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21 .
22 URL: http://www.ispai.ie/docs/cepdir.pdf (
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: URL: http://www.statewatch.org/news/2011/
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23 URL: http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?refer
ence=IP/11/1255&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&
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24 URL: http://www.statewatch.org/news/2011/jun/eucouncil-sexual-exploitation-1st-reading-analysis-11987-11.
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25URL: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?
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27 S.J. Murdoch & R. Anderson, Tools and Technology
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29 Zittrain & Palfrey, p. 37. Murdoch & Anderson, p. 60ff;
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30 Faris & Villeneuve, p. 14.
31 Varadharajan, p. 63.
32 Murdoch & Anderson, p. 66.
33 Palfrey (2010), pp. 10-1; J. Veron Ferraz et al, pp. 2, 45,
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34 McIntyre, p. 8; Akdeniz (2010), p. 270.
35 Faris & Villeneuve, p. 15; Zittrain & Palfrey, pp. 36-7, 48;
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36 Ibid, pp. 63-4.
37 Palfrey (2010), p. 11; Zittrain & Palfrey, pp. 33-4; Murdoch & Anderson, p. 68.
38 Ibid, pp. 67-8; P. Esselaar, What ISPs can do about
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Ofcom, pp. 5-6, 8.
39 Cleanfeed

IP ,
,
HTTP .
-
(Varadharajan, p. 64).
40 McIntyre, p. 12; Murdoch & Anderson, p. 68.

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83 URL: http://www.quatro-project.org/home; http://isieve.com/contentfiltering/index.php ( :
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84 URL: http://www.quatro-project.org/scope (
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85 URL: http://www.rtalabel.org/ ( :
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86 S.S. Lim, Regulatory Initiatives for Managing Online
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88URL: http://kidscare.ocn.ne.jp/. . : http://www.
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89 URL: http://www.ntt.com/csr_e/report2008/safety.html
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90 Cf. Archer, p. 22.
91 URL: www.afa-france.com/AccordAFAFamille.pdf (
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94 Akdeniz (2004), pp. 118-9; Sophie Stalla-Bourdillon,
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95 PointSmart.ClickSafe: Task Force Recommendations for
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96 URL: http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/audiovisual_and_media/l24030b_en.htm ( :
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97 URL: http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/audiovisual_and_media/l24030a_en.htm;http://eur-lex.europa.eu/
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N:PDF ( : 6.12.2011).
98 URL: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.
do?uri=CELEX:31999D0276:EN:HTML; Also on Safer
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58

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57 BCG , . 15-19
58
59 http://fom.ru/blogs/10119#link1
60
61
62
63
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65 URL: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2008-10-24/the-highprice-of-internet-filtering/552148
66 .,
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69 URL: http://otago.ourarchive.ac.nz/bitstream/
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70URL: http://royal.pingdom.com/2010/11/12/real-connection-speeds-for-internet-users-across-the-world/
71 The growth machine, The Economist, May 16th
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74 URL: http://www.w3.org/PICS/ ( :
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75 RSACi, .: W3C, Recreational Software Advisory
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76 P. Archer, ICRAFail. A Lesson For the Future, p.
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77 J.P. Kesan & R.C. Shah, Shaping Code, pp. 28-34
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78 URL: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/
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79 Archer, p. 4.
80 , . 4.

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Good practice guidance for the providers of social networking and other interactive services 2008. URL: http://www.
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112 http://www.chis.org.uk/about (Accessed 30/11/11).
113 URL: http://www.education.gov.uk/ukccis/about (
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114 Office of Communications, UK code of practice for
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115 URL: http://ceop.police.uk/ ( :
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116 URL: http://www.thinkuknow.co.uk/; http://ceop.police.
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117 UKCCIS, ISPs Launch New Code of Practice on Parental Controls, 1/11/11. URL: http://www.education.gov.uk/
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118 KJM, Zwei neue Selbstkontrollen fr das Internet:
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119 Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2011: Germany,
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120 URL: http://www.usispa.org/about-ussipa/foundingprinciples ( : 8.12.2011).
121 ECPAT, Global Monitoring Report on the Status of
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122 , c. 13.
123 , cc. 13, 15.
124 URL: http://www.cpc.gc.ca/en/canadian-internet-childexploitation-cicec ( : 2.12.2011).
125 URL: http://www.iajapan.org/index-en.html (
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126 URL: http://www.cgi.br/; http://www.saferinternetday.
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127URL: http://www.prsp.mpf.gov.br/noticias-prsp/crimesciberneticos ( : 19.12.2011).
128 Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta, URL: http://www.
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129 URL: http://www.abranet.org.br/; http://www.abranet.
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130 URL: http://www.ispai.in/codeOfConduct.php (
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131 URL: http://www.apjii.or.id/en/ ( :
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132 URL: http://www.hivos.nl/esl/community/partner/50009010 ( : 8.12.2011).
133 URL: http://ispa.org.za/code-of-conduct/ (

59

99 URL: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/
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100 European Commission, Proposal for a Decision of
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101 URL: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/sip/policy/programme/current_prog/index_en.htm(
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102 European Commission, A Digital Agenda for Europe,
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103 Action 36, URL: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/fiche-dae.cfm?action_id=194&pillar_
id=45&action=Action%2036%3A%20Support%20reporting%20of%20illegal%20content%20online%20and%20
awareness%20campaigns%20on%20online%20safety%20
for%20;
Action 40: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/
newsroom/cf/fiche-dae.cfm?action_id=198&pillar_
id=45&action=Action%2040%3A%20Member%20
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104 . . Safer Internet site: http://www.
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105 Action 37, URL: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/fiche-dae.cfm?action_id=195&pillar_
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106 Coalition to Make Internet a Safer Place for Children,
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107 Facebook MySpace
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108 Safer Networking Principles for the EU, 10/2/09.
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social_networking/docs/sn_principles.pdf ( :
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109 ,
,
.
:http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/
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110 J. Zittrain & J. Palfrey, Reluctant Gatekeepers: Corporate Ethics on a Filtered Internet, in R. Deibert et al (eds.),
Access Denied: the Practice and Policy of Global Internet
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111 URL: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.
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New Internet Rules Criticized, Washington Post, 1/8/11.

URL: http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/indias-newinternet-rules-criticized/2011/07/27/gIQA1zS2mI_story.
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152 Nunziato, pp. 1148-9.
153 Akdeniz, Report of the OSCE Representative, pp.
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154 Ibid, pp. 2, 13.
155 Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2011: Turkey,
pp. 3-4.
156 Correspondence with Engelliweb.com, 19/10/11.
157 Blocking of useful sites and/or minority views: Akdeniz
(2004), pp. 111-12.
158 Ibid, pp. 108-9, 115-18.
159 M. Eneman, Internet Service Provider (ISP) filtering of Child-Abusive Material: A Critical Reflection of Its
Effectiveness, Journal of Sexual Aggression, 16/2 (2010),
pp. 224-5, 234.
. : S. Kierkegaard, To Block or Not to Block
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160 Nunziato, pp. 1145-6; UN Human Rights Council, 2011.
161 . GNI.
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162 Nunziato, pp. 1128-9. See also: Ofcom, pp. 7-8; UN
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163 McIntyre, p. 21.
164 S.R. Morrison, What the Cops Cant Do, Internet
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165 Akdeniz (2004), pp. 101-2; Kierkegaard (2008), pp.
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166 URL: http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-11c&chapter=4&lang=en; http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/
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167 J. Varon Ferraz et al, p. 49.
168 RAEK,
29 2010 . 436-
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169 , :
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149 Zittrain & Palfrey, p. 45
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201 Livingstone et al (2011), p. 44.

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174 See also: Zittrain & Palfrey, p. 122; UN Human Rights
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175 Byron (2008), p. 206.
176 Ibid, p. 2.
177 T. Bryon, Do we have safer children in a digital world?
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181 Livingstone et al (2011), p. 44. . Norton
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183 Ibid, p. 120.
184 Livingstone et al (2011), p. 44. Jones and Finkelhor present a number of features that characterize effective awareness campaigns at: L.M. Jones & D. Finkelhor, Increasing
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186 FOSI & GRID, p. 56.
187 PointSmart.ClickSafe, p. II.
188 RAEK, 2011.
189 , :

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190
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191 Stalla-Bourdillon, p. 296.
192 Zittrain & Palfrey, pp. 120-1.
193 C.M. Maclay, Protecting Privacy and Expression
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194 E. Zuckerman, Intermediary Censorship, in R. Deibert
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