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Содержание Урок 9
Прошедшее простое время (Past Sim ple). Глагол to be
1 в прошедшем простом времени. Употребление глагола
Хсратристикв звуков, английский алф авит................................. 9 to leave (fo r). Разница в употреблении слов too, either,
also. Пересказ текста: “The story of Mr. Jeremy Fisher”
(after B. Potter)....................................................................................... 66
Общвл Х1МКТврисТИКв времен. Общая характеристика времен Урок 10
гоуйПЫ Sim p li, Настоящее простое время (Present Simple ). Будущее простое время (Future Simple), выражение
Глагол to be в настоящем простом времени. Указательные here is... Тема: “Мой дом, квартира.”............................................... 78
местоимения. Образование вопроса с вопросительными мес
тоимениями. Место существительных в предложениях, опре Урок 11
деляемых местоимениями w hat, whose. Разница в употребле
нии местоимений w ho и w hat.......................................................... 12 Выражение w ould like. Пересказ текста: “A day in the life
of Simson Carrot.” (After R. Dickson)................................................ 87
Урок 3 Урок 12
Глагол to have (have g o t) .........i ....................................................... 22 Разница в употреблении глаголов to speak, to talk, to tell, to
say. Предлоги. Первая группа предлогов для запоминания.
Урок 4 Тема: “Как я обычно провожу праздники.” .................................. 93
Артикль (основные правила употребления)........................ 27
Урок 13
Урок 5
Союзы. Диалог: “Праздники.”.......................................................... 105
Спряжение глаголов в Present Simple. Неопределенная
форма глагола. Порядок слов в повествовательном предло
ж е н и и . Вопрос к подлежащему. Употребление глагола to like. Урок 14
Разница в употреблении глаголов to study; to teach, to learn, Типы вопросительных предложений. Вторая группа
to recognize. Разница в употреблении местоимений which предлогов для запоминания. Пересказ текста: “Randy
и w hat, th a t и w hat, which и who. Тема: “Моя семья, and the Tiger.” (After R. Dickson)................................................. 108
Друзья.” .................................................................................................... 35
Урок 15
Урок 6
Прилагательное, словозаменитель one, словообразование
Множественное число существительных, притяжательный прилагательных. Тема: “Мое последнее посещение
и родительный падежи. Тема: “Мой рабочий день.” ..................51 ресторана.” ........................................................................................ 114
Урок 7
Урок 16
Неопределенные местоимения (m u ch /m an y, (a ) little /
(a ) fe w ) . Пересказ текста: “Little Women.” Наречие. Третья группа предлогов для запоминания.
(After L. M. Alcott)................................................................................ 56 Диалог: “Ресторан.”................................................................. 123
Урок 8 Урок 17
Личные и притяжательные местоимения, абсолютная форма
Безличные предложения. Пересказ текста: “The Piper
притяжательных местоимений, возвратные местоимения.
of Hamelin.” (A. German legend)................................................... 128
Тема: “Мой выходной день.”.................... 60
6 Содержание Содержание 7
Урок 18 Урок 27
Оборот there is / are. Четвертая группа предлогов Прошедшее совершенное время (Past Perfect).
для запоминания. Тема: “Времена года.” .................................. 136 Диалог “Покупки.” ......................................................................... 215
Урок 19 Урок 28
Неопределенные местоимения some, any, по и их произ Будущее совершенное время (Future Perfect).
водные. Пересказ текста: “The Story of Bottle Hill. Part I” Пересказ текста: “Ruthless. PartГ (After W. de M ille) 220
(An Irish legend).............................................................................. 144
Урок 20 Урок 29
Общая характеристика времен группы Perfect Continuous.
Числительное, производные от неопределенного местоимения Настоящее совершенное длительное время (Present
every, месяцы, дни недели, даты. Пятая группа Perfect Continuous). Пересказ текста: “Ruthless. Part И” (After
предлогов для запоминания. Пересказ текста: W. de M ille).................................................................................... 225
“The Story of Bottle Hill. Part II" (An Irish legend).................. 155
Урок 21 Урок 30
Прошедшее совершенное длительное время (Past Perfect
Обозначение времени по часам. Шестая группа предлогов Continuous). Диалог: “Встреча.”................................................ 232
для запоминания. Тема: “Путешествия."................................... 164
Урок 31
Урок 22
Будущее совершенное длительное время (Future Perfect
Модальные глаголы (can, may, m ust, to be to, need, Continuous). Пересказ текста: “The Axe in the Ceiling.
should) и их эквиваленты. Диалог: “Путешествия.”! 169 Part I”. (An English ta le )............................................................... 236
Урок 23
Урок 32
Общая характеристика времен группы Continuous. Насто
Будущее в прошедшем (Future in the past). Пересказ
ящее длительное время (Present Continuous), выраже текста: “The Axe in the Ceiling. Part II” (An English ta le ).. . . 241
ние to be going to. Ближайшее будущее. Разница в упот
реблении слов еще, уже, другой, все еще, еще немного.
Урок 33
Пересказ текста: “The story of Bottle Hill. Part III"
(An Irish legend)............................................................................. 185 Согласование времен. Диалог: “В посольстве.” ...................... 247
Урок 24 Урок 34
Прошедшее длительное время (Past Continuous). Прямая и косвенная речь. Пересказ текста:
Тема: “Мое любимое блюдо.”...................................................... 195 “Good Morning.” (After М. H ag er)............................................. 253
Урок 25 Урок 35
Будущее длительное время (Future Continuous). Страдательный залог (Passive Voice). Пересказ текста:
Диалог: “Мое любимое блюдо.".................................................. 201 “Lunch." (After S. M augham )....................................................... 262
Урок 26 Урок 36
Общая характеристика времен группы Perfect. Настоящее Сложное дополнение (Complex Object). Пересказ текста:
совершенное время (Present Perfect). Тема: “Покупки." 205 “The Open Window.” (After H. M u n ro )................... 271
8 Содержание
Урок 3 7 Урон N° 1
Формы инфинитива. Пересказ текста: “The Best Policy.”
(After F. F. Molnar) ....................................................................... 283 I
Характеристика звуков
Урок 38
Сложное подлежащее ( Complex Subject). Пересказ текста: Запомните обозначение следующих звуков в транс
“The Scotsman and the London Judge’s Daughter. Part I” крипции:
(An English ta le ) ............................................................................. 290
[и] — произносится примерно как русское [у] в слове "тук".
Урок 39 [и:] — произносится примерно как русское [у], но немного про
Герундий. Пересказ текста: “The Scotsman and the London тяжнее.
Judge’s Daughter. PartII”(AnEnglish ta le ) ................................. 300 [э] — краткий, неударный звук, произносится примерно как не
ударное [о] в слове “котп.
Урок 90 [э:] — произносится как протяжное [о] в слове “торт".
Наклонение. Пересказ текста: “Film Test. Part I” (After [0] — произносится как краткий звук [о].
A. Moravia)....................................................................................... 308 [э:] — долгий звук, средний между [о] и [э] — примерно как в
Урок 91 русском слове “мёд”.
Причастие. Пересказ текста: “Film Test. Part II” (After [е] — произносится примерно как русское [э].
A. Moravia)........................................................................................ 316 [ж] — произносится как широкое русское [э] в слове “этот".
[а:] — похож на удлиненный [а—а], как в слове "ба-анка".
Урок 92
[л] — произносится как неударный [а], как в слове “ батон”.
Модальные глаголы (shall, will, need, should; can't, [ 1] — произносится как краткий звук [и], как в слове “игла".
may, m ight, m ust в значении предположения).
[г.] — произносится как протяжное [и], как в слове “иволга”.
Пересказ текста: “FilmTest. Part III"(After A. M oravia) 323
[а1] — произносится примерно как [ай], как в слове "байдарка".
Урок 93 [С1] — произносится примерно как [ей], как в слове “лей”.
Артикль (употребление с названиями газет, музеев и т. д.). Ци:]— произносится примерно как русское [ю], как в слове “Нью-
Пересказ текста: “Film Test. Part II” (After A. M oravia) 329 Йорк”.
[01] — произносится примерно как [ой], как в слове “бой".
Выражения на каждый день.............................................. 339 [аи]— произносится примерно как [ау], как в слове “паутина”.
Английская грамматика в таблицах [ои]— близок к русскому [оу], как в слове “клоун”.
Активный залог......................................................................... 354 [ю] — произносится как русское [и] и [э].
Пассивный з а л о г ....................................................................... 358 [з] - произносится как русское [е] и [э].
Модальные глаголы................................................................... 362 [р] — произносится глухо с придыханием, соответствует русско-
Таблица неправильных глаголов ............................................ 366 му [п].
Обобщенная таблица предлогов, изугенных в уроках
[Ь] — произносится звонко, как русское [б].
№ 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21 ....................................................... 370
[Ц — произносится как глухое русское [ф].
Ключи.................................................................................... 373 [V] — произносится звонко, примерно как русское [в].
Список использованной литературы.......................................... 447 [\у] — подобного звука в русском языке нет, произносится при
мерно как [уа].
[I] — глухой, примерно как русское [т].
Урок № 1 Характеристика звуков 11
Английский алфавит
В английском алфавите 26 букв.
груша — pear [’pso] магазин — shop [Jop] nite), длительные (Continuous или Progressive^), со
дверь — door [dor] маленький (по размеру) — вершённые (Perfect), совершённые длительные (Perfect
девушка — girl [gorl] small [smorl] Continuous), соответственно в каждой группе по три
дедушка — grandfather мальчик — boy [boi] времени (настоящее, будущее и прошедшее).
[’graen.fardo] мама - mother [’тлдэ] 2. Общая характеристика времён группы Simple.
дерево — tree [trir] машина — car [kar] Время, с которым мы сейчас начинаем работать, отно
дети — children [’tjildren] менеджер —manager [’тагшс^э] сится к группе Simple.
доктор — doctor [’dokto] мой — my [mai]
дом - house [’haus] молодой — young [jA T )] Времена группы Simple обозначают действия, ко
дома — at home [ast houm] мужчина — man [masn] торые происходят или не происходят в повседневной
дочь - daughter [’darts] мы — we [wir] жизни.
14 Урок № 2 e 15
Образование отрицания
Глагол to have (have got) - иметь
Рассмотрим спряжение глагола to have (got) в насто Отрицательное предложение образуется путем по
ящем простом времени. становки частицы not после глагола to have (has).
Образование отрицания для /, yo u, they, we.
I have [haev] (got) a dog. —У меня есть собака.
Пример:
I have (got) a dog. — У меня есть собака.
a dog. — У него есть собака,
I have n ot (got) a dog. — У меня нет собаки
(got) a dog. — У нее есть собака.
a toy. — У него (нее) есть иг \ /
I haven’t (got) a dog. (Краткая форма.)
рушка.
Образование отрицания для he, she, it.
a dog. — У тебя (вас) есть собака,
(got) a dog. — У них есть собака, Пример:
a dog. — У нас есть собака. Не has (got) a dog. — У него есть собака.
Не has not got a dog. — У него нет собаки.
В русском языке мы говорим «У меня есть», для Не hasn't (got) a dog. (Краткая форма.)
перевода наанглийский язык это предложене необхо
димо перефразировать таким образом, чтобы в нем по Отрицательные предложения также могут образовы
явилось слово «иметь». ваться следующим образом:
Пример: I have a dog. (У него есть собака.) -» I have no dog.
У него есть собака. — Перефразируем в — Он имеет собаку. (У меня нет собаки.)
— Получаем — Не has a dog. Не has a dog. (У него есть собака.) -*• Не has по dog.
(У него нет собаки.)
Форма have got является разговорным эквивалентом Обратите внимание на отсутствие неопределенного
глагола have. артикля а в данной конструкции.
24 Урок № 3 Глагол to have 25
Упражнение 3.5
Урок Ш 4
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. Что это? — Это (а) мышь. — Это (а) серая или о Слова к уроку
белая мышь? — Это (а) серая мышь. 2. Это сладкие
персики? — Да, это очень сладкие персики. 3. Что есть больница - hospital [’hospitl] мороженое — ice cream
у твоей сестры? — У нее есть (а) новая квартира. 4. Где в обед — in the afternoon [m [’ais'krkm]
твои братья? — Они на (at) работе. 5. Кто эти мальчи Ô9 ’aifb'nuin] нравиться — like [laik]
ки? — Эти мальчики мои друзья. 6. Твой кофе с (with) вечером - in the evening [in обычно — usually [vju:3uali]
молоком? — Нет, мой кофе не с (with) молоком, мой 0э *i:vnii)] семья — family ['famuli]
кофе с (with) сахаром. 7. Это белые двери? — Нет, это не вкусный — tasty [’teisti] сок —juice [d3u:s]
белые двери, это синие двери. 8. Эти ананасы сладкие? — день — day [dei] стена — wall [wol]
Нет, они не сладкие. 9. Эти девочки ученицы? — Нет, эти завтрак - breakfast ['brekfast] суп — soup [su:p]
девочки не ученицы. Они студентки. У них нет (а) маши информация — information тоже — too [tu:]
ны, но у них есть (а) дом. — (The) Дом большой? Нет, [.infs'mei/an] ужин — dinner ['dina] (около
(the) дом не большой, он маленький. 10. У Тома есть (а) комната — room [ru:m] шести, семи вечера)
ручка? — Нет, у Тома нет (а) ручки, но у Тома есть (а) ложиться спать - go to bed утром — in the morning [in
книга. — (The) Книга интересная? — Нет, (the) книга не [bed] do ’mo:niT)]
интересная. 11. Это ваши стулья? — Нет, это не мои масло — butter [’bAta] фильм — film [film]
стулья. Это твои стулья. милый, хороший, красивый — фотография — photo ['foutou]
nice [nais] цветок — flower ['flaua]
чашка — cup [клр]
Артикль
А. Артикль — это служебное слово, которое поясня
ет существительное. Такая часть речи как артикль в
русском языке отсутствует. В английском языке суще
ствует два артикля: неопределенный а(ап) и опреде
ленный the. Артикли помогают понять, о каком предме
те идет речь: знакомом (с существительным употребля
ется the) или незнакомом (употребляется а или ап).
Если слово начинается на гласную букву, тогда ста Употребляется с существительными, которые упоми
вим артикль ап\ если же слово начинается на соглас наются в контексте второй раз:
ную, то ставим артикль а. Пример:
Пр и м е р : I have a cat. (У меня есть кот.) The cat is black. (Кот черный.)
It is a pear. — Это груша.
It is an apple. — Это яблоко. • с исчисляемыми и неисчисляемыми существитель
Артикаль а (ап) н е у п о т р е б л я е т с я : ными, и существительными во множественном числе.
• перед местоимениями (шу — мой, your — твой, Пример:
his — его, many — много, this — это, that — то, we — The cat is black. — Кот черный. — Исчисляемое существитель
мы, I — я, where — где, куда, who — кто, somebody — ное.
кто-то, everything — все и т. д.); The ice-cream is sweet. — Мороженое сладкое. — Неисчисля
• с существительными во множественном числе емое существительное.
(cats — кошки, books — книги, pens — ручки и т. д.); The books are interesting. — Книги интересные. — Существи
• с неисчисляемыми существительными (snow — снег, тельное во множественном числе.
love — любовь, milk — молоко, butter — масло и т. д.);
• с именами собственными (London, Anna) и т. д.) Не у п о т р е б л я е т с я :
'• с именами собственными, за исключением назва
Если в предложении есть прилагательное, которое ний некоторых государств (the USA — США, th e UK —
относится к данному существительному, то артикль ста Соединенное Королевство Великобритании.)
вится перед прилагательным. • перед местоимениями ( т у — мой, your — твой,
Пример: his — его, m any — много, this — это, th a t — то, we —
This is a good girl. — Это хорошая девушка. мы, I — я, w here — где, куда, w ho — кто, som ebody —
This is an interesting book. — Это интересная книга.
кто-то, everything — все и т. д.)
В следующих предложениях, как правило, использу %
ется неопределенный артикль: Упражнение 4.1
Не is a student. — Он студент.
This is a cat. — Это кот. Исправьте ошибки, допущенные при расстановке артиклей. ■
She is a doctor. — Она доктор. 1. I have a juice. An juice is sweet.
You are a teacher. — Ты учитель. 2. It is the my friend. The friend is the good.
Рассмотрим основные правила употребления опреде 3. This is the London. I like the this city. The your
ленного артикля the. friend likes a city too.
4. A my mother has a cars. The cars are a red.
Когда артикль the стоит перед словом, которое начи
5. My brother has the toy. A toy is a red.
нается на согласную букву, он читается как [бэ], а когда
6. The Tanya has an apples. A apples are the green.
он стоит перед словом, которое начинается на гласную,
он читается как [di:]. 7. The your brother has the cats. An cats are big. The
they are not a small. They have an toys.
Пример:
8. An your mother has the car. An Ann has the car too.
I w ork at the [d i:] office. — Я работаю в офисе.
A cars are not big. The they are small.
I work at the [do] shop. — Я работаю в магазине.
30 Урок № 4 Артикль 31
9. This is the my friend. He is an student. He has the 1 0 .1 have the brother and a sister. The my brother is a
many friends. pupil but the my sister is a student. The they the have the
10. Tanya has the apples. An apples are not sweet. many the friends. A fiends are a good boys.
Look, I bought the book. - Послушай, я купил книгу. - to go to school — ходить в школу;
В данном примере использован определенный артикль, to go to bed — ложиться спать;
т. к. мы раньше уже говорили нашему собеседнику, что to go to work — идти на работу;
мы собирались купить какую-то книгу, т. е. книга ему в to go home — идти домой;
какой-то степени знакома, и наш собеседник слышит о
ней не впервые. Если бы он слышал о книге впервые, и after breakfast — после завтрака;
before dinner — перед ужином; с§«*ДО
мы бы употребили определенный артикль, он переспро to have breakfast — завтракать; ^—
сил бы, о какой книге идет речь, или попытался бы to prepare dinner — готовить уяиш;
вспомнить, не говорили ли мы ему о книге раньше. to make tea — делать чай. ^
Упражнение 4.4
Урок Ns 5
Вставьте артикль там, где это необходимо.
1. This is my ... table. On ... table I have ... book, two ...
О Слова к уроку
pencils, and ... cup of ... coffee. 2. This is ... b a g .... bag is
black. 3 . 1 have ... two sisters. ... my sisters are ... students. бегать —run [глп] жить — live [liv]
4 . 1 get up a t ... seven in ... morning and go to ... bed at ... блюдо —dish [dij] журнал - magazine
eleven in ... evening. 5. We are a t ... home. 6 .... my brother больной —ill [ll] [.masgo'ziin]
is not at ... home, he is at ... school. 7. Where is your ... бутерброд —sandwich завтракать —. have breakfast
sister? — She is a t ... home. 8 .... we have ... large ... family. [’saendwid3] [hacv brekfast]
9. This is ... my room. ... room is ... large. 10. There is ... ванная —bathroom [’ba:0rum] заканчивать — finish [’finij]
весна - spring [sprig] закрывать — close [’klouz]
picture on ... wall. 11. This is ... soup. ... soup is tasty.
ветчина —ham [hxm] занятия — lessons [lesnz]
12. You have ... pencils, but I have n o t ... pencil. Give me ...
виноград - grapes [greips] занятой — busy [’bizi]
pencil. 1 3 . 1 like ... your ... beautiful ... flower. Give me ...
вместе — together[to'gedo] звонить — call [kol], ring [rig]
flower. 14. ... pencils are ... on ... table. Give me ... pencil.
вопрос — question [’kwestjon] здесь — here [hio]
15. Have ... you ... house? — No, I have n o t ... house but I время —time [taim]
have ... car. 16. ... my brother has such ... big dog. зима - winter [’winto]
всегда — always [’o:lwoz] знать — know [nou]
встречать —meet [mi:t] играть — play [plei]
Упражнение 4.5 вчера — yesterday [ jestodi] идти — go [gou]
Вставьте артикль там, где это необходимо. выходной день — day off идти на прогулку — go for
[dei of] a walk [gou fo: о wd:k]
1. After ... breakfast I go to ... school. 2. I am ... waiter. газета — newspaper иногда - sometimes
3 .... my ... son is ... pupil. 4 .... my grandmother often tells ['nju:s,peipo] [’sAintaimz]
... me ... long ... interesting ... stories. 5 .... my ... father is ... год — year [jio] институт — institute [’institjuit]
engineer.... he works a t ... restau ran t.... restaurant is large. готовить —cook [ku:k] июнь — June [d3u:n]
6. ... my ... mother is ... doctor. She works at ... large ... гулять — walk [wo:k] как — how [hau]
hospital. She is a t ... work now. 7 .... his ... aunt i s ... teacher. дважды — twice [twais] картошка — potato [po'teitou]
She works a t ... school.... school is good. 8 . 1 am a t ... home, делать — do [du:] кафе — cafe [’kacfei]
too. 9 . ... cup is on ... table. Give me ... cup, please. 1 0 .... дешевый — cheap [tji:p] кинотеатр — cinema [’sinemo]
what ... nice day! 11. He is ... good ... pupil. 12. ... my ... диван, софа — sofa [ soufo] китайский — Chinese [tjai’ni:z]
father is not at ... home. He is at ... work. 13. ... people длинный —long [lor)] книга — book [bu:k]
usually have ... breakfast in ... morning. They h ave... dinner длиться — last [la:st] ковер — carpet pkarpit]
in ... evening. 14. For ... breakfast I have ... coffee with ... добираться — get [get] когда — when [wen]
milk and ... sugar. 15. H a s ... your d a u g h te r... cat? - Yes, домашнее задание —home кровать — bed [bed]
... my daughter has ... cat. ... cat is not ... big. ... cat is ... work [’houmwoik] кухня — kitchen [kitfn]
small. 1 6 .... this is such ... interesting film. дорогой —expensive кушать — eat [i:t]
[iks'pensiv] лампа — lamp [laemp]
ехать - go [gou] легкий — easy [*i:zi]
жена — wife [waif] лето — summer ['sAmo]
36 Урок № 5 Порядок слов в предложении 37
любить — love [ I a v ] пицца — pizza ['pi:tsa] решать — decide [di'said] трудный — difficult ['difikAlt]
маленький — little [litl] (по плавать — swim [swim] ручка - pen [pen] туда — there [dea]
возрасту) платье — dress [dres] сад - garden [ga:dn] уезжать - leave [li:v]
месяц — month [тлпЭ] повторять — repeat [ri'piit] сегодня — today [ta'dei] ужинать — have dinner
мороженое — ice сгеат подниматься — get up [get лр] сейчас — now [паи] улица - street [stri:t]
['ais'krirm] поехать — go [gou] секретарь —secretary [’sekratn] урок — lesson [lesn]
муж — husband [ЪлгЬэпё] пожалуйста — please [pli:z] слово — word [wa:d] учиться — study [’stAdi]
музыка - music [’mjuizik] поздний ужин — supper слушать — listen to [lisn tu] фамилия — surname ['saineim]
мыть, стирать — wash [wof] [’sApa] (около девяти, смотреть (телевизор) — Франция — France [frams]
навещать — visit [Vizit] десяти вечера) watch [watj] TV ходить — go [gou]
начинать — begin поздно — late [leit] спать — sleep [sli:p] хотеть — want [wont]
неделя — week [wi:k] покупать — buy [bai] среда - Wednesday [’wenzdi] час — hour [aua]
низкий — low [lou] получать — receive [ri'sirv] строить - build [bild] через пол часа — in half an
никогда — never [’nevo] получать, добиваться - get такси — taxi [*taeksi] hour [in ha:f an aua]
нравится, любить — like [laik] помогать — help [help] там — there [dea] читать — read [ri:d]
о, об — about [a'baut] понедельник — Monday танцевать — dance [da:ns] чувствовать себя — feel [fi:l]
обед — lunch [lyvntj] (около [’mAJidi] театр - theatre [’0iata] экзамен — exam [tg’zaem]
двенадцати или в час дня) после — after [’afta] телевизор — TV set язык - language [’lae¥)gwid3]
обедать — have lunch посылать - send [send] температура — temperature яйцо - egg [eg]
общежитие — hostel [’hostl] потому что — because [bi'koz] ftempntja] японский —Japanese
обычно — usually ['ju^ualij почему — why [wai] тонкий — thin [0in] [,d3aepa'ni:z]
одеваться — dress [drcsj правило — rule [ru:l]
окно — window [’windou] предложение — sentence 1. Спряжение глаголов в настоящем простом
осень — autumn [fo:tam] ['sentans] времени.
оставаться - stay [stei] предмет — subject [*SAbd3ikt] Рассмотрим спряжение глагола to work.
оставлять — leave [li:v] приглашать — invite [in’vait]
отдыхать — have a rest приезжать, приходить — I. work. Я работаю.
открывать — open [’оирэп] come [клш]
отметка — mark [ma:k] приносить — bring [Ьпт}] не Он работает.
очень сильно — very much продолжаться — last [la:st] She works. Она работает.
[ven nutf] прыгать —jump [d3Amp] It Оно (он, она) работает.
парк — park [pa:k] работать — work [wa:k]
переводить — translate рабочий день — working day You Ты (вы) работаешь.
[trans’leit] ['waikn] dei] T hey^ w ork. Они работают.
печь — bake [beik] разный, различный — diffe Мы работаем.
пирог — pie [pat] rent [’difrar.t]
рано — early [’a:h]
В третьем лице единственного числа (Не, И) во
пирожок — pie [pai]
ребенок - child [tfaild]
всех глаголах необходимо добавлять суффикс -в.
писать — write f’rait]
письмо — letter [’lets] редко — seldom ['seldam] Не work + s = works.
пить — drink [drirjk] река — river ['nva] Не works. — Он работает.
38 Урок № 5 Порядок слов в предложении 39
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. П р и м е р: В девять часов приходит папа. — Папа приходит в
девять часов.
1. Они любят писать письма. 2. Он часто пишет пись
ма. 3. Моя мама хочет спать. 4. Они часто звонят мне. 1. Час назад она положила в холодильник варенье и
5. Они хотят позвонить мне. 6. Моя собака любит иг молоко.
рать. 7. Он обычно приходит домой в семь. 8. Он хочет 2. К моей маме приехала сестра из Парижа.
прийти домой в семь. 9. Мой сын хочет пить. 10. Мой 3. Моя дочь полила в саду цветы.
сын всегда пьет сок. 4. В семь часов наша бабушка пришла домой.
42 Урок № 5 Порядок слов в предложении 43
(of) чая. 6. Она хорошо (well) говорит на (нет предлога) Упражнение 5.9
английском языке. 7. Мой рабочий день начинается Переведите следующие вопросительные предложения на
в (at) 8 утра. 8. Мой папа обычно уходит (leave) в (at) английский язык.
7 утра. 9. На (at) уроках мы переводим предложе
ния (sentence) с (from) русского на (into) английский. 1. Кто приносит вам книги?
10. У нас экзамены в (in) июне. 11. Что он любит гото 2. Чья мама любит читать вечером?
вить? — Он любит готовить итальянские (Italian) блю З^Кто хочет пить?
да. 12. Ваши друзья читают английские книги? — Да, 1 4. Кто знает об этом?
они читают английские книги. 13. Не закрывайте книгу, 5. Чей сын хочет кофе?
пожалуйста. 14. Они не присылают мне книг. 15. Мы 6. Кто готовит в (in) вашей семье?
делаем наше домашнее задание вместе. 16. Занятия в 5. Употребление глагола to like. Проанализируйте
(at) институте заканчиваются в (at) 3 часа. 17. Эта перевод глагола нравит ся на английский язык.
книга нетрудная для (for) меня.
Мне нравится (я люблю). — I like.
4. Вопрос к подлежащему. Ему нравится (он любит). — Не likes.
В английском языке вопросы к подлежащему, кото Нам нравится (мы любим). — We like.
рые начинаются с вопросительных местоимений who, П р и м е р № 1:
what, whose и др., не требуют вспомогательного глаго Им нравится этот кофе (Они любят этот кофе.)— They like this
ла. Это объясняется тем,, что подлежащим в этих вопро coffee.
сах или определением к подлежащему являются сами П р и м е р N9 2:
вопросительные слова. Обратите внимание на суффикс Этот фильм нравится мне (Я люблю этот фильм)— I like this film.
-s в глаголе, вопросительные слова согласуются с глаго
лом-сказуемым. Обратите внимание на артикли в следующем пред
ложении: ч
Пример: She is learning the English language. — Она изучает
Who wants tea? — Кто хочет чаю? английский язык.
What helps you to live? — Что помогает вам жить?
Но:
Whose friend speaks English well? — Чей друг хорошо говорит на
английском?
She is learning English. — Она изучает английский.
Но Упражнение 5.10
Whose friends speak English well? — Чьи друзья хорошо говорят
на английском? Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
Сравните: 1. Какие книги вы читаете? — Мы читаем интересные
Who calls Kate usually? — Кто звонит Кате обычно? — книги. 2. Вы разговариваете на (нет предлога) англий
подлежащим является who, обратите внимание на от ском или на (нет предлога) немецком (German) языке
сутствие вспомогательного глагола в данном вопроси со (to) своими друзьями? — Обычно мы говорим на (нет
тельном предложении. предлога) английском. 3. Эти цветы мне очень нравят
Who does Kate call usually? —Кому звонит Катя обыч ся. 4. Кто покупает молоко? — Наша бабушка покупает
но? — подлежащим является Kate. молоко. 5. Кто там? — Это Анна! 6. Много фильмов
46 Урок № 5 Порядок слов в предложении 47
смотрит ваш сын по (on) телевизору? — Он обычно 4. Какие фильмы нравится смотреть твоей дочери?
смотрит много фильмов. 7. Что он часто пишет? — Он 5. Утром я иду на (to) работу. Мой рабочий день длится
часто пишет письма. 8. Где вы живете? — Я живу в (in) (last) восемь часов. 6. Это фильм очень интересный.
Берлине. Берлин — очень большой город. Я живу в (in) Посмотрите его (at) дома. 7, Я редко звоню своему дру
центре (of) города. 9. Вы читаете много книг? — Да, мы гу (in) вечером. 8. Вы изучаете французский язык? -
читаем много книг. Нет, я не изучаю французский язык. Я изучаю англий
6. Разница в употреблении глаголов study, teach, ский язык. 9. Ваши сестры живут в (in) Каннах (Cannes)?
learn. Проанализируйте употребление глаголов study, — Нет, они живут в (in) Сиднее (Sydney). 10. Что вы де
teach, learn в следующих предложениях: лаете после работы? — У меня уроки по (in) вечерам.
11. Чьи это персики? — Это мои персики. — Это слад
My daughter wants to study. — Моя дочь хочет учится. кие персики? — Да, это сладкие персики. 12. Моему сы
(Заниматься чем-либо.) ну очень нравится клубничное (strawberry) мороженое.
My daughter learns two languages. — Моя дочь изучает 13. Кто пьет чай (in) утром? — Мы пьем чай (in) утром.
два языка. (Учить, изучать что-либо.) 14. Моя дочь хорошо (well) учится. 15. Какой из этих
My daughter is a teacher. She teaches children. — Моя тортов тебе нравится?
дочь учитель. Она учит детей. (Преподавать, обучать.) 8. Разница в употреблении местоимений that и
what. Сравните употребление таких местоимений как
7. Разница в употреблении местоимений which и that (что, то, тот) и w hat (что, какой, какая, какое) в
what. Сравните употребление вопросительных место следующих предложениях:
имений which (который, какой) и w hat (какой, какая,
какие, что) в следующих предложениях: Не says that he likes to drink coffee. — Он говорит, что
он лю бит пить кофе.
П р и м е р №1:
What сars do you like? — Какие машины тебе нравятся? (общий I know w hat he likes to drink. — Я знаю, что он любит
вопрос, т . е. какие машины вообще)
пить.
Which of these cars do you like? — Какая из этих машин тебе Если из предложения на русском языке мы мысленно
нравится? (присутствует выбор, т.е. какая из предложенных можем выбросить местоимение гто и смысл этого пред
машин) ложения не изменится, то в нем необходимо употребить
П р и м е р №2: that, и наоборот, если смысл изменится, т. е. предложе
What films do you like to watch? — Какие фильмы тебе нравится ние не будет звучать корректно, то следует использо
смотреть? вать местоимение what.
Which of these two films do you like? — Какой их этих двух Пример:
фильмов тебе нравится? She Knows that you are a good student. — Она знает, (что) ты
хороший студент.
Упражнение 5.11 She knows what your mother wants to cook tonight. — Она знает,
что твоя мама хочет приготовить сегодня вечером.
1. Какая из этих книг тебе нравится? 2. Где работают
эти девушки? — Они работают в (at) нашем баре. 3. Что 9. Разница в употреблении местоимений who и
вы обычно делаете вечером? — Мы обычно смотрим which. Проанализируйте употребление таких местоиме
телевизор (in) вечером. Иногда мы читаем книги. ний как w ho, which в следующих предложениях:
48 Урок № 5 Порядок слов в предложении 49
много говорит. 4. Мой брат любит много спать. А я не does not like school. She wants to be an artist. Amy helps
люблю много спать, я сплю мало. 5. Мой друг много her mother in the kitchen.
работает, а его сестра работает мало. 6. Я не кладу мно It is six o'clock in the afternoon and the time when their
го соли, я кладу мало соли. 7. Он не ест много мороже mother comes home. Meg brings the lamp into the dining
ного. 8. Почему она пьет так много кофе? 9. У нас много room. Jo puts her mother’s shoes near the fire. She looks at
друзей. 10. Она пишет (to) нам много писем. 11. Мно the old shoes and says, «The shoes are very old. Mother
гие студенты учатся хорошо. 12. Она много работает. must have new shoes.»
«I want to give Mother new shoes for the New Year,»
Упражнение 7.5 says Beth.
1. Прогитайте текст. «No,» says Amy, «I want to give Mother new shoes.»
«I am the eldest —,» begins Meg, but Jo goes on, «I take
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь,
выугите их. the place of the man in the family now when Father is far
3. Прогитайте текст снова. from home. I want to give Mother new shoes.»
Then Meg looks at her hands and says, «I want to give
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
ную грамматику. Mother new gloves.»
«I have some nice handkerchiefs for Mother,» says
Beth. Amy looks at her sisters and then tells them: «I want
LITTLE WOMEN
to give Mother a little bottle of scent. I have a dollar and
After L. M. Alcott I can buy it.»
On a cold evening in December the girls are near the fire At that time the door in the hall opens and their mother
in the dining room. Their mother is not at home yet, and the comes in. She is a tall woman. Her clothes are old, but the
girls want to talk about the New Year and the presents they girls look at their mother and see the most (самую) beautiful
want to give to their mother. Margaret, or Meg, as (как) her woman.
sisters call her, is a very nice girl. She is sixteen years old.
Meg teaches small children in the family of their friends. /1Т Д Тематический словарь
She gets some money for her work and helps her family. artist ['a:tist] - художник floor [fla:] - пол, этаж
Meg wants to be a teacher. some [влгп] — несколько, gloves [gUvz] — перчатки
Josephine, or Jo, is fifteen. She is tall and thin with long некоторый, какой-то hair [he а] — волосы
thick hair. Jo wants to write stories and be a writer. Now she bottle of scent [botl av seat] — handkerchief ['haegkatjif] -
works at the house of an old woman. She looks after the бутылочка духов носовой платок
woman, helps her in the house, reads books to her and gets call [ko:l] - звать, звонить, help {help] — помогать
some money for her work. позвать, назвать look after [luk ’a:fb] —
Elizabeth, or Beth, is thirteen. She is a tall girl with can [kaen] — мочь заботится
brown eyes. Beth likes music and learns to play the piano. clothes ['kloudiz] — одежда near [nia] — рядом, около
She wants to teach music. She helps their mother in the dust [dASt] - пыль, протирать plate [pleit] — тарелка
house — dusts the tables, the chairs and the bookcases, пыль shoes [ju:z] - ботинки
sweeps the floor and washes the plates. eyes [aiz] — глаза thick [0ik] — толстый, густой
Amy is twelve. She has fair hair and large blue eyes. Amy fair [fca] — светлый thin [0in] — тонкий, худой
goes to school. Some girls laugh at her old dresses and she fire [’fata] - огонь
Лигные, притяжательные, возвратные местоимения 61
Урок HS 8 В русском языке мы часто используем такие место
имения как свой, свои, свою , своих, своего вместо
о Слова к уроку мой, его, ее, их и т. д. В английском же языке место
имения свой, свои, своего, свою, своих отсутствуют.
Вместо них следует при переводе с русского употреб
бриться - shave [jeiv] магазин - shop [fop] лять притяжательные местоимения.
бумага — paper [’peipo] путешествие — travel [traevl]
Сравните:
дарить - give [giv] фотоаппарат — camera [’кжтэгэ]
Не invited his sister. — Он пригласил свою (его) сестру.
They took the ir dog. — Они взяли свою (их) собаку.
She likes to call h e r friends. — Она любит звонить своим (ее)
друзьям.
/. Личные и притяжательные местоимения
Именительный Объектный Притяжательные Английскому языку свойственно более частое упот
падеж падеж местоимения ребление притяжательных местоимений, чем русскому,
в особенности перед названиями частей тела, одежды,
КТО КОГО, КОМУ ЧЕЙ, ЧЬИ, ЧЬЕ, ЧЬЯ родственников.
I —я т е — мне, меня т у — мой, мои, ' Пример:
мое Ему часто звонит дедушка. — His grandfather often calls him.
Не — он him — ему, его his — его свою Он разбил машину. — He broke his car.
She — она her — ее, ей her — ее Я не знаю, где мама. — I don't know where our mother is.
свои
It — оно, она, он it — ему, его, ее. its — его, ее *
свой Существительное с предлогом to соответствует рус
You — ты, вы you — тебе, вам, your — ваш, твой
вас, тебя своих скому дательному падежу (отвечающему на вопрос ко
They — они them — им, их their - их своя му? чему?) и выполняет функцию предложного косвен
We — мы us — нам, нас our — наш ного дополнения.
Пример:
Не wants to eat. — We know him. — We know his friend. — Не gives sweets to me. — Он дает конфеты мне. ^
Он хочет кушать. Мы знаем его. Мы знаем его друга. Give this book to me. — Дайте эту книгу мне.
We often buy ap I want to call I want to call his sister. — Существительному в дательном падеже может соот
ples. — Мы часто him. — Я хочу Я хочу позвать его ветствовать также существительное без предлога, в этом
покупаем яблоки. позвать его. сестру. случае оно находится между глаголом и прямым допол
нением.
We have a cat. It I want to invite I want to invite their
likes to play. — them. — Я хочу friend. — Я хочу пригла Пример:
У нас есть кот. пригласить их. сить их друга. Не gives те sweets. — Он дает мне конфеты.
Он любит играть. Give те this book. — Дайте мне эту книгу.
62 Урок № 8 Лигные, притяжательные, возвратные местоимения 63
Упражнение 8.1
3. Это яблоко не наше. Оно ваше? 4. Это чашка не моя.
Переведите данные предложения на английский язык. Это его? — Да, это его (чашка). Если хотите, возьмите
мою. 5. Это ручка не моя. — Она ваша? 6. Это моя
1. Дайте эту ручку ему.
собака. А где ваша? 7. Это моя машина. А где их? 8. Я
2. Дайте ему эту ручку.
хочу взять вашу книгу, потому что моя дома (а1) дома.
3. Принесите ей чай.
9. У вас нет ручки. Возьмите мою. 10. Это ваши дети? —
4. Принесите чай ей.
Да, это мои дети. А где ваши?
5. Дайте эту ручку Саше.
6. Дайте эти книги мне.
7. Дайте Наташе яблоко.
8. Пошлите Кате письмо. 3. Возвратные местоимения
9. Пошлите письмо Кате. В английском языке возвратные местоимения обра
10. Принесите немного молока бабушке. зованы от личных.
2. Абсолютная форма притяжательных ме I —myself — she - herself — we — ourselves
стоимений себя себя себя
you (ед. число) — he — himself — you (мн. число)
yourself — себя себя - yourselves
my — mine her — hers our — ours they — themselves себя
his — his its — its your — yours — себя
their — theirs
Возвратные местоимения соответствуют русскому ме
В случае употребления притяжательного местоиме стоимению себя (сам, сами, собой и т. д.) или перево
ния без существительного используется абсолютная дятся частицей -сь (ся).
форма притяжательных местоимений.
Пример:
Сравните два предложения: Не wants to do it himself. — Он хочет сделать это сам.
She washes h erself in the morning. — Она умывается по утрам.
Пример № 1: Ann buys apples fo r herself. — Анна сама себе покупает
It is ту book. — Это моя книга. яблоки.
It is mine. — Она моя.
ресторан? — Они не хотели идти в (to) кино, они хотели Упражнение 9.7
идти в (to) ресторан вчера. 7. Он не понял нас. 8. Он
был твоим другом? — Нет, он не был моим другом. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
9. Где ты был утром? — Я был на (at) речке. 10. Я не 1. Когда ваш друг вернулся в (to) Берлин? — Он
хотел кушать. 11. Когда ты пришел домой? 12. Моя вернулся в (to) Берлин три дня назад. 2. Кто уехал в (to)
мама не любила вставать рано (in) утром. 13. Он купил Москву? — Анна уехала в Москву. 3. Это город, где вы
новый телевизор. 14. Мой друг не изучал испанский родились? 4. Я часто вспоминал свою бабушку. 5. Дети
(Spanish), он изучал китайский (Chinese). хотят встретиться с (with) этим писателем. 6. Моя ба
бушка хотела испечь яблочный пирог, поэтому она по
просила меня купить яблок. Пирог был очень вкусный.
Упражнение 9.6 7. Вчера мой брат уехал из Парижа (Paris) в Берлин
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. (Berlin). 8. Где вы были вчера? — Мы были (at) дома.
9. Он звонил тебе вчера? — Я не думаю, что он звонил
1. Они не пригласили нас. 2. Мой друг получил хоро мне вчера. 10. Они уехали из Парижа. 11. Он сдал
шую оценку. 3. Том и Анна учились в (at) одном (the экзамен по (in) английскому в (on) понедельник.
same) институте. 4. Мы работали вместе в течение (for) 12. Каждый раз, когда я им звоню, их нет (at) дома.
нескольких лет. 5. Он заморозил клубнику на (for) зиму? 13. Это все, что я хотел для (for) вас сделать. 14. По
6. Мой сын нарисовал красивую картину. 7. Он починил чему она забывает сказать ему об этом? 15. Она вспом
(repair) свою машину в (on) субботу. 8. Катя не пошла нила его номер телефона. 16. Мы не знали, куда он
в (to) школу, так как (as) она была больна. хотел пойти.
9. Почему она сказала об этом только вчера? 10. Мама
звонила мне, пока (while) меня не было? 11. Мы не
4. Различия в употреблении слов too, either, also.
получили ее ответ вчера. 12. Я отправил вчера письма
В английском языке есть несколько слов, соответствую
моим друзьям. 13. Она вчера купила красивое платье.
щих русским словам тоже, такж е (either, too, also).
14. Вчера мы вернулись домой поздно (late). 15. Кто
ТЬо и also употребляются в утвердительных и вопроси
приготовил этот салат?
тельных предложениях, either — в отрицательных и
вопросительно-отрицательных предложениях. Проана
лизируйте употребление этих слов в следующих пред
3. Употребление глагола to leave (for). Проанали ложениях:
зируйте и запомните употребление глагола to leave у ез
жать, покидат ь (fo r) в следующих предложениях: I also saw him there. — Я также видел его там.
Не left Moscow for Rome. (Он покинул Москву для I saw him there too. — Я видел его там тоже.
Рима.) — Он уехал из Москвы в Рим. Didn’t you see him eith er? — Ты тоже не видел его?
I didn’t see him either. — Я тоже не видел его.
My mother left for London. (Моя мама покинула для
Лондона.) — Моя мама уехала в Лондон. / Примечание.
Если слово too стоит в середине предложения, оно переводит
She left the restaurant. (Она покинула ресторан.) — ся как слишком, например:
Она ушла из ресторана. Не wants too much. - Он хочет слишком много.
74 Урок № 9 Past Simple 75
place where his boat was. The boat was round and green. It /ТТЛ Тематический словарь
was the leaf of a water lily. Mr. Jeremy stood in the middle once [wAns] — однажды
animal [’aenimal] - животное
of his boat, and it went out into the open water. other [лдэ] - другой
back [Ьжк] - назад, спина
«I know a good place where many fishes are,» he said to place [pleis] — место
boat [’bout] - лодка
himself. When he was in the middle of the pond, he stopped pond [pond] - пруд
bucket [Ълки] - ведро
the boat and sat down in it. Then he put his rod into the end [end] — конец pull [pul] - тащить
water and began to fish. The rain fell and fell on his back. fish [fij] - рыба, ловить рыбу put on [put on] — одевать
Soon Mr. Jeremy wanted to eat. fly [flat] - муха quickly [’qwikli] - быстро
«I want my breakfast,» he said. frog [frog] - лягушка raincoat [’reinkout] - плащ
«I want to eat some flies, I like them very much,» he said. grasshopper ['gmis.hopa] — rat [raet] - крыса
Mr. Jeremy Fisher ate his breakfast and looked at the кузнечик rod [rod] — удочка
water in the pond. Suddenly he saw a black animal in the head [hed] — голова round [’round] — круглый
water. in the middle [mtdl] — в се soon [sum] — вскоре, скоро
«It is a water-rat,» said Mr. Jeremy, «I must go to some редине suddenly [’sAdanli] - внезап
other place. That rat wants to eat me!» laugh [la:f] — смеяться но. вдруг
And he went in his boat to another place and put his rod leaf [li:f] — лист (на дереве) taste [teist] — вкус
into the water. He sat and looked at the water. Soon he saw mouth [mau0] — рот then [den] — затем
some fish near his rod and he quickly pulled it up. There must [nust] - должен tortoise [’to:t3s] - черепаха
was a fish at the end of it but it was very small and thin, so newt [nju:t] — тритон water [’wo:t3] — вода
Mr. Jeremy let it go (отпустил) back into the water: Then all
the other little fish put their heads out of (высунули из) the
water and laughed at Mr. Jeremy.
Suddenly a very big fish came up quickly to Mr. Jeremy’s
little green boat. The fish opened its big mouth and caught
Mr. Jeremy with his rod and bucket. Then it went down and
down into the water but Mr. Jeremy was in his raincoat and
his galoshes and the big fish did not like the taste of the
raincoat and the galoshes. It opened its mouth because it
wanted to drink some water, and Mr. Jeremy jumped out of
the fish’s mouth. Then he got out of the water and went
home.
His friends came to dinner, but Mr. Jeremy had no fish on
his table. Mr. Tortoise brought some salad in his bag, and he
ate salad for his dinner but Mr. Jeremy and the Newt did not
like salad. They ate a nice and fat grasshopper for dinner
and they liked it very much.
«Fish is good but a grasshopper is good too,» said Mr.
Jeremy Fisher.
Future Simple 79
Урок N° 10
Будущее простое время образуется при помощи
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. Письменно переведите следующие предложения, поставь
те их в вопросительную и отрицательную формы
1. Мы купим новую машину. 2. Мы скоро будем в
( т ) Лондоне. 3. Моя дочь будет учится в (а!) институте. Пример:
4. Весна будет теплой. 5. Мой сын будет плавать в ( т )
Она поедет в (to) Берлин.
реке. 6. Они будут много работать. 7. Я буду дома в (а() Перевод: She will go to Berlin.
шесть. 8. Книга будет на (оп) столе. 9. Мы завтра по Вопрос: Will she go to Berlin?
едем в (Ю) Москву. 10. Она завтра напишет письмо. Отрицание: She will not go to Berlin.
82 Future Simple 83
Урок № 10
1. Они позвонят нам в (at) 7. мне после 7 часов. 9. Если у него будет время, он придет
2. Они купят новую квартиру. к (to) нам. 10. Как только он вернется домой, он приго
3. Он принесет немного воды. товит ужин. 11. Что твоя мама будет делать, когда она
4. Она испечет пирог. придет домой? 12. Позвони мне, как только ты туда
5. Том будет (at) дома в (at) 3. приедешь. 13. Она приготовит тебе чашечку кофе, когда
ты придешь. 14. Если она не знает об этом, она не
пойдет к (to) нему. 15. Я поеду в (to) Варшаву на (нет
В. В английском языке в придаточном предложении, предлога) будущей (next) неделе. 16. Я хочу*закончить
при наличии условия (после таких слов как: i f — если, это письмо к (by) пяти часам. 17. Он не пойдет в (to)
after — после того как, as soon as — ка к т олько, when — ресторан сегодня (in) вечером.
когда, while — в т о вр ем я как, пока) вместо будущего
времени употребляется настоящее время. Упражнение 10.4
As soon as he comes, we will go to the cinema. Переведите данные предложения на английский язык.
Образование отрицания
Для того чтобы образовать отрицание, необходимо
поставить отрицательную частицу n o t после would.
88 Урок № 11 Выражение would like 89
Пример:
They w ould n o t like to drink coffee now. — Они не хотели бы пи
Упражнения на повторение
^ кофе сейчас. / Упражнение 11.2
w ouldn't
Не w ould n o t like to come to see you tonight. — Он не хотел 6 Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
Х у приходить к тебе сегодня вечеро
w ouldn't
1. Ты купил молоко вчера? — Нет, я был очень занят.
My m other would notUke to buy a new car. — Моя мама не хотел
Я куплю молоко завтра, если не буду очень занят, 2. Что
бы покупать новую машину
у тебя было на завтрак? — На (for) завтрак у меня был
w ouldn't чай и два бутерброда. 3. Кто съел все яблоки? — Я не
знаю. Я не ел эти яблоки. Я спрошу брата. Я думаю, он
съел все яблоки. 4. Если он приедет, машина будет у (at)
магазина. 5. Моя мама встает в (at) шесть (in) утра. Ее
Образование вопроса рабочий день начинается рано (in) утром. 6. Что бы ты
хотел скушать? 7. Вот моя машина. Она вам нравится?
Для того чтобы образовать вопрос, необходимо- 8. Он опоздает на (for) урок, если не пойдет в (to) шко
w ould перенести в начало предложения. лу сейчас. 9. А вот и ты! Ты принесёшь мне книгу? Ты
всегда забываешь о своем обещании. 10. В (нет предло
W ould they like to drink coffee? — Они хотели бы га) этом году у меня будет много работы. 11. Его отец
выпить кофе сейчас? умер. 12. Мой сын любит спорт. 13. Моей дочери де
W ould he like to come to see you tonight? — Он хотел вять лет. 14. Моя сестра замужем. 15. Откройте книгу
бы придти к тебе сегодня вечером? . , и читайте новые слова к (for) уроку. 16. Все члены
W ould my mother like to buy a new car? — Моя мама нашей семьи — врачи. 17. У нас мало английских книг,
хотела бы купить новую машину? но у нас много русских книг. 18. Если она не приготовит
ужин, я буду голодным. 19. Пожалуйста, выключи (switch
off) свет, когда будешь уходить.
Упражнение 11.1 '
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. Упражнение 11.3
1. Ты хотел бы выиграть миллион долларов? — Нет, Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
я не хотел бы выиграть миллион долларов, я бы хотел 1. Where do you live?
выиграть десять миллионов долларов. 2. Кто хотел бы 2. Do you live in a private house or in a block of flats?
выпить холодной воды? 3. Ей хотелось бы позвонить 3. Do you have a garden in front of your house?
ему сейчас. 4. Что бы ты хотел скушать? 5. Нам бы не 4 . W hat do you have next to your house?
хотелось помогать ей. 6. Моей дочери хотелось бы 5. Is your house far from the bus stop?
учиться в (in) США. 7. Он бы хотел поехать в (to) 6. What floor is your flat on?
Лондон (in) летом. 8. Куда бы ты хотел сходить сегодня 7. Is your flat large or small?
(in) вечером? — Я хотел бы пойти в (to) ресторан. 8. How many rooms do you have in your flat?
9. Мне бы не хотелось говорить об этом сейчас. 10. Она 9. What do you have in your bedroom?
не хотела продавать дом. 10. W hat do you have in your living room?
90 Урок № 11 Выражение would like 91
Упражнение 11.4 .] I do not like Latin. I talked to Nell at the lesson and Mr.
1. Прогитайте текст. Williams gave me a hundred words to write in my copy book
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, I after school. I wrote those words at the lesson when the
выугите их. boys and girls read a Latin book.
3. Прогитайте текст снова. \ At half past twelve the long break for dinner begins. I ran
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- ] to the dining room and sat down at the table. They gave us
ную грамматику. meat and vegetables for dinner. I do not like vegetables and
I ate very little at dinner. Then I went into the playground
with my friends Pete Sharp and John Ford and we played
A DAY IN THE LIFE OF SIMON CARROT football.
After dinner break we had a history lesson. I don’t
After R. Dickson }
usually like history, but I liked this lesson very much. We
First, I want to tell you about myself. I am thirteen and learned about the Battle of Hastings in the year 1066. In
I am in the third form at a school in Manchester. I have a^ summer we were at Hastings and saw all the places that the
little sister Bess, who is very silly and I have a very clever ; history teacher told us about.
dog. His name is Pal. At three o’clock we had the lesson which I like very
What a bad day Monday was for me! I woke up late and much. It is games. We went to the playground and played
did not have time to eat my breakfast. I did not see my i football. Pete hit John, but Mr. Temple, the games teacher,
books and my school cap in their places. I looked in my did not see it.
room. I looked in the dining room. Then I looked into the After school, at four o’clock, Pete and I bought some ice
bathroom and saw my books there. Then I saw my dog Pa], cream and I went to his house to listen to his new record. It
under the table with my cap. I put my books into my bag^ is a nice record and I want to buy it, but now I have no
took my cap and ran very quickly to school. money.
The first lesson on Monday is maths. What a difficult I came home at half past seven. Mum didn’t speak to me.
subject to begin the week with! Mr. Green, the mathematics She doesn’t like when I come home late after school. I had
teacher, took our homework. He saw that my exercise book cold supper in ,the kitchen. After supper I did my French
was dirty. He gave me a bad mark for it. Then he gave us homework, but I didn’t do my history homework because I
tasks to do. I sit behind Jane, who is fat and silly. But she watched TV. I can do it at school during break.
likes maths very much and has good marks for it. I asked !
her to tell me the answers, but she didn’t want to.
The second lesson on Monday is French. I like French. /Д А Тематический словарь
It’s nice to talk to your friends at the lesson in another \
language. Then it was eleven o’clock — time for break. Nell copy book ['kopibuk] —
another [э'плбэ] - другой
gave me a piece of cake to eat with my milk and then gave тетрадь
bathroom [Ъа:9шгп] — ванная
me her homework to copy. I think Nell likes me, and she is dining room ['dainip ru:m] —
break [’breik] - перерыв
a nice girl.
cap [ksep] — кепка столовая
After break we had two lessons in Latin! They are bad dirty ['cb:ti] — грязный
copy [’kopi] — переписывать,
lessons. fat [fact] — толстый
копировать
92 Урок № 11
on [on] — в, на, по — on Sunday (в воскресенье), on th since [sins] — с — since 5 o’clock (с 5 часов), since
table (на столе), on the wall (на стене), on TV (по теле
morning (с утра);
визору), on the phone (по телефону); fr o m [from] — с, из, от — from work (с работы), from
to [tu:] (направление) — в, на, к — to Riga (в Ригу), t the box (с коробки), from the table (со стола), from
school (в школу), to the west (на запад), to Sasha (к Саше) Minsk (из Минска), from the shop (от магазина);
into [intou] (куда — внутрь гего-либо) — в — into th, out o f [aut] — из (изнутри) —out of the house (из дома),
fridge (в холодильник), into the box (в коробку), into th, out of the box (из коробки), out of the bag (из сумки);
bag (в сумку); in f r o n t o f [in frAnt] — перед, напротив — in front of
a t [at] — в, за, на, у — at 5 o’clock (в 5 часов), at th the house (напротив дома), in front of the school (перед
table (за столом), at the meeting (на собрании), at th
школой);
lesson (на уроке), at the window (у окна); before [bifo:] — до (перед) — before the lesson (перед
by [bai] — за, на, к — by the hand (за руку), by the ea~ уроком), before the summer (до лета);
(за ухо), to go by car (ехать на машине), to go by bu till (until) [til] — do — till September (до сентября), till
(ехать на автобусе), by 9 o’clock (к 9 часам), by th the end. of the year (до конца года);
morning (к утру); / under [’Anda] — под — under the chair (под стулом),
behind [bi'hamd] — за — behind the school (за шко1 under the bed (под кроватью);
лой), behind the tree (за деревом); / between [bit’wi:n] — между — between two chairs (меж
a fter f'afta] — за, после — to go after the teacher (пойти ду двумя стульями), between the doors (между дверьми);
за учителем), after the lesson (после ypoifa), after the’ tow ards [’touads] — no направлению к — towards the
summer (после лета);
forest (по направлению к лесу), towards the house (no
f o r [fo:] — за, на, в тегение, для — to pay for work, направлению к дому);
(заплатить за работу), for breakfast (на завтрак), for .• during fdjuarip] — во время — during the lecture (во
dinner (на ужин), for two weeks (на две недели), for an время лекции), during the break (во время перерыва).
hour (в течении часа), for me (для меня);
near [nia] — около, рядом с — near the window (около В. В английском языке с названиями общественных
окна), near the school (рядом со школой); мест чаще всего употребляется предлог at: at the theatre,
a b out [a'baut] — около, no, о, об — about 5 o’clock at the restaurant, at the cinema, at the museum, at the
(около 5 часов), about 10 dollars (около 10 долларов), swimming-pool, at the library, at the shop, at the institute,
about the house (по дому), about the city (по городу), at the port, at the railway station, at the concert, at the
about Kate (о Кате);
stadium, at the factory, at work, at school, at the bar.
along [a’lop] — no, вдоль — along the corridor (no С названиями городов всегда употребляется предлог
коридору), along the street (вдоль по улице); in: in Brest, in Berlin, in Amsterdam, in Riga, in Warsaw, in
am ong [а'тлп] — среди — among the students (среди Kiev, in Moscow, in New York.
студентов), among them (среди них); С направлением всегда используется предлог to, не
with [wi5] — среди, с —with the students (среди студентов, зависимо от того, какой предлог стоит в русском языке:
со студентами), with me (со мной), with Anna (с Анной); to the theatre, to the restaurant, to the cinema, to the
fr o m ... till [’from til] — с (от) ... до — from early museum, to the swimming-pool, to the library, to the shop, to
morning till late at night (с раннего утра до поздней the institute, to the port, to the railway station, to the concert,
ночи), from the beginning till the end (с начала до конца); to the stadium, to the factory, to work, to school, to the bar.
96 Урок № 12 Предлоги 97
П р и м е р Ns 1:
П р и м е р №1 :
They go to the restaurant. — Они идут в ресторан. Come to т е . — Иди ко мне.
They are a t the restaurant. — Они в ресторане. Go to the shop. — Иди в магазин.
П p и м e p № 2: Пример № 2:
They go to Washington. — Они ездят в Вашингтон. She came up to me. — Она подошла ко мне.
They are in Washington. — Они в Вашингтоне. She went up to the shop. — Она подошла к магазину.
I want to tell you that he is a good boy. — Я хочу сказать тебе;' У праж нение 12.8
он хороший мальчик.
Tell me about your city. — Расскажи мне о твоем го-роде. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
/ Примечание.
Проанализируйте употребление союзов в следующих предло
жениях:
My friend likes to drink neither tea nor coffee. — Мой друг не
любит пить ни чай, ни кофе.
My friend doesn’t like to drink either tea or coffee. - Мой друг
не любит пить ни чай, ни кофе.
Сравните:
Tom likes to drink coffee, doesn’t he? — Том любигг пить кофе,
Д»? (не так ли?)
Tom doesn't like to drink coffee, does he? — Том не любит пить
1. Вопросительные предложения кофе, да? (не так ли?)
В английском языке есть несколько типов вопроси-' She is a doctor, isn’t she? — Она доктор, да? (не так ли?)
тельных предложений: общие, специальные, альтерна She is not a doctor, is she? — Она не доктор, да? (не так ли?)
тивные, разделительные, вопросы к подлежащему и
косвенные. Обратите внимание на следующее исключение:
I am a good student, aren’t I? — Я хороший студент,
1) Общие вопросы — это вопросы ко всему предло да? (не так ли?)
жению. На них можно ответить «да» или «нет».
Do you like to drink tea? — Вы любите пить чай? 5) Вопрос к подлежащему.
Are you a student? — Вы студент?
Do you have a car? — У вас есть машина? Who wants to drink tea? — Кто хочет пить чай? /
Who wants to go to Paris? — Кто хочет поехат^ в
2) Специальные вопросы строятся на основе струк Париж?
туры общего вопроса с вопросительным словом.
6) Косвенные вопросы образуются с помощью вы
When do you come home? — Когда вы приходите
домой? ражения “I wonder”.
What do you read in the evening? — Что вы читаете Пример:
вечером? i- I wonder i f (w hether) he smokes. — Интересно, курит ли он. -
Where do you go every day? — Куда вы ходите каждый
день? Как видно из примера, место в предложении частицы
л и (w hether if) и ли в русском и английском языках не
3) Альтернативные вопросы подразумевают вы совпадает. Если дословно перевести это предложение,
бор между двумя людьми или предметами. то оно будет звучать следующим образом: Интересно,
л и он курит.
Do you want tea or coffee? — Вы хотите чай или кофе? После “I wonder” предложение следует в повествова
Does he want to go to the cinema or to the restaurant? —
Он хочет пойти в кино или в ресторан? тельной форме.
Are you a student or a pupil? —Ты студент или ученик? Пример:
I wonder i f (w hether) he likes apples. — Мне интересно, любит
4) Разделительные вопросы оканчиваются вопро ли он яблоки.
сом «не так ли?». Не wonders i f (w hether) she wanted to go there. — Ему интерес
но, хотела ли она пойти туда.
Если первая часть этих вопросов повествовательная, I wonder i f (w hether) he w ill buy a new car. — Мне интересно,
то вторая будет отрицательной и наоборот. купит ли он новую машину.
110 Урок № 14 Вопросительные предложения 111
10. Ask your friend when he will buy a new car. At that time the animal trainer, who was a young woman,
11. Ask your friend what time he went to bed yesterda came into the tent and saw the boy under the tiger. She
12. Ask your brother what nightclub he likes in St. P jumped on the tiger’s back, caught the chain and pulled the
tersburg. tiger’s head back. The animal looked at the trainer and left
13. Ask your mother when she will come home. the boy. Randy began to crawl back away from the tiger. He
14. Ask your friend what he prefers to drink — te wanted to get out of the tent. But the tiger caught the boy
regular coffee or cappuccino. by the head and pulled him back.
15. Ask your sister what she will do when she com Blood ran over the boy’s face and hands. Then the tiger
home. began to play with the boy like a cat plays with a mouse. He
caught him by the hand, then by the leg. Randy cried and
Упражнение 14.4 cried with pain.
1. Прогитайте текст. The trainer was a brave woman. She caught the chain
again and pulled the tiger’s head back. Then she put her left
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словар
выугите их. hand into the animal’s mouth and the tiger left the boy.
3. Прогитайте текст снова. Randy stood up and ran out of the tent. There was blood all
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуге over his head, hands and legs. Now the trainer had to pull
ную грамматику. her hand out of the animal’s mouth. She hit the tiger on the
head and quickly pulled her hand out of its mouth, but the
animal shut his teeth over her little finger. Blood ran over
RANDY AND THE TIGER her left hand but the trainer pulled the tiger with her right
After R. Dickson hand into the cage, and locked the door behind the animal.
People took her and Randy to the hospital where they
In summer a circus gave performances in the town park stayed for some time.
Randy was at one of the performances and liked it ver
much, but he sat very far and did not see the animals well. / Ц Д Тематический словарь
When the performance was over, Randy came out into th animal ['animal] — животное hit [hit] — ударить
park and met two big boys from his school. They decided tp back [Ьгск] — назад, спина jump [d3Amp] — прыгать
go to the tent where the cages of the animals were and look be over [bi:'ouva] — закон leg [leg] — нога
at the animals. ' f чится lock [bk] — замок, запирать
They went behind the tent and looked into it, but they blood [bUd] — кровь long [log] - длинный, долгий
did not see the animals well because it was already evening. cage [keid3] — клетка pain [pein] — боль
Then Randy decided to crawl under the tent and go up to chain [tjein] — цепь performance [po'formons] —
the cages. The boys did not know that the man who looked circus ['sa:kas] — цирк спектакль
after the animals did not lock the tiger’s cage. The animal crawl [kro:l] — ползти pull [pul] — потянуть
was tied to the cage with a chain. The chain was long and cry. [krai] — кричать, плакать tent [tent] — палатка, тент
decide [dfsaid] — решить tie [tai] — завязывать, привя
the tiger could come out of the cage and walk about near it.
far [fa:] — далеко зывать
Randy was in the tent when the tiger saw the boy and tiger ['taiga] - тигр
jumped at him. Randy fell to the floor and began to call for finger [vfiT)ga] — палец
floor [fb:] — пол trainer ['treina] — дрессиров-
help. The tiger stood over the boy and looked at him. hand [haend] — рука
Прилигательное 115
Урок % При прибавлении суффиксов -ег и -est соблюдаются
следующие правила правописания:
• прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на -у, которо
о Слова к уроку му предшествует согласная, меняют -у на -i, например:
dry — d rier — the driest;
бедный - poor [риэ] сезон - season [si.zn] • прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на -у, которому
веселый — merry [men] сложный - complicated,
предшествует гласная, конечную букву не меняют;
глубокий — deep [di:p] difficult
глупый — silly [sill] талантливый — talented
• прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на немое -е, при
грязный - dirty [*da:ti] [’taelontid] бавляют только -г и -st, например: brave — braver — the
длинный - long [lDT)] таять - melt [melt] bravest;
дорога - road [roudj теплый — warm [wo:m] • односложные прилагательные с кратким гласным
, задача - task [ta:sk] удобный - comfortable удваивают конечную согласную, например: hot — hotter
здание — building ['bildrr)] ['lovmfdtdbl] - the hottest; fat — fatter — the fattest.
идея - idea [ai'dia] ужас — horror [Ъэгэ]
короткий - short [Jo:t] умный — clever ['kleva]
настроение — mood [mu:d] уставать - get tired [’taiod] Упражнение 15.1
передумать — change one’s mind храбрый - brave [breiv]* Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени прила
полный, толстый — fat [fact] худой - skinny f'skini]
¿отельных.
светлый - light [lart] широкий — wide [’waid]
Long, clever, clean, light, brave, silly, poor, fat, deep,
1, Прилагательное wide, merry, hot.
А. В английском языке прилагательные делятся на
просты е и сложны е.
Простые прилагательные состоят из одного или двух Степени сравнения слож ны х прилагательных
слогов: clever, simple, hot. Сложные прилагательные со
стоят из трех и более слогов: interesting, beautiful. Положи
Сравнительная Превосходная
Прилагательные в английском языке имеют три сте тельная
пени сравнения: полож ительную , сравнительную interesting — m o re interesting — th e m ost interesting —
и превосходную . интересный более интересный самый интересный
Степени сравнения простых прилагательных m o re beautiful — th e m o st beautiful —
beautiful —
Положительная Сравнительная Превосходная красивый более красивый самый красивый
small — smaller — th e smallest —
маленький меньше самый маленький
hot — h o tter — th e hottest — Упражнение 15.2
горячий горячее самый горячий
happy — happier — th e happiest — Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени прила-
счастливый счастливее самый счастливый пельных.
dry — сухой drier — суше th e driest —
самый сухой
116 Урок № 15 Прилигательное 117
S Примечание.
В английском языке наречие badly и прилагательное bad ис
пользуется редко, если речь идет о людях. Вместо этих наречий
часто употребляются ел ода и словосочетания: unwell (плохо) или
not well enough (недостаточно хорошо) и по good (плохо) или
not good enough (недостаточно хорошо) - это является формой
вежливости.
Пример:
You w ork not well enough. — Вы работаете плохо.
I feel unwell. — Я плохо себя чувствую.
This is no good. — Это плохо.
Your English is not good enough. — Ваш английский плохой.
S Примечание.
Слово badly чаще всего используется в предложениях следую
щего типа и переводится как «очень»:
I need it badly. — Мне это очень нужно.
She wants to go to London badly. — Она очень хочет поехать в
ГТли ГТ/-.Тж
124 Урок № 16 Нарегие 125
Обратите внимание на следующие исключени ду намного лучше, чем в прошлом. 14. Его брат гово-
ит на японском лучше, чем на китайском. 15. Сегодня
hard (тяжелый) — hard (тяжело), но hardly (едва ли' он чувствует себя гораздо лучше. 16. Он встает позже,
late (поздний) — late (поздно), но lately (недавно); Чем его сестра. /
good (хороший) — well (хорошо); J //
fast (быстрый) — fast (быстро). 2. Третья группа предлогов для запоминания.
Запомните употребление' предлогов в следующих пред
Стелена сравнения наречий ложениях (для наглядности они приведены в прошед
шем времени).
Сравнительная и превосходная степени сравнения
наречий совп адаю т с соответствующими формами, They wrote it down. — Они записали это.
прилагательных. They spoke about it. — С'ни говорили об этом.
They succeeded in English. — Они преуспели в англий
П росты е: ском.
quickly — quicker — quickest They suffered from it. — Они страдали от этого.
well — better — best They belonged to me. — Они принадлежали мне.
badly — worse — worst They joined us. — Они присоединились к нам.
С лож ны е: They sent for me. — Они послали за мной.
beautifully — more beautifully — most beautifully They smiled at me. — Они улыбнулись мне.
correctly — more correctly — most correctly They thanked for it. — Они поблагодарили за это.
They thought o f (about) it. — Они думали об этом.
Обратите внимание на отсутствие определенного ар They thought it over. — Они обдумывали это.
тикля the в превосходной степени. They worked at (on) it. — Они работали над этим.
They wrote to him. — Они писали ему.
They wrote about it. — Они писали об этом.
Упражнение 16.1 They were sick o f it. — Им это надоело.
Переведите предложения на английский язык. They were fed up with these problems. — Они были
сыты по горло этими проблемами.
1. Он громко плакал. 2. Я люблю детективы больше,
чем фильмы ужасов. 3. Он читает хуже, чем в прошлом
году. 4. Она любит его меньше, чем свою собаку. S. Этот У п р аж н ен и е 16.2
город мне нравится меньше, чем тот. 6. Чем раньше вы Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения,
получите визу, тем быстрее вы поедете в США. 7. Он употребляя изугенные предложные согетания.
быстро убежал (run away). 8. Она читала медленно.
9. Она играет в футбол так же хорошо, как мой отец. 1. Он не делает успехов в бизнесе. Он хочет продать
10. Она говорит на фран-цузском так же хорошо, как на фирму. 2. Он поблагодарил их за помощь. 3. Эта машина
английском. 11. Он знает Лондон так же хорошо, как принадлежит мне. 4. Я хочу обдумать ваше предложение.
его мама. 12. В этом году ваша дочь так же хорошо 5. Мне все надоело сейчас. 6. Если она освободится в
учится, как и в прошлом году? 13. Он учился в этом пять, она присоединится к нам. 7. Мы поговорим об
126 Урок № 1 6 Hapezue 127
этом. 8. Этот дом не будет принадлежать тебе. 9. Она — I’ll have some beer, please. And what you will drink?
любит писать много писем своему мужу. 10. Он забыл — I’d rather have some wine. What wine do you have?
записать ее адрес. 11. Благодарю вас за вкусный ужин — We have very good French wine. I recommend it. It is
12. Он даже не улыбнулся мне. 13. Моя бабушка стра-' a 1975. It is very good.
дала от бессонных ночей. 14. Они не хотят думать об — OK. We’ll take it.
- этой поездке. 15. Он всегда ждет свою жену. 16. Она — What will you have for dessert?
написала ему о проблемах с сыном. 17. Вечером он. — We will order it later.
всегда работает над своей книгой. 18. Он послал сына в — Enjoy your meal.
магазин за мороженым. 19. Мы послали его за моло — Thank you.
ком. 2 0 . Она сыта по горло твоими обеГцаниями/21. Ей
нравится, когда ее ребенок улыбается/ей. (Разговор посетителей между собой.)
— Do you like your steak?
Упражнение 16.3 I — Yes, I do. It is tender. And do you like your lamb?
Прогитайте диалог. — It’s alright. Would you like to order your dessert now?
I — Would be nice. I’ll have this ice cream. And you?
Ресторан { — Maybe some fruit salad. Waiter! Could we have this ice
cream and a fruit salad, please? And the bill, please.
(Разговор официанта с посетителями.)
— Good evening. Can I help you? — Of course.
— Yes. can I see the menu, please?
— Here it is. (Разговор официанта с посетителями.)
— Thanks. — Неге is your salad and ice cream.
— And the bill, please.
(Разговор посетителей между собой.) — Oh, here it is.
— What will you have? — Thanks.
— Oh, I don’t know. Can you recommend anything (что- — We hope to see you at our restaurant again.
нибудь)? — Bye.
— I think you should try this steak and some rice with it. — Bye.
For starters try this melon salad. Do you like it?
— It is alright. And what will you eat?
— I’ll have some soup and for the main course I’ll have
this lamb with fried potatoes.
The people went to the Mayor. They came to the Mayor /Т \ Тематический словарь
and said, «Take the rats away or you will not be our Mayor.»
At that minute a man came into the room. away [a'w ei] — прочь m ountains ['mauntinz] —
His dress was yellow and red and in his hand he had a each o th e r [i:tj лбэ] — горы
pipe. другдруга nest [nest] — гнездо
«1 am a piper,» he said, «and when I play my pipe, all everything [’evriGm] — все noise [n o iz] — шум
animals follow me. I shall take all the rats away from your everyw here [cv n w eo ] — pip e [paip] — труба,
town for a bag of gold.» везде трубка
«Oh! My good man! Help us, please. Take the rats away, follow [’folou] - следовать p ip e r [’paips] — трубач
and I shall give you a very big bag of gold,» said the Mayon gold [gould] — ЗОЛОТО r a t [rat] — крыса
The Piper went out into the street and began to play. His m ayor [ т е з ] — мэр
music was beautiful. He started to play a lovely melody. The
people of Hamelin heard a noise. This noise came from the
feet of many, many rats in all the houses of the town. The
Piper played and played. The rats started to run out of the
houses. They started to run out of the doors and jump out
of the windows. There were black grey rats, big rats, little
rats, young rats and old grandfather rats. The Piper decided
to walk along the streets and the rats followed him. He came
to the Weser river, and the rats jumped into the river.
There were no more rats in the town. The people of
Hamelin were happy. They wanted to dance and sing songs
in the streets.
The Mayor heard the songs and laughed, he was happy
too.
Then the door of his room opened, and the Piper came in.
«Please, give me my big bag of gold,» he said.
The Mayor was not happy now.
«What!» he cried, «you played some music in the streets,
and now you want a big bag of gold for it? My man, I shall
give you some money, and you go away from my town.»
«1 want my bag of gold,» said the Piper.
«Your bag of gold? Go away from here, or ...»
The Piper went out into the street. He began to play his
pipe again. His music was beautiful. He played for a few
minutes, and the people of Hamelin heard a noise again.
This time it was the noise of children’s feet. The children
followed the Piper. They went to the gates of the town and
went away to the mountains.
Оборот there is/are 137
Урок N° 1
Образование отрицания
Will there be a lot of houses in our street? — На нашей назад было только пять ресторанов, но сейчас в нашем
улице будет много домов? городе уже десять ресторанов и три бара. 12. В моей
There will not be a lot of houses in our street. — Ha голове много мыслей.
нашей улице не будет много домов.
2. Четвертая группа предлогов для запомина bad at). 7. Эти журналы очень популярны среди студен
ния. Запомните употребление предлогов в следующих тов. 8. Я устал от этой громкой музыки. 9. Он не удов
предложениях (для наглядности они приведены в про-* летворен твоими оценками. 10. Я не уверен в этом.
шедшем времени). 11. Она отсутствовала на работе целую неделю. 12. Она
любит путешествовать. 13. Моя мама не очень раз
They were good at biology. — Они хорошо разбира бирается в математике (to be good at). 14. Мама была
лись в биологии. вчера на меня очень сердита. Я не позвонил ей. 15. Он
They were bad at swimming. — Они плохо плавали. не привыкнет к этому городу. 16. Мороз (the freezing
They covered the table with a cloth. — Они накрыли cold) покрыл реку льдом. 17. Он стыдился своей старой
стол скатертью. машины. 18. Она была известна своим хорошим голо
They were angry with (at) me. — Они сердились на меня. сом. 19. Мы были удивлены твоим ответом. 20. Собаки
They were cruel to him. — Они были жестоки к нему. очень жестоки к кошкам.
They were famous for it. — Они были знамениты этим.
They were fond o f it. — Они любили это.
They were known for it. — Они были известны этим. Упражнение 18.5
They were popular with students. — Они были попу Задайте следующие вопросы.
лярны среди студентов.
They were absent at the lesson. — Они отсутствовали 1. Ask your brother what time he came home yesterday.
на уроке. 2. Ask your friends where they will go tomorrow.
They were (got) accustomed [a'kAstsmd] to it. — Они 3. Ask your friend when he called you yesterday.
привыкли к этому. 4. Ask your brother what books he likes to read.
They were (got) used to it. — Они привыкли к этому. 5. Ask your mother where she will go next summer.
They were ashamed o f him. — Они стыдились его. 6. Ask your father where he went last year.
They were satisfied [’sstisfaid] with it. — Они были 7. Ask your sister who came to see her in the evening.
удовлетворены этим. 8. Ask your friend what she had for breakfast.
They were sure o f (about) it. — Они были уверены в 9. Ask your mother how often she meets her friends.
этом. 10. Ask your friend where he will go in the evening.
They were surprised at (with) it. — Они были удивле 11. Ask your sister why she didn’t come at six.
ны этим. 12. Ask your daughter whose book it is.
They were tired o f it. — Они устали от этого. 13. Ask your friend what kind of films she likes to watch.
14. Ask your grandmother what she wants to buy at the shop.
15. Ask your sister why she didn’t call you.
Упражнение 18.4
Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения, Упражнение 18. 6
употребляя изугенные предложные согетания.
Т е м а : Времена года.
1. Она была удовлетворена их работой. 2. Она сты
дилась своего платья. 3. Бабушка накрыла стол новой На каждый из приведенных ниже пунктов составьте
скатертью. 4. Она любит готовить пиццу. 5. Она была (устно или письменно) по два-три простых предложе
знаменита своей красотой. 6. Она плохо готовит (1о Ье ния; расскажите полученную тему:
Оборот there is/a re 143
142 Урок № 1 8
адрес — address [s'dres] мыло - soap [soup] В английском языке такие местоимения как some,
варенье - jam [d3tcm] пакет — packet ['paekit] any употребляются чаще, чем в русском.
громкий — loud ['laud] пахнуть - smell [smel] Пример:
день рождения - birthday перечитать - reread [’n'riid] I don’t have any friends in Warsaw. — У меня нет друзей в Варшаве.
['bo:0dei] получать удовольствие —enjo There are some interesting stories in this book. — В этой книге
занавеска - curtain [ka:tn] [m’d3Di] есть интересные истории.
иностранный — foreign [’farm] район - district [’distrikt]
майка — T-shirt ['ti:Ja:t] смешной — funny [Тлш] Упражнение 19.1
мусор — rubbish ['глЫ|] чернила — in k [117k] Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. Дай мне немного сока. 2. Хочешь немного молока?
Неопределенные местоимения (some, any, no — Нет. я не хочу (никакого) молока. 3. На улице вообще
и их производные, производные от неопреде есть снег? 4. На столе есть какие-нибудь газеты? — Нет,
ленного местоимения every. на столе нет никаких газет. 5. На столе какая-то зеленая
ручка. 6. У нас вообще нет сыра. 7. Она попросила не
А. Проанализируйте употребление неопределенны много денег. 8. У тебя есть какие-нибудь друзья в США?
местоимений some, any в следующих предложениях. — Нет, у меня нет никаких друзей там. 9. По телевизору
Some есть какой-нибудь интересный фильм? 10. Я не видел
никаких книг на столе. 11. Он принесет тебе какой-
В повествовательных предложениях — немного, ка нибудь бутерброд, если ты будешь голоден. 12. Я хотел
кой-нибудь, какой-то, некоторый.
бы почитать. Дай мне любую газету, пожалуйста.
I have som e milk. — У меня есть немного молока.
I have som e friends in London. — У меня есть кое-
какие друзья в Лондоне. Упражнение 19.2
В отрицательных предложениях — не употребля Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
ется.
1. На нашей улице есть какие-то новые здания.
В вопросительных предложениях — не употребля 2. В лесу зимой нет цветов. 3. Хочешь немного кофе?
ется, за исключением в значении «немного». 4. Она принесла какой-то пакет. 5. Он съел какой-то пи
Do you want some milk? — Хочешь немного молока? рожок. 6. Дай мне любую ручку. 7. Моя мама купит ка
Any кой-нибудь торт, и мы пойдем к твоему брату на день
В повествовательных предложениях — любой. рождения. 8. Он дал тебе какую-нибудь книгу почитать?
Give me any pen. — Дай мне любую ручку. 9. В стакане немного сока. 10. Он хочет задать тебе кое-
В отрицательных предложениях — никакой. какие вопросы. У тебя есть немного времени? 11. В моей
I do not have any pen. — У меня нет никакой ручки. сумке нет никаких конфет. 12. В коробке какое-то мыло.
146 Урок № 19 Неопределенные местоимения some, any, по 147
13. Он рассказал мне какую-то историю. 14. Она пред В отрицательных предложениях — никто, никого.
ставила меня какой-то молодой девушке. 15. Под дива-: I do not know anyone in London. — Я никого не знаю
ном какая-то собака. в Лондоне.
В вопросительных предложениях — кто-нибудь, кто-
В. П роизводны е от som e и any. то, кого-нибудь, кем-нибудь.
Do you know anyone in London? - Ты знаешь кого-
Something нибудь в Лондоне?
В повествовательных предложениях - что-нибудь, Somewhere
что-то, чем-нибудь.
В повествовательных предложениях — где-то, ку
I have som ething for you. — У меня для тебя что-то
есть. да-то.
Не is som ew here in London. — Он где-то в Лондоне.
В отрицательных предложениях — не употребля В отрицательных предложениях — не употребляется.
ется.
В вопросительных предложениях — не употребля
В вопросительных предложениях — не употребля
ется. ется.
Anywhere
Anything
В повествовательных предложениях — где угодно.
В повествовательных — что угодно. Не goes anyw here he wants. — Он ездит куда он
I will give you a nything you want. - Я дам тебе все, только захочет.
что захочешь. В отрицательных предложениях — нигде.
В отрицательных — ничего, ничто. I did not see him anywhere. — Я нигде его не видел.
I do not have anything. — У меня ничего нет. В вопросительных предложениях — где-то, где-ни
В вопросительных — что-нибудь, что-то. будь, куда-то.
Do you have anything? - У вас есть что-нибудь? Did you see him anyw here? — Вы его где-нибудь
Somebody (som eone) видели?
В повествовательных предложениях — кто-нибудь,
кто-то, кого-нибудь, кем-нибудь. В условных придаточных предложениях после союза
I wanted to talk to somebody. — Я хотел поговорить с if употребляются неопределенные местоимения anybody,
кем-нибудь. anyone, anything, например: If anybody rings me up, tell
В отрицательных предложениях — не употребля them I’ll be at home at six. - Если кто-нибудь позвонит
ется. мне, скажи им, что я буду дома в шесть.
В вопросительных предложениях - не употребля
ется. Такие местоимения как anybody, anyone, anything,
Anybody (anyone) som ething, som ebody (som eone) относятся к третьему
лицу единственного числа и в настоящем простом вре
В повествовательных предложениях - кто угодно. мени требуют употребления в глаголах суффикса -s.
Invite anybody to your birthday party. - Приглашай
кого угодно на свой день рождения. П р и м е р : Somebody wants to say something.
148 Урок № 1 9 Неопределенные местоимения some, any, по 149
С. Производные от неопределенного местоиме Do you want to say som ething to me? — Ты хочешь
ния every. мне что-то сказать (что-то конкретное, возможно, мы
знаем, о чем идет речь)?
Everything — все (вещи, предметы).
Do you want to say an ything to me? — Ты хочешь
I like everything in this city. - Мне все нравится в мне что-то сказать (что-то вообще, мы не знаем, о
этом городе. чем идет речь)?
Everybody (everyone) — все (люди).
Everyone was happy. — Все были счастливы.
Everywhere — везде, повсюду.
The music was everyw here. — Музыка была повсюду. D. Производные от неопределенных местоиме
ний по: nobody (по one) (никто), nothing (ничего,
Эти местоимения (everything, everybody (everyone), ничто), now here (нигде)
everywhere) употребляются, не изменяя своей формы, Местоимения anybody, anyone, anyth in g не употреб
во всех типах предложений (повествовательных, отри ляются в функции подлежащего в отрицательных пред
цательных и вопросительных). ложениях. В таких случаях употребляются nobody (по
one), никто, nothing (ничто).
Упражнение 19.3
П р и м е р : Nobody will соте, вместо Anybody will not come. —
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. Никто не придет.
ром свою ручку. Я не знаю, где она. 16. Я готов ехать; Then came a bad year. Day after day the rain poured
Париж с кем угодно, но только не с Катей. i down. Their small crop was spoiled, the chickens died. So
they had no money to pay the landlord.
Упражнение 19.7 «What can we do, Molly?» said the farmer sadly to his
Ответьте на вопросы. wife.
«You must take the cow to the market, Mick, and sell
1. Will you be very upset if you lose your keys? her,» said Molly.
2. What newspapers do you read? «1 believe you are right, Molly. I’ll go tomorrow.»
3. Do you have any cheese at home? Early next morning he took his stick in his hand, and
4. What kind of books do you enjoy reading? drove his cow slowly along the road. It was a fine day and
5. Are there any books you want to reread? the sun shone brightly on the fields. After six long miles the
6. Is it warm or cold outside? farmer came to the top of the hill, which is called Bottle Hill
7. Is it difficult for you to read in English? now. He met a man there.
8. Do you know anybody who lives in London? «Good morning,» he said. •
9. Do you sometimes borrow books from a library? «Good morning,» said the farmer and looked at the
10. What do you call a person who works in a library? stranger who was a very little man. His face was yellow and
11. Have you got a lot of books at home? his nose was as sharp as a bird’s beak.
12. Does you mother have any friends in London? Mick did not like the look of the little man. He drove his
cow faster along the road, but the little man followed him
Упражнение 19.8 like a shadow, without noise. Then he heard the little man’s
1. Прогитайте текст. voice:
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь• «Where will you go with the cow, my honest man?»
выугите их. «To the market,» said Mick.
3. Прогитайте текст снова. ' «Do you want to sell her?» asked the stranger.
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген «Of course I want to sell her,» said Mick.
ную грамматику. «Will you sell her to me?»
Mick was afraid to deal with the little man, but he was
more afraid to say no.
THE STORY OF BOTTLE HILL
«What will you give for her?» he asked.
An Irish legend «I’ll give you this bottle,» said the little man and pulled
Part I a bottle from under his coat.
The farmer looked first at him and then at the bottle, and
Once there lived a farmer whose name was Mick. He
worked very hard, but was very poor. His wife did what she in spite of his fear he began to laugh.
«Laugh if you wish,» cried the little man angrily. «1 tell
could in order to help him, as their children were too young
to work in the fields. The poor woman looked after the you this bottle is better for you than all the money you will
house, milked the cow, boiled the potatoes, and carried eggs get for your cow at the market.»
to the market. At the end of the Summer they had hardly Mick laughed again. «Do you think I am so silly as to give
enough money to pay the landlord. my good cow for an empty bottle? What will Molly say?»
Неопределенные местоимения some , any ; no
154 Урок № 1 9
/ Т Г \ Тематический словарь
2. П ятая груп па предлогов для запоминания. За 7. Моя мама была очень расстроена этим. 8. Мой брат
помните употребление пятой группы предлогов в следу попросил выключить телевизор. 9. Мы прибыли на вок
ющих предложеняих (для наглядности они приведены в зал в семь. 10. Он не хотел откладывать встречу с ней.
прошедшем времени). 11. Моя сестра завтра будет звонить в Германию.
12. Мой друг прибыл в Москву вчера. 13. Она зашла за
They called at the shop. — Они зашли в магазин. ]] спичками. 14. Он позвал меня, и я обернулся. 15. У них
They called on me. — Они зашли ко мне. закончился кофе. 16. Она зашла ко мне рано утром.
They called_England. — Они позвонили в Англию. 17. Она не хотела провожать меня в аэропорту. 18. Я
They washed themselves with cold water. — Они умыва улыбнулся ей, а она отвернулась. 19. Мы зашли в мзга-
лись холодной водой. зин. Я хотел купить бутылку вина. 20. Она надела новое
They saw him off. — Они проводили его. платье. 21. Мы зайдем за тобой вечером. 2 2 . Мой сын
They ran out o f sugar. — У них закончился сахар. всегда умывается холодной водой.
They looked out o f the window. - Они выглянули в
окно.
They were upset about it. — Они были расстрое Упражнение 20.3
этим.
They were happy about it. — Они были счастливы 1. Прогитайтг текст.
из-за этого. 2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь,
They turned away. — Они отвернулись. выугите их.
They turned round. — Они обернулись. 3. Прогитайтг текст снова.
They arrived in the city. — Они прибыли в город. 4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
They arrived at the airport. — Они прибыли в аэро ную грамматику.
порт.
They put off the meeting. — Они отложили встречу.
They put on the socks. — Они надели носки. THE STORY OF BOTTLE HILL
They took the socks off. — Они сняли носки.
They switched the radio off. — Они выключили радио. An Irish legend
They switched the radio on. — Они включили радио. Part II
It was very difficult for Mick to part with his cow but at
Упражнение 20.2 last he took the bottle.
Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения, «Take the cow,» he said, «And I hope it is not a lie —»
употребляя изугенные предложные согетания. «You will find I spoke the truth, if you do what I tell you.
When you come home, ask your wife to put a clean tablecloth
1. Она включила свет в комнате. 2. У нас вчера за on the table. Then put the bottle on the floor and say these
кончились яйца, и мама пошла в магазин. 3. Она всегда words: «Bottle, do your duty.»
выглядывает из окна. 4. Он снял рубашку и надел май «Is that all?» asked Mick.
ку. 5. У нас закончатся деньги, если ты будешь так мно «Yes,» said the stranger. «Say that and you will be rich.
го тратить. 6. Мы зайдем к твоей сестре после семи. Good-bye.»
162 Урок № 20 Числительное 163
So Mick went home and feared what his wife would say Тематический словарь
to him.
W hen he reached home. Molly said to him:
«You came back very quickly. W hat happened? Did you all [*э:1] — все lie [lai] — ложь
sell the cow? How much money did you get for her?» carry [’kaeri] — нести, уносить must [mASt] — должен
«If you give me time, I’ll tell you all about it,» he said and climb [klaim] — выбираться. put away [put a'wei] — убирать
put the bottle on the table. «1 sold the cow, and this is all I карабкаться rich [ritj] — богатый
got for her.» cover [’IcavoJ — накрывать, по rise [raiz] — подниматься
His poor wife looked at him in surprise. крывать silver ['silvo] — серебро
«1 never thought you were so silly,» she said. «How can duty [’dju:ti] — обязанность surprise [sa'praiz] — удивле
we pay the landlord with this bottle?» empty I’empti] — пустой ние, удивлять
«Now listen, Molly, and I’ll tell you the whole story.» fairy [Теэп] — волшебница, tablecloth ['tciblklaO] —
Then he told her of his meeting with the strange little фея скатерть
man, and how he could sell the cow for an empty bottle. fear [fia] — страх, бояться though [бои] — хотя
When he finished his story, Molly stood up. She did not gold [gould] — золотой truth [tru:6 ] — правда
say a word and put a clean tablecloth on the table. Mick put hungry [Ълпдп] — голодный word [ws:d] — слово
the bottle on the floor and cried, «Bottle, do your duty!»
In a moment two tiny fairies rose from the bottle and
climbed up on the table. They covered the table with dishes
and plates, made of gold and silver, full of the richest food.
When all was ready, the fairies went back into the bottle
again.
The farmer and his wife looked at each other. The dishes
were wonderful and rich.
«Well, Molly,» said the farmer, «the little man spoke the
truth.»
«Oh, what beautiful plates!» cried Molly, with a happy
laugh, «Come and sit down at the table. You must be
hungry after such a good day’s work.»
Molly, Mick and their children sat down at the table and
had a very good dinner, though they could not eat half the
food that the fairies brought.
«Now,» said Molly after they finished, «do you think the
fairies will carry these dishes and plates away?»
They waited but nobody came; so Molly put away the
dishes and plates very carefully.
Обознагение времени по гасам 165
Урок № 21
Упражнение 21.1
Ten minutes past three
(десять минут после трех) — Назовите следующее время.
десять минут четвертого.
Пример:
6.45 — a q u a rte r to seven или six f o r t y f iv e a.m.
17.10 — ten minutes past f iv e или f iv e ten p.m .
7.45. 8.32. 20.36. 13.50, 18.52. 19.11, 16.30, 17.45,
13.15
2. Шестая группа предлогов для запоминания.
Ten minutes to three Half past four Запомните употребление предлогов в следующих пред
(десять минут до трех) - (половина после четырех) — ложениях (для наглядности они приведены в прошед
без десяти три. половина пятого. шем времени).
166 Урок № 21 Обознагение времени по гасам 167
They looked up this word in the dictionary. - Они по Упражнение 21.3
смотрели это слово в словаре.
They were short o f ten dollars. — У них не хватало Т е м а : Путешествия.
десяти долларов. На каждый из приведенных ниже пунктов составьте
They boasted f'boustid] o f it. — Они хвастались этим. (устно или письменно) по два-три простых предложе
They filled in (out) the form. — Они заполнили бланк. ния; расскажите полученную тему:
They drove up to the store. — Они подъехали к магазину. • любите ли вы путешествовать;
They dropped me off at the corner. — Они высадили • куда вы обычно ездите и с кем;
меня на углу. • вы любите отдыхать за границей или в нашей стране;
They set off at 6. — Они отправились в 6. • опишите ваше последнее путешествие (когда, куда,
They did without cigarettes. — Они обошлись без си как долго, что запомнилось).
гарет.
They gave in to him. — Они уступили ему.
They gave up smoking. — Они бросили курить.
They got off the bus. — Они сошли с автобуса. /_ Л Тематический словарь
They got on the bus. — Они сели в автобус.
They congratulated [kon'gratjuleitid] us on (upon) it. — advantage [od’va:ntid3] — in advance [in od’varns] —
Они поздравили нас с этим. преимущество заблаговременно
boat [bout] — лодка inquiry office [in’kwaion ’ofis]
booking office - билетная — справочное бюро
касса [Ъикп) ’ofis] journey [’d3a:ni] - поездка
Упражнение 21.2 by air [bai 'ез] — по воздуху left-luggage office ['left Ugid3
Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения. by road [bai roud] — назем 'ofis] — камера хранения
ным транспортом luggage [’Ugid3] — багаж
употребляя изугенные предложные согетания.
by sea [bai si:] — морем on business [on biznis] — no
1. Я посмотрю это слово в словаре. 2. Автобус подъе call a taxi [ko:l o 'taeksi] - делу
хал к дому и остановился. 3. Она заполнила бланк и вы звать такси plane [plein] — самолет
подписала его. 4. Она уступила ему. Она не хотела гово car [ka:] — машина railway station [ reilwei
рить об этом снова. 5. Она хочет бросить курить. 6. Он carriage ['kasrids] — вагон ’steijon] — железнодорож
всегда хвастался своими знаниями английского. 7. Мой dining [*dairur)] carriage — ный вокзал
друг попросил высадить его у магазина. 8. Автобус оста вагон-ресторан return ticket [ri'to:n ’tikit] —
новился, и она вошла. 9. Моя мама хотела купить кури electric train [flektruk troin] — билет в обе стороны
цу, но она обнаружила, что у нее не хватает денег. электричка safety [’seifti] — безопас
10. Мы сойдем на следующей остановке. 11. Она по fasten the seats belts ['fa:sn do ность
здравила меня с днем рождения. 12. Машина подъеха si :t belts] — пристегнуть sail [seil] — отплывать
ла к рынку и остановилась. 13. Она не обошлась без ремни see off [si: of] — провожать
молока, потому что она хотела испечь пирог. 14. Он flight [flait] - рейс, полет ship [Jip] — корабль
бросил эту работу год назад. 15. Они отправились for pleasure [fо ’р1сзо] — ради single ticket [’sirjgl ’tikit] —
рано утром. удовольствия билет в одну сторону
168 Урок № 21
Рассмотрим каждый из модальных глаголов в Эквивалент модального глагола сап —to be able [eibl]
отдельности. to — быть в состоянии.
I was able to do it. — Я был в состоянии сделать это. встретить нас в аэропорту. 9. Он сам может приготовить
(Я смог сделать это.) ужин. 10. Мы можем пойти в кино прямо сейчас. 11. Он
I will be able to do it. — Я буду в состоянии сделать сам может помыть посуду. 12. Не могли бы вы мне ска
это. (Я смогу сделать это.) зать где рынок? 13. Они не могли найти дорогу из горо
да. 14. Он может обмануть (deceive) вас. 15. Мы смо
жем построить дом за один год. 16. Мы могли сделать
Проанализируйте образование вопросительного и отрица
тельного предложений. эту работу вчера.
They are able to help you. — Они в состоянии помочь В. May — мочь.
тебе.
A re they able to help you? — Они в состоянии помочь Этот модальный глагол употребляется для обозначе
тебе? ния разрешения, также он может выражать предполо
They are not able to help you. — Они не в состоянии жение.
помочь тебе. Не may go home. — Он может идти домой. (Ему разрешается.)
Не m ay be at home now. — Он может быть сейчас дома.
Упражнение 22.2
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя to be able to.
Проанализируйте образование вопросительных и отрица
1. Она сможет одолжить тебе деньги только через тельных предложений.
неделю. 2. У нее не получилось встретить нас на вокза
ле. 3. Он не сможет сделать этот салат сам. 4. Он сможет You m a y take this book. — Ты можешь взять эту книгу.
придти только после семи. 5. Он не сможет выучить так (Тебе можно взять эту книгу.)
M ay I take this book? — Можно мне взять эту книгу?
много слов за два дня. 6. Ты сможешь написать это
You m ay not take this book. — Тебе нельзя брать эту
письмо на японском языке? 7. Нам не удалось добрать
ся из Москвы до Берлина на машине за 8 часов. 8. Она книгу. (Ты не можешь брать эту книгу.)
думает, что сможет найти дорогу сама. У Примечание.
В современном английском языке для выражения разрешения
Упражнение 22.3 более употребителен глагол can. May носит несколько официаль
ный характер.
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол
can (could) или его эквивалент. Might [mait] — прошедшее время, он используется в
1. Никто не может сказать мне, почему она не при косвенной речи после глагола, выступающего в прошед
шла. 2. Вы видите тот дом на углу? 3. Мой английский шем времени.
не очень хороший, но мне удалось понять его. 4. Я не Пример:
думаю, что он сможет поднять эту коробку. 5. Кто мо Не said that I m ight go there. — Он сказал, что мне можно пойти
жет разбить это стекло? — Я не думаю, что кто-нибудь туда.
сможет разбить это стекло, оно очень толстое. 6. Она не
может понять, что ты имеешь в виду. 7. Думаете, я Также m ight образует сослагательное наклонение,
смогу сам написать письмо на китайском? 8. Он может т. е. передает большую неуверенность, чем may.
174 Урок № 22 Модальные глаголы 175
него мало времени. 13. Можно мне взять твою книгу? Эквивалент модального глагола m ust — have to (при
14. Могу я попросить вас помочь мне? 15. Они могут ходится).
подумать, что его там нет. 16. Он может спросить нас об
этом. 17. Все может случиться. 18. Она может прийти Проанализируйте употребление эквивалента модального
после шести. 19. Кому разрешат разрезать торт? —3 глагола m ust в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем времени:
Я думаю, мне разрешат его разрезать.
Не has to do this work. — Ему приходится делать эту
работу.
С. Must — должен. Не will have to do this work. — Ему придется делать
Модальный глагол m ust [imst] может выражать не эту работу.
обходимость что-либо сделать, т.е. приказ, использует Не h ad to do this work. — Ему пришлось делать эту
ся в законах, предписаниях; также он выражает предпо работу.
ложение.
Проанализируйте образование вопросительного и отрица
Примеры:
тельного предложения:
People must not cross the border w ithout passports. — Люди не
должны пересекать границу без паспортов. Не has to get up early every morning. — Ему приходит
You m ust do it right now. — Вы должны сделать это прямо ся вставать рано каждое утро.
сейчас. Does he have to get up early every morning? — Ему
Не must be at home now. — Он, должно быть, сейчас дома. приходится вставать рано каждое утро?
Не does n o t h a ve to get up early every morning. — Ему
Проанализируйте образование вопросительных и отрица не приходится вставать рано каждое утро.
тельных предложений:
Не m ust go. — Он должен идти.
У Примечание.
В американском варианте английского языка модальный гла
M ust he go? — Он должен идти? гол m ust редко используется в разговорной речи, вместо него
Не m ust not go. — Не m u stn 't go. - Он не должен необходимо использовать эквивалент have to.
идти.
Пр и м е р :
Вы должны сделать это сегодня. — You have to do it today
Упражнение 22.7 вместо You must do it today.
Переведите, используя модальный глагол must.
Ключи к упражнениям даны с использованием бри
1. Вы должны выучить эти слова. 2. Должно быть, танского варианта английского языка.
трудно говорить на японском. 3. Все должны ходить в
школу. 4. Не звони ему, он, должно быть, занят. 5. Я Упражнение 22.8
должен пойти к нему. 6. Она должна сделать это сегод
ня. 7. Мы должны быть на вокзале в семь часов. 8. Вы Переведите на английский язык, употребляя have to.
не должны опаздывать. 9. Кто должен это делать? 1. Вам придется остаться на работе до шести? 2. Тебе
10. Должны ли мы ходить на работу каждый день? придется поговорить с ней об этой проблеме снова.
11. Ты не должен делать это, если не хочешь. 3. Мы забыли купить молоко и нам пришлось пойти в
178 Урок № 22 Модальные глаголы 179
магазин. 4. Мне пришлось рано встать вчера. 5. Почему Is the train to arrive at six? — Поезд должен прибыть
тебе пришлось идти туда? 6. Надеюсь, нам не придется в шесть?
говорить об этом снова. 7. Ей пришлось сделать это The train is n o t to arrive at six. — Поезд не должен
снова. 8. Кате часто приходится ходить в магазин. прибыть в шесть.
9. Мне пришлось позвонить ему снова. 10. Нам придет
ся разделить яблоко на четыре части. При переводе на русский язык этот модальный гла
Упражнение 22.9 гол может выпадать, но он сохраняется в английском
предложении.
Переведите следующие предложения, употребляя модаль
Пример:
ный глагол must или его эквивалент. What are we to do now? — Что мы сейчас будем делать (т. е. что
1. Мы должны закончить эту работу к субботе. 2. В дальше)?
понедельник нам пришлось начать работать в 7 утра. We are to have six lessons of German this week. — На этой неде
ле у нас будет шесть уроков немецкого (т. е. по плану, по школьно
3. Ты должен продать эту машину! 4. Мы должны по
му расписанию).
мочь ей. 5. Нам пришлось готовить весь ужин самим.
6. Вы должны выбрать какую книгу вы хотите купить.
7. Должно быть, интересно поехать в Сидней. 8. Он Упражнение 22.10
должен научить меня говорить на японском. 9. Мне
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
пришлось заплатить много денег за мой новый дом.
10. Вы не должны звонить мне так поздно. 11. Ему 1. Он должен вернуть книги в библиотеку в конце
придется пригласить Катю на свадьбу тоже. года. 2. Уроки начнутся в восемь часов. 3. Они поженят
ся в июне. 4. Концерт должен был состояться вчера.
D. То be to — должен. 5. В этом месяце у нас будет пять уроков английского
Этот модальный глагол выражает какое-то заплани языка в неделю. 6. Поезд прибывает в семь. 7. Кто дол
рованное действие, действие по плану. жен встретить Сашу? 8. И что мне теперь делать? 9. Он
должен придти в семь? 10. Она должна была закончить
The film was to start at seven. — Фильм должен был начаться в школу в прошлом году. 11. Он должен был начать в
семь (т. е. по расписанию).
этот понедельник.
Данный модальный глагол может употребляться толь
ко в Present и Past Simple. Действия, которые будут Е. Need — нуждаться.
происходить в будущем времени, выражаются време
нем Present Simple, например: Не is to meet Sasha next Need [ni:d] выступает в роли модального глагола при
week. - Он должен будет встретить Сашу на следующей отсутствии необходимости свершения действия, в ос
неделе. тальных случаях need выступает как обычный глагол.
You needn’t buy so much milk. I bought some yesterday. — F. Should — следовало бы, следует.
Тебе не нужно покупать так много молока. Я вчера a) Модальный глагол should [ju:d] выражает совет
купила немного (нет необходимости свершения дей или рекомендацию.
ствия, т. е. молоко уже куплено и нет необходимости We should buy some more bread. — Нам следует купить еще
покупать еще). немного хлеба.
Need you buy so much milk? — Нужно ли тебе поку Не should sleep more. — Ему следует больше спать.
пать так много молока (т. е. есть ли в этом необходи
мость)? Проанализируйте образование вопросительного и отрица
S Примечание. тельного предложения.
Need в роли модального глагола может употребляться только Should he sleep more? — Ему следует больше спать?
в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях. Не shouldn t sleep more. — Ему не следует больше
спать.
Ъ) В этих примерах need выступает в роли обычного b) Модальный глагол should также может выражать
глагола:
удивление и возмущение.
Не needs to call his mother now. - Ему нужно позво Why should I do it? — С какой стати я должен делать это?
нить матери сейчас. How should I Know? — Откуда мне знать?
Do you need my advice? — Тебе нужен мой совет?
No, I don t need your advice. — Мне не нужен твой У праж нение 22.12
совет. (Я не нуждаюсь в твоем совете.)
Переведите на английский язык, используя глагол should.
1. Вам не следует так сильно волноваться. 2. Тебе не
Упражнение 22.11 следует так много работать. 3. Нам следует ему все рас
сказывать. 4. Ему следует больше заниматься. 5. Тебе не
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол need. следует пить так много кофе. 6. Тебе следует помочь
1. Надо ли тебе беспокоиться о человеке, который брату. 7. Тебе не следует забывать о своем обещании.
тебя всегда обманывает? 2. Мне не нужны твои деньги. 8. Вам нужно рассказать нам правду. 9. Нам следует
3. Кому нужно купить масло? — Ему нужно купить ложиться спать раньше. 10. Детям следует пить больше
масло. 4. Мне нужно тебе помогать? — Нет. спасибо, я молока. 11. С какой стати она должна помогать тебе?
сделаю все сам. 5. Тебе не нужно звонить ей. Она все
равно (anyway) не сможет поговорить с тобой сейчас. 6.
У нас много времени. Нам незачем торопиться. 7. Надо Упражнения на повторение
ли нам покупать так много бананов? 8. Она может и не
ходить в магазин: я купил сыр вчера. 9. Тебе не нужно У праж нение 22.13
говорить мне об этом дважды: я все понял. 10. Нуж
но ли нам ехать туда так рано? 11. Тебе не нужно Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
звонить ему так часто. Я думаю, что он придет. 12. Мне 1. Она не могла там больше (any longer) оставаться.
нужно позвонить. Ей нужно было идти на работу. 2. Нам нельзя курить
182 Урок № 2 2 Модальные глаголы 183
здесь. 3. Тебе нельзя есть так много груш. У тебя будет] 2. Which of the following is never used in the plural:
болеть живот. 4. Что он мог сделать? У него не было [ apple, page, information, language?
выбора. 5. Нам не разрешали выходить из класса во И 3. Can you name two synonyms for the word «beautiful»?
время урока. 6. Можно воспользоваться вашим телефо 4. What are comparative (сравнительная) and superlative
ном? 7. Он не умеет играть в футбол. 8. Нам пришлое!, (превосходная) degrees of the word «old»?
ждать больше часа. 9. Ты бы мог и помочь мне сейчас 5. What is the plural of «foot»?
(упрек). 10. Когда я был ребенком, мне не разрешали 6. What is the opposite of the verb «to build»?
читать поздно вечером. 11. Мне извиниться? 12. Поезд 7. Which of the following is a synonym for «boring»:
должен был приехать в шесть. 13. Надо ли ей об этом serious, dull, ugly, interesting?
знать? 14. Где мы можем купить хлеба? 15. Он может 8. Which form is correct: He can to swim / He can swim?
приехать завтра. 16. Мне пришлось уехать из Лондона 9. Which of the following is an animal: beach, bull, ba
на две недели раньше, чем я был должен. 17. Он сможет con, ball?
встретить нас у магазина. 10. Who of them works at a hospital: a waitress, a super
visor, a head nurse, a horseman?
Упражнение 22.14 11. When we want to buy food, where do we go: to the
beach, to the nightclub, to the cinema, to the supermarket?
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальные гла 12. Where do banana trees grow: in Russia, in Canada, in
голы и их эквиваленты. Australia, in Ukraine?
13. What is the opposite of the verb «to remember»?
1. Тебе не нужно покупать так много клубники. Мама
14. What do we call a person who serves people at restau
купила вчера два килограмма. 2. Я должен торопиться.
Я могу опоздать на поезд. 3. Она решила, что ей не rants?
следует ехать в Лондон этим летом. 4. Надо ли ей брать
так много вещей? В Англии не холодно зимой. 5. Мож Упражнение 22.16
но ему взять твою кассету? — Нет, нельзя. 6. Дождь мо
жет скоро закончиться. 7. Мне нельзя тратить так мно Прогитайте диалог.
го денег. 8. Вы слышите этот шум? 9. Вы видите эту Путешествия
девушку? 10. Я не могу кушать так много. 11. Ему
разрешили сдать экзамены намного раньше. 12. Вы — Do you like to travel?
можете пользоваться этим магнитофоном. 13. Ей не — I think everyone does.
удалось помочь ему. 14. Она может и позвонит (хотя — Where did you go last summer?
вряд ли). 15. Она может передумать (change her mind), —• We went to Spain.
так что соглашайся. — Was it good?
— Not too bad. We didn't pay much for our holiday. It
cost us about 600 dollars each.
Упражнение 22.15 — That isn't expensive. And how much time did you
Ответьте на следующие вопросы. spend there?
— Two weeks. We stayed at a three star hotel, which was
1. When we get on a bus, which of the following do we not far from the sea. What about you? Where did you go
pay: a charge, a fee, a salary, a fare? last summer?
184 Урок № 22
еще фотографии вы принесете? 5. Что еще он вам рас Она может быть занята. 8. Тебе разрешали уходить
сказал обо мне? 6. Что еще купила ваша мама? 7. Мой раньше? 9. Через час мы доберемся до леса. 10. Кто-то
брат хотел купить еще один компьютер. 8. Какие еще хотел поговорить со мной, но я не знала, кто это был.
книги вы любите читать? 9. Кто еще звонил мне? 11. Говорите, пожалуйста, медленнее, я вас не понимаю.
10. Дождь все еще идет. 11. Она еще не знает об этом. 12. Если ты придешь сегодня домой позднее, тебе
Мы позвоним ей вечером, и все расскажем сами, придется ужинать одному. 13. Ты написал контрольную
12. Она хочет еще немного сока. 13. Какие еще города работу хуже всех. 14. Катя сможет учиться лучше, если
вы посетили в прошлом году? 14. Моя мама хочет еще она будет тратить на английский язык больше времени.
один кусочек этого замечательного торта. Я 15. Вы должны больше работать над языком, если вы
Хотите лучше говорить по-английски. 16. Я хочу пойти
и ресторан немного раньше. Там не будет так много
Упражнение 23.5 <J
народа.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. Он попросил принести ему еще немного молока. Упражнение 23.7
2. Они все еще здесь? 3. Он все еще в школе? — Да, он Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
все еще в школе. 4. Я думаю, вам нужно выпить еще
немного горячего чая. 5. Она еще не знает наш новый 1. Ты знаешь, где наш сын? — Он в комнате. Он игра
адрес. 6. Мы еще не готовы. Мы придем после пяти, ет с котом. 2. Теплеет. 3. Если пойдет снег, мы не пой
7. Мой сын все еще кушает. 8. Позвони ей. Она еще не дем на улицу. Мы останемся дома. 4. Кто-то должен ку
спит. 9. Какие еще сказки тебе читала твоя бабушка? пить мясо. Если вы не купите мясо, бабушка не сделает
10. Она хотела подарить ему еще один галстук (tie). котлет. 5. Мои друзья через два дня уезжают в Москву.
11. Мы не знали, о чем еще мы могли поговорить. 6. Не нужно покупать так много конфет. Я вчера купила
12. Он позвонил еще двоим своим друзьям. 13. Какие целый килограмм. 7. Если он не позвонит, мы позвоним
еще журналы мы сможем покупать в этом магазине? ему сами. 8. Он хотел что-то сказать, но затем он пере
14. Он все еще пытается дозвониться ей. думал (changed his mind). 9. Если в стране ничего не
изменится через пять лет, мы иммигрируем в Канаду.
10. У него было несколько друзей в Вильнюсе. 11. Она
не сможет выучить так много правил за два дня. 12. Те
Упражнения на повторение
бе не следует обещать того, что ты не сможешь сделать.
13. Моей дочке только три года, но она уже умеет счи
Упражнение 23.6 тать до десяти. 14. Тебе ничто не поможет, если ты не
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. изменишь что-нибудь сейчас.
1. Завтра мы встанем раньше, чтобы приехать к вам
вовремя. 2. У моего брата сейчас новая машина. Он ку Упражнение 23.8
пил ее в прошлом году. 3. Чем больше я сплю, тем луч Задайте следующие вопросы.
ше я себя чувствую. 4. Не звони ей, она обедает. 5. Мой
брат не хочет говорить об этом снова. 6. Если она полу 1. Ask your friend if he can speak English.
чит визу в США, она поедет во Флориду. 7. Не звони ей. 2. Ask your sister whether she asked anybody for help.
192 Урок № 23 Present Continuous 193
3. Ask your friend if it snowed much last winter. But the farm was not very good. Mick became poorer and
4. Ask your m other what she is cooking for dinner. poorer, till at last he had nothing — only one poor cow.
5. Ask your friend why he has to get up early in the One m orning he drove his cow again to the market.
morning. When he reached the top of the hill, he stopped to watch the
6. Ask your sister if she can help you in the evening. ‘ sunrise.
7. Ask your daughter if there is any butter in the fridge. «Well, Mick,» said a voice behind him. «1 told you that
8. Ask your friend where he is going in the evening. you could be a rich man.»
9. Ask your grandm other if there is any jam in the jar. The farmer looked around and saw the little man.
10. Ask your friend if he wants to drink mineral water. «Indeed, I was rich, but now I am poor again,» he said.
11. Ask your brother if he will have fish or meat. «If you have another bottle, here is the cow for you.»
12. Ask your m other whether she will bake a cake in the «And here is the bottle,» said the old man and smiled.
evening. «You know what to do with it. And now good-bye.»
13. Ask your friend whether he likes to smoke after lunch. «Good-bye,» said the farmer. «Good luck to you! Good
14. Ask your brother whether he is reading a new book. luck to the big hill! It does not have a name, so we’ll call it
15. Ask your m other whether she was allowed to watch TV Bottle Hill!»
at night when she was a child. Then he got home and as soon as he saw Molly, he cried:
«1 have another bottle!»
In a moment Molly put a clean tablecloth on the table,
Упражнение 23.9 Mick looked at the bottle, and shouted:
1. Прогитайте текст. «Bottle, do your duty!»
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, At once two big men with big sticks came out. They beat
выугите их. poor Mick and his wife, and even the children, till they fell
3. Прогитайте текст снова. on their knees and begged for mercy, then they hid in the
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- bottle again.
ную грамматику. Slowly the farmer rose to his feet, took the bottle and ran
off to his landlord.
That night the landlord was having supper with some of
THE STORY OF BOTTLE HILL his friends. When he heard that the farmer wanted to see
An Irish legend him, he came to the door.
«Well, what do you want now?»
P a rt III
«Nothing, sir,» said Mick, «only I have another bottle.»
Next day Mick went to the market, sold a gold dish and «Oh, is it as good as the first?»
gave the money to the landlord. «Better, sir, better! If you want, I'll show it to you before
The landlord asked Mick how he became so rich, and the all the ladies and gentlemen.»
farmer told him about the fairies and the magic bottle. The «All right,» said the landlord and led Mick into the hall.
landlord offered him a lot of money for the bottle, but Mick At once the farmer saw his old bottle which was high on a
did not want to sell it. At last the landlord offered to give shelf.
him his farm for the bottle. Mick thought he did not need «I’ll have you soon,» he thought to himself.
any more money, and agreed. «Now,» said the landlord, «show us your bottle.»
194 Урок № 2 3
Урок №
Mick put it on the floor and said:
«Bottle! Do your duty!»
The next moment the men with the sticks jumped out of о Слова к уроку
the bottle started to beat the landlord and his guests.
«Stop these two men, Mick, or I’ll order to hang you!* варежка — m itten [mitn] печенье — biscuit [’biskit]
cried the landlord. договориться — arrange пол - floor [fla:]
«First you will give me back my bottle,» answered Mick. [а’гетбз] протирать пыль — dust [d A S t]
«Give it to him, quickly,» cried the landlord. загорать — sunbathe ['s.\nbei6] сажать - plant [pla:nt]
Mick took his bottle, while the two men jum ped into кормить — feed [ f i : d ] стирать — wash [waj]
their bottle again, and quickly ran off. настроение — m ood [mu:d] убежать — run away [глп
W hen the farm er had his bottle again, he did not spend одноклассник — classmate a'wai]
his money foolishly. At the end of his life, the bottle was [’kla.smeit] уснуть — fall [fail] asleep
broken and nobody could use it, but the hill where the
farmer first met the strange little man has the name Bottle
Hill even to this day. Past Continuous
Прошедшее длительное время
m Тематический словарь
Время P a st C o n tin u o u s обозначает действия, кото
another [э'плбэ] - другой. m agic ['mæd3 ikj — волшеб рые происходили или не происходили в точно указан
еще один ство, волшебный ное время в прошлом.
around [o'raund] — вокруг m ercy [’marsi] — милосердие
at last [at la:st] — в конце offer [’ofa] — предлагать Признаками этого времени являются: a t 6 о clock (в
концов order [o:da] — приказывать 6 гасов). w h en she cam e... (когда она пришла...), f r o m 6 ,
beg [beg] - просить stick [stik] — палка till 7 о clock (с 6 до 7 гасов), th e w hole e ven in g (целый L h
farm [fa:m] — ферма sunrise [’sAnmiz) — восход вегep), w h ile (в то время как, пока), still (все еще).
foolishly [*fu:li/li] — глупо солнца
indeed [in'di:d] — в самом top [tap] — верхушка, верх, Время P ast C o n tin u o u s образуется:
деле верхний to be (w as, w ere) + глагол + ing.
knee [ni:] — колено use [ju:z] — использовать
We w ere w atching TV yesterday at five. — Мы смотрели
luck [Ukj — удача voice [vais] — голос
телевизор вчера в пять.
Проанализируйте образование вопросительных и отрица
тельных предложений:
W hen my m other came home, I w a s read in g my b o o k .-
Когда мама пришла домой, я читал книгу.
W ere you reading your book when your m other came
home? — Ты читал свою книгу, когда мама пришла
домой?
196 Урок № 24 Past Continuous 197
I w as not reading my book when my mother came home. пирожки. 12. Когда мать вошла в комнату, она увидела,
— Я не читал книгу, когда мама пришла домой. что ее маленький сын сидел на полу и играл с игрушка
ми. 13. Мы обедали в ресторане, в то время как на
S Примечание. ша мама работала. 14. Вчера в 6 часов я читал книгу.
Обратите внимание на следующие предложения, не путайте 15. Она не спала в 7. она разговаривала по телефону.
употребление времен в них:
16. Что вы делали вчера весь вечер? 17. Когда я при
My mother came home at 6 о clock yesterday. — Моя мама npuuuia
домой в шесть вгера. — В данном предложении употреблено вре
шел домой, мама пекла пирожки. 18. Что делал папа,
мя Past Simple, т.к. действие однократное. когда ты пришел домой? 19. Вчера я встретил его на
My mother was cooking dinner at 6 yesterday.— Мама готовила улице. Он куда-то бежал. 20. Вчера в это время я был
ужин в шесть вгера. — В данном предложении употреблено время в ресторане. Я ужинал. 21. Куда вы шли вчера, когда я
Past Continuous, т.к. действие было в процессе. вас встретил?
гУПримечание.
Время Past Continuous — это не время, которое обозначает
долго протекающее действие. Это время, которое обозначает дей Упражнение 24.2
ствие, протекающее в точно указанный момент. Поэтому нельзя
сказать «She was travelling for a long time. — Она путешествовала Переведите на английский язык.
долгое время» или «She was studying in London for three years. —
Она училась в Лондоне в течении трех лет». В данных предложе 1. Я принимал душ, пока моя жена готовила завтрак.
ниях необходимо употребить время Past Simple, т. е. предложе 2. Когда я позвонил, моя сестра спала. 3. Когда моя
ния будут звучать следующим образом: «She travelled for a long бабушка смотрела телевизор, кто-то позвонил. 4. Когда
time» и «She studied in London for three years». я шел в магазин вчера, я встретил Катю. 5. Что ты делал
вчера весь вечер? — Я смотрел телевизор. 6. Когда мать
открыла дверь, она увидела, что дети играли. 7. Они пи
Упражнение 24.1 ли чай, когда я пришел. 8. Я не видел его вчера. 9. Где
он был вчера? — Он ходил в больницу. 10. Когда он
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Past звонил ей вчера? — Он позвонил ей в семь. 11. Мы
Continuous там, где это необходимо. смотрели фильм с 8 до 10. 12. Он шел в институт вчера,
1. Мы играли в футбол вчера. 2. Мы играли в футбол когда я его увидел на улице. 13. Когда папа пришел
вчера в семь вечера. 3. Мы играли в футбол с шести до домой, мама готовила кушать. 14. Вчера уроки нача
семи вечера. 4. Когда Миша пришел на стадион, мы иг лись в девять. 15. Дедушка читал газету вчера в десять.
рали в футбол. 5. Когда я вошел в комнату, она протира 16. Когда вы начали делать домашнее задание? 17. Она
ла мебель. 6. Он не позвонил мне вчера в семь. 7. Вчера пришла домой в семь. Она вошла в комнату. Папа чи
в десять мы шли по улице и разговаривали. 8. Почему тал. мама смотрела телевизор, ее старшая сестра разго
она спала вчера в три часа? 9. Она испекла торт вчера варивала по телефону. 18. Где вы были в субботу? — Мы
вечером? 10. Вчера весь вечер мы спорили (argue) о были в ресторане. Мы ужинали. 19. Около десяти я
том, куда поехать летом. 11. С трех до шести она мыла уснул. 20. Где вы провели прошлое лето? — Я ездил в
пол, затем оделась и пошла в магазин. В магазине она Барселону. 21. Я пришел домой около восьми и увидел,
купила молоко, яйца, сахар, масло и весь вечер пекла что моя жена стирает.
198 Урок № 24 Past Continuous 199
Ответьте на вопросы:
Урок № 2 5
1. Do you like to cook?
2. Who always cooks in your family?
3. What do you like to cook? О Слова к уроку
4. What don't you like to cook?
давайте — let's [lets] обслуживание - service ['ssivis]
5. What do you need to cook you favourite dish? жарить — fry [frai] пирожное — cake [keik]
6. Do you need any flour to cook your favourite dish? запомнить — remember рассердиться — get angry [get
7. How long does it take to cook your favourite dish? [п'шетЬэ] 'aeon]
8. Do you like to cook dinner yourself o r do you prefer крепкий — strong [ston] сигарета — cigarette [.sigs'rct]
somebody else to cook it?
минеральная вода — mineral шахматы - chess [t/es]
9. Do you sometimes get tired of cooking? шептать — whisper [’wisps]
water ['minsrsl 'waits]
10. Do you like food cooked with garlic?
Future Continuous
Будущее длительное время
Время F uture C ontinuous обозначает действия, ко
торые будут происходить в точно указанное время, но
в будущем.
Кроме того, это время может выражать действия, 6 часов. У нас еще есть время, чтобы посмотреть этот
которые произойдут в будущем при обычном, естествен фильм. 8. Не могли бы вы дать мне сигарету? — К со
ном ходе событий. жалению, я оставил свои сигареты дома. 9. Она пойдет
с нами ужинать? - Я думаю, что она сможет пойти
L 5 u .'rt7 o ^ только через час. 10. У моей сестры есть билеты на
Пример: / у с.
Anna is tire d . She w ill be com ing to bed soon. — Анна устала. новый фильм, и она спрашивает, кто хочет пойти с ней.
Она скоро ляжет спать (т. к. она устала, то естественно, что она 11. Вот пирожные. Я думаю, мы можем пить чай без
скоро ляжет спать). сахара, пирожные достаточно (enough) сладкие.
Hurry up. The tea w ill be g e ttin g cold. — Поторопитесь. Чай
остынет. Упражнение 25.3
Ответьте на вопросы.
Упражнение 25.1
1. What kind of films do you prefer?
Переведите на английский язык. 2. Which do you enjoy more, going to the theatre or
1. Она будет делать уроки в 8 часов? 2. Мы не будем going to the cinema?
играть в шахматы весь вечер. 3. Она говорит, что они 3. Do you like opera?
будут ждать тебя в семь. 4. Она будет писать письмо, 4. Who can cook well in your family?
пока ты будешь подметать пол. 5 . Завтра я буду рабо- , 5. Can you yourself fry a piece of meet?
тать весь вечер. 6. Мы встретим их, когда они будут ид- ' 6. Why shouldn’t we eat much in the evening?
ти в институт. 7. Когда я приду сюда, мои дети будут 7. How many new words can you learn every day?
играть. 8. Завтра в пять мы будем печь торт с клубни 8. Must you attend all the English lessons?
кой. Если хочешь, приходи. 9. Когда мы приедем в шко 9. Who must we show our documents to?
лу, они будут делать контрольную работу. 10. Я буду гу 10. What do we call a person who writes plays?
лять в парке с 7 до 8 часов. 11. What will your mother be doing tomorrow at seven?
12. Are you reading a book now?
13. What was your father doing when you came home
Упражнения на повторение yesterday?
14. Is it difficult to cook a tasty dinner?
15. Were you talking on the phone while your mother was
Упражнения 25.2
reading a book yesterday?
Переведите на английский язык. 16. Do you often go to the cinema?
1. Какого цвета стены в вашей кухне? 2. Почему вы
шепчете? Никто не спит. 3. Мой сын проснулся в пять Упражнение 25.4
часов утра и не мог заснуть до шести. 4. Моя машина Прогитайте диалог.
слишком маленькая, давайте возьмем вашу. 5. Она по
советовала нам поехать отдохнуть в Турцию. Она гово Мое лю би м ое блю до
рит, что обслуживание в Стамбуле очень хорошее.
6. Ваш кофе достаточно (enough) крепкий? — Да, спаси — What is your favourite food?
бо. Я не люблю очень крепкий кофе. 7. Сейчас только — Most of all I like Chinese food. And what about you?
204 Урок № 25
г .к 26
— I don't actually care what food it is. I can eat anything.
Can you recommend me any Chinese food recipe?
— Well, I can tell you how to cook fried rice with chicken.
— That will be great to listen to. О Слова к уроку
— So, to cook the rice you need: rice, a can of corn, a can
of peas, some carrots, a few onions, soy sauce and pepper ВОЛК — wolf [wulf] переезжать — move [mu:v]
and salt. десерт — dessert [di’zart] позавчера — the day before
— How long does it take to cook this thing? до сих пор — so far [sou fa:] yesterday
— I think it will take you about 25 minutes as it takes достаточно — enough [ГплП попугай — parrot [pasrot]
time to peel onions and things, you know what I mean. достать — take out [teik autj послезавтра — the day after
— Ok, what shall I start with? еда - meal [mi:I] tomorrow
— First, cook the rice, second, peel the onions, wash the зачем — why [wai] пустыня - desert ['dczcjt]
carrots thoroughly, then slice the onions and chop the инвалид — handicapped собрание — meeting [mi:tir}]
carrots. Add some olive oil into the frying pan. Put the [’haendikaipt] статья — article [aitikl] # .
onions and the carrots on the frying pan and let them get килограмм — kilo [’kilou] тупой — stupid
brown, then add the corn, the peas, salt, pepper and the soy кричать — cry [krai] успокоить — calm [ka:m]
sauce. Let it boil for a few minutes and put it all into the pan кролик - rabbit [’racbit] down
with rice, stir it well. That's it. легальный — legal [li:gl] часы — watch [wotj]
— What about the meat? Is it much more difficult to do? навещать — visit [’vizit] широкий — wide [waid]
— No, not really. одаренный — gifted [’giftid] получать - receive [n’siivl
— What do I need to cook it? океан — ocean [’oujn] E ¿e \ ^ t ]b*\v*zic(\rr>b
— Chicken, some peas, corn, some mushrooms and of
course some salt, pepper and soy sauce. The first thing to do 1. Общая характеристика времен группы
is to separate the meat from the bone, fry it for a few minutes,
then add mushrooms, corn, peas, salt, pepper and the soy
Perfect
sauce. Let it fry for a few more minutes and it is ready to eat. Действия в группе времен Perfect (present, past,
— Thanks, I will definitely try to cook it. future) заканчиваются, либо не заканчиваются к опре
деленному времени (в настоящем, прошлом или буду
o cor> <4 - ^ c v u tu x ., ,, f ( Wrf Hr щем).
TWouf w '.b £><2. Z& cJi -
We have already bought a new TV. — Мы уже купили
телевизор. (Действие закончено, телевизор уже куплен.)
\ — Present Perfect.
They had com e home by six o'clock. — Они пришли
домой к шести. (К шести они уже были дома.) — Past
Perfect.
She will have already baked the pie by 3 o'clock. — Она
уже испечет пирог к трем часам. (К трем пирог уже
будет испечен.) — Future Perfect.
206 Урок № 26 Present Perfect 207
Время P resen t Perfect образуется: B. Время Present Perfect, как правило, соответствует
h a ve/h a s + причастие прошедшего времени совершенному виду русского языка, который отвечает
(для правильных глаголов: глагол + оконгание -ed\ на вопросы Что сделал? Что сделала? Что сделали?
для неправильных глаголов: глагол в 3-ей колонке Пример:
таблицы неправильных глаголов). Она купила телевизор. — She has b ought a TV-set. (Что сдела
ла? — Купила.)
Такие слова как already, ju s t, ever, never ставятся Мы позавтракали. — We have had breakfast. — (Что сделали?
между have и глаголом. Позавтракали.)
Я пришел. — I have соте. (Что сделал? — Пришел.)
Пример:
I have already done it. — Я уже это сделал.
C. Проанализируйте употребление слов уже, еще, а так
Такие слова как yet, this week, this m onth, recently, же образование вопросительных и отрицательных предложе
lately, since last year, f o r a long time, before, today ний.
ставятся в конце предложения.
She has already come. — Она уже пришла.
Пример: 1 She hasn’t come yet. — Она еще не пришла.
I have been to London this year. — Я был в Лондоне в этом году. Has she come yet? — Она уж е пришла?
I haven't seen him for ages. When did you see him last? библиотеке было много народу. 8. Вы читали эту книгу?
— Я не видел его долгое время. Когда ты видел его н Она очень легкая и интересная. 9. Принесите, пожалуй
последний раз? ста, почитать какую-нибудь интересную книгу. — Я могу
вам дать очень интересную новую книгу. Я уже давал ее
моей маме, и она ей очень понравилась. 10. Где твоя
E. Время Present Perfect никогда не может быть упот
сестра? — Она ушла. 11. Как вам понравился последний
реблено, если в предложении есть такие слова как:
фильм по телевизору? 12. В детстве я жил в Барселоне.
yesterday (вгера), a m inute ago (минуту назад), last
Поэтому я хорошо знаю ее. 13. Вы видели сегодня Ан
w eek (на пршлой неделе), last y e a r (в прошлом году).
ну? — Да, она недавно приходила сюда и вскоре ушла.
Пример: 14. Я ухожу сейчас. Вы можете пользоваться моими
He has le ft a minute ago. — Время данного предложения выбра книгами и журналами. 15. Жаль (¡1 ¡5 а рйу), что ты не
но неверно, т. к. a m inute ago не относится к признакам времени взял сигареты. Я хочу курить.
Present Perfect. В этом предложении необходимо использовать
время Past Simple: Не left a minute ago. — Он ушел минуту назад.
Упражнение 26.2
Данная ошибка является одной из наиболее часто Переведите данные предложения на английский язык.
совершаемых учащимися.
1. Вы уже прочитали эту книгу? Как она вам понра
вилась? 2. Я хотел посмотреть этот фильм на прошлой
F. В американском варианте английского языка дан неделе, но смог посмотреть его только позавчера. 3. В
ное время используется редко, вместо времени Present этом году я не очень часто бывал в кино и в театре.
Perfect необходимо использовать время Past Simple. 4. Ваш сын уже окончил институт? 5. Вы уже побывали
Пример: в Мадриде? — Нет, я хочу поехать туда в июле. 6. Я
I have already done it. — Я уже сделал это. (Британский вариант.) только что встретил его. 7. Я никогда об этом не слы
I already did it. — Я уже сделал это. ( А м е р и к а н с к и й в а р и а н т .) шал. 8. Вы уже переехали на новую квартиру? 9. Саша
еще не говорил мне об этом. 10. Вы сделали много оши
Ключи к упражнениям даны с использованием бри бок в диктанте. 11. Вы когда-нибудь видели этого писа
танского варианта английского языка. теля? 12. В этом месяце я прочитал три книги. 13. Мой
приятель уехал в Лос-Анджелес неделю назад и еще не
Упражнение 26.1 звонил мне. 14. Я не видел своего брата в последнее
время. 15. Вы читали сегодня в газете статью о нашем
Переведите данные предложения на английский язык. городе? 16. Вы были когда-нибудь в Лондоне? — Нет, я
1. Я только что получил от него письмо. 2. Я никогда поеду туда в этом году.
не плавал в океане. 3. За последнее время она перевела
несколько писем. 4. Она никогда не ела такого вкусного Упражнение 26.3
мороженого. 5. Моя подруга говорит, что ее родители
купили очень дорогую машину. Она говорит, что они Переведите данные предложения на английский язык.
купили ее в прошлую субботу. 6. Вы уже были в биб 1. Сколько уроков географии у вас было в этом меся
лиотеке? - Нет еще. Я пойду туда после уроков. 7. В це? 2. Она сегодня встретила двух своих друзей. 3. Год
210 Урок № 2 6 Present Perfect 211
назад мы были здесь. Помнишь? 4. Покажи фотогра Мои дома. 15. Мне не следует есть так много мороже
фии, которые ты сделал. 5. В Москве появилось много ного. Я могу заболеть. 16. Она посмотрела этот фильм
новых домов с тех пор, как он приезжал сюда в после в прошлую субботу. 17. Она встретила свою маму два
дний раз. 6. Я видел Таню в субботу. 7. Я сломал часы. часа назад. 18. Она только что поговорила с ним по
Сколько времени? 8. Он никогда не был в Германии. телефону. 19. Он уже решил, что делать с кассетами.
9. Он уже забыл об этом. Представляешь? 10. Он напи 20. Моя сестра так хорошо говорит по-английски, пото
сал ей пару писем. Она до сих пор ( б о 1аг) не ответила. му что она прожила в Англии около пяти лет. 2 1 . Я
11. Я не могу дать тебе эту книгу, потому что я дал ее могу помыть посуду сам. 22. Дождь прекратился час
Ане. 12. Он много посмотрел за эти две недели. 13. Я назад. 23 . Мой друг купил новый дом, но он еще не
потерял книгу. Я не знаю, что мне сейчас делать. купил мебель.
14. Дайте мне, пожалуйста, кусочек ананаса. — Вот.
15. Моя приятельница — офицантка, она работает в
китайском ресторане. Упражнение 26.5
Переведите данные предложения на английский язык.
1. С кем ты вчера говорил по телефону весь вечер?
2. Когда я вошел на кухню, я увидел, что мама делала
Упражнения на повторение чай. 3. Ты не должен говорить со мной таким образом
(like this). 4. Почему она хочет поговорить с ним? —
Упражнение 26.4 Она хочет ему что-то сказать. 5. Где папа? — Он в ком
Переведите данные предложения на английский язык. нате, он смотрит телевизор. 6. Мы уезжаем сегодня ве
чером. Приходи проводить нас. 7. Если моя сестра не
1. Он уже сделал домашнее задание, и он может идти передумает, она выйдет замуж за Мишу через две неде
погулять. 2. Моя сестра только что пришла. 3. Когда я ли. 8. Мы собираемся пить кофе. 9. Она говорит, что мы
позвонил ему вчера, он был занят. Он помогал своей будем работать, в то время как они будут спать. 10. Что-
маме по дому. 4. Она вышла минуту назад. 5. Завтра в то упало на пол. Посмотри, что это. 11. Мои часы ос
это время я буду лететь в самолете и пить кофе. 6. Мы тановились. С ними что-то не так. 12. О чем ты гово
никогда не были в Токио. Я думаю, мы поедем в Токио ришь? Ты что, уже все забыл? 13. Этот магнитофон не
через год. Мы еще не заработали достаточно денег. такой старый, как тот. 14. В чае много сахара. Я не могу
7. Что ты приготовил на сегодня? — Ты знаешь, я ниче пить такой сладкий чай. 15. Мой сын старше вашего.
го не приготовил на сегодня. У меня было мало време 16. Что ты будешь делать завтра в семь? — Я буду
ни. 8. Если я получу визу, я проведу целое лето в США, ужинать в ресторане. А ты? — Я буду сидеть дома и чи
но если я не получу визу, я буду очень расстроен. 9. Моя тать книгу. 17. Она так сильно изменилась. 18. Я голо
бабушка пекла пирожки вчера весь вечер. 10. Что он ден. Давай обедать. 19. Дождь перестал? 20. Они зво
ответил? — Он ничего не ответил. 11. Ты поел? — Нет нили ему на прошлой неделе, но его не было дома.
еще. Я поем через час. 12. Мы много путешествовали в 21. Когда мама вернулась из Берлина? — Она вернулась
прошлом году. 13. Мой папа много знает, потому что он неделю назад. 22. Почему она кричит? — Она не знает,
много читал. 14. Где твои дети? — Они в саду. А твои? — чего она хочет. Я уже пыталась успокоить ее.
212 Урок № 26 Present Perfect 213
Past Perfect
Прошедшее совершенное время
Действия в Past Perfect заканчиваются, либо не
заканчиваются к определенному моменту в прошлом.
Признаки этого времени следующие: by (к ).
Время Past Perfect также обозначает действия, кото
рые произошли раньше других действий в прошлом.
Пример:
Не said that he had been to London. — Он сказал, что он был в
Лондоне (он был в Лондоне раньше, чем он об этом сказал).
When they came, we had already eaten. — Когда они пришли, мы
уже поели (одно действие произошло раньше другого, т.е. мы поели
раньше, чем они пришли).
Проанализируйте образование вопросительных и отрица принесла. 4. Том ушел за 2 часа до того, как они прибы
тельных предложений: ли. 5. Андрей убежал перед тем, как они пришли. 6. Его
бабушка болела 5 лет, перед тем она как умерла. 7. Мой
They had finished it by 6 o'clock. — Они закончили к друг знал, что она потратила все деньги. 8. К десяти
шести. (Действие было завершено к определенному вечера они закончил работу. 9. Мы знали, что он не хо
моменту в прошлом, т.е. к шести часам.) дил туда. 10. Он сказал, что не знал об этом? 11. Они не
H ad they finished it by 6 o'clock? — Они закончили к говорили, что они не были там. 12. Она предположила,
шести? что они забыли пригласить ее.
They had n o t finished it by 6 o’clock. — Они не закон
чили к шести, (Действие не было завершено к опреде
ленному моменту в прошлом.)
S Примечание. Упражнения на повторение
Действия, происходящие одно за другим последовательно, не
следует выражать с помощью Past Perfect. Упражнение 27.3
She саше home, made a cup of tea and decided to watch TV. —Она
пришла домой, сделала чашку чая и решила посмотреть телеви Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
зор (хотя действия произошли одно раньше другого, в данном 1. Кто сказал, что меня не было на уроке? 2. Мы не
предложении необходимо использовать Past Simple). знаем, что он ответил. 3. Когда я встретил Таню, она ела
пиццу. Она говорит, что любит пиццу. Я думаю, она ест
Упражнение 27.1 около пяти пицц каждый день. Она сказала, что к тому
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. времени как я ее встретил, она уже съела две пиццы.
Посмотри, она снова ест пиццу. Она сильно растолстеет
1. Они ушли из клуба до того, как мы пришли. 2. К (grow fat), если будет так много кушать. 4. Она выгляну
тому времени дети уже ушли в школу. 3. Они ушли ла из окна и увидела, что дети были во дворе. Они
очень далеко, когда мы заметили тучи. 4. Она сделала бегали. 5. Завтра около семи мы будем помогать ему.
половину работы к концу месяца. 5. Я сделал домаш 6. Ты знаешь, какую машину он купил? 7. Она хотела
нюю работу до того, как ты позвонил мне. 6. Катя ска поехать в тот город, где провела лучшие годы своей
зала, что ее муж еще не приехал. 7. Мой друг сказал, что жизни. 8. Когда я пришел домой, мои дети уже поужи
он уже был в Париже. 8. К шести бабушка вымыла по нали. 9. Катя вчера дала мне книгу, которую она мне
суду. 9. Когда мы пришли на стадион, матч уже на обещала. 10. Вы закончили? — Мы закончим в семь.
чался. 10. Она пришла в то время, когда мы обедали. 11. Когда я пришел домой, мой брат сказал мне, что
11. Я думал, что они уже пообедали. 12. Они сказали, кто-то звонил. 12. Я думал, что потерял ключ. 13. Они
что узнали об этом из газеты. были рады, что сдали все экзамены. 14. Это мороженое
такое же сладкое, как то. 15. Нам не разрешали разго
Упражнение 27.2 варивать на уроках. 16. Мы закончили к семи. 17. Что
# она сказала, когда я позвонил? 18. В семь мы завтрака
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. ли. Он сидел напротив меня. Я думаю, он ушел около
1. Когда он пришел, мы еще ужинали. 2. Мой друг восьми. 19. Он думал, что мы поссорились (quarrel).
сказал, что давно забыл об этом. 3. Я не знал, что она 20. Она сказала, что папа еще не пришел.
218 Урок № 27 Past Perfect 219
дильнике ничего не было. Он не знал, что приготовить 10. Ask your friend whether it is difficult for him to get up
на ужин. 9. Она искала тебя целый час! Где ты был г1 early in the morning.
10. Она приедет либо в мае, либо в июне. 11. Посмота 11. Ask your sister what she has bought at the shop.
ри! Моя сестра переплыла реку! 12. Когда я пришел ни 12. Ask your friend if she will go to the park with us in the
pa-боту, я вспомнил, что оставил книгу дома. evening.
13. Ask your mother what she was doing the whole evening.
Упражнение 28.3 14. Ask your friend if he is good at English.
15. Ask your sister whether she has already had dinner.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. Тебе тяжело переводить это письмо. Если будет очень Упражнение 28.5
сложно, я смогу помочь тебе. 2. Он не починит машину
1. Прогитайте текст.
к восьми. У него слишком мало времени. 3. Завтра и
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь,
семь она будет работать. Не звоните ей. 4. Мы будем
готовить салат с крабами, в то время как ты будешь аыугите их.
готовить свинину (pork). Договорились? 5. Он пришел 3. Прогитайте текст снова.
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
вчера в 11. Мне не нравится, когда он приходит так
поздно. 6. Я покажу вам мой дом, если хотите. 7. Нам ную грамматику.
не следует говорить об этом прямо сейчас. Я думаю, мы
сможем поговорить об этом завтра. 8. Мой маленький RUTHLESS
сын никогда не видел слона. Если мы поедем в зоопарк, After W. de Mille
я покажу ему большого слона. 9. Пойдем погуляем.
Дождь уже закончился. Part I
Judson was an American businessman. He had a com
Упражнение 28.4 fortable flat in New York. But in summer he did not like to
Задайте следующие вопросы. live in a dusty city, he used to come to live in his summer
cottage. His cottage stood in a nice place on the bank of a
1. Ask your daughter why she came home so late yesterday. river. It consisted of three rooms, a bathroom and a kitchen.
2. Ask your friend who he is speaking on the phone to. In one of the rooms there was a big closet. Judson liked his
3. Ask your son how long it will take him to do his cottage very much, especially his closet where he kept his
homework. guns, fishing rods, wine and other things. It was his own
4. Ask your sister whether she will be able to call you closet and even his wife was not allowed to have a key.
after work. Judson loved his personal things and got very angry when
5. Ask your daughter if there is much snow outside, i anybody else touched them.
6. Ask your friend where he has been today. It was autumn now. And Judson was packing his things
7. Ask your grandmother how long it took her to bake for the winter. In a few minutes he was going to drive back
the cake.
to civilization, to New York.
8. Ask your brother what he will be doing tomorrow at two. As he looked at the shelf on which the whiskey stood his
9. Ask your grandfather whether it is warmer today than face was serious. All the bottles were unopened except one.
it was yesterday. It was placed in front with a whiskey-glass by its side. The
РЖУ) C ' i . ' V / O %.v>k.<2.
Оf f c v С S' LcxU~\ ~ p
Vv' CU^ ~ ^ 0 &41 оШ - 4О
224 Урок № 28
bottle was less than half full. As he took it froin the shell
Helen, his wife, spoke from the next room:
«I’ve packed everything. Hasn't Alec come to run th
water off?» О Слова к уроку
Alec lived nearby and acted as caretaker.
«He's at the lake and he is taking the boats out of the акула - sh ark [Ja:k] не прав, не правильный —
water. He has said he will be back in half an hour.» доказывать — prove [pru:v] w rong [wrDT)]
Helen came into the room, she was carrying her suitcase. змея — snake [sneik] несъедобный — uneatable
She stopped and looked in surprise as she saw the bottle in канат — rope [roup] осуществляться — come tru e
her husband's hand. линия — line [lam] [ к л т tm ]
«Judson,» she exclaimed, «you're not taking a drink at лист — leaf [li:f] половина - h alf [ha:f]
ten in the morning, are you?» миска — bowl [boul] сумасшедший — crazy [’kreizi]
«No, my dear. I am not taking anything out of this bottle. млекопитающее — mam m al таблетка — pill [pil]
I am just putting something into it.» [’mammal] ястреб — haw k [ho:k]
He took two small white tablets out of his pocket and put муравей — an t [sent] мясной магазин/мясная лавка
them on the table. Then he opened the bottle. мясная лавка — butchery — b utcher's [’but/oz]
«The person who broke into my closet last winter and [’but/an]
stole my whiskey will probably try to do it again while we
are away,» he went on, «only this time he'll be very sorry il
he comes.» 1. Общая характеристика времен группы
Perfect Continuous
L 1 Тематический словарь
Действия в группе времен Perfect Continuous нача
bank [baer)k] — берег gun [длп] — ружье лись в прошлом или начнутся в будущем и будут
c aretak er [’keotciko] — сторож key [ki:] — ключ
длиться до определенного момента в прошлом, в бу
closet [’klozit] — шкаф pack [pack] — упаковывать дущем или в настоящем, подводя как бы общий итог
dusty ['dAsti] — пыльный personal [’parsnal] — личный ! действия.
except [ik’sept] — кроме probably [’probobli] — возмож
exclaim [iks’kleim] — восклик но, вероятно She has already been watching TV for more than six
нуть tu rn off [to:n of] — отключить hours. — Она смотрит телевизор уже более шести часов. —
fishing rod [ T i J it} r o d ] — удочка serious [’siorios] — серьезный Present Perfect Continuous.
full [ful] — полный touch [tAtJ] — дотронуться When we came, she had already been watching TV for
¿ T O / v $ ',s | Г K ^ i n V i s 4 more than six hours. — Когда мы пришли, она смотрела
p e _ c L ^ 1S’ ^ , Чэ viv\HE телевизор уже более шести часов. — Past Perfect C onti
nuous.
When we come, she will have already been watching
TV for more than six hours. — Когда мы придем, она
будет смотреть телевизор уже более шести часов. —
Future Perfect Continuous.
226 Урок № 29 Present Perfect Continuous 227
Действия Present Perfect Continuous начались в 1. Моя дочь говорит по телефону. Она говорит по
прошлом и длятся до определенного момента в насто телефону уже целый час. 2. Что ты делаешь? — Я смот
ящем, т. е. действия начались в прошлом и все еще рю телевизор. Я смотрю телевизор уже больше пяти
продолжаются или уже завершились, подводя общий часов. 3. Где он? — Он в библиотеке. Он работает. Он
итог действия. там работает с утра. 4. Я живу в Монте-Карло. Я уже
прожил там больше пяти лет. 5. Она делает домашнее
Пример: здание с трех часов. Она еще не сделала и половины.
I have already been living in New York for ten years. — Я уже
6. Я жду тебя с двух часов. Где ты был? 7. Что он делает?
живу в Нью-Йорке более десяти лет. (Жил и все еще живу.) — Он читает. Он читает с двух часов. Он уже прочитал
Where have you been? — I have been running. — Где ты был? — 100 страниц. 8. Его телефон звонит уже более десяти
Я бегал. (Подводится общий итог действия.) минут. Я думаю, его нет дома. 9. Как давно ты водишь
машину? — Я вожу машину уже более десяти лет.
10. Мы уже идем три часа, и мы уже прошли 15 кило
Признаками этого времени являются: already (уже), метров. 11. Где ты был? — Я поливал цветы.
y e t (еще. уже), f o r more than fiv e hours (более пяти
zacoe), since (с, с того времени как), all this year (весь
этот год), ail ту life (все мою жизнь). Упражнения на повторение
Упражнение 29.2
Время Present Perfect Continuous образуется:
have/has been + глагол + ing. _ Переведите данные предложения на английский язык.
1. Не ходи к Тане. Она занята. Она делает домашнее
She has already been swimm ing fo r tw o hours. — Она уже
задание. Если ты придешь к ней после семи, она будет
купается более двух часов.
рада. 2. Он не сказал о своей покупке ни мне, ни моему
мужу. 3. На улице будет много снега. 4. Она опять гото
Проанализируйте образование вопросительных и отрица вит свои пирожки. Она готовит эти пирожки уже три
тельных предложений: часа. Мы будем кушать их целую неделю. 5. Она опять
спит? Разбуди ее. Мне нужно ей что-то сказать. 6. Холо
She has already been read ing for five hours. — Она уже дает. Скоро пойдет снег. 7. Она ушла в ресторан? — Ду
читает в течение пяти часов. (Она начала читать пять маю, что да. Она пошла в ресторан около семи. 8. Вчера
часов назад и все еще читает, т. е. действие началось в моя сестра говорила по телефону, в то время как я смот
прошлом и длится до настоящего момента.) рел телевизор. 9. Я потерял его ручку, когда играл в
She hasn't been rcadi/ig for five hours already. Она не футбол вчера. Если я не куплю ему новую, он рассердит
читает уже в течение пяти часов. ся на меня. 10. Что ты приготовила сегодня? — Ты
Has she been read ing for five hours already? — Она уже знаешь, у меня было мало времени и я ничего не приго
читает в течение пяти часов? товила. Я приготовлю что-нибудь к пяти. 11. Что ты
228 Урок № 29 Present Perfect Continuous 229
будешь делать завтра в пять? — Я буду помогать моему 3. Which of the following is mammal: ant, parrot, snake,
сыну делать уроки. — Если ты освободишься раньше, wolf?
позвони мне. 12. Пришло лето. Дни становятся все длин 4. Can you name a synonym for the word «crazy»?
нее. Становится теплее. 13. Вчера с семи до восьми я 5. Can you explain the difference between «hard» and
пыталась доказать ему. что он не прав, но так ничего и «hardly»?
не получилось (come out). 14. Мы купили новый диван. 6. What is the opposite of the word «ugly»?
15. Когда она вошла в класс, дети читали какую-то 7. Which of the following can fly: a shark, an elephant,
книгу. a hawk, an ant?
8. Which of the following is never used in the plural:
Упражнение 29.3 advice, leaf, rope, pineapple?
9. If we have a headache, what do we take: ice cream,
Переведите данные предложения на английский язык. pills, jam, hot water?
10. Which of the following verbs are never used in
1. Мой сын не хотел ехать ни в Киев, ни в Москву.
continuous tenses: win, smoke, build, drink?
2. С пяти до шести я разговаривала по телефону, поэто 11. Which form is correct: He studied in England for three
му моя линия была занята. 3. Если она не сдаст экзаме
years / He was studying in England for three years?
ны до 20 июля, она не поедет в Берлин. 4. Она покуша
12. What is the opposite of the word «regular»?
ла и теперь может почитать книгу. 5. Ему никогда не
13. What is the plural of «sheep»?
разрешат взять отпуск. 6. Когда я пришел домой, я уви 14. What do we call the place where we buy bread?
дел, что кто-то разбил вазу. 7. Ты давно работаешь в
этом ресторане? — Я работаю в этом ресторане с 1991
года. 8. Если ты попросишь ее, она поможет твоему сы
ну с английским или сегодня или завтра. 9. Эта каша Упражнение 29.5
несъедобна. 10. Моя дочь уже большая. Она сама гото 1. Прогитайте текст.
вит. 11. Опять потеплело и снег растаял. Я думаю, что в 2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь,
этом году снега больше не будет. 12. Она всю жизнь выугите их.
мечтала поехать в Лондон. Я надеюсь, ее мечта осуще 3. Прогитайте текст снова.
ствится. 13. Почему она плачет? — Она разбила маши 4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
ну. 14. Чем больше я узнавала этого человека, тем ную грамматику.
больше он мне нравился. 15. Снег идет уже более трех
часов. Если к шести часам он не прекратится, я позвоню RUTHLESS
Тане и скажу, что мы не придем.
After W. de Mille
Part II
Упражнение 29.4
Then one by one he dropped the tablets into the bottle
Ответьте на следующие вопросы. and held it up to watch them dissolve. His wife looked at
1. Where is Monte Carlo: in England, in France, in the him in horror.
US, in Belgium? «What are they?» she asked him at last. «Will they make
2. What do we call the place where we buy meat? the man sick?»
Ohe. Ц ijp'y*-1-* <r,j0
230 Урок № 29 Present Perfect Continuous 231
«Not only sick. They will kill him,» he answered. «The Helen went down the road and Judson started to close
only way of getting rid of a thief is to kill him.» the closet door. He suddenly remembered that he had not
He closed the bottle and put it back on the shelf near the packed his hunting boots drying outside on the heavy table
little whiskey-glass. He was pleased. He said: in the garden. So, he left the door open and he went to fetch
«Now, Mr. Thief, when you break in, drink as much as them. But when he wanted to reach for his boots he suddenly
you wish...» slipped on a stone and his head struck the massive table as
Helen's face was pale. he fell.
«Don't do it, Judson!» she cried. «It is horrible, it’s a Several minutes later he felt a strong arm round him and
murder!» Alec’s voice was saying:
«The law does not call it murder if I shoot a thief who is «It's all right, Mr. Webb, it was not a bad fall. Take this
entering my house by force.» ... It’ll make you feel better.»
«Don't do it,» she begged, «The law doesn't punish A small whiskey-glass was pressed to his lips. Half
burglary by death, what right have you?» conscious, he drank.
«When it comes to protecting my property, I make my
own laws.» / X Тематический словарь
He was now like a big dog, which was afraid that arm [a:m] — кисть руки kill [kil] — убивать
somebody would take away his bone. as [aez] — по мере того как law [Id:] — закон
«But all they did was steal a little whiskey,» she said, bone [boun] — кость lip [lip] - губа
«probably, some boys. They did not do any real damage.» boot [bu:t] — ботинок murder ['ma:dd] — убийство
«It does not matter. If a man robs me of five dollars it is burglar [Ъэ:д1э] - взломщик pale [peil] - бледный
the same as if he took a hundred. A thief is a thief.» half conscious ['ha:fkonfos] — poison [’pDizn] — яд
She made one last effort: в полусознательном press [pres] - надавить,
«We won’t be here again till next spring. I shall worry all состоянии нажать
the time if I know that this bottle full of poison is here. damage ['dacmid 3 ] — вред, property ['propoti] — соб
Suppose something happens to us and nobody knows...» ущерб ственность
He laughed at her: death fdcO] — смерть protect [prD'tckt] — защищать
«We’ll risk it,» he said. «I’ve made my money by taking defeat [di’fr.t] - поражение punish [’pMiij] — наказать
risks. If I die, it will all belong to you, and you can do as you dissolve [di'zolv] — расстворять reach [ri:tj] - дотянуться,
please.» drop [drop] — кинуть, уронить добраться
She knew it was useless to argue. He had always been effort [’efot] — усилие risk [risk] - риск, рисковать
ruthless in business. She went to the door with a sigh of fetch [fetj] - принести rob [rob] — ограбить
defeat. force [fo:s) — сила ruthless [*ru:01is] — жестокий
«I'll walk down the road and say good-bye at the farm get rid of [get rid d v ] — shoot [Ju:t] — стрелять
house,» she said quietly. She had made up her mind to tell избавиться sigh [sai] — вздох
the caretaker’s wife about it. Someone had to know. glass [gla:s] - стакан slip [slip] - подскользнуться
«All right, my dear,» he smiled, «and don't worry about horrible [’horibl] - ужасный stick [stik] — палка
your poor little burglar. No one is going to be hurt unless he horror [Ъэгэ] — ужас stone ['stoun] — камень
breaks in.» hunt [hAntJ — охота thief [GiifJ — вор
Past Perfect Continuous 233
Урок N° 30
уже более десяти лет жили в Москве. 6. К тому времени
как ребенок уснул, мать уже более двух часов готовила
Past Perfect Continuous ужин. 7. Когда пришла мама, дети уже более часа дела
ли домашнее задание. 8. Когда он вспомнил, они уже
Прошедшее совершенное длительное время ушли. 9. Он позвонил им через несколько лет. Они уже
жили в Лондоне более пяти лет. 10. К восьми вечера
Действия Past Perfect Continuous начались в про она говорила по телефону уже более трех часов.
шлом и длились до определенного момента в прошлом.
скажет ему, что она думает о тебе. 5. Эта машина не — Yes. Bloody hell.
моя. Она ваша. 6. Мой муж начал искать работу год — I would (бы) never agree to do that.
назад, но еще ничего хорошего не нашел. 7. Дождь идет — I don't think so. Well, what will we do? Are you hun
с трех часов. Я надеюсь, он уже прекратится к семи. gry?
8. Она не любила ни зиму, ни лето. 9. Кто помогает вам — No, I am not. The food on the plane was good and I
готовить завтрак? 10. Если ты захочешь, все изменится. am not hungry.
11. Она не позвонила к семи часам вечера. А мы ждали — What did you have?
звонка целый вечер. 12. Если ты чего-то хочешь, это — I had some chicken and some salad and French wine,
обязательно сбудется (come true). 13. Иногда бывает I guess.
так сложно сказать правду. 14. Она не хотела бы видеть — Do they serve hot food now?
его сейчас, он ее сильно обидел (offend). — Yes, they do. So, where will Tom wait for me?
— He asked me to take you to his place.
— When will he come back from work?
Упражнение 30.4 — He will be at home by six. We have much time and we
Прогитайте диалог. may go to some pub to have a beer.
— 1 would like to. However, I am little tired and I would
Встреча like to take a shower. Besides, it would be nice to unpack my
— Excuse me. things.
— Yes. — I see. Sorry, I didn't think of that.
— Are you from Moscow, Russia? — It's all right. Don't worry.
— Yes, why? [ VJ a <1 — OK.
— I am Mike. I am Tom's friend. He is terribly sorry but — Thanks. I will take a shower and then we can have
he is busy now. He is at work and he asked me to meet you. some beer if you don't mind (возражать).
That is why I am here. — Of course I don't.
— I see. My name is Tanya. Nice to meet you Mike. — Let's go. Where is your car?
— Nice to meet you too. How was your journey (путеше — It is over there, the white Rover.
ствие)?
— Not bad. Actually, it was nice.
— How long did the flight (полет) last?
— Let me see, I think something about two hours. Not
long, is it?
— No. Did you have any problems with the Customs
(таможня)?
— Not really. However, they asked too many question.
— It is quite all right. They always ask a lot of questions.
— Yes, they do. How much money, where from and so on.
—You are right. Besides, they always ask a lot of questions
about drugs (наркотитки). They can even force you to take
your clothes off to search you.
— Can they?
Future Perfect Continuous 237
Урок Ns 31
Упражнение 31.1
о Слова к уроку
•
г
Переведите на английский язык.
1. Я закончу это письмо завтра вечером. 2. К следу
бездомный — homeless очки — glasses ['gla.siz] ющему лету я закончу мою книгу. 3. Я уже буду го
['houmlis] передавать - pass [pa:s] товить целый час к тому времени, как ты придешь.
грязный — dirty [*da:ti] простудиться — catch a cold 4. К 20 января мы уже будем работать вместе более
догадаться - guess [ges] [kastj о kould] 8 лет. 5. К семи часам я буду читать эту книгу уже более
местный - local ['loukol] пытаться — try [trai] трех часов. 6. В сентябре мы будем женаты уже более
носить - wear [wco] странный — strange [streind3 ] 10 лет. 7. Она принесет письмо к семи. 8. К восьми
часам ты мне будешь рассказывать об этом уже в пятый
раз. 9. Завтра в пять я буду готовить домашнее задание.
Future Perfect Continuous Не звони мне. И к восьми часам я уже буду делать
Будущее совершенное длительное время домашнее задание более трех часов. 10. Они не пойдут
завтра в школу.
Действия Future Perfect Continuous начинаются в
будущем и будут длится до определенного момента в
будущем. Упражнения на повторение
Время Future Perfect Continuous образуется: 1. Я пытался дозвониться тебе целую неделю. Где ты
will/shall have been + глагол + ing. был? 2. Я не думаю, что я видел этот фильм раньше.
3. Наконец-то он пришел. Мы ждали его так долго.
She w ill have already been sw im m m j fo r tw o hours. — Она будет
4. Жизнь невозможна без воздуха. 5. Он прожил дол
плавать уже в течение двух часов. гую жизнь. 6. Передайте соль, пожалуйста. 7. Не сидите
у окна, вы простудитесь. 8. Никто не любит плохую
Проанализируйте образование вопросительных и отрица погоду. 9. Вода необходима для жизни. 10. Он не может
тельных предложений: плавать в такой холодной воде. 11. Он никогда не видел
By April the 10th she will have already been work ing at такого странного человека. 12. Почему вы носите очки?
our firm for more than 12 years. — К десятому апреля она 13. Что вы здесь делаете? — Я жду автобус. — Давно
будет работать в нашей фирме уже более 12 лет. ждете? — Я жду уже 30 минут.
Will she have been work ing at our firm for more than
12 years by April the 10,h? — К десятому апреля она будет Упражнение 31.3
работать в нашей фирме уже более 12 лет? Переведите на английский язык.
By April the 10th she will not have been working at our
firm for more than 12 years. — К десятому апреля она не 1. Я почти два часа искал свою книгу, когда ты позво
будет работать в нашей фирме более 12 лет. нил и сказал, что нашел ее на моем столе. 2. Сколько
238 Урок № 31 Future Perfect Continuous 239
тебе потребовалось времени, чтобы догадаться, кто тебе THE AXE IN THE CEILING
звонил? 3. За последнее время многое изменилось, An old English tale
4. Снег идет уже три дня. Я не думаю, что он скоро пе
рестанет. 5. Она не знала, плакать ей или смеяться когда P art I
она узнала, что он ее снова обманул. 6. В этом районе There was once a farmer who lived with his daughter and
много бездомных. 7. Почему твоя одежда такая гряз wife on a farm. A fine gentleman loved the girl, he came to
ная? 8. Ты знаешь, где она была в два часа ночи? -ч supper with them every evening, and each night the girl
Знаю, мы были вместе. Мы пили кофе в местном ба went down to the cellar to get the cider in a jug. She went
ре. — Вы начали часто встречаться. Может, вы скоро down the cellar steps, turned the tap of the cider barrel,
поженитесь? — Все может случиться. Кто знает!? 9. Ин filled her jug and ran upstairs again.
тересно, где она сейчас?
One night the daughter went to get the cider. She was
standing and waiting for the jug to fill. She looked up at the
Упражнение 31.4
ceiling — and there, stuck in a wooden beam, she saw an
Ответьте на следующие вопросы. axe. She looked at it again, and then she sat down on a
1. Who discovered America? stool, and began to weep.
2. What is the capital of Germany? «Oh, my, oh, my!» she cried. «Suppose I married my fine
3. Who was the first president of the US? gentleman, and we had a son, and the son grew up and came
4. What have you been doing since morning? down here to get the cider, and the axe fell on his head and
5. What large cities in Europe do you know? killed him, oh, what a dreadful thing it is!»
6. What do the letters CIS stand for? Now the three people upstairs were waiting for the cider,
7. What is the population of Great Britain? and they wondered what had happened to the girl. So the
8. Is anybody waiting for you now? mother ran down into the cellar to find out.
9. Are you bad at driving? «Why, what's the matter?» she asked in surprise.
10. Who was the first president of Russia? «Oh, Mother,» said the girl, «look at that dreadful axe up
11. When did you go to a restaurant last? there! Suppose I married my fine gentleman and we had a
12. Have you ever seen a crocodile? son and he grew up and came down here to get the cider,
13. Are you scared to stay at home alone at night? and the axe fell on him and killed him.»
14. Will you be upset if it rains in the evening? Then the mother began to weep too and the farmer
15. Why mustn't we smoke? upstairs heard the noise and came down to see what was the
16. Will you be able to help me tomorrow if I ask you to? matter.
«Oh, John!» said the wife. «Do you see that dreadful axe
Упражнение 31.5 up there? Well, suppose our girl married her fine gentleman
and they had a son and he grew up and came down here to
1. Прогитайте текст. get the cider, and the axe fell on him and killed him.»
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, Then the farmer began to cry too. All this time the fine
выугите их. gentleman had been waiting for his cider, and at last he too
3. Прогитайте текст снова. went down into the cellar to find out what had happened to
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
ную грамматику. everyone.
240 Урок № 31
Урок Ns 32
«Oh, friend!» said the farmer. «Look at that dreadful axe
up there! Suppose you married my daughter and had a son
and he grew up and came down here to get cider, and the
axe fell on his head and killed him, wouldn't that be a О Слова к уроку
dreadful thing?»
«Well,» said the gentleman with a laugh, «is that all that внезапно — suddenly [’sAdnli] приблизительно — about
is worrying you? I can soon put matters right!» по пути — on the way [on do родной — home, native
And with that he took the axe from the wooden beam wei] роза — rose [rouz]
and threw it on the ground. Then he turned off the cider полагать — guess [ges] сдержать — keep [ki:p]
tap, for the jug was filled and the cider was running all over пораниться — hurt [ho:t] способный — able [’eibl]
the floor.
«Never in my life have I seen three such sillies!» said the
gentleman. «1 am now going to set out on my travels, and if Future in the Past
I find three greater sillies than you, well, I will come back Будущее в прошедшем
and marry your daughter!»
(To be continued)
Если главное предложение стоит в прошедшем вре
мени, то придаточное предложение будет стоять в
Z-lA Тематический словарь соответствующем Future in th e Past.
all over [ э : 1 o u v o ] — по всему silly [’sili] — глупый Для того чтобы образовать время будущее в про
axe [asks] - топор step [step] — ступенька шедшем, необходимо изменить will на w ould и shall
barrel I’baerol] — бочка stool [stud] — стул на should.
beam [bi:m] — перекладина suppose [so’pouz] — предпола
ceiling [’siilirj] — потолок гать Не says that he will buy a new car. (Он говорит, что он
cellar [’seta] — погреб tap [taep] — кран купит новую машину.) — Не said that he w ould buy a new
cider I’saida) — сидр thing [ B it ) ] — вещь car. (Он говорил, что он купит новую машину.)
dreadful j’dredful] — ужасный throw [0rou] (threw, thrown) Не says that he will be reading his book the whole
full (ful] — полный — бросить evening. (Он говорит, что он будет читать книгу весь
ground [’ground] — земля turn [ta:n] — повернуть вечер.) — Не said that he w ould be reading his book the
jug [d3Ag] - кувшин upstairs pAp'stcDz] - наверху whole evening. (Он говорил, что он будет читать книгу
matter [’тадэ] — вопрос, дело weep [wi:p] — плакать весь вечер.)
set out [set out] — отправиться wooden [’wudn] — деревянный Не says that he w ill have already finished his work by
C f 11 3 ' • « o n o A M T t six. (Он говорит, что он уже закончит свою работу к
шести.) — Не said that he w ould have already finished his
work by six. (Он говорил, что он уже закончит свою
работу к шести.)
She says that I shall buy it. (Она говорит, что я куплю
это.) — She said that I should buy it. (Она говорила, что
я куплю это.)
242 Урок № 32 Future in the Past 243
она говорит по-польски. 9. Мы не знали, кто прин мы не опоздаем на поезд. 9. Он спросил меня, что я буду
торт. 10. Он спросил меня, куда я хочу поехать летом делать вечером. 10. Он сказал, что будет дома в семь.
11. Я не знал, что она приехала. Я думал, что она прие 11. Я знал, что твоя мама больна. 12. Она вышла замуж
дет только летом. 12. Мы надеялись, что поедем и за англичанина и сказала, что больше не приедет в Мос
Лондон. 13. Катя сказала, что она хочет подарить нам кву. 13. Я не думал, что вы все будете ждать меня.
вазу. 14. Мой друг сказал, что они ждали нас весь вечер. 14. Она сказала, что погода скоро изменится. 15. Том
15. Он сказал мне, что Аня дома. не заметил, что Сандра с кем-то разговаривает. 16. Они
не знали, что я в Барселоне. 17. Он не знал, что мы жи
Упражнение 33.3 ли вместе уже более десяти лет.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. Я был уверен, что ты не подведешь (let down) ме
ня. 2. Я боялась, что он устанет (get tired). 3. Они были Упражнение на повторение
уверены, что он обязательно купит ту новую машину.
4. Она сказала, что ананасы — его любимые фрукты. Упражнение 33.5
5. Я уверен, что он скоро уедет. 6. Мы думали, что вы
работаете в этом ресторане. 7. Я знал, что моя сестра Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
изучает французский язык, и думал, что она поедет в a) — Что ты собираешься делать завтра?
Париж. 8. Мои друзья сказали мне, что ты мне звонил. — Я уезжаю в Нью-Йорк.
9. Я думал, что ты в Пскове. 10. Я не знал, что ты уже — Из Москвы?
вернулся в Манчестер. 11. Он думал, что он не вернется — Нет, из Варшавы.
в США. 12. Она знала, что он ей не позвонит. 13. Катя — Странно. Не проще ли поехать из Москвы?
была уверена, что они пригласят ее на свадьбу. 14. Я не — Думаю, что нет. Билет из Варшавы стоит на
знал, что дети хотели кушать. 15. Он спросил, кто из много дешевле.
нас хочет есть. 16. В прошлом году они думали, что ни — Понятно.
когда не будут хорошо читать по-японски. 17. Моя ма
ма сказала, что ты ждал меня целый вечер. b) — Догадайся, что я только что сделал?
— Ты только что вошел в комнату.
— Хорошо. А кроме этого?
Упражнение 33.4
— Не имею понятия.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, i — Только не сердись. Я разбил твою любимую вазу.
— Молодец! Ничего лучшего я от тебя не ожидал.
1. Моя сестра сказала, что хочет развестись со своим
мужем. 2. Мы вчера узнали, что она уехала. 3. Она ду c) — Ты недавно вернулся из Канады?
мала, что он не поедет в Дублин. 4. Он спросил, где мы — Да, я провел там два года.
купили билеты. 5. Он хотел знать, что мы купили, но — Что тебе понравилось там?
мы сказали ему, что это не его дело. 6. Он сказал, что — Люди. Они очень гостеприимны. А еще, может
бросит курить. 7. Он сказал, что не знает, когда начнет быть, это покажется тебе странным, улицы. Они
ся фильм. 8. Она сказала, что если мы возьмем такси. очень чистые, и даже если ты в белых джинсах, ты
252 Урок № 33
Урок №
легко можешь сесть на асфальт, и они остан
чистыми, ну или почти чистыми.
О Слова к уроку
Упражнение 33.6
Прогитайте диалог. calm down [ka:m daun] — успо mix [miks] - смешивать
каивать postm an [poust maen] — почта
В посольстве clothes [klou5z] — одежда льон
deal [di:l] — иметь дело rep ea t [iTpiit] - повторять
— What is the purpose of your visit of the US? department [di pa:tmcnt] — от sick [sik] больной
— I would like to attend a conference in New York. I дел spare [speo] — свободный/за-
would like to learn more about some companies in the US. manage ['таиисЭД— справиться пасной
— When are you planning to arrive in the US?
— I will be there on the 4th of July.
— How much money are you going to spend during yo Прямая а косвенная речь
stay?
— One thousand dollars. A. При преобразовании повествовательных пред-
— When are you planning to come back? ложений из прямой речи в косвенную производятся
— I will be back on the 4th of August. следующие изменения:
— What hotel will you stay at? — может употребляться союз that;
— I think that will be the Holiday Inn. — изменяются времена глаголов в соответствии с пра
— Who is paying for your trip? вилами согласования времен;
— The company where I work. — изменяются местоимения в зависимости от смысла;
— How did you learn about the conference? — изменяются наречия места и времени:
— One of my friends advised me to attend it.
— How are you planning to get to the US? now на then ago на before
— By plane from Moscow. today на that day here на there
— Direct? tomorrow на the next day this на that
— No, I will get there via Frankfurt. yesterday на the daybefore these на those
— Have you ever been refused any visa to any country? last на the ... before next на the following
— No, I have never been refused any visa.
— Please, call after six and I will inform you of my de B. Для того чтобы правильно преобразовать предло
cision. жение из прямой речи в косвенную, необходимо внача
— Thanks. ле это сделать на русском языке, а затем перевести его
на английский язык, соблюдая правила грамматики.
П р и м е р N»1:
1) She said: «Не likes to eat apples».
Правильно переведем данное предложение на русский язык:
П и а r i/a o a n r лП и Ш Л^И Т К Х /Ш Я ТК в б я П К И » .
254 Урок № 34 Прямая и косвенная регъ 255
Упражнение 34.8 manding to shoot Mr. Epperly’s dog, Old Ranger, because
Образуйте вопросы, нагиная со слов в скобках. Old Ranger had fought and killed the mad dog that bit the
cow.
1. Не was waiting for his sister the whole evening. (Who?) Mr. Epperly loved Old Ranger and didn’t want to shoot
2. They will write to you as soon as they get there. (When?) his dog. So he wanted to know if it would be safe to lock Old
3. This ice cream tastes much better. (What?) Ranger in the stable or somewhere else and keep him there
4. She may ring us at six. (When?) until the danger period was over. But the neighbours said:
5. He does not like the Russian language. It is too dif No, Old Ranger must be shot. Mr. Epperly came up to me
ficult. (What?) and said:
6. My mother has been to England. (Where else?) «Joe, why can't you take him with you through the
7. My friends didn't like my new car. (What?) woods on your way home and do it?» I told Mr. Epperly I
8. This letter is too difficult to understand. (What?) didn't want to shoot Old Ranger. Then Mr. Epperly pulled
9. She is looking at you. (What?) one dollar from his pocket. «1 shall give you this dollar bill
10. She was upset. (Why?) if you do it,» he said.
11. You shouldn't mix these things together. (What?) I was silent. I had never yet had a one-dollar bill of my
12. He is good at cooking. (What?) own. Though I didn't like the idea of shooting Old Ranger,
13. I have never eaten a shark. (What?) the neighbours all asked me to do it, and pointed to the
14. She had been sleeping for five hours by the time we danger to Mr. Epperly's children. This made me feel like a
came. (How long?) kind of hero. Then Mr. Epperly put a leash round Old
Ranger's neck and I started with him. The Epperly children
began to cry.
Упражнение 34.9 As I walked through the woods by the little path, I
started to look for a place suitable to shoot the dog and
1. Прогитайте текст.
leave him there. I tied him to a tree and then got back up to
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, the path. Old Ranger looked at me and whined and wagged
выугите их.
his tail. He wanted to come up to me. I remembered that I
3. Прогитайте текст снова. always saw him in Mr. Epperly's yard when I was passing
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- there and Mr. Epperly’s children always joined me for school.
ную грамматику.
I went down and untied Old Ranger and walked on. I came
to another place. I led Old Ranger down and tied him close to
GOOD MORNING a big tree. I started to take aim at him. But Old Ranger
After М. Hager seemed very pleased. He thought I was going to shoot a
squirrel. I lowered the rifle. I couldn’t fool Old Ranger like
When I was a boy. I walked through miles of woods to that. Besides, there was too much light and Old Ranger could
get to our schoolhouse. I would take my father’s rifle with see me take aim. I decided to wait till it grew dark. It would
me and hide it in a hollow tree before I got to the school soon be dark and then Old Ranger would not see so clearly
house. I got it as I came home in the evening. One evening how I took aim. While I waited till it grew dark, the burning
coming from school I heard cries from Mr. Epperly's house. started in my pocket. I took the one-dollar bill out. I had a
Mr. Epperly's cow got mad. All the neighbours were de feeling there was something nasty about it.
260 Урок № 34 Прямая и косвенная регь 261
The dog began to bark. When I looked back I saw Mr. fence [fens] - забор pocket fpokit] — карман
Epperly’s three kids, but they were running away. They fire [Таю] — огонь, выстре point [point] — указывать
started running when Old Ranger barked. I understood that лить rifle [’raifl] — винтовка
they had slipped out of their house and followed us. Then fool [fu:l] — дурак, одурачить safe [seif] — безопасный
it struck me that they would run back to their house and tell gate [gcit] — калитка shot [Jot] — выстрел
everybody I had not shot Old Ranger yet, and I took aim. I hero [Ъюгои] — герой silent j'saibnt] — молчаливый
thought I had better fire at once. I wanted the kids to hear hollow ['holou] - дупло sneer [ snio] — насмешка
the shot. I took aim at Old Ranger, but I could not pull the hug [Ьдд] — обнять squirrel ['skwirol] — белка
trigger the way he looked at me and tried to speak. So I fired kid [kid] — ребенок stable [’steibl] — конюшня
in the air so that the Epperly kids could say they had heard kind o f [kaind sv] — что-то suitable [’sjurtebl] — подходя
the shot. вроде щий
I put the dollar back in my pocket, went down and leash [li:J] — поводок tail [’teil] — хвост
hugged Old Ranger around the neck. I knew I would never lock [lok] — замок, замыкать trigger [’trigs] — спусковой
shoot Old Ranger. I took him by the leash and walked on. lower [bus] — опускать вниз курок
Soon I got to our house. I climbed on the gate and sat a long mad [maxi] — сумашедший untie [An'tai] — отвязать,
time thinking. I didn't know how to explain to my mother nasty [naisti] — отвратитель развязать
why I had brought Old Ranger home with me. I remembered ный, гадкий wag [waeg] — махать
where I had seen an empty bottle near the path. It was still neck [nek] — шея whine [wain] — скулить
there, and I took it and put the one-dollar bill in it. Then I neighbour ['neibd] - сосед woods [wud] — лес
buried the bottle under the fence. path [pa:0 ] — тропинка yard [ja:d] — двор
My mother decided that since I had fired the shot, she
would let me keep Old Ranger in our stable for a month.
The Epperly family and their neighbours would think the
dog was dead.
That was the hardest month I ever spent. The Epperly
kids did not walk with me to school. They would start
crying when they saw me. And the other kids down at
school house would say with a sneer:
«What did you buy with your dollar bill?»
I could not answer.
Z-1AТематический словарь
aim [eim] - цель, целиться burning [Ъэ:п1и] - жжение
bark [ba:k] — лаять bury [Ъеп] — хоронить,
be over [bi: 'ouvo] — закон зарывать
читься danger ['deind3s] — опасность
bite (bit, bitten) [bait] — dead [ded] — мертвый
кусать explain [iks'plem] — объяснять
I -~ в ш
П р и м е р № 1:
Active Passive В. Дополнение с предлогом by в страдательном зало
Simple ге часто опускается, если оно выражено личным место
They build shops. — S hops are built. имением.
They b u ilt shops. — S hops were built.
They w ill build shops. — S hops will be built. Ср а в н и т е :
Continuous Не broke the vase. — The vase was broken (by him). —
They are bu ild in g shops. — S hops are being built.
They w ere bu ild in g shops. — S hops were being built.
Вазу разбили.
My brother broke the vase. - The vase was broken by my
They w ill be building shops. — He образуется.
brother. — Ваза была разбита моим братом.
264 Урок № 35 Passive Voice 265
14. Меня еще не пригласили на день рождения. 15. Мою ют в Москве. 16. Нам всегда дают кофе утром. 17. Его
машину нужно отремонтировать. часто приглашают в ресторан.
Е. Сочетания существительных с предлогами with и Упражнение 35.6
by соответствуют русскому творительному падежу.
With обозначает орудие (чем произведено действие). Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
By обозначает действующее лицо (кто совершил дей 1. Когда я вернусь домой, все мои вещи будут упако
ствие). ваны моей мамой. 2. Мою маму часто посылают в Лон
дон. 3. Он подумал, что чемодан был упакован моей се
Упражнение 35.4 строй. 4. Цветы будут посажены бабушкой. 5. Мой но
мер телефона всегда забывают. 6. Она была послана
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. фирмой учиться в Барселону два года назад. 7. Она ска
1. Нас всегда приглашали на день рождения. 2. Вче зала, что картина была нарисована карандашом. 8. Ког
ра по телевизору показали интересный фильм. 3. Зав да принесут газеты? — Их принесут только вечером.
тра меня накажут. 4. Летом Анну отвезут в Чикаго. 9. Нас спросили, преподают ли итальянский язык в
5. Каждую субботу ей показывают новый фильм. 6. К нашей школе. 10. Мои вещи будут упакованы позже.
нему часто приходили? 7. Завтра меня подвезут (give а 11. Он спрашивает нас, хорошо ли мы долетели. 12. Она
lift). 8. Завтрак только что был приготовлен моей ма спрашивает нас, почему мы не купили торт. 13. Катю
мой. 9. Мой папа говорил, что дом будет построен к позвали домой. 14. Нас спросили, как долго мы будем
сентябрю. 10. Он сказал, что пиццу привезут через де обедать. 15. Моя сестра думала, что ее сумки будут
сять минут. 11. Мы не знали, почему его обидели. доставлены через 3 часа.
12. Меня всегда узнают. 13. Какие фрукты были куп
лены на рынке? 14. Где он был? Его искали. 15. Обо
мне много говорят на работе. 16. Чем его убили? Упражнение 35.7
17. Что ему рассказали? 1. Прогитайте текст.
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь,
Упражнение 35.5 выугите их.
3. Прогитайте текст снова.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. 4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
1. Они скоро получат мой подарок. 2. Эта машина ную грамматику.
будет куплена завтра. 3. Этот магазин сейчас строят.
4. Их научат читать. 5. К семи часам нас привезли THE LUNCH
домой. 6. Мне дадут почитать эту книгу. 7. Этот дом
еще строится. 8. Он сказал, что когда я приду домой, After Somerset Maugham
обед будет готовиться. 9. Меня воспитал дядя. 10. Нас I caught sight of her at the play and in answer to her
снова пригласили на обед. 11. Эти журналы только что beckoning I went over during the interval and sat down near
прочитали. 12. На вокзале меня встретили. 13. На меня her. It was long since I had last seen her. She addressed me
смотрят. 14. Многое забудется. 15. Нас часто вспомина brightly:
268 YpoK № 35 Passive Voice 269
«Well, it's many years since we first met. How time does «My doctor won't let me drink anything but champagne.»
fly! Do you remember the first time I saw you? You asked me I ordered half a bottle and said that my doctor had
to lunch.» absolutely forbidden me to drink champagne.
Did I remember? It was twenty years ago and I was living She ate the caviar and she ate the salmon. She talked gaily
in Paris. I had a small apartment in the Latin Quarter of art, and literature, and music, but I wondered what the bill
overlooking a cemetery and I was earning hardly enough would come to. When my mutton chop arrived she asked: «1
money to keep body and soul together. She had read a book see that you like to eat a heavy lunch. I am sure it is a mistake.
of mine and had written to me about it. I answered and Why don't you follow my example and just eat one thing?»
thanked her and soon I received from her another letter «1 am only going to eat one thing,» I said as the waiter
saying that she was passing through Paris and would like to came again with the bill.
have a chat with me; but her time was limited and the only She waved him over.
free moment she had was on the following Thursday; she «No, no, I never eat anything more, unless they have
was spending the morning at the Luxemburg and I would some of those giant asparagus. I should be sorry to leave
give her a little lunch at Foyot's afterwards. Paris without having one of them.»
I answered that I would meet my friend at Foyot's on My heart sank. I had seen them in the shops and I knew
Thursday at half past twelve. She was not so young as I had that they were horribly expensive.
expected. She seemed inclined to talk about me and 1 «Madame wants to know if you have any of those giant
wanted to be an attentive listener. asparagus,» I asked the waiter. I tried with all my heart to
I was shocked when the menu was brought, the prices make him say no. A happy smile spread over his face, and he
were much higher that I had thought. But she reassured me. assured me that they had some so large, so splendid, so
«1 never eat anything for lunch,» she said. «1 never eat more tender, that it was a marvel. I ordered them. We waited for
than one thing. A little fish, perhaps. I wonder if they have the asparagus to be cooked. Panic seized me. It was not a
any salmon.» question now how much money I should leave over for the
Well, it was early in the year for salmon and it was not on rest of the month, but whether I had enough to pay the bill.
the menu, but I asked the waiter if there was any. Yes, a The asparagus appeared. They were big and appetizing. I
beautiful salmon had just come in, it was the first they had watched her eating them and in my polite way I talked about
had. I ordered it for my guest. The waiter asked her if she the condition of the drama in the Balkans. At last she
would have something while it was being cooked. finished.
«No,» she answered, «1 never eat more than one thing. «Coffee?» I asked.
Unless you have a little caviar. I like caviar.» «Yes, just an ice-cream and coffee,» she answered.
My heart sank a little. I knew I could not afford caviar, I ordered coffee for myself and an ice-cream and coffee
but I could not tell her that. I told the waiter to bring caviar. for her. While we were waiting for the coffee, the headwaiter
For myself I chose the cheapest dish on the menu and that came up to us bearing a large basket full of huge peaches.
was a mutton chop. Then came the question of drink. «You see,» she said, «you have filled your stomach with
«1 never drink anything for lunch,» she said. a lot of meat and you can't eat anymore. But I've just had a
«Me too,» I answered quickly. snack and I shall enjoy a peach.»
«Except white wine,» she continued. «These French wines The bill came and when I paid it I found that I had only
are so light. They are wonderful for the digestion.» enough for a quite inadequate tip. When I walked out of the
«What would you like?» I asked.
She gave me a bright flash of her white teeth.
270 Урок № 35
Урок Ns 36
restaurant. I had the whole month before me and not a
penny in my pocket.
«Follow my example,» she said as we shook hands, «and
never eat more than one thing for lunch.» О Слова к уроку
«I'll do better than that,» I said. «I'll eat nothing for
dinner tonight!» вздрогнуть — wince [wins] куртка — jacket [vd3 sekit]
«Humorist!» she cried gaily, jumping into a cab. «You are извиниться - say sorry, лизать — lick [lik]
quite a humorist.» apologize [s'pDlsd3 aiz] переодеться — change [tjeid 3 ]
колено — knee [ni:] побледнеть — pale [peil]
корзина — basket [’baiskit] правда — the truth [дэ truO]
Z-u-X Тематический словарь
корова — cow [kau]
address - обращ аться [s’dres] giant — [’d 3 aiontj гигант,
afford — позволять [s’fo:d] гигантский
afterwards [’a:fbwodz] — после have a snack [haev э snaek] —
Complex Object
apartment [s’paitmont] — квар перекусить Сложное дополнение
тира inclined [ink’laind] — склон
appetizing [aspitaizin] — аппе ный А. После таких глаголов как to want (хотеть), to ex
титный interval [’intsvsl] — перерыв pect (ожидать), to consider (рассматривать), to wish
art [art) — искусство limit [’limit] — лимит, огани- (желать), to prefer (предпочитать), to know (знать), to
asparagus — спаржа чение, ограничивать ask (спрашивать), should (would) like (хотеть, же
assure [o’jus] — заверить listener [’lissns] — слушатель лать) — инфинитив употребляется с частицей to.
attractive [a'traektiv] — при marvel [ma:vl] — чудо
П рим ер:
влекательный menu [’menju:] — меню
I kn o w him to be a g o o d student. — Я з н а ю , что он х о р о ш и й
beckoning [Ъскэшг)] — к и в о к mistake [mis’teik] — ош ибка
студент.
bill [bil] ~ счет mutton chop [niAtn t/эр] — I like т у m oth er to te ll me d iffe re n t s to rie s . — Я л ю б л ю , к о гд а
body [’bsdi] — тело котлета из баранины моя мама р а сска зы в а е т мне р а зн ы е и сто ри и .
but [bAt] — кроме polite [ps'lait] — вежливый I d o n ’t lik e т у m oth er to te ll me d iffe re n t s to rie s . — Я не л ю б л ю ,
caviar ['kaevia:] — икра salmon [’salmon] — лосось к о гд а м оя м ам а ра сска зы в а ет м не р а з н ы е и сто ри и .
cemetery [’semitri] — клад shock [/эк] - шок, ш оки I w a n t y o u to come. — Я хо ч у, ч то б ы ты приш ел .
бище ровать Не a ske d те to do it. — О н п о п р о с и л меня сделать это.
chat [tjast] — разговор, sink [sn)k] — тонуть They expected us to come. — Они ожидали, что мы придем.
разговаривать, болтать soul [soul] — душа
chop [t/эр] — котлета splendid [’splendid] — велико Упражнение 36.1
digestion [di'd 3 estjn] — лепный
пищеварение stomach ['sUim k] — желудок Переведите следующие предложения по образцу, употреб
flash [Пж/j — вспышка tender [’tends] — нежный ляя сложное дополнение.
forbidden [fo'bidn] — запрет tip [tip] — чаевые Пример:
ный unless [An'les] - если не Она не хочет, чтобы я звонил ей. — She does not want me to call her.
gaily [ geili] — радостно wave [wciv] — махать Он хочет, чтобы я сделал это. — Не wants me to do it.
272 Урок Ns 36 Complex Object 273
1. Они не хотели, чтобы он уехал в Лондон. 2. Я бы Он терпеть не может, когда она говорит такие глупые вещи. —
не хотел, чтобы вы потеряли ключ. 3. Моя мама хочет, Не hates her to say such silly things.
чтобы я был переводчиком. 4. Мы хотим, чтобы вы
рассказали нам об этом. 5. Вам бы хотелось, чтобы он 1. Она не любит, когда я прихожу так поздно. 2. Ей
поехал в Берлин сегодня? 6. Я хочу, чтобы она прочита не нравится, когда мы говорим о ее муже. 3. Им не
ла этот журнал. 7. Она хочет, чтобы вы приехали к нам нравилось, когда мы разговаривали так громко. 4. Она
после семи. 8. Она не хотела, чтобы ее сын гулял так не любит, когда я звоню ей после 10 часов вечера.
долго. 9. Мы хотели, чтобы вы пригласили его. 5. Моя мама любит, когда мы задаем ей много вопро
сов. 6. Я терпеть не могу, когда ты задаешь такие
Упражнение 36.2 глупые вопросы. 7. Бабушка любит, когда ее внучка
помогает ей по дому. 8. Моя мама любит, когда я по
Переведите следующие предложения по образцу, употреб лучаю хорошие отметки в школе. 9. Родители любят,
ляя сложное дополнение.
когда дети слушаются (obey). 10. Он терпеть не мог,
Пример: когда люди забывали о своих обязанностях. 11. Она
Он рассчитывает, что вы позвоните ему. — Не expects you to терпеть не может, когда ее муж так много курит.
ring him. 12. Мне нравится, когда моя мама готовит мне ужин.
Я знаю, что она хорошая девушка. — I know her to be a good girl. 13. Она терпеть не может, когда мой кот царапает
1. Он ожидал, что его девушка позвонит ему сегодня. (scratch) ее. 14. Я люблю, когда моя бабушка печет
2. Никто не ожидал, что она расскажет нам о своих мне пирожки.
проблемах. 3. Я хочу, чтобы ты поступил в институт.
4. Он не хотел, чтобы она поехала в Чикаго без него. В. После глаголов, выражающих физическое воспри
5. Они думают, что я хорошо знаю город. 6. Я не хотел, ятие, например: to see (видеть), to watch (наблюдать),
чтобы они беспокоились о таких вещах. 7. Она думает, to notice (замечать), to hear (слышать), to feel (чув
что этот артист не приедет к ним в город. 8. Я хотел, ствовать) и др., в конструкции «сложное дополнение»
чтобы он сказал правду. 9. Мы рассчитывали, что ты вторая часть выражается инфинитивом глагола без
присмотришь за нашим котом. 10. Я не хочу, чтобы ты частицы to или причастием I (глагол + ing, например:
думал обо мне плохо. 11. Я не хочу, чтобы вы подарили swimming). На русский язык сложное дополнение после
ей подарок без меня. 12. Он не хочет, чтобы они над этих глаголов переводится дополнительным придаточ
ним смеялись. 13. Мы не ожидали, что фильм закон ным предложением с союзами как или гто\
чится так скоро. 14. Они хотели, чтобы она рассказала,
что случилось. I saw him cross the street. — Я видел, как он перешел
улицу.
Упражнение 36.3 I saw him crossing the street. — Я видел, как он
переходил улицу.
Переведите следующие предложения по образцу, употреб
ляя сложное дополнение. Не felt someone touch his hand. — Он почувствовал,
Пример: что кто-то коснулся его руки.
Он любит, когда она говорит на английском. — Не likes her to Не felt someone touching his hand. — Он почувство
speak English. вал, что кто-то касается его руки.
274 Урок № 36 Complex Object 275
ет. 9. Я не люблю, когда она кричит на меня. 10. Почи 10. Он ожидал, что Лондон произведет на нас впечатле
ни свой магнитофон. 11. Она заставила меня извинить ние. 11. Он хотел, чтобы курицу пожарили. 12. Когда
ся. 12. Ваша дочь уже сшила новое платье? 13. Я не ты подстрижешься?
выношу, когда кто-то громко кричит. 14. Вы хотите,
чтобы ваш торт доставили прямо сейчас? 15. Подстри Упражнение 36.13
гись. 16. Помой пол. 17. Хотите, чтобы вашу пиццу Образуйте вопросы, нагиная со слов, данных в скобках.
подогрели? 18. Хотите, чтобы вашу машину припарко
1. Не is easy to deal with. (Who?)
вали? 19. Я не ожидал, что ты купишь такую дорогую 2. She has been speaking on the phone for more than
машину. 20. Когда ты сшила новое пальто?
three hours. (Who?)
3. She was making tea when her brother came home.
Упражнение 36.11
(What?)
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя сложное до 4. We will go to Moscow in September. (Where?)
полнение. 5. They were good doctors. (Who?)
6. He has just had dinner. (When?)
1. Я часто слышала, как они говорили о нас. 2. Ему 7. He heard him singing yesterday. (When?)
нравится, когда его дочь готовит. 3. Он наблюдал за 8. We have been invited to the party. (Who?)
тем, как его жена убирает комнату. 4. Я никогда не ви 9. There was something unusual about this person. (What?)
дел, чтобы моя собака укусила кого-нибудь. 5. Ты зна 10. She won't call him ever again. (When?)
ешь, что его родители помогают ему делать уроки? 11. I couldn't lift that heavy box. (What?)
6. Вы хотите, чтобы я рассказал им правду? 7. Я видела, 12. We bought this dress at the market. (Where?)
что он торопится. 8. Мы знали, что вы хороший бармен.
9. Не люблю, когда говорят обо мне. 10. Он не знал, что 13. You are being called. (Who?)
14. My friend saw you crossing the street yesterday. (Who?)
она готовит обед в это время. 11. Это заставило меня
извиниться. 12. Когда вам починили машину? 13. Что
заставило его сказать все это? 14. Моя дочь любит, ког
да ее хвалят. 15. Полей цветы сейчас же. Упражнение 36.14
1. Прогитайте текст.
Упражнение 36.12 2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь,
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя сложное до выугите их.
полнение. 3. Прогитайте текст снова.
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген-
1. Он не хочет, чтобы ты ему снова звонил. 2. Брат ную грамматику.
хочет, чтобы письмо отправили сегодня. 3. Мы ожида
ем, что этот заказ пришлют через два-три дня. 4. Мы
никогда не видели, чтобы наш кот прыгал на обеденный THE OPEN WINDOW
стол. 5. Я видел, как он выходил из японского рестора After H. Munro
на со своим другом. 6. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы моя со
«Му aunt will come down in a few minutes, Mr. Nuttel,»
бака слушалась (obey) меня. 7. Он не заставит меня вер
said a girl of fifteen, showing him into the sitting room. Mr.
нуться. 8. Я слышал, как они говорили о моем любимом
городе. 9. Никто никогда не видел, как она плачет. Nuttel was a young painter who had recently had a nervous
/
280 YpoK № 36 Complex Object 281
breakdown. The doctors had told him that he should go away you all over again how they went out —her husband and her
for a holiday. They warned him, however, against crowded youngest brother, singing a song “Why don't you come?"...
resorts and recommended a complete rest in a quiet country You know, sometimes, on quiet evenings like this, I almost
place. So here he was, in a little village, with letters ot get a feeling that they will all walk in through that window,
introduction from his sister to some of the people she knew. and the whole family will be gathered in here again.» The
«Some of the people there are quite nice,» his sister had young girl finished her sad story. There was a long pause,
said to him. «1 advise you to call on Mrs. Sappleton as soon and Mr. Nuttel was glad when Mrs. Sappleton at last en
as you arrive.» tered the room.
«Do you know many of the people round here?» asked «I'm sorry I'm late,» she said, «but I hope my niece has
the girl when they were sitting comfortably on the sofa. entertained you well.»
«No, I'm afraid I don't,» answered Mr. Nuttel. «I've «Yes, she’s been very amusing,» said Mr. Nuttel.
never been here before. My sister stayed here four years ago, «Do you mind the open window?» asked Mrs. Sappleton.
you know, and she gave me letters of introduction to some «My husband and brothers will soon be home from shoot
of the people here.» ing and they always come into the house this way.» And she
«Then you know nothing about my aunt, do you?» asked went on speaking gaily about shooting. After what Mr.
the girl. Nuttel had just heard, he looked worried.
«Only her name and address,» said the visitor. «The doctors told me,» he said, trying to change the
«Her great tragedy happened just three years ago,» said subject, «to have a rest here and to avoid anything that
the child. would make me feel nervous.»
«Her tragedy?» asked Mr. Nuttel. «Did they?» said Mrs. Sappleton in a voice which showed
«You may wonder why we keep that window wide open that she was not at all interested in what Mr. Nuttel was
on an October afternoon,» went on the girl, pointing to a saying. She never took her eyes off the open window and
large French window. «It's quite warm for this time of year,» suddenly cried out:
said Mr. Nuttel. «But has that window anything to do with «Here they are at last! Just in time for tea. How tired they
the tragedy?» look!» .
«Exactly three years ago my aunt's husband and her two Mr. Nuttel looked at the girl and saw that she was
young brothers walked out through that window. They wenl looking out through the open window with horror in her
shooting and never came back. When they were crossing the eyes. Mr. Nuttel turned round slowly in his seat, looked in
river their boat probably turned over and they were all the same direction and saw three figures walking across the
drowned. Their bodies were never found. That was the most garden towards the window. They all carried guns and one
horrible part of the tragedy.» Here the girl stopped. There of them had a coat over his shoulder. A tired brown dog was
were tears in her eyes and she drew a handkerchief out of following them. Noiselessly they approached the house, and
her pocket. «Three years have passed, but my poor aunt still then a young voice began to sing. «Bertie, why don't you
thinks that they will come back some day, they and the little come?»
brown dog that was drowned with them, and walk in through Mr. Nuttel seized his hat and ran out of the house like
that window just as they always did. That is why the window mad.
is kept open every evening till it's quite dark. Poor dear «Here we are, my dear,» said Mrs. Sappleton's husband,
aunt, she can't understand that they’ve left forever. She's coming in through the window. «We've enjoyed ourselves
growing worse day by day, so let me give you some advice. very much. I wonder what made that gentleman run out so
Don't be surprised at anything she says, she will start telling quickly when we came up? Who is he?»
282 Урок № 36
Урок № 37
«A very strange young man, called Nuttel. He could only
talk about his illness. He didn’t say a single interestin
thing. I don’t understand why he ran out that way and di
not say good-bye,» said his wife.
«1 think it was the dog,» said the niece calmly. «He tol Формы инфинитива
me that he was afraid of dogs. Once when he was attacked
by a pack of dogs somewhere in India, he was so frightene
that he started running like mad, and finding himself in a Инфинитив — это неопределенная форма глагола,
cemetery, climbed down into a newly-dug grave, where he признаком которой является частица Ьо.
had to spend the night. Since then he has always been afraid
of dogs.» Проанализируйте возможные формы образования инфини
She was very good at inventing stories and did it artisti тива:
cally.
Active
Не is glad to read this book. - Он рад прочитать эту
книгу.
Z-lA Тематический словарь Не is glad to be reading this book now. — Он рад, что
читает эту книгу сейчас.
artistically [a.'tistikoli] — nervous breakdown — Не is glad to have already read this book. - Он рад,
артистично ['nsivDS ’brcikdaun] нер
avoid [s’void] — избегать
что уже прочитал эту книгу.
вное расстройство Не is glad to have already been reading this book for
complete [kom’pli:t] — полный pause [po:z] — пауза three hours. — Он рад, что читает эту книгу уже более
crowded [’kraudid] — пере resort [ri'zo.t] — курорт
полнений
трех часов.
sad [saed] — грустный
drown ['draun] — утонуть shooting I'juitiT)] — охота Не was glad to read this book. — Он был рад прочи
frighten [’fraitn] — испугать shoulder J'jouldo] — плечо
grave [’greiv] — могила
тать эту книгу.
show somebody in — провес Не was glad to be reading this book the whole evening.
illness ['ilnis] — болезнь ти (в комнату) — Он был рад, что читал эту книгу весь вечер.
inventing [in'ventig] — изо tear ['tia] — слеза Не was glad to have already read this book. — Он был
бретательный tragedy [’traed3 idi] — трагедия рад, что уже прочитал эту книгу.
warn [wDin] — предупреждать Не was glad to have already been reading this book for
three hours. — Он был рад, что читал эту книгу уже
более трех часов.
«Inspect my books?» he asked. «Now? In the middle of As the manager’s post in Perpignan Branch was still
the month? It's a bit unusual, isn't it?» vacant he offered it to Floriot.
The inspector, who felt sorry for the cashier, tried to calm «No one can doubt your honesty now, can they?» he
him and said that there was nothing unusual about it as they added with a kind smile.
did it at all their branches from time to time. Back at his home in Perpignan Floriot said to his wife in
Everything was in perfect order, not a single sum missing a good-humoured tone: «I could be a cashier for years and
at the Perpignan Branch. the people at the head office would never have known how
On learning the results of the inspection, the President honest I was.»
said: «We really should not pay any attention to anonymous «Yes,» said his wife smiling, «those letters were a won
letter-writers.» derful idea of yours.»
But a month later the President again summoned his
secretary and told him that he had got another anonymous 1 Тематический словарь
letter to the following effect: the books had not been prop order [’o:dD] — порядок
act [aektj - работать, действо
erly examined, they should go into the matter more thor вать owe [ou] — быть должным
oughly. amazement [a'meizmont] — pay attention — уделять
«Do we have to make another investigation?» asked the удивление, изумление внимание
secretary. anonymous [э’пэштэя] — properly [’propoli] — надлежа
анонимный щим образом
«Yes,» answered the President, «it is our duty we owe to reputation [,repju:'teijn] —
bankrupt pbaenkropt] —банкрот
our clients. Suppose there is something in it and people will branch [bra:ntj] — филиал репутация
find out that we were warned, there'll be a nasty scandal. calm [ka:m] — успокоить, resign [ri’zam ] — уходить в
The only thing to do is to send there another inspector and спокойный отставку
ask him to do the job in no hurry.» carry out [’kicri] — проводить responsibility [ns,pons3’biliti]
The inspector carried out a thorough investigation of Mr. cashier [kae'Jio] — кассир — ответственность
cause [ko:z] — вызывать ruin [ruin] - разрушить,
Floriot’s accounts. During the several hours of the inspec doubt [daut] - сомнение, уничтожить
tion the poor little cashier looked quite upset. сомневаться savings [ ’s c i v i t j z ] — сбереже
And again nothing was missing. On arriving in Paris the embezzle [im'bezl] — растратить ния
inspector said to the President: «1 wished things were as examine — исследовать, sheet [Ji:t] — лист
good in all our branches as they are in Perpignan.» рассматривать sign [sain] — подписать
band [hsend] — рука sum [sAm] — сумма
A week later Floriot came to Paris and handed in his tactful [’taektful] - тактичный
hard-earned [,ha:d’o:nd] —
resignation. тяжело заработанный summon ['sAman] — вызывать
«What's that? Your resignation?» asked the President. honesty [’ornasti] — честность temporarily [’tempararili] —
«You can't mean that, my dear Floriot!» horrified [’horifaid] — ужаса временно
«You found it necessary to have my books examined ющий thoroughly [’ЭлгэЬ] - тща
twice,» said Floriot, «it caused a lot of talk. My reputation inspect [in’spekt] - инспекти тельно
ровать tidy [’taidi] — чистый, акку
is ruined and I have to resign.» investigation [in.vesti’gcijn] — ратный, значительный
The President was deeply touched and he promised: расследование tone [tounl — тон
«Don't let that worry you. I'll make it my personal line [lain] - строчка touch [tAtJ] — дотрагиваться
responsibility to see that your name is cleared.» miss [mis] - пропускать, vacant [’vcikontj — свободный
упускать warn [worn] — предостерегать
Complex Subject 291
This film was said to be the best. — Говорили, что этот тают много новых книг. 5. Говорят, что метро в Лондоне
фильм самый лучший. самое старое. 6. Думают, что он говорит на нескольких
This film was know n to be the best. — Было известно, языках. 7. Видели, как он снял пальто. 8. Известно, что
что этот фильм самый лучший. они уехали в Копенгаген. 9. Известно, что этот доктор
This film was announced to be the best. — Объявили, работал в больнице, поэтому он не мог быть в том месте
что этот фильм самый лучший. вчера. 10. Часто видят, что она ходит в этот магазин за
This film was fo u n d to be the best. — Нашли, что этот покупками. 11. Часто видели, что она ходит за покупка
фильм самый лучший. ми. 12. Говорят, что она ходила в этот магазин вчера.
This film was seen to be the- best. — Видели, что этот 13. Говорили, что она ходила в магазин. 14. Говорят,
фильм самый лучший. что она хороший переводчик.
This film was thought to be the best. - Думали, что
этот фильм самый лучший.
С. Следующие глаголы в предложениях, содержащих
Complex Subject, употребляются в Active Voice: to seem,
Упражнение 38.1
to appear, to tu rn out, to happen.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
We happened to meet in London. — Мы случайно
1. Известно, что он покупает много машин. встретились в Лондоне.
2. Было известно, что он покупает много машин. She turned out to be a clever girl. — Она оказалась
3. Будет известно, что он покупает много машин. умной девушкой.
4. Известно, что он покупал много машин. Не seems to know about it. — Он. кажется, знает об
5. Было известно, что он покупал много машин. этом.
6. Известно, что он покупает еще одну машину прямо The book appeared to be interesting. — Книга оказа
сейчас. лась интересной.
7. Было известно, что вчера в это время он покупал
машину.
8. Известно, что ему купили машину. Проанализируйте употребление Complex Subject в следую
9. Было известно, что ему купили машину. щих предложениях:
10. Было известно, что ему покупают машины.
11. Будет известно, что ему купили машину. Active
12. Известно, что ему покупают машины. Не seems to read a lot of books. — Он, кажется, читает
много книг.
Не seems to be reading his book now. — Кажется, он
Упражнение 38.2 читает свою книгу сейчас.
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. Не seems to have read a lot of books. — Кажется, он
прочитал много книг.
1. Знают, что Анна честная девушка. 2. Ожидали, что Не seems to have already been reading this book for
Саша приедет в субботу. 3. Предполагали, что они оста two hours. - Кажется, он читает эту книгу уже более
новились в гостинице. 4. Ожидается, что скоро напеча двух часов.
294 Урок № 38 Complex Subject 295
Не seemed to read a lot of books. — Казалось, что он Обратите внимание на образование отрица
читает много книг. ния:
Не seemed to be reading his book yesterday at 5. -
Казалось, что он читал свою книгу вчера в пять. Не doesn t seem to read a lot of books, или He seems
Не seemed to have read a lot of books. - Казалось, not to read a lot of books.
что он прочитал много книг. She didn t turn out to be a good doctor, или She
Не seemed to have already been reading this book for turned out not to be a good doctor.
two hours. — Казалось, что он уже читал эту книгу более She doesn t seem to know hint, или She seems not to
двух часов. know him.
We didn t happen to know each other, или We
Не will seem to read a lot of books. — Покажется, что | happened not to know each other.
он читает много книг.
He will seem to be reading his book. — Покажется, что I
Упражнение 38.3
он читает свою книгу.
He will seem to have read a lot of books. — Покажется, Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
что он прочитал много книг. 1. Говорят, что это здание очень старое. 2. Известно,
Не will seem to have already been reading this book for что эта церковь была построена в 1817 году. 3. Пред
two hours. — Покажется, что он читает эту книгу уже полагают, что она приедет в десять часов. 4. Полагают,
более двух часов. что они знают об этом больше, чем хотят показать.
5. Саша оказался храбрым мальчиком. 6. Анна случай
но встретила Сандру. 7. Говорят, что он работает над
своей книгой уже несколько лет. 8. Говорят, что эта
Passive книга переведена на многие языки. 9. Вы, кажется,
знаете, о чем я говорю. 10. Как известно, он был
Не seems to be much spoken about too. — Кажется, о замечательным человеком. 11. Никак не ожидали, что
нем тоже много говорят. холодная погода наступит так рано. 12. Оказалось, что
Не seems to have been invited too. — Кажется, его билеты были очень дорогими. 13. Предполагают, что
тоже пригласили. машину разбили вчера. 14. Как известно, она жила в
течение нескольких лет в Петербурге. 15. Ваш друг,
Не seemed to be much spoken about too. — Казалось, кажется, очень интересуется компьютерами. 16. Изве
что о нем много говорят. стно, что английский язык является сейчас самым по
Не seemed to have been invited too. — Казалось, что пулярным. 17. Полагают, что эта книга была написана
его пригласили тоже. в 1911 году. 18. Полагают, что погода изменится.
19. Говорят, что этот фильм был очень интересным.
Не will seem to be much spoken about too. — Пока 20. Я случайно знаю его номер телефона. 21. Он ока
жется, что о нем тоже много говорят. зался хорошим другом. 22. Он, кажется, пишет но
Не will seem to have been invited too. — Покажется, j вую статью и он, кажется, пишет ее вместе с Катей.
что его тоже пригласили. 23. Я случайно встретил его в Москве.
296 Урок № 38 Complex Subject 297
When you see her walking along the street, you have to step \ Тематический словарь
on her dress. When she turns round, speak to her.»
The lad thanked her, and did this. He went out, saw the bow ['bau] — кланяться judge [d3 Ad3 ] - судья
lady and stepped on the edge of her gown. At once she dream [dri:m] — сон lad [lied] — парень
turned round. edge [ed3] — край oatcakes ['out'keiks] — лепешки
«1 beg your pardon,» he said, bowing. fault [fa: It] — вина search [sa:tj] — искать
«It was not your fault,» she said, «the dress is too long. gown [gaun] — мантия, платье seed [si:d] — семя
You are a stranger here. Will you not come and have dinner
with us?»
As they had dinner, he told her his story, and how he had
seen her in a dream, and searched for her ever since.
«1 saw you in a dream on the same night,» she said.
«Will you marry me?» he said.
«Come back here in a year and a day. In this city the
Judge, my father, must put my hand in yours before we can
marry.»
So the lad returned to Scotland and told his father all
that had happened.
In a year his father gave him some good oatcakes and he
went to London.
On the road he met an Englishman.
«What will you do in London?» asked the Englishman.
«When I was there last, I planted a seed in a street, and
I'm going back to see how it is growing,» said the lad. «If it
is ripe. I'll take it with me; if not, I'll leave it.»
«Well,» said the Englishman, «that's a stupid thing to do.
As for me. I'm going to marry the London Judge’s only
daughter.»
They walked on together. At last the Englishman felt
hungry. He had no food with him, and there was no house
near. So he turned to the lad.
«Will you give me some of your food?»
«1 have only oatcakes,» said the lad, «but I can give you
some. If I were a gentleman like you, I should never travel
without my mother.»
«What a foolish idea!» said the Englishman, but he took
an oatcake and ate it. Then they went on their way.
(To be continued)
Герундий 301
Урок N
39 Герундий как обстоятельство может употребляется
после таких слов как: besides, before, by, after, without,
о Слова к уроку instead o f
He called her without h e s i t a t i n g .
администрация президента —
Before going to Scotland, he thought twice.
молоток — hammer [Ъагшэ]
presidential administ морг — morgue [mo:g]
ration [.prezi'denjal ножницы - scissors [’srzaz] Временные ф ормы герундия:
Dd.minis'treijon) олень — deer [dio]
вечеринка - party [*pa:ti] поднимать - pick up [pik др] Active Passive
винт - screw [skru:] прачечная — laundry ['b:ndn]
гвоздь, ноготь — nail [ncil]
Simple doing being done
раздражать, надоедать — Perfect having done having been done
доклад - report [n'pttt] annoy [o’noi]
душа - soul [soul] священник — priest [pri.st]
зубной врач - dentist
He likes telling stories. — Ему нравится рассказывать
тигр — tiger ['taiga]
концентрироваться — con истории.
токарь — turner [Ъ:пз] Не likes being told stories. — Ему нравится, когда ему
centrate трубка — receiver [n'siv]
лосось — salmon ['sæman] рассказывают истории.
церковь — church [t/o:tJ]
медведь - bear [Ьеэ]
Не accused them of having stolen the car. — Он обви
нил их в краже машины.
Герундий Не is glad of having been told the story. — Он рад, что
ему рассказали историю.
Герундий — неличная форма глагола, сочетающая
свойства глагола и существительного.
Упр. 39.1
Сравните:
I like to read books. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык,
I like reading books. используя герундий.
В данном предложении герундий выступает в роли 1. Она одобряет то, что я звоню ей.
прямого дополнения. 2. Она одобряла то, что я звоню ей.
3. Она одобряет то, что я звонил ей.
Герундий может выступать в роли подлежащего:
Travelling is my hobby. 4. Она одобряла то, что я звонил ей.
Reading helps me to live. 5. Она одобряет то, что мне звонят.
• 6. Она одобряла то, что мне звонили.
Герундий как предложное дополнение может упот 7. Она одобряет то, что мне звонили.
ребляться после следующих выражений с предлогом: to 8. Она одобрит то, что я звоню ей.
be tired of, to be fond o f и т.д. 9. Она одобрит то, что я звонил ей.
He is fond of cooking. 10. Она одобрит то, что мне звонят.
I am tired of talking about this all the time. 11. Она одобрит то, что мне звонили.
302 Урок № 39 Герундий 303
Запомните следующие выражения, после к ото было очень поздно, он продолжал работать над докла
рых используется герундий: дом. 9. Они начали работать ровно в час. 10. Я думаю,
Не p u t o f f translating the letter. Он отложил перевод мы можем продолжить обсуждение этого вопроса.
письма. '
Не m inds opening the window. — Он против того, что Запомните следующую группу выражений, пос
бы открывать окно. ле которых используется герундий:
Не enjoyed talking to her. — Ему нравилось разгова She looked fo r w a r d to seeing her brother. — Она с
ривать с ней. нетерпением ждала встречи с братом.
Не denied having seen her at the park. — Он отрицал, She f e l t like going there. — Ей захотелось пойти туда.
что видел ее в парке. She insisted on telling him the truth. — Она настояла
Не could not help laughing. — Он не мог не смеяться. на том, чтобы сказать ему правду.
Не burst out laughing. — Он рассмеялся. She objected to my selling the house. — Она возражала
Не fo rg a v e her f o r having broken the cup. — Он про против того, чтобы я продавал дом.
стил ее за то, что она разбила чашку. She prevented те fr o m going to Monte Carlo. — Она
Не fin ish e d cooking dinner. — Он закончил готовить помешала мне поехать в Монте Карло.
ужин. She worked w ith o u t stopping. — Она работала не ос
Не apologized for leaving so early. — Он извинился за танавливаясь.
то, что так рано уходит. She thought o f getting a visa to England. — Она думала
Не stopped talking. — Он перестал говорить. о том, как получить визу в Англию.
Не avoided seeing me — Он избегал видеться со мной. She agreed to my going there. — Она согласилась с
Не asked them to keep on singing. — Он попросил их тем, что я пойду туда.
продолжать петь. She thanked те f o r calling her. — Она поблагодарила
Не went on telling the story. — Он продолжил расска меня за то, что я ей звоню.
зывать историю. Л She suspected те of deceiving her. — Она подозревала
This film is worth watching. — Этот фильм стоит меня в том, что я ее обманываю.
посмотреть. Я She relied on my helping her. — Она полагалась на
мою помощь.
Упражнение 39.2 She approved o f my entering the university. — Она
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, одобрила то, что я поступаю в университет.
используя герундий. She was afraid of going there. — Она боялась идти
туда.
1. Она продолжала читать книгу, пока не нашла нуж She counted on his coming. — Она рассчитывала на то,
ное место (the right place). 2. Вы не возражаете, если я что он придет.
приведу с собой друга? 3. Я узнал эту девушку, как толь She accused him o f having robbed the house. — Она
ко мой друг закончил мне ее описывать. 4. Я не буду обвинила его в том, что он ограбил дом.
возражать, если ты приготовишь фруктовый салат. She complained o f having a toothache. — Она жалова
5. Ты не возражаешь, если мы потанцуем еще немного? лась на зубную боль.
6. Он любил плавать в океане по вечерам. 7. Перестань Her trip depended on your calling her. — Ее путеше
те разговаривать. Я не слышу, что он говорит. 8. Хотя ствие зависело от того, позвонишь ли ты ей.
304 Урок № 39 Герундий 305
9. What is the singular of the word «children»? «I'll do that,» said the lad, «but it I were a gentleman like
10. Who of the following takes care of our soul: a doctor, you, I should never travel without my own bridge.»
a dentist, a priest, a turner? «Of course, you are a stupid lad,» said the Englishman.
11. If you are in the water, who can eat you: a bear, a deer, But he got on to his back, and they went on.
a salmon, a shark? At last they came to London.
12. Can you form a verb from the adjective «red»? In London the Englishman went to the Judge’s house.
13. Who will eat who: a rabbit will eat a tiger or a tiger «On the way I met a Scotsman, a most stupid lad,» he
will eat a rabbit? said to the Judge. «He was coming to London for a tree he
14. Where do you go if you want to have your clothes had planted a year ago. He told me I must never travel
cleaned: to the morgue, to the presidential administration, without my mother, my house and my bridge. However, he
to the laundry, to the church? gave me his food, his raincoat and carried me over a river.»
«1 think he is a wise man,» said the Judge. «The tree was
Упражнение 39.7 the girl he left in London. If her love had grown, he would
take her with him. By your mother he meant the food you
1. Прогитайте текст. had to have with you. By your house he meant a coat, and
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, by the bridge he meant your horse. He is a good lad, I
выугите их. should like to meet him.»
3. Прогитайте текст снова. Next day the Scotsman visited the Judge.
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- «1 should like to help a good lad like you!» said the
ную грамматику. Judge.
«1 know it is a custom in this city,» said the lad, «that a
THE SCOTSMAN AND THE LONDON man can marry only if the Judge gives him the girl by the
JUDGE S DAUGHTER hand. Will you give me the hand of the girl I have come to
marry?»
An English tale «I’ll do that,» said the Judge.
P art II Next day the Judge's daughter went to her old nurse. The
They had not gone far when it began to rain. The Scots Judge, when he came, did not recognize her.
«It's an honour for you to marry such a fine lad. Give
man had a raincoat, but the Englishman had none.
«Lend me your raincoat!» he said. him your hand,» he said. He put her hand into the lad's and
«I'll lend you part of it,» said the lad, «but if I were a they were married.
The Judge went home. He remembered he had to give his
gentleman like you, I should never travel without my house.»
daughter's hand that day to the Englishman. Just then the
«You are indeed a fool!» said the Englishman. «My house
is very large, so how could I bring it with me?» Scotsman came in with the daughter. They told the Judge all
Then he put one end of the Scotsman's raincoat on his that had happened.
shoulder, and they went on. «I’ve given you my daughter by the hand, and I'm glad
They had not gone far then they came to a river. There she has a fine young lad like you for a husband.»
was no bridge over it, and the Englishman did not want to And they lived happily ever after.
wet his feet.
«Will you carry me over?» he said to the lad.
309
Урок N° 40 Наклонение
3. Если бы тогда он выиграл один миллион долларов, I wish I had bought a car at that time. (Я хотел бы,
он купил бы в то время машину. (гтобы) я купил машину тогда.) — Жаль, что я не купил
4. Если бы тогда он выиграл один миллион долларов, машину тогда.
он купил бы сейчас машину. Как видно из вышеприведенных примеров, пред
5. Если бы тогда он выиграл один миллион долларов, ложения с глаголом wish часто соответствуют русским
он прямо сейчас покупал бы машину. предложениям, выражающим сожаление, например: Как
жаль, что... или Мне жаль, что... и т. д., при этом
действие в русском предложении становится отри
Упражнение 40.3 цательным, если в английском языке оно было
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. утвердительным, и наоборот.
1. Если бы тогда ты так много не спорил с ней, вы бы В данной конструкции могут употребляться только
не поссорились. 2. Если бы они поженились, они были прошедшие времена (Past Simple, Past Continuous,
бы счастливы. 3. Если бы ты сейчас рассказывал им Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous).
что-нибудь поинтереснее, они бы слушали тебя внима
тельнее. 4. Если бы вчера весь вечер вы не говорили П р и м е р № 1:
только о машинах, она бы осталась. 5. Если бы ты не I wish I were in London now. — Жаль, что я сейчас не в Лондоне.
пил так много кофе, ты бы спал лучше ночью. 6. Если I wished I were in London. — Было жаль, что я не в Лондоне.
бы моя сестра не была так занята в эти дни, она бы I wished I had been to London. — Было жаль, что я не был в
помогла тебе с этим переводом. 7. Если бы он не был Лондоне.
так глуп, он бы вчера не сказал этого. 8. Она в Москве. I wish I were going to London now. — Жаль, что я не еду сейчас
Если бы она уехала из Москвы, ее брат сказал бы мне об в Лондон.
этом вчера. 9. Если бы он знал, что она пришла, он не
был бы так расстроен. 10. Если бы вчера ты не потра Пример № 2:
I wish I were not'\r\ London now. — Жаль, что я сейчас в Лондоне.
тил все деньги, мы бы сегодня купили ей подарок.
I wished I were not in London. — Было жаль, что я в Лондоне.
11. Если бы он купил вчера больше молока, мы бы I wished I had not been to London. — Было жаль, что я был в
сейчас пекли пирог.
Лондоне.
I wish I were not going to London now. — Жаль, что я еду сейчас
Е. При употреблении глагола wish (желать, хотеть) в Лондон.
в главном предложении придаточное предложение пред
ставляется нереальным, оно будет выражаться следую
щим образом (в скобках дан дословный перевод): Упражнение 40.4
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя I wish.
I wish she came here now. (Я желаю, (гтобы) она
пришла сюда сейгас.) — Жаль, что она не пришла сей 1. Жаль, что мы опоздали на поезд. 2. Было жаль,
час. • : что вы включили телевизор так поздно. 3. Было жаль,
I wished she had come here at that time. (Я хотел, что ты не пришел на свадьбу. 4. Жаль, что я узнал об
(гтобы) она пришла сюда тогда.) - (Было) жаль, что этом так поздно. 5. Как жаль, что мы не встретили его
она не пришла тогда. дома. 6. Жаль, что она не позвонила раньше. Мы бы
312 Урок № 40 Наклонение 313
сейчас уже пили чай. 7. Если бы она сейчас была здесь! Упражнение 40.6
8. Жаль, что у меня так мало времени. 9. Жаль, что ты
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
не сказал ему об этом сам. 10. Жаль, что ты не пришел!
вчера на мой день рождения. 11. Было жаль, что он 1. Если мы не вернемся домой к 5 часам, мы не
бросил институт. 12. Жаль, что уже поздно идти туда. сможем позвонить Анне. 2. Если бы у меня было боль
13. Жаль, что она не позвонила нам. 14. Было жаль, ше времени, я бы изучал японский язык. 3. Есди бы у
что вы не читали эту книгу. 15. Жаль, что мы сейчас си нее было время, она бы приготовила завтрак. 4. Если
дим здесь, а не купаемся в море. 16. Жаль, что он делает бы он был здесь, мне не было бы так одиноко. 5. Если
так много ошибок. 17. Жаль, что ты забыл пригласить бы завтра было воскресенье, мы бы поехали в Варшаву.
Сашу. 18. Жаль, что у нас так мало свободного времени. 6. Если бы я вчера вечером встретил его, я бы погово
19. Жаль, что он не пришел вечером. 20. Жаль, что ты рил с ним. 7. Если он заходил к ним вчера, то они дали
не поехал в Лондон. 21. Жаль, что вы не захотели по ему письмо вашей сестры. 8. Если бы я не заработал так
ехать с нами. 22. Жаль, что тебя не интересуют мои де много денег в прошлом году, я бы сейчас не летел в
ла. 23. Жаль, что ты не написал мне письмо тогда. США. 9. Жаль, что мы сейчас не плаваем в океане.
10. Было жаль, что я не получил визу. 11. Если бы я
поговорил с ней вчера, я бы все узнал. 12. Если бы у
Упражнение 40.5 меня было много денег, я бы много путешествовал.
13. Если бы я взял с собой ручку, я бы записал этот
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык. 1 номер телефона. 14. Я бы не беспокоился об этом на
1. Если бы вы могли помочь мне, я был бы вам очень I вашем месте. 15. Жаль, что она не приехала сюда. Она
благодарен. 2. Если бы он знал об этих проблемах, он 1 много потеряла.
бы промолчал. 3. Если я вовремя вернусь с работы, мы I
пойдем в кино. 4. Если бы он привез запчасти вчера, мы < Упражнение 40.7
бы отремонтировали эту машину сегодня. 5. Если бы он г Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
сегодня узнал о распродаже, он наверняка купил бы э т у !
машину. 6. Если бы поезд вчера прибыл вовремя, я ! 1. Если бы у меня было время, я мог бы пойти туда
пришел бы сегодня на работу вовремя. 7. Если бы он 1 прямо сейчас. 2. Они бы пошли дальше, если бы вчера
сейчас был здесь, он бы рассказал нам много интересно- ] не шел такой сильный снег. 3. Если бы у меня вчера
го. 8. Мы бы уехали на прошлой неделе, если бы я I было время, я бы пошел туда. 4. Если бы она была гото
закончил свою работу. 9. Я бы навестил тебя вчера, если ва сейчас, она могла бы пойти с нами. 5. Если бы вода
бы был в городе. 10. Если бы она ушла в отпуск, она бы в реке не была такой холодной, мы бы поплавали в ней.
хорошо отдохнула. 11. Если он не приедет вовремя, мы 6. Ты бы отвечал сейчас лучше, если бы не нервничал.
не будем его ждать. 12. Они пришли бы проводить тебя, 7. Если бы у нас было больше денег, мы купили бы эту
машину. 8. Если бы Том вернулся сам, его жена прости
если бы они не жили так далеко. 13. Жаль, что мама не
ла бы ему все. 9. Если бы они вчера остались дома, они
купила фрукты. Мы бы сейчас сделали фруктовый са* посмотрели бы эту передачу. 10. Если завтра будет хо
лат. 14. Жаль, что мы не едем сейчас в Амстердам,
рошая погода, мы поедем на дачу. 11. Если она будет
15. Если бы твой сын не кричал сейчас так громко, мы чувствовать себя лучше, она придет на работу. 12. Если
могли бы послушать эту музыку. бы у него были деньги, он бы поехал в Сидней. 13. Если
314 Урок № 40 Наклонение 315
бы не шел такой сильный снег, мы бы играли сейчас в «It's the boss's car,» he answered indifferently. For a
снежки. 14. Если бы твоя дочь купила вчера молоко, мы moment he sat thinking, and then went on: «Listen, Mario,
бы сейчас пекли торт. 15. Было жаль, что мы разбили two young ladies are coming here shortly ... as you see, I
машину в прошлом году. thought of you too ... one for each of u s ... They're girls of
good family, the daughters of a railway engineer ... You're a
Упражнение 40.8 film producer - is that understood? Don't give me away.»
1. Прогитайте текст. «And you — what are you?»
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, «I've already told you — a millionaire.»
выугите их. I said nothing, but rose to my feet. «What are you doing?
3. Прогитайте текст снова. Are you going away?» he said in alarm.
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- «Yes, I'm going,» I replied; «you know I don't like lies...
ную грамматику. Good-bye... enjoy yourself.»
«Wait, wait... You’ll spoil my plan.»
THE FILM TEST «Don't worry, I won't spoil anything.»
After Alberto Moravia «Wait a moment; these girls want to meet you.»
Part I «But I don’t want to meet them.»
In short, we argued for some time, he sitting and I stan
Serafino and I are friends although our work has taken ding in front of him. In the end, since I am a good friend,
us far apart from one another; he is a driver and I am a film I agreed to stay. However, I warned him:
cameraman and photographer. We are quite different in «1 don’t guarantee to play this game of yours to the bitter
physical appearance too. But the real difference lies in on end.» But he was paying no further attention to me. Beam
characters: Serafino is a born liar, whereas I am quite unabl ing with pleasure, he said: «Here they are.»
to tell lies. Well, one Sunday Serafino let me know that li At first, I could see nothing but hair. It looked as though
needed me: from his tone I suspected some sort of embar each of them had on their head a large ball of thick hair.
rassment, for Serafino constantly gets into trouble. I went I Then with some difficulty I caught sight of their faces,
keep the appointment at a café in the Piazza Colonna; an peaked and thin, like two little birds peeping out of a nest.
a moment later, there he was, arriving with Lie number 1 I thought they must be twins because they were dressed in
the very expensive, «special model» car belonging to h the same way: tartan skirts, black jumpers, red shoes and
employer, whom I knew to be away from Rome. He wave hags. Serafino rose ceremoniously and performed the intro
his hand to me from some distance off, just as though tli ductions: «My friend Mario, the film producer; Signorina
car had been his own, and then went and parked it. I look Iris, Signorina Mimosa.»
at him as he came towards me: he was dressed in sho (To be continued)
narrow trousers, a jacket, and a coloured handkerchief roun
his neck. A feeling of distaste came over me, for son
reason and, as he sat down, I remarked: «You look like
millionaire.»
He answered: «Today I am a millionaire*»; and I did nol
at once understand what he meant. «What about the car?*
I persisted. «Have you won a football pool?»
Пригастие 317
Урок № Упражнение 41.1
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя требующуюся
форму пригастия.
Причастие
1. Выходя из дома, он забыл перезвонить жене. 2. Он
стоял, глядя на старую церковь. 3. Когда ей ответили на
Причастие — неличная форма глагола, которая со
все вопросы, она вышла. 4. Разбив новую вазу, ребенок
четает свойства глагола, прилагательного и наречия.
не знал, что делать. 5. Полученная посылка очень важ
на. 6. Переведенный журнал был очень интересным.
В английском языке существуют причастия двух ви
7. Доев бутерброды, он пошел на прогулку. 8. Книги,
дов: Participle I и Participle II.
купленные вчера, очень интересные. 9. Написав запис
ку, он поехал в Сидней. 10. Обслужив клиентов, она по
Participle I —doing (делая, делающий),jum ping (пры
шла за кофе. 11. Собираясь на концерт, он надел новую
гая. прыгающий), sending (присылая, присылающий).
кофту. 12. Посетив Лондон во второй раз, она влюби
Participle II — broken (сломанный), built (построен
лась в этот город. 13. Написанное письмо было на сто
ный), written (написанный), answered (отвеченный).
ле. 14. Приехав в Берлин, он сразу пошел в музей.
This is a broken toy. — Это сломанная игрушка. 15. Переезжая в Эдинбург, мы не знали, было ли это
This is a dancing girl. — Это танцующая девушка. правильным решением.
Формы причастия:
present active — showing — показывая: Упражнение 41.2
perfect active — having shown — показав; Переведите на английский язык, употребляя требующуюся
present passive — being shown — будучи показанным; форму пригастия там, где это необходимо.
perfect passive — having been shown — будучи пока
занным (в прошлом): 1. Повторив (revise) все свои записи. Катя пошла на
past passive — shown — показанный. экзамен. 2. После того как книгу прочитали, ее отнесли
в библиотеку. 3. Почувствовав себя плохо, он попросил
Проанализируйте употребление пригастия в следу вызвать врача. 4. История, рассказанная моей сестрой,
ющих предложениях: произвела на Таню большое впечатление. 5. Рассказав
The girl showing photos is my daughter. — Девушка, сестре о том, что произошло, она вышла из комнаты.
показывающая фотографии, — моя дочь. 6. Входя в комнату, он понял, что что-то случилось.
Having shown the photos, she left. — Показав фото 7. Катя вошла в комнату, не закрывая дверь. 8. Девуш
ка, рассказавшая мне эту историю, живет недалеко от
графии, она ушла.
Being shown the photos, she did not know what to say. Эдинбурга. 9. Мой маленький сын всегда любит слу
шать истории, рассказываемые моей мамой. 10. Все
— Когда ей показывали фотографии, она не знала, что
сказать. смотрели на смеющуюся девочку. 11. Закончив работу,
Having been shown the photos, she left. — После того он поехал домой. 12. Стоя на улице, он не знал куда
как ей показали фотографии, она ушла. идти. 13. Готовя ужин, он вспомнил, что не купил хле
The toy is broken. — Игрушка сломана. ба. 14. Выпив кофе, он пошел в кино.
318 Урок № 41 Пригастие 319
\ Я
320 Урок №41 Пригастие 321
Не might build a new house. — Он, может быть, и 5. Он, может быть, в Лондоне.
построит новый дом (хотя вряд ли). 6. Он, может быть, был в Лондоне.
Не might be building a new house now. — Он, может 7. Он, должно быть, на работе.
быть, сейчас и строит новый дом (хотя вряд ли). 8. Он, должно быть, был на работе.
Не might have built а new house. — Он, может быть, 9. Может быть, они сейчас едут в Лондон (хотя
и построил новый дом (хотя вряд ли). вряд ли).
10. Может быть, они сейчас едут в Лондон.
Не must build a new house. — Он должен построить 11. Они, должно быть, сейчас едут в Лондон.
новый дом. 12. Они, должно быть, уже приехали в Лондон.
Не must be building а new house now. — Он, должно 13. Не может быть, что они сейчас едут в Лондон.
быть, строит новый дом сейчас. 14. Им следует поехать в Лондон.
Не must have built a new house. — Он, должно быть, 15. Им следовало поехать в Лондон.
построил новый дом. 16. Им совсем не нужно ехать в Лондон.
17. Им совсем не нужно было ехать в Лондон.
Не should build a new house. — Ему следует постро 18. Им не пришлось ехать в Лондон.
ить новый дом. 19. Они должны были поехать в Лондон.
Не should have built а new house. — Ему следовало
построить новый дом.
Упражнение 42.2
Не did not have to build a new house. — Ему не Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык,
пришлось строить новый дом. употребляя модальные глаголы.
Не was not to build a new house — Он не должен был
строить новый дом (по плану). 1. Он, должно быть, ушел. 2. Он, должно быть, забыл
придти. Он, должно быть, был очень занят. 3. Он, мо
Не needn’t build a new house. — Ему не нужно стро жет быть, сейчас читает свою книгу дома, а мы здесь
ить новый дом. ждем его. 4. Они, должно быть, купили новую машину.
Не needn’t have built а new house. — He было необ 5. Они, может быть, позвонят вам завтра. 6. Он, может
ходимости строить новый дом. быть, приходил к вам вчера. 7. Она, может быть, уже
видела этот фильм. 8. Она не может найти свою книгу.
Может быть, она оставила ее на работе. 9. Не может
быть, что он звонил ей. 10. Она занята сейчас. Она
Упражнение 42.1 может забыть об этом. 11. Она глупая. Она может за
быть об этом. 12. Не может быть, что они сейчас рабо
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, тают. 13. Он, должно быть, спит. 14. Можно было и не
употребляя модальные глаголы. писать ему таких писем. 15. Он мог и не приходить: все
1. Не может быть, что он был в Лондоне. было уже сделано. 16. Вы можете взять эту книгу, если
2. Не может быть, что он в Лондоне. хотите. 17. Вы можете взять эту книгу: она не тяжелая.
3. Может быть, он и был в Лондоне (хотя вряд ли). 18. Вы можете и не брать эту книгу. 19. Я не могу взять
4. Может быть, он и в Лондоне (хотя вряд ли). эту книгу. 20. Можно было и не покупать так много
326 Урок № 42 Модальные глаголы в знагении предположения 327
молока. 21. Уроки должны были начаться в семь. THE FILM TEST
22. Он, должно быть, сейчас ходит где-то по магазину.
Давай найдем его. After Alberto Moravia
Part III
All the way to the house. Mimosa continued to press up
Упражнение 42.3 against me, talking to me in a low, caressing voice. I did not
Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык, listen to her, but every now and then I caught that repeated
употребляя модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. word, which she repeated like a hammer striking a nail:
«The test. ... You'll give me a test? ... If we do the test...»
1. Это, должно быть, была очень трудная задача. We reached the Parioli district, with its empty streets
2. На улице, должно быть, очень холодно. 3. Она, дол between rows of expensive houses, all balcony and window.
жно быть, встретила их по пути домой. 4. Вы не можете We reached the residence of Serafino's employer, with its
мне сказать, как пройти на улицу Вашингтона? 5. Нам black marble entrance-hall and its glass and lift. We went up
не разрешали ходить в школу одним. 6. Нам пришлось to the third floor and, on entering, found ourselves in the
встать очень рано. 7. Они, может быть, и сказали ему об dark, with a smell of naphthalene and stuffiness everywhere.
этом. 8. Он может и не покупать масло: я уже купил «I'm sorry, but I've been away,» Serafino informed us; «the
немного. 9. Мне приходится сейчас много работать, по flat's all upside down.» We went into the sitting-room; Serafi
тому что мне нужны деньги на новый дом. 10. Вы види no threw open the windows, we sat down on a divan, in front
те это новое здание рядом с магазином? 11. Она, долж of a piano covered in dust-sheets. Then, putting my plan
но быть, передумала, если она еще не пришла. 12. Ты into action, I said «We two are going to take a look at you
можешь купить конфет, если хочешь. 13. Подумай толь now; you must just walk up and down the room for a bit...
ко: можно было и не ходить туда. 14. Ты можешь пойти Then I shall be able to get an idea for the test.»
туда. Я не против. 15. Тебе не следует ходить туда. «Are we to show our legs?» asked Mimosa.
16. Ему следовало поговорить об этом с ней. 17. Он, дол «No, no, not your legs... just walk about, that's enough.»
жно быть, уже приехал. 18. Тебе не следовало звонить They started walking up and down in front of us, on the
им: они не ждали тебя. 19. Я не смогу помочь тебе зав wax-polished wooden floor. No one could say they were not
тра. 20. Не может быть, что они разошлись (split up). graceful, with those two big heads of hair, and their well-
21. Наверное, она узнала об этом от Маши. 22. Он дол developed hips and busts and their thin waists. And their
жен был приехать вчера. 23. Они, должно быть, готовят legs were slightly crooked. They were, in fact, the sort of
ужин. Так вкусно пахнет у них из окна. girls to whom film-producers do not give even a walking-on
part. In the meantime they were walking up and down, each
Упражнение 42.4 time they met in the middle of the room, they started
laughing. All at once I called out: «Halt! That's enough. Sit
1. Прогитайте текст.
down!»
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, They went and sat down and looked at me with anxious
выугите их. faces. «I'm sorry,» I said, «but you won't do.»
3. Прогитайте текст снова.
«Why?»
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- «I'll tell you why, at once,» I explained seriously. «For my
ную грамматику. film, I don't need well-educated, ladylike girls such as you...
328 Урок № 42
Урок Ns 43
What I need is working-class girls who can even, if required,
speak a few ugly words, girls who move in a provoking way,
girls who are, in fact, awkward, unpolished... You, on the Употребление артиклей
other hand, are the daughters of an engineer, you come of с названиями газет, музеев и т.à.
a good family... You’re not what I'm looking for.»
I looked at Serafino: he sunk back on the divan and
appeared stupefied. «But what do you mean?» persisted Определенный артикль the употребляется:
Mimosa. «We can surely pretend to be working-class girls,
can't we?» • перед лимитирующими прилагательными; same
«No, you can't. There are some things that no one can do (тот же самый), upper (верхний), low er (нижний),
who isn’t born to them.» coming (предстоящий), fo llo w in g (следующий), present
(настоящий, текущий), right (тот, который нужен; пра
A short silence ensued. I had cast my hook and I was sure
the fish would swallow it. And indeed, a moment later. вильный), wrong (не тот, неправильный), very (тот
Mimosa rose and went and whispered in her sister's ear. The самый), only (единственный), main (главный), principal
latter did not appear pleased, but finally she made a gesture (главный, основной), central (центральный), left (ле
of consent. Then Mimosa placed her hand on her hips; she вый), right (правый), fo r m e r (первый), latter (после
gave me a punch in the chest and said: «Come on, who do дний), proper (надлежащий), previous (предыдущий),
you think you're talking to?» opposite (противоположный), necessary (необходимый),
(To be continued) usual (обычный), whole (целый).
Пример:
/J -Х Тематический словарь This is the same film. — Это тот же самый фильм.
That is the wrong answer. — Это неправильный ответ.
bust [bASt] — бюст marble [ma:bl] — мраморный
crooked [kruikt] - искривлен
• с названиями газет и журналов: The Times, The
persist [po'sist] — настаивать
ный
Washington Post, The M anchester Guardian;
polish ['poll/] — полировать
graceful [’greisful] — грациоз punch [p.\ntj] — ущипнуть • с существительными, обозначающими предметы и
ный stuffiness ['stAfinis] — духота лица, которые являются непременным элементом в об
halt [h.rlt] — остановиться swallow ['swobu] — глотнуть, щественных местах: the w aiter — официант, the atten
hammer [Ъавтэ] — молот проглотить dant — служащий, the shop-assistant — продавец;
hip [hip] — бедро
• с некоторыми выражениями, связанными с про
гулками и развлечениями, а также с игрой на различ
ных музыкальных инструментах: to be at the cinema -
быть в кинотеатре (at the theatre — в театре); to go to
the cinema — идти в кинотеатр (to the theatre — в те
атр); to go to the fo r e s t — идти в лес (to the country —
в деревню); to play the piano - играть на пианино (the
violin — на скрипке, the guitar — на гитаре);
Исключение: to go f o r a walk — идти на прогулку.
330 Урок № 43 Употребление артиклей 331
Однако в выражениях, связанных с различными иг the p a st — прошлое, the fu tu r e — будущее, the plural —
рами, артикли отсутствуют: to play fo o tb a ll — играть в множественное (число), the singular — единственное
футбол, to play g o lf — играть в гольф, to play cards — (число), the air — воздух, the sky — небо;
играть в карты, to play hockey - играть в хоккей; • с названиями музеев, картинных галерей, концер
тных залов, кинотеатров и отелей: the Odeon (киноте
• с существительными, обозначающими социальные атр), the N ational Liberal Club; the Holiday Inn (гости
группы: the peasantry - крестьянство, the public — об ница), the Covent Garden (театр), the Bolshoi Theatre
щественность, the clergy — духовенство, the aristocra (театр); the British M useum, the Tate (галерея), the Tre
cy — аристократия, the nobility — дворянство; tyakov Gallery (галерея);
• с названиями океанов, морей, рек, каналов, озер: • с названиями кораблей и пароходов: the Titanic,
the Indian Ocean — Индийский океан, the Volga —
Волга, the N orth Sea — Северное море, the English
Channel — Ла-Манш; В английском языке есть ряд устойчивых выраже
ний, которые требуют употребления определенного
• с некоторыми прилагательными, обозначающими артикля:
всех людей, которые обладают определенными каче
ствами: the yo u n g — молодежь, молодые, the blind — Where is the (book)? — Где ... ?
слепцы, слепые, the old — старики, старые, the rich — The rest of the (money) ... — Остаток ...
богачи, богатые, the po o r - бедняки, бедные, the unem (I like to swim) in the sea. — (Я люблю плавать) в
ployed — безработные; море.
business (по делу), on holiday (в отпуске), by train w ith — в связи с, on account o f — по причине, in
(поездом), by plane (самолетом), by boat (пароходом), comparison with — no сравнению с, in place o f — вме
by bus (автобусом), by car (машиной), by sea (морем), сто, in addition to - в добавление к, in contrast with —
by land (no суше), by post (no почте); по контрасту с, in regard to — no отношению к, in reply
to — в ответ на.
• с названиями улиц: Green Street, Oxford Street,
Piccadilly, Washington S treet; Употребление артиклей
с местоимением о /б а г {jp y e o a j
• с названиями университетов: Harvard University,
London University, Cambridge University, но: the Uni Если это местоимение относится к существительно
versity o f New York, the University o f Warsaw, му в единственном числе и имеется только два таких
предмета или две его части, употребляется опреде
• с существительными church — церковь, college — ленный артикль.
колледж, bed — кровать, school — школа, hospital —
больница, prison — тюрьма, ja il — тюрьма. Пример:
Where is the other part of the newspaper? — Где другая часть
Если эти существительные имеют значение конкрет газеты?
ного предмета, здания, то они употребляются с артик Where is the other glove? — Где другая перчатка?
лем по общим правилам. В других случаях эти суще
ствительные обозначают процессы, связанные с теми При наличии трех и более одинаковых предметов
местами, которые данные существительные обознача или частей какого-то предмета употребляется не
ют. Таким образом, bed обозначает сон, school — уче определенный артикль. В этом случае он пишется
ние, hospital — лечение, prison — лишение свободы и слитно с местоимением (an + other = another), кото
т. д. В этом случае артикль с данными существитель рое будет переводиться как еще один, какой-нибудь,
ными не употребляется. другой.
Сравните:
Пример:
My daughter goes to school. — Моя дочь ходит в школу
Would you like another cup of coffee? — Хотите еще одну
(т. е. учится — процесс).
чашечку кофе?
A new school has recently been built in our city. — Недавно в
May I take another pen? — Можно я возьму другую ручку?
нашем городе была построена новая школа (т. е. здание);
Местоимение other с существительными во множе
• с названиями континентов: Asia — Азия, Europe — ственном числе употребляется с определенным ар
Европа, America — Америка; тиклем, если имеется в виду остаток определенного
числа предметов или людей.
• с названиями железнодорожных станций и аэро
портов: London Airport, Victoria Station, Berlin Airport, Пример:
I go to bed at ten but the other members of my family go to bed
• перед существительными, которые вместе со свои later. — Я ложусь спать в десять, но другие (остальные) члены моей
ми предлогами образуют сложные союзы: in connection семьи ложатся позже.
334 Урок № 43 Употребление артиклей 335
5. A sk y o u r d a u g h te r w hat she will Ibe doing at 11 «Anyhow, if we h a d n 't told lies,» M im osa rem arked flatly,
tom orrow . «S ignor Serafino w o u ld n 't have in tro d u ced us to you... so it
6 . A sk y o u r friend w hy he left so soon. served its purpose... Well, now, w hat a b o u t th a t film test?»
7 . Ask y o u r g ra n d m o th e r why she d id n 't like your new «W e've done it already,» 1 replied, laughing, «and it
boy (girl) friend. served to show th a t y o u 're a couple o f nice w orking-class
8 . Ask y o u r b ro th e r w h eth er he could hiave said it. girls... Besides, lie for lie. I’m not a film producer but an
9 . Ask y o u r friend if he was th a n k ed fo r com ing o n time. o rd in ary cam eram an an d photographer... and Serafino here,
1 0 . Ask y o u r friend w hy he was spoken s o m uch about. h e 's not th e grand gentlem an he p retends to be: lie's a
1 1 . Ask your sister w hether the exams can be taken in advance. driver.»
1 2 . Ask y our friend w hat he has been w atc h in g all this time. I m ust adm it th a t M im osa took th e blow m agnificently.
1 3 . Ask y o u r m o th er if she had com e hoime by five. «Well, well, I was h alf expecting this,» she said coldly;
1 4 . Ask y o u r friend if he m inds y o u r smcoking in here. «W e're unlucky... and if we m eet a m an w ith a car, o f course
1 5 . Ask your sister if she is afraid o f b eing ifined on the bus. he tu rn s out to be a driver. Com e on, Iris.»
At last, Serafino roused him self. «W ait a m om ent,» he
У п р а ж н е н и е 4 3 .5
said. «W here are you going?»
1. Прогитайте текст. «W e're going away, Mr. Liar.»
2. Выпишите все незнакомые слова из текста в словарь, All o f a sudden, I felt so rry for them , especially for Iris,
выугите их. w ho was so pretty and w ho seem ed m ortified and had tears
3. Прогитайте текст снова. in h e r eyes. I m ade a suggestion. «Listen to me,» I said.
4. Расскажите текст своими словами, опираясь на выуген- «W e've all four o f us told lies... but I propose th a t we let
ную грамматику. bygones be bygones and all go to th e cinem a together...
W h at a b o u t it?»
THE FILM TEST
A discussion follow ed. Iris w anted to accept: M im osa,
A fter Alberto Moravia w ho was still offended, did not; Serafino, crestfallen, h a d n ’t
Part IV th e co u rage to speak. But I persuaded M im osa by saying,
finally: «I'm a cam eram an, n o t a producer... b u t I can
If I were to say th a t she was tra n sfo rm e d , it w ould be in tro d u ce Iris to an assistant director th a t I know... It w o n ’t
saying to o m uch. In actu al fact, it was herself, h e r own be a great recom m endation, but it's b e tte r th an no th in g . It's
natural self. I replied, laughing: «To th e dau g h ters of a no good for you, I'm afraid, but possibly som ething m ight
railway engineer.» be d one abou t Iris.»
«On th e contrary, w e're exactly w hat y o u w ant — two So, we w ent to th e pictures; but in a bus, n o t in th e car.
o rdin ary w o rking-class girls... Iris is in serv ice and I'm a A nd Iris, in th e cinem a, pressed close up against Serafino,
nurse...» w hom she liked in spite o f his being a liar and a driver.
«And how a b o u t th e villa at V iareggio?»
M im osa, on th e o th e r hand, kept to herself. And d u rin g the
«There isn ’t one. We g ot o u r little b it o f su n b u rn at
interm ission she said to me: «I'm m ore o r less o f a m o th er
Ostia.»
to Iris... She is a p retty girl, isn 't she? N ow rem em ber you
«But w hy did you tell so m any lies?»
m ade a prom ise an d you m ust keep it... T h ere ’ll be th e devil
Iris said naively: «I d id n 't w ant to... b u t M im osa says you
to pay if you don't.»
have to th ro w d u st in p eople's eyes.»
338 Урок № 43
« It's only cow ards w ho m ake prom ises and keep them ,»
I said jokingly. Выражения на каждый день
«You m ade a prom ise a n d y o u ’re going to keep it,» said
she; «Iris is to have h e r film test, and have it she shall.»
, /If \ Тематический словарь Do you get along with your mother-in-law? — Вы ладите со
своей тещей? — When you have good relations with someone, you get
blow [blou] — удар nurse [na:s] — медсестра along with them.
courage ['клп<1з] — храбрость persuade [pa’swcid] — убедить
devil [dcvl] — дьявол purpose [’pa.pas] — цель Ira has an attitude problem at work. — Ира не вписывается
m agnificently [maeg'nrfisntli] — reply [ri'plai] — отвечать в рабочий коллектив. — The expression “to have an attitude
великолепно transform [traens'fo:m] - problem ” is used about people who always think they are better than
m ortify [’nwrtifai] — уязвить other people or do their work with ill feeling.
изменяться
naively [na:'i:vli] — наивно
I'm not on speaking term s with Peter. — Мы поссорились с
Питером. (Мы с Питером не разговариваем.) — The expression
“not to be on speaking term s” with someone is used when you are
angry at someone and cut off relations with them.
Marat Safin got the upper hand in the tennis match after the
second set. — Марат Сафин взял реванш во втором сете теннисного
матча. — When you are losing and then start winning, you get the
upper hand.
i have a date with Anne this evening. —У меня сегодня свидание Jack gets on my nerves. - Джек действует мне на нервы. —
с Анной. — We’re going to the cinema, then to a club. To have a date If you do not like someone because they have the effect on you of
is to have a romantic meeting with someone. making you angry or irritated, this person gets on your nerves.
He can’t stand rude people. - Он терпеть не может грубых Paul gets to me. — Пол достает меня. — “To get to som eone”
людей. — When you really don’t like something or someone, you is the same as “to get on one’s nerves.”
can’t stand them.
Robert rubs me the wrong way. - Роберт действует мне на
They’re crazy about his rock singer. — Они сходят с ума по нервы. — When someone rubs you the wrong way, they get on your
этому рок-певцу. — When a person really likes someone or some nerves.
thing, he or she is crazy about them.
She’s a pain in the neck. - Она зануда. - Someone who is a
He takes after his father. — Он вылитый отец. — “To take pain in the neck is someone who gets on your nerves.
after” is usually said of children when they have similar interests and
the same personality as one of their parents. Oleg is full o f himself. - Олег - самовлюбленный человек.
- “To be full o f o n e s e lf is said of people who think they are
He follow ed in his father’s footsteps. — Он пошел по стопам cleverer, better, or more beautiful than everyone else.
отца. — When you follow in one o f your relatives’ footsteps, you
have the same profession as they did. Mary has it in for Anna. They are enemies. — Мэри имеет зуб
на Энн. Они враги. - “То have it in for someone" is said of people
Mr. Peters always goes to bat for his friends. — Господин Питерс who strongly dislike or hate each other and try to do bad things to
всегда стоит горой за своих друзей. — When you help people who each other.
need your help, you go to bat for them.
John is a real lady-killer. - Джон настоящий сердцеед. - A
I see eye to eye with Igor. — Я полностью согласен с Игорем. lady-killer is someone who has had love relations with many women.
— You agree with someone 100% about something — you see eye to
eye with them. Peter's a good-for-nothing. - Питер бездельник. — A lazy
person who never works is a good-for-nothing.
Painting com es easy to Oksana. — Рисование легко дается
Оксане. — Something “com es easy to som ebody” is said of people Helen is very open-m inded. — Элен — человек широких
who can do certain things well, naturally, and without great effort. взглядов. — Someone who is op en -m in ded is someone who is not
prejudiced.
Don’t count on help from him. — He рассчитывай на его
помощь. — A person or thing you can count on is one that is reliable. Our boss will not put up with laziness. - Наш начальник не
терпит лени. - “То put up with som eone or som ething” is a
There are few down-to-earth poets. — Среди поэтов очень мало synonym for the expression “to tolerate”.
приземленных людей. - A person who is down-to-earth is some
one who is practical and realistic. When Jack and Jill met, it was love at first sight: a week later they
separated. — Когда Джек и Джил встретились, они полюбили
John is very easy-going: he never loses his temper. — У Джона друг друга с первого взгляда: через неделю они расстались. -
очень легкий характер: он никогда не выходит из себя. — “Love at first sight” is said about a person who feels he or she is in
Someone who is easy-going is someone who is always pleasant to love with another person when he or she sees this person for the first
talk with. time.
342 Выражения на каждый день Выражения на каждый день 343
Andrei is a top-notch programmer. - Андрей — программист Take my w ord for it. - Поверь мне на слово. — You say
высшей категории. - Top-notch is the same as “in the highest "Take my word for it” when you mean “You must believe me
category", or “one of the best." w ithout having proof or evidence that what I am saying is correct or
true."
He does whatever he wants. — Он делает, что захочет. — А
person who ignores the law, rules, or other people’s advice, does I sm ell a rat! — Что-то тут не то. — “I sm ell a rat!” is said
whatever he wants. when you think that someone is trying to cheat you.
If I w ere in your shoes. I’d call her and apologize. - Я бы на I’m fed up! I'm going home. - Мне надоело! Я иду домой. -
твоем месте позвонил ей и извинился. — “If I were in your You say “I’m fed up” when you are angry or irritated and do not want
shoes” is the same as “if 1 were your." to continue doing something.
Greg doesn’t pull any punches. — Грег невоздерж ан на язык. Sorry I’ve kept you waiting. - Извините, что заставил вас
— A person who does not pull punches is someone who is not ждать. — “Sorry I’ve kept you waiting” is polite to say to the
diplomatic and who says exactly what he thinks about someone or person you are late for a meeting with.
something.
How was your weekend? - Как вы провели выходные? -
Andrew is a real go-getter. — Андрей чересчур много работает. “How was...?” means the same as “How did you spend...?"
— A go-getter is someone who is enthusiastic about his work and does
more than is asked of him. Will you com e along with us to the bar? — Пойдем с нами в
бар. — “То com e along with som eone” means the same as “to go
Alan is plug and play. — Алан сразу входит в курс дела. — somewhere with someone else.”
“Plug and play” is said of people who learn quickly and do things
efficiently and immediately, even in a situation which is new to them. How com e you're never on time? — Почему ты всегда опазды
ваешь? - “How come?” is an informal way to ask “Why?"
What’s up? - В чем дело? - “What’s up?” is an informal way
to ask what is wrong, what is worrying a person you are talking to or What’s the difference? - Какая разница? - You say “What’s
simply “How are you?" the difference?” when you don't understand why a person wants to
do something one way and not another.
Now what? - Что ж е теперь делать? — “Now what?” is said
in situations when you do not know what to do, usually because Make sure to lock the door when you leave the flat. -У беди тесь ,
something unexpected and negative has happened. что дверь закрыта, когда покидаете квартиру. - You say “Make
sure to do som ething” to stress the importance of doing something.
That doesn't m ake sense. — Это неразумно. — An idea that is
logical makes sense. Take it easy. — He бери в голову. - “Take it easy” is said to
a person who is too angry, emotional, or upset in a given situation.
I have no idea. — Понятия не имею. — You say “I have no
idea” when you do not know and can’t even guess the answer to a Let’s take a break. - Давайте отдохнем. - “To take a break"
question. is the same as “to stop working and rest for a little while."
■I
They are hopeless at tennis. — Они ужасно играют в теннис. — Give my regards to your father. — Передай привет своему
If a person does something very badly and there is no chance of отцу. - “Give my regards to som eone” is the formal way of saying
improvement, you can say that he or she is hopeless at this thing. “say hello to someone."
344 Выражения на каждый день Выражения на каждый день 345
Children, that’ll do! How many times do I have to tell you to turn Could you read that back to me? — Вы не могли бы по
down the music! - Дети, прекратите! Сколько раз нужно по вторить, что я Вам сказал? — You say “Could you read that
вторять - выключите музыку! - “That’ll do!" is said in situations back to me?” if you’ve just finished giving information to someone
when you have had enough of something unpleasant and will not put over the phone and you want to make sure that they wrote it down
up with it any more: correctly.
Let’s get rid o f these old boxes. — Давайте избавимся от этих The professor brushed aside the student’s remarks on the topic.
старых коробок. - “То get rid of som ething” is the same as “to — Профессор проигнорировал замечание студента по этой те
throw this thing away." ме. — “То brush som ething aside” means to ignore something
because you think it is unimportant or irrelevant.
Thanks but no, thanks. — Спасибо, не надо. — You can say
“Thanks but no thanks” when someone insists you should buy or You don’t have to explain it any more. I get the picture. — Вы
take something you don’t want. можете больше не объяснять. Я понял суть. — “То get the
picture” is the same as “to understand the general idea or principle."
Are you with me? — Вы меня понимаете? — “Are you with
me?” is an informal way of asking “Do you understand what I am It is in over his head. - Ему это не под силу. — “То be over
talking about?" one’s head” is said about a person who thinks that he or she is unable
to do a task because it is above his or her abilities and thus too
Mr. Jones is in a meeting. — У мистера Джонса совещание. — complicated to do.
You say someone “is in a m eeting” when someone calls the office and
asks to speak with someone who is busy talking to other people. Russia suffered a brain drain after perestroika. — Россия пере
жила утечку мозгов во время перестройки. — U A brain drain” is
Mr. Smith is out. — Мистера Смита нет на месте. — “То be used to describe situations when qualified experts leave a country or
out” means that the person who is asked for is not at the place. an organization and go elsewhere.
Mr. Turner is out o f town. — Мистера Тернера нет в городе. — D on’t count your chickens before they hatch. — Цыплят no
“То be out o f tow n” means that the person who is asked for has left осени считают. — “D on’t count your chickens before they
the town or city for a while. hatch” means the same as “Don’t regard something as yours before
you actually get it."
Will you hold? — Вы подождете? — He вешайте трубку. —
“Will you hold?” means “will you wait until the person you want to i ’m bored to death/I'm tired to death. - Мне смертельно
speak with is available?" скучно./Я смертельно устал. — You can say this if you are very
bored or tired.
Please write down these numbers: 5567, 559, 3309, 2344. Got
that? - Пожалуйста, запишите эти числа: 5567, 559. 3309, 2344. All the evening he just beat about the bush. — Весь вечер он
Записали? — “Got that5” is a question used to confirm that the только ходил вокруг да около. — When people beat about the
person you are speaking to has got the information from you and bush they say a lot but do not say exactly what they mean, usually
copied it down correctly. because they don’t want to.
Could you repeat that, please? — Повторите, пожалуйста. — I don’t envy you. - Я тебе не завидую . — You can say “I don’t
You say “Could you repeat that, please?” if you did not understand envy you” to someone you feel is in a difficult situation, one you are
or hear something someone is telling you over the phone. glad you are not in.
346 Выражения на каждый день Выражения на каждый день 347
Has Laura got over her divorce? — Jlopa оправилась после Students often burn the m idnight oil the night before an impor
развода? — When a person gets over som ething, he or she comes tant exam. — Часто студенты бодрствую т всю ночь перед важным
back to the original and normal state after an illness or shock. экзаменом. — “То burn the midnight o il” is the same as “to pull an
all-nighter.”
For a few months after his marriage he was on cloud nine. —
Несколько месяцев после женитьбы он был на седьмом небе. — John burned out. — Джон вымотался. — The informal expres
“То be on cloud nine” is said about people who are extremely happy. sion “to burn out” is used to describe a situation when someone is too
mentally or psychologically exhausted to continue to do something,
The mother was w orried sick when her daughter didn't come usually something that requires mental activity.
home at 12 p.m. — Мать страшно переживала, когда дочь
приходила домой после двенадцати ночи. — “То be worried sick” John’s in the loop. — Джон в курсе дела. — “То be in the
is said about a person who is extremely worried about something. loop” means that someone knows about some plan or activity that will
take place.
Peter’s got the blues. — У Питера депрессия. — “To have the
blues” means that someone is very sad or depressed. Peter joined the company just last month but he's already up to
speed. — Питер пришел в фирму месяц назад и уже работает
He cooked up a story about being a millionaire to impress her. — наравне со всеми. — When a person is up to speed he or she is
Он выдумал байку о том, что он миллионер, чтобы произвести able to do work or other activities as well as his or her colleagues can.
на нее впечатление. — You use the expression “to cook up a story”
when you want to say that someone fabricated an untrue story.
Mr. Roberts has great people skills. — Мистер Робертс умеет
общаться с людьми. — Someone who has “people skills” is a
I'm dead sure Arsenal will win the championship. — Я на сто
person who is able to work and interact well with people, someone
процентов уверен, что «Арсенал» выиграет чемпионат. — “Dead
sure” means “I am 100% certain" about something. people enjoy talking to.
The boss was dead serious when he threatened to fire lazy work A: How old do you think I am? — Как вы думаете, сколько мне
ers. — Босс говорил абсолю тно серьезно, когда грозился уволить лет?
ленивых работников. — “Dead serious” means "very, very serious.” В: I don't know. — Я не знаю.
A: Take a guess. - П опробуйте угадать.
They w eighed the pros and cons and decided not to visit Chech “То take a guess” means to make a guess about something.
nya. — Они взвесили все «за» и «против» и решили не ездить в
Чечню. — “lb weigh the pros and cons” means to decide whether It’s all Greek to me. — Я ничего не понимаю. — “It’s all
something is worth doing by comparing the advantages and disadvan Greek to m e” means “I don't understand anything.”
tages of doing it.
I think we should fly a test balloon. — Давайте кинем пробный
They brainstorm ed the whole night and at last solved the prob шар. — “То fly a test balloon” means to test an idea before going
lem. — Всю ночь они думали и, наконец, решили проблему. — ahead with plans to realize it.
When people get together and think aloud about a question or issue
while trying to find the answer, they brainstorm. Practice makes perfect. — Повторение — мать ученья. —
“Practice m akes perfect” is the shorter way of saying “repetition is
Students often pull an all-nighter the night before an important the mother of learning."
exam. - Часто студенты бодрствую т всю ночь перед важным
экзаменом. - When you “pull an all-nighter” you stay up all night Let's get down to business. — Давайте начнем работать. —
working. “To get down to business” means "to start work.”
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You must give two weeks' n otice if you want to leave your job. — Paul was a hit at the party. - На вечеринке Пол имел огромный
Вы должны предупредить за две недели о том, что вы уволь успех. — “То be a hit” is synonymous with “to be very popular."
няетесь. — You give notice when you officially (usually in writing)
inform your boss that you will leave your job. A table for 2 / 3 / 4 , please. - Столик на д в о и х /т р о и х /
четверых, пожалуйста. —You say “a table for 2 , 3 ,4 , etc." to the
The new employee had hands-on training at the factory this waiter when you walk into a restaurant.
morning. - Сегодня утром новому работнику показывали произ
водство. - “Hands-on training” is practical teaching where a Can I see the menu, please? - М ожно посмотреть меню? -
person is shown how something works or is done. You say this to a waiter when you want him to come to your table and
take your order.
A head-hunting agency helped me find a good job. — В агент
стве по подбору персонала мне помогли найти хорошую рабо I’ll have the grilled chicken, please. - Мне, пожалуйста, цыплен-
ту. — A head-hunting agency is an agency that finds employees for ка-гриль. - You use the words “I’ll have...” when giving your order
companies. to the waiter.
Peter runs the show at the company. — Питер руководит I’ll have the Russian salad follow ed by beef Stroganoff, please. -
компанией. — The person who runs the show is the most important Мне. пожалуйста, салат оливье. а затем бефстроганов. - “Fol
person in an organization. lowed by” is used to indicate what you expect the waiter to bring you
after the first dish.
Our company took on two new programmers last week. — Наша
компания на прошлой неделе наняла двух новых программистов. Could I have the bill, please? - Счет, пожалуйста. - This is the
— “То take on” means the same thing as “to hire." standard way of telling the waiter that you are ready to pay for your meal.
The deadline for the report is Monday, 9 a.m. — Последний срок Excuse me, is this seat free? - Простите, у вас свободно? -
сдачи отчета — понедельник, девять часов утра. — A deadline is You use this expression when you want to ask a person sitting next to
the time by which one must do something. a chair whether you can sit in the chair or take it to another table.
Peter passed the exam with flying colors. — Питер сдал экзамен I’m sorry. The seat is taken. - Извините, это место занято. -
на отлично. — “То pass som ething with flying colors” means to This is the negative answer to the question “Is this seat free?"
get the best possible evaluation, for example an 'A” or a “5 ” on a test.
Keep the change. - Сдачи не надо. - This is what you say to
Fred dropped out of Oxford University in 1995, just one year a person, usually a taxi driver, if you want him to keep all the money
before he was supposed to graduate. — Фред бросил Оксфордский you gave him.
Университет за год до окончания. — "То drop out” means to leave
a school or university before graduating from it. Do you take m ilk/sugar in your coffee/tea? — Вам к оф е/чай
с молоком/сахаром? - This is asked when making coffee/tea for
We had the tim e o f our lives at Evel's party. — Мы здорово someone to find our how they prefer it.
повеселились на вечеринке у Эвела. — The expression means the Make yourself at home. - Чувствуйте себя как дома. -
same as to have a very enjoyable time. This is the way to let a person know that he or she should feel relaxed
and comfortable in your home.
We had a ball at Andrew's party. — Мы здорово провели вре
мя на вечеринке у Эндрю. - “То have a ball” means to have a very Take your time. - He спеши. - You say this when you want to
enjoyable time. tell someone to slow down or that it is not necessary to hurry.
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Have fun! — Ж елаю приятно провести время. — You сап On the weekends we always eat out. On weekdays we usually eat
say this to friends who are going out somewhere, for example, to a in. — На выходных мы всегда едим вне дома (в кафе или
party. ресторане). По будням мы едим дома. — “То eat out” means to eat
in a restaurant; “to eat in” means to eat at home.
I channel-surfed for half an hour yesterday. — Вчера я переклю
чал каналы ТВ полчаса. — When people sit in front of a TV set and Would you like to get a bite to eat? — He хотите ли перекусить?
constantly change the channels with the clicker (remote control), they - This means the same as “would you like a snack."
channel-surf.
Could you turn the TV down, please? — He могли бы вы
I hung out with Iulia and Nastia yesterday. — Свободное время сделать телевизор потише? — This means “Could you make the
я вчера провел с Юлей и Настей. — “То hang out with som eone” TV quieter."
means to spend leisure-time with someone.
Could you turn the radio up, please? — He могли бы вы сделать
1 went on a spending spree yesterday. — Вчера я истратил радио погромче? — This means “Could you make the radio louder.”
много денег на покупки. — A “spending sp ree” is when you do
a lot of shopping, buy a lot of things and spend a lot of money. What’s on tonight? — Что сегодня по телевизору/в театре/в
кино? — You ask this when you want to know what is being shown on
I did the laundry yesterday. — Вчера я стирал. - This means to TV, at a cinema or theatre.
wash dirty clothes.
Please keep an eye on my bags for a few minutes. — Пожалуйста,
Denis invited me to his house-warm ing party. — Денис пригла присмотрите за моим багажом несколько минут. — “То keep ап
сил меня на новоселье. — A house-warming party is the party eye on som ething” means to make sure it is not stolen or damaged in
that is given when someone starts living in a new home. any way.
We cooked up a storm at John's. - Мы приготовили много My car broke down yesterday. — Моя машина вчера сломалась.
еды у Джона. — “То cook up a storm ” means that a lot of food was - Cars don't break - they break down.
prepared for a large meal.
The train is about to leave. — Поезд вот-вот отойдет. — This
Ellen walks her dog three times a day. - Элен выгуливает is said about a train, ship or plane which is leaving very soon.
свою собаку три раза в день. — “То walk the dog” means to go for
a walk with one's dog to let it do what it needs to do outside. He bumped into John at the university yesterday. — Вчера он
случайно наткнулся на Джона в университете. — When you
I never m ake my bed in the morning. - Я никогда не убираю bump into som eone, you meet them unexpectedly somewhere.
кровать по утрам. — When you prepare your bed so that it is ready
for you to get into, you m ake your bed. Did you have a pleasant flight? — Как вы долетели? — This
is the first thing people ask each other at the airport or when meeting
She finished laying the table 5 minutes before the guests came. — someone who has arrived by plane.
Она закончила накрывать на стол за пять минут до прихо,"
гостей. - When you lay the table, you put table cloth, knives, forks, I’m staying at the Hilton. — Я остановился в Хилтоне. — This
spoons, etc. on the table. is the way to let someone know which hotel you are staying at.
I stayed in on Sunday. — Воскресенье я провел дома. — “То I’m heading for the supermarket. — Я иду в супермеркет. — “То
stay in” means to stay at home. head for” means to leave to go to a place.
352 Выражения на каждый день Выражения на каждый день 353
I’ll see Pamela off to the airport. — Я провож у Памелу в All companies must be in the black to survive. - Все компании
аэропорт. — When you see som eone off. you go with them to a train должны быть прибыльными, чтобы выжить. — The expression
station, port, o r airport, w here you say good-bye to each other, usually “to be in the black” means that a company is making a profit.
before a long distance trip.
Are those computers out of stock at that store? - Эти компьютеры
I’ll see Pamela to the bus stop. - Я провож у Памелу до < в этом магазине закончились? — When something is out o f stock,
автобусной остановке. — This means "to walk with someone some- ] the store that sells it does not have any more of it.
where” in, order to say good-bye to them there.
I bought that tape-recorder for a song. - Я купил этот магни
Our office is walking distance from Palace Square. — Наш офис тофон почти даром. - “For a song” means “very cheap.”
находится недалеко от Дворцовой площади. - If a place is walk What does IBM stand for? - Как расш ифровывается IBM? -
ing distance it is not very far.
“Stand for”“ is the way to ask what an abbreviation is short for.
Jan showed up at the meeting 20 minutes late. — Ян появился The project is a no go. - Этот проект провалился. - A “no
на собрании с двадцатиминутным опозданием. — “То show up” go” is something, usually a project, that never starts.
means “to appear."
That company broke into the textile market last year. - Эта
It’s about tim e I had a vacation. — Мне давно пора в отпуск. — ] компания вышла на текстильный рынок в прошлом году. —
“It’s about tim e...” means that it has been a very long time since ' When a company breaks into a market, it begins to sell its products
doing something, and that you really want to do it soon. in that market.
Well, it’s tim e for me to go now. — Мне пора идти. — This is I turned down the job offer. - Я отклонил предлож ение о
said when you must leave people and go somewhere else. работе. - “То turn down an offer” means to refuse an offer.
Have a nice trip! — Счастливого пути! - This is the standard That company has a good track record. — У этой компании
way of seeing someone off or saying good-buy to them before they солидная репутация. — A company or person th at has a good
leave. track record is one th at is very qualified and has done very well in
its field.
We stood on the road and flagged down a car. — Мы стояли на
дороге и ловили машину. — When you flag down a car, you raise Did you close the deal with them? - Вы подписали контракт
your arm to make it stop and give you a lift to some place. с ними? - “То close a deal” means “to sign a contract with.”
Make hay w hile the sun shines. — Куй ж елезо, пока горя That company is a fly-by-night operation. - Эта компания с
чо. — This means to make money when you have the opportunity сомнительной репутацией. — “A fly-by-night operation is а
to do so. very unreliable company, usually an illegal one.
He lost his shirt at the casino last night. — Прошлой ночью он Yesterday I had some time to kill, so I went window -shopping
проигрался в пух и прах в казино. - When a person loses a lot downtown. - Вчера мне пришлось убивать время, рассматривая
of money, you can say that they “lost their shirt.” витрины в центре города. — When you go w indow-shopping, you
walk around shops, look at the things being sold, but do not buy
After the crisis their company was in the red. — После кризиса anything.
их компания стала убыточной. — When a company is in the red, It’s on me. - Я угощаю. - You say this when you offer to pay
this company is not making a profit, it is losing money.
for someone else.
354 Английская грамматика в таблицах Активный залог 355
Времена группы Simple (pre Действие в группе времен Действие в группе времен. Per Действие в группе времен
sent, past, future) обозначают Continuous (present, past, fu fect (present, past, future) закан Perfect Continuous началось в
действия, которые происхо ture) происходит или не про чивается или не заканчивается прошлом или начнется в буду
дят или не происходят в на исходит в точно указанное к определенному времени (в щем и будет длиться до опре
шей повседневной жизни (в время (в настоящем, про настоящем, прошлом или бу деленного момента в прошлом,
настоящем, прошлом или бу шлом или будущем). дущем). в будущем, или в настоящем,
дущем). подводя как бы общий итог
действия.
Признаки: often (часто), Признаки: now (сейчас), at Признаки: already (уже), yet Признаки: already (уже), yet
sometimes (иногда), usually this moment (в этот момент), (в вопросе - уже, в отрицатель (еще, уже), for more than five
(обычно), always (всегда), while (в то время как, пока), ных предложениях - еще), just hours (более пяти часов), since
seldom (редко), never (никог still (все еще). (только что), this week (на этой (с, с того времени как), all this
да), every day (каждый день), Формула: to be (am, is, неделе), this month (в этом ме year (весь этот год), all my life
today (сегодня). are) + глагол + ing сяце), never (никогда), ever (ко (все мою жизнь).
Глагол to be: am, is, are He is drinking coffee now. - гда-либо, когда-нибудь), rece
He is a student. - Он сту Он сейчас пьет кофе. (Дей ntly (недавно), lately (недавно), Формула: h a v e/h a s b een +
дент. ствие происходит в момент since last year (с прошлого го глагол + ing
речи, т. е. именно сейчас.) да), for a long time (долгое вре
He, she, it мя), before (до), today (сегод Не has already been drinking
в coffee for more than two hours.
Ü
QJ
О He often drinks coffee. - Он Is he drinking coffee now? ня).
U часто пьет кофе. (Обычное, He is not drinking coffee now. - Он уже пьет кофе более двух
CL Формула: h ave/h as + прича часов. (Действие началось в
часто повторяющееся дей
ствие в настоящем времени.) Ближайшее будущее. стие прошедшего времени прошлом и все еще длится, т. е.
Does he often drink coffee? он все еще пьет кофе.)
He does not often drink coffee. We are leaving for Berlin to Не has already drunk coffee. -
morrow. - Мы уезжаем в Бер Он уже выпил кофе. (Что сде Has he been drinking coffee for
You, they, we лин завтра. лал? - Выпил. Действие уже за more than two hours yet?
We like to drink coffee. - Мы кончилось, действие произош He has not been drinking coffee
любим пить кофе. ло к моменту разговора.) for more than two hours yet.
Do we like to drink coffee?
We don't like to drink coffee. Has he drunk coffee yet?
He has not drunk coffee yet.
Признаки: often (часто), Признаки: at 6 o'clock (в 6 Признаки: by (к). Признаки: for more than five
sometimes (иногда), usually часов), when she came... (ког Время Past Perfect обозначает hours (более пяти часов), since
re действия, которые произошли (с, с того времени как), all that
ft. (обычно), always (всегда). да она пришла), from 6 till
356 Английская грамматика в таблицах Активный залог 357
Оконгание таблицы
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
seldom (редко), never (никог 7 o'clock (c 6 до 7 часов), the раньше других действий в про year (весь тот год), all my life
да), every day (каждый день), whole evening (целый вечер), шлом. (всю мою жизнь), already (уже).
yesterday (вчера), last month (в while (в то время как, пока), Не said he had already drunk
прошлом месяце), last week still (все еще). coffee. - Он сказал, что уже вы Формула: had been + глагол
(на прошлой неделе), long пил кофе. (Вначале он выпил + ing
ago (давно), a minute ago (ми Формула: to be (was, were) кофе, а затем сказал об этом.) She said that he had already
нуту назад). + глагол + ing been drinking coffee for more
Глагол to be: was, were He was drinking coffee Формула: had + причастие than two hours. - Она сказала,
Past
He was a student. - Он был at 6. - Он пил кофе в 6. (Дей прошедшего времени что он уже пил кофе более двух
студентом. ствие происходило в точно Не had drunk coffee by 6. - часов. (К тому времени как она
указанное время в прошлом, Он выпил кофе к 6 . (Действие сказала, действие уже проис
He often drank coffee. - Он т. е. в 6 часов.) закончилось к определенному ходило в течении двух часов.)
часто пил кофе. моменту в прошлом, т. е. к 6
(Обычное, часто повторяю Was he drinking coffee at 6? часам.) Had he been drinking coffee for
щееся действие в прошлом.) He was not drinking coffee more than two hours yet?
Did he often drink coffee? at 6 . Had he drunk coffee by 6? He had not been drinking coffee
He did not often drink coffee. He had not drunk coffee by 6 . for more than two hours yet.
I
Признаки: often (часто), Признаки: at 6 o’clock (в 6 Признаки: already (уже), yet Признаки: for more than five
sometimes (иногда), usually часов), when she comes... (ког (в вопросе — уже. в отрица hours (более пяти часов), alrea
(обычно), always (всегда), да она придет), from 6 till 7 тельных предложениях - еще), dy (уже).
seldom (редко), never (никог o'clock (с 6 до 7 часов), the by (к), before (до, перед). Формула: will have been +
да). every day (каждый день), whole evening (целый вечер), Формула: will have + прича глагол + ing
tomorrow (завтра), in two days while (в то время как, пока), стие прошедшего времени
(через два дня), soon (скоро). still (все еще). He will have already been drin
Глагол to be: shall/w ill be Формула: w ill/shall be + Не will have already drunk cof king coffee for more than two
He will be a student. - Он глагол + ing fee by 6 . - Он уже выпьет кофе hours by 3 o ’clock. - Он будет
будет студентом. к 6 . (Действие закончится к 6 уже пить кофе более двух ча
Не will be drinking coffee at часам, т.е. кофе будет уже вы сов к трем часам. (Действие
Future
He will often drink coffee. - 6 . - Он будет пить кофе в 6. пит. Предлог by относится к начнется в будущем и к 3 часам
Он часто будет пить кофе. (Действие будет происходить признакам времени Future Per оно будет происходить уже на
(Обычное, часто повторяю в точно указанное время в fect.) протяжении 2 часов.)
щееся действие в будущем.) будущем, т. е. в 6 часов.)
Will he often drink coffee? Will he have drunk coffee by 6 Will he have been drinking coffee
He will not often drink coffee. Will he be drinking coffee yet? for more than two hours yet?
at 6 ? He will not have drunk coffee He will have not been drinking
he comes to London,
He will not be drinking coffee by 6 yet. coffee for more than two hours
he will call us. Если
at 6. yet.
он приедет в Лон
дон, он позвонит
нам.
Пассивный залог 359
358 Английская грамматика в таблицах
Пассива* залог
Perfect Perfect Continuous
Simple Continuous
Оконгание таблицы
(на прошлой неделе), long Формула: to be (was, were) ним уже поговорили. (С ним
ago (давно), a minute ago (ми being + причастие прошед поговорили раньше, чем он об
нуту назад). шего времени. этом сказал.)
Формула: to be (was, were) He was being talked to at 7. - Формула: had been + прича
+ причастие прошедшего С ним разговаривали в 7. стие прошедшего времени
времени Was he being talked to at 7? Не had been talked to by 6 . - С
м Не was often talked to. - С He was not being talked to ним поговорили к 6 . (Действие
гз закончилось к определенному
О- ним часто разговаривали. at 7.
Was he often talked to? моменту в прошлом, т. е. к 6
He was not often talked to. часам.)
Had he been talked to by 6 ?
He had not been talked to by 6 .
Модальны глаголы
1 ЕС
3 * о Прош едш ее в рем я /
со
одал
ный
лаго
V О бразование О бразование Эквивалент
о. У потребление сослагательное
у отрицания вопроса
н аклонение
s - С
Выражает физическую спо She cannot (can’t) Can she speak C o u ld — мог. to b e a b le to
собность. speak Chinese. —Она Chinese? - Она We could do it yesterday. I am able to do it. —
-а Не can swim. —Он умеет пла не может говорить может разгова - Мы могли сделать это Я в состоянии сделать
Ь вать. на китайском. ривать на ки вчера. это.
2 Could — форма вежли
с
я She can speak Chinese. — Она тайском? I was able to do it. —
и л вости.
г может разговаривать на китай Я был в состоянии
О ском. Could you help me? — He
5 сделать это.
могли бы вы мне по 1 will be able to do it.
мочь? — Я буду в состоянии
сделать это.
Употребляется для обозначе She may not leave. May she leave? M ig h t —в косвенной ре to b e a llo w e d to
ния разрешения, также этот — Ей нельзя ухо — Ей можно чи выступает в прошед We are allowed to go
модальный глагол может выра дить. уйти? шем времени от may. there. —Нам разреша
жать предположение. Не said that I might go ют ходить туда.
She may leave. — Ей можно there. — Он сказал, что We win be aUowed to
лт уйти. (Позволяется.) мне можно пойти туда.
я о go there. — Нам разре
5 She may come. — Она может M ig h t - выражает боль шат ходить туда.
2
придти. (Возможно.) шую неуверенность, чем We were allowed to go
may, также может выра there. — Нам не разре
жать упрек. шали ходить туда.
Не might come. - Он мо
жет и придет, хотя вряд ли.
§П Прошедшее время/
лагол
Образование Образование
ный
Этот модальный глагол вы The train is not to Is the train to The train was to come Отсутствует
ражает какое-то запланиро come at 7. — Поезд come at 7? — at 7. — поезд должен
ванное действие, действие по не приезжает в 7. Поезд приез был приехать в 7.
+о■» X
а> плану. Употребляется только жает в 7?
0) в настоящем и прошедшем
X! с:
о времени.
¡2 с*
The train is to come at 7. -
Поезд приезжает в 7. (По рас
писанию.)
Выступает в роли модально You need not bpy so Need you buy Отсутствует Отсутствует
го глагола при отсутствии не many apples. — Тебе so many apples?
обходимости свершения дей не нужно покупать — Нужно ли
ствия. в остальных случаях так много яблок. тебе покупать
о: need выступает как обычный так много яб
-а JQ глагол. N eed в роли модально лок?
ш Ь
03
<v ЕС го глагола может употреблять
Z ся только в вопросительных и
X отрицательных предложениях.
You need not buy so many
apples. — Тебе не нужно поку
пать так много яблок. (В этом
нет никакой необходимости.)
Выражает совет или реко You should not eat Should we tell Отсутствует Отсутствует
мендацию, также может вы so much. — Тебе не her about it? —
ражать удивление и возмуще следует так много Следует ли нам
2 S
3 ние. кушать. рассказать ей
о 5
х She should sleep more. — Ей об этом?
и
следует больше спать.
Why should I do it? - С какой
стати я должен делать это?
366 Английская грамматика в таблицах Таблица неправильных глаголов 367
No, this is not a black cat. 4. That table is brown. Is that table and Sergei are good friends. 15. Are you a student? 16. Are they at
brown? No, that table is not brown. 5. This is a brown table. Is this the bar? 17. Are you at home? 18. They are not in the park. 19. We
a brown table? No, this is not a brown table. 6. We are good friends. are in London. 20. I am a pupil. Tolik is my friend. He is also a
Are we good friends? No. we are not good friends. 7. The books are pupil. Now we are in his flat. His flat is big and clean. 21. Is Ann
black. Are the books black? No, the books are not black. or a doctor? —She is a doctor. — Is she a good doctor? —Yes, she
is a good doctor. 22. Is Kate in Berlin? —No, Kate is not in Berlin,
К упражнению 2.7 she is in Sidney.
1. This flat is clean. This is a clean flat. These flats are clean.
2. Are these his pencils? - Yes, these are his pencils. 3. This book К упражнению 3.1
is red. This is a red book. That book is not green. 4. Is Moscow a 1.1 have (got) a friend. 2. He has (got) a friend. 3. Kate has (got)
big city? — Yes, Moscow is a big city. 5. My flat is in Moscow and a flower. 4. We have (got) a big dog. 5. They have (got) a cat. 6. You
his flat is in Petersburg. 6. This is an interesting book. This book is have milk. 7. My grandmother has (got) many books.
interesting. 7. This is a sweet melon. 8. This bag is black. 9. This is
a hat. This hat is black. This is a black hat. 10. These bags are К упражнению 3.2
white. These are white bags. 11. This is a pen. This is a black pen. 1. We have a house. Have we a house? We haven’t a house.
This pen is black. 12. This is a bag. This is my bag. This bag is not 2. Kate has got a red car. Has Kate got a red car? Kate hasn’t got
black. a red car. 3. She has got many friends. Has she got many friends?
She hasn’t got many friends. 4. They have got a black cat. Have
К упражнению 2.8 they got a black cat? They haven’t got a black cat. 5. My friend
1. This is my bag. Is it black or brown? — It is brown. 2. What has a picture. Has my friend a picture? My friends hasn’t got a
are these? - These are black bags. 3. Who is this? — This is my picture.
sister. 4. Where are you? — I am not in London. I am in Moscow.
5. I am a pupil. 6. My father is not a teacher, my father is a
manager. 7. Is your aunt a doctor? —Yes, she is a doctor. 8. Where К упражнению 3.3
are they? - They are at work. 9. My brother is a manager. He is at 1. Has your sister many friends? - No, my sister has not many
work. 10. Are you a waiter? — No, I am not a waiter. I am a friends. 2. Are these cups green? - No, they are not green, they are
manager. 11. Is your sister a teacher? — No, she is not a teacher. blue. 3. Has your friend a blue car? - No, he has not a blue car but
She is a student. 12. Is your brother at school? - Yes, he is at he has a yellow car. 4. Are the books interesting? - No, they are not
school. 13. Is your sister at work? — No, she is not at work. 14. Is interesting. - Are those books interesting? - Yes. those books are
interesting. 5. What dog have they got? - They have a big white
this your cassette? — Yes, this is my cassette.
dog. 6. Have they got a cat? - No, they have not got a cat but they
have got a dog. 7. This dog is not small, this dog is big. 8. Has your
К упражнению 2.9
1. Whose cat is this? — This is my cat. 2. What city is this? — son many toys? - No, he has not many toys. 9. Is that house high?
This is Madrid. 3. Who are these girls? - They are my friends. - No, that house is not high. 10. Those houses are high. 11. We
4. What is this man? - He is a barman. 5. Whose apples are these? have many high houses in the city. 12. Have you high houses in the
—These are not my apples, these are your apples. 6. Whose brother city? — No. we have not high houses in the city.
is this? - This is his brother. 7. What are these? - These are your
К упражнению 3.4
apricots. 8. What film is this? - This is a new film. 9. Are these
your friends? — Yes, these are my friends. 10. Whose bananas are 1. Are those white houses? - Yes, those are white houses.
2. Have you got a cat? - No, I haven’t got a cat. 3. Is that dog black?
these? — These are my bananas. 11. Where is our dog? — It is on
- Yes, that dog is black. 4. Is this pen red? - No, this pen is not red.
the sofa. 12. He is a teacher. 13. She is not a doctor. 14. Andrew
376 Кяюги К уроку № 4 377
5. Is this a red pen? - Yes, this is a red pen. 6. Are those houses computers. The computers are not new. The computers are old.
white? - No, those houses are not white. 4. This is a pen. This pen is green. It is not red. 5. This is butter. The
butter is yellow. The butter is not white. 6. We have a cat. It is three.
К упражнению 3.5 I like the cat. He is clever. 7. My sister has three cats. She likes her
1. What is this? - This is a mouse. — Is this a gray or white cats. The cats are beautiful. 8. He has ice cream. The ice cream is
mouse? - This is a gray mouse. 2. Are these sweet peaches? - Yes, sweet. 9. We have many friends. They are students. 10. I have a
these are very sweet peaches. 3. What has your sister? - She has a brother and a sister. My brother is a pupil but my sister is a student.
new flat. 4. Where are your brothers? - They are at work. 5. Who are They have many friends. The friends are good boys.
these boys? - These boys are my friends. 6. Is your coffee with milk?
- No. my coffee is not with milk, my coffee is with sugar. К упражнению 4.4
7. Are these white doors? - No, these are not white doors, these are 1. This is my table. On the table I have a book, two pencils, and
blue doors. 8. Are these pineapples sweet? - No, they are not sweet. a cup of coffee. 2. This is a bag. The bag is black. 3. I have two
9. Are these girls pupils? - No, these girls are not pupils. They are sisters. My sisters are students. 4 .1 get up at seven in the morning
students. They have not a car, but they have a house. - Is the house and go to bed at eleven in the evening. 5. We are at home. 6. My
big? - No, the house is not big. It is small. 10. Has Tom a pen? - brother is not at home, he is at school. 7. Where is your sister? —
No, Tom has not a pen but Tom has a book. - Is the book She is at home. 8. We have a large family. 9. This is my room. The
interesting? - No, the book is not interesting. 11. Are these your room is large. 10. There is a picture on the wall. 11. This is soup.
chairs? - No, these are not my chairs. These are your chairs. The soup is tasty. 12. You have pencils, but I have not a pencil. Give
me a pencil. 13. I like your beautiful flower. Give me the flower.
К упражнению 4.1 14. The pencils are on the table. Give me a (the) pencil. 15. Have
1 .1 have juice. The juice is sweet. 2. It is my friend. The friend you a house? — No, I have not a house but I have a car. 16. My
is good. 3. This is London. I like this city. Your friend likes the city brother has such a big dog.
too. 4. My mother has cars. The cars are red. 5. My brother has a
toy. The toy is red. 6. Tanya has apples. The apples are green. К упражнению 4.5
7. Your brother has cats. The cats are big. They are not small. They 1. After breakfast I go to school. 2. I am a waiter. 3. My son is
have toys. 8. Your mother has cars. Ann has a car too. The cars are a pupil. 4. My grandmother often tells me long interesting stories.
not big. They are small. 9. This is my friend. He is a student. He has 5. My father is an engineer. He works at a (the) restaurant. The
many friends. 10. Tanya has apples. The apples are not sweet. restaurant is large. 6. My mother is a doctor. She works at a (the)
large hospital. She is at work now. 7. His aunt is a teacher. She
К упражнению 4.2 works at school. The school is good. 8. I am at home. 9. The (a)
1. Sasha has coffee. The coffee is not sweet. 2. Your friend has cup is on the table. Give me the cup, please. 10. What a nice day!
a car. The car is nice. 3. My dog has a toy. Your dog has a toy too. 11. He is a good pupil. 12. My father is not at home. He is at
The toys are red. They are not green. 4. I have photos. They are work. 13. People usually have breakfast in the morning. They
interesting. 5. She is a good girl. She is nine. 6. This is milk. The have dinner in the evening. 14. For breakfast I have coffee with
milk is white. 7 .1 have an interesting book. The interesting book is milk, and sugar. 15. Has your daughter a cat? — Yes, my daughter
new. 8 .1 have a friend. The friend is nice. 9. This is an apple. The has a cat. The cat is not big. The cat is small. 16. This is such an
apple is sweet. 10. My friend has a cat. The cat is good. interesting film.
9 . 1 like milk. 10. You like milk. 11. She likes milk. 12. He knows. read in the evening? 5. What does your father like to do in the
13. She knows. 14. Mother knows. 15. My friends know. evening? 6. Where does you daughter study? 7. What book does
your brother want to buy?
К упражнению 5.2
1. He likes pears. Does he like pears? He does not like pears. К упражнению 5.7
2. We have plums. Do we have plums? We don’t have plums. 3. Kate 1. They sometimes go to Berlin. 2. When do they usually come
often eats apricots. Does Kate often eat apricots? Kate does not to Toronto? 3. Don’t come here in the morning, please. 4. She does
often eat apricots. 4. My mother likes coffee. Does my mother like not want to buy a new TV set. 5. Kate likes pineapples. 6. My father
coffee? My mother does not like coffee. 5. My father wants ice does not want to build a small house, my father wants to build a big
cream. Does my father want ice cream? My father does not want ice house. 7. His daughter wants to listen to this new music. 8. Does he
cream. like to eat ice cream with bananas or with strawberries? —He likes
to eat ice cream with strawberries. 9. Whose pizza is this? — This
К упражнению 5.3 is my pizza. If you want, eat it. 10. Where do you go in the
1. They like to write letters. 2. He often writes letters. 3. My morning? — I don’t go to work, I go to school in the morning.
mother wants to sleep. 4. They often call me. 5. They want to call 11. Where is your cat? — It is on the sofa. 12. Does she often cook
me. 6. My dog likes to play. 7. He usually comes home at seven. pizza? — No, she does not often cook pizza. 13. Tanya likes to
8. He wants to come home at seven. 9. My son wants to drink. drink coffee with milk. 14. Come to London, please.
10. My son always drinks juice.
К упражнению 5.8
К упражнению 5.4 1 .1 go to the institute every day. 2. He comes to the institute at
1. My friends like to drink coffee. Do my friends like to drink nine. 3. We have two lessons a week — on Mondays and on
coffee? My friends don’t like to drink coffee. 2. Your father wants Wednesdays. 4. In the evenings I always rest. 5. My sister has two
to build a house. Does your father want to build a house? Your eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea for breakfast. 6. She speaks the
father does not want to build a house. 3. Tanya likes to run. Does English language well. 7. My working day starts at 8 in the morn
Tanya like to run? Tanya does not like to run. 4. They want to go ing. 8. My father usually leaves at 7 in the morning. 9. We translate
to school. Do they want to go to school? They do not want to go to sentences from Russian into English at the lessons. 10. We have
school. 5. He likes to swim. Does he like to swim? He doesn’t like exams in June. 11. What does he like to cook? - He likes to cook
to swim. Italian dishes. 12. Do your friends read English books? —Yes, they
read English books. 13. Don’t close the book, please. 14. They do
К упражнению 5.5 not send me books. 15. We do our homework together. 16. The
1. Она положила варенье и молоко в холодильник час на lessons at the institute finish at three o’clock. 17. This book is not
зад. 2. Сестра приехала к моей маме из Парижа. 3. Моя дочь difficult for me.
полила цветы в саду. 4. Наша бабушка пришла домой в семь
часов. 5. Мой сын налил чая в чашку. 6. Мы пишем мало. 7. Он К упражнению 5.9
положил книгу на стол. 8. Много друзей приходит ко мне в 1. Who brings you books? 2. Whose mother likes to read in the
воскресенье. 9. Много туристов приехало в наш город вчера. evening? 3. Who wants to drink? 4. Who knows about it? 5. Whose
10. Она работает мало. son wants coffee? 6. Who cooks in your family?
We usually speak English. 3 .1 like these flowers very much. 4. Who К упражнению 5.13
buys milk? —Our grandmother buys milk. 5. Who is there? —This 1. This is the doctor who helps us. 2. My husband knows the
is Ann. 6. Does your son watch many films on TV? — He usually language and sometimes we speak English. 3. His parents live in
watches many films. 7. What does he often write? — He often the country. They have three rooms. I usually go to their place in
writes letters. 8. Where do you live? — I live in Berlin. Berlin is a summer and sometimes in winter. I do not like to go there in
very big city. I live in the center of the city. 9. Do you read many autumn or in spring. 4. I have much work and I am busy. 5. This
books? — Yes. we read many books. ' is a boy who studies well. 6. How much time do you usually spend
at school? — I usually spend three hours at school. 7. How many
subjects do you study? —I study ten subjects. 8. Do you want to go
К упражнению 5.11 to Moscow? —Yes, I want to see my parents. 9. Do you like to play
1. Which of these books do you like? 2. Where do these girls volleyball? 10. What exercise books are these? — These are thin
work? — They work at out bar. 3. What do you usually do in the exercise books. 11. We like to watch TV. 12. Do you want coffee? —
evening? —We usually watch TV in the evening. Sometimes we read No. I don’t want coffee. I want tea. 13. He has a job which he likes
books. 4. What films does your daughter like to watch? 5. In the to do. 14.1 don’t understand this rule. 15. The lesson begins at nine.
morning I go to work. My working day lasts eight hours. 6. This film We don’t have time. 16.1 have a temperature. I want to stay at home
is very interesting. Watch it at home. 7 .1seldom call my friend in the and call the doctor. 17. Our flat is good. It is big and clean. 18. They
evening. 8. Do you study the French language? —No. I don’t study think that we are in Berlin. 19. They know what we want to do.
the French language. I study the English language. 9. Do your sisters
live in Cannes? —No. they live in Sydney. 10. What do you do after К упражнению 6.1
work? —I have lessons in the evening. 11. Whose peaches are these? Chairs, flowers, trees, boxes, cows, buses, dresses, kings, games,
—These are my peaches. —Are these sweet peaches? —Yes. these cats, girls, dogs, books, tables, computers, feet, windows, cars,
are sweet peaches. 12. My son likes strawberry ice cream very much. women, cakes, watches, walls, teeth, lamps, mice, sofas.
13. Who drinks tea in the morning? —We drink tea in the morning.
14. My daughter studies well. 15. Which of these cakes do you like? К упражнению 6.2
These ways, those dresses, these magazines, these girls, those
К упражнению 5.12 books, those walls, these hands, those windows, these wolves, those
1. He wants to say that you are a good friend. 2. How does he computers, those boys, those cities, these ladies.
know the English language? —He knows it well. 3. Who translates
the letters? — He translates the letters. 4. We do not read texts. К упражнению 6.3
5. My friend and I study the English language. 6. Do you know the 1. Are they nice cities? 2. They are pears. 3. Are these apples
sweet? 4. Are they your children? 5. Those apples are not red.
Italian language well? — I don’t know it well. My sister knows the
6. These are not interesting books. 7. These are my dogs. 8. Are
Italian language well. 7. We always come in time for classes.
8. My brother knows what you want to buy at the shop. 9. We often they your bags? 9. Those schools are new. 10. These are his
read newspapers and magazines at home. 10.1 like to read English computers. 11. Where are your friends? 12. These are my sons.
books and I read much. 11. I sometimes speak to my sister in 13. Those girls are my daughters. 14. These are nice girls.
English. 12. My sister is a teacher. She teaches the English lan 15. Those are flowers. 16. They are interesting films. 17. Those are
guage. 13. My mother likes to bake pies and my brother and I like white plates. 18. These are books.
to eat them. i4. He does not know what his mother likes to drink
К упражнению 6.4
in the morning. 15. My grandmother has many friends who she
likes to call in the evening. 16. My son knows many English words 1. The car of my uncle. (My uncle’s car.) 2. The book of my
friend. (My friend’s book.) 3. The aunt of my brother. (My broth
which he likes to repeat.
382 Клюги К урокам № 7 -8 383
er’s aunt.) 4. The dog of my sister. (My sister’s dog.) 5. My К упражнению 7.4
teacher’s table. (The table of my teacher.) 6. The bags of these 1. Do you write much at school? —No, we write little. 2. He has
women are black. (These women’s bags are black.) 7. The children little sugar. 3 . 1 don’t like it when she speaks much. 4. My brother
of my brother are at home. (My brother’s children are at home.) likes to sleep a lot. I don’t like to sleep a lot, I sleep little. 5. My
8. The rooms of the boys are big. (The boys’ rooms are big.) 9. The friend works much and his sister works little. 6 .1 don’t put much
work of these students is interesting. (These students’ work is salt. I put little salt. 7. He does not eat much ice cream. 8. Why
interesting.) 10. The friend of my son is a student. (My son’s friend does she drink so much coffee? 9. We have many friends. 10. She
is a student). 11. The books of Sasha are interesting. (Sasha’s writes us many letters. 11. Many students study well. 12. She
books are interesting.) 12. The room of my friend. (My friend’s works a lot.
room.) 13. The questions of my son. (My son’s questions.) 14. The
wife of my brother. (My brother’s wife.) К упражнению 8.1
1. Give this pen to him. 2. Give him this pen. 3. Bring her tea.
4. Bring tea to her. 5. Give this pen to Sasha. 6. Give these books
К упражнению 6.5 to me. 7. Give Natasha an apple. 8. Send Kate a letter. 9. Send a
1. My sister’s son is a good pupil. (The son of my sister is a letter to Kate. 10. Bring a little milk to your grandmother.
good pupil.) 2. The girl’s skirt is red. (The skirt of the girl is red.)
3. She wants to take your daughter’s pen. (She wants to take the К упражнению 8.2
pen of your daughter.) 4. He often shows me his sister’s letter. 1. This car is not mine. Is it yours? — No, it is not mine. 2. Is
(He often shows me the letter of his sister.) 5. She often takes her this cat yours? —No, it is not ours. I think it is yours. 3. This apple
brother’s book. (She often takes the book of her brother.) is not ours. Is it yours? 4. This cup is not mine. Is it his? - Yes. it
6. Bring the children’s toys. (Bring the toys of the children.) is his. If you want, take mine. 5. This pen is not mine. Is it yours?
7. This is my friend’s family. (This is the family of my friend.) 6. This is my dog. And where is yours? 7. This is my car. And where
8. The mother of my friend is a teacher. (My friend’s mother is a is theirs? 8. I want to take your book because mine is at home.
teacher.) 9. Whose bag is this? —This is the bag of Misha. (This 9. You don’t have a pen. Take mine. 10. Are these your children?
is Misha’s bag.) 10. Do you know where my mother’s book is? Yes, these are my children. And where are yours?
(Do you know where the book of my mother is?) - It is on the
table. К упражнению 8.3
1. My children always walk by themselves. 2. Do you do your
К упражнению 7.1 homework yourself? — Yes, I do it myself. 3 .1 have little time and
Many chairs, many umbrellas, many friends, many doctors, my daughter cooks breakfast for herself. 4. He always comes
much milk, many magazines, many apples, much coffee, many himself. 5. My son always gets up himself in the morning. 6. Do
cups, many houses, much sugar, much butter, many pencils. they want to make the salad themselves? 7 .1 always wash myself ii)
the morning.
К упражнению 7.2
Few bags, few flowers, few boxes, few lamps, little bread, little К упражнению 8.4
salad, few songs, little snow, little love, little hair, few buses. 1. In the evening I often call my brother and Tania calls her
friends. 2. Wait a little. I want to ask him to buy milk and bread.
К упражнению 7.3 3. Sasha calls us every day. 4. He does not know about her trip.
A little paste, a few cakes, a little water, a few forks, few bushes, 5. Where is my pen? - I don’t know where it is. Take mine. 6. These
a little ice cream, few maps, a little snow, a few photos, little ice are his children. And where are hers? 7. This cassette is not mine.
cream. And where is mine? 8. Give this pineapple to Tom. Give Tom this
384 Клюги К уроку № 9 385
pineapple. 9. These books are mine, take them, if you want. 10. К упражнению 9.5
Help us, please. 11.1 know him and his brother. 12. We often meet 1. What did you have for breakfast yesterday? 2. Did they go to
them here. 13. He always cooks breakfast himself. 14. Sasha and Moscow? 3. My friend knew about it. 4. I often wrote her letters.
Vaisa want to go to their grandmother in the summer. 15. She 5. Who brought the coffee? — I did not bring the coffee. Ann
herself goes to the shop. 16. Bring me coffee. Bring coffee to me. brought the coffee. 6. Where did they want to go yesterday? Did
17. My mother wants to buy a new car for herself. 18. My mother they want to go to the restaurant or to the cinema? —They did not
wants to buy a new car herself. 19. Are these suitcases yours? - Yes, want to go the cinema, they wanted to go to the restaurant yester
they are all mine. 20. My friend works much. 21. Give the camera day. 7. He didn’t understand us. 8. Was he your friend? — No, he
to Sasha. 22. Make coffee for yourself. 23. Andrew always travels wasn’t my friend. 9. Where were you in the morning? —I was at the
together with his friends. river. 10.1 did not want to eat, I wanted to sleep. 11. When did you
come home? 12. My mother did not like to get up early in the
К упражнению 9.1 morning. 13. He bought a new TV set. 14. My friend did not study
1. She always comes at 6. She always came at 6. 2. We want to Spanish, he studied Chinese.
drink. We wanted to drink. 3. She often writes letters. She often
wrote letters. 4. My friend sometimes goes to Moscow. My friend К упражнению 9.6
sometimes went to Moscow. 1. They did not invite us. 2. My friend got a good mark. 3. Tom
and Ann studied at the same institute. 4. We worked together for a
К упражнению 9.2 few years. 5. Did he freeze strawberries for winter? 6. My son drew
1. Tom wanted to drink juice. Did Tom want to drink juice? Tom a beautiful picture. 7. He repaired his car on Saturday. 8. Kate did
did not want to drink juice. 2. They called us 7. Did they call us at not go to school as she was ill. 9. Why did she say about it only
7? They didn’t call us at 7. 3. She went to Amsterdam. Did she go yesterday? 10. Did my mother call while I was away (I was not at
to Amsterdam? She did not go to Amsterdam. 4. Kate came early in home)? 11. We did not get her answer yesterday. 12. Yesterday I
the morning. Did Kate come early in the morning? Kate did not sent a letter to my friends. 13. She bought a beautiful dress
come early in the morning. 5. They wanted to buy a new flat. Did yesterday. 14. We came back home late yesterday. 15. Who made
they want to buy a new flat? They didn’t want to buy a new flat. the salad?
К упражнению 9.3
К упражнению 9.7
1. Natasha was at home. Was Natasha at home? Natasha was
1. When did your friend come back to Berlin? — He came back
not at home. 2. The book was on the table. Was the book on the
for to Berlin three days ago. 2. Who left for Moscow? — Ann left
table? The book was not on the table. 3. They were in London in
for Moscow. 3. Is this the city where you were born? 4. I often
September. Were they in London in September? They were not in
remembered my grandmother. 5. The children want to meet (with)
London in September. 4. It was a wonderful morning. Was it a
this writer. 6. My grandmother wanted to bake an apple pie so she
wonderful morning? It was not a wonderful morning. 5. They were
asked me to buy apples. The pie was very tasty. 7. Yesterday my
at school. Were they at school? They were not at school. brother left Paris for Berlin. 8. Where were you yesterday? — We
were at home. 9. Did he call you yesterday? —I don’t think that he
К упражнению 9.4 called (rang) me yesterday. 10. They left Paris. 11. He passed his
1. What did they like to drink in the morning? 2. Who brought
exam in English on Monday. 12. Every time I call them they are not
the dog? 3. Where were they? 4. When did your mother come
at home. 13. That is all I wanted to do for you. 14. Why does she
home? 5. What did your son like to eat? 6. When did you wake up
forget to tell him about it? 15. She remembered his telephone
in the morning? 7. What did you brother want to buy? 8. Whose number. 16. We did not know where he wanted to go.
son broke the cup?
386 Клюги К уроку № 10 387
К упражнению 10.5 English books but we have many Russian books. 18. If she does not
1. Here is the key. Неге it is. 2. Here is my mother. Here she is. prepare dinner, I will be hungry. 19. Please, switch off the light
3. Here is my apple. Here it is. 4. Here are my brothers. Here they when you leave.
are. 5. Here is your ice cream. Here it is. 6. Here are my friends.
Here they are. 7. Here is my computer. Here it is. К упражнению 11.3 (возможные ответы)
1. I live in St. Petersburg/Moscow/etc. 2. I live in a private
К упражнению 10.6 house. 3. No, I don’t have a garden in front of my house. 4 .1 have
1. How often did we go to the cinema together? 2. Where is she? a shop next to my house. 5. No, my house is not far from the bus
3. What was very interesting? 4. Who will write a letter tomorrow? stop. 6. My flat is on the first (первом) floor. 7. My flat is large.
5. When was he in Paris? 6. How many friends did we invite? 8. I have 3 rooms in my flat. 9. I have two beds in my bedroom.
7. Whose house is this? 8. What does she like to drink? 9. Where 10. I have a TV set in my living room.
did we often go last year? 10. Who wants to go to bed earlier today?
11. When will he be at home? 12. Who are good friends? К упражнению 12.1
1. She went to the park. 2. She went into the park. 3. Don’t go
to the shop. 4. Don’t go into the shop. 5. She ran to the courtyard.
К упражнению 11.1
1. Would you like to win a million dollars? — No, I would not 6. She ran into the courtyard. 7 .1 went to the garden. 8 .1 went into
like to win a million dollars, I would like to win ten million dollars. the yard. 9. We went to the forest. 10. We went into the forest.
2. Who would like to drink cold water? 3. She would like to ring 11. Go to the classroom. 12. Go into the classroom.
him now. 4. What would you like to eat? 5. We wouldn’t like to
help her. 6. My daughter would like to study in the USA. 7. He К упражнению 12.2
would like to go to London in the summer. 8. Where would you 1. Vasya opened the door by the handle and went into the house.
like to go tonight? — I would like to go to the restaurant. 9. I He saw a table in the room. He went up to the table. He saw three
would not like to talk (speak) about it now. 10. She did not want plates on the table. 2. Masha was in the room. She stood at the
to sell the house. bookcase. 3. The carpet was on the floor. The children sat on the
carpet and started to play with the toys. 4. Where are the boys? -
They are in the garden. 5. Where is Pete? — He is at the stadium.
К упражнению 11.2 6. We go to the market on Saturday. 7. Go to the shop. 8. Kate
1. Did you buy milk yesterday? —No. I was very busy. I will buy bought milk at the shop. 9. Hang the picture on the blackboard.
milk tomorrow if I am not very busy. 2. What did you have for 10. She poured coffee into the cup and put it on the table. 11. Kate
breakfast? — I had tea and two sandwiches for breakfast. 3. Who is at the table. 12. The cat is under the table. 13. Nick came into the
ate all the apples? — I don’t know. I didn’t eat these apples. I will kitchen and sat at the table. His mother was at the stove. She went
ask my brother. I think he ate all the apples. 4. If he comes, the car up to the table, put the glass on the table and poured water into the
will be at the shop. 5. My mother gets up at six in the morning. Her glass. 14. We went to the restaurant last week.
working day begins early in the morning. 6. What would you like
to eat? 7. Here is my car. Do you like it? 8. He will be late for the К упражнению 12.3
lesson if he does not go to school now. 9. And here you are! Will 1. A fly flew over the table. 2. I have many doctors among my
you bring me the book? You always forget about your promise. friends. 3. What did he look at? 4. My sister will come to see Ann
10.1 will have much work this year. 11. His father died. 12. My son in three hours. 5. We walked through the forest for an hour. 6. Next
likes sport. 13. My daughter is only nine years old. 14. My sister is year we will go south by car. 7. Where is our grandmother? - She
married. 15. Open the book and read the new words for the lesson. is at the restaurant. She will come back from the restaurant in an
16. All the members of our family are doctors. 17. We have few hour. 8. They went towards the swimming pool. 9. The butter is on
390 Клюги К уроку № 12 391
the table. Put it into the fridge. And now sit at the table. 10. The street. 4. Who did you speak to on the phone? 5. We went into the
juice is in the cup. Drink it and put the glass on the shelf. garden. 6. Who did you go to the cinema with? 7. He went along
11. Where is your pen? — It is in my pocket. 12. Put the sweet into the street. 8. She did not come up to me yesterday in the street.
your pocket. 13. He jumped into the river and swam quickly to the 9. Where are you from? — I am from Moscow. 10. Last month he
island. 14. We were at home in an hour. 15. She took her son by the gave me about 20 dollars. I paid for the cinema tickets. 11. On
hand and went across the street. Friday they were near the Indian restaurant in the street not far
from the supermarket. 12. We sailed across the sea. 13. His daugh
К упражнению 12.4 ter likes to play the piano. 14. On Monday we drove about the city
1. In the box. 2. On the box. 3. Near the box. 4. From the box. a lot. 15.1 like to go to Cannes in spring. I don’t like to go there in
5. Out of the box. 6. Under the box. 7. Over the box. 8. Behind the winter. 16. In summer my son always plays football in the field.
box. 9. Between the boxes. 10. Into the box. 17. He jumped over the fence. 18. What did you talk about?
19. This film is very popular with children. 20. My friend lived in
К упражнению 12.5 the North for three years. 21. I had ham sandwiches and coffee
1. Where did you take this old shirt? - I took it out of the with sugar for breakfast. 22. He went into the shop and bought a
wardrobe. 2. Put the books into the bag now because you will litre of milk. 23. Who will we have dinner with in three days?
forget to do this in an hour. 3. She will not go to the concert with 24. Where is your bike? - It is behind the corner. 25. Last week we
us. She will go to the concert with her husband. We will meet watched an interesting film on TV. 26. He took three peaches out
before or after the concert. 4. She took two dresses out of the of the bag and put them into the fridge.
suitcase and put three skirts into it. 5. He sang three songs in the
English language during the concert. 6. On Thursday we sat at the
table at about five o’clock. 7. Last year he paid for this car about К упражнению 12.7
one thousand dollars. 8. They like to walk along the street in 1. We tried to speak to him but he did not want to listen to us.
summer. 9. My daughter helps me about the house. 10. We cooked 2. She did not look at me and did not answer my questions. 3. Your
pizza once a week. 11. This summer they will go to Amsterdam for sister complains about you. 4. When my brother entered the room,
two weeks. 12. My father went into the classroom, took me by my she looked at him. She did not expect him. 5. He turned the corner
hand and took me out of it. 13. He will study in London for a year. at the end of the street. 6. People waited for a bus at the bus stop.
14. I will be free from five o’clock. 15. They will come by ten 7. My little son is afraid of dogs. 8. He did not answer my question.
o’clock on Thursday. 16. She asked to add ice into the cocktail. 9. What do you complain about? 10. Don’t enter the room. 11. What
17. We will go through the forest. I think we will find a good place did you laugh at yesterday? 12. They did not want to listen to us.
there and we will sit down on the grass at the river. 18. She ran into 13. Wait for Kate. I think she will come back soon. 14. If we don’t
the room and ran out of it in a minute. 19. A young tree grows hurry, we will be late for the train. 15. He spoke to (talked to) us yes
between these two old trees. 20. We often go to the restaurant to terday. 16. My mother often complains about headache. 17.1 don’t
have lunch. We order a lot of dishes at the restaurant. 21. My friend have time to speak to you now. 18. He entered the room at nine.
lives in Moscow. 22. He will go to London this week. 23. Where is 19. His sister turned the corner at the end of the house. 20. She will
my book? - It is under the table. 24. In autumn I like to walk with wait for you. Call her and say to her (tell her) that you will not
my dog in the park. 25. We speak English a lot at the English come. 21. She does not want to listen to me. She thinks that I
lessons. deceived her yesterday. 22. He told me about their wedding. 23. It
happened to me about five years ago. 24. She did not want to speak
К упражнению 12.6 to me on the phone. 25. I will be late for work. 26. She says that
1. We read a lot (much) at the lesson. 2. In October we walked you always laugh at her and don’t speak (talk) to her. 27. He spoke
a lot along the streets. 3. She came up to me and we went across the about it to me.
392 Клюги К урокам № 1 3 -1 4 393
К упражнению 12.8 (возможные ответы) 3. We were good friends last year. Were we good friends last
1. My favourite holiday is New Year. 2. We celebrate Christmas year? When were we good friends? Were we good or bad friends last
in January. 3. Yes, I like to celebrate the New Year holiday. 4. We year? We were good friends last year, weren’t we? Who were good
cook many salads for the New Year party. 5. I celebrate Easter with friends? I wonder if we were good friends?
my parents. 6.1 finished celebrating the New Year holiday at five in 4. They will not buy you this car. Will they buy you this car?
the morning. 7 .1 last went to the theatre on Monday. 8. It was The What will they buy you? Will they buy you a new car or a new
Bolshoi Theatre. 9 .1 went there with my friends. 10. We saw a new house? They will not buy you this car, will they? Who will not buy
play. 11. Yes, the play was very good. you this car? I wonder whether they will buy you this car?
К упражнению 14.2
К упражнению 13.1 1. It depends on her. 2. She asked for my car for two hours.
1. My friend likes neither to walk nor to watch TV. (My friend 3. I got acquainted with her in the street. 4. She did not want to
does not like either to walk or to watch TV.) 2. Both Boston and agree to your plan. 5. He asked me for my pen. 6. She will borrow
Philadelphia are beautiful cities. 3. My mother asked me to buy some money from her friend. 7. She did not care for her children.
either sweets or ice cream. 4. We went neither to Copenhagen nor 8. She complains about difficulties in her life. 9. The lesson consists
to Barcelona last year. (We didn’t go either to Copenhagen or to of three parts. 10. Much depends on your answer. 11. His car
Barcelona last year.) 5. She will bake either a cake or pies. 6. She differs from my car. 12. Don’t divide the orange into two parts. She
cooked neither meat nor fish. (She did not cook either meat, or doesn’t want it. 13. She insisted on the trip to London. 14. Before
fish.) 7. Nor my friends nor me (I) liked the film. 8. They learn the trip she wanted to look through the mail. 15. She looked for her
both French and German. 9. Did this new surprise neither you nor friend. 16. How much did you pay for the tickets? 17. He got
your sister? (Didn’t this news surprise either you or your sister?) acquainted with my wife. 18. He translated the letter from Russian
10. Either you or your friend will go to Moscow tomorrow. 11. I into German. 19. He looked through my magazine. He did not like
want neither coffee nor tea. (1 don’t want either coffee or tea.) it. 20. He paid for his mistake. 21. He lost his key yesterday. I will
12. Both apples and pears are tasty fruits. 13. She wants to buy look for it in the room.
either a TV set or a tape recorder. 14. My grandmother likes to go
neither to the cinema nor to the theatre. (My grandmother does not К упражнению 14.3
like to go either to the cinema or to the theatre.) 15. He had neither 1. Do you think that St. Petersburg is a beautiful city? 2. How
brothers nor sisters. (He did not have either brothers or sisters). many times a day do you drink coffee? 3. When did you come back
from Moscow? 4. Why do you eat so much ice cream? 5. Where will
К упражнению 14.1 you go as soon as you get the visa? 6. What will you do when you
1. They bought a new house last year. Did they buy a new house get rich? 7. Whose book is it? 8. What do you like to drink? 9. Who
last year? When did they buy a new house? Did they buy a new is your best friend? 10. When will you buy a new car? 11. What
house or a car last year? They bought a new house last year, didn’t time did you go to bed yesterday? 12. What nightclub do you like
they? Who bought a new house last year? I wonder if they bought in St. Petersburg? 13. When will you come home? 14. What do you
a new house last year? prefer to drink —tea, coffee or cappuccino? 15. What will you do
2. My mother likes to read books in the evening. Does my when you come home?
mother like to read books in the evening? What does my mother
like to read in the evening? Does my mother like to read books or К упражнению 15.1
magazines in the evening? My mother likes to read books in the Long (longer, the longest), clever (cleverer, the cleverest), clean
evening, doesn’t she? Who likes to read books? I wonder if my (cleaner, the cleanest), light (lighter, the lightest), brave (braver,
mother likes to read books in the evening? the bravest), silly (sillier, the silliest), poor (poorer, the poorest).
394 Клюги К урокам № 1 5 -1 6 395
fat (fatter, the fattest), wide (wider, the widest), marry (merrier, seven is the most difficult. 5. This is the longest letter. 6. This film
the merriest), hot (hotter, the hottest). will be much more interesting than the one you brought yesterday.
7. My flat is less comfortable. 8. This computer is not so expensive
К упражнении) 15.2 as the one Sasha bought. 9. This year I have fewer friends than I
Difficult (more difficult, the most difficult), interesting (more had last year. 10. This question is the most difficult. 11. Her work
interesting, the most interesting), talented (more talented, the most is worse than the work of my sister. 12. Whose son is the tallest?
talented), comfortable (more comfortable, the most comfortable), 13. He became much cleverer. 14. Sasha is the youngest in the
beautiful (more beautiful, the most beautiful). family. 15. Your father is so tall. 16. My friend bought such a nice
house.
К упражнению 15.3
1. My mother is as busy as I am (as me). 2. She has as many К упражнению 15.7
books as I have. 3. The summer this year is not so warm as last year. 1. The more she works, the more tired she gets. 2. The less we
4. My computer is not so new as yours. 5. This ice cream is not so speak English, the worse for us. 3. The longer the night, the shorter
tasty as that one. 6. These books are not so interesting as those ones. the day. 4. The more I read this book, the less I like it. 5. The
7. This picture is not so big as yours. 8. Our cat is not so big as yours. brighter the sun shines, the quicker the snow melts.
9. His bag is as heavy as mine. 10. Our city is as beautiful as yours.
son to the shop for ice-cream. 19. We sent him for milk. 20. She to get from Moscow to London? 11. It will get warm soon. It will
is fed up with your promises. 21. She likes it when her child not snow. It will be nice to sit on the bench and listen to the birds.
smiles at her. 12. How much time did it take you to translate this letter? 13. It is
always cold in January. 14. It wasn’t difficult to translate this letter.
К упражнению 17.1 15. It is important to tell him today when we will leave. 16. How
much time did it take him to cook such a tasty dinner? 17. It is
1. It is always warm in summer. 2. Will it be warm this spring?
3. It was dark yesterday at five. 4. It is often cold outside in autumn. summer. It is rather warm. Sometimes it rains. 18. It is interesting
5. It is always light in the evening in summer. 6. It is hot in the to listen to your stories.
room. 7. It was warm yesterday. 8. Will it be hot tomorrow?
К упражнению 18.2 (accustomed) to this city. 16. The freezing cold covered the river
1. There are no books on this table. 2. How many boys and girls with ice. 17. He was ashamed of his old car. 18. She was known for
are there in your class? — There are 12 boys and 10 girls in our her good voice. 19. We were satisfied with your answer. 20. Dogs
class. 3. There was no fruit garden near our house four years ago are very cruel to cats.
and now there is a big fruit garden. 4. There is a cat in the box.
5. There are few trees in our street. 6. There are a lot of (many)
schools in our city. 7. There were ten pupils in our class last year К упражнению 18.5
but now there are only seven in it and there will be only four next 1. What time did you come home yesterday? 2. Where will you go
year as three boys will leave for Canada forever. 8. Are there many tomorrow? 3. When did you call me yesterday? 4. What books do you
magazines on that table? - No, there are only two. 9. There are like to read? 5. Where will you go next summer? 6. Where did you go
two windows in this room. 10. What apricots are there in the last year? 7. Who came to you in the evening? 8. What did you have
fridge? — There are sweet apricots in the fridge. 11. There are for breakfast? 9. How often do you meet your friends? 10. Where will
many teachers at our school. you go in the evening? 11. Why didn’t you come at six? 12. Whose
book is it? 13. What kind of films do you like to watch? 14. What do
К упражнению 18.3 you want to buy at the shop? 15. Why didn’t you call me?
1. There is no (not a) TV set in our room. 2. There were ten
students in our class last year but there are fifteen of them this
year. 3. How many cups coffee of were there on the table? — К упражнению 19.1
There were three cups. 4. There will be a big park near my 1. Give me some juice. 2. Do you want some milk? —No. I don’t
house. 5. The cups are not on the table, they are on the shelf. want any milk. 3. Is there any snow outside? 4. Are there any
6. There are chairs in front of the window. 7. There is a big newspapers on the table? - No, there aren’t any newspapers on the
monument in the middle of the garden. 8. His flat is in the new table. 5. There is some green pen on the table. 6. We don’t have any
house. 9. There is a table in the middle of the room. 10. There cheese. 7. She asked for some money. 8. Do you have any friends
is much light and air in this room. 11. There are no flowers on in the US? — No, I don’t have any friends there. 9. Is there any
the windows. 12. There is no furniture in the room. 13. There is interesting film on TV? 10. I did not see any books on the table.
little furniture in my room. 14. There will be a Chinese restau 11. He will bring you some sandwich if you are hungry. 12.1 would
rant in our street soon. 15. He has no mistakes in his dictation. like to read. Give me any newspaper, please.
16. How many rooms are there in your flat? —There are three
rooms in my flat. 17. There was chicken, potato and salad on my
plate. К упражнению 19.2
1. There are some new buildings in our street. 2. There are no
К упражнению 18.4 flowers in the forest in winter. (There aren’t any flowers in the forest
1. She was satisfied with their work. 2. She was ashamed of her in winter.) 3. Do you want some coffee? 4. She brought some packet.
dress. 3. Our grandmother covered the table with a new tablecloth. 5. He ate some pie. 6. Give me any pen. 7. My mother will buy some
4. She is fond af cooking pizza. 5. She was famous for her beauty. cake and we will go to your brother's place for a birthday party.
6. She is bad at cooking. 7. These magazines are very popular with 8. Did he give you any book to read? 9. There is some juice in the
students. 8 .1 am tired of this loud music. 9. He is not satisfied with glass. 10. He wants to ask you some questions. Do you have some
your marks. 10. I am not sure about (of) it. 11. She was absent at time? 11. There are no sweets in my bag. (There aren’t any sweets
her work the whole week. 12. She is fond of travelling. 13. My in my bag.) 12. There is some soap in the box. 13. He told me some
mother is not very good at maths. 14. My mother was very angry story. 14. She introduced me to some young girl. 15. There is some
with (at) me yesterday. I did not call her. 15. He will not get used dog under the sofa.
400 Кпюги К уроку № 19 401
К упражнению 19.3 want to do something nice for her. 14. Tell us something interest
1. Does anyone want to watch TV? 2. There are parks and ing. 15. He wanted to show you something. 16. Give me something
trees everywhere. 3. There was somebody in that room. 4. The to eat, please. 17. Does anybody know how to cook pizza? 18. Let’s
snow was everywhere. 5. I don’t see anything here. 6. He is go somewhere today.
somewhere in London. 7. Did you know any foreign language six
years ago? — No, I did not know any foreign language six years
ago. 8. It is too late to do something. 9. He did not answer К упражнению 19.6
anything. 10. Is he anywhere at the sea? 11. Does anyone want to 1. Nobody will forget it. 2. Nobody knew what he wanted.
drink? 12. Why doesn’t anybody like this porridge? 13. I found 3. My friend wanted to sing something. 4 . 1 did not want to eat
somebody’s pen. 14. Does anybody have a car? 15. Anyway, anything. 5. My mother never eats anything in the evening.
somebody will be late, we will not wait for them (him). 16. Do (My mother does not ever eat anything in the evening.) 6. Will
you want some wine? 17. He did not want to go anywhere. anybody help me today? — No one will help you because
18. Did you go anywhere? - No, I did not go anywhere. I will everyone is busy. 7. Will we go anywhere on Sunday? 8. I will
go somewhere tomorrow. 19. If anybody leaves we won’t be upset. not go anywhere today. 9. He lives somewhere not far from the
institute. 10. Everything was alright. 11. Does anybody live
К упраж нению 19.4 there? 12. There is something sweet in the bag. 13. Take any
1. There is something on the floor. 2. He knows something book. 14. Where are your glasses? — They are somewhere in
about it. 3. He asked to give him any pencil. 4. There is something the wardrobe. 15. I put my pen somewhere in the morning. I
green on the table. What is it? — It is ink. 5. He was ready to do don’t know where it is. 16. I am ready to go to Paris with
anything for her. 6. Nobody knew anything about it. 7. There are anyone but not with Kate.
a lot of restaurants in the city. There are trees and flowers every
where. This is a very beautiful city. 8. Does he have any friends in
Moscow? 9. There is somebody there. 10. Some people do not like К упражнению 19.7 (возможные ответы)
loud music. 11. Nobody will like it. 12. Nobody bought ice cream. 1. Yes, I will be very upset if I lose my keys. 2 .1like to read any
13. She does not love anyone. (She loves nobody.) 14. There is no newspapers. 3. Yes, I have some cheese at home. 4 .1 enjoy reading
one in the bar. 15. He told us everything about his trip to Paris. detective stories. 5. Yes, there are some books I want to reread.
16. Is there anyone in the office? — No. there is no one there. 6. It is warm outside. 7. No, it is not difficult for me to read in
17. My uncle wants to say something to me. 18. I left my pen English. 8. No, I do not know anybody who lives in London. 9. Yes,
somewhere. I sometimes borrow books from a library. 10. We call this person a
librarian. 11. Yes, I have got a lot of books at home. 12. No, my
К упражнению 19.5 mother does not have any friends in London.
1. Bring me something to drink, please. 2. We will not go
anywhere. 3. Are there any interesting games in your computer? — К упражнению 20.1
No, there are no (aren’t any) computer games there. 4. Is there 1) twenty five, eleven, two hundred fifty eight thousand nine
anything under the table? — Yes, there is something there. 5. Are hundred sixty three, one million five hundred eighty nine thousand
there any flowers on the shelf? — No, there are no (aren't any) six hundred twenty five.
flowers there. 6. He has some interesting books in the Italian 2) the twenty fifth, the seventy eighth, six hundred eighty ninth,
language at home. 7. Is there anything from Chinese cuisine in three thousand two hundred forty eighth.
your restaurant? 8. Call your grandfather, he wants to say some 3) on the twenty fifth of February eighteen seventy four, on the
thing to you. 9 .1 don’t see him anywhere. 10. Did anybody come? eighth of May nineteen thirty five, on the twelfth of June nineteen
11. No one (nobody) will come. 12. He broke some vase. 13. We ninety eight.
402 Клюги К урокам № 20-22 403
you may not take this pen. 8. It may snow soon. 9. Don’t touch the К упражнению 22.8
cat, it may scratch you. 10. He may forget about it. 11. We may miss 1. Will you have to stay at work till six? 2. You will have to talk
the train. 12. May I go out? 13. They may call after nine o’clock in to her about this problem again. 3. We forgot to buy milk and we
the evening. 14. You may fall down. 15. We may go to Dublin in the had to go to the shop. 4 . 1 had to get up early yesterday. 5. Why did
summer. 16. You might call him. I know you have time. 17. May we you have to go there? 6. I hope we will not have to talk about it
go for a walk? — Yes, you may go for a walk. 18. My mother says again. 7. She had to do this again. 8. Kate often has to go to the
that I may swim. shop. 9 . 1 had to call him again. 10. We will have to divide the apple
into four parts.
К упражнению 22.5
1. The children are not allowed to watch TV at night. 2. People
were not allowed to read all books in the former USSR. 3. He is К упражнению 22.9
never allowed to walk for a long time outside. 4. He will not be 1. We must finish this work by Saturday. 2. On Monday we had
allowed to go to the US. He will not get a visa. 5. What are we to start work at seven in the morning. 3. You must sell this car!
allowed to do today? 6. We are not allowed to take abroad more 4. We must help her. 5. We had to cook the whole dinner ourselves.
than 1000 dollars. 7. Who will be allowed to go to Riga? 8. I was 6. You must choose the book (which) you want to buy. 7. It must
always allowed to come home late. 9. He was not allowed to buy be interesting to go to Sydney. 8. He must teach me to speak
such an expensive car. 10. We were not allowed to buy and sell the Japanese. 9 . 1 had to pay a lot of money for the new house. 10. You
land in our country. must not ring me so late. 11. He will have to invite Kate to the
wedding too.
К упражнению 22.6
1. You may not come here so late. 2. I might meet him in the К упражнению 22.10
street. 3. I am not allowed to use my father’s computer. 4. May I 1. He is to give the book back to the library at the end of the
take your car? — No, you may not. 5. He said that my brother year. 2. The lessons are to begin at eight o’clock. 3. They are to get
might be late. 6. We are not allowed to go to the US without a visa. married in June. 4. The concert was to take place yesterday. 5. We
7. He said that you might come. 8. I know you have much money. are to have five English lessons a week this month. 6. The train is
You might give me some. 9. May I take my sister with me? 10. She to come at six. 7. Who is to meet Sasha? 8. And what am I to do
said you might come in. 11. Be careful! You may spill the milk. now? 9. Is he to come at seven? 10. She was to finish school last
12. He may have little time. 13. May I take your book? 14. May I year. 11. He was to start this Monday.
ask you to help me? 15. They may think that he isn’t there. 16. He
may ask us about it. 17. Anything may happen. 18. She may come К упражнению 22.11
after six. 19. Who will be allowed to cut the cake? — I think I will 1. Need you worry about the man who always deceives you?
be allowed to cut it. 2. I don’t need your money. 3. Who needs to buy butter? — He
needs to buy butter. 4. Need I help you? — No, thanks. I will do
К упражнению 22.7 everything myself. 5. You needn’t call her. Anyway, she will not be
1. You must learn these words. 2. It must be difficult to speak able to speak to you now. 6. We have a lot of time. We need not
Japanese. 3. Everyone must go to school. 4. Don’t call him. He must hurry. 7. Need we buy so many bananas? 8. She need not go to the
be busy. 5 .1must go to see him. 6. She must do it today. 7. We must shop: I bought some cheese yesterday. 9. You need not tell me about
be at the station at seven o’clock. 8. We mustn’t be late. 9. Who it twice: I understood everything. 10. Need we go there so early?
must do it? 10. Must we go to work every day? 11. You must not do 11. You need not call him so often. I think that he will come.
this if you don’t want to. 1 2 .1 need to make a telephone call.
406 Клюги К урокам № 22-23 407
К упражнению 22.12 for “boring". 8. The correct form is He can swim. 9. A bull is an
1. You should not worry so much. 2. You should not work so animal. 10. A head nurse works at a hospital. 11. When we want to
much. 3. We should tell him everything. 4. He should study more. buy food, we go to the supermarket. 12. Banana trees grow in
5. You should not drink so much coffee. 6. You should help your Australia. 13. The opposite of the verb “to remember” is to forget.
brother. 7. You should not forget about your promise. 8. You 14. We call this person a waiter.
should tell us the truth. 9. We should go to bed earlier. 10. Children
should drink more milk. 11. Why should she help you? К упражнению 23.1
1. My mother is not playing the piano now. She plays the piano
К упражнению 22.13 in the morning. 2 .1 have two brothers and one sister. 3. What are
1. She could not stay there any longer. She had to go to work. you doing? — I am having breakfast. 4. It is not raining now, it is
2. We may not smoke (in) here. 3. You must not eat so many pears. snowing now. 5. It is getting cold. 6. Is your friend watching TV
You will have a stomach-ache. 4. What could he do? He had no now? - No, he is not watching TV now, he is cooking dinner: 7 .1 s*w*'-
choice. 5. We were not allowed to go out of the classroom during am not drinking coffee now. I am doing my homework. 8. I don’t
the lesson. 6. May I use your telephone? 7. He cannot play football. drink coffee in the evening. I drink coffee in the morning. 9. It is
8. We had to wait more than an hour. 9. You might help me now. not snowing now. 10. Does your friend go to school in the morn
10. When I was a kid (child), I was allowed to read late in the ing? 11. Look! Your child is sleeping. 12. My child always sleeps in
evening. 11. Should I apologize? (Should I say sorry?) 12. The the afternoon. 13. My grandmother does not work. She is a pen
train was to come at six. 13. Need she know about it? 14. Where sioner. 14. My father is not sleeping now. He is working. 15. I
can we buy bread? 15. He may come tomorrow. 16.1 had to leave usually get up at seven. 16. When do you usually come home? -
London two weeks earlier than I was (supposed) to. 17. He will be I usually come home at eight. 17. Does your sister study at the
able to meet us at the shop. institute? - No, she does not study. She works.
К упражнению 22.14
1. You needn’t buy so many strawberries. Our mother bought К упражнению 23.2
two kilos yesterday. 2. I must hurry. I may miss my train. 3. She 1. He is not reading a newspaper now. 2. Hi, Sasha. Where are
decided that she should not go to London this year. 4. Need she you going? - I am hurrying to school. 3. Are you sleeping? - No,
take so many things? It isn’t cold in England in winter. 5. May he I am not sleeping. 4. Look! He is not doing his homework. He is
take your cassette? - No, he may not. 6. The rain may stop soon. watching TV. 5. She is in the bathroom. She is taking a shower.
7. I may not spend so much money. 8. Can you hear that noise? 6. I am not going to deceive her. 7. Ann did not call either. 8. I
9. Can you see this girl? 10. I cannot eat so much. 11. He was think they are playing tennis now. 9. She does not like coffee with
allowed to take his exams much earlier. 12. You may use this tape milk. 10. Where does your sister live? 11. She watches TV every
recorder. 13. She wasn’t able to help him. 14. She might ring. day. 12. Nobody is watching TV now. 13.1 am writing a letter now.
15. She may change her mind, so you should agree. 14. I am not drinking milk now. 15.1 am going for a walk in the
afternoon. 16. Do you recognize me? —No, I do not recognize you.
17.1 like to drink coffee now. I did not like to drink coffee when I
К упражнению 22.15
studied at the institute. 18. What are you saying? I don’t believe
1. When we get on a bus, we pay a fare. 2. Information is never
you. I did not believe you before and I don’t believe you now.
used in the plural. 3. Nice and wonderful are synonyms for the 19. My friend lives in Edinburgh. 20. She reads in the evening.
word “beautiful". 4. Comparative (сравнительная) and superlative 21. She is not going to marry him. 22. Listen! Who is playing there?
(превосходная) degrees of the word “old” are “elder”, “older” and 23. Do you know what he is doing now? — He often watches TV
“the eldest”, “the oldest”. 5. The plural of “foot” is “feet”. 6. The
opposite of the verb “to build” is to destroy. 7. Dull is a synonym at this time.
408 Клюги К уроку № 23 409
К упражнению 23.3 She may be busy. 8. Were you allowed to leave earlier? 9. We will
1. Are you going to the restaurant in the evening or not? 2. She get to the forest in an hour. 10. Somebody wanted to speak to me
is going to London next week. 3. They are going to buy a new TV but I did not know who it was. 11. Speak slower, please, I don’t
set. 4. How do you feel? Are you going to school tomorrow? 5. Our understand you. 12. If you come home later today, you will have to
mother will come soon. 6. She is having lunch at the Petrovs’ have dinner alone. 13. You wrote the test worst of all. 14. Kate will
tomorrow evening. 7. I am leaving for Copenhagen in two days. be able to study better if she spends more time on the English
8. Your wife will call in the morning. 9 .1 am meeting him tomor language. 15. You should work more at your language if you want
row at ten. 10. They are not going to St. Petersburg on Monday. to speak English better. 16. I want to go to the restaurant a little
11. My brother is getting married in September. 12. I am going to earlier. There will not be so many people there.
the shop.
К упражнению 23.7
К упражнению 23.4 1. Do you know where our son is? — He is in the room. He is
1. If my husband earns much money this year, we will buy one playing with the cat. 2. It is getting warm. 3. If it snows, we will not
more flat. 2. He brought her some more water. 3. She is still writing go outside. We will stay at home. 4. Somebody must buy meat. If you
the letter. 4. What other photos will you bring? 5. What else did he don’t buy meat, our grandmother will not make cutlets. 5. My
tell you about me? 6. What else did your mother buy? 7. My friends are leaving for Moscow in two days. 6. You needn’t buy so
brother wanted to buy one more computer. 8. What other books do many sweets. I bought a whole kilo yesterday. 7. If he does not ring,
you like to read? 9. Who else called me? 10. Is it still raining? we will ring him ourselves. 8. He wanted to say something but later
11. She does not know about it yet. We will call her in the evening he changed his mind. 9. If nothing changes in the country in five
and tell her everything ourselves. 12. She wants some more juice. years, we will in immigrate to Canada. 10. He had many friends in
13. What other cities did you visit last year? 14. My mother wants Vilnius. 11. She will not be able to learn so many rules in two days.
another piece of this wonderful cake. 12. You should not promise what you will not be able to do. 13. My
daughter is only three years old but she can already count to ten.
К упражнению 23.5 14. Nothing will help you if you do not change something now.
1. He asked to bring him some more milk. 2. Are they still here?
3. Is he still at school? — Yes. he is still at school. 4. I think you К упражнению 23.8
should drink some more hot tea. 5. She does not know our new 1. Can you speak English? 2. Did you ask anybody for help?
address yet. 6. We are not ready yet. We will come after five. 7. My 3. Did it snow much last winter? 4. What are you cooking for
son is still eating. 8. Call her. She is not sleeping yet. 9. What other dinner? 5. Why do you have to get up early in the morning? 6. Can
tales did your grandmother read you? 10. She wanted to give him you help me in the evening? 7. Is there any butter in the fridge?
one more tie. 11. We did not know what else we could talk about. 8. Where are you going in the evening? 9. Is there any jam in the
12. He called two more friends of his. 13. What other magazines jar? 10. Do you want to drink mineral water? 11. What will you
will we be able to buy at the store? 14. He is still trying to get have, fish or meat? 12. Will you bake a cake in the evening? 13. Do
through her on the phone. you like to smoke after lunch? 14. Are you reading a new book?
15. Were you allowed to watch TV at night when you were a child?
К упражнению 23.6
1. Tomorrow we will get up earlier to come to your place on К упражнению 24.1
time. 2. My brother has a new car now. He bought it last year. 1. We played football yesterday. 2. We were playing football
3. The more I sleep, the better I feel. 4. Don’t call her. She is having yesterday at seven o’clock in the evening. 3. We were playing
lunch. 5. My brother does not want to speak about it again. 6. If football from six till seven in the evening. 4. When Misha came to
she gets a visa to the US, she will go to Florida. 7. Don’t ring her. the stadium, we were playing football. 5. When I came into the
410 Клюги К уроку № 24 411
room, she was dusting the furniture. 6. He did not call me yesterday К упражнению 24.3
at seven. 7. We were walking along the street and talking yesterday 1. We should not invite her. She is such a bore. 2. She always
at ten. 8. Why was she sleeping yesterday at three o’clock? 9. Did talks about her children. 3 .1 did not know anyone in London, that
she bake a pie yesterday evening? 10. We were arguing the whole is why I wanted to leave. 4. It is summer. It is warm outside. We
evening yesterday where to go in the summer. 11. She was washing often go to the river. We can sometimes spend the whole day at the
the floor from three till six, then she got dressed and went to the river. 5. Are there many beautiful buildings in London? 6. You
shop. At the shop she bought milk, eggs, sugar, butter and the needn’t tell her about it. She knows everything. 7 .1 did not see her
whole evening she was baking pies. 12. When the mother entered yesterday. She did not call me, although I was waiting for her phone
the room, she saw that her little son was sitting on the floor and call the whole evening. 8. Lena always helps her mother about the
playing with his toys. 13. We were having dinner at the restaurant house. 9. Bring me something to read. 10. Speak up. She isn’t
while our mother was working. 14.1 was reading a book yesterday sleeping. 11. Didn’t she invite us? 12. Who was she talking to when
at six. 15. She wasn’t sleeping at 7, she was speaking on the phone. I came in? 13. When will she come home tomorrow? 14. He rang
16. What were you doing the whole evening yesterday? 17. When me up yesterday at one o’clock.
I came home my mother was baking pies. 18. What was your father
doing when you came home? 19. Yesterday I met him in the street. К упражнению 24.4
He was running somewhere. 20.1was at the restaurant at this time 1. Do you know who she is writing the letter to? 2. There is
yesterday. I was having dinner. 21. Where were you going yesterday much meat in the fridge. Take some for yourself. 3. Where is your
when I met you? son? — He is at school. And yours? 4. She always does everything
herself. 5. Where will you be tomorrow at this time? - I don’t
know. I think I will go to school. I will be at school till six. Call me
К упражнению 24.2 (give me a call) if you want. 6. What are you reading? — I am
1. I was taking a shower while my wife was making breakfast. reading an interesting book. My brother gave it to me. If you call
2. When I rang, my sister was sleeping. 3. When my grandmother me on Tuesday, I will give it to you to read. 7 .1 will not be able to
was watching TV, someone rang. 4. When I was going to the shop call you tomorrow. 8 .1 was looking through her letters the whole
yesterday, I met Kate. 5. What were you doing the whole evening evening yesterday. I think she loved him. 9 .1 was ashamed of you.
yesterday? - I was watching TV. 6. When the mother opened the You were so rude. 10. Look. She is coming to us. I don’t know what
door, she saw that the children were playing. 7. They were drinking she wants to say to us. 11. Are these their books? And where are
tea when I came. 8. I did not see him yesterday. 9. Where was he mine? 12. I was unpacking her suitcase while she was making
yesterday? - He went to the hospital. 10. When did he call her coffee. 13. What did you make your salad of? 14. Here is our house.
yesterday? — He called her at seven. 11. We were watching a film We built it three years ago. I must say it was not easy.
from 8 till 10. 12. He was going to the institute yesterday when I
saw him in the street. 13. When our father came home, our mother К упражнению 25.1
was cooking dinner. 14. Yesterday the lessons began at nine. 1. Will she be doing her homework at eight o’clock? 2. We will
15. Our grandfather was reading a newspaper at ten yesterday. not be playing chess the whole evening. 3. She says that they will
16. When did you begin to do your homework? 17. She came home be waiting for you at seven. 4. She will be writing the letter while
at seven. She entered (came into) the room. Her grandfather was you are sweeping the floor. 5 . 1 will be working the whole evening
reading, her mother was watching TV, her elder sister was speaking tomorrow. 6. We will meet them when they are going to the
on the phone. 18. Where were you on Sunday? — We were at the institute. 7. When I come here, my children will be playing. 8. We
restaurant. We had dinner. 19.1fell asleep about ten. 20. Where did will be baking a cake with strawberries tomorrow at five. If you
you spend last summer? - I went to Barcelona. 21. I came home want, just come. 9. When we come to school, they will be doing the
about eight and I saw that my wife was washing clothes. test. 10. I will be walking in the park from 7 till 8 o’clock.
412 Клюги К урокам № 25-26 413
К упражнению 25.2 it well. 13. Have you seen Ann today? — Yes. She recently came
1. What is the colour of the walls in your kitchen? 2. Why are here and left soon after. 14. I am leaving now. You may read my
you whispering? Nobody is sleeping. 3. My son woke up at five books and magazines. 15. It is a pity that you did not bring your
o’clock in the morning and he couldn’t fall asleep till six. 4. My car cigarettes. I want to smoke.
is too small. Lets take yours. 5. She advised us to spend our
vacation in Turkey. She says that the service in Istanbul is very К упражнению 26.2
good. 6. Is your coffee strong enough? —Yes. thanks. I don’t like 1. Have you read this book yet? How did you like it? 2 .1 wanted
very strong coffee. 7. It is only six o’clock now. We still have some to watch this film last week but I could watch it only the day before
time to watch this film. 8. Could you give me a cigarette? —I am yesterday. 3 .1 haven’t been very often to the cinema or the theatre
sorry but I left my cigarettes at home. 9. Will she go to have this year. 4. Has your son graduated from the institute yet? 5. Have
dinner with us? — I think she will be able to go only in an hour. you been to Madrid yet? - No, I want to go there in July. 6 .1 have
10. My sister has tickets for the new film and she is asking who just met him. 7 .1 have never heard of it. 8. Have you moved to your
wants to go with her. 11. Here are the cakes. I think we can drink new flat yet? 9. Sasha hasn’t told me about it yet. 10. You have
tea without sugar. The cakes are sweet enough. made many mistakes in the dictation. 11. Have you ever seen this
writer? 12. I have read three books this month. 13. My friend left
К упражнению 25.3 (возможные ответы) for Los Angeles a week ago and he hasn’t called me yet. 14. I
1. I like different films. 2. I enjoy going to the cinema more. haven’t seen my brother lately. 15. Have you read the article about
3. No, I do not like opera. 4 .1 can cook well in my family. 5. Yes. our town in the newspaper today? 16. Have you ever been to
I can fry a piece of meet myself. 6. We should not eat much in the London? — No, I will go there this year.
evening because it is harmful. 7 .1 can learn 50 new words every
day. 8. Yes, I must attend all the English lessons. 9. We must show
К упражнению 26.3
our documents to the police. 10. We call this person a playwright.
11. She will be watching TV tomorrow at seven. 12. No, I am not 1. How many geography lessons have you had this month?
reading a book now. 13. My father was reading a book when I 2. She has met two of her friends today. 3. We were here a year ago.
Remember? 4. Show the pictures (which) you have made. 5. A lot
came home yesterday. 14. No, it is not difficult to cook a tasty
dinner. 15. No, I was not talking on the phone while my mother of new houses have appeared in Moscow since the last time he came
here. 6 .1 saw Tanya on Saturday. 7 .1 have broken my watch. What
was reading a book yesterday. 16. Yes, I often go to the cinema.
is the time? 8. He has never been to Germany. 9. He has already
К упражнению 26.1 forgotten about it. Can you imagine that? 10. He has written her a
1. I have just received a letter from him. 2. I have never swum couple of letters. She hasn’t answered so far. 11.1 cannot give you
this book because I have given it to Ann. 12. He has seen much in
in the ocean. 3. She has translated a few letters lately. 4. She has
these two weeks. 13.1 have lost my book. I don’t know what to do
never eaten such tasty ice cream. 5. My friend says that her parents
have bought a very expensive car. She says that they bought it last now. 14. Please, give me a slice of the pineapple. — Here it is. 15.
My friend is a waitress. She works at the Chinese restaurant.
Saturday. 6. Have you been to the library yet? —Not yet. I will go
there after lessons. 7. There were a lot of people at the library.
8. Have you read this book? It is very easy and interesting. К упражнению 26.4
9. Please, bring some interesting book to read. - I can give you a 1. He has already done his homework and he may (can) go for a
very interesting new book. I have already given it to my mother and walk. 2. My sister has just come. 3. When I called him yesterday, he
she says that she liked it very much. 10. Where is your sister? —She was busy. He was helping his mother about the house. 4. She left a
has left. 11. How did you like the last film on TV? 12. When I was minute ago. 5. Tomorrow at this time I will be flying on the plane
a kid (in my childhood) I lived in Barcelona. That is why I know and drinking coffee. 6. We have never been to Tokyo. I think we will
414 Клюги К урокам № 26-27 415
two pizzas. Look, she is eating a pizza again. She will grow fat if she 4. I will leave Moscow as soon as I have finished the translation.
eats so much. 4. She looked out of the window and saw that the 5. He will not call you until I speak to you. 6. As soon as I come
children were in the courtyard. They were running. 5. We will be home, I will call you. 7. As soon as you get the letter, give me a call.
helping him tomorrow at about seven. 6. Do you know what car he 8. Will you have come by five? 9. We will have already passed all
has bought? 7. She wanted to go to the city where she had spent the the exams by October. 10.1 will have already moved to London in
best days of her life. 8. When I came home, my children had already three years and everything will be alright with me. 11. He will not
had dinner. 9. Yesterday Kate gave me the book which she had have signed the contract by seven o’clock yet. He needs to think.
promised. 10. Have you finished? — We will finish at seven. 12. Will you have repaired my watch by Friday yet? 13. We will
11. When I came home, my brother told me that somebody had have already sold everything by the summer. 14. He will have
called me. 12.1 thought that I had lost the key. 13. They were glad already left by the time you come.
that they had passed all the exams. 14. This ice cream is as sweet
as that one. 15. We were not allowed to speak at the lessons. 16. We К упражнению 28.2
had finished by seven. 17. What did she say when I rang? 18. We 1. What did he have for dinner? 2. He always conies to work
were having breakfast at seven. He was sitting in front of me. I at half past six. 3. If he is late one more time, we will fire him.
think he left at about eight. 19. He thought that we had quarrelled. 4. Tomorrow Ann will go to the cinema. 5. Why are you shouting?
20. She said that our father had not come yet. What has happened? 6. When will she come to see us? - She will
come tomorrow, if she does not have much work. 7. Our mother
К упражнению 27.4 will have already baked a cake by seven o’clock. We will all sit at the
1. Have you ever seen such a beautiful street? 2. We were going table and drink tea. 8. There was nothing in the fridge. He did not
by train and they were flying to America at this time. I don’t know know what to cook for dinner. 9. She was looking for you a whole
when we will see each other again. 3. My sister has just called them. hour. Where have you been? 10. She will come either in May or in
We know that everything is all right with them. 4. She has an June. 11. Look! My sister has swum across the river! 12. When I
interesting job now. I think it is more interesting than the one she came to work, I remembered that I had left the book at home.
had last year and she does not have to get up early. 5. These books
are not so interesting as those ones. 6. We will not be able to finish К упражнению 28.3
this work today. 7. Why are you so late? It is already eight o’clock. 1. It is difficult for you to translate this letter. If it is too difficult,
—Don’t get angry at (with) me. I could not come earlier. 8. When I will be able to help you. 2. He will not have repaired the car by
Kate came, they were watching some film. 9. Look! What tasty pies eight. (He will not repair the car by eight.) He has too little time.
she has bought. 10. It is warmer today than yesterday. We can take 3. She will be working at seven tomorrow. Don’t call her. 4. We will
our children for a walk. 11. He says that this room is more be making crab salad while you are cooking pork. Is it a deal? 5. He
comfortable than that one. I think it is one of the best rooms in our came at eleven yesterday. I don’t like it when he comes so late. 6. 1
flat. 12. She is upset: her son has got a bad mark. 13. What is the will show you my house if you like (want to). 7. We shouldn’t speak
time by your watch? —I don’t know, my watch has stopped. 14. We about it right now. I think we will be able to speak about it tomorrow.
haven’t seen each other for a long time. We last met three years ago. 8. My little son has never seen an elephant. If we go to the zoo, I will
15. She was cleaning the windows at home the whole evening show him a big elephant. 9. Let’s go for a walk. The rain has stopped.
yesterday. She was very tired.
К упражнению 28.4
К упражнению 28.1 1. Why did you come home so late yesterday? 2. Who are you
1. He will have finished his work by next month. 2. We will have speaking on the phone to? 3. How long will it take you to do your
already solved this problem by the end of the week. 3. We will have homework? 4. Will you be able to call me after work? 5. Is there
already been together for three years by the 28th of December. much snow outside? 6. Where have you been today? 7. How long
418 Клюги К уроку № 2 9 419
did it take you to bake the cake? 8. What will you be doing free earlier, give me a call. 12. The summer has come. The days are
tomorrow at two? 9. Is it warmer today than it was yesterday? getting longer. It is getting warmer. 13. Yesterday from seven till
10. Is it difficult for you to get up early in the morning? 11. What eight I was trying to persuade him that he was wrong but nothing
have you bought at the shop? 12. Will you go to the park with us came out of it. 14. We have bought a new sofa. 15. When she
in the evening? 13. What were you doing the whole evening? entered the classroom, the children were reading some book.
14. Are you good at English? 15. Have you had had dinner yet?
К упражнению 29.3
К упражнению 29.1 1. My son did not want to go either to Kiev or to Moscow. (My
1. My daughter is speaking on the phone. She has already been son wanted to go neither to Kiev nor to Moscow.) 2 .1 was speaking
speaking on the phone the whole hour. 2. What are you doing? — on the phone from five till six, that is why my line was busy. 3. If she
I am watching TV. I have already been watching TV for more than hasn’t passed her exams by the 20,h of July, she will not go to Berlin.
five hours. 3. Where is he? - He is at the library. He is working. He 4. She has eaten and now she can read her book. 5. He will never be
has been working there since the morning. 4 .1 live in Monte Carlo. allowed to take a holiday. 6. When I came home I saw that somebody
I have already lived there for more than five years. 5. She has been had broken my vase. 7. Have you been working at this restaurant
doing her homework since three o’clock but she hasn't done even long? —I have been working at this restaurant since 1991. 8. If you
half of it. 6 .1 have been waiting for you since two o’clock. Where ask her, she will help your son with English either today or tomor
have you been? 7. What is he doing? - He is reading. He has been row. 9. This porridge is uneatable. 10. My daughter is already big.
reading since two o’clock. He has already read 100 pages. 8. His She cooks herself. 11. It has got warm again and the snow has
telephone has already been ringing for ten minutes. I think he isn't melted. I think it will not snow any more this year. 12. She has
at home. 9. How long have you been driving a car? —I have already dreamt of going to London all her life. I hope her dream will come
been driving a car for more than ten years. 10. We have already true. 13. Why is she crying? —She has crashed her car. 14. The more
been walking for three hours and we have already walked 15 km. I learned about this man, the more I liked him. 15. It has been
11. Where have you been? — I have been watering the flowers. snowing for more than three hours. If it hasn’t stopped by six
o'clock. I will call Tanya and say that we will not come.
К упражнению 29.2
1. Don’t go to see Tanya. She is busy. She is doing her home К упражнению 29.4
work. If you come to her after 7. she will be happy (glad). 2. He 1. Monte Carlo is in France. 2. We call this place a butcher's.
told neither me nor my husband about his purchase. (He did not 3. Wolf is mammal. 4. “105306" is a syoonym for the word “crazy”.
say about his purchase either to me or to my husband.) 3. There 5. For example: “It is hard to do it" and “I hardly know him.” 6. The
will be much snow outside. 4. She is baking her pies again. She has opposite of the word "ugly" is "beautiful". 7. A hawk can fly. 8. Ad
already been baking her pies for three hours. We will be eating vice is never used in the plural. 9. If we have a headache, we take
them the whole week. 5. Is she sleeping again? Wake her up. I need pills. 10. All of them are used in continuous tenses. 11. The correct
to say something to her. 6. It is getting cold. It will snow soon. form is: “He studied in England for three years.” 12. The opposite of
7. Did she go to the restaurant? - I think she did. She went to the the word “regular” is “irregular”. 13. The plural of “sheep” is “sheep".
restaurant at about seven. 8. Yesterday my sister was speaking on 14. We call the place where we buy bread “bakery”.
the phone while I was watching TV. 9. I lost his pen when I was
playing football yesterday. If I don’t buy him a new one. he will get К упражнению 30.1
angry with me. 10. What have you cooked for today? — You know, 1. When I came, he had already been watching TV for more than
I have had little time and I have not cooked anything. I will have five hours. 2. When she rang up, Kate had already been reading her
cooked something by five. 11. What will you be doing tomorrow at book for more than six hours. 3. By six o’clock they had already been
five? - I will be helping my son to do his homework. - If you are going by train for more than ten hours. 4 .1came at six. Everyone had
420 Клюги К урокам № 30-31 421
left long ago. 5. When you sent the letter, we had already been living be so difficult to tell the truth. 14. She would not like to see him
in Moscow for more than ten years. 6. By the time the child fell now. He has really offended her.
asleep his mother had already been cooking dinner for more than
two hours. 7. When the mother came, her children had already been К упражнению 31.1
doing their homework for more than an hour. 8. When he remem 1. I will finish this letter tomorrow evening. 2. I will have
bered. they had already left. 9. He called them in a few years. They finished my book by next summer. 3. I will have already been
had already been living in London for more than five years. 10. By cooking for the whole hour by the time you come. 4. By the 20th
eight o’clock in the evening she had already been speaking on the of January we will have already been working together for more
phone for more than three hours. than 8 years. 5. I will have already been reading this book for
more than three hours by seven o’clock. 6. In September we will
К упражнению 30.2 have already been married for more than 10 years. 7. She will
1. She found an old coin when she was working in the garden. bring the letter by seven. (She will have brought the letter by se
2. He sold his flat, then he sold his car, gave up his job and moved ven.) 8. By eight o’clock you will have already been telling me
to another city. 3. Why are you shouting at me? I have done about it for the fifth time. 9 .1will be doing my homework tomor
nothing wrong. 4. Is it difficult for you to speak about it? row at five. Don’t call me. And by eight o’clock I will have already
5. When I woke up yesterday I saw that she was sitting and looking been doing my homework for more than three hours. 10. They
at me. I did not know why she was looking at me. 6. You are late. will not go to school tomorrow.
She left ten minutes ago. 7. My mother usually drinks coffee blit
now she is drinking tea. 8. We have already been walking for more К упражнению 31.2
than an hour and we have already walked more than ten kilometers. 1. I was trying to get through to you on the phone the whole
9. Let’s go outside. The rain has stopped. 10. He (has) told me week. Where were you? 2 .1 don’t think I have seen this film before.
something about it but I don’t (can’t) remember what. 11. Do you 3. He has come at last. We have been waiting for him so long. (We
want some potatoes with fish? - No, thanks I have already eaten. have waited for him so long.) 4. There is no life without air. 5. He
12. What are you talking about? We haven’t been there. has lived a long life. 6. Can you pass me the salt, please? (Pass me
the salt, please.) 7. Don’t sit at the window, you will catch a cold.
К упражнению 30.3 8. Nobody likes bad weather. 9. Water is necessary for life. 10. He
1. How long have you been learning English? — I have already cannot swim in such cold water. 11. He has never seen such a
been learning English for more than five years and I have already strange person. 12. Why do you wear glasses? (Why are you
learnt almost all the rules. 2. Hurry up! They are waiting for us. — wearing glasses?) 13. What are you doing here? - I am waiting for
They are not waiting for us. They will be waiting for us after seven. a bus. — Have you been waiting long? — I have already been
3. She does not know what she wants. She herself makes problems waiting for 30 minutes.
for herself. 4. She hasn’t seen him yet. When she sees him she will
tell him what she thinks of you. 5. This car is not mine. It is yours. К упражнению 31.3
6. My husband started looking for a job a year ago but he hasn’t 1 .1 had been looking for my book for almost two hours when
found anything good yet. 7. It has been raining since three o’clock. you called and said that you had found it on my table. 2. How
I hope it will have stopped by seven. 8. She liked neither winter nor much time did it take you to guess who had called you? 3. Much
summer. (She did not like either winter or summer.) 9. Who helps has recently changed. 4. It has been snowing for three days. I
you to cook breakfast? 10. If you want it, everything will change. think that it will stop soon. 5. She did not know whether to laugh
11. She hadn't called by seven o’clock in the evening yesterday. And or to cry when she learnt that he had deceived her again. 6. There
we were waiting for her phone call the whole evening. 12. If you are a lot of homeless in this district. 7. Why are your clothes so
want something, it will definitely come true. 13. Sometimes it can dirty? 8. Do you know where she was at two o’clock in the
422 Клюги К уроку № 32 423
morning? — I do, we were together. We were drinking coffee at the same bar when we were students. 2. Have you invited Sasha? —
the local bar. — You have started to meet each other very often. Yes, he said he would come at seven. 3. The weather was bad
Maybe you will get married soon? — Everything (anything) can yesterday when we went to the forest. 4. It snowed in the country
happen. Who knows? 9. I wonder where she is now? yesterday. — It is strange. It rained heavily in St. Petersburg and
today it is very warm outside. 5 .1 get up earlier now because I have
К упражнению 31.4 (возможные ответы) to make breakfast for my brothers. 6. He has a chocolate bar. We can
1. Columbus discovered America. 2. The capital of Germany is drink a cup of tea. 7. Today the weather is as bad as yesterday. 8. If
Berlin. 3. Washington was the first president of the USA. 4 .1 have we go to the station by bus we will be late. 9. Please, tell the children
working since morning. 5. I know London, Paris, Amsterdam, a funny story. Most of all they like stories about animals. 10. Where
Berlin. 6. The letters CIS (СНГ) stand for Commonwealth of did you buy this video recorder? —At the new shop. — Expensive?
Independent States. 7. The population of Great Britain is over 58 — I paid 150 dollars for it. — I like yours more than mine.
million people. 8. No, nobody is waiting for me now. 9. No, I am 11. February is the coldest month of the year. 12. This coat is warmer
not bad at driving. 10. Yeltsin was the first president of Russia. than my old one and I will put it on. 13. It is rather cold outside
11.1 went to the restaurant a week ago. 12. No, I have never seen today. 14. Have you finished your work? — No, I have done just a
a crocodile. 13. No, I am not scared to stay at home alone at night. part of it. 15. Is summer hotter in St. Petersburg or in Moscow? -
14. Yes. I will be upset if it rains in the evening. 15. We mustn’t Summer in St. Petersburg is not so hot as in Moscow.
smoke because it is not good for our health. 16. Yes, I will be able
to help you tomorrow if you ask me to. К упражнению 32.4
1. We enjoyed this film a lot. 2 .1will tell them about your work.
К упражнению 32.1 3. What are they talking about? — They are talking about your
1. He says he will buy a new flat. 2. He said he would buy a behaviour. 4. She says that your son is very able. 5. Excuse me. What
new car. 3. He says he will have already moved to his new flat in did you say? (What have you said?) 6. Don’t speak so quickly, please.
December. 4. He said he would have already moved to his new flat 7. Speak up. It is very noisy (in) here and I cannot hear you. 8. Tell
in December. 5. He says he will be watching TV the whole us something about your hometown. 9. Tell him that he is wrong.
evening tomorrow. 6. He said he would be watching TV the whole 10. We will speak about this film at the lesson. 11. Can any of your
evening. friends speak Japanese? 12. Did they answer you anything?
13. Don’t tell him that we are leaving soon. 14. Don’t speak, please.
К упражнению 32.2 15. Everyone says that the film was wonderful. 16. Whom did you
1. She knew that we would come after eight. 2. She was afraid tell about it? 17. Who were you speaking to so loudly when we
that I would not keep my promise. 3. Nobody knew that she would came in? 18. Didn’t you see anything either? 19. Here is my car.
deceive us. 4. She did not expect that they would change their Take it, if you like (want).
mind. 5 .1 thought that I would have finished writing this letter by К упражнению 32.5
two o’clock. 6. He did not hope that he would get the visa. 7. I 1. When she went outside, it was snowing. 2. She told him about
knew he would let us down. 8. She did not expect that he would what she had seen in Berlin. 3. Do you know where my pen is? I put
give her so many roses. it somewhere and I cannot find it. I have already been looking for
it a whole hour. 4. What was she doing from six till nine? —I don’t
К упражнению 32.3 know. I called her but no one answered. 5. Call him as soon as you
1. Are you going to the railway station to meet Kate? — Of come. 6. What are you doing here? — I am waiting for you. 7. He
course we are. I am glad she will be in Moscow again. — Did you had lived in Edinburgh for more than five years before he moved to
study at the same institute? —Yes, we did. Besides, we worked at London. 8. He has come. He is speaking to his sister. 9. Have you
424 Клюги К уроку № 33 425
read the book I gave you yesterday? 10. She will join us as soon as to London. 13. Kate said that she wanted to give us a vase. 14. My
she has dinner. 11. She will be waiting for us from seven till eight. friend said that they had been waiting for us the whole evening.
12. He remembered what he had promised her. 13. She was sitting 15. He said that Ann was at home.
at the café when he met her. 14. The boy fell and hurt himself.
15. He has fallen ill. Call the doctor. 16. What was she doing in the К упражнению 33.3
morning? — She was working in the garden. 17. She left about a 1.1 was sure that you would not let me down. 2 .1was afraid that
month ago. 18. They have moved to a new flat this month. 19. He he would get tired. 3. They were sure that he would definitely buy
studies better than his mother did. 20. He will leave Moscow as that new car. 4. She said that pineapples were his favourite fruits.
soon as he finishes his business. 21. They had been working in the 5 .1 am sure that he will leave soon. 6. We thought that you worked
garden a whole hour when it suddenly started to rain. 22. If they at this restaurant. 7 .1 knew that my sister was studying the French
want, they will call themselves. language and I thought that she would go to Paris. 8. My friends said
to me that you had called me. 9 .1 thought that you were in Pskov.
К упражнению 32.6 10. I did not know that you had already come back to Manchester.
1. Who saw you yesterday? 2. What was he doing when you 11. He thought that he would not go back to the US. 12. She knew
came in? 3. When did you buy a new computer? 4. Where has she that he would not call her. 13. Kate was sure that they would invite
been this month? 5. What is he fond of? 6. How long has he been her to the wedding. 14.1 did not know that her children had wanted
speaking on the phone? 7. When didn’t she call him? 8. When will to eat. 15. He asked who of us wanted to eat. 16. Last year they
he buy a new house? 9. What were they watching when you came thought that they would never read Japanese well. 17. My mother
in? 10. What has fallen on the floor? 11. Where did we find a lot said that you had been waiting for me the whole evening.
of new books? 12. When will you tell me the story? 13. When will
we be waiting for her? 14. What are you not very good at? К упражнению 33.4 '
К упражнению 33.1 1. My sister said that she wanted to divorce her husband. 2. We
learned yesterday that she had left. 3. She thought that he would
1. She said that she wanted to go to Berlin. 2. She said that she
was going to Berlin. 3. She said that she would go to Berlin. 4. She not go to Dublin. 4. He asked where we had bought the tickets.
5. He wanted to know what we had bought but we told him that it
said that she would have already come back from Berlin by June
wasn’t his business. 6. He said that he would give up smoking.
8. 5. She said that she had gone to Berlin last year. 6. She said that
she had just come back from Berlin. 7. She said that that they were 7. He said that he did not know when the film would start. 8. She
waiting for you. said that if we took a taxi we would not be late for the train. 9. He
asked me what I would do in the evening. 10. He said that he would
be at home at seven. 11.1 knew that your mother was ill. 12. She
К упражнению 33.2
married an Englishman and said that she would not come to
1. My friend said that he liked to play football. 2. Everyone Moscow any more. 13. I did not think that you all would wait for
knew that she would go to Rome. 3. I am sorry. We did not think me. 14. She said that the weather would change soon. 15. Tom did
that you were waiting for us. 4 .1 thought that you would be late for not notice that Sandra was speaking to someone. 16. They did not
the cinema. 5. He said to me yesterday that he had studied in Paris know that I was in Barcelona. 17. He did not know that we had
before. 6 .1 heard that you were leaving Brussels. 7. We decided last
been living together for more than ten years.
week that we all would go to the Canary Islands next summer. 8 .1
did not know that she could speak Polish. 9. We did not know who
К упражнению 33.5
had brought the cake. 10. He asked me where I wanted to go in the
a) — What are you going to do tomorrow?
summer. 11. I didn't know that she had come. I thought that she
— I am leaving for New York.
would come only in the summer. 12. We hoped that we would go
— From Moscow?
426 Клюги К уроку № 34 427
— No, from Warsaw. 6. He asked not to forget to call her. 7. She asked not to go there
— Strange. Isn’t it easier to leave from Moscow? so early.
—I think it isn’t. The ticket costs much cheaper from Warsaw.
- I see. К упражнению 34.4
b) — Guess what I have just done. 1 .1 warned him that he needn’t buy any more milk. 2. He said
— You have just come into the room. that we might go to the restaurant in the evening. 3. She said to
- Ok. Besides that? Nick that he mustn’t talk to her like that. 4. She said that he
- Have no idea. mustn’t promise what he wouldn’t be able to do. 5. He told me that
—Just don’t get angry. I have broken your favourite vase. she might come soon. 6. She said that he could speak English.
— Well done! I haven’t expected anything better from you. 7. His father said that he should sleep more. 8. My mother said that
c) — You have recently come back from Canada, haven’t you? we mustn’t go there alone.
- Right, I have spent three years there.
- What did you like there? К упражнению 34.5
- The people. They are very hospitable. And plus, it may 1. She asked me not to eat too many pears and added that I might
seem strange to you, the streets. They are very clean and even get sick. 2. She asked him not to shout at hen 3. He asked the child
if you have your white jeans on, you can easily sit down on not to eat so much ice cream. 4. He asked me not to forget what 1
the pavement and they will remain clean or almost clean. had promised. 5. He asked me to help him that evening if I had
some spare time. 6. He asked me to sit down for a few minutes.
К упраж нению 34.1 7. Sandra asked me to wait for her a little. 8. The teacher asked us
1. My friend said that we could go there that day. 2. She said to not to forget to buy the new book. 9. He asked me not to do that
Ann that she could take it if she needed it. 3. My brother said that to him. 10. He asked her not to be late. 11. He asked me to try to
he would tell her about it when she came. 4. She said that she was come on time. 12. She asked me not to tell anyone about it.
going to London. 5. My friend said that he had been to California
recently. 6. She said that he never came on time. 7 .1 remarked that К упражнению 34.6
it was not so rainy that day as it had been the day before. 8. They 1. I asked my friend to meet me outside the cinema. 2. Tom’s
said that she had a car but she could not drive well. mother asked him not to go out without his jacket on. 3. The
teacher asked the students to open their books. 4. The doctor
К упраж нению 3 4 .2
advised me to stay in bed. 5. Nick asked his friend if he could tell
1. My sister asked if they were getting married that weekend. him the time. 6. My mother asked me to wash my clothes. 7 .1asked
2. My friend asked how far it was. 3. My father asked me if I my sister to give me her pen. 8. Ann asked her brother where he
knew what I had done. 4. He asked who had come there in the had been. She added that she had been looking for him the whole
morning. 5. My mother asked why he ate so much ice cream. evening. 9. My mother asked me not to run across the street.
6. I asked him what his new car was like. 7. He asked where he 10. The little boy asked his father why he worked so much.
had been the night before. 8. He asked if he understood what he
wanted to say. 11. They asked him who he was looking at.
К упраж нению 3 4 .3
К упражнению 34.7
1. They asked me what my name was. 2. The teacher asked the
1. He asked to give him some water. 2 .1 asked her to add some student to repeat that story from the beginning to the end. 3. He
sugar to my coffee. 3. She asked him not to do it then and added said that they would arrive the next day. 4. He asked me if I
that they were leaving in a minute. 4 .1advised her not to drink too understood every word. 5. He asked the girl how she had managed
much coffee. 5. My mother asked me to call her as soon as I could.
428 Клюги К уроку № 35 429
to carry that heavy box and why she had not asked him to help her. helped with German. 17. He has just been read the letter. 18. The
6. He asked me if I had slept well. 7. The teacher asked me what I new books will be bought tomorrow. 19. Kate will be asked to help.
had prepared for that day. 8. He asked me whether the postman 20. Natasha has been asked to tell about her trip. 21. The doctor
had already come. 9. A man stopped me in the street and asked if was asked to come at six.
I could tell him where the metro was. 10. The teacher asked us if we
understood the question. 11. Oksana’s father asked her if she К упражнению 35.3
wanted to be a teacher or a doctor. 12.1 asked my best friend if he 1. This book was much spoken about. 2. We were shown much
was going to play football on Friday or on Saturday. 13.1asked my that was interesting yesterday. 3. Let’s go. We will be treated to
mother whether she was feeling tired. 14. My aunt said that they coffee. 4. We were given this letter yesterday. 5. I am often asked
had moved into their new flat. about it. 6. They should be invited to the wedding. 7. Will we be
told anything interesting? 8. He is often sent to Barcelona.
К упражнению 34.8 9. Where are the magazines kept? 10. He did not know when the
1. Who was waiting for his sister the whole evening? 2. When mail was brought. 11. Yesterday I was asked to ring. 12. He has just
will they write to you? 3. What tastes much better? 4. When may been brought coffee. 13. Can you hear that? We are being spoken
she ring us? 5. What doesn’t he like? 6. Where else has your mother about. 14.1 haven’t been invited to the birthday party yet. 15. My
been? 7. What didn’t your friends like? 8. What is too difficult car needs to be repaired.
to understand? 9. What is she looking at? 10. Why was she upset?
11. What shouldn’t you mix together? 12. What is he good at? К упражнению 35.4
13. What have you never eaten? 14. How long had she been 1. We were always invited to the birthday parties. (We have
sleeping by the time we came? always been invited to the birthday parties.) 2. An interesting film
was shown on TV yesterday. 3 .1 will be punished tomorrow. 4. Ann
К упражнению 35.1 will be taken to Chicago in the summer. 5. Every Saturday she is
1. Apples are often bought. 2. Apples were often bought. shown a new film. 6. Was he often visited? (Has he been often
3. Apples will be often bought. 4. Apples are being bought. 5. Apples visited?) 7 .1will be given a lift tomorrow. 8. The breakfast has just
were being bought at five yesterday. 6. Apples have just been bought. been cooked by my mother. 9. My father said that the house would
7. Apples had been bought by six yesterday. 8. Apples will have been have been built by September. 10. He said that the pizza would be
bought by six tomorrow. 9. Apples should be bought. 10. Apples delivered in ten minutes. 11. We did not know why he had been
must be bought today. 11. She said that apples had been bought. offended. 12. I am always recognized. 13. What fruits have been
12. She said that apples would be bought. 13. She said that apples bought at the market? 14. Where was he? He was looked for. (Where
were being bought. 14. She said that apples would be bought by six. has he been? He has been looked for.) 15.1 am much-spoken of at
work. 16. What was he killed with? 17. What was he told?
К упражнению 35.2
1. My sister will be asked to come at six. 2. The tickets must be К упражнению 35.5
bought today. 3. The dictation will be written next Tuesday. 4. Our 1. They will get my present very soon. (My present will be
mother will be asked not to come. 5. Your mother will be given a received very soon.) 2. This car will be bought tomorrow. 3. This
cup of coffee. 6. She was thanked yesterday. 7. The letter is being shop is being built now. 4. They will be taught to read. 5. We had
sent now. 8. She hoped that the picture would be hung on Monday. been taken home by seven o’clock. 6. I will be given this book to
9. The magazines will be brought this week. 10. When will the read. 7. This house is still being built. 8. He said when I came home
apples be bought? 11. Where was the milk spilt? 12. Who was hit? dinner would be cooked. 9 .1 was brought up by my uncle. 10. We
13.1 will be called tomorrow. 14. He will be given an answer at two. have been invited to lunch again. 11. These magazines have just
15. A new TV set will be brought tomorrow. 16. My friend was been read. 12. I was met at the station. 13. I am being looked at.
430 Клюги К уроку № 36 431
14. Much will be forgotten. 15. We are often remembered in К упражнению 36.3
Moscow. 16. We are always given coffee in the morning. 17. He is 1. She does not like me to come so late. 2. She does not like us to
often invited to the restaurant. speak about her husband. 3. They did not like us to speak so loudly.
4. She does not like me to ring her after 10 o’clock in the evening.
5. Our mother likes us to ask her many questions. 6 .1 hate you to ask
К упражнению 35.6 such silly questions. 7. The grandmother likes her granddaughter to
1. When I come back home, all my things will have been packed help her about the house. 8. My mother likes me to get good marks
by my mother. 2. My mother is often sent to London. 3. He thought at school. 9. Parents like their children to obey them. 10. He hated
that the suitcase had been packed by my sister. 4. The flowers will people to forget their duties. 11. She hates her husband to smoke so
be planted by my grandmother. 5. My phone number is always much. 12.1 like my mother to cook dinner for me. 13. She hates my
forgotten. 6. She was sent to Barcelona by the firm to study two cat to scratch her. 14. I like my grandmother to bake pies for me.
years ago. 7. She said that the picture had been drawn with a pen.
8. When will the newspapers be brought? —They will be brought К упражнению 36.4
only in the evening. 9. We were asked if the Italian language was 1 .1 watched my son packing his bag. 2 .1 saw my sister walk up
taught at our school. 10. My things will be packed later. 11. He is to the window. 3. I saw Sandra add some jam to the ice cream.
asking us if we got here well. 12. She is asking us why we haven’t 4 .1 saw Alex say something to his friend. 5. She does not want juice
bought a cake. 13. Kate was called home. 14. We were asked how to be added to the cocktail. 6. She saw Tom sitting on the sofa and
long we would have dinner. 15. My sister thought that her bags watching TV. 7. He heard a child crying outside. 8. The children
would be delivered in three hours. stood and watched their father planting a tree. 9. She wants everyone
to do what she says. 10.1 often heard my parents arguing. 11. We
expect you to invite them to your wedding.
К упражнению 36.1
1. They did not want him to leave for London. 2 .1 wouldn’t like К упражнению 36.5
you to lose your key. 3. My mother wants me to be an interpreter. 1. She heard somebody crying. 2. We expect you to join us in the
4. We want you to tell us about it. 5. Would you like him to go to evening. 3. We watched our children swimming in the river. 4. We
Berlin today? 6 .1 want her to read this magazine. 7. She wants you did not sleep and heard somebody come into our room. 5. We
to come to see us after seven. 8. She did not want her son to walk expected the train to come on time. 6 .1supposed this girl to answer
so long. 9. We wanted you to invite him. all the questions. 7. I did not expect him to go to London this
summer. 8. She saw me put the basket with apples near the door.
К упражнению 36.2 9. I like her to cook breakfast. 10. My son often watched me
1. He expected his girlfriend to call him today. 2. Nobody playing football. 11. I would like you to wait for me here.
expected her to tell us about her problems. 3. I want you to enter
the university. 4. He did not want her to go to Chicago without К упражнению 36.6
him.5. They suppose me to know the city well. 6. I did not want 1. He wants his letters to be sent early in the morning. 2. They
them to worry about such things. 7. She doesn't expect this actor don’t want us to leave so soon. 3. I would like you to come to my
to come to their city. 8. I wanted him to tell the truth. 9. We place in the evening. 4. We wanted her to tell us something about
expected you to look after our cat. 10. I don’t want you to think the cities she had been to. 5 .1 often heard them laughing at some
unwell of me. 11.1don’t want you to give her the present without thing. 6. She wants me to invite her to a restaurant tonight. 7. She
me. 12. He does not want them to laugh at him. 13. We did not does not like me to play the piano. 8. Sasha did not expect us to go
expect the film to be over so soon. 14. They wanted her to say to same shop. 9. I often hear him telling his children different
what had happened. stories. 10. We often saw them playing football. 11. He watched his
432 Клюги К уроку № 36 433
wife washing the floor. 12. He knows your daughter to be a very change his mind. 9 .1 don’t like her to shout at me. 10. Have (get)
attractive girl. 13. They did not want him to call her. 14. My mother your tape recorder repaired. 11. She made me say sorry. 12. Has
wanted me to put on the jacket. 15.1 don’t like her to make such your daughter had (got) her new dress made yet? 13. I hate
strong coffee. 16. She wants this magazine to be read today. 17. He someone to shout loudly. 14. Do you want your cake delivered right
heard her being shouted at. 18. I want my daughter to be happy. now? 15. Have your hair cut. 16. Get (have) the floor washed.
19. Kate saw her husband drinking juice with ice. 20. Everybody 17. Do you want your pizza heated? 18. Do you want your car
noticed her get pale when he entered the room. parked? 19. I did not expect you to buy such an expensive car.
20. When did you have (get) your new dress made?
К упражнению 36.7
1. Let me look through this magazine. 2. She made me drink the К упражнению 36.11
whole glass of milk. 3. Let him call her. 4. Her words made me 1.1 often heard them speaking about us. 2. He likes his daughter
change my mind. 5. She made him change. 6. Let them write this to cook food. 3. He watched his wife cleaning the room. 4. I have
letter. 7. I don’t want to make him get up so early if he does not never seen my dog bite someone. 5. Do you know his parents help
want to. 8. Let him meet Sasha. 9. Don’t make me tell him about it. him to do his homework? 6. Do you want me to tell the truth them?
10. Let me take my book. 11. Let her cook dinner today. 12. This 7. I saw him hurrying. 8. We knew you to be a good barman. 9. I
made him stay a little longer. don’t like to be spoken about. 10. He did not know her to cook
dinner at this time. 11. This made me apologize. 12. When did you
К упражнению 36.8 get (have) your car repaired? 13. What made him say all this?
1. She wants her suitcases carried upstairs. 2. I want my car 14. My daughter likes to be praised. 15. Get (have) the flowers
painted today. 3. They want the letters sent in the evening. 4 .1want watered now.
my flat cleaned today. 5. Do they want the berries frozen? 6. If you
want the work finished earlier, help us. 7. Do you want your pizza К упражнению 36.12
delivered right now? 8. She wants her meat well fried. 9. I don’t 1. He does not want you to call him any more. 2. Your brother
want my eggs hard-boiled. 10. Would you like your breakfast pre wants the letter sent today. 3. We expect this order to be received
pared at seven in the morning? in two or three days. 4. We have never seen our cat jump on the
dinner table. 5 . 1 saw him coming out of the Chinese restaurant
К упражнению 36.9 with his friend. 6 .1 would like my dog to obey me. 7. He will not
1. You can even get beaten up. 2 .1 am going to have my things make me come back. 8 .1 heard them speaking about my favourite
unpacked. 3. You can get burnt. 4. She hasn’t had her hair cut for city. 9. Nobody has ever seen her crying. 10. He expected London
a long time. 5. Have your watch repaired. 6. We can get stopped at to impress us. 11. He wanted the chicken fried. 12. When will you
the airport. 7. She wanted to have (get) her photo taken yesterday. have your hair cut?
8. Have (get) the car ready for the trip. 9. She wants to have the
walls in her bedroom painted. 10.1 must have this book translated К упражнению 36.13
today. 11. She is going to have (get) her new skirt made. 1. Who is easy to deal with? 2. Who has been speaking on the
phone for more than three hours? 3. What was she making when
К упражнению 36.10 her brother came home? 4. Where will we go in September? 5. Who
1. I heard my mother come. 2. When did she have (get) her were good doctors? 6. When did he have dinner? 7. When did he hear
photo taken? 3. I know my uncle to be a good doctor. 4. He him singing? 8. Who has been invited to the party? 9. What was un
watched his little son trying to draw a cow. 5. Where do you have usual about this person? 10. When will she call him? 11. What
your hair cut? 6. Where did you have (get) your car painted? 7. She couldn’t you lift? 12. Where did we buy this dress? 13. Who is
did not want her to stay there alone. 8 .1 did not expect my son to being called? 14. Who saw you crossing the street yesterday?
434 Клюги К уроку № 37 435
К упраж нению 37.1 glad (happy) to have told you about it. 7. He is glad (happy) to
a) 1. Не is always happy to talk to you. have been working at this company for more than five years. 8. She
2. He is happy to be talking to you now. was happy to have been brought the flowers. 9. My son will be glad
3. He is happy to have talked to you. to have played this new game by that time. 10. He is glad to have
4. He is happy to have already been talking to you for more than called you. 11. She does not want to speak about it now. 12. She is
an hour. glad (happy) to have met you at the station. 13. She is glad (happy)
b) 1. He was always happy to talk to you. to have been met at the station. 14. He does not like to interrupt
2. He was happy to be talking to you the whole evening. anyone. 15. He does not like to be interrupted.
3. He was happy to have talked to you.
4. He was happy to have already been talking to you for two К упражнению 37.4
hours. 1. There was another customer to serve. 2. The girl had two
c) 1. He will always be happy to talk to you. babies to take care of. 3. She had no books to take. 4. Was
2. He will be happy to be talking to you the whole evening. there anybody to help you to do it? 5. Don’t forget that he has
3. He will be happy to have already talked to you. a dog to feed every morning. 6. Do you have anything to tell
4. He will be happy to have already been talking to you for a me? 7. There wasn’t anyone to ask. 8. I have only a few books
whole hour. been to give you. 9. I have a book to read by tomorrow.
d) 1. He is happy to be talked about so often. 10. Here is a new car to use any time you need. 11. Here are
2. He was happy to be talked about so often. some people to repair your car. 12. Here is good toothpaste to
3. He is happy to have been talked about. help your teeth. 13. Here are some pencils to draw very well
4. He was happy to have been talked about. with. 14. Here is new cream to help your hands to be smooth.
5. He will be happy to be talked about. 15. Here are a few books to be read by tomorrow. 16. I need
6. He will be happy to have already been talked about. something to write with. 17. I have brought you cream to
drink your coffee with.
К упражнению 37.2
1.1 am glad to be reading this book now. 2. Sorry to have broken К упражнению 38.1
your pen. 3. He is glad to be speaking to him. 4. He is glad to have 1. He is known to buy a lot of cars. 2. He was known to buy
spoken to him. 5. He is always glad to speak to him. 6. He was always a lot of cars. 3. He will be known to buy a lot of cars. 4. He is
glad to speak to him. 7. My mother was happy to have been sent the known to have bought a lot of cars. 5. He was known to have
letter. 8. She was glad to have been spoken about. 9. She is glad to bought a lot of cars. 6. He is known to be buying one more car
be often spoken about. 10. My sister is so happy to be looking at him right now. 7. He was known to be buying a car at this time
now. 11. My son will be glad to be given this book. 12. I was very yesterday. 8. He is known to have been bought a car. 9. He was
sorry not to have met you. 13.1 am very sorry not to have met you. known to have been bought a car. 10. He was known to be bought
14. She is happy to have met all her friends. 15. She was happy to cars. 11. He will be known to have been bought a car. 12. He is
have met all her friends. 16. She is happy to be meeting her friends known to be bought cars.
now. 17. He is happy to have told them about it. 18. She is happy to
have been met. 19. I am happy to have met you. К упражнению 38.2
1. Ann is known to be an honest girl. 2. Sasha was expected to
К упражнению 37.3 come on Saturday. 3. They were supposed to have stayed at the
1. She was surprised not to have found the book. 2. Tom was hotel. 4. A lot of new books are expected to be published soon.
surprised to have passed the exams. 3. Fruits are good to eat. 5. The metro in London is said to be the oldest. 6. He is thought to
4. Sorry to have been late. 5. He is upset to have learnt it. 6 .1 am speak a few languages. 7. He was seen to take off his coat. 8. They
436 Клюги К урокам № 38-39 437
are known to have left for Copenhagen. 9. This doctor is known to have been in Paris. 8. She is unlikely to change her mind. 9. He is
have worked at the hospital, so he could not be at that place unlikely to come now. He said he would be busy at this time.
yesterday. 10, She is often seen to go shopping to this store. 11. She 10. They will turn out to have been living together for more than
was often seen to go shopping. 12, She is said to have gone to this five years by that time. 11. She seemed to have been working much
shop yesterday. 13. She was said to have gone to the shop. 14. She lately. 12. She appeared to have understood nothing. (She appeared
is said to be a good interpreter. not to have understood anything.) 13. He seems to be sleeping.
14. It wasn’t expected to rain today. 15. The repair work is supposed
К упражнению 38.3 to be over in two months. 16. She is said to be writing an interesting
1. This building is said to be very old. 2. This church is known book. 17. She is said to have written an interesting book. 18. She
to have been built in 1817.3. She is expected to come at ten o’clock was said to be writing an interesting book. 19. He was said to have
in the evening. 4. They are believed to know about it more than written a new book. 20. He is said to have been writing his book for
they want to show. 5. Sasha turned out to be a brave boy. 6. Ann more than two years. 21. London is known to be one of the most
happened to meet Sandra. 7. He is said to have already been beautiful cities in the world.
working at his book for a few years. 8. This book is said to be
translated into many languages. 9. You seem to know what I am К упражнению 39.1
talking about. 10. He is known to have been a wonderful man. 1. She approves of my calling her. 2. She approved of my calling
11. The cold weather was not expected to come so soon. 12. The her. 3. She approves of my having called her. 4. She approved of my
tickets appeared to have been very expensive. 13. The car is believed having called her. 5. She approves of my being called. 6. She
to have been broken yesterday. 14. She is known to have lived in St. approved of my having been called. 7. She approves of my having
Petersburg for some years. 15. Your friend seems to be fond of been called. 8. She will approve of my calling her. 9. She will
computers. 16. The English language is known to be very popular approve of my having called her. 10. She will approve of my being
now. 17. The book is believed to have been written in 1911.18. The called. 11. She will approve of my having been called.
weather is supposed to change. 19. This film is said to have been
very interesting. 20. I happen to know his telephone number. К упражнению 39.2
21. He turned out to be a good friend. 22. He seems to be writing 1. She kept on reading the book until she found the right place.
a new article and he seems to be writing it together with Kate. 2. Do you mind my taking a friend of mine with me? 3 .1 recognized
2 3 .1 happened to meet him in Moscow. this girl as soon as my friend finished describing her to me. 4 .1will
not mind your making the fruit salad. 5. Do you mind our dancing
К упражнению 38.4 a little? 6. He liked swimming in the ocean in the evening. 7. Stop
1. She is unlikely to sell the house where she has been living for talking. I cannot hear what he is saying. 8. Although it was very
more than 20 years. 2. She is sure to call. 3. They are sure to buy late, he kept on working at the report. 9. They began working at
this car. 4. She is unlikely to know about this. 5. He is likely to one sharp. 10. I think we can continue discussing this question.
deceive us again. 6. She is unlikely to get a visa. 7. He is likely to
come today. 8. They are sure to invite you to the wedding too. К упражнению 39.3
9. She is unlikely to change her mind. 1. He left without saying goodbye. 2. It is not worth arguing
with him. 3. She answered without lifting her head. 4. The chance
К упражнению 38.5 of meeting her in London was very small. 5. I remember his
1. Your mother is sure to phone. 2. He is likely to buy this calling me once at night, I was already sleeping. 6. He insisted on
expensive computer. 3. The weather is likely to change. 4. She is her coming. 7. She burst out laughing to his face. 8. She burst out
supposed to be in Paris now. 5. She is supposed to have been in crying. 9. I cannot agree to your buying such an expensive car.
Paris. 6. She was supposed to be in Paris. 7. She was supposed to 10.1 count on your coming. 11. She is looking forward to meeting
438 Клюги К урокам № 39-40 439
him. 12.1 feel like having coffee. 13. Do you feel like going there? form is: I’m not looking forward to going to the dentist’s. 6. Scissors
14. Much depends on your getting the visa. 15. She often are used only in the plural. 7. We call a person who annoys us all
complains of your being late. 16. He prevented me from watching the time a pest. 8. When we want to make a phone call, we pick up
this film. 17. He was shouting without stopping. the receiver. 9. The singular of the word “children” is child. 10. A
priest takes care of our soul. 11. If we are in the water, a shark can
К упражнению 39.4 eat us. 12. A verb from the adjective “red” will be to redden. 13. A
1. He has no chance of passing this exam. 2. This book is worth tiger will eat a rabbit. 14. If you want to have your clothes cleaned,
reading. 3. Keep on reading. 4. He wanted to give up smoking. you go to the laundry.
5. She is afraid of losing him. 6. Speaking on the phone, she forgot
to switch off the TV set. 7. He never thought of marrying her. К упражнению 40.1
8. Yesterday he said of her going to Israel. 9. My son told me of 1. Call your brother. 2. Let Tom wake us up early in the
having broken the car. 10. My sister insisted on being invited to the morning. 3. Let’s go somewhere tonight. 4. Let me take my pen.
party too. 11. Looking through this magazine I found much that 5. Let’s buy a new car. 6. Let’s take a taxi. 7. Come here. 8. Let him
was interesting. 12. I do not mind your smoking. 13. He thanked bring the bread. 9. Let’s open the window in the room. 10. Let
me for coming. 14. He thinks of buying a new car. 15. I am tired Sasha go to the shop.
of doing nothing. 16. I heard of her having left. 17. Sorry for
leaving so early. 18. Suddenly he stopped talking. К упражнению 40.2
1. If he wins one million dollars, he will buy an expensive car.
К упражнению 39.5 2. If he won one million dollars today, he would buy an expensive
1. She thought of leaving. 2. I do not feel like seeing him. car. 3. If he had won one million dollars at that time, he would have
3. He thanked me for my having helped him. 4. They did not bought an expensive car. 4. If he had won one million dollars at
agree to our going there so early. 5. I rely on her sending the that time, he would buy an expensive car now. 5. If he had won one
letter. 6. I objected to your selling the car so cheap. 7. I do million dollars at that time, he would be buying an expensive car
not mind our drinking some wine. 8. I am looking forward to right now.
our moving to the new flat. 9. He was afraid of being fired.
10. My son was happy for having been bought a new toy. К упражнению 40.3
11. I avoided seeing him. 12. Sorry for having broken your 1. If you had not argued with her so much at that time, you
favourite cup. 13. He went on washing without paying attention would not have quarreled. 2. If they got married, they would be
to us. 14. Sorry for not having come. 15. I am not denying my happy. 3. If you were telling them something more interesting now,
having asked him about it. 16. Stop talking about it all the they would be listening to you more attentively. 4. If you had not
time. 17. She did not mind their going to the cinema. 18. Do been talking only about cars the whole evening yesterday, she
you mind my closing the door? 19. She denied having known would have stayed. 5. If you did not drink so much coffee, you
him. 20. He insisted on calling her. 21. My grandmother would sleep better at night. 6. If my sister were not so busy these
often complained of their speaking loudly. 22. It depends on days, she would help you with this translation. 7. If he were not so
her calling. silly, he would not have said these things yesterday. 8. She is in
Moscow. If she had left Moscow, her brother would have told me
К упражнению 39.6 yesterday. 9. If he knew that she had come, he would not be so
1. For example: “He came home late” and “He has come to me upset. 10. If you had not lost all the money yesterday, we would buy
lately.” 2. Russia is bigger. 3. “Believe" is never used in continuous her a present today. 11. If he had bought more milk yesterday, we
tenses. 4. Flemish and French are spoken in Belgium. 5. The correct would be baking a pie now.
440 Кпюги К урокам № 40-41 441
К упражнению 40.4 on them yesterday, it means that they gave him your sister's letter.
1. I wish we had not missed the train. 2. I wished you had 8. If I had not earned so much money last year, I would not be
switched on the TV set earlier. 3. I wished you had come to the flying to the US now. 9 .1wish we were swimming in the ocean now.
wedding. 4 .1wish I had learnt about it earlier. 5 .1 wish we had met 10.1 wished I had got the visa. 11. If I had spoken to her yesterday,
him at home. 6 .1wish she had called earlier. We would be drinking I would have learnt everything. 12. If I had much money I would
tea now. 7. I wish she were here now. 8. I wish I had more time. travel a lot. 13. If I took a pen with me, I would write down this
9. I wish you had told him about it yourself. 10. I wish you had phone number. 14. If I were you, I would not bother about it.
come to my birthday party yesterday. 11. I wish he had not given 15. I wish she had come here. She lost a lot.
up the institute. 12. I wish it were not late to go there now. 13. I
wish she had rung us. 14. I wished you had read this book. 15. I
wish we were not sitting here but swimming in the sea. 16.1 wish К упражнению 40.7
he did not make so many mistakes. 17.1wish you had not forgotten 1. If I had time, I could go there right now. 2. They would have
to invite Sasha. 18.1 wish we had more free time. 19.1 wish he had gone farther if it had not snowed so heavily yesterday. 3. If I had
come in the evening. 20.1 wish you had gone to London. 21.1 wish had time yesterday. I would have gone there. 4. If she were ready
you had wanted to go with us. 22.1 wish you were interested in my now, she could go with us. 5. If the water in the river were not so
business. 23. I wish you had written a letter to me at that time. cold, we would swim in it. 6. You would be answering better now
if you were not so nervous. 7. If we had more money, we would buy
К упражнению 40.5 this car. 8. If Tom came back himself, his wife would forgive him
1. If you could help me, I would be very grateful to you. 2. If he everything. 9. If they had stayed at home, they would have watched
had known about those problems, he would have kept silent. 3. If this TV program. 10. If the weather is good tomorrow we will go to
I come back from work in time, we will go to the cinema. 4. If he the country. 11. If she feels better she will come to work. 12. If he
had brought the spares yesterday, we would repair the car today. had money, he would go to Sydney. 13. If it were not snowing so
5. If he learnt about the sale today, he would definitely buy this car. heavily, we would be playing snowballs now. 14. If your daughter
6. If the train had come on time yesterday, I would come to work had bought milk yesterday, we would be baking a cake now. 15. I
on time today. 7. If he were here now, he would tell us many wished we had not broken the car last year.
interesting things. 8. We would have left last week if I had finished
my work. 9 .1 would have visited you yesterday if I had been in the
city. 10. If she went on holiday she would have a good rest. 11. If К упражнению 41.1
he does not come on time we will not wait for him. 12. They would 1. Leaving the house, he forgot to call his wife. 2. He stood
come to see you off if they did not live so far away. 13.1 wish our looking at the old church. 3. All the questions having been answered,
mother had bought some fruit. We would make fruit salad now. she went out. 4. Having broken the vase, the child did not know
14.1 wish we were going to Amsterdam now. 15. If your son were what to do. 5. The received parcel is very important. 6. The
not crying so loudly now we could listen to this music. translated magazine was very interesting. 7. Having eaten up the
sandwiches, he went for a walk. 8. The books bought yesterday are
К упражнению 40.6 very interesting. 9. Having written a note, he went to Sydney.
1. If we do not come back home by five (If we haven’t come back 10. Having served the customers, she went to get the coffee.
home by five), we will not be able to call Ann. 2. If I had more time, 11. Going to the concert, he put on a new sweater. 12. Having
I would learn the Japanese language. 3. If she had time, she would visited London for the second time, she fell in love with this city.
cook breakfast. 4. If he were here. I would not be so lonely. 5. If it 13. The written letter was on the table. 14. Having come to Berlin,
were Sunday tomorrow, we would go to Warsaw. 6. If I had met him he went to the museum straight away. 15. Moving to Edinburgh, we
yesterday evening, I would have spoken to him. 7. If he had called did not know if it was the right decision.
442 Кяюги К урокам № 41 -42 443
К упражнению 42.2 to sit quietly. 6. This house belonged to my grandfather before the
1. Не must have already left. 2. He must have forgotten to come. revolution. 7. I am not tired. Let's walk a little more. 8. I couldn’t
He must have been very busy. 3. He may be reading his book at home but tell them about this event. 9. I would take a taxi but I do not
now and we are waiting for him here. 4. They must have bought a have any money on me. 10. I would call her myself but I do not
new car. 5. They may call you tomorrow. 6. He may have come to remember her phone number. 11. We found ourselves on the beach
your place yesterday. 7. She may have already seen this film. 8. She and we decided to have a rest. 12. She has spent all her money and
cannot find her book. She may have left it at work. 9. He can't have this year she will go neither to Argentina nor to Africa. (She has
called her. 10. She is busy now. She may forget about it. 11. She is spent all her money and this year she will not go either to Argentina
silly. She can forget about it. 12. They can’t be working now. 13. He or to Africa.) 13. He has not called me for a long time. I think
must be sleeping. 14. You need not have written such letters to him. something has happened. 14. Stay at home if you feel unwell.
15. He need not have come: everything had already been done. 15. He got up earlier than usual, washed himself, got dressed, had
16. You may take this book, if you like. 17. You can take this book: breakfast and at seven o’clock he left the house.
it is not heavy. 18. You need not take this book. 19. I cannot take
this book. 20. We need not have bought so much milk. 21. The К упражнению 43.2
lessons were to start at seven. 22. He must be walking about the 1. Do you want her to come today? 2 .1need to finish this article
shop somewhere now. Let’s go find him. today. 3. Keep on writing. 4. Sasha (has) bought one more book.
5. I have heard that you had been to London. How did you like it?
К упражнению 42.3 6. He saw his daughter come up to Sasha and say something to him.
1. It must have been a very difficult task. 2. It must be very cold 7. They might have already bought the plane tickets. 8 .1 have not
outside. 3. She must have met them on her way home. 4. Can you written to my relatives since I went to see them in the summer.
tell me how to get to Washington street? 5. We were not allowed to 9. The sun was setting. It was getting dark. 10. They must be
go to school alone. 6. We had to get up very early. 7. They might swimming in the sea now and they must have already forgotten
have told him about it. 8. He need not buy butter: I have already about us long ago. 11.1 would like you to learn this rule yourself.
bought some. 9 .1 have to work a lot now because I need money to 12. When it started to rain we had already come home. 13.1 heard
buy a new house. 10. Can you see that new building near the shop? him asking everyone to come to Sasha’s birthday party. 14. Why
11. She must have changed her mind if she has not come yet. don’t you want to speak to him? Your words would cheer him up.
12. You can (may) buy sweets, if you like. 13. Just think: we need 15. Why are you so nervous? Everything is going to be alright.
not have gone there. 14. You may go there. I do not mind. 15. You (Everything will be alright.) 16. Why should I call him first? -
should not go there. 16. He should have spoken to her about it. Because you are much older and you should be cleverer.
17. He must have already come. 18. You should not have called
them: they were not waiting for you. 19. I will not be able to help К упражнению 43.3
you tomorrow. 20. They can’t have split up. 21. She may have learnt 1. All these pictures had been drawn by my friend before we
it from Masha. 22. He was to come yesterday. 23. They must be met. 2. Has he managed to talk to Tanya? — No, he has not seen
cooking dinner. It smells so nice from their window. her today. 3. He must have won much money in the lottery. 4. She
was baking a strawberry pie the whole evening yesterday. 5. She
К упражнению 43.1 does not remember how much time it had taken her to translate
1. They can’t be building such a big house. 2. Please, call us if this magazine but she said that it had not been easy. 6. Don’t give
you are busy and are not able to come to see us in the evening. him too much money. He may lose it. 7. Why do you have to get
3. My brother asked me not to be surprised at what he was going up so early? — Because it takes me half an hour to get to the
to tell me. 4. Ann did not notice me come in, that is why having restaurant where I work. 8. I have a terrible headache. I would
seen me she got really surprised. 5. The teacher asked the children rather go home. 9 .1 wish the shop were open, I would buy a new
446 Клюги
саг. 10. You never know what will happen. 11. Andrew finished Список использованной литературы
his work and he was going home when the telephone started to
ring. 12. Read this letter yourself. 13. You must have a rest. Look
at yourself in the mirror. You look terrible. 14. How long have you 1. J. D . O’Connor. A Course of English Pronunciation. —Amster
been here? — I have been here since May and I am going to stay dam, 1954.
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at 11 tomorrow? 6. Why did you leave so soon? 7. Why didn’t you 5. Верещагина И. Н., Афанасьева О. В. Книга для чтения. —
like my new boy (girl) friend? 8. Can you have said it? 9. Were you Москва 1995.
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