‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ......

‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪01 :‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب ‪:01‬‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻘﻮﻳﻢ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت اﻟﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺄﻫﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺪروﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺪروﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧـ ــﻴﺔ |ﺧﻄﻮات دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .2‬ذ ر ) ر‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻴﻴﺮ‬

‫‪ |6‬اﳌﻌﺎدﻻت واﳌﱰاﺟﺤﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1‬اﻟﻨﺴﺐ اﳌﺆوﻳﺔ واﳌﺆﺷﺮات‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫واﻗﺘﺼﺎد )‪5‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ )ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|3‬اﻹﺣﺼﺎء‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |4‬اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |5‬اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪)@01@å튷@N1‬ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ(‪ :‬أﺟﺐ ﺑﺼﺤﺔ أو ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرات اﳌﻮاﻟﻴﺔ دون ﺗﱪﻳﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﻮاب‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺆال‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫اﻷول ‪ u 0 = 2‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪5‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪2n + 5‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫اﻷول ‪ u 0 = 3‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪7‬‬ ‫ﻫﻮ اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪3× 7n‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫‪.3‬ﻋﺪد ﺣﺪود ا‪‬ﻤﻮع ‪ u7 + u8 + ..... + u106‬ﻫﻮ ‪100‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪:‬اﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎن ﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺘﻼﻣﻴﺬ وﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻬﻢ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﳍﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫‪.4‬إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ 0‬ﻓﺎن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس‬
‫……………………………‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ‪ 0‬ﻫﻲ‪y = f ' ( 0) x + f ( 0) :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫‪ .5‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ" ‪ " x 3‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﲤﺎﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل [∞‪]−∞; +‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﺳﺘﺒﻴﺎن ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺎت ﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت )‪15‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℝ‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3x 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.7‬ﰲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ‪ ، o , i , j‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬ﺣﻴﺚ )‪ g ( x ) = ( x + 2‬ﻫﻮ ﺻﻮرة ﻣﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﻌﺐ" ‪ " x 3‬ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺴﺤﺎب اﻟﺬي ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻪ ‪−2i‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ x 2 + 5x = −4‬ﻫﻮ ‪∆ = 41‬‬ ‫‪.8‬ﳑﻴﺰ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ | ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫اﳌﱰاﺟﺤﺔ ‪ x 2 + 2x − 3 ≺ 0‬ﻫﻲ ‪ℝ‬‬ ‫‪.9‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﻮل‬

‫‪)@03@å튷@N3‬ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ(‪:‬‬ ‫‪)@02@å튷@N2‬ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ(‪:‬‬

‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ E‬ﻋﺒﺎرة ﺟﱪﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫و ‪v8 = 7‬‬ ‫) ‪ (v n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪v 2 = 4‬‬
‫ﻳﻠﻲ‪. E = 2x − 3 − 4 :‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻋﲔ أﺳﺎس اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ ،v 0‬ﰒ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ اﲡﺎﻩ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺣﻠّﻞ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ E‬إﱃ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﺎﻣﻠﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪v‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﲑ‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺣﻞ ﰲ ‪ ℝ‬اﳌﻌﺎدﻻت واﳌﱰاﺟﺤﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫‪ .2‬أﺣﺴﺐ ‪ v n‬ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ‪ . n‬ﰒ ﻋﲔ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪n‬‬ ‫‪َ E = 0‬و ‪E ≥ 0‬‬
‫ﲝﻴﺚ‪.v n = 1007 :‬‬

‫‪.5‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬ ‫‪.4‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻣﺘﺮاﺟﺤﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬و م‬
 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪02 :‬‬ ‫‪ℤ‬‬ ‫اد ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ :01‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1.5h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ وﻧﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ‪ℤ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬ك م ‪ +‬ﺳﻼح ط‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﺮ ﻋﺪدي ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻌﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺪد‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻟﺔ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اوﻟﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﻌﺪ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ اﻟﺘﺎم واﻟﻌﺪدان‬ ‫‪(8‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 1‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺎﺑﺎن )‪8‬د(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺎم وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻮاﺳﻤﻪ | ﻣﻔﻬﻮم وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻌﺪدان اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺎﺑﺎن‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ا‬ ‫ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ℤ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪: ℤ‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪َ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻋﺪدان ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎن ﻣﻊ ‪ ، b ≠ 0‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ b‬ﻳﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬أو ‪ b‬ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ a‬إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا وﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ k‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ a = kb‬وﻧﻜﺘﺐ ‪. b | a‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺪدﻳﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﲔ ‪َ a‬و ‪ −a‬ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﻮاﺳﻢ ﰲ ا‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ℤ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ b‬ﻳﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ‪ b a‬وﻧﻘﺮأ " ‪ b‬ﻳﻘﺴﻢ ‪ " a‬أو " ‪ b‬ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ " a‬أو " ‪ a‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪" b‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:1‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﺼﺮ ﻋﺪدي ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻌﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬

‫• ‪ 10 | 50‬ﻷن ‪50 = 10 × 5‬‬

‫• ) ‪ 3 | ( −39‬ﻷن )‪−39 = 3 × ( −13‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫……………………………‬ ‫• ‪ ( −18 ) |1890‬ﻷن )‪1890 = ( −105 ) × ( −18‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪: ℤ‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ )‪6‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ a‬و ‪ b ∈ ℤ‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ ، b ≠ 0‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﺣﻴﺪة ) ‪ (q , r‬ﲢﻘﻖ‪ a = bq + r :‬و ‪0 ≤ r ≺ b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ r ≺ b‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ أﺻﻐﺮ ﲤﺎﻣﺎً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ‪b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ إﳚﺎد اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ) ‪ (q , r‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻹﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |3‬ﺣﺼﺮ ﻋﺪد ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻌﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪َ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻋﺪدان ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎن ﻣﻊ ‪ ، b ≠ 0‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟ ـ ‪ b‬ﻓﺎن ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ q‬وﺣﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺣﺼﺮ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻌﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ )‪8‬د(‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ qb ≤ a ≺ (q + 1) b‬ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﲔ ﻟﻌﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ 78 = 7 ×11 + 1‬وﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 11‬ﻫﻮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ‪ 78‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 7‬وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ‪ . 1‬وﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن ‪77 ≤ 78 ≺ 84‬‬
‫ﻷن )‪ 7 × 11 ≤ 78 ≺ 7 × (11 + 1‬و ‪78 − 77 = 1‬‬
‫َ‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 155 = ( −8 ) × ( −19 ) + 3‬وﻣﻨﻪ ) ‪ ( −19‬ﻫﻮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ‪ 155‬ﻋﻠﻰ ) ‪ ( −8‬وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ‪ . 3‬وﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن ‪152 ≤ 155 ≺ 160‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻷن )‪ 7 × 11 ≤ 78 ≺ 7 × (11 + 1‬و ‪78 − 77 = 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .6‬أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺣﺼﺮ ﻋﺪدي )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪ −48 = ( −12 ) × 4‬وﻣﻨﻪ ) ‪ ( −12‬ﻫﻮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ) ‪ ( −48‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 4‬وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ ‪ . 0‬وﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن ‪−48 ≤ −48 ≺ −44‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ﻷن )‪ ( −12 × 4 ) ≤ −48 ≺ 4 × ( −12 + 1‬و ‪−48 − ( −48 ) = 0‬‬

‫َ‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﲤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻌﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪b‬‬

‫وﳓﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ a = bq + r‬و ‪0 ≤ r ≺ b‬‬

‫َ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:1‬‬
‫‪a = 132‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪b = 49‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪َ b ، a‬و ‪ c‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻋﺪاد ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪c = −330‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1‬أﺛﺒﺖ أن ‪ c‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪ |2‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ . b‬ﰒ أﻋﻂ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﺑﻴﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﲔ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﲔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪ |3‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ c‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ . b‬ﰒ أﻋﻂ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ c‬ﺑﻴﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﲔ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﲔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺎت ﺣﻮل اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬
‫اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 12‬ﻫﻮ ‪9‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪ |1‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪َ 4 ، 3‬و ‪. 6‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺪاد‪َ a + 7 ، a + 2 :‬و ‪ 2a − 10‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. 12‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 23-22|| 20-16-08-06 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {23 | 22‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪ |3‬ا& ه &‪## $%‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪03 :‬‬ ‫‪ℤ‬‬ ‫اد ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ :01‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬ك م ‪ +‬ﺳﻼح ط‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ وﻋﺪد ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺪد‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻟﺔ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اوﻟﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رح(‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﺪد وﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﺣﻠﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ 1372‬إﱃ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ أوﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ )‪8‬د(‪.‬‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻋﲔ ﻋﺪد وﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪. 1372‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ إﻟﻰ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ أوﻟﻴﺔ | ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﺳ د ‪!" #‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪(……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻋﺪد ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﳏﻠﻞ إﱃ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ n = a1 × a2 × ... × ap‬ﻫﻮ‪α1 +1) × (α2 +1) ×... × α p + 1 :‬‬
‫‪α1‬‬ ‫‪α2‬‬ ‫‪αp‬‬
‫ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ )‪10‬د(‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺣﻞ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ﻓﺮع ‪:1‬‬
‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ 1372‬ﻫﻮ ‪ 1372 = 22 × 73‬وﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﺪد ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ‪ 1372‬ﻫﻮ ‪ ( 2 + 1)( 3 + 1) = 12‬وﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ 1372‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ‪ 12‬ﻗﺎﺳﻢ‬
‫ﺣﻞ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط ﻓﺮع ‪:2‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﻤﻲ ‪ D1372‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ . 1372‬وﻧﻌﲔ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮاﲰﻪ وﻓﻖ اﻟﺸﺠﺮة اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫……………………………‬
‫‪4 × 7 = 28‬‬ ‫‪2 × 7 = 14‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1× 7 = 7‬‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫‪7 × 28 = 196‬‬ ‫‪7 × 14 = 98‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪7 × 7 = 49‬‬
‫)‪6‬د(‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ وﻋﺪد ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪196‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪1372‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫‪98‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫=‬ ‫‪686‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪× 49 = 343‬‬
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‫وﻣﻨﻪ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ 1372‬ﻫﻲ‪D1372 = {1; 2; 4;7;14; 28; 49;98;196;343; 686;1372} :‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪α1‬‬ ‫‪α2‬‬ ‫‪αp‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﳏﻠﻞ إﱃ ﺟﺪاء ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ n = a1 × a2 × ...× ap‬ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﺠﺮة اﳌﺒﻴﻨﺔ أﻋﻼﻩ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .5‬أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ وإﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‬

‫‪ |2‬أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ اﻷﻋﺪاد اﳌﻮاﻟﻴﺔ‪26300 ، 2012 ، 36 :‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 07-05 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ { 22‬ــﺔ‬

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‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬وا م دد ط‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:1‬‬
‫‪a = 132‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪b = 49‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪َ b ، a‬و ‪ c‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻋﺪاد ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
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‫‪c = −330‬‬
‫‪‬‬
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‫‪ |1‬أﺛﺒﺖ أن ‪ c‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪a‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ . b‬ﰒ أﻋﻂ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﺑﻴﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﲔ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﲔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪ |3‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ c‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ . b‬ﰒ أﻋﻂ ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ c‬ﺑﻴﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﲔ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﲔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. b‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺎت ﺣﻮل اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬
‫اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ وﺑﺎﻗﻴﻬﺎ )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 12‬ﻫﻮ ‪9‬‬
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‫‪ |1‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪َ 4 ، 3‬و ‪. 6‬‬

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‫‪ |2‬ﻋﲔ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺪاد‪َ a + 7 ، a + 2 :‬و ‪ 2a − 10‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. 12‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 23-22|| 20-16-08-06-05 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {23 | 22‬ــﺔ‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪ |3‬ا* ه *)( ''‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

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‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
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‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
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‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪04 :‬‬ ‫‪ℤ‬‬ ‫اد ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ :01‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ‪ℤ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬ك م ‪ +‬ﺳﻼح ط‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻴﻦ وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ واﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪرس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺣﻮل‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪرس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻮاﺳﻢ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ )‪8‬د(‪.‬‬ ‫‪(8‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 2‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺎم وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻮاﺳﻤﻪ | ﻣﻔﻬﻮم وﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻌﺪدان اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺎﺑﺎن‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪.3‬ا‪ $‬ا‪ #‬ت ‪ℤ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1.3‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪: ℤ‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻻﻋﺪاد اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ)‪7‬د(‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻤﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎت ﻓﻲ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻋﺪدان ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎن َو ‪ n‬ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﻮل أن ‪َ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎن ﺑﱰدﻳﺪ ‪ n‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ أن ‪َ a‬و ‪ b‬ﳍﻤﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻹﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪. n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪َ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎن ﺑﱰدﻳﺪ ‪ n‬ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ] ‪ a ≡ b [ n‬أو ) ‪ a ≡ b ( n‬وﻧﻘﺮأ " ‪ a‬ﻳﻮاﻓﻖ ‪ b‬ﺑﺘﺮدﻳﺪ ‪" n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ( a , b ) ∈ ℤ‬و *‪n ∈ ℕ‬‬ ‫‪ |2.3‬ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﻦ ‪ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎن ﺑﺘﺮدﻳﺪ ‪ n‬إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a − b‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎً ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. n‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺷﺮط ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ واﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻴﻦ وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ واﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت‬

‫]‪ 14 ≡ 8[3‬ﻷن ‪ 14 − 8 = 6‬و ‪ 6‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. 3‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )‪6‬د(‬

‫]‪ −26 ≡ 9 [5‬ﻷن ‪ −26 − 9 = −35‬و ‪ −35‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. 5‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫……………………………‬
‫]‪ 250 ≡ 0 [10‬ﻷن ‪ 250 − 0 = 250‬و ‪ 250‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. 10‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |3.3‬ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪوم‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ‪ n :‬ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ a‬ﻳﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﱰدﻳﺪ ‪ n‬ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﻴــﺠﺔ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ n‬إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪. a ≡ 0 [ n‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﺪدي ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫واﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎت )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫• ]‪ 34 ≡ 6 [7‬وﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ‪ 34‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 7‬ﻫﻮ ‪. 6‬‬
‫• ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ‪ 528‬ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 10‬ﻫﻮ ‪ 8‬وﻧﻜﺘﺐ‪528 ≡ 8 [10] :‬‬
‫• اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ 825‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪825 ≡ 0 [3] :‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ‪ 1‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪:13‬‬

‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﺒﻴﺎن ﺻﺤﺔ او ﺧﻄﺄ اﳌﻮاﻓﻘﺎت اﳌﻌﻄﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﱪﻫﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ] ‪ a ≡ b [ n‬ﳝﻜﻦ إﺛﺒﺎت أن ‪ a − b‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ل ‪ n‬أو اﻟﱪﻫﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻟ ـ ‪ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﰲ‬
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‫اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. n‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ ﺣﻮل‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎت )‪8‬د(‬

‫ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﳌﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ]‪26 ≡ 11[5‬‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫]‪ 26 ≡ 11[5‬ﻣﻊ ‪ 26 −11 = 15‬وﻣﻨﻪ ‪15 = 5 × 3‬‬

‫]ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻲ[‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ‪ 2‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪:13‬‬

‫ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻫﺎن أن ﻟ ـ ‪ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. n‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا وا ت‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |4.3‬ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺎت ﻓﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ℤ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪َ a‬و ‪َ c ، b‬و ‪ d‬أﻋﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ و ‪ n‬ﻋﺪد ﻃﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺎت وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬

‫] ‪ | a ≡ a [ n‬ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪ a ≡ b [ n‬ﻓﺈن ] ‪b ≡ a [ n‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪َ a ≡ b [ n‬و ] ‪ b ≡ c [ n‬ﻓﺈن ] ‪ | a ≡ c [ n‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺪي‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪a + c ≡ b + d [ n ]‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪َ a ≡ b [ n‬و ] ‪ c ≡ d [ n‬ﻓﺈن ‪‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.‬‬‫اﻟﻀﺮب‬ ‫وﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻼﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ‬ ‫|‬
‫‪a × c ≡ b × d [ n ] ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ p‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪ a ≡ b [ n‬ﻓﺈن ] ‪. a p ≡ b p [ n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﲟﺎ أن ] ‪ a ≡ a [ n‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪ c ≡ d [ n‬ﻓﺈن ] ‪c + a ≡ d + a [ n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ] ‪ c ≡ d [ n‬ﻓﺈن ] ‪c × a ≡ d × a [ n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ 12 ≡ 3[9] :‬و ]‪ 29 ≡ 2 [9‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]‪ 12 + 29 ≡ 3 + 2 [9‬و ]‪ 12 × 29 ≡ 3 × 2 [9‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ]‪ 41 ≡ 5 [9‬و ]‪348 ≡ 6 [9‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫َ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ]‪ 34 ≡ 1[11‬وﻣﻨﻪ ]‪ 34 ≡ 1 [11‬ﲟﻌﲎ ]‪. 34 ≡ 1[11‬‬
‫‪2011‬‬ ‫‪2011‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2011‬‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ]‪ 8 ≡ 0 [ 2‬وﻣﻨﻪ ]‪. 88 ≡ 0 [ 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:1‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﻮل اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪15‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪ .9‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴـﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 32-31||28-27-25 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {23‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا وا ت‬
 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪05 :‬‬ ‫‪ℤ‬‬ ‫اد ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ :01‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻻت ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻌﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪرس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ )اﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪروس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻻﻗﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ( )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(9‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 4‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ )‪12‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪|1‬ﺣﺴﺎب ا‪‬ﺎﻣﻴﻊ اﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪|2‬ﺣﺴﺎب ﳎﻤﻮع ﻣﺎ ﺑﺘﺨﻤﲔ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ وراﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺪأ اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ وﻛﺬا ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ اﻟﻮراﺛﻴﺔ‬
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‫(‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫)‬
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‫‪ |1‬أ ا ﺳ( ل & ‪%‬ا‪:#$‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ) ‪ p ( n‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻌﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬و ‪ n 0‬ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺪأ وﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ف ﺣﺎﻻت ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ‬

‫ﻹﺛﺒﺎت ﺻﺤﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ) ‪ p ( n‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬أﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ أو ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪ n 0‬ﳚﺐ أن‪:‬‬
‫أي ) ‪. p ( n 0‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ‪n 0‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻧﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪.3‬اﻟﻤﺒﺪأ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺪﻻل‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻔﺮض أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬أﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ أو ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪ n 0‬أي ) ‪ p ( n‬وﻧﱪﻫﻦ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ)‪15‬د(‬

‫……………………………‬
‫ﺻﺤﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n + 1‬أي )‪. p ( n + 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :1‬ﻟﻨﺜﺒﺖ ﺻﺤﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + ( 2n + 1) = ( n + 1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪: n‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n = 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ 1 = ( 0 + 1)2 :‬ﳏﻘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n = 0‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻔﺮض أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ≥ 0‬أي‪. 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + ( 2n + 1) = ( n + 1)2 :‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺜﺎل ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ‬

‫?‬
‫) ‪1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + ( 2n + 3 ) = ( n + 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫أي‪:‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ‪n + 1‬‬ ‫وﻟﻨﱪﻫﻦ ﺻﺤﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫)‪1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + ( 2n + 3) = 1 + 3 + 5 + .... + ( 2n + 1)  + ( 2n + 3‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪= ( n + 1) + ( 2n + 3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪= n + 2n + 1 + 2n + 3‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫‪= n + 4n + 4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫)‪= ( n + 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫)‪1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + ( 2n + 1) = ( n + 1‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪: n‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ‪n + 1‬‬ ‫وﻣﻨﻪ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫را‬ ‫د ل‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻄﺮح أي ﻣﺸﻜﻞ إﻻ أﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﺿﺮورﻳﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ أن ﺗﻜﻮن وراﺛﻴﺔ و ﻟﻜﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت وﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ )‪15‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ‪ ":‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ 3n ، n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد‪ " 5‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ رﻏﻢ أ‪‬ﺎ وراﺛﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻼً‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 3n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد‪ 5‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ k‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪. 3n = 5k‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ إذن ‪ 3n +1 = 3 × 3n = 3 5k = 5 3K‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 3n +1‬ﻫﻮ اﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد‪.5‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺜﺒﺖ ﺻﺤﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ n‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ n 2 + n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n = 1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ 12 + 1 = 2 :‬و ‪ 2‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ 2‬ﳏﻘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n = 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻧﻔﺮض أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ≥ 1‬أي‪ n 2 + n :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ ، 2‬وﻫﺬا ﻳﻌﲏ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أن ‪ n 2 + n = 2k‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ k‬ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻟﻨﱪﻫﻦ ﺻﺤﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n + 1‬أي‪ ( n + 1) + ( n + 1) :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪( n + 1) + ( n + 1) = n 2 + 2n + 1 + n + 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪n 2 + n = 2k‬‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ = n + 3n + 2‬ﲟﻌﲎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫( )‬ ‫)‬ ‫( ) (‬
‫‪n + 1 + n + 1 = 2k + 2 n + 1 = 2 k + n + 1‬‬ ‫‪)‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫)‪= ( n 2 + n ) + 2 ( n + 1‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻊ واﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻪ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﲟﺎ أن اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ )‪ 2 ( k + n + 1‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ 2‬ﻓﺈن اﻟﻌﺪد )‪ ( n + 1)2 + ( n + 1‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ 2‬وﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﻞ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت رﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ )‪20‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n + 1‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ n‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ n 2 + n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ‪ 1‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪:17‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﻫﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ أﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ n − n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪. 3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺤـــﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ " ‪ n − n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ " 3‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ . n‬ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻل ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ ‪ :1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ 03 − 0 = 0 = 3× 0 ، n = 0‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 03 − 0‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪.3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n = 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ ‪ :2‬ﻧﻔﺮض أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪n ≥ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أي‪ n3 − n :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪.3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻊ ‪ n3 − n = 3k‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ k‬ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ .‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪n3 = 3k + n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫و ﻧﱪﻫﻦ أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n + 1‬أي ‪ ( n + 1) − (n + 1)‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪.3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪(n +1) −(n + 1) = n3 + 3n 2 + 3n +1− n −1 = (3k + n) + 3n 2 + 2n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪(n +1) −(n + 1) = 3k + 3n 2 + 3n = 3(k + n 2 + n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫و ﲟﺎ أن )‪ 3(k + n 2 + n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ 3‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أن )‪ ( n + 1) − (n + 1‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n3 − n ، n‬ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 39-38 -37-35 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {23‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫را‬ ‫د ل‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪06 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :02‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎم وﻛﺬا اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ وﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻃﺮق ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ وﻃﺮق‬ ‫‪(30‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 1‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻫﺎ )‪10‬د(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ | ﻃﺮق ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ت{‬ ‫ت }ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.3‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪. n‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻷﻋﺪاد اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ‪ ℕ‬ﻓﻲ ‪ّ ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ّ @:‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت وﺗﺮﻣﻴﺰ‪@:‬اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﻋﺎدة ﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﻮز‪......،w ،v ، u :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.4‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺮﻣﻮز اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﻟﺼﻮرة ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﲟﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u n‬أو ‪ u n‬وﻧﻘﺮأ‪ u :‬دﻟﻴﻞ ‪. n‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت )‪6‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ u n‬ﻳﺴﻤﻰ اﳊ ّﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﻫﻮ اﳊ ّﺪ اﻟﺬي رﺗﺒﺘﻪ ‪. n‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ب ‪ U n‬أو ‪. (U n )n∈ℕ‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ u :‬ﻫﻲ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ *‪ ℕ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪Un‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫……………………………‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪.U 100‬‬ ‫اﳊ ّﺪ اﻟﺬي رﺗﺒﺘﻪ ‪ 100‬ﳍﺬﻩ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎم وﻛﺬا اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪100‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻃﺮق ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﻤﻮاﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪.1‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪U n = f n :‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﺣ ّﺪ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ‪ n‬ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‪ .‬ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ) ‪ u n = f ( n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻄﻰ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ دﺳﺘﻮر ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﲝﺴﺎب ّ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪[ n 0 , +‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ u :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪U n = 2n 2 − 3 :‬‬
‫ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﳒﺪ‪ U 0 = −3 :‬و ‪.....U 1 = 2 ×12 − 3 = −1‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺑﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء‪:‬‬

‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﳊﺪ اﻷول ‪.U 0‬‬
‫)‪12‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺘﻌﻴﲔ ﻛﻞ ﺣ ّﺪ اﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ اﳊﺪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪ .‬وﻧﺴﻤﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ V :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ V = 2‬واﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪V = 3V − 2 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n +1‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ّ‬
‫‪.......V 1 = 3 ×V‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪−2 = 3 × 2 − 2 = 4‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .7‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 04-03-01 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {44‬ــﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت ا دد ] و ت[‬ ‫‪.1‬ا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫تا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.1.2‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ U n‬أﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ إذا وﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ q‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪) U n +1 = q ×U n : n ∈ ℕ‬ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺮور ﻣﻦ ﺣ ّﺪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤ ّﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﻟﻲ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮب ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ‪( q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﺴﻤﻲ ‪ q‬أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ . U n‬ﻣﺜﺎل‪ U n +1 = U n :‬ﻣﻊ = ‪. q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.2.2‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪@: U n‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﺑﺈﺣﺪى اﻟﻄﺮق اﳌﻮاﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء ﺣ ّﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ‪ u p‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ واﻷﺳﺎس ‪: q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.1‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬واﻷﺳﺎس ‪q‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺣ ّﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ U p‬ﻛﻴﻔﻲ واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ q‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪:‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ذات اﳊﺪ اﻷول ‪U 0‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪U n =U p ×q‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬
‫واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ q‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪6‬د(‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ (U n ) :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ = ‪ u 3‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪) U n = q n ⋅U 0 :‬ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 15   3 ‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ u n = u 3 + q n − 3‬وﻣﻨﻪ‪u 5 = u 3 ⋅ q 5− 3 =   ⋅   :‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪( q = 2 ،U 0 = 1 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 7  2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ u n = u 0 × q n :‬و ‪. u n = u1 × q n −1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.3.2‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ c ;b ; a‬ﺬا اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺪوداً ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن‪a × c = b 2 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ b‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺪدﻳﻦ ‪ a‬و ‪. c‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ 1 ،5 ،25‬ﺬا اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻷن‪. 1 × 25 = 52 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.4.2‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪q ≠ 1‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1 − q n +1‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫× ‪u 0 + u1 + ...... + u n = u 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1− q‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1−q n‬‬
‫× ‪u1 + u 2 ...... + u n = u1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ u1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1− q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻝﺤدود ‪1 -‬‬‫ﻋدد= ‪S‬‬ ‫ﻷﺴﺎس أس‬
‫اﻷول(‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ا× ) اﻝﺤد‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ا س ‪1 -‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن‪ q = 1 :‬ﻓﺈن ‪. S = u 0 + u1 + ........ + u n −1 + u n = n + 1 u 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫·‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………...... ZåíŠ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ u n (1‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ u 5 = 4‬و ‪ . u 10 = −11‬ﻋﻴﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ؟‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ v n (2‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ v 3 = 24‬و ‪ .v 5 = 96‬ﻋﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪v n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫! ‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺣﺪان ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ u m……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬و ‪ u p‬ﻧﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫! ‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺣﺪان ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ u m‬و ‪ u p‬ﻧﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪ u m = u p × q‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫‪m −p‬‬
‫• ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر‬ ‫• ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ‪ u m = u p + m − p r‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻷﺳﺎس ‪r‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻷﺳﺎس ‪q‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪u n‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫• ﻧﻄﺒﻖ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ‪ u m = u 0 × q‬ﻹﻳﺠﺎد ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫‪m‬‬
‫• ﻧﻄﺒﻖ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ‪ u = u + mr‬ﻹﻳﺠﺎد ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪u‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫)‪( n‬‬ ‫‪m‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .2‬را‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪ |3‬ا‪ '%‬ه ‪#$%‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬أﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪07 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :01‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴ ــﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ وﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬‬
‫وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ وﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪(31‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 3‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم )‪10‬د(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ وﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﻤﺎ | ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ أو ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫تا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪ |1‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.1.1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ U n‬أﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ إذا وﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪) U n +1 = U n + r : n ∈ ℕ‬ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺮور ﻣﻦ ﺣ ّﺪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﻟﻲ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ‪U n +1 − U n = r‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫)‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﺴﻤﻲ ‪ r‬أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ . U n‬ﻣﺜﺎل‪ U n +1 = U n − 2 :‬ﻣﻊ ‪.U 0 = 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r = 0‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪.2.1‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ) ‪@: (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﺑﺈﺣﺪى اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﻤﻮاﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪.2‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء ﺣ ّﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ‪ u p‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ واﻷﺳﺎس ‪: r‬‬ ‫‪.1‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬واﻷﺳﺎس ‪: r‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺣ ّﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ U p‬ﻛﻴﻔﻲ واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ r‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪:‬‬ ‫) ‪(U n‬‬
‫……………………………‬ ‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ذات اﳊﺪ اﻷول ‪U 0‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪U n = U p + ( n − p ) r :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ r‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪:‬‬
‫)‪6‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ (U n ) :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ u10 = 15‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ = ‪r‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪U n = U 0 + nr :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻋﺪاد اﻟﻔﺮدﻳﺔ‪،U n = 1 + 2n :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫× ) ‪ u n = u 10 + ( n − 10‬وﻣﻨﻪ‪u35 =15 + ( 35 −10) × = 52.5 :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪( r = 2/ u0 = 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ u n = u 0 + nr :‬و ‪. u n = u1 + n − 1 r‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪.3.1‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‬

‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ c ;b ; a‬ﺬا اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺪوداً ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن‪a + c = 2b :‬‬

‫ﻳﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ b‬ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻠﻌﺪدﻳﻦ ‪ a‬و ‪. c‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ 12 ،7 ،2‬ﺬا اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻷن‪. 2 + 12 = 2 × 7 :‬‬
‫‪.4.1‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ U 0‬واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ r‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪u +u‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ S = u 0 + u1 + ...... + u n = n + 1 0 n :‬وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪S = u 1 + u 2 ...... + u n = n‬‬

‫أﺟﻞ ) ‪(u1 + u n‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬
‫اﻝﺤدود(‪S =+‬اﻝﺤد اﻷول‬
‫اﻷﺨﻴر‬ ‫ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ا× )‬
‫ﻝﺤدﻋدد‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .1‬را‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫تا ﺳ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.1.2‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ U n‬أﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ إذا وﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ q‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪) U n +1 = q ×U n : n ∈ ℕ‬ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺮور ﻣﻦ ﺣ ّﺪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤ ّﺪ اﻟﻤﻮاﻟﻲ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮب ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ‪( q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﺴﻤﻲ ‪ q‬أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ . U n‬ﻣﺜﺎل‪ U n +1 = U n :‬ﻣﻊ = ‪. q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.2.2‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪@: U n‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﺑﺈﺣﺪى اﻟﻄﺮق اﳌﻮاﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء ﺣ ّﺪ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ ‪ u p‬ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ واﻷﺳﺎس ‪: q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.1‬ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎء اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬واﻷﺳﺎس ‪q‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺣ ّﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ U p‬ﻛﻴﻔﻲ واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ q‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪:‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ذات اﳊﺪ اﻷول ‪U 0‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪U n =U p ×q‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪p‬‬
‫واﻷﺳﺎس ‪ q‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪6‬د(‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ (U n ) :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ = ‪ u 3‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪) U n = q n ⋅U 0 :‬ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 15   3 ‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ u n = u 3 + q n − 3‬وﻣﻨﻪ‪u 5 = u 3 ⋅ q 5− 3 =   ⋅   :‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪( q = 2 ،U 0 = 1 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 7  2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ u n = u 0 × q n :‬و ‪. u n = u1 × q n −1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.3.2‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ c ;b ; a‬ﺬا اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺪوداً ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن‪a × c = b 2 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ b‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺪدﻳﻦ ‪ a‬و ‪. c‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ 1 ،5 ،25‬ﺬا اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻷن‪. 1 × 25 = 52 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.4.2‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪q ≠ 1‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1 − q n +1‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫× ‪u 0 + u1 + ...... + u n = u 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1− q‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1−q n‬‬
‫× ‪u1 + u 2 ...... + u n = u1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ u1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1− q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻝﺤدود ‪1 -‬‬‫ﻋدد= ‪S‬‬ ‫ﻷﺴﺎس أس‬
‫اﻷول(‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ا× ) اﻝﺤد‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ا س ‪1 -‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن‪ q = 1 :‬ﻓﺈن ‪. S = u 0 + u1 + ........ + u n −1 + u n = n + 1 u 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-06-05‬‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫·‪ZåíŠ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {44‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪11-08‬‬ ‫‪ u n (1‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ u 5 = 4‬و ‪ . u 10 = −11‬ﻋﻴﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ v n (2‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ v 3 = 24‬و ‪ .v 5 = 96‬ﻋﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪v n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺣﺪان ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ u m……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬و ‪ u p‬ﻧﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺣﺪان ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ u m‬و ‪ u p‬ﻧﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪ u m = u p × q‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫‪m −p‬‬
‫• ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر‬ ‫• ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ‪ u m = u p + m − p r‬ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻷﺳﺎس ‪r‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻷﺳﺎس ‪q‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪u n‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫• ﻧﻄﺒﻖ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ‪ u m = u 0 × q‬ﻹﻳﺠﺎد ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫‪m‬‬
‫• ﻧﻄﺒﻖ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ‪ u = u + mr‬ﻹﻳﺠﺎد ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺪ اﻷول ‪u‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫)‪( n‬‬ ‫‪m‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .2‬را‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪ |3‬ا‪ '%‬ه ‪#$%‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .14‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 08-07-04-03-02 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {22‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
www.mathonec.com
 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪08 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :02‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺮﺗﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف إن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ ودراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪرس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺣﻮل‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪرس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐــﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رح(‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪ (u n ) :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℕ‬ب‪. u n = 2n 2 + n :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ودراﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪ (1‬أوﺟﺪ ﻋﺒﺎرة ‪ u n +1‬ﰒ أدرس إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻔﺮق ‪. u n +1 − u n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رﺗﺎﺑﺘﻬﺎ )‪10‬د(‪.‬‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﺎذا ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪(u n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻌﺮف إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫تا‬ ‫‪ |3‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪ .1.3‬ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ‪ (u n ) :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℕ‬‬
‫‪ .3‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪u n +1 ≥ u n‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫• اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻌﺮف إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ‬

‫• اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬

‫)‪7‬د(‬

‫‪u n +1 ≤ u n‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫‪u n +1 = u n‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫• اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫• اﻟﻘﻮل أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u‬رﺗﻴﺒﺔ ﻳﻌﲏ أ‪‬ﺎ إﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وإﻣﺎ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫……………………………‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬
‫ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ (u n )n ≥ n‬ﺗﺒﻘﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪n ≥ n 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪ 1‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﻮل أ‪‬ﺎ ﻏﲑ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﳌﺜﺎل اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪u n =  − ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 2‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت وﻃﺮاﺋﻖ ﻓﻲ دراﺳﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬أ‪‬ﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا وﺟﺪ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ‪ k‬ﲝﻴﺚ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪u n = k : n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪u n +1‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪد ‪ . 1‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ أن‬ ‫أو ﻧﻘﺎرن‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮق ‪u n +1 − u n‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﳝﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة‬
‫‪un‬‬
‫‪.un‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم ) ‪= f ( n‬‬ ‫اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ [ 0; +‬ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻧﺪرس اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ .5‬أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺣﻮل دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﺮات‬

‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ v n = −n 2 + n + 1‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ )‪6‬د(‬

‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ v n +1 = −n 2 − n + 1‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪v n +1 − v n = −2n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ v n +1 − v n‬وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪ v n +1 ≤ v n‬إذن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ n ∈ ℕ‬ﻳﻜﻮن ‪ −2n ≤ 0‬أي ‪≤ 0‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت ار‬ ‫‪.1‬ا‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ u n +1 − u n = r ، n‬وﻣﻨﻪ‪:‬‬
‫‪.6‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.7‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪ℕ‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن‬ ‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪u‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪  :‬‬
‫‪2n‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
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‫‪n‬‬
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‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‬
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‫‪2‬‬
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‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ 16-14-12‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ ـ}‪ {44‬ــﺔ‬ ‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬

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‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .2‬را‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

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‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 08-07-04-03-02 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {22‬ــﺔ‬
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‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

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www.mathonec.com
‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪09 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :02‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫‪u n +1 = au n + b‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ‪ u n +1 = au n + b‬ﻣﻊ ‪a ≠ 0‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺧﻮاص داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ‪x → ax + b‬‬
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‫‪-‬‬ ‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪:‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
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‫‪(31‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 4‬ا‬
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‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬

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‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ )‪12‬د(‬

‫‪|1‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ u 0‬اﻟﱵ ﲢﻘﻖ ‪u n +1 = 1, 05u n + 2000‬‬

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‫‪|2‬إﺛﺒﺎت أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ وﻻ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|3‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪v n = u n + 40000‬‬
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‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪u n +1 = au n + b‬‬
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‫‪u n +1 = au n + b‬‬ ‫ت ا‬
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‫) ‪ (u n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ u n +1 = au n + b ، n ∈ ℕ‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻋﺪدان ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎن و ‪. a ≠ 0‬‬
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‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ أن ) ‪ u n +1 = f (u n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ‪. x ֏ ax + b :‬‬
‫‪.3‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ودراﺳﺔ ﺗﻘﺎرب ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ )‪15‬د(‬

‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‪a = 1 :‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u1 = 2‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ‪. u n +1 = u n − 3 ، ℕ‬‬
‫∗‬ ‫∗‬

‫• ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮاﺿﺢ أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r = −3‬و ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪. u1 = 2‬‬

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‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ u n = u1 + n − 1 r ، ℕ‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪3n‬‬
‫……………………………‪. u n = 5 −‬‬
‫) ‪n (7 − 3n‬‬
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‫‪n‬‬
‫= ‪Sn‬‬ ‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ S n = u1 + u 2 + ... + u n = (u 1 + u n ) ، ℕ‬و ﻣﻨﻪ‬
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‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
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‫) (‬
‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ u n +1 −u n = −3 ، ℕ‬و ﻣﻨﻪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫= ‪u0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪َ a ≠ 1 :‬و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫) (‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ∗‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u1 = −3‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪. u n +1 = 2u n + 3 ، ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت وﻓﻖ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫• ﺣﺴﺎب اﳊﺪود اﻷوﱃ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻨﺎ‪ u 2 = −3 :‬و ‪ ... ، u 3 = −3‬ﳔﻤﻦ أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪد ‪10) a‬د(‬

‫• ﻟﻨﺒﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ أﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪. u n = −3 ، ℕ‬‬

‫∗ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n = 1‬ﻷن ‪. u1 = −3‬‬
‫∗ ﻧﻔﺮض أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ n ≥ 1‬أي أن ‪ u n = −3‬وﻧﱪﻫﻦ ﺻﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n + 1‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n +1 = 2u n + 3 = 2 (−3) + 3‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ . u n +1 = −3‬إذن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n + 1‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺒﺪأ اﻟﱪﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ‪ ،‬أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ . ℕ‬إذن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪. S n = −3n‬‬
‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ S n = u 1 + u 2 + ... + u n = nu 1 ، n‬و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫≠ ‪u0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪َ a ≠ 1 :‬و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪.v n = u n −‬‬ ‫ﳊﺴﺎب اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪ u n‬و ا‪‬ﻤﻮع ‪ S n = u1 + u 2 + ... + u n‬ﻧﺴﺘﻌﲔ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ذات اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‬
‫‪1− a‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ∗‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u1 = 1‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪. u n +1 = 2u n + 3 ، ℕ‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (v n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ∗‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎم‪.v n = u n + 3 :‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 25-23-21-20 -19:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{45‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫را‬ ‫ر‬ ‫‪ .1‬درا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ا ‪:f‬‬ ‫‪ $‬ا‪! " !#‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ &$ |4‬رب‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻘﺎرب ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪v n =un −‬‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫• ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﻘﺎرب ‪ u n‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ v n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎم‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ )‪15‬د(‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ab‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪b ‬‬
‫‪v n +1 = u n +1 −‬‬ ‫‪= au n + b −‬‬ ‫‪= au n −‬‬ ‫‪= a u n −‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ = av n . n‬‬
‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫و ﻣﻨﻪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ v n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ a‬و ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪.v 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪. un = v 0 ×an +‬‬ ‫‪ u n = v n +‬ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ v n = v 0 × a n ، n‬و ﲟﺎ أن‬
‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫= ‪ . lim u n‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أن ‪ u n‬ﻣﺘﻘﺎرب ﳓﻮ‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ −1 < a < 1‬ﻓﺈن ‪ lim a n = 0‬و ﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫∞‪n →+‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪n →+‬‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a > 1‬ﻓﺈن ∞‪ lim a n = +‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ∞‪ lim u n = +‬أو ∞‪ lim u n = −‬و ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺴﺐ إﺷﺎرة ‪v 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪n →+‬‬ ‫∞‪n →+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∞‪n →+‬‬

‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ≤ −1‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ a n‬ﺎﻳﺔ و ﻣﻨﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أﻧﻪ ﰲ اﳊﺎﻟﺘﲔ ‪ a > 1‬و ‪ a ≤ −1‬اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 83-82 |81 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {29 | 28‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫را‬ ‫ر‬ ‫‪ .2‬درا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪ |3‬ا‪ +$‬ه ‪()$‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
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‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪10 :‬‬ ‫داا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫‪ :03‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫‪u n +1 = au n + b‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ‪ u n +1 = au n + b‬ﻣﻊ ‪a ≠ 0‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺧﻮاص داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ‪x → ax + b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪:‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(31‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 4‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ )‪12‬د(‬

‫‪|1‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ u 0‬اﻟﱵ ﲢﻘﻖ ‪u n +1 = 1, 05u n + 2000‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪|2‬إﺛﺒﺎت أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ وﻻ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|3‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪v n = u n + 40000‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪u n +1 = au n + b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪u n +1 = au n + b‬‬ ‫‪ |3‬درا" ا! ت ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) ‪ (u n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ u n +1 = au n + b ، n ∈ ℕ‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻋﺪدان ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎن و ‪. a ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ أن ) ‪ u n +1 = f (u n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ‪. x ֏ ax + b :‬‬
‫‪.3‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ ودراﺳﺔ ﺗﻘﺎرب ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ )‪15‬د(‬

‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‪a = 1 :‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u1 = 2‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ‪. u n +1 = u n − 3 ، ℕ‬‬
‫∗‬ ‫∗‬

‫• ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮاﺿﺢ أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r = −3‬و ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪. u1 = 2‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ u n = u1 + n − 1 r ، ℕ‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪3n‬‬
‫……………………………‪. u n = 5 −‬‬
‫) ‪n (7 − 3n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫= ‪Sn‬‬ ‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ S n = u1 + u 2 + ... + u n = (u 1 + u n ) ، ℕ‬و ﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ u n +1 −u n = −3 ، ℕ‬و ﻣﻨﻪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫= ‪u0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪َ a ≠ 1 :‬و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫) (‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ∗‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u1 = −3‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪. u n +1 = 2u n + 3 ، ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬دراﺳﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت وﻓﻖ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫• ﺣﺴﺎب اﳊﺪود اﻷوﱃ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻨﺎ‪ u 2 = −3 :‬و ‪ ... ، u 3 = −3‬ﳔﻤﻦ أن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪد ‪10) a‬د(‬

‫• ﻟﻨﺒﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ أﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪. u n = −3 ، ℕ‬‬

‫∗ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪ n = 1‬ﻷن ‪. u1 = −3‬‬
‫∗ ﻧﻔﺮض أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ n ≥ 1‬أي أن ‪ u n = −3‬وﻧﱪﻫﻦ ﺻﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n + 1‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n +1 = 2u n + 3 = 2 (−3) + 3‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ . u n +1 = −3‬إذن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪. n + 1‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺒﺪأ اﻟﱪﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﱰاﺟﻊ‪ ،‬أن اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪ . ℕ‬إذن اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪. S n = −3n‬‬
‫• ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﺪوم ‪ S n = u 1 + u 2 + ... + u n = nu 1 ، n‬و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫≠ ‪u0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪َ a ≠ 1 :‬و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪.v n = u n −‬‬ ‫ﳊﺴﺎب اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم ‪ u n‬و ا‪‬ﻤﻮع ‪ S n = u1 + u 2 + ... + u n‬ﻧﺴﺘﻌﲔ ﺑﺎﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ذات اﳊﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‬
‫‪1− a‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (u n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ∗‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u1 = 1‬و ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ∗‪. u n +1 = 2u n + 3 ، ℕ‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (v n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ∗‪ ℕ‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎم‪.v n = u n + 3 :‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 25-23-21-20 -19:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{45‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫را‬ ‫ر‬ ‫‪ .1‬درا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ا(ﻌ ‪ "' $‬ﻌ ‪ $ %‬ا ‪: f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ * |4‬رب‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺗﻘﺎرب ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﺮاﺟﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪v n =un −‬‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫• ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﻘﺎرب ‪ u n‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ v n‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n‬ﲝﺪﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎم‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪاﻟﺔ )‪15‬د(‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪ab‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪b ‬‬
‫‪v n +1 = u n +1 −‬‬ ‫‪= au n + b −‬‬ ‫‪= au n −‬‬ ‫‪= a u n −‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ = av n . n‬‬
‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫و ﻣﻨﻪ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ v n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ أﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ a‬و ﺣﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪.v 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪. un = v 0 ×an +‬‬ ‫‪ u n = v n +‬ﻓﺈن‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ v n = v 0 × a n ، n‬و ﲟﺎ أن‬
‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫‪1− a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫= ‪ . lim u n‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أن ‪ u n‬ﻣﺘﻘﺎرب ﳓﻮ‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ −1 < a < 1‬ﻓﺈن ‪ lim a n = 0‬و ﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1− a‬‬ ‫∞‪n →+‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪n →+‬‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a > 1‬ﻓﺈن ∞‪ lim a n = +‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ∞‪ lim u n = +‬أو ∞‪ lim u n = −‬و ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺴﺐ إﺷﺎرة ‪v 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪n →+‬‬ ‫∞‪n →+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∞‪n →+‬‬

‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ≤ −1‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ a n‬ﺎﻳﺔ و ﻣﻨﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n‬ﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ أﻧﻪ ﰲ اﳊﺎﻟﺘﲔ ‪ a > 1‬و ‪ a ≤ −1‬اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻤﺎرﻳـــﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴــﻘﻴﺔ‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 83-82 |81 :‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {29 | 28‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫را‬ ‫ر‬ ‫‪ .2‬درا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫ه‬ ‫‪ |3‬ا‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪10 :‬‬ ‫دا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫‪ :03‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت واﻟﻤﺘﺮاﺟﺤﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت واﻟﻤﺘﺮاﺟﺤﺎت ودراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرة ﻋﺒﺎرة ﺟﺒﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺧﻮاص داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ‪ x → ax + b‬وﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ دراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫)‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(31‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ط )‪ 4‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺷﺎرة ﻋﺒﺎرة‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪5x − 10‬‬
‫‪= 0 |3‬‬ ‫‪( 4x − 2 )( x + 1) = 0 |2‬‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﰲ ‪ ℝ‬اﳌﻌﺎدﻻت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪2x − 8 = 0 |1 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x +2‬‬
‫ﺟﺒﺮﻳﺔ )‪12‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ x 2 − 2x = 0 |4‬ﰒ ادرس اﺷﺎرة ﻛﻞ ﻋﺒﺎرة‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ودراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرة ﻋﺒﺎرات ﺟﺒﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ % &' |1‬ل ا ‪ #‬د"ت وا ا ت‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∗‬
‫‪ .1‬دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ ax + b‬ﻣﻊ ‪: b ∈ ℝ ; a ∈ ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ ax + b‬ﳚﺐ إﳚﺎد ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ x‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪) ax + b ≺ 0 /3‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ(‬ ‫‪) ax + b ≻ 0 /2‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ(‬ ‫‪) ax + b = 0 /1‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم(‬
‫‪.3‬دراﺳﺔ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ‬

‫‪ax + b = 0 ⇒ ax = −b‬‬
‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ)‪10‬د(‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت واﻟﻤﺘﺮاﺟﺤﺎت ودراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرة ﻋﺒﺎرة ﺟﺒﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫‪b‬‬
‫‪x =−‬‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ ax + b‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ‬ ‫‪/1‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم إذا وﻓﻘﻂ ﻛﺎن‪ ax + b = 0 :‬وﻣﻨﻪ ‪b‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪⇒x =−‬‬
‫‪a‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫وإﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ ax + b‬ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺈﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ a‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﰲ اﳉﺪول اﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬

‫إﺷﺎرة ‪ax + b‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬ﻋﻜﺲ إﺷﺎرة ‪a‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ إﺷﺎرة ‪a‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :1‬دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة‪. 3x + 4 :‬‬
‫……………………………‬
‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪ 3x + 4 = 0‬ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪ 3x = −4‬وﻣﻨـ ــﻪ ‪x = −‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫إﺷﺎرة ‪ax + b‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ 3x + 4‬ﺗﻠﺨﺺ ﰲ اﳉﺪول اﳌﻮاﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻳﺆول ﺣﻞ ﻣﱰاﺟﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ (a x + b ≥ 0 ) a x + b ≤ 0‬إﱃ دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة ‪. a x + b‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪ ax 2 + bx + c‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪: a ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2.2‬ﺣﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻻت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪: ax 2 + bx + c = 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨﺔ‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﰲ ‪ ℝ‬اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ ax 2 + bx + c = 0‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ . a ≠ 0‬و ∆ ﳑﻴﺰﻫﺎ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪∆ = b 2 − 4ac‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬دراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرة ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬

‫اﳉﺪول أدﻧﺎﻩ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪. ax 2 + bx + c = 0‬‬

‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪ax 2 + bx + c‬‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ ax 2 + bx + c = 0‬ﻫﻲ‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن‬

‫∆ ‪−b −‬‬ ‫∆ ‪−b +‬‬
‫) ‪a ( x − x 1 )( x − x 2‬‬ ‫= ‪x2‬‬ ‫= ‪، x1‬‬ ‫‪∆≻0‬‬
‫‪2a‬‬ ‫‪2a‬‬
‫‪−b‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺮﻫــﻨﺔ‬
‫) ‪a (x − x 1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫= ‪x1 = x 2‬‬
‫‪2a‬‬ ‫‪∆=0‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ ﲢﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة‬ ‫ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪∆≺0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻳﺆول ﺣﻞ ﻣﱰاﺟﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ a x 2 + b x + c ≤ 0 a x 2 + b x + c ≥ 0‬إﱃ دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪.a x 2 +b x +c‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة ‪ a x 2 + b x + c‬ﻧﺘﺒﻊ اﳋﻄﻮات اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫• ﳓﺴﺐ اﳌﻤﻴﺰ ∆ ﰒ ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﲔ اﳉﺬرور إن وﺟﺪت ) ‪ ( ∆ ≥ 0‬ﰒ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ اﻹﺷﺎرة‪.‬‬ ‫•‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫د ت وا را‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إﺷﺎرة ‪a x 2 + b x + c‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ b ، a‬و ‪ c‬أﻋﺪاد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪. a ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة ‪ a x 2 + b x + c‬ﳕﻴﺰ ﺛﻼث ﺣﺎﻻت و ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺴﺐ إﺷﺎرة اﳌﻤﻴﺰ ∆ ﺣﻴﺚ ‪. ∆ = b − 4ac‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪∆<0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ a x + b x + c = 0‬ﺟﺬورا و ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﺷﺎرة ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود )‪15‬د(‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ودراﺳﺔ‬

‫إﺸﺎرة ‪a x 2 + b x + c‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إﺸﺎرة ‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪∆=0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪ x 1 = −‬و ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ a x 2 + b x + c = 0‬ﺟﺬرا ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪x1‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ax 2 + bx + c‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ إﺷﺎرة ‪ 0 a‬ﻧﻔﺲ إﺷﺎرة ‪a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪∆>0‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∆ ‪−b +‬‬ ‫∆ ‪−b −‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ a x 2 + b x + c = 0‬ﺟﺬران ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰان‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫و‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2a‬‬ ‫‪2a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x1‬‬ ‫‪x2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫ﺑﻔﺮض ‪: x 1 ≺ x 2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ax 2 + bx + c‬‬ ‫إﺷﺎرة ‪a‬‬ ‫إﺷﺎرة ‪ 0 a‬ﻋﻜﺲ إﺷﺎرة ‪0 a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة ‪: x 2 + 2x − 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺣﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪x 2 + 2x − 2 = 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪a = 1‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ ∆ = b 2 − 4ac‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ b = 2‬وﻣﻨﻪ ‪∆ = 12‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪c = −2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﲟﺎ أن ‪ ∆ ≻ 0‬ﻓﺎﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ x 2 + 2x − 2 = 0‬ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠﲔ ﳘﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪ x 1 = −b − ∆ = −2 − 4 × 3 = −2 − 2 3 = −1 − 3‬و ‪. x 2 = −1 + 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2a‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻣﻨﻪ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ x 2 + 2x − 2 = 0‬ﻫﻲ‪S = −1 − 3; −1 + 3 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﺷﺎرة ‪ x 2 + 2x − 2‬ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﰲ اﳉﺪول اﳌﻮاﱄ‪ :‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ a ≻ 0‬وﻣﻨﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪−1 − 3‬‬ ‫‪−1 + 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x 2 + 2x − 2‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴ ــﻖ‪:1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أدرس إﺷﺎرة اﻟﻌﺒﺎرات اﳌﻮاﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2x + 3x + 4 | −16x 2 + 8x − 1 | x 2 − x − 6‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 08-07-06 -02:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{60‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫د ت وا را‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫**‬ ‫ه‬ ‫‪ |3‬ا‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.11‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ )‪5‬د(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (a‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≺ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (b‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n ≻ U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (c‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ U n = U n +1‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ ، n‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≺ أو ≻ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ≤ أو ≥ ﻧﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ وﻋﺒﺎرة اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ Zòjîm‰@òîÛbnnß‬ﻧﻘﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ أﻧﻬﺎ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ( أو ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ )ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZòÔíŠ‬ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (U n‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻧﺪرس إﺷﺎرة ‪U n +1 − U n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ (U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ r‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪.12‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ r‬ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎً ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 3 + 4n :‬و ‪v n = 1 − 4n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3.3‬اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≻ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.13‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎت‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ U n‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣ ّﺪﻫﺎ اﻷول ‪ u 0‬وأﺳﺎﺳﻬﺎ ‪ q‬ﲝﻴﺚ ‪ q ≻ 0 ; u 0 ≺ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ 0 ≺ q ≺ 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q = 1‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ q ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ رﺗﻴﺒﺔ )ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة وﻻ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ(‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬أدرس ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‪ u n = 2 ×   :‬و ‪ v n = n‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪: ℕ‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ u n‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ u 0 ⋅ q n‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‪ u 0 = 2 :‬و = ‪q‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪n‬‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ‪ u 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ و ‪ q = ≻ 1‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ u n = 2 ×  ‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣ ًﺎ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫ت ا دد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫‪ .3‬را‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
www.mathonec.com
 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪11 :‬‬ ‫دا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫‪ :03‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤ ـ ـﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳـ]‪[2h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت واﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت واﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺪراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوال واﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪروﺳﺔ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎً )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(51‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 02‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ واﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬
‫ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|1‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ داﻟﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎً‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬ﺟﺪول ﻟﻠﺘﻐﲑ وﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﲑ ﲟﻔﻬﻮم اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ داﻟﺔ واﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫@@‬
‫ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺣﻮل اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎﻗﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1.1‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪:‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺟﺪول ﻳﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪f x‬‬ ‫) (‬ ‫‪ax + b‬‬ ‫‪ n ∈ℕ) x n‬و ‪( n ≥ 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫) ‪f ′(x‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪nx n −1‬‬ ‫‪− 2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫[‪ ]−∞ ; 0‬و‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ‪ .‬اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻟﺪارﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬

‫ﻣﺠﺎﻻت ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‬ ‫‪ℝ‬‬ ‫‪ℝ‬‬ ‫‪ℝ‬‬ ‫‪ℝ‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∞ ‪0; +‬‬ ‫]‬ ‫[‬
‫……………………………‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2.1‬اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ u‬و ‪ v‬داﻟﺘﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬و ‪ k‬ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪u‬‬
‫اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪u +v‬‬ ‫‪ku‬‬ ‫‪u ⋅v‬‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ v‬ﻻ ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻠﻰ ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪v‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪v‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪v1‬‬ ‫‪uv' −v 'u‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ‬ ‫' ‪u ' +v‬‬ ‫‪u 'v +v 'u‬‬ ‫‪− 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫' ‪ku‬‬
‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪v2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) ‪(T‬‬ ‫‪ |3.1‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‪:‬‬
‫داﻟﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ‪ . a‬اﳌﻤﺎس ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪(C f‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ‬

‫)‪f (a‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ) )‪ A( a, f ( a‬ﻫﻮ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) ‪ (T‬اﳌﺎر ب‬

‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪7‬د(‬

‫)‪y = f ' ( a)( x − a ) + f ( a‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﻪ ) ‪f ' ( a‬‬

‫‪a‬‬
‫وﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﻪ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫وﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫) ‪(C f‬‬
‫‪ |4.1‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨ ــﺔ‪ f :‬داﻟﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﳏﺘﻮى ﰲ ‪. Df‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ f ' ( x ) ≻ 0 : I‬ﻓﺈن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﲤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .6‬اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ وإﺷﺎرة اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪f ' (x ) ≺ 0 I‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﲤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ‪:‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪7‬د(‬

‫‪I‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫'‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪( x ) = 0 : I‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫• إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﲢﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻐﲑا‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪ I‬وﻻ ﺗﻐﲑ إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺎن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫'‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا اﻧﻌﺪﻣﺖ‬

‫@@‬
‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 27-25-22-20-18-15-13:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{62‬ـﺔ‬
‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ت وا ه ا‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ f :‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻣﻦ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫إذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺈن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ '' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫وإذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺎن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬وﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ''' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺪوال ' ‪ ...., f ( ) ....., f ''' , f '' , f‬اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:1‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪ ، f ( x ) = x 4 :‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ‪ n‬ﻣﺮة واﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f ( 4) ( x ) = 24 ، f (3) ( x ) = 24x ، f '' ( x ) = 12x 2 ، f ' ( x ) = 4x 3‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n ≥ 5‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪. f ( n ) ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق – اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1.3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺟﺪول ﻳﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﲑات اﳊﺪود ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬واﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳ ــﻦ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ وﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﰒ ﻋﲔ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬اﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪2x 2 − x + 1‬‬
‫‪g (x ) = 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|2‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = 2x 3 + 5x −1 |1‬‬
‫‪x + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪k ( x ) = x 2 sin x |4‬‬ ‫‪h (x ) = 2‬‬ ‫‪|3‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x −x +3‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻣﻨ ــﻪ ‪f ( x ) = 6x 2 + 5‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪َ x ≠ 0‬و ‪ x ≠ −3‬وﻣﻨﻪ }‪ Dg = ℝ − {0, −3‬وﲟﺎ أن ‪ g‬داﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Dg‬وﻣﻦ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ Dg‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫= ) ‪g ' (x‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫‪( 4x −1) x 2 + 3x − ( 2x + 3) 2x 2 − x + 1 7x 2 − 2x − 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫=‬
‫)‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |4‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن ‪ x → x 2‬و ‪ x → sin x‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ x → x 2 sin x‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪k ' ( x ) = 2x sin x + x 2 cos x :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-19-15-10-08-07-05 -03:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{75-74‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪12 :‬‬ ‫ود‬ ‫ات ا‬ ‫‪ :04‬ا وال‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ دوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ وﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ ودراﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ وﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮاﺗﻬﺎ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(68‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 01‬ا‬
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‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|1‬ﲤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ )‪10‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ وﻓﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ دون اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ا‪‬ﺪول‬
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‫@@‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﺴﻤﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﱃ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ب‪f ( x ) = ax + b :‬‬
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‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪َ a‬و ‪ b‬ﻋﺪدان ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎن ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺎن ﻣﻊ ‪. a ≠ 0‬‬
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‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮاﺗﻬﺎ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ f ( x ) = ax + b‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪) a ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ( ﻓﺎن ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﲤﺎﻣﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ دوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ وﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪) a ≻ 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ( ﻓﺎن ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪة ﲤﺎﻣﺎ‪.‬‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪) a = 0‬ﻣﻌﺪوم ( ﻓﺎن ‪ f‬ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫……………………………‬ ‫‪.3‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬
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‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫ﲤﺜﻴﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ درﺟﺔ ‪ f x = ax + b :1‬ﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪D‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات‬

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‫ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫) ‪(D‬‬
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‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ذات ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ‪ a‬وﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ B 0;b‬وﻫﻲ اﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ إﱃ اﳌﺒﺪأ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫) (‬
‫و ‪ y = ax + b‬ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪. D‬‬
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‫اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪ x‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻣﻊ ﳏﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ) ‪ ( x x‬ﰲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﱵ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺘﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪′‬‬ ‫‪ f ( x ) = 0‬ﻳﻌﲏ ‪ 3x − 2 = 0‬أي‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ f ( 0 ) = −2‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻣﻊ ﳏﻮر اﻟﱰاﺗﻴﺐ ) ‪ ( y ′y‬ﰲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﻬﺎ ‪. −2‬‬
‫‪.4‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎت داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪ lim ( ax + b ) = lim ( ax‬و ) ‪lim ( ax + b ) = lim ( ax‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫و ﻫﻜﺬا ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ) a ≻ 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ( ﻓﺈن‪ lim ( ax + b ) = +∞ :‬و ∞‪lim ( ax + b ) = −‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬

‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ) a ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ( ﻓﺈن‪ lim ( ax + b ) = −∞ :‬و ∞‪lim ( ax + b ) = +‬‬
‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬
‫)‪7‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫∞‪ lim ( 4x − 5) = lim ( 4x ) = +‬و ∞‪lim ( 4x − 5) = lim ( 4x ) = −‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫∞‪ lim ( −x + 4 ) = lim ( −x ) = −‬و ∞‪lim ( −x + 4 ) = lim ( −x ) = +‬‬

‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪f ( x ) = −5x + 2 :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‪:‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 11-10-04:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{80‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ا و‬ ‫رات ا دود ن ا در‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا دوال‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ f :‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻣﻦ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫إذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺈن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ '' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫وإذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺎن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬وﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ''' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺪوال ' ‪ ...., f ( ) ....., f ''' , f '' , f‬اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪ ، f ( x ) = x 4 :‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ‪ n‬ﻣﺮة واﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f ( 4) ( x ) = 24 ، f (3) ( x ) = 24x ، f '' ( x ) = 12x 2 ، f ' ( x ) = 4x 3‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n ≥ 5‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪. f ( n ) ( x ) = 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق – اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1.3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺟﺪول ﻳﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﲑات اﳊﺪود ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬واﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳ ــﻦ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ وﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﰒ ﻋﲔ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬اﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪2x 2 − x + 1‬‬
‫‪g (x ) = 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|2‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = 2x 3 + 5x −1 |1‬‬
‫‪x + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪k ( x ) = x 2 sin x |4‬‬ ‫‪h (x ) = 2‬‬ ‫‪|3‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x −x +3‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻣﻨ ــﻪ ‪f ( x ) = 6x 2 + 5‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪َ x ≠ 0‬و ‪ x ≠ −3‬وﻣﻨﻪ }‪ Dg = ℝ − {0, −3‬وﲟﺎ أن ‪ g‬داﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Dg‬وﻣﻦ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ Dg‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫= ) ‪g ' (x‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫‪( 4x −1) x 2 + 3x − ( 2x + 3) 2x 2 − x + 1 7x 2 − 2x − 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫=‬
‫)‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |4‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن ‪ x → x 2‬و ‪ x → sin x‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ x → x 2 sin x‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪k ' ( x ) = 2x sin x + x 2 cos x :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-19-15-10-08-07-05 -03:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{75-74‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪13 :‬‬ ‫ود‬ ‫ات ا‬ ‫‪ :04‬ا وال‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ دوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ ودراﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ وﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮاﺗﻬﺎ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(68‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 02‬ا‬
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‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|1‬ﲤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ )‪10‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﻓﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ دون اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ا‪‬ﺪول‬
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‫@@‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﺴﻤﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ب‪f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪َ a‬و ‪ c ، b‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻋﺪاد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪. a ≠ 0‬‬
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‫‪.2‬اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮاﺗﻬﺎ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪f ( x ) = ax + bx + c‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻳﻜﻔﻲ دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﳍﺎ ' ‪f‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ دوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬

‫‪f‬‬ ‫'‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪( x ) = 2ax + b‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎت داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪ lim ax 2 + bx + c = lim ax 2‬و ‪lim ax 2 + bx + c = lim ax 2‬‬
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‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫……………………………‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫و ﻫﻜﺬا ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ) a ≻ 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ( ﻓﺈن‪ lim ax + bx + c = +∞ :‬و ∞‪lim ax + bx + c = +‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬
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‫∞‪x →−‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ) a ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ( ﻓﺈن‪ lim ax 2 + bx + c = −∞ :‬و ∞‪lim ax 2 + bx + c = −‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬
‫)‪7‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫∞‪ lim 2x 2 − x + 4 = lim 2x 2 = +‬و ∞‪lim 2x 2 − x + 4 = lim 2x 2 = +‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬
‫)‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪ lim −7x + 8x = lim −7x 2 = −‬و ∞‪lim −7x + 8x = lim −7x = −‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫‪lim ( x − x ) = lim ( x‬‬ ‫َو ∞‪) = +‬‬ ‫∞‪lim ( x − x ) = lim ( x ) = +‬‬

‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫‪.4‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪f ( x ) = 2x − 4x − 6 :‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﳝﻜﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻨﻘﻂ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة‪.‬‬
‫∗ ‪ 2x − 4x − 6 = 0‬ﻳﻌﲏ ‪ x = −1‬أو ‪ x = 3‬و ﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) ‪(C‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1 0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ﳏﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ) ‪ ( x ′x‬ﰲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﲔ اﻟﻠﺘﲔ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺘﺎﳘﺎ )‪ ( −1‬و ‪. 2‬‬

‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪-4‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬

‫∗ ‪ . f ( 0 ) = −6‬ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) ‪ (C‬ﻣﻊ ) ‪ ( y ′y‬ﰲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﻬﺎ ‪. −6‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-6‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-7‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪-8‬‬
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‫‪-9‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪f ( x ) = 2x 2 − 4x − 6 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 11-10-04:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{80‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ا‬ ‫رات ا دود ن ا در‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا دوال‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ f :‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻣﻦ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫إذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺈن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ '' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫وإذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺎن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬وﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ''' ‪. f‬‬
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‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺪوال ' ‪ ...., f ( ) ....., f ''' , f '' , f‬اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:1‬‬
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‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪ ، f ( x ) = x 4 :‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ‪ n‬ﻣﺮة واﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ f ( 4) ( x ) = 24 ، f (3) ( x ) = 24x ، f '' ( x ) = 12x 2 ، f ' ( x ) = 4x 3‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n ≥ 5‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪. f ( n ) ( x ) = 0‬‬
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‫‪ |3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق – اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1.3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬ﺟﺪول ﻳﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﲑات اﳊﺪود ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬واﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳ ــﻦ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ وﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﰒ ﻋﲔ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬اﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪2x 2 − x + 1‬‬
‫‪g (x ) = 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|2‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = 2x 3 + 5x −1 |1‬‬
‫‪x + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪k ( x ) = x 2 sin x |4‬‬ ‫‪h (x ) = 2‬‬ ‫‪|3‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x −x +3‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻣﻨ ــﻪ ‪f ( x ) = 6x 2 + 5‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪َ x ≠ 0‬و ‪ x ≠ −3‬وﻣﻨﻪ }‪ Dg = ℝ − {0, −3‬وﲟﺎ أن ‪ g‬داﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Dg‬وﻣﻦ‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ Dg‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫= ) ‪g ' (x‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫‪( 4x −1) x 2 + 3x − ( 2x + 3) 2x 2 − x + 1 7x 2 − 2x − 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫=‬
‫)‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |4‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن ‪ x → x 2‬و ‪ x → sin x‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ x → x 2 sin x‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪k ' ( x ) = 2x sin x + x 2 cos x :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-19-15-10-08-07-05 -03:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{75-74‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2011‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪14 :‬‬ ‫ود‬ ‫ات ا‬ ‫‪ :04‬ا وال‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳـ]‪[1h‬ـﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ دوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ وﺗﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻹﻧﻌﻄﺎف‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ ودراﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮات اﻟﺤﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
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‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﺮاﺗﻬﺎ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رح(‬ ‫ط)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪ f ( x ) = x 3 − 3x − 2 :‬وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) ‪ (C f‬ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ وﻣﺘﺠﺎﻧﺲ‪.‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻋﲔ ‪‬ﺎﻳﱵ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ∞‪َ +‬و ∞‪−‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪ .2‬أدرس اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ ، f‬ﰒ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺪول ﺗﻐﲑا‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ )‪10‬د(‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﲔ أﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪f ( x ) = ( x − 2 )( x + 1) :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

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‫اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ إﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻣﻊ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﳏﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬أرﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪(C f‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ اﲡﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﲑ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮاﺗﻬﺎ )‪8‬د(‬

‫@@‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ‬

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‫‪.1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﺴﻤﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ب‪f ( x ) = ax + bx + cx + d :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪َ a‬و ‪َ c ، b‬و ‪ d‬أﻋﺪاد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪. a ≠ 0‬‬

‫‪.2‬اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ دوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ وﺗﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف‬

‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪f ( x ) = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d‬‬

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‫ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻳﻜﻔﻲ دراﺳﺔ إﺷﺎرة اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﳍﺎ ' ‪f‬‬
‫……………………………‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪f ' x = 3ax 2 + 2bx + c‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.3‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎت داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪:‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
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‫) (‬
‫‪ lim ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = lim ax 3‬و ‪lim ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = lim ax 3‬‬
‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬
‫)‪7‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬
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‫و ﻫﻜﺬا ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬
‫(‬
‫و ∞‪lim ax + bx + cx + d = −‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‬‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫(‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ) a ≻ 0‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ( ﻓﺈن‪lim ax + bx + cx + d = +∞ :‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a ) a ≺ 0‬ﺳﺎﻟﺐ( ﻓﺈن‪ lim ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = −∞ :‬و ∞‪lim ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = +‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪َ x →+‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪lim ( x − 4x + 4 ) = lim ( x‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫∞‪َ lim ( x − 4x + 4 ) = lim ( x ) = +‬و ∞‪) = −‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫∞‪lim ( −12x − x + 5x − 1) = lim ( −12x ) = −‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﻴﺮات‬

‫و ∞‪lim ( −12x − x + 5x − 1) = lim ( −12x ) = +‬‬

‫ﺣﺪود ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ ( a ≠ 0 ) f : x ֏ ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d‬ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺘﻬﺎ ‪ x 0‬ﲝﻴﺚ‬

‫أن ‪ x 0‬ﻫﻲ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪ f ′′‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ‪َ f :1‬و ‪ g‬داﻟﺘﲔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪َ f ( x ) = x 3 + x + 1 :‬و ‪ g ( x ) = x 3‬وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) ‪َ (C f‬و ‪ C g‬ﲤﺜﻴﻼﳘﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ (1‬أﺣﺴﺐ ‪‬ﺎﻳﱵ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﲔ ‪ f‬و ‪ g‬ﻋﻨﺪ ∞‪ +‬و ∞‪−‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ (2‬أﺛﺒﺖ أن اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﲔ ‪َ f‬و ‪ g‬ﻣﺘﺰاﻳﺪﺗﺎن ﲤﺎﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪ (3‬أﳒﺰ ﺟﺪول ﺗﻐﲑات ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪َ f‬و ‪g‬‬
‫ﻋﲔ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﲔ ) ‪َ (C f‬و ) ‪. (C g‬‬ ‫‪(4‬‬
‫‪ (5‬أرﺳﻢ ) ‪َ (C f‬و ) ‪ (C g‬ﰲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 17-16-15-13:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{80‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ا‬ ‫رات ا دود ن ا در‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا دوال‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ f :‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻣﻦ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫إذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺈن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ '' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫وإذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺎن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬وﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ''' ‪. f‬‬
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‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺪوال ' ‪ ...., f ( ) ....., f ''' , f '' , f‬اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:1‬‬
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‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪ ، f ( x ) = x 4 :‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ‪ n‬ﻣﺮة واﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f ( 4) ( x ) = 24 ، f (3) ( x ) = 24x ، f '' ( x ) = 12x 2 ، f ' ( x ) = 4x 3‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n ≥ 5‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪. f ( n ) ( x ) = 0‬‬
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‫‪ |3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق – اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1.3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬ﺟﺪول ﻳﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﲑات اﳊﺪود ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬واﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳ ــﻦ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ وﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﰒ ﻋﲔ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬اﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪2x 2 − x + 1‬‬
‫‪g (x ) = 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|2‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = 2x 3 + 5x −1 |1‬‬
‫‪x + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪k ( x ) = x 2 sin x |4‬‬ ‫‪h (x ) = 2‬‬ ‫‪|3‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x −x +3‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻞ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ |1‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻣﻨ ــﻪ ‪f ( x ) = 6x 2 + 5‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪َ x ≠ 0‬و ‪ x ≠ −3‬وﻣﻨﻪ }‪ Dg = ℝ − {0, −3‬وﲟﺎ أن ‪ g‬داﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Dg‬وﻣﻦ‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ Dg‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫= ) ‪g ' (x‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫‪( 4x −1) x 2 + 3x − ( 2x + 3) 2x 2 − x + 1 7x 2 − 2x − 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫=‬
‫)‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |4‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن ‪ x → x 2‬و ‪ x → sin x‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ x → x 2 sin x‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪k ' ( x ) = 2x sin x + x 2 cos x :‬‬
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‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-19-15-10-08-07-05 -03:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{75-74‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
www.mathonec.com
 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪15 :‬‬ ‫‪ :05‬ا وال ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ داﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺪراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻘﻠﻮب‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻣﻘﻠﻮب وﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رح(‬ ‫ط)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2x + 2‬‬
‫= ) ‪ f ( x‬وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) ‪ (C f‬ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ وﻣﺘﺠﺎﻧﺲ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻧﻌﺘﱪ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑ ـ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪x − 15‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ داﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﰒ اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﺪود ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ )‪10‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻋﲔ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﺔ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ‬
‫‪ .3‬أرﺳﻢ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﺔ َو اﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪ (C f‬ﰲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ‪‬ﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |1‬اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ax + b‬‬
‫= ) ‪ f ( x‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ d , c , b , a‬أﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ‪c ≠ 0‬‬ ‫‪ :‬ﻧﺴﻤﻲ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ب‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫‪cx‬‬ ‫‪+d‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم داﻟﺔ ﺗﺂﻟﻔﻴﺔ وﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫و ‪ad − bc ≠ 0‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ )‪8‬د(‬

‫‪‬‬ ‫‪  d‬‬ ‫‪‬‬

‫اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ −  − ‬أي‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬
‫‪D f =  −∞, −‬‬ ‫‪ ∪  − c , +∞ ‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ c‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ داﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪ !".2‬ت دا‬

‫‪ax + b‬‬
‫= ) ‪َ f ( x‬و ‪ c ≠ 0‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺒﺮﻫﻨﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫‪cx + d‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫…………………………… ( ‪lim f‬‬
‫= ) ‪َ lim f ( x‬و = ) ‪x‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺎت داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪود‬

‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ ‪ g‬ﻋﻨﺪ ∞‪ +‬أو ∞‪ −‬ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ اﳊﺪ ذات اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷﻛﱪ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺴﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳉﺪ ذات اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻷﻛﱪ ﺑﺎﳌﻘﺎم‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ )‪7‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ 1 ‬‬ ‫‪ 1 ‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪َ lim‬و ∞‪= −‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪= +∞ ، lim‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪= −∞ ، lim‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻌﺮف‪  = +∞ :‬‬
‫‪x → a  x − a ‬‬ ‫‪x → a  x − a ‬‬ ‫‪x → 0  x ‬‬ ‫‪x → 0  x ‬‬
‫≺‬ ‫≻‬ ‫≺‬ ‫≻‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺐ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ a‬ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) ‪ ( D‬ذو اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ x = a‬ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻳﻮازي ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻰ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫∞‪ lim f ( x ) = +‬أو ∞‪lim f ( x ) = −‬‬
‫‪x →a‬‬ ‫‪x →a‬‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ∞‪ lim f ( x ) = +‬ﻓﺎن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪ُ (C f‬ﳛﺼﺮ ﰲ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ x = a‬ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ‪x‬‬
‫‪x →a‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻗﺪر اﻹﻣﻜﺎن ﻣﻦ ‪. a‬‬

‫واﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻨﻬﺎ )‪15‬د(‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ |3‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرب اﻟﻤﻮازي ﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ b‬ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) ∆ ( ذو اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ y = b‬ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻳﻮازي ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻰ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = b‬‬ ‫أو‬ ‫‪lim f ( x ) = b‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫‪ ( xlim‬ﻓﺎن اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) ∆ ( ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ y = b‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب‬

‫∞‪→−‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪) lim f ( x ) = b‬أو ‪f ( x ) = b‬‬
‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻳﻮازي ﳏﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 08-06-03-01:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{98‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا دوال ا ظر‬
 ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ f :‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﺎل ‪ I‬ﻣﻦ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫إذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺈن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ '' ‪. f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫) (‬
‫'‬
‫وإذا ﻗﺒﻠﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ I‬ﻓﺎن داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ '' ‪ f‬ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬وﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ ''' ‪. f‬‬
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‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺪوال ' ‪ ...., f ( ) ....., f ''' , f '' , f‬اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪f‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:1‬‬
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‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬ﺑ ـ‪ ، f ( x ) = x 4 :‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ‪ n‬ﻣﺮة واﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ f ( 4) ( x ) = 24 ، f (3) ( x ) = 24x ، f '' ( x ) = 12x 2 ، f ' ( x ) = 4x 3‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ‪ n ≥ 5‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪. f ( n ) ( x ) = 0‬‬
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‫‪ |3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق – اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‪:‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |1.3‬ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬ﺟﺪول ﻳﻠﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫اﻟﺪوال ﻛﺜﲑات اﳊﺪود ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬واﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳ ــﻦ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ داﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪوال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﲔ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ وﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﰒ ﻋﲔ داﻟﺘﻬﺎ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬اﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺎت‬

‫‪2x 2 − x + 1‬‬
‫‪g (x ) = 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|2‬‬ ‫‪f ( x ) = 2x 3 + 5x −1 |1‬‬
‫‪x + 3x‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪k ( x ) = x 2 sin x |4‬‬ ‫‪h (x ) = 2‬‬ ‫‪|3‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x −x +3‬‬

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‫‪ |1‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻫﻲ داﻟﺔ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺣﺪود ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻣﻨ ــﻪ ‪f ( x ) = 6x 2 + 5‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ |2‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ g‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ إذا وﻓﻘﻂ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬‬
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‫‪ x 2 + 3x ≠ 0‬ﻳﻜﺎﻓﺊ ‪َ x ≠ 0‬و ‪ x ≠ −3‬وﻣﻨﻪ }‪ Dg = ℝ − {0, −3‬وﲟﺎ أن ‪ g‬داﻟﺔ ﻧﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Dg‬وﻣﻦ‬
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‫= ) ‪g ' (x‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬
‫‪( 4x −1) x 2 + 3x − ( 2x + 3) 2x 2 − x + 1 7x 2 − 2x − 3‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫=‬
‫)‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬ ‫‪x 2 + 3x‬‬
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‫‪ |4‬اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن ‪ x → x 2‬و ‪ x → sin x‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن وﻗﺎﺑﻠﺘﺎن ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ℝ‬وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪ x → x 2 sin x‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪k ' ( x ) = 2x sin x + x 2 cos x :‬‬
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‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-19-15-10-08-07-05 -03:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{75-74‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬ا‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
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‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
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‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
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‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪16 :‬‬ ‫‪ :05‬ا وال ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 2 :‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎً‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪرس اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ وﺣﺴﺎب‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رح(‬ ‫ط)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x +2‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫= ) ‪ g ( x‬و ‪ C g‬ﲤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﻣﻨﺴﻮب إﱃ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ وﻣﺘﺠﺎﻧﺲ ‪. o , i , j‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪ g‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑـ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪ .1‬أدرس ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ . g‬أﺣﺴﺐ ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ ‪ g‬ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪود ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ )‪10‬د(‬
‫) (‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻋﲔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻤﺎس ) ‪ (T‬ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪ C g‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ‪. −1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﻋﲔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﺔ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ .4‬أرﺳﻢ ‪َ C g‬و ) ‪. (T‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺧﻄﻮات دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ وﲤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎً‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ وﺣﺴﺎب‬

‫دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ وﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬

‫‪x +2‬‬
‫= ) ‪. g (x‬‬ ‫‪|1‬دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻐﲑات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت)‪7‬د(‬

‫‪x‬‬
‫ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪D g = ℝ − {0} = ]−∞,0[ ∪ ]0, +∞[ :‬‬
‫ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت‪:‬‬
‫‪x +2‬‬ ‫‪x +2‬‬
‫‪lim g ( x ) = lim ‬‬ ‫‪َ lim g ( x ) = lim ‬و ‪= 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ =1‬‬
‫∞‪x →−‬‬ ‫∞‪x →−‬‬
‫‪ x ‬‬
‫……………………………‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬
‫‪ x ‬‬
‫‪x +2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x +2‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪َ lim‬و ∞‪= −‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫≺‬ ‫≻‬
‫∞‪= +‬‬
‫‪x ‬‬ ‫‪→0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪→0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪x − ( x + 2 ) −2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫= ) ‪f '(x‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ‪= 2 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻘﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬

‫‪x2‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪول اﻟﺘﻐﲑات‪:‬‬
‫ﲟﺎ أن ‪ −22 ≺ 0‬ﻓﺈن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﲤﺎﻣﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ‪D g‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫) ‪g '( x‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫) ‪g (x‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪|2‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) ‪ (T‬ﳑﺎس اﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪ (C g‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪. −1‬‬
‫) ‪y = g ' ( −1)( x + 1) + g (1 −‬‬
‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺎس وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ )‪15‬د(‬

‫‪= −2 x − 2 − 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) ‪ (T‬ﻫﻲ ‪y = −2x − 3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪|3‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﺔ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﲟﺎ أن ∞‪َ lim g ( x ) = +‬و ∞‪ lim g ( x ) = −‬ﻓﺎن اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ x = 0‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻳﻮازي ﳏﻮر‬
‫≺‬ ‫≻‬
‫‪x ‬‬
‫‪→0‬‬ ‫‪x ‬‬
‫‪→0‬‬

‫اﻟﱰاﺗﻴﺐ‬
‫ﲟﺎ أن ‪َ lim g ( x ) = 1‬و ‪ lim g ( x ) = 1‬ﻓﺎن اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ y = 1‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻳﻮازي ﳏﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ‬
‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ا دوال ا ظر‬ ‫‪ .1‬درا‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪|4‬ﲤﺜﻴﻞ ) ∆ ( َو ) ‪. (C f‬‬
‫) ‪(T‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪Cg‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ )‪15‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪Cg‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪@@Zòßbç@òÄyýß‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪ax + b‬‬
‫֏ ‪ f : x‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎً زاﺋﺪاً ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﻪ اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﲔ ﳘﺎ‪َ y = :‬و ‪x = −‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪cx + d‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫م(‬ ‫ص‬ ‫دا )‬ ‫طط درا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻧﺘﺒﻊ اﳋﻄﻮات اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ وﻓﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ ﺷﻔﻌﻴﻪ أو دورﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺺ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ دراﺳﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫رﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬دراﺳﺔ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫ﺣﺴﺎب اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎﻻت اﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‬
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‫دراﺳﺔ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ واﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج اﲡﺎﻩ اﻟﺘﻐﲑ‬
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‫‪ .5‬ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺟﺪول ﺗﻐﻴﺮات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪) .‬ﺗﻠﺨﻴﺺ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﲑ ﰲ ﺟﺪول(‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪ .6‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫• رﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬
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‫• ﲤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻂ اﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪة‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻘﻂ اﳊﺪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤﲎ ﻣﻊ ﳏﻮري اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‪.‬‬
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‫• رﺳﻢ اﳌﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﳊﺪﻳﺔ وأﺧﺮى ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﰲ اﻟﻨﺺ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺸﻔﻌﻴﺔ داﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺸﻔﻌﻴﺔ داﻟﺔ وﻣﻔﻬﻮم داﻟﺔ‬

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‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‪ :‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ D f‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ، ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫زوﺟﻴﺔ أو ﻓﺮدﻳﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬
‫• ﻧﻘﻮل أن ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ زوﺟﻴﺔ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ D f‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ ‪ 0‬وﻛﺎن ﻟﻜﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪. f −x = f x : D‬‬
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‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬
‫• ﻧﻘﻮل أن ‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻓﺮدﻳﺔ إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ D f‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ إﱃ ‪ 0‬وﻛﺎن ﻟﻜﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪. f −x = −f x : D‬‬
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‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-17-16 |15:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{100|99‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫ا دوال ا ظر‬ ‫‪ .2‬درا‬
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‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
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‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
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‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
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‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
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‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
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‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪17 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :06‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﺮدات َوﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴــﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ واﻟﺘﻌﺎرﻳﻒ واﻟﺘﺮ ﻣﻴﺰات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﻔﻬﻮم اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻨﻬﺎﻳﺎت داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬
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‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫واﻟﺘﺮﻣﻴﺰات )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
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‫‪(106‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 1‬ا‬
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‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﲑ ﲟﻔﻬﻮم اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬
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‫ﻣﻔﺮدات وﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴـــﻢ‬
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‫‪ Z1ÑíŠÈm‬إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ أي ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﳑﻜﻨﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫‪ Z2ÑíŠÈm‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻫﻲ ﻛﻞ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ب‪. Ω :‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬

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‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴ ــﻢ )‪10‬د(‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد ﻫﻲ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻬﺎ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻷوﺟﻪ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ أي‪Ω = 1, 2,3, 4,5, 6 :‬‬
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‫‪ Zòq…b§a@ÑíŠÈm‬ﻫﻲ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ أي ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ اﳋﺎﺻﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ A :‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻓﺮدي" ﻋﻨﺪ رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد وﻣﻨﻪ‪A = 1;3;5 :‬‬
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‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ وﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬

‫‪@@Zò•b¨a@t…aì§a‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ‪ Ω‬أي ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﳌﻤﻜﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ا‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﳋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ∅ ﺑﺪون إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫}‪{5} ;{6‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺤﻮادث وﺧﻮاﺻﻬﺎ‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ واﺣﺪة )ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ أﺣﺎدﻳﺔ(‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ‪ :‬رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد‪:‬‬
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‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎدﺛﺘﲔ‪ ،‬رﻣﺰﻩ‪A ∩ B :‬‬ ‫‪ Z´nq…by@ÉbÔm‬ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﲔ ‪ A‬و‪ B‬ﻫﻮ ﳎﻤﻮع اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﳌﺸﱰﻛﺔ‬
‫……………………………‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬ﰲ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬
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‫‪ A‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻢ زوﺟﻲ" ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪A = 2; 4;6 :‬‬
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‫} {‬
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‫‪ B‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ "3‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪B = 3;6 :‬‬
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‫}{‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮل ‪ A ∩ B‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ" اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻋﺪد زوﺟﻲ وﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد‪. A ∩ B = 6 :3‬‬
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‫‪@@ZHæbnàöýnß@ËI@æbnÜ–Ðä½a@æbnq…b§a‬‬
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‫ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﲔ ﻻ ﺗﺸﱰﻛﺎن ﰲ أي ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﲔ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﲔ وﻧﻜﺘﺐ‪A ∩ B = ∅ :‬‬
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‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪ A‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻓﺮدي" ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪A = {1;3;5} :‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﺤﻮادث اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻛﺴﺔ واﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ‬

‫‪ B‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ‪ "4‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪B = {4} :‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ )‪10‬د(‬

‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪ A ∩ B = ∅ :‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ‪ A‬و‪ B‬ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﺎن‪.‬‬

‫‪@Z´nq…by@…b¤g‬إﲢﺎد ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﲔ ‪ A‬و‪ B‬ﻫﻮ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﳌﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪ A‬أو ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪ B‬رﻣﺰﻩ‪A ∪ B :‬‬
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‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ :‬ﻋﻨﺪ رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
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‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫‪ A‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ زوﺟﻲ" ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪A = 2; 4;6 :‬‬
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‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫‪ B‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ أﻛﱪ أو ﻳﺴﺎوي اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ "3‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪B = 3; 4;5;6 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪. A ∪ B = {2;3; 4;5;6} :‬‬

‫‪@@ZòŽ×bȽa@òq…b§a‬‬
‫اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﳌﻌﺎﻛﺴﺔ ﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﳎﻤﻮع اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ إﱃ ‪ A‬وﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺰ‪ A :‬ﺗﻘﺮأ‪" :‬ﻻ ‪"A‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ‪ :‬ﰲ ﲡﺮﺑﺔ رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد‪ A :‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ "اﳊﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻓﺮدي" ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ A = {1;3;5} :‬ﻓﺘﻜﻮن اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﳌﻌﺎﻛﺴﺔ‬
‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫{‬ ‫}‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ردات ا‬ ‫‪ .1‬ذ ر‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﺑﺔ )‪15‬د(‬

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‫‪ .8‬ﻣﺨﻄﻂ دراﺳﺔ داﻟﺔ وﻓﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‬

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‫رﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ)‪8‬د(‬

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‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺸﻔﻌﻴﺔ داﻟﺔ وﻣﻔﻬﻮم داﻟﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫زوﺟﻴﺔ أو ﻓﺮدﻳﺔ )‪8‬د(‬

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‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 20-17-16 |15:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{100|99‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫ا دوال ا ظر‬ ‫‪ .2‬درا‬
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‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
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‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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 ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺮي ‪2012‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪18 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :06‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻨﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﻔﻬﻮم اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻔﺮدات وﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪.1‬‬
‫واﻟﺘﺮﻣﻴﺰات )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪(106‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 2‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﺗﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﺮدات وﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴـــﻢ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪@@ZÞbànyüa@æìãbÓ@N1‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ذات ‪ n‬إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ أي‪ ، Ω = x 1 , x 2 ..........x n :‬ﻧﻌﺮف ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ‪ P‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ E‬ﺑﺈرﻓﺎق ﻛﻞ إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪ x i‬ﺑﻌﺪد ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ‪ Pi‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻷﻋﺪاد ‪ Pi‬ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪.1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ :‬وﻧﻘﺮأ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ Pi‬ﻫﻮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﻗﻮع اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪. x i‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ZÞbànyüa@ðëbŽm@æìãbÓ@N2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ذات ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت وإذا ﻛﺎن ﻟﻜﻞ اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻧﻔﺲ اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻮل أن ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻨﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‬

‫ﻣﺘﺴﺎوي اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ أو ﻣﺘﺴﺎوي اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‪.‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ n‬ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ ، Ω‬ﻓﺈن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﻗﻮع ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ‪ x i‬ﻣﻦ ‪ Ω‬ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪. Pi‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺧﻮاص وﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻟﺘﺴﺎوي‬

‫‪n‬‬
‫اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ ZpbÄyýß‬ﻫﻨﺎك ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﺑﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺎوي اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫……………………………ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻧﺮﻣﻲ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻮازﻧﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• ﻧﺮﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ ﻧﺮد ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺰﻳﻒ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• اﻟﻜﺮات أو اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺼﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻻ ﻧﻔﺮق ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻤﺲ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪ :‬رﻣﻲ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻮازﻧﺔ ﻳﻌﻄﻲ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﺼﻮرة أو اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪. 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺰﻳﻒ ﺑﻪ ‪ 6‬أوﺟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻄﻲ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﺣﺪ اﻷوﺟﻪ ﻫﻮ ‪1‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪@ZHLaplaceI@÷ýiü@òíŠÄã‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ } ‪ Ω = {x 1 , x 2 ..........x n‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‪. p : x i → p i :‬‬
‫‪.5‬ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔة ﻻﺑﻼس وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﺴﺎوي اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬و ‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ ، Ω‬ﻓﺎن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ‪ A‬ﻳﺴﺎوي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻋﺪد‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪. Ω‬‬

‫‪a …………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫= ) ‪. p (A‬‬
‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ a‬ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬و ‪ n‬ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻓﺎن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ‪ A‬ﻳﻌﻄﻰ ب‪:‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‪ : p ( A ) :‬اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ذات ‪ a‬إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ : n‬ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬و ‪ a‬ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪. A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪ (1 :‬رﻣﻲ زﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﺮد ﻳﻌﻄﻲ‪Ω = {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6,} :‬‬
‫‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ" اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ رﻗﻤﻪ ﻋﺪد زوﺟﻲ" أي‪A = {2, 4, 6} :‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ون ا‬ ‫‪ .1‬ذ ر‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3 1‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮل اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ‪ / p A = = :‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻫﻮ ‪ 6‬وﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ‪.3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪6 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ‪ 20‬وﻟﺪ و‪ 12‬ﺑﻨﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪5 20‬‬
‫أي‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﻟﺪ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪8 32‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪Bòq…by@Þbànya@N‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ذات ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل و‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻓﺎن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ذات اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‪ A = x 1 , x 2 , x 3 :‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫)‪15‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ‪P A = p x 1 + p x 2 + p x 3 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪Z˜aìN3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫• اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪم‪. P ∅ = 0 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪. P Ω = 1 :1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪P A ∪B = P A +P B −P A ∩B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﺈن‪. P A ∪ B = P A + P B :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺧﻮاص وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬و ‪ A‬اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب‪P A = 1 − P A :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻮل أن‪:‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∅ اﳉﺰء اﳋﺎﱄ‬ ‫‪ A‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∅= ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪--‬‬ ‫‪ A‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪A =Ω‬‬
‫‪--‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪ a‬ﲢﻘﻖ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪a ∈A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ C‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬وﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪B‬‬ ‫‪ C‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬و ‪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪C = A ∪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ D‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﳌﺸﱰﻛﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ A‬و ‪B‬‬ ‫‪ D‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬أو ‪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪D = A ∩B‬‬
‫‪ A ∩ B‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﺎن ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﻼﺋﻤﺘﲔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∅= ‪A ∩B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ E‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪا ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪A‬‬ ‫‪ E‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪E =A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 10-07-03-01:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{120‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ون ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
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‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬أﻓﺮﻳﻞ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬أﻓﺮﻳﻞ ‪2012‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬آداب وﻓﻠﺴﻔﺔ |ﻟﻐﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪20 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :06‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ واﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﲔ اﻟﻮﺳﻂ اﳊﺴﺎﰊ و اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ و اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ و اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺮي ﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ إﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬
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‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
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‫‪(106‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 2‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ واﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
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‫ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ )‪10‬د(‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
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‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬

‫اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ و اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬

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‫وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ )‪10‬د(‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ‪:‬‬
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‫اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل ‪ µ‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
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‫‪n‬‬
‫‪µ = p1x 1 + p 2 x 2 + ..... + p n x n = ∑ Pi x i‬‬
‫‪i =1‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ‪ x n ، ......، x 2 ، x 1‬ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ َو ‪ Pn ، ......، P2 ، P1‬ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‪:‬‬
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‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﺘﺒﻴﺎن وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪n‬‬

‫( ∑‬ ‫)‬
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‫اﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎري‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻫﻮ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ V‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪Pi x i − µ‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪V‬‬
‫اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت )‪10‬د(‬

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‫‪i =1‬‬
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‫ﻫﻮ ‪σ = V‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ اﻹﺣﺼﺎء ﳝﻴﺰ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ V‬ﺗﺸﺘﺖ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺣﻮل اﳌﻌﺪل ‪µ‬‬
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‫‪n‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب ‪ V‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر اﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮ ‪V = ∑ Pi x i2 − µ 2‬‬
‫‪.5‬ﺧﻮاص وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻷﻣﻞ‬

‫‪i =1‬‬
‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ )‪10‬د(‬

‫ﺧﻮاص ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ إﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﺪد ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ‪ a‬ﻟﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ‪ x i‬ﻳﻀﺎف إﱃ اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﰐ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‪a‬‬

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‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ون ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وا‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا ل ا ر‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪3 1‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮل اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ‪ / p A = = :‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻫﻮ ‪ 6‬وﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ‪.3‬‬
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‫‪6 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ‪ 20‬وﻟﺪ و‪ 12‬ﺑﻨﺖ‪:‬‬
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‫‪5 20‬‬
‫أي‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﻟﺪ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
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‫‪8 32‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪Bòq…by@Þbànya@N‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ذات ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل و‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻓﺎن‪:‬‬
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‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ذات اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‪ A = x 1 , x 2 , x 3 :‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫)‪15‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ‪P A = p x 1 + p x 2 + p x 3 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪Z˜aìN3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫• اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪم‪. P ∅ = 0 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪. P Ω = 1 :1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪P A ∪B = P A +P B −P A ∩B‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﺈن‪. P A ∪ B = P A + P B :‬‬
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‫‪ .8‬ﺧﻮاص وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬و ‪ A‬اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب‪P A = 1 − P A :‬‬
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‫)‪8‬د(‬

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‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻮل أن‪:‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن‪:‬‬
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‫∅ اﳉﺰء اﳋﺎﱄ‬ ‫‪ A‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∅= ‪A‬‬
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‫‪--‬‬ ‫‪ A‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪A =Ω‬‬
‫‪--‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪ a‬ﲢﻘﻖ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪A‬‬
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‫‪a ∈A‬‬
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‫‪ C‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬وﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪B‬‬ ‫‪ C‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬و ‪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪C = A ∪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ D‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﳌﺸﱰﻛﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ A‬و ‪B‬‬ ‫‪ D‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬أو ‪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪D = A ∩B‬‬
‫‪ A ∩ B‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﺎن ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﻼﺋﻤﺘﲔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∅= ‪A ∩B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ E‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪا ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪A‬‬ ‫‪ E‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪E =A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 10-07-03-01:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{120‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ون ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
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‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
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‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
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‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ‪ ..... :‬أﻓﺮﻳﻞ ‪2012‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳـﺦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ‪ ...... :‬ﻣﺎرس ‪2012‬‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪:‬‬ ‫ـــــ ت‬ ‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺎدة‪ :‬ر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘــﻮى‪ 3 :‬ﺗﺴﻴﺮ واﻗﺘﺼﺎد‬ ‫رﻗﻢ ﻣﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴﺮ‪31 :‬‬ ‫ت‬ ‫‪ :9‬ا‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
‫اﻟﻤـ ــﺪة‪ 1 :‬ﺳــﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ واﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻜﺮة ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ‪ +‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺪرﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﲔ اﻟﻮﺳﻂ اﳊﺴﺎﰊ و اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ و اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ و اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺮي ﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ إﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻻﻧﻄﻼق‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬
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‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ )‪5‬د(‪.‬‬
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‫‪(234‬‬ ‫ط )‪ 1‬ا‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻲ واﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ )‪10‬د(‬ ‫اﻟﻬﺪف‪ :‬ﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬

‫اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ و اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل ‪ µ‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪n‬‬
‫‪µ = p1x 1 + p 2 x 2 + ..... + p n x n = ∑ Pi x i‬‬
‫‪i =1‬‬

‫ﻣﻊ ‪ x n ، ......، x 2 ، x 1‬ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ َو ‪ Pn ، ......، P2 ، P1‬ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫……………………………‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻟﺘﺒﻴﺎن وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫‪n‬‬

‫( ∑‬ ‫)‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻴﺎري‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻫﻮ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ V‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪Pi x i − µ‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪V‬‬
‫اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت )‪10‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪i =1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ‪σ = V‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ اﻹﺣﺼﺎء ﳝﻴﺰ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ V‬ﺗﺸﺘﺖ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺣﻮل اﳌﻌﺪل ‪µ‬‬
‫‪…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪n‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب ‪ V‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر اﳌﺒﺎﺷﺮ ‪V = ∑ Pi x i2 − µ 2‬‬
‫‪.5‬ﺧﻮاص وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻷﻣﻞ‬

‫‪i =1‬‬
‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺗﻲ )‪10‬د(‬

‫ﺧﻮاص ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ إﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﺪد ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ‪ a‬ﻟﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ ‪ x i‬ﻳﻀﺎف إﱃ اﻷﻣﻞ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﰐ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‪a‬‬

‫‪…………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬

‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ون ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫وا‬ ‫‪ .1‬ا ل ا ر‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪3 1‬‬
‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻮل اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ‪ / p A = = :‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻫﻮ ‪ 6‬وﻋﺪد ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ‪.3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
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‫‪6 2‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ‪ 20‬وﻟﺪ و‪ 12‬ﺑﻨﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪5 20‬‬
‫أي‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ وﻟﺪ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪8 32‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪Bòq…by@Þbànya@N‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ ذات ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮع إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل و‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻓﺎن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .7‬اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ وﺗﻌﻴﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫{‬ ‫}‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ذات اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎت‪ A = x 1 , x 2 , x 3 :‬ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫)‪15‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬ﻫﻮ‪P A = p x 1 + p x 2 + p x 3 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪Z˜aìN3‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬
‫• اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﺪم‪. P ∅ = 0 :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫) (‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة ﻳﺴﺎوي ‪. P Ω = 1 :1‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬ﻓﺈن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪P A ∪B = P A +P B −P A ∩B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫• إذا ﻛﺎن ‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﺈن‪. P A ∪ B = P A + P B :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺧﻮاص وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫) (‬ ‫) (‬
‫‪ A‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ‪ Ω‬و ‪ A‬اﻟﺤﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺣﺴﺎب‪P A = 1 − P A :‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫)‪8‬د(‬

‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻮل أن‪:‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎن‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∅ اﳉﺰء اﳋﺎﱄ‬ ‫‪ A‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫∅= ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪--‬‬ ‫‪ A‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻷﻛﻴﺪة‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪A =Ω‬‬
‫‪--‬‬ ‫اﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪ a‬ﲢﻘﻖ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪a ∈A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ C‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ A‬وﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪B‬‬ ‫‪ C‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬و ‪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪C = A ∪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ D‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﳌﺸﱰﻛﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ A‬و ‪B‬‬ ‫‪ D‬ﻫﻲ اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ ‪ A‬أو ‪B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪D = A ∩B‬‬
‫‪ A ∩ B‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ A‬و ‪ B‬ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﺎن ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﻼﺋﻤﺘﲔ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫∅= ‪A ∩B‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪ E‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮي ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪ Ω‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﺪا ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ‪A‬‬ ‫‪ E‬اﳊﺎدﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ‪A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪E =A‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬

‫إﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎر‪ :‬أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪ 10-07-03-01:‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤـ}‪{120‬ـﺔ‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ون ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪www.mathonec.com‬‬
‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮات وﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫] ﺳـﻴﺮ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ [‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫‪@@ZÒbİÈãüa@òİÔã@|4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻﻧﻌﻄﺎف وﺗﻔﺴﺮﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻣﺮﺗﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ا‪‬ﺎل ‪I‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ) ‪ f '' ( x‬ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ x 0‬ﻣﻦ ‪ I‬ﻣﻐﲑة إﺷﺎر‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺟﻮار ‪ x 0‬ﻓﺈن اﳌﻨﺤﲎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﱐ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ‪ f‬ﻟﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫)‪10‬د(‬

‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ) ) ‪ A ( x 0 , f ( x 0‬واﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ـ ) ‪ (C f‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ A‬ﳜﱰق ) ‪(C f‬‬

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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‪:4‬‬
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‫‪ f‬داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ‪f ( x ) = 3x 3 + 1‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. ℝ‬‬
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‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪ ℝ‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫‪ f ' ( x ) = 9x 2‬و ‪f '' ( x ) = 18x‬‬
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‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ‪. f‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ '' ( x ) = 0‬ﻋﻨﺪ ‪ 0‬ﻣﻐﲑاً إﺷﺎرﺗﻪ ﰲ ﺟﻮار وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
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‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪0;1‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬
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‫‪ .7‬اﻟﻤﻤﺎس اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻟﻤﻨﺤﻦ داﻟﺔ‬

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‫)‪10‬د(‬

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‫أﳒﺰ اﻟﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ر ـــن ط ــ ‪:‬‬
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‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺎت‬ ‫‪ 07‬اﻟﺼﻔﺤ ـ}‪ {58‬ــﺔ‬
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‫]ﺣﻞ اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻮرﻗﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻘﺔ[‬
‫‪……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………......‬‬ ‫دراﺳﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق وﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎً‬

‫‪Tous Droits réservés à Moumna Abdelkrim‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ا‬

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