Milviz FMS MV-21 Guide

FMS+MV21
USER GUIDE
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FMS / MV21
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction INDEX��2-26 Flight Guidance System Display Messages�� 6-6
Introduction to the Manual�� 1-1 MCDU MENU��2-27 PFD Display �� 6-7
Avionics System Overview�� 1-1 VOR/DME CONTROL��2-27 PFD/MFD Composite Display�� 6-7
FMS Description �� 1-2 FMS CONTROL��2-28 MFD Display�� 6-8
FMS Interface Introduction �� 1-3 GNSS CONTROL��2-28 MFD Menus�� 6-9
FMS Pages SBAS SERVICE PROVIDERS ��2-29 Adaptive Flight Display��6-10
STATUS �� 2-1 NON PRECISION APPROACH RAIM��2-29 MFD Engine Indicating System��6-11
POS INIT 1/2�� 2-2 GNSS STATUS��2-30 PFD REFS Menu��6-12
PERF MENU�� 2-3 GNSS STATUS 2/2��2-31 PFD NAV/BRG SOURCE Menu ��6-13
PERF INIT �� 2-4 FREQUENCY DATA��2-32 PFD Radar Menu��6-14
VNAV CLIMB�� 2-5 FIX INFO��2-33 MV-TAWS��6-15
VNAV CRUISE�� 2-5 FPLN HOLD��2-34 PFD/MFD Terrain Overlay��6-16
VNAV DESCENT�� 2-6 PROGRESS ��2-35 TCAS��6-17
DESC INFO �� 2-6 IRS CONTROL��2-36 MV-21 Messages and Annunciations��6-18
FUEL MGMT�� 2-7 ROUTE MENU ��2-37 Charts/Checklists
FUEL MGMT 2/3 �� 2-8 PILOT ROUTE LIST ��2-37 Chart System�� 7-1
PERF TRIP�� 2-8 DATA BASE��2-38 Checklists�� 7-2
FLIGHT LOG �� 2-9 PILOT WPT LIST��2-38 RTU/ESIS
FPLN��2-10 DEFINE PILOT WPT ��2-39 RTU�� 8-1
LEGS ��2-11 DEFAULTS��2-40 ESIS�� 8-2
LEG WIND��2-12 DEFAULTS 2/4��2-40 Conclusion and Glossary
SEC FPLN��2-13 DEFAULTS 3/4��2-41 Conclusion�� 9-1
MESSAGES ��2-14 DEFAULTS 4/4��2-41 Glossary��11-1
DIRECT-TO ��2-14 MARK POINTS ��2-42 Glossary Continued��11-2
NEAREST AIRPORTS��2-15 TEMP COMP��2-43
TUNE��2-16 FMS Messages�� 3-1
COM1/2 CONTROL ��2-17 MV-21
NAV 1/2 CONTROL ��2-18 MV-21 Introduction�� 4-1
ATC CONTROL ��2-19 MV-21 Interface
ADF CONTROL��2-19 Flight Guidance Panel�� 5-1
DEP/ARR INDEX��2-20 Cursor Control Panel�� 5-2
DEPART ��2-20 Display Control Panel �� 5-3
ARRIVAL��2-21 Remote Switches�� 5-4
ARRIVAL DATA ��2-22 FGS and MV-21 Displays
MAP DISPLAY MENU��2-23 FGS Operation�� 6-1
DISPLAY ADVANCE��2-24 Autopilot Modes�� 6-2
INDEX Page Selections ��2-25 Flight Guidance System Display Fields �� 6-5
FMS /MV21
INTRODUCTION 1-1
Introduction to the Manual Avionics System Overview INTRO
The manual you are currently reading was born out of our customer’s desire As a disclaimer, the MV-21 is our designation for our simulation of the real, well-
to have a reference and description of the avionics system in the KA350i that known (and trademarked) avionics package featured in the KA350i; the FMS will
they could educate themselves on the system with, without having to guess on simply be referred FMS. While this may be a tad confusing in the beginning, this
what the various modes/menus of the system meant or how data was entered/ is necessary to distinguish our simulation from the real system, as well as not FMS PAGES
computed. infringe on any trademarks as held by other companies.
Along that, the philosophy of this manual is simple: pare down and simplify The real-life counterpart to the Milviz FMS and MV-21 is perhaps one of the most
the real manual and include only what pertains to the simulation which we renowned in avionics packages found in light jets and turboprops today.
MESSAGES
have developed; if it’s not possible to do or included in our product, it won’t First installed into an aircraft in the year 2000, the system has been either present
be included in here. With that, it is quite possible what is presented here will as an option or available as an upgrade in a long list of both light jets and turbo-
differ from the real aircraft’s system and procedures, and thus this document props.
is intended for flight simulation use only and is not to be used for real-world
The system itself was designed to be intuitive enough so that pilots using the MV21-INTRO
flying, training, studying, or recurrency/proficiency.
system would be able to quickly understand and interpret an ever-chang-
In an effort to be as true to the system as possible, all of the information here has ing dataset that they are presented with as they face various scenarios in the
been crosschecked with both the simulation and manual, to ensure that what different phases of flight, all-the-while being able to focus on the safe flight of the
you read here is the way that it is; the information presented here has been INTERFACE
aircraft rather than trying to find the data that they want/need.
pulled and referenced from over 2,500 pages of technical manuals used for the
development of our avionics system, and it is our hope that this will be of great Our FMS simulation is the proverbial ice cream on top of the warm slice of apple
aid when learning the ins and outs of the complex package we have delivered. pie if you will; it is a cutting-edge flight management system capable of flight
planning, flight management, and multi-sensor navigation. The two are so tightly MV21/FGS
With that all out of the way, we will be working our way through the FMS first, to integrated that it will oftentimes feel as if you are not shifting your attention
lay a foundation of requisite knowledge and terminology before moving into the between any one system when flying.
MV-21 in the latter half of the document. Even though the two systems will have
their own sections, there will be a bit of cross-pollination and overlap in each CHARTS +
section; the FMS section will have a bit of information about how the MV-21 CHECKLISTS
functions, and vice-versa. Given how closely mated the systems are, this is un-
avoidable, but rest assured everything will be discussed in both sections even if
it was briefly touched on in the other.
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
INTRODUCTION 1-2
FMS Description
INTRO
The FMS is capable of all forms of navigation, including en route, terminal, and The FMS portion of this guide is going to follow the logical order of progression
non-precision approach. An advanced GPS receiver processes transmission from for initializing and setting up the system as it flows in the sim. Because of this, it
multiple GPS satellites in orbit in order to calculate navigation solutions based on will be easy to quickly find the page you are looking for without having to scroll
the information provided. A minimum of 4 satellites with acceptable geometry in through the ancillary and seldom-viewed pages of the system in order to find FMS PAGES
relation to the surface is required for the FMS to be able to calculate a navigation the information or function you need. Once the most-used pages have been
solution, but additional satellites can improve fault tolerance and accuracy of the covered, the more seldom-used pages and functions of the FMS will be detailed.
computed solution. It should be noted here that for the purpose of the simula- In the way of basic terminology for this section, LSK will refer to the Line Selection
tion, satellites are always assumed to be within acceptable geometry, and failure Keys on both sides of the FMS, with the left-side being referred to as L and the MESSAGES
of these are not simulated. right-side as R. For example, LSK 6L is the sixth line selection key on the left of
The satellites are also capable of supplying Receiver Autonomous Integrity Moni- the FMS. At the top of each page detailing an FMS page, a description of how to
toring (RAIM) in order to detect satellite failures, but this has not been modeled. access the described page will be included. For example, following IDX -> FMS
For the sake of our simulation, the system assumes there are 4 satellites in a CTL will take you to the FMS control page, and so on. MV21-INTRO
position to allow the FMS to fully function. In addition to the GPS constellation, For ease of use, clicking on the scratchpad (where inputted numbers and letters,
the system receives data from the AHRS, ADC, DME, and VOR. along with FMS annunciations, show) turns the keyboard entry option on, which
A sophisticated interface with the Flight Control System (FCS) allows the FMS to allows for data to be inputted with your keyboard rather than the in-sim CDU INTERFACE
provide roll steering to the system from the route being computed by the system, keys. Clicking it again will turn this feature off.
along with different vertical modes of navigation through the VNAV function.
The Milviz KA350i is outfitted with 2 PFDs, 1 MFD, a Radio Tuning Unit, along with
a CDU as well as a standby ESIS indicator. Some aircraft use a dual FMS system, MV21/FGS
where there are 2 units installed instead of 1, but our KA350i is not equipped with
this and, thus, any information pertaining to dual FMS systems will be excluded.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
INTRODUCTION 1-3
FMS Interface Introduction INTRO
Before we dig into the pages of the system, a baseline understanding of the
various buttons on the keyboard attached to the Control Display Interface (CDU)
of the FMS should be established.
FMS PAGES
The CDU is a color, LCD-based display with an integrated keyboard. The display
area supports 12 display lines, a title line, as well as a scratchpad and message
line. The keyboard provides 16 function keys along with an alphanumeric keypad,
with six Line Select Keys flanking either side of the display.
MESSAGES
Key Function Key Function
These are referred to from top to This key shows the previous page of
bottom as L1 through L6 for the multi-page CDU display. This key is
PREV (Previous) MV21-INTRO
left bezel and R1 through R6 for the not active when a CDU display does
Line Select Keys (LSK) right bezel. These transfer data from not have a page number at the top
the scratchpad to the appropriate right.
data line, copy data from a data line This key shows the next page of INTERFACE
to the scratchpad, and select an multi-page CDU display. This key is
option, mode or state from a menu of NEXT
not active when a CDU display does
options. not have a page number at the top
MSG (Message) This key shows and removes the right. MV21/FGS
MESSAGES display page on the CDU. EXEC (Execute) This key acts as enter or save function
DIR (Direct) This key selects the DIRECT function for some flight plan edits and perfor-
of the FMS. mance functions.
CHARTS +
FPLN (Flight Plan) This key shows the FMS FPLN page. TUN (Tune) This key shows the TUNE page on the CHECKLISTS
LEGS This key shows the FMS LEGS page. CDU.
DEP ARR (Depart Arrival) This shows either the DEPART, This key is used to clear the scratch-
ARRIVAL, or DEP/ARR INDEX page, pad of data or to create a DELETE
CLR DEL (Clear Delete) RTU/ESIS
depending on the phase of flight. command that can be transferred to
some data fields on the CDU pages.
PERF (Performance) This key selects the FMS performance
function. BRT DIM (Bright Dim) This control works to provide
dimming control over the CDU. CONCLUSION
This key is used to select one of two
MFD options pages on the CDU. This
MFD MENU
can be either the Map Display or Text
Display options pages.
TUTORIALS
MFD ADV (MFD Advance) This key is used to show the DISPLAY
ADVANCE page on the CDU.
MFD DATA This key is used to show an FMS
Remote Text format on the MFD. GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
FMS PAGES 2-1
STATUS INTRO
STATUS can be accessed via IDX -> STATUS.
The STATUS page is the page that you will first see when powering on the FMS.
This page is used to make sure that the correct navigation and performance
FMS PAGES
databases are installed in the FMS, as well as what version of the product you are
using (only pertains to our simulated version). You can also verify the date and
time on this page if necessary.
The NAV DATA field shows the current navigation database installed. By default, MESSAGES
this will show 1811, which is from October 2018, but this can be updated if the
user has a Navigraph subscription. Navigraph integration for chart use will be
covered at a later time.
The ACTIVE DATABASE field shows the date range in which the currently installed MV21-INTRO
nav data is valid from.
Below this is a field for a second nav database, in instances where two separate
data cycles are installed; this functionality is implemented and can be enabled INTERFACE
by creating a file titled ‘navigationdata2.mdb’ in P3Dv4\Milviz\FMS-3000.
A database that is out of date will have its date range displayed in yellow as
opposed to white as a valid database would be.
The current simulator UTC time is displayed next, with the simulator date being MV21/FGS
displayed to the right. These entries cannot be changed by the user at this time;
if one wants to change these entries, then altering the simulator date and time
through the menu system is recommended.
CHARTS +
The last entry on the left-hand side is the PROGRAM field. This shows the current CHECKLISTS
version of the simulator that you are using which makes it easy to determine
what build of the software you are on.
Page Functions: RTU/ESIS
• INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page.
• POS INIT displays the POS INIT 1/2 page.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-2
POS INIT 1/2 INTRO
POS INIT can be accessed via IDX -> POS INIT. Page Functions:
Before the FMS be fully operational and used for navigation, it is necessary to do • INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page.
a Position Initialization (POS INIT) of the FMS. In essence, this process tells the • FPLN displays the FPLN page. FMS PAGES
system where it is currently located in the world, which is necessary for GPS and
FMS navigation to take place.
FMS POS, or FMS Position, shows in a coordinate format where the system thinks
it is. This will update as the aircraft moves and will also update itself with the data MESSAGES
inputted in the SET POS field at the bottom right of the page while on the ground.
The data field labeled AIRPORT allows for the entry of an airport's ICAO identifier,
which will auto-populate the airport’s stored coordinates when a valid entry is
made. This coordinate can be used as a SET POS entry, though there are more MV21-INTRO
accurate forms of getting the aircraft’s position, as will be discussed below. This
field will be cleared at takeoff and, this, is only applicable to be used while on
the ground.
INTERFACE
PILOT/REF WPT allows a specific waypoint to be used for a position update
or even initialization. This is auto-populated by the FMS when a Pilot Defined
Waypoint is within 3 nm of the current FMS position. With that said, any Pilot
Defined Waypoint, or any valid waypoint in the nav database, can be inputted MV21/FGS
here. This field, along with its entry, is removed at takeoff and, thus, is only able
to be used on the ground.
SET POS at the bottom right of the display is where the desired position, in coor-
CHARTS +
dinates, can be entered when on the ground. Empty boxes in place of numbers CHECKLISTS
indicate that the FMS either requires a position initialization or an update;
entering a position here also updates the FMS POS field at the top left with the
same number.
RTU/ESIS
In the case of starting a flight at an airport more than 40 nm away from your last
flight’s destination, the FMS will throw a ‘RESET INITIAL POS’ caution annuncia-
tion in the scratchpad. This can be cleared by copying the GNSS position to the
scratchpad by clicking LSK 5R and inputting it into the SET POS data field twice
CONCLUSION
more. This field will become dashed either 2 minutes after a data entry if the
aircraft is airborne, or 2 minutes after the aircraft becomes airborne if the entry
was made on the ground.
POS INIT 2/2 TUTORIALS
POS INIT 2/2 displays both the current FMS position and measured ground
speed, along with the current GNSS position as being fed by the GNSS sensor.
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-3
PERF MENU INTRO
PERF MENU can be accessed via PERF on the CDU.
The PERF MENU is the index page of the performance functions. From here, the
various other pages of both PERF and VNAV can be accessed.
FMS PAGES
Page Functions:
• PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page.
• VNAV SETUP displays the VNAV CLIMB page. MESSAGES
• FUEL MGMT displays the FUEL MGMT 1/3 page.
• FLT LOG displays the FLIGHT LOG page.
• ADVISORY VNAV enables the toggling of the VNAV function of the FMS. MV21-INTRO
• VNAV PLAN SPEED shows the speed bug setting the FMS either currently or
will use when VNAV PLAN SPD is active or resumed.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-4
PERF INIT INTRO
PERF INIT can be accessed via PERF -> PERF INIT.
The Performance Initialization (PERF INIT) page is used to set various attributes
about the payload and performance profile of the flight. The prompt boxes next
FMS PAGES
to CRZ ALT and MAN FUEL indicate the entries that must be entered in order to
access the performance functions of the FMS.
BOW, or Base Operating Weight, is the weight of the aircraft. This number
includes the aircraft weighted with all of the fluids necessary for operation, such MESSAGES
as engine oil, hydraulic fluid, unusable fuel, and so on. This number can also be
changed on the DEFAULTS page.
PASS/WT updates the number of passengers on board. The first number is
the number of passengers, and the second is the average weight of each. The MV21-INTRO
average weight can also be altered on the DEFAULTS page but know that the new
weight entered on this page will not be the default for the current flight, only for
the next. Instead, entering the new weight on the PERF INIT page itself by typing
the new weight after ‘/’ will alter the value for the current flight being entered. INTERFACE
CARGO is, as you might have assumed, is the weight of the loaded cargo. This
value resets to 0 when a new flight plan is created.
MAN FUEL will display on the ground when the engines are not running, and MV21/FGS
allows for the input of the current fuel on board the aircraft. Once the engines
are running, this will change to CALC FUEL and will be dynamically computed to
show the fuel remaining, based on the current burn rate.
CHARTS +
CRZ ALT is the altitude at which the aircraft is planned to be cruising at. Updating CHECKLISTS
the value here will alter it for the entire flight, but this only applies to the current
flight.
ZFW, or Zero Fuel Weight, can be presented in one of two ways. By default, the RTU/ESIS
FMS will automatically populate this field once the other entries on the page
have been filled, which is a product of the BOW, total passenger weight as well
as the cargo weight in order to calculate the weight of the aircraft sans fuel. The
second method is a manual input of ZFW, which will blank every other field on CONCLUSION
the page apart from CRZ ALT.
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-5
VNAV CLIMB VNAV CRUISE INTRO
VNAV CLIMB can be accessed via PERF -> VNAV SETUP. Compared to the other pages in the VNAV category, the VNAV CRUISE page is
rather simple.
When the VNAV setup LSK is pushed with the aircraft either on the ground or in
the climb phase, the VNAV CLIMB page will show. Target Speed (TGT SPEED) shows the default cruise TGT in knots/Mach, along
FMS PAGES
with the pilot-entered Cruise Altitude (CRZ ALT), which is pulled from the initial
Target Speed (TGT SPEED) and Speed and Altitude Limit (SPD/ALT LIMIT) display PERF INIT for the flight plan.
the default values for each respective entry as set on the DEFAULTS page. These
values are independent to each page, allowing for differing values to be set for Page Functions:
each phase of flight. •PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page. MESSAGES
Additional SPD/ALT LIMIT values can be added in addition to the default value
presented.
TRANS ALT shows the transition altitude being used, and a change in the transi- MV21-INTRO
tion altitude on the CLIMB page also changes the value on the DESCENT page.
Page Functions:
•PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page. INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-6
VNAV DESCENT DESC INFO INTRO
This page is identical to the VNAV CLIMB page, except for the Vertical Path Angle DESC INFO can be accessed via PERF -> VNAV SETUP -> DESC INFO.
(VPA) field.
The Descent Info (DESC INFO) page provides vertical situational awareness to the
The TGT SPEED is the default descent speed and Mach as set on the DEFAULTS pilot by showing the next descent constraint along with the speed and descent FMS PAGES
page, The transition flight level is synced with the value on the CLIMB page, and angle required to reach said constraint.
the SPD/ALT limit functions the same as on the CLIMB page, with additional
entries being possible. The page shows vertical information from the aircraft's Present Position (PPOS)
and altitude direct-to the displayed waypoint altitude. The waypoint presented
The VPA entry shows the default VPA entry as set on the DEFAULTS page, though here can be overridden with any waypoint in the flight plan that has a descent MESSAGES
this can be changed to suit the flight. One thing worth mentioning is that altitude constraint along with any runway associated with the destination airport.
changing the VPA from this page will change it for the entire flight, while the VPA
can be changed for individual descents between waypoints on the LEGS page. PPOS -> WPT ALT shows the targeted waypoint identifier and the altitude con-
straint associated with it
Page Functions: MV21-INTRO
PPOS VPA/VSR shows the Vertical Path Angle (VPA) and the Vertical Speed
•PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page. Required (VSR) required to reach the constraint. VSR is computed based on
• DESC INFO displays the DESC INFO page. vertical distance to the constraint, ground distance to the waypoint, along with
the current ground speed. VPA is computed based on the PPOS VSR divided by INTERFACE
the ground speed and multiplied by a constant of 57.3.
Page Functions:
•PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page. MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-7
FUEL MGMT INTRO
FUEL MGMT can be accessed via PERF -> FUEL MGMT.
The Fuel Management (FUEL MGMT) set of pages provides information on fuel
usage, time and range to reserves, along with current fuel flow. Also included is a FMS PAGES
trip calculator that allows fuel and time calculations to be performed for planning
purposes.
The values for FUEL FLOW, RESERVES and GND SPEED can be changed to observe
the affect the changes have on the other values. With this being said, the FUEL MESSAGES
quantity can only be changed on the PERF INIT page; the value presented on
FUEL MGMT is for display only.
FUEL MGMT 1/3
MV21-INTRO
FUEL shows the fuel quantity as entered during the PERF INIT phase of FMS ini-
tialization under the FUEL header.
FUEL FLOW shows the current fuel flow in pounds per hour, with the reserve
fuel value displayed below this. The current ground speed in knots is displayed INTERFACE
below this.
The values on the right-hand side deal with time and range to the reserve fuel
amount. MV21/FGS
Time to Reserve (TIME TO RESV) displays the time until the reserve fuel quantity
is met, with the Range to Reserve (RNG TO RESV) displayed below this in nautical
miles. CHARTS +
Specific Range (SP RNG) for both true airspeed (TAS) and ground speed (GS) is CHECKLISTS
displayed in the format of nautical miles covered per pound of fuel burned.
Page Functions:
RTU/ESIS
•PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-8
FUEL MGMT 2/3 PERF TRIP INTRO
On the left are numbers delineating the two separate engines, as well as a TOTAL PERF TRIP is where the trip calculator function resides.
value at the bottom. On the left side is a data field titled FROM. Here, either waypoint or airport iden-
The current fuel flow for each engine is shown under Pounds per Hour (LB/HR), tifiers can be entered, with the option to set the current FMS position as the
FMS PAGES
with the combined flows of both engines being displayed at the bottom. value by clicking the LSK next to PPOS.
FUEL USED shows the total fuel consumption for each engine since the engine The TO field works in the same manner, with either airport or waypoint identifi-
was started. ers being accepted.
Page Functions: DIST displays the distance between the FROM and TO positions in nautical miles, MESSAGES
with the current GND SPD displayed below this in knots.
•PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page.
ETE (estimated time en route) is a simple function of DIST/GND SPD, and this will
vary as the aircraft increases or decreases speed. MV21-INTRO
In the right column, the current fuel flow in LB/HR is displayed, along with the
Fuel Required (FUEL REQ) to get from the FROM position to the TO displayed
below this, measured in lbs.
INTERFACE
Page Functions:
• CLEAR will clear the present position from the page.
• PERF MENU displays the PERF INIT page.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-9
FLIGHT LOG INTRO
FLIGHT LOG can be accessed via PERF -> FLT LOG.
Compared to the other FMS pages covered in this manual, the FLIGHT LOG
page is about as straightforward as it gets. This page allows the pilot to examine FMS PAGES
various data and parameters about the en route performance of the aircraft.
T/O displays the takeoff time, EN ROUTE displays the total time in the air, with
LDG showing the time of landing.
MESSAGES
FUEL USED shows the total amount of fuel used on the flight, and next to this
shows the average true air and ground speed (AVG TAS/GS).
The last row shows the Total Air Distance (AIR DIST) which is the distance covered
while in the air, while the GND DIST shows the total distance covered over the MV21-INTRO
ground.
Page Functions:
• PERF MENU displays the PERF MENU page. INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-10
FPLN INTRO
FPLN can be accessed via FPLN on the CDU.
The Flight Plan (FPLN) page contains information about the current flight plan
route, including the departure and arrival airports, the flight plan distance, the
FMS PAGES
alternate airport in use, as well as the departing runway. This page marks the
beginning of the flight planning process; this is like the POS INIT of the flight plan
process, if you will.
ORIGIN is the data field for the departure airport's ICAO identifier. Next to this, MESSAGES
we have the total flight plan distance in nautical miles, with the DEST (destina-
tion) airport’s identifier to the far right.
ROUTE allows for a predefined company route to be automatically loaded into
the FMS, which is useful if the aircraft flies the same routes over and over. This MV21-INTRO
route can be defined and assigned a name within the FMS itself through the
PILOT ROUTE function.
ALTN, or alternate, accepts the ICAO identifier of the alternate airport in use. INTERFACE
The bottom line of this page contains fields for entry of airways (VIA) and
waypoints (TO) of the flight plan route. Inputting data here will create a second
FPLN page where you can enter your entire route into. The system will automat-
ically create another FPLN page if the current page is full. By default, there will MV21/FGS
only be 1 page until data is entered.
The inputted LEGS can also be viewed on the LEGS page.
Page Functions: CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
• COPY ACTIVE copies the ACT FPLN, along with its legs and data, and loads it
into the SEC FPLN page.
• SEC FPLN displays the SEC FPLN page. RTU/ESIS
• PERF INIT displays the PERF INIT page.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-11
LEGS INTRO
LEGS can be accessed via LEGS on the CDU. At the top left is an option to toggle sequence between AUTO and INHIBIT.
Auto sequence will have the FMS sequence waypoints one after the other au-
The LEGS page shows a list of all the leg segments that make up a flight plan
tomatically, so passing one will have the aircraft compute a track to the next,
route, with the TO legs shown in green, the last waypoint passed in cyan, and the
while INHIBIT disallows this and simply has the aircraft fly wings level after the FMS PAGES
rest shown in white.
waypoint has been reached. This is a good trick for sequencing past a disconti-
In the left column are the leg segments themselves, with the information over nuity: force the FMS into AUTO again after it automatically goes to INHIBIT after
top of them depending on the type of waypoint. The information displayed and passing a discontinuity and it will put itself on a path to the next waypoint after
the waypoint types are as follows: the discontinuity. MESSAGES
• For a magnetic or true course leg that terminates at a database or pilot-de- Page Functions:
fined waypoint, the course direction and waypoint identifier are shown.
• LEG WIND displays the LEG WIND page.
• For a magnetic or true heading leg with an altitude termination point, the MV21-INTRO
• RWY UPDATE updates the FMS to the runway threshold coordinates of the
heading and terminating altitude are shown.
flight plan departure runway, which increases navigational accuracy.
• For a DME ARC leg, the distance and direction of the turn are shown along
with a unique identifier.
INTERFACE
• For a distance terminated leg, the course and waypoint with the terminating
distance are shown.
• For a radial terminated leg, the course and waypoint with the terminating
radial are shown. MV21/FGS
• For an intercept leg that terminates when it intercepts the next leg, a course
and the Intercept (INTC) identifier are shown.
• For a leg that is terminated manually when vectored from it, a course and the CHARTS +
identifier Vectored (VECT) are shown. CHECKLISTS
• For a hold, HOLD AT and the holding fix identifier are shown.
• For a procedure turn set of legs, P-TURN and the INTC are shown. RTU/ESIS
• For a Hold to an Inbound Course set of legs (for example, some approach
transitions use a course reversal holding pattern to establish the course into the
final approach), HOLD TO, the INTC identifier, and Inbound Course (INBD CRS)
(to identify the inbound waypoint) are shown. A course reversal hold termi- CONCLUSION
nates when the holding intercepts the course into the final approach.
To the right of the leftmost column is the distance from each waypoint to the
next, measured in nm.
TUTORIALS
In the rightmost column, VNAV data is displayed, which includes VNAV con-
straints and VPA when applicable, with speed and altitude on the bottom.
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-12
LEG WIND INTRO
LEG WIND can be accessed via LEGS -> LEG WIND
The LEG WIND page allows input of the various meteorological data for each
waypoint of the flight plan, such as deviation from the ISA temperature along FMS PAGES
with winds aloft.
The ISA DEV column allows for input of the amount the temperature aloft
deviates from the ISA temperature for that altitude. Positive deviations can be
entered in the format of +[temperature] and negative deviations as –[tempera- MESSAGES
ture].
In the middle is the waypoint identifier, along with the leg time for each leg of
the flight plan.
MV21-INTRO
On the right column is the entry fields for winds aloft data. This is entered in the
format of true heading/wind speed in knots.
Page Functions:
INTERFACE
• LEGS displays the LEGS page.
• LEG DATA displays the LEG DATA page.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-13
SEC FPLN INTRO
SEC FPLN can be accessed via IDX -> SEC FPLN.
The pages of secondary flight plan (SEC FPLN) show the same type of information
as the main FPLN pages do, just for the secondary flight plan. Thus, there is little
FMS PAGES
need to reiterate what is common between the two pages.
Page Functions:
• ROUTE MENU displays the ROUTE MENU page.
MESSAGES
• ACTIVATE activates the SEC FPLN, which will then make it the ACT FPLN.
• SEC LEGS displays the SEC legs page, which shows the same information as
the main LEGS page.
MV21-INTRO
• SEC PERF displays the SEC PERF 1/3 page. This is, essentially, PERF INIT for the
SEC FPLN, with SEC PERF showing the same information as PERF INIT.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-14
MESSAGES DIRECT-TO INTRO
MESSAGES can be accessed via MSG on the CDU. The DIRECT-TO page can be accessed via DIR on the CDU.
The MESSAGES (MSG) page shows both old and new FMS messages, and that’s The DIRECT-TO page allows the pilot to fly directly to a selected waypoint. The
really all there is to it. left column contains the next waypoints in the flight plan sequence, with the
FMS PAGES
altitude and Vertical Path Angle (VPA) on the right.
Both NEW and OLD messages have their own separate sections to make it easy
to tell what is relevant and what is not. To go DIRECT-TO a waypoint using this page, simply press the LSK next to the
desired waypoint, then EXEC to execute the changes and have them take effect.
For all of the messages that can appear on this page, and within the FMS in
general, refer to the MESSAGES section later on in this document. It should be noted that if the desired waypoint has a lower altitude constraint, MESSAGES
and VNAV advisory mode is enabled, the aircraft will automatically calculate a
VPA down to that waypoint, deleting any intermediary constraints in the process.
NEAREST APTS shows the NEAREST AIRPORTS page, and ALT SEL displays the MV21-INTRO
currently set preselector altitude.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-15
NEAREST AIRPORTS INTRO
NEAREST AIRPORTS can be accessed via DIR -> NEAREST APTS.
The Nearest Airports (NEAREST APTS) page shows a list of five airports: the
departure and arrival airfields, along with three other airports that are the
FMS PAGES
closest to the present position of the airport. The airports are sorted from top to
bottom in terms of distance, with the closer airports at the top and the further
away fields at the bottom. Above the ICAO identifiers is the bearing and distance
from the present position of the aircraft to the airport.
MESSAGES
In the second column, the Estimated Time En Route (ETE) is shown above the
length of the airport’s longest runway, measured in feet.
The third column contains the designator of the airport’s longest runway, with
the fuel remaining at the destination being displayed above that. If the two MV21-INTRO
longest runways at an airport are the same length, the runway shown will be
chosen by alphabetical order.
At the bottom left of the page is a field to change the minimum runway length. INTERFACE
Any runway below this length will not be displayed in the page and, in the case
of an airport that’s longest runway does not meet this minimum, will not be
displayed at all. After this value is changed, pressing LSK 6R next to UPDATE
AIRPORTS will be required for the system to update the selections. This value can MV21/FGS
also be changed via the DEFAULTS page.
In terms of going direct-to an airport from this page, the pilot has two options:
going direct to the Airport Reference Point (ARP) or the Runway Xxtension Point.
CHARTS +
For those not familiar, an airport reference point is the center point of an airport, CHECKLISTS
which itself is located at the geometric center of all the usable runways. The
runway extension point references an automatically-placed waypoint that is
variable in distance from the runway threshold in order to aid visual approaches.
RTU/ESIS
If the direct-to the ARP is selected, the FMS calculates the course and distance to
the ARP for the modified flight plan. This does not include any STAR or runway,
nor any VNAV constraints; think of this as a direct-to a waypoint directly over the
center of the airport at the current altitude that the aircraft is at.
CONCLUSION
In the case of the longest runway for a runway extension point direct-to, the
FMS will again calculate the course and distance to the runway extension point
but will also include the VNAV constraint associated with the visual approach in
the modified flight plan. This method will also automatically insert the selected TUTORIALS
runway into the flight plan for a runway type approach.
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-16
TUNE INTRO
TUNE can be accessed via TUN on the CDU.
The TUNE page provides means for manually tuning the various radios in the
aircraft should this be desired and/or necessary. Along with inputting various
FMS PAGES
frequencies that will propagate to the radios and MV-21, the TUNE page can also
control the transponder, allowing for the input of a transponder code along with
the selection of TCAS modes.
COMM 1 and COMM 2 tune the primary and secondary radios, while RECALL MESSAGES
stores the last selected frequency for both radios.
NAV 1 and NAV 2 tune the primary and secondary navigation radios, and DME
1 AND DME 2 do the same. The frequencies for DME 1 and 2 can be transferred
over from the active NAV 1 and NAV 2 frequencies by pressing the LSK next to MV21-INTRO
HOLD.
ATC shows the currently set transponder/beacon code, and directly to the right
of this is TCAS MODE, which allows for the toggling of the state of the transpon- INTERFACE
der.
Pressing the LSK next to either the COMM, NAV, ATC, or TCAS fields brings up
additional pages specific to each radio, which allows for finer control over things
like squelch state for COMM 1 and 2, AUTO or MAN nav tuning for the NAV and MV21/FGS
DME radios, or altitude reporting/traffic display settings for the transponder and
TCAS.
More in-depth descriptions and graphics of these ancillary pages can be found CHARTS +
below. CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-17
COM1/2 CONTROL INTRO
COM1/2 CONTROL can be accessed via TUN -> COM1/2.
Much like the NAV CONTROL page, the COMM CONTROL pages work in the same
way. Frequencies can be preset here, with up to 20 being available for each radio. FMS PAGES
• The LSK adjacent to COM1/2 is used to enter the radio frequency when there
is a frequency in the scratchpad.
• RECALL contains the last tuned frequency and pressing the LSK adjacent to it
MESSAGES
will make the RECALL frequency and the current COM frequencies swap places.
• SQUELCH either enables or disables radio squelch.
• The TEST function of the COM radios functions the same as the NAV radios,
but again this is not simulated. MV21-INTRO
• COM PRESETS show up to 20 preset frequencies for each COM radio.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-18
NAV 1/2 CONTROL INTRO
NAV CONTROL can be accessed via TUN -> NAV1/2.
The NAV CONTROL page is used to preset frequencies for the NAV radios and
select the NAV TUNING mode. Up to 20 preset frequencies can be set for each FMS PAGES
installed radio, and preset channels can be filled using either the radio frequency
or the three-letter station identifier.
The following selections are available on this page:
MESSAGES
• The LSK adjacent to NAV 1/2 is used to enter the radio frequency when there
is a frequency in the scratchpad.
• The LSK adjacent to DME selects the DME HOLD function on or off.
• NAV TUNING selects the navigation tuning mode. Both AUTO and MANUAL MV21-INTRO
(MAN) are available.
• TEST indicates a self-test of the NAV and DME radio. This is not simulated in
our product. INTERFACE
• MKR SENS, or Marker Sensitivity, toggles the marker between low (LO) and HI
sensitivity. This defaults to LO and is recommended to be left here for proper
reception of ILS marker beacons.
MV21/FGS
• NAV PRESETS contains up to 20 preset frequencies for each nav radio.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-19
ATC CONTROL ADF CONTROL INTRO
ATC CONTROL can be accessed via TUN -> ATC. ADF CONTROL can be accessed via TUN -> ADF.
The ATC CONTROL page is used to view and alter various data and parameters The ADF control page is used much like the NAV and COM control pages. Various
about the transponder. parameters about the ADF radios can be changed from here. FMS PAGES
The data presented here includes: The data presented here includes:
• ATC is used to set the transponder beacon code when there is a code in the • The LSK adjacent to ADF is used to enter a frequency when there is a
scratchpad. frequency in the scratchpad.
MESSAGES
• The LSK adjacent to IDENT is used to send a beacon identification flash • MODE allows the pilot to select the ADF operation mode.
(IDENT) when requested to do so by ATC. • BFO is used to select the Beat Frequency Oscillator mode to either ON or OFF.
• FLIGHT ID is used to enter the flight identification code. This can also be • TEST is not simulated at this time. MV21-INTRO
entered/changed on the TUNE 2/2 page.
• ADF PRESETS show up to 20 preset frequencies for each ADF radio.
• MODE is used to toggle the transponder on and off. In ON, the transponder
will respond to all requests by ATC. In standby (STBY), the transponder will not
send a response when queried by ATC. INTERFACE
• ALT REPORT is used to toggle the altitude reporting mode of the transponder.
• TEST indicates a test of the TCAS system, but this is not simulated.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-20
DEP/ARR INDEX DEPART INTRO
DEPP ARR INDEX can be accessed via DEP ARR on the CDU. The DEPART page will show when the DEP ARR key is pressed if all the following
conditions are true:
The Departure/Arrival (DEP/ARR) Index page will be shown if one of the
following conditions is true then the key is pushed: • An active or modified flight plan exists.
FMS PAGES
• Neither an active or modified flight plan exists. • Neither the SEC FPLN page nor the SEC LEGS page is showing.
• The SEC FPLN page or SEC LEGS page is showing. • The aircraft is on the ground
• The origin or destination airport is not specified. The DEPART page shows a list of Standard Instrument Departures (SID) arranged MESSAGES
in both alphabetical and numeric order. Below the departures are the transi-
The DEP/ARR index page shows the identifiers for the origin and destination
tions available for the selected SID, with the selected procedures being shown
airports for both the ACT and SEC FPLN, so long as the airports have been
in green.
entered on the respective flight plan pages.
On the right side under the RUNWAYS header, a list of runways available for the MV21-INTRO
There is also an entry line for OTHER, which allows departures and arrivals to be
selected airport is presented.
shown for airports not associated with the flight plan.
Page Functions:
• DEP/ARR INX displays the DEP/ARR INDEX page. INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-21
ARRIVAL INTRO
The ARRIVAL page for the origin airport will show when the DEP ARR key is
pressed if all of the below conditions are met:
• An active or modified flight plan exists.
FMS PAGES
• Neither the SEC FPLN page nor the SEC LEGS page is showing.
• The aircraft is airborne and less than 50 nm from the origin airport, or less
than halfway to the destination airport; whichever is least.
MESSAGES
Likewise, the ARRIVAL page for the DEST airport will show if all the conditions
that follow are true:
• An active or modified flight plan exists.
MV21-INTRO
• Neither the SEC FPLN page nor the SEC LEGS page is showing.
• The aircraft is airborne and more than 50 nm from the origin airport or more
than halfway to the destination airport; whichever is least.
The ARRIVAL page shows the same information as the DEPART page, but with INTERFACE
Standard Instrument Arrivals (STARs) instead of SIDs.
Another difference is the approach type being displayed next to the runway, and
this depends on the procedure designation in the nav database. MV21/FGS
Page Functions:
• ARR DATA displays the ARRIVAL DATA page.
CHARTS +
• DEP/ARR IDX displays the DEP/ARR INDEX page. CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-22
ARRIVAL DATA INTRO
ARRIVAL DATA can be accessed via IDX -> ARR DATA.
The ARRIVAL DATA page shows information on the destination airport. If there
is no destination airport entered, this page will remain blank. Likewise, if no FMS PAGES
approach is selected, only the ICAO identifier of the airport will show. The
contents on this page differ based on the selected approach:
• If an ILS approach is selected, the glide slope angle (GS ANGLE), localizer true
bearing (LOC BRG) and localizer frequency (FREQ) will show in addition to the MESSAGES
other information.
• If a non-precision approach is selected, the approach designation, runway and
runway threshold altitude, will also show. GNSS will show between APPROACH
MV21-INTRO
and WGS-84 in the case of a NPA, with YES being shown below GNSS if the
approach is authorized to be flown as a GNSS overlay. NO below GNSS indicates
that it is not allowed to fly the approach as a GNSS OVERLAY.
The data presented here includes: INTERFACE
• APPROACH shows the approach designation and the runway that is selected.
• WGS-84 shows if the World Geodetic System (WGS) is in use for the
approach. MV21/FGS
• RWY ELEV shows the elevation of the runway’s threshold in feet.
• LOC BRG shows the true bearing of the localizer as opposed to the magnetic
bearing. This will not show if the approach does not contain a localizer. CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
• FREQ shows the frequency for the localizer which, again, will not show if the
approach does not utilize a localizer.
• GS ANGLE shows the angle of the glide slope in degrees.
RTU/ESIS
Page Functions:
• ARRIVAL displays the ARRIVAL page. CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-23
MAP DISPLAY MENU INTRO
MAP DISPLAY MENU can be accessed via MFD MENU on the CDU.
The MAP DISPLAY MENU pages are used to control the display of various naviga-
tion-related elements on the MFD, with any combination of items being able to FMS PAGES
be shown, up to the MAX MAP SYMBOLS on the DEFAULTS page. Selected items
will show in green font, while unselected items show in white font.
Page 1/2
MESSAGES
Page Functions:
•NEAREST APTS shows the origin and destination airports, along with the three
airports closest to the present position of the aircraft. This is continuously
updated except when the NEAREST AIRPORTS page is showing on the CDU, in MV21-INTRO
which case the five airports shown on the MFD will match the five airports on
the FMS page.
• HI NAVAIDS shows the high-altitude radio navaids.
INTERFACE
• LO NAVAIDS shows the low altitude radio navaids.
• INTERS shows published intersections from the navigation database.
• TERM WPTS shows published terminal waypoints from the navigation MV21/FGS
database.
• WINDOW when ON or VNAV is selected, a four-line text display of navigation
data is shown just above the map display when the MFD is set to PPOS map or
PLAN MAP display. Selecting OFF will return the MFD to a windowless format.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
Selecting VNAV will show the VNAV information on the right side of the naviga-
tion data.
• SPEED shows the current speed restriction adjacent to waypoints, navaids, or
intersections.
RTU/ESIS
• ALTITUDE shows the reference altitude data adjacent to waypoints, navaids,

or intersections.
• APTS shows airports. CONCLUSION
• MISS APPR shows the plan path for the published missed approach
procedure, which is based upon the approach selected on the arrival page.
• SIDE determines which MFD (left or right) the CDU is controlling. This is not TUTORIALS
implemented in our simulation due to only having 1 MFD.
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-24
MAP DISPLAY MENU DISPLAY ADVANCE INTRO
Page 2/2 DISPLAY ADVANCE can be accessed via MFD ADV on the CDU.
Page Functions: The MFD DISPLAY ADVANCE page is used to scroll the MFD plan map from
• NDBs shows non-directional beacons. waypoint to waypoint along a flight plan route. FMS PAGES
• RNG: ALT SEL shows the arc symbols for range to altitude along the flight Page Functions:
path. This indicates where the aircraft will reach the altitude as set by the pre- • PREV WPT, or Previous Waypoint, selects the previous waypoint in the flight
selector knob. plan as the center of the MFD PLAN MAP.
MESSAGES
• GNSS POS shows the GNSS sensor position symbol. • NEXT WPT selects the next waypoint in the flight plan as the center point of
the MFD plan map.
• TO WPT selects the current TO waypoint in the flight plan as the center point
of the MFD PLAN MAP. MV21-INTRO
• CTR WPT, or Center Waypoint, can be used to make any valid waypoint the
center of the MFD PLAN MAP, and this does not have to be a waypoint along
the flight plan. INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-25
INDEX Page Selections INTRO
For your reference, the various selections available on the 3 INDEX pages and
what they display when selected are as follows:
Selection Display Page FMS PAGES

MCDU MENU MCDU MENU
STATUS STATUS
POS INIT POS INIT MESSAGES
VORDME CTL VOR/DME CONTROL
GNSS CTL GNSS CONTROL
FMS CTL FMS CONTROL MV21-INTRO
GNSS POS GNSS STATUS
FREQUENCY FREQUENCY DATA
HOLD FPLN HOLD
INTERFACE
PROG MANUAL or AUTO PROGRESS
SEC FPLN SEC FPLN
IRS CTL IRS CONTROL
MV21/FGS
ROUTE MENU ROUTE MENU INDEX
DATA BASE DATA BASE
DB DISK OPS DATA BASE DISK OPS CHARTS +
DEFAULTS DEFAULTS CHECKLISTS
ARR DATA ARRIVAL DATA
SEARCH (non-functional) SEARCH INDEX
MARK POINTS MARK POINTS RTU/ESIS
TEMP COMP TEMP COMP
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-26
INDEX INTRO
The INDEX pages can be accessed via IDX on the CDU.
The INDEX pages can be thought of as the main menu of sorts for the FMS. Along
this, if a function key on the CDU is not present for the desired function, the
FMS PAGES
INDEX pages can be used to access whatever it is that you are searching for.
The 3 display pages under the INDEX umbrella and their associated subpages
contain nearly every page that is either not accessible by a CDU key, or is not
automatically prompted by the system when inputting a flight plan. MESSAGES
Page 1/3 is reserved for more common controls and functions such as GNSS CTL,
FMS CTL, FIX, HOLD, PROG, and so on, while pages 2 and 3 contain more ancillary
functions and pages that are not necessarily pertinent to everyday flights such
as temperature compensation (TEMP COMP), as well as DEFAULTS and SEARCH, MV21-INTRO
though SEARCH is not implemented in the consumer version of this product.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-27
MCDU MENU VOR/DME CONTROL INTRO
MCDU MENU can be accessed via IDX -> MCDU MENU. VOR/DME CONTROL can be accessed via IDX -> VORDME CTL.
The MCDU MENU page supplies access to non-FMS controlled functions in the The VOR/DME CONTROL page allows a specific VOR or DME to be inhibited from
real system, though pages such as DL (datalink) and DBU are not simulated in our use by the FMS if the navaid is known to be invalid. This page allows up to eight FMS PAGES
rendition. stations to be inhibited from the FMS’ position computations, with stations being
able to be entered by their identifiers in the various fields.
Page Functions:
If the pilot would prefer to inhibit all VOR or DME usage for position calculations
• FMS 1 displays the STATUS page.
entirely, the VOR and DME USAGE options at the bottom of the page allow for MESSAGES
• GPS 1 POS displays the GNSS STATUS 1/2 page. this.
Page Functions:
• INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page. MV21-INTRO
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-28
FMS CONTROL GNSS CONTROL INTRO
FMS CONTROL can be accessed via IDX -> FMS CTL. GNSS CONTROL can be accessed via IDX -> GNSS CTL.
FMS CONTROL might just take the cake for the most basic page in the entire FMS GNSS CONTROL allows the GNSS sensor to be either enabled or disabled. In the
system. In dual FMS aircraft, this page has more of a purpose, but in a single FMS case of our KA350i, however, only one GNSS sensor is present. FMS PAGES
aircraft such as the Milviz KA350i, the only purpose it serves is to toggle between
magnetic and true heading in the FMS. Page Functions:
Page Functions: • STATUS displays the GNSS STATUS page.
• INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page. • NPA RAIM displays the Non-Precision Approach (NPA) RAIM page. MESSAGES
• SELECT SBAS displays the Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) service
provider selection page. The green font above this selection shows both the MV21-INTRO
number of providers selected and the number of providers available for use.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-29
SBAS SERVICE PROVIDERS NON PRECISION APPROACH RAIM INTRO
SBAS SERVICE PROVIDERS can be accessed via IDX -> GNSS CTL -> SELECT NPA RAIM can be accessed via IDX -> GNSS CTL -> NPA RAIM.
SBAS. The NPA RAIM page allows the pilot to load a time at a destination (DEST) in
The SBAS SERVICE PROVIDERS page allows the pilot to enable or disable a SBAS order to see if Non Precision Approach Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitor- FMS PAGES
service provider. Pushing LSK next to a selection will change the field from ing (RAIM) is available.
ENABLED in green to DISABLED in white. The second field allows out of service satellites to be deselected from use in
Page Functions: RAIM computations, though this is not simulated in our rendition.
MESSAGES
• INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page. Page Functions:
• GNSS CTL displays the GNSS CONTROL page. • INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page.
• GNSS CTL displays the GNSS CONTROL page.
MV21-INTRO
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-30
GNSS STATUS INTRO
GNSS STATUS can be accessed via IDX -> GNSS POS.
The GNSS STATUS page displays the various information and readings that the
GNSS receiver is providing to the aircraft. FMS PAGES
GNSS STATUS 1/2
GNSS STATUS 1/2 displays the following information:
• GNSS shows the GNSS current position. MESSAGES
• TRK/SPD shows the aircraft’s track and speed.
• SAT FAULT indicates if the satellite being used for a precision approach has
a fault indication. YES indicates a fault, whole NO indicates all is functioning MV21-INTRO
properly. SAT faults are not simulated in the system at this time.
• MODE shows whether SBAS is being used for Precision Approach (PA) or Non-
Precision Approach (NPA).
INTERFACE
• POS DIFF shows the difference between the FMS position and the GNSS
position.
• GNSS HEIGHT shows the aircraft height above the WGS-84 ellipsoid.
• GNSS ALT shows the aircraft altitude as computed by the GNSS sensor.
MV21/FGS
• SATELLITES shows the number of satellites being used to present the naviga-
tion solution.
CHARTS +
Page Functions: CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-31
GNSS STATUS 2/2 INTRO
GNSS STATUS 2/2 displays various measurements being provided by the GNSS
sensor:
• HAL, or Horizontal Alert Limit, is the maximum allowable horizontal position
FMS PAGES
error beyond which the system should not be used for vertical approach
guidance.
• HPL, or Horizontal Protection Level, displays the precision of the lateral
position in meters. MESSAGES
• HFOM, or the Horizontal Field of Merit, is the radius of a circle in which the
aircraft’s GPS computed position is guaranteed to be within to a certain, usually
95%, probability.
MV21-INTRO
• HUL, or Horizontal Uncertainty Level, is again a radius of a circle of which
guarantees to a 99% probability that the aircraft’s position will be within it.
• SERVICE IN USE shows the SBAS service provider(s) in use.
INTERFACE
• APPR VAL, or Approach Vertical Alert Limit, is the maximum allowable
vertical position error beyond which the system should not be used for vertical
approach guidance.
• VPL, or Vertical Protection Lateral, displays the precision of the vertical MV21/FGS
position in meters.
• VFOM, or the Vertical Field of Merit, is the radius of a circle in which the
aircraft’s GPS computed position is guaranteed to be within to a certain, usually CHARTS +
95%, probability. CHECKLISTS
• GNSS UNITS allows the configuration of the units of measure that the GNSS
sensor is displaying on both the CDU and MFD GNSS STATUS pages.
Page Functions: RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-32
FREQUENCY DATA INTRO
FREQUENCY DATA can be accessed via IDX -> FREQUENCY.
The FREQUENCY DATA page shows carious communication frequencies associ-
ated with airports. FMS PAGES
This page lists the departure (origin), destination, and alternate airports as
contained in the active flight plan, as well as a space for a pilot-entered airport.
When an airport is selected, the communication data associated with it displays
on this page under the respective fields. Pressing the LSK next to a frequency will MESSAGES
copy it into the scratchpad, making tuning a frequency via the TUNE page quite
easy.
The various frequencies are as follows:
MV21-INTRO
• ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) displays the ATIS frequency of
the selected airport.
• AWOS (Automated Weather Observation Station) displays the AWOS
frequency of the selected airport. INTERFACE
• GND displays the ground frequency of the selected airport.
• TCA (Terminal Control Area) shows the various terminal control (approach,
departure, etc) of the selected airport. MV21/FGS
• RFFS (Rescue and Firefighting Service) shows the frequency that the RFFS can
be reached on for the selected airport.
Page Functions:
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-33
FIX INFO INTRO
FIX INFO can be accessed via IDX -> FIX. The FIX INFO page contains various spots for data entry. These are:
The FIX INFO page is used to create pilot-defined waypoints based on a reference • REF is used to enter the identifier of a reference waypoint for a fix. This can
waypoint, or latitude/longitude crossing. A flight plan can have up to five fixes, be either a waypoint, a navaid, or an airport. Once this is entered, the FIX INFO
page shows the course (CRS), distance (DIST), estimated time en route (ETE) FMS PAGES
with each reference fix showing on an individual FIX INFO page. There are four fix
types: abeam, radial, distance, and latitude/longitude crossing. and estimated fuel remaining from the fix reference to the present position of
the aircraft.
• An abeam fix is the point on the flight plan where the reference waypoint (fix)
is perpendicular to a flight plan leg. This type of fix shows as a small green circle • RAD CROSS is used to enter a specific radial from the reference waypoint MESSAGES
around the fix reference, with a dashed green line from the circle to a small that intersects the flight plan. It should be noted that a REF waypoint must be
white circle at the fix point. inserted in order to enter a RAD CROSS fix.
• A radial fix is the point where a specific radial from the reference waypoint • DIS CROSS is used to enter a specific distance from the reference waypoint
that intersects the flight plan. A REF waypoint must be entered to use DIS MV21-INTRO
intersects the flight plan. This type of fix shows as a small green circle around
the fix reference, with a dashed green line from the circle to a small white circle CROSS.
at the fix point. • LAT CROSS is used to enter a specific a specific latitude coordinate that
• A distance fix is the point where a specific distance from the reference intersects the flight plan. This type of fix does not use REF waypoints, and the INTERFACE
waypoint intersects the flight plan. This shows as a large green circle (or partial coordinates entered must intersect the flight plan or the message NO INTER-
circle) centered over the fix reference, with a radius equal to the specified SECTION will show. If a REF waypoint is entered, both the LAT and LON CROSS
distance from the fix reference along with a small white circle at the point entry fields will show dashes.
where the large circle intersects the course line. • LON CROSS is used in exactly the same way as LON CROSS. MV21/FGS
• A latitude or longitude fix is the point where the specified latitude or • ABEAM REF is used to select a fix abeam the entered REF waypoint.
longitude entry intersects the flight plan. This type shows as a small white circle
at the point on the flight plan where the specified latitude or longitude inter- CHARTS +
sects the flight plan. CHECKLISTS
The DATA TILE field at the bottom of the page displays the type of route to the
waypoint, along with the identifier. For example:
• REF will be shown as DIRECT TO [REF identifier]. RTU/ESIS
• FIX will be shown as ALONG TRK.
• ABEAM will be shown as ABEAM [REF identifier].
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-34
FPLN HOLD INTRO
FPLN HOLD can be accessed via IDX -> HOLD.
When the HOLD LSK on the INDEX page is pushed, and one hold already exists in
the flight plan, the FPLN HOLD page will display.
FMS PAGES
This page shows various information about the holding fix, the type of entry
(direct or teardrop, parallel), the holding pattern, along with the speeds for the
existing hold:
• FIX ENTRY identifies the holding pattern fix and the type of entry into the MESSAGES
holding pattern (DIRECT, TEARDP, or PARALL).
• HOLD SPD allows the selection between FAA or ICAO recommended holding
speed values, with the default being FAA. MV21-INTRO
• QUAD/RADIAL shoes the quadrant and radial on which the holding pattern
is based on. This is only used if the aircraft is cleared to hold in a particular
cardinal direction (quadrant) from a specified fix off a VOR radial. When this
value is entered, the FMS automatically computes the inbound for the hold. INTERFACE
• MAX KIAS shows the maximum recommended holding speed in knots, and
this changes based on the HOLD SPD selection (either FAA or ICAO).
• INBD CRS/DIR shows the inbound course (INBD CRS) and direction (DIR) of MV21/FGS
turns for the holding pattern. This can be modified by the pilot if necessary.
• FIX ETA shows the estimated time of arrival (ETA) at the holding fix and is
based on the distance around the holding pattern. CHARTS +
• LEG TIME shows the duration of the pattern leg in minutes, and this can be CHECKLISTS
changed manually if necessary. A change here will make the FMS recompute
the LEG DIST as a function of ground speed and leg time.
• EFC TIME shoes the Expect Further Clearance (EFC) time, which is entered by RTU/ESIS
the pilot.
• LEG DIST shows the length of the pattern leg in nautical miles. This can be
manually changed if necessary and, if it is altered, has the FMS recompute the CONCLUSION
LEG TIME using ground speed and leg length.
The selection NEW HOLD shows the ACT LEGS page with the HOLD AT prompt to
enter a new holding fix. Selecting a fix from that page will create a new hold at
the designated fix. TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-35
PROGRESS INTRO
PROGRESS can be accessed via IDX -> PROG.
The PROGRESS page shows flight plan and performance data that is based on
the measured fuel flow and ground speed. The page title changes to MANUAL
FMS PAGES
PROGRESS when MANUAL mode on the FUEL MGMT page is active (engines off),
and the data shown is based on the pilot-entered fuel flow and/or ground speed
as entered on the FUEL MGMT page.
The LAST waypoint is the last waypoint passed in the flight plan, with the distance MESSAGES
(DIST) being from that waypoint to the aircraft’s current position. The FUEL-LB
value is the fuel remaining at that waypoint.
The TO waypoint is the active waypoint, with dashes showing if there is no active
waypoint due to either a discontinuity or having passed the last waypoint in the MV21-INTRO
flight plan. DIST is the distance to the TO waypoint, ETE is the estimated time en
route to the TO waypoint, and FUEL-LB is the current remaining fuel.
The NEXT waypoint is the waypoint that follows the TO waypoint in the flight INTERFACE
plan, except in the case that the TO waypoint is a holding fix. DIST to the NEXT
waypoint is the distance from the current position of the aircraft to the NEXT
waypoint, with ETE being the estimated time en route, and FUEL-LB being the
projected remaining fuel upon reaching the NEXT waypoint. MV21/FGS
The DEST waypoint is the same as the DEST airport on the FPLN page, and this
field will show dashes if there is no destination airport. DIST, ETE, and FUEL-LB
are projected and calculated from the current position of the aircraft along the
CHARTS +
flight plan route. CHECKLISTS
Like the DEST waypoint, the ALTN waypoint is the same as the ALTN airport on
the FPLN page. If no alternate is entered, dashes will show in this field. DIST,
ETE, and FUEL-LB are projected and calculated from the current position of the
RTU/ESIS
aircraft to the ALTN airport.
At the bottom of the page, the navigation sensors used by the FMS are annun-
ciated:
• DME/DME indicates two or more DMEs are being used. CONCLUSION
• VOR/DME1 indicates that the VOR/DME pair as tuned on the NAV 1 radio are
being used.
• VOR/DME2 indicates that the VOR/DME pair as tuned on the NAV 2 radio are TUTORIALS
being used.
• GNSS indicates GNSS is being used for computing an FMS navigation solution.
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-36
IRS CONTROL INTRO
IRS CONTROL can be accesses via IDX -> IRS CTL.
The IRS CONTROL page is used to either enable or disable the use of data from
the IRS sensors by the FMS. Additionally, it is also used to set the IRS heading FMS PAGES
when the IRS is in ATT MODE.
The POS DIFF (Position Differences) field shows the difference between the
position of each IRS sensor and the position calculated by the FMS. The current
DRIFT rate, shown in nm/hr, is displayed directly below this. MESSAGES
Pushing the LSK next to IRS will either enable or disable the sensor, with ENABLED
showing in green font and disabled showing in white.
Page Functions: MV21-INTRO
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-37
ROUTE MENU PILOT ROUTE LIST INTRO
ROUTE MENU can be accessed via IDX -> ROUTE MENU. PILOT ROUTE LIST can be accessed via IDX -> ROUTE MENU -> PILOT ROUTE
LIST.
The ROUTE MENU page shows an index of the route lists available from which to
selected preplanned flight plan routes. The PILOT ROUTE LIST page shows a list of the routes stored in the FMS. A route FMS PAGES
can be selected from the list by pushing the LSK adjacent to the route.
Page Functions:
Page Functions:
• PILOT ROUTE LIST displays the PILOT ROUTE LIST page.
• SEC FPLN displays the SEC FPLN page.
• DISK ROUTE LIST displays the DISK ROUTE LIST page. This page is displayable MESSAGES
but non-functional in the simulated rendition. • ROUTE MENU displays the ROUTE MENU page.
• FPLN RECALL displays the FPLN RECALL page, which is not implemented or • ACT STORE saves the current ACT FPLN and adds it to the PILOT ROUTE LIST.
simulated in the Milviz rendition. • SEC STORE saves the SEC FPLN and adds it to the PILOT ROUTE LIST. MV21-INTRO
• FPLN WIND displays the FPLN WIND UPDATE page.
• SEC FPLN displays the SEC FPLN page.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-38
DATA BASE PILOT WPT LIST INTRO
DATA BASE can be accessed via IDX -> DATA BASE. PILOT WPT LIST can be accessed via IDX -> DATA BASE -> PILOT WPT LIST.
The DATA BASE page allows for the entry of an airport ICAO identifier, and displays The PILOT WPT LIST page shows a list of all pilot-defined waypoints in the FMS
the various data and location associated with the identifier. database. Up to 100 waypoints can be stored in the database, with 10 being
FMS PAGES
shown per page. For information on how to define a pilot waypoint, see the
The LONG RWY field shows the length of the longest runway either in feet or
tutorial later in this manual.
meters, which is configurable at the bottom of the page.
Page Functions
The ARP Location shows the geographic center of the airport, along with the
magnetic variation of the area. • DATA BASE displays the DATA BASE page. MESSAGES
NAME depicts the full name of the airport, and RUNWAY LENGTH provides an • DEFINE WPT displays the DEFINE PILOT WPT page.
option to either show lengths in feet or meters.
ELEV is the elevation of the airport in MSL. MV21-INTRO
Page Functions:
• TERM WPTS displays the TERM WAYPOINT DATA page.
• LOCALIZERS displays the LOCALIZERS DATA page. INTERFACE
• RUNWAYS displays the RUNWAY DATA page.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-39
DEFINE PILOT WPT INTRO
DEFINE PILOT WPT can be accessed via IDX -> DATA BASE -> DEFINE WPT.
The DEFINE PILOT WPT page is used to create and name pilot-defined waypoints.
Up to 100 pilot defined waypoints can then be stored in the database, then FMS PAGES
accessed via the PILOT WPT page.
The PILOT WPT page has the following selections:
• IDENT is used to enter a unique name for the pilot-defined waypoint. This
MESSAGES
identifier can be up to five characters, with both letters and numbers being
supported.
• LATITUDE and LONGITUDE are used to define a waypoint by latitude and
longitude coordinates. The format for data entry here is N (or S) DDMM.MM MV21-INTRO
(W or E) DDDMM.MM where D represents degrees and M represents minutes.
• PLACE BRG/DIST is used to define a waypoint by a bearing and distance from
a base waypoint. The format for data entry here is a base waypoint identifier,
followed by a bearing in degrees, a slash, and a distance value. A few rules apply INTERFACE
here, and that is the base waypoint identifiers must be valid navigation aids, en
route intersections, NDBs, airport reference points, or pilot defined waypoints.
Additionally, distance entries are limited to 199.9 nm, with distance values of 0
being not accepted. MV21/FGS
• PLACE BRG/PLACE BRG is used to define a waypoint by the intersection of
bearings from two different base waypoints.
CHARTS +
Page Functions: CHECKLISTS
• STORE WPT stores the new waypoint in the PILOT WPT LIST.
• RETURN returns the display to the previous display page.
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-40
DEFAULTS DEFAULTS 2/4 INTRO
DEFAULTS can be accessed via IDX –> DEFAULTS. On DEFAULTS 2/4, the following values are available to modify:
The DEFAULTS pages show default values for the performance values that show • Climb speed in knots/Mach.
on the performance-related pages. The settings on the DEFAULTS pages remain • Cruise speed in knots/Mach. FMS PAGES
in effect until they are changed. However, any of the DEFAULTS values on the
various display pages of a flight plan can be overridden for the purpose of the • Descent speed in Mach/knots.
flight plan. When a flight plan is loaded and values on the DEFAULTS page, these • Descent angle in degrees.
changes will not take effect until a new flight plan is loaded.
• Speed/Altitude limit (SPD/ALT LIMIT). MESSAGES
On DEFAULTS 1/4, the following values are available to modify:
• Flight Level/Transition altitude (FL/TRNS ALT).
• Basic Operating Weight (BOW).
• Average Passenger Weight (AVG PASS WT). MV21-INTRO
• RESERVE FUEL in pounds.
• MAX MAP SYMBOLS (MAX MAP SYMB). This determines the maximum
number of map symbols that can be shown on the MFD MAP.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-41
DEFAULTS 3/4 DEFAULTS 4/4 INTRO
On DEFAULTS 3/4, the following values are available to modify/select: On DEFAULTS 4/4, the following values are available to modify/select:
• DME USAGE determines whether the FMS will use DMEs to calculate the • REDUCED HALF BANK sets the bank angle in degrees for the REDUCED HALF
position of the aircraft. Pressing the LSK next to it will toggle the option BANK mode.
FMS PAGES
between YES and NO. • TEMP COMP enables or disables the use of TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION.
• VOR USAGE determines whether the FMS will use VORs to calculate the • FINAL VPA enables the toggle between either uncompensated or compensat-
position of the aircraft. Pressing the LSK next to it will toggle the option ed Vertical Path Angle (VPA).
between YES and NO. MESSAGES
• Nearest Airports Minimum Runway (NEAREST APTS MIN RWY) will determine
the minimum runway length for runways displayed on the NEAREST APTS page.
• Flight Log on Landing (FLT LOG ON LDG) determines whether the FLIGHT LOG MV21-INTRO
page will automatically display upon landing.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-42
MARK POINTS INTRO
MARK POINTS can be accessed via IDX -> MARK POINTS.
The MARK POINTS page is part of the SEARCH capability of the FMS, and though
this is not simulated in the entertainment version of the KA350i, the MARK
FMS PAGES
POINTS function is still operable.
This function allows the pilot to record a location and altitude during anytime
in the flight. Up to 20 mark points can be recorded, and when the MARK LSK is
pushed, a new mark point is generated, which includes the date, time, altitude, MESSAGES
and geographical coordinates. The dashed lines above each point allows the pilot
to enter a description of the point of up to 22 characters. Once a mark point is
entered, it cannot be edited.
If 20 mark points exist and another one is added, the oldest point is dropped MV21-INTRO
from the bottom of the list and the new point is added to the top.
Page Functions:
•MARK will set the current position of the aircraft as a mark point, along with INTERFACE
the time, date, and altitude it was created at.
• RETURN displays the INDEX 1/3 page.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
FMS PAGES 2-43
TEMP COMP The various selections and values on this page are as follows:
INTRO
TEMP COMP can be accessed via IDX -> TEMP COMP. • SEL APT is used to manually select the airport for which temperature compen-
sation is to be applied for. Pushing the LSK adjacent to this cycles between the
The basic purpose of the Temperature Compensation (TEMP COMP) page is to. origin and destination airport. The default selection is the origin airport when
Well, compensate various values for nonstandard barometric pressures. the aircraft is either within 50 nm of the airport or less than halfway along the FMS PAGES
As barometric altimeters are calibrated to indicate true altitude only under In- flight plan route. Otherwise, the destination will be the default.
ternational Standard Atmosphere (ISA) conditions of both temperature and sea • OAT is used to enter the Outside Air Temperature for the selected airport. OAT
level pressure. If the temperature is higher than the ISA value, the true altitude is a required input in order to compute temp comp data. With TEMP COMP off,
will be higher than the altitude as indicated by the aircraft, and vice versa. dashes indicate that this is an optional entry. Values here can be either C or F, in MESSAGES
The FMS flies VNAV on a non-precision approach using the barometric altimeter the format of [temperature] with a C or F suffix.
for the altitude sensor, and this can cause deviations from the published altitude/ • ISA DEV is used to show the FMS-calculated deviation from the ISA tempera-
VPA unless these values are compensated for the nonstandard temperature. ture based in the OAT value and the elevation of the selected airport. MV21-INTRO
The TEMP COMP page supplies a mechanism to have the FMS automatically • TEMP COMP is used to toggle the function on or off.
compensate both the altitude constraints and vertical path angle associated with
the approach, approach transition, and missed approach. • MSL ALT is available when the OAT for the selected airport has been entered,
and this field allows the MSL altitude for the airfield to be entered. INTERFACE
• CORR shows the difference between the compensated value and the original
value. This shows the pilot the amount of compensation or correction that has
been applied; the difference between the original and compensated values is
shown in small white font. MV21/FGS
• COMP ALT shows the result of applying temperature compensation to the
MSL alt as entered by the pilot. This is shown in small white font, and a minus
(-) sign indicates a negative correction value. CHARTS +
Page Functions:
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
MESSAGES 3-1
FMS Messages INTRO
Our simulation of the FMS shows various messages on the CDU, PFD, and MFD Crew Awareness Message Display Criteria
displays. On the CDU (FMS), there are two display lines that show messages: one
VNAV is active and either of the following
is called the scratchpad line and the other is the message line. is true:
FMS PAGES
Messages that show on the scratchpad line are generally related to using the • (Climb) The preselected altitude is
DBU and maintenance operations. These messages show in white on the display not higher than the current barometric
for approximately one second, then the previous entry returns for correction or CHECK ALT SEL (White) altitude of the aircraft, and the aircraft is
deletion. For scratchpad messages, the PFD and MFD do not show annuncia- within 45 seconds of a bottom of climb.
MESSAGES
tions, and the messages do not show on the MESSAGES page either. • (Descent) The preselected altitude is
MSG (White)
Likewise, messages that show on the message line are generally related to the not lower than the current barometric
system operation, and most of these also show on the MESSAGES page. For altitude of the aircraft, and the aircraft is
within 45 seconds of a top of descent and
many of these, PFD and/or MFD annunciations are generated at the same time. MV21-INTRO
approach condition is not active.
In the case of multiple messages being generated at once, the most important
and/or the most recent are shown. Shows when the position entered during
position initialization is greater than 40
RESET INITIAL POS (Yellow)
The MESSAGES page stores all the current active and past messages that were NM from the last known FMS position.
generated for the message line. MSG (Yellow) Because of this, the FMS is requesting INTERFACE
that the initial position be reentered for
The following charts follows the format of CDU annunciations on the top and verification.
PFD annunciations directly below that. These annunciations and messages will
Shows when the next altitude constraint
display in either white or yellow, and the color that each message/annunciation MV21/FGS
cannot be cleared in the flight plan at
is displayed in will be in parentheses next to the message. the present rate of climb or descent.
The messages and annunciations as described here are all the messages and This message also shows when the
annunciations that are implemented in our simulation of the FMS. The benefit of UNABLE NEXT ALT (Yellow) climb or descent is insufficient for at
least 1 minute or more. Also shows CHARTS +
this approach is that, if our FMS can generate it, the message and the criteria for CHECKLISTS
that an automatic vertical direct-to
its display will be found and described here.
MSG (Yellow) has been attempted, and it cannot be
performed because the required descent
path exceeds the maximum VPA for the
aircraft. This message does not show RTU/ESIS
when the FMS is in an altitude hold
mode.
Shows when there is an error in an
altitude constraint because it results in CONCLUSION
CHECK FPLN ALT (White)
a reversal of a climb or descent altitude
MSG (White) (VNAV), or the aircraft has exceeded a
down-track altitude constraint.
EXEC FPLN MOD (Yellow) Shows when a modified flight plan exists TUTORIALS
and no CDU keyboard activity has been
MSG (White)
observed for 15 seconds.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MESSAGES 3-2
Crew Awareness Message Display Criteria Crew Awareness Message Display Criteria INTRO
Shows when the aircraft is at or within LOC WILL BE TUNED (White) Shows when the FMS is within 30 seconds
31 NM of the destination airport, a of automatically tuning the localizer and
CHECK LOC TUNING (White) MSG (White)
localizer-based approach is selected and the radio tuning mode is set to MANUAL.
MSG (White) enabled, and the navigation frequency INITIALIZE POSITION (Yellow) Shows when the FMS has not been FMS PAGES
does not match the tuned value of the initialized.
FMS. MSG (Yellow)
NO FLIGHT PLAN (White) Shows when the FMS does not have an Shows when VPATH mode automatically
active flight plan. reverts to VPITCH mode. This occurs
NO FLIGHT PLAN (White) NO VPATH CONDITION (White) MESSAGES
because either the aircraft crossed a
Shows when the aircraft configuration MSG (White) vertical discontinuity in the descent path
supports an FMS map display on the PFD, or a flight plan edit occurred that caused
NO TXT WHEN PFD MAP (White)
the PFD is currently showing a present the active descent path to move.
position map, and the MFD DATA function NO VPATH THIS LEG (White) Shows when the flight plan sequences to
MV21-INTRO
key was pushed to show FMS text on the a new leg that is a holding pattern. When
MFD. MSG (White)
this occurs, VPATH automatically changes
FPLN DISCONTINUITY (yellow) Shows when the flight plan has to VPITCH.
sequenced past, or is within 2 minutes of NO VPATH XTK (White) Shows when VPATH mode has automat-
INTERFACE
MSG (Yellow)
sequencing past, the last waypoint before ically reverted to VPITCH mode because
DISCONTINUITY (White) a flight plan discontinuity. MSG (White)
the cross-track deviation has exceeded
• Shows when the FMS is not using GNSS the specified limits.
position data as part of its calculations to Shows when VPATH mode has automat- MV21/FGS
determine position. ically reverted to VPITCH mode because
NO VPATH VECTORS (White)
• Shows if the GNSS has been unavailable there is a heading leg in the FMS flight
GNSS NOT AVAILABLE (Yellow) for at least 2 minutes in the terminal MSG (White) plan. Message also clears after the aircraft
environment of the destination airport, passes the heading leg. CHARTS +
MSG (Yellow) CHECKLISTS
or at least 30 seconds in the approach NO VPATH- TAE (White) Shows when VPATH mode has automat-
environment of the destination airport for ically reverted to VPITCH mode because
non-SBAS approaches. MSG (White)
the Track Angle Error (TAE) has exceeded
SBAS LPV approaches will show this the specified limits. RTU/ESIS
message within 2.5 seconds when flying Shows when selection of a vertical
approaches requiring the GNSS sensors. autopilot mode while flying VPATH.
NO VPATH- PILOT CMD (White)
Shows when the FMS is not using GNSS VPATH automatically recaptures only after
position data as part of its calculations MSG (White) vertical deviation exceeds one dot and CONCLUSION
GNSS NOT AVAILABLE (White) the aircraft is maneuvered back to the
to determine position. Shows when the
MSG (White) GNSS has been unavailable for at least VPATH path.
5 minutes in the oceanic, remote or en
route environment.
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MESSAGES 3-3
Pilot Operation Message Display Criteria Pilot Operation Message Display Criteria INTRO
Shows at the right side of the message Shows when the waypoint specified
line anytime an active flight plan is by the intersection of radials from two
EXEC (White)
modified, or when a new flight plan is navaids does not exist because the radials
activated. do not intersect, or the radial or distance FMS PAGES
INVALID DELETE (White) Shows when an attempt is made to delete NO INTERSECTION (White) does not intercept a flight plan leg. This
data that cannot be deleted with the message also shows when trying to enter
DELETE function. an airway for which there is neither an
entry or exit waypoint already in the flight
Shows when a Direct-To request cannot plan. MESSAGES
be complied with because any of the
conditions below are true: NOT IN DATABASE (White) Shows when the identifier entered in
the scratchpad is not in the navigation
• The selected Direct-To waypoint is not a database.
geographical waypoint. MV21-INTRO
NOT ON AIRWAY (White) Shows when an attempt to enter an exit
INVALID DIRECT-TO (White) • The vertical Direct-To was requested waypoint for an airway failed because the
to an altitude that is above the baromet- waypoint is not part of the airway.
ric altitude of the aircraft or requires a
Shows when the FMS has determined INTERFACE
descent path that exceeds the maximum
that the aircraft is not on the ground and
VPA.
the pilot has attempted to perform one of
• There is a VECTORS leg or discontinuity the following actions:
between the current aircraft position and
• Select an active database MV21/FGS
the target waypoint.
NOT ON GROUND (White) • Load a database
INVALID ENTRY (White) Shows when the data entry is invalid
(invalid format, value out of range, etc.) • Transfer a pilot route
for the attempted data entry field.
• Specify an origin airport in the active- CHARTS +
INVALID ROUTE (White) Shows when an attempt is made to store flight plan. CHECKLISTS
a route that does not have any waypoints.
The above actions are not permitted
Shows when eight GNSS satellites are while the aircraft is airborne.
disabled on the NPA RAIM page and an
LIST FULL (White) RTU/ESIS
attempt was made to disable another
one. Only eight satellites can be disabled
at one time.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21 INTRODUCTION 4-1
MV-21 Introduction INTRO
Like the FMS, the MV-21 is a simulation of the avionics system that is featured
in the real aircraft. Though we can’t say the actual trademark name of the
system or company, we hope that it should be fairly obvious what real-world
system we are talking about when we refer to the MV-21. FMS PAGES
The MV-21 is an integrated flight instrument, autopilot, and navigation system.
All of these functions are combined into a highly reliable and compact system
which is designed for ease of use and a reduced workload on the flight deck. MESSAGES
The system is made up of a variety of components, which include the PFD,
MFD, CDU, RTU, DCP, and CCP. All of these terms and their various components
will be described in this section of the manual, though CDU (FMS) specific
functions will be referred back to the FMS section of this manual, where nearly MV21-INTRO
every function and selection available has been covered already.
What is covered below represents a comprehensive look at the various pages/
display options, panels and autopilot/VNAV modes that might present a
challenge to users new to the workings of the system. With this being said, not INTERFACE
every aspect about the system will be covered; there is simply too much to
cover, the majority of which is not applicable to a simulation environment.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS / MV21
INTERFACE 5-1
Flight Guidance Panel INTRO
The primary means of control for the Flight Guidance System (FGS) is the Flight • The Speed knob is used to set the speed bug on the PFD.
Guidance Panel (FGP). On this panel are controls for the autopilot, yaw damper, • The IAS/MACH button is used to toggle the speed bug between IAS or Mach.
flight directors, as well as the lateral and vertical modes of the FGS such as NAV
and VNAV. • The Vertical Speed (VS) button is used to select or deselect vertical speed FMS PAGES
mode.
The various control elements of the FGP are:
• The VNAV button either selects or deselects the VNAV function.
• The Flight Director (FD) buttons are used to either select or deselect the flight
director. The left FD button will control the left-side flight director, and vice • The UP/DOWN thumbwheel is used to either set the vertical speed reference MESSAGES
versa. when in VS mode or set the pitch reference angle when pitch hold mode is
active.
• The Course 1 and Course 2 (CRS1 and CRS2) knobs are used to set the active
VOR or LOC course pointer. CRS1 is used to set the left-side course arrow, and • The ALT button is used to either select or deselect altitude hold mode. This is
vice versa. also used to set the preselector altitude. MV21-INTRO
• The Navigation (NAV) button is used to either select or deselect NAV mode. • The Autopilot (AP) button engages and disengages the autopilot and yaw
damper.
• The Heading (HDG) button is used to either select or deselect heading select
mode. The HDG knob is also used to set the heading bug on the PFD, while • The Yaw Damper (YD) button is used to engage the yaw damper as well as INTERFACE
PUSH SYNC sets the HDG bug under the lubber line of the current heading. disengage both the autopilot and yaw damper.
• The Approach (APPR) button is used to select and deselect approach mode. • The Couple (CPL) button Is used to select either the pilot-side or co-pilot side
flight guidance channel, preselect altitude reference values, and vertical speed.
• The Half-Bank ( ½ BANK) button is used to select and deselect half bank mode MV21/FGS
• The YD/AP DISC bar is used to disengage the autopilot and yaw damper by
• The FLC (Flight Level Change) button is used to select and deselect flight level removing power to the servo clutches. This is mainly used in an emergency
change mode. situation.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
INTERFACE 5-2
Cursor Control Panel INTRO
The Cursor Control Panel (CCP) is used to select and control the Integrated Flight • STAT is used to show a menu of various formats, such as database effectivity
Information System (IFIS) functions via MFD menus as well as checklist control. and chart subscription. The maintenance functionality of this button is not
Included in the IFIS are electronic charts, enhanced maps, and graphical weather. implemented in the simulation.
Dedicated controls are available for chart selection, a joystick for panning and • MEM 1/2/3 can be used to store and recall the current display format of the FMS PAGES
zooming of charts, MFD format access keys, as well as MFD menu controls. MFD
The various control elements on the DCP are: • CHART shows the last chart in view.
• MENU ADV positions the menu cursor around the desired shortcut, menu • Orientation rotates the chart 90 degrees upon the first push, while the second MESSAGES
item, or entry field. Right clicking this moves the cursor down, while left clicking push rotates it back to the original orientation.
moves the cursor up the page. This is also used for checklist control.
• ZOOM is used to operate the charts as a chart is initially scaled to fit the
• PUSH SELECT selects the item highlighted by the menu cursor. This is also display, no matter if it is in portrait or landscape. The first push of this increases
used for checklist control. MV21-INTRO
the size of the area inside the pan/zoom window, while the second push
• DATA moves forward through the characters when data entry mode is active. returns the chart to its full scale.
When a chart is in view, this knob cycles through the list of charts associated • The joystick is used to operate the electronic charts. The joystick can be
with the airport whose chart is in view. moved to move the pan/zoom window to the desired area of the chart. INTERFACE
• MENU shows a top-level menu or closes all active menus. Pushing this with
no chart menu in view will show the Chart Main Index, pushing this with the
PLAN map on the MFD will show the MFD map menu, and with a graphical
weather image on the MFD, will show the Graphical Weather Main Menu. MV21/FGS
• ESC backs up one level through the menu tree for each push of the button
until the top level is reached.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
INTERFACE 5-3
Display Control Panel INTRO
The Display Control Panel (DCP) provides the primary pilot interface to control the
Adaptive Flight Displays (AFDs). Control of engine data, weather radar operation,
navigation sources, bearing pointers, as well as speed and altitude references is
via the DCP along with the LSKs on the flight display. FMS PAGES
When a DCP menu button is pushed, the appropriate menu displays on the PFD;
with a menu in view, the PFD LSKs are active. 2 DCPs are installed, one for the
pilot-side system and one for the copilot-side system.
MESSAGES
The various control elements of the DCP are:
• BARO is used to control the barometric pressure setting and to cancel the
FL180 alert.
MV21-INTRO
• PUSH STD is in the center of the BARO knob and is used to set the standard
barometric pressure for use in the flight levels. Clicking this with the mouse
scroll when will toggle between STD and BARO on the altimeter.
• REFS selects and deselects the REFS menu on the PFD. The REFS menu will be INTERFACE
covered more in depth later in this manual.
• MENU ADV moves the cyan selection box between different controls/menus
on the PFD.
MV21/FGS
• DATA changes the state/value identified by the cyan selection box on the PFD.
• PUSH SELECT changes the state identified by the cyan selection box on the
PFD. CHARTS +
• NAV/BRG selects and deselects the NAV and BRG SOURCE menus on the PFD. CHECKLISTS
These menus will be covered more in depth later in this manual.
• RADAR selects and deselects the RADAR menu on the on-side PFD.
RTU/ESIS
• GCS selects and deselects the Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS) feature of
the weather radar.
• TILT controls the tilt angle of the weather radar antenna.
CONCLUSION
• RANGE controls the range for both navigation and hazard avoidance maps on
the PFD and MFD. The available display ranges are: 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, and
300 nm. The TCAS Only format of the display supports ranges of 5, 10, 25 and
50 nm.
TUTORIALS
• PUSH AUTO TILT selects and deselects the automatic antenna tilt feature of
the weather radar.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
INTERFACE 5-4
Remote Switches INTRO
For the purpose of this manual, we’ll refer to buttons not on previously covered • The DG/SLAVE switch is used to select either the Directional Gyro (DG) or the
displays or control units as the Remote Switches. These can be found in a row slaved magnetic heading mode of the on-side AHS.
below the MFD and RTU. • The SLEW switch is used to slew the heading computations in the AHC
towards the selected direction. The ‘-‘ will move the compass card clockwise, FMS PAGES
The various remote switch control elements are:
while ‘+’ moves the compass card counterclockwise.
• The ADC Reversion switch is used to select the cross-side ADC as the source
for air data. • The Emergency FREQ switch tunes COM1 to the emergency frequency of
121.5 when it is pressed. MESSAGES
• The AHS Reversion switch is used to select the cross-side Attitude Heading
Computer (AHC) as the source for both attitude and heading data. • The GND COM button is used to power-up the RTU and VHF COM transceiver
when the battery is off. When the battery is on, this button is disabled.
• The ATC1/STBY/ATC2 switch is used to select the active ATC Transponder or to
select standby on both transponders. • The PILOT DISPLAY switch is used to select a combined PFD/MFD format on MV21-INTRO
the selected display after a display failure.
• The CDU/RTU Reversion switch is used to restore full tuning capability to the
CDU or RTU after a failure; the CDU position restores full tuning capability to • The PROP SYNC button synchronizes the propeller RPM of engine 1 and
the CDU (blanking the RTU in the process), and the RTU position restores full engine 2 when it is pressed.
tuning capability to the RTU. • The RMT TUNE switch toggles the FMS autotune feature on and off.
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-1
FGS Operation Autopilot:
INTRO
The autopilot portion of the MV-21 and its integration with the aircraft has been Pilot input to the autopilot system is via the FGP, as well as the switches on the
one of the most misunderstood topics of the avionics system, perhaps only yoke. Engaging the autopilot automatically engages the yaw damper.
second to VNAV and its operation. With this in mind, we are dedicating an entire Pushing the AP button engages the autopilot if the following criteria are met:
section of this manual to explaining the function and use of every button and FMS PAGES
knob on the FGS panel, which controls the autopilot. • The AP/YD DISC bar on the FGP is in the up position.
Flight Directors: • No unusual attitudes, rates, or accelerations are occurring.
The pilot can fly the airplane in response to FGS commands as shown by the The autopilot automatically disconnects when: MESSAGES
flight director command bars. When the autopilot is engaged, the autopilot • A stall condition is detected.
maneuvers the airplane in response to FGS commands.
• The extreme attitude limits are exceeded.
Pushing the FD button shows the flight director on the on-side PFD. Addition-
The autopilot can be disconnected when the following occurs: MV21-INTRO
ally, FGS mode messages show on both PFDs when either side flight director is
selected. • The AP button on the FGP is pushed,
Both flight directors are automatically enabled upon: • The YD is disconnected with the YD button on the FGP.
• Autopilot engagement. • The pitch trim switch is operated. INTERFACE
• Manual selection of go around mode. • The AP/YD DISC bar on the FGP is moved down,
• Automatic selection of overspeed mode. Autopilot disengagement is annunciated by the following warnings, and
these can be canceled by pushing either the AP/YD DIS button or the Go MV21/FGS
Flight Guidance Transfer:
Around button:
Flight guidance can be transferred from the on-side to the cross-side flight
• A flashing red AP on the PFD.
guidance channel when the CPL button is pressed. Flight guidance transfer is
annunciated by a green arrow on the PFD pointing in the direction selected. • Autopilot disconnect horn sounds. CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
Half Bank: Yaw Damper:
Half-Bank mode is used to limit the bank angle to half the maximum allowable The Yaw Damper dampens yaw and provides turn coordination when the
bank angle and reduces the maximum commanded bank angle to 15 degrees. autopilot is engaged and is automatically selected upon autopilot engagement. RTU/ESIS
This mode has no effect on roll hold mode operation, however. Rudder Boost:
This mode is automatically selected if either the FD is selected or the autopilot The rudder boost system applies rudder torque when asymmetric thrust exceeds
is engaged and the airplane climbs through a pressure altitude of 18, 500 feet. limits. This extra rudder torque helps to compensate for the asymmetric thrust
Likewise, half-bank is automatically deselected when the aircraft descends condition caused by an engine failure. The system monitors for asymmetric thrust
CONCLUSION
through 18,500 feet, or the go-around mode is selected. Pushing the half-bank that exceeds limits, and automatically intervenes when necessary to reduce the
button on the FGP manually deselects half bank. yaw motion due to the failure.
For the system to work, the AP/YD DISC bar on the FGP needs to be up, and the TUTORIALS
rudder boost switch on the center pedestal must be in the ARM position. When
the system is activated, the yaw damper is suspended but smoothly resumes
operation when the system is deactivated.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-2
Autopilot Modes Approach Mode (Manual Operation):
INTRO
The autopilot simulation that is included with the MV-21 has various different The Approach mode generates commands to capture and track the on-side NAV
modes of operation, and these are detailed below. Each of these modes provides source, provided the selected NAV source is an ILS. Prior to capture, the flight
an annunciation message at the top of the PFD, and these messages and their director continues to operate in the currently active lateral mode. Precision
meanings are covered later in this manual. approach mode is automatically selected once both sides have captured an ILS. FMS PAGES
Roll Mode: Manual approach mode can be activated by using the CRS knobs on the FGP to
select both the pilot and co-pilot courses, then pressing thee APPR button on
Roll mode holds the roll reference when no other lateral modes are active. Upon
the FGP.
selection of roll mode, the roll reference is set to the current bank angle if the MESSAGES
angle is greater than 5 degrees. If the angle is less than 5 degrees, the reference Approach Mode (FMS Operation):
is set to the current heading, When an approach has been selected the FMS, the preselected course and
Roll mode is automatically selected when: frequency are automatically set 30 nm from the airport. The FMS approach
mode generates commands to capture and track the on-side preselected nav MV21-INTRO
• No other lateral mode is active.
source, provided the selected NAV source is an ILS. Precision approach mode is
• Flight guidance transfer is selected. automatically selected once both sides have captured an ILS.
Roll mode is automatically deselected by either manual selection or automatic If descending on a VNAV path and the system does the auto-switching for the INTERFACE
selection or capture of another lateral active mode. localizer but the glideslope has not become active yet, the FMS VNAV path will
Heading Select Mode: be maintained until the glideslope is intercepted, at which time the system will
switch to glideslope.
Heading Select mode captures and tracks the selected heading reference
as shown on the PFD by both the heading bug and digital readout. Moving MV21/FGS
the heading bug via the HDG knob on the FGP will slew the heading select
mode reference to the new value and pushing the knob will sync the heading
reference to the current airplane heading. CHARTS +
The manual or automatic selection or capture of another lateral mode CHECKLISTS
deselects the heading select mode.
Navigation Mode:
RTU/ESIS
Navigation, or NAV, mode captures and tracks a pilot-selected course to or from
the active NAV source. This mode generates commands to capture and track
lateral guidance for both en route navigation and non-precision approaches.
Changing the on-side NAV source or frequency deselects NAV mode, and if the CONCLUSION
selected NAV source is a localizer, NAV capture also clears half bank.
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-3
Go Around Mode: Altitude Hold Mode:
INTRO
Go Around mode generates commands to hold the heading reference along with Like the pitch mode, altitude hold captures and tracks the altitude reference,
a 5-degree bank limit and a pitch up to 7 degrees. Upon selecting go around which is set to the current pressure altitude upon the selection of altitude hold.
mode in flight, the heading reference is set to the existing airplane heading, and Altitude hold can be manually engaged by pushing the ALT button on the FGP.
while on the ground, the heading reference is continuously synchronized to the Vertical Speed Mode: FMS PAGES
current airplane heading.
Vertical speed mode is used to maintain the current vertical speed reference,
It should be noted that engagement of Go Around mode disengages the which is set to the current vertical speed upon selection of the mode. The vertical
autopilot, but still generates FD commands for the above-mentioned values. speed reference will show above the vertical speed scale. Pushing the VS button MESSAGES
The GA button is located on the side of the left power lever, and selection of go on the FGP will select VS mode and operating the UP/DOWN when on the FGP
around mode sets both flight directors on and disengages the autopilot. will alter the vertical speed reference.
Go Around mode is inhibited when one of the following modes are active: Selection of VS mode is inhibited when one of the following are active:
MV21-INTRO
• Altitude preselect mode. • Glideslope Approach mode.
• Overspeed mode when an overspeed condition exists. • Glidepath Mode.
Likewise, go around mode is deselected upon: • Altitude Preselect mode.
INTERFACE
• Autopilot engagement. • Overspeed mode while an overspeed condition exists.
• Operation of the flight director SYNC button. Flight Level Change Mode:
• Manual selection of another lateral or vertical mode. Perhaps one of the most misunderstood autopilot/autoflight modes in all of MV21/FGS
flight sim, Flight Level Change mode maintains the airspeed reference by using
• Automatic capture of the preselected altitude.
pitch when either climbing or descending to the preselected altitude, so long
Pitch Mode: as the vertical speed yielded is greater than 100 ft/min. If this is not the case,
Pitch mode generates commands to hold the pitch reference, which is set to the commands are generated to maintain a minimum vertical speed of 100 ft/min. CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
current pitch attitude when the mode was selected. The UP/DOWN when on the The SPEED knob on the FGP is used to alter and set the speed reference and
FGP is used to change the pitch reference. pressing the SYNC button will set the airspeed reference to the current airspeed
Pitch mode is automatically selected when: when the autopilot is not engaged. Pressing the FLC button on the FGP will select
FLC mode. RTU/ESIS
• No other vertical mode is active.
FLC mode is inhibited when one of the following modes are active:
• The data required to fly the active vertical mode is invalid for more than 4
seconds. • Glideslope Approach mode.
• Glidepath Mode. CONCLUSION
The pitch reference used by the mode is automatically reset to the current
pitch attitude upon: • Overspeed mode while an overspeed condition exists.
• Autopilot engagement.
• Deselection of both flight directors with the autopilot not engaged. TUTORIALS
• Selecting the SYNC button while the autopilot is not engaged.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-4
Glidesope Approach Mode: Vertical Navigation (VNAV):
INTRO
Glideslope Approach mode captures and tracks the glideslope. Prior to capture, One of the biggest misunderstandings about the VNAV implementation is the
the flight director operates in the current active vertical mode. This mode is au- fact that it is a vigilance function rather than a fully coupled command mode. The
tomatically selected upon Approach mode selection. main function of VNAV is to ensure that altitude constraints, speed constraints
and speed limits at altitude are honored, along with the vertical flight profile as FMS PAGES
Overspeed Mode:
specified by the crew is followed. This is more an advisory function if nothing
Overspeed mode maintains an airspeed below Vmo/Mmo during an overspeed else, as speed is completely in the hands of the pilot.
condition and is selected automatically when a significant overspeed occurs.
When selected on the FGP, VNAV works in all vertical modes and is indicated
Overspeed mode generates commands to capture an airspeed reference of .02 MESSAGES
by adding a V to the mode on the display. VNAV commands the autopilot to
Mach below Mmo or 5 knots below Vmo. Overspeed mode automatically transi-
set target speeds and target altitudes to ensure the requirements are honored
tions to FLC mode when the speed has been reduced to the airspeed reference.
with the constraints of the preselector altitude setting. For VNAV descent, a geo-
Overspeed mode is deselected by manual or automatic selection/capture of graphic path into each altitude constraint is defined, and vertical guidance to
another vertical mode, with deselection inhibited until either the overspeed that constraint is provided. MV21-INTRO
condition no longer exists, or altitude hold mode is selected/the preselect
Vertical guidance is provided with VPATH or VGP modes, and full command of
altitude is captured.
pitch, vertical speed, FLC, Altitude Hold, and Altitude Preselect modes is retained
while VNAV is active. The letter V is prefixed to all vertical mode messages that INTERFACE
are supported by VNAV.
A yellow-lined VNAV shows in the arm field of the PFD when VNAV is not valid.
Selection of VNAV is inhibited when: MV21/FGS
• Glideslope approach is active.
• There is no active flight plan in the FMS.
• FMS is not the active NAV source. CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
VNAV is automatically deselected when:
• Selection of go around mode.
• Glideslope capture. RTU/ESIS
• Changing the NAV source on the coupled side.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-5
Flight Guidance System Display Fields INTRO
On the top of the PFD, various Flight Guidance System mode annunciations Autopilot/Yaw Damper Field:
display in the data field. Mode messages show when either FD is selected, or The autopilot/yaw damper field is split into the AP/YD engaged window and the
the autopilot is engaged. The FD command bars display in magenta and display couple arrow window. The autopilot engage status shows in the top half of the
current FGS commands in the form of roll and pitch. Either split-cue or single-cue field, while the couple arrow shows in the bottom half. FMS PAGES
flight directors can be selected via the OPTIONS page in the FMS.
The couple arrow shows in the bottom half of the AP/YD engage field and
Roll/Yaw Warn/APPR Active Field: indicates which FGC is driving the autopilot servos. The arrow shows in white
The Roll/Yaw Warning and Approach active field provides messages for when the AP engaged/disengaged message is not in view. MESSAGES
Approach mode and manual SYNC states in our simulation. Vertical Mode Field:
Lateral Mode Field: The FGS vertical mode field shows active modes in the top half of the field and
The FGS lateral mode field is split into an active mode field and an armed mode armed modes in the bottom half of the field. Active modes show in green while MV21-INTRO
field. The active mode shows in the top half of the field, and armed modes show armed modes show in white. Only one active vertical FGS mode message can
in the bottom half of the field. show at a time, however up to three can be armed.
When armed, the applicable navigation sensor shows in white in the lateral
armed mode field, and ROLL or HDG shows in green on the lateral active mode INTERFACE
field. All active lateral modes flash for 5 seconds, then show steady.
Once the lateral mode is captured, the navigation sensor shows in green in the
active mode field, while the ROLL or HDG message is cleared. If the data that
MV21/FGS
supports a mode message is missing or invalid, a yellow bar is drawn through the
message text.
As messages can either show as armed or active, the meaning of the message
will be described rather than if it is active or not. As a refresher, armed messages CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
show in white while active show in green.
If the data that supports a mode message is missing or invalid, a yellow bar is
drawn through the message text.
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-6
Flight Guidance System Display Messages INTRO
Roll/Yaw Warn/ APPR Message Meaning Vertical Mode Message Meaning
APPR (White) Approach mode is armed. PITCH (Green) Pitch hold.
APPR (Green) Approach mode is active. ALT (Green) Altitude capture/track. FMS PAGES
Manual lateral or vertical reference ALTS or ALTV Preselect altitude or Flight Plan Target
synchronization has been Altitude arm or capture/track.
SYNC
commanded from the SYNC switch. ALTS CAP or ALTV CAP Preselect altitude or Flight Plan Target
MESSAGES
Altitude capture.
Lateral Mode Message Meaning ALTS or ALTV Preselect altitude or Flight Plan Target
ROLL Roll hold mode or roll hold mode in Altitude track.
heading hold submode. VS/#### Vertical speed acquisition/track. MV21-INTRO
HDG Heading select hold. GS or GP (White) Vertical approach arm.
GA Lateral go around mode. GS or VGP (Green) Vertical approach capture/track.
FMS FMS capture/track. GA (Green) Go around pitch hold. INTERFACE
VOR VOR arm or capture/track. FLC/#### Flight level change IAS or Mach
LOC LOC arm or capture/track. acquire/track.
B/C Localizer back course arm or capture/ V____ FMS VNAV arm. The active mode is
track.
MV21/FGS
proceeded by a green V.
APPR FMS FMS approach arm or capture/track. PATH, FLC, ALT, or PITCH FMS VNAV arm.
APPR VOR VOR approach mode or capture/ V____ (Green) FMS VNAV active.
track.
CHARTS +
VPATH or VGP (Green) FMS VNAV capture/track. CHECKLISTS
APPR LOC Localizer approach arm or capture/ PATH (White) FMS VNAV pitch arm.
track.
VPATH (Green) FMS VNAV pitch capture/track.
APPR B/C Localizer back course approach arm RTU/ESIS
or capture/track.
Autopilot/Yaw Damper Message Meaning

AP (Green) Autopilot engaged CONCLUSION
AP (Red) Autopilot disengaged.
YD (Green) Yaw damper engaged.
YD (Red) Yaw damper disengaged. TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-7
PFD Display PFD/MFD Composite Display INTRO
The Primary Flight Display (PFD) contains all of the information pertinent to the In the event of either a PFD or MFD failure, the display reversion remote switch
current flight parameters of the aircraft, such as attitude, altitude, vertical speed, can be used to combine both PFD and MFD information onto the remaining
heading, and so forth. Due to the similarities of the attitude portion of the display, screen.
the basic data displayed here, and its format will not be covered any further. FMS PAGES
Doing so will take the entire PFD and its information/displays, shrink it vertically,
Above the attitude display is the Flight Guidance System display which shows the then move the Engine Indicating System display from the MFD over top of the
FGS Mode messages when either the flight director is selected, or autopilot is PFD, essentially combining all mission-critical data onto one screen.
engaged. More on this system can be found later in this guide.
MESSAGES
Below the attitude display is the Adaptive Flight Display (AFD).
MV21-INTRO
INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-8
MFD Display INTRO
The MFD in the MV-21 contains information about information on the engines
and their function, as well as aircraft navigation and provides a function for
checklist and charts display.
FMS PAGES
At the top of the display is the Engine Indicating System which has been thor-
oughly covered and detailed in its own dedicated section.
Below this is the FMS Text window, which displays data about 4 waypoints in the
flight plan (sorted by distance), which includes leg distance, ETE, ETA, as well as MESSAGES
estimated fuel and gross weight at the destination airport.
Below the text window, the MAP display itself resides. The map can be toggled
between PPOS or PLAN, with a TCAS-Only display option available as well.
MV21-INTRO
The TERR RDR overlay and TFC/TCAS selections are the same as the selections
found on the AFD, so they will not be covered again.
At the bottom of the display, various data about current flight parameters is
provided, such as current Ground Speed and True Air Speed (GS and TAS), the INTERFACE
observed Saturated Air Temperature (SAT) as well as the ISA deviation from the
SAT.
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-9
MFD Menus INTRO
Beside LSK L1, the UPPER FORMAT menu is available. Here, the upper half of the
MFD can be configured to display various information.
Beside LSK R1, the LOWER FORMAT menu is available. Here, the lower half of the
FMS PAGES
MFD can be configured to display various information.
• Present Position (PPOS) is the default display format when a flight plan is
loaded. This map displays all of the navigation and aircraft data for the pilot to
read, and allows for weather, traffic, and terrain overlays to be enabled overtop MESSAGES
of it.
• TCAS displays the TCAS ONLY display format, which removes all other data/
symbology except the TCAS display items.
MV21-INTRO
• PLAN can be used to view the flight plan as it is loaded by using the NEXT and
PREV waypoint functions in the FMS. It should be noted that this option only
shows when the AFD map format is not in PPOS.
INTERFACE
Selection Function
CHKLST Insets the checklist menu into the top
half of the MFD.
FMS-TXT Displays the FMS text window. MV21/FGS
OFF Removes all data (text or checklists)
from the upper half of the MFD.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-10
Adaptive Flight Display INTRO
As touched on above, the AFD is the navigation display portion of the PFD. There COM1 shows the currently tuned COM1 frequency in green, and COM2 is
are various data fields and selections available on the AFD. displayed in the same way on the right side of the display.
In green text is the NAV SOURCE DATA FIELD. The data displayed here Is associ- The ATC field will show the current beacon code if the transponder is enabled,
and STBY in white if it is not. The UTC time field displays, as you would guess, the FMS PAGES
ated with the active NAV SOURCE, and this can be changed via the NAV SOURCE
menu which will be covered more in depth later. current simulator UTC time, and RAT shows the measured ram air temperature.
Beside LSK L2 is an option titled PRESET, which allows the pilot to On the right side of the AFD, format allows the pilot to toggle between the PPOS
quickly change between available nav sources rather than navigating to the NAV Map, Course Deviation and Heading displays. MESSAGES
SOURCE menu. The TERR RDR selection allows the terrain display to be overlaid onto the current
The bottom row of the AFD contains data about some important data that is NAV display, with TERR TERRAIN in cyan text indicating the system is enabled,
pertinent to the flight, such as COM frequency, ATC beacon code, and ram air RDR STBY indicating the system is in standby, and TERR RDR in white annunciat-
temperature. ing the system is off entirely. MV21-INTRO
ET is a function for Elapsed Time, and this shows in minutes and seconds up to Below this, the TCAS overlay can either be enabled or disabled.
59:59, then hours and minutes up to H9:59. Pressing the LSK next to this will turn
ET to cyan and start the timer. The timer can be reset by pressing the LSK again. INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-11
MFD Engine Indicating System INTRO
The Engine Indicating System (EIS) display is located at the top of the MFD, and Torque displays in green within the normal limit, yellow within the transient limit,
displays ITT, Torque, N1 and propeller RPM, fuel flow, oil pressure and oil tem- and red within the redline region limit.
perature in an easy to understand and interpret format.
Limit Range FMS PAGES
N1 displays in white when within the normal limit region, yellow within the
Normal TORQ ≤ 100% or TORQ ≤ 102% for 5
transient limit region, and red within the redline limit region. minutes.
Limit Range Transient 100 < TORQ ≤ 102% for more than 5
minutes and less than or equal to 7 MESSAGES
Normal 62 ≤ N1 ≤ 104% minutes.
Transient N1 < 62% Redline 100 < TORQ ≤ 102% for more than 7
Redline N1 > 104% minutes.
MV21-INTRO
Propeller RPM displays in green within the normal limit region, yellow within the Fuel flow is displayed in Pounds Per Hour (PPH) and measures the fuel flow for
transient limit region, and red when the RPM either exceeds the transient limit each engine.
time or if it goes into the redline region. Oil pressure is displayed in PSI and shows the current oil pressure for each engine. INTERFACE
Readings show in green when within the normal limit, yellow within the transient
Limit Range
region, and red when within the redline limit region.
Normal 1050 < RPM < 1700, or 1700 < RPM ≤
1730 for 5 minutes or less Oil temperature displays the current oil temperature for each engine. Oil MV21/FGS
pressure is displayed in green when within the normal limit region, yellow within
RPM < 1050, or 1700 < RPM ≤ 1730 the transient limit region when the transient limit conditions have not been
Transient for 5 more than 5 minutes and less exceeded, and red if the transient limit region has been exceeded or if within the
than or equal to 7 minutes, or 1730 redline limit region. CHARTS +
< RPM ≤ 1870 for more than 20 CHECKLISTS
seconds. A warning message of FIRE will show in the lower center of the applicable
torque/ITT scale when an engine fire is detected. This will flash for 5 seconds
Redline RPM > 1870
then remain steady.
RTU/ESIS
The propeller synchronization display displays as a moving string of squares
ITT displays in white when within the normal limit region, yellow within the below the left and right engine oil temperature indications. The squares move
transient limit region, and red within the redline limit region. left or right towards the engine that has the higher propeller RPM.
Limit Range The autofeather message of AFX shows in green in the lower center of the ITT/ CONCLUSION
TORQ gauge when the autofeather system is armed.
Normal ITT ≤ 820
Transient 820 < ITT ≤ 850
Redline ITT ≤ 1000 TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-12
PFD REFS Menu INTRO
The REFERENCES (REFS) menu can be accessed via REFS on the DCP. REFS 2/2:
The REFS menu on the PFD comes in 2 parts: REFS 1/2 and REFS 2/2/ The various • PRESSURE is used to set the barometric altimeter setting in either inHg or
reference data displayed on the PFDs such as reference speeds and minimums hPa. The selected unit will show in large cyan text.
FMS PAGES
are be displayed here. • METRIC ALT toggles the altitude tape display in meters from feet when
All data here can be entered via selecting the field with the corresponding LSK selected, and this new value is displayed at the top of the speed tape with an M
and using the upper MFD data knob to input the desired value. suffix attached.
REFS 1/2: • FL ALERT either enables or disables the FL180 ALERT function. This function MESSAGES
causes the display to flash when climbing through FL180 with the altimeter not
Left side: set to STD, and the opposite applies for descending through FL180.
• VT is the threshold speed. • FLT DIR is used to either select the single cue (V bar) or split cue (cross
MV21-INTRO
• V2 is the takeoff safety speed, at which the aircraft may clear an obstacle with pointer) flight director command bars.
one engine inoperative.
• VR is the rotation sped.
INTERFACE
• V1 is the decision speed, past which the aircraft is committed to flight.
REFS 1/2
MV21/FGS
Right side:
• RA MIN is used to alert the crew when the airplane has descended to the
decision altitude during a precision approach. This is synchronized with the CHARTS +
value on the off-side PFD as well. CHECKLISTS
• BARO MIN is used to alert the crew when the airplane has descended to the
minimum descent altitude during a non-precision approach. This is synchro-
nized with the value on the off-side PFD as well. RTU/ESIS
• VREF is the landing reference speed, or also known as the threshold crossing
speed.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-13
PFD NAV/BRG SOURCE Menu INTRO
The NAV and BRG SOURCE menus can be accessed via the NAV/BRG button
on the DCP.
The NAV SOURCE menu is used to select from any of the available navigation
FMS PAGES
sources as the active source for both the PFD and MFD navigation displays. LSK1L
to the left of the menu will move the selector down, and the selected item will
be highlighted in green. This menu will disappear after 10 seconds of inactivity.
The selections available here are as follows: MESSAGES
• FMS
• VOR1
• VOR2 MV21-INTRO
The Bearing (BRG) SOURCE menu is used to select 2 bearing pointers for display,
one from the pilot side nav source and the other from the copilot side nav
source. LSK 1R will move the selector for the pilot-side nav source menu, while
INTERFACE
LSK 3R will move the selector for the pilot-side nav source menu. This menu will
disappear after 10 seconds of inactivity.
The selections available here include:
• FMS MV21/FGS
• VOR1 (VOR2 for copilot-side menu)
• ADF CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-14
PFD Radar Menu The various, right-side selections are as follows:
INTRO
The RADAR menu can be accessed via RADAR on the DCP. Selection Function
The left-side menu allows for the toggle of the mode of the weather radar, This allows the pilot to either increase
ranging from normal weather to ground map mode. or decrease the receiver gain to
Gain FMS PAGES
analyze radar returns. The NORM
The various, left-side selections are as follows:
position represents 0 gain, but the
Selection Function gain value can be set from-3 to +3.
STBY Causes the radar to go into standby This feature reduces antenna scan MESSAGES
mode, which is to say on but not angle from the normal 60-degree
Sec Scan (Sector Scan)
transmitting. sweep on either side to a 30 degree
sweep on either side.
WX (Weather) This is also known as the ‘weather
only’ mode and is the normal This feature provides an alert when MV21-INTRO
operating mode of the weather radar. a precipitation or turbulence target
Target (Target Alert)
is detected when the radar displays
This mode enhances the normal
are off.
weather display by adding the
WX+T (Weather + Turbulence) INTERFACE
detection and display of precipita-
tion-related turbulence targets.
This mode only displays turbulence
returns and is more useful for MV21/FGS
TURB (Turbulence)
closely analyzing turbulence returns
presented on the WX+T display.
MAP (Ground Mapping) This mode provides detailed ground CHARTS +
returns and is used to map terrain. CHECKLISTS
Selecting this displays a six-color arc
that shows on either the AFD or MFD,
TEST (Self-Test)
which is used to ensure the displays RTU/ESIS
are able to display the necessary
return colors.
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-15
MV-TAWS The various MV-TAWS modes, visual messages, warnings and aural annuncia-
INTRO
tions are as follows:
Our rendition of the MV-21 includes a comprehensive simulation of the TAWS
system, which stands for Terrain Awareness and Warning System; this is referred Mode Function PFD Caution PFD Warning
to henceforth as 'MV-TAWS'. This system provides predictive warnings based on Caution Aural Alert Warning Aural Alert
the aircraft’s present position and projection of the airplane’s flight path. Visual Message Message FMS PAGES
warnings are provided in the case of a hazardous condition, and the terrain
1 Excessive GND PROX SINK RATE PULL UP PULL UP
graphical display is available on both the PFD and MFD.
Descent
While MV-TAWS might be grouped with the other ancillary systems of the Rate MESSAGES
aircraft, it is prudent to include information on the system here as it pushes 2 Excessive TERRAIN
various aural and visual annunciations to the PFD. Messages will display in yellow, Terrain
while warnings display in red. GND PROX TERRAIN PULL UP PULL UP
Closure
Our rendition of the system faithfully models all of the different modes and their MV21-INTRO
various triggers, parameters and alerts. These tie in with the terrain overlay 3 DON’T
system, of which more information can be found on earlier in this manual. SINK
Altitude GND PROX N/A N/A
There are 4 remote switches located above the pilot’s side DCP. When a switch Loss After DON’T
is pressed, an ACTIVE annunciator will display on the selected button: Takeoff SINK INTERFACE
Switch Function
FLAP OVRD This switch disables the TOO LOW 4a Unsafe GND PROX TOO LOW N/A N/A
FLAPS alert and desensitizes the Terrain FLAPS MV21/FGS
Mode 1 alert boundaries. Clearance
This switch desensitizes the Mode 1 4b Unsafe GND PROX TOO LOW N/A N/A
alert boundaries to permit steeper Terrain GEAR CHARTS +
STEEP APPR Clearance CHECKLISTS
approach angles without unwanted
alerts. 5 Excessive GND PROX GLIDE- N/A N/A
Glideslope SLOPE
Deviation RTU/ESIS
6a Excessive N/A BANK N/A N/A
Bank Angle ANGLE
6b Altitude N/A 500, 200, N/A N/A CONCLUSION
Callouts 100, 50,
40, 30, 20,
10
6f Selected N/A MINIMUM N/A N/A TUTORIALS
MDA MINIMUM
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-16
PFD/MFD Terrain Overlay Color Meaning INTRO
The terrain overlay can be enabled via LSK R2 on both the PFD and MFD. Solid Red Terrain area warning.
The two numbers represented in yellow at the top right of the display are part Solid Yellow Terrain area caution.
of the Terrain peaks mode. These 2 numbers represent the highest elevation 50% Red Dots Terrain that is more than 2000 ft above FMS PAGES
of the displayed terrain, while the bottom represents the lowest elevation of the aircraft’s altitude.
the displayed terrain. The format, much like flight levels, is ten thousands, 50% Yellow Dots Terrain that is between 1000 and 2000 ft
thousands, hundreds all measured in feet. above the aircraft’s altitude.
Beside LSK R2, the option to toggle the terrain display on or off is present, much 25% Yellow Dots Terrain that is 500 ft (or 250 ft with MESSAGES
like on every other display of the PFD. The terrain display being active is annun- gear down) below to 1000 ft above the
aircraft’s altitude.
ciated by TERR and TERRAIN being displayed in cyan, RDR STBY indicates the
system is in standby, and the system being off is annunciated as TERR RDR in Shows when there is no red or yellow
white. terrain areas within the range of the MV21-INTRO
Solid Green
display, and the highest terrain is not
within 500 ft (or 250 ft with gear down)
of the aircraft’s altitude.
50% Green Dots Terrain that is 500 ft (or 250 ft with gear INTERFACE
down) below the aircraft’s altitude.
16% Green Dots Terrain that is 1000 to 2000 ft below the
aircraft’s altitude.
Black No significant terrain. MV21/FGS
Magenta Dots Unknown terrain.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-17
TCAS INTRO
The MV-21 includes a simulation of the TCAS II system. TCAS stands for Traffic
Alert and Collision Avoidance and detects both threat and non-threat aircraft
that reply to ATC interrogation.
FMS PAGES
The TCAS display on the AFD and MFD presents various information about each
observed aircraft, including relative bearing, range, vertical speed, and direction,
as well as threat level. The TCAS Traffic Overlay format is available for viewing on
both the AFD and MFD.
MESSAGES
LSK R3 on both the AFD and MFD toggles the TCAS Traffic Overlay for display. If
the MFD is in PLAN mode, the TCAS Only format will be displayed, and the PLAN
map hidden since the TCAS overlay is incompatible with the PLAN mode of the
MFD. MV21-INTRO
In terms of symbology, the following symbols represent TCAS-classified traffic
and their threat levels:
Symbol/Threat Level Display Criteria INTERFACE

RA traffic is traffic that the TCAS has
determined to be a potential threat
Red Square: Resolution Advisory (RA)
and one that requires immediate
Traffic MV21/FGS
pilot action.
TA traffic is traffic that is a potential
threat and should be monitored
Yellow Square: Traffic Advisory (TA)
because they, depending on their CHARTS +
Traffic CHECKLISTS
flight path, could become RA traffic.
Proximate traffic is traffic that does
not yet pose a threat to the aircraft.
Solid Cyan Diamond: Proximate Traffic
This type of traffic has a relative RTU/ESIS
altitude of less than 1,200 ft and a
range within 6nm.
Other traffic is traffic that does not
yet pose a threat to the aircraft. This CONCLUSION
Hollow Cyan Diamond: Other Traffic
type of traffic has a relative altitude
of greater than 1,200 ft and a range
greater than 6nm.
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-18
MV-21 Messages and Annunciations PFD Warning/Graphic Display Criteria INTRO
The MV-21 can display various warning, caution, and advisory messages and flags IAS Flag Shows when airspeed data is missing
on both the PFD and MFD. These serve as identifications of potential threats to or invalid.
(Red, boxed IAS)
the aircraft and provide information on the state of various systems and sensors
on the aircraft. Mach Overspeed Alert Shows when an overspeed condition FMS PAGES
occurs.
As a general rule-of-thumb, the various types of messages and flags will display (Red Mach readout)
in different colors to aid in quick identification of the severity of the displayed PULL UP Terrain Alert Shows when the TAWS system deter-
annunciation: Warning messages and flags display in red, caution messages and mines that a dangerous terrain threat
(Red TERRAIN ALERT) MESSAGES
flags in yellow, and advisory messages and flags in white. exists.
PFD Warning/Graphic Display Criteria RA (Radio Altitude) Flag Shows when RA data is missing or
invalid.
Airspeed Low Cue Shows when a low speed cue or (Red, boxed RA)
MV21-INTRO
overspeed alert occurs. TRAFFIC Shows when the TCAS determines
(Red IAS readout)
that RA traffic exists or when a traffic
ALT Flag Shows when altitude data from the (Red TRAFFIC)
advisory becomes an RA.
ADC is either missing or invalid, or if
(Red, boxed ALT) VS (Vertical Speed) Flag Shows when vertical speed data is INTERFACE
no barometric pressure is available.
missing or invalid.
AP Disengage Alert Shows when the autopilot has been (Red, boxed VS)
disconnected either manually or
(Red, boxed AP)
automatically.
MV21/FGS
ATT Flag Shows when altitude data is either
missing or invalid.
(Red, boxed ATT)
FMS Lateral Deviation Source Flag Shows when data from the FMS is CHARTS +
missing or invalid and a localizer is CHECKLISTS
(Red, boxed FMS)
captured.
FMS NAV Source Flag Shows when data from the FMS NAV
Source is missing or invalid. RTU/ESIS
(Red, boxed FMS1)
HDG Flag Shows when heading data is missing
or invalid.
(Red, boxed HDG)
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-19
MV-21 PFD Messages and Annunciations Cont'd INTRO
PFD Caution/Graphic Display Criteria PFD Caution/Graphic Display Criteria
AHS# Reversion Flag Shows when AHS reversion has been YD Disengage Alert Shows when the yaw damper has
selected. been disconnected either manually
(Yellow, boxed AHS1/2) (Yellow, boxed YD) FMS PAGES
or automatically.
Airspeed Low Cue/Overspeed Shows when a low speed cue
Pre-Alert pre-warn or overspeed pre-alert PFD Advisory/Graphic Display Criteria
condition occurs.
(Yellow IAS readout) DISCONTINUITY Shows when the FMS flight plan has MESSAGES
GND PROX Terrain Alert Shows when the TAWS system deter- reached a discontinuity.
(White, boxed DISCONTINUITY)
mines that a terrain threat exists.
(Yellow GND PROX) NO FLIGHT PLAN Shows when no flight plan exists and
GPWS Terrain Flag Shows when a GPWS computer FMS is the active nav source.
(White, boxed NO FLIGHT PLAN) MV21-INTRO
terrain fault exists.
(Yellow, boxed GPWS) SEQ INHIB Shows when FMS auto-sequencing is
Mach Low Speed Cue/Overspeed Shows when a low speed cue inhibited.
(White SEQ INHIB)
Pre-Alert pre-warn or overspeed pre-alert
XADC Flag Shows when the display is not INTERFACE
condition occurs.
(Yellow Mach readout) receiving data from an installed
(White, boxed XADC)
MAP Flag Shows when a fault is detected in any second air data source.
of the data required to show an FMS XAHS Flag Shows when the display is not
(Yellow, boxed MAP) MV21/FGS
map display. receiving data from an installed
(White, boxed XAHS)
MIN Alert Shows when the airplane has second attitude/heading data source.
reached the selected RA or BARO
(Yellow, boxed MIN)
MIN altitude. CHARTS +
TCAS Fail Shows when a TCAS fault is detected. CHECKLISTS
(Yellow, boxed TCAS Fail)
TERR Alert Shows when the Terrain function is
RTU/ESIS
inoperative.
(Yellow, boxed TERR)
TERRAIN FAIL Shows when the terrain overlay is
active and the system detects either
(Yellow, boxed TERRAIN FAIL) CONCLUSION
a fault or missing/invalid terrain data.
TRAFFIC alert Shows when the TCAS determines
traffic advisory traffic exists.
(Yellow, boxed TRAFFIC)
XTLK Flag Shows when one or more of the TUTORIALS
crosstalk buses between the PFD and
(Yellow, boxed XTLK)
MFD has failed.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
MV21/FGS 6-20
MV-21 MFD Messages and Annunciations INTRO
MFD Warning/Graphic Display Criteria MFD Advisory/Graphic Display Criteria
FIRE Shows below the applicable torque/ DISCONTINUITY Shows when the FMS flight plan has
ITT scale when an engine fire reached a discontinuity.
(Red, boxed FIRE) (White, boxed DISCONTINUITY) FMS PAGES
condition exists.
NO FLIGHT PLAN Shows when no flight plan exists and
FMS is the active nav source.
MFD Caution/Graphic Display Criteria (White, boxed NO FLIGHT PLAN)
MAP Flag Shows when a fault is detected in any FMS Text Incompatible Shows when the FMS-TXT upper MESSAGES
of the data required to show an FMS format of the MFD is selected and
(Yellow, boxed MAP) (White FMS TEXT INCOMPATIBLE)
map display. there is no flight plan data to display.
TCAS Fail Alert Shows when a TCAS fault is detected.
MV21-INTRO
(Yellow, boxed TCAS FAIL)
GND PROX Terrain Alert Shows when the TAWS system deter-
mines that a terrain threat exists.
(Yellow GND PROX)
INTERFACE
TERRAIN Fail Alert Shows when the terrain overlay is
active and the system detects either
(Yellow, boxed TERRAIN FAIL)
a fault or missing/invalid terrain data.
XTLK Flag Shows when one or more of the MV21/FGS
crosstalk buses between the PFD and
(Yellow, boxed XTLK)
MFD has failed.
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
CHARTS+CHECKLISTS 7-1
Chart System INTRO
The MV-21 chart system uses Navigraph for the database. From here, we will The keyboard can be used in place of the ‘physical’ controls in the VC if so,
discuss how to activate and use this system in order to view geo-referenced desired as well. ESC to back out of the chart screen, Enter to make selections,
ground charts as well as approach and departure plates on the aircraft’s MFD. and the up and down Arrow keys to move the selection box up or down as well
as the bounding box. FMS PAGES
To activate the Navigraph integration, first click on the ‘STAT key on the CCP. From
here, you will be presented with a menu on the MFD that will say ‘Status Menu’ Both light and dark format charts are also included with a toggle to switch
at the top. Use the down arrow key to move the selection box to the ‘Chart between the two for those simmers that like to fly with the owls.
Subscription’ entry, use Enter on the keyboard to select, then Enter again on the While the system auto populates charts for the airports in the flight plan, any MESSAGES
‘Subscription Number’ box and follow the prompts to sign in to your Navigraph airport's charts can be looked up (provided the airport is in the database), by
account and authorize use. simply entering the ICAO identifier of the airport into the appropriate field. This
With Navigraph activated, we can access the system itself. Press the aptly named is a recent addition to the system, and one which we hope will please those who
‘CHART’ key on the CCP, and this will take you to the CHART MAIN INDEX menu. have been desiring a more complete implementation of charts. MV21-INTRO
The chart system will pre-populate available charts based on the flight plan
inserted into the FMS. For example, if you departed San Francisco Intl (SFO) via
the CITY3 SID and arrived at San Diego (SAN) via the BARET5, the system will auto
fill in the ground chart for SFO in the first AIRPORT field and the CITY3 plate in the INTERFACE
DEPARTURE field, and do the same for the destination airport.
Once you have a chart loaded (we’ll assume a ground chart to make things
simple), you’ll see a symbol of an airplane overplayed onto the chart, which is
exactly where the aircraft is positioned in the simulator. This will follow you to MV21/FGS
the boundary of the chart, where it will advise you that the aircraft’s position is
outside of the boundary of the chart.
There are various ways to manipulate the chart that has been loaded. Directly CHARTS +
below the ‘Chart’ key is a button that has an arrow curving down and to the CHECKLISTS
right; this is the ‘Rotate’ button: clicking this will rotate the chart 90 degrees
clockwise for every press of the button. Below this, we have a button to zoom
in on where the bounding box is currently at (it will take what’s inside the box RTU/ESIS
and fill the screen to show it in more detail), and pressing it again will zoom back
out to the whole chart. To the right, we have a 4-position switch that is used to
move the highlighted box around the chart. Wherever this box is, determines
where the chart will be zoomed in on when the zoom button is pressed. To back CONCLUSION
out to the NAV screen of the MFD, simply press the ESC key on the panel or on
your keyboard.
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
CHARTS+CHECKLISTS 7-2
Checklists INTRO
The checklist system implemented in the MV-21 includes normal, non-normal, as
well as emergency checklists, covering pretty much every situation you are likely
to find yourself in when flying the aircraft.
FMS PAGES
Pressing LSK 1L on the MFD will take you to a ‘Format’ selection box and clicking
it to where ‘CHKLST’ is highlighted will bring you to the Checklist Menu. From
here, we’ve made it easy for you to navigate through the checklists quickly: use
the up and down arrow keys on the keyboard to scroll, Enter to select (complete)
MESSAGES
an item, and ESC to back out to the previous menu.
Pressing Enter over a checklist item will turn it green, which marks the item as
completed, and move the selection window down to the next item. Continuing
to do so will take you through the entire system from the first checklist of the MV21-INTRO
normal section to the end.
The system is straightforward by design, and simply press LSK 1L again and move
the selection down to another option (such as FMS-TXT) to back out of the
system and return to the MFD NAV display. INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
RTU/ESIS 8-1
RTU INTRO
The Radio Tuning Unit (RTU) provides the means of radio tuning as well as control
input for various subsystems such as beacon codes and modes of operation.
There are 3 modes of radio tuning available: direct tuning, recall tuning, and
FMS PAGES
tuning from the preset pages. Direct tuning allows for the desired frequency to
be input using the knobs on the RTU, recall allows for the last stored frequency
to be tuned again at the press of a button, and preset tuning allows for one of 16
preset frequencies to be tuned.
MESSAGES
The initial screen displayed upon power up contains the following display items:
• COM1 shows the tuned COM frequency in green and the recall frequency in
white. Pressing the LSK next to the tuned frequency shows the COM 1 subdis-
play page, whereas pressing the LSK next to the recall frequency switches it to MV21-INTRO
the active.
• NAV1 shows the tuned NAV1 frequency in green and the recall frequency in
white. INTERFACE
• Pressing the LSK next to the tuned frequency shows the NAV1 subdisplay
page, whereas pressing the LSK next to the recall frequency changes it to the
active.
MV21/FGS
• ATC shows the current beacon code, the status of the transponder (STBY or
ON), along with the status of the altitude reporting (OFF or ON). Pressing the
LSK to the left of it shows the ATC subdisplay page.
• TCAS shows the current TCAS mode (TA ONLY, TA/RA, or STBY) along with the CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
altitude setting (REL or ABS). Pressing the LSK to the right of this displays the
TCAS subdisplay menu.
• NEXT PAGE shows the ADF subdisplay page.
RTU/ESIS
To the right of the RTU, there are 3 buttons available:
Button Function
IDENT Sends a beacon identification flash to CONCLUSION
air traffic control.
DME-H Toggles the DME HOLD feature of the
NAV 1 or NAV 2 radios.
1/2 Toggles the COM and NAV radios TUTORIALS
between COM/NAV1 and COM/
NAV2.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
RTU/ESIS 8-2
ESIS INTRO
Much like the MV-TAWS system, the Electronic Standby Instrument System (ESIS)
is not necessarily part of the MV-21, but as it has not been covered in any other
manual of ours, and it is a digital instrument, it will be covered here.
FMS PAGES
The ESIS is a backup system to the MV-21 attitude system, and provides indepen-
dent readings of altitude, attitude, airspeed, heading, barometric pressure, as
well as information from the current NAV source.
The barometric altimeter can be set using the knob on the gauge housing, and MESSAGES
the various sub-menus can be accessed via the M button. Selection of the high-
lighted menu is done by holding the mouse wheel down.
Selection Function MV21-INTRO

Fast Erect Initiates the fast-erect function of the
attitude indicator.
Set Brightness Offset Allows the brightness of the display
to be changed. INTERFACE
Fast Align Initiates the fast-align function of the
attitude indicator.
Set Heading Allows the heading to be manually MV21/FGS
set.
NAV On Toggles the NAV mode on or off.
NAV Mode Allows for the selection of the NAV CHARTS +
source. CHECKLISTS
Set CRS Allows the course to be manually set.
ILS NORMAL Toggles the ILS condition between
backcourse and normal. RTU/ESIS
CRS Auto Center Centers the course to the current
aircraft heading.
NAV Displays Allows for the selection of the NAV
CONCLUSION
display format.
Baro Type Changes the baro reading from inHg
to hPa.
IAS Tape Direction Changes the IAS tape direction from TUTORIALS
upward scrolling when accelerating
to downward scrolling.
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
CONCLUSION 9-1
Conclusion INTRO
Well, that's a wrap! We hope that you found this reference guide useful in your
endeavors and journey to mastering the capable, yet simple, FMS and MV-21
avionics system that we have delivered.
FMS PAGES
If the information presented here didn't satisfy your hunger for knowledge on
this system, a full pilot's guide to both the FMS and the-trademarked-system-
name-we-cannot-mention can be easily found on the internet through a quick
Google search. If all else fails, try asking in our support forum and there will MESSAGES
surely be someone there who can deliver the goods.
It has been our pleasure to create this document for you, and we hope that it
has helped to decipher some of the mysteries and misinformation surrounding
the system and how it does what it does. MV21-INTRO
After the conclusion, a comprehensive set of tutorials awaits you, covering ev-
erything that we feel a pilot will want/need to know how to do, within reason of
course. Naturally, not every single procedure or flow will be covered, but there
should be enough information covered to get you up into the air and on your INTERFACE
way without much to any fuss.
A glossary of covered terms is also present at the very end of this guide.
MV21/FGS
A special thanks to those that made this guide possible:
The various Milviz team members who answered my many queries and
CHARTS +
requests without hesitation or delay: CHECKLISTS
• Colin Pearson
• Oisin (Osh) Little
• Colin Biedenkapp RTU/ESIS
• Tomas Aguilo
Also, to Ronnie Wainscott for the late nights spent assisting me, along with
capturing the various images needed for this project. CONCLUSION
Document written and edited by John Moore

TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
TUTORIALS 10-1
INTRO
FMS PAGES
MESSAGES
MV21-INTRO
Coming Soon INTERFACE
MV21/FGS
CHARTS +
CHECKLISTS
RTU/ESIS
CONCLUSION
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
GLOSSARY 11-1
Glossary INTRO
A E INTERS Intersections
ACT Active EFC Expect Further Clearance IRS Inertial Reference System
ADC Air Data Computer EIS Engine Indicating System ISA International Standard Atmosphere
ADF Automatic Direction Finding ELEV Elevation ITT Interstage Turbine Temperature FMS PAGES
AFD Adaptive Flight Display ESIS Electronic Standby Instrument System K
AFX Autofeather ET Elapsed Time KIAS Knots Indicated Air Speed
AHC Attitude Heading Computer ETA Estimated Time of Arrival KG Kilograms
AHRS Attitude Heading & Reference System ETE Estimated Time En Route L
AHS Attitude Heading System EXEC Execute LAT Latitude MESSAGES
Alt Altitude F LB Pound
ALTN Alternate FAA Federal Aviation Administration LMT Limit
AP Autopilot FCP Flight Control Panel LOC Localizer
APTS Airports FCS Flight Control System LONG Longitude MV21-INTRO
ARP Airport Reference Point FD Flight Director LSK Line Select Key
ARR Arrival FGC Flight Guidance Computer M
ATC Air Traffic Control FGP Flight Guidance Panel MAN Manual
ATIS Automated Terminal Information System FGS Flight Guidance System MAX Maximum
AVG Average FL Flight Level MFD Multi-Function Display INTERFACE
AWOS Automated Weather Observation System FLC Flight Level Change MGMT Management
B FLT Flight MIN Minimum
B/C Back Course FMS Flight Management System MKR Marker
Baro Barometer / Barometric FPLN Flight Plan MOD Modification
BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator FREQ Frequency MSG Message MV21/FGS
BOW Basic Operating Weight G N
BRG Bearing GA Go Around NAV Navigation
BRT Bright GCS Ground Clutter Suppression NM Nautical Mile
C GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System NPA Non-Precision Approach CHARTS +
CAP Capture GP Glide Path NRST Nearest CHECKLISTS
CCP Cursor Control Panel GPS Global Positioning System NXT Next
CDU Control Display Unit GS Glide Slope / Ground Speed O
CHKLST Checklist GWT Gross Weight OAT Operating Ambient Temperature
COMP Compensation H ORIG Origin
CORR Correction HAL Horizontal Alert Limit P RTU/ESIS
CPL Couple HDG Heading PASS Passenger
CRS Course HF High Frequency PERF Performance
CRZ Cruise HFOM Horizontal Field of Merit PFD Primary Flight Display
D HPL Horizontal Protection Lateral PLN Plan CONCLUSION
DCP Display Control Panel HR Hour POS Position
DESC Descent HUL Horizontal Uncertainty Level PPH Pounds per Hour
DEST Destination I PPOS Present Position
DG Directional Gyro ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization PREV Previous
DIR Direct IDENT Identify PROG Progress TUTORIALS
DISC Disconnect IDX Index R
DIST Distance IFIS Integrated Flight Information System RA Resolution Advisory
DL Datalink INBD Inbound / Inboard RAD Radial
DME Distance Measuring Equipment INIT Initialize / Initialization RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21
GLOSSARY 11-2
Glossary Continued INTRO
RDR Radar U
REF Reference UTC Universal Time Coordinated
REFS References V
REQ Required VAL Vertical Alert Limit FMS PAGES
RESV Reserve VC Virtual Cockpit
RFFS Rescue and Firefighting Service VFOM Vertical Field of Merit
RMT Remote VHF Very High Frequency
RNAV Area Navigation VNAV Vertical Navigation
RNG Range VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range MESSAGES
RPM Revolutions per Minute VPA Vertical Path Angle
RTU Radio Tuning Unit VPATH Vertical Path
RWY Runway VPL Vertical Protection Level
S VREF Speed Reference MV21-INTRO
SAT Saturated Air Temperature VS Vertical Speed
SBAS Satellite Based Augmentation System VSR Vertical Speed Required
SEC Secondary W
SEL Select WGS World Geodetic System
SENS Sensitivity WPT Waypoint INTERFACE
SID Standard Instrument Departure WPTS Waypoints
SP Specific WT Weight
SPD Speed WX Weather
STAR Standard Arrival Route Z
SYMB Symbol ZFW Zero Fuel Weight MV21/FGS
T
TA Traffic Advisory
TAE Track Angle Error
TAS True Airspeed CHARTS +
TCA Terminal Control Area CHECKLISTS
TCAS Traffic Collision Avoidance System
TEMP Temperature
TERR Terrain
TGT Target
TORQ Torque RTU/ESIS
TRANS Transition
TRK Track
TUN Tune
TURB Turbulence CONCLUSION
TXT Text
TUTORIALS
GLOSSARY
FMS /MV21

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Copyright © 2020 Military Visualizations, All Rights Reserved.

• COM PRESETS show up to 20 preset frequencies for each COM radio.

• ALTITUDE shows the reference altitude data adjacent to waypoints, navaids,

Selection Display Page FMS PAGES

Page Functions: • STATUS displays the GNSS STATUS page.

• INDEX displays the INDEX 1/3 page.

Flight Directors: • No unusual attitudes, rates, or accelerations are occurring.

Autopilot/Yaw Damper Message Meaning

Symbol/Threat Level Display Criteria INTERFACE

Selection Function MV21-INTRO

Document written and edited by John Moore

Coming Soon INTERFACE

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