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Antihail rocket Alazan

: . ..
:
http://www.chuvashia.com/prod.aspx?id=10540
Antihail rocket Alazan

http://b2bcontext.
http://b2bcontext.
http://b2bcontext.
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150
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2456

2974
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According to the
facts of the World
meteorological
organization the
average annual losses
from hail are more than
2 billion $ only in
North America and
Europe. More than 30
countries fight with this
natural calamity by
different means.
Nowadays the most
effective is the Russian
technology of antihail
protection.
FSUE CPA n. a.
V.I. Chapaev is the
biggest producer of the
antihail rockets
Alazan 5, Alazan
6.
The technology of
antihail protection of
plants is based on the
radar tracking detection
and the identification of
different kinds of
clouds: hail,
dangerously hail and
potentially dangerous;
and also based on the
addition of crystal
agents consisting of
iodine silver with the
help of special rockets
Alazan.
The antihail
rockers Alazan 5 and
Alazan 6 are the
safest among the rockets of the similar kind. Only
ecologically pure components are used in their
production.
The usage of the rockets Alazan let to reduce the
hail losses at about 7 times. Realization expanses of the
antihail protection are justified from 3 till 11 times

.
rolltexcompany.ru

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u-a-d.clients.ru

5 .

10%.

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krasagropromsn
ab.ru

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zakupki.ru

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 depending on the value of the agricultural crops.

Packing
The products Alazan 5 and Alazan 6 are
packed in wooden boxes four pieces in each. The overall
dimensions of the box are 155x49x23 sm. The gross
weight is 60 kg.

30 %!
al-trade.su

Storage
The products Alazan 5 and Alazan 6 are kept
in the packing of the factory producer in the not heated
storehouses for three years, including field conditions
under the shed or in the open air without direct influence
of the precipitations and sun radiation from -30 till +40
and relative humidity up to 100 % for six months.
Transportation
The products Alazan 5 and Alazan 6 are
transported in the packing of the factory producer:
- by train in covered carriages for distances up to
20000 km without speed limiting;
- by sea kept inside without distance and speed
limiting;
- by track covered for distances up to 4000 km:
3700 km direct transportations by asphalt covered roads
with the speed up to 80 km/h, 300-km cobble or ground
covered roads with the speed up to 40 km/h.

Technical characteristics of antihail rockets

Name of parameters dimension

Meaning of parameters and dimension

ALAZAN-5
ALAZAN-6

Caliber, mm
Diameter maximal (according to the advanced
elements of construction), mm
Length, mm
Mass, kg
Mass of the ice-form contents (contents of the
active smoke), kg
Mark of the contents

Variant 000
82, 5

Variant 000 01
82, 5

82, 5

96, 0

96, 0

96, 0

Max. 1402
8, 80, 2

Max. 1402
8, 80, 2

Max. 1402
8, 80, 2

0, 660, 06

0, 660, 06

0, 660, 06

50-04-02
2%AgJ

50-04-02
4%AgJ

50-04-02
8%AgJ

Number of the ice-form nuclei, generated by

the head-part, pieces; not less:
temp t=-10C
temp t=-6C
Total mass of the elastic belt elements (ES), kg
0, 19
0, 19
0, 19
Maximal trajectory height under the angle of
9300
9300
9300
elevation SP 85, m
Maximal horizontal distance of the missiles
12000
12000
12000
flight under the angle of elevation SP 55, m
Interval of temperature operation,
0+45td>
0+45
0+45
Time from the starting moment of the product
up to the moment of the head-part starting
13, 02, 5
13, 02, 5
13, 02, 5
working (up to the appearance of smoke from
(HP), sec.
Time from the starting moment of the product
41, 05, 0
41, 05, 0
41, 05, 0
up to the moment of self-destruction, sec.
The system of providing protection
Self-destruction in air with the help of belt charge of
the ES (explosive substance)
The probability of safe usage for population
0, 99999
0, 99999
0, 99999
under confidential probability , not less

1. Acetonanile N
Granulated Specs. 6-0004691277-202-97 Chemical
,
Name: 2, 2, 4-Trimethyl-l, 2dihydroquinoline, polymerized

2.

3.
4.

5.

Synonyms: Benzopyridine; 1, 2dihydro-2, 2, ...

Acetone
Specs. 6-00-04691277-172-96
,
Chemical Name: 2-Propanone
Synonyms:
,
Allsorts chocolate sweet
Aniline technical
GOST 313-77 Chemical Name:
Aniline Synonyms:
Benzeneamine; Aminobenzene;
,
Phenylamine; Aniline oil;
Kyanol; Blue oil; Benzenamine;
Benzene, amino;...
Antihail rocket Alazan
Antihail rocket Alazan
According to the facts of the
.
World meteorological
..
organization the average annual
losses from hail are more than 2
billion $...

: (8352) 41-59-92
-
.

:
y-liderman@it-serv.ru

, , ,
- "-", ., . 15
. (8352) 41-59-92, 41-32-54 E-mail: m-teterina@it-serv.ru
- , -

 m-teterina@it-serv.ru

ANTIHAIL ROCKET AND HAIL SUPPRESSION

METHODOLOGY USED IN BULGARIA
1. Background

The hail suppression project in Bulgaria starts with protection of about 250 000 ha and since
1987 the protected area reaches 1 500 000 ha. In the beginning Russian rockets are used like
PGI, Oblako, Alazan , which carry an active reagent based on lead iodide, and a Georgian
methodology for hail clouds identification and their seeding. Since 1986 a Bulgarian
methodology for identification and seeding of hail clouds is introduced, based on physicsstatistic methods. Since 1994 the active reagent in the available Alazan rockets is replaced
with silver iodide and the implementation of the first model for reagent diffusion in the
atmosphere starts. Since 1999 the manufacture of a Bulgarian anti-hail rocket starts; the rocket
carries the upgraded version of the active reagent, based on silver iodide. In 2000 the diffusion
model is modernized taking into account the temperature conditions in which the active reagent
generator works. The software, which is used translates the location of all objects to the radar
coordinate system and selects the most suitable launching site for clod seeding according
particular meteorological conditions in that day. Also the area of seeding and the method is
made more precise. As a result of the activities:
-

the consumption of rockets is reduced 5 times;

the reagent used is environment friendly;

the physical effect from the cloud seeding intervention is increased;

reduction of risk when handling the rockets;

reduction of rocket and launcher weight, which allows the establishment of mobile
launching sites;

reduction of the upper flight height and allowing additional space for civil aircraft
traffic;

introducing the reagent in the warmer parts of clouds, thus increase in the active

track of a rocket.

2. Advantages of the Bulgarian rocket as a technical carrier of reagent into clouds,

compared to similar items:
-

with respect of the active reagent :

It is tested
in the Testing Laboratory of the National Institute of Meteorology and
Hydrology at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
in the P. DeMott laboratory at the Colorado State University
in the Aerosol Research Laboratory at the Central Aerological Observatory
(CAO), Moskow.
It has a high number of ice-nucleus in 1 gr. of pyrotechnic compound. For a
comparison: at 100 C the number of ice-nucleus is 1.5 x 1013 nucleus. Besides the
pyrotechnic compound contains additives, which allow the reagent to be reactivated
at negative temperatures even if at the moment (and level) of initial intervention the
temperatures have been positive.

with respect to safety:

The rocket is in a hermetic container, which protects it from atmospheric influences
and protects the personnel even in case of self-destruction of the rocket on the ground
due to certain reasons.
In the self-destruction chain of the rocket there are not strong explosive substances
like hexogen, TNT, elastit, etc.
According to the European Convention on Transportation of Dangerous Materials,
the rocket is classified as class IIIB, the self-destruction system as class IB. The
whole rocket ADR classification is 1.4S.

with respect to the weight:

The weight of the rocket is 2.6 kg, and together with the container 3.65 kg. The
mass of the active pyrotechnic compound is 400 gr. The launcher weights about 70
kg. These parameters allow a complex to be built by 1 stationary and 3 4 mobile
points. At the stationary launching site the rockets and the vehicles, which carry the
launchers are kept, the mobile points are used only when shooting and are small
concrete area with thunder-protection.

3. Technology for determining the hail-peril of the cloud:

The starting point is that the cloud is a process, rather than an object. The peril
estimation starts with evaluation of atmosphere state, i.e. how much is it capable of supporting
convective processes leading to hail formation. This estimation is based on synoptical and
aerological analysis.

Presence of conditions for strong convection is necessary for radiolocations

observations. The isocontours height are determined having radiolocations reflectivity of 15, 25,
35, 45, and 55 dBz, together with the temperature values at these heights. The time variation is
monitored of the so-called Discriminative Function, which divides hail from non hail clouds.
How this discriminative function is determined?
Initially the database containing all observed clouds is divided in two - clouds that have
led to hail fall and clouds that havent. Using an expert estimation, after that a moment is
chosen from the cloud history when it was in its maximum development (for rain clouds) or in a
before-hail state (i.e. the moment preceding the cloud development) for hail clouds. Thus two
excerpts of radiolocation and temperature parameters are formed, corresponding to two cloud
types. Linear discriminative analysis permits to generate a function of cloud parameters, which
separates in the best way the two excerpts.
We consider that the best criterion for cloud transition into a before-hail state is the
condition:
A = H45 - 0.1 TH15 > 9.3,
where H45 is the height [km] of isocontour with reflectivity of 45 dBz and TH15 is temperature [o C]
at the top of the isocontour with reflectivity of 15 dBz.
When the value of A is around the critical 9.3, additional criteria are used to determine
the cloud type, such as the type of the general convective scene in the region, isotermic heights,
gradients and dynamics of isocontours, etc.
All this brings an answer to "WHEN to intervene?".
The observations are carried out using meteorological radiolocation station MRL-5 with
10 cm wavelength, analog system for multicontour signal display and digital system for real time
display and recording of radiolocation data.

4. Technology of intervention :
The radiolocation observations use classification of uni- multi- and super-cell processes. The
cell is defined as an isocontour of 45 dBz reflectivity. The process type is determined by the
number of cell in one isocontour of 35 dBz and by the reached stage of development. Unicell
process is trivial. It is more difficult to determine the transition moment between multicell and
supercell processes. Supercell process requires that at the same moment cells in different

development stage exist in an isocontour of 35 dBz (at stages of genesis, maximum

development and raining) and that the generation is going continuously in time. In this case the
atmosphere energy realisation becomes an uninterruptible process leading to greatest hail
damages. In some multicell and all supercell cases radiolocation shape of the cloud has a
peculiar "incline" or an asymmetrical structure.
WHERE to interfere, or the place of seeding agent introduction depends on the process
type.

In all cases the agent is activated at height in the layer between -5C and -10C.
Symmetrical processes require seeding in the region with reflectivity of 35 dBz. For
asymmetrical processes the seeding region lies below the "incline", excluding the isocontour
with reflectivity 55 dBz, large horizontal gradients require that seeding includes the region up to
the border of isocontour 15 dBz.
HOW much to seed?
Our method requires filling of the seeding region with about 104 - 105 particles per cubic
meter.
Before 1992 the seeding agent used was lead iodide (PbJ). The seeding agent quantity
required was determined by the volume of the seeding region in order to obtain a density of 10 5
particles per cubic meter.
Since 1994 a new seeding agent is used. The pyrotechnical compound contain 10%
silver iodide (AgJ), issuing 5.1013 nuclei per gram. The seeding agent quantity is determined
using a diffusion model. As a result the rockets quantity was reduced five times.

5. Comparison between rocket method and other hail suppression methods:

In the world there are 3 methods for cloud seeding with active reagent. When estimated each
of them has their advantages and disadvantages in case of hail suppression activity.
A. Ground-based generators seeding
Advantages:
- low maintenance costs; does not require high qualification of the staff who can work on
a partial-time basis; does not require air-traffic co-ordination.
Limitations:
- large and non-effective agent spending; seeding is not made in the right places and at
the right time and the seeding agent is quite often deactivated (moistened) before reaching the

required height.

B. Aircraft seeding
Advantages:
- does not require special restrict to air-traffic control; needs few staff; can seed in the
correct region at the correct time, unless heavy clouds.
Limitations:
-

the continuous seeding is impossible; heavy clouds limit the precision of seeding in
space and time; needs high staff qualification.

C. Rocket seeding
Advantages:
- can seed with high space and time precision; continuous seeding is possible;
low agent spending.
Limitations:

- requires restrict to air-traffic control; staff is required for rockets lines

maintenance, although not highly qualified.

HAIL SUPPRESSION ROCKET

COMPLEX "ALAZAN"
Rocket "Alazan-5".
"ALAZAN-5" rocket is an unguided finned 82.5 mm missile. It has a
two-mode engine (with 6 sec pause between the modes), a head part with
pyrotechnic mixture of crystallizing agent, and a self-distracter. The two

mode regime guarantees flat trajectories and accurate agent delivery to a specified
cloud layer.
The rocket can transport 630 g of pyrocomponent, dispersing it along the route
for 35 sec.
The seeding route is of 6 km lenght and the concentration of ice-forming
aerosol is quite high.
The rocket can be safely used over densely populated areas due to body
crushing into small fragments after the seeding is over.

Specification of Hail-Suppression rockets Alazan-5.

Specification

Alazan-5

Caliber, mm

82,5

Length, mm

1402

Launching mass, kg

8,8

Seeding agent mass, g

0,66

Rocket body mass(body fragments), kg

4,7

AgI amount in one rocket, g

12,6

Active nuclei output from one rocket at -10

Seeding range, km
Agent releasing, sec
Probability of safe use for population, not less than

6,61015
2-10
30 4
0,99999

Rocket Launcher "TKB-040-04".

Rocket launcher "TKB-040-04" makes it possible to launch rockets
"ALAZAN-5". It has a pedestal, 12 guides, turning devices for vertical and horizontal.
Each guide is fixed independently allowing a veering arrangement of the rocket tracks
and guaranteeing an efficient cloud seeding with rocket series without additional
aiming after each launch.
When several rockets are fired off with different horizontal and vertical aiming
the whole volume tric seeding occures and increases the seeding effect.
The guides are of a boxed type with grooves for rocket fins and locks to fix the
rockets in place. There are contact devices to start the engine and self-distracter.
Specification of Rocket Launcher "TKB-040-04".

SPECIFICATION
Caliber, mm
Number of tracks, pc

B040-04
82,5
12

Guide arrangement

veering

Mass with control

board and cables, kg

670

Power consumption
(3220 v,50 Hz), kW

14

Voltage supply, V

24
10%

Aiming angles:
Horizontal

0 360

Vertical

0 85

 Production
list

Hom Precipitation
e
Control

NEWS

Anti-Hail
Works

Scientific
Researches

Traya Contac
l
ts

Loza-6 are ready to producing

01.03.2010

Sky
The main differences from the existing series:
Clear II:
Small
distance of flight about 10 000 m
o
distance
the very high ice-nucleation activity 8.0E+13 under -10 C
rocket
lower silver content ( 4% )
23.02.2010

Sky
More details on page "Rocket anti-hail technologies"
Clear I:
Precipit
Loza-6 test
Loza-6 test bench, full test
Loza-6 test bench,
ation
measurement of inner ballistics
Control bench,
and ice-nucleation activity
21.02.2010 measurement of
inner ballistics
Sky
Clear
III:
Ground
Generat
or
19.02.2010

Loza-5
universa
l are
ready to
produci
ng

14.12.2009

Loza-6
Loza-6 start
are
ready to
produci

Loza-6, after licvidation

Loza-6 diagram of trust

ng

Loza-6 (8% IHF)

Loza-2 head part (12% pyrotechnic
mixture)
AS (4% IHF) Russia
Head part "Alazan" (8% pyrotechnic
mixture)

Loza-6 ballistics.

Calibre mm
60
Length, mm
1045
Weight, kg
3.2
Radius of action, km 10
Length of a working
8
line, km
Reagent weight, g
900
Quantity AgJ, g
72
% AgJ
8.0 %
Ice-nucleation
7.2E+16
activity, minus 10 C
Activity per gramm 8.0E+13
In a rocket "Loza-6" uses not classic silver compounds and we had recalculated
to AgJ for comparison.

Now our company starts development of a product "Loza-7" with the contents of
silver compounds in recalculation on AgJ about 2 % and with an output of active
nucleuses approximately 1.2E+16 per rocket.

,
1.
1967 , 250 000
ha, 1987 1 500 000 ha.
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. 1999
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2.6 kg, 3.65 kg.
400 g. ~ 70 kg.
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A = H45 + 0.1TH15 > 9.3,

H45 45dBz , TH15 - ,
15 dBz.
9.3
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Investigation of the stability of rotating generators of liquid reagents in

the atmosphere
Il'In, M. I.; Ignatenko, V. I.; Stepanov, A. B.
IN: Physics of the upper atmosphere (A91-29876 11-46). Moscow, Gidrometeoizdat, 1990, p. 92-97. In
Russian.
Aspects of the stability analysis of the motion of a body containing a viscous-fluid-filled cavity are
examined. The problem is divided into two independent parts. First, the hydrodynamic part is reduced
to the determination of functions and coefficients characterizing the effect of the fluid on the motion of
the body. Second, the dynamic part is reduced to the solution of the equations of body motion, in which
the presence of the fluid-filled cavity is taken into account via functions determined from the
hydrodynamic part of the problem. As an example, this theory is used to calculate the rotational motion
of the Alazan' meteorological rocket, which carries a liquid-filled container.

Keywords: INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS, LIQUID SLOSHING, ROTARY STABILITY, ROTATING FLUIDS, VISCOUS
FLUIDS, EQUATIONS OF MOTION, LOW REYNOLDS NUMBER, ROTATING BODIES, TANKS (CONTAINERS),
ULLAGE