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82 .
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ISBN 5 9276 ???? ?

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(.. )

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(
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(.. , .. )
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50
51
54
56
59

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62
65
67
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
(.. , .. , .. , .. , .. )
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

. . . . . . . . .115
(.. , .. , .. , .. )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

<

( )
,

126
128
128
129
130

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

130
131

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. . . . . . . .143
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
. . . . .149

< <

150
151


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153





153
155
159
163
165
168



. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

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(.. , .. , .. , .. , .. )
, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181
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186
193

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199

199
203

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219
(.. , .. , .. , .. )
, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227



<


227
227
229
229
231
232
232
233


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236

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243
250

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(.. , .. )
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263

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .264

270

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .271

() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .275
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280

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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .295
(.. , .. )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .297
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301

302

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .303
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .311
(.. , .. )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .313

315
316

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .321

326
327
327
332
333

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335





335
337
339
341
349
357

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .359
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .367

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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .383
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .383
. . . . . .385


386
387

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .389


389
391

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397
. . . . . . . . . . . .397




,

<<

397
398
399
400
401
401
402
402
403
403
403

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .406


<

407
407
408
409

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .412



413
416
416
416

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .424

. . . . . . . . . . . .424
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .428

 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433
< ()

433
433
437

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .451

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. . . . . .454
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .454
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456
. . . . . . . .456
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .457

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .457
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .464

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .465
(.. )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .467

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .469
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .470
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .470
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .470
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .473
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .476
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .477
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .479
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .480
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .482
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .482
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .482
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .483

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I.


. 
Jecur aqua repletum (
). 
1872 , (. Bruns) 
.
(Eschner) 1886 ,
(Loretta) 1888 , 1896
. 
1889 .. .
, 
.

, ..
.. 1894 , 
. , ,

. 
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, 1913 
.. , 

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.. . ..
(1924)
.
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13

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Page 14

, 
. 20

. 
, 
,
 . 
.. 1929 .

.. (1964), .. (1964), .. (1963) .,
. Hjorstio (1951), . Reifferscheid (1957),
. Stucke (1959, 1972), C. Couinaud (1954, 1960) . 


 (, 
),

(Quattlebaum J.K., 1959; Tung T., 1962; Leger L., 1975 .).

.
1952 J.L. LortatJecob H.G. Robert.
..
1955 . 
1980 T.E. Starzl S. Iwatsuki.
 


, 
, .

[
.., 1979; .., 1979; .., .., 1981;
Stucke, 1971; Zhou X., Tang Z., Yu Y., 1993; Adam R., Akpinar E. et al., 1996].

. (C. Langenbuch),
1882 .
.
, .
.
. XVIIXVIII 
14

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I.

.
, . ,
. , . , . . 1767 . Herlin 
. . (J.Bobbs)
1867 .
(Th. Kocher) 1878 .
1882 (H. Marcy) ,
(Kmmel) 1884 
.

, .

..
17 1889 ., .. 7 , C. Langenbuch
1882 .
. .. 33
.
. 2 
. ,
,
1890 . . .. . 28

. 15
.
..
(1893), .. (1895). 
1896 . ..
, , 
. 
. .
1898 . .. 33 
[ .., 1981].
1887  
..
.
1903 H. Kehr 1912 .. 
,
.
1931 P. Mirizzi
. 
 
15

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, , ,
.

, 
J. Caroli 1942 . , 

 ,
1952 R. Carter G. Saypol.
80 
. 198788 
,
. 
.. 1991 .



1867 . (J.S. Bobbs) 
.
1872 (P. Bruns) .
1880 (Winiwarter)
( 2
).
1882 (C. Langenbuch)
.
1882 (H. Marcy) .
1883 (Meredith)

.
1884 .. 
.
1884 (Kmmel) 
.
1887 ..

().
1888 (F. Knig) 
.
16

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 17

I.

1888
1889
1889
1889
1889

(O. Riedel) .
.. .
.. .
(L.F. Terrier) .
(J. Thornton, H. Marcy) 
.
1890 .. .
1891 (R. Abbe)
.
1891  (McBurney Ch.) 
( ).
1890 (Gersuny) .
1892 (A. Jane) 
.
1892 (E. Doyen) 
.
1894 .. .. 
.
1894 .. .
1898 (Codivilla) 

1898 (J. Cerny) 
( 
).
1898 .. 
.
1898 (Cerny) .
1899 .. 
.
1900 (W.S. Halsted) 
.
1902 .. 
.
1902 (H. Kehr) 
, .
1903 (H. Kehr)
.
17

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 18

1904 (Monprofit A.) .


1905 (C. Garre) 
.

.
1905 (W. Mayo) , , 
(
).
1906 (J. Bakes) .
1906 (M. Champeau, P. Pineau) 
U 
.
1908 (J.W. Cohn)
.
1909 (H. Wolff) .
1909 .. .
1909 .. 
.
1911
( 
).
1912 .. 
, . . .. .
1912 .. 
.
1913 (R. Williams) 
5
.
1913 .. 
.
1913 (F. Hofmeister)
.
1918 .. .
1921 H. Burkhard W. Mller
.
1922 (A. Hildebrandt)
.
18

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 19

I.

1923 .. .
1925 .. (
); 1925 (H. Kehr) 
 .
1926 P. Del Valle R. Danovan
choledo
chitis scleroretractile chronique.
1928 (B.O. Pribram) 
.
1929 ..
.
1931 (P.L. Mirizzi)
.
1935 P. Huard DoHuanHop

.
1936 R. Colp, H. Doubilet, I. Gerber 
.
1942 (J. Caroli)
.
1945 (F.T. Blakemore, J.W. Long)
.
1945 A.W. Allen
. 

.
1948 (W.P. Longmire) (M.C. Sandford)
,
, (Roux)
.
1949 o (A. Dogliotti, E. Fogliatti) 
, 
.

,
(). 

. .
19

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 20

1951 (H. Wilgegans) ,


, ().
1951 (O. Goetze)  
, , 
.
(G. Saypol, K. Kurian, 1969)
.
1952 J.L. LortatJecob H.G. Robert 
.
1953 (Gorbandt E.)
, 
.


.
(
, ).
1953 (Couinaud C.) 
. 
.
1954 .. 
.
1955 ..

.
1956 .. 

.
1961 (R. Praderi) 
, .
1963 T.E. Starzl .
1963 . .. 
.
1965 R. Smith

, .
1967 ..
( ).
20

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 21

I.

1968 (McCune) 
.
19731974 
(Nakajima M., Kawai K.)
(Classen M. et al., Demling L. et al.).
1974 M. Classen, L. Demling
.
1974 .. . ..
.
1976 ..
. .. 
.
1980 T.E. Starzl S. Iwatsuki
.
1982 Ch. McBurney
.
1986 E. Mhe
( ).
1987 Ph. Mouret
.
1991 .. 
.

:
1.

. 1998. . 3. 2. . 136.

2.

.. . , 1983. 352 .

3.

.. . , 1997. 605 .

4.

.., .. . ., , 1965. 144 c.

5.

.., .., .. 
. .: . 1982. 240 .

6.

.. . : , 1966. 473 .

7.

.. . .: 
, 1971. 203 .

8.

.. .
: ,1973. 223 c.

9.

.. . .:
, 1963. 496 .

10.

.., .. 

21

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 22


. .:  , 2000. 201 .
11.

// . 1994. 1.

12.

// . 1995. 1.

13.

// . 1998. 1.

14.

.., .. . .: 
, 1971. 199 .

15.

.. . .: , 1974. 239
.

16.

.. . .: , 1963.
230 c.

22

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 23

II
(

..
..

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 24

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:38

Page 25

II. 

. 
, 
, 
. 4 
, 5
. 10 
.
.
1200 1800 , 
1500 .
. ,
34 , 
1,52 . 
. 1
,
, . 
.
( 
), . 
, , 
, , 
. ,
, 
,
( ).


3 .
, 
2 : . 

. ,
. 
. , 3
100000 2 2 .

25

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 26

.
. 5
. 6 
. () , 
.
.

. ,
, 
. 
.
18 
.

(
, ,
.
. , . . ,

() ,
.
,
. ,
,
.


. , , 
, : 
, .

.
.

, 
, .
. 
,

26

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 27

II. 

. 
. ,
.
, 
.
, 
, ,
.
: (facies visceralis) 
(facies diafragmatica).
(lobus dext. et sin.). 


. (sulcus venae umbilicalis) 
(lig. teres hepatis),
(fossa ductus venosi) (lig. venosum) 
. , (lobus
quadratus) (lobus caudatus),

.
(fossa vesicae felleae), 
(sulcus v. cavae). 

.

.

. (porta hepatis)

 .
,
.
 . 60% 
,
.
.

.

,
27

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 28

, 
.
( 
I II ).
, , 
,
. , 
(v. umbilicalis), 
.
, . 
.

.

, .

(lig. falciforme hepatis), 
 () (lig. coro
narium hepatis), .
, ,
. , 
.

 (lig. hepatorenale). 
. , 
(area nuda hepatis) 
.
(ligg. triangularia dext. et sin.) 
. 
(appendix fibrosa hepatis)
.
.
  (lig. hepato
gastricum et lig. hepatoduodenale) (omentum mi
nus).  
, .
,
,
, , 
.
28

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 29

II. 

6
: 3 3 
(. 2.1).
, . :

;
1
7
2
8

3
9

7
4
8

6
5
10

. 2.1 ,
() () .
1 ; 2
; 3 ; 4
; 5 ; 6
; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10

29

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 30

( ) ;

.
,
, . 
.
 ,
, . . (bursa omentalis)
.
, 
. 
, 

.
.



. ,
, , , 
, , .
, 
,
.
, ,
,
. 
, [Couinaud C.,
1957].
() , 5 8 
. ,

.
,
,
[Rex ., 1888], [Cantlie J., 1898].
, .

, 
30

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 31

II. 

. 2.2 ,

.

(. 2.2).

, , 
. 10% 
, ,
. . ,
. ,
. ,
, , 
, .
(. 2.3).

, . , I

. 2.3 ()
()

31

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 32

. 2.4 Couinaud

, , 
, , .
II , ,

. III 
. IV III
. V VI 
, VII VIII
. V VIII ,
, , VI VII 
(. 2.4). 
, 
.
. IV VI .

. 
, 
.
,
, . 
(
3 8), 3 
, ,
(. 2.5.). (I 
) , , . 
, 
.
32

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 33

II. 


,
, 
. 
. (
) 0,52,0 . 
,
: ,
( ), 
. , , 
, , .
,
. 
, ,
, .
, . 

. 
, ,
.

, ,
,
. , ,

( ), , 
. 

. 

,

. 
, 
, 
. ,
, 
, . 2.5 .

33

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 34

. 1330 
.
, , , 
,
.
, , 
, ,
. 
.
(. 2.6) ,


( ). 

. , , ,
, . 
70% 

. 2.6 ().
,
.
; ; Pit:
; ; ;
; .
( .. .. , 1989)

34

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 35

II. 

. 
. (Pit), 
.
, ,
.
, .


( ).
( ). 
,
. 
.

. 
, 
. .

. 
, .

,
.
( ), 
, 
.


, 
. 
.
, , .

,
.


.
, .
35

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 36


. 

.
, ,

, 
. ,

. 

,
 . 
. ,
.
.
,
.
, 
. 
,
. , 

, 
.
,
.
, ,
. 
. 
, 
. 

. 

.


. (
) ,
( ), 
36

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 37

II. 

. 
, , 
. 
. 
, 1012
.
. 
. , 
, 
, 
.

.

, 
, , 
 ,

. 

,
. 
, 
, . 
.

.
, .. 
(.. Rappaport) 50 XX .
.

.


. 
.
( 2 ),
(). 
.
, 
(). 
37

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 38

,
. 
, 
( ), 
.
.

(. 2.7).
( 
)
(. 2.8), . 
, ,
. ,
.
.
,
, , 

. 2.7.
1 ; 2 ; 3
(); 4 ; 5
; 6 ;
I, II, III

38

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 39

II. 

. (. . 2.7),
: I 
() , 
; II 
, III .


. , 
, ,
( III)
.

, 
,
. , ,
, I, III . , 
, ,

. 2.8.
1 ; 2 ( );
3 ( );
4 ; 5 ;
6

39

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 40

, III . ,

,
. 
, 
,
( )
( ) 
.
, ,
,

, 
. 
,
 III 
. 
, .

, , , 
.
III ,
, 
. 

.

. ,

. , 
, 
.
, 
, . 
,
,
,
.
. 

.
40

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 41

II. 

.

7080%.


:
, . , 

. (7075%) 
. 1,5 , . .
25% .
5080 100 
. , . . 
400 2,
.
120 . ., 812 . .,
0 5 . .
, 
( . ./ . . = 1/13,5).
20% .
70%
.

,
, .

1,9 .% , 
(
7 .%).
5070% 

, 

,



(
. 2.9
).
41

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 42


.


.
, ( 4080%) 
. 
57 ,
(a. hepatica communis), (truncus celia
cus).
 
 (a. gastro
duodenalis) (a. hepatica propria).
35 , 
 

(aa. hepaticae dextra et sinistra), . 

(a. gastrica dextra),
(a. cystica) .
. 
, 
, V VIII . 

, VI VII .
I IV , II
III .
. IV 
(. .
). 
,
14% . 
.

,
, 
 .

(14%), (27%) .
42

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 43

II. 

 ( 50%),

.
 , 

.

(515%)
(13%). 
.
 
(1219%). 
, 

.
.

(12%).  
. 2% 
. 

IIIII .
(
 .)

, ,
,  . ..
.. (1974) .
, 

( ), 
.

(v. portae) 
 , ,
.

(). 
43

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 44

, 
, .
, 
, (v. mesenterica superior), 
(v. lienalis) (v. mesenterica inferior).
( 90%) 
,

. 
(vv. gastricae dext. et sin.), 
(v. pancreaticoduodenalis sup.), 
(v. gastroepiploica dext.) ,
.
60% 
. 30%,
10% .
48 ,
1114 . 

(incisura pancreatis), 23% 
.

.


.
(ramus dexter) 
(ramus sinister), .

, , 80%
(. 2.9). 
, 
V VIII .
, 
VI VII .
(I ), II .

III IV . III IV
( )
.
44

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 45

II. 


. 
.
 , 
( 10%). 
.
 
(25%). ,

.
 ,
, 
( 8%).
 V VIII

( 8%).

.
,
.


,

(
).




. 


(. 2.10).
 

(vv. gastricae
. 2.10
breves) 
: (1), (2),
(vv. esophageae)
(3), (4)

( . , 1970)

45

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 46

, 
.
(v. azygos et
v. hemiazygos), . 
260280 . . 
,
. ,
, , 
,
 .
 
(vv. iliacae int.) 
.
(v. rectalis sup.)
,
(v. rectalis media et
v. rectalis inferior),
( ). 
.

(v. umbilicalis), ,
,

(vv. epigastricae superficiales), 
.
(vv. epigastricae sup. et inf.),
(vv. thoraci
cae int. )
(vv. iliacae ext. ).

.

(vv. paraumbilicales), .


, , , 
, 
, .

.
46

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 47

II. 



.

, 
, , 3 20
. 
, : , 
(vv. hepaticae dextra, intermedia et sinistra),
. 
, 20 .
(VI VII )
( V VIII 
).

13 , .

IV V , VIII
. 
, . .
, .

. 
. 
. 
II III IV . I
, , 
(512) ,
.
,
.
70%.
, 
.
.

, 90. 
,
.
47

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 48


0,51,0 2 .
.
.
,
(sulcus v. cavae), 
, (ligamentum v. cavae),
. 
.


. 

. 
1 
, .



. 

, , , 
.

. ,
. 
, , 
,
.

.


, 
, .
(ductus thoracicus). 

,
, 
48

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 49

II. 

,
(cisterna chyli).



.
.

.


() . 
VIIX
,
.

.
, ,
.

.

. . 

,
.

, ,

.
.




. 
,
49

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 50

 
.
(ductus hepaticus commu
nis). (duc
tus cysticus) (ductus choledochus).
.

,
, , 515 
.
,
. ,
, , 
25 . 
1 , .
( 5%)
. 
.


, 
.
 

1,53,0 ,
. 16% ,
. . VI VII , 
.
 5%
, .. 
( V VIII )
.
 20%
. 
III IV ,
I II . 6%

.
50

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 51

II. 

  ( 2%),
,

. 2 , 
.
V ,
, , 
.
 ,
(, , ) .
.

.
,

45 . 
45 .

. 
, 1130% 
.


. ,

. 
, 
. 

.
10% 
,
[Mirizzi P.,1940]. , 
.


.


51

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Page 52

, 
(papilla duodeni major, seu papilla Vateri)

(ductus pancreaticus). , 
.
, ,
2 12 . 
, , . 
57 . 58
1 . 
( ) 3 .

,

 , .

 . , 
. , ..
.. (1986) 911 
36% 
, 1215 95,2%,
, , 8 
0,8% .
: 1) 

(04 ); 2)

(12 ); 3) 
( 3 ); 4) 
() 
(12 ).
, 

 (ampulla hepatopancreati
ca) 39 , 
(porus papillae).
, ,

. 0,51,5 . 
34 
52

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 53

II. 

.
,
, 
.

.
.
, ,
, 

. 

,
.


.
( 7090%)
(. 2.11). 

. , ,

.

, , .
, 5585% 

.
,

. 2.11

53

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 54

(633%).
(46%),
(46%). 
(. 2.12).

812
, 
.
, 
(plica longitudinalis duodeni) 
. ,
, 
. 


. 
, 
.
,
, 
.

(papilla duodeni minor),

(ductus pancreaticus accessorius). 23

. 2.12

54

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 55

II. 

. 
 .

. 

. , 
.

, 1 . 

.
3 .

.
,
. 
, ,
, .
[Oddi R., 1887],
XVII
(Glisson F.). 

,
.
. 
15 , 
. 
.
,
, .

.

: ,
, 
[Westphal K., 1931] (. 2.13).



55

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 56

,
.


. , 
, ,
, ,
,
.







.

(vesica fellea)


, 
(fos
sa vesicae felleae).
, 
,
. 



. 2.13
, 

.
:

1 ;
2 ;
610 , 34 . 
3 ;
3070
4
. (1,52 ), 
;
,
5 ;

6

200 .
56

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 57

II. 

: , . 
(fundus vesicae felleae) 
, .

. (corpus vesicae felleae) , 
.
. ,

,
. 
.
, 
[Hartmann H.]. (collum vesicae fel
leae) , ,
.
,

. ,
. 
, 
, ,
. .
1/31/2 .
. 
,
, 
,
.

, 
. .

, ,
. , 
( , 
, ).
, ,
. .

( ) , 
57

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 58

. 
.
,
.

. 
, . 
 

, [Heister L., 1717].

, , .

, ,
[Lttkens U., 1926]. 
[Aschoff L.,
1909], , 
 [Rokitansky K., 1842].
, ,
, .

, .

.  ,
, 
[Luschka H., 1863]. 
.
, 
, 
. , ,

, . 
 (ducti hepatocystici) 

. .
.

( 3% ).
(0,01%), ,
, . 
.
58

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 59

II. 


, 
,
.
,
[Calot J.F., 1891],
, 
.
 
[Mascagni, 1788].
. 
, 
,  
. 
, , 
 
, 
. 
,
. 
.


.

, . 

. , 
, ,
.

(ductus cysticus)
3 3 .
1 7 . 5
.

,
. 34 
, . 
59

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 60


. 
, 
(. 2.14).
, 
.
, ,

. 

.
, 
, .
, , . 



,

.

, 
,

,
, 
, 
, 
.

.




( 35) 

. 2.14 (1)
(2) , [Heister L., 1717], 

.


.
60

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 61

II. 


.
. 
.

,
, 
. 
,
, .
, , .

,
.
.
.

. 

,
.



. 
. XIX Karl Ludwig
. 

,

. 
, , 
.

. , , , 

, . 
, ,
61

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 62

, 
, ,
,
.

.
,
.


. (8595%)
, , , , . ,
, 
, , , 
.
, , , , , 
, , .
( 50% )

,
. , 
. 
.
, . 


.

 
, .

(, , ,
). 1520%. 

.
,
, 
. 
.
62

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 63

II. 


.  
. 1.0091.013,
1.0261.048; pH 7,38,0, 6,8. 
:
, .
6001000
. , ..
.. (1967) . :
1)

, ;
2) ,
,
; , 

, , D, , ,
;
3) ,
,
;
4) 
, ,
;
5) ,
,
;
6) ,
.

, , ,
, , 
, 
, , 
. 

.

,  .
63

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 64

. 
. , 
, , ,
, . 
, . , , 
.
, 
, .
.
,
. 
, .
,
, , , 

.

, 
( ). 

. 
, 
.
.
,
.

.
1/6 1/5 .

, 
( ) 
, .

.
. 
.

.
510 , 500 . 
64

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 65

II. 


36 1 
, .
, 
,
, 
510 .

.
,

.
,
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, 2001. 188 .

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, 1983. 185 .

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, 1987. 328 .

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, 1977. 208 .

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8.

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9.

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71

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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10.

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, 1974. 360 .

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, 1971. 208 .

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. : 
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: . . . . ., 1989. 228 .

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. . : . . , 1970. 576 .

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. . : . .
, 1973. 380 .

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. : , 1987. 192 .

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.: , 1989. 336 .

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, 1984. 320 .

22.

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23.

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, 1963. 432 .

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.. , 1918. 288 .

25.

.,  ., ., . 
: ., .: . .  . , 1976. 537 .

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. / . . .. . .: ,
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27.

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., . : . ./ .
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72

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. 


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198Au. 
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. 1910
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, 
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.

R. Korbsch (1921), H. Kalk (19291962), J.C. Rud
dock (1939), I. Wittmann (1966), K. Semm (1989) . 

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20 
, J.Sicard J.Forestier 
, ,
[. ..
., 1975].

, .. , .. , .. ,
.. , .. , .. , C. Couinaud, A.I. Dos
Santos, S. Seldinger .



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91

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.., .., 1990; Rabinowitz J.R. et al., 1974].

(2,33%) [
.., .., 1984; Rohner A., 1986; Ohtomo K. et al., 1987;
Contor R.L., Longmire W., 1988]. 

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rion 1951 .


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1951 S. Abeatici L. Campi , De S. Pereira
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1015%  
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, [ .., 1974], 
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., 1972],  [ .., 1966], 
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96

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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III.

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1954 .
. 60
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zalezCarbalhaes (1959),
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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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1952 H.R.Bierman . 
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, K.L. Wiechel
1971 .
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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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fee M.Weiner 
. J. Rosch 
. 1975 .

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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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. 3.13 :
()
,
:

,

(. 3.13).


. , 


[
.., 1997; Gattoni F. et al., 1990;
Scholz A. et al., 1994].



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101

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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,
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1996; .., 1998].
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,

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cozziMessineti (1965).

 , 

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102

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.

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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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104

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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105

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.

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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, 

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108

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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III.


(
), : 
, 2 ( 
), 3 : 5 
, 15
25 ( ).
, 
.
, 

[ .. ., 1973].

, ,

, .
Y.Caroli (1954) . 
,
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, 
.
.. (1973) , 
,

,
, 

.

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.


109

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 110

, . 

85% [ .., 1983].

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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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III.


;

;
 
;
 
,
;
 

.
,
.


1.

..
. ./.../ . . . 
, 1997. 18 .

2.

.. //
: . . . / 
: , 1988. . 4655.

3.

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. : , 1994.
320 .

4.

.., .. . , 1984. .
331332.

5.

.. : . 
. . ., 1985. 320 .

6.

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. :
, 1996. 104 .

7.

.., .., .. .
// . . 1989. 6. . 2125.

8.

..
: . . . . .,
1985. 173 .

9.

.., .., ..
. , 1981.

10.

..  . :
, 1983. 144 .

111

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 112

11.

.., .., .. . .: ., 1972. 207 .

12.

.., ..
//
. 1967. 1. .6265.

13.

.. // . .
1966. 2. . 5860.

14.

..
: . . . . , 1998. 309 .

15.

..
. ., 1988.

16.

.., .. . : , 1990. 349 .

17.

.. . . ..
. ... ., 1983.

18.

.. . ., 1980. 516 .

19.

.. . .: ., 1987.

20.

.., .., .. .
// . 
. 1990. . 4. .126.

21.

. . .. , .. . :
, 1991. 224 .

22.

.., .. ..
// . 1973. 3. . 6974.

23.

.., .., ..
. : , 1987. 190 .

24.

.. . ., , 1974. 407 .

25.

.. . .: ., 1972. 352 .

26

. .. . .: , 1984. 478 .

27.

.., .., .. .
. .: , 1975. 266 .

28.

.., .., .. .

// . . 1982. 3. . 3441.

29.

.., .., ..
// . . . 1956. 2. . 5457.

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IV

..
..
..
..

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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() 1849 . ,
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. 
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.
, . 
, 
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. 4050 ,
.



. 
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1999].
,
. 
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: , , 
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, , 
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, 


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, 
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,

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,
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120

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. 
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2 6 . (1985) 
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, .
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, , .


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126

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, , , . 
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127

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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., 68 , :
02.12.86 .
:
128

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IV.

. 28.11.86 , :
01.12.86.
: , , .
, . 118
1 , . 70/40 . .
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. 03.12.86
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129

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,


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130

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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 .
 .

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.


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199,

.
.

.
.
, 
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, 
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.., .., 1990].

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.

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. 

.
.

.

, 
131

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.
2
. 2
.
, [Green B. et al., 1977].


,
[ .., .., 1990; Dewbury K.C. et al., 1985].

.
100% [ .., 1996].
, 
, 56,0% .
17,8% .
. 

. 

 . 

,
, [ ..,
1984; .., 1988; .., .., 1990; Ac
kery D., Smith F.W., 1985].
(), 
, 
, 7585% [Burdine J.A. et al., 1979; Ackery D.,
Smith F.W., 1985].


,
. 
Se77 Ga67,
[ .., 1988;
.., .., 1990; Kaplan E., Domingo M., 1972; Pinski S.M., Hen
kin R.E., 1976; Coakley A.J., Wraight E.P., 1980; Ackery D., Smith F.W.,
1985]. 
, , 
,
132

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 133

IV.

[LaVender J.P. et al., 1971; Damron J.R. et al., 1974; Fawcett


H.D. et al., 1980].
99m

. 81,4% 
, 4,3% , 11,4% 
2,9% 
.

Se77. ,
21% . , 
50% 

73,9% , 
. 

.
, 

,
.
. 

.
. 
, 
[ .., ..,1981;
Dewbury K.C. et al., 1985]. 

, 
, [Itai
Y. et al., 1979; Inamoto K. et al., 1981].
,
, 
 
.

[Dewbury K.C. et al., 1985].

, 
133

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 134

[Scherer U. et al.,
1978].
( ). 

. 
. 
,
, 
. , 

0,51, 0 90% [Dewbury K.C. et al., 1985].

. 


, .


, 
.
,

,
.
. 

, , 
. 

2
.


, 
. 
,
 
, 
.

[Bahr P., 1984]. , , 
134

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IV.

, , 
.



70,9% , 29,1% 
. 

, 
.
.

73,9%, 
22,1% . 

( 5 ) , 

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42,5% 
57,5% 
.

. ,

. 

, 
.
, /


,
,
, ,

.
,
,

135

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.
, , 
, .
. ,
, 
.

, 
. .. . (1981) , 
II, III, V IV 
. ,

, .
, 
, 

( , ,
). , 
,
,
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.


100 . 

. 61,5%
, 38,5% 
.
95,8% .
, 

.

136

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 137



,
, . 
,
, 
5 10%
[ .., 1981; .., 1992; .., 2002;
Wakabayashi H. et al., 2002].

,
, 
. , 
, 

, ,
(future remnant liver = FRL), 30%
40% . 


[ .. ., 2002].
, 

. , .. . (1992),

26,7 , 5 
614%. 
1 .

1012%.

. 

.

137

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 138

( ) 715 [
.., 1996; .., 1998]. 
, ,
820%. ,
, .

11 21 , 5 2040%.


. 
[
.., 1993; .., 1998].


, 100 .

. 
,

,
[ .., 1967; .., 1983; .., 1986; ..,
.., 1995].

, ,

.

:
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2.
2.1
2.2 ,
3.
138

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 139

IV.

3.1
3.2
3.3

, ,

.
. 
(. ) ,

( ), 
, ,
, 
 [ .. ., 2002].

M. Refferscheid (1957).

( , 
).
. 

. ,
,

. 

, .
(
)  
,



XII .
Rochard

. 

.
.
139

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 140

/


. 
94,8%,
, 
.
, 

. 
, ,
.

, .
.
, ,
.

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.
.
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.
.
.
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. 
.

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. 
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140

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IV.

.

, , , 
.  
(
) c 
.
12 . , 
.
.

.
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1894 . .. .. ,
U 
. 
.


. ,
,
.. 
, 

. 

, 11,5 
. 


[ .. ., 1986, 1987].
 


.
141

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 142



.
1952 . I. LortatJacob . Robert ,


.
,
.. (1967), W. Longmire (1961),
W. McDennott . (1963) . 

.

.
.
. ,
, 

. , , .


. , , . Tung
N. Quang (1963), , 
. , 
, 
. 

, .

() 
, .

. Tung, N. Quang (1963).
,
. Tung, N. Quang (1963).

,
. 

, 
.
142

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 143

IV.



,  
. 3 
.

(
\ , , ). 

.
.
, 
, 


23 .


. , 

, .



, ,
, 
. ,

.

1908 . 
S.H. Pringle. 
. 

, . 

. .. 
(1970) 
3540 . ,
143

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 144

60 
. , 
2030 .
.
, 
, 
.
o,



[Fortner I.G., Silva I.S.,
1984].

, , 
. .
,
.

. 

,
1625 ,
.
11,5 ,
.


.

, 
. .


, ,
. , 

.
,

144

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 145

IV.

. 
, 
, 
. 10 . .,
.

.


 
Biopump ()
.

70 .
F. ChahezPeon . (1970), S. Franke, . Urban (1979) 
 ,
. 


.
.
.. .. (1980, 1981) 
,

. 2
, 
, 
.

1993 .
70 
5 , .
3 .
.
, 
. 

9 . 1,5 .

, 2025 
145

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 146


. 
, 
(. 4.1 ).

,
, (. 4.1 ).

3040 ,
.

, 
.

.

. 4.1 .

( )

146

. 4.1 .

( )

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 147

IV.






. ,
2527% . 


. D. Elias . (1999),
,

, 612%.

, 


[Rous P., Larimore L., 1920].
, . ,

.
,
. 1986 . H. Kinoshita .

,
.

. , 

, [Kinoshita H., 1986].
. ,
1999 .
300 , 2001 .
100 ,
3000 . 

IV
( 2001 ., , ).
147

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 148


, .
,
, 
, ,
5070% . 
,
30%
[ .. ., 2002].


, , , 
.
,

.
,
, 
, .

.
, 

[ .., 2001, 2002; Yamanaka N. et al., 1993; Elias D., 1999].
. 

. 
, ,
,
. .. . (2002) 
, , ,


. 
. 
, 96%
, , , , .

, . 
, , .
148

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 149

IV.

,
3050% 
. 
.



. 

46 . 
80% . 515%

510% 

. , D. Elias . (1999), 

,
.

.
, 

.

. 5
2446% [Elias D., 1999].
 


. 1997 .
20 .




, 
.
.
149

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 150

, 
, , 
 .

 ,
. 
.

( 
). 
Gellsaver.


,
(Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspiration CUSA) 

, 
.
, 
, . 
, , CUSA
Cooper Medical () Alonica ().

02. 
.


.
. 

, , 
, .
, . 

,
, 
.
80 ,

150

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 151

IV.

. 
. F.P. Gall 1987 . 
110 CUSA 
, 5 
03 32% [Gall F.P., 1987].
, 
.
/ /


.
.


3 , .
. ,
,
. , 

.

,

.

, 
. .. , 10
9,5%
1,9%, 61,1% 34%,
, 50% 
, [ ..,
.., .. ., 2002].



,

151

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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18:39

Page 152

2030 , 5 2045% [
.., 1993; .., 1996].
2 
:
, 
.
, 
[ .., 1998].

( 3 )
( 3 ), ( 
)
(
). .

.


, 
, (
), 
. 
,
810,0%, 
2056,2% [ .., 1992;
Silen W., 1989].
, 
, , 
.
, 


. 
, 
.
,
,
, 16,1 34,9 , 2 
47% 72%, 3 30,6% 57,5%, 5
20% 47%.
152

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

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Page 153

IV.


.

: 
, , , 

, , 
, . , 
.. (1993) 
. , I 3
44,2%, II 24,3% III 22,7%.

. A. Yamaguchi . (1993),
, ,
1 , 
3 5 
. 
, .
.. (1993) 3
43,3% , 
, 17,5% .

, .. (1998) , 
,

.
( 
) . ,
.. , 3 , 
, 28,7% ( 
18,5%, 0,9%).




H. Kehr 1903 .
.
153

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 154

H. Haberer ,

. . 
J. Markowitz .
(1949) , , 
, . . Romien
(1952) 
,
.
.

, 
[Breedis C. et 1., 1954].
, 7580% 
2025% .
1975 . .. .. 222 
. 

, 
.
, 
. 

,

. 
, E. Mays . (1979)

, :
, 
, , , , 
. 
, 
, , ,
, .

, 
, 

. R. Doci . (1988)

154

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 155

IV.

.
, 
,
.
J.G. Fortner . (1984) , 

.

(38%), 

,
 
, ,  

.
.



, , ,
. 
,
, (
)
, 
. :
; ,
, , .

.

:
, , 
.

, ,
13 . 

.
155

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

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Page 156


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. U. Tylen (1982), 

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, 
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,
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,

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.
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.

, . ,

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.


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. 

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102 (23 
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1.

.. . :  , 1983. 352 .

2.

.., .., ..
// . 1981. 11. . 36.

3.

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... ., 1985. 495 .

4.

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// . 1981. 11. . 3640.

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:  , 1995.

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, 1983. 144 .

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. 1981. 6. . 711.

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// . 1987. 7. . 5662.

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. 1986. 7. . 39.

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// .
1967. 1. . 6265.

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13.

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224 .

14.

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15.

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16.

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// 
. 1992. 7. . 771777.

17.

.., .., .. . 
//
. 1998. . 44. 5. . 662666.

18.

.. . :  
, 1986. 214 .

19.

.. 
: . . /.../  . . , 1970. 30 .

20.

.. // 
. .. . 1990. 2. . 148150.

21.

.., .. //
. .. . 1975. 10. . 137142.

174

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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22.

..
. .: ., 1988. 240 .

23.

..
: . . /.../  . . 1993. 41 .

24.

..  
: . /.../ . . . ., 1987. 31 .

25.

.., .. . : , 1990. 349 .

26.

.. , , 
: 
. . /.../  . . , 1969. 23 .

27.

.. .
.: , 1976. 209 .

28.

.. 
: . . /.../  . . ., 1996. 26 c.

29.

.., .., .. . 
// . 1992. 3. . 5255.

30.

.. . . .: ., 1993. 544 .

31.

.., .. . .: ., 1985.

32.

.. (
) // . .. . 2001. . 160. 1. . 117121.

33.

.., .., .. . 
// 
. 2002. . 7. 1. . 713.

34.

.., ..
// . .. . 1990. 6.
. 2427.

35.

.., .., ..
// . 1998. 4. . 3336

36.

.. / . .: , 1967.

37.

.., .., .. .
// (
). 2002. 2. . 59.

38.

.. // . 1986. 2. . 37.

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.. ,
.. ,
.. ,
.. ,
..

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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,

(1816) 
.
2,23,0% 2034% 
[ .., .., 1984; 
.., .., 1984; Contor R.L., Longmire W.P., 1988]. 
, 
7,3% [Itai J. et al., 1985].
1028% [ .., ..,
1981; .. ., 1990]. , 
[ .., 1990]. 
,
,
[ .., .., 1992; Bruce S.
et al., 1995]

, 
[ ., 1982; .., 1987]. 
, 
. .. , .. 
(1992)
(II).
(, 
) [ .., 1990]. 
,
, 
. , 2%
, 
,
[ ..,
.., 1992; Contor R.L., Longmire W.P., 1988; De Blassio R. et al., 1996].

, .

, , ,
, .
181

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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: 
,
,
.

, 
,  [
.., .., 1995]. 
, ,
[ .. ., 1989].
:
 ( 60% );
 ( 30% );
 , 12
, ;
  (
),
.
5 ,
[
.., 1990].
129 .
92 (71,3%) 37 (28,7%)
12 70 . 49,2 ,
46,3 .
( 5 )
38 (30,4%) . 
( 5 ) 54 (43,2%) .
33 (26,4%) ( 9 (7,2%)
).

118 (91,5%) , 7 (5,4%) 4 (3,1%) 
.



. , 5
182

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.
, , 
45 . 

. 
,
.  (
, , , , ) 

. 40% [
.., 1972; .., 1986; .., 1990; Contor R.L.,
Longmire W.P., 1988].
58 (45%) 
, 
: 49 (38%) , 
,
3 (2,3%) ,
,
.
19 (14,7%) 
, 21 (16,3%) , ,
3 (2,3%) 
, . 
4 (3,1%) ,
28 (21,7%) .
 2,5 ( 12 8 ), 8
(6,7%) .
71 (55%) 
35 
36 .


, 
. 
, 
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zalez E.M. et al., 1988].

, 
.
183

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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,
. 60
80% [ .. ., 1980; Aseni P. et al., 1987]. 
, 
[ .., 
.., 1984]. 
[TranMinh V.A. et al., 1991].


[ .. ., 1983;
.., .., 1984; .. ., 1990].
,  
[ .., .., 1984; .. ., 1985;
Gonzalez E.M. et al., 1988].
 ,
, 
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1990 . 56 
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45 39 65 11 43 58 .
56 
( 32
, 11 ,
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 , , .
7 (12,5%)
, 
. 
39 (69,6%) 
, . 
4 (7,2%)
22,5 .
6 (10,7%)
 . 

.

2 7
184

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. .
.
11 (19,6%)
34 .
39 50 .
3 . 34

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).
16.03.98 :
, .
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, . :
20 80 :
. : ,
:
1108090 .

185

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. .
5
, . :
. 8 .

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,

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5 

.
5 .
, 
. 
, , 
[
.., 1990; Sood A. et al., 1996].

34 ,
.
, ,
, 

, . 
1,0
. 
, , 4451%
[ .., .., 1991].
186

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5 , 12 5 , 20 
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.

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.
, ,

.

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. 10 (18,5%)

, .

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4 (9,5%) ,
.
4 2 .
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5 (11,9%) 
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, 2 
(. 5.1).

60,6% ,
9,1%, 
30,3%.

80,6%,
75,9%,
90,9%.
.
,
5 54,7%,
5 22,2%,
60,6% (
42,6%).
87 
, ,
(56 )
( 4, 9
18).

, 
.
, 




.





,
5 
. 5.1 ,


( )
.
188

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V.



. 

.

[Numata K. et al., 1993].
C. Reinhold . (1995) 
198 .

, . 
(4,721,72 ) 
, (0,530,75 ) . 
94%,

96% , 
(68%), 
. 

,
( 5060% 8390% 
) [Kudo M. et al., 1992; Fujimoto M. et al., 1994; Mares
ca G. et al., 1994; Veltri A. et al., 1994].

. 

[ .., .., 1991].
.. . (1991) 
5154 . 
95 (1,8%). 
( 6 ) ,
, , 87,5% 
. ( 6 ) 
 
, 
( ).


,

.
189

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, . 
8590%, 
9598% [ ..
., 1989; Honda H. et al., 1992].
28%
. 
,
. 

.
, 
78,1% . 9,4%


.
5 .
9,4% , .

. 

5 (. 5.1 ). 97%
1
4,55 . 
5
61,5% , 15,4%
, 23,1%
.

85,7% . 
. 

.
,
, , 87,5%,
91,7% 5 ,
92,3% 5 85,7%
. 


190

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V.

. : 91,7%
5 , 61,5% 5 85,7% 
( 78,1%).

/ , 
 
.  
,

.
1,0 . 

[McFarland E.G. et al., 1994;
Siewert B. et al., 1994; Powers C. et al., 1994; Semelka R.C. et al., 1994;
Moteki T. et al., 1995; Berger J.F. et al., 1996]. , 
100%. , 

, 
, ,
.



, .


, 99m, 
.
.
, , 

.
,
[
.., 1991].

(198Au
131J) [ .., .., 1986].


,
191

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. 

.

, 99m
. Krause T. . (1993) 
(52%),
(68%) 
(95%). 
1,0; 0,9 0,5 . 
,  
, 100%. 
. ,
 
,
, 
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,

, .

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,
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5 

.

. ,
5 
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Tc99m
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5 73,3% 80,0%
.
192

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, 
Tc99m
, .
1 ,

, 
.
, 99m


.


. ,
, .
.. . (1990) 
:
;
; 


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[Gonzalez E.M. et al., 1988]. 

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,
[ .. ., 1990].
.

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.. . (1990) ,
, 
, 
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, .
, , 

. , 



,
, 

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berg B. et al., 1987].


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. .
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194

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, 
, XII 
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.

.
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.

, 
, [Sood A.
et al., 1996]. , 

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. (1997) 
32 . 
195

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, , 
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67 /. , 2 :
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196

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198

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Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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V.




J. Pfannenstiel 1898 .
, 

. ,
, .
R. De Blassio . (1996) , 10% 
. 
, , 
[
.., .., 1981; .., .., 1984;
.., 1986; .. ., 1991; Contor R.L., Longmire W.,
1988]. 
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(1989) 
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, 
. , 
, 
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. ,

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, 
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., 1983; .., 1986; .., 1986; .., 1990;
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.. (1986) 18 (70%) 26 
. , 
, 
, 
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80% . .. 
. (1992), 7
,


.
, ,
.

. , 
. 
[Gonzalez E.M.
et al., 1988].
H. Demizyurek . (1997) , 
,
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.
,
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roce E. . (1994) 4
, 
.
,
, 
, [ ..
., 1990]. 
,
.
.
.. . (1998) 
,
.

14 . 4 48 56 10
20 60 .
7
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II III 1
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203

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[ .. ., 1989; 
.., 1990]. 
,
, 
.
S.I. Schwartz, W.C. Husser (1987) 
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, 
, 
.
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204

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, . :
.
21.04.98 : 2025 ,
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.
,
, . . 28.04.98: b 76 /, :
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206

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2%, 56 /; 24,7 /, 0,68 /.,


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207

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,
.

, , .

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. 

7 

, 15
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,
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, 
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[
.., 1990].

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ley P.T. et al., 1983; Soyer P., Levesque M., 1995].
.. . (1993)


. 
.. (1997), 
,
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, 
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208

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, 6 ( . . 4 
) 1 
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.
209

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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. 
.
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210

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211

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10473 ( 14.08.97
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213

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.
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214

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 215

V.


1.

.. // .
1990. 6. . 135139.

2.

.. . :  , 1983. 352 .

3.

.., .. // 
. .. . 1989. 9. . 4748.

4.

.., .., .. 
// .... 1983. 9. . 6465.

5.

.., .. . , 1984. . 331332.

6.

.., .., .. . .
.:  , 2000. 144 .

7.

.., .. //.
. , 1999. . 34.

8.

.., ..
// . 1984. 7. . 6164.

9.

.., ,. . : , 1999. 176 .

10.

.., .., .. 
// . 1992. 1. . 101109.

11.

.. . :  
, 1986. 214 .

12.

.. // 
.... 1990. 2. . 148150.

13.

.. // ....
1985. 7. . 27.

14.

.., .. //
.... 1992. 3. . 314315.

15.

.., .., .., .. .




// . 1989. 12. . 2328.

16.

.., .., .. . , 1985.

17.

..  
:: . . . . .,
1987. 31 .

18.

.. 
. .: ., 1987. 400 .

19.

.. . ., 1980. 516 .

20.

.., .., .. . 
// . .
1990. . 4. . 126.

21.

( . .., ..).: 
, 1991. 224 .

215

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 216

22.

.., .., .., .. 


// . 1988. . 3.
3. . 308309.

23.

.., .., .. 
// : 
/ , 1999. . 111.

24.

.., .., .., . 


// . 1991. 6.
.2529.

25.

.. . .: ., 1972. 352 .

26.

.., .., ..
. ., 1980.

27.

.., .., .. .
// . 1997. 4.
. 1114.

28.

.. : .
. . . . , 1997. 23 .

29.

.., ..
// . 1992. . 28. 7. . 161163.

30.

.., ..
// . . 1986. 8. . 5961.

31.

. . // Acta chir. plast. 1982. V.


24. 4. P. 200205.

32.

.., .., .. 
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33.

.., .., .. . 
// 
. 2002. . 7. 1. . 713.

34.

.., .., ..
// . . 1990. . 36. 5. . 583585.

35.

.. // . 1986. 2. . 37.

36.

.., .. // 
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37.

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Stanley P., Grinnell V.S., Stanton R.E. et al. Therapeatic Embolization of Infantile Hepatic
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VI

.. ,
.. ,
.. ,
..

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, , 
. ,
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, ,
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, ,
.

, ,
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. , 
,
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,
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. 
,
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. 
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224

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.., 1984]. , ,
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al., 1982; Schulz F. et al., 1984; .. ., 1985; Edwards J.D.
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225

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58 (92%) 
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.

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, 
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228

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, 

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,

229

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. 

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).

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230

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.
, 99m


.


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.


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., 1991]. P.Brady . (1987)
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10
. 
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231

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, 
,
,
.
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.
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, 

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232

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6%
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233

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 ;
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, [ .., 1986;
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, . .
, ,
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236

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, 

,

, ,
,
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,

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. 
, 

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237

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, , 
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. 

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et al., 1984]. Suraci V. . (1984) 

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,
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238

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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. , 

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.

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. 
, , 
,
, , 
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[Libutti S.K., Starker P.M., 1994; Tate J.J. et al., 1994; Watson D.I.,
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[Ooi L.L., 1994] [ ..,
1998; .. ., 1999; Ker C.G. et al., 1997].

, , 
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3. .
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, 
.
, 38% 
. 
,
, , 
. 
, 
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[Klingler P.J. et al., 1997].


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, [ .., .., 1983; .,
1997; Cala Z. et al., 1996].

.
. 


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246

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248

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6 :
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al., 1981].
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250

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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VI.

. .. . (1999), .. 
. (1999) 
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40 ,
1 3 . 
 .
. 
, ,
, ,
,
[Edwards J.D. et al., 1987; Rifkin M.D. et al., 1987].

: 
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. (1999), 102
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.


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2.

.., ..
// . .. . 1990. 6. . 1721.

251

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 252

3.

.., .. . , 1984. . 331332.

4.

.., .., .. . .
.:  , 2000. 144 .

5.

.., .., .. 
. , 1981.

6.

..  . :
, 1983. 144 .

7.

.., ..
. : . 1987. 336 .

8.

.., .. 
// . .. . 1994. 56. . 4650.

9.

.., .., .. //
. 1988. 9. . 142143.

10.

.. . :  
, 1986. 214 .

11.

.. 
: . . . . , 1998. 309 .

12.

.., .., .. . , 1985.

13.

.. // ....
1989. 10. . 4648.

14.

.. 
. .: ., 1987. 400 .

15.

.., .., .. .
// . .. .
1986. . 36. 1. . 3640.

16.

.., .., .., .., ..


// . 5.
1996. . 1620.

17.

.., .., .. .
// : 
/ , 1999. . 89.

18.

.., .., .. // 
. .. . .. , 1999. .92.

19.

.. .., .. .  

// : /
, 1999. . 94.

20.

.., ..
// . 1983. 9. . 57.

21.

.., .., .., .. 


// . 11. 1994. . 15.

22.

.., .., ..
// . 1973. 3. . 6974.

23.

.., .. ( )
// . 1982. 1. . 108114.

252

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 253

VI.

24.

.., .., .. .
// . 1992. 78. . 2933.

25.

.., .., .. 
// : 
/ , 1999. . 111.

26.

.., .., .., . 


// . 1991. 6.
.2529.

27.

.. 
: . . . . ,
1986.

28.

.. // . 1978. 1. . 120.

29.

.. . .: ., 1972. 352 .

30.

.. . . .: ., 1993. 544 .

31.

. ., .., .. . 
// . 1996. . 1. . 242.

32.

.., .., .. 
// . 1992. 1. . 9899.

33.

.., .., .. //
. 1976. 1. . 128.

34.

.., .. // 
.... 1989. 7. . 6061.

35.

.., .., ..
// . 1996. . 1. . 258.

36.

.., .., .. . .,
1987. . 111112.

37.

.., .., .. 
// . . 1989. 4.
. 9093.

38.

.., .. //
. .. . 1989. 3. . 5253.

39.

.. :
. . . . , 1997.

40.

.., .., .. , 
// . . 1986. 9. . 67.

41.

.., .., .., ..


. i: i, 1993. 512 .

42.

.., .., ..
// . 1977. 6. . 29.

43.

.. // . 1986. 2.
. 37.

44.

Angelescu N., Jitea N., Dimitriu C. et al. Chisturi serous seroase neparazitare ale ficatu
lui // Chirurgia.1994. V. 43. N 2: P. 13.

45.

Austin .H., Mitchell G.E., Oliphant M. et al. Solitary hepatic cyst and benign bile duct
polip: a heretofore unheralded association // Surgery. 1981. V. 89. N 3. P. 359363.

253

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Page 254

46.

Belcher M.Y., Hull H.C. Nonparasitic cysts of the liver: report of three cases // Surgery.
1969. V. 65. N 3. P. 427431.

47.

Bismuth H., Castaing D., Kunstlinger F. Peroperative echography in hepatobiliary surge


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3.

.. . .: , 1972.

4.

.. . :  , 1983. 352 .

5.

.., .., .. 
// .... 1967. 4. . 54.

6.

.. // . 1980. 6. . 78.

7.

..
// . 1993. 4. . 7074.

8.

.., .., .. 
// . .. . .. ,
1999. . 43.

9.

.. . .: , 1989. 208 .

10.

.. / ,: ., 1968. 373 .

11.

.. // . 1980. 6.
. 7175.

12.

.. , 
.  , 1992. 206 .

13.

.. : .
. /.../  . , 1962.

14.

.., .., .., .. 


// . .. . .. ,
1999. . 76.

15.

.., .. 
. . .
, 1995. . 118120 .

16.

.., ..
// . . 1986. 5. . 8285.

17.

.., .., .. . // .. 1977. 4.


. 480484.

18.

.., .., .. . 
// . 2002. . 7.
1. . 1822.

292

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 293

VII.

19.

.., .., .. 
// . . 1987. 2. . 37.

20.

.., .. 
// . 1980. 6. . 6871.

21.

.., .. // . 
. 1986. 5. . 1820.

22.

.., .. . .: ., 1985.

23.

.. , 
// . . 1987. 2. .
3234.

24.

.., .., .., .. 



// . . 1981. 5. . 1118.

25.

.,  ., ., . 
. :  , 1976. 537 .

26.

/ . .. , .. . .:
., 1976. 310 .

27.

.. // . . 1987. 2.
. 7376.

28.

.., .., .., ..


. i: i, 1993. 512 .

29.

.. (
) // . . 1986. 5. . 5760.

30.

GillGrande L.A., Rodviguez  Caabeivo F., Prieto J.G. et al. Randomized controlled teri
al of effecacy of albendazole in intraabdominal hydatid disease // Lancet. 1993. V. 342.
P. 1269.

293

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 294

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 295

VIII

.. ,
..

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. :
. 
, 

,
, . . .

. ,
.
7, 
, 
.

0,451,47% [ . .,
1976]. 35%
[Ochsner O., 1938]. 

, 0,0070,015%
[ .., 2000].


.

. 
(
, , , .), 
, , ,
.
,
, 
[ .., 1983].
297

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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..
.. (1972) 
:
.
1.
2.
3.
.
I. :
1.
2. , 

II. :
1.
2.
 , 

,
. 
(Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumo
nia, Proteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp.),
(Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides spp., Peptostreptococci,
Cl. perfringens) [ .. ., 1999,
Huang C.J., 1996].
41,8% [ .. ., 1988]. 

. 
Candida albicans [ ., 2000].
:
 ;
 ;
 ;
 
;
 ( )
( ).

(
298

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, ,  
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.), , , . 

, 
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,
.
.
, ,
. 

, 
.

, , 
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, 
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. 
, ,
.

. 

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, .).
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. ,
,
. 
, 
, 
, 
.

.
299

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, ,
, .
30%
50% [Seeto R.K., 1996]. ,
.


, 
IVV . 
, 
 ( ), 
. .. .
(1993), , 
, 
.

.
, , 
. 
, 
, . . , 
.

, 
. (
)
40% [Seeto R.K., 1996].
,
. , , ,
, ,
, , .
.
, .
153 ,
C.J. Huang (1996):
:

52%

48%

300

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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VIII.

:

22%

63%

14%
80%
, 
[ .., .., 1972].



, 
, , . . ,
. 

. 
, 
.
. 
, .
. 
. 
, 
.
, 
. ,
. , 
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, , .
, , ,
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. 
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.
301

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,
, 
. 
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, 
, .


, .
, 

. 
.

 
, . 
. ,
.. . (1993)
65,2% , .

, , 
, ,
.


. 

, 
. 

 , . 

.

. 
.
, 

302

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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VIII.

. 

.

[ .. ., 1987]. 


.
, 
.
,
. 

,
.
. 

, 
, 
.
.

, 67 . 
.
() ,
.
,
. 
. 

[ .. .,1987].

.


, , .
3040 2530% [ .., 
.., 1972]. 
303

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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,
.

.
, 
, .
, .
, ,
 , (. 8.1).

, .

.


, , . . 
, : , 
(, , 
), , .

. 8.1

304

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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VIII.




[ .. .,1983].

. 

.


, . 
.
.

.
,
NaCl.
 . 
, 
, ,
.
.

812 F (2,74 ). 
, 
.
.

. ,
, 
, .

,

.

, , 
,
. 
,
305

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, .

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3 . 

.

,
, 
.
( ), 
. 
.
, , 
XII .
,
,
, 
.. . 

.
, 
, ( Ochsner Graves),
. 
. 

. 
.

[ .. .,1990].
, 
, 
, , 
. 

[ .. ., 1993].

.
306

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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VIII.


.
, 
, 
,
, 
[Huang C.J., 1996]. 
,
.
, 
, 
: 
, , 
.
.

( ) , 
II .

, , 
,
.

.
, 
. 
. 8.1 [Sanford J.P.
.,1996]. 
.
8.1
,

Enterobacteriacae,
bacteroides,
enterococci

+

+

1. ()

2. III +
3. /
4. ,
307

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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,

, , 
. ,
.
,
, ,
.
, 

. 

.

.
,
.


1.

.., .. 
. // . 1990. 8. . 122124.

2.

.. ( ). :  . , 1983. 352 .

3.

..
. // . . . . . 1995. 20 .

4.

.., .. 
. // . 1999. . 4. 2. . 8586.

5.

.., .., .. 
. // . 1988. 9. . 9194.

6.

.., .. : .
// . 1999. 10. . 2428.

7.

.., .., .. 
. .: , 1982. 240 .

8.

. . : .  .
, 1967. 314 .

9.

.. 
. : 
. . , , 1997. . 211.

10.

.. 
. : . , 2000. 688 .

11.

..  . :  
. , 1983. 288 .

308

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

18:39

Page 309

VIII.

12.

.., .. : :
. ./ . . .. . .: , 2000. 360 .

13.

.., .., .. . // 
. 1999. . 4. 2. . 118.

14.

.  . , 1974. 301 .

15.

.., .., .., .. 


. // . 1983. 9. . 5155.

16.

.., .., .., .. 


. .: 
, 1987. 280 .

17.

.., .., .. . .
// . 1999. . 4. 2. . 134.

18.

.,  ., ., . 
. :  , 1976. 537 .

19.

.. . : , 1981. 155 .

20.

.., .., .., ..


. // .
1999. . 4. 2. . 139.

21.

.., .., .., ..


. //
. 1999. . 4. 2. . 139140.

22.

.., .., .., ..


. i: i, 1993. 512 .

23.

Branum G.D., Tyson G.S., Branum M.A., et al. Hepatic abscess. Changes in etiology, di
agnosis, and management. // Ann. Surg., 1990. V.212. P.655660.

24.

Cainzos M., Sayek I., Wacha et al. H.Septic Complications after Biliary Tract Stone Sur
gery: A Review and Report of the European Prospective Study. // HepatoGastroentero
logy. 1997. V. 44. P. 959967.

25.

Goor H. The Treatment of Severe Intraabdominal Infection. // HepatoGastroenterolo


gy. 1997. V. 44. P. 975981.

26.

Huang C.J. Pyogenic hepatic abscess. Changing trends over 42 years.// Ann. Surg.
1996. Vol. 223, N. 5. P. 600607.

27.

Hippocrates. The Genuine Works of Hippocrates. Translated from the Greek with a prelimi
nary discourse and annotations by Adams, F. Vols. I and II. New York, William Wood & Co.,
1886, pp. 5758, 266267.

28.

MacDonald A.P., Howard R.J. Pyogenic Liver abscess. // World J. Surg. 1980. Vol. 4.
P. 369380.

29.

Ochsner A, De Bakey M, Murray S. Pyogenic abscess of the liver. II. An analysis of for
tyseven cases with review of the literature.// Am. J. Surg. 1938. Vol. 40. P. 292319.

30.

Rubin R.H., Swartz M.N., Malt R. Hepatic abscesses. // Amer. J. Med. 1974. Vol. 57.
P. 601610.

31.

Seeto R.K. Pyogenic liver abscess. Changes in etiology, management, and outcome.//
Medicine (Baltimore). 1996. Vol. 75, N. 2. P. 99113.

32.

Shah P.M. Therapie haufiger Infektionen in der taglichen Praxis. Frankfurt am Main,
1997.

309

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33.

Sanford J.P., Gilbert D.N., Sande M.A. Guide to antimicrobial therapy. 26th Edition. An
timicrobial therapy Inc., Dallas, USA, 1996.

34.

Lever abscess. In book: Lever and Biliary Deseases (Edr. Neil Kaplowitz, 2 Edition), Fhi
ladelphia, 1996. P. 463468.

310

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 311

IX

.. ,
..

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 312

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 313



 
. , 500 
. , 

,
, [
.., 1981; .. ., 1991; .. ., 1992].
, 
2570% 
[ .., 1995], 3040%
[ .. .., 1988; ..
.., 1989].

, ( 5060%).
, ,
, ,

[ .. .., 1990].

[Cox E.F. et al., 1988]. 
, ,
, 5070% 
, , [ ..,
1989; .. ., 1991; .. ., 1992; Giuliano F. et al., 1987].
. 
, 
, , 
, ,
. 
. 
2027% [ .. ..,
1977].
313

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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8,536% , 
.

, 
, , 
.
, 

. 
.. (1955) 
, 
, . , 
.


[ .. .., 1977].

(3050%), , 
, , 
. ,
1,712%,
, 
1829% , 
.
,
, , 
. 
.

, 
,
.

35:1. 
2040 [ .. ..,
1977; .. ., 1986].
, 
, , /
. 
( 
), ( )
314

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

( 
). ,

(, , 
), .

. 

, ,
, . 
: , 
.
(
), (
) , (
),
.
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, 
.
.
(, 
), 
.

. 

, ,
. 
, 
, ,

,
. 

45 . , 
, , 
,
.
315

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, ,
, , .
,
, . 

,
, 
.

.
 
.
.

. 
.
, ,
( ),
,

.
, 
,
, 
, .
.
, 
,
,
.
, ,
( , , )
(Cupet P. et al., 1984).


.
1. . 
, .
316

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

2. . 

, .

. 

, ,

.
3. . , ,
,

, , .

, 
( , , .)
, 
,
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, 
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, . 
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.

, ,
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.

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. 

317

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 ,
.

.
. 

. .
,
, , 23 .

, . . , 

.
,
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.

.
,


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. 
:
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. 
, . 

, , .
, 
. 
, 
.
, 
.
, .
, 
,
. 
318

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

, 
.
, 
.
. 
() ,
. ,
. 
810 
.
.
.

. ,
. 
, 

.
, 
, 

, ,
.
, 70 
, , . 

. ,
.. .. (1993)
4,4%, 7,1% 
233 .
,
.
,
, 
. 
, 
.

, .. .. (1977):

319

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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1. .
. :
( 
);
;
, ;
.
. :
I. 2 ;
II. 23 ;
III.
;
IV.
.
.
.
.
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: , , .
 .
3. .
,

, , 
 .

.
,

.
.

, 
.

, .
,

320

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 321

IX.

. .. (1983),

, 
, 
. 
,
.

,
37% [ .., 1979; Muin A.,
Leong Y.P., 1992; Kruuna O.F. et al., 1994].

75% .

1335%,
823%, 1218%,
2530%, 1012%, 
2530%, 338%,
412%, 1638%,
2,54%, 23% . 1825% 

, 1226% , . 
 
. 6080% 
,
1012% [ .., ..,
1980; .., .., 1988; .., .., 1989; 
.., .., 1993; .., 1995; Donovan P. et al., 1968,
1973; Kovis M. et al., 1981; Buckhan R.F. et al., 1988; Cox E.F. et al., 1988].



, 

. ,
. ,
.

. , ,
321

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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. 
, , .
(
), (

). 
( 
). 
 ( , ).
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, ), 
, .

, , 
, .
, , 
. .. (1955), 
, 
. 
,
. ,

,
. 
,

.

: , 
,
, , , ,
.
.
,
. , 
, ,
.
 . 


.
322

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

,
,
. 
,

, .

, . 

( 1 ). 
, 
11,5 , ..
. 
, 

.
,
, , 
, . 
, 
,
.

.
,

. 
, ,
,
, XII [Madding G.,
Kennedy P., 1965]. 
, ,
.
,
, 
. 
, 

[ .., .., 1977].
,
, .
323

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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. 
, ,
.
,

.
,
, .

. 
, 
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.
, 
, , 
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.
.. (1977),
34 .
, 
, .
, 

, , , .

.
, 
. 
, 
( ).
,
, .
324

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.


. 
,
.
,
,
, .

, .
, , 
,
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. .
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, 
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,
.

, 

.
:
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. 
, 
,
. 

, 
. 
,
325

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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,
.

.
(
), 
, .
. 
. 
4045%.
,
.

, , 
, .
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, .

. 
, 
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, ,

. ,
.


. 
, 
, , ().

. , 
, , .

. 
, 23 .
, ,
.
326

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.


, 
. 

[ .., 1982; Stain S.C.
et al., 1988].

2030 , 
, 
. 
, . 
, ,
.
(10109/
15109/ ) .

. 
 
, ,
.



. , 
, , 
, , 
.

.


. 

. 
, 
. , 
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,
327

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, , ,

.
, 
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.

.

, 
, .


. .
()
, 100150 .

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. 

1520 
. 
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.


. 
, 

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,
.

, 

328

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

9698%.
. 

, . . ,

.

,
. 
 
. 

, .
,
. , 
. , 
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, .

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.
. 

.
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329

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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. 
/ 
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. 

.


.

(. 9.19.3).
, ,
,
. 
, 
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. 9.1. ., 31 .
, .

, ,
VI .

330

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

. 9.2. .
.

.

. 9.3. ., 31 . .
. .
.

6 . .
. .

331

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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, . . ,
. 

,
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,
.
810
40 
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.


.
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50 , , 
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.

.
, ,
.

() 
,

. 
, ,
., . 
90%.

. 
, . 

.
332

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.


,
,
. 

. 
,
.
,
,
500800 , 
, .

.

.

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, .

, 
, 
, . 
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., ,
.

.


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II VII . 

.
333

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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1214 . .

. 

. , 

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.

, :

, ;
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;

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.

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. 
, 

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, 
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. 
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,
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, 

334

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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IX.

. 

. 
.




. 
. 
,
, .
, ,
. 

,
. 
, 
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.
,
( ). 
, .. .. (1977) :
, 
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. 

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. 

.
335

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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(, 
) 
, . 

. 
, 

, ,
. 

.


. 
, 

, , 
[Delius R.E. et al., 1989; Croce M.A. et al., 1995;
Reihner E., Brismar B., 1995].
. 
, [Me
ger A.A. et al., 1985]. . , 

24% [Carrillo E.H. et al., 1999].
, , ,
.

, 

, 
 ,
. , 
, 

. 
.

.
,
. 
, . 
336

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 337

IX.

I, II 
(
.. .. , 1977). 

. 
.


. 
, , 
.
, , ,
 .

.
,

. , 
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II IV .
, ,
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, 
.

,

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, 
337

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.
, , , 
IV, V, VI VIII . 

78 ( ,
).

(VIIVIII ),
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, 8
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. 6 7
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,

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. ()
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, 
. 
. 
 .


.

5 (
, , .).

, 
338

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 339

IX.

. 
VIVII , ,

.
( !) ,
. (3045)
.


, .
, 
, 
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.


. 
, 
.
. , ,
, , , 
.

, , 
. 

. ,
. 
.
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.
,

, .

1520 [
.., 1971]. ,

339

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 340

, , 
.
, 
, , 

, .

.
,
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. 
, ,
,
. .. .. (1993),

23 .,

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35 . .
, 
, (15) 
, 

3040 . [ . .., 1977].
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, 
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.
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.

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.

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.

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.

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1.

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.. . .: . , 2002. 416 .

2.

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3.

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. /.../ . . ., ., 1985., 34 .

4.

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5.

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// . ,
2000. 222 .

6.

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, 2001. 128 .

7.

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IV ., ., ., 1988., . 4950.

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.   
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..  
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Page 466

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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XI.


, . Welch 1955 . 
. Starlz 1963 .
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.

, :
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. 
,
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.
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.


. 
,
,

.

. 
,
. 
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( 10), :
467

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VII.



VIII.




.

(HCV) 40% .
80%. 
,
.
HCV.

. 
.
HBV 
. 
8090% . 

HBV
, 1040%.

HDV.

( , 
469

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) . 5 
90%. 
.

. 
.
.

. 
, IV 
, 
, , 
, , 
, . 
2 60 , 
, (

), (HIV)
, 
,
, , 
, .


, . 

HCV HBV .
:
( ), 
, , 
, 
, .

(United Network for Or
gan Sharing UNOS) ,
.
470

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7
4
3 ,
2 ,
1


.
 
.

(TIPS). 
, 
, . 
TIPS
(bridge to transplantation). 

, 
. 

(Child A), 
.

: 
,
,  . 
.

,
.
.
, 

.

 . 
23
.
, ,

471

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,
. 
. 

.
,
. 

: , .

 ,
;
 ;
 , 

.

 , ;
 :
(, , 
, , , ),
(, , ), 
Fisher 11,5 (/ N=33,5).

 ;
 , 
;
 ();

;

 
;
 ;
472

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 ;
 ( 
).


.
3 : , 
(bypass) .


(UWsolution).
UW :
(
), (), 
(),
(, ). UW

( ) 24 .

.

2 /.

, . 

. . Starzl 
,
. R. Calne

.

, .
. . 
.

.
, 
.
473

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. 


.
.
.

. 
, .

. .
4
. 
. ,

, .

( 1 ).
. 
bypass.
.


. 
,
.
:
, ,
. 
. 
pH .
. 

.

.
,

.
474

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XI.

: 
, . 
.

.
. 
: 
,
( ),
.

. 30%
(, )
(G. Otto, C. Herfarth, 1991).

.

.
, 

.


.
, 
. Pyggyback technique.


.


.
.

. ,

. 

. 2 18 ,
10 .
475

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.
,
 .

.


, ,
,  .
, , . 
, 
, . 

, , .

,
. , 

. 
.
,
, ,
.

. 
 
.


: , .

,
.
. 

.

. 
476

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.
,
.
. 2448 

.
.
 .

. 
: , 
.

. 
.

. 
,
.
.

48 .

. 
, . 
.

.


.


. 1979 .

. 
25%, 
7080%.
477

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2.
  
, , . 
. , 
, .


.

. 
.

.

.

, 
, , .

. 
. 

.
 .
1984 3,
CD3 , 
 .

3 . 
: 
, , , , , .

.
FK506 () 
. 
2.
FK506 .
 
.
478

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XI.

: , , , 
, , .

. 
.

,

.


.
,
.

, 
.

. 
, , 
, .

.
,
70% . 
, .

, .

.
.
,
.
ABO. 
. . 
.
.
 .
. .
479

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. , , 
. 
.

. 
,
.
, , 
, .

5001000 (
) 13 
. 3, 
.

. 
.
. 
220% . 

.

.

. , 
.

.


, .

.
(510%), . 1%.

.

. 
480

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XI.

.
.


.

, ,
. 
. 
, .

. : 
, , 
. 
.
. 
. 
.



. 80 

. 
,
, 

. 
,
.

, 
, , 
.
.
 

. 
.

481

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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.
1035%. : ,
, , ,
.

, ,
, ,
. 
, .

.


70%.
European
Liver Transplant Registry 3 20%,
40% 
.

3040%.
( 60%) ( 50%). 412 

5%, 12 23%.



.
. 
, 

.

482

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

10.02.2003

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Page 483

XI.


1.

Calne R.Y. Immunological tolerance the liver effect // Immunol Rev. 2000. Vol. 174.
P. 280282.

2.

Otto G., Herfarth C. Liver transplantation //Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 1991. Vol.116,
N 15. P. 579583.

3.

Starzl T.E. The privileged liver and hepatic tolerogenicity // Liver Transpl. 2001. Vol. 7,
N 10. P. 918920.

4.

Starlz T.E., Demetris A.J. Liver transplantation: a 31year perspective. Chicago: Year Book
Medical Publishers, 1990.

483

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 484

II. 

(
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

54

56

51

50

59
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

43

42

47
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

62

65

67

69

68
. . . . . . .16
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71(
72
: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21(
22
 26
25

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
. . . . . . . . . . . . .203
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193

484

Hepato_2003_Last_With_Index.qxd

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Page 485

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186
215(218
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199
, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
. . . . . . . .143
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

. . .171
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
( ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103


485

108
104
105
103
107
105
108

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Page 486

II. 

108
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

81

87
<
86

79

75
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
.151

. . .

153
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
  . . . . . . . . . . . .151
 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

89
89
94
.155


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
111(114, 174(178
. . . . .149
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .295
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219

486

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233
229
224
231
232
 232
227
250
229
227
243
251(256
236
243
, , 221
227

257
() 272
289
288
259
262, 275, 283, 289, 290
263
260, 273, 282, 288, 290
286
264, 276, 289
270
282
284
271
259
284, 291
292(293

487

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Page 488

II. 

286
291
280
272, 280, 282, 288, 289

115
302
301
304
303
308(310
297

311
339
316
321
326
357
333
335
327
313
337
359
315
332
341
367(372
349
327
335

465
482
482

488

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Page 489

470
473
470
467
477
470
479
482
480
483

469
476

373

391
454
402
397
408
407
401
389
380
. 403
422, 451, 460
399
 () 433
426
375
383
457
416
424
455

489

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Page 490

II. 

412

424
389

433
416
406
385
397

386
387
383
403
413
403
407
400
398
 402
456
457
397
461(464
 409
456
, 401
433
446
375
454
428
437

490

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