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Ключи даю тся ко всем упраж нениям и тестам, что позволяет работать
с пособием в режиме самоконтроля, а такж е без помощи преподавателя.
Это еще одно достоинство для тех, кто лю бит работать самостоятельно.
У данного пособия есть все основания д ля того, чтобы стать ваш им не
заменимы м помощником при изучении, систематизации и повышении
уровня знаний в области словарного состава английского язы ка и, конеч
но, при подготовке к экзаменам и тестированию по английскому языку.
Татьяна Васильевна Пархамович
Часть 1
СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
WORD-BUILDING
When you know one word in English,
it is often easy to make
several new words from one root word.
Just learn how to do it!
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СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
Word-Building
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
АФФИКСАЦИЯ
AFFIXATION
i Change the nouns and adjectives into verbs with the help o f the suffixes
given for each group. Translate the verbs into Russian (the nouns and
adjectives are translated for you).
-en -ize, -ise
1) broad широкий________________ 6) final окончательный---------------------
2) red красный___________________ 7) real реальный------------------------------
3) length длина __________________ 8) computer компьютер ____________
-fy -ate
4) pure чистый________ 9) vaccine вакцина___
5) intensive интенсивный 10) tolerant терпеливый
2 W hat verbs can be made from the adjectives in the box? Complete each
sentence using the verbs in the appropriate form.
sweet • flat ■ short ■ quick ■ soft ■ sharp
1. The surface is not flat enough. It should b e _____________
2. The skirt is too long. It should b e _____________
3. The coffee is not sweet. Could it b e ____________ a little more?
4. We need to hurry up. Let’s ____________ our pace.
5. The pencils are not sharp enough. They should b e _____________
6. Any heart can b e ____________ by such beautiful music.
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word given after
each sentence.
1 .1 find it very difficult t o __________ myself to finish my work, (motive)
2. There is a shop in Rome w h ich __________ in fashion, (special)
3. People w e re __________ by the forces of nature, which they could not
understand, (terror)
4. Young children tend t o __________ their teachers, (ideal)
5. All the documents need to be sorted a n d ___________ (class)
6. It cost me quite a lot t o __________ my kitchen, (modern)
7. The Olympic G am es__________ in Greece around 776 BC. (origin)
Подобно глаголам, самые древние существительные — это слова, состоя
щие только из основы (time, way, man и т. д.). Новые сущ ествительные,
например а б с т р а к т н ы е , образовы вались либо от уж е имею щ ихся
сущ ествительных, либо от других частей речи при помощи большого
количества разнообразных суффиксов.
Суффиксы -ism,
Суффиксы -ism, -istи меют аналоги в русском языке (-изм, -ист). У эт
суффиксов общее происхождение (с греческого) и одинаковое значение.
i Build abstract and collective nouns using given suffixes. Translate the
nouns into Russian.
-ship -dom
1) scholar — 7) k in g ------
2) o w n e r___ 8) w ise ____
3) companion 9) fre e ____
-hood -ism
4) c h ild ------- 10) c ap ital__
5) s iste r------- 11) journal _
6) w om an___ 12) collective
1 Change the verbs into nouns with the help of the suffixes given for each
group. Translate the nouns into Russian (the verbs are translated for you).
-ment -ence, -ance
1) require требовать — 10) refer ссылаться__
2) appoint назначать — 11) persist настаивать
3) entertain развлекать 12) appear появляться
-ion -al
4) express выражать_____________ 13) survive выживать_______________
5) select выбирать______________ 14) arrive прибывать________________
6) introduce вводить_____________ 15) refuse отказать_________________
-ure -age
7) depart уезжать_______________ 16) m arry жениться_________________
8) expose выставлять___________ 17) dose дозировать_________________
9) press давить_________________ 18) cover покрывать_______________
2 Complete the sentences changing the verbs in brackets into nouns. U se
suffixes -ance, -ence, -ment, -age, -ation. Some suffixes may be used
more than once.
1. (Admit) to the theatre is not perm itted once the show has started.
3. His (appear) did not permit him to be adm itted to the party.
9. You will need to replace the broken parts, (replace) cost £350.
прилагат ельное —> абстрактное существительное
able (способный) —* ability (способность)
diverse (разнообразный) — >iversity
d (разноо
-ity = equal (равный) — *equality (равенство)
public (общественный) —►publicity (публичность)
bitter (горький) —►bitterness (горечь)
sick (больной) —*■sickness (болезнь)
weak (слабый) —» weakness (слабость)
aware (осведомленный) — *awareness (осведо
-ness
Примечание, -ness образует также существительные от
прилагательных, которые в свою очередь образованы от
глаголов (forget —» forgetful —►forgetfulness; care —>careless
—♦ carelessness).
long (длинный) —* length (длина)
broad (широкий) —» breadth (широта)
wide (широкий) —» width (ширина)
young (молодой) —*• youth (молодость)
- th deep (глубокий) — *depth (глубина)
strong (сильный) —» strength (сила)
Примечание. Обратите внимание на изменение гласных в
основе существительных.
ignorant (безграмотный) — *ignorance (безгр
abundant (обильный) —*• abundance (изобилие)
arrogant (высокомерный) —> arrogance (высокомерие)
-апсе, -епсе patient (терпеливый) —►patience (терпение)
Примечание. Эти же суффиксы используются для обра
зования существительных от глаголов (см. выше).
Change the adjectives into nouns with the help o f the suffixes given
for each group. Translate the nouns into Russian (the adjectives are
translated for you).
-ness -ence, -ance
1) sad грустный--------- 7) im portant важный____
2) good хороший--------- 8) perm anent постоянный.
3) happy счастливый__ 9) distant отдаленный___
-ity -th
4) curious любопытный 10) warm теплый________
5) productive продуктивный 11) young молодой_______
6) stupid глупы й -------------- 12) deep глубокий________
2 Translate the nouns in brackets into English
1. The table is 1.60 m wide, so the (ширина) _ is 1.60 meters.
2. The table is 80 cm high, so the (вы сота)_ is 80 cm.
3. The drawers are 50 cm deep, so the (глубина) ____ is 50 cm.
4. The legs aren’t very strong; their (с и л а )_____ isn’t very great.
5. The legs are 75 cm long, so their (д л и н а )____ _ is 75 cm.
6. The table surface is 1.30 cm broad; the (ширина) _ _____ is 1.30 cm.
7. The table surface is 5 cm thick, so the (толщ ина) ________ is 5 cm.
8. The monitor weighs 16 kg, so the (в е с )_________ is 16 kg.
9. The shape of the PC is very im portant, so the (в а ж н о сть )_____
is very great.
10. The monitor display is very bright, so its (я р к о с т ь )________ is
considerable.
11. The PC is extremely speedy, so its (скорость)_______ is extremely high.
12. The Internet access is very secure, so the (н а д еж н о с ть)___________
is very good.
Make nouns from the following adjectives.
1) a fra id _________________________________________________________
2) h u n g ry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3) h ig h ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4) angry---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5) h o t___________________________________________________________
М ногие н азван ия проф ессий образую тся от г л а г о л о в при помощи
суффиксов -er, -or.С уффиксы -ant, -ent, -ап, -гап образую т назва
профессий как от г л а г о л о в , так и от с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы х .
4 Build the names o f jobs and professions from the given English words.
One word can form two names.
tf sail 9) Hrivp
9") mii^ir 10) a rt
employ 11) lpad
A\ hj «story 12) journal
biology 13) produce
6) invent 14) direct
7 ) arrnnnt 15) assist
8) comedv 16) library
2 Underline the names of jobs and professions (it can consist of 2 words).
Write them out in singular and translate the names into Russian using
your dictionary.
1. Bob’s a well-known local builder who employs two plumbers, three
carpenters, a roofer, four electricians and half a dozen unskilled laborers.
3. H e’s a w riter — the author of four books about China, but he’s also
worked as a translator and interpreter, actor and journalist.
5. The whole family are musicians: Ed’s a percussionist and pianist, Viola’s
a flautist and cellist and B arry’s a French horn player. Their parents are
both singers. ( From BBC)
_ ^ T -----------------------, — —у , — ••••» ■ « > •■ » ■ « > м ч ■^ М У И М » * 1* 1 « W Я V I I
Answer the questions about the names of nationalities. The first letter/s
for the nationality noun is/are given.
a) W rite six nationalities that live in W estern Europe?
1. F... 3. G... 5 . 1...
2. Sw... 4. Por... 6. D...
b) W rite six nationalities that live in Eastern Europe?
1. Pol... 3. Be... 5. Ru...
2. H... 4. U... 6. Bu...
c) W rite six nationalities that live in Asia?
1. J... 3. K... 5. Uz...
2. V... 4. T... 6. Ch...
d) W rite four nationalities th at live in the Middle East (Б ли ж н и й Вос
ток)?
1. Q... 3 . 1...
2. Om... 4. P...
e) W rite four nationalities that live in N orth and South America?
1. Ca... 3. M...
2. A... 4. Br...
N o u n S u ffix e s
1 Distribute the nouns given below into 3 columns: derived from verbs
into the 1st column, from adjectives into the 2nd column and from other
nouns into the 3rd column.
growth ■ fitness ■ curiosity ■ payment ■ sadness ■ exhibition ■
appearance ■ kingdom ■ closure ■ relationship ■ approval ■ marriage ■
wisdom ■ adulthood ■ dependence ■ possibility ■ professionalism ■
transmission ■ individualist ■ employee
3. Did you say your brother’s a magician? No, he’s a ... (музыкант).
существительное —*прилагательное
center (центр) —» central (центральный)
culture (культура) — *cultural (культурный)
nature (природа) —*• natural (природный)
-я/ finance (финансы) — *financial (финансовый)
emotion (эмоция) —►emotional (эмоциональный)
Примечание. Этот же суффикс используется для образования
существительных (см. выше).
cloud (облако) —*• cloudy (облачный)
health (здоровье) —» healthy (здоровый)
greed (жадность) —>greedy (жадный)
-у need (нужда) —►needy (нуждающийся)
Примечание. Этот же суффикс используется для образования
существительных (см. выше).
danger (опасность) —►dangerous (опасный)
glory (слава) —>glorious (прославленный)
-(i)ous fame (известность) —> famous (знаменитый)
Примечание. Обратите внимание на изменение гласных в
основе прилагательных, оканчивающихся на гласные -у и -е.
passion (страсть) —> passionate (страстный)
despair (отчаяние) —►desperate (отчаянный)
-ate obstinacy (упрямство) — *obstinate (упрямый)
Примечание. Этот же суффикс используется для образования
глаголов (см. выше).
economy (экономия) —»economic (экономический) —► economical
history (история) — *historic (исторический) —►histori
-ic, -ical
science (наука) —>• scientific (научный)
hero (герой) —<■heroic (героический)
picture (картина) —►picturesque (живописный)
- esque
grotesque (гротеск) —» grotesque (гротескный)
trouble (беспокойство) —»troublesome (беспокойный)
-some lone (одинокий) —►lonesome (одинокий)
quarrel (ссора) —* quarrelsome (сварливый)
child (ребенок) —> childish (ребячливый)
-ish red (красный цвет) —» reddish (красноватый)
style (стиль) —* stylish (стильный)
arrogance (заносчивость) —» arrogant (заносчивый)
importance (важность) —►important (важный)
-ant, -ent
convenience (удобство) —> convenient (удобный)
violence (насилие) —►violent (насильственный)
Build adjectives from the nouns using the suffixes given in front of each
group. T ranslate th e adjectives into R ussian.
-ous 1) v ic to r y ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) space ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3) courage ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-al 4) fin a n c e ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
5) type ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
6) e ss e n c e ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-y 7) f r o s t ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
8) r i s k ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
9) ice ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10) g u i l t __________________________________________________
-ish 11) s t y l e ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
12) s e l f __________________________________________________
Complete the sentences changing the nouns in brackets into adjectives.
1. The children were (sle e p )________________ after the long drive from
the seashore.
2. We were very (e n th u siasm )________________ to go to the exhibition
together.
3. That display was one of the most (e m o tio n )________________ scenes
1 have ever seen.
4. It is true that (p o iso n )________________ chemicals are constantly pol
luting the w ater and air.
5. Stew art gets into many arguments because of his tendency to be (quar
rel) _________________
6. You may believe in miracles but I prefer to take a more (reality)
approach to solving this problem.
7. Let’s keep the umbrella in a (conven ien ce)________________ place.
8. Your room is so (m e ss)________________ , you need to clean it, if you
want to invite your friend.
9. We made up our minds to deal w ith Jack because of his (passion)
------------------------ devotion to (environm ent)________________ issues.
10- The house in the hills makes a very (p ic tu re )________________ scene.
11- Anthony’s ( s e lf ) ________________ attitude makes me suspect that he
wants everything for himself.
П рилагательные образую тся от глаголов при помощи суффиксов, пред
ставленны х в приведенной ниже таблице.
3 Complete the text with adjectives, verbs or nouns built from the words
given in the brackets. If necessary, make changes in the word stem s.
Sport and Psychology
The most 1 ______________ (remark) characteristics of the last century
was the 2 ______________ (grow) of sport. Television played a big part
on this 3 ______________ (globe) expansion, w ith sport today being an
4 ------------------- (essence) part of our culture. For a long time, sport
5 --------------------(perform) was attributed, to a greater extent, to physical
6 -------------------- (able) and training, but more and more athletes do
7 ------------------- (real) that controlling the mind in 8 _____________ (compete)
is crucial if peak results, success and 9 ______________ (enjoy) are to be
achieved.
Nowadays there are a big number of sport 10 ______________ (psychology) who
consult athletes; they help them to deal with 11 ______________ (press) and
other problems including 1 2 ______________ (anxious), and prepare them for
^ --------------------- (participate) in the most important world 14_____________
(champion) and Olympic Games.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ОСНОВЫ СЛОВА
ПРИ ДОБАВЛЕНИИ СУФ Ф И КСА
STEM CHANGES
В одних случаях при добавлении к слову суфф икса его основа остается
н е и з м е н н о й , в других же происходят изменения либо с о г л а с н ы х
(include — inclusion), либо г л а с и ых (long — length, explain — explanation),
либо согласных и гласных одновременно (receive — reception).
Н иже приведены примеры изменения согласных и гласных букв в основе
слова при образовании разны х частей речи.
2 Complete the sentences with the proper word using the words from the
chart above.
1. The entire house was demolished in a n _______________
2. We can’t afford to stay at a n ______________ hotel, so let’s go to a
boarding house.
3. Y our--------------------- of the situation is too good to be true.
4. Paul to o k ______________ when we suggested he was too cowardly to
drive in the mountains.
5. A w edding______________ was held after the completion of a marriage
ceremony.
6. Most people would agree th a t ______________ behavior is simply
forgotten in hurried lives of emails, cell phones, and multi-tasking.
7. The suspect’s ______________ can be uncovered by a lie detector.
8- Some volcanoes are really v e ry _______________
ПРЕФИКСЫ
PREFIXES
Значение префиксов
Префикс (приставка) —это значимая часть слова, стоящ ая п е р е д корнем
и изменяю щ ая или дополняю щ ая смысл слова. В отличие от суффиксов,
они не м е н я ю т части речи. В английском язы ке множество префиксов
л а т и н с к о г о , г р е ч е с к о г о и д р е в н е а н г л и й с к о г о происхождения.
Одни п реф иксы пиш утся со словом слитно, другие — через дефис (на
пример, microscope, ex-wife). Знание того, что означает каж дый префикс,
очень важ но, потому что помогает определить значение слова. Рассм от
рим зн ачени я каждого преф икса в отдельности.
oner- = чрезм ерно выполненное действие, соответствует русской при
ставке пере-'.
feed —»• overfeed (кормить —►перекармливать)
estimate —> overestim ate (оценивать —» переоценивать)
crowd —*• overcrowd (заполнить людьми —►переполнить)
under- = недостаточно выполненное действие, соответствует русской
приставке недо-\
feed —►underfeed (кормить —*• недокармливать)
estimate —» underestim ate (оценивать —* недооценивать)
charge —* undercharge (назначать цену —*• назначать слиш ком низкую
цену)
ге- = повторное, заново (еще раз) выполняемое действие, соответствует
Русской приставке пере-.
consider —►reconsider (рассматривать —►пересмотреть)
elect —►re-elect (избирать —►переизбирать)
read —*• reread (читать —* перечитать)
еп- = 1) вклю чить внутрь чего-либо; 2) приводить в какое-либо состояние:
circle —►encircle (круг —> окружить)
courage —» encourage (мужество —* ободрять)
lighten — *enlighten (освещать —►просвещать)
2. Nancy is still on good terms with the man who used to be her husba:
7. They were doing research on the trades that existed here before the у
period_____________________________________________________ —
ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕФИКСЫ
Отрицательные префиксы ми-, in-,im-, il-, ir-, dis-, mi
ляться к различны м частям речи: п р и л а г а т е л ь н ы м (equal — unequal),
с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м (ability — inability, sense — nonsense), г л а г о л а м
(lead — mislead) и т. д.
Отрицательный префикс ип-
добавляется к прилагательным с суффиксом -able:
unable uncountable unrecognizable
unbearable unfavorable unreliable
unbelievable unmistakable unstable
uncomfortable unreasonable unsuitable и др.
добавляется к прилагательным, имеющим другие суффиксы:
unattractive unfriendly unkind
unexpected unhappy unnecessary
unfaithful unhealthy unpleasant
uncommon uninteresting unreal
unfortunate unjust unsatisfactory и др.
■ добавляется к глаголам, м еняя и х значение на противоположное:
button —►unbutton (застегивать —►расстегивать)
cover —» uncover (накрывать —*• открывать)
dress — *undress (одеваться —» раздеваться)
fasten —►unfasten (закреплять —*• откреплять)
wrap —►unwrap (завертывать —►развертывать)
4 Complete the sentences using the words on the right in the prop
negative form and in the appropriate sentence.
1. My teacher would n ev er_____________ anyone from ability
doing what they want to do in their life.
2. The government claimed that the whole affair had understand
been a tragic accident but many people-------------------
the official explanation.
3. The reporters needed to know how events satisfaction
since the road crash.
4. International students m ig h t-------------------- believe
the meaning of a new culture’s gestures because they
have not been exposed to them before.
5. A highly stressful situations can become a reason visible
of jo b ______________
6. We were surprised by h is _____________ to adjust courage
to a new environment.
7. The Moon was in the shadow of the E arth and it literate
becam e______________
8. Smoking is a n _____________ habit, which has a very fold
detrimental effect on our health.
9. These poor people can neither read nor write, they healthy
are absolutely---------------------
К онверсия — это п е р е х о д слова из одной части речи в другую без до
бавления аффиксов (суффиксов и префиксов). Очень распространенный
способ образования слов в английском языке. В больш инстве случаев
при конверсии н икаких изменений со словом не происходит.
a monkey —» to monkey (обезьяна —►обезьянничать)
a hand —» to hand (рука —>вручать)
a look —*• to look (взгляд —►смотреть)
sleep —►to sleep (сон —*■спать)
empty —*• to empty (пустой —►опустошать)
В некоторых случаях при конверсии могут происходить изменения:
■ в ударении слова:
to record —►record (записывать —> запись)
to comment —» c6mment (комментировать —> комментарий)
to present —*• present (дарить подарок —►подарок)
to exp6rt —*• export (экспортировать —►экспорт)
to transport —*■transport (перевозить —* транспорт)
■ в написании основы слова ( чередование гласных или
food —►to feed (еда —> кормить)
advice —» to advise (совет —►советовать)
belief —* to believe (вера —*• верить)
relief —> to relieve (облегчение —►облегчить)
Build adjectives from the words given in brackets. Make all necessary
changes in the word stem.
1. The problems facing the Gulf Coast after the oil spill are (disaster)
8 I
Change the word given in bold at the end of the line to complete the
sentence on the left.
1. The red fla g ____________ the bull and it became mad
very dangerous.
2. A ____________ star may look larger than one th at distance
is nearer.
3. If you say som ething____________ to your boss, contradict
you will be in trouble.
4. The travelers got frightened when a ____________ violence
wind began to blow.
5. Julia w a s ____________ to go to the party because reluctance
she didn’t buy a new outfit.
6. As Tom grew older, he became m o re ------------------- patience
with other people’s faults.
7. The problem of teen ag er------------------- should not independent
be underestimated.
8. T h e ____________ of these two people was not absent
noticed by anybody at lunch time.
9. C om bining____________ such as walking or active
cycling improves well-being.
10. I learnt a lesson, never------------------- or estimate
____________ the situation.
11. John w a s ____________ Governor of the State elect
of Maine for a second term.
12. ____________ animals are those species th at are danger
in danger of going extinct.
12
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form o f the words in brackets.
Use suffixes and prefixes.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words on the left,
make them negative if necessary.
1) search When I lose my car keys, I alw ays------------------- for them in
my pockets, but m y ____________ is not always successful.
2) report Mark writes several s h o r t____________ _ on public health
every month. He u s u a lly ____________ on nutrition and
exercise.
3) саге л и parents give love anu .____________ w шеи «.uuuicu.
In happy families parents and children____________ about
each other very much.
4) result Smoking c ig arettes____________ in lung cancer for many
smokers. The u s u a l____________ of smoking is frequent
colds, bronchitis and other diseases of lungs.
5) D uring the summer the te m p e ratu re____________ about
increase
30 F. T h is____________ in temperature makes many people
uncomfortable.
6) supply Many c o u n tries____________ the world w ith natural gas
and oil, but these reserves are limited. At some time in future
the world’s e n tire ____________ will end, and all countries
will need other sources of energy.
7) fear Tom has a te rrib le ____________ of airplanes. He
____________ them so much that he never goes to airports.
8) damage Earthquakes of high intensity cause a lot o f____________ to
buildings, roads and bridges. However the main_____________
of earthquakes is falling buildings.
64
Часть 2
СОЧЕТАЕМОСТЬ СЛОВ
COLLOCATIONS
You should learn a word
together with the company it keeps.
\ Л
x
л
ni
•0
■ U U 'l t l A t M U C I b U A U b ■
Collocations
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
I t ’s good to remember!
■ get и become в значении становиться являются синонимами. Оба глагола
образуют словосочетания с одними и теми же п р и л а г а т е л ь н ы м и и п р и ч а
с т и я м и . Такие словосочетания различаются только по стилю: become angry
( кн и ж н ы й ст и л ь ) = get angry ( р а з г о в о р н ы й ст и л ь). Тем не менее существует
ряд словосочетаний, в которых можно употребить только глагол become.
К ним относятся: become famous , become popular become homeless, become
extinct.
■ get = grow в следующих словосочетаниях: get older/louder = grow older/
louder (с т а н о в и т с я с т а р ш е /г р о м ч е ).
9 get =fall в следующих словосочетаниях: get ill =fall ill (з а б о л е т ь ), get silent
= fa ll silent (з а м о л ч а т ь ).
1 Cross out the word in each group that does not go with the verb in bold
( жирныйшрифт). In one line all the words can be used with the verb
in bold.
1) get angry, ready, famous
2) become upset, silent, popular
3) grow older, ready, louder
4) fall ill, silent, extinct
2 Complete the sentences using verbs b e c o m e , g r o w , f a l l in the proper
forms. In some cases two verbs are possible.
1. Many people c a n ____________ homeless after an earthquake.
2. D inosaurs____________ extinct thousands of years ago.
3. M a ry ____________ depressed after failing her final exam.
4. The children____________ silent when the headmaster came into their
classroom.
5. Jack's p a re n ts_____________divorced when he was thirteen.
6. His p ain tin g s____________ famous only after his death.
7. He didn’t change as h e ____________ older, he just became quieter.
8. I ____________ a terrible shock when I saw how ill he looked.
I t ’s good to remember!
Следующие словосочетания имеют одинаковое значение:
take a break = have a break
take a bath/a shower = have a bath/a shower
take a holiday/a rest/а day off = have a holiday/a rest/а day off
take a look = get a look = have a look
take a walk = have a walk
4 Complete the sentences using the nouns that begin with the letter givei
Check the list of collocations if necessary.
1. We must take a__________ now to save forests or it may be too late.
2. This semester I am taking some very difficult s___________
3. I am going to take an e__________ at the end of June.
4. Please, take a deep b--------------- and jump.
5. Last week I took a d.__________and celebrated my birthday with friend
2 Match the two halves of the collocations.
frightened
care
sympathy
office
1) take fun
2) have responsibility
3) get an appointment
4) become blind
5) go place
a meal
extinct
bankrupt
a job
famous
3 Translate into English the phrases in brackets.
1. People should (брать ответственность) for their actions.
5. If you plan (делать фотографии) of your dog or cat, it’s a good ide
to give them a bath____________________________________________
Одни словосочетания с глаголом give ( — given) — д а в а т ь — имеют
эквиваленты в русском языке, например gadvice ( с
гие, такие как give a call ( д о с л о в н о :д авать зво
для английского язы ка, а соответствующ его словосочетания в русском
язы ке не существует: W h at’s the best time of the day to give you a call? —
Когда тебе лучш е ь? ■ We gave a dinner for our neighbors. — Мы
т
и
озвн
п
у с т р о и л и о б е д для наш их соседей. ■ Let’s give hugs to each other. — Д а
вайте о б н и м е м друг друга.
2 Complete the sentences using nouns that begin with the letter given
Check the list of collocations if necessary.
1. I don’t know yet if 1 am going to accept the job offer. I want to give i
some t __________ before I make my final decision.
2. Denis asked his boss to give him a r __________as he had been pai<
minimum ever since he joined the company.
3. The management gave the factory workers two-week n__________ of
layoff (увольнение).
4. Could anyone borrow me a cell phone? 1 need to give my mom
c____________
3. The painting (побил все рекорды), selling for over £20 million.
5. You (не сдерж ал свое слово) and I won’t believe you in future.
4. You haven’t won the game only because your courage left you.
6. After she moved to London, she failed to keep in contact with her frienc
7. Most of us don’t bother to plan our expenses, so they easily fail to ket
track of it.
Основное значение глагола catch (< caug— caught)
В этом значении он образует ряд характерны х для английского язы ка
словосочетаний: catch a plane/a bus/а train ( на
бус/поезд)\ catch a cold, a chill/the f l u (
They ran to the station to catch the last train. ■ I don’t think I’ll catch a cold.
Глагол catch имеет такж е и другие значения, в каждом из которых об
разует характерные словосочетания:
2 Write the Russian translations of the English collocations with the vei
run (they are in bold).
1. We often run into debt problems because of our spending habits.
6. Barack Obama was running for president of the United States in 200
Н иже приводится краткий перечень словосочетаний с д р у г и м и гла
голами английского язы ка.
Список словосочетаний
■P L A C E — п о м ещ а т ь , с т а в и т ь , р а зм е щ а т ь в п р о ст р а н ст ве:
place limits on —установить ограничения на
place part of the burden on —возлагать часть бремени на
place the responsibility on —возлагать ответственность на
place the blame for ... on —свалить вину за на кого-л.
place emphasis on —уделять особое внимание к о м у -л ./ч е м у -л .
place great importance on —придавать большое значение
place one’s hopes on —возлагать надежду на
■S T R I K E (struck —struck) — у д а р я т ь :
strike home —произвести должный эффект
strike a match —зажечь спичку
strike a deal/a bargain —заключить сделку/соглашение
strike hands —ударить по рукам
the clock strikes —часы бьют...
strike one's head on the wall —удариться головой о стену
■S A V E — с п а с а т ь , эк о н о м и т ь , п р и б е р е га т ь :
save energy/time —экономить эиергию/время
save one's strength/pains —экономить свои силы
save som eon e a seat —занять место для кого-л.
save to/on a disk —запомнить/сохранить на диске
save space —оставить место для чего-л.
save money —откладывать деньги
save sm th for a rainy day —откладывать на черный день
■P A Y — п л а т и т ь :
pay by credit card —платить кредитной карточкой
pay cash —платить наличными
pay interest —выплачивать проценты
pay the price —расплачиваться
pay attention (= give attention) —обращать внимание
pay som eone a compliment —сказать, сделать комплимент
pay som eone a visit —нанести визит
■C AU SE — причинят ь, бы т ь причиной, вы зы ват ь:
cause damage —наносить ущерб
cause distress/suffering —причинять горе/страдания
cause harm/trouble/problems —причинять вред/беду/проблемы
cause death —быть причиной смерти
cause concern/embarrassment —вызывать опасеиия/неловкость
cause pleasure/happiness —принести удовольствие/счастье______________
3. Do you want to (сохранить на диске) all the e-mails from your e-mail
box?
1 Choose the correct verb from the ones in italics to collocate it with the
nouns, adjectives or participles that follow. The nouns, adjectives and
participles are in bold.
1. Jane had/took/paid attention to what I told her and started working
harder.
2. I had/made/took over a hundred digital photographs on my trip to Africa.
3. She m ade/paid/brought me a nice complement yesterday.
4. I got/m ade/had a bad dream last night and woke up sweating.
5. The President m ade/gave/paid a visit to all the countries th at had
supported him.
6. The two leaders s
tru
c
koadeal
,/
m
a
d
e
g and agreed to form a new party.
7. I gave/m ade/had a feeling 1 had met Richard before, but I couldn’t
remember where.
8. I think I’ll take/make/do a chance and leave my flight booking tell the
last minute. I may get a cheaper ticket.
9. O ur team needs to make/get/take action immediately.
10. Shall w e m ake/take/have a party for Nicole? She’s leaving the school
next week.
11. A few minutes later they got/took/caught sight of the castle in the distance.
12. The people saved/placed/caused the blame for the current situation on
the governm ent.
13. I can’t believe it; my elder son’s hair is starting to go/becom e/fall grey.
14. It was the same place where another brave pilot got/w ent/had missing
last year.
15. This book has recently turned/got/becom popular w
interested in psychology.
16. W illiam and Kate grew/fell/got married in spring.
17. Many people suddenly went/turned/fell ill because of unknown infection.
18. The music was getting/becoming/turning lo uder and louder.
in
1. a) take a chance 2. a) take an answer
b) take care b) take tim e
c) take heart c) take the trouble
d) take charge d) take responsibility
e) take advantage e) take place
f) take an experiment f) take a holiday
3. a) keep a meeting 4. a) run a computer program
b) keep a promise b) run the changes
c) keep an appointment c) run a bus
d) keep a record d) run the risk
e) keep a straight face e) run for office
f) keep abreast f) run w ild
10 I_____
4. If you tried and failed to (бросить плохую привы чку) in the past,
you must find a new approach to deal with it.
8. Could you wait for me; I’ll go and (посмотрю) at their new car.
5 Complete the text with the correct form of have, make, go, run, become
to make collocations with the words that follow. The words are in bold.
Steve was 1 _______________ a small business for four years, it took a lot of
effort to make it work and get first rewards. But then something happened
and his restaurant stopped 2 _______________ money, on the contrary, it
was 3 _______________ a loss. He was afraid he would 4 -----------------------
bankrupt very soon. T his thought 5 ----------------------- tears to his <
because he didn’t want to close and sell his business.
He knew he 6 _______________ a few mistakes, he also 7 ____________
difficulties with suppliers, but he 8 _______________ no idea how to che
the situation.
Then suddenly a manual about restaurant business 9 _______________
attention, he bought it and found in it very useful information for him
The manual helped him not to 1 0 _______________ heart and save
business. So he i i _______________ a decision to ask a knowledge;
business adviser for help. The adviser visited Steve’s restaurant, tal
to local people, 1 2 _______________ phone calls to some of the suppli
A fterw ards they 1 3 _______________ a cup o f coffee and the adv
1 4 _______________ some clever recommendations.
W ithin a few short months, Steve’s restaurant was 1 5 _____________
profit and his business began to grow again. It 1 6 _______________ \
popular in the area.
C ollocations
A djectives + N ouns, Adverbs + Adjectives
1 Choose the correct item.
1. D uring our trip the children w e re_______ asleep in the back seat.
a) quick
b) fast
c) rapid
2. We w ere_______ awake around 5 o’clock waiting for the alarm to go off.
a) wide
b) broad
c) complete
3. It is the start of a _______ new day in my life.
a) full
b) brand
c) nice
4. It was simply amazing to see that the water in the river w a s _______
clear.
a) gold
b) silver
c) crystal
5. My country is up to the neck in t h e _______ cold weather.
a) dreadful
b) great
c) freezing
6. _______ hot w ater has some household uses; tea is among them.
a) Boiling
b) Crystal
c) Brand
7. We need to find a new website w ith ----------- access to the European
motorway network.
a) ready
b) quick
c) widespread
8. This will probably be t h e _______ achievement of her career.
a) damaging
b) crowning
c) glowing
9. I don’t know him very well. H e’s ju st a _______acquaintance.
a) casual
b) usual
c) ordinary
10. I’m afraid he was involved in a _______ accident.
a) ready
b) dreadful
c) widespread
11. We need to take som e_______ action before it is too late.
a) latest
b) determined
c) decisive
12. He wasn’t particularly good. He was of a b o u t_______ ability.
a) average
b) medium
c) middle
13. The doctor ordered him to ta k e _______ exercise.
a) usual
b) average
c) regular
14. The Titanic sank on i t s _______ voyage.
a) maiden
b) fresh
c) regular
15. Invading that country was a n _______ stupid thing to do.
a) fully
b) utterly
c) completely
16. We entered a _______ decorated room.
a) richly
b) wealthy
c) middle
17. Are y o u _______ aware of the implications of your action?
a) fully
b) utterly
c) completely
18. This i s _______ ridiculous!
a) awfully
b) utterly
c) dreadfully
19. She i s _______ happy with the arrangements.
a) perfectly
h) utterly
c) completely
20. They have b e e n _______ married for 30 years.
a) fully
b) utterly
c) happily
21. He w a s _______ affected by losing his job.
a) badly
b) stronly
e) completely
22. She felt h is _______ handshake.
a) hard
b) firm
c) strong
2 W hat is the correct collocation? Underline (подчеркните) it.
1) скорый поезд the quick train the fast train
2) больш ая ошибка a big mistake a large mistake
3) сильный дождь heavy rain strong rain
4) ш ирокие плечи wide shoulders broad shoulders
5) учебный год a studying year an academic year
6) говорить правду tell the tru th say the tru th
7) смотреть телевизор watch TV look at TV
8) сделать фото make photo take photo
9) тихо прошептать whisper quietly whisper softly
10) блестящ ая идея bright idea shining idea
11) воспиты вать семью lift a family raise a family
12) чувствовать ужасно feel awful become awful
Часть 3
ТРУДНОСТИ
В ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ СЛОВ
СО СХОЖИМИ ЗНАЧЕНИЯМИ
WORDS
WITH A SIMILAR MEANING
Маке sure you understand
the difference
and then memorize and practice!
DO OP ГОАКЕ
SPEAK o p GALK
SAS? o p TJELL
RA ISE o p R ISE
Ы Б o p LAV?
SiO i; o p WAECH o p FIE o p BECOWE
SZiGGESE o p PROPOSE o p OFFER
LOOK FOR o p SEARCH o p SEEK
SEE OP toAECH OP LOOK AE OP OBSERVE
EXPECT? o p to A rc OP LOOK FORtoARD EO
HEAR o p LISEEH
BORROto o p LEHD
PAIH o p ACHE o p HttRE
SICK o p ILL
- ТРУДНОСТИ В ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ с л о в —
С О СХОЖИМИ ЗНАЧЕНИЯМИ
Words with a Similar Meaning
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ С ГЛАГОЛОМ D O
Online Businesses
Do you want to i _____________a fortune on the Internet? Sure, we all
2 ____________ People use the Internet to work from home everyday,
and many of them 3 ____________ a living from it. But is it really possible
4 ____________ a good start on the Internet?
Many people will give a positive answer to this question. Of course, it’s not
an impossible dream, but it’s not easy, either.
First of all, you must have patience, because you will need 5 ____________
research and most importantly, 6 ------------------- your best to come up with
something big.
A good idea is to start your own business. Anyway, many people are afra
7 ___________ th at because they think th at they don’t have the skil
8 ___________ this task.
If you 9 ____________ up your mind to begin, you would know th at tl
basic skills required to run an online business are not hard to picku
The most im portant aspect is determ ination; everything else can 1
10 ____________ online, and usually for free.
The first step is 1 1 ____________ your own website.
The next step is 1 2 ____________ a choice about something th a t you a
write about and at the same time sell products or information.
The only way 13_____________money is by selling and promoting popul
offers.
The bottom line is that if you want to be successful, 1 4____________ su
you still have the energy and wits 1 5 ____________ so.
SPEAK ■ TALK
Оба глагола имеют значение говорить, разговаривать и в большинстве
случаев в з а и м о з а м е н я е м ы . Они употребляю тся с предлогами to и
with, но чаще используется to: John wants to speak to/w ith you. Do you
want to talk to/w ith him?
Тогда в чем отличие этих глаголов и в каких случаях невозможна их
взаимозаменяемость?
Начнем с отличия. Глагол speak употребляется для обозначения серьез
ного, о ф и ц и а л ь н о г о общения в формате один говорит, а остальные
слушают, a talk — для обозначения н е ф о р м а л ь н о г о общ ения в ф ор
мате все принимают участие в разговоре'.
W hile the teacher was speaking, two children were talking to one another
and making it difficult for others to concentrate.
Это отличие еще больше проявляется в производных словах: a speech
(речь), a speaker (оратор, спикер) — a talk (разговор), a talker (рассказ
чик), talkative (болтливый).
Когда же невозможна замена одного глагола другим?
■ speak (но не talk\) употребляется в таких значениях, как:
- говорить на каких-либо языках: She speaks French and Spanish.
- говорить no телефону: Can I speak to Clare?
- не разговаривать (из-за ссоры): They’re not speaking to each other.
■ talk (но не speakl) употребляется в таких значениях, как:
- болтать, сплетничать: W hat are you talking about?
- разговаривать, говорить (когда речь идет о м аленьких детях,
начинающих говорить): Little children learn to talk very quickly.
so to speak —так сказать
frankly/strictly/generally/roughly speaking — честно/строго/вообще/грубо
говоря
speak without an accent — говорить без акцента
speak in favor of/against — выступить за/против
speak well/highly/ill of somebody —отзываться о ком-л. хорошо/плохо
speak one’s mind — говорить открыто
speak the same language —говорить на одном языке
talk sport/politics/business —говорить о спорте/политике/бизнесе
talk sense/nonsense —говорить дело/ерунду
talk to oneself — разговаривать с самим собой
talk to you later —до свидания (Пословно: поговорим позже) __________
1 Underline the correct choice. In some cases both verbs are possibl
/ Ijr-i-ro rjr I ”
1. All through the afternoon, they sat and spoke/talked about their t
2. English people love to talk/speak about the weather.
3. - Hello, may I talk/speak to Paul Smith?
- Yes, talking/speaking.
4. 1 was so shocked I couldn’t speak/talk.
5. My son learned to talk/speak when he was two.
6. I think he speaks/talks sense.
7. They were speaking/talking together in the hall.
8. Sue and Bob still aren’t talking/speaking.
9. I don’t speak/talk a word of Spanish.
10. She asked me to talk/speak to her students about my book.
11. Strictly speaking/talking, it’s my money, not yours. 1 earned it.
12. They were talking/speaking in low voices.
2 W hich translation is correct? Choose the correct one.
1. Мой маленький брат научился разговаривать, когда ему было 2 гс
a. Му little brother learned to talk when he was two.
b. My little brother learned to speak when he was two.
2. Он выступал (говорил) на конференции более часа.
a. Не spoke at the conference over an hour.
b. He talked at the conference over an hour.
3. Мы поссорились, и я не хочу разговаривать с ней.
a. We quarreled and I don’t want to talk with her.
b. We quarreled and I don’t want to speak to her.
4. Я думаю, в ее словах нет здравого смысла.
a. I think she talks a lot of nonsense.
b. I think she speaks a lot of nonsense.
After laying down his gun, the soldier lay down to sleep.
SUIT - MATCH - FIT - BECOME
Эти глаголы имеют общее лексическое значение — подходить, но у
каждого из них оно имеет свою специфику. Глагол su it наиболее у ни
версальный и в некоторых случаях может зам енять остальные: su it =
f i t su it = atchsu
m, it = become.
■ su it означает:
- подходить no цвету, быть клицу (об одежде)
сту, статусу и т. д.:
That coat really suits Paul. Red suits you.
Jill’s new hairstyle doesn’t really suit her.
- подходить для какой-либо жизненной ситуации:
The climate of California will suit you very well.
The bus suits me and I will take it.
■ m atch означает:
- подходить, сочетаться друг с другом (по цвету, фасону, форме):
This dress doesn’t match your hat.
Help me find shoes to match this dress.
- составить пару (о предметах одежды, об обуви):
These gloves don’t match. — Эти перчатки из разны х пар.
9 f i t означает:
- подходить по размеру; быть в пору, ни больше ни меньше (о пред
мет ах одежды, об обуви):
This dress is going to fit you very well.
These gloves fit me perfectly.
- подходить no размеру и форме, влезать один в другой:
1 couldn’t find a key which fitted the lock.
- вмещать:
How many people does the bus fit?
■ become означает:
- подходить, быть к лицу (об одежде, о цвете):
Blue really becomes her.
- годиться, подходить; приличествовать:
Don’t try to be clever — it doesn’t become you. — Тебе это не идет!
Complete the following sentences, using the correct form of the verb
offer, suggest or prose.
1. T h ey __________ him a new camera and he accepted it enthusiastically
2. L ucie__________a sightseeing tour of the city. It was a good idea.
3. I __________ a toast to the hostess of this house.
4. The g u id e __________ visiting the castle and we all agreed.
5. H e _______ to give her a ride back to the cottage, but she declinec
6. W hen Jack _______ to Mary, her answer was ‘Yes’.
7. S h e ______ that we should go on with the work till 9 p.m.
8. The company ________ a big range of products to its customers.
9. H e _________ going to the country for the week-end.
10. W ho has _____ him the job?
11 I David Wells for chairperson.
12 Betty was sure that Mike would s o o n __________ to her.
13 I did what I c o u ld __________ help to the family.
14. J o a n __________ asking her father for his opinion.
Эти глаголы имею т общ ее л ек си ч еск ое значение — искать.
■ Н аиболее употребительны й и самый «простой» из них — это фразовый
глагол look for. Он характерен как дл я устной, так и дл я письм енной
речи и почти не им еет ограничений при передаче всех оттенков зн ач е
ний глагола искать: 1) искать, чтобы найти то, что утеряно; 2) искать,
чтобы получить то, чего нет:
a) I am looking for my keys. I’ve lost them. — Я клю чи. Я их
потерял.
b) I am looking for a new job. I need it very much. — Я ищу новую работу.
О на мне очень н уж на.
■ Глагол search f o r — синоним глагола look f o r в значении искать, чтобы
найти то, что утеряно. И х отличие заклю чается в том, что search f o r
уп отр ебл я ется , когда речь идет об организованном поиске (наприм ер,
полицией):
The police are searching for (= looking fo r) some evidence in the garden. —
П ол и ц и я ищет улики в саду.
Примечание. Глагол search б е з предлога им еет значение обыскивать:
The police searched the car. — П олиция обыскала автом обиль.
4. Believe those who seek the truth. Doubt those who find it.
SEE ■ WATCH ■ LOOK AT ■ OBSERVE
Л ексические значения этих глаголов схожи; они переводятся как видеть,
смотреть, наблю дать и по этой причине могут ош ибочно уп отребляться
один вместо другого. П оэтом у н еобходи м о разобраться, в чем ж е зак л ю
чаю тся о со б ен н о сти их л ек си ч еск и х значений.
■ see ( saw —seen) означает:
- видеть, замечать (непредшмеренное,непроизвольное действие):
A few people saw him take th e bag.
1 saw a great film last week on TV.
—увидеться (m. e. встретиться):
See you later! — Увидимся позж е!
I w ill be seeing my doctor tomorrow.
- осматривать достопримечательности:
I would like to see the sights of London one day.
You w ill see all the famous sights around New York!
■ watch означает:
- видеть, наблюдать (преднамеренно^обычнопродолжительное, дей
ствие):
М у tw o kids are good swim m ers, but if they are in the water, I watch
them there.
- смотреть ( телевизионную программу, фильм, концерт):
They were all watching the gam e on TV.
■ look a t означает:
- посмотреть, взглянуть (обы чно с п редлогом at):
Looked at me, don’t look at her.
- рассматривать:
I stood in front of the window, looking at the trees.
■ observe и м еет ф орм альны й оттенок и означает:
- видеть, наблюдать, замечать:
Scientists have observed a drop in ozone levels over the Antarctic. Officers
observed him driving at 90 m iles per hour.
- соблюдать правила, законы, условия контракта и т. д.:
То protect you from traffic accidents, observe traffic regulations.
The ceasefire (прекращение огня) has been observed by both sides.
HEAR - LISTEN
Эти глаголы обозначают процесс слуш ания, но отличаются следующим:
■ hear означает слышать ( н е п р е д н а м е р е н н о е , непроизвольное дей
ствие):
Suddenly I heard ( у с л ы ш а л )a loud voice.
We overheard (случайно услышали) them discussing the news at the
next table.
■ listen (to) означает слушать ( п р е д н а м е р е н н о е , обычно продолж и
тельное, действие):
They all sat down and listened to (слушали) my story.
Tom listened to (слушал) the message left on the answering machine.
BORROW - LEND
П утаница происходит из-за лексических значений этих двух глаголов:
borrow означает брать деньги/вещи взаймы, lend —давать деньги/вещи
взаймы. В разговорном русском язы ке оба эти значения могут переда
ваться словом одолжить, поэтому надо быть внимательным, переводя
его на английский:
Могу ли я одолжить (взять взаймы) у тебя 50 долларов? — Could
I borrow 50 dollars from you?
Можешь ли ты одолжить (дать взаймы) мне 50 долларов? — Сап
you lend me 50 dollars?
I t ’s good to rememberl
Глагол borrow употребляется с предлогом from и имеет еще одно значение —
брать книгу в библиотеке: If you want to borrow books from a library, you have
to become a member.
1 Complete the following sentences, using appropriate forms o f the ver
w a it and expect,l ook fo rw a rd to.
1. The paperwork can’t ___________ until tomorrow.
2. She didn’t ___________ the famous researcher to arrive by motorcycle
3. Their b o s s e s ___________ them to check email and keep in touch ev
on holidays.
4. W e ___________ to having you join us to celebrate our achievem ent.
5. I ___________ for her in the corridor, w hile she w ent in to see the docti
6. H e used the words one would n e v e r ___________ from a member of t
Parliament.
7. W e ___________ to working w ith you and receiving your application!
8. The dentist kept m e ___________ for ages.
9. I ___________ to visitin g again in the near future!
10. W e __________ to hear from Dan before w e arrange our trip to Euroj
20
11. Parents should be around and (наблю дать) their kids in the swimming
pool.
13. He could not talk longer because the car was (ож идала) for him outside.
17. Last time it was Alec who (предлож ил) going to the concert.
18. The chairm an (предлож ил) to finish the debates and to close the
meeting.
20. We (говорили) about our hometown and old friends all evening.
20
50
Часть 4
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ
PHRASAL VERBS
Native English speakers
use phrasal verbs all the time.
So if you want to learn English,
you are going to have to learn them too.
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
■ Как и любой другой глагол, фразовый глагол может иметь нес к о л ьк <
л е к с и ч е с к и х значений, причем в одном из них он может выступит
как п е р е х о д н ы й глагол, а в другом — как н е п е р е х о д н ы й :
1. His car broke down at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.
...broke down — н е п е р е х о д н ы й ф разовы й глагол со значение?
ломаться.
2. O ur teacher broke the final project down into three separate parts.
...broke... down — п е р е х о д н ы й ф разовы й глагол со значение?
разделить.
Как вы, наверное, заметили, п е р е х о д н о с т ь фразового глагола являете,
его важной характеристикой, поэтому в данном пособии она будет от
ражаться в ходе представления каждого глагола. Ф разовы е глаголы и
перечисленных выше категорий приведены в конце этой части.
■ Многие фразовые глаголы имеют свои эквиваленты среди обычны
глаголов английского язы ка, например go on = continue, make out
understand, pu t off= postpone. В русском язы ке ф разовы х глаголов не'
поэтому чаще всего предпочтение отдается более привычным, нефрг
зовым глаголам, что противоречит традициям носителей английског
языка, предпочитаю щих, в отличие от нас, нелюбимые нами фразовы
глаголы.
BE (быть, находиться)
be after sb
преследовать ~ The police have been after the bank
robber for several weeks.
быть, выступать против чего-л. We have no
be against sth
chance to succeed; he is absolutely against our idea.
1) уходить, отправляться I am sorry, but I must
be off to the next meeting. 1= leave]
be off
2) испортиться (о еде) - This milk m
tastes sour.
идти (о фильме, спектакле и т. д.) ~ A new 3D film
be on
is on in all cinemas.
не иметь в запасе что-л. ~ Our fridge is empty, we
be out of sth
are out of food.
закончиться, завершиться I hope, in two weeks
be over
winter will be over. [= be finished!
1) проснуться, быть на ногах At what time were
be up you up?
2) происходить - What’s up?
BREAK (ломать)
1) л о м а т ъ ( с я ) - The car broke down just north
break down London.
2) потерять самообладание - She broke down in
tears when she heard the news.
вломиться, влезть (в дом) Somebody broke in last
break in
night and stole our laptop. [= burgle]
перебивать, встревать - I didn’t want to break in
break in (on) on his telephone conversation. The TV station broke
in to report the news.
врываться, вламываться The firemen had
break into sth
to break into the room to rescue the children.
1) порвать (об отношениях) My boyfriend and
I broke up before 1 moved to America.
break up
2) лопаться от смеха - The kids just
soon as the clown started talking.
1) совершить побег из тюрьмы The prisoners broke
out of jail.
break out
2) вспыхнуть (об огне), разразиться (о войне, гро
зе) - The war broke out in 1941.
118
Complete the sentences choosing the correct preposition or adverb
after the verbs in bold.
1. Did you hear the siren? The police a r e ___________ the bank robbers.
a) off b) after c)against
2. I wish that new 3D movie w e r e ___________ at the theatre nowl
a) up b) in c) on
3. The fire broke___________ in the early hours of the morning.
a) in b) up c) out
W hat a pity! Summer days are
a) over b) off c) out of
5. No-one thought Sandra and Bill would break____ . They loved
each other.
a) up b) in c) out
6. The 45-year old professional thief b ro k e______ of a jail under
cover of nightfall.
a) over b) out c) down
7. This yoghurt must b e ____________ It smells disgusting.
a) through b) off c) over
8. Burglars b rok e___________ the room and stole a television, a laptop
and a handbag.
a) over b) on c) into
Choose the appropriate word from the box to collocate with the phrasal
verb used in the sentences (in bold).
idea ■ new film ■ conversation ■ a fire ■ winter ■ food ■ a prisoner ■ car
1. We are out o f ________________ L et’s go shopping!
2 Listen, Jack! A _____________ is on at the cinema? W hy don’t see it?
3 I am sorry, m y_____________ has broken down! I need to have it fixed.
4 I h o p e _______________ will be over soon.
5 They are against o u r ________________ W hat should we do?
6 All over sudden. . broke out and began to spread quickly.
7. The news was a b o u t. _ who broke out of jail.
8. I didn’t want to break in on his
Z 122 -Я
1 Choose the appropriate word from the box to collocate with the phras;
verb used in the sentences (in bold).
actions ■ sugar ■ phone ■ concert ■ an old tree ■ conversation ■
a teaching profession ■ words
1. T h e _______________ was called off because the singer was ill.
2. People with diabetes are usually advised to cut down o n ___________
3. Desperate times call for desperate________________
4. Not everyone is cut out fo r ________________ It is a true calling.
5. I think you need to cut th e s e _______________ out of your song.
6. I am sorry to cut in y o u r_______________ again.
7. If we don’t pay the bill in time, they will cut off o u r ______________
8. I found a baby squirrel after my grandpa cut d o w n _____________
his backyard.
2 Replace the words in italics with the correct form o f call or cut plus
preposition or an adverb from the box. Some can be used more than one
down ■ up » out for ■ off ■ out ■ on ■ back ■ in ■ for
1. Please, ask him to retu rn myp h o n e c a ll to me as
2. The hunter took an axe and m a d e th is o ld tree f a l l d o w n to the groun
3. My friend promised me to p h o n e m e when he comes to my town.
4. You don’t need to change your essay ju st rem ove som e lo n g sen ten ces
5. O ur phone was d isc o n n e c te d because we forgot to pay the bill.
6. The prices for many products have been red u ced recently.
7. Young children love rem o vin g pictures from magazines with scissors.
8. I don’t think Jack is suited fo r this profession. He is no
9. I got really angry when that car p u lle d to o clo sely in f r o n t o f m y van
10. We wanted to v is it my sister but then changed our minds.
11. The economic situation in some countries d e m a n d s speedy actions.
12. My parents seem to su it each other perfectly well. They never have ai
disagreements.
2 Write the translation of the verbs given in brackets using phrasal verb
with hand, hang and hold.
1. The requirement was to (сдать)_______________ my essay by Thursday
2. Could you please (ждать у телефона)_______________________ whil
1 connect you to the director’s office.
3. 1 had to (держать)_______________ my dog________________becaus
there was a cat in the park.
4. The plane was (задерживался)_____________ because of bad weathe:
5. I (передал)_______________ my old com puter________________to m;
younger brother.
6. He said goodbye and (положил трубку)_______________
7. Please (не кладите трубку) _______________ while I connect you t<
the manager.
8. We arc planning to (раздавать) _______________ the invitations ti
the presentation in the street.
3. You should (продолж ать) stirring until the liquid comes to a boil.
4. Thanks again and (продолж айте в том ж е духе) your great service
8. Try to (держ ать) the wet dog ... the living room.
PUT (ютеmi>)
put down записывать - Students put down every word the lecturer
put sthdown says (put every word dow n/put it down). f= write down|
put down sb/ унижать, умалять кого-л. He made an unkind remark
put sbdown to put down Ann (put Ann dow n/put her down).
put off sth откладывать на более поздний срок I was trying to put
put sth off off the moment when I would have to leave. [= postpone]
put sb off
отвращать - Don’t let the restaurant’s decor put you
off — the food is really good.
put out a f ire/ потушить (огонь) -It took us more than an hou
put afire out the fire out. j= extinguish!
put sth together
собрать, соединить - I have to put all facts together
before reporting.
put up with sb/ смириться с -л./ч I can’t put up with three
кем
sth small children in the car. [= tolerate]
put on sth/ надевать ~Don’t forget to put on a warm sweater (put a
put sth on warm sweater o n/put it on).
put on weight прибавлять в весе ~ He has put on some weight.
put sb through соединять (no телефону) -Could you
J t o ) ____________ to this number?
RUN (бежать)
run into/ случайно встретить, натолкнуться па кого-л. ~ I ran
across sb into/across an old school-friend at the mall.
run over sb сбить, задавить - That car ran over the cat.
репетировать, «пробежаться» no, просматривать -
run over/
Let's run over/through these lines one more time before
through sth
the show.
израсходовать запас чего-л. - We ran out of shampoo so
run out of sth
I had to wash my hair with soap.
SET (устанавливать)
set off/out
отправляться (в путь) ~ They set off/out an hour ago.
[= start a journey]
1) организовать - Our boss set up a meeting with the
set up sth/ president of the company (set a meeting up/set it up).
set sth up 2) установить (рекорд) - He set up a new record (set a
new record up/set it up).
set up
основывать, открывать (дело, предприятие и п.) -
The company was set up last year. f= start business]
П 134 Я
1 Choose the right meaning of the phrasal verbs in italics.
1. We are p u ttin g off our trip until January because of the hu
a) cancel b) postpone
2. Could you p u t m e through to the Sales Department, please?
a) let me speak by phone b) accompany me
3. The towel caught lire, but we p u t i t o u t quickly and safety,
a) stopped it burning b) threw it away
4. After six months of staying in the USA, he started to p u t on weight,
a) reduce b) gain
5. W e’re going to p u t d o w n his words.
a) write b) remember
6. People refuse to p u t u p w ith bad service when they are shopping,
a) complain b) accept
7. You have to p u t on scarves and warm boots in order to go out.
a) clothe yourself in b) carry
8. Don’t let one spoilt meal p u t you o f f cooking foreverl
a) stop you wanting b) disappoint you
2 Write the translation of the verbs given in brackets using phrasal verb
run, set in appropriate forms.
1. I (случайно встретил)______________ my former classmate this a1
ternoon.
2. The meeting was so boring th a t M ark ju st (сб еж а л )______________
3. We still have some time to (репетировать)______________ the whol
play from the beginning.
4. The travelers will have to (отправляться в п у т ь )______________ i
two hours.
5. We’ve (израсходовали зап асы )______________ milk. Will you bu
some, please?
6. This holding was (основан)______________ in the 90s of the last cen
tury.
turn sb in custody.
обращаться (за помощью) ~ There was no one I could
turn to sb/sth
turned to for help.
W E A R (носить)
исчезать ~ My make-up wore off before I got to the party.
wear off
постепенно становиться меньше/тонъше - Rocks wear
wear away
away through weathering processes.
1) изнашиваться - The boots began to wear out.
wear out
2) обессиливать - I was completely worn out.
wear sth o u t/ изнашивать ~ She wears out her shoes in no time (wears
wear out sth her shoes out/w ears them out).
W O R K (работать)
1) срабатывать - Our plan worked out fine.
work out 2) тренироваться - I work out at the gym three times
a week.
1) разработать (план)- The plan was worked out.
work out sth/
2) рассчитывать (сумму, количество) We worked out
work sth out
the cost before buying the house.
\ C om plete th e sen ten ces choosing th e c o rre ct preposition o r adverl
a fte r the verb turn.
1. John tu r n e d __________ to be an excellent student.
2. The criminal decided to t u r n __________ the stolen money.
3. Make sure you tu rn the lig h t__________ when you leave.
4. He eventually t u r n e d __________ at the party at 7 o’clock.
5. I have no idea why they tu rn ed my application___________
6. Could you please t u r n __________ the stereo? The music is too loud.
7. The teacher asked me to t u r n __________ the page, but I didn’t hear.
8. W hen you don’t know what to do, t u r n __________ your parents foi
advice.
9. The security tu rn e d __________ anybody who hadn’t an invitation card
10. My son tu rn e d __________ to be very successful. I’m very proud of him
11. The factory t u r n s __________ 150 units per hour.
12. The day was hard; I got so tired th a t I just tu r n e d ___________
2 W rite the translation of the verbs given in b rackets using phrasal verb:
wear and work.
1. Jack is always running and jumping; he (изнаш ивает) his shoes in n(
time__________________________________________________________
2. If you want to be fit, you need to (тренироваться) at the gym fiv<
times a week___________________________________________________
3. I decided to have a rest because I was (обессилен) after working in th<
sun for several hours____________________________________________
4. The letters on the gate of the old castle were (поблекли от времени
through weathering processes___________________________________
20
4. This couple (ссорится) out every few weeks, but their quarrels neve
last___________________________________________________________
5. Justine (надел) his coat on, took his umbrella and left without sayinj
good bye______________________________________________________ _
6. You don’t need to (снимать) your shoes off when you enter the room
14. After you have finished using salt and spices, (положите) them away.
14 |
3 Use the verbs be,come, go, look, take, turn with appropriate prepo
or adverbs to replace the synonymous expressions.
1. In a couple of weeks w inter will finish and I can visit the Botanic
G arden________________________________________________________
2. The sun appears in the sky and it’s all beautiful again, and I can be
happy again____________________________________________________
3. ‘W hat is the dentist’s phone number?’ — ‘Check it in the telephone
directory.’ _____________________________________________________
4. 1 really like it here that everyone knows w hat’s happening with everyone
else___________________________________________________________
5. I should admit th at my elder brother resembles our father much more
that I do.
Му саг had a tendency to break down (ломаться) just when I needed it the
most.
Popular songs seem to catch on (завоевать популярность) in California first
and then spread eastward.
Father promised that we would never come back (возвратимся) to this hor
rible place.
They tried to come in ( войти) through the back door, but it was locked.
He was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come
to (прийти в себя = come around) again.
The children promised to come over (зайти в гости), but they never do.
We used to just drop by (заходили в гости), but now they are never home, so
we have stopped doing that.
When we visited Paris, we loved eating out питаться вне дома) in the side
walk cafes.
Uncle Heine didn’t have much money, but he always seemed to get by (переби
ваться, сводить концы с концами) without borrowing money from relatives.
Grandmother tried to get up подняться, встать), but the couch was too low,
and she couldn’t make it on her own.
Once you leave home, you can never really go back (возвратиться) again.
We would finish one novel and then just go on (переходили без перерыва)
to the next.
The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on (проис
ходит).
Charles grew up вырос) to be a lot like his father.
The judge warned him to keep away (держаться подальше) from his victim’s
home.
He tried to keep on (продолжить) singing long after his voice was ruined.
He had drunk too much; he passed out (умер) on the sidewalk outside the bar.
Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off (кра
соваться).
Day after day, Efrain showed up (появлялся) for class twenty minutes late.
2. ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ — РАЗДЕЛЯЕМЫЕ
SEPARABLE PHRASAL VERBS
Ф разовые глаголы, приведенные ниже, являю тся переходными, т. е. упо
требляю тся с д о п о л н е н и е м , и разделяемыми, т. е. дополнение может
стоять либо после фразового глагола в целом, либо между смысловым
глаголом и послелогом (предлогом или наречием), разбивая фразовый
глагол на составные части:
I turned off the light. I turned the light off.
Внимание! Если дополнение выражено м е с т о и м е н и е м (it, them, me,
you, him, her, us), то o h o всегда разбивает ф разовы й глагол, заним ая
место между глаголом и послелогом (предлогом или наречием):
I turned it off.
The terrorists tried to blow up (взорвать) the railroad station (blow the railroad
station up).
They called off (отменили) this afternoon’s meeting (called this afternoon’s
meeting off).
Do this homework over (переделайте заново) (do over this homework).
Fill out (заполните = fill in) this application form and mail it in (fill this
application out/in).
She filled up (заполнила до конца) the grocery cart with free food (filled it up).
My sister found out (узнала) that her husband had been planning a surprise
party for her (found it out).
The filling station was giving away (выдавал бесплатно) free gas (giving
free gas away).
My brother borrowed my car. 1 have a feeling he’s not about to give it back
(возвратить).
The students handed in (сдали на проверку) their papers and left the room
(handed their papers in).
She hung up (положила трубку) the phone before she hung up (повесила)
her clothes (hung the phone up, hung her clothes up).
I hate to hold up (задерживать) the meeting, but I have to go to the bathroom
(hold the meeting up).
The lawyers looked over (просмотрели) the papers carefully before questioning
the witness (looked them over).
Your translation is wrong. You’d better look this word up (посмотреть в сло-
варе, проверить) (look it up)._________________________________________
She knew she was in trouble, so she made up (придумала) a story for her
teacher (made a story up).
We really couldn’t make out (помять) what he was saying (make it out).
There were three men in the line-up. She picked out (выбрала) the guy she
thought had stolen her purse (picked him out).
The crane picked up (подмял) the entire house. Watch them pick it up.
As we drove through Paris, Francoise pointed out (указала на) the major
historical sites (pointed them out).
We put away (откладывали) money for a rainy day (put it away).
We asked the boss to put off (отложить) the meeting until tomorrow. (Please
put it off for another day.)
I put on (надел) a sweater and a jacket. (I put them on quickly.)
The firefighters put out (погасили) the house fire before it could spread. (They
put it out quickly.)
I read over (прочитал снова) the rule, but it didn’t make any sense to me
(read it over).
My wife set up (обставила) the living room exactly the way she wanted it.
(She set it up.)
These are your instructions. Take them down (запишите) before you forget.
It was so hot that I had to take off (снять) my shirt (take it off).
We have serious problems here. Let’s talk them over (обговорим).
That’s a lot of money! Don’t just throw it away (выбрасывай на ветер).
She tried on (примеряла) several dresses (tried several dresses on).
I tried out (опробовал) four cars and found what 1 needed (tried four cars out).
Your radio is driving me crazy! Please turn it down (убавь звук).
He applied for a visa, but the Embassy turned him down (получил отказ).
Grandpa couldn’t hear, so he turned up (добавить звук) the volume (turned
the volume up).
We turned off (выключили) the lights before anyone could see us (turned
the lights off).
Turn on (включи) the CD player so we can dance. (Turn the CD player on.)
4. ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ,
СОСТОЯЩ ИЕ ИЗ ТРЕХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ (ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ)
THREE-WORD PHRASAL VERBS (TRANSITIVE)
I was talking to Mom on the phone when the operator broke in on (прерывал)
our call.
After our month-long trip, it was time to catch up with (догонять) the neigh
bors and the news around town.
The boys promised to check up on (проверять) the conditions of the summer
house from time to time.
I think I’m coming down with (заболеваю) a cold.
We tried to cut down on (сократить количество) the money we were spend
ing on entertainment.
People have to do away with (покончить) death penalty.
I hope none of my students drop out of (быть исключенным) school this
semester.
I found it very hard to get along with (ладить) my brother when we were young.
Paul cheated on the exam and then tried to get away with (оставаться не
наказанным) it.
The citizens tried to get rid of (избавиться) their corrupt mayor in the recent
election.
When will you ever get through with (закончишь) that program?
It’s hard to keep up with (не отставать) the Joneses when you lose your job!
I always look forward to (ожидаю с нетерпением) the beginning of a new
semester.
Citizens shouldn’t look down on (смотреть свысока) their geographical neigh
bors.
We were going to look in on (заглянуть) my brother-in-low, but he wasn’t home.
First-graders really look up to (уважают) their teachers.
The teacher had to put up w ith (смириться) a great deal of nonsense from
new students.
The runners ran out of (истощили) energy before the end of the race.
My sister took care of (заботилась) younger children after Mom died.
The star player talked back to (огрызался) the coach and w'as thrown off the
team.
1 often think back on (вспоминаю) my childhood with great pleasure.
Her husband walked out on (оставил) her and their three children.________
Часть 5
ИНТЕРНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ
И ЗАИМСТВОВАННЫЕ СЛОВА
INTERNATIONAL
AND BORROWED WORDS
The more words you know,
the more clearly and powerfully
you will think and the more ideas
you will invite into your mind.
W ilfred Funk (1883-1965),
an author, poet, lexicographer and publisher
c £
dpdiudtic
e lte № e « * e i?
V a c * r ,c ib ?
«eoHowiedl « ecowowie
ИНТЕРНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ
И ЗАИМСТВОВАННЫЕ СЛОВА
International and Borrowed Words
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
экономичный экономический
__________ экономный <-> экономический__________
экономичный двигатель «-» экономический рост
экономный человек <-» экономическое пространство
□ economic □ economical
14
14 |
3 Choose the correct option.
1. Elizabeth had rem arkably____________ , large, dark eyes.
a) intellectual b) intelligent
2. Oxford Street is one of t h e _____________shopping streets of London.
a) principal b) principle
3. Helen had a few ____________ things to say on the subject.
a) intelligent b) intellectual
4. She’s an economist. She’s an expert i n ____________ matters.
a) economic b) economical
5. ____________ music is appreciated by a very wide audience.
a) Classical b) Classic
6. She is hoping to find a job which is more dem anding_____________
a) intelligently b) intellectually
7. They have to b e _____________since Charles lost his job.
a) economic b) economical
8. I am a student of D epartm ent of Philology. I’d like to major in
criticism.
a) literary b) literate
9. Computer is becoming as essential as uie auimy ш ui г
a car.
a) literal b) literacy
Ю. Her translation is too resulting in heavy, unnatur
prose.
a) literal b) literary
ll. The at this theatre projects right out into the audienc
a)scene b) stage
12. A comic is a , usually for children or teenagers, w ith lc
of picture stories and cartoons.
a) magazine b) journal
12
12
О Correct the wrong word.
1. M argot came to stay for a week as a campaign for my mother while I
was away.
2. He had all the classical symptoms of the disease.
3. Docs she study classic ballet or modern ballet?
4. He has a very strong complexion.
5. Velvet is a thick cotton material with soft raised parallel lines in one
direction used especially for making clothes.
6. A new textile fabric was built in the outskirts of the town.
7. There are a lot of wide streets and prospects in our city.
8. We didn’t have time for a repetition before the performance.
9. To make this real Indian food, just follow this receipt.
10. The doctor should give you a recipe for this medicine.
10 l
70
1 Choose the correct item.
1. We’ve r u n ____ __ lemons. Could you go and buy some more?
a) from b) without c) out of
2. He is try in g ___ ____down on the number of cups of coffee he drinl
every day.
a) to get b) to cut c) to bring
3. L et’s have dinner together. Would next F rid ay ____ you?
a) fit b) suit c) match
4. The unemployed man w o re__________ his shoes in search of work.
a) out b) away c) off
5. D uring the storm the electricity suddenly__________ off and we we
left in the dark.
a) took b) break c) went
6. She’s decided to ta k e __________ mountaineering as a hobby.
a) to b) up c) in
7. Do I need a __________ to get antibiotics from the chemist?
a) prescription b) recipe c) receipt
8. The singer cancelled the show because of his throat.
a) ill b) sick c) sore
9. It was so hot in the conference room that I almost passed
a) out b) away c) off
10. I’m going to sell this old sofa — it ________ up too much space.
a) occupies b) takes c) gives
11. The taxi driver so u n d ed _______ about arriving at the airport
time.
a) doubtful b) doubtless c) undoubtful
____ on for a minute I’ll try a
12. She is not in the office. If y o u _______
find her.
a) hang b) keep c )g o
13. I never eat ice-cream, my teeth are too to cold.
a) sensible b) sensitive c) sensable
14. 1 h a d n ’t s e e n O liv e r tor a g e s, a n d th e n o n e d a y h e s u d d e n ly tu r n e d
at th e g y m .
a) ou t b) o v er c) up
15. It takes a long time to g e t __________ malaria.
a) across b) over c) through
16. He was not o n ly __________ but he was strangely secretive.
a) unpredictive b) unpredictable c) impredictable
17. T h e y __________ him a smoked salmon roll and a glass of water.
a) proposed b) suggested c) offered
18. It was very noisy and the speaker had t o __________ his voice in order
to make his voice heard.
a) arise b) raise c) rise
19. She w a s __________ off by the m ink coat because she’s a wild life
supporter.
a) put b) got c) taken
20. She saw h im __________ her through the looking glass which hung on
the wall.
a) observing b) looking c) watching
20 |
2 Find mistakes and correct them. In some sentences there can be more
than one mistake.
1. Everybody is talking and nobody is telling anything.
2. Ellen came back with the book and lay it on the table.
3. Please, put off your raincoat and boots and feel yourself at home.
4. I’ve read a couple of his books and watched one of his plays on television.
5. About three years ago someone broke down to my home and stole my
ring which was very speciality to me.
6. You are getting on weight. It’s about time you kept on a diet.
7. For weeks he was uncapable of anything except the most basic things;
like sleeping and buying food.
8. I read this book when I was at school, and I’ve overread it at regularity
intervals ever since.
9. Genetic factors alone cannot explanation criminal tendencies.
10. O ur collection of books has many rare and unknown works of historical
interest.
11. How was the trip? — O.K. But the plane was late. We got kept up in Rom
12. They talked softly, so as not to disturb the sleeping child.
13. He and his brother were grew up in this beauty house.
14. So far I haven’t taken in your invitation but 1 am going to make it
you don’t mind.
15. Then came the storm and the sea became grey and unkindy.
16. The man sought tor some remark that would keep the conversation goin
17. Nobody’s ever been rude to him, so he doesn’t wait for rudeness.
18. If is possible to get a train from Euston and then we can come to meet yo
19. I’m sure my letter or postcard wouldn’t make any harm to anybody
I’ll write it.
20. I know Charlie meant to speak to you. Perhaps the opportunity nev
came out.
20
3 Replace the words in italics with phrasal verbs.
1. I’ll have to s e p a r a te th e en g in e in to its d iffe r e n t p a n s in order to fix
2. Sue resem bles her father and he is proud of her.
3. Never p o stp o n e till tomorrow what you can do today.
4. Ia m sorry but I must le a v e now for the next meeting.
5. I promise I’ll p h o n e y o u when I am in town.
6. The young robbers ran a w a y as the police arrived.
7. I couldn’t u n d e rsta n d what I had done to make her angry.
8. Tom didn’t travel much as a young man but he is trying to com pensa
lost time now.
9. How many of your students p a s s an ?
10. Is there any reason why Jim and M ary q u a rre l so often?
11. A man in a black mask ro b b ed the bank this morning.
12. It took the fire brigade more than an hour to extinguish the fire.
13. I can’t to le ra te three small children in the car.
14. The factory is h irin g new workers.
14
4 Translate the sentences into English say, , speak or talk.
1. Что он сказал?
10 I
~ 16
6 Choose the words given before the text to complete the text. Each woi
should be used only once and their forms should be changed, some mt
be used in a negative form.
Europe ■ rely ■ consider ■ exist ■ argue ■ harm ■ German ■
stable ■ occur ■ frequent ■ hot ■ defect ■ conclude ■ France ■ danger ■
long ■ safe ■ minimum, expose ■ vary
With practically everyone owning a mobile phone and spending a 1 ___________
amount of time on them each day, it is wise to ask the question: Are mobi
phones 2 ____________ to our health? W hile there arc no 3 ____________
answers at the moment, but there arc conflicting studies. Some show th
mobile phones are safe and others show th at they may cause cancer ат
4 ____________ other diseases.
Mobile phones may be considered potentially 5 ____________ in a few wa>
First, they are a device that both sends and receives high- 6 ____________ rad
waves. Second, these devices have batteries in them that may be 7 ___________
in extreme 8 ____________ or in certain circumstances where a battery
other part is 9 _____________ It should be noted th at these 1 0 ___________
are extremely rare.
The jury hasn’t made a final 11 ____________ yet. W hile the short term ris.
are extremely low or 12 ____________ , the fact that mobile phones have be*
used by millions in the last decade, the moderate 1 3 ____________ risks a
The 1 6 __ ____government warned against the use of mobile phones,
1 7_______ also advises its people to 1 8 ____________ handset use, and
the 1 9 ___ ___Environment Agency has called for 2 0 _____________ to
be reduced
20
100
Ключи
Ч А С Т Ь 1. С Л О В О О Б Р А З О В А Н И Е
W O R D -B U I L D I N G
Nationality Suffixes
1 1. Austrian 2. Korean 3. European 4. Omani 5. Polish 6 . Spanish 7. Belarusian
8 . Hungarian 9. British 10. Taiwanese 11. Belgian 12. Mexican
REVISION
Noun Suffixes
1
aerbs —>иония a d jective s —*■nouns nouns —>720M/2S
growth fitness kingdom
payment curiosity relationship
exhibition sadness adulthood
appearance wisdom professionalism
closure possibility individualist
approval
marriage
dependence
transmission
employee
2 1. politician 2. librarian 3. musician 4. speech therapist 5. telephonist 6 . sailor
3 1. th 2. p 3. th 4. p 5. th 6 . th 7. p 8 . th 9 . th Ш. th
4 1. description 2. reality 3. investigations 4. scientists 5. conclusions 6 . thoughi
7. procedures 8 . observations 9. deduction 10. possibilities
REVISION
Adjective and Noun Suffixes
1 A 1. drinkable 2. profitable 3. washable 4. breakable 5. eatable 6 . movable 7. unforgettat
В 1. careful 2. meaningless 3. doubtful 4. fearless 5. useful 6 . harmless 7. restless
2 1. attractive 2. healthy 3. dangerous 4. daily 5. preferable 6 . recognizable 7. natur
8 . useful 9. scientific 10. doubtful
3 1. remarkable 2. growth 3. global 4. essential 5. performance 6 . ability 7. reali
8 . competition 9. enjoyment 10. psychologists 11. pressure 12. anxiety 13. participati
14. championships
Borrowed Prefixes
1 2. pre-revolutionary 3. counterpropaganda 4. ultraviolet 5. ex-president 6 . interchange
7. coexistence 8 . superman 9. intergovernmental 10. antidepressant 11. postglacial
12. subway 13. supersonic 14. multinational
2 1. antisocial 2. ex-husband 3. anti-American 4. cooperative 5. multicultural/international
6 . international students 7. in prewar period
Negative Prefixes
1 1. unfasten 2. disbelieve 3. disobey 4. disarm 5. undress 6 . dissatisfy 7. uncover
8 . disconnect 9. discourage 10. unwrap
КОНВЕРСИЯ
CONVERSION
1 1. uses (n), don’t use (v) 2. hasn’t practiced (v), practice (n) 3. walks (n), didn’t walk (v)
4. value (n), value (v) 5. changes (n), changed (v) 6 . respected (v), respect (n) 7. influence
(n), influence (v) 8 . the phone (n), phones (v)
2 1. records, recdrd 2. comment, comments 3. presents, present 4. export, export
5. transport, transported
СЛОВОСЛОЖЕНИЕ
COMPOSITION
1 babysit, brainwash, daydream, sightsee, window shop, sunshine, rainfall
2 firefighter, roommate, printer cartridge, nutcracker, honeymoon, footstep
3 blackmail, greenhouse, monthly ticket, bonfire, bluebird, fast food
4 1. поломка, нервный срыв 2. вспышка 3. результат 4. снижение, сокращени
5 . ресторан, обслуживающий клиентов в автомобиле 6 . обратная связь 7. кос
метика 8 . выпуск продукции
ACHIEVEMENT TEST
Word-Building
1 1. disastrous2. stressful 3. dangerous, reliable 4. conventional 5. financial 6 . deliciou
7. Irresponsible 8 . obedient
2 1. maddened 2. distant 3. contradictory 4. violent 5. reluctant 6 . patient 7. independenc
8 . absence
9. activities 10. underestimate, overestimate 11. re-elected 12 . Endangere<
3 1. unreasonable 2. judgment 3. interacting 4. response 5. fearful 6 . survival 7. rationa
8 . effective 9. remove 10. helpful 11. psychological 12. negativity
4 a) 1. anxious 2. young 3. afraid, fearful, fearless 4. hungry
b) 5. knowledge 6 . thought 7. hatred 8 . laughter
5 1. anxiety 2. youth 3. fear 4. anger 5. knowledge 6 . thought 7. hatred 8 . laughter
6 1. search, search 2. reports, reports 3. care, care 4. results, result 5. increases, increas
6 . supply,supply 7. fear, fears 8 . damage, damage
7 headquarters, dustbag, eyesight, rainbow, takeaway, walkover, outlet, first aid
2 1. lost his memory 2. lost his temper 3. lost sight of 4. you lost heart 5. lost her mind
6 . lost touch 7. lose track
ACHIEVEMENT TEST
Collocations Verbs + Nouns/Adjectives/Participles
1 1. paid 2. took 3. paid 4. had 5. paid 6 . struck 7. had 8 . take 9. take 10. have 11. caug
12. placed 13. go 14. went 15. become 16. got 17. fell 18. getting
2 1. f (correct: do an experiment) 2. a (correct: give an answer) 3. a (correct: have
meeting) 4. b (correct: bring the changes) 5. d (correct: run a business) 6 . f (correc
take a break) 7. c (correct: sec the view) 8 . e (correct: become popular)
3 1. keep, run, lose 2. run, lose, keep 3. lose, keep, run 4. run, lose, keep 5. keep, run, lo
6. run, keep, lose 7. lose, run, keep 8 . keep, run, lose 9. lose, keep, run 10. lose, ru
keep
4 1. keep in touch 2. take the exam 3. without giving reasons 4. break a bad habit 5. cat<
a plane 6 . place great importance on 7. went blind 8 . have a look
5 1. running 2. making 3. making 4. go 5. brought 6 . made 7. had 8 . had 9. caught 10. lo
11. made 12. made 13. had 14. made 15. making 16. became
ADDITIONAL TEST
Collocations Adjectives + Nouns, Adverbs + Adjectives
1 1. b 2 . a 3 . b 4. c 5. c 6 . a 7. a 8 . b 9. a 10. b 11. c 12. a 13.
14. a 15. b 16. a 17. a 18. b 19. a 20. c 21. a 22. b
2 1. the fast train 2. a big mistake 3. heavy rain 4. broad shoulders 5. anacademic ye
6 . tell the truth 7. watch TV 8 . takephoto 9. whisper softly 10. brightidea 11. raise
family 12 . feel awful
Ч А С Т Ь 3. Т Р У Д Н О С Т И В И С П О Л Ь З О В А Н И И с л о в
СО С Х О Ж И М И ЗН А Ч Е Н И Я М И
W O R D S W I T H A S IM IL A R M E A N IN G
DO ■ MAKE
1 1. d (do business) 2. e (make peace) 3. b (make a profit) 4. f (do research) 5. c (do г
experiment) 6 . a (make a mistake)
2 1. make 2. do 3. make 4. make 5. do 6 . make 7. make 8 . make 9. do 10. do 11. do 12. mal
13. make 14. make 15. make 16. make 17. do 18. make 19. do 20. make 21. make 22. mal
23. do 24. do 25. make 26. make 27. do 28. make
3 1. make an appointment 2. make an exception 3. make a contribution 4. make a speech
5. make notes 6 . do a favor 7. make an offer 8 . do the sights/do sightseeing 9. do my
best 10. make one's living 11. do one's duty 12. It makes no difference for me.
4 1. doing, does 2. to make 3. do 4. made, made 5. make 6 . make, do 7. make, do 8 . do
5 l. do 2. do 3. made 4. does 5. done 6 . make 7. made 8 . do 9. made 10. made
6 1. make 2. do 3. make 4. to make 5. to do 6 . do 7. to do 8 . to do 9. made 10. done 11. to
make 12. to make 13. to make 14. make 15. to do
SPEAK ■TALK
1 l. talked 2. talk 3. speak, speaking 4. speak 5. talk 6 . talks 7. talking 8 . speaking
9. speak 10. talk/speak 11. speaking 12. talking
2 1. a 2. a 3. b 4. a
SAY ■TELL
1 1. say 2. tell 3. say 4. tell 5. tell 6 . say, told 7. tell 8 . tell 9. tell 10. say 11. tell 12. tell
13. say 14. tell 15. tell 16. say 17. tell 18. say 19. tell 20. tell 21. say 22. tell 23. tell
24.say
2 1. tell 2. said 3. said 4. said 5. say 6 . say 7. said 8 . say 9. told 10. said 11. told 12. tell
13. tell 14. told 15. told 16. told 17. say 18. told
RAISE ■ RISE
1 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. b
2 1. rising 2. rose 3. risen 4. rises
3 1. raise 2. risen 3. raise 4. is rising 5. raise 6 . rise 7. rises 8 . raise 9. raised 10. risen
LIE • LAY
1 1. are lying 2. laid 3. lying 4. lay 5. lay 6 . lies 7. lay 8 . lie 9. laid 10. lain 11. were lying
12 . lie
2 l.b 2. b 3. a 4. b
BORROW ■ LEND
2 l. lend 2. borrow 3. borrow 4. borrow 5. lent 6 . borrowing
SICK ■ ILL
1 1. ill/sick 2. sick 3. ill 4. sick 5. ill 6 . ill/sick 7. ill 8 . sick 9. ill 10. ill 11. sick 12. sick
2 1. His dad is seriously/gravelv ill. 2.1 am sick and tired of w'orking in this team. 3. Th:
person has an ill fame. 4. I was sick with the flu. 5. My neighbor was sick on the plant
6 . It w'as ill luck/fortune. 7. He has a sick leave for three days.
ACHIEVEMENT TEST
Words with a Similar Meaning
1 l.b 2. c 3.b 4. a 5. b 6 . a l . c 8. b 9. c 10. a 11. b 12. a 13. c
14. a 15. c 16. b 17. a 18. c 19. c 20. b
2 1. tell 2. see/do 3. make 4. seeking 5. do 6 . borrow 7. offers 8 . speak 9. searche
10. said
3 1. lay 2 . laid 3. match 4. fit 5. raised 6 . rose 7. hear 8 . listening 9. lend 10. lend
11. watch 12. observe 13. waiting 14. expected 15. made 16. do 17. suggested 18. pro
poses 19. speak 20. talked
Ч А С ТЬ 4. Ф Р А ЗО В Ы Е ГЛАГОЛЫ
PH RASAL VERBS
BE ■ BREAK
1 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. a 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. c
BRING ■ COME
1 1. brought... round 2. came round 3. come out 4. bring out 5. brought about 6 . came
about 7. brought... up 8 . came up 9. bring... down 10. come down
2 l.c 2. e 3. f 4. d 5. b 6. a
CALL ■ CUT
1 1. concert 2. sugar 3. actions 4. a teaching profession 5. words 6 . conversation 7. phone
8 . an old tree
2 1. call me back 2. cut this old tree down 3. call me up 4. cut some long sentences out
5. cut off 6 . cut down 7. cutting out 8 . cut out for 9. cut in 10. call on 11. calls for
12 . to be cut out for
DO • MAKE
1 1. do 2. make 3. make 4. make 5. make 6 . do
2 1. did away with 2. do up 3. do up 4. make up their minds 5. made up 6 . make up
7. make her face up 8 . make up for
3 1. made up 2. do without 3. made up 4. made up his mind 5. is made up 6 . make up for
GET ■ GIVE
1 1. getting on 2. get your message across 3. get through 4. got over 5. get by 6 . get
through 7. get down to 8 . got over
2 l.f 2. d 3.g 4. h 5. a 6. c 7. e 8. b
GO • GROW • FALL
1 l.c 2. a 3. c 4.b 5. c 6. b 7. a 8. c
1 1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. a 6 . c
2 1. kept back 2. look it up 3. keep on 4. keep up 5. looking for 6 . looking forward
7. passed away 8 . keep out... of
2 1. have run across 2. ran away 3. run through 4. set off 5. run out of milk 6 . set up
TAKE
1 1. off 2. to 3. after 4. over 5. apart 6 . off 7. up 8 . in 9. up 10. aback 11. out 12. for 13. <
14. to
ACHIEVEMENT TEST
Phrasal Verbs
1 1. down 2. from 3. for 4. up with 5. out 6 . out 7. into 8 . up 9. out 10. on 11. in 12. throug
with 13. down 14. down 15. away with 16. off 17. up 18. out 19. off 20. down
2 1. put 2. gave 3. came 4. falls 5. put 6 . take 7. look 8 . were cut 9. went 10. got 11. g
12. held 13. take 14. put
3 1. be over 2. comes out 3. look it up 4. going on 5. takes after 6 . turned out
Ч А С Т Ь 5. И Н Т Е Р Н А Ц И О Н А Л Ь Н Ы Е
И ЗА И М С ТВ О В А Н Н Ы Е СЛОВА
IN T E R N A T IO N A L A N D B O R R O W E D W O R D S
ACHIEVEMENT TEST
International Words and «False Friends» of the Translator
1 1. scenery 2. prescription 3. cultured 4. compositor 5. physicist 6 . lawyer 7. electrician
8 . decade 9. actor 10. literate 11. literal 12. literary 13. cabinet 14. economical
2 1. В 2. В 3. В 4. A 5. С 6 . В 7. С 8 . С 9. В 10. В И. С 12. В 13. В
14. А
3 1.Ь 2 .а 3. а 4. а5.а 6. b 7. Ь 8. b 9. Ь10.а И.Ь 12 . а
4 1. campaign 2. rehearsal 3. dramatic 4. stage 5. tragic 6 . sympathetic 7. literary 8 . sce
nery 9. stage 10. short stories 11. prescription 12. cultural
5 1. companion 2. classic 3. classical 4. built, constitution, physique 5. corduroy 6 . facti
7. avenues 8 . rehearsal 9. recipe 10. prescription
5 1. historic 2. Economic 3. historical 4. sympathy 5. economical 6 . sympathetic 7. princi
8 . principal
FINAL TEST
1 l.c 2. b 3. b 4. a 5. c 6 . b 7. a 8 . c 9. a 10. b 11. a 12. a 13.
14. c 15. b 16. b 17. c 18. b 19. a 2 0 . c
2 1. telling saying anything 2. lay laid it on the table 3. put take off your raincoat, I
make yourself at home 4. watched saw one of his plays 5. broke down in, special
special 6 . getting putting on, kept went on a diet 7. uncapable incapable 8 . evem
reread, regularity regular 9. explanation explain 10. historically historical 11. kept h
up 12. talked spoke 13. grew brought up, beauty-beautiful 14. taken m up, make
15. became turned grey, unkindy unkind 16. sought searched for 17. wait for exp
18. get catch a train 19. make do any harm 20. speak talk, came out up
3 1. I’ll have to take apart the engine to fix it. 2. Sue takes after her father. 3. Never |
off till tomorrow what you can do today. 4. I am sorry but I must be off now for
next meeting. 5. I promise I’ll call you up when I am in town. 6 . The young robb
made off as the police arrived. 7. I couldn’t make out what I had done to make ]
angry. 8 . Tom didn’t travel much as a young man but he is trying to make up for 1
time now. 9. How many of your students got through? 10. Is there any reason why J
and Mary fall out so often? 11. A man in a black mask held up the bank this morni
12. It took the fire brigade more than an hour to put the fire out. 13. I can’t put
with three small children in the car. 14. The factory is taking on new workers.
4 1. What did he say? 2 . What did he tell you? 3. Did he say anything important? 4 . 1
he tell you anything important? 5. He said a couple of words about his project. 6 .1
speaker spoke much but he didn't say anything new. 7. Say it again. 8 . He speaks w
a funny accent. 9. She began to talk about her parents. 10. What are you talking aboi
5 1. a cold 2. damage 3. a walk 4. extinct, action 5. subjects 6 . conversation 7. decis
8 . time 9. weight 10. dark 11. attention 12. breath 13. law 14. silence 15. suit 16. fa’
6 1. considerable 2. dangerous 3. reliable 4. various 5. harmful 6 . frequency 7. unstable 8 . h
9. defective 10. occurrences 11. conclusion 12. non-existent 13. length 14. argume
15. safety 16. French 17. Germany 18. minimize 19. European 20. exposures
Приложение 1
НАИБОЛЕЕ УПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬНЫЕ
(ЧАСТОТНЫЕ) СЛОВА
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
WORDS MOST FREQUENTLY USED
IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
All my life I've looked at words
as though I were seeing them
for the first time.
Ernest Hemingway (1898—1961),
American writer
НИШВШНН
В
НАИБОЛЕЕ УПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬНЫЕ =
(ЧАСТОТНЫЕ) СЛОВА
АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Frequently Used Words in the English Languge
Предисловие
- ЧАСТЬ 1. СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ S
Word-Building
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
Существуют ли другие способы словообразования?
АФФИКСАЦИЯ
СУФФИКСЫ ГЛАГОЛОВ
Суффиксы, образующие ГЛАГОЛЫ от существительных и прилагательных
PRACTICE. Verb Suffixes (the Common Noun/the Adjective -> the Verb)
СУФФИКСЫ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ
Суффиксы, образующие СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ от других существительных
Суффиксы -ism , -1st
PRACTICE. Noun Suffixes
(the Common Noun -» the Abstract or Collective Noun)
Суффиксы, образующие СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ от глаголов
PRACTICE. Noun Suffixes (the Verb -> the Noun)
Суффиксы, образующие СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ от прилагательных
PRACTICE. Noun Suffixes (the Adjective -* the Noun)
Суффиксы, образующие названия профессий
PRACTICE. Suffixes for Jobs and Professions
Суффиксы, образующие названия национальностей
PRACTICE. Nationality Suffixes
REVISION. Noun Suffixes
СУФФИКСЫ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ
Суффиксы, образующие ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ от существительных
Суффиксы -ful. - l e s s
PRACTICE. Adjective Suffixes -ful, -le s s , -ly
Суффиксы, образующие ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ от существительных
Сп р о д о л ж е н и е )
PRACTICE. Adjective Suffixes (the Noun - » the Adjective)
Суффиксы, образующие ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ от глаголов
PRACTICE. Adjective Suffixes (the Verb -* the Adjective)
REVISION. Adjective and Noun Suffixes
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ОСНОВЫ СЛОВА ПРИ ДОБАВЛЕНИИ СУФФИКСА
PRACTICE. Stem Changes
ПРЕФИКСЫ
Значение префиксов
PRACTICE. Prefixes
Смысловое значение заимствованных префиксов
PRACTICE. Borrowed Prefixes
U l НИЦА1tAbHblb 11РЬФИКСЫ 36
Отрицательный префикс u n - 36
Отрицательные префиксы In-, im -, ir-. II- 36
Отрицательный префикс d ls - 37
Отрицательный префикс m is- 37
PRACTICE. Negative Prefixes 38
КОНВЕРСИЯ 40
PRACTICE. Conversion 41
СЛОВОСЛОЖЕНИЕ 42
PRACTICE. Composition 43
ACHIEVEMENT TEST. Word-Building 44
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ
Почему необходимо изучать слова со схожими значениями?
DO ■ МАКЕ
Оттенки лексического значения глаголов d o и m a k e
Сочетаемость глаголов d o и m a k e с другими словами
СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ С ГЛАГОЛОМ DO
Многозначность глагола m a k e
СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ С ГЛАГОЛОМ МАКЕ
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning DO ■ MAKE
SPEAK • TALK
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning SPEAK ■ TALK
SAY ■ TELL
Грамматические отличия
Лексические отличия
Сочетаемость глаголов s a y и te ll с другими словами
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning SAY • TELL
RAISE • RISE
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning RAISE ■ RISE
LIE • LAY
Сочетаемость глаголов lie и la y с другими словами
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning LIE ■ LAY
SUIT ■ MATCH • FIT - BECOME
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning SUIT • MATCH • FIT ■ BECOME
SUGGEST • PROPOSE ■ OFFER
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning SUGGEST ■ PROPOSE ■ OFFER
LOOK FOR • SEARCH ■ SEEK
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning LOOK FOR • SEARCH ■ SEEK
SEE • WATCH ■ LOOK AT ■ OBSERVE
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning SEE - WATCH ■ LOOK AT - OBSERVE
EXPECT • WAIT ■ LOOK FORWARD TO
HEAR • LISTEN
BORROW ■ LEND
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning
EXPECT« WAIT ■ LOOK FORWARD TO; BORROW • LEND
PAIN ■ ACHE • HURT
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning PAIN • ACHE ■ HURT
SICK - ILL
Грамматическое отличие
Лексическое отличие
Отличие прилагательных s ic k и ill в американском и британском
вариантах английского языка
Сочетаемость
PRACTICE. Words with a Similar Meaning SICK ■ ILL
ACHIEVEMENT TEST. Words with a Similar Meaning
Я ЧАСТЬ 4. ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ —
Phrasal Verbs
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ 116
Что важно знать о фразовых глаголах? 116
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ BE • BREAK
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs BE « BREAK 119
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ BRING • COME 120
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs BRING ■ COME 121
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ CALL • CUT 122
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs CALL • CUT 123
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ DO ■ MAKE 124
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs DO ■ MAKE 125
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ G ET • GIVE 126
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs GET ■ GIVE 127
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ GO ■ GROW ■ FALL 128
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs GO ■ GROW ■ FALL 129
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ HAND - HANG • HOLD 130
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs HAND • HANG ■ HOLD 131
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ KEEP ■ LOOK • PASS 132
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs KEEP ■ LOOK • PASS 133
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ PUT • RUN ■ SET 134
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs PUT ■ RUN ■ SET 135
ФРАЗОВЫЙ ГЛАГОЛ TAKE 136
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verb TAKE 137
ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ TURN • WEAR • WORK 138
PRACTICE. Phrasal Verbs TURN « WEAR ■ WORK 139
ACHIEVEMENT TEST. Phrasal Verbs 140
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 143
1. НЕПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ 143
2. ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ — РАЗДЕЛЯЕМЫЕ 144
3. ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ — НЕРАЗДЕЛЯЕМЫЕ 145
4. ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ. СОСТОЯЩИЕ ИЗ ТРЕХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ (ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ) 146
Ключи