Study of management principles applied to small scale industry

Annexure-I

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

ON

Study of management principles applied to small scale industry

In the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Diploma in

Mechanical Engineering

Submitted To

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

Submitted By

33 Lokhande Aniket Rohidas

34 Mengal Vishvajit Namdev
35 Pathare Sudarshan Somnath
36 Gavhane Shashi Ramdas
Under The Guidance of

Prof. Gaikwad S. G

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

AMRUTVAHINI POLYTECHNIC, AMRUTNAGAR

TAL-SANGAMNER, DIST- AHMEDNAGAR, (M.S.)

INDIA- 422608 (2021-2022)

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Annexure-I

Micro Project Proposal

Title of Micro-Project: Study of management principles applied to small scale industry

Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project :

To allow students to: demonstrate the personal abilities and skills required to produce and
present an extended piece of work. Engage in personal inquiry, action and reflection on
specific topics and issues. Focus on, and demonstrate an understanding of, the areas of
interaction. Reflect on learning and share knowledge, views and opinions.

It is also supposed to prepare students for the world of tomorrow.

1. Course Outcomes Addressed:

CI502.3- Use 1 Basic Management Principle With Aspect Of Organizations

2. Proposed Methodology:
1) Theoretical and Practical sessions to address basic knowledge along
with resolution of real cases related to the topic of the particular micro
project.
2) Micro project presentations
3) Show videos on the topic related to the same topic.
4) A platform to integrate everyone involved in the micro project, also
useful to exchange information
5) Work groups are created, which will involve 04 students per group.
6) ‘Group Constitution’ is signed, which compromise the student to do the assigned
tasks on
time.
7) Defines the objectives and tasks. This is done through documents in
English, which are found on internet. Reports can be written in English,
as students prefer.
8) Clarify doubts through forums or tutoring with the members of the Innovation
9) Clarify doubts through forums or tutoring with the members of the
Innovation Group. Teacher has to supervise work on a systematic and
periodic basis.
10) At the end of the experience, a final report will be performed.

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3. Resources Required:

Sr.No Name of resources / Specification Qty. Remark

material
1 Internet www.youtube.com 2 Library NET lab
https://mechanicalboost.com
2 Reference books A text book of Power 1 Used from
Engineering & Refrigeration library
by ( S.D Ambatkar )

4. Action Plan:

Name of responsible
Sr Finished
Details of Activity Start date team members
No Date

1 Formation of groups
2 Allocation of Micro project topic
Search information from the institute/
3
workshop/Industries/internet. All Team Members
4 Make a model/make a chart/ collection
Assessment / review of soft /Hard copy of
5
project and necessary corrections
6 Finalization of work.

5. Name of team Members with roll Nos.-

Roll. Name of students in Team

No.
33 Lokhande Aniket Rohidas
34 Mengal Vishvajit Namdev
35 Pathare Sudarshan Somnath
36 Gavhane Shashi Ramdas

( Gaikwad S. G)

Name and Sign of Subject Teachers

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 Study of management principles applied to small scale industry

`
Annexure – III
Micro Project Report
Title of Micro Project:- Study of management principles applied to small scale industry

Rationale:

Small scale industries are referred to as those industries in which the process of
manufacturing, production and servicing are done on a small scale. The investment on such
industries is one time and these investments are mostly done on plant and machinery, the
total investment on such industries do not exceed 1 crore.

Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project :

To allow students to: demonstrate the personal abilities and skills required to produce and
present an extended piece of work. Engage in personal inquiry, action and reflection on
specific topics and issues. Focus on, and demonstrate an understanding of, the areas of
interaction. Reflect on learning and share knowledge, views and opinions.

It is also supposed to prepare students for the world of tomorrow.

Course Outcomes Addressed: - CI502.3- Use 1 Basic Management Principle With Aspect Of
Organizations

Literature Review:-

1.0 INTRODUCTION:
With the growing accomplishment and acceptance of 6σ further and more manufacturing
organizations currently are using a blend of Lean and 6σ tools to improve their processes
and reduce variation. The two methods complement each other in a lot of ways. 6σ
eliminates defects but it does not report the question of in what way to improve process
flow; Lean principles exclude the advanced statistical tools required to achieve the process
capabilities needed to be truly 'lean'

A Lean Strategy brings a set of proven tools and techniques to reduce cycle time,
inventory, setup time, equipment downtime, scrap, rework and other hidden waste in the
factory. The focus is on value from customer’s perspective and flowing this through the
entire supply chain.
Value Stream approach to map the process was considered most appropriate for this
study as the process uncovers problems that cannot be solved without reducing
process variability. Process variability is the reason for many of the seven wastes; for
example, it can be responsible for overproduction, excess inventory, defects, over
processing, etc. In some cases, process variability cannot be reduced with a simple fix

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such as a go/no-go fixture; the tools of Six Sigma and the Six Sigma define, measure,
analyze, improve and control (DMAIC) methodology are very effective in these cases.
This is where Six Sigma fits into lean and was considered the most appropriate for the
study. [1]
However, applying both methods simultaneously holds the capacity of being able to
address all types of process difficulties with the most appropriate tool kit. This research
work utilizes the tools of both methodologies to help a manufacturing company reduce
the lead times and scrap of an injection molding process. Value stream mapping is
applied to map the current and future process and help make recommendations to
reduce scrap. Six Sigma methodology of problem solving is utilized to shortlist variables
that can be studied further during design of experiments to further cut down the scrap
and rework.

2.0 SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES:

One of the major source that initiate the economy of the nation is the small-scale
industry. Countries that are industrialized, advanced and economically buoyant are
countries with vibrant and active manufacturing sector. [3]

3.0 QUALITY SYSTEM SURVEY:

Based on the survey over 500 small scale industries in and around Puducherry, it is
being clear that there is a clear lack of knowledge in Lean Six sigma

Chart of Percentages
35

30

25
Percentages

20

15

10

Quality Systems

Figure 1: Quality system survey in small scale industries

4.0 DISCUSSION ON IMPLEMENTING LEAN SIX SIGMA TO SMALL

SCALE INDUSTRIES:
The main objective of this research is to utilize a combination of Lean and Six Sigma
techniques to streamline their processes. Value stream mapping captures the current

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state of the process in its entirety and objectively analyzes the areas where lead time
improvements can be introduced. This study looked at an Injection Molding process
and identifying the bottlenecks which impact the increase in the lead time of the
manufacturing process, eliminating the non-value-added activities and developing a
future state value stream for the process. The study also focuses on application of six
sigma tools to analyze the probable causes of defects and recommend areas of
improvement to reduce the scrap rework. [4]

5.0 CASE STUDY ON INITIAL STATUS OF THE COMPANY (NPPL):

NPPL is in Puducherry, India. Nuvo Plastic specializes in custom plastic injection
molding. The services include design assistance, tooling, production and packaging. The
reason for selecting this concern is due local contacts and the company is also willing to
implement lean six sigma.

6.0 PROCESS FLOW OF NPPL:

Customer Raw Material Raw Material Initial Set Up Packing and

Order Scheduling Purchasing Processing Trail Run Production Inspection Delivery

Figure 2: Process flow of NPPL

A plastic injection molding company practicing the 5s method will benefit by having
faster set up times, reduced working costs, a visually attractive workspace and higher
employee confidence. As the concept is well known, the initial stage is to check the
status of the company.
5 S audit has been conducted for plastic injection moulding

5S Audit Chart
Initial Audit in Small Scale Industry
10

6
Score

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Figure 3: Initial 5S audit

From the initial audit, the company is facing identification issue and over all there is no
proper handling of equipment, tools and machine parts. The audit is evaluated for the
score maximum of 10 points scale. The score from the initial audit is clear that the
industry is in need of training and obviously lean six sigma.
According to Lean Six Sigma, small scale industries can improve work flow by reducing
waste. This specific practice targets to report project management requirements and to
support in associate companies attain better levels of production however refining
upon processes. Lean waste is most commonly examined because it is up to the success
full enterprise to minimize such matters and to ensure positive outcomes.

Figure 4: Initial status of the NPPL

To maintain a competitive edge, Six Sigma encourages the technical person to identify
and eliminate the waste that is encountered within the organization. These measures
aim to enhance the flow of production and to strengthen the weaker areas that are
encountered within the business. There are many common areas where such negative
outcomes may develop. [4], [5].
Wasteful areas within an organization are known to develop in several ways. Many
processes that add to the complexity of running an enterprise become lost over time
requiring re-application and re-organization. This can be a timely and costly measure
especially where methods or programs are rarely used yet require specified knowledge
to perform.
When businesses engage in an over analysis and constant assessments, it will not only
prove expensive, but it takes away from performing essential organizational tasks. To
develop accurate ways of improving performance, it is important to consider the ways
in which customers are served in achieving client satisfaction. The Lean approach

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emphasizes the fact that companies should use the appropriate resources to meet the
demand.
All problems that are identified within the organization should be treated with equal
levels of focus and need to resolve. Companies are advised to achieve more accurate
data results with the use of statistical charts and techniques including the necessary
quantitative methods. It is important to consider the measures needed to meet the
demand in an efficient and quality manner. [6]

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Figure 5: Initial status of the NPPL

The objective for the companies is to make the assessment and reading of information
more efficient as it allows that company to get to the root of the problem more
effectively. When measures are put in place that are easy to understand and may be
applied in an appropriate manner, all employees are better equipped to respond to
organizational demands and changes. This will further aid in addressing idle resources
and the ability to make use of measures in an effective and comprehensive manner.
Waiting is a problem that is encountered a number of times when it comes to the
implementation of a project or experiments within the business. This means that a
company is slowed down and productivity wasted as all individuals are reliant on the
delivery of certain project resources, data, and a range of measures that are required
for successful and speedy outcomes. Poor planning is a contributing factor as it wastes
resources and return on investment.
If companies spend a considerable period waiting on particular projects, the costs of
turnover will simply rise. Lean waste can be minimized and eliminated with the
implementation of the appropriate tools. Six Sigma believes in tackling such processes
to ensure that the business remains productive and will prevent against delays,
overstocking, and ongoing losses.

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7.0 CONCLUSION:
Lean Six Sigma is valid in both large as well as small scale industries, the difficulty is that
small industries regularly do not have satisfactory funds to bring out the
implementation successfully. By selecting for Lean Six Sigma implementation, small
enterprises frequently expose themselves to numerous restrictions. Lack of suitable
funds, both human and economic leads to increased level of employee frustration, as
they must work extra hours all thru the implementation phase. Small organizations are
facing difficulties in engagement of Lean Six Sigma experts, who are vital for the success
of any implementation.

It is challenging for these organizations to speed up the implementation process, as

they must manipulate between meeting existing duties and supervising the project
implementation at the same period. These restrictions can make different sorts of
problems such as the absence of the necessary tools and methods that are necessary
for effective and apt implementation of the Lean Six Sigma project. The restrictions also
increase the threat of producing out dated and unsuccessful results aimed at
redesigning the product, service or the business process. These limitations can easily
extend the deployment cycle time as chances are high that faults start happening at the
early deployment periods, which eventually can generate a chain of numerous errors. If
the small-scale industries overcome these difficulties, there will be drastic change in the
organization.
 Actual Methodology Followed:
1. First we form the five student group for Micro-Project.
2. Then finalized topic with mutual discussion under guidance of teacher.
3. As topic finalized, we tried to search available resources from website, library,
workshop, etc. to collect information related to micro-project.
4. Next step was to collect information from it.
5. After that take photographs and detailed information from it.
6. Report presentation and finalization of it under guidance of teacher.
7. Then, there was presentation of micro-project to subject teacher.
8. Report submission was done after necessary correction if given by teacher

Output of micro project:

In this micro project we study Single Acting Reciprocating Compressor and Double-Acting
Reciprocating Compressor we learn how it working and construction and its types Student
understand the concept the single and double acting reciprocating compresso

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Resources Required:

Sr.No Name of resources / material Specification Qty. Remark

1 Internet www.youtube.com 2 Library NET lab
https://mechanicalboost.com
2 Reference books A text book of Management by 1 Used from
( V.V Giri ) library

Skill development / learning outcome from project:

1. Able to search the information of micro project on internet.

2. Able to understand the usage various type sensors and its application
3. Student abel to know how to us Microsoft word and how to make micro projects
on it
4. Basic knowledge.
5. Observation skill.
6. Leader ship.
7. Management skill.
8. Communication Skill.

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