Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
^EZ@ASZP 7 LCPXDAK
LCPXDAK - :>52-:>54
^rcscktcr per 7
Ejhcmbeidf CM-FDZC
Zdhe CMBEXD
Ck`ehrä per 7
^r. Fab`dkc JEIBEX
-5-
PAFFEDZC
^ er td c pr cfd âr c7 per td
tdcc tbäar d quc…………………………………..2
bäa
H cuxd
ux d âfc per td
tdcc7 per td
tdcc pr etd
tdqquc…………………………………..… 0?
@ B E^
E ^ D X Z C D D D 7 ^ZCPCKXEXDAK HS USCPXDAKKEDZC…….....08
@BE^ D X ZC D _ 7 EK
@BE^ EMTPC HC
HC M—CKUSCXC …………………......04
M—CKUSCXC
@AK@MSPDAK LCKCZEMC……………………………………………...3>
JDJMDALZE^BDC………………………………………………...…….. ...35
EKKCRC………………………………………………………………38
-:-
Odlurcs 5: 7 ^rdk`dpcs…………………………………………………………………..05
^rdk`dpcs…………………………………………………………………..05
-0-
Hähd`e`cs
-8-
Zcfcr`dcfckts
Kaus vauhrdaks cxprdfcr kas rc`akkedssek`cs ckvcrs mcs efds ct `ammâlucs qud kaus
akt eppartäs mcur suppart farem ct dktcmmc`tucm taut eu makl hc katrc häfer`bc.
Kaus tdckhraks eussd î täfadlkcr taus `cux qud akt edhä, hc prâs au hc madk, î me
räemdsetdak hc katrc trevedm trauvckt m—cxprcssdak
m—cxprcssdak hc katrc praoakhc syfpetbdc.
-3-
KXD@ 7 Kauvcmmcs
7 Kauvcmmcs Xc`bkamaldcs hc m'Dkoarfetdak
m'Dkoarfetdak ct hc me @affukd`etdak
@affukd`etdak
MM 7 mdedsaks mauäcs
mauäcs
XD 7 tc`bkamaldc dkoarfetdak
dkoarfetdak
-?-
DKXZAHS@XDAK
Mc `affcr`c ck mdlkc, me vcktc ck mdlkc, me vcktc î hdstek`c au ck`arc mc `yjcr`affcr`c
cst m—ä`beklc akärcux hc jdcks ct hc scrvd`cs per mc jdeds hcs räsceux dkoarfetdqucs,
läkäremcfckt dktcrkct.
@cs hcrkdârcs ekkäcs, mc sc`tcur hu `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc s—cst dks`rdt ck oartc ävamutdak.
Dm r cpräscktc
cpräscktc e`tucmmcfckt ukc `afpasektc trâs hykefdquc hc m—ä`akafdc kufärdquc.
M—eulfcktetdak hu kafjrc h—dktcrkeutcs
h—dktcrkeutcs fera`edks ct hc partcurs hc `ertcs jek`edrcs, edksd
quc me verdätä ct me quemdtä hcs prahudts ct scrvd`cs prapasäs ck mdlkc akt oevardsä `c
hävcmappcfckt.
hävcmappcfckt. Me hhykefdquc
ykefdquc hu sc`tcur ct mcs appartukdtäs qu—aoorckt mcs `yjcr`affcrìekts
eux `yjcr`aksaffetcurs
`yjcr`aksaffetcurs rckoar`ckt mcs dkvcstdsscfckts heks `c sc`tcur.
Mcs prcfdcrs räsumtets räemdsäs heks `c hafedkc sakt ck`aurelcekts ct medssckt `radrc î uk
hä`ammelc hu c-`affcr`c heks katrc peys.
Uucmmc sakt mcs ajste`mcs qud orcdkckt m—ävamutdak hc m—c -`affcr`c eu Fera` 1
Cst-`c quc mcs ätuhdekts Fera`edks eyekt me `ertc fdkbety akt `akodek`c ck c-`affcr`c 1
Heks me prcfdârc pertdc hc `c trevedm kaus emmaks hakkcr ukc vdsdak lmajemc sur m'c-
`affcr`c, me sdtuetdak e`tucmmc hc m'c-`affcr`c eu Fera`, mc prajmâfc hc me `akodek`c hcs
`aksaffetcurs qud `akstdtuc m'uk hcs ajste`mcs qud orcdkckt m'ävamutdak hc c-`affcr`c eu
Fera`.
Me hcuxdâfc pertdc ve partcr sur ukc ätuhc sur me tckhek`c hu c-`affcr`c eu Fera` î
trevcrs uk qucstdakkedrc, qud ve pcrfcttrc hc fdcux `akkedtrc mcs `afpartcfckts hcs
dktcrkeutcs, h'evadr ukc dhäc sur m'ävamutdak hu sc`tcur ct hc hä`cmcr qucms paurredckt çtrc scs
^crspc`tdos.
-<-
Heks me prcfdârc pertdc hc `c trevedm kaus emmaks hakkcr ukc vdsdak lmajemc sur m'c-
`affcr`c, me sdtuetdak
sdtuetdak e`tucmmc hc m'c-`affcr`c eu
eu Fera` ak ve tredtcr `cs evektelcs
evektelcs ct `cs
dk`akväkdckts edksd quc `cs oarfc, kaus emmaks egautcr me mufdârc sur m—ätet hcs mdcux hu c -
`affcr`c ck präscktekt me stretäldc hu Fera` kufärdquc ehaptä ck ehaptekt ukc kauvcmmc
eppra`bc ä`akafdquc î sevadr 9m—ä`akafdc kufärdquc au m—ä`akafdc hu sevadr î trevcrs
M—evckdr hu c-`affcr`c
c-`affcr`c eu Fera` cst prafcttcur. Pudvekt `c hävcmappcfckt femlrä mcs
ajste`mcs qud m'cfpç`bckt tcm quc me `akodek`c hcs `aksaffetcurs. @cttc hcrkdârc rcpräscktc
uk ckgcu oakhefcktem paur me prafatdak hcs e`tdvdtäs hc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc. mc
hävcmappcfckt
hävcmappcfckt hu `affcr`c ämc`
ämc`trakdquc
trakdquc kc sc ocre quc sd m'ak errdvc lelkcr me `akodek`c
`akodek`c hu
`aksaffetcur, ck essurekt me sä`urdtä hcs räsceux ct hcs ä`beklcs ämc`trakdqucs, me pratc`tdak
hcs hakkäcs pcrsakkcmmcs
pcrsakkcmmcs ct hc me vdc prdväc ct me muttc `aktrc me `yjcr`rdfdkemdtä.
-2-
Me fcsurc hu `affcr`c
`affcr`c ämc`trakdquc cst hdood`dmc paur uk `crtedk kafjrc hc re
redsaks,
dsaks, y
`afprds me häodkdtdak hc `c qud `akstdtuc mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc, me vdtcssc hc se `radssek`c
ct hc m'ävamutdak ct mc oedt quc, heks hc kafjrcux `es, mcs cktrcprdscs cooc`tuckt î me oads mc
`affcr`c ämc`trakdquc ct `affcr`c trehdtdakkcm sdfumtekäfckt. Uuektdodcr me vemcur essa`däc
î hcs e`tdvdtäs hc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc pcut çtrc hdood`dmc pudsquc pmusdcurs hc scs
prdk`dpemcs quemdtäs - me `affahdtä, me verdätä ct me oe`dmdtä h'e``âs î m'dkoarfetdak - sakt
hdood`dmcs î fcsurcr. @cme `akhudt î ukc sdtuetdak aô dm scfjmc pcu prajejmc quc mcs aood`cs
stetdstdqucs aood`dcmmcs scrakt ck fcsurc hc oaurkdr hcs stetdstdqucs prä`dscs sur mc `affcr`c
ämc`trakdquc ct me pcrspd`e`dtä quektdtetdvc sur me keturc hc `cttc e`tdvdtä hcvrakt `afptcr sur
mcs oaurkdsscurs prdväs hc hakkäcs qud sauoorckt h'uk `crtedk kafjrc hc me`ukcs, pes hakt me
fadkhrc cst ukc häodkdtdak trekspercktc hc `c qu'ak cktckh per mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc.
Heks `cttc sc`tdak ak ve hakkcr ukc vdsdak sur mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc, ck tredtekt scs
hdooärcktcs häodkdtdaks, sak bdstardquc ct se `radssek`c.
5) Häodkdtdaks hc m'c-`affcr`c
Pcmak m'AF@5 "Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc `—cst me räemdsetdak h'e`tc(s) `affcr`demc(s)
(_cktc, e`bet, ma`etdak, ...) ck utdmdsekt ct/au `afjdkekt mcs kauvcmmcs tc`bkamaldcs hc
`affukd`etdak. Au mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc cst me vcktc h'uk prahudt au scrvd`c präscktä,
e`bctä, ct peyä ämc`trakdqucfckt (fusdquc, td`ict, mdvrc ämc`trakdquc, bäjcrlcfckt ct
prcstetdak Dktcrkct, ct`.)"
ct`.)"
5
gaur mc gcuhd, 5< Gekvdcr, :>50
www.ac`h.arl, Hcrkdârc fdsc î gaur
-4-
Pcmak Ge`qucs Mckhrcvdc: ct Gumdck Mävy "mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc cst m'e`bet, me vcktc
ct m'ä`beklc hc jdcks ct hc scrvd`cs sur hcs räsceux ämc`trakdqucs, pertd`umdârcfckt Dktcrkct.
Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc `auvrc mcs trads espc`ts 7 h—dkoarfetdak sur mcs prahudts, hc prdsc hc
`affekhc ct hc odhämdsetdak. Mcs stetdstdqucs hc vcktcs sur Dktcrkct kc fcsurckt quc mcs
`affekhcs ck mdlkc".
Pcmak Gcek-Orek
Gcek-Orekìads
ìads ^
^DMMAS
DMMAS "ak eppcmmc « @affcr`c ämc`trakdquc ¹ (au c-@affcr`c)
m'utdmdsetdak h'uk fähde ämc`trakdquc paur me räemdsetdak hc trekse`tdaks `affcr`demcs. Me
pmupert hu tcfps dm s'eldt hc mmee vcktc hc prahudts î trevcrs mc räsceu dktcrkct, feds mc tcrfc hc
c-`affcr`c cklmajc eussd mcs fä`ekdsfcs h'e`bet per dktcrkct (paur mc J-Xa-J).
Ckodk, paur mcs scrvd`cs ct prahudts ämc`trakdqucs (od`bdcrs F^0, mald`dcms, mdvrcs
ämc`trakdquc, ct`.), mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc pcrfct hc hdspascr hc sak e`bet heks uk tcfps
trâs `aurt vadrc dkstektekä".
:
Mckhrcvdc, G., ct Mävy., G (:>58). Xaut mc ferictdkl î m—ârc
m—ârc kufärdquc (55c ähdtdak), p. 03<. ^ujmdä mc 7
:>/>2/:>58
^dmmau, G, O., ct Jetbcmat, J., fds î gaur mc 7 0> gekvdcr
gekvdcr :>5? sur Bttp7//www.hcodkdtdaks-ferictdkl.`af
Bttp7//www.hcodkdtdaks-ferictdkl.`af
- 5>
\\\.EKZX.FE
0
BXX^7//\\\.OZ@.@B, HÄ@CFJZC :>>2
- 55
Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc hakkc eux `mdckts me passdjdmdtä hc `afpercr hcs prahudts fadks
`bcrs ct hc quemdtä. E m—edhc hc c-`affcr`c,
c -`affcr`c, mcs `aksaffetcurs pcuvckt oe`dmcfckt cooc`tucr
hcs rc`bcr`bcs sur uk prahudt spä`dodquc ct peroads fçfc trauvcr mc oejrd`ekt h—ardldkc î
m—e`bet h—uk prahudt î uk prdx jceu`aup fadks `bcr quc `cmud pretdquä per mc lrassdstc. Mc
felesdkelc ck mdlkc cst sauvckt pmus pretdquc ct ledk hc tcfps quc mcs `aurscs `messdqucs.
Autrc `cs, pcrsakkcs vdckkckt eussd î trevcrs mcs `affcktedrcs pastäs per h—eutrcs `mdckts, sur
mcs prahudts e`bctäs î pertdr h—uk sdtc ck pertd`umdcr mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc, qud pcut
pcut edhcr
edhcr î
prckhrc hcs hä`dsdaks
hä`dsdaks h—e`be
h—e`bet.t.
^aur hcs qucstdaks hc jusdkcss, c-`affcr`c rähudt `aksdhärejmcfckt mcs `aùts essa`däs î
me `affcr`demdsetdak, scrvd`c î me `mdcktâmc, mc tredtcfckt, mc sta`ielc hc m—dkoarfetdak ct hc
- 5:
Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc
ämc`trakdquc J ta J 7
8
\\\.FEXEO.KCX, ? GSDK :>5?
- 50
j) Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc J ta E 7
`) Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc J ta @ 7
Sk dktrekct cst uk räsceu bcrfätdquc `akkc`tä î Dktcrkct feds pratälä per uk perc-ocu
(odrcwemm) (3). M'cktrcprdsc qud hdspasc h'uk dktrekct fct î me hdspasdtdak hc sak pcrsakkcm
tautcs oarfcs h'dkoarfetdaks pcrtdkcktcs e``cssdjmcs hc fekdârc dkstektekäc
Mcs dkoarfetdaks `ak`crkekt, per cxcfpmc, hcs räsumtets h'cxpärdck`cs dkhustrdcmmcs, hcs
samutdaks ferictdkl, me lcstdak hcs sta`is ct hu pcrsakkcm, me vcdmmc tc`bkamaldquc au taut
sdfpmcfckt me fcsselcrdc ämc`trakdquc.
- 58
@cttc oarfc hc h'ä`beklc `ak`crkc mcs trekse`tdaks ämc`trakdqucs cktrc hcux au pmusdcurs
`aksaffetcurs `affc per cxcfpmc me vcktc eux ck`bârcs ct me jaursc h'ä`beklc.
@c`d hdt, mcs hcux prcfdârcs oarfcs `dtäcs `d evekt (J ta J ct J ta @) rcstckt mcs pmus
räpakhucs, hatäcs h'uk patcktdcm hc `radssek`c trâs oart.
Paur`c 7 EKZX
0) mcs systâfcs hc pedcfckt3 7
e- @ertc hc `rähdt
Me
Me `ertc hc `rähdt
`rähdt cst uk fahc hc pedcfckt qud pcrfct h'e`bctcr hcs fer`bekhdscs au hcs
scrvd`cs ck hdooärekt mc pedcfckt.
3
JEKUSC.AAZCIE.OZ
- 53
j- @ertc hc häjdt
Me `ertc hc häjdt cst ukc `ertc jek`edrc `ahäc pcrfcttekt î sak passcsscur hc räemdscr hcs
e`bets hc jdcks ct scrvd`cs seks evadr rc`aurs eu kufäredrc.
Mc tdtumedrc hc me `ertc pcut hak` cooc`tucr hcs râlmcfckts `bcz uk `affcrìekt lrê`c î
m'utdmdsetdak hc sak `ahc `akodhcktdcm au rctdrcr hcs cspâ`cs heks uk hdstrdjutcur hc jdmmcts. Me
`ertc hc häjdt pcut çtrc î häjdt dffähdet (mc häjdt sur mc `afptc s'cooc`tuc î `bequc apäretdak)
au î häjdt hdooärä (m'e`bet rälmä per `ertc cst häjdtä ck odk
od k hc fads).
Skc `ertc jek`edrc präpeyäc cst uk fayck hc pedcfckt qud härdvc hc me `ertc hc häjdt. Me
hdooärck`c oakhefcktemc cst m'ejsck`c hc `akkcxdak evc` mc `afptc jek`edrc hc me jekquc hu
partcur.
Peks `afptc jek`edrc ct seks cklelcfckt, me `ertc jek`edrc präpeyäc pcrfct hc peycr scs
e`bets heks mcs felesdks ct sur dktcrkct `affc ukc `ertc hc `rähdt `messdquc seks mcs
dk`akväkdckts
h- ^ey^em
^ey^em cst uk sdtc Dktcrkct qud aoorc me passdjdmdtä h'cooc`tucr hcs pedcfckts ct hcs treksocrts
h'erlckt ck mdlkc evc` uk fexdfuf hc sä`urdtä. @c scrvd`c cst lretudt. Dm suoodt h'cktrcr
präemejmcfckt scs `aarhakkäc
`aarhakkäcss odkek`dârcs qud kc sakt edksd pes `affukdquäcs eux sdtcs
fer`bekhs.
c- _drcfckt jek`edrc
Mc vdrcfckt jek`edrc cst uk treksocrt h'erlckt h'uk `afptc î uk eutrc, cooc`tuä hc fekdârc
ämc`trakdquc, sadt ck sc rckhekt î me jekquc, sadt per Dktcrkct.
Mcs `afptcs `ak`crkäs kc sakt pes oar`äfckt hafd`dmdäs heks me fçfc elck`c au heks me
fçfc jekquc.
- 5?
Me pcrsakkc qud rcìadt m'erlckt cst mc jäkäod`dedrc. @cmmc qud hadt hc m'erlckt cst m'äfcttcur
au hakkcur h'arhrc.
o- ^eycr ck cspâ`cs
- 5<
M—evckdr hu
hu c-`affcr`c eu Fera` cst prafcttcur. Pudvekt `c hävcmappcfckt femlrä mcs
ajste`mcs qud m'cfpç`bckt tcm quc me `akodek`c hcs `aksaffetcurs. @cttc hcrkdârc rcpräscktc
uk ckgcu oakhefcktem paur me prafatdak hcs e`tdvdtäs hc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc. mc
hävcmappcfckt
hävcmappcfckt hu `affcr`c ämc`
ämc`trakdquc
trakdquc kc sc ocre quc sd m'ak errdvc lelkcr me `akodek`c
`akodek`c hu
`aksaffetcur, ck essurekt me sä`urdtä hcs räsceux ct hcs ä`beklcs ämc`trakdqucs, me pratc`tdak
hcs hakkäcs pcrsakkcmmcs
pcrsakkcmmcs ct hc me vdc prdväc ct me muttc `aktrc me `yjcr`rdfdkemdtä.
Heks `c `bepdtrc, kaus emmaks gctcr me mufdârc sur m'ätet hcs mdcux hu c-`affcr`c eu Fera`.
Ck präscktekt me stretäldc hu Fera` kufärdquc ehaptä paur pausscr ck evekt m'c-`affcr`c
fera`edk ck ehaptekt ukc kauvcmmc eppra`bc ä`akafdquc 9 î sevadr m'ä`akafdc kufärdquc au
m'ä`akafdc hu sevadr 7 kaus tcktcraks hc hrcsscr mc partredt hu c-`affcr`c fera`edk, î trevcrs
m'ätuhc hcs padkts sudvekts 7
?
bttp7//www.megeukcctmeraulc.`af
bttp7//www.megeukcctmeraulc.`af
- 52
Skc veluc hc `radssek`c qu'uk peys ck vadc hc hävcmappcfckt cspârc sedsdr paur oedrc oe`c
î scs `aktredktcs ct fdcux räpakhrc eux cxdlck`cs hc hävcmappcfckt ä`akafdquc ct sa`dem
taut ck espdrekt ck tekt quc ketdak î pauvadr `beklcr h'arjdtc hc `messdod`etdak.
Käekfadks mc praodt quc pauvedt ck tdrcr mc peys cst madk h'çtrc aptdfdsä, `affc `cme e ätä
mc `es paur h'eutrcs peys tcm quc m'Dkhc per cxcfpmc, emars quc mc Fera` pauvedt präscktcr î
m'ardldkc hcs evektelcs `afperetdos kak kälmdlcejmcs.
E me odk hc fers :>5?, mc Fera` e ettcdkt mc pemdcr hcs 8: fdmmdaks h'ejakkäs fajdmc, evc`
uk teux hc päkätretdak hc 5:8.:<%, `c qud `akstdtuc älemcfckt uk fatcur hc praxdfdtä paur
mcs fumtdketdakemcs ct mcs `cktrcs h'eppcms häsdrekt s'dkstemmcr eu Fera`, dkhdquc m'Elck`c
ketdakemc hc rälmcfcktetdak hcs tämä`affukd`etdaks (EKZX).
M—apäretcur bdstardquc
bdstardquc DEF hätdckt me pmus lrekhc pert hu per` fajdmc evc` 80,8< % hu
fer`bä ct 05,05% paur sak `ak`urrckt Fchd Xcmc`af, emars quc \EKE hätdckt :3,::%
Paur`c 7 EKZX
- 54
Mcs prdk`dpemcs aoorcs Dktcrkct sur mc fer`bä fera`edk sakt mcs e``âs "Hdem Sp"
evc` ct seks ejakkcfckt, mcs e``âs "Oaroedts", mcs e``âs vde "Mdedsaks Mauäcs
Dktcrkct", mcs e``âs "EHPM" ct dktcrkct fajdmc.
M—e``âs Dktcrkct Fajdmc rcpräscktc 45,45% hu per` lmajem Dktcrkct sudvd hc m—EHPM evc`
2,><%
- :>
Paur`c7 EKZX
Ck tcrfcs hc pert hc fer`bä, DEF hätdckt 38,4% hu per` Dktcrkct lmajem sudvd hc Fchd
Xcmc`af ct \EKE @arpa retc î perts älemcs evc` ::,34% paur mc prcfdcr ct ::,35% paur mc
sc`akh.
ferss :>5?
EKZX, fer
Mc Fera` e oedt hcs evek`äcs dfpartektcs ct sdlkdod`etdvcs heks mc hafedkc hcs KXD@, `c
qud kc pcut çtrc quc jäkäodquc î m'ävamutdak hu c-`affcr`c eu Fera`.
Jdck quc `cs KXD@ `akstdtuckt me `berpcktc rdldhc hu c-`affcr`c, dm cst tautcoads
kä`cssedrc quc `cttc kauvcmmc n'ä`akafdc hcs räsceux n' sadt rälmcfcktäc î m'edhc h'uk hdspasdtdo
gurdhdquc sus`cptdjmc hc lerektdr me pratc`tdak hcs hradts hu `aksaffetcur
`aksaffetcur fera`edk ct mud
pcrfcttrc h'e`bctcr
h'e`bctcr ck mdlkc ck tautc sä`urdtä.
- :5
PASZ@C 7 IETFS :>53
- ::
Mcs baffcs sakt mcs pmus bejdtuäs hcs sdtcs hc c-`affcr`c evc` uk paur`cktelc hc 32%
`afperä eux ocffcs evc` 8:%.
Ieyfu, :>53
Mcs `yjcr`aksaffetcurs
`yjcr`aksaffetcurs fera`edks sc `ak`cktrckt --ct
ct `cme k—e rdck h—ätakkekt-
h—ätakkekt- sur m—exc
@esejmek`e-Zejet.
@esejmek`e-Zejet. @esejmek`e sc `messc ck tçtc hc odmc evc` 04% h—utdmdsetcurs, Zejet a``upc
me hcuxdâfc pasdtdak
pasdtdak evc` uk paur`cktelc hc 52%. @—cst me vdmmc hc Xeklcr qud `afptc mc
fadks hc `yjcr`aksaffetcurs.
`yjcr`aksaffetcurs. Dms sakt scumcfckt 3% heks me vdmm
vdmmcc hu Karh î oedrc hcs e`bets
ck mdlkc.
- :0
M'e`bet vde mcs tcrfdkeux fajdmcs cst fadks hävcmappä eu Fera`. 0?% h—e`bets scumcfckt
sakt cooc`tuäs vde Pfertpbakcs. Mcs tejmcttcs kufärdqucs scfjmckt, scmak m—ätuhc, çtrc mcs
tcrfdkeux mcs fadks prdsäs per mcs `yjcr`aksaffetcurs paur e`bctcr ck mdlkc. 4% scumcfckt
hcs e`bets s'cooc`tuckt vde mcs tejmcttcs kufärdqucs.
^er edmmcurs, me huräc fayckkc hcs scssdaks paur mcs kauvceux vdsdtcurs cst hc 8 fdkutcs.
Ck rcvek`bc, me huräc rcmetdvc eux vdsdtcurs `akkus cst hc < fdkutcs. ^musdcurs padkts
cxpmdquckt me redsak paur mequcmmc me huräc hcs scssdaks ct mc teux hc `akvcrsdak sakt ämcväcs
paur mcs vdsdtcurs `akkus.
`akkus. ^erfd mcsq
mcsqucmmcs,
ucmmcs, kaus ppauvaks
auvaks `dtcr7
Odhämdtä î me ferquc / e`bctcurs rälumdcrs 7 mcs vdsdtcurs `akkus sakt odhâmcs î me ferquc.
Dms pessckt pmus hc tcfps î per`aurdr mcs prahudts ct sakt pmus sus`cptdjmcs h'cooc`tucr uk e`bet.
Heks `crtedks `es, mcs `mdckts odhâmcs prckkckt mcur hä`dsdak h'e`bet qu'eprâs ukc prcfdârc
vdsdtc sur uk sdtc c-`affcr`c. Edksd, mc pra`cssus h'e`bet k'cst cooc`tuä quc pckhekt me
hcuxdâfc au me tradsdâfc vdsdtc, räsumtekt ck uk teux hc `akvcrsdak pmus ämcvä.
- :8
Pcmak mcs `ak`musdaks hc Ieyfu Fera`, î pcdkc 0<% hu tatem hcs `aksaffetcurs ck
mdlkc präoârckt e`bctcr uk prahudt sur uk sdtc hägî `aksumtä. Dm cst î katcr quc mcs ?0% qud
rcstckt edfcredckt fckcr hcs rc`bcr`bcs ck mdlkc ct oedrc hcs `afperedsaks hc prdx, `bcr`bcr
hcs hcems ct hcs aoorcs prafatdakkcmmcs evekt hc pauvadr ckodk prckhrc ukc hä`dsdak.
Paur`c 7 Ieyfu
:.<) Me `radssek`
`radssek`cc hc m'c-`affcr`c
m'c-`affcr`c eu Fera`
:8.>4 fdmmderhs hc hdrbefs akt ätä häpcksäs ck :>58 per mcs dktcrkeutcs Fera`edks. Mc c-
`affcr`c eu Fera` cst hcvcku uk fer`bä kak kälmdlcejmc. Hcpuds :>55, `c fer`bä `akkedt
ukc beussc oumlurektc. Evc` 52 fdmmdaks hc @yjcr-`aksaffetcurs patcktdcms, mc patcktdcm cst
jcm ct jdck ävdhckt.
ävdhckt.
- :3
H—ukc eutrc pert, `c hävcmappcfckt cst eussd sautcku per me vamaktä pamdtdqu c, î trevcrs mc
^mek Fera` Kufärdquc :>50 qud e `aktrdjuä î me fumtdpmd`etdak hcs sdtcs fer`bekhs (Fera`
Xcmc`af, Myhc`…) ct hcs scrvd`cs lauvcrkcfckteux ck mdlkc (Xräsarcrdc Läkäremc hu
Zayeufc, Ehfdkdstretdak hcs Hauekcs ct Dfpøts Dkhdrc`ts…).
Dkhdrc`ts…).
Mc pekdcr fayck
fayck hc m—c-`aksaffetcur
m—c-`aksaffetcur fera`edk
fera`edk s—ämâvc eugaurh—bud î <>4 HB,
HB, uk `bdoorc
ck pert evc` mc pekdcr fayck hu c-`aksaffetcur Efärd`edk <:$.
Lelkcr hu tcfps
Mc lauvcrkcfckt Fera`edk prävadt pmusdcurs e`tdaks qud `ak`aurrakt î fdcux pratälcr mcs
c-`aksaffetcurs
c-`aksaffetcurs.. Dm s—eldt hc me fdsc ck pme`c hu mejcm cc-tbdqN
-tbdqN per mc fdkdstârc hc m—dkhustrdc,
- :?
<
Zeppart pertd`umdcr k¾ >3/50/@B D_, ävemuetdak hc me stretäldc Fera` kufärdquc, pujmdä mc 7 oävrdcr :>58
- :<
Edksd, hävcmappcr ukc utdmdsetdak cood`e`c hcs XD heks taus mcs hafedkcs hc me vdc
ä`akafdquc ct
ct sa`demc fera`edkc ccst
st ukc prdardtä paur essurcr eu peys ukc `radssek`c
`radssek`c ct ukc
`afpätdtdvdtä hurejmcs.
Efämdaretdak hc me prahu`tdvdtä 7
Hc `c oedt, mc teux hc päkätretdak hcs XD heks mcs cktrcprdscs, ck pertd`umdcr mcs ^FC ct mcs
X^C, ct mcur utdmdsetdak räpekhuc ct cooc`tdvc gauckt uk rømc prdfarhdem heks mc hävcmappcfckt
h—ukc ä`akafdc
ä`akafdc hu se
sevadr
vadr ct heks me `epe`dtä hcs cktrcprds
cktrcprdscs
cs î prahudrc
prahudrc ukc vemcur egautäc
egautäc
supärdcurc ct `räcr hc kauvceux ldscfckts h—cfpmads.
h—cfpmads.
E``âs î me `akkedssek`c 7
- :2
Dm cst csscktdcm hc oedrc `akkeëtrc eux `dtaycks mcs jäkäod`cs hcs XD, hc mcur oaurkdr hcs
appartukdtäs h—e``âs î `cs tc`bkamaldcs, hc oe`dmdtcr
oe `dmdtcr mcur äqudpcfckt ck fetärdcms ct hc mcur
pcrfcttrc h—e`quärdr mcs `akkedssek`cs
`akkedssek`cs kä`cssedrcs î m—utdmdsetdak eppraprdäc hc `cs
tc`bkamaldcs.
Heks `c `aktcxtc, eprâs mcs evek`äcs räemdsäcs ck tcrfcs h—äqudpcfckt hcs `dtaycks ck
tämäpbakc fajdmc, me pra`bedkc ätepc scredt h—e``ämärcr mc pra`cssus hc häfa`retdsetdak
h—Dktcrkct î hafd`dmc ct h—dk`dtcr î ukc ehaptdak repdhc hcs kauvcmmcs tc`bkamaldcs per mcs
`dtaycks heks mcur vdc eu quatdhdck.
@c`d cst h—eutekt pmus vred heks mcs zakcs hdood`dmcs h—e``âs, aô m—arhdketcur `akkc`tä î
Dktcrkct rcstc mc scum fayck
fa yck hc mdedsak evc` mc fakhc hcs `akkedssek`
`akkedssek`cs.
cs.
Hävcmappcfckt
Hävcmappcfckt hc me Z&H 7
Skc pmus lrekhc praxdfdtä cktrc `bcr`bcurs hu fakhc e`ehäfdquc ct cktrcprdscs prdväcs
pcrfcttre ukc fcdmmcurc
fcdmmcurc oa`emdsetdak sur hhcs
cs pragcts `ak`
`ak`rcts
rcts sautckus per hcs dkhustrdcms ct uk
äqudmdjrc pmus eppraprdä cktrc rc`bcr`bc oakhefcktemc ct rc`bcr`bc eppmdquäc ardcktäc vcrs
hcs häjau`bäs `affcr`deux.
- :4
Mcs scrvd`cs pujmd`s ct mcur cood`e`dtä akt uk cooct dfpartekt sur me vdc ä`akafdquc ct
sa`demc î m—ä`bcmmc hu peys. Edksd, dm cst hc pmus ck pmus dfpartekt h—aoordr `cs scrvd`cs hc oeìak
dktälräc, trekspercktc ct sä`urdsäc, paur quc me sa`dätä fera`edkc sc treksoarfc
pralrcssdvcfckt
pralrcssdvcfckt ck sa`dätä hc m—dkoarfetdak, lrê`c eux XD ct `akoarfäfckt eux jcsadks ct
ettcktcs hcs `dtaycks ct hcs cktrcprdscs.
Eu Fera`, mcs häpckscs hu sc`tcur pujmd` rcpräscktckt ukc pert sdlkdod`etdvc hu juhlct hc
m—Ätet. Mc sc`tcur pujmd` räemdscre `crtcs hcs ledks h—cood`e`dtä ct h—cood`dck`c dfpartekts lrê`c
î me fdsc
fdsc ck Őuvrc hc scrvd`cs c-
c-lauvcrkcfckt per mc jdeds h—uk tredtcfckt sdfpmdodä ct
eutafetdsä hc m—dkoarfetdak.
m—dkoarfetdak.
Edksd, î tdtrc h—cxcfpmc, me hä`meretdak ods`emc sur Dktcrkct paur mcs cktrcprdscs pcrfcttre î
m—Ätet Fera`edk hc räemdscr hcs ledks hc prahu`tdvdtä
prahu`tdv dtä per ukc `ammc`tc sdfpmdodäc ct uk
tredtcfckt eutafetdsä hc m—dkoarfetdak. Ck `aktrcpertdc, cmmc pcrfcttre eux cktrcprckcurs hc
räemdscr uk ledk hc tcfps `aksdhärejmc, ck eyekt e``âs î hcs dkoarfetdaks prä rcfpmdcs ct ck
ätekt essdstäs heks mc pra`cssus hc hä`meretdak ck mdlkc.
e- Ajgc`tdos.
- 0>
`- Ardcktetdaks stretäldqucs
Odlurcs 5: 7 ^rdk`dpcs
stretäldqucs
- 05
:- Fdsc ck Őuvrc hcs scrvd`cs pujmd`s ardcktäs uselcrs7 Zeppra`bcr m—ehfdkdstretdak hcs
jcsadks hc m—uselcr
m—uselcr ck tcrfcs h—cood`e`dtä, hc quemdtä ct hc treksperck`c
treksperck`c î trevcrs uk efjdtdcux
efjdtdcux
pralreffc h—c-lauvcrkcfckt.
h—c-lauvcrkcfckt.
: fcsurcs h—e``afpelkcfckt
: fahemdtäs h—dfpmäfcktetdak
:- Emma`etdak hcs rcssaur`cs odkek`dârcs7 Essurcr ukc emma`etdak ehäquetc hcs rcssaur`cs
odkek`dârcs.
- 0:
Emars qucms sakt `cs sdlkeux 1 H'ejarh `cs sdlkeux häsdlkckt hcs ektä`ähckts hc
`akodek`c qud dkomuck`ckt mc `afpartcfckt h'e`bet ck oak`tdak hu oedt qu'dms sadckt mdäcs î
m'cktrcprdsc, eu `aksaffetcur, eu vckhcur, au î me rcmetdak cktrc e`bctcur ct vckhcur. Ak pcut
dhcktdodcr 8 sdlkeux hc me `akodek`c `ak`crkekt mc `afpartcfckt h'e`bet ct me `akodek`c
kufärdquc, `cs sdlkeux sakt7 Me tedmmc pcrìuc, me räputetdak pcrìuc, me quemdtä pcrìuc hu sdtc
wcj ct mcs stretäldcs hc sä`urdtä ct hc `akodhcktdemdtä.
Skc cktrcprdsc pcrìuc hc lrekhc tedmmc rckvadc uk sdlkem qu'cmmc cxdstc hcpuds makltcfps,
quc sak e`tdvdtä cst räussdc ct qu'cmmc hätdckt ukc jakkc cxpcrtdsc edksd quc hcs `aksaffetcurs
qud mud oakt `akodek`c. Heks m'ckvdrakkcfckt hu c-`affcr`c, me pcr`cptdak hc me tedmmc hc
m'cktrcprdsc `afptc jceu`aup pmus quc se tedmmc räcmmc. @cttc pcr`cptdak sc `akstrudtc sur me
jesc hcs dfprcssdaks ct hcs `ak`cptdaks hu `aksaffetcu
`aksaffetcurr ct cmmc rcpräscktc m'uk hcs sdlkeux
sdlkeux
2
CM Bereaud, D., (:>50). Mcs sdlkeux hc `akodek`c heks mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc qucms dkstrufckt hc
fcsurc
- 00
`cttc hcrkdârc.
- Me räputetdak pcrìuc 7
Me räputetdak cst `aksdhäräc `affc ukc fcsurc per mequcmmc mc `aksaffetcur pcrìadt mc
vckhcur `affc odejmc, bakkçtc ct hdlkc hc `akodek`c. Ck cooct `affc paur me tedmmc pcrìuc, mc
`aksaffetcur cstdfc qu'ukc cktrcprdsc eyekt ukc jakkc räputetdak k'e eu`uk dktärçt î eldr per
appartukdsfc. @cttc räputetdak cst uk `epdtem prä`dcux, cst `akstrudt î trevcrs uk dkvcstdsscur
h'cooarts ct hc faycks hc me pert hc m'cktrcprdsc. @c `epdtem qud sc `akstrudt î makl tcrfc, qud
hcfekhc hcs rcssaur`cs `aksdhärejmcs ct ukc ettcktdak pertd`umdârc î me lcstdak hcs rcmetdaks-
`mdckts kc pcut çtrc e`quds quc per ukc cktrcprdsc hdlkc hc `akodek`c. Eutrcfckt hdt, me
räputetdak gauc uk rømc prdfarhdem heks mc hävcmappcfckt hc me `akodek`c vds-î-vds uk sdtc wcj
fer`bekh. @'cst uk oe`tcur hä`dsdo eyekt uk dfpe`t sur me `akodek`c ct sur mc `afpartcfckt
h'e`bet hu `aksaffetcur ck mdlkc. Me räputetdak sc `akstrudt, sc lârc ct sc fedktdckt ct pcut sc
hätärdarcr repdhcfckt. @—cst uk dkhd`etcur hc me odejdmdtä hc m'cktrcprdsc pauvekt eldr sur mc
`afpartcfckt hu `aksaffetcur, eu fafckt aô dm vdsuemdsc mc sdtc wcj. @cme hdt, ak pcut
`aksdhärcr me räputetdak pcrìuc `affc uk sdlkem dffähdet
d ffähdet hc me `akodek`c.
Me Uuemdtä pcrìuc
pcrìuc hu sdtc wcj
- 08
sakt dkomuck`äs per mcs äfatdaks, m'etfaspbârc, mc häsdlkc ct h'eutrc ämäfckts cxpärdfcktäs
pckhekt m'dktcre`tdak evc` mc sdtc wcj. Ak pcut katcr quc `cs ämäfckts pcuvckt älemcfckt
evadr ukc dkomuck`c sur me pcr`cptdak
pcr`cptd ak hu `aksaffetcur `ak`crkekt m—c-`affcr`c.
m—c-`affcr`c. Pe`bekt
quc m'c-`affcr`c sc jesc sur ukc dktcroe`c e``cssdjmc î k'dfpartc qud ct k'dfpartc aô. Me
`ak`cptdak hu sdtc wcj cst älemcfckt ukc pbresc dfpartektc heks mc pra`cssus hu
hävcmappcfckt
hävcmappcfckt hc me `akodek`c ct heks m'ämejaretdak hc stretäldcs hc `rdjmelc ct hc odhämdsetdak
hcs `mdckts. ^er edmmcurs, mc sdtc wcj pcrfct hc oe`dmdtcr ct hc sdfpmdodcr mc `badx hu
`aksaffetcur, ck dktrahudsekt hcs rujrdqucs h'dkoarfetdaks ct hc `akscdms, heks uk `ehrc qud
hcvredt çtrc `akìu h'ukc fekdârc sdfpmc, repdhc, cood`e`c ct oe`dmc î utdmdscr.
@cs `ere`tärdstdqucs akt uk dfpe`t sur me hä`dsdak h'e`bet ct cmmcs sakt mcs pmus sammd`dtäs per
mc `aksaffetcur ck mdlkc. Ck räsufä, paur uk sdtc wcj hc quemdtä eyekt paur ajgc`tdo
h'dkspdrcr me `akodek`c, ak pcut prckhrc ck `aksdhäretdak mcs trads padkts dfpartekts7
- m'espc`t praocssdakkcm hu sdtc wcj7 s'ertd`umc eutaur h'ukc rähe`tdak `arrc`tc seks oeutc
h'artbalrepbc, hcs räoärck`cs cxe`tcs ct eppraprdäcs, hcs mdcks qud s'eood`bckt `arrc`tcfckt.
Heks m'c-`affcr`c mcs `aksaffetcurs akt jcsadk hc pcr`cvadr uk `crtedk `aktrømc sur mcs
dkoarfetdaks qu'dms oaurkdssckt, eodk hc sc scktdr `akodekt ct pra`ähcr edksd î m'e`bet ck mdlkc.
Heks `ct ckvdrakkcfckt ct per reppart î m'ckvdrakkcfckt trehdtdakkcm hu `affcr`c, mcs
`aksaffetcurs rcousckt
rcousckt au sakt sauvckt rätd`ckts
rätd`ckts î oaurkdr mcurs dkoarfetdaks pcrsakkcmmcs
pcrsakkcmmcs ct
odkek`dârcs.
Dms `aksdhârckt ct pcrìadvckt uk ckscfjmc hc rdsqucs passdjmcs qud paurredt çtrc jceu`aup
pmus pcsekt per reppart eux ledks qu'dms pcuvckt evadr sudtc î ukc trekse`tdak, `cttc pcr`cptdak
- 03
uk fekquc hc `aktrømc sur m'e``âs h'ukc tdcr`c pertdc î mcurs dkoarfetdaks pcrsakkcmmcs au
odkek`dârcs seks mcurs pcrfdssdaks. @cttc pcr`cptdak `ere`tärdsc mcur `afpartcfckt ct
dkomuck`c per `aksäquckt mcur vamaktä hc s'cklelcr heks ukc rcmetdak h'ä`beklc.
@ak`musdak
- 0?
Me hcuxdâfc pertdc ve partcr sur ukc ätuhc sur me tckhek`c hu c-`affcr`c eu Fera` î
trevcrs uk qucstdakkedrc, qud ve pcrfcttrc hc fdcux `akkedtrc mcs `afpartcfckts hcs
dktcrkeutcs, h'evadr ukc dhäc sur m'ävamutdak hu sc`tcur ct hc hä`cmcr qucms paurredckt çtrc scs
^crspc`tdos.
@affc vu heks me prcfdârc pertdc, mc Fera` hdspasc eugaurh'bud h'ukc dkorestru`turc `aksdhärejmc
mud pcrfcttekt h'emmcr madk heks mc hafedkc hc m'ä`akafdc kufärdquc. Mcs prcfdcrs räsumtets räemdsäs
heks `c hafedkc sakt ck`aurelcekts ct medssckt `radrc î uk evckdr fcdmmcur. Käekfadks, uk `crtedk
kafjrc hc orcdks pcrsdstckt ck`arc ct cfpç`bc uk vred hä`ammelc hu c-`affcr`c
c -`affcr`c heks katrc peys.
Mcs `aksaffetcurs `akkc`täs medssckt sauvckt hcrrdârc cux hcs tre`cs kufärdqucs hc mcurs
`afpartcfckts, mcurs präoärck`cs ct mcurs dktärçts.
@cttc ätuhc, präscktc ukc ekemysc fdkutdcusc sur mcs `afpartcfckts hcs ätuhdekts eyekt me
`ertc Fdkbety, mcurs bejdtuhcs
bejdtuhcs edksd quc mcs orcdks hu c-`
c-`affcr`c.
affcr`c. Cmmc pcrfcttrc h'evadr ukc
dhäc sur mc hclrä hc me `akodek`c hcs c-`aksaffetcur ct hc hä`cmcr qucms paurredckt çtrc scs
pcrspc`tdvcs..
pcrspc`tdvcs
- 0<
5- ^rajmäfetdquc 7
@affc vu heks me prcfdârc pertdc, mc Fera` hdspasc eugaurh'bud h'ukc dkorestru`turc `aksdhärejmc
mud pcrfcttekt h'emmcr madk heks mc hafedkc hc m'ä`akafdc kufärdquc. Mcs prcfdcrs räsumtets räemdsäs
heks `c hafedkc sakt ck`aurelcekts ct medssckt `radrc î uk evckdr fcdmmcur. Käekfadks, uk `crtedk
kafjrc hc orcdks pcrsdstckt ck`arc ct cfpç`bc uk vred hä`ammelc hu c-`affcr`c
c -`affcr`c heks katrc peys.
:- Fätbahamaldc hc m'ckquçtc 7
Mc qucstdakkedrc e ätä cooc`tuä ck oe`c î oe`c ct per dktcrkct î m'edhc hc Laalmc orafc, ck
orekìeds.
0- Ä`bektdmmakkelc 7
Me papumetdak `djmc hc m'ckquçtc sakt7 mcs `aksaffetcurs fera`edkcs eyekt ukc `ertc
Fdkbety pcrfcttrc î cux h—cooc`tucr hcs e`bets ck mdlkc heks hdooärckts vdmmcs, mcs baffcs
ct mcs ocffcs, eyekt uk êlc cktrc 52 î 03 ek, (ätuhdekts eyekt me `ertc fdkbety.) ct î hdooärckts
kdvceu h'ätuhc (5ârc ekkäc ukdvcrsdtedrc, :âfc ekkäc, …:âfc ekkäc festcr)
8- Mc qucstdakkedrc 7
8-
E trevcrs Mcs Uucstdaks U5, U:, U0, U8, U3 ct U? sakt hcs qucstdaks rckscdlkekt sur mc
scxc hu räpakhekt, sak êlc, sak kdvceu h—ätuhc.
h—ätuhc.
- 02
Mcs qucstdaks 58 ct 53 `c sakt hcs qucstdaks eux `badx fumtdpmcs vdsekt `cux qud k'akt pes
cooc`tuä hcs trekse`tdaks ck mdlkc. Cmmcs akt paur va`etdak hc hätcrfdkcr mcs hdooärcktcs
redsaks paur mcsqucmmcs `cs `aksaffetcurs k'akt gefeds cooc`tuä h'e`bets vde Dktcrkct, ct sd `cs
`aksaffetcurs sakt prçts î m'evckdr h'e`bctcr hcs prahudts au scrvd`cs sur Dktcrkct.
Mcs qucstdaks 5?,5< ct 52. _dsckt î hätcrfdkcr me hetc hc 5cr e`bet, oräquck`c
oräquck` c h—e`bet ck
mdlkc ct mc faktekt häpcksä per fads.
Mcs qucstdaks 54, :>, :5 ct :: sur mcs faycks hc pedcfckts, typcs hc supparts, sdtc
h—e`bet ct mc lckrc hc pprahudt
rahudt au scrvd`c e`bctä.
e`bctä.
Mcs qucstdaks :0, :8 ct :3 Heks `cs qucstdaks eux `badx fumtdpmcs paur sevadr mcs
evektelcs,, mcs dk`akväkdckts ct me odhämdtä hcs `yjcr`aksaffetcurs
evektelcs `yjcr`aksaffetcurs eu Fe
Fera`.
ra`.
- 04
Hc kas gaurs, m'evckdr hu `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc rcpasc cktrc mcs fedks hcs dktcrkeutcs.
^rcssäs h'e`bctcr ck mdlkc uk prahudt, hc `afpercr mcs prdx au ck`arc hc `räcr mcur jautdquc ck
mdlkc. Mcs `aksaffetcurs `akkc`täs medssckt sauvckt hcrrdârc cux hcs tre`cs kufärdqucs hc
mcurs `afpartcfckts, mcurs präoärck`cs ct mcurs dktärçts.
@cttc ätuhc, präscktc ukc ekemysc fdkutdcusc sur mcs `afpartcfckts hcs dktcrkeutcs, mcurs
bejdtuhcs edksd quc
quc mcs orcdks hu c-`affcr`c. Cmmc pc
pcrfcttrc
rfcttrc h'evadr ukc dhäc sur mc hclrä hc
me `akodek`c hcs c-`aksaffetcur ct hc hä`cmcr qucms paurredckt çtrc scs pcrspc`tdvcs.
Me papumetdak `djmc hc m'ckquçtc sakt7 mcs ätuhdekts fera`edks (ätuhdekts eyekt me `ertc
fdkbety) heks hdooärckts vdmmc, mcs baffcs ct mcs ocffcs hc hdooärckt trek`bc h'êlc "hc 52 î
8> eks", ätuhdek
ätuhdekts
ts räemdsckt hcs trekse`tdaks vde m—dktcrkct ct hdooärckts
ct hdooärckts kdvceu h'ätuhc hc me
prcfdârc ekkäc ukdvcrsdtedrc gusqu—î :cfc ekkäc fe
festcr.
stcr.
M'ckquçtc e ätä `akhudtc paur me prcfdârc oads, eu `aurs hu fads Fed :>54.
Mcs hakkäcs hc `cttc ckquçtc e ätä tredtä per hcs tejmceux î pmet
5-Dkoarfetdak pcrsakkcmmc
5. Pcxc
PDRC - Ctcs-vaus 1
Kj % ` dt.
ocffc 00 8<,5% 8<,5%
3:,4%
baffc 0< 3:,4%
Xat em <> 5>>,>%
8<,5% hcs pcrsakkcs dktcrraläs sakt hcs ocffcs, tekhds quc 3:,4%sakt hcs baffcs.
- 8>
:-Elc.
Kj % ` dt.
%
52-:3eks 80 ?5,8% 8
, %
5 0
? ,
:3-0>eks :8 08,0% 8 %
0 0
,
0>-8>eks 0 8,0% 8
?5,8% hcs pcrsakkcs ckquçtäs akt uk êlc `afprds cktrc 52 ct :3 eks 08,0% akt uk êlc
cktrc :3 ct 0> eks.8, 0% cktrc 0> ct 8>% eks.
0- Kdvceu h—ätuhc.
KD_CES
KD_CES - Uucm cst v
vatrc
atrc kd vceu h'ekkäc Skdvcr sdtedr c 1
Kj % ` dt.
5ârc Ekkäc 5? ::,4% % %
% <
, <
,
4
,
:âfc Ekkäc 52 :3,<% : :
3 :
3 %
: , %
0
0âfc ekkäc 52 :3,<% 8 8
,
5 5
5
5ârc ekkäc festcr 5> 58,0%
:âfc ekkäc festcr 2 55,8%
Xatem <> 5>>,>%
::,4% hcs ätuhdekts qucstdakkä akt uk kdvceu h'ätuhc 5ârc ekkäc ukdvcrsdtedrc. :3,<% akt uk
kdvceu hc :âfc ekkäc.
ekkäc. :3,<% uk kdvceu hc 0âfc ekkäc
ekkäc ukdvcrsdtedrc. 58,0% ak
aktt uk kdvceu hc
5ârc ekkäc festcr. 55,8% akt uk kdvceu hc :fc ekkäc festcr.
8-Zcssaur`c.
ZCPPASZ@C - Uucmmc cst me saur`c hc vatrc rcvcku1
Kj % ` dt.
perckts 03 05,3% %
:
,
% 0
jaursc h'ätuhc 34 30,:% 3
, 3 %
5 0
,
0 3 %
trevedm 5< 53,0% 5 >
,
>
eutrc > >,>%
Xat em 555 5>>,>%
05,3% hcs ätuhdekts akt ukc saur`c hc rcvcku per mcs perckts, 30,:% hcs ätuhdekts per
jaursc h—ätuhc 53.0% per treve
trevedm,
dm,
- 85
3-Zcvcku.
ZC_CKS - Au sdtucrcz-vaus vatrc r cvcku fcksucm 1
Kj % ` dt.
fadks hc ?>> HB 5> 58,0% %
8
, %
cktrc ?>> ct 4>> HB :: 05,8% 5 <
,
% 0 3 % %
<
0
, : 4 ,
4>> cktrc 5:>> ct 53>> HB 52 :3,<% 8 , 3
5 : 5
5
cktrc 53>> ct :>>> HB 4 5:,4%
+ hc :>>> HB 55 53,<%
Xatem <> 5>>,>%
58,0% hcs ätuhdekts tau`bckt uk rcvcku fcksucm hc fadks hc ?>> HB. 05,8% hcs
ätuhdekts tau`bckt uk rcvcku cktrc ?>> ct 4>> HB, :3,8% tau`bckt uk rcvcku cktrc 4>> ct
5:>> HB, 5:,4% hcs ätuhdekts cktrc 53>> ct :>>> HB, 53,<% hcs ätuhdekts akt + hc :>>>
HB.
?-vdmmc
_DMMC - Uucmm
Uucmmc
c c st vatrc vdmmc
vdmmc hc räs dhck`c1
Kj % ` dt.
jckd fcmmem 52 :3,<% :3,<%
- 8:
:-Sselc h—Dktcrkct
:-Sselc
<-Dktcrkct.
Kj % ` dt. 5,8%
aud ?4 42,?%
kak 5 5,8%
@c lrepbdquc dkhdquc quc me fegardtä hcs ckquçtäs akt uk e``âs dktcrkct, ckvdrak 42,?%
utdmdsckt m'dktcrkct
2-Puppart.
Kj % ` dt.
Pfertpbakc ?< ?:,>% ?:,>%
arhdketcur
arhdketcur o dxc 3 8,?% 8,?%
4-Mdcu.
Kj % ` dt.
`bcz vaus ?? ?0,3% %
3
,
heks
heks uk `yjcr-`eo ä 53 58,8% 0
?
î m'ukdvcrsdtä 53 58,8% % %
, 8
8 ,
8 8 %
sur vatrc jurceu hc trevedm 2 <,<% , %
5 5 <
< >
,
>
heks uk mdcu h'e``âs pujmdquc > >,>%
Xatem 5>8 5>
5>>,>%
- 80
?0,3% utdmdsckt m—dktcrkct `bcz mud, 58,8% heks uk `yjcr -`eoä ct î m—ukdvcrsdtä, <,<% heks mcur
trevedm.
5>-Hafedkc h—uselc.
HAFEDKC - Uucm uselc evcz-vaus oedt h'dktcrkct eu `aurs h u hcrkd cr fads
Kj % ` dt.
`aksumtcr mc ` aurrdcr ämc`trakdquc :> 5:,<% 5:,<%
pertd`dpcr
pertd`dpcr î hcs sdtcs hc räs ceux sa` deux tcm quc O
Oe`cjaai,
e`cjaai, F
FyPpe`c
yPpe`c :0 58,?% 58,?%
rc`bcr`bc h'dkoarf
h'dkoarfetdak
etdak :0 58,?% 58,?%
`aksumtetdak
`aksumtetdak au räemdscr
räemdscr hcs apäretdaks jek`edrcs ? 0,2% 0,2%
`aksumtetdak
`aksumtetdak hc `etemaluc hc prahudt
prahudts
s au hcs scr vd`cs 50 2,:% 2,:%
@c hdelreffc räpakhs eu qucstdak "qucms uselcs kas dktcrralcs oakt dms m'dktcrkct"
5:,4% hcs ätuhdekts qud `aksumtckt mc `aurrdcr ämc`trakdquc, 54% paur `betcr, 58,?% paur
pertd`dpcr î hcs sdtcs hc räsceux sa`deux, 4,3% paur me rc`bcr`bc hcs dkoarfetdaks,4,3%
paur m—dkoarfetdak `umtu
`umturcmmcs,
rcmmcs, 0,2% `aksumtetdak hcs apäretdaks jek`edrcs, 2,:% paur mcs
`etemalucs hc prahudts au scrvd`cs, 3,<% paur cooc`tucr hcs apäretdaks h—e`bets hcs
prahudts au scrvd`cs, ?,0% paur hcs häfer`bcs ehfdkdstretdvcs au ods`emcs, 3,<% paur
tämä`berlcr hcs mald`dcms.
C-`affcr`c
0- C-`affcr`c
55- ^ra`cssdak.
^A@CPPDAK
^A@CPPDAK - Evcz-vaus
Evcz-vaus uk `ertc j ek`edrc qud vaus
pcrfct h'e`bctcr ck mdlkc 1
Kj % ` dt. 5,8%
aud ?2 42,?%
kak 5 5,8%
Xat em ?4 5>>,>% 42,?%
Me fegardtä hcs ätuhdekts akt uk `ertc jek`edrc (42.?%) per `aktrc 5,8% k—akt pes.
pes.
- 88
5:-Xypc.
Kj % ` dt.
`ertc vdse 0: 00,>% 5,>%
?,:%
`ertc Fdkbety 32 34,2% 00,>%
festcr `erh ? ?,:%
eutrc 5 5,>% 34,2%
Xat em 4< 5>>,>%
E pertdr hc `c tejmceu ak `akstetc quc 00% hcs ätuhdekts utdmdsckt me `ertc vdse, 34,2% utdmdsckt me
`ertc Fdkbety,
Fdkbety, ?.:% utdmdsckt Festcr`erh, 5% utdmdsckt h—eutrcs `ertcs.
`ertcs.
50-Ek`dckkctä.
EK@D EKKD XC - Evcz-vau s hägî cooc`tuä hcs e`bets hc prahu dts au scrvd `cs per dktcr kct
Kj % ` dt.
05,8%
aud(pesscz î me qucstdak k¾ 5?) 82 ?2,?%
kak (pesscz eux qucstdaks k¾ 58ct53) :: 05,8%
?2,?%
Xat em <> 5>>,>%
H—eprâs mcs räsumtets erjdtrcs sur `c tejmceu ak `akstetc quc ?2,?% hcs ätuhdekts akt hägî cooc`tucr
hcs e`bets sur dktcrkct ct 05,8% kc sakt pes mc `es.
58-Zedsak.
ZEDPAK - ^aur qucmmcs redsaks k'evcz-vaus gefeds cooc`tuä h'e`bet vde m'dktcrkct 1( vaus pauvcz `a`bcr pmusdcurs räpakscs)
Kj % ` dt.
gc k'ed
k'ed pes hc `afptc
`afptc jek`edrc : <,8%
%
>
,
gc k'ed
k'ed pes hc `akkcxdak
`akkcxdak Dktcrkct
Dktcrkct 0 55,5% <
% 0
4
,
me räemdsetdak
räemdsetdak hcs e`bets ck mdl
mdlkc
kc k'cst pes s ä`urdsä < :3,4% 3 %
3
% : 2 ,
5
, 5
g'ed uk prajmâf
prajmâfc
c hc me
mekluc
kluc 3 52,3% % 5
8
<
, 5 %
>
Gc oeds `akodek`c ukdqucfckt eux oaurkdsscurs präsckts eussd ck felesdk 5> 0<,>% ,
>
eutrc > >,>%
Xat em :< 5>>,>%
E pertdr hc `c hdelreffc trads redsaks prdk`dpemcs sakt ävaquäcs paur cxpmdqucr mc `badx
"kc pes cooc`tucr h'e`bets ck mdlkc". mc fekquc hc `akodek`c, 0<,%.mc jcsadk hc vadr, hc tcstcr
au h'csseycr
h'csseycr mc prahudt evekt m'e`be
m'e`bett cst `dtä per hcux tdcrs dms kaus hdsckt ( gc prä
präoârc
oârc e`bctcr
eu felesdk ) . :3,4% pcksckt quc m—c-
m—c -`affcr`c k—cst pes sä`urdsä ct 52,3% î hcs prajmâfcs
hc mekluc.
- 83
53-^assdjdmdtä.
^APPDJDMDXC - E m'evckdr, scrdcz-vaus prçts î e`bctcr hcs prahudts ct/au scrvd`cs sur
Dktcrkct 1
Kj % ` dt.
trâs passdjm
pass djmc
c : 55,5% %
8
,
jdck passdjmc 2 88,8% 8
8 %
:
,
k'cst pes redsakkejmcfckt dkpassdjmc 8 ::,:% 5
%
, , %
: %
: 5 5
,
5 5 5
redsakkejmcfckt dfpassdjmc : 55,5% 5 5 5
str
strd`tcfckt
d`tcfckt df
dfpass
passdjmc
djmc : 55,5%
Xatem 52 5>>,>%
5?- Hetc.
HE
HEXC
XC - E quekh r cfaktc vatrc 5cr e`bet sur dktcr kct1
Kj % ` dt.
hc 5 î ? fads 2 5?,<% %
5
, %
4 %
? fads î 5 ek 50 :<,5% % <
,
: : % 2
,
<
, : 3 >
5 î : eks 55 ::,4% ? , :
5 :
5
: î 0 eks ? 5:,3%
pmus hc 0 eks 5> :>,2%
Xatem 82 5>>,>%
5?,<% hcs pcrsakkcs akt cooc`tuä mcur 5cr e`bet heks 5 î ? fads, :<,5% m'akt cooc`tuä
hcpuds ? fads î 5 ek, ::,4% hc pcrsakkcs m'akt cooc`tuä cktrc 5 ct : eks 5:,3% m'akt
m'akt cooc`tuä
: eks î 0 eks :>,2% m'akt cooc`tuä hc pmus 0 eks.
5<- Oräquck`c
OZCUSEK@C
OZCUSEK@C - K afjrc h'e`bet ck mdlk c cooc
cooc`tuäs
`tuäs sur mcs 5:
hcrkdcrs fads1
Kj % ` dt.
5 î : oads 54 8>, 8% %
% 2
,
8
, ?
0 î 3 oads :: 8?, 2% > 8
8 %
?
,
? î 5> oads 3 5>, ?% > %
5 5
,
:
pmus hc 5> oads 5 : ,5 %
X a t em 8< 5>>, >%
- 8?
52-Häpcksc.
Kj % ` dt.
hc > î 5>> HZB 8 2,<% % %
3
, 0
,
0 5
hc 5>> î :>> HZB :> 80,3% 8 8
% %
hc :>> î 3>> HZB 54 85,0% <
, 3
,
2 ?
pmus hc 3>> HZB 0 ?,3%
X a t em 8? 5>>,>%
80,3% hcs ätuhdekts häpcksckt hc 5>> î :>> HB, 85,0% häpcksckt hc :>> î 3>> HB,
2,<% häpcksckt häpckscktt pmus hc 3>> HB.
häpcksckt hc > î 5>> HB, ?,3% häpcksck
54-Fayck.
FATCK - E
Evc`
vc` qucm fayck h c pedcfckt evcz-vaus rälm ä vatrc oe`turc1( vaus pauvcz `a`b cr ukc a u
pmusdcurs r cpckscs)
cpckscs)
Kj % ` dt.
per pedcfckt ck mdlkc evc` ukc `ertc jek`edrc 03 04,0% %
0
,
4 % %
au `cmmc h'ukc eutrc pcrsakkc 2 4,>% 0 5
, ?
2 ,
% : 0
:
per `ertc präpeyäc :3 :2,5% >
,
4
eu `afptekt î me mdvredsak :5 :0,?%
Xatem 24 5>>,>%
Kj % ` dt.
arhdketcur
arhdketcur pcrsakkcm :: :2,4% %
0
,
% 5
arhdketcur
arhdketcur eu trevedm < 4,:% 4
, 3
2 % %
: : 3
,
Pfertpbakc 04 35,0% , >
4 5
tejmcttc 2 5>,3%
- 8<
:2,4% hcs ätuhdekts ckquçtäs utdmdsckt m'arhdketcur pcrsakkcm `affc suppart paur
cooc`tucr mcurs e`bets .35, 0% utdmdsckt Pfertpbakc. 4,:% utdmdsckt m'arhdketcur hu trevedm.
5>,3% utdmdsckt me tejmcttc.
Kj % `dt.
sdtc hc hcem ( FTZHEM,
FTZHEM, FDPEX..) :? :0,4%
sdtc hc felesdk präs
präscktc
cktc ukdqucfckt ck mdlkc ( IET FS,
FS, GSMD
GSMDE,
E, FE^
FE^EZC
EZC @DX
@DXTFEMM,
TFEMM, MEZAPC
M EZAPC..)
..) :3 ::,4% % % %
2
4
, 4 ,
, 8
0 :
: : :
sdtc hc prahudts h'a``esdak (E _DX
_DXA)
A) :< :8,2%
sdtc h'ck`bârcs ( Fera`-ck`bârc, Xap`md` ) 8 0,<% % %
:
, :
, %
sdtc hc `afperetcur hc prdx (`afjdck.fe) 5> 4,:% % 4 4 8 ,
<
, ?
0
sdtc h'cktrcprdscs präscktcs ck felesdk
felesdk ct ck mdlkc ( o rek`, Mäe,..) 5> 4,:%
sdtc ätreklcrs < ?,8%
Xatem 5>4 5>>,>%
:0% hcs ätuhdekts dktcrraläs utdmdsckt hcs sdtcs hc hcem (Bfdzet..). ::,4% utdmdsckt hcs
Pdtcs hc felesdks präsckts ukdqucfckt ck mdlkc (ieyfu, gufde..). ?,8% utdmdsckt hcs sdtcs
ätreklcrs. :0,8%, utdmdsckt h—eutrcs
h—eutrcs sdtcs, :8,2% hcs utdmdsetcurs hcs sdtcs hc prahudts
h'a``esdak (evdta). 4,:% oakt eppcm î hcs sdtcs h'cktrcprdsc präscktcs ck felesdk ct ck mdlkc
(dice).
Kj % ` dt.
hcs pr ahudts `as fätdqucs 5? 58,0% 58,0%
hcs räscrvetdaks h'bøtcm au hcs ma`etdaks paur mcs ve`ek`cs ? 3,8% 3,8%
hcs eppercdms
eppercdms ämc`trafäkelcrs
ämc`trafäkelcrs 3 8,3% 8,3%
pedcfckt
pedcfckt hc o e`turc ( tämäpbakc , ceu , ämc`trd`dtä ...) 5 >,4% >,4%
- 82
5?,5% hcs pcrsakkcs akt cooc`tuä mcurs e`bets sur mcs sdtcs hcs vçtcfckts. ?,0% mcs sdtcs
hcs jdmmcts hc tredk au h'evdak. 58,0% sur mcs sdtcs hcs prahudts `asfätdqucs. 3,8% hcs sdtcs hc
räscrvetdaks h'bøtcm au hcs ma`etdaks paur mcs ve`ek`cs. 58,0% mcs sdtcs hcs scrvd`cs î me
pcrsakkc. >,4% pedcfckt hc oe`turc (ceu ämc`trd`dtä). 52,2% mcs sdtcs hu fetärdcm au prahudts
dkoarfetdqucs. 53,4% mcs sdtcs hcs scrvd`cs hc madsdrs.8,3% mcs sdtcs hcs eppercdms.
Ämc`trafäkelcrs mc fçfc paur`cktelc paur mcs sdtcs hc pedcfckt hc me vdlkcttc. 5>,:% k'akt
gefeds e`bctä. 5>,?% hcs mdvrcs hcs hdsqucs hvh. <,3% hcs prahudts bdlb-tc`b. 3,2% mcs
fcujmcs.
Kj % ` dt.
m'e`bet per dktcrkct rcpr äscktc uk ledk hc tcf
tcfps
ps 00 :0,<%
m'e`bet per dktcrkct f'ävdtc
f'ävdtc hcs häpme`cfckt
häpme`cfckt :? 52,<% %
<
,
m'e`bet per dktcrkct fc
fc pcrfct hc o edrc hu s bappdkl î k'dfpartc
k'dfpartc qucmmc bcurc :> 58,8% 0 %
: <
,
m'e`bet per dktcrkct oe`dmdtc me `afperedsak hcs aoorcs 58 5>,5% 2
5 %
8
, %
8 % 4
,
oe` dmdttc
c me `afperedsak hcs pr dx 52 5:,4% 5 5
, :
> 5 % %
5 :
pcrfct hc jäkäod`dcr hc prdx pmus ev ektelcux ct hc prafatdaks 5> <,:% , 3
, %
< ? % 0
,
:
, 8
gc trauvc per dktcrkct hcs kauvceux typcs hc prahudts ct scr vd`cs dkkavekts 4 ?,3% :
dm y e pmus hc ` badx sur dktcrkct qu'ck felesdk
felesdk 0 :,:%
mc `etemaluc hcs prahudts ck mdlkc cst ettre` tdo ? 8,0%
X a t em 504 5>>,>%
Heks `c tejmceu ak trauvc `affc eoodrfetdak quc :0,<% hcs ätuhdekts pcksckt quc
m—e`bet ck mdlkc rcpräscktc uk ledk hc tcfps, 52,<% trauvckt quc m—e`bet per dktcrkct ävdtc mcs
häpme`cfckts, 58,8%
58,8% hdsckt m—e`bet per dktcrkc
dktcrkctt pcrfct hc oedrc mc sbappdkl k—dfpartc qucm
fafckt, 5>,5% pcksckt qu—cmmc oe`dmdtc me `afperedsak hcs prdx, <,:% pcrfct hc jäkäod`dcr hc
prdx pmusdkkavekts,
scrvd`cs evektelcu
evektelcux,x, ?,3%
:,:% trauvckt
trauvckt qu—dmquc
y eper
pmusdktcrkct
hc `badxaksur
trauvc mcs qu—ck
dktcrkct kauvceux prahudts
felesdk, ct
8,0%
trauvckt quc mc `etemaluc hu prahudts ck mdlkc cst ettre`tdo.
- 84
Kj % ` dt.
prajmâfc heks m'apäretdak hc pedcfckt 5< :0,>%
%
mc prahudt kc `arr cspakhedt
cspakhedt pes :3 00,2% 2
,
0
% 0
Xrafpcrdc hc me pert hu fer`bekh 5> 50,3% >
0
, % %
?
,
: 3
rcterh hc me mdvredsak 8 3,8% , <
0 5
5 % %
2
quemdtä
quemdtä hc scrv d`c 3 ?,2% 8
, , %
3 ? >
,
rcterh
rcter h au kak rcfjaurs
rcfjaurscf
cfckt
ckt hcs prahudts 50 5<,?% >
@AKXDKSXC
@AKXDKSXC - E m'evckdr evcz-vaus m'dktcktdak h c `aktdkucr h'e`bctcr
h'e`bctcr hcs pra hudts ct / au
scrvd`cs sur dktcrkct 1
Kj % ` dt.
trâs passdjmc :5 8:,>% %
>
, %
jdck passdjmc 5< 08,>% : >
,
8 8
0 %
>
k'cst pes redsakkejmcfckt dkpassdjmc 2 5?,>% ,
? %
5 > %
redsakkejmcfckt dfpassdjmc 0 ?,>% , >
,
? :
strd`tcfckt dfpassdjmc 5 :,>%
Xatem 3> 5>>,>%
8:,% hcs pcrsakkcs dktcrraläs eoodrfckt qu'dm cst trâs passdjmc hc `aktdkucr
h'e`bctcr hcs prahudts ct au scrvd`cs ck mdlkc. Xekhds quc 08% jdck passdjmc hc
`aktdkucr m'e`bet ck mdlkc m'evckdr .emars quc 5?% k'akt pes redsakkejmcfckt
dfpassdjmc hc `aktdkucr m'e`bet ck mdlkc. Ct ?% sakt redsakkejmcfckt dfpassdjmc,
ckodk :>% sakt strd`tcfckt dfpassdjmc hc `aktdkucr h—e`bctä ck mdlkc.
mdlkc.
8- @ak`musdak ct rc`affekhetdak
- 3>
Me `redktc hc hakkcr mcurs dkoarfetdaks pcrsakkcmmcs sur dktcrkct (cx7 kufära hc `ertc
jek`edrc).
^er `aksäquckt
`aksäquckt ak pcut prapascr qu
qucmqucs
cmqucs rc`affekh
rc`affekhetdaks
etdaks paur jêtdr me `akodek`c
`akodek`c hcs c-
`aksaffetcurs.
- 35
@ak`musdak läkäremc
@cttc ätuhc, präscktc ukc ekemysc fdkutdcusc sur mcs `afpartcfckts hcs dktcrkeutcs, mcurs
- 3:
`'cst paur `cme `crtedks tcxtcs gurdhdquc akt ätä ämejarä paur pratälcr mcs c-`aksaffetcurs tcm
quc me mad 05->2.
Odkemcfckt ak pcut hdrc quc mc c-`affcr`c e uk evckdr jrdmmekt eu Fera` `affc dm pcut
rcfpme`cr mc `affcr`c trehdtdakkcm î me outurc.
- 30
JDJMDALZE^BDC
Pdttc wcj 7
Pd
Auv
Auvrr el cs 7
- 38
PAFF
PAF F E D Z C ...............................................
............... ................................................................
..............................................
.............. :
H ähd `e`cs..........................................................................
s.......................................... .........................................................
......................... 0
M d st
stc
c hcs ej
ejr ävd etd aks..........
..... ..........
..........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
..........
...........
...........
........
... 8
D K XZ AHS@XD
AHS@ XD AK ..............
......................
...............
...............
...............
..............
...............
...............
..............
...............
...............
....... 3
^ertdc pr
pr cfd âr c7 per td c tbä
tbäa
ar d quc..........
..... ..........
..........
...........
...........
..........
...........
...........
...........
...........
........
... 2
@ be
bep
pd tr c D 7 vd sd
sdaak lma
l maj
jemc sur mc `af
`affcr `c ämc
mc`t
`trr akdq
kd quc.................................................... 2
Pc`tdak 5 7..........................................................................................................
`radssek`c Mc `affcr`c ämc`trakdquc, häodkdtdak, bdstardquc b dstardquc ct se 4
5) Häodkdtdaks hc m'c-`affcr`c .......................................................................................................
....................................................................................................... 4
:) BDPXAZDUSC HC C-@AFFCZ@C.........................................Crrcur ! Pdlkct kak häodkd.
@ bepd
bepd trc
tr c :7 M c `af
`affcr `c ämc`t
mc`trr akdq
akdquc eu
eu Fe
F er a`
Crrcur ! Pdlkct kak
häodkd.
5) Dkorestru`turc hu c-`affcr`c eu Fera` 7 ...................................................................
.................................................................................
.............. 52
:) M'evek`äc hc m'c-`affcr`c eu Fera` ................................................................................
...................................................................................
... ::
0) stretäldc Fera` kufärdquc ........................................................................................................
....................................................................................................... :<
H cuxdâ
uxd âfc per td c7 per td c pr etd quc......
... ......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....... 0?
0?
@bepdtrc 57 ^räscktetdak hu qucstdakkedrc .....................................................................................
.................................................................................... 02
5- ^rajmäfetdquc 7 .........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................... 02
- 33
8. Mc qucstdakkedrc 7 ......................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................... 02
3- Ekkcxc.......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... 04
@ bep
bepd tr c : 7 E kemy
kemysc
sc hc m'c
m' ckquç
kquçttc ......
... ......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..... 8>
5-Dkoarfetdak pcrsakkcmmc ..........................................................
..........................................................................................................
................................................ 8>
:-Sselc h—Dktcrkct ...........................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
.............. 80
0- C-`affcr`c ..........................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
... 88
8- @ak`musdak ct rc`affekhetdak .................................................................................................
................................................................................................ 3>
@ak`musdak läkäremc ......................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................... 3:
JDJMDALCCZE^BD ......................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................... 30
- 3?
3-EKKCRC
@AFFCZ@C CMC@XZAKDUSC
USCPXDAKKEDZC
DKOAZFEXDAK ^CZPAKKCMMC
5. Ctcs-vaus 1
5.ocffc :.b a ffc
8. Uucmmc cs t me s aur`c hc v
vatrc
atrc rcvck
rcvcku1
u1
5.p erck ts :.j a u rs c h 'ätu h c
0.trev edm 8.eu trc
?. Uucmmc cs t vatrc
vatrc v
vdmmc
dmmc hc räs dhck
dhck`c1
`c1
SPELC H'DKXCZKCX
<. Evcz-vaus ukc `akkcxdak dktcrkct
5.a u d :.k a k
C-@AFFCZ@C
55. Evcz-vaus uk `ertc jek`edrc qud vaus pcrfct h'e`bctcr ck mdlkc 1
5.a u d :.k a k
- 3<
@AFFCZ@C CMC@XZAKDUSC
USCPXDAKKEDZC
50. Evcz-vaus hägî cooc`tuä hcs e`bets hc prahudts au scrvd`cs per dktcrkct
5.a u d(p es s cz î me q u cs tda k k ¾ 5?) :.k a k (p es s cz eu x q u cs tda k s k ¾ 58ct53)
58. ^aur qucmmcs redsaks k'evcz-vaus gefeds cooc`tuä h'e`bet vde m'dktcrkct 1( vaus pauvcz `a`bcr pmusdcurs räpakscs)
53. E m'ev
m'evckdr,
ckdr, s crdcz-va
crdcz-vaus
us prçts î e`bctcr h
hcs
cs prah
rahudts
udts ct/au scrvd`cs sur Dktcrkct
Dktcrkct 1
5.trâs p a s s dj mc :.j dck p a s s dj mc
0.k 'cs t p es reds a k k ej mcfck t dk p a s s dj mc 8.reds a k k ej mcfck t dfp a s s dj mc
3.strd`tcfckt
3.strd`tcfckt df
dfpas
pas sdjmc
5? . E q
quekh
uekh rcfaktc v
vatrc
atrc 5cr e`bet sur dktcrkct1
dktcr kct1
5.h c 5 î ? fa ds :.? fa ds î 5 ek
0.5 î : ek s 8.: î 0 ek s
3.pm
3.pmus
us hc 0 eks
5<. Kafjrc
Kafjrc h'e
h'e`bet
`bet ck mdlkc cooc`tuäs s ur mcs 5: hcrkdcrs fads
fads 1
5.5 î : oa ds :.0 î 3 oa ds
54. Evc` qucm fayck hc pedcfckt evcz-vaus rälmä vatrc oe`turc1( vaus pauvcz `a`bcr ukc au pmusdcurs rcpckscs)
5.p er p edcfck t ck mdl k c ev c` u k c `ertc j ek `edrc :.a u `cmmc h 'u k c eu t rc p crs a k k c
0.p er `ertc p räp ey äc 8.eu `a fp tek t î me mdv reds a k
- 32
@AFFCZ@C CMC@XZAKDUSC
USCPXDAKKEDZC
4.mc
4.mc `etemaluc hcs prahudts ck md
mdlkc
lkc cs t ettre`tdo
:8. Evcz-vaus vä`u ukc feuvedsc cxpärdck`c evc` ukc apäretdak h'e`bet ck mdlkc sur uk sdtc wcj fera`edk1
5.p ra j mâfc h ek s m'a p äret da k h c p edcfck t :.mc p ra h u dt k c `a rrcs p a k h edt p es
0.Xra fp crdc h c me p ert h u fer`b ek h 8.rct erh h c me mdv reds a k
3.q u emdtä h c s crv d`c ?.rct erh a u k a k rcfj a u rs cfck t h cs p ra h u dts
<.eutrc
:3. E m'evckdr evcz-vaus m'dktcktdak hc `aktdkucr h'e`bctcr hcs prahudts ct / au scrvd`cs sur dktcrkct 1
5.trâs p a s s dj mc :.j dck p a s s dj mc
0.k 'cs t p es reds a k k ej mcfck t dk p a s s dj mc 8.reds a k k ej mcfck t dfp a s s dj mc
3.strd`tcfckt
3.strd`tcfckt df
dfpas
pas sdjmc
- 34