Христорождественская Л.П. - Фразовые глаголы в разговорном английском - 2012 PDF

811.111(075.
8)
81.2-923
93
2012
, . .
, , . -
-
. .
, . .
= Phrasal Verbs
in Spoken English : / . . .
: , 2012. 272 . (Modern English).
ISBN 978-985-536-324-9.

.
,
.
( -
, ).
, , , -
,
.
811.111(075.8)
81.2-923

Phrasal Verbs in Spoken English
. .
. .
. .
12.06.2012. 6084
1
/
16
.
. . . . . 15,81. .-. . 10,8.
2000 .
- .
02330/0494056 03.02.2009. . , 9, 220014, . .
. 219-74-01; e-mail: rtsminsk@mail.ru; http://www.ts.by.
.
02330/0494179 03.04.2009. . , 79, 220013, . .
ISBN 978-985-536-324-9 . ., 2012
. , 2012
93
................................................................................... 4
ADVERBS ..................................................................................... 7
PHRASAL (MULTI
-
WORD) VERBS .......................................... 22
MIXED COMBINATIONS ........................................................... 119
PHRASAL VERBS IN TOPICS .................................................. 156
Topic: Shopping .................................................................. 156
Topic: Food ......................................................................... 161
Topic: Holidays. Travelling .................................................. 164
Topic: Travelling. Traff ic ..................................................... 172
Topic: Hotel ......................................................................... 184
Topic: Flat ........................................................................... 187
Topic: Appearance. Character .......................................... 199
Topic: Feelings .................................................................... 205
Topic: People ...................................................................... 208
Topic: Family .......................................................................214
Topic: Jobs and Work ......................................................... 233
Topic: Medical Matters ...................................................... 240
Topic: Education ................................................................. 246
Topic: News ........................................................................ 253
Topic: Telephoning ............................................................. 258
Topic: Money. At the Bank ............................................... 263
.................. 272
4
?
. -
, -
, -
- (
: to go, to
get, to put .), (up, down, out .)
(, -
). ( ) -
.

, :
to come back (to come , back ,
)
to go away (to go , away )
to go down (to go , down )
-
:
to make out (to make , out )
to put out (to put , out )
to give in , (to give , in )
, ,
: I get up at 7 oclock. (-
) She took me in. ( -
). -
( ) ,
(
) . : I get up [ ]. I get
someone up [ -].

, -
. -
,
: She took me in [ ].
, -
5
,
: They took in a lot of people [ -
]. They took a lot of people in.
-
come, go, break, put .
, -
.
, -
. -
to make up.
Make up 1. , ( -
, , . .); 2. ; ; ;
3. (), ; 4. ; ; -
; 5. (),
-
, , , up
: drink [eat] up
[] ; dry up ; wash up -
; boil up ., off ,
: go off ; run off ; drive off ; rush off
; walk off ; hurry off
.

.
, -
, -
,

.
C
, -

.
,
, .
6
.
, -

. -
, .
, ,
. -
,
.

. ,
-
,
, -
,
. -

, -

.

MODERN ENGLISH.
-
-
,
.
7
ADVERBS
about
1.
1) , , ; was
nowhere about. (). Dont leave
papers lying about. He .
There is a good deal of influenza about at present.
. There is a rumour about.
.
2) , , ; Several boys
were standing about. () -
.
2.
1) -. -
( , , . .) ; -
; to stroll about
; They moved the furniture about. -
. The children were rushing about in the
garden. .
2) ; ; After
swimming a mile he turned about and swam back to the shore.
, .
3. , , ;
; is about as tall as I am. ,
.
4. -. ( -
); was about to reply but thought better of it.
, .
8
ahead
1. ; to plan ahead () -
; to go (to get) ahead , ();
to look ahead ;
2. ; ahead of the time ; Walk ahead of us.
.
apart
1.
1) , , ; far (wide) apart
; This house stood apart
from others. ( ) -
. Keep the dogs apart. He
.
2) ; to set English books apart
; to set some money apart -
( -. )
2. , ; ; , ; to live (to
dwell) apart ; The friends have grown much apart.
( ).
3. , ; to fall apart ; to take
apart (); to take the watch apart -

away
1.
1) -. ; away from home
; far away
2) ; away back ;
away back in the twenties - () 20-
9
2.
1) , ; to boil away ; to pass
away ; Sounds were dying away. .
2) ; to give away sth to sb
() -. -.; to give away a secret
back
1. , ; Keep back! He ()! ()! He
stood back in the crowd. . The police
kept the crowd back. .
2. , ; to get (to take, to send, to bring) back
(, , ) (); to go (to come,
to run, to ride, to fly) back (, , ,
)
3. ; to pay back ) ;
) ; to answer back (. );
to hit (to strike) back ; to love back -
; to talk back
4. ; to hold back the tears
; to hold back wages
by
1. ; passed by without a word. , -
.
2. , ; No one was by. ; to stand
by
3. ; Stand (Step) by! ! !
4. to put, to set, to lay ; to
put by money ; Put the work by for the moment.
.
10
down
1.
1) ; . -
; to come down ; to bend down -
, ; Is the elevator going down?
?; to take sth down (-
) -.; He took the picture down from the wall.
; to take sb down -.
2)
. .; to lie down ; to sit down
3) , , . .;
further down ; down to the country
; to go down , -
; to come down for a weekend
-
4) . ; trains going down , -

5) ; When
did he come down from Oxford? -
?
( )?
6) ; Come down south this summer. -
() .
2.
1) ; is down. (-
). The shades (the blinds) are down. .
2) , -
-. ; down in the country -
; to live down in Hampshire ; They live
down by the river. .
11
3. , , , -
, , ; to go down ;
, ; , ; to die down
( , ); to wear down ; to boil
down (in cooking) ; to bring down the price
; The sea is down. . The wind is down.
(). Bread is down. . The
machinery broke down. .
4. ; to write (to note, to set) sth
down -.; I have it down (on paper).
.
5. ; to talk sb down
-.; ; to shout sb down
) -.; ) -. -
forward
, ; to go forward ; to send forward -
; to put forward ,
in
1.
1) ; Is anyone in? () -?
2) ; ( , . .); is not
in today. (, . .).
3) , ; . ;
Come in! ! Bring him in! ! Open your
bag and put the money in.
.
2. . ; It set in to rain.
.
3. ; to be in ) ; The mail is in. -
. The train isnt in yet. ; )
12
; The harvest is in. ; ) (
); Spring is in. . Strawberries are in. -
. Football is over and hockey is in. -
, .
off
1.
1) , . . -
-, -, -, - .; to drive off ,
; to walk off ; to go off on a journey -
; The children ran off. . He
pushed me off. . sent the parcel off.
.
2) -
-; -; to fall off ; to jump off ; to
slip off
3) -
-, -; to break off ; to shake off -
; to bite off a piece ; Cut the end off.
() . The handle (button) came
off. () .
4) . .; took his coat (glasses)
off. ().
5) , ; to drink off -
( ); to pay off ones debt ; to
kill off the animals
2. () ; to break off work
; to cut off supplies ()
3.
1) ; The number of visitors dropped
off. . The profits fell off.
.
13
2) ; The pain passed off. .
3) , -.; to marry (to get) ones
daughters off
4) ; to turn (to switch, to
put) off ; Switch off the light. () .
turned off the radio. .
on
1.
1) -.; Tea is on.
( ).
2) -.; Put the kettle on. -
( . .).
2.
1) ; to work (to write) on
(); She sang on. . Go
on! ! Go on reading! () ! The
war still went on. ().
2)
; Go on! ()! On, John,
on! , , ! sent the luggage on.
. Time glides on. (-
). Time is getting on. .
3) -. ; to be well on in years
; It is getting on for six oclock.
(). is going on for five. -
(). It was well on at night [in September].
. [ .]
4) ;
further on ; later on , ; from ... on -
; from now (that day) on
()
14
3. -
; The game is on. . Breakfast is on from eight to ten.
.
4. , ,
. . -, -; to
turn on the tap ; to switch (to turn) on the gas
; The radio is on. .
5.
1) -.;
. . , ; . -
; to have ones hat (shoes) on (-
); What had he on? ()? had
his spectacles on. . Put on your coat.
.
2) -. , ; -
. ; Rub this ointment on.
.
out
1.
1) ( )
-. -;
is out. . ( .) left his bicycle out.
.
2) -
-; to run out ; to jump out ; to
fall out
2.
1) , . . -
-, -; stretched out on the sofa.
.
15
2) -,
-; She put (held) her hand out. . His
legs were stretched out. .
3.
1) -. ( )
-; The sun came out. (-
, ).
2) , -.
-; His book soon comes out. -
( ) . The firm put out a new
line of shoes. .
4. , -. -
-, -; to leave out sth (
) -.; Leave the first paragraph out.
; to cross out a word
5.
1)
-; -, -, -, -, ; Hear me out. -
; to type out sth (-
) -.; wrote out a check. .
2) -
-, -, -, ; to work out a plan
; I have thought it out. -
().
3) -.
-, -, -; to die out -
; to burn out
6. -. . . -
-; His height makes him
stand out in a crowd. .
His paper was picked out from all other papers. -
.
16
7. -
-, -; shouted out. .
8. -, -; Give the
tickets out. .
over
1.
1) -. , ;
to hang over , ; The balloon
was directly over.
.
2) -. -
-; to jump over ; to step over -
; to climb over into the garden

3) , , -
. . -
-; to roll over
nepe(); to turn sth over -.
; to knock sb over -.
4) , -
-; to
go over to the enemy ; to
sail over ( ); drove us over
to the other side of town. -
.
5) -.
-. -;
led her over to the window. . Send
her over to me. . Take these letters over to
the post office. .
2. , , ; over again, over and over
(again) , , (); said the same
thing over and over (again).
17
; to do sth over -.; Youll have to do it over
(again). .
3.
1)

-, -; to think sth over -.; to talk over
; to check over ; to read a newspaper over
( )
2) -.; The lesson (the concert) is over.
() .
4. , , ; to lay
over ; ; to hold over a decision -

5. , -
. . ( all over); to be all over in dust (in mud)
() ; to paint the wall
over () ; They searched the town
over. .
6. -.
-; to hand sth over to sb
-. -.; to take over a job from sb
, -.
round/around
1.
1) , ; to
run (to fly) round () ; The wheels went
(turned) round. ().
2) -. ( ),
-, -; to hand (to pass) sth round -
( . .)
3) -. ;
- .; Hand the papers round.
18
() . The news was soon
carried round. .
2.
1) , -
. . ; all the country round no ;
all round ; The peddler went round with his goods.

. .
2) , . .; Lets go into town and look
round (have a look round).
.
3.
1)
; Everyone turned round. .
2) , . .; to talk sb round
-.; We soon won him round.
() .
4. . -. -., -
-. -.; to ask sb round for the evening
-. ; to bring sb round -.
; Ill call round at eight. . Come round
and see me. .
through
1.
1) ; soaked (wet) through -
; chilled through ,

2) ( . .) ,
, ; The next train goes (runs)
through to . .
3) , ,
. .; to let sb through -.; England are through
to the semifinal. .
19
2. ,
; studied the whole summer through.
.
3. ( ) -
; .
-, -, - .; to look sth through -
-. ; to sing a song through ;
heard the speech through without interruption. -
, .
up
1.
1) , ; . -
-; Will you carry the box up? , -
, ; to fly up ; Lift your head
up. ; . Look up.
. The temperature has gone up. -
.
2) , -. ; to go up to town
( ); to go up to the university (to
Oxford, to Cambridge) ()
( , )
3) , , ,
(); ; ; ; The army marched up
the country. () -
; to go up North ; to sail up the Thames

2.
1) , ; What are you doing
up there? ? The plane is up. -
() .
2) , -. ; up
in London ; up at Oxford ; up at the
university
20
3) , . .
; to live up in Scotland
3.
1) ,
-
-; to get up ) ( ); ) -
( ); isnt up yet. ; to sit
up ( ); to stand up
2) ; to be (to stay) up till late ();
; to be up all night
4. -., -. ; -
. -; The automobile drove
up. . came up and asked the way.
, .
5.
1) , . .
-; to go up in price

2) , , . . -
; to come (to move) up in the world

6.
1) , -.; Many
new cities have sprung up in our country.
; to put up a monument

2) -. -
-, -, -; to blow
up the fire ; to bring up a new topic

21
3) , -
, . .; Sing up! () !
Speak up! () ! Hurry up! ()!
Cheer up! He ()!
7. ; Parliament is up. -
. Your time is up. . His
leave is up. . The month was up yesterday.
.
8. , -
, , ; -
; to drink (to eat) up ()
( ); to buy up ; The stream has dried up. -
() ; to tear up a letter -
; to boil up
9. ; to invite sb up for dinner -
-. ; to wake up ; to fill up a
glass ; to gather up the books ;
The party ended up with a dance. ;
to praise sb up -.
22
PHRASAL (MULTI-WORD) VERBS
account
account for to give an explanation of sth
He has behaved in the most extraordinary way; I cant account
for his actions at all/I cant account for his behaving like that.
allow
allow for ; ; -
; (-.) to include sb/sth when
calculating sth
It will take about an hour to get there, allowing for traffic
delays.
All these factors must be allowed for.
answer
answer back
1. , ( );
to speak rudely to sb in authority, especially when they are
criticizing you or telling you to do sth
Dont answer back!
Stop answering your mother back.
2. ; to defend
yourself against criticism
He was given the chance to answer back in a radio interview.
ask
ask after to say that you would like to know how
sb is, what they are doing, etc.
He always asks after you in his letters.
23
ask around . to speak to a number of differ-
ent people in order to try and get some information
I dont know of any vacancies in the company but Ill ask
around.
ask for , (-.) to say that you want
to speak to sb or be directed to a place
When you arrive, ask for Jane.
ask in -. () . . to
invite sb to enter the house
Mrs Sutton asked me in.
ask out (-.) to invite sb to go out with you, es-
pecially as a way of starting a romantic relationship
Hes too shy to ask her out.
ask over/round to invite sb to come and visit
you
What if he asks you over for the evening?
Ill ask Sylvia Wicks round for a drink.
attend
attend to ( -., -.); ( -.,
-.) to deal with sb/sth; to take care of sb/sth; see to
I have some urgent business to attend to.
Are you being attended to, Sir?
1. Fill in the correct particle(s). Translate the sentences.
1. She asked me ... on Friday, said the Count. 2. He rang the office
and asked ... Cynthia. 3. The vicar went across the hall to ask Mrs
Daniels . 4. She asked but no one seemed to know where the little
boy had gone. 5. She asked ... my father. 6. Go to the office and ask ...
my secretary. 7. He didnt ask me ...; he kept me standing at the door
while he read the message. 8. She had a lot of friends and was usually
asked ... in the evenings, so she seldom spent an evening at home.
9. I hoped he could ask me ... to his house. 10. She asked ... his health.
11. One evening he asked me ... to inspect the house. 12. A nurse at-
tended ... his needs constantly. 13. If we do not attend ... the problem,
24
it will certainly grow. 14. If you are self-employed, allow ... tax and
national insurance. 15. How do you account ... the shows success?
16. What do you do with a child who answers ... ?
2. Translate into English.
1. , () -
. 2. . 3. -
, . 4. -
? 5. . 6.
, (), - .
7. . 8.
. 9. -
. 10. .
11. () -
. 12. , -
? , . 13.
.
be
be about , to be nearby
is somewhere about.
be about (to do sth) -. to be on the point
of doing sth
We were just about to leave when you telephoned.
be after
1. (sb) , -. to chase
The police were after him.
2. (sth) -., e-.
to want, to try to gain
Hes after a job at our place.
Lets assume that they are really after information and not
scandal.
25
be against to be opposed to (often used with ger-
und)
Im against doing anything till the police arrive.
be away , to be away from home/
this place for at least a night
Youll have to call again. The director is away on business.
be back to (have) return(ed)
I have to go now, but Ill be back soon.
be down
1. ( ) to be downstairs (no longer up-
stairs)
He is not down yet. (He has not finished dressing, etc.)
Is he up yet? Yes, he is up (out of bed) and down (from the
dressing room).
2. , ,
Have you been down to see Robin Hill?
3.
1) (), () to go down, to be lowered (of
blinds, curtains) .
The blinds are down.
2) , ( ) to set (of sun)
The sun was nearly down.
4.
1) , , ( )
to decrease in amount
The yield of cotton is down compared with last year.
2) , , to decrease in intensity
(of wind, temperature, etc.)
The wind is down.
The sea is down (is not rough).
26
5. be down (with) to have or catch an illness
Mrs Ryan was down with flu.
be for to be in favour of (often used with ger-
und)
I am for doing nothing till the police arrive.
be in , , to be at home/ in this
building
Is Mr Baxter in?
be in for -. (. )
to expect sth (usu. bad)
We are in for a storm. .
She is in for a rude awakening. -
.
be off
1. , to leave
I must be off.
The train is off.
2. to be free from work
I am off for the afternoon today.
3. , to be cancelled,
finished
The meeting is off.
4. ( , . .) to be
no longer on
The electricity was off yesterday.
be on
1. , , ( ,
. .) to be switched on
All the lights were on.
2. ( , ); to be
shown (of films, plays)
There is a good film on at our club.
27
3. , to be happening, to take place
Whats on? (whats going on, whats happening?)
The exhibition will be on next week.
be out
1. , ; not to be at ones
home, office
He is out at the moment.
I was out at the pictures.
2. , ( , . .) to be
switched off
The fire is out.
3. , to become known, to be
revealed
Its no use trying to keep it back. The news will be out anyway.
4. to be published
My book is out at last.
5. (of) , to be short of sth, to
lack sth
The money is out.
Im out of cigarettes.
be over , to come to an and
The storm is over now; we can go.
be through (with) -., -.
-. to have finished (a relationship, job, etc.)
He is through with his work.
Im through with that fellow.
be up
1. , ; , to be out
of bed
I am always up at seven oclock.
28
2. , not to go to bed
(usu. late); stay up
Ive been up with him all night.
3. , to be lifted, to have risen
The blinds are up.
4. , , (
)
My dear Irene I have to be up in town tomorrow.
5. , to rise
The shares are up today.
He is up in the world now.
6. ( ), , to expire
(of time, holiday, agreement)
Time is up.
My leave is up.
7. , to be going on (usu. interrog.)
Whats up? , ?
Something is up. - , - .
be up to
1. , -. to do (usu. sth wrong)
What are the children up to?
Im going to tell his parents what hes been up to.
2. , to be equal to
He is not up to his father as a scholar.
Im quite up to the work, Mr Soames.
3. -. ( ); -
-. to depend on; to be ones responsibility or
duty
Its up to the government to take action on violence.
I have helped you as much as I can. Now its up to you. (You
must continue by your own efforts.)
29
4. -. to be physically capable of
doing sth
Im sorry, but Im so tired that I am really not up to going to the
theatre with you tonight.
be with (sb)
1. -. to support sb
Ill be with you in all your misfortunes.
2. ; , to be able to un-
derstand what sb is talking about
Are you with me?
Im afraid Im not quite with you.
be with (sb, sth) -., -. ( )
Im with a shipping firm.
Shes been with a touring company for three years.
1. Fill in the correct adverb(s). Translate the sentences.
1. The decisions not her, its her manager. 2. I want to see
Mrs Pitt. Is she ...? No, Im afraid shes ... at the moment. (or No,
Im afraid shes ... for the weekend.) When will she be ...? Shell
be ... in half an hour/next week. 3. Dont expect her to answer the
doorbell at eight oclock on Sunday morning. She wont be ... . 4. As
soon as the examinations are ... we are going away on holiday. 5. Shall
I marry him? Its you. I cant very well decide for you. 6. She
wants to do all the work herself but I dont think she is ... it. 7. He
is a shock. 8. What have you been ? Where have you been?
What will Mamma think? 9. Im ... keeping quiet and saying noth-
ing. 10. The light is ... . 11. The water is ... . 12. Ive been ... this firm
for five years. 13. It was Roger to make sure all the doors and
windows were locked. 14. Id better be ... . Im afraid I might be late.
15. We hired a boat for an hour and when the time was ..., we returned
it. 16. Were all ... you one hundred per cent. 17. I can never make
him out. I wonder what he is ... ... . 18. I have just seen her. She must
be somewhere ... . 19. The doctor is ... now; hes making his rounds.
20. I knew him well enough to guess by the look on his face that he
was something. 21. Martin is ... career, not culture. 22. Are you
30
... or ... this plan? 23. We saw Father looking angrily out of the broken
window, and we knew we were it. 24. He looks guilty. What do
you think hes been ? 25. Hes ... in the guests room. 26. Ive
done what I could. Its you to make a choice now. 27. The
freezer was ...; all the food would spoil. 28. We are cold winter.
29. The kids are very quiet. Are they something? 30. When
will you be ... ? I want to know in case somebody rings up. 31. Hes
been ... his work once or twice I know, but I dont think it was from
sickness. 32. Sarahs ... in India somewhere. 33. The wedding is ... .
34. Whats ... TV? 35. We were without electricity for three hours
but its ... again now. 36. There was a war ... at the time. 37. Im
nearly ... with the book. 38. The prices are ... now. 39. Times ... .
Stop writing and hand in your papers. 40. I could tell something was
... by the looks on their faces. 41. Thats the very number were ... .
42. He was ... on business. 43. Im all ... seeing as much as possible.
44. Tom was ... at once. 45. The radio was ... the whole day. 46. The
light was ... in the basement. 47. This lamp has been ... since eleven.
48. The strikes ... . 49. All is ... between us. 50. They are ... with the
job. 51. His contracts ... at the end of the season. 52. I was just ...
to ask you the same thing. 53. Mary is not ... yet. 54. Joe had seen
her that afternoon after the news was ... . 55. The birthrate is very
much . 56. The temperature is ... . 57. I had just been ... with fever.
58. Ill be ... in half an hour. Wait for me. 59. Were ... of milk. 60. Will
you get me some matches? My pipes ... . 61. Were going ... to New
York for the day.
1. , , , .
2. . 3. . 4. -
. 5. . 6. -
. 7. , ? 8.
, . 9.
- . 10. .
11. , . 12. .
13. . 14. ( -
, ). 15. -
( ). 16.
()? 17. . 18.
31
. 19. , , -
. . 20. .
. 21. ,
, . 22.
. 23. .
. 24. , , -
. 25. , .
. 26. . -
. 27. , ,
. . 28. , -
,
. 29. , . 30.
. 31. . 32. . 33.
? 34.
. 35. -
. 36. ? .
37. ? . 38.
. 39. . 40. -
. 41.
. . 42. . ,
. 43. -
. 44. . 45. . 46.
. 47.
? , . 48.
. 49. (-
). 50. . 51. .
blow
blow up () to destroy sth by an explosion; to explode
They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldnt follow
them.
Just as we got to the bridge it blew up.
boil
boil away to change into steam
The water had all boiled away and the kettle was empty.
32
boil over ( ) to rise and flow over
the sides of the container (used only of hot liquids)
The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of
burning.
branch
branch out , ( , . .)
to start to do an activity that you have not done before, especially
in your work or business
I decided to branch out on my own.
break
break down
1. , ; to smash down, to demolish
Firefighters had to break the door down to reach the people
trapped inside.
2. , , (
. .); to stop working
The car has broken down again.
3. , ( ) to become very bad
Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
4. , to fail
Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.
5. , , to
lose control of feelings (of people)
David broke down and wept when he heard the news.
break in, break into , to enter by force
Thieves broke in and stole the silver.
The house was broken into when the owner was on holiday.
break off (, . .) to
end sth suddenly
Ann has broken off her engagement to Tom.
They broke off the conversation.
33
break out
1. ( , , ) to begin suddenly
A fire broke out during the night.
2. , to escape from a place
Several prisoners broke out of the jail.
break up
1. ( , . .) to go away in
different directions
The meeting broke up at eleven oclock.
2. , ( , ,
. .) to come to an end
Their marriage has broken up.
3. ; to stop
for holidays (of schools, etc.)
When do you break up for Christmas?
break with (sb, sth) -., -. to
cease associating with sb, to do away with sth
He has broken with all his old friends.
Its difficult for him to break with his old habit.
bring
bring about , to make sth happen;
cause
What brought about the change in his attitude?
bring back
1. , to return sb/sth
Please bring back all library books by the end of the week.
2. to make sb remember sth or think about it again
The story brought back the days of their friendship.
34
bring out , ( . .) to produce sth;
to publish sth
When are you going to bring out your new book?
bring round , to make sb who is
unconscious become conscious again
She fainted with the pain but a little brandy soon brought her
round.
bring up , to educate and train children
I brought up two children alone.
brush
brush up (or brush on) to quickly improve a
skill, especially when you have not used it for a time
I must brush up (on) my Spanish before I go to Seville.
build
build up
1. (), to increase in amount,
size, or intensity
All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with
stress.
The noise built up until Mary couldnt stand it any longer.
2. () . . to make sb/yourself
healthier or stronger
You need more protein to build you up.
1. The fire broke ... early this morning and destroyed many build-
ings in the city centre. 2. School breaks ... for the summer on
June 18. 3. The jewellery shop in Lewis Street has been broken ...
three times this year. 4. Mary broke ... her engagement to Bob. 5. They
locked him in a room but he broke ... . 6. Tom and Mary broke ... last
month and Mary is still very upset. 7. A fire broke ... after the football
35
match yesterday. 8. Mums TV has broken ... . 9. The police broke ...
and arrested all the brothers. 10. Tim and I broke ... . 11. Men
seem to be more skilled at breaking ... relationships with women.
12. Two men wearing masks broke ... Boyds Bank and stole 100,000.
13. At the funeral the boys mother broke ... and started crying.
14. My car broke ... on the motorway and I had to walk to a garage.
15. The old cars were broken ... for their metal and parts. 16. The
thieves broke ... through the back door. 17. The alarm went off as
soon as they tried to break ... the house. 18. Divorce breaks ... a lot
of families. 19. Were lucky, we break ... quite early. 20. People start-
ed to leave at 11 oclock and the party finally broke ... at midnight.
21. The end of the war brought ... great changes. 22. When he
became rich, he broke ... his former friends. 23. The milk is
boiling ... . 24. The police station was blown ... by the terror-
ists. 25. He brought me ... in his car. 26. The band have just
brought ... their second album. 27. He was brought ... by his aunt.
28. Nobody was making any attempt to bring her ... . 29. Seeing the
place again would bring all the horrors ... to me. 30. The Administra-
tion helped bring ... a peaceful settlement. 31. The talks broke ... over
differences on doctrine. 32. He was afraid he was going to break ... and
cry. 33. Brush ... your English! 34. The company has now branched
... into selling insurance. 35. We hepled to build ... the wealth of this
country. 36. We must build him ... before he can go home.
1. . 2. -
. 3. 1939 . . 4.
. 5. . 6. ()
. 7. . 8. -
. 9. . 10.
. 11. ( ).
12. ( ). 13. -
() . 14. . 15.
. 16. . 17. -
( ). 18. -
. 19.
. 20.
. 21. .
36
22. . 23. -
. 24. -
? 25. . 26. . 27.
. 28. -
. 29. .
call
call at (a place) -. to pay a short visit usu. on some
business
I called at the bank and arranged to transfer some money.
call back ( ) to tele-
phone sb again or to telephone sb who telephoned you earlier
She said shed call back.
call for
1. (-. -.) to visit a place to collect a
person or thing
Ill call for you at seven oclock.
2. , (-.) to require
The situation calls for attention.
call in , (-.
. .) to ask sb to come and do sth for you; send for
When he grew worse we called in a second doctor.
call off ( , . .) to cancel
The flight was called off.
They had to call off the match as the ground was too wet to
play on.
call on (a person) -. to pay a visit
When did he call on you last?
call out ; to shout
He called out each name twice.
Come in, he called out from the balcony.
37
call round/call over ; , to make a
short visit to a person or place
I called round to a dozen places to get the proper size of bulb.
Its OK, well be calling over shortly anyway.
call up
1. to telephone; phone up, ring up
I called him up and asked if he had any news.
2. ( ) to make sb do their training in the
army
Young people are called up at eighteen.
calm
calm down () to become or to make sb calm
Look, calm down! Well find her.
1. Im going to a pop concert with Tom. He is calling ... me at eight
so I must be ready then. 2. Im waiting for someone to call me ... with
a price. 3. They have called ... their engagement. 4. The game was
called ... because of bad weather. 5. He called ... all the housewives
in the area and asked them to sign the petition. 6. I called him ...
and asked if they had any news. 7. I was extremely lucky not to be
called ... at the time. 8. One boy rushed forward, calling ... his fathers
name. 9. The radio had an open line on which listeners could call ...
to discuss various issues. 10. If it rains, the tennis match will have to
be called ... . 11. Dont bother to call me ... or ring me. 12. The four
of us called ... him in his room. 13. They called me ... for question-
ing. 14. The ship will call ... several ports. 15. She said shed call ... .
16. The situation calls ... prompt action. 17. Ill call ... and see you
on my way home. 18. He took a few deep breaths to calm himself .
19. Ive called ... to report what Ive done.
1. ? 2. .
3. . 4. -
38
. 5. .
6. , , .
7. . . 8. -
. 9.
. 10. -
3 . 11. .
. 12. ? 13.
. 14. , -
. 15. . 16. .
17. . 18. ,
. 19. , . 20. -
.
care
care for
1. ( -., -.) to look after (not much used
except in the passive)
Pets must be properly cared for.
2. ; (-., -.) to like (seldom
used in the affirmative)
He doesnt care for films about war.
not to care about -. to be indiffe-
rent to
The professor said that he was interested only in research;
he didnt really care about students.
carry
be/get carried away to get very excited or lose control of
ones feelings
I got carried away and started shouting at the television.
carry on to continue
He carried on working after everyone else had gone home.
The doctor told her to carry on with the treatment.
39
carry out
1. , to do and complete a task
Extensive tests have been carried out on the patient.
2. (, , ) to fulfil (a plan, prom-
ise, threat, etc.)
He read the instructions but he didnt carry them out.
1. I didnt mean to buy so much but I got carried ... .2. The first
experiments were carried ... by Dr Preston McLendon. 3. Are you
telling me to carry ... with my investigation? 4. They cant be al-
lowed to be carried ... by their feelings. 5. They have to carry ... many
administrative duties. 6. It was the worst possible place to carry ...
his research. 7. The guest speaker was not in the least disturbed, but
he carried ... reading from his prepared script. 8. Carry your
work while Im away. 9. He carried ... peeling the potatoes. 10. She
doesnt care ... environment issues. 11. She moved back home to care
... her elderly parents. 12. He cared ... her more than she realized.
13. Would you care ... another drink? 14. He didnt drink, he didnt
care ... the taste of it. 15. Here is a young man whom I care ... and
who cares ... me. 16. The house looked well cared ... .
1. . 2. ,
(). 3. . 4.
. 5. . 6. -
. 7.
. 8. , . 9. -
, . 10. -
( ) . 11. -
, . 12.
. 13. , -
.14. . 15.
. 16. ( -
). 17. . 18. -
40
. 19. - ?
20. . 21.
?
catch
catch on (to sth) pa. ; , ()
to understand sth
He is very quick to catch on to things.
Hell catch on eventually.
catch up with , (-.) to reach the same place
(level) as
I started last in the race but I soon caught up with the others.
check
check in ; ; (
, . .)
I checked in at the Gordon Hotel.
check out -
;
Guests should check out of their rooms by noon.
cheer
cheer up ; ; to make sb/ sth
more cheerful
Oh, come on cheer up!
Give Mary a call; she needs cheering up.
chop
chop up ( . .); ; , -
to cut sth into pieces
Chop the carrots up into small pieces.
clean
clean out ( ) to clean the inside of
sth thoroughly; clear out
Clean out your desk.
41
clean up to remove dirt, etc. from somewhere; clear up
He always expected other people to clean up after him.
clear
clear away ( ) to remove articles in or-
der to make space
He cleared away and made coffee.
Brody stood up and began to clear away the soup bowls.
clear out , to make sth empty and clean by re-
moving things or throwing things away; clean out
Ill clear out this drawer and you can put your things in it.
clear up
1. , to make sth tidy and clean;
clean up
Its time to clear up.
Clear up your own mess!
2. , , to solve, to explain, to
settle
The mystery was cleared up at last.
Inspector Standish was trying to clear up a tiresome problem.
I went to clear the matter up with him.
3. ( ) to become fine or bright
I hope it clears up this afternoon.
Im going back till the weather clears up.
close
close down , ;
(); , to close; shut
down
Theyre closing down my old school.
Trade was so bad that many shops closed down.
42
1. I dont like the dead branches lying about, we must clear
them ... . 2. Therell be plenty of room in that closet when its clea-
red ... . 3. Im fed up with clearing ... after you. 4. I found the letters
when I was clearing ... after my father died. 5. We hoped to clear
... the mystery. 6. When are you going to clear all that rubbish ... of
the greenhouse? 7. I got out the vacuum cleaner, she said, to clear
... that pile of dust in the studio. 8. Its high time you cleared ...
the chest of drawers. 9. The room needs clearing ... after the party.
10. Youve missed a whole term; youll have to work hard to catch
the rest of the class. 11. Please check ... an hour before departure.
12. The following morning he checked ... . 13. She checked ... of the
hotel and took the train to Paris. 14. Soak the plants, then chop them
... as small as you can. 15. She cheered ... a little as Miss Livingstone
went out. 16. She bought strawberries to cheer herself ... . 17. He
cleaned the room ... before leaving. 18. I spent three days cleaning
... our flat. 19.1 was cleaning ... my desk at the office on my last day
there. 20. Whos going to clean ... this mess? 21.1 must clean the fish
tank ... . 22. If the firms failed to make enough money they would
close ... . 23. They finally caught our game.
2. Translate the sentences.
1. , .
2. . 3. , , -
. 4. , , .
5. 6. -
. 7. .
. 8. ? -
. 9. .
. 10. ,
. 11. , ? ,
. 12. , -
. 13. () . 14.
. 15. , .
16. -
. 17. , . 18.
. 19. . 20.
43
, . 21.
. 22. ,
( ) . 23. -
. 24. ().
25. () .
come
come about , to happen
Can you tell me how the accident came about?
come across
1. , to meet or find sb/sth by
chance
I came across children sleeping under bridges.
She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
2. come across (as) / to
make a particular impression
He came across as a sympathetic person.
come back to return
They are coming back on Sunday.
come down () ,
to come from one place to another; usually
from the north of a country to the south, or from a larger place to
a smaller one
He came down to the country cottage for the weekend.
He is coming down (from) Oxford at Easter.
come /go down with . . (-.) to get an illness
that is not very serious
I think Im coming down with (the) flu.
come for -./-. to fetch, to pick up
I said I would come for Dolly in the afternoon.
Ill come for the sandwiches later.
44
come from (of) , to belong to
He comes from (of) a poor family.
come in, come into -. to enter a room or house
Somebody knocked on my door and I said, Come in.
Come into the garden and Ill show you my roses.
come into to inherit
He came into the property when his uncle died.
come off ( . .) to become separated
from sth
When I tried to lift the jug, the handle came off in my hand.
come on/along . . . -,
used in orders to tell sb to hurry or to try harder
Come on/along, or well be late. -, -
.
Come on, children, lets have a little quiet. -, ,
.
Oh, come on, be serious! , !
come out
1. to step out, to become visible
Come out, I cant see you there.
2. to be published (of newspapers, books,
plays, etc.)
The book came out in June.
3. , to become
known
His secret came out.
come over/round , ( ) to visit
sb for a short time
Come over and see us sometime.
Would you like to come round tomorrow evening?
45
come round/to , to become conscious
again
Your mother hasnt yet come round from the anaesthetic.
Thats all I remember, until I came to in a lifeboat.
come up (to)
1. to move towards sb
He came up to me and asked for a light.
2. , ; -
to come from one
place to another; especially from the south of a country to the
north or from a smaller place to a larger one
They came up to London a week ago.
1. While she was cleaning, she came ... a pair of gold earrings. 2. We
are having such a wonderful time here in Barbados that wed like to
come ... next summer. 3. Why dont you come ... for a cup of coffee?
4. When we found him he was unconscious but he came ... in half
an hour and explained that he had been attacked and robbed. 5. He
comes ... London. 6. Come ..., or well be late. 7. Come ...! The taxis
waiting. 8. She came ... with pneumonia. 9. During the interview she
came ... as efficient and decisive. 10. Has he come ... the book yet?
11. Jeremy came ... looking worried. 12. The wheel of the car came
... in the middle of the road. 13. The full story came ... at the trial.
14. When is her new novel coming ...? 15. A man came ... to us.
16. Why dont you come ... to our place? 17. Why dont you come ...
to Scotland for a few days? 18. The rain stopped and the sun came ... .
19. She came ... a fortune when her aunt died. 20. She is the most dif-
ficult woman I have ever come ... . 21. Come ..., Andy, give us a smile.
22. Come ... later and well show you our wedding photos. 23. They
came ... the bookstore. 24. All the wallpapers coming ... . 25. He
wasnt coming ... as the idiot I had expected him to be. 26. He came
... from the war. 27. Where do you come ...? 28. She came ... some
money on her mothers death. 29. The police came ... Humbolt.
30. We came ... of the tunnel. 31. He asked me to send him any new
46
stamps which might come ... . 32. All the facts came ... after Seerys
death. 33. Tess burst into tears, and the story came ... . 34. He want-
ed me to come ... for lunch. 35. Ive got some friends coming ... .
36. Theres something I want you to see. Come ..., children, come ... !
37. The discovery of adrenalin came through a mistake.
1. , .
2. ,
. 3. ? . 4. -
, , . 5.
, ? 6. -
, . 7. ,
.
. 8. .
9. . 10. -
. 11. . 12. (-
) . 13.
. 14. . 15. - -
. 16. , . 17.
! . 18. , ! 19.
.
cut
cut down (a tree) () to fell it
If you cut down all the trees youll ruin the land.
cut down (on) (-.), to
reduce the size, amount or number of sth
We must cut down expenses or well be getting into debt.
The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
cut in ( ), to inter-
rupt sb when they are speaking
Stop cutting in with your remarks.
47
cut off
1. , , to remove sth from sth larger
by cutting
They held a gun to his head and threatened to cut off his ears.
2. (); to isolate (usu. passive)
The town was cut off by the floods.
3. , , ( -
) to disconnect
We were cut off in the middle of our conversation.
4. (, . .) to stop the supply of sth to sb
Our water supply has been cut off.
cut out
1. , to remove by cutting
He cut a picture out of a magazine.
2. , to omit, to leave out
The editor cut out the last paragraph.
3. , (-.) to stop doing, using
or eating sth
Ive been advised to cut sugar out of my diet.
4. ; to stop working
The engines cut out again.
be cut out for/be cut out to be sth , ;
-. to be fitted or suited for
Hes not cut out for teaching.
Hes not cut out to be a teacher.
cut up
1. , to divide sth into small pieces
with a knife, etc.
He cut up the meat on his plate.
48
2. , (usu. passive) to upset sb
emotionally
She was pretty cut up about them leaving.
1. Hes not cut ... to be a doctor. 2. We need to cut the article ... to
1000 words. 3. The doctor told him to cut his drinking. 4. They
were cut ... for not paying their phone bill. 5. How much is it going
to cost us to cut all these trees ...? 6. He cut ... all references to the
Byron being ugly. 7. The army was cut ... from its base. 8. Shes really
cut ... about getting a D in Maths. 9. You have to employ a profes-
sional, cut ... the Englishman quietly. 10. She had cut smoking.
11. Dont complain when they cut you ... by mistake. 12. Gas sup-
plies had now been cut ... . 13. When I am making a dress I mark the
cloth with chalk and then cut it ... . 14. If you want to get thin you
must cut ... sugar. 15. I wont have a cigarette, thanks Im trying to
cut ... . 16. Her publishers insisted on cutting several stories her
memoirs. 17. Shes not cut ... for teaching. 18. Mrs Travers began a
reply, but Mrs Patel cut ... again. 19. I wouldnt drink that whisky if
I were you, he said. Cut ... . 20. The new factory cuts ... our view
of the hills. 21. She feels very cut ... living in the country. 22. He is
cut ... to be a diplomat. 23. I would cut ... the bit about working as a
waitress. 24. It was too big to go into the bin so I cut it ... . 25. The
doctor said I must cut tobacco right ... .
2. Translate the sentences.
1. . 2.
, . 3.
( ). 4. -
(). 5.
. 6.
. 7.
. 8. () . 9.
. 10. ,
. 11. . 12.
. 13. (, -
49
). 14. . 15.
, .
16. , - -
. 17. ,
. 18.
,
.
dig
dig in/into ( ); to start to eat food
with enthusiasm (slang)
When the bell rang, the kids dug into their lunches.
John dug in and finished his homework very quickly.
dish
dish out . ; ; ( ) to serve
food onto plates for a meal
Can you dish out the potatoes please?
dish up ( . .) to serve food onto plates
for a meal; dish out, serve
Collect these plates while I go and dish up the main course.
do
do away with , , -. to
abolish
We are going to do away with the old tax system.
The headmaster thinks school uniform should be done away
with.
do up
1. , ; to make
tidy; to repair; to decorate
He makes money by buying old houses and doing them up.
The theatre was horrible, done up as cheaply as possible.
50
2. , to fasten
Do up your coat.
Ive eaten so much that I cant do my trousers up!
do with ; (,
-.) to be satisfied with sth as there is noth-
ing better
Im hot and tired. I could do with a nice cool drink.
Can you do with a ten-rouble note?
do without -., -. to manage without
sth/sb
Many Victorian households did without a bathroom altoge-
ther.
If you dont have cigarettes, you must simply do without.
draw
draw out , ()
I drew out some money from the bank.
drive
drive away/off , to leave in a vehicle
The robbers drove off/away in a stolen vehicle.
drive on to continue driving
Dont stop drive on!
drop
drop in , to visit someone without making
any formal arrangement to do so; call in
He dropped in for a few minutes to ask if he could borrow your
power drill.
drop in at sbs place but drop in on sb
I thought Id drop in on you while I was passing.
I dropped in at the library on my way to the office.
51
drop off to take passengers where they want to go and
leave them there
I can drop Daisy off on my way home.
drop out , (, ) to leave school,
college, etc. without finishing your studies
She started an engineering degree but dropped out after only
a year.
drop round , to visit sb without making any
formal arrangement to do so; drop in, drop by
Ill drop round when Ive finished the shopping.
1. She cant do ... a secretary. 2. I think we could do ... a good nights
sleep. 3. They are doing ... the front of the house. 4. We did il-
literacy many years ago. 5. If they cant get it to us in time, well just
have to do ... . 6. She said she would do ... any tea. 7. At the sight of
all the food, thoughts of diets were done . 8. I could do ... your
sarcastic comments. 9. The flat needs doing ... . 10. He couldnt do
... the buttons on his coat. 11. He wore a long coat that was done ...
at the neck. 12. She dug ... her bowl of pasta. 13. Help yourselves,
everybody! Dig ... ! 14. We could not wash the saucepans until the
food was dished ... . 15. We tried dishing ... earlier, but people com-
plained. 16. We heard him drive . 17. We stopped for a few minutes
and then drove . 18. Sorry were late we dropped ... ... the pub
on the way. 19. I thought Id just drop ... and see how you were. 20. I
dropped her during the afternoon. 21. He had dropped ... of the
college in the first term. 22. Can you drop me ... near the bank? 23. I
drew ... 200. 24. Can I draw $ 350 ... ... my account?
1. . 2. -
. 3. . 4. ,
. 5. -
, , -
. 6. .
52
7. . 8. -
. 9.
. 10. ,
(), . 11.
. 12. . 13. -
. 14. () . 15.
? 16. . 17. -
. , . 18.
, ? . 19.
.
.
eat
eat in , to have a meal at home rather
than in a restaurant
We wont be eating in tonight, Susan said.
eat out , to have a meal in a res-
taurant, etc. rather than at home
Do you feel like eating out tonight?
end
end up to find your-
self in a place or situation that you did not intend or expect
to be in
If you go on like that youll end up in prision.
enter
enter for , to become a
competitor/candidate (for a contest, examination, etc.)
Twelve thousand competitors have entered for the next London
Marathon.
face
face up to sth ( -.) to accept and deal with
sth which is difficult and unpleasant
She had to face up to the fact that she would never walk again.
53
fall
fall back on ( -., -.);
-. to go to sb for support; to have sth to use when you are in
difficulty
I have a little money in the bank to fall back on.
When his wife died, at the age of 32, he fell back on his friends
and family for support.
fall behind
1. , to lag, to get (be) behind
Dont fall behind the leaders or youll never catch up.
2. (with) , to be late in doing
sth
They fell behind with the rent and got a reminder from the
landlord.
fall down to become unbalanced and drop to the ground
He fell down and hurt himself badly.
fall for , , to
take a liking to, to be attracted to
I fell for you the moment I saw you.
fall off , to decrease in quantity
or quality
Attendance at my lectures has fallen off considerably.
fall out (with) to quarrel
He fell out with his family and went away to work on a farm.
They fell out over the problem of teaching foreign languages.
fall over ; to fall to the ground
I just touched the vase and it fell over.
fall through , to fail, to come to
nothing
All their plans fell through because of lack of money.
54
be fed up (with) , to be com-
pletely bored (slang)
Im fed up with this wet weather.
Im fed up with waiting; Im going home.
fill
fill in/up/out forms etc. (, . .) to
complete them
I had to fill in three forms to get my new passport.
fill up , , to make sth
completely full
Fill the tank up, please.
find
find out , to discover as a result of conscious
effort
In the end I found out what was wrong with my hi-fi.
I havent found anything out about him yet.
flare
flare up , to become angry
The argument between the two groups flared up at the meet-
ing.
fit
fit in ( . .); ( . .)
to find time to see sb or to do sth
Ill try and fit you in after lunch.
I had to fit ten appointments into one morning.
1. At the beginning the whole party kept together but by the end of
the day those who were less fit had fallen ... . 2. They fell ... each other
instantly. 3. I rushed for the door and fell ... the cat in the hallway.
55
4. He tripped and fell ... . 5. Unfortunately, we have fallen the
payments. 6. Ive fallen certain members of the band. 7. We ar-
ranged to book a villa and it fell ... . 8. Im afraid that he might fall ...
again and hurt himself. 9. Fancy falling ... over something as trivial as
that! 10. He began to limp and fell so far ... that I decided to let him
rest. 11. I bought it yesterday falling ... it because it was extremely
simple. 12. After a few moments the project fell ... owing to lack of
support. 13. She fell her usual excuse of having no time. 14. Eco-
nomic growth will fall ... only slightly. 15. Peter knew that even if
his business venture in Tokyo was not successful he could always fall
his English teaching skills. 16. Do you eat ... a lot in London?
17. Willie liked to eat ... in restaurants and stay up late in bars. 18. He
fully intends to enter ... the race. 19. I think theyre getting pretty fed
with him by now. 20. We filled ... all the customs forms. 21. I filled
... the tank with oil. 22. Can you find ... what time the meeting starts?
23. We found ... later that he had been at the same school. 24. The
conflict flared ... into civil war. 25. Panic flared ... in her. 26. Im on
holiday next week, but I can fit you ... on the 9th. 27. Sylvia ended ...
with no money, no husband and no house and a two-year-old child.
28. His situation was desperate, but he faced it.
1. , . 2. -
. 3. , .
4. . 5. ,
, . 6. -
.
7. , ,
. 8.
- . 9. -
. 10. . 11. ,
. 12. . 13. , -
. 14. .
15. - . 16.
() . 17. -
( ). 18. ,
( ).
56
get
get across , , ; ,
( ) to succeed in communicating sth; get
over
He is not very good at getting his ideas across.
A good speaker can get his idea across to his audience without
much effort.
get along (with) , to have a friendly
relationship with sb; get on
He worked hard and was easy to get along with.
They just cant get along together.
The two men get along well.
get at to mean, to imply
I dont know what you are getting at.
get away
1. , , to succeed in leaving the
place; escape
The prisoner got away.
2. , , ; go away
I want to get away from the city.
get away with (-.) ;
-. to escape punishment
Dont be tempted to cheat youll never get away with it.
He always gets away with it.
get back
1. to return
When will he get back?
2. to have sth back
How can I get my books back?
get by , ; to manage to survive and have
a fairly satisfactory life
How does she get by on such a small salary?
57
get down
1. to descend
Get down (off) the ladder.
2. to take down
Will you get down the books (from the shelf) for me?
3. , , to depress sb
These things are getting me down.
The loneliness really started to get my mother down after a few
months.
get down to , / . . to settle
down to ones study, work, business, etc.
Now, if you have nothing against well get down to business.
get in (into)
1. , to go inside
Never get in(to) a strangers car.
2. , to arrive
The train got in late.
What time do you get into Heathrow?
get off , ; to leave a bus, train or plane
When the train stopped he got off.
get on ( , . .) to mount, to
board
She got on the bus every morning.
Some new passengers were getting on.
get on (with)
1. , to make progress, to be
successful
How are you getting on?
Parents are always anxious for their children to get on.
I must get on with my work.
58
2. , to be on good terms;
get along
Ive always got on very well with my colleagues.
She and her sister have never really got on.
get out
1. , , to leave a place
When the plane landed he was the first to get out.
2. , ( ) to escape
Several men got out yesterday.
3. , to take sb/sth out
I cant get the key out.
My children like to swim so much that I cant get them out of
the water.
get out of sth/doing sth ( -.); -
, to avoid doing sth
She always got out of washing up.
Well do anything to get out of work.
get over
1. (, ) to find a way of
dealing with a problem or difficulty
She managed to get over the first difficulties.
2. , ; to recover from
(illness, distress or mental weakness)
Im glad to hear you have got over your cold.
Have you got over the shock?
3. ( ) succeed in making other people
understand you (your idea, argument, or suggestion); get
across
This is the only way I know of getting my message over to you
clearly.
How do I get it over to you?
59
get round to persuade sb in ones own interests
She knows how to get round her parents.
get to (a place) , -.;
-. to arrive
When do we get to New York?
get through
1. ; , -. to finish a piece of
work, finish successfully
I hope well get through that pile of work on Saturday.
As soon as I get through with this washing, Ill help you.
He got through his exam all right (passed it).
2. to succeed in contacting sb on the
telephone
Ive been trying for a whole hour to get through to you.
3. ( -., -. ); ( -
-. )
It has got through to him quickly.
I couldnt get through to her.
get up
) , to rise (esp. from bed)
) , to make sb get out of bed
The old man fell down on the ice and couldnt get up.
What time do you get up?
Could you get me up at 6.30 tomorrow?
1. I rang up the hospital. It took me over two hours to get ... . 2. Our
son is getting ... well at college. 3. If I can get ... all my homework, Ill
go to the cinema later. 4. The thief got ... climbing over the garden
wall. 5. I really get ... with my brother. 6. Ann got ... the train just as
it was about to leave and got ... at Portland. 7. He got the crime
60
because there were no witnesses. 8. After I put down the phone I got
my work. 9. They earn just enough money to get ... . 10. Hes got
some problems, but Im sure he can get ... them. 11. Id love to get ...
to an exotic country for a while. 12. It took Sharon two months to get
... her illness. 13. The thieves got ..., even though the police had sur-
rounded the building. 14. The speaker needs to know that his words
are getting ... . 15. The two children are getting ... very well. 16. Ive
got to get ... to London. 17. All he wants to do is get his girlfriend ... .
18. George has climbed up that tree, and now he cant get ... . 19. I
walked to the van, got ... and drove away. 20. What time does the
coach get ..., do you know? 21. Get ... at Mayfield Church. 22. Lets
get ... the first bus that comes along. 23. Sylvia asked politely how
Paul was getting ... at school. 24. She got ... and slammed the door.
25. I had to go to school, and if I could have got it, I would.
26. I had to get ... from my stool. 27. We managed to get our mes-
sage ... . 28. Ill have to get work soon Ive got lots to do.
29. Im not going to allow Ann to get an offensive remark like
that. 30. I cant get ... to Joe. Ill phone again later. 31. We get
our neighbours very well. 32. This continual wet weather is getting
me ... . 33. All this worry has got him ... . 34. My brother doesnt get
... till 6. 35. The class got ... when the teacher came in. 36. Were get-
ting ... at the next stop. 37. Lets get business. 38. She cant get ...
her shyness. 39. I think the problem can be got ... without too much
difficulty. 40. He always gets ... early. 41. It was midnight before we
got ... the village. 42. I know what you are getting ..., and youre right.
43. The audience had no idea what we were getting ... . 44. I find it
impossible to get... to her.
2. Read the text below and add a word which best f its each
place.
After a long hard winter I was looking forward to getting ... . Spring in
Seville seemed just the thing to help me get ... my winter depression.
In my job (I work for an advertising company), I dont get ... very
much and things had been getting me ... lately so I was very keen to ...
up and go, leaving everything behind. I knew everything would still be
there waiting for me when I got ... but for ten days I would be able to
get ... from it all. The problem was I hadnt been getting ... well with
my boss in the last few months we didnt see eye to eye about policy
and I just couldnt get ... to her how I saw the future of the company.
61
Moneywise the jobs fine I make more than enough to get ... and
I suppose prospects are good I want to get ... in my career and the
job gives me lots of opportunities for promotion. But some day soon
I will have to get ... the difficulties Im having with my boss.
1. . 2. -
, . 3. -
(, ) . 4.
. 5.
. 6. . 7.
? 8. . 9. -
. 10. (). 11. ?
12. , . 13.
. 14. . 15.
. 16. . 17. -
. 18. ,
. 19. ( ). 20. -
( ). 21. . 22.
. 23.
. 24. ? 25. ()!
26. . 27.
, . 28.
. 29. . -
, . 30.
? 31.
. 32. ? ( ?
?) 33. , (
) .
give
give away
1. , ; (, );
to give it to someone (as a gift)
Ill give this old coat away.
2. . , ; , to
betray (a person); to reveal (a secret or information)
62
He said that he was not an American but his accent gave him
away.
give back to return sth to its owner
I must call at the library to give back this book.
give off , (, . .) to emit (heat,
a smell, etc.)
The liquid gave off a strong smell.
give in
1. , , (, . .) to
hand in
Dont forget to give in your exercise books.
2. (to) , to yield to a persons desires or
wishes
It doesnt matter what you say, he will never give in.
The authorities have shown no signs of giving in to the
kidnappers demands.
give out
1. , to distribute
The teacher gave out the exam papers.
2. , to announce, to make known
They gave out the names of the winners on the radio.
3. , ( , , . .) to
become exhausted, to come to an end
The water supply at last gave out.
His patience gave out and he slapped the child hard.
give up
1.
1) ( , , -
. .) to stop doing sth
63
He had to give up studying because of his poor health.
She didnt give up work when she had the baby.
2) , () to stop a habit
Do you still smoke? You really should give up, you know.
I gave up drinking coffee because it kept me awake at night.
2. , to surrender
The war will be over when one of the countries gives up.
1. Can I borrow that book? Ill give it ... to you tomorrow. 2. After
the operation David had to give ... smoking. 3. He gave ... most of his
money to charity. 4. This chemical gives ... a strange smell. 5. They
gave ... to the strikers demands. 6. I tried to learn Greek but soon
I got tired and gave it ... .7. Their food supplies gave ... sooner than
they had planned, so they had to return home. 8. Youd better not
give ... this secret to anyone, or I will be angry with you. 9. The rebels
were forced to give ... . 10. Please give your work ... before Monday.
11. They also gave ... information about courses for teachers of Eng-
lish. 12. On the same day it was given ... that fresh documents had
been discovered. 13. She never completely gave... hope. 14. The hi-
jackers finally gave themselves ... to the police. 15. Her little boy had
cried so when they had given the dog ... . 16. I gave ... his ring and his
jacket. 17. We mustnt give ... to threats. 18. She gave ... her work to
look after the children. 19. The conductor is the person on a bus who
gives ... tickets. 20. I give ... tell me the answer. 21. Even Ruskin
gave ... the attempt in despair. 22. Someone gave ... the secret plans
and now the boss is angry. 23. The factory gives ... a lot of smoke,
causing pollution. 24. Although they were losing the match, the team
refused to give ... . 25. The shop is giving ... free gifts to anyone who
spends more than 30. 26. The papers were given ... and we had an
hour to do the test. 27. In the end he gave ... trying to explain it all
to me. 28. No chocolate for me, thanks. Ive given it ... . 29. They
were standing in the street giving leaflets ... to passers-by. 30. When
are you going to give him ... his camera? 31. They gave ... the names
of the winners on the radio. 32. When we were only a few miles from
our destination the petrol gave ... . 33. I tried running, but I gave ...
64
after about ten minutes. 34. I said, Please Maam. I should like to
give ... my notice. 35. The flowers give... a fragrant perfume. 36. Her
patience finally gave ... . 37. The motor gave ... suddenly.
1. . 2. -
, () . 3.
, . 4. ,
. 5. -
. 6. ? 7. -
( ). 8. . 9. ,

. 10. , -
. 11. . 12. -
. 13. . 14.
. 15. (
). 16. . 17.
. 18. . 19. ,
, . 20. !
21. , . 22. .
go
go ahead ; to proceed, continue,
lead the way
Go ahead! ()
go about/go (a)round , to wander, to walk about
The tourists went about London.
Id like to go (a)round Africa myself.
go away , to leave
I want to be alone now. Just go away.
go back to return
We had better go back to the house. Its beginning to rain.
go by -.; -. to be
guided by
I try to go by reason as far as possible.
65
go down
1. ( , ) to go
to the country from the capital or town (to a place regarded as
less important)
I believe hes going down to Exeter for the weekend.
2. , ( ), ( ) to become
less, to be reduced (of wind, weight, price, etc.)
During her illness her weight went down from 50 kilos to 40.
The wind went down and the sea became quite calm.
go in for -., to be especially inter-
ested in; to practise, to enter (for a competition)
She plays a lot of golf and goes in for all the competitions.
This restaurant goes in for vegetarian dishes. (specializes in
them)
go off
1. , ; , to leave
My brother has gone off to college.
She went off with my friend.
2. ( , . .) to ring (alarm)
Every morning Donalds alarm went off in time for him to go
to early Mass.
3. , to explode, to fire
As he was cleaning the gun it went off and killed him.
4. . ( -.), (-.) to stop
liking sb/sth or lose interest in them
I used to eat a lot of fish but Ive gone off it a bit recently.
go on
1. ; to continue any action, to
continue a journey
He went on fighting even after I told him to stop.
66
Go on with your work.
Dont wait for me. Im not quite ready. Go on and Ill catch
you up.
2. , to happen, to take place
Something strange was going on and I wanted to know what it
was.
3. (at) ( -.), -.; -
to criticize, say repeatedly
My last English teacher was very hard to please. Every day he
went on at me about something or other.
I went on at my father to have safety belts fitted.
4. , ( ) to begin operating
The light goes on automatically.
go out
1. ( ) to leave a room, building, or other
place
Why dont we go out into the garden?
2. , , to join
in social life, leave ones house for entertainments, etc.
She is very pretty and goes out a lot.
3. to stop burning (of a fire, a light, etc.); go off
The lights went out (off).
go over
1. , , (-.) to visit sb for a short time;
go round
Im just going over to his office for a minute.
2. (-.), to examine or
check sth carefully
Go over your work before you hand it in.
67
go (a)round () -. to visit sb for a short
time; go over
Ill go round and see Nell later.
go through
1. (-.); to examine or
check sth carefully; go over
He went through Guys books to find something about Po-
land.
2. , to suffer, to endure
During the war we went through a great deal of hardships.
3. , to perform, to accomplish
He went through a lot of work last time.
It took him no time to go through the customs.
go up
1. (to) , to approach
He went up to her and asked her something.
2. , to go to
the capital, to town from the country
He used to go up to town every Sunday.
3. , ( ) to rise, increase
The price of sugar will go up 5 % at the end of this month.
go with , to match, to suit
Your handbag should go with your gloves and shoes.
1. The alarm goes ... every morning at 7 oclock. 2. The price of first-
class stamps has gone ... again. 3. The fire has gone ... . Would you like
me to light it again? 4. Whats going ... there? Theres a huge crowd.
5. Go ... the contract very carefully before you sign it. 6. Although she
had a headache, she went ... playing with her son. 7. Lots of people
68
go the cooking competition every year. 8. A bomb went ... in the
city centre last weekend. Fortunately, no one was seriously injured.
9. She went ... difficult time last winter when she lost her job. 10. The
teacher went ... my homework to check for mistakes. 11. Jane seems
to be going ... Paul. 12. You go ... and Ill follow. 13. She doesnt want
to go ... to her husband. 14. The price of oil is going ... . 15. Oil is
going ... in price. 16. Thats a good rule to go ... . 17. When are you
going ... to Scotland? 18. She went ... to get a drink. 19. She became
more and more talkative as the evening went ... . 20. Can we go ...
to Anns today? 21. She always goes her children for one thing
or another. 22. I always start the day by going ... my mail. 23. Theyve
gone ... to Brighton for a couple of days. 24. He goes ... drinking
most evenings. 25. Things cant go ... as they are. Something has
to change. 26. Manfred rang up and asked me to go ... to see him.
27. I could go ... the house as freely as I liked. 28. He went ... without
saying a word. 29. She is always indoors; she doesnt go ... much.
30. He went ... the plans again and discovered two very serious
mistakes. 31. There is a mistake somewhere: well have to go ...
the accounts and see where it is. 32. Do you go ... ... sailing? 33. S-sh!
Theres a meeting going ... next door. 34. The gun went ... by accident.
35. She goes him continually. 36. Does this jacket go ... this skirt?
37. Many Irish people went ... to America during the holiday. 38. She
doesnt go team games. 39. Thats a good rule to go ... . 40. Of
course we want to go ... some day its our country, our real home.
41. Ill go ... and tell them youre on the way. 42. I went ... to the post
office. 43. Im going ... to my sisters. 44. She went ... to think about it.
45. I went ... to the kitchen and poured my coffee. 46. It started to
rain but I had not the strength to go ... for an umbrella. 47. I thought
of going teaching. 48. She went ... to look at the flowers.
49. When I asked what was going ..., she refused to say anything.
50. She got up and went ... to her suitcase, opened it, and took out an
envelope. 51. Cigarettes are going ... in price. 52. Tom has been going
... with Kate for six weeks. 53. The lights went . 54. How long has
Jim gone stamp-collecting? 55. Lets go ... the arguments again.
56. Certain formalities have to be gone ... before you can emigrate.
57. Hes amazingly cheerful considering all hes had to go ... . 58. Go
... and think about it, then let me know. 59. Im going ... on business.
60. She hesitated for a moment and then went ... . 61. I think shes
going ... him a bit. 62. Have you a match? My cigarette has gone ... .
69
63. Lets go ... this scene again until youre sure you know it. 64. Shes
been going me for a year to buy her a new coat. 65. Lets go ...
the structures we studied last week. 66. Were going ... for a meal. Do
you want to come? 67. The light only goes ... at night.
1. ? .
2. . 3. . 4. . 5.
() . 6. . 7.
, , .
8. . 9. , .
10. . 11. . 12.
. 13. -
. 14. . 15.
, . 16.
. 17. . 18. -
. 19. . 20. ?
21. ? 22. . 23.
. ( .) 24.
(). 25. , . 26.
(, ) 1945 . 27. -
? 28. . 29. ().
30. . 31. -
. 32. , ,
. 33. ,
. 34.
. 35. (). 36.
. 37.
, . 38.
, .
grow
grow out of
1. -., , , -
. . to outgrow
Hes already grown out of his school uniform.
70
2. -.
to abandon, on becoming older, a childish (and often bad)
habit
He used to tell a lot of lies as a young boy but he grew out of
that later on.
grow up , to develop into an
adult
Their children have all grown up and left home now.
hand
hand in , to give by hand
I handed in my resignation to the employer.
Someone handed this parcel in yesterday.
hand over to give sth/sb officially or formally to
another person
He handed over a cheque for $ 1000.
He handed the weapons over to the police.
hand round ( ) to give or show
to each person present
The hostess handed round coffee and cakes.
hang
hang about , , to wait or stay near
a place, not doing very much
The kids hung about in the streets.
hang on ( ) to wait for a short time;
hold on
Hang on (for) a moment!
hang up ; -
to end a phone call and put back the receiver
Hang up your receiver.
71
have
have sth on ( -.), ( . .)
to be wearing sth
She had a red jacket on.
He had nothing (= no clothes) on.
head
head for , (-.) to move
towards
I headed for the door.
hold
hold on ( ) to wait (especially on the
telephone); hang on
Excuse me, sir, hold on Mr Smith will speak to you.
Yes, Mr Pitt is in. If you hold on for a moment Ill get him for
you.
hold up
1. , ( ,
. .) to stop, to delay (traffic, industry, work, research, etc.)
The policeman held up the traffic to allow pedestrians to cross
the road.
The bus was held up because a tree had fallen across the road.
2. ; to rob
Two masked men held up the bank.
1. You must all hand ... your projects by the end of next week. 2. If
you dont do what I ask, Ill take the money and hand it ... to him.
3. Hang ... a minute. 4. We had decided to head ... Miami. 5. Do
you mind holding ... while I find out? 6. The whole thing was held ...
72
about half an hour. 7. Hang ... Ill just see if he is here. 8. She grew
... in Boston. 9. After I hung ... I remembered what Id wanted to say.
10. Ive rather grown ... ... my taste for ice cream. 11. It cost a small
fortune and she grew it in three months. 12. He took the tray in
and handed the glasses ... . 13. He held me ... at the point of a gun.
14. They grew ... in the early days of television. 15. She had an old
bathrobe . 16. He hung all day (doing nothing).
1. , ? 2.
(after the deadline). 3. -
. 4. , ().
5. ! 6. - .
7. . 8.
. 9. ,
. 10. .
11. . 12.
. 13. () ,
.
keep
keep away (from) ; -
to avoid going near sb/sth; stay away
Keep away from the fire, the mother said to her little son.
keep back
1. , , to stay back
Keep back! ! ! !
2. , ; , to conceal
She was unable to keep back her tears.
Ill keep back nothing from you.
keep from sth/from doing sth ,
-. to resist
She could hardly keep from laughing.
73
keep sb from sth/from doing sth , -
-. -. to prevent from
I hope Im not keeping you from your work.
The church bells keep me from sleeping.
keep off
1. , to stay away
from
He told them to keep off the freshly painted benches.
Keep off the grass! (park notice)
2. , to avoid
Im trying to keep off fatty foods.
Its best to keep off politics when my father is around.
keep on -. to continue, to
go on doing sth
They kept on looking for the little girl until it got too dark.
School keeps on till four oclock.
keep to -., (
. .) to stick to
Keep to the point.
Keep to the letter of the law.
keep up
1. , to keep
sth in good condition
The car will last long if you keep it up.
2. , to maintain sth at the
same level
Something must be done to keep up the prices.
We must keep up our position.
keep up (with) , ,
-. to proceed at an equal pace
Slow down, I cant keep up!
I never quite manage to keep up with the rest.
74
knock
knock down
1. ( ); to hit and make them fall to the
ground; knock over
She was knocked down by a bus.
He knocked his opponent down three times in the first round.
2. , () to destroy a building by
breaking its walls; demolish, pull down
These old buildings are going to be knocked down.
knock off
1. , to hit sth so that it falls to the ground
A stone was placed on a brick and had to be knocked off by
another stone when it was aimed at.
2. . , , ( . .) to
stop doing sth, especially work
We knock off (work) at 5.
knock out () to hit sb so hard that he falls
unconscious
In the finals of the boxing championship he knocked out his
opponent, who was carried out of the ring.
1. I just managed to keep myself ... falling. 2. Nothing is more irri-
tating than people who do not keep ... the point. 3. I cant keep ... ...
all the changes. 4. Wages are not keeping ... ... inflation. 5. Keep ... ...
the edge of the cliff. 6. The rain kept ... all night. 7. He kept . staring
at me. 8. Try to keep ... a routine. 9. We must keep ... the deadlines.
10. Its important to keep ... the standard. 11. She can drink milk, but
she has to keep ... butter. 12. He kept ... the question of whose fault it
was. 13. I tried to keep ... the conversation. 14. He was unable to keep
... the payments. 15. They kept ... ... the forest. 16. Keep your kids
... ... those bulls. 17. He kept ... from the committee the fact that he
75
was leaving them. 18. You should keep ... playing football too much,
otherwise you wont be able to keep ... ... the class. 19. The doctor
advised him to keep ... meat for half a year. 20. Youd better keep ...
this subject. 21. If you dont keep ... the street with your bicycle, Ill
take it away. 22. Keep ... until you get to the church. 23. Well done!
Keep ... the good work! 24. The blow on the head knocked me ... .
25. Do you want to knock ... early today? 26. Lets knock ... for lunch.
27. I bumped and nearly knocked ... a person at the bus stop. 28. Id
knock the wall ... between the front room and dining room. 29. The
old man hit him so hard that he knocked him ... .
1. . 2. -
( ). 3. -
. 4. . 5. .
6. . 7.
. 8. . 9. -
. 10. ,
, . 11. ,
, . 12. -
. .
13. . 14. ! -
! 15. -
. 16. () . 17.
( ) . 18.
? 19. . 20.
. 21. . 22. -
. 23. .
lay
lay off . to make sb redundant
City workers are being laid off at the rate of 100 a week.
leave
leave out , (-.) to omit
Well sing our school song leaving out the last ten verses.
76
let
let down
1. , to lower sth
We let the bucket down by a rope.
Delia let down her beautiful fair hair.
2. , to fail to help or support sb as
they had hoped or expected
This machine wont let you down.
Sorry to let you down, but I cant give you a lift today.
let in to allow to enter
If you mention my name to the door-keeper he will let you in.
let off . ; , to
refrain from punishment
I thought that the policeman was going to fire me but he let
me off.
let out , to allow to leave, to release
He opened the door and let out the dog.
live
live off
1. -. ; -., -. to
receive the money you need to live from sb/sth because you do
not have any yourself
Shes still living off her parents.
They continued to live off the rents of their farms, as they
always had done.
2. (-.) to have a particular type of food as the main
thing you eat in order to live; live on
He seems to live off junk food.
77
live on (upon)
1. (-.) to eat a particular type of food to live;
live off
Small birds live mainly on insects.
2. ( -. ) to have enough money for the
basic things you need to live
You cant live on forty pounds a week.
live up to (, . .);
; (, ) to do as well as
or be as good as other people expect you to
He failed to live up to his parents expectations.
The team called The No-Hopers certainly lived up to its
name.
1. Please let me ..., Nick kept asking his mother. 2. Charlies never
let me ... yet. 3. Go and let them . 4. Let the blinds ... , please.
5. I promised him that you would do the work. Why did you let me
... by doing so little? 6. The ticket-collector let him ... with a fine.
7. If you are late Ill let you ... . 8. Let ... the child. Its nice out-of-
doors. 9. Let the water ... of the bath-tub. 10. Dont worry I wont
let you ... this time, I promise. 11. She was let ... with a warning.
12. She left ... an m in accommodation. 13. The film didnt live
my expectations. 14. She succeeded, to my mind, in living her
extraordinary reputation. 15. Robert had not worked for two months
when I met him, and had been living ... savings accumulated in the
previous season. 16. Hed been living ... pork pies since Monday.
17. How do you expect me to live ... 150 a year? 18.1 dont have
enough to live ... . 19. She lived ... berries and wild herbs. 20. The play
quite lived my expectations. 21. I always leave ... the difficult
exercises.
1. () . 2. ,
. 3. , ().
78
, . 4.
, . 5. , -
. 6. , ,
! 7. .
8. () . 9. -
. 10. . 11.
. 12. ( ). 13.
. 14. -
?
look
look after , , to take
care of
Whos going to look after the children while youre away?
Look after my garden.
look ahead (on sth) ; -
, to think about what is going to happen in
the future and perhaps make plans
Were trying to look ahead.
look away , (-) to
turn ones eyes away from sth so that you can no longer see it
Their eyes met and Ida blushed and looked away.
look back
1. to turn to see what is behind you
Jack turned and looked back at Ralph.
2. (on, upon sth) (), -
to think about sth in your past
The past always seems better when you look back on it.
look down on (sb/sth) ; -
, to think that you are better than sb / sth
She looks down on people who havent been to college.
look for to search
I looked for my keys all morning but I couldnt find them.
79
look forward to (-.); (-.) -
to expect with pleasure
I am looking forward to her arrival/to seeing her.
look in (on sb, at a place) , to pay a short visit
The doctor will look in again this evening.
Wont you look in on me next time youre in town?
Ill look in at your place tomorrow, but I cant stay long.
look into (), to investigate,
to examine carefully
A working party has been set up to look into the problem.
look on (upon) to watch an event as a
spectator
Passers-by simply looked on as he was attacked.
look on sb/sth as sb/sth -./-. -./ -.
to consider sb/sth to be sb/sth
Shes looked on as the leading authority on the subject.
look out to be on ones guard
Look out! Theres a train coming!
look out on (upon, onto sth) ,
(-.), -. ( , . .) to have
a view of somewhere
The room looks out on a park.
look over , -. to examine sth to see
how good, big, etc. it is
We looked over the house again before we decided to buy it.
I want to look over this manuscript again.
look (a)round
1. to turn your head to see sb/sth behind
you
She looked round when she heard the noise.
80
2. to walk round a place in order to see what it is
like
Shall we look round the Cathedral this afternoon?
look through , () to examine or
read sth quickly
She looked through her notes before the exam.
look up
1. to raise your eyes to see what is above
I suddenly looked up and saw Mr Rutland watching me.
2. -. ( , ),
to look for information in a dictionary or reference book
Can you look up the time of the next train?
I looked it up in the dictionary.
look up to sb , -. to
admire or respect sb
I really look up to my teacher.
1. I cant wait for the camping trip, Im really looking it. 2. Ex-
cuse me. Im looking ... Mount Street. Could you tell me where it is?
3. The police are looking ... last nights robbery. 4. How can we find
Lizs address? Lets look it ... in the phone book. 5. Whos going
to look ... the dog while youre away? 6. Look ... this letter to see if
there are any mistakes. 7. The students look ... ... you and admire
you. 8. Youll need to look ... four or five years. 9. It looked ... at Mrs
Bixby with bright yellow eyes, then looked ... again and carried on
eating. 10. I looked ... and saw my car moving slowly down the hill.
11. It all seems very pathetic when I look ..., but it was painful enough
at the time. 12. They are arrogant and aggressive people. They look
us. 13. I think Ill look my parents on the way home from
work. 14. Ill look the newsagents and pick up a paper. 15. Ill
look ... again tomorrow afternoon. 16. His parents looked ... with a
triumphant smile as he collected his prize. 17. They look ... him as
81
their leader. 18. Look ..., I said. Theres someone coming. 19. The
windows look the garden. 20. Will you please look... my paper
before I submit it? 21. He stopped suddenly and looked ... . 22. We
began to look ... the schoolroom with nostalgia. 23. He looked ...
the newspaper to see if there was any account of the football match.
24. He can look ... himself, you neednt worry. 25. Tracy has lost her
keys. Shes been looking ... them all morning. 26. Dont you have a
dentists appointment on Monday? Yes, and Im not looking
it at all. 27. The police are looking ... the case of the missing dia-
monds. 28. The students really looked Mr Jones. 29. If you are
not sure how to spell a word, look it ... in a dictionary. 30. Looking
my childhood, I can remember many interesting things. 31. He
looks ... me as an amateur. 32. Im not playing, Im merely loo-
king ... . 33. Ive warned you, so look ...! 34. The doctor promised to
look ... . 35. I will look him after breakfast. 36. Ill look the
club on my way to the office. 37. I want to look ... the accounts again.
38. Why do the English look everything foreign? 39. Well give
you our decision when weve had time to look ... the matter. 40. She
looks her father. 41. Youll get into trouble if you dont look ... .
42. There is a mystery about his death and the police are looking ...
it. 43. Ill look ... this evening to see how she is. 44. Perhaps one day
it will be pleasant to look ... on these things. 45. They look ... this as
an absolute necessity. 46. I dont know when the course starts but Ill
look it ... for you. 47. My sister is very ill and is being looked ... by
our parents. 48. Im looking .. a job at the moment, but its hard to
find one that is suitable. 49. We look ... this town as our real home.
50. Lets look ... the town this afternoon.
1. He , . 2.
, ,
, . 3. -
, . 4. .
5. . 6. ! -
. 7. ,
. 8. ,
. 9. , ,
. , . 10.
82
? 11. . 12.
, .
13. . 14.
. 15. . 16.
. 17. .
18. . 19.
. 20. . 21.
.
make
make for , (-.) to move or proceed
towards
As soon as she heard the babys cry she made for the pram.
make off , to hurry away, especially in order to
escape
The vehicle made off at once.
make out
1. (), (, ,
. .) to write out or complete a form or document
He made out a cheque for 100.
The doctor made out a prescription for me.
2. ; ; to manage to see sb/sth or
read or hear sth
I could just make out a figure in the darkness.
I could hear voices but I couldnt make out what they were
saying.
3. , to understand
I cant make out what shes trying to say.
Can you make out the meaning of this sentence?
4. ; to pretend
Mary has always made out that her parents were rich, but it
isnt true.
83
make up
1. , , (
, , . .) to put together, to compound
different ingredients (medicine, dinner, etc.)
The druggist made up the prescription for me.
She was at a loss as she didnt know how to make up that dish.
2. , to invent a story (excuse,
explanation)
He was a good storyteller, and used to make up tales about
animals.
3. , to end a quarrel
Why dont you two kiss and make up?
Has he made it up with her yet?
Have they made it up yet?
4. , to put cosmetics on
You need to wash, change that dress, and make up.
She spent two hours making herself up.
make up to sb for sth , ,
to compensate for
We must make up to her for what weve done.
Well make up for it.
Im sorry Im late but Ill make it up to you.
make up to -. to seek favour with sb
Nowadays politicans are making up to rich businessmen.
make up ones mind , to come to a
decision
In the end he made up his mind to go by train.
meet
meet up (with sb) . ( -
) to meet sb by chance or by
arrangement
They met up later for a drink.
We planned to meet up with them later in Florence.
84
mix
mix up , to confuse
Someone has mixed up all the application forms.
move
move in ( ) to start to live in your new home
Our new neighbours moved in yesterday.
move off , ; to start moving, to leave;
set off
The train is moving off.
move on , to go on
After three weeks in Hong Kong we moved on to Japan.
move out ( ) to leave your old home
We shall move out next week.
1. He made ... his face to look like a clowns for the party. 2. His
handwriting is so bad, I cant make ... what he has written. 3. They
finally made ... after their argument. 4.1 cant make ... whether to buy
the dress or not. 5. He has a hard time making ... his mind. 6. I dont
believe your story at all. I think you are just making it ... . 7. Isnt it
time you and Ann made ... your quarrel? 8. Most women make ...
their faces. 9. Actors have to be made ... before they appear on the
stage. 10. She released the child suddenly and he made .... 11. I made
... the corner seat and sat down gratefully. 12. The best thing now
would be to make ... the top of Brill Hill. 13. Take this prescription
to the chemists. They will make it... for you there. 14. He made ...
some excuse about his daughter being sick. 15. Have you made ...
your minds where to go for your honeymoon? 16. If you miss a les-
son, we can make it later. 17. The cat took one look at her and
made ... . 18. After the concert the crowd made ... the nearest door.
19. He opened a drawer and made... to be looking for something in it.
20. I can hardly make... the number on the door. 21. Beauty can-
85
not make stupidity. 22. Some students make ... to their teach-
ers to get good marks. 23. Tom watched his sister make ... before
her date. 24. The boy was making ... the nearest railway station.
25. I cant make ... why he allows his children to do as they like.
26. Mr Smith gave the clerk in the store some money and the clerk
made ... a receipt. 27. Mary is always making ... stories for her chil-
dren. 28. After the quarrel the two young lovers kissed and made
it ... . 29. How can I make my rudeness? 30. He mixed ... the
addresses so that no one got the right letters. 31. I have found a new
flat. The present tenant is moving ... this weekend and I am moving ...
on Wednesday. 32. They moved ... as soon as the cloud lifted. 33. The
fleet of cars prepared to move ... . 34. It happened twenty years ago.
We met ... at a wedding.
1. . 2. -
. 3. , .
4. , . 5. -
, . 6. -
. 7. .
8. . 9. .
10. . 11. .
. 12. -
, . 13. ,
. 14. -
, ,
. 15. , -
. 16. ,
. 17. ,
. 18.
. 19. ,
. 20. . 21.
. 22. ? 23. ,
. 24.
, . 25. . 26.
. 27. ! ( !) 28.
, . 29.
() . ( .)
86
pass
pass away , to die
His mother passed away last year.
pass for -.; -. to be
accepted as sb/sth
He speaks the language so well he could easily pass for a
German.
We had some wine or what passes for wine in that area.
pass off
1. , , ( , -
) to disappear, gradually to decrease in strength or
intensity
Take this tablet and the pain should pass off within an hour.
2. , ( , . .) to be
carried through well, smoothly
The concert passed off well.
3. ,
The police caught him for passing off false money.
pass sb/sth off as (/-.) to represent falsely
Hell pass me off as his sister.
pass on
1. to go on
Pass on, please!
He bowed and passed on.
2. to hand over to sb
He passed the book on to his wife.
3. to move on to another sub-
ject
They passed on to the second item on the agenda.
87
pass out , to lose conscious-
ness
The atmosphere in the hall became so stifling that two of the
women passed out.
pay
pay back
1. to repay
I must pay back the money that I borrowed.
2. (for) , to revenge oneself
Ill pay you back for this (for the harm you have done me).
pay sth in / pay sth into sth to put money
into a bank account
I paid in a cheque this morning.
Id like to pay some money into my account.
pay off ; ( -.) to finish
paying money owed for sth; repay
He had used the firms money to pay off gambling debts.
He paid off his creditors.
pay out to pay a large sum of money for sth
I had to pay out 500 to get my car repaired.
pay up . , to pay money owed in full
(there is often a feeling that the payer is reluctant)
Unless you pay up I shall tell my solicitor to write to you.
1. He tried to pass her remark ... ... a joke. 2. My head thumped so-
lidly on a rock and I passed ... . 3. The demonstration passed ... peace-
fully. 4. They passed ... to other matters. 5. He escaped by passing
himself ... ... a guard. 6. Pass the book ... to me when youve finished
with it. 7. The man lowered his eyes and passed ... . 8. Fortunately the
effects of the gas passed ... relatively quickly. 9. I passed your message
... to my mother. 10. Do you think he will pass ... a cook wearing that
88
hat? 11. Her uncle passed ... last week. 12. She could pass ... a much
younger woman. 13. When the young man heard the news, he passed
... with the shock. 14. She passed the idea ... ... her own. 15. Ill just
sit here quietly till the giddiness passes ... . 16. He passed his secretary
his wife. 17. I had a hard time getting him to pay ... . 18. Ill pay
you ... next week. 19. Ill pay him ... for making me look like a fool
in front of everyone. 20. We paid ... our mortgage after fifteen years.
21. They pay ... half of their income in rent. 22. She had paid ... good
money to send Julie to school. 23. So she fell into debt and had to
pay it ... by selling the house. 24. Im going to pay every penny of it
... to him! 25. Come on, pay ...! 26. Things might not go too well if
he didnt pay ... . 27. I felt that I would like to wake her up to pay her
... for keeping me awake. 28. He paid 100 ... his savings account
yesterday.
1. .
. 2. -
. 3. , . 4.
. 5. ,
. 6.
. 7. . 8.
. 9. . 10.
. 11.
. 12. ( )!
13. , . 14.
(in full)! 15. -
. 16. -
. 17. , . 18. , ,
. 19. (
). 20. . 21.
. 22. 300 -
.
pick
pick off , , ( . .) to remove
sth from sth
Mr Black picked off the dead flower heads.
89
pick on , ; ; to treat
sb unfairly, by blaming, criticizing or punishing them
Youre always picking on me.
pick out to choose, to select
Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best.
pick up
1. , to raise or lift a person or thing,
usually from the ground or from a table or chair
He picked up the child and carried him into the house.
He picked up the phone and dialled the number.
2. , ( -., -.) to call for, to take
someone in your car
My dad is going to pick me up from the party at midnight.
3. (-.), () to learn
without effort
Children usually pick up foreign languages quickly.
4. . / , ( , -
, ) to improve
Dads been quite ill, but hes picking up again now.
Trade has been picking up again since the winter.
When is the weather going to pick up?
5. , ( ) to save
A lifeboat picked up survivors.
6. . to arrest
He was picked up by the police and taken to the station for
questioning.
7. ( ); to buy sth, especially
cheaply or by chance
We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction.
point
point out ( -.), (-.
) to indicate, show
90
As we drove through the city the guide pointed out the most
important buildings.
pop
pop in to go somewhere quickly, suddenly
or for a short time
Why dont you pop in (= visit us) for a drink next time youre
in the area?
If youre passing by, you should pop in for a chat some time.
pull
pull down to demolish (used of buildings)
Why did they pull all those houses down?
pull in/up ; ( ) to stop
He was pulled in for speeding.
They saw a filling station and pulled in.
He pulled up at the traffic lights.
pull in/into ( ,
. .) to enter a station and stop
As the train pulled in there was a rush to get seats.
pull out
1. , ( ) to leave
a station
turned in his seat as the train pulled out.
2. , to move away from the side of the road
A car suddenly pulled out in front of me.
pull over to move to
the side of the road in order to stop or let sth pass
A green VW pulled over next to me.
91
pull off , , () to take off ones
clothes quickly
I managed to pull my boots off.
1. He picked ... my bags and took them to my room. 2. Pick ... all the
dead leaves. 3. She picked Spanish when she was living in Mexico.
4. She was picked ... by the other girls because of her size. 5. Ill pick
you ... at 9. 6. She was picked ... from dozens of applicants for the
job. 7. The weather seems to be picking ... . 8. Try this it will pick
you ... . 9. He picked ... the ripest peach for me. 10. The older men
pick ... the boys and are always looking for faults. 11. The economy is
picking ... . 12. Theyll look through the applications, theyll pick ...
the ones they like, and invite you in for interview. 13. He managed to
pick ... a few bargains at the auction. 14. If the baby starts crying, pick
him ... . 15. Ill pop ... and see you this evening. 16. The council said
it would close the flats and pull them ... . 17. Ill point him ... to you
next time he comes in. 18. They decided to pull ... at the first small
taverna in the next village. 19. As the 4.30 to Newcastle pulled ...,
there was a mad scramble to get on. 20. The patrolmen put their spot-
light on the car, and told me to pull ... . 21. I saw a bus pull ... in front
of us. 22. Her parents looked sad as the train pulled ... of the station.
23. Brian shifted forward and told the driver to pull ... . 24. Critics
were guick to point ... the weaknesses in these arguments. 25. Anne
had already kicked off her shoes and was pulling her socks.
1. , . 2. -
. 3. 7 . 4.
. 5. () . 6.
. 7. . 8.
. 9. , . 10.
,
. 11. ,
? 12. ( ) .
13. . 14. . 15. -
92
. 16. -
. 17. . 18. ()
. 19. -
(oriental) . 20. -
. 21. .
22. (). 23. ,
. 24. .
25. (the curb).
put aside
1. ( ) to place an object somewhere next
to you; lay aside
Jimmy put aside his pipe.
2. () to save money for a particular purpose
Every summer he worked hard to put aside enough money to
continue his education.
put away , to put sth in the place where it is kept
Put away your toys.
put by ( ); ; put aside
I put by a few shillings in order to buy that.
put down
1. , ( , . .) to stop holding sth and
place it on a table, shelf, etc; set down
John put his drink down on the table.
2. to write, to put on paper
Put that telephone number down before you forget it.
3. , ; , to make
humble, to lower in position, to criticize
She put me down all the time.
They mentioned his poetry only to put it down.
93
put down to , to consider that sth is caused
by sth
He put his failure down to lack of efficiency.
What do you put her success down to?
put forward , to suggest sth for discussion
The idea was first put forward by J. Good.
put in
1. (, . .),
( . .) to install
Shortly gas will be put in in every house.
2. , ( ) to interrupt another
speaker in order to say sth
He had no opportunity to put in a word for his friend.
put off (, , ) to postpone, to
delay
Ill put off my visit to Scotland till the weather is warmer.
put on
1. to dress oneself in
Put your coat on; its cold outside.
2. , , to cause to
work by pressing a switch or turning a knob; turn on, switch
on
Shall I put the fire on?
He put on the light.
3. , ( ) to become heavier
She put on over a stone.
She looks like shes put on weight.
put out , to extinguish
Put out that light.
94
put through (to) ( ) to connect by tele-
phone
We are trying to put you through.
Put me through to the director.
put up
1. to raise a hand, a sail
Those who have read the book put up your hands.
2. , ( . .) to build, to erect
He put up a shed in the garden.
3. , ( . .) to fix up a no-
tice, sign, etc. for public view
Theyve put up a notice about the alterations in the timetable.
4. (at, with) ( . .); -
, () to stay for a time; to let sb stay at
your home
We put up at a motel.
We cant put him up here.
put up with , to bear patiently
We had to put up with a lot of noise when the children were at
home.
1. He puts ... 100 a month to pay for his summer holiday. 2. When
he gave up smoking he put... nearly ten kilos. 3. Some friends put
me ... when I visited York so I didnt have to pay for a hotel. 4. The
firemen put ... the fire in less than 10 minutes. 5. I dont know how
she puts ... ... him. 6. She didnt put ... her jacket as it wasnt cold
outside. 7. Due to the storm I put ... my doctors appointment until
the following week. 8. The old man put his books ... and spoke to us.
9. She put her shopping ... in the kitchen. 10. But didnt you hear
what I said? put ... Sally Jones. 11.1 had a new lock put ... . 12. All
you have to do is put ... exactly what weve just said. 13. He puts it
95
a deep fear of change. 14. The Liberal party put ... a plan for
national recovery. 15. Why do you have to put me ... in front of ev-
eryone like that? 16. Townsend picked up the receiver and was put
... to the Laboratory. 17. We shall have to put ... a fence. 18. She put
... a large sign outside her house. 19. Dont forget to put the fire ...
before you go to bed. 20. Our monthly meeting has been put ... until
next Wednesday. 21. Put ... every name on a piece of paper. 22. The
receptionist put me ... to the managers secretary. 23. Im not going
to put ... ... their smoking any longer. 24. Shes always putting him ,
although hes a very competent man. 25. How much money can we
put ... ? 26. I put his bad temper ... ... his recent illness. 27. Its very
easy to put difficult discussions ... . 28. She took a pair of dark glasses
out of her pocket and put them ... . 29. She put her bag ... by the door.
30. The fire was put ... before the firefighters arrived. 31. We hadnt
a room to spare so we put him ... with the Browns. 32. Jim puts his
success ... ... hard work. 33. Im prepared to put ... ... it for the time
being. 34. At the end of the exam the teacher told everyone to put ...
their pens. 35. Let me put these books . 36. You never support me.
You are always putting me ... .
1. . 2. () -
. 3. ( ).
4. , . 5. -
, . 6. -
. 7. . 8.
. 9. .
10. , -
. 11. . 12. ,
. 13. . 14.
() . 15. . 16.
. 17. ,
. 18. , , . 19.
. 20. -
. 21. ,
. 22. . 23. -
. 24. -
. 25.
96
, . 26.
. 27.
. 28. . 29. -
. 30.
. 31. . 32. -
?
ring
ring off ( ), to put down
the telephone because you have finished speaking
He rang off before I could explain.
ring up , (-.) to telephone
sb/sth; phone up; call up
Ill ring you up later.
He rang up the police station.
rip
rip off ; to cheat sb, by making
them pay too much, by selling them sth of poor quality, etc.
Dont buy anything at that shop Ive been ripped off there a
few times.
rub
rub off (), to remove sth or to be removed by
rubbing
She rubbed off the dead skin.
The gold colouring had begun to rub off.
rub in
Rub the ointment well in.
rub out , to remove the marks made by a
pencil, etc. using a rubber
The child wrote down the wrong word and then rubbed it out.
97
rule
rule out to exclude
Police have not ruled out the possibility that the man was
murdered.
run
run about , - to run without direction,
here and there; run around
Ill run about a bit, I am quite chilly.
run across (sb/sth) -., -.;
-., -. to meet unexpectedly, to find by chance; come
across, bump into, run into
I ran across an old friend of mine the other day.
run after
1. -., -. to run to try to catch sb/sth
Run after him!
Mike threw the ball and the dog ran after it.
2. . , -. to try to have a romantic
or sexual relationship with sb
Beautiful women run after me and I cant resist them.
run away to escape; to get away by running
She ran away laughing up the road.
run down
1. , -. to knock someone down by
running into him with a vehicle
The careless motorist ran down two small children.
2. , (usu. predic.) to become
weak, exhausted
Youve been working too hard and look run down.
He is still run down after his illness and unfit for work.
98
run into (sb/sth)
1. , to meet unexpectedly; run
across, come across, bump into
I ran into my cousin in Harrods yesterday.
2. to collide with sth
The brakes went out of order and the car ran into a bus.
run off , to move quickly away from a place or
person; run away
The boys ran off.
run out (of) ; , to reach
the end (of a supply)
I cant give you coffee, weve run out of it.
We were rapidly running out of money.
run over , (-.) to hit sb/sth with a vehicle;
run down; knock down
Two children were run over and killed.
rustle
rustle up . , -. ; -
to make or find sth quickly for sb and without planning
We dont have much in the fridge, but I think I can rustle up
something.
1. What do you want from the shop? Well, weve run eggs, so
get a dozen. 2. Whats happened to Sams bicycle? Its in pieces! It
was run ... by a bus yesterday. 3. I ran ... an interesting article while
I was reading the newspaper. 4. When the dog barked, the child-
ren ran ... . 5. Have you heard the news? Billys in town. Yes, I know
I ran ... him this morning. 6. We needed a large garden where the kids
could run ... freely. 7. She spends a lot of time running ... wellknown
99
singers. 8. Youre probably run ..., Clarissa said. You need a holiday.
9. He ran ... from home at the age of thirteen. 10. Guess who I ran ...
today! 11. Could I have a cigarette? I seem to have run . 12. Our
neighbour was run ... by a taxi and was badly injured. 13. Weve run
flour and sugar how can I make a cake? 14. David lost control
of the car and ran ... a tree. 15. I cant do any more sit-ups. Ive run
energy. 16. The policeman ran ... the burglar for five minutes
before he finally caught him. 17. Youre extremely run ..., of course.
Im not sure that I oughtnt to tell you that you are dangerously
run ... . 18. The girl laughed and ran ... . 19. Its advisable to ring ...
first to make an appointment. 20. They cant rule ... the possibility
that he was kidnapped. 21. Ill try and rustle you ... something to eat.
22. The local shopkeepers were all trying to rip ... the tourists. 23. If
you write on the blackboard, rub it ... at the end of the lesson. 24. She
rubbed ... the dirt with her hand. 25. You forgot to rub ... your name.
26. Rub ... the pencil marks.
1. () . 2.
. 3.
. 4. () .
5.
, . 6.
. 7. -
. 8. . 9.
()! 10. . 11. -
. 12. ,
. 13.
? 14. K ,
. 15. ,
. 16. ? 17. , -
. 18. .
19. . 20. ( -
) . 21.
. 22.
. 23. ().
100
scrape
scrape through -
( ); - , to succeed in
doing sth with difficulty, especially in passing an exam
I might scrape through the exam if Im lucky.
see
see about -.; -. to make en-
quiries or arrangements about sth; to deal with
Robert went to the station to see about Thomass ticket.
Ill have to see about getting that roof repaired.
see off () to accompany a traveller to
his/her train, plane, etc.
Ill see you off at the airport.
see out to accompany sb to the door/
exit of a house/building
When guests leave the house, the host usually sees them out.
see over () to inspect a place; look round
Can I see over the flat before I make my decision?
see through , not to be deceived by
sb/sth, to understand the real nature of
She pretended that she loved him but he saw through her, and
realized she was only after his money.
see to , -., -. to take
care of
Ill see to it that the work is done in time.
The porter will see to the luggage.
1. He promised to see ... the matter. 2. We saw ... him from the start.
3. Will you see ... the arrangements for the next meeting? Dont
101
worry Ill see ... it. 4. Can you see ... it that the fax goes this af-
ternoon? 5. Do you like being seen ... by many friends or do you
prefer a quiet departure? 6. Will you see me ...? Im a stranger in this
place. 7. The engine wants seeing ... . It is not operating properly.
8. I saw ... the salesmans trick and refused to buy his goods. 9. They
came to the airport to see us ... . 10. Ill see you ... or you may get
lost in the building. 11. Will you see ... putting the children to bed?
12. Ill see ... that boy as soon as I get back. 13. All the parents were
at the railway station seeing the children ... to school. 14. Will you see
... that customer, please? 15. While Donna bought the theatre tick-
ets I saw ... the parking of the car. 16. She had learnt to see ... him.
17. Dont you worry about that. Ill see ... that. 18. She saw him ...
of the kitchen. 19. I must see ... lunch. 20. Weve seen ... two hous-
es today, but I didnt like either of them. 21. How did Edith do in
Maths? She only just scraped ... . 22. He was lucky to scrape ...
because he never did any work.
1. ? 2.
. 3. . 4.
. . 5.
, -
. 6. () , . 7.
, . 8. .
9. . 10.
.
send
send away , to tell someone to go away from
you
What are you doing here? Dont send me away again!
send for , to summon
One of our water pipes has burst. We must send for the plum-
ber.
send in () to send a report or an application to
a place where it can be dealt with officially
Send in your application in good time.
102
send off , (, ) to send sth to
a place by post/mail
Im sending the files off to my boss tomorrow.
send on ( ) to forward, to send after a
person
If any letters come for you after you have gone I will send them
on.
send out , to send sth to a lot of different
people and places
Have the invitations been sent out yet?
serve
serve up/out ( ), (, -
); to put food onto plates and give it to people;
dish up
He served up/out a delicious meal.
set
set in , ( /) to
start and seem likely to continue
Winter has set in early this year.
set off/out , to start on a journey
They set off/out at six and hoped to arrive before dark.
They set out/off for Rome.
set out , (-. ) to begin a
job, task, etc. with a particular aim or goal
She set out to break the world record.
set up
1. , ; (-. )
to establish, to start a business
An office was set up to deal with such affairs.
103
2. , , to erect; put up
They set up their tent in the middle of a field.
settle
settle down , ; , -
to become accustomed to, and contented in a new place,
job, etc.
He soon settled down in his new school.
I settled down with a book.
settle in (into) , , -
to move into a new home, job, etc. and
start to feel comfortable there
Madame gave her three weeks to settle in.
How are the kids settling into their new school?
settle up , to pay people what
you owe them
As soon as the money arrived I was able to settle up with him.
1. We had to set ... at 6 a.m. to get to the village by 2 p.m. 2. She
loves travelling, so shes decided to set ... a travel agency. 3. The rain
seemed to have set ... for the day. 4. They set ... on the last stage of
their journey. 5. In the middle of the square they set ... a big Christ-
mas tree. 6. They succeeded in what they set ... to do. 7. They serve
... far more food than could possibly be eaten. 8. Clare and I served ...
slices of cold meat. 9. He had settled ... to watch a sports programme.
10. At eight oclock he settles ...for supper. 11. And how are you set-
tling ..., Mr Swallow? 12. We settled ... last week. 13. Ill pay for the
tickets and you can settle ... with me afterwards. 14. The Grants have
lived in several parts of England, but theyd like to settle ... in Nor-
folk. 15. You must send ... your application before Friday. 16. The
director sent ... me and asked for an explanation. 17. He had sent ...
the rest of the familys belongings the day before. 18. If she sends it
to me Ill send it ... to you. 19. We sent ... a leaflet to every house-
hold. 20. Humboldt sent ... his resignation. 21. Send the beggar ... !
22. I wont send it ... just yet.
104
1. . 2. () .
3. . 4.
. 5.
. 6. () -
. 7. . 8.
. 9. .
10. , , . 11.
, . 12.
. 13. -
. 14.
. 15. ? 16. -
. 17. -
. 18. . 19. -
. 20. ?
21. . 22. -
. 23. ? 24. ,
, . 25. -
?
show
show (a)round -. ( ); -
-. (); -. -
(c ) to be a guide to sb when they visit a place
for the first time; take round
We were shown around the school by one of the students.
Has anyone shown you round yet?
show in , -. -. to lead into
a room or building
A servant came to the door and showed me in.
show off , ; , to try
to impress people by making certain qualities/ achievements very
obvious
I hate him! Hes always showing off about how much money
hes got.
He was eager to show off the new car.
105
show out -. to accompany sb to the
door
Will you show Miss Nester out, please?
show up (), to arrive at a place where
people are expecting you; turn up
I dont think he will show up now. Its nearly midnight.
shut
shut up . , to stop talking
(informal)
Just shut up and listen!
slow
slow down to go at a lower speed
The car slowed down as it approached the junction.
sort
sort out ; /;
to organize the contents of sth; to tidy sth; to organize sth
in a satisfactory way
The cupboards need sorting out.
Its up to the director to sort out difficulties like this one.
speak
speak up/out ;
to speak louder
You must speak up a little. I cant hear very well.
speed
speed up () to move or happen faster; to
make sth move or happen faster
The train soon speeded up.
Can you try and speed things up a bit?
106
split
split up (with) (), to stop having
a relationship with sb
Shes split up with her boyfriend.
stand
stand by , to help sb or be friends with
them, even in difficult situations
No matter what happens, Ill stand by you, so dont be afraid.
stand out (from) , to be excellent,
conspicuous or prominent
The book stands out from the others on the subject.
stay
stay away , ;
-., -. not to go to a particular person or place
She stayed away from school for a month.
stay behind ( -.) to remain in a
place after most of the other people have gone
You can just stay behind and do it over again.
stay in , not to go out
I feel like staying in tonight.
stay on , to remain somewhere longer
than other people, longer than in the past, or longer than you
planned
Pupils have to stay on at school till they are 16.
He had stayed on to have a drink.
stay out , to continue to
be outdoors
I dont like you staying out so late.
stay up , to go to bed
later than usual
107
He stays up every night until after one oclock preparing his
homework.
stop
stop off . , to make
a short visit somewhere during a trip in order to do sth
Well stop off for a few days in Kiev to visit our cousins.
strike
strike up , (, . .)
to begin a friendship, a relationship, a conversation, etc.
would often strike up conversations with complete strang-
ers.
1. Everybody shuts ... as soon as you mention it. 2. Oh, shut ... about
yourself! 3. He promised to come on Tuesday but he never showed ... .
4. He was afraid the others might think he was showing ... or being
superior. 5. I was showing a group of visitors ... the school. 6. Miss
Livingstone showed ... a guest. 7. Over a hundred people showed ... at
the meeting. 8. Will you show Miss Dobson ... please? 9. He was just
being shown ... as I arrived. 10. Dont show ...! 11. I will show you ...
the gallery. 12. Hes just showing ... because that girl he likes is here.
13. We stay ... almost every night and watch television. 14. Please
dont stay ... for me, I may be late. 15. My instructions are to stay ...
from him. 16. We stayed ... all night. 17. Why had she not stayed ... to
talk to them? 18. Can you stay ... after the others have gone and help
me clear up? 19. Shes staying ... at university to do research. 20. Al-
ice and I struck ... a friendship immediately. 21. On the way home I
stopped ... in London to attend a conference. 22. Bad housing and
poverty speed ... the breakdown of family life. 23. Could you please
speak ...? We cant hear you at the back. 24. I told him several times
to slow ... but he paid no attention. 25. The new clerk spent hours
sorting ... the files. 26. Julia decided that the only solution was to split
James. 27. Shes my friend and Ill stand ... her, no matter what.
28. Jim and Mary must be left to sort ... their own affairs it doesnt
108
concern anyone else. 29. After three years of marriage the unhappy
couple finally split ... . 30. The road was slippery, so Mr Jones slowed
... the car. 31. There was one episode that stood ... from the rest.
1. . 2. .
3. . 4. .
5. , . 6. ? 7.
. 8. ! 9. , ,
. 10. . 11.
. 12. ()
. 13. .
14. 20 . 15. ,
. 16.
. 17. , . . 18.
,
. 19. ,
. 20.
. 21. -
. 22. ,
. 23. ,
( )? 24. -
. 25. -
. 26. .
27. .
28. . 29. -
. 30.
? 31. . 32. -
, .
33. ?
take
take aback , ; (usu.
passive) to surprise
I was taken aback by his appearance.
109
take about/take (a)round ; -
to accompany; show round
Who is taking you about?
Ill take him around and then bring him back.
take after -.; -. to look
or behave like an older member of your family, especially your
mother or father
He takes after his grandmother; she had red hair too.
take away , to remove
Take away the garbage.
take back ; ; to return
He was taken back to his cell.
take down
1. ( , . .) to get sth from a high
place
Im going to take down the curtains today.
2. ( ); to put
down, to write down
He read out the names, and the secretary took them down.
take for -. to mistake sb for sb
I took him for his brother. They are extremely alike.
take in , , to deceive
I was taken in by his appearance.
She was taken in again by the same trick.
take off
1. , to leave the
ground
The plane takes off at six.
110
2. to remove clothes
He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.
take on ( , . .) to engage, to
hire
Is the supermarket taking on any more assistants?
They took me on because I was a good mathematician.
take out
1. to remove sth from a container or from the place
where it was
Emma opened her bag and took out a comb.
2. , ( , . .) to go to a
restaurant, theatre, club, etc. with sb you have invited
He never takes me out.
take over , ,
to succeed to; to assume control of a business,
management, duties
After the manager retired John is likely to take over.
He took the job over from his uncle.
take to
1. , ,
-. to develop a habit, to show a liking for
Theyve taken to skating together.
2. , to form a liking for
Our dog always takes to children quickly.
take up
1. ( -.), (-.) to start doing sth
He took up golf and became very keen on it.
Hes taken up jogging in order to lose weight.
2. ( . .); () to occupy (a
position in time or space)
Im afraid Ive taken up too much of your time.
The bed took up half the room.
111
1. My doctor advised me to take ... sport to help me lose weight.
2. Michael is very tidy. In that way, he takes ... his father. 3. The air-
plane took ... on time. 4. The boss asked the secretary to take ... some
notes. 5. My husband is taking me ... tonight to celebrate our anni-
versary. 6. The patient had to take ... his shirt for the doctor to exam-
ine him. 7. The waiter took ... the dishes at the end of the meal. 8. He
was taken ... when he heard the news. 9. Sam has really taken ... his
new school he loves it. 10. Many people were taken ... by the con-
man. 11. Do you take me ... a fool? 12. Is the supermarket taking ...
new assistants? 13. The airplane pilot fainted and his co-pilot had to
take ... . 14. The table takes ... very much room here. 15. If a person
once takes ... . gambling, its difficult to stop. 16. I took my son ... the
laboratory. 17. More hot coffee? She shook her head so he took the
tray ... . 18. He took ... a volume of verse. 19. The postmistress began
to take ... the message. 20. At the moment Oliver is taking a lot of
my time .... 21. I was keen to take him ... my editorial staff. 22. Hes
very musical. He takes ... his grandfather in that respect. 23. He cant
fool me! I wont be taken ... by his lies. 24. If it was hot indoors she
took ... her jacket. 25. Little Tommy loves dancing and wants to take
... ballet. 26. Recently Ive taken ... getting up earlier in the morning.
27. Id like to take you ... for a meal on your birthday to give you a
holiday from cooking. 28. The equipment is expensive and takes ... a
lot of space. 29. Even after years of close acquaintance he could take
you ... . 30. At first sight you would take him ... a football player, not
a poet. 31. I will tell you how to get to my place; you had better take
it ... . 32. The boy took ... his clothes and put on his pajamas. 33. The
dreadful sight of the accident took me ... . 34. The whole day has
been taken ... with making phone calls. 35. She took ... languages and
now speaks Chinese quite well. 36. Shes going to take ... those cur-
tains and put on different ones. 37. A helicopter is able to take ... and
land straight up or down. 38. Your daughter doesnt take ... you at all.
39. Who will take ... the leadership of the party next time? 40. She
was taken ... as a trainee. 41. H took ... duty at 8 a.m.
1. , . 2.
. 3. -
. 4. -
112
. 5. . 6. (-
) . 7. . 8.
( ). 9.
. 10. ,
. 11.
. 12. ? 13.
. 14. -
. 15. ? 16. -
. 17. , ? 18. ,
() . 19. , .
20. . 21. , , -
. 22. ,
. 23.
. 24. ( -
). 25. . 26. -
. 27. . 28.
. 29.
.
talk
talk sb into , to persuade sb to do sth
The salesman tried to talk me into buying a car.
talk sb out of , to persuade sb not to do
sth
She tried to talk him out of leaving.
talk over (), to discuss
Talk it over with your wife and give me your answer tomorrow.
tell
tell off , , to speak to sb angrily
because they have done sth wrong
Mr Black got angry and told off the boss.
think
think over , , to consider
sth carefully
Hed like more time to think things over.
113
throw
throw away to get rid of sth
I dont need that you can throw it away.
try
try on , to put on a piece of clothing to see
if it fits
I like the dress. Could I try it on?
try out , to test
First they tried it out on a small group of children.
tuck
tuck in/into . ; ( ) to eat
sth with a lot of pleasure
Well, there we are, tuck in.
Was that a helicopter? she asked, tucking into her breakfast.
turn
turn down
1. , (, , . .) to reduce the
volume, heat, noise, etc.
Please turn the volume down.
He turned the lights down low.
2. , , to refuse an offer
Why did she turn down your invitation?
He asked her to marry him but she turned him down.
turn into () -. (-.) to become, to
change into
He will turn into an excellent painter with time.
Look theyve turned the boat into a floating home.
114
turn off (, ), (),
(, ) to stop the flow of electricity, gas, water, etc. by
moving a switch, button, etc; switch off
They turned off the water while they repair a burst pipe.
Please turn the television off before you go to bed.
turn on (, , ), ,
() to start the flow of electricity, gas, water, etc. by moving a
switch, button, etc; switch on
Ill turn the television on.
turn out
1. (), (), (); turn off
She didnt turn the light out when she went out of the room.
2. to prove to be in the end
It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.
The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
turn to (sb) ( , ) -.
to go to sb for help, advice, etc.
She has nobody she can turn to.
turn up
1. , , to
appear, to arrive, to be found by chance
He turned up with a friend of his.
The book turned up in one of the boxes.
2. (, ), () to increase the
sound, heat, etc.
Could you turn the TV up?
turn over () to change position so that the other
side is facing outwards or upwards
If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep.
He turned the novel over to see the title.
1. I had to turn ... Freds invitation to his party as Ill be out of town
that evening. 2. In the famous comic strip, Clark Kent turns ... Su-
115
perman in a phone booth. 3. Youll never guess who turned ... at
Chris barbecue yesterday! 4. Could you turn ... the air conditioning,
please? Its very hot in here. 5. You can always turn ... me if youre
in trouble. 6. It was getting dark so I turned ... the lights. 7. If youve
finished, please turn the light ... . 8. The play turned ... to be a com-
plete success. 9. The car skidded and turned ... . 10. John said he was
coming at 6.00, but he didnt turn ... until 8.00. 11. When a better
job turned ..., he decided to accept it. 12. When the princess kissed
this ugly frog, he turned ... a handsome prince. 13. Vanessa turned ...
the answering machine before she left the house. 14. James was of-
fered the job, but he turned it ... because the salary wasnt very high.
15. Unfortunately, we turned ... at the restaurant just as it was closing.
16. Despite our worries everything turned ... well. 17. Who would you
turn ... if you had a problem? 18. Please turn ... the volume of the
TV its too loud. 19. I cant hear the TV. Could you turn it...?
20. He turned ... to be an old friend of Helens. 21. Were planning to
turn the spare room ... a study. 22. Some guests turned ... unexpect-
edly. 23. We offered them 60,000 for the house, but they turned
us ... . 24. The noise turned ... to be just the dog scratching at the
door. 25. The music was turned ... loud. 26. We arranged to meet her
but she never turned ... . 27. Their proposals have been turned ... be-
cause they will cost too much. 28. If the musics too loud for you,
why didnt you ask me to turn it ...? 29. Somebody forgot to turn
... the tap in the bathroom. 30. Its a bit dark in here. Shall I turn
the light ...? 31. Youll have to turn the volume ... shes a bit deaf.
32. He turned ... late, as usual. 33. The taxi didnt turn ... so we had
to walk. 34. I cant decide straight away but Ill think ... your idea
and let you know what I decided. 35. What a delight to see hun-
gry children tucking ... like that. 36. Mary put a plate of scrambled
eggs and bacon in front of Morris and he tucked ... appreciatively.
37. I didnt want to move abroad but Bill talked me ... it. 38. Youll
find it helpful to talk things ... with a friend. 39. I told the boys ... for
making so much noise. 40. He tried to talk me ... of buying such a
big car. 41. Always try shorts ... in the shop. 42. Oxford is trying
another idea to help working parents. 43. That old chair should be
thrown ... .
1. . 2.
. 3. . 4.
116
, . 5. -
. 6. .
, , , . 7. -
, , .
8. ,
. 9.
. 10. , . 11. -
. 12. -
. 13. . 14. ,
. 15. . 16.
. 17. . 18. . 19. ,
. 20. -
, , - .
21. . 22. -
. 23. ,
. 24. , . 25.
. 26. .
27. . 28. -
. 29.
. 30. - . 31.
. 32. ,
. 33. .
wait
wait on/upon , -. to attend to, serve
(at home or in a restaurant)
The man who was waiting on us seemed very inexperienced;
he got our orders mixed up.
wash
wash up to wash dishes after a meal
I didnt wash up the pans.
warm
warm (up) ; , ; to make
sth/sb warm or warmer; heat up
Ill warm up some milk.
As the climate warms (up) the ice caps will melt.
117
warm to , -. to
begin to like sb
I warmed to him in the bar.
wear
wear out
1. () to use till no longer serviceable
Children wear out their shoes very quickly.
2. , ; to exhaust
Playing with children really wears me out.
wolf
wolf down , to eat food very quickly and
greedily
I wolfed down an enormous meal.
work
work out
1. , to calculate
He worked the sum out twenty times on the adding machine.
2. (); , (-
. .) to plan or think of sth
Ive worked out a new way of doing it.
3. to find the answer to sth, to solve sth
I couldnt work out where the music was coming from.
4. ; , to prove
to be
I wonder if their marriage will work out.
5. . to train the body by physical exercise
I work out regularly to keep fit.
118
1. He expected his wife to wait ... him hand and foot. 2. When we
have dinner very late we dont wash ... till the next morning. 3. Cheap
clothes wear ... quickly. 4. Why do I feel worn ... after an ordinary
days work at the office? 5. It takes an hour or so for some children
to warm ... strangers. 6. He wolfed the food ..., bones and all. 7. Did
your plan work ...? 8. Start warming ... the soup now. 9. We are always
hopeful that a more peaceful solution can be worked ... . 10. The kids
have totally worn me ... . 11. Tell me where you want to go and Ill
work ... a route. 12. Help yourself, I say. Im not waiting ... you.
13. Calculate how much you owe each person, then work ... how
much you can afford to pay each of them. 14. We cleared the table
and washed ... the dishes. 15. He wore ... two pairs of shoes last year.
16. The arrangement worked ... rather badly for Leo. 17. She worked
... in a ballet class three hours a week.
1. ( ). 2.
. 3. . 4.
. 5. .
6. . 7. , -
. 8. , . 9.
. 10. ,
? 11. . 12. -
. 13. .
14. . 15. -
. 16. . 17.
( ). 18. . 19. -
. 20.
. 21. . 22.
. 23.
.
119
MIXED COMBINATIONS
1. Fill in the correct prepositions or adverbs.
1. I left the milk heating for too long and it all boiled ... . 2. When we
had worked ... the cost of a holiday abroad, we decided to stay at
home. 3. Ring this number and ask ... Bill (to speak to). 4. I always
mix ... the painters Monet and Manet. (confuse). 5. Ill do the shop-
ping if you see ... the lunch. 6. I asked him ... a cup of coffee.
7. I can account ... her sudden friendliness; she wants me to look ...
her parrot while she is away. 8. You mustnt answer ... like that when
your mother scolds you. 9. Workers dont always clean ... very thor-
oughly after they have made a mess. 10. Ring ... the station and find
... what time the train goes. 11. He stopped to pick ... a hitch-hiker.
12. He would like to ask her ... but he is too poor to pay for meals in
restaurants. 13. The committee left him the team as he had re-
fused to practise. 14.1 couldnt get any bread. All the bakers shops
were sold ... . 15. James was asking ... you today. He says he hasnt
seen you for weeks. 16. He wasnt walking very fast. Youll catch
him if you start at once. 17. Shell be busy seeing ... the childrens
clothes before they go back to school. 18. Ive been invited ... to
Brighton this weekend. 19. He doesnt like being seen ... .He prefers
to go to the station alone. 20. Ill see you ... when you leave. Its easy
to get lost in this enormous building. 21. If the business continues
to lose money, Im afraid well have to close ... . 22. Youd better ring
her ... and tell her youll be late. 23. Ive made a mistake; I must rub
it ... , said the child. 24. Drop ... any time youre passing, and have a
cup of tea. 25. Ill pay for both of us and you can settle ... afterwards.
26. Mothers having a holiday; we are waiting ... her for a change.
27. He rang ... angrily before I could explain why I hadnt turned ... .
28. An English husband usually helps his wife to wash ... after a meal.
29. It takes some time to settle ... to work again after a holiday. 30. She
took ... her glove so that she could show ... her diamond ring. 31. I
120
tried ... several coats but none of them suited me. 32. If you cant af-
ford it youll have to do ... it. 33. Watch ...! That man tried to take
your purse out of your shopping-bag. 34.1 pointed ... all her mistakes
but she didnt seem very grateful. 35. The Italian course started in
September and its now March. Im afraid you wont be able to catch
... ... the class now. 36. Theres no point in doing ... ... the old regula-
tions if you are going to introduce equally stupid new ones. 37. Its
your turn to make some suggestions; Ive run ... ... ideas. 38. He may
be sorry but that wont make ... ... the damage he has done. 39. Some
people can break the law and get ... ... it. Others get punished. 40. He
would get ... ... his work better if you left him alone. 41. Children used
to look ... ... their parents; now they are inclined to regard them as
equals. 42. He only puts ... ...his secretarys bad spelling because he
cant find a better one. 43. My legs are too short; I cant keep ... ...
you if you walk so fast. 44. I suppose youll look ... ... me when I tell
you I prefer kippers to caviare. 45. Ive had a busy day and Im look-
ing ... ... going to bed early. 46. It took him a long time to grow ... ...
the habit of biting his nails. 47. My room is rather dark because it
looks ... ... a blank wall. 48. Well settle ... when you produce all the
bills. 49. She goes ... ... yoga and spends ten minutes every day stand-
ing on her head. 50. He used to be very shy but he has grown ... ... it
now. 51. I can pay ... the money you lent me after Ive been to the
bank. 52. Applications for the job must be sent before next Wednes-
day. 53. We must keep ... working; its too soon to relax. 54. The ter-
rorists blew ... the railway line. 55. I had to send ... an electrician to
mend the switch. 56. After nursing the whole family when they had
flu she was completely worn ... . 57. My nephew wants to be an ex-
plorer when he grows ... . 58. As soon as the decorators have finished
work in my new house, Ill move ... . 59. You cant move into this flat
till I move ... . 60. Hes going to turn this old building ... a block of
flats. 61. My shoes wear ... very quickly since I started walking to the
office. 62. On a touring holiday you can move ... to a new place every
day if you want to. 63. The lifeboat is standing ... in case it is necessary
to take off the crew of the damaged ship. 64. Dont sit ... for me. I
shall probably be back very late. 65. The strike was called ... when the
management agreed to the strikers demands. 66. I dont care ... the
expense; I want the party to be a real success. 67. I cant account ...
the disappearance of the pictures; they were all there yesterday.
68. If passports were done (abolished), travel would be much
121
simpler. 69. You will have to allow ... some extra expenses on the
train. 70. They set ... on their camping trip with great enthusiasm.
71. When you have thought ... what I have said, you will understand.
72. He doesnt care ... continental cookery. He thinks its too rich.
73. The car pulled ... beside me and the driver asked me the way to
Piccadilly. 74. You can throw ... the packet; its empty. 75. They set ...
at six and reached their destination before dark. 76. I dont know
how she manages to care ... ten children without help. 77. My chil-
dren are picking ... English very quickly but I find it more difficult.
78. She fainted but they brought her ... by throwing cold water on her
face. 79. The teacher pointed ... several mistakes that the student had
not corrected. 80. You need capital before you can set... on your own
in any kind of business. 81. He suddenly gave ... his job and went to
Australia. 82. Dont make ... your mind at once; talk it... with your
lawyer first. 83. The room needs doing ...; its very shabby.
84. We must get the roof mended before the wet weather sets ... .
85. He picked ... all the biggest ones for himself. 86. You must carry
... the instructions on the packet exactly. 87. These boys are very po-
lite; they have obviously been well brought ... . 88. She carried ... with
her work in spite of all interruptions. 89. You can stay ... till your fa-
ther comes home and then you must go to bed. 90. Ill pick you ... at
your office and take you straight to the station. 91. Several new re-
cords were set ... at the last Olympic Games. 92. Clear ... your books.
I want to set the table for lunch. 93. You should cut ... this tree. It is
too near the house. 94. The examination was so easy that all the can-
didates handed ... their answer papers after the first hour. 95. My
plans for starting a restaurant fell... for lack of capital. 96. Our water
supply was cut ... because the pipe burst. 97. The wall was covered
with pictures of pop stars which Mary had cut magazines.
98. They wont let you ... if you arent a member of the club.
99. A heavy snowfall held ... the trains from the north. 100. If you re-
ally want to slim you must cut sweets. 101. The two brothers fell
... over their fathers will. 102. You would recover your sense of taste
if you cut ... smoking altogether. 103. Children, you must clear ... this
mess before going to bed. 104. I was cut ... in the middle of my call
because I ran money. 105. The mystery of his sudden disappear-
ance was never cleared ... . 106. I hope the weather will clear ... soon.
I want to go out. 107. Youll need somewhere to keep your books. Ill
clear ... this cupboard for you. 108. He won $ 300 and gave it all ... .
122
109. Riding is very expensive; Ill have to give it ... . 110. Ill put ... my
visit to the Royal Mint till you can come with me. 111. The roads
were crowded with people making ... the coast. 112. He gave ... all the
books he had borrowed. 113. She had invited me to dinner but she
had to put me ... as she was taken ill. 114.1 cant make ... the post-
mark on the letter; it looks like Basingstoke. 115. Put ... the light, its
getting quite light again. 116. That vase is very valuable. Put it ... be-
fore you drop it. 117. She makes ... very skillfully. She looks much
younger than she is. 118. He broke ... completely on hearing of his
daughters death. 119. He wasnt rich by any means, but he never
turned ... anyone who needed help. 120. On his way to work he called
... the florists and ordered a dozen red roses. 121. Burglars broke ...
the house and stole some jewellery. 122. Its time they made ... that
silly quarrel. 123. I turned ... the job because it was badly paid.
124. We called ... a specialist when he grew worse. 125. When the
police questioned him he broke ... and confessed. 126. Turn ... the
radio if you are not listening. 127. War broke... in 1939. 128. Can you
be ready at six? He is calling ... us to take us out. 129. Mary has bro-
ken ... her engagement to Charles. 130. She called ... for a few min-
utes to return a book. 131. The lift broke ... and we had to use the
stairs. 132.1 wish you would put ... the dishes instead of leaving them
on the table. 133. He didnt want to go to the cinema but they begged
so hard that he gave ... and went with them. 134. I dont believe that
story. I am sure you made it ... . 135.1 asked him to put ... the lights if
he was the last to leave. 136. I dont know how you put the noise;
it would drive me mad.
2. Fill in the correct prepositions or adverbs.
1. After his fourth attempt he gave ... trying to pass the driving test.
2. Heres a crash helmet. Put it ... . 3. He should try to make
his loss of sleep by going to bed early. 4. If you cant find a room
in a hotel, I could always put you ... . 5. If you want to save money
give ... eating in expensive restaurants. 6. There was a man giving ...
leaflets outside the church. 7. put ... his name for the excursion.
8. The representative of the computer company called ... all the fac-
tories in the district. 9. The situation is difficult and calls ... great
tact. 10. They broke ... their conversation when I came in. 11. The
school broke ... for the holidays at the end of July. 12. In this book
123
the mysterious stranger turns ... to be the long-lost son of the duke.
13. The firemen had to break the door to rescue the children. 14. The
garden party was called ... because of the rain. 15. He was called ... at
the age of eighteen and spent a year in the army. 16. She was plain as
a child but she turned ... remarkably pretty. 17. Mrs Jones rang. She
wants you to call her ... . 18. The family was broken ... after the death
of the parents. 19. The boat turned ... and threw us all into the water.
20. We arranged to meet at the theatre but she didnt turn ... . 21. The
three men who broke ... ... prison yesterday were later recaptured.
22. A huge crowd turned ... to see the international football match.
23. When he offered me 5,1 was too taken ... to say a word.
24. He has already run the money his father left him two years ago.
25. She took ... riding because she wanted to lose weight. 26. I cant
start the car; the battery has run ... . 27. The policeman ran ... the
thief. 28. He takes ... his mother; he has blue eyes and fair hair too.
29. He took ... going for a walk every night before he went to bed.
30. I wish we could sell the grand piano; it takes ... too much space.
31. I had to wait for permission from the Town Council before I could
go my plans. 32. He had a sandwich and a cup of coffee, then
went ... working. 33. The gun went ... by accident and wounded him
in the leg. 34. A hen ran in front of my car and Im afraid I ran ... it.
35. Youd better take ... your coat if youre too hot. 36. We took ...
each other the first time we met and have been friends ever since.
37.I ran ... an old school friend in the tube today. 38. Seeing me from
across the room, she came ... ... me, and said that she had a message
for me. 39. The early colonists of Canada went ... many hardships.
40. When his father died, Tom took ... the business. 41. He came
... a fortune last year. 42. The policeman took ... the number of the
stolen car. 43. People often take me ... my sister. We are very like each
other. 44. My neighbour is always running bread and borrow-
ing some from me. 45. Wait till prices come ... again before you buy.
46. I refuse to go ... now. Im going on. 47. If a bull chased me Id
run ... . 48. Even a child wouldnt be taken ... by such an obvious lie.
49. If she takes ... the job of director shell have to work harder.
50. He always takes ... his false teeth before he goes to bed. 51. They
have gone ... all the calculations again but they still cant find the
mistake. 52. The party went ... very well; we all enjoyed ourselves.
53. Come ... . Its far too cold to wait here any longer. 54. He wanted
to talk to me but I kept ... working and refused to listen. 55. If he
doesnt know a word he can look it ... in a dictionary. 56. Look ...
124
the baby while I am out. 57. She kept the children ... all day because
it was so wet and cold. 58. You must look ... and make plans for the
future. 59. Keep ...! he said. Dont come any nearer. 60. She went
... ... a beauty contest and got a prize. 61. The price of tomatoes usu-
ally goes ... in summer in England. 62. Im at home all day. Come ...
whenever yon have time. 63. Why dont you go stamp collect-
ing if you want a quiet holiday? 64. I have started getting up at five
a. m., but I dont know if I can keep this ... . 65. He had an unhappy
childhood and he never looks ... ... it with any pleasure. 66. Look
...! You nearly knocked my cup out of my hand. 67. Tom is looking
his first trip abroad. 68. He looks me because I spend my
holidays in Bournemouth instead of going abroad. 69. If you dont
give the children something to do, theyll be some mischief.
70. Mary wants to study medicine but she is not very clever. I dont
think she is it. 71. She didnt really know what hed been ... ... .
72. Its your birthday, so what we do tonight is you. 73. The
Cabots look us. 74. Youd better talk him his plan.
75. I havent got ... my cold yet. 76. You can look ... the house.
77. How did it come ... ? 78. Is there anyone here to wait ...
us? 79. Did you turn ... the gas? Yes, Ive just turned it ... .
80. Have you given the papers ...? Yes. Ive given them ... .
81. Chop that wood ... . 82. Leave that word ... . 83. Let him ... .
84. Fill this car ... . 85. Close the shop ... . 86. Drive the car ... .
87. Lock him ... . 88. Pick that ... . 89. Put it ... . 90. When will
they bring your article ...? 91. Why dont you call ... your mother?
92. Youve given ... the secret. 93. Ill pay you ... for this! 94. You work
and Ill look ... . 95. I waited for him, but he never showed ... . 96. Im
glad theyve done that bad law. 97. Harry puts money ... every
week for his holiday. 98. Ive decided to take ... tennis. 99. This is a
difficult problem. I cant work it ... . 100. Her new book came ... last
week. 101. She pleaded with me, and I finally gave ... . 102. I think
the rain has set ... for the day. 103. You always show ... at parties.
104. Can you turn ... the sound? 105. They are too far ahead for us to
catch them. 106. I dropped Bill and Sheila on my way home.
107. Do you get ... ... your new boss? 108. It would be best to run
away now but she could not let Jimmie ... : he needed help. 109. Alan
told her that after this, he would settle ... and marry her. 110. Madame
Maire gave her three weeks to settle ... . 111. We filled ... all the cus-
toms forms. 112. We stayed ... the whole evening, didnt go to the disco
125
at all. 113. We have been let ... our homework because of the concert.
114. Diplomatic relations were restored after being broken ... during
the war. 115. He went on sorting ... the flowers. 116. When I was told
... by my parents, it was nearly always justified. 117. I saw ... his inten-
tions at once. 118. Why dont you stay ...? 119. Why dont you take
the children ...? 120. I spent three days cleaning that flat ... . 121. It is
sometimes difficult to make ... what is said over an airport loudspeaker.
122. I asked him how he was, and how his job was working ... .
123. She had fallen ... so severely with her parents that she couldnt
go home. 124. It was an intelligence test, intended to sort ... the chil-
dren capable of attempting the papers. 125. Ill talk it ... with Len
tonight and let you know tomorrow. 126. Some people wanted to take
... my fathers oil importing business. 127. We helped to build ... the
wealth of this country. 128. The first thing to do in a crisis is to set
... a committee. 129. I have somehow mixed ... two events. 130. He
went back to the studio and tidied it ... . 131. He used ... all the coins
he had. 132. Did you pick ... any Turkish while you were in Turkey?
133. Can you pick ... the kids from school tonight? Ive got a meeting.
134. She decided to take ... medicine as a career. 135. They advised
him to plan for an election. 136. Put that cigarette immediately.
137. Can you drop me ... near the supermarket? 138. But the scheme
fell ... , despite all my careful instructions. 139. Youll wear yourself
... if you carry ... working so hard. 140. That boy wolfed ... the whole
cake, while my back was turned.
3. Put in the appropriate verb.
1. The police ... by in case of trouble. 2. Well ... off as soon as Tims
ready. 3. My favourite TV programme ... on tonight. 4. People who ...
up early dont always ... up early. 5. They decided to ... off the theatre
visit for a while. 6. Can you ... out what this sign means? 7. Please ...
after my luggage while I go to the toilet. 8. I like my job but I dont ...
on with my boss. 9. 1 suddenly ... up my mind to emigrate. 10. They
... up our office last week. It looks nice now. 11 . We ... in on Uncle
Tom when we were in Bristol. 12. Dont all go to a hotel. We can
easily ... up some of you here. 13. Hello, John. How are you ... on?
Fine, thanks. 14. If you ... for it carefully, youll find it. 15. Mike
never ... up his room. 16. The pupils ... their books away after the les-
son. 17. Could you lend me ten pounds? Ill you back on Friday.
126
18. Several boats ... over in the strong wind. 19. The boxer didnt ...
round for ten minutes after the fight. 20. He had flu for weeks, but
finally he ... over it. 21 ... . on a minute Ill fetch my pen. 22. I ...
out of money before the end of the holiday. 23. ... after my case. Ill
come and ... it up later. 24. Ill ... you up at seven oclock and well
go to the cinema. 25. Could I ... in a word at this point? 26. We ... up
sailing when we moved to Portsmouth. 27. This man is not ... out for
an office job. 28. Ill never finish in time. ... on. Of course you will.
29. This magazine ... out once a month. 30. ... on with the work or
well never finish today. 31. Shall we leave at 9 or 10? I dont mind.
It ... up to you. 32. I feel tired, but I must ... down to work again.
33. After three failures I finally ... through the driving test. 34. There
was an article in the newspaper that I wanted to out and keep.
35. I phoned John to ... out when he was coming. 36. In spite of the
cold weather he ... out without a coat. 37. I cant ... up with that noise
any longer. 38. You can watch television while I ... on with this book.
39. He ... away at the age of 80. 40. That dog ... on barking all night.
41. After stopping to ... out exactly where they were, they ... on at full
speed. 42. Janet will ... to the housework while Mother is away. 43. You
must ... round and see me when you have time. 44. My shoes are ... out.
I need some new ones. 45. Shall I ... up your glass? 46. What ... up with
John? He looks very angry. 47. Are you ready? Yes, you can ... ahead
now. 48. Smile at the new teacher and youll ... away with anything.
49. The job wont be easy without help, but well ... by. 50. John ...
up languages very easily. 51. Early next morning they ... off for Paris.
52. Be ready at two and Ill ... you up in the car. 53. After spend-
ing a week in Paris we ... for the south coast. 54. Ill ... out these
old letters and ... some away. 55. The children are ... forward to the
holidays. 56. I cant ... without a cup of coffee at ten oclock. 57. Can
I borrow your car? Ill... it back in an hour. 58. Jane was unhappy
at first, but she soon ... down in her new school. 59. Im going
now. ... on a second. Ill come with you. 60. ... on with your work.
61. Have you seen Ted lately? Yes. I ... into him at the cinema last
week. 62. I ... across your letter while I was ... up my office. 63. ...
the lights out. We must economise on electricity. 64. Whats ... on?
Is anything wrong? 65. Mary ... on John as a good friend. 66. His
writing is so bad that I cant... out a word. 67. His clothes were
covered with mud when he ... in. 68. Cant we go out somewhere?
I dont want to in all evening. 69. I must ... up my French or
127
Ill forget everything. 70. Malcolm is working hard. I hope he
can ... it up. 71. I tried to ... up smoking, but I couldnt ... it up.
72. I agreed with Peter who ... all for leaving immediately. 73. I told
the salesman to ... the suit by for me until next week. 74. It was late,
but we ... on for an hour. 75. The boss ... Bill off for working so slow-
ly. 76. Children are always in a hurry to ... up. 77. She never stops
talking. She ... after her mother. 78. If you ... through these books
youll find what you want. 79. He is a pleasant friendly man who
... on well with nearly everybody. 80. Youre really ... up with your
job, arent you? 81. Wages dont always ... up with inflation. 82. You
paid 50? They really ... you off! 83. The snow and ice ... about
a number of accidents. 84. ... in and see me next time you pass by.
85. He filled his pockets with money and ... off. 86. The soup is
too hot to eat, but itll soon ... down. 87. Children ... out of their
clothes very quickly. 88. I like the new neighbour, but I didnt ...
to his wife. 89. He likes to ... off in his noisy fast car. 90. When ice
melts, it ... into water. 91. They are all good apples. Its hard to ...
out the best one. 92. He ... out at the moment. Hell ... back in ten
minutes or so. 93. I ... up to a policeman and asked him the way.
94. Ill ... these parcels off tomorrow. 95. Its time to ... the an-
nouncement out. 96. He works too hard. Hell up with a heart
attack. 97. The man in front round and stared at me. 98. She ...
the dress on, but it was too small. 99. The assistant ... the book up in
brown paper. 100. He imitated the boss voice and ... us in complete-
ly. 101. ... out! Theres a car coming! 102. The children ... up when
father Christmas arrived, and gazed at him in wonder. 103. She said
shed meet me there, but she didnt ... up. 104. ... John here? No,
he wont ... in until ten oclock. 105. She didnt want to go to the
party, but we ... her into it. 106. A good soldier always ... out or-
ders. 107. We ... through the list again to check it. 108. You owe me
a pound. ... on, pay up! 109. Dont throw your cigarette away. ... it
out in the ashtray. 110. If the fire brigade doesnt come soon, the
whole house will ... down. 111. My room is in a mess. I must ...
it up today. 112. We ... out to dinner at Johns expense when he got
his rise. 113. We must ... out these drawers and ... away the rubbish.
114. The car ... down, so I had to walk. 115. The meeting ... up about
six oclock. 116. Friends and neighbours were ... up for military ser-
vice.
128
4. Put in the appropriate verb.
1. They ... off the game because of the weather. 2. When did you
last ... out with your husband? 3. She never really ... over the death
of her husband. 4. Daughters are good at ... round their fathers.
5. They argued and argued, but eventually George ... in. 6. Ill have
to these books back to the library. 7. I would prefer not to ...
my children up in a big city. 8. Now dont ... me down, will you?
9. Did you ... back the money you owed John? 10. He had to ...
off the interview. 11. Who do you think I ... into yesterday? 12. I
must ... about the tickets. 13. We ... off early. 14. Have you ... down in
your new flat yet? 15. They ... down his proposal. 16. Where can
I ... up all my guests? 17. Im afraid these shoes may ... out very
quickly they were very cheap. 18. Well-off people used to have
servants to ... on them. 19. I said to the shop assistant, I like this
coat; could I ... it on? 20. You wont ... on very fast with your work
if you try to watch television at the same time. 21. I heard two men
planning to break into a house. What should I do? You should ...
on the information to the police. 22. Someone is following us!
Never mind; ... on walking and pay no attention. 23. The train
leaves at eight tomorrow evening. Will you come and ... me off?
24. He doesnt ... on with his family. Thats why he doesnt live at
home. 25. The plane ... off at seven and climbed rapidly into the
stormy sky. 26. English people have to ... up with English weather.
27. The party didnt ... up till 3 a.m. and the guests left very noisily.
28. If you want a new passport you must... up this form. 29. He wast-
ed two weeks and tried to ... up for it by working madly the last day.
30. When war ... out, prices usually ... up. 31. He dictated and I ...
it down in shorthand. 32. I ... over the accounts several times but
couldnt find the mistake. 33. What a terrible journey! We ... down
twice on the way home. 34. The police caught one thief but the
other ... away. 35. We are spending too much; well have to ... down
our expenses. 36.1 cant... out who it is. He is too far away. 37. I cant
believe you ... those tickets away. 38. To her surprise she found that
all the dishes had been washed and ... away. 39. I left lots of messages
for Sue but she never ... me back. 40. Im nervous about using the
washing machine in case it ... down again. 41. Even if youve smoked
all your life, its never too late to ... down or stop. 42. ... me down,
Mummy! 43. Its a good idea to ... in two hours before your flight
129
is due to leave. 44. Will you ... the kids up on your way into town?
45. 1 know things seem bad, but life must ... on. 46. I didnt have
a key, but luckily someone was there to me in. 47. Id like ...
on with my composition. 48. My trip to London didnt ... out
the way Id planned. 49. She cant walk properly she keeps
... over. 50. Jack was walking fast, but I ... up with him. 51. Jill ...
round last night and stayed for hours. 52. The bus stopped to let
more people ... on. 53. If anyone ... Sonia off, she goes and hides
in her room. 54. Work on your own and ... down the answers to these
questions. 55. Jack doesnt ... after his father at all. 56. Ive never
... across anything like this before. What is it? 57. We were ... up by
the sound of breaking glass. 58. I closed the window and ... up the
heating. 59. Theres a crisis at the office and they need me there
to ... it out. 60. ... on a minute, I need to get my coat. 61. The TV
set ... on, but the sound had been ... off. 62. You have to ... in a
registration form before you can use the library. 63. He realised he
was driving too fast and began to ... down. 64. Looking for a place
to live has ... up all my time recently. 65. Why did you down such
a good offer? 66. She ... the book over and read the notes on the
back cover. 67. My mother is living with us now, which is ... out well.
68. Please try not to ... the baby up. Ive only just got him to sleep.
69. I cant hear the radio. Can you ... it up? 70. I cant out if its
a man or woman over there. 71. If you want to lose weight, try to ...
down on fatty snacks such as crisps. 72. Jack had ... down with his
new wife in a small town near London. 73. Why did you ... down the
invitation to Kate and Joes wedding? 74. My pride was hurt, but Ill ...
over it. 75. The thieves robbed the store and then ... it up. 76. Im go-
ing to tell his parents what he ... up to. 77. She ... the letter away with-
out reading it. 78. I put the radio on loud, but Dad shouted to me to
... the volume down. 79. Are you ... forward to the wedding? 80. Has
she ... you in yet? 81. He ... in the truck and ... off. 82. The farm is
often completely ... off in the winter. 83. The taxi didnt ... up so
we had to walk. 84. He says its a nuisance but he can ... up with it.
85. She loves singing and even ... up her own songs. 86. Youll have
to ... up, Im afraid. Mrs Newton is rather deaf. 87. His false iden-
tity papers ... him away. 88. Joe is ... up their number in the phone
book. 89. Im sorry to be so slow. Am I ... people up? 90. My father
and I both like climbing so I ... after him in that respect. 91. Jack ...
for his name on the list but couldnt find it. 92. ... in the blanks with
130
the correct word or phrase. 93. No one knew why Ray had ... off
all contact with his family. 94. Is this where we ... off? 95. The bus
was so full that he couldnt even ... on it. 96. The public meeting
gave us a chance to ... out what was ... on. 97. I cant see that. I havent
... my glasses on. 98. Dad often ... us off about watching too much
TV. 99. The drivers door opened and an elderly woman ... out.
100. They ... out for nearly a year, but theyre not together any more.
101. They tried to ... out the fire themselves. 102. Why has that car
stopped? Its .. . out of petrol. 103. These children seem to ... on their
teachers as their enemies. 104. She ... off before I could ask her name.
105. I cant ... out how you got here so quickly. 106. I havent seen
you for weeks. What have you ... up to? 107. He has just ... up with
his girlfriend. 108. Some couples ... off having children until they are
older. 109. I went shopping to ... myself up. 110. Oh, ... up! Stop be-
ing childish! 111. The car struck the wall and ... over.
5. Fill in the correct particle(s).
1. If you are seen stealing that
car the police will be ... you.
2. What are the children ... ?
They are very quiet.
3. We are ... bad weather this
week.
4. I hope nobody disturbs me;
my favourite television pro-
gramme will be ... in five
minutes.
5. I have broken my leg skiing,
so I will be ... work for two
months.
6. If they are late for the meet-
ing again I will be ... with
them.
7. If you press the wrong but-
tons, the machine will break
... .
1. after, back, for, through
2. up, up to, against, over
3. away, on at, in for, over
4. out, off, after, on
5. over, at, back, off
6. over, through, out of, off
7. down, in, off, through
131
8. School breaks ... for Easter
on 2nd April.
9. The robbers used iron bars to
break ... the bank.
10. When she was told her mum
was in hospital she broke ... .
11. The troops managed to break
... the enemy lines.
12. Sheila broke ... her engage-
ment last week.
13. A fire broke ... just as we we-
re leaving the match.
14. By stealing, Mark brought ...
his dismissal from work.
15. The music brings ... happy
memories.
16. We managed to bring him
... by splashing his face with
water.
17. The author will bring ... his
new novel soon.
18. They had to call ... the foot-
ball match because of the
weather.
19. My boss is calling ... us to-
night at 8 oclock.
20. This situation calls ... imme-
diate action.
21. I didnt mean to buy so much
but I got carried ... .
22. The police are carrying ... an
investigation into the cause
of Andrews death.
8. out, up, down, off
9. in, into, through, away
10. down, off, through, in
11. off, down, through, over
12. in, up, out, off
13. out, down, into, off
14. down, about, off, over
15. to, back, out, along
16. about, round, together, on
17. in, about, to, out
18. back, in, off, out
19. on, to, back, up
20. over, for, out, in
21. off, on, away, out
22. over, out, off, through
132
23. I dont feel well but Ill carry
... working anyway.
24. Despite the difficulties, we
managed to carry ... the
project.
25. I came ... my old photo al-
bum while tidying up.
26. I feel terrible! I must be com-
ing ... the flu.
27. When Sallys uncle died, she
came ... a small fortune.
28. The details of the corruption
scandal eventually came ... .
29. If you dont pay your water
bill, your water supply will
be cut ... .
30. Im not cut ... working in an
office.
31. You must cut... the amount
of sugar you consume.
32. The village was cut ... for
days because of the snow.
33. Most countries have done ...
the death penalty.
34. Im really thirsty. I could do
... a drink.
35. Im afraid youve fallen ...
with your schoolwork.
36. He fell ... her at first sight.
37. They got ... the stolen
goods.
38. Ann is getting ... her collea-
gues.
23. on, off, away, over
24. over, away, off, on
25. at, by, down, across
26. up, down with, out, through
27. by, up, with, to, into
28. in, off, out, round
29. across, off, back ,in
30. out, out for, up, to
31. into, in, off, down on
32. off, out, up, to
33. out, away with, with, up
34. up, with, out, in
35. for, in, behind, through
36. through, out, for
37. off, on, through, away with
38. on, on with, by, round
133
39. I dont understand what you
are getting ... .
40. He always gets ... me by buy-
ing me presents.
41. I tried to call you last night
but I couldnt get... you.
42. Get ... the train quickly, be-
fore it leaves.
43. Her secret was given ... by
her friend by mistake.
44. He has tried to give ... smok-
ing twice.
45. When milk turns sour, it
gives ... a horrible smell.
46. They were forced to give ...
to the enemy.
47. Ricky went... the flu.
48. My aunt has gone ... that pop
quiz.
49. The fireworks went ... at
midnight.
50. The detective carefully
went... the facts with the wit-
ness.
51. The film was so sad she
couldnt hold ... her tears.
52. I was asked to hold ... while
Mr Smith was fetched to the
phone.
53. We were held ... on the mo-
torway for three hours.
54. Cindy kept... information
from the police.
39. in, at, through to, out
40. off, round, up, on with
41. on, over, across, through to
42. round, up, with, on
43. out, away, up, off
44. away, off, up, out
45. in, up, off, to
46. in, back, off, out
47. down with, up, over, away
48. along, back on, in for, by
49. into, off, on, out
50. away, by, back on, over
51. down, back, off, on
52. to, with, down, on
53. back, up, to, over
54. in, out, back, on
134
55. My boss told me to keep ...
the good work.
56. You have to keep ... a word
limit of 200,the teacher
said.
57. He warned them to keep ...
the freshly painted benches.
58. Darren was let ... by the judge
as this was her first offence.
59. Vicky was often let ... by her
forgetful sister.
60. Could you please look ... this
contract? If you agree, sign
it.
61. Ann has a nanny to look ...
her children while shes at
work.
62. Look ... all the unknown
words in the dictionary.
63. Look ... this magazine and
find the problem page.
64. She looks ... everyone who
hasnt been to college.
65. We are all looking ... Christ-
mas.
66. We must look ... this prob-
lem and find out its cause.
67. Without my glasses I can
hardly make ... the words on
this page.
68. She must have made ... that
story; it cant be true.
69. They didnt make ... after
their quarrel.
55. out, up, after, at, on
56. from, off, to, at
57. off, back, on, in
58. off, down, in, on
59. into, in, up, down
60. out, over, in, up
61. out, over, into, after
62. round, to, up, up to
63. through, out, on, for
64. into, onto, down on, in
65. back, on, forward to, up to
66. up to, on, out, into
67. for, out, off, up
68. up, up for, for, over
69. up, for, off, over
135
70. He bought her some flowers
to make ... his bad behav-
iour.
71. His grandmother passed ...
in March last year.
72. At the party he passed him-
self... a rich businessman.
73 Help me to a seat;I think Im
going to pass ... .
74. Dont worry, Im going to
pay him ... for what he did
for you.
75. Pull yourself ... and stop be-
having like a child.
76. The train pulled ... at the sta-
tion 20 minutes late.
77. We arrived just in time to see
the train pull ... the station.
78. We put ... $300 to buy Christ-
mas presents.
79. Wed better put ... our meet-
ing until tomorrow; Im busy
now.
80. The firemen tried hard to
put the fire ... .
81. Could you put me ... to the
manager, please?
82. I cant put ... those children
any longer. Theyre very
noisy.
83. Our flight was delayed, so
the airline company put us
... in a hotel for the night.
70. up for, off, up, over
71. away, by, off, over
72. out, through, off as, by
73. off, up, out, back
74. down, back, up, off
75. together, in, down, out
76. back, down, out, in
77. off, in, out of, from
78. down , aside, in, on
79. off, in, on, up
80. back, in, down , out
81. through, on, forward, by
82. down, up with, on, off
83. out, up, off, in
136
84. He ran ... his old friend,
Tom, in Oxford Street last
week.
85. Weve run ... sugar; could
you go and buy some?
86. Steve ran ... my skateboard
with his motorcycle.
87. If youd like to take a seat,
Ill see ... changing your
ticket.
88. I took my parents to the air-
port and saw them ... .
89. He tried to convince us he
was an actor but we saw ...
him.
90. You clear the table and Ill
see ... the washing-up.
91. Make sure you see ... the
property before you agree to
buy it.
92. The cold weather has finally
set ... .
93. They set ... at 5.00 in the
morning and returned at
9.00 in the evening.
94. He decided to set ... his own
business.
95. Don t worry. I will stand ...
you if you get into trouble.
96. Sheila has taken ... her
mother in looks. Theyre
very alike.
97. I was taken ... completely by
all his lies.
84. up, in, across, through
85. in, off, out of, on
86. after, out, of, over
87. off, about, for, into
88. out, over, off, to
89. to, about, for, through
90. for, to, with, at
91. to, over, out, about
92. about, down, in, up
93. out, to, back, by
94. up, back, off, to
95. out, by, for, up
96. away, for, after, off
97. on, in, down, out
137
98. When he retired, he took ...
collecting postcards.
99. She took my mother ... the
headmistress.
100. He took ... the company
when his father died.
101. We were taken ... by his
rude behaviour.
102. Passengers are not allowed
to use their mobile phones
while the plane is taking ... .
103. Can you turn ... the radio;
its too loud.
104. In a crisis, I always turn ...
my father for help.
105. We were surprised when
John turned ... at Anns
wedding.
106. They turned the attic ... a
playroom.
107. Turn ... the page and start
reading silently.
108. I turned my chair ... to face
the fire.
109. Your shoes are worn ... .
Youd better buy a new pair.
110. It took me a long time to
work ... the solution to my
problems.
111. Ronald called in at the bank
to pay his first cheque ... .
98. out, to, back, up
99. off, for, aback, in
100. out, over, up, back
101. aback, to, away, down
102. off, after, over, up
103. on, off, in, down
104. away, on, in, to
105. up, in, off, down
106. on, to, into, out
107. over, up, out, on
108. over, round, down, off
109. in, out, on, off
110. on, out, up, down
111. out, back, in, for
138
2. Joe met his ex-boss at the conference today.
into Joe ... at the conference today.
3. The puppy was digging holes in the garden, trying to find the bone
he had buried.
looking The puppy was digging holes in the garden ... he had
buried.
4. When you go camping, always remember to stop the camp fire
from burning before you go to sleep.
out When you go camping, always remember to ... before
you go to sleep.
5. Why didnt the security guard chase the thief?
run Why didnt the security guard ... the thief?
6. Samantha inherited an enormous amount of money when her
aunt died last year.
came Samantha ... of money when her aunt died last year.
7. It was such a cold day that I wore my woollen hat and gloves.
on It was such a cold day that I ... and gloves.
8. Do you know when school stops for Easter?
up Do you know when ... Easter?
9. Cathys application wasnt accepted because she had very little
experience.
turned Cathys application ... had very little experience.
10. I stopped drinking coffee as it was bad for my stomach.
gave I ... coffee as it was bad for my stomach.
6. Complete each sentence with two to f ive words, including
the word in bold.
1. With her gorgeous blue eyes, she really looks like her mother.
takes With her gorgeous blue eyes, she really ... her mother.
139
11. Someone revealed the companys plans for the new project.
gave Someone ... the companys plans for the new project.
12. How can you bear so much traffic noise?
put How can you ... traffic noise?
13. Charles cheated in his exams, and didnt get caught.
got Charles cheated in his exams, and ... it.
14. Our supplies of drinking water have come to an end; we need to
refill the bottles.
given Our supplies of drinking water ...; we need to refill the
bottles.
15. The oven is emitting a smell of gas; there must be a leak.
giving The oven ... a smell of gas; there must be a leak.
16. I visited a few friends while I was in Manchester.
called I ... while I was in Manchester.
17. What are you trying to say?
getting What...?
18. Although United were losing 3:0, they refused to admit defeat
and continued trying.
give Although United were losing 30, they refused ... and
continued trying.
19. He was surprised when he heard Lindas speech.
taken He was ... heard Lindas speech.
20. Paul doesnt really like his new job.
taken Paul ... his new job.
21. Im tired of living in a flat I want to buy a house.
fed Im ... in a flat I want to buy a house.
22. Do you have a good relationship with your colleagues at work?
on Do you ... your colleagues at work?
140
23. The thieves escaped without being punished for the robbery.
with The thieves ... the robbery.
24. Its time for John to start revising for the exam.
down Its time for John to ... revising for the exam.
25. I must go to the dentist, and get my teeth taken care of.
seen I must go to the dentist ... to.
26. The telephone was disconnected because I forgot to pay the bill.
cut The telephone was ... I forgot to pay the bill.
27. Have you recovered from your operation?
got Have you ... operation?
28. They removed two chapters from the book in order to make it
shorter.
cut They ... from the book in order to make it shorter.
29. He didnt fulfil his threat.
carry He ... his threat.
30. The house proved to be a good investment, didnt it?
turned The house ... a good investment, didnt it?
31. The car has stopped working we must get it repaired.
broken The car ... we must get it repaired.
32. Laura has become too old to play with dolls she plays computer
games instead.
grown Laura has ... with dolls she plays computer games in-
stead.
33. Lets postpone the meeting until tomorrow.
put Lets ... until tomorrow.
34. She used cold water to make him regain consciousness after he
fell.
bring She used cold water to ... after he fell.
141
35. A bus collided with a lorry last night.
ran A bus ... last night.
36. Everyone left the building when the fire alarm rang this morn-
ing.
went Everyone left the building when ... this morning.
37. The doctor advised him to reduce his consumption of fatty
foods.
cut The doctor advised him to ... fatty foods.
38. Im sorry to interrupt, but I need to ask a question.
cut Im sorry ... but I need to ask a question.
39. After the meeting, I continued correcting the essays.
carried After the meeting, I ... correcting the essays.
40. Terry refused the invitation because he was going on a business
trip.
turned Terry ... because he was going on a business trip.
41. That group has just produced a new album.
bring That group ... a new album.
42. While the meeting was in progress, Jill was taking notes.
going While the meeting ..., Jill was taking notes.
43. She has experienced a lot of personal problems this year.
gone She ... a lot of personal problems this year.
44. I cant tolerate his bad behaviour any longer.
up I cant ... his bad behaviour any longer.
45. This sofa becomes a bed.
turns This sofa ... a bed.
46. John arrived two hours late for the meeting.
turned John ... late for the meeting.
142
47. Please reduce the volume on the CD player I cant concen-
trate.
turn Please ... on the CD player I cant concentrate.
48. The prisoner escaped from the prison through a secret tunnel.
broke The prisoner ... the prison through a secret tunnel.
49. Julies friend looks after the dog while she is on holiday.
cares Julies friend ... while she is on holiday.
50. Someone entered the building illegally during the night.
broke Someone ... building during the night.
51. When you become an adult, what do you want to do?
grow When ... what do you want to do?
52. Charlie has become too big to wear those trousers.
out Charlie ... those trousers.
53. She dressed herself in her new clothes as soon as she got home.
put She ... as soon as she got home.
54. Quite by chance, Brenda met Philip at the station.
run Brenda ... at the station.
55. Do you have a good relationship with your in-laws?
get Do you ... in-laws?
56. Mary stopped eating chocolate as she wanted to lose weight.
gave Mary ... as she wanted to lose weight.
57. Alison looks like her mother.
taken Alison ... her mother.
58. Before the plane left the ground, we fastened our seatbelts.
took Before the plane ... we fastened our seatbelts.
59. The old man wasnt deceived by the salesman.
taken The old man ... by the salesman.
143
60. The burglar escaped even though the police chased him.
got The burglar the police chased him.
61. After the man left my office, I continued typing the reports.
with After the man left my office, I ... typing the reports.
62. The village was isolated after the storm.
cut The village ... the storm.
63. Jack and Sally ended their relationship six months ago.
broke Jack and Sally ... months ago.
64. John has gained weight recently, hasnt he?
put John ... weight recently, hasnt he?
65. My friend let me stay at her house last weekend.
put My friend ... last weekend.
66. Heavy rain caused the accident to happen.
brought Heavy rain ... the accident.
67. We havent got any apples left, so I cant make a fruit salad.
run We ... apples, so I cant make a fruit salad.
68. John secretly escaped from boarding school and his parents were
very worried.
ran John ... and his parents were very worried.
69. Im afraid we have encountered some problems in the production
of this car.
run Im afraid ... some problems in the production of this
car.
70. The price of oranges has increased now that theyre out of sea-
son.
gone The price of oranges ... now theyre out of season.
144
7. Complete these dialogues with the phrasal verb and
a pronoun.
e. g. A: Has Mary put her hat on?
B: Yes, shes put it on.
1. A: Who brought up the children?
B: Their uncle ... .
2. A: Did you cross out the wrong words?
B: No, the teacher ... .
3. A: When do we have to give in the homework?
B: We have to tomorrow.
4. A: Can you pick Sally up after school?
B: OK, Ill ... on my way home.
5. A: Children, can you put your toys away now please.
B: Cant we ... later?
6. A: Has somebody put the lights on?
B: I think Joes ... .
7. A: When did they knock down the cinema?
B: They several months ago.
8. A: Look at this skirt! How can I get the ink off?
B: I think the only way to ... is to take it to the cleaners.
9. A: Somebodys rubbed out my name.
B: Well, I havent ... .
10. A: Sally and Pete have broken off their engagement.
B: Oh! When did they ...?
8. Replace the words or phrases in italics by phrasal verbs.
Some of the sentences may sound awkward as they stand.
1. Can he give a good explanation for his extraordinary behaviour?
2. He mended the tyre of his bicycle and then filled it with air. 3. They
were having a violent quarrel but stopped suddenly when I came in.
145
4. The meeting was cancelled because of the flu epidemic. 5. If you
refuse to perform my orders youll be dismissed. 6. I dont think you
can overtake them; they left two hours ago. 7. Sherlock Holmes was
often able to solve a mystery without leaving his rooms in Baker Street.
8. I found a twenty-pound note by chance in the street. What should
I do with it? 9. If my scheme had succeeded, I should have made a
profit of a thousand pounds. 10. He recovered consciousness when the
doctor had applied artificial respiration. 11. He swore to revenge him-
self on me for the wrong I had done him. 12. Three thousand students
are candidates for the examination every year but very few pass.
13. My sister promised to sing at the concert and though she doesnt
want to now, she cant free herself from the obligation. 14. If cigarettes
get any dearer, I shall have to abandon the habit of smoking. 15. Pric-
es always increase; they never become less. 16. The police investigated
the case very thoroughly but finally said there was no suspicion of
foul play. 17. He started his journey in a great hurry. 18. He needs
more exercise; he should start playing tennis. 19. It is difficult to train
children well. 20. The train was delayed by fog and arrived late.
21.I waited for her for ages but she didnt come. 22. She is good at
languages. She learnt Spanish without effort in a few months. 23. It is
your responsibility to make success of your own life. 24. Dont walk on
the grass. 25. He dictated so quickly that his poor secretary couldnt
go as fast as he did. 26.1 hit him so hard that he fell unconscious.
27. If I dont punish you this time, will you promise never to do it
again? 28. She was very upset over her failure but now she is recover-
ing from it. 29. You mustnt omit the difficult sentences; do them all.
30. She kept asking me all the difficult words instead of searching for
them in a dictionary. 31. I took the children to the zoo today to com-
pensate for the party they missed yesterday. 32. Students of English
often confuse the words lie and lay. 33. If you dont allow me to
enter Ill break down the door. 34. The line was so bad when I tele-
phoned him that I couldnt understand what he said. 35. Will you take
care of the garden while I am in hospital? 36. I dont believe a word
of his excuse; Im sure he invented it. 37. Hes had the best doctors
available but he wont recover unless he has the will to live.
38. Be careful! The trees going to fall. 39. Never postpone till tomor-
row what you can do today. 40. He dressed himself in uniform for the
occasion. 41. He keeps hearing strange footsteps in the house, so he
has hired a private detective to investigate the matter. 42. Whenever
you are in Paris do go and visit my sister. 43. The Albert Hall was
146
erected in memory of Queen Victorias husband. 44. I cant offer hos-
pitality to you all because my flat is too small. 45. Suppose you tele-
phone the station and ask them. 46. She is in poor health after working
for three years without a break. 47. The village is so small that we are
always meeting our friends accidentally. 48. Peters leaving. Why dont
you apply for his job? 49. There is something wrong with the televi-
sion set; wed better summon an electrician. 50. Im feeling rather
tired today because I stayed out of bed later than usual last night.
51. He lost his reputation and all his money but he had good friends
and they continued to support and help him. 52. The father was thor-
oughly dishonest and the son resembles him. He has already been in
the courts for stealing. 53. He started playing golf as he thought it
would help him socially. 54. I used to believe his tall stories; now he
rarely succeeds in deceiving me. 55. It is silly to abandon a good job
like yours, just because you dont like the coffee in the canteen.
56. They rejected her application because they preferred a man for
the job. 57. Take a pencil and paper and calculate how long it will
take us to reach London from here. 58. He undertook evening work to
make some extra money but at the end of the year he was completely
exhausted, and had to abandon it. 59. The manager is to turn up be-
fore long and youd better be available for another half an hour.
60. I could hardly exchange a couple of words with him. A minute
later he was gone. 61. Well, weve been invited to. You are to decide.
62. You neednt worry about his absence. Hell be home before the
train starts. 63. When educating children we ought to implant in our
children a love of work. 64. You neednt come and collect your laun-
dry. It will be delivered to you. 65. When you are out will you go to the
Post Office and see if there are any letters for me? 66. They had to
cancel the meeting as the president was ill. 67. Having settled down in
the town the Woods began paying visits to their neighbours.
68. It usually takes me fifteen minutes to remove the dishes from the
table and wash up. 69. When summer set in Mr Brown removed all the
things from the veranda and put in camping beds for the children to
sleep in. 70. Lets go. We are behind as it is. 71. The article is too long.
Would you make it shorter by, say, 500 words? said the editor.
72. I was in the middle of telling him about my mothers letter when
we were disconnected. 73. Youll have to pay if you want to get your
flat painted and decorated. 74. We have heard that he quarrelled with
his family over some political issues and left for good. 75. Though the
picture was not a genuine Rembrandt, we liked it at once. 76. The
147
soup is boiling over. Will you reduce the gas, please? 77. They are sure
to engage him. He is a good worker. 78. You must get rid of this large
sideboard; it occupies too much room. 79. All the time of the lesson
was filled up with the discussion of three questions. 80. He invites her
to places nearly every evening. 81. Youd better take your prescription
to the chemist and hell compound the medicine. 82. You may think I
have invented this news. But I pass it on to you for what its worth.
83. Please continue your report. You shouldnt cut it down for my
sake. 84. The cardigan doesnt match your skirt. 85.1 searched for his
number in the telephone book. 86. In trying to avoid injuring the
children, the car collided with the bus. 87. When the guests are leav-
ing the host usually accompanies them to the door. 88. He tried to get
round me but I discovered his plan. 89. She promised to attend to the
food for the picnic and asked us to arrange about the tickets. 90. You
ought to start a laboratory going where you can carry on experiments.
91. She had a passion for gardening. It is her pastime now. 92. His of-
fence is grave this time and he wont escape punishment. 93. She is a
very agreeable person by nature and she is on good terms with every-
body. 94. He didnt want to go to the cinema but they begged so hard
that he yielded to their desire and went with them. 95. He returned all
the books he had borrowed. 96. Dont you try this game on me, you
wont deceive me. 97. I dont think I could ever get to like what is
called abstract art. 98. Why, havent you got connected? No, Ive
been trying for about an hour but got nowhere. 99. Dont worry
about the frog. It cant escape from the jar I put it in. 100. You should
be very careful with her. She is just recovering from a bad heart attack.
101. The girl certainly has winning ways, she persuaded everybody
beginning with the director himself. 102. He seemed so ungrateful for
anything we did that we have ceased trying to help him. 103. Whats
happening next door? 104. Work on the building had been delayed by
bad weather. 105. Little Hans could not make progress at an equal
pace with the miller who was riding a horse and soon Hans fell be-
hind. 106. Its like searching for a needle in a haystack. 107. Why
dont Peter and Polly make friends again? Theyd like to, but unfor-
tunately they cant remember what they quarrelled about. 108. Iwould
not advise young girls to apply cosmetics. The less make-up the better.
109. Im head over ears in work now and Id rather get them to post-
pone their visit to us. 110. Dress yourself in this woollen sweater.
It will keep out the cold. 111. When the firemen came the house was
all in flames and they could do nothing to extinguish the fire.
148
112. Hallo, shouted the man. Operator, will you connect me with
the hospital? 113. The plane had a forced landing as they had come
to the end of fuel. 114. At Hyde Park Corner Soames met by chance
George Forsyte, very sunburnt from racing. 115. I got to like him at
first sight. 116. If I were you I wouldnt take up this sport. You look
quite exhausted after every training. 117. Ann is someone I really re-
spect. 118. Im saving up to buy a new house. 119. The government
refused to yield to the demands of the terrorists. 120. We offered them
100,000 for the house but they refused our offer. 121.I cant calculate
how much the whole trip will cost. 122. When do you think your
book will be published? 123. The plane is going to leave the ground.
124. I think you invented this story. 125. I think Matthew and Emma
have quarrelled. 126. The traffic was delayed by road works.
9. Study and practise. Note the use of phrasal verbs.
Modern-Day Thieves Pick Up the Habits of the Past
In modern day York, thieves often throw away empty purses and
wallets. By observing this habit, archaeologists have cleared up a mys-
tery.
We often wondered why there were so many empty purses dat-
ing from the 13th century on this site, one of the archaeologists said,
Then suddenly we found out why.
Mr Nick Pearson, the senior archaeologist, said to reporters
yesterday: Every Monday when we came back to the site after going
away for the weekend, we found empty purses and wallets which had
been thrown over the fence round the site.
They had obviously been stolen from people in the area. The
thieves had run off and taken out the credit cards and cash, they didnt
want the purses and wallets, so they threw them away. It seems that
criminals havent changed much in 700 years!
Not Only Red in the Face
Ken Rose is a company director and he has to sit at a desk all
day. He likes to keep fit by running to work every morning. He arrives
149
at the office early, gets out of his shorts and vest and puts a business
suit on. Last week, Ken got to his office earlier than usual, dressed in
red shorts and a red vest. He had just put his shirt and tie on, when
the phone rang. Ken picked up the receiver and sat behind his desk.
A business colleague had called him up early. Could he see Ken later?
Could he bring someone round? Could they check over some figures?
Could they think of ways of cutting down expenses? Could they put
the meeting off till later in the week? Ken was writing some notes
when he noticed the time. It was after 9. Excuse me, Ken said,
Ill call you back. He had just put down the receiver when someone
knocked at the door. The managing director came into the room with
six important guests, Ah, Ken, he said, I want to introduce you to
our visitors and Id like you to show them round the company. Of
course, sir, Ken said and he got up to shake hands, forgetting he still
had his red shorts on!
Holiday Problems
Last month we decided to drive to Scotland for a few days, for
a short holiday. We were really looking forward to a quiet rest in the
country. Unfortunately, lots of things went wrong. First of all, the
car broke down just after we had left home, and we had to phone a
garage and then wait by the side of the road for hours. By the time
the car had been repaired, it was too late to go on, so we went home.
The next day we set off early to avoid the traffic, but we had forgotten
that it was a public holiday. Every single person in the country must
have had the same idea, so we found ourselves in a long traffic jam.
We decided that the best thing to do was to take a different road, and
look for a hotel.
First we got lost on a narrow country road, and then the car ran
out of petrol. Finally, we gave up and went home for the second time.
The Letter
The alarm clock rang loudly close to his head. He put out his
hand and turned off the alarm. For some moments he lay there, half-
awake. I must get up, he thought. Then he sat up, and lowered his
feet to the floor. He took off his pyjama jacket, put on his slippers,
150
walked over to the basin, and turned on the hot tap. He drew back the
curtains and looked out into the street. As he watched, the postman
came up the path and delivered the post. Quickly he turned off the
tap, slipped on his dressing-gown, and hurried downstairs. There was
a letter from Claire. He sat down on the bottom step and opened the
envelope.
My dear, she began, after our conversation last week, this letter
will come as a surprise. I told you that I could look after myself, that
my career must come first, that I was looking for something, I didnt
know what; well, Ive changed my mind. I will marry you after all!
He sat there, at the bottom of the stairs, unable to grasp the full
truth. Suddenly the kitchen door opened, and his landlady came out
into the hall. Well, well, Mr Mitchell, she said, in her broad Irish ac-
cent, thats a strange place to read your mail, to be sure ... She broke
off, as she noticed how pale he looked, Not bad news I hope?
He looked at her for a moment, then a huge grin spread across
his face. No ... marvellous news, he said, Im going to get mar-
ried.
The Flood
The announcer wished everyone goodnight, and the picture
faded from the screen. Mr Barly stood up, turned off the television,
and looked round the room. Then he turned out the lights and went up
to bed. It was raining outside. He looked out across the road towards
the river.
If this rain continues, there could easily be a flood, he
thought.
He drew the curtains, took off his clothes, washed, put on his
pyjamas and got into bed.
Some hours later he awoke. He sensed that something was wrong.
It wasnt a noise that had woken him up, it was more the lack of any
noise at all. He got up, went over to the window, and looked down into
the garden. The rain had stopped. The night was still clear, and the
moon was nearly full. But the garden wasnt there any more, and the
road wasnt there; instead there was a lake, which stretched as far as
the eye could see, with odd trees and bushes sticking out of it here and
there. The house was completely cut off.
My goodness, he thought, I wonder what its like downstairs.
151
Letters
Dear Wendy,
Im sorry I missed you yesterday. I didnt get up until nine oclock
and, although I set off from home at half past nine, you had left when
I arrived. I do hope you didnt wait for me. I am very disappointed
because I wanted to talk to you and look at your old photographs. To
make matters worse, I took with me some of my photographs but I
lost them on the way to meet you. I was looking at them on the bus
and I remember putting them down/away when I opened my purse
and took out my money to pay my fare. Someone must have seen my
photographs and picked them up. I only hope they havent thrown
them away. I look forward to getting a letter or phone call from you
soon.
Love,
Mary
Dear Anna,
I am writing to you as we always seem to get cut off whenever we
talk to each other on the phone. Anyway, Im afraid I have to call
off our visit to the cinema as I have been asked to look after my baby
brother that evening. Can we possibly put it off until the end of the
week?
I was glad to hear that you were not fined for parking outside the
city hall last week. I felt sure the police would let you off when you
explained everything to them.
This must be all for now. I do hope we can arrange to go out
another evening, especially as I feel very lonely now that I have broken
off with Jerry.
Love,
Maria
Dear Susie,
I hope you got on (managed) all right when you went to London
last week.
Yesterday I went on a school picnic. I got up very early and then
met my friends. We waited for over an hour before the coach turned
up. We found out later that the coach had set off half an hour late. The
driver was in such a hurry that he almost crashed into a car on the way.
152
Luckily, he pulled up in time. Then half-way to the beach we had a
puncture. What a day! We were all worn out and angry when we at last
got back home.
Write soon.
Love,
Mary
My Aunt
My aunts getting on for sixty, and shes always been a very dy-
namic sort of person, but recently shes started to behave in a rather
strange way. A few months ago she took up karate and judo, and now
shes taken to riding a powerful motorbike everywhere she goes. Last
week she turned up at my sisters birthday party dressed in a leather
jacket with Hells Angels written on the back. Ive come to liven
things up, she said, and immediately began dancing wildly to loud
rock music. My sister found it rather embarrassing. I wish shed act
her age, she said. She behaves as if she were sixteen rather than six-
ty. But it doesnt bother me at all. It takes all sorts to make a world.
My Cousin
The strangest person I know is my cousin. He was an only child,
and was used to being the centre of attention, so he tended to show off
a lot in front of other people. I cant say he changed very much when
he grew up. On his eighteenth birthday he shaved off all his hair and
started wearing a safety-pin through his nose. I suppose he thought
it would make him stand out in a crowd. He went to university but
dropped out after only one week he said he wanted to graduate from
the university of life. The last thing I heard, he was trying to join a
circus.
Mistake Search
On Friday morning at 8.00 a.m. Brian Hawkins went to work as
usual. He walked to the underground station, waited a few minutes
for his train on the crowded platform, and then got on. As usual he
had to put up with standing the whole way.
153
At Victoria, where a large number of passengers always change,
Brian felt someone push past him aggressively. It was a tall, well-
dressed young man. At first Brian couldnt work out what was hap-
pening and then he felt for his wallet. To his horror, he realised it
wasnt there and it had all his credit cards plus over 100 in cash.
Brian couldnt believe that he had been taken in by such an old trick.
He was furious. He certainly wasnt going to let this guy get away with
it that easily.
He tried to find out where the young man had gone. Finally he
saw him on the platform. He ran out of the train, grabbed the man
and pulled him back towards the train. The man tried to make out that
he didnt know what was going on.
Brian jumped back into the train just as the doors were closing.
The doors shut on the young mans coat, trapping him. A look of
panic crossed his face as the train started to move. The train slowly
accelerated and the young man had to run to keep up with the train.
Just as the train was leaving the station and the young man was about
to come off the end of the platform, he pulled himself away from the
train and fell backwards onto the platform.
That evening, when Brian got back home, he was about to tell his
wife the whole story, when she asked him how hed managed to get by
without any money.
What do you mean? Brian asked.
Well, you left your wallet here on the kitchen table when you
went to work this morning.
On the Way to Dallas
Gina: It was nice to run into your mother.
Frank: Yeah. Im sorry we cant stay for dinner.
Gina: Me too, but I really have to get back to Dallas. I dont want
to miss class.
Frank: I know. And I should go home and work on that report,
anyway. Its due on Monday and I still have to go to the
library to look for some information.
Gina: That reminds me. I have ten words to look up in the dicti-
onary. I have to find out their meanings and make up sen-
tences with them.
154
Frank: That doesnt sound like fun.
Gina: It isnt. But its a good way to learn vocabulary.
Frank: Shall we stop and get something to eat on the way home?
We could try out that restaurant we passed on our way here.
I hear they have good hamburgers and French fries.
Gina: Frank, you really should cut down on fried foods. Youre
getting fat.
Frank: I am not! Im in great shape. And did you know that Ive
kept up my jogging for over three months now?
Gina: Im only kidding about getting fat. But Im not kidding
about fried food. Its not good for you. Anyway, lets eat at
home. I dont really want to stop at a restaurant.
Frank: Fine. But first wed better stop at a gas station or well run
out of gas.
Refer to the conversation and match these two-word verbs
with the def initions on the right.
1. run into a. find information in a book
2. get back b. return
3. look for c. invent
4. look up d. decrease
5. find out e. meet by chance
6. make up f. test
7. try out g. find
8. cut down (on) h. discover information
9. keep up i. use all of something
10. run out (of) j. continue
Isnt It Good News?
Rachel: Ive found out what the problem is with the exam.
Vicky: Oh, good. Tell me.
155
Rachel: When they printed the papers, they left out a page. No one
noticed until the papers had all been sent out. Now theyll
have to throw away all the papers and put off the exam.
Vicky: Are you sure you havent made up this whole story?
Rachel: Its true, I tell you. And isnt it good news?
Vicky: I dont know about that. It means well have to go on/
carry on revising.
Bad News
Mr Collins is the sales manager, and Mr Franks his assistant.
Mr Collins: Ah, come in, Ive had a letter from head office I want
you to look at.
Mr Franks: It seems as if we really are going to have to cut down
on our sales force this time.
Mr Collins: The question is ... can we get away with making just
one of the reps* redundant?
Mr Franks: I hope so, but I dont think we can put off making
a decision any longer.
Mr Collins: Do you want to put forward any suggestions?
Mr Franks: You know my views. Theres only one of our reps Id
like to get rid of.
Mr Collins: Mr Welch?
Mr Franks: Of course. I ran out of patience with him a long time
ago.
Mr Collins: Have you looked through his sales record recently?
Mr Franks: Yes, his orders have been falling off steadily over the
last four years, and hes not prepared to put in any
extra effort at all. If you suggest it, he always tries
to get out of it.
Mr Collins: Right. I suppose Id better break the news to him.
* reps: representatives (salesmen)
156
PHRASAL VERBS IN TOPICS
Topic: Shopping
l.
Wl: Woman 1 W2: Woman 2
Wl: Well, what do you think of this one?
W2: Mm. It doesnt really go with the colour of your jumper.
Why dont you try on the red skirt?
Wl: OK ... Goodness, I cant get into it. And if 1 do, I wont be
able to do the buttons up. Its no good. Ill have to go on a
diet.
W2: What about this one? I think this is fantastic! Youll look out
of this world in it.
Wl: Do you think so?
2.
M: Man A: Shop assistant
A: Hello, can I help you?
M: Yes, please. Id like to try on these trousers.
A: Of course, sir. The changing rooms are just over there.
3.
H: Husband W: Wife
W: Arent you going to get changed?
H: No, Im going like this.
W: You cant go looking like that.
157
H: Well Im not going to dress up just to have dinner with my
parents.
W: Thats not the point, that shirts filthy, and its worn out.
Look, its got holes in it. Take it off and put on that one I gave
you for Christmas.
4.
W: Woman A: Shop assistant
W: Excuse me. I cant get my foot into this shoe. Can I try on a
size 6?
A: Im afraid youre out of luck, madam. Were completely out
of stock in that particular size.
1. Match the verbs in A with the def initions in B.
A B
1. to take something off a. to dress oneself in clothes
or jewellery
2. to have (got) (something) on b. to put on a piece of clothing
to see if it fits and looks
nice
3. to try something on c. to fasten something (a
button or a zip)
4. to wear out d. to be wearing a piece of
clothes
5. to dress up e. to remove clothes, to
undress
6. to put something on f. to put clothes without
difficulty because they
arent too small
7. to do something up g. to wear smart clothes for a
special occasion
158
8. to get into something h. to become useless because
it has been used so often
2. Decide what you would say in the following situations. Use
the phrasal verbs in brackets.
1. Its very cold outside and your friend is about to leave without a
coat. What do you say?
(put on)
2. You have been invited to an important dinner party. You are not
sure if you need to wear very smart clothes or not. What do you
say?
(dress up)
3. A man comes to your house to repair the TV. His shoes are very
dirty. You want him to remove them before he comes in. What do
you say?
(take off)
4. You are in a clothes shop and you see a nice pair of trousers. You
are not sure if they are the right size or if theyll suit you. What do
you say to the shop assistant?
(try on)
5. You cant fasten the button on your shirt. You ask for help. What
do you say?
(do up)
6. You look at your shoes and see there are holes in them. What do
you say?
(wear out)
7. You are trying to put on some shoes but they are too small for you.
What do you say?
(get into)
8. You saw a thief in a green jumper and blue jeans. The police ask
you what he was wearing. What do you say?
(have sth on)
159
How multi-word verbs work
off = removing clothes
Please come in and take your hat and coat off.
on = wearing clothes
Put on some thick gloves. Its very cold today.
Note: to help someone on with clothes = to help them
put clothes on
get sth on/off leave sth on/off put sth on take sth off
help sb on/off pull on/off slip on/off try on
3. Fill in the blanks in the conversation below, using a suitable
phrasal verb from the list above.
A: Id like a pair of brown shoes, please. Just like those on the shelf
over there.
B: Certainly, sir. What size are the shoes youve now?
A: Im not certain.
B: Well, why dont you ... your shoes ... and let me measure your
feet. Hold your foot straight out, sir. Ah, youll need size 8 shoes.
Would you like to ... this pair ... and see if theyre comfortable?
A: All right. Have you got a shoe horn?
B: Theres one here, sir, but Ill ... you ... with them.
A: Oh dear! They seem far too small.
B: ... them ... a moment and walk a few yards on the carpet. How do
you feel when you walk in them?
A: Terrible. They make my feet hurt. Oh dear, my feet seem to be
stuck in them!
160
B: Leave it to me. Im very strong. Just hold your right foot out and
Ill... the shoe ..., sir.
A: Ow!
4. Sally and Jane are staying in Barcelona and are planning to
do some shopping. Complete the dialogue with the correct
form of one of the verbs in the box.
find out, get off, look up, put on, run out of, set off,
take off, try on, work out
Sally: Have you ... worked out ... where the best shopping centre
is?
Jane: Yes, I ... it ... in the guidebook. We can take the metro right
across the street and we ... at the fourth station.
Sally: By the way, Ive ... euros so well have to call at a bank.
Jane: We can go to the hotel reception and ... if theres a cash ma-
chine near here. What are you going to wear?
Sally: If were going to ... clothes, I think Ill wear a skirt. Its more
difficult to ... jeans and ... them ... all the time.
Jane: OK, as soon as youve changed we can ... .
1. ? 2. -
. 3. ? 4.
. 5.
. 6. . 7.
. 8.
. 9. -
. 10. ,
.
161
Topic: Food
boil over Turn the heat down, please. The waters
boiling over.
chop up Those are too big. Chop the meat up into
smaller pieces.
cut down on sth Cut down on fried food if you want to lose
weight.
cut sth out The doctor advised Henry to cut all eggs out
of his diet.
dig in (slang) Heres the meal. I know youre very hungry,
so dig in.
dish (food) out Will you help me to dish the rice out to all
our guests?
dish (food) up The meals ready now. Shall I dish it up?
eat in Lets stay at home and eat in tonight. I dont
want to go out.
eat out Lets eat out tonight. Do you know any
good restaurants?
get through Do you think we can get through all this
(food, etc.) food?
rustle (a meal, She always manages to rustle up something
etc.) up to eat.
serve up Is everyone ready to eat? Can I serve the
food up now?
tuck in (informal) Tuck in, boys, he said when the meal was
ready.
tuck into (food, etc.) Sue sat down, smiled and at once tucked
into her dinner.
wolf (food) down You should eat slowly. You always wolf
everything down.
162
1. Complete the paragraph, using a suitable phrasal verb from
the list below.
chop up boil over put in tuck in
drop in jump up rustle up dish out
pour in cut up sit down take out
When I to see Joe, he asked me to stay for a meal. Ill soon ...
something ... for us, he said. I was about to sit down when he said,
Before you sit down, could you a saucepan and about two
litres of water? After he had put the water on the cooker, he and
began to tell me about all the dishes he could make. Suddenly he
and ran to the cooker. Oh dear! he cried. Youve let the water
! The next moment he turned to me again. Can you see a packet
of hot sour mix? he asked. I pointed to a small packet under his nose.
He took the lid off the saucepan, the hot sour mix and began to
stir vigorously. If you some small pieces of chicken, I can add
them to the soup, he said, handing me a knife. After the soup had
been cooking for twenty minutes or so, Joe then asked me to wash
some lettuce and ... it ... . Now the soup in those small bowls
and serve it with the chopped lettuce, he told me. Then and
enjoy the soup Ive made!
2. You have a friend who is becoming overweight. What ad-
vice would you give them about food and eating? (Use a
phrasal verb containing cut in your answer.)
3. Complete the conversation, using phrasal verbs from the
list at the beginning of this unit. Use a different verb in each
gap.
A: Shall we tonight?
B: No, lets I just feel like staying at home.
A: But have we got enough food for a meal?
B: Yes, I can soon something you like. Why dont you watch TV
while I do the cooking?
(30 minutes later)
163
B: Its ready. Shall I ... it ... now?
A: Yes, please. This programmes almost over.
B: Good. Here it is, so ... . Its chicken your favourite.
A: Youve given me too many potatoes. I dont think I can ... ... them
all. Take some off my plate and have them yourself.
B: No, thanks. Im trying to potatoes. Ive got to lose weight.
Anyway, Im sure you can eat it all. You usually ... ... everything
on your plate.
A: Yes, but its different tonight. I ate some chocolates while you
were cooking!
up
The particle up can be used with some verbs to give the idea of com-
pletion.
Wed better drink up. The bar closes in five minutes.
In this sentence, drink up = finish drinking. Several verbs use up in
this way.
eat up tidy up wash up dry up clean up clear up
4. Use the multi-word verbs above to correct the following
sentences.
1. Look at all these dirty dishes. I really dont feel like doing them.
Could you eat them up? 2. My room looks like a bomb hit it. I cant
find anything. I must dry it up. 3. Tidy up all your vegetables or you
wont grow big and strong, my mother used to tell me. 4. After the
party her friends offered to help her wash up the mess. 5. Ill wash the
dishes if you clean them up.
164
5. What is the general meaning of the particle up when used
with the group of verbs below?
1. I felt so angry that I tore up the letter. 2. The workmen have start-
ed to dig up the road. 3. Lets make a model castle; we can cut up
the cardboard. 4. We can all have a piece of cake if we divide it up.
5. Mr White is in the yard chopping up wood. 6. The ship went on the
rocks in the storm and broke up. 7. Hes smashed up his new car.
1. - . 2. . -
. 3. . 4. ,
. 5.
. 6. ,
. 7. . 8. -
. 9. . . 10.
.
Topic: Holidays. Travelling
Getting Away from It All
1.
I: Interviewer J: Jean
I: Hello. I work for Sun Tour holidays and Im interviewing people
about their last holiday. Would you mind answering a few ques-
tions for our survey?
J: No, not at all.
I: Thank you. Firstly, could you tell me about your travel arrange-
ments? Did you experience any difficulties in reaching your des-
tination?
J: Well, our plane didnt take off on time. It was delayed five hours,
so we didnt get to Cyprus until three in the morning and we were
very tired when we got there. But there was a coach at the airport
waiting to pick us up and it dropped us off at the hotel in time for
breakfast, so that was all right.
165
I: And how was the hotel?
J: Well, we were a little disappointed with the room. It didnt have a
balcony and it looked out onto some rather ugly, noisy streets, but
the beach was just a stones throw away it only took us a couple
of minutes to get there.
I: And how important are holidays to you?
J: Oh, we always look forward to going on holiday. We always make
sure we get away at least once a year.
2.
I: Interviewer A: Andy
I: Could you tell me first about your travel arrangements? Did you
have any problems with them?
A: We had no problems flying out, but coming back was awful. We
checked out of the hotel early Saturday morning and set off for the
airport by taxi. We were supposed to get back to London in the
afternoon, but our plane didnt touch down until Sunday at four in
the morning, so we were absolutely worn out when we got home.
I: Oh, and why was there such a delay?
A: Technical difficulties, they said. Something wrong with the en-
gine.
I: And apart from that, how was the rest of the holiday?
A: Oh, it was great. I took up windsurfing and I want to go back and
do it again next year.
A: I think theyre important. You need a change, you need to see
somewhere different. Travel broadens the mind, doesnt it?
3.
I: Interviewer S: Susan
I: And what was your last holiday like?
S: Marvellous, absolutely marvellous. We went to Rome and we met
up with some very nice people from Manchester. We looked round
the city together and saw all the sights the Colosseum and St.
Peters ... And on the way back to England we stopped off in Paris
and spent a couple of days there. We had a marvellous time.
166
S: Oh, its good to get away from it all and forget all your worries and
problems, even if its only for a few days.
4.
I: Interviewer S: Sheila
I: So could you tell me about your last holiday?
S: It was a complete disaster, and it was a pity, because I was really
looking forward to it. The plane didnt take off on time it was
delayed six hours! The flight was awful I suffered from air-sick-
ness all the way. My hotel room was small and dirty. I complained
about it to the manager and I insisted on having a different room,
and I even succeeded in getting one, but it was just the same!
I: Goodness, it sounds terrible.
S: I was really disappointed with the beach it was ugly and miles
from the hotel. No, the whole thing was a complete disaster. In
the end I couldnt wait to get back home.
I: So you werent at all satisfied with your holiday?
S: No, I wasnt. Id never go back there again!
S: Very. I love visiting beautiful places. Thats why I was so angry
about the holiday and with the man who booked it for me.
I: Yes, Im sure you were. Which company did you book your holi-
day with?
S: Sun Tour Holidays.
I: Oh...

1. to take off a. to leave a hotel after paying the bill
2. to pick someone up b. to break ones journey for a short time
3. to drop someone off c. to leave the ground and begin flying
167
4. to get away d. to walk round a place in order to see
what it is like
5 to check out e. to have a holiday
6. to set off f. to drive someone where they want to go
and leave them there
7. to get back g. to begin a journey
8. to touch down h. to collect someone by car or coach, to
stop and give someone a lift
9. to look round i. to land after a flight (somewhere)
10. to stop off j. to arrive back at the place you started
from
2. Decide what you would say in each situation, using multi-
word verbs from this unit. The f irst sentence has been done
for you.
1. You are at the airport and you want to know what time the plane
departs. What do you say?
e.g. What time does the plane take off?
2. You are going on a coach trip with some friends and you want to
know what time it starts. What do you say?
3. Your friend is giving you a lift in her car. You want her to let you
out at the station. What do you say?
4. Your friend is going out and you want to know what time she will
return. What do you say?
5. You want your friend to collect you by car at 6.00 oclock. What
do you say?
6. You are staying at a hotel and you want to know what time you
have to vacate your room. You go to the receptionist. What do
you say?
7. You are on a plane flying to Madrid and you want to know what
time the plane lands. What do you say?
8. You are going to Oxford to see a play and you want to know if
there will be time to see the town. What do you say?
9. You are on your way home with a friend. You want to suggest that
you both go into a bar for a drink. What do you say?
168
10. Last summer you did extra work for your boss instead of going on
holiday. He asks you if you would like to do the same thing this
year. You think you need to have a holiday this summer. What do
you say?
3. You are on holiday in Rhodes. Your travel representative
leaves you a note giving details of an excursion to the
nearby island of Symi. Fill in the missing words.
Trip to the island of Symi
Hi there!
The arrangements for tomorrows trip to the island of Symi are
as follows:
The coach will ... us ... at 7.00 a.m. outside the post office so
remember to set your alarm clock! It will take us to Rhodes harbour
and then well catch the ferry to the island of Symi. When we get
there, another coach will ... us ... and take us to the main town. We
will have about two hours to ... the shops and have lunch.
At 3.00 p.m. well... for the village of Pixos. At 5.00 well catch
the ferry again and well ... to Rhodes harbour at about 7.00. Another
coach will ... us ... and well ... somewhere for a meal on the way
back.
The coach will ... us ... at the post office around 10.00, so youll
probably ... to your apartment about 10.15.
See you tomorrow,
Sharon
4. Complete the following story by choosing the second word
of each phrasal verb.
We were looking forward to/on our holiday but the night before we
were going to leave we stayed down/up talking until about three
oclock. We didnt hear the alarm clock so we got up/in late and we
were late getting to the airport. When we went to check in/up, we
were lucky because some passengers hadnt shown up/out so there
169
were still some seats left. When we got on the plane, Tim was a bit
nervous because he hadnt flown before but I gave him a pill and that
calmed him down/out. The cabin crew told us to turn in/off our mo-
biles. Then the lights went up/off and Tim thought something was
wrong but I pointed out/up that they always do that before the plane
takes out/off. When we got to Rome we went to pick up/off our cases.
Mine was one of the first to come out, but Tims didnt appear. We
hung about/up for a long time but it didnt turn out/up. We went
to an office to report it and Tim had to fill in/on all his details on a
form. After several phone calls it turned out/up that Tims case was
in Athens. Luckily we got it back that same evening. As soon as it ar-
rived, Tim pulled out/off his sweaty clothes, had a cold shower and
put in/on a clean shirt and trousers. We were just in time to go and
have dinner.
back
The particle back is often used with verbs to give the meaning of
someone or something returning to the place where he/she/it was
before.
What time will you be back tonight?
It can also be used to give the idea of reciprocating an action, that is,
repeating a similar action.
Ive received a letter inviting us to a party. Shall I write back and
accept the invitation?
5. Work with your partner. Look at the verbs below and think
of sentences to illustrate what they mean. Say if the verbs
have the idea of returning or repeating a similar action (re-
ciprocating).
ring/phone/call someone back give something back walk back
put something back drive (someone) back shout back
pay something back take something back fly back
play something back send something back turn back
170
away/off = towards another place, from here to there
Were going away on holiday tomorrow.
The small boy threw a stone at the window and ran off.
I dont want to see you again. Go awayl
Note: Away suggests for a long time or for ever.
drive away /off, frighten sb away/off
run away, fly away, go away (and not come back soon)
throw sth away, take sth away
run off, fly off, go off (but not go far)
6. Look at the pictures below and write answers to the ques-
tions.
1. Why dont you apologise to Mr Talbolt?
I cant. Hes driven off.
2. Have you still got your parrot?
171
3. Wheres your dog?
4. What shall I do with the rest of the cake?
5. What are they doing with the furniture?
6. Are Mr and Mrs Rosario in?
172
1. ? 2. .
3. . 4. .
5. . 6.
10 . 7. 7 . 8. , -
, () . 9. -
, . 10.
, , .
Topic: Travelling. Traff ic
break down The bus has broken down. We have
to get out and walk.
drive off/away Ann drove off after the accident
without telling the police.
drive on Dont stop here. Drive on to the
next garage.
fill (a petrol tank) up Ive got very little petrol left. Id better
fill up at the next garage.
go through (traffic lights) Look at that car. It went through the
red lights.
knock sb/sth down The bus has just knocked poor Dan-
ny down.
pull in/over The police signalled to me to pull
in / over and stop at the side of the busy
road.
pull out Dave suddenly pulled out into the
middle of the road.
pull up Ill pull up here so you can get out of
the car.
slow down Youre going too fast. Slow down!
speed up Were crawling. Can you speed up a
little or Ill be late.
173
1. Fill in the blanks in the questionnaire below. (Note that most
of the phrasal verbs used are concerned with travelling and
are in the list above, but a few other common phrasal verbs
are also used.)
1. The car you are travelling in breaks .... Do you
a) get... and walk?
b) try to repair it?
) ring ... the nearest garage?
2. It is dark, and you have just got into your car. What is the first
thing you do?
a) Start the engine.
b) Turn the headlights ...
) Fasten your seat belt.
3. You accidentally knock someone ..., but you dont think the per-
son is badly injured. Do you
a) slow ... to see they are all right and then drive ...?
b) pull ..., give them first aid and then go to the nearest tele-
phone?
) pick the person ... and drive ... to the nearest hospital?
4. You get in your car and you are about to leave. Do you first
a) look in your rear mirror to make sure there are no cars be-
hind?
b) put your hand ... and pull... into the middle of the road?
c) switch ... your indicator and then drive ... slowly?
5. You have some petrol but not a lot, and you see a petrol station.
Do you
a) drive ... and try to get to your destination?
b) slow ... and look out for the next petrol station?
) pull... and fill...?
6. The lights are changing from green to amber. Do you
a) pull ...?
b) speed ... and go straight ... them?
) slow ... a little but drive ...?
174
Now answer the questions to find out how good a driver you are. Then
check your answers using the scores below.
1. A1 B3 C2 16 18 points = You are probably a very good
driver.
2. A2 B1 C3 12 15 points = You are an average driver.
3. A1 B3 C2 Below 12 points = Dont go near a car!
4. A3 B1 C2
5. A1 B2 C3
6. A3 B1 C2
check (sth) in Lets check our luggage in first and then have
a coffee.
see sb off All Annas friends went to the station to see
her off.
set off Lets set off early and then we can arrive
before lunch.
take off The plane took off a few minutes after wed
got on.
hold sb/sth up Our flight was held up by the airport workers
(often passive) strike.
2. Complete the conversation, using a suitable phrasal verb
which means the same as the verb or phrase in italics.
A: What time did you ... from home this morning?
B: We left at half past six.
A: How long did it take you to get to the airport?
B: Only half an hour. We reached the airport at seven.
A: Did you as soon as you arrived?
B: Yes, we handed in our tickets and gave in our luggage then.
A: Did anyone go with you to ... you ...?
175
B: Yes, my brother came with us to say goodbye.
A: What time did your plane ?
B: It didnt leave until half past nine, so we had plenty of time to
talk.
A: But I thought it should have left at ten past eight. Why was
it ?
B: It was the fog that delayed us. We were very lucky to be able to
leave.
up = towards, as far as
The small boy ran up to his mother and burst into tears.
come up drive up run up walk up
3. Complete the paragraph, using a suitable phrasal verb from
the list above. Use each verb once only and put it in its cor-
rect form.
Ted Short is a trainee policeman. Yesterday was his first day on duty,
and he had to patrol the town all day. For several hours nothing at all
happened. Eventually, however, a young woman slowly to him
and asked the way to the nearest hospital. A minute later a man
and said hed been robbed. At the same time a car , and the
driver reported an accident. Ted was amazed. Nothing had happened
all day, and then three people had ... to him within a few minutes.
1. . 2. . 3.
? 4. . 5.
. 6. ? 7. -
. 8. ?
9. , . .
176
10. . 11. -
.
My Nightmare Journey
The worst journey I have ever made was the time when I had to
go to London for a job interview. I was living in York, in the north of
England, at the time and my car was under repair. I planned to go
by train, but a friend called Martin said, No, dont go by train. You
know how unreliable they are. They never run on time. Im going to
London next week, so I can give you a lift. I told him I had to be at
the interview by 3.00 oclock without fail. He assured me we would
arrive in time. Dont worry, he said. Well be there in no time.
The following weekend Martin picked me up at 8.30 a.m. He said
his alarm clock hadnt gone off and he had overslept, so we set off later
than we had planned. My mother was quite excited by the idea of my
going to London for an interview, and she came to the front door to
see us off. Unfortunately, it was the rush hour, and we were held up
in a traffic jam for the next thirty minutes, but eventually the road
was clear and we headed for the motorway. I noticed we were short of
petrol and pointed this out to Martin.
Arent we going to run out of petrol quite soon? I said. No, dont
worry, theres plenty left, he said. Five minutes later the car came to
a standstill. We were out of petrol. Martin told me not to worry and
said he was sure there was a petrol station somewhere nearby. He got
out of the car and walked off. Much to my surprise, he came back ten
minutes later with a can full of petrol. He put the petrol in the tank,
got in, and we drove off. I felt more relaxed now, and thought that ev-
erything would be all right. Two miles later the car broke down.
I didnt panic, but I could feel the nervous tension building up in
my stomach. Dont worry, he said, I know whats wrong with it. Ill
fix it in no time at all. An hour later he was still under the car trying
to repair it - but without success. Then another car pulled up next to
us and the driver asked if we needed any help. He asked where we
were heading for, and when we told him, he pointed out we were go-
ing in the wrong direction. He repaired the car, we thanked him for
helping us, and we set off again. I dont know how it happened, but
instead of arriving in London we ended up in Manchester.
177
Martin told me not to worry. He said he knew a quick route to
London from Manchester that would reduce our journey time by half.
This sounded too good to be true, but I tried to believe him. He said
that if we drove fast, we would make up for lost time. To some extent
this was true, because he did drive faster, but unfortunately a police
car caught up with us and told us to pull over to the side of the road.
The policeman fined him for speeding and we drove off. We contin-
ued our journey. We were near London when it started to rain.
Martin switched on the windscreen wipers, but we couldnt see
the road very well. A few minutes later we couldnt make out anything
because the rain was so heavy. I warned him about the dangers of
driving on wet roads, but instead of slowing down, he speeded up. He
said it was getting late. Fortunately, we finally found the street where
my interview was to take place. Martin turned to me and said, Better
late than never. As he said this, a car pulled out in front of us with-
out warning. Martin managed to swerve just in time to avoid hitting
it but he ran into a parked car instead. The parked car was beyond
repair it was a complete write-off.
Martin got out of the car and told the other driver he was respon-
sible for the accident. The other driver blamed Martin for what had
happened. I left them arguing and went in for my interview. I apolo-
gized for being five minutes late, but they said it was all right because
the interviewer hadnt arrived yet. When he came in, I recognized
him it was the man who had pulled out in front of us. I didnt get
the job.
A B
1. to break down a. to manage to see or read something
2. to pull over b. to have no more of something
3. to hold someone/ c. to find yourself in a place or situati-
something up on that you had not intended
4. to pull out d. to delay someone or something
5. to see someone off e. to move or travel towards some-
where
178
6. to end up somewhere f. to stop working because of mecha-
nical failure (of a vehicle or ma-
chine)
7. to pull up g. to accompany someone to a place
of departure and say goodbye
8. to head for somewhere h. to slow down and stop a vehicle
9. to run out i. to drive a vehicle into a different or
(of something) faster lane (in order to overtake)
10. to make something out j. to move a vehicle closer to the side
of the road either to stop or to allow
other vehicles to pass
2. Read the sentences. Then say the sentences again, using
the multi-word verb prompts.
1. You look in the fridge and see there is no milk. What do you say?
(run out of)
Weve run out of milk.
2. You arrive late for a meeting because you were delayed in a traffic
jam. What do you say?
(hold up)
Im sorry, Im late. I was held up in a traffic jam.
3. You want to know if your parents will come with you to the air-
port to say goodbye when you leave. What do you say to them?
(see off)
Will you see me off at the airport?
4. Your friend is reading a letter but the handwriting is not very clear.
She asks you to try and read one of the words for her. You try but
you cant. What do you say?
(make out)
Im sorry, I cant make it out.
5. You are talking to someone at a motorway restaurant. He tells
you he is driving north. You want to know what his destination is.
What do you say?
(head for)
Where are you heading for?
179
6. Youre in a taxi and you want the driver to stop outside the bank.
What do you say?
(pull up)
Can you pull up outside the bank, please?
7. Youre in your car on the motorway and it stops working. You
phone a garage for help. What do you say?
(break down)
My car has broken down on the motorway. Can you help me,
please?
8. You want the driver of another car to move his car closer to the
side of the road so that you can pass in your car. What do you
say?
(pull over)
Can you pull over, please?
9. You are in your friends car and you see another car begin to move
out in front of you. You want to warn your friend. What do you
say?
(pull out)
Watch out! That cars going to pull out!
10. You are in your friends car and your friend isnt driving very
carefully. You are frightened the journey will end with you both in
hospital. What do you say?
(end up)
If you dont drive more carefully, well end up in hospital.
Make up your own sentences using the same phrasal verbs.

up
The particle up can be used with some verbs to give the idea of an
increase in quantity or intensity.
We must hurry up or were going to be late.
Instead of slowing down, he decided to speed up.
180
3. Complete the following sentences with multi-word verbs
that use the particle up.
1. I cant hear the radio. Can you ... , please? 2. The cost of living is ...
all the time. 3. Im afraid this is a very bad line and I cant hear what
youre saying. Can you ... , please? 4. This soup isnt very hot. Shall I
... ? 5. Youre still very weak after your illness. I think you need to ...
your strength before you go back to work. 6. The airline company was
losing money, so it was forced to ... prices.
4. What is the general meaning of the particle off in the follow-
ing sentences?
1. The plane was meant to leave at 6.00 but it didnt take off until
9.00 a.m. 2. At the end of the film the two lovers got into a boat and
sailed off into the sunset. 3. The small boy took my purse from my
bag and ran off before I could catch him. 4. The next morning we
set off on our journey to see the Himalayas. 5. I would like to jump
on a plane and fly off to somewhere exotic and warm. 6. He jumped
onto his horse and rode off at speed. 7. He gave me the money for the
books but he walked off before I could give him his change. 8. The
thieves made off when they saw a policeman. 9. The policeman got
into his car and drove off.
1. . 2.
. 3. ? 4.
. 5. -
. 6. - (the wild driver)
. 7.
- . 8. , . 9. -
.
Breaking Down
Mary: Steve ... John ... at last! Come in ... give me your coats.
So ... you finally got here!
181
Steve: Yes. Were so sorry. We really did set off early as planned.
Mary: Well, what happened then? Why are you so late?
Steve: Basically, a series of disasters. First of all, Id agreed to pick
John up on the way and he wasnt ready of course!
Mary: Typical!
John: Hey, thats not fair. That wasnt the only thing that made
us late. In case youd forgotten, we ran out of petrol, just
outside Lincoln. Now that certainly wasnt my fault.
Steve: OK, OK ... as it happens I forgot to fill up last night. In
fact I went to the garage especially to get petrol but when I
got home I realised Id bought my cigarettes but no petrol.
Well, we all make mistakes!
John: Yes, you certainly do. It was really embarrassing. We were
in this really narrow country road. There was nowhere to
pull up out of the way of the traffic, so we just had to stop in
the middle of the road! We held up all the other traffic for
well over half an hour.
Steve: Yes, well, I really did try and make up the lost time after
that. I didnt want to be late. I mean its not every day
youre twenty-one.
Mary: So, was the rest of the journey OK?
John: Not at all. That was just the beginning! The next thing that
happened was when we were going through this small vil-
lage ...
Steve: Oh yes ... do you mean when that child ran out into the
road in front of us?
John: Thats right ... I was sure you were going to run her over.
Steve: Me too. How I managed to stop in time I will never know.
Mary: Goodness me. How awful! Was she all right?
Steve: Oh yes, she was fine. But you can imagine the kind of state
I was in.
Mary: Yes. You must have felt terrible.
182
John: And thats not all!
: Oh no, there surely isnt more?
Steve: Would you believe it, but we were almost here when the car
broke down.
John: What do you mean almost here, weve been walking for
the last half an hour in the pouring rain!
: Well, dont just stand there ... come and have a drink. You
look like you both need one!
John: You can say that again. Is there any birthday cake left?
Mary: Yes I think so, but youll have to be quick!
1. Focus on phrasal verbs.
1. We really did set off early as planned.
2. Id agreed to pick John up on the way.
3. We ran out of petrol,
4. I forgot to fill up last night.
5. There was nowhere to pull up.
6. We held up all the other traffic.
7. I really did try and make up the lost time.
8. I was sure you were going to run her over.
9. We were almost here when the car broke down.
2. Make up complete and grammatical sentences from the
prompts.
e.g. We / set off / tomorrow / weeks holiday / Wales
We are setting off tomorrow for a weeks holiday in Wales.
1. I/pick you up/station/8.30 pm tomorrow evening.
2. He/fill up/car/before/they go/the journey yesterday.
3. John, we/run out/milk/again!/That is/third time/this week.
4. Look!/large black car/pull up/in front/our house.
183
5. We/hold up/several hours/the airport/because of/bomb scare.
6. He promised/make up /lost time/working/his holidays.
7. I/never/actually/run anybody over/but/I/do/once/hit/cyclist.
8. If/car/break down again/I/sell it.
3. Answer these questions using the phrasal verbs in brac-
kets.
e.g. Do you have any problems with your car? (break down)
Generally no, but it sometimes breaks down in very
cold weather.
1. Why are you so late? (hold up) 2. Is there any petrol in the car?
(fill up) 3. How are you going to get home after the party? (pick up)
4. How are you going to get to London by 10 am? (make up) 5. What
are you looking at? (pull up) 6. I thought you said you were going to
be late. Youre the first one to arrive. (set off) 7. Have you ever had
an accident? (run over) 8. Have you got any more orange juice? (run
out)
4. What is the general meaning of the particle over in all the
examples below?
1. The wind was so strong it blew over the garden wall. 2. As he ente-
red the room he tripped over and fell onto the floor. 3. The car knocked
over a man on a bicycle. 4. She placed her bicycle carefully against
the wall but it fell over. 5. Our car was run over by a lorry last week.
6. The little girl pushed him over and he fell onto some glass.
5. Have you ever been on a disastrous car journey? Prepare
to talk about one, either real or imaginary. Remember to in-
clude any phrasal verbs from this or other units that are
appropriate.
184
Topic: Hotel
A Narrow Escape
A blaze swept through a hotel in London yesterday, leaving dam-
age estimated at 200,000. Some of the residents staying in the hotel
at the time were able to escape via the roof onto adjoining premises.
At present it is not known how the fire started. It seems the fire
broke out in the early hours of the morning. The fire alarm went off
at around 2.00 a.m. It is thought it was set off by smoke coming from
one of the bedrooms on the first floor. The fire spread quickly from
the first floor to the second floor. The fire brigade were called in im-
mediately, and firefighters were on the scene within fifteen minutes,
but by this time the hotel was already in flames. They fought the blaze
and managed to get it under control, though it took them two hours
to put the fire out.
Senior Fire Officer Mike Jones, who was in charge of the op-
eration, said, Its a miracle no one was hurt. We had to break down
several doors to rescue some of the residents from their rooms. Our
people did a wonderful job. Two of them are suffering from smoke
inhalation, but it doesnt look too serious at the moment.
Mrs Lunnon, a resident, said, I never want to go through an ex-
perience like that again. Everywhere was on fire. Im just so relieved
the firefighters succeeded in getting to us so quickly. Without their
help we wouldnt have got out.
Another resident, Mr Dale, said, I heard the alarm go off and
then people started screaming. It was very frightening. My wife and
I had a narrow escape. We managed to get out of the building just in
time as we left the third floor it burst into flames! We could hear
people calling out for help, but we couldnt do anything to help
them.
The hotel manager said, The fire probably started by accident.
Perhaps someone was smoking in bed, forgot to put out their ciga-
rette, and accidentally set fire to the bedclothes. Some people are
very careless, and things can catch fire very easily.
A policeman said, We will be looking into the causes of the fire.
We think it started by accident, though at this stage we dont want to
rule anything out.
185

1. to break out a. to cause something to start
working or happening
2. to go off b. to experience or suffer some-
thing unpleasant
3. to set something off c. to begin suddenly, usually some-
thing unpleasant
4. to call someone in/out d. to leave, to escape
5. to put something out e. to exclude something, to decide
something is impossible
6. to go through something f. to shout loudly in order to
attract someones attention
7. to get out (of somewhere) g. to extinguish something, to stop
something burning
8. to call out h. to ask someone professional to
come and provide help
9. to look into something i. to operate, making a sudden
loud noise
10. to rule something out j. to investigate something
the multi-word verb prompts. The f irst one has been done
for you.
1. Can you extinguish that cigarette, please?
(put out)
Can you put out that cigarette please?
2. The alarm bell started ringing.
(go off)
3. I shouted his name loudly but he didnt hear me.
(call out)
186
4. The police are investigating the accident.
(look into)
5. Come quickly a fire has started!
(break out)
6. He experienced a lot of pain.
(go through)
7. He started the fire alarm by accident.
(set off)
8. The government has said that tax cuts are not possible.
(rule out)
9. The prisoners escaped through the window.
(get out)
10. I think we should ask for the help of a doctor.
(call in)
1. The particle out can be combined with verbs to indicate move-
ment from somewhere inside to somewhere outside (to get out,
to check out of somewhere, to go out), or to a location outside the
home (to move out).
Say what you think the following multi-word verbs mean, and
give examples of when you would use them.
to eat out to invite someone out to camp out
stay out to take someone out
2. The particle out can also be used with verbs to give the idea of
excluding something (to rule something out, to cut something out).
Say what you think the following multi-word verbs mean and give
examples of when you would use them.
to cross something out
to rub something out
to leave someone/something out
187
1. ,
. 2. ,
() . 3.
, () . 4. -
. 5. . 6. -
. 7.
?
, . 8.
. 9. ,
.
Topic: Flat
Looking Round a Flat
EA: Estate agent A: Ann
EA: Well, this is the flat. Its vacant at the moment. Im afraid the
previous owners didnt look after it very well, so its not in per-
fect condition.
A: Mmm ...
EA: As you can see, its in need of some decoration and repair.
There are four rooms altogether: kitchen, living room, bed-
room, and bathroom. This is the living room. It hasnt been
decorated recently.
A: Yes, it certainly needs doing up ... . All the wallpaper is co-
ming off the walls, and its very cold and damp. How is the
flat heated?
EA: Well, theres an open fireplace, but it could be taken out and
central heating could be put in.
A: Mmm ... Its not very large. I suppose I could put up some
shelves for books and things. Do the carpets come with the
flat?
188
EA: Yes, though as you can see, they are rather old and dont add
much value to the property.
A: Yes, I agree. I think they all need throwing out, to be honest.
Whats that up there? Is that a hole in the ceiling?
EA: Oh, yes. Im afraid it is. I didnt notice that the last time I was
here.
A: Well, that will definitely need seeing to before it does any dam-
age to the property.
EA: Yes, of course. But I do think the flat has potential. It could
look very good if its done up nicely.
A: Well, Im certainly interested. Obviously Ill need to talk it
over with my husband. You say its vacant. Does that mean we
could move in immediately?
EA: Yes, the flats empty so you could move in when youre ready.
A: Well, Ill certainly think it over and if we decide to make an
offer Ill call you tomorrow. Thank you for showing me round
the flat.
EA: No trouble, Mrs Jones. We hope to hear from you tomorrow
then. Goodbye.
A: Goodbye.
1. Read the sentences. Then agree with them, using the multi-
word verb prompts. The f irst one has been done for you.
1. This room looks terrible. It really needs decorating.
(do up)
Yes, it needs doing up.
2. Look, the wallpaper isnt sticking to the walls.
(come off)
3. That fireplace is very ugly. We could remove it.
(take out)
4. The flat doesnt have any central heating. We must install it.
(put in)
189
5. There are no shelves or cupboards. We could fix some to the
walls.
(put up)
6. Theres a lot of rubbish in this room. It needs putting in the dust-
bin.
(throw out)
6. The cooker doesnt work. It needs repairing.
(see to)
8. We must discuss this before we decide.
(talk over)
9. We could start living here immediately.
(move in)
10. We must consider it carefully before we decide.
(think over)
put something in put something up see to something
talk something over throw something out do something up
take something out come off think something over
move in
2. Replace the words in italics in the sentences below with the
multi-word verbs in the box.
1. Nothing has been done to this flat for a long time. It needs new
curtains and a new carpet. The doors and walls also need paint-
ing. It needs ... (decorating/renovating).
2. The wallpaper was very old and ... (wasnt sticking to/ attached to)
the walls.
3. The fireplace was old and ugly, so they ... (removed it).
4. The house was cold and damp, so they had central heating ...
(installed).
5. There was nowhere to put any books, so they decided to ... (fix in
place) some shelves.
190
6. The carpets were old and full of holes, so he ... (disposed of them
by putting them in the dustbin).
7. There was a serious problem with the roof. The rain was com-
ing in and making everything wet. It needed ... (repairing/ dealing
with) immediately.
8. Before I make a decision I need to talk to my husband about it
and see what he thinks. I must ... (discuss it) with him.
9. We would like to ... (start living there) as soon as possible.
10. Its a good idea, but I need time to ... (consider it carefully) before
I make a decision.
off = separated, detached from
I cant open the door now. Who broke the handle off?
on = attached to, part of
Can you glue the dolls hand on?
break sth off fall off put sth on stay on
come off pull sth off screw sth on stick sth on
cut sth off take sth off sew sth on tie sth on
3. Fill in the blanks with verbs from the list below and on
or off.
stay stick screw put pull tie take sew break come
1. A: Oh dear. One of my buttons has .
B: Dont worry. Ive got a needle and thread. I can ... it ... for
you.
191
2. A: Oh no! Ive knocked this jug and the handle has ... ... .
B: Try using this glue to ... it ... .
3. A: Someones ... the door handle ... .
B: Dont worry. Ill ... it... again.
4. A: What do I do after Ive ... this wheel ...?
B: Take the spare wheel out of the boot and ... that ... .
5. A: The lid wont the container.
B: Why dont you ... it ...?
4. What is the general meaning of the particle in when used
with the group of verbs below?
1. Jeremy came in looking worried. 2. He nearly knocked me over in
his eagerness to get in the house. 3. I pushed open the door of the of-
fice and went in. 4. Evidently she had let herself in with a front door
key. 5. We had moved in at the height of summer. 6. He ran in through
the open glass door of the sitting room. 7. I took in the coffee.
5. Replace the noun objects with pronoun objects (it / them) in
the following sentences.
e.g. Shall I fill in this form? Shall I fill it in?
1. Id like to talk over my financial position. 2. Did you throw out
those old newspapers? 3. Theyve decided to put off the wedding.
4. Were going to do up the kitchen. 5. Id like more time to think
over your offer. 6.1 didnt take down his telephone number. 7. Did
you hand in your homework? 8. Can you help me put up these pic-
tures?
1. .
2. . 3. -
. 4. -
? 5. . 6.
. 7.
. 8. ? 9.
. 10. , .
192
A Place of Your Own
Tony is a student. He has recently moved into his own flat. He wrote
to his friend Paul to tell him about it.
Dear Paul,
Ive done it! Ive got a place of my own at last! I found it through
an agency a couple of weeks ago. I was looking through the paper,
when I came across an advertisement for flats, so I gave the agency
a ring and went to see what they had. I saw several good flats, but I
couldnt make up my mind about them. Then I saw one I really liked.
I was in two minds about taking it because the rent was rather high,
but I thought it was time I became more independent of my parents,
and Im sure I was getting on their nerves they said they couldnt
put up with the noise from my stereo system any longer! So I moved
out and here I am in my own flat!
Its in the suburbs on the outskirts of London, and its very con-
venient for the shops. Its on the second floor and consists of a bed-
room, a living room, a kitchen, and a bathroom. Its nothing out of
the ordinary, but its in quite good condition.
I moved in last week and Ive already put up some shelves and new
wallpaper in the living room. At present the kitchen is painted dark
brown and has a small window, so it needs brightening up. I havent
finished doing up the bedroom yet. Im going to convert it into a study
and paint it blue so that it will go with the curtains my mother has
promised to give me. Theres a lovely view from the window it looks
out onto the garden, which I share with four other people.
I get on well with the people living above me, but unfortunately
Im not on good terms with the landlord at the moment. We had an
argument about sticking pictures on the wall he said it would dam-
age the wallpaper. And the people below me say they are fed up with
the noise from my stereo!
The good thing is that Ive got somewhere I can call my own.
I can easily put you up any time youre in London. So dont hesi-
tate you can drop in any time.
All the best,
Tony
PS Im thinking of having a house-warming party at the end of
the month, so if youd like to come, drop me a line or give me a
call.
193

1. to look through a. to give someone
something accommodation
2. to come across someone/ b. to have a view of somewhere
something
3. to put up with someone/ c. to visit someone informally, to
something pay a casual visit
4. to move out d. to match or suit, to make a
(of somewhere) good combination (for example,
of colours)
5. to brighten something up e. to read something quickly and
briefly
6. to look (out) onto f. to find something or meet some-
somehing one by chance
7. to go with something g. to leave accommodation and
take everything with you, to
vacate a house or flat
8. to put someone up h. to make something brighter, less
dull, and more full of light
9. to drop in (on someone) i. to tolerate something, to accept
something unpleasant or diff-
cult without complaining
for you.
1. I cant tolerate that noise any longer!
(put up with)
I cant put up with that noise any longer!
2. You can visit us any time.
(drop in on)
194
3. We leave our flat on Friday.
(move out)
4. Can I quickly read your history notes?
(look through)
5. The curtains dont match the wallpaper.
(go with)
6. Could you let me sleep in your house on Saturday night?
(put up)
7. I found by accident an old love letter you sent me two years ago.
(come across)
8. These flowers will help to make the room brighter.
(brighten up)
9. From my bedroom window I can see a garden full of flowers.
(look out onto)
up
The particle up can be used with some verbs to give the idea of im-
proving something.
I havent finished doing up the bedroom yet.
3. Look at the sentences and say what you think the verbs in
italics mean.
1. Im going to work in Paris next year, so I really need to brush up
my French. I studied it at school several years ago but I think Ive
forgotten a lot of it.
2. Her job is to train up people to become clerks or accountants.
3. He didnt know very much about computers, so he decided to
read up on the subject in preparation for his job interview.
4. He was told that if he wanted to continue working for the com-
pany he would have to smarten up his appearance.
195
5. She managed to build up the reputation of the company in a very
short time.
down = from a higher to a lower place or level, towards the
ground
The sun will go down in an hour.
Put your books down and come here.
down = into a lower body position
Im going to lie down for a few minutes.
up = from a lower to a higher place or level, away from
the ground
Is this lift going up?
Can you help me hang the picture up?
up = into a higher body position, upright
Everyone stood up when the principal entered the
room.
bend down pick sth up stand up
go down/up put sth down/up straighten up
jump up (and down) sit down/up take sth down/up
kneel down walk down/up
4. Look at the pictures and complete the story, using one of
the phrasal verbs from the list above.
As soon as Susan reached the entrance to the block of flats where
Dave lived, she ... the case ... . A moment later the lift door opened
and out stepped Dave. After warmly greeting her, he ... her case ... .
My flats on the third floor, but there may not be enough room for
both of us in the lift, he said.
If you take my case in the lift, Ill , Susan said. When the
lift reached the third floor, Dave to pick the case up. Then he
cried out in pain and . As soon as he caught sight of Susan, how-
ever, he tried to . But it was no use! Realising that he had hurt his
196
back, Susan to see what the matter was. here, she said to
Dave after she had brought a chair for him. Ill get a doctor.
1. .
2. , .
3. . 4.
. 5.
. 6. , ,
. 7.
. 8. (
) . 9. .
10. .
197
Moving In
1441 Baker Street,
San Francisco,
California,
94115 USA.
3rd October, 91
Dear Tom and Jane,
Hi! How are things? Hows life with the new baby? I hope Toms
doing his share of the nappy-changing!
I can hardly believe how long weve been out here now. As you
know we got here at the beginning of August and are now really be-
ginning to settle in. It was quite difficult at first away from every-
thing and everyone, but now things are much better.
Anyway, things began to get better once wed found somewhere
to live. The company put us up in a hotel at first but we had to look
for our own accommodation and that wasnt easy. Finally we were
able to take someone elses flat over they had suddenly decided to
leave the company and the area for one reason or another. We moved
in on Sunday. They brought all our stuff on Monday boxes and
boxes! and weve been sorting them out ever since. We found one
or two great shops nearby and have picked up some marvellous bits of
furniture. Weve now got a fantastic sofa-bed in the living room so we
can easily put friends up. (When are you coming?). The people round
here are incredibly nice weve already made lots of friends people
just seem to pop in all the time to chat and have a coffee. Its all very
informal and Im really enjoying that side of things.
Jeff started his new job a couple of weeks ago. Its going very
well, but hes working very long hours, I suppose thats inevitable at
the beginning.
All in all were having a great time but we really miss you and
hope youll come out here soon. Well probably be back for Christ-
mas so well tell you more news then.
Much love,
Dee and Jeff
198
1. Def ine the meaning of the phrasal verbs used in the text:
settle in move in look for pick up
put up sort out take over pop in
2. From the above list of phrasal verbs, put one in each sen-
tence in the correct form.
1. If you could just ... me ... tonight, I promise Ill catch the first train
home tomorrow morning. 2. Youll never guess who to my of-
fice the other day. It was Jim, Mikes old boss. 3. I hope Tony
to his new school. Its the third time weve had to move him because
of Simon changing jobs. 4. If you dont all those papers on your
desk, I will! 5. Im someone to do some secretarial work in the
afternoons. 6. Weve got a spare room. You can as soon as you
like. 7. Its a great shop. If youve got time to look around you can
some real bargains. 8. A really nice couple our flat when we
left. We gave them our cats because we couldnt take them with us.
3. Look at the following sentences and decide on the possible
positions of the phrases/words in brackets.
e.g. Ill sort out in the morning (my room).
Ill sort out my room in the morning.
Ill sort my room out in the morning.
1. We put up for the night (him). 2. We put up for the night (John).
3. We settled in to our new home (quickly). 4. He picked up in that
new shop (some interesting things). 5. He picked up in that new
shop (them). 6. They looked for for their kitchen (some new chairs).
7. I will take over when he leaves (his flat). 8.1 will take over when he
leaves (it). 9. We are going to move in at the end of the month (to the
house). 10. He popped in for a quick coffee (after the meeting).
1. ( ) . 2. ?
3. , . 4. -
. 5. ()
199
. 6. ( )?
7. , ?
8. . 9.
(). 10. (
).
Topic: Appearance. Character
Going by Appearances
A
Last week, Mrs Alice Woolf, aged 65, was tricked into handing
over all her savings to a smooth-talking doorstep salesman who said
he was selling burglar alarm systems. I was completely taken in, she
said. I know it was foolish to let him talk me into giving him all my
savings, but he seemed such a nice man. He came across as com-
pletely honest. But I wont make the same mistake again. Once bit-
ten, twice shy.
When asked if she thought the man would be caught, she replied,
I dont think hell get away with it. Im sure the police will catch him
sooner or later.
The police are looking for a well-dressed young man who has
been passing himself off as a doorstep salesman. Last week, he tricked
an elderly lady into giving him all her money as a deposit for a burglar
alarm system.
A police spokesman said, Unfortunately, its quite easy for
dishonest people to make a living doing this kind of thing. I sup-
pose we all tend to go by appearances, and very often its not easy to
see through a clean-shaven, well-spoken young man in a good suit,
and with a pleasant manner. Appearances can be deceptive, and not
everyone is a good judge of character. My advice to people is not to
hand over any money until they have checked peoples references
and made sure they belong to a reputable organization. Meanwhile
well do our best to catch the man who took Mrs Woolf s savings.
200
A B
1. to hand something a. to persuade someone
over to do something
2. to take someone in b. to deceive or trick
someone
3. to talk someone into c. to pretend that someone /
doing something something is someone /
something else
4. to come across as d. to give something to
something someone so that they
control or own it
5. to get away with e. to give the impression of
something having a particular
characteristic
6. to pass someone/ f. to judge according to
something off as something
someone/something
7. to go by something g. to see the true nature of
someone/ something
despite a deceptively
pleasant appearance
8. to see through h. to escape being
someone/ something punished or criticized for
something
2. Read the sentences. Then say the sentences again using
for you.
1. I was completely deceived by his charming manner.
(take in)
I was completely taken in by his charming manner.
2. I never base my judgements on first impressions.
(go by)
201
3. She could see what kind of man he was immediately.
(see through)
4. She pretended to be an American tourist.
(pass off)
5. She gave an impression of being a very kind person.
(come across as)
6. He persuaded me to lend him some money.
(talk into)
7. You wont escape being punished for this!
(get away with)
8. The police told him to give them the gun.
(hand over)
3. Complete the sentences using multi-word verbs from the
text.
1. My sister is a very good judge of character. She can people
immediately if they try to deceive or trick her. 2. He escaped from
the country by as a tourist. 3. I lent him some money because he
seemed an honest person, but after that I never saw him again. I soon
realized I . 4. Dont his appearance. He may look nice but hes
completely untrustworthy. 5. When I first met him he as a very
indecisive person who didnt know his own mind. 6. The salesman
me buying a new washing machine, although my old one was
fine. 7. The robber told him to the keys to the safe. 8. The robbers
laughed when the bank manager said: You wont ... this. The police
will catch you one day.
into
The particle into can be used with some verbs to give the idea of per-
suading or forcing someone to do something.
She talked me into taking a weeks holiday.
202
4. The multi-word verbs below have the following form: verb +
someone + into. Using the verbs in brackets, rewrite the fol-
lowing sentences so that they have similar meaning. Make
any necessary changes to the structure of the sentences.
e.g. His boss made him resign.
(force into)
His boss forced him into resigning.
1. She persuaded me to buy a new coat. (talk into) 2. The robbers
made the bank manager think they were genuine customers. (trick
into) 3. The Mafia frightened him so much that he remained silent.
(frighten into) 4. She had to sell her house in order to pay off her
debts. (force into) 5. The government was made to feel so ashamed
that it took action. (shame into)

Now think of your own example sentences for these multi-
word verbs.
5. Work in pairs. Take turns asking and answering the ques-
tions below. Use the multi-word verbs in brackets.
1. Do you ever base your judgement of people on first impressions?
Why?/Why not? (go by)
2. What impression do you think you give of yourself when you meet
someone for the first time? (come across as)
3. What do you think is the best way to avoid being tricked or de-
ceived by people? (take someone in)
4. Has someone ever persuaded you to do something that you re-
gretted later? If so, what was it? (talk someone into)
5. Imagine you could pretend to be someone else for a whole day.
What would you choose to be? Why? (pass yourself off as)
1. . 2.
. 3. -
. 4. . 5. -
203
. 6. . 7. -
(). 8. .
Taking After
(an extract from a novel)
Do you think John takes after his father? she asked quietly.
At first Maureen wasnt sure what to say.
In what way do you mean?
Well, you know... his character, his personality. I mean, they
do both seem so incredibly stubborn ... She paused. You know, Im
sure, how much John looks up to his Dad...
Yes, I know. Maureen felt sad.
... but at the same time his Dad is always putting him down. He
doesnt take him seriously. I think it really depresses John. I mean,
hes doing so well in his job at the moment but his father never says
anything about it.
Maureen was surprised by the force of Sarahs feeling. She had
never heard her speak so strongly about anything before. She wanted
to explain.
Yes, I know, but his father doesnt take dance seriously. I know it
really gets John down. He wont even go and watch John perform. He
never did. Her mind went back to the difficult years.
Actually, it was just the same when John was growing up. I re-
member he always used to show off in front of his Dad, but Bill would
never pay any attention to him. In fact it was generally difficult...
bringing up John. His father never took any interest.
But Maureen... John wont admit it hurts. He tries to make out
that he doesnt care. But I know he still keeps on trying... trying to live
up to some image of the perfect son. I just dont understand.
Maureen felt sorry for the younger womans frustration she
understood it very well.
Well, you see, Bill was always disappointed that John didnt go
into the family business.
What! John a builder!
Yes I know it sounds ridiculous. Of course it would be the wrong
thing for John but Bill always had this picture of them working side
by side, father and son. I remember him talking about when he would
change the name of the firm to Henderson and Son. And then when
204
John refused to go to the Technical College and took up dance seri-
ously ... well, Bill never really forgave him.
Sarah was outraged.
But look. This cant go on. Bill has to understand that John has
his own life to lead, his own needs ... .
1. Def ine the meaning of the phrasal verbs used in the text.
take after bring up
look up to keep on
put down live up to
grow up take up
show off make out
2. Look at the following sentences and decide on the possible
positions of the phrases / words in brackets.
e.g. He often puts down (women/them)
He often puts down women.
He often puts women down.
He often puts them down.
1. She says he takes after (his father/him) 2.1 am going to take up
(golf/it) 3. She always shows off in front of (new people/ them)
4. I remember when she was growing up (Juliet/her) 5. If he keeps
on playing I am going to get angry (that music/it) 6. It wasnt easy
to bring up on my own (a young son/him) 7. Do you think he will
live up to? (his reputation/it) 8. He looked up to because she was so
clever (his sister/her)
3. Make up sentences with:
bring up, grow up, keep on, live up to, put down, show off, take after,
take up, look up to, get down, make out (pretend)
1. . 2.
. 3. .
205
4. . 5.
, . 6.
. 7. . 8.
. 9.
. 10. . 11.
. 12.
. 13. -
. 14. , .
15. .
Topic: Feelings
break down When he heard the sad news, he
broke down and wept.
(not) care for sb/sth I dont care for people who are
unreliable.
carry away (usually I got carried away when I was
passive) arguing and completely forgot about
the time.
cheer (sb) up I hope this good news cheers you up.
Cheer up!
cut up (usually We were very cut up when we heard
passive) about the accident.
fall for sb Toms fallen for Anna and cant
take his eyes off her!
fall out with sb Ben fell out with Alice and stopped
speaking to her.
fed up (with sb /sth) Im fed up with listening to all your
(passive) complaints.
flare up Maria flared up when she heard
Simon insult her friend.
get on/along (well) I always got along with Sarah: we
(with sb) never quarrelled.
let sb down You let me down. I waited an hour
but you never came.
206
pick on sb Why pick on Ben? He wasnt the
only boy to be late.
put sb/sth down I didnt like to hear you putting
everyone down. Why cant you say
something good about people?
strike up a friendship We struck up a friendship as soon
as we met.
take sb aback (often I was taken aback by Mr Talbots
passive) refusal to let me have half a day off
work to attend my brothers
wedding.
take to sb I took to Sue at once and we soon
became good friends.
warm to/towards Many people warmed to Mr Lee
someone when he spoke about the hardships
he had overcome.
1. Read each of the following sentences about the different
ways six people felt. Then complete the sentences, using
a suitable phrasal verb.
1. Anna felt sad and miserable.
2. Ben was shocked.
3. Pete suddenly felt extremely angry.
4. Joe felt disappointed.
5. Sue was bored.
6. Katie began to feel happier than previously.
Pete: Anger ... inside me
when Ann told me what
Ben had said.
Sue: Im ... . Ive been wash-
ing and drying dishes all day
long.
207
2. Rewrite the story below, replacing the words in italics with
the most suitable phrasal verbs from the list at the begin-
ning of this unit.
Simon and I used to be very friendly with each other, but then Simon
quarrelled with Sarah. Simon had never liked Sarah, and he started
to criticise her whenever he was with me. Eventually Simon and I
quarrelled, too. Some time later, however, Simon slowly began to like
Sarah and she also began to feel a liking for him. They soon formed a
close friendship, and Sarah stopped seeing me. I now feel very upset
about the whole matter.
3. Give suitable advice to someone who
1. often flares up when someone upsets them.
2. always needs cheering up when you see them.
3. is fed up doing their present job.
Ben: I was quite ... it wasnt
like him to be so rude.
Katie: I certainly ... when
I heard the good news.
Joe: You can imagine how ... I
felt when Ron didnt turn up.
Anna: I just felt like ... and
bursting into tears.
208
4. easily gets carried away when they watch a football match.
5. is badly cut up after a quarrel with a friend.
1. , -
. 2. (),
. 3. ! ! 4.
. 5. . 6. -
. 7. ().
8. . 9. ,
. 10. , -
( ). 11. .
12. . 13. . 14.
. 15. ( ).
16. . 17. -
. 18. , -
.
Topic: People
ask sb round Why dont you ask Ted round for a meal
this evening?
come round I dont want to go out. Anns coming
round this evening.
drop in Please drop in any time. Im always hap-
py to see you.
get on (well) (with sb) Dave got on well with Ken, and they be-
came good friends.
go out Would you like to go out tonight? Ali
asked his wife.
go round Ken decided to go round to see how his
neighbour was.
look forward to sth/ Im looking forward to seeing my old
doing sth school friends again.
meet up (with sb) Lets meet up after the concert and have
something to eat.
209
pick sb/sth up Ill pick Ben up: his flat is on the way
to the sports ground.
put sb up Stay here. We can put you up in our spa-
re room.
run/bump into sb Guess who I ran into today! Beluti Sadri!
What a surprise!
stay in Im staying in tonight. I dont feel like
going out.
stay out Dont stay out too late. Try to come
home before ten.
take sb out My uncle Victor is taking us out for
a meal this evening.
1. Complete the paragraph below, using phrasal verbs which
mean the same as the words in brackets. Add pronouns if
necessary.
Who do you think ... (called at my house) last night? It was Henry.
He called because he wanted to ... (invite me to go with him) for a
meal. I had ... (met him by chance) in the post office the previous
day. He told me then that he was ... (anticipating with pleasure) the
chance of having a chat with me. When he called to see me last night,
he arranged to ... (come and collect me in his car) at seven oclock
on Friday. We have always ... (been very friendly), and Im sure well
have a very enjoyable time together.
2. Fill in the blanks in the questionnaire below with a suitable
particle.
How Friendly Are You?
1. Which of the following do you get best of all?
a. Other people
b. Animals
c. Children
210
2. Do you prefer to go ...
a. with only one close friend?
b. with a lot of friends?
. by yourself?
3. If you ran ... an old friend, would you
a. talk about old times?
b. say hallo and walk on?
. arrange to meet ... soon?
4. Which of the following do you prefer to do in the evenings?
a. Stay ... and watch TV
b. Go ... with a friend
. Ask a friend ...
5. A friend without a car visits you and will probably stay very late.
Would you
a. offer to put your friend ... for the night?
b. advise your friend not to stay ... too late and go back home
early?
. wait and later call a taxi to take your friend home?
6. When someone you dont like too much phones and asks if they
can come ... to see you, would you
a. say you were looking seeing them?
b. ask them to come ... some time later?
. make excuses and say you were going ...?
7. If some new neighbours came to live next door to you, would
you
a. go ... to welcome them after a few days?
b. just say hallo if you happened to see them?
c. invite them at once to drop ... to see you?
8. In the evening, do you prefer to go ... to:
a. a cinema?
b. a party?
. a shopping centre?
211
Now answer the questions to find out how friendly you are. Then check
your answers, using the scores below.
1. A3 Bl 2 1824 points = You are very sociable
2. A2 3 1 and friendly. You love
3. A2 1 3 doing things with
4. A1 2 3 other people.
5. A3 Bl 2 1217 points = You are friendly but
6. A3 2 1 you can also enjoy
7. A2 1 3 being on your own.
8. A1 3 2 Below 12 points = You ought to try to
get on better with other
people. Are you really an
unfriendly person?
1. . 2.
. 3. , .
4. , . 5.
. 6. ? , -
. 7. -
. 8. . 9.
. 10. .
11. ? 12.
. 13. . 14.
. 15.
. 16. ,
8 .
about/around/round = here and there, aimlessly (often used
to show a lack of purpose)
Several pupils were standing about in the playground.
212
I saw your pen lying around somewhere.
Tom was rushing round, doing nothing really useful.
The particle about can usually be used instead of around and
round with verbs like standing, running, hurrying, lying, etc. How-
ever, we cannot use about instead of around and round with look.
Would you like to come in and look round? (not about)
hurry about/around/round stand about/around/round
kick (a ball) about/around throw (a ball) about
lie about/around wait about/around
look around/round walk about/around/round
run about/around/round wander about/around/round
rush about/around/round
4. Complete the paragraph, describing the picture with a suit-
able verb from the list above.
A few small boys are laughing and on the beach while a tall man
is He is carrying a chair but he doesnt know where to put it.
Two women are , looking bored while three young men are
on the sand. Three girls are ... a small ball ..., and a little boy is ... a
large ball ... .
round = to everybody in a group, etc.
Can you pass the sweets round, please?
hand sth round pass sth round
offer sth round take sth round
213
5. Write a sentence to describe each picture, using one of the
phrasal verbs above.
1. She is offering some 2. They ...
chocolate ... .
3. She ... 4. He .
Come round to see us tonight.
You can come over tomorrow at four.
(round/over = visiting someone informally)
6. Study and practise the following sentences.
1. You can call round any time. Well always be pleased to see you.
2. Would you like to come round on Saturday? Well be in all day.
3. Lets ask Ann and Mark round for a meal next week.
4. Ill drop round and see him on my way home from work.
5. She isnt here at the moment. Shes gone round to see the woman
next door.
214
6. Ive got some friends coming over.
7. Can you come and show me your new car? Ill drive round now
if you like.
8. Bring the family round one evening; wed love to meet them.
9. Can you come over some time? You can leave your bicycle in the
entrance. Shall I cycle round now?
Topic: Family
There is a feature in a magazine in which members of the same fam-
ily describe their relationship. You will read about James Mitford, an
actor, and his daughter Amy.
My Daughter
James Mitford: My wife and I only had the one child. It might
have been nice to have a son, but we didnt plan a family, we just had
Amy.
I see her as my best friend. I think shed always come to me first
if she had a problem. We have the same sense of humour, and share
interests. I dont mind animals, but shes completely obsessed with
them, and she has always had dogs, cats, horses, and goldfish in her
life.
We were closest when she was about four, which I think is a love-
ly age for a child. They know the parents best, and dont have the
outside contacts. She must have grown up suddenly when she went
to school, because I remember her growing away from her family
slightly. Any father who has a teenage daughter comes across an ex-
traordinary collection of people, and there seemed to be an endless
stream of strange young men coming through our house. By the time
Id learned their names theyd gone away and I had to start learning a
new lot. I remember I told her off once in front of her friends and she
didnt talk to me for days afterwards.
I wanted more than anything else for her to be happy in what she
was doing, and I was prepared to pull strings to help her on her way.
She went to a good school, but that didnt work out. She must have
upset somebody. When she left she decided she wanted to become
215
an actress so I got her into drama school. It wasnt to her liking so
she joined a theatre group and began doing bits and pieces in films.
She was doing well, but then gave it up. She probably found it boring.
Then she took up social work, and finally went to work for a designer
and he became her husband. And thats really the story of her life.
She must be happy with him theyre always together.
We have the same tastes in books and music, but it takes me a
while to get used to new pop songs. I used to take her to see the opera,
which is my big passion, but I dont think she likes it very much, she
doesnt come with me any more.
I dont think shes a big television watcher. She knows when Im
on, and she might watch, but I dont know. Its not the kind of thing
she tells me.
Were very grateful for Amy. Shes a good daughter as daughters
go. Were looking forward to being grandparents. Im sure shell have
a son.
My Father
Amy Mitford: I dont really know my father. He isnt easy to get
on with. Hes quite self-centred, and a little bit vain, I think, and in
some ways quite unapproachable. The public must think hes very
easy-going, but at home he keeps himself to himself.
He cant have been at home much when I was a child, because
I dont remember much about him. Hes always been slightly out of
touch with family life. His work always came first, and he was al-
ways off somewhere acting or rehearsing. He loves being asked for
his autograph, he loves to be recognized. He has won several awards,
and hes very proud of that. He was given the Member of the British
Empire, and we had to go to Buckingham Palace to get the medal. It
was incredibly boring there were hundreds of other people getting
the same thing, and you had to sit there for hours. He shows off his
awards to whoever comes to the house.
I went to public school, and because of my total lack of interest
and non-attendance I was asked to leave. I didnt want to go there
in the first place. I was taken away from all my friends. He must
have been very pleased to get me into the school, but in the end it
was a complete waste of money. I let him down quite badly, I sup-
pose. I tried several jobs but I couldnt settle down in them. They
216
just werent challenging enough. Then I realized that what I re-
ally wanted to do was live in the country and look after animals, so
thats what I now do.
As a family, were not that close, either emotionally or geograph-
ically. We dont see much of each other these days. My father and I
are totally different, like chalk and cheese. My interests have always
been the country, but hes into books, music and above all, opera,
which I hate. If they do come to see us, theyre in completely the
wrong clothes for the country -mink coats, nice little leather shoes,
not exactly ideal for long walks across the fields.
He was totally opposed to me getting married. He was hoping
we would break up. Geralds too humble, I suppose. He must have
wanted me to marry someone famous, but I didnt, and thats all
there is to it. We dont want children, but my father keeps on and on
talking about wanting grandchildren. You cant make someone have
children just because you want grandchildren.
I never watch him on television. Im not that interested, and
anyway he usually forgets to tell me when hes on.
1. Replace the words in italics in the following sentences with
a multi-word verb from the texts.
1. He started playing golf because he needed the exercise. 2. I unex-
pectedly met an old school friend last week. 3. Have you heard? Jane
and Andrew have separated. 4. What sort of relationship do you have
with your parents? 5.1 cant stand her. Shes always boasting about
her wonderful children. 6. Are you beginning to get established in your
new flat? 7. Tennis was taking up too much of my time, so I stopped
doing it. 8. Dont disappoint me. Im relying on you to help me.
9. She was reprimanded for getting her new clothes dirty. 10. It was a
good plan in theory but it wasnt successful in practice.
2. Make up sentences with the following multi-word verbs:
to work out, to let down, to tell off, to break up, to take up, to come
across, to get on (with), to show off, to settle down, to give up, to
keep on, to look forward to
217
on = continuing
She kept on talking for over an hour.
The pupils worked on until the teacher arrived.
The rain kept on all night.
Shes staying on at university to do research.
She turned to Poirot again. Yes, go on. Go on
finding out.
3. Study and practise the sentences where the particle on has
the general meaning of continuing with something.
1. I thought of leaving my job, but my boss persuaded me to stay
on. 2. We thought the ship would stop and pick us up, but it sailed
on. 3. The road conditions were dreadful, but we decided to drive on.
4. We camped near a village for a few days and then decided to move
on. 5. The soldiers fought on despite heavy casualties.
4. Read the following short paragraph about Dave Lawson and
answer the questions.
Last year Dave started to attend an optional training course but
dropped out after a few weeks. Dave has a tendency to give up as soon
as he meets a problem. He should keep on trying even when some-
thing is very difficult. Unfortunately, he never listens to advice and
carries on doing whatever he wants without thinking of the conse-
quences. In spite of these weaknesses, however, Dave is capable of
doing well, and his teachers are now trying to persuade him to stay on
at school so he can prepare for university.
A. Questions.
1. What happened last year when Dave took a training course?
2. What does Dave do when a problem arises? 3. What advice would
you give Dave? 4. Do you think he will listen to your advice? Why
(not)? 5. What do Daves teachers want him to do?
218
B. Now write a few lines about someone who is exactly the opposite of
Dave.
up = stopping or delaying something
I said goodbye and hung up.
Sorry Im late, I was held up in the traffic.
italics mean.
1. The Soviet Union has broken up. 2. Isnt Rose here yet? Ill go and
see whats holding her up. 3. Rick tried to fix the car, but he gave up
the attempt after an hour. 4. The number you dialled is busy. Please
hang up and try again. 5. Why are crying? Chris thinks we should
break up. 6. My parents split up last year.
1. .
2. , . 3.
. ,
. . 4. -
. 5.
. 6. ,
. 7. () ,
. 8. -
. 9. .
10. . 11.
. 12. .
Family Relationships
Interview with 16-year-old daughter Helen
Interviewer: How do you get on with your parents?
Helen: I think I get on with them very well, really. We dont
always see eye to eye on some things, like boy-
219
friends they dont always approve of them -but on
the whole theyre very understanding. If I had a per-
sonal problem, I think I could confide in them, and
if I was ever in trouble I know I could rely on them
to help me.
Interviewer: How strict are your parents?
Helen: Well, my Dads quite strict about staying out late at
night, but I can usually get round him. If Im nice to
him, he lets me come home a bit later. My Mums
always telling me to tidy up my bedroom and put
things away after I use them, and I have to do some
of the housework. But if I compare them with other
parents I know, they arent very strict.
Interviewer: And who are you most like in your family?
Helen: Oh, I think I take after my mother. Everybody says
were both very independent and strong-willed.
I like to have my own way a lot of the time, but Im
not spoilt. I dont always get my own way. And my
parents always tell me off if I do anything wrong.
Interview with 17-year-old son David
Interviewer: How do you get on with your parents?
David: I look up to them because I know theyve worked
hard to bring us up properly.
Interviewer: How strict are your parents?
David: They can be very strict at times. I told my Dad I
wanted a motorbike, but he said it was out of the
question it was too dangerous. My mother is strict
about keeping things tidy. I cant get out of doing
the washing up and things like that, unless Im very
busy.
Interviewer: How do you get on with your sister?
David: I never agree with what she says, so we are always
arguing. Weve never been very close, but I get on all
right with her. I think Im much closer to my mo-
ther.
220
Interview with mother
Interviewer: Whats it like being a parent?
Mother: Bringing up children is very difficult. You always
worry about them. You have to be very patient and
put up with a lot like noise and even criticism. And
you cant always get through to them sometimes
they just wont listen. But the advantages of being a
parent outweigh the disadvantages. The main thing
is to enjoy your children while they are young be-
cause they grow up so quickly nowadays.
Interviewer: How strict are you with your children?
Mother: I suppose Im reasonably strict. They cant do what
they like and get away with it, and I tell them off
when they do something wrong.
Interviewer: And what is the secret of being a good parent?
Mother: I think you have to give them confidence and let
them know you love them. And you have to set a
good example through your own behaviour, other-
wise they wont look up to you.
Interviewer: And what do you want for your children in the fu-
ture?
Mother: I want them to be happy, and I want them to look
back on their childhood as a very happy time in their
lives.
A B
1. to get round a. to respect and admire someone,
someone to have a very good opinion of some-
one
2. to take after b. to escape being punished for some-
someone thing
3. to tell someone off c. to think about something that hap-
(for doing something) pened in the past
221
4. to look up to d. to reprimand, to speak severely
someone to someone because they have done
something wrong
5. to bring someone up e. to persuade someone to let you do
or have something, usually by flat-
tering them
6. to get out of doing f. to raise a child, to look after a child
something until it is adult and try to give it par-
ticular beliefs and attitudes
7. to get through g. to resemble a member of your family
to someone in appearance or character
8. to grow up h. to avoid having to do something
9. to get away with i. to succeed in making someone un-
something derstand the meaning of what one is
saying
10. to look back j. to become more adult and mature
(on something)
for you.
1. I have always admired and respected my father.
(look up to)
I have always looked up to my father.
2. The little boy said he wanted to be a train driver when he was
older.
(grow up)
3. Shes very similar to her mother they are both very intelligent.
(take after)
4. I often think about my childhood.
(look back on)
5. I cant make her listen to me or understand what Im trying to
say.
(get through to)
222
6. When her mother died she was raised by her aunt.
(bring up)
7. How can we avoid going to my brothers party?
(get out of)
8. He was not punished for using bad language at home.
(get away with)
9. At first her father wouldnt let her go to the all-night party, but in
the end she persuaded him to let her go.
(get round)
10. She reprimanded him for breaking the window.
(tell off)
3. Match a sentence in A with one in B. Then practise saying
the questions and answers.
A B
1. Do you respect your a. No, he got away with it.
parents?
2. Do you like David? b. No, I cant get through to him.
3. Did he do the washing up? c. No, he puts up with it.
4. Does he listen to you? d. No, he got out of it.
5. Was he punished for the e. No, I must get down to it.
crime?
6. Have you done the f. No, I dont get on with him.
homework?
7. Has he complained about g. Yes, I look up to them.
the noise?
1. . 2. . 3.
, . 4. -
, . 5. . 6.
. 7. -
223
. 8. . 9. ,
.
Across a Crowded Room
It was love at first sight. I saw her standing on the other side of a
crowded room sipping a glass of wine. Our eyes met. I walked over to
her and said, You seem to be on your own. Can I join you?
She smiled and said yes. At first she came across as rather shy,
but as I got to know her better I found out she was an open and
confident person who was easy to get on with. At the end of the party
I said I would like to see her again and asked her out for a meal the
following week.
I took her out to a small Italian restaurant in Soho. After talk-
ing for a while, we found out that we had a lot in common -in fact,
we seemed to have the same interests and tastes in everything. She
smiled at me when I spoke to her, and when our eyes met this time
I knew that I was head over heels in love with her. I thought that she
was falling in love with me, too. We started going out with each other,
and after some time we got engaged and decided to live together. We
were both very happy and made plans to settle down and get married
the following year.
However, it wasnt long before things started to go wrong. She
seemed less affectionate and loving as the weeks passed, and I start-
ed to feel she was going off me. She criticized me all the time. Why
are you always going on at me? I asked.
In the end I wondered if we were suited to one another. I was
keen on hard rock and she was fond of classical music. I was inter-
ested in sport and she was interested in politics. We finally fell out
over a TV programme. We had a terrible row, broke off our engage-
ment, and called off the wedding. A week later she moved out. I was
heartbroken, and it took me a long time to get over it. A few months
later I heard she was engaged to a man who worked in local govern-
ment. They got married, but after two years their marriage broke up
and they got divorced.
I tell you this because last night I went to a party and I was
drowning my sorrows when I saw her standing on the other side of
the room sipping a glass of wine. I saw a man walk over to her and I
heard him say, You seem to be on your own. Can I join you?
224
A
1. to come across as a. to stop liking someone
something (informal)
2. to ask someone out b. to start to live a stable, regular
somewhere life in one place (perhaps after
buying a house or getting mar-
ried)
3. to go out with someone c. to give the impression of having
a particular characteristic
4. to settle down d. to cancel something (an ar-
rangement or event)
5. to go off someone e. to discontinue something, to
bring something to an abrupt
end
6. to go on at someone f. to spend time with someone so-
cially, often to have a romantic
relationship
7. to fall out (with someone) g. to come to an end
(over something)
8. to break something off h. to have an argument with some-
one and stop being friendly with
them
9. to call something off i. to keep complaining about
something to someone
(informal)
10. to break up j. to invite someone to go out
somewhere (to a restaurant or
theatre)
for you.
1. The concert has been cancelled.
(call off)
The concert has been called off.
225
2. Stop criticizing me all the time!
(go on at)
3. Hes invited her to the cinema.
(ask out)
4. Julie is having a relationship with a man from France.
(go out with)
5. He gives the impression of being rather aggressive.
(come across as)
6. Their marriage has ended.
(break up)
7. Michael has had an argument with Tony and isnt talking to
him.
(fall out with)
8. I want to have a stable life, buy a house, and get married.
(settle down)
9. They have ended their relationship.
(break off)
10. Im starting to dislike him.
(go off)
3. Jane is very upset. Her friend, Mary, has come to visit her.
Look at their conversation below. Replace the words in ita-
lics with multi-word verbs.
Mary: Whats the matter, Jane? Have you had an argument with
Paul again?
Jane: Yes, you could say that...
Mary: Well, it takes two to have an argument. What was it about
this time?
Jane: He said I was always complaining and criticizing him.
Mary: Is it true?
Jane: Well, in a way, yes. But I was feeling insecure because I
thought he was starting to dislike me.
Mary: How long have you been seeing one another?
Jane: Nearly a year now. But yesterday I discovered hes been hav-
ing a relationship with someone else.
Mary: Oh, so what did you do?
226
Jane: I told him, and he said he wanted to end our relationship.
Mary: But I thought you were planning to get married in June?
Jane: Weve cancelled it.
Mary: Well, Im sorry to hear the two of you have ended your rela-
tionship.
Jane: I think itll take me a long time to recover from this.
Mary: Well, perhaps its for the best. You were never really happy
with him. And after all, there are plenty more fish in the
sea!
off
The particle off can be used with some verbs to give the idea of stop-
ping or cancelling something:
They broke off their engagement and called off the wedding.
4. Complete the following sentences with multi-word verbs
that use the particle off.
1. Can you ... all the lights when you go to bed, please? 2. Hello,
operator, I was talking to someone and we were ... . Can you try to
re-connect us, please? 3. There isnt time to have the meeting today,
so we will have to ... till next week. 4. Its been lovely talking to you on
the phone, but I must ... because theres someone at the front door.
Ill call you again next week. Bye. 5.1 wish they would make up their
minds one way or the other. Yesterday they said the wedding was on,
but now theyve had another argument and say the wedding ... .
1. . 2.
. 3. ? 4.
. 5. , .
6. ,
. 7. ,
. 8. . 9. ,
. 10.
.
227
Happily Ever After
I: Interviewer H: Helen
I: How did you meet your husband?
H: It was on a blind date, actually. A friend invited me to meet
someone she knew. She said he was very nice, so I went along,
and as soon as I met him, I fell for him. I thought he was won-
derful. We started to go out with one another, and then I invited
him home to meet my parents, and they took to him immedi-
ately they thought he was a lovely person.
I: So meeting him was an important event?
H: Oh, yes, it was a turning-point in my life. You see, whereas Id
always had my head in the clouds, he was very practical and re-
alistic he had his feet firmly on the ground.
I: Do you remember when he asked you to marry him?
H: Yes, very clearly. We were walking in the park and he proposed to
me completely out of the blue. I really wasnt expecting it.
I: How did you feel about marrying him?
H: I was over the moon. I thought it was the most wonderful thing
that could ever have happened to me.
I: And do you still feel that way today?
H: Oh, yes, were devoted to one another.
I: What do you think has made your marriage such a success?
H: The fact that weve always supported and helped one another.
Ive always stood by him, and hes never let me down once. Were
a partnership.
I: So you never have any arguments?
H: Well, we have our ups and downs now and then everybody
does but I know that underneath it all we were made for each
other.
I: Interviewer G: George
I: How did you meet your wife?
G: We worked for the same company. She was about the same age
as me, and she struck me as a very nice person. As time passed I
228
came to look on her as a friend. We spent some time together and
then we started going out with one another.
I: What did your parents think of her?
G: When I introduced her to my mother she said she couldnt un-
derstand what I saw in her. She thought she was very ordinary
and not at all the right person for me.
I: Do you think your mothers opinion influenced you in any
way?
G: I think it made me have second thoughts about marrying her,
but we still got married a few months later.
I: What was life like after you got married?
G: Things were all right for a while but then we began to quarrel.
We always kissed and made up in the end, but there were still
problems between us.
I: Why was that?
G: I think the main thing was that we werent really suited to one
another. After we got married we started to see one another in a
different light. We spent less and less time together, we became
interested in different things, and gradually we grew apart.
I: What happened then?
G: We started having terrible arguments and I behaved very badly
towards her. I tried to make up for it, but she couldnt forgive me.
In the end we split up. I suppose it was inevitable really.
I: And how did this experience affect you?
G: I think it changed my outlook on life. I certainly dont see it
through rose-coloured spectacles any more.
I: Would you marry again?
G: I would, but it would have to be the right person, and there would
have to be a lot more give and take. Otherwise I dont think it
would work.
1. Match the multi-word verbs in A with the def initions in B.

1. to fall for someone a. to compensate for something
2. to take to someone/ b. to become friends again after
something an argument
229
3. to stand by someone c. to provide help or support for
someone when they are in trouble
4. to let someone down d. to fall in love with someone
5. to look on someone as e. to consider someone as something
something
6. to see in someone/ f. to find a particular quality in
something someone/something
7. to make up/to make it g. to disappoint someone, often by
up (with someone) breaking a promise or agreement
8. to grow apart (from h. to end a relationship or marriage
someone)
9. to make up for i. to begin to like someone/ some-
something thing
10. to split up j. to develop separate interests and
become gradually less close to
someone
for you.
1. When I was in trouble she gave me help and support.
(stand by)
When I was in trouble she always stood by me.
2. I have always considered you to be my closest friend.
(look on as)
3. Im depending on you, so dont disappoint me!
(let down)
4. The children liked her the moment they met her.
(take to)
5. She fell in love with her skiing instructor.
(fall for)
6. I dont understand what she finds attractive about him.
(see in)
7. She tried to compensate for the trouble she had caused.
(make up for)
230
8. After a year they ended their relationship.
(split up)
9. I think weve become less close to one another.
(grow apart)
10. They had an argument but later they became friends again.
(make up)
1. ,
. 2. . 3. -
. 4.
. 5. ? 6. , -
. 7. , . 8.
, . 9. .
. 10. -
. 11. .
Getting On
: Have you seen Julie lately? Do you know how she is?
L: ... Oh Julie? Well, actually, not very well at all. Its that husband
of hers.
C: Why? Whats happened now?
L: Well ... you know they got married a year ago.
C: Yeah, they didnt know each other very well, did they?
L: No. Theyd only been going out for six months before that, but
they seemed to get on really well together. Anyway, recently, a
friend of Julies saw Mike, the husband, in a restaurant, with a
very attractive young woman, they seemed to be more than just
good friends.
C: Oh no! Poor Julie! What did she do?
L: Well, she asked Mike to explain exactly what was going on.
C: What did he say?
L: He tried to make out that the woman was a business client and,
at first, Julie was taken in.
231
C: So, what happened?
L: Well, he seemed to be having a lot of business dinners in the
evenings.
C: Yeah, its a familiar story.
L: ... and on one or two occasions she even smelt perfume on his
clothes which wasnt hers ...
C: How awful for her!
L: Then, one day, she found this letter.
C: What do you mean? What kind of letter?
L: A love letter... all very predictable.
C: Who was it from?
L: There was no name... just the words I love you and the letter
P at the end.
C: Did she know who it was?
L: She had an idea but, anyway, she told Mike she knew what was
going on and she couldnt put up with it any more. She confront-
ed Mike with all the different things shed noticed and insisted
he told her the truth.
C: So what did he do then?
L: At first he again tried to make out that nothing was the matter,
but finally, after she refused to believe him, he admitted he was
in a terrible state, that he didnt know what to do. He said he felt
he loved Julie but hed also fallen in love with Patricia (the other
woman). Julies first reaction was to tell him to leave at once ...
that she never wanted to see him again.
C: And did she?
L: Well no... you see, apparently, at that point, he begged her to let
him stay and promised never to see Patricia again. Finally, she
gave in and so, theyre still together.
C: When did all this happen?
L: Oh, about a month ago.
C: Has she got over it yet?
L: No, not really. I dont know if she ever will. I wouldnt be sur-
prised if they split up in the end. Shes really unhappy ...
232
1. Rephrase using the phrasal verbs from this unit:
have a (romantic) relationship ...........................................
have a good relationship with someone ..........................................
happen ...........................................
pretend ...........................................
deceive ...........................................
tolerate ...........................................
agree to someone elses demands ...........................................
recover from ...........................................
finish a relationship and separate ...........................................
2. Complete this text with one phrasal verb in each space.
Amanda and Kevin got married five years ago. They had been ...
for about two years before that. However, a friend of Amandas saw
Kevin with another woman in a restaurant and told Amanda. When
Kevin told her nothing was wrong and that the woman was just a
business client, Amanda was ... . However, Kevin kept having to go
away on business trips and once or twice Amanda answered the tele-
phone and the person at the other end put the phone down without
speaking. She asked Kevin what was ... . He ... that he didnt know
what she was talking about. She didnt accept that and insisted he
told her the truth. Finally, he told her everything. Amanda decided
to ... the situation for the sake of the children but later changed her
mind and said she was going to leave him. He begged her to stay and
eventually she ... . That was only about a year ago but they seem to
have ... it now. They are ... very well with each other and I doubt very
much that they will... .
3. Discuss the following situations:
a) What would you do in Julies situation?
b) Do you think a couple can get over a crisis like this?
233
Topic: Jobs and Work
Getting On in Life
Two people, Jeremy and Angela, are describing how they came to
choose their careers.
Jeremy
At the moment I have a very good, well-paid job that I enjoy do-
ing, but it hasnt always been like this.
Several years ago I used to work as a salesman for a small compa-
ny that specialised in making motor components for the car industry.
It was the sort of job where you had to be committed to your product,
you had to believe in it and do everything possible to sell it. But times
were hard and a lot of companies were going out of business, so our
company started to cut back on the number of people it employed in
order to save money fortunately, I wasnt one of them but in the
end it had to close down, and I found myself out of work for the first
time in my life. I applied for several jobs in similar companies, but I
wasnt successful every one of them turned me down.
Then one day I was looking through the paper and I came across
an advertisement for courses that specialized in journalism. I filled in
an application form, sent it off, was accepted onto the course, stud-
ied hard, passed my exams, and became a qualified journalist. I then
wrote to a small magazine for the car industry, attended an interview
along with dozens of other applicants and, to my surprise, they took
me on. The magazine grew in size and popularity. I moved from writ-
ing articles to being sub-editor, and this year I became the editor, so
I suppose Ive been lucky really.
Angela
When I was young my father always told me how important it was
to get on in life and be a success. You must make something of your
life, he used to say. I think he wanted me to be a doctor or an engi-
neer or something like that. And I can remember how disappointed
he was when I left school early and started work as a secretary.
234
It was a small, badly-run company, and when I went there they
told me the job wasnt difficult and I would soon pick it up. At the be-
ginning I liked the job, but as time passed the work started to take up
more of my time and I found I was working late in the evenings and
even at weekends. And in addition to this I had to put up with poor
working conditions and a low salary I earned just enough to get
by and there were no promotion prospects at all. All this really got
me down. And then I started to wonder if I was really cut out for this
kind of work it didnt really suit me or my particular abilities.
Then one day I remember Id been working very hard that
month and had put in a lot of extra hours I went to see my boss to
ask for some time off work. I needed to visit my mother, who wasnt
well at the time. I have to say that I didnt get on with my boss very
well. Anyway, he refused point-blank. He said it was out of the ques-
tion and he didnt want to hear another word. I tried explaining but
I just couldnt get through to him. He wouldnt listen. So I walked
out of the office, and as far as I was concerned, that was it, that was
the last straw. The next day I handed in my resignation, and I said to
myself I would never put myself in that kind of position again. I de-
cided to return to studying and go in for law. I graduated from London
University and now Im starting to make my way in the world. As my
father used to say, The world is my oyster.
So was my father right? Is it important to get on in the world?
Well, in some ways it is, but it depends on how your measure success
and what you want to get out of life. After all, there are other things
in life besides work.
A B
1. to cut back (on) a. to learn something without diffi-
(something) culty or special study
2. to close (something) b. to make someone feel depressed
down
3. to turn someone/ c. to close something (a factory or
something down organization) temporarily or
permanently
4. to take someone on d. to manage to survive and have
a satisfactory life
235
5. to get on e. to use or require a certain amo-
unt of time, effort, or space
6. to pick something up f. to employ someone
7. to take up an amount g. to choose something as ones
of something career
8. to get by h. to refuse or reject someone/
(on something) something
9. to get someone down i. to reduce something, especially
to save money
10. go in for something j. to succeed, to be successful in
ones job
for you.
1. The company has employed extra staff.
(take on)
The company has taken on extra staff.
2. Ive decided to make a career in medicine.
(go in for)
3. She survives on a very small income.
(get by)
4. He didnt accept my offer of help.
(turn down)
5. The factory will have to reduce production.
(cut back on)
6. The bad working conditions depress me.
(get me down)
7. The company has stopped doing business.
(close down)
8. I learnt some Arabic while I was in Cairo.
(pick up)
9. She wants to be a success in her job.
(get on)
10. Writing reports uses a lot of my time.
(take up)
236
3. Work with your partner. Take turns interviewing one an-
other, using the questions below. Try to use the following
multi-word verbs and expressions in your questions and
answers.
cut out for go in for get by get on (in life/the world)
take on turn down apply for
pick up take up get someone down be accepted onto/for
e.g. A: What profession do you think you are cut out for?
B: I think Im cut out for acting because I like speaking
in public.
1. Which of these jobs are you most / least suited to? Why?
business management acting
administrative work nursing
teaching secretarial work
social work academic work
2. What made you choose your present career or course of study?
3. What kind of things make you feel depressed at work or at
school?
4. What aspects of your work or study require most time?
5. How important is it to be successful in life? Why?
6. How important is it to have a job that pays a lot of money? Why?
7. Have you acquired any new skills recently?
8. Where did you learn them?
It is possible to say We must cut back without including an object in
the sentence. However, if the object is included, we can add another
particle.
237
We must cut back on expenditure.
With this particular multi-word verb the particle on is optional. The
same is true of to cut down (on) (something).
I must cut down on the amount of chocolate I eat.
Here are some more multi-word verbs which can be used with or
without an object.
Shes falling behind. How are you getting on?
She dropped in. Theyve moved out.
Shall we carry on? I never look back.
I get by. We dont get on.
However, if these verbs take an object, they always need another par-
ticle.
Carry on with your work while Im away.
4. Supply the missing particles in the sentences below.
1. Im falling behind... my work at school. 2. How are you getting
on... your studies? 3. She dropped in... us last weekend. 4. Weve
moved out... our flat. 5. Please carry on... what you were saying. 6. I
often look back ... my childhood. 7. I cant get by ... less than 50 a
week. 8. Stephen doesnt get on ... his maths teacher.
1. . 2. .
3. , -
. 4. ? 5. -
. 6. -
. 7. . 8. .
9. - . 10.
. 11. .
12. , .
13. . 14. ,
.
238
6. Seven people are talking about their work. What are their
jobs?
1.
Im often on duty at weekends, especially if there is a football match
or a demonstration. Im there to see things dont get out of control. I
think you have to be cut out for this type of work because it isnt easy
and can be dangerous. You serve the public and youre there to pro-
tect them, but they dont always appreciate what youre trying to do.
The pay and conditions are all right, which is a good thing because
you cant go on strike.
2.
Sometimes Im on duty all night and it isnt easy to take time off
work. The salary isnt very good I can get by on it but Id never
go on strike, because its my job to look after people and I know they
depend on me. Sometimes you have to put up with bad working con-
ditions but you know that what youre doing is an extremely worth-
while job.
3.
Well, basically I pick people up and I drop them off. I take them
where they want to go to and thats it.
4.
You have to be cut out for this kind of work, otherwise you shouldnt
go in for it. You have to learn a lot of things by heart, and you can
suffer from nerves throughout the whole of your professional life. You
are often out of work and you have to be very ambitious and lucky to
get on, but if you do, the worlds your oyster.
5.
You have to be good at getting on with people, and you have to remain
calm at all times you must never panic. You need some training for
this job, but some things you can pick up quite quickly. Its exciting to
stop off in exotic places and look round for a few days, but sometimes
the work can be very routine and the pay is average.
6.
You have to work long hours, and you can be on call twenty-four
hours a day, but its wonderful to be able to use your knowledge to
239
help people and relieve suffering. I think people tend to look up to
you as a result.
7.
Like all professionals, you have to be committed to what youre do-
ing. Im at work very early in the morning to set things up so that
everything is ready when the day starts. The work takes up a lot of my
time, especially preparation time and going through peoples work
and correcting it. The poor pay sometimes gets me down, but I be-
lieve in what Im doing and thats the most important thing.
7. Complete this interview by putting the correct form of one
of the phrasal verbs in each space.
carry on, come about, cut down, do away with, draw out,
drop in, face up to, give up, go on, grow up, lay off, let out,
make up, pay in, set up, shut down, stay in
Interviewer: I understand that your early life was not easy. Can you
tell us a little about it? Where were you born?
Ruth: In Barnsley, in the north of England and thats where I
grew up.
Interviewer: Were you lonely as a child?
Ruth: I had three sisters and two brothers so it was never
quiet. There was always something ... . The house was
never empty because neighbours ... all the time.
Interviewer: Do you remember any particularly happy moments?
Ruth: Yes, when we went to bed my mother always told us
stories. She didnt have a book she just ... them ...
herself.
Interviewer: And then things went wrong. How did that ...?
Ruth: Well, in the first place my father smoked a lot. He al-
ways said that he was going to , but he never did. He
got very ill and he was in hospital for several weeks.
Even when the hospital him ... , he wasnt well. He
240
had to and keep warm so that his bronchitis wouldnt
start again. But at least he had the sense to finally
smoking.
Interviewer: But things got worse.
Ruth: Yes, while he was recovering we heard that the factory
where he worked had a lot of workers. At first he
wasnt affected but then we heard that they were going
to the factory .
Interviewer: And then things got better.
Ruth: Yes, my parents had to their new situation. They
said that businesses could factory workers but they
would always need office staff. Luckily they had a sav-
ings account and every week they had something
. Now they decided to their savings and a little
business selling office equipment. It did quite well and
when they retired I decided to it .
Interviewer: Well, that is a story with a happy end. Thank you for
speaking to me.
Topic: Medical Matters
Healthy Body, Healthy Mind
Doc: Doctor
T: Ms Teresa Green RB: Mr Rich Brown
IR: Mr Ivor Rose LW: Mrs Lily White
1.
Doc: Hello, Mr Brown. And how are you?
RB: Well, I havent been feeling very well recently. I get out of
breath very easily when I climb stairs or walk short distances,
and last week I started getting pains in my chest.
Doc: Mm, I see. Do you smoke?
RB: Yes, I get through about 30 cigarettes a day.
Doc: Thats rather a lot. Have you tried giving up?
241
RB: I have, doctor, but I cant break the habit.
Doc: Well, I think you should at least try to cut down on the amount
you smoke. What about your eating habits? Have you put on
any weight recently?
RB: Yes, Im a little overweight at the moment. You see, I eat in
cafes most of the time and I tend to drive everywhere because
of my job. I sell sports equipment.
Doc: Well, it sounds as if youre out of condition. I think you need
to take some regular exercise.
RB: What, you mean take up jogging?
Doc: Well, jogging or something like that, but the most important
thing is, I think you need to lose some weight, so I want you to
go on a diet.
RB: Go on a diet?
Doc: Yes, its particularly important that you cut out fatty foods.
What about alcohol? How much do you drink?
RB: About two or three pints of beer in the evenings.
Doc: I think you need to cut out drinking completely for the next
few months.
RB: Thats easier said than done, doctor.
Doc: I agree, but if you dont change your lifestyle, you could be in
trouble ...
2.
Doc: Hello, Teresa. And what seems to be the problem?
T: Well, Im not feeling very well at the moment. Im preparing
for exams and Ive been staying up late at night studying. This
morning I got out of bed very early to do some more work, and
I passed out. My flatmate found me on the floor. I came round
after a few seconds.
Doc: Mm. Have you had any other symptoms?
T: Well, I have been feeling a bit off colour and sometimes I get
splitting headaches. What do you think is wrong with me?
Doc: Well, it sounds as if youve been burning the candle at both
242
ends. Youve probably been overdoing it and youre overtired.
I dont think its anything to worry about, but I think you
should take it easy for a while and try to get enough sleep.
T: Yes, I havent been getting much sleep lately.
Doc: Ill give you something to help you relax in the evenings. And
just try to have a few early nights.
T: Thank you, doctor.
3.
Doc: Hello, its Mrs White, isnt it?
LW: Thats right, doctor.
Doc: What can I do for you?
LW: Oh dear. Im always tired, doctor Im absolutely worn out at
the end of the day.
Doc: Are you eating regular meals?
LW: Well, I dont really have time to eat Im too busy with the
children. And we dont have much money for food because
my husbands out of work.
Doc: It sounds to me as if youre a bit run down. Ill write out a pre-
scription for some extra iron and vitamins, and Id like you to
come back in a couple of weeks so I can see how youre getting
on.
LW: Thank you, doctor.
4.
Doc: Hello, Mr Rose. How are you feeling?
IR: I feel a bit under the weather. Ive got a headache and I ache
all over.
Doc: Mm. Youve probably picked something up. Let me see. Yes,
youre running a temperature. I think youre going down with
flu.
IR: How long will it take me to get over it? You see, I need to get
back to work as soon as possible.
Doc: About four or five days. Ill write out a prescription for some
pain killers for you. Take these tablets three times a day after
243
meals. Meanwhile, my advice is to go to bed with a hot water
bottle and drink lots of fluids. After a few days you should feel
as right as rain.

1. to get over something a. to increase in weight or size
2. to come/go down with b. to recover from an illness,
something shock or surprise
3. to get through an c. to develop the symptoms of
amount of something an illness or disease
4. to pick something up d. to use a quantity of something
such as food or money
5. to cut something out e. to reduce something, to
consume less of something
6. to put on an amount f. to develop an interest in some-
of something thing as a hobby or profession
7. to take something up g. to recover consciousness
8. to cut down (on) h. to stop doing/using something
something
9. to pass out i. to catch an illness
10. to come round j. to faint, to lose consciousness
for a short time because of lack
of food or air, or because of
shock
for you.
1. Achoo! Oh dear, I think Im starting to catch a cold.
(come down with)
Achoo! Oh dear, I think Im coming down with a cold.
2. I think I caught my cold from Jim.
(pick up)
3. It took me a week to recover from my last cold.
(get over)
244
4. I really must reduce the amount I smoke.
(cut down on)
5. I smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
(get through)
6. My weight has increased recently.
(put on)
7. I must stop eating chips.
(cut out)
8. Ive started playing golf as a hobby.
(take up)
9. I think Im going to faint.
(pass out)
10. I recovered consciousness a few seconds later.
(come round)
1. . -
. 2. ,
40. 3. . 4. ,
,
. 5. . 6. -
. 7. ,
. 8. .
down
The particle down can be used with some verbs to give the idea of re-
ducing something (decreasing in strength, size, or intensity).
I think you should try to cut down (on) the amount you
smoke.
The radio is very loud. Can you turn it down, please?
245
4. Work with your partner. Say what you think the following
multi-word verbs mean.
slow down bring something down calm down
cool down quieten down die down
5. In the following sentences, the multi-word verbs are all
mixed up. Correct them.
1. This soup is too hot to eat. Ill wait for it to slow down. 2. The
government is trying to calm down the rate of inflation. 3. You are
driving too fast. Please quieten down. 4. Dont get so angry! Just bring
down. 5. Can you ask the children to die down? They are making so
much noise I cant hear myself think! 6. The wind blew strongly for
several hours but then it started to cool down.
6. Tell the story of Mr Brown. Use the multi-word verbs and
expressions from this unit.
out of condition to be/go on a diet
to put on (an amount of something) to give something up
to get through (an amount of something) out of breath
to cut something out to knock someone down
to cut down (on) (something) to come round
to take something up out of danger
246
Topic: Education
Getting Down to Work
George had problems with studying, so he wrote to a magazine prob-
lem page for advice.
Dear Marjorie
Im having problems with my studies at school. I find it difficult
to get down to work in the evenings and I cant concentrate on any-
thing at the moment. I spend most of my time listening to records or
watching TV instead of doing my homework. The other students in
my class are much better than I am and I have difficulty in keeping up
with them. I sometimes have problems with following the lessons as
well. I cant always take down the important things my teacher says
because I write so slowly. She has told me that Im falling behind with
my studies. Im not good at writing essays and I usually hand in my
homework late because I put off doing it until the last minute. So I
often have to invent silly excuses to explain why I havent done the
work. Im sure Im not going to get through my final exams in June.
I scraped through the mock exams last February with 54 % all the
other students passed with flying colours. Im now so far behind that
I dont know how Im going to catch up with them. My teacher spent
some time going through my homework with me but she found so
many mistakes that I felt even more depressed.
What do you suggest I do?
Yours desperately,
George

1. to get down to doing a. to be behind with something,
something not at the level expected
2. to keep up with someone / b. to start work on something
something
3. to take something down c. to postpone, to decide to do
something at a later date
4. to fall behind d. to pass an exam or test
(with something)
247
5. to hand something in e. to check that something is cor-
rect, to examine something
6. to put something off f. to reach the same standard or
position as someone else
7. to get through (something) g. to give something to someone
in a position of authority
8. to scrape through h. to remain at the same standard
(something) or position as someone else
9. to catch up (with someone / i. to record in writing what some-
something) one is saying
10. to go through something j. to pass an exam but with a very
low grade
for you.
1. Can I give you my homework tomorrow?
(hand in)
Can I hand in my homework tomorrow?
2. Can you check my homework to see if there are any mistakes?
(go through)
3. Could we postpone our meeting until tomorrow?
(put off)
4. I must begin work.
(get down to)
5. I didnt pass the exam.
(get through)
6. I passed my history exam with only 54 %.
(scrape through)
7. Can I write down your name and address?
(take down)
8. Shes remaining at the same level as the other students in class.
(keep up with)
248
9. Everyone in class is making progress with their studies, but Im
getting worse and worse.
(fall behind)
10. I must try to reach the same level as the other students in my
class.
(catch up with)
3. Ask your partner the questions below, try to use the multi-
word verbs from this unit in your questions and answers.
A: How are you getting on with your studies?
B: At the moment Im falling behind a little, so Ill have to work
harder to catch up with the rest of the class.
1. How are you getting on with your studies?
2. What things do you write down in lessons?
3. Do you always do your homework immediately?
4. How do you check there are no mistakes in your work before you
give it to your teacher?
5. How do you think you will do in your future exams?
through
The particle through can be used with some verbs to give the idea
of reading something (sometimes quickly) in order to find informa-
tion.
go through something read through something
look through something
The particle through can also be used with some verbs to give the idea
of completing something, such as an exam or test.
scrape through something get through something
sail through something (to succeed in something without
any difficulty)
249
Through can also be used to describe completing a process of
thought.
think something through (to consider something in detail in
order to understand it completely and then make a decision
or take action)
4. Study and practise the following sentences. Translate
them.
1. She has had a long and difficult life. She has lived through two world
wars and a revolution. 2. It was a horrible and painful experience.
I never want to go through anything like that again. 3. Dr Joness lec-
tures are long and boring. I refuse to sit through any more of them.
4. Hes a heavy sleeper. If a fire alarm started ringing, Im sure he
would sleep through it. 5. We both felt much better after we had sat
down and talked through all our problems. 6. Ive read through your
letter very carefully.
The particle down can be used with some verbs to give the idea of
recording something in writing.
write something down/ copy something down
put something down (to write something exactly
(to write or type words as it is written somewhere
or numbers) else)
get something down note something down
(to manage to write down (to make short notes about
what someone is saying, something so they can be
usually with difficulty) referred to later)
5. Study and practise the following sentences. Make up your
own sentences for these multi-word verbs.
1. Can you copy down his address for me? 2. Have you got the details
down? 3. The teacher will demonstrate an experiment to the students
who will then note it down and write it up. 4. You havent put Profes-
250
sor Mangels name down on the list. 5. Write down the address before
you forget it. 6. Did you get his number down?
in = from all directions (to the centre) or from several people
Have all the pupils handed in their examination papers?
out = to all directions or to several people
Will you help the teacher to give out the exercise books?
come in/out give sth in/out pour (sth) in/out bring sth/sb in
go in/out hand sth in/out send sth/sb in/out take sth/sb out
6. Complete the paragraphs, using a suitable phrasal verb
from the list above. Although there is more than one correct
answer in most cases, you should not use the same verb
twice.
A. People all kinds of things at a lost property office. Recently
someone even a small elephant! Every day hundreds of en-
quiries about articles which people have lost or mislaid. If no
one has the articles concerned, the lost property office will ...
... descriptions to all the other lost property offices in the area.
B. Over 20,000 application forms for the chess competition have
been . They were posted during the last three days. In ad-
dition, 2,000 forms yesterday by people standing in busy
shopping centres, and so it appears that the competition will be
a great success. Completed forms are already beginning to ... ... .
All forms should be , using the stamped addressed envelopes
provided. Forms should not be ... ... personally to this office: there
are not enough staff to deal with them.
1. . 2. 10 .
. 3. .
251
4. . . 5.
. 6. ,
. 7. - . 8.
,
. 9. , .
Picking Up
... As for my Arabic ... well, things are not going too badly. I feel
Im slowly picking it up. I go to classes every morning for an hour and
a half. They are OK, but the teacher is very strict. He gets irritated if
you make a mistake, so I just shut up and dont say anything, but I do
take lots of notes. We do some speaking and a little writing every day
and Im gradually beginning to work out the difference between all
the letters of the alphabet, though its not easy. Some people in the
class have studied Arabic before and they generally catch on much
quicker than me when new things are introduced, but I try and do
lots of homework and so Im keeping up with the others OK.
The best thing though is just walking around town people often
ask you to come in their shop and have a cup of tea. Obviously I cant
say much yet but its a good chance for them to practise their English
and for me to practise my Arabic. Somehow, between us, we can gen-
erally get across what we want to say.
Its funny but some words and expressions you hear again and
again; like shokran (which means thank you). I try and make an
effort to find out what new words mean, either by asking someone or
by looking them up in my English/Arabic dictionary, and then learn-
ing them by heart.
All in all, I feel Im able to get by in Arabic for the day-to-day
things like shopping, catching buses and taxis, saying Hello to peo-
ple and so on.
My job, on the other hand, has not been going so well...
1. Find a phrasal verb in the text that means:
communicate, survive, discover, keep quiet, learn, understand,
maintain the same level, look for information in a reference book,
mentally calculate
252
2. Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. More
than one answer is possible in some cases.
e.g. was she she out angry when found very
When she found out she was very angry.
1. him up father to his told shut
2. up it you what it if know dont means look
3. difficult it across to was get idea the
4. Spanish on enough Ive get got holiday to by
5. what he I out means work cant
6. catch I not saying they on could what to was
7. workers I up by job picked the watching the other
8. that him he keep so with fast cant walks I up
3. Can you think of an appropriate way to end/begin what
these people are saying?
e.g. I have never been able to find out ... why the English drive on
the left-hand side of the road.
1. I sometimes find it difficult to keep up ... . 2. I catch on quickly
when ... . 3. I cant work out why ... . 4. ... and so I shut up! 5. ...
and so I looked it up in a dictionary. 6. ... but I managed to get by.
7. ... but I couldnt get across what I meant. 8. ... and I picked it up
very quickly.
out
The particle out can be used with some verbs to give the idea of solv-
ing something.
We have sorted out our problems and everything is fine now.
italics mean.
1. Im only interested in finding out what the facts are. 2. It is some-
times difficult to make out what is said over an airport loudspeaker.
253
3. Oxford is trying out another idea to help working parents. 4. It may
look true in the short run and turn out to be false in the longer run.
5. Dont tell me the answer. I want to work it out for myself. 6. If the
heating breaks down, an engineer will quickly sort things out.
5. Discuss with another student your experience of beginning
to learn a new language either English or possibly another
language. Use the phrasal verbs from this unit as appropri-
ate.
Ask and answer:
- what language it was
- why you were trying to learn it
- how you were trying to learn it (in a class, from books etc)
- what helped you the most to learn it
- if you had any particular difficulties
- if you liked learning it and why/why not
- what you think your level is in this language now and what you
can do in it, for example, get by in everyday situations
6. Write a short text for foreigners coming to your country
about the best way for them to pick up the language and
how to get by in simple everyday situations.
Topic: News
Whats in the News?
Here is the seven oclock news. First, the news headlines.
- Thieves break in at the Royal Gallery
- Ship goes down at sea near the Sussex coast
- Three men break out of Brixton prison
- Plane comes down in jungle
254
- Chemical factory blows up
- Severe weather cuts off towns in the north
- Damaged plane touches down safely
Now here is the news in detail.
Thieves break in at the Royal Gallery
Last night thieves broke into the Royal Gallery and got away with
paintings worth over a quarter of a million pounds. The break-in hap-
pened around 11.00 oclock in the evening, but was not discovered
until the early hours of the morning. At present it is not known how
the thieves got into the building, though a security guard is helping
the police with their enquiries.
Ship goes down at sea near the Sussex coast
A ship has gone down at sea off the south coast of England follow-
ing an explosion in its engine room. The ship was carrying a cargo of
wood and was heading for Liverpool. The fire spread rapidly and was
soon out of control. However, all the crew were picked up safely by
the rescue services.
Three men break out of Brixton prison
Three men broke out of Brixton prison this morning. They overpow-
ered a prison officer and escaped by climbing over the wall. They
were seen making off in a red car that was waiting for them outside
the prison. One of the men was later picked up by the police, but the
other two men are still on the run. Police have warned the public not
to approach these men, as they may be armed and dangerous.
Plane comes down in jungle
A plane with two English passengers on board has come down in
dense jungle in Brazil. It seems that one of the engines cut out while
the plane was heading for Rio de Janeiro, and the pilot was forced to
make a crash landing in the jungle. A rescue team is now searching
for survivors.
255
Chemical factory blows up
News is coming in of an explosion at a chemical processing plant in
Luton. It seems that part of the factory blew up and a fire has broken
out. Although the fire is dying down and the situation is under con-
trol, the fire brigade say they wont be able to put it out completely
for several hours.
Severe weather cuts off towns in the north
Severe weather conditions in the north of England have cut off several
towns and villages. Many roads are impassable due to heavy falls of
snow. Supplies of food are being flown into some villages by helicop-
ter.
Damaged plane touches down safely
A plane had to make an emergency landing at Heathrow this morn-
ing when one of its doors blew off. Shortly after taking off an ex-
plosion was heard and the plane had to turn back to Heathrow. The
emergency services were standing by in case of a crash landing, but
the plane touched down safely.
I never want to go through an experience like that again! said
the passenger who had been sitting next to the door. I dont think
Ill ever get over the shock of seeing the door come off and a drop of
1,000 metres beneath me!

1. to pick someone up a. to escape from a place where
one is a prisoner
2. to pick someone up b. to catch or arrest someone
3. to cut out c. to succeed in stealing some-
thing and escaping with it
4. to blow (something) up d. to be ready to provide help or
take action if it is needed
256
5. to make off e. to explode, to destroy some-
thing with explosives
6. to break into somewhere/ f. to stop working (of an engine
to break in or machine)
7. to cut something/ g. to enter a building or room ille-
someone off gally or by force
8. to get away with h. to isolate something or some-
something one from something
9. to break out i. to rescue someone from danger,
(of somewhere) especially from the sea
10. to stand by j. to leave in a hurry, especially to
escape from other people
for you.
1. The engine keeps stopping.
(cut out)
The engine keeps cutting out.
2. The survivors were rescued from the sea by helicopter.
(pick up)
3. Dont touch it! It might explode!
(blow up)
4. He was arrested by the police for possessing drugs.
(pick up)
5. The police are ready for action in case there is trouble.
(stand by)
6. Someone entered our house illegally at the weekend.
(break into)
7. Our village was isolated by a snowstorm for a week.
(cut off)
8. Hes escaped from prison again.
(break out)
9. The robbers succeeded in stealing over 100,000.
(get away with)
257
10. I tried to stop the thief, but he escaped on a motorbike.
(make off)
Multi-word verbs as nouns and adjectives
Some multi-word verbs can be used to make nouns and adjectives.
They are usually made by combining the infinitive of the verb stem
with the particle. If your car broke down on the motorway you could
say:
I had a breakdown on the motorway, so I called the breakdown
service.
Similarly, the verb to get away (= escape) can be used to form a noun
or an adjective.
The robbers made their getaway in a blue car. The next day the
police found the getaway car a short distance from the scene of
the crime.
The stress is normally on the first part of the word. ( breakdown, get-
away)
3. The particle out can be used with some verbs to give the
idea of something stopping completely. Look at the sen-
tences below and say what it is that has just stopped.
e.g. The firefighters put out the fire. = The fire stopped.
1. The engine was working all right but then it suddenly cut out.
2. After two years at university he decided to drop out. 3. She had to
pull out of the competition because of a leg injury. 4. The shop has
sold out of that style of jumper. 5. This species of bird died out in the
nineteenth century. 6. They used to be good friends but they fell out
last summer.
1. . 2.
(on a charge of theft). 3. .
258
4. . 5.
, . 6. .
7. . 8. ,
. 9. .
10. . 11.
. 12.
.
Topic: Telephoning
be through (Operator) Go ahead and speak.
Youre through now.
call sb up Katies going to call you up tonight,
cut sb off We were in the middle of an interesting
(often passive) conversation when we were cut off.
get through (to sb) Did you get through to Ken? Yes, I
spoke to him at last.
hang up I hung up when Ben began to insult me.
hold on The operator asked me to hold on while
she connected us.
look sth up Can you look up Marys number in the
phone directory?
phone sb up Please phone us up as soon as you get
home.
put the phone/ Why did you put the receiver down
the receiver down so quickly? The person at the other end
of the line was very rude to me.
put sb through I asked the receptionist to put me through
to the manager.
ring /call sb back Can you ask Sue to ring /call me back when
she returns?
ring off The caller rang off before I could ask for
her number.
ring sb up Linda promised to ring the theatre up and
book two seats.
259
1. Complete the conversation, using phrasal verbs from the
list above.
A: Do you know the number of Lawson Mount Hospital?
B: Im sorry, I dont. Why dont you it in the directory?
A: I dont have a directory for that area.
B: Well, directory enquiries.
A: Oh, heres the number. Its 774492. Id written it on this bit of
paper. Hello, is that Lawson Mount Hospital? Can you me
to Ward 2, please?
C: a moment, please.
A: Hello, is that Ward 2? Can I speak to ...? Thats strange. The
lines gone dead. Weve been .
B: the phone , wait a moment and then dial the number again.
Im sure youll eventually to the hospital.
A: All right. Here goes! (pause) Hello, is that Ward 2? Id ... . Would
you believe it? Theyve !
B: They cant have done that. Theres obviously something wrong
with the phone.
2. Read the telephone conversation below. Substitute expres-
sions containing a phrasal verb for the words and expres-
sions in italics.
Caller: Can I speak to Sue Brown, please?
Operator: Just a moment, please. Ill connect you.
(after a few seconds)
Operator: Go ahead, caller. You are connected now.
Secretary: Sue Browns office.
Caller: Hello. Is Sue Brown there, please?
Secretary: No, Im afraid shes just gone out. Would you like to
leave a message?
Caller: Well, tell her I phoned her. Actually, Ive been trying to
reach her by telephone for a couple of days. Tell her that
260
the last time I phoned, the operator stopped our conver-
sation before wed finished. I dont want her to think
that I finished the conversation by replacing the receiver.
In fact, I waited for ten minutes, but the line was com-
pletely dead. Could you ask her to return my telephone
call this evening?
1. He ! 2. , , - -
. 3. -
, . 4. .
5. ! . 6.
. 7. , .
8. , . 9. - ,
. 10. -
, ? 11.
. 12. ? 13.
, . 14. ,
.
Getting Through
Operator: Hello. Britex Ltd. Can I help you?
John Stevens: Yes. Id like to speak to Karen Miller in Marketing.
Operator: Putting you through.
Operator Im sorry but the lines busy at the moment. Can you
hold on?
John Stevens: Yes. Thats fine.
Operator: Youre through now, caller.
Karen Miller: Hello?
John Stevens: Hello Karen. This is John Stevens from Comtec.
Karen Miller: Who? Sorry, this isnt a very good line. Could you
speak up please?
John Stevens: Yes, sorry. This is John Stevens from Comtec.
Karen Miller: Oh, hello John. What can 1 do for you?
John Stevens: Well, actually, Im phoning about next weeks meet-
ing.
261
Karen Miller: You mean the one on Thursday?
John Stevens: Yes, thats right. Thursday the 24th at 9.30 a.m.
Karen Miller: You dont want to call it off, do you?
John Stevens: No, not at all. But we need to put it off for at least a
week.
Karen Miller: Oh, whys that?
John Stevens: Well. Were having problems getting all the figures
together.
Karen Miller: I see. Have you told Jack Ryan?
John Stevens: No, not yet. I havent been able to get through to him.
Ive left a message but he hasnt called me back yet.
Karen Miller: Fine. When were you thinking of?
John Stevens: To be on the safe side, why dont we say the 5th or the
6th of November.
Karen Miller: Just a minute. I need to check my diary. In fact I
think the 5th would be better for me. Same time?
John Stevens: Yes, thats fine.
Karen Miller: And youre sure youre going to be ready by then?
This meeting is extremely important for us. You
know that we are counting on you.
John Stevens: Yes, absolutely. No question. Weve never let you
down before, have we?
Karen Miller: No, true. Good. Well, see you on the 5th then.
John Stevens: OK. Thanks very much. Bye.
Karen Miller: Bye.
1. Focus on phrasal verbs.
1. Putting you through.
2. Can you hold on?
3. Could you speak up please?
4. You dont want to call it off, do you?
5. We need to put it off for at least a week.
6. I havent been able to get through to him.
7. He hasnt called me back yet.
262
8. You know that we are counting on you.
9. Weve never let you down before, have we?
2. Rephrase using the phrasal verbs from this unit:
return the call ......
wait ......
postpone ......
connect ......
cancel ......
make contact ......
fail/disappoint ......
depend on ......
talk louder ......
3. Six of these sentences are grammatically possible, six are
not. Find the incorrect sentences and correct them. The
f irst one has been done for you.
1. Ive been trying to get you through for ages but the lines always
engaged! NOT CORRECT.
Ive been trying to get through to you for ages but the lines always
engaged!
2. Please hold it on. Mr Jameson will be with you in a minute.
3. Dont let down me. I really need your help this time.
4. Can you call back later, Im rather busy at the moment?
5. You cant call off the wedding now weve sent out the invita-
tions!
6. Please call back me before this evening.
7. Do you mind if we put off coming until next weekend?
8. You can never count on him. Hes just unreliable.
9. Is your phone broken? I can never seem to get you through.
263
10. Can you put me through to Mike for a quick word?
11. Please speak it up, I cant hear you.
12. If we let them down again, they will cancel the order.
4. In pairs, ask and answer these questions.
1. What would you do if you wanted to complain over the phone to
the manager of an organisation but the secretary wouldnt put
you through to her/him?
2. What do you do when someone tells you to hold on and you are
still holding on five minutes later?
3. When would you ask someone to speak up?
4. If you had an important message for someone but you couldnt
get through to them, what would you do?
5. Have you ever arranged an important event and then had to call it
off? If so, why?
6. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today. What do you
think of this saying?
7. Have you ever been seriously let down by a friend that you have
been counting on? What happened?
Topic: Money. At the Bank
Winning a Fortune
Up until a year ago, Arthur and Mildred Watkins were just a very
ordinary middle-aged couple. They lived in a small suburb, just out-
side Birmingham. With two teenage children and a large mortgage,
life wasnt easy. And then disaster struck ... Arthur lost his job. Mil-
dred remembers what happened:
Arthur just couldnt find another job. He was too old, you see. Soon
we had fallen behind with mortgage payments and they cut the phone
off as we couldnt pay the bill. We had to borrow money from the bank,
264
from friends... it was awful! It began to really get me down. Arthur began
drinking a lot. I just didnt know what to do.
And then the incredible happened ... Arthur continues the
story:
We got this letter official-looking it was. I thought it was going to
be another demand from the bank, but it wasnt. It was a letter telling us
we had won 2,000,000.
From that day Arthur and Mildreds life changed completely.
But not all for the good.
The first thing they did was to settle up all their debts. Then they
bought a large Rolls-Royce and several fur coats for Mildred. They
moved down south and bought a large luxury flat in the middle of
the West End of London. They flew on Concorde to the States, went
around the casinos in Las Vegas and stayed in all the big hotels.
Our big mistake was not planning what to do with the money. We
never put any by. I suppose we just went a bit mad. As well as that, a lot
of people wrote to us, telling us about all their problems and why they
needed money. So we gave away a lot of money. We wanted to help.
Another problem arose when they were visited by a certain
Mr James Harkington. Mr Harkington introduced himself as a
professional investment consultant...
That Harkington man he really ripped us off. He looked so
respectable and told us how we had to invest our money carefully for the
future. Anyway, we agreed to buy shares in some company in Manchester.
After just four weeks we heard it was out of business and we had lost all
our money. Harkington had disappeared.
And now... the money has nearly all gone. Arthur and Mildred
are trying to sell their London flat and move back to Birmingham but
things arent looking good.
None of our friends want to see us now, they all say we are too good
for them now. Things just cant go on like this but I just dont know what
we are going to do.
1. Find a phrasal verb in the text that means:
save, continue, cheat, be late, distribute, depress, disconnect, pay
back
265
2. Match the halves of the dialogue.
e.g. 1 d)
- Can we settle up at the end of the week?
- Sure, whenever youve got the money.
1. Can we settle up at the end of the week?
2. Why do you never seem to have any money these days?
3. Whats the matter? Why are you looking so angry?
4. Why dont we give away those old chairs?
5. Did you really sell him that antique table for only 20?
6. Are you and John still arguing a lot?
7. What will happen if he goes on being late for work?
8. Why do you want the money?
a) Who to? No-one would want them.
b) Yes. Its really beginning to get me down.
c) I have fallen behind with the rent again and the landlord said if we
dont pay well have to go.
d) Sure, whenever youve got the money.
e) Hell probably get the sack.
f) They have just cut off the gas and electricity but I paid all the
bills.
g) Im trying to put by as much as I can so that we can buy a new
car.
h) Why? Do you think he ripped me off?
3. Complete the following gaps with one of the phrasal verbs
from the text.
1. If you working like this, you will have a heart attack. 2. Its
easy to be when you buy a second-hand car. 3. He has been
unemployed for more than a year. Its really ... him ... . 4. I promise
Ill when I get my next pay cheque. 5. He decided to ... ... all
his money and go and work with the poor in Calcutta. 6. When we
266
with payments for our new car, they sent someone to take it
back. 7. Im trying to ... a little money ... each month to give my
grandchildren, when they are a little older. 8. When we didnt pay the
telephone bill, we were .
4. Prepare to tell the story of Arnold and Mabel, a couple
similar to Arthur and Mildred who were very poor but who
also won 2,000,000. Arnold and Mabel had a fantastic
time with the money and are now much happier as a result.
Write up the story you prepared.
Setting Up
Bank Manager: Come in, come in. Please sit down.
Mark: Thank you. Thanks very much for fitting me in. I
know you must be very busy.
Bank Manager: Not at all. We do try to be available as much as pos-
sible.
Mark: Well, as you know, Ive come to see if there is any
chance of the bank lending me some money to
help me set up a small restaurant in the centre of
town.
Bank Manager: Yes, well ... I need to ask you one or two questions
to start with.
Mark: Of course.
Bank Manager: Do you have any capital of your own?
Mark: Well, in fact, Ive just come into some money. You
see my grandmother recently died and left me
40,000 which I wanted to use for the business.
Bank Manager: I see. And have you actually picked out a suitable
location, a building for the restaurant?
Mark: Yes, I think so. In Lincoln Road. Its on the ground
floor. It used to be a small supermarket but it went
bankrupt. Ive looked it over quite carefully. Its not
in very good condition and we need to do it up a bit
but that means it will be much cheaper to buy.
Bank Manager: Fine. And how about future plans?
267
Mark: Well obviously I will see how things go at first but
really Id like to branch out after a year or two and
open up in the suburbs if things go well.
Bank Manager: Right, well, you just need to fill in this form with
a few details and send it to us as soon as you can.
Then we can arrange a meeting to discuss terms.
Mark: So you dont think Im going to be turned down?
Bank Manager: I really cant say at this stage. We need to see all
the relevant information first and then well be in a
better position to ...
1. Choose the correct meaning of each of these phrasal
verbs:
1. fit in = find time/give an interview
2. set up = buy/start
3. come into = inherit/borrow
4. pick out = look for/choose
5. look over = examine/think about alternatives
6. do up = repair and decorate/buy furniture
7. branch out = expand/sell
8. fill in = look at/complete
9. turn down = refuse/consider
2. Find the grammatical mistake in each sentence.
e.g. Im terribly sorry, but I dont think we can fit in you this
week.
Im terribly sorry, but I dont think we can fit you in this
week.
1. Were thinking of branching it out into mens clothes next year.
2. I cant believe it. Shes come a fortune into. 3. Excuse me, madam,
but have you picked it out the one you want yet? 4. He looked over on
my article quickly and, without a word, threw it in the bin. 5. Of co-
urse, it needs do up, but basically its a real bargain. 6. If you could
just fill in, sir, with details of exactly what you saw and heard. Then
268
you can go. 7. Hes very upset. He never expected to be turn down. 8.
We must to set up a committee to discover exactly what happened.
1. () .
2. . 3.
, -
( ). 4. ,
. 5 -
. 6. -
. 7. . 8.
. 9. , -
. 10. .
Money! Money! Money!
A self-made woman:
I come from a very poor background. My parents never had any
money so we literally lived from hand to mouth. Thats probably why
I set out to become rich before I was thirty. I found a job in a company,
and when Id saved enough money I started up my own business.
What do I put my success down to? Hard work. You have to work hard
for what you want in this life.
A rich woman:
Im fortunate because I came into a lot of money when my aunt died
and left me everything. I invested the money and now I live off the
interest. I suppose Im what you would call well-off -but money isnt
everything. Sometimes it creates more problems than it solves.
A bankrupt businessman:
At one time I was extremely well-off, but then came the stock mar-
ket crash and I lost everything. I had no money to pay off my debts
and I was declared bankrupt. What did I learn from this experience?
Firstly, money doesnt grow on trees, and secondly, when you lose
269
everything you find out who your real friends are theyre the ones
who stay with you when you come down in the world.
Unemployed person:
The last job I had was so badly paid that I couldnt make ends meet
on my salary, and as a result I was always getting into debt. Everything
was becoming more expensive all the time but my salary stayed the
same, so I couldnt keep up with the cost of living. My bank account
was in the red and I had no savings to fall back on. And then I lost my
job. Now things are really hard and I have to get by on less than 70
a week. I know they say money cant buy happiness, but Id rather be
rich and unhappy than poor and unhappy.
A middle-aged regular saver:
Some people spend money like water, but not me I believe in sav-
ing up for a rainy day. I put by a little money every week. You see,
you have to think about the future when youre my age. When youre
young you dont need money but when youre old, you cant live
without it.
A
1. to set out to do something a. to save something so you can
use it later
2. to put something down to b. to depend on someone/
something something as a source of
income
3. to come into something c. to manage to survive (on
something) despite difficulties
4. to live off someone/ d. to inherit something
something (especially money)
5. to pay something off e. to consider something to be
the result of something else
6. to keep up with someone/ f. to begin with the intention
something of achieving something
270
7. to fall back on someone/ g. to return to someone/
something something for support, when
other things have failed
8. to get by (on something) h. to progress or rise at the same
rate as someone / something
else
9. to put something by i. to repay a debt
2. Read the sentences, then say the sentences again, using
for you.
1. Ive repaid all my debts.
(pay off)
Ive paid off all my debts.
2. I save a little money every week.
(put by)
3. He inherited a fortune when his father died.
(come into)
4. She survives on a very small income.
(get by on)
5. She gets all her money from her parents.
(live off)
6. My salary isnt rising as fast as inflation.
(keep up with)
7. We thought her bad behaviour was the result of stress.
(put something down to)
8. I know I can always ask my parents for help if Im ever in
trouble.
(fall back on)
9. She intended to become the best tennis player in the world.
(set out to)
271
3. Rewrite the following sentences so that they have similar
meaning, using the multi-word verbs from this unit. Make
any changes necessary to the structure of the sentences.
1. Many pensioners have to survive on very little money. 2. He cal-
culated it would take him three years to clear all his debts. 3. She ac-
cumulated a great deal of money by saving a little every week. 4. His
uncle died and left him a fortune. 5. She decided she wanted to start
her own business. 6. If I ever get into financial difficulties, I know
I can always rely on my brother for help. 7. She supports herself with
the money she gets from selling her books. 8. She thought she was a
success because she had been lucky. 9. The cost of living is going up
all the time, but my salary isnt.
4. Complete the sentences below.
1. If I came into a lot of money, Id ... . 2. One thing I have set out
to do, and have achieved, is ... . 3. If I earned a salary which didnt
keep up with inflation, Id ... . 4. I could get by on very little money
provided that ... . 5. I put the increase in crime down to ... .
1. . 2.
, . 3.
- . 4. ,
, . 5.
. 6. -
. 7. .
8. . 9. -
. 10. -
? 11. - . 12.
? 13.
, - .
272

Acklam, R. Help with Phrasal Verbs / R. Acklam. Heinemann, 1992.
Alexander, L. G. English Grammar Practice / L. G. Alexander. Longman,
1992.
Berlizon, S. English Verbal Collocations / S. Berlizon. M., 1964.
Coe, N. Oxford Practice Grammar / N. Coe, M. Harrison, K. Peterson.
Oxford, 2006.
Collins Cobuild Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs. Collins Publishers, 1990.
Collins Cobuild Phrasal Verbs. Workbook / Collins Publishers, 1997.
Evans, V. Round-up 5 / V. Evans. Longman, 2002.
Evans, V. Round-up 6 / V. Evans. Longman, 2002.
Evans, V. Enterprise. Grammar 3. / V. Evans, J. Dooley. Express Publishing,
1999.
Evans, V. Enterprise. Grammar 4. / V. Evans, J. Dooley. Express Publishing,
2000.
Heaton, J. B. Practise your Phrasal Verbs / J. B. Heaton. Longman, 1998.
Hornby, A. S. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary / A. S. Horn-by. Oxford
University Press, 2001.
Intermediate English Course. The Linguaphone Institute Limited, 1984.
Really Learn 100 Phrasal Verbs. Oxford University Press, 2003.
Soars, John Headway. Upper-Intermediate / John and Liz Soars. Oxford Uni-
versity Press, 1995.
Thomson, A. J. A Practical English Grammar / A. J. Thomson, A. V. Marti-
net. Oxford University Press, 1997.
Thomson, A. J. Practical English Grammar Exercises / A. J. Thomson,
A. V. Martinet. Oxford University Press, 1990.
Thorn, M. Exploring English / M. Thorn. Prentice Hall, 1992.
Vince, M. First Certificate Language Practice / M. Vince. Heinemann, 1996.
Vince, M. Advanced Language Practice / M. Vince. Heinemann,1994.
Workman, G. Phrasal Verbs and Idioms. Upper-Intermediate / G. Work-
man. Oxford University Press, 1995.
Workman, G. Phrasal Verbs and Idioms. Advanced / G. Workman. Oxford
University Press, 1995.
- / . . .
. ., 1986.
, . . / . . . ., 2003.
- / . . . .
. . . ., 1997.
-, . . . -
/ . . -, . . ,
. . ., 1998.
, . . - /
. . , . . . ., 2003.

Христорождественская Л.П. - Фразовые глаголы в разговорном английском - 2012 PDF

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Христорождественская Л.П. - Фразовые глаголы в разговорном английском - 2012 PDF

Оригинальное название:

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

811.111(075.

Make up your own sentences using the same phrasal verbs.

Вам также может понравиться