Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ
КОНСТРУКЦИИ ДЕРЕВЯННЫЕ
СОЕДИНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ
Требования
КАНСТРУКЦЫІ ДРАЎЛЯНЫЯ
ЗЛУЧАЛЬНЫЯ ДЭТАЛІ
Патрабаванні
Госстандарт
Минск
СТБ EN 14545-2009
Предисловие
4 ВВЕДЕН ВПЕРВЫЕ
ΙΙ
СТБ EN 14545-2009
Введение
КОНСТРУКЦИИ ДЕРЕВЯННЫЕ
СОЕДИНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ
Требования
КАНСТРУКЦЫІ ДРАЎЛЯНЫЯ
ЗЛУЧАЛЬНЫЯ ДЭТАЛІ
Патрабаванні
ΙΙΙ
EN 14545:2008 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for materials, geometry, strength, stiffness
and durability aspects (i.e. corrosion protection) of connectors for use in load bearing timber structures.
Only connectors manufactured from steel are covered by this European Standard, like shear plates, split ring
connectors, tooth plate connectors, punched metal plate fasteners and nailing plates. Definitions of these items
are given in Clause 3.
This European Standard specifies also the evaluation of conformity procedures and includes requirements for
marking of these products.
This European Standard does not cover connectors treated with fire retardants to improve their fire
performance.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
EN 1075:1999, Timber structures - Test methods - Joints made with punched metal plate fasteners
EN 1995-1-1:2004, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for
buildings
EN 10025-2, Hot rolled products of structural steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy
structural steels
EN 10029, Hot rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above - Tolerances on dimensions, shape and mass
EN 10051, Continuously hot-rolled uncoated plate, sheet and strip of non-alloy and alloy steels - Tolerances on
dimensions and shape
EN 10088-2, Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion
resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10143, Continuously hot-dip coated steel sheet and strip - Tolerances on dimensions and shape
EN 10292, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of steels with high yield strength for cold forming -
Technical delivery conditions
EN 10326, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of structural steels - Technical delivery conditions
EN 10327, Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of low carbon steels for cold forming -Technical delivery
conditions
EN 13271:2001, Timber fasteners - Characteristic load-carrying capacities and slip-moduli for connector joints
1
EN 14545:2008 (E)
EN 14358:2006, Timber structures - Calculation of characteristic 5-percentile values and acceptance criteria for
a sample
EN 26891, Timber structures - Joints made with mechanical fasteners - General principles for the determination
of strength and deformation characteristics (ISO 6891:1983)
EN 28970:1991, Timber structures - Testing of joints made with mechanical fasteners - Requirements for wood
density (ISO 8970:1989)
EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test
methods (ISO 1461:1999)
EN ISO 9445, Continuously cold-rolled stainless steel narrow strip, wide strip, plate/sheet and cut lengths -
Tolerances on dimensions and form (ISO 9445:2002)
3.1
connector
shear plates, split ring connectors or tooth plate connectors as defined in EN 912 and punched metal plate
fasteners or nailing plates as defined below
3.2
nailing plate
flat rectangular metal plate containing pre-punched holes through which nails or screws are inserted
NOTE Used either on the external faces of a joint to join two or more pieces of timber of the same thickness in the
same plane or on one external face of a timber member for anchoring and bracing.
3.3
punched metal plate fastener
metal plate having integral projections punched out in one direction perpendicular to the base of the plate
NOTE Used to join two or more pieces of timber of the same thickness in the same plane.
3.4
plate thickness
nominal steel plate thickness including the thickness of any corrosion protection coating
3.5
stiffness (slip modulus)
the value of kser defined in EN 26891, calculated per fastener and per shear plane
2
EN 14545:2008 (E)
2
fa,α,β,k characteristic punched metal plate anchorage capacity (N/mm )
fv,α,k characteristic punched metal plate shear capacity (N/mm)
ft,k characteristic punched metal plate tension capacity (N/mm)
fc,k characteristic punched metal plate compression capacity (N/mm)
3
kser slip modulus per shear plane per fastener (N/mm )
ks statistical constant defined in EN 14358
k1, k2, α0 constants used to characterise the shape of the punched metal plate anchorage capacity
kv, γ0 constants used to characterise the shape of the punched metal plate shear capacity
l overall connector length (mm)
tp metal plate thickness (mm)
w overall connector width (mm)
α maximum bend angle (degrees)
3
ρk characteristic timber density (kg/m )
3
ρm mean timber density (kg/m )
Length and width of the connectors shall be measured using a device capable of achieving an accuracy of ±
0,5 mm.
Thickness and diameter shall be measured using a calibrated device capable of achieving an accuracy of ±
1 %.
5.2 Length
Where appropriate, the overall length of the connector shall be measured and the result declared.
When sampled in accordance with Tables 2, 3 and 4 and Tables 5, 6 and 7 and measured, the overall length
shall be within – 1 mm/+ 2 mm or – 1 %/+ 2 %, whichever is the greater, of its declared value.
5.3 Width
Where appropriate, the overall width of the connector shall be measured and the result declared.
When sampled in accordance with Tables 2, 3 and 4 and Tables 5, 6 and 7 and measured, the overall width
shall be within – 1 mm/+ 2 mm or – 1 %/+ 2 %, whichever is the greater, of its declared value.
5.4 Diameter
Where appropriate, the connector diameter shall be measured and the result declared.
Where tolerances on diameter are not otherwise given in EN 912, when sampled in accordance with Tables 2
and 4 and Tables 5 and 7 and measured to an accuracy of 0,01 mm, the nominal diameter shall be within ±
2,5 % of its declared value.
5.5 Thickness
Where appropriate, the thickness of the connector shall be measured and the result declared.
When sampled in accordance with Tables 2, 3 and 4 and Tables 5, 6 and 7 and measured, the plate thickness
shall be within the tolerances specified for the parent plate material being used.
3
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Where appropriate, other dimensions, e.g. tooth length, etc., shall be measured and result declared. When
sampled in accordance with Tables 2 and 3 and measured these dimensions shall be within greater of ± 0,75
mm or ± 2,5 % of the specified values given.
6 Requirements
6.1.1 Materials
For shear plates, split ring connectors and toothed-plate connectors manufactured from steel specified in EN
912, the minimum material specifications shall be as given in that standard.
6.1.2 Geometry
For shear plates, split ring connectors and toothed-plate connectors specified in EN 912, the geometric values
specified (i.e. dimensions and tolerances) shall be as given in that standard.
For joints formed using shear plates, split ring connectors and toothed-plate connectors specified in EN 912,
the following characteristics shall be determined according to EN 13271 for:
NOTE The equations for the load-bearing capacity of joints made with the connectors covered by EN 912 are given in
EN 1995-1-1.
For shear plates, split ring connectors and toothed-plate connectors covered by EN 912, the corrosion
protection specifications shall be as given in that standard and shall be declared as appropriate service class
according to EN 1995-1-1.
Examples of minimum corrosion protection or material specifications for different service classes are given in
EN 1995-1-1.
6.2.1 Materials
Punched metal plate fasteners shall be formed from the steel specifications given in Table 1 and shall have a
minimum elongation (A80) of 16 %.
4
EN 14545:2008 (E)
EN 10326 S220GD
EN 10292 HX220YD
6.2.2 Geometry
Punched metal plate fasteners shall be produced from steel having a plate thickness tp of minimum 0,9 mm and
of maximum 3,0 mm. The tolerance on the plate thickness shall be in accordance with EN 10143 for mild steel
or EN ISO 9445 for stainless steel.
The characteristics of the punch metal plate fasteners shall be determined in accordance with Annex B, based
on tests performed in accordance with Annex A of EN 1075:1999. They are as follows for:
Punched metal plate fasteners for use in structural timber applications shall either be made of a material which
is inherently corrosion resistant, or require corrosion protection coating. The material or coating shall be
declared in accordance with the relevant specification given in Annex A.
Examples of minimum corrosion protection or material specifications for different service classes are given in
EN 1995-1-1.
5
EN 14545:2008 (E)
6.3.1 Materials
Nailing plates shall be manufactured from mild steel plate or strip according to EN 10025-2 or EN 10326, or
from austenitic stainless steel plate in accordance with EN 10088-2. For plates produced from mild steel, the
minimum steel specification shall be S235JR according to EN 10025-2, or S220GD according to EN 10326.
6.3.2 Geometry
Nailing plates shall be produced from steel having a nominal plate thickness tp of not less than 0,9 mm. The
tolerance on the plate thickness shall be in accordance with EN 10051 or EN 10029 where the parent material
is to EN 10025-2, or EN 10143 where the parent material is to EN 10326, or EN ISO 9445 for cold-rolled
stainless steel materials to EN 10088-2.
Tolerances on the length and width shall be in accordance with 5.2 and 5.3, respectively.
The following characteristics of the nailing plates shall be determined on the parent material according to
standards in 6.3.1 for:
NOTE For those holes in which nails are inserted, provided that the nail spacing rules given in EN 1995-1-1 are
respected, the capacity of joints made with nailing plates may be calculated using the equations for nailed steel-to-timber
joints in EN 1995-1-1.
Nailing plates for use in structural timber applications shall either be made of a material, which is inherently
corrosion resistant, or require a corrosion protection coating. The material or coating shall be declared in
accordance with the relevant specification given in Annex A.
Examples of minimum corrosion protection or material specifications for different service classes are given in
EN 1995-1-1.
6
EN 14545:2008 (E)
7 Evaluation of conformity
7.1 General
The conformity with the requirements of this standard shall be demonstrated by:
For the purposes of testing, the products may be grouped into families, where it is considered that the results
for one or more characteristics from any one product within the family are representative for that same
characteristic(s) for all the products within that same family.
7.2.1 General
Initial type testing shall be performed to show conformity with this standard. Tests previously performed in
accordance with the provisions of this standard (i.e same product, characteristic(s), test method, sampling
procedure, system of attestation of conformity, etc.) may be taken into account for the ITT purpose. In addition,
initial type testing shall be performed at the beginning of the production of a new product type or at the
beginning of a new method of production where this may affect the declared values of the product's stated
characteristics.
Whenever a change occurs in the product, the raw material or supplier of the components, or the production
process, which would change significantly one or more of the characteristics, the initial type testing shall be
repeated for the appropriate characteristic(s).
The number of test samples to be tested (or assessed) and the compliance criteria shall be in accordance with
Tables 2 to 4, as appropriate:
Table 2, for shear plate, split ring and toothed plate connectors,
The results of all initial type tests shall be recorded and held by the manufacturer for at least 10 years after the
last date or production of the product(s) to which they apply.
7
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table 2 - Shear plate, split ring and toothed plate connectors (according to EN 912) - Sampling plan and
compliance criteria for initial type testing
Characteristic Test method Min. number Assessment criteria
and of specimens
assessment
- length (l), width (w) and diameter (dc) See 5.1, 5.2, 5 See 6.1.2: Declared values for l, w or
5.3 and 5.4 dc = nominal values given in EN 912
8
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table 3 - Punched metal plate fasteners - Sampling plan and compliance criteria for initial type testing
Characteristic Test method and Min. number of Compliance criteria
assessment specimens
- Plate dimensions: See 5.1, 5.2 and 5 See 6.2.2; Declared values for l and w ≤ mean
length (l) and width (w) 5.3 measured values
- Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; 0,9 mm ≤ tp ≤ 3 mm
Declared value tp, at which the mechanical characteristics
are derived (acc. to EN 1075)
- Plate thickness See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; Acc. to EN 10143 or EN ISO 9445, as
tolerance appropriate
- Other dimensions See 5.1 and 5.6 5 See 6.2.2; As appropriate to declared mean value
(if relevant)
- plate slip modulus Anchorage tests 6×5 See 6.2.3; Global mean test value, kser, determined acc.
( kser) to EN 1075 + to EN 26891 ≥ declared value and the mean timber
3
Annex B density (ρm) (in kg/m )
- nail root ductility EN 1075:1999 6 teeth per coil See 6.2.3; Number of bends to failure ≥ 3 on each test
3
(Annex A) specimen and the mean timber density (ρm) (in kg/m )
9
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table 4 - Nailing plates - Sampling plan and compliance criteria for initial type testing
Characteristic Test method and Min. number of Compliance criteria
assessment specimens
Materials Supplier’s declaration 5 separate steel See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN)
consignments
- Plate dimensions: length See 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 5 See 6.3.2; Declared values for l and w ≤
(l) and width (w) mean measured values
- Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1, 5.5 and See EN 10051; See 6.3.2; Mean measured value tp ≥
EN 10051; EN 10143; EN 10143; declared tp value ≥ 9 mm
EN 10029 or EN 10029 or
EN ISO 9445 EN ISO 9445
(as appropriate) (as appropriate)
- Plate dimension and See 5.1, 5.5 and See EN 10051; See 6.3.2; According to:
thickness tolerances EN 10051; EN 10143; EN 10143; - EN 10051;
EN 10029 or EN 10029 or - EN 10143;
EN ISO 9445 EN ISO 9445 - EN 10029; or
(as appropriate) (as appropriate) - EN ISO 9445 (as appropriate)
- Other dimensions See 5.1 and 5.6 5 See 6.3.2; As appropriate to declared mean
(if relevant) value
- characteristic yield See 6.3.1 See 6.3.1 See 6.3.3; Mean measured value ≥ declared
strength value ≥ value in relevant standard given in
6.3.2 (Parent material)
- minimum percentage See 6.3.1 See 6.3.1 See 6.3.3; Mean measured value ≥ declared
elongation after fracture value ≥ value in relevant standard given in
6.3.2 (Parent material)
7.3.1 General
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system to ensure that the products placed
on the market conform with the declared performance characteristics. The FPC system shall consist of
procedures, regular inspections and tests and/or assessments and the use of the results to control raw and
other incoming materials or components, equipment, the production process and the product.
10
EN 14545:2008 (E)
The results of inspections, tests or assessments requiring action shall be recorded, as shall any action taken.
The action to be taken when control values or criteria are not met shall be recorded.
A factory production control system complying with EN ISO 9001, and made specific to the requirements of this
standard, shall be deemed to satisfy this requirement.
Frequency as regards the continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of FPC, where relevant, shall be
at least once per year.
7.3.2 Control
material,
marking.
Table 5, for shear plates, split ring and toothed plate connectors,
11
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table 5 - Shear plate, split ring and toothed plate connectors (according to EN 912) - Inspection
schemes for factory production control
Characteristic Test method Min. number of Compliance criteria
specimens
- length, l, width, w or diameter See 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 5 See 6.1.2. Mean of measured values ≥
(dc) and 5.4 declared value
- dimensional tolerances See 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 5 See 6.1.2. Verify compliance with relevant
and 5.4 EN 912 specification
- characteristic load-bearing Supplier’s 5 See 6.1.1 (i.e. EN 912) and see 6.1.2.
a
capacity.
b declaration and Mean of measured values ≥ declared value
5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and and verify compliance with relevant
5.4 EN 912 specification
c
Durability Supplier’s 5 See 6.1.4 (i.e. EN 912)
a
(i.e. corrosion protection) declaration
a
Supplier’s certificate of compliance (EN 10204 Designation 2.1 or higher).
b
Mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics shall be indirectly checked by the material and geometry control.
c
Declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1.
12
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table 6 - Punched metal plate fasteners - Inspection schemes for factory production control
Characteristic Test method Min. number of Compliance criteria
specimens
Material Supplier’s Each steel consignment See 6.2.1. A80 and Table 1
a
declaration
- Plate dimensions: See 5.1, 5.2 and 1 per size on every See 6.2.2. Mean of measured values ≥
length (l) and width (w) 5.5. production size change declared value
a
- Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; Mean of measured values ≥
declared value from Table 3
- Plate thickness tolerance See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.2.2; According to EN 10143 or
EN ISO 9445, as appropriate
- Other dimensions See 5.1 and 5.6 1 per punch on See 6.2.2
(if relevant) commissioning a new
tool, thereafter 6 per coil
- characteristic plate
anchorage capacity
b
(fa,0,0, fa,90,90, k1, k2, α0)
b
- plate slip modulus (kser) Supplier’s Each steel consignment See 6.2.1. A80 and Table 1 and see
a
declaration and 6.2.2. Mean of measured values ≥
see 5.1, 5.2, 5.5 declared value and EN 10143 or EN ISO
and 5.6. 9445, as appropriate
13
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table 6 - Punched metal plate fasteners - Inspection schemes for factory production control (Continued)
Characteristic Test method Min. number of Compliance criteria
specimens
c
Durability Supplier’s Each steel See 6.2.4 and Annex A
(i.e. corrosion protection) declaration consignment
a
Supplier’s certificate of compliance (EN 10204 Designation 2.1 or higher).
b
Mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics shall be indirectly checked by the material and geometry control.
c
Declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1.
14
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Material Supplier’s declaration Each steel See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN)
a
consignment
- Plate dimensions: See 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 1 per batch See 6.3.2. Mean of measured values ≥
length (l) and width (w) declared value
- Plate thickness (tp) See 5.1 and 5.5 5 See 6.3.2; Mean of measured values ≥
declared value
- Plate dimension and See 5 and EN 10051, See EN 10051; EN See 6.3.2; According to:
thickness tolerances EN 10143; EN 10029 10143; EN 10029 or - EN 10051;
or EN ISO 9445 (as EN ISO 9445 (as - EN 10143;
appropriate) appropriate) - EN 10029; or
- EN ISO 9445,
(as appropriate)
- Hole size and positioning See 5.1 and 5.5 1 per batch See 6.3.2, Mean of measured values ≥
tolerances declared value
- Other dimensions See 5.1 and 5.6 5 As appropriate to declared mean value
(if relevant)
a
- characteristic yield Supplier’s declaration Each steel See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN) and dimension
b
strength and dimension and consignment and tolerance control (above)
tolerance control
(above)
a
- minimum percentage Supplier’s declaration Each steel See 6.3.1 (i.e. relevant EN) and dimension
b
elongation after fracture and dimension and consignment and tolerance control (above)
tolerance control
(above)
c
Durability Suppliers declaration Each steel See 6.3.4 and Annex A
(i.e. corrosion protection) consignment
a
Supplier’s certificate of compliance (EN 10204 Designation 2.1 or higher).
b
Mechanical strength and stiffness characteristics shall be indirectly checked by the material and geometry control
c
Declared as appropriate service class according to EN 1995-1-1.
15
EN 14545:2008 (E)
8 Marking
8.1 General
The marking on the packaging shall as a minimum give the following information:
type of connector (with reference to the headings in this standard, i.e. shear plate, split ring connector,
toothed plate connector, punched metal plate fasteners, or nailing plate),
material type and protection against corrosion, if relevant (see Annex A).
Additional marking requirements for each fastener type are given in the 8.2 to 8.4.
NOTE Where ZA.3 covers the same information as this clause, the requirements of this clause are met.
The following additional information for shear plate, ring and toothed plate connectors shall be given:
Each punched metal plate fastener type shall be marked with a unique identifying mark on the product itself.
For each unique punched metal plate fastener type and size the following additional information shall either be
given on the accompanying documentation or by reference to a source where this information is available:
characteristic plate shear capacity, fv,0 and fv,90 , (in N/mm), and constants kv ,γ0,
3
plate slip modulus per unit of effective plate area, kser, (in N/mm ) together with the associated mean timber
3
density ρm (in kg/m ).
Each plate shall be marked with a unique identifying mark on the product itself.
16
EN 14545:2008 (E)
17
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Annex A
(normative)
The materials or coating specification used to achieve corrosion protection are detailed in Table A.1 and shall
be in accordance with EN 1995-1-1. Alternative materials or coatings shall have equivalent properties/
performance.
It is noted that standards for galvanized and electroplated coatings express mass/unit area of coatings with
respect to the surface area, and standards for hot-dip coated sheet express mass/unit area with respect to the
area of the sheet (i.e. the area of a sheet represents half the area of its surface).
(molybdenum chrome
nickel alloys)
thickness 35 µm
thickness 45 µm
Electroplated zinc coating ISO 2081 type and thickness Fe/Zn 12c
2
Zinc pre-coated steel strip or sheet EN 10327 type and g/m Z275
EN 10326/
2
EN 10292 type and g/m Z350
18
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Annex B
(normative)
B.1 General
This Annex outlines the procedures for the derivation of the mechanical strength (anchorage, tension,
compression and shear) and stiffness (slip modulus) characteristics of punched metal plate fasteners,
expressed, as required by EN 1995-1-1. The determination of the characteristic properties shall be based on
the results of tests on joints fabricated, conditioned and tested in accordance with EN 1075.
Results of tests, where failure modes occurred other than those desired, may be disregarded provided the
number of remaining test results exceeds the minimum specified.
NOTE EN 14358 determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties are similar to EN 1058. When EN
14358 is used EN 1058 only concerns the determination of characteristic values of density.
The characteristic density of the timber used in the EN 1075 tests to determine the characteristic anchorage
strengths shall be declared. Characteristic anchorage strengths for characteristic timber densities other than
those tested shall be determined using the procedure described in B.2.4.
The test programme for the determination of characteristic anchorage strengths shall be as shown in Table B.1.
Table B.1 - Test programme for the determination of characteristic anchorage strengths
Angle of load to fastener length, α (°) Angle of load to grain, β (°) Minimum no. of tests
0 0 5
30 0 5
60 0 5
90 0 5
0 90 5
90 90 5
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EN 14545:2008 (E)
The results of tests, where no true anchorage failure is observed (e.g. tension perpendicular to grain failures),
shall be disregarded in the determination of characteristic anchorage strength.
In the determination of the maximum anchorage strength of a test specimen (fa,α,β) the following symbols shall
be used:
C as defined in EN 1075.
The characteristic anchorage strength for each tested plate orientation shall be calculated by employing a
global coefficient of variation (COVg ) calculated using all test results (n) having the same mode of failure (e.g.
anchorage), together with the statistical constant, ks from EN 14358, being based on the same number (n) of
results. The global coefficient of variation shall be calculated using the formula below:
∑((ni − 1)( s y ,i ) 2 )
COVg = ≥ 0,05
(∑ n − J )
i (B.1)
where:
The characteristic anchorage strength fa,α,β,0.05 for each plate orientation (α, β) shall then be calculated
according to EN 14358, using
sy = COVg
y = the mean value of the ultimate anchorage strength of the stochastic variable y = ln(fa,α,β), where
fa,α,β is the ultimate strength for the actual plate orientation (α,β).
fa,0,0 = Characteristic anchorage strength derived directly from the test results,
fa,90,90 = Characteristic anchorage strength taken as the lesser of fa,90,90 and fa,0,90,
k1 = (fa,30,0 - fa,0,0)/(30°),
k2 = (fa,90,0 - fa,60,0)/(30°),
20
EN 14545:2008 (E)
For characteristic timber densities other than that which the tests were carried out, the characteristic anchorage
strength shall either be derived directly from tests carried out on timber of the required density, or shall be
evaluated by adjusting the characteristic anchorage strength properties derived from tests at the reference
0.5
density ρk, by using the factor (ρk/ρref) , where ρref is the characteristic reference density.
Table B.2 - Test programme for the determination of characteristic plate strength properties
Strength type Angle of load to fastener length (°°) Minimum number of tests
Tension 0 5
(see NOTE)
90 5
Compression 0 5
(see NOTE)
90 5
Shear 0 3
15 3
30 3
45 3
60 3
75 3
90 3
105 3
120 3
135 3
150 3
165 3
NOTE In case, where it can be expected, caused by the plate geometry, that the plate strength characteristics
o o o
are not linear between 0 and 90 , it is proposed to add testing at a 45 angle, using 5 test pieces.
21
EN 14545:2008 (E)
The characteristic strength (fα,0.05) for each tested plate orientation shall be calculated by employing a global
coefficient of variation. The principles, given in B.2.3, shall be taken into account.
The following characteristic plate properties defined in EN 1995-1-1 shall be evaluated from the characteristic
steel strengths determined from the test programme listed in Table B.2:
ft,0 = characteristic plate tension strength at 0° to main direction of plate, derived directly from the test
results,
ft,90 = characteristic plate tension strength at 90° to main direction of plate, derived directly from the test
results,
fc,0 = characteristic plate compression strength at 0° to main direction of plate, derived directly from the
test results,
fc,90 = characteristic plate compression strength at 90° to main direction of plate, derived directly from the
test results,
fv,0 = characteristic plate shear strength at 0° to main direction of plate, derived directly from the test
results,
fv,90 = characteristic plate shear strength at 90° to main direction of plate, derived directly from the test
results.
In addition, see EN 1995-1-1, the plate steel property constants γ0 and kv defined in EN 1995-1-1 shall be
determined using the following procedure:
a) calculate the characteristic plate shear strength (fv,αk) at angles α = 15° to 165° directly from all tests results
exhibiting plate shear failures, from the test programme listed in Table B.2;
b) starting with a value of γ = 0°, determine γ0 as the maximum value of γ which satisfies the following relation
for all values of α between 0° and 180°:
2 2 2 2 ½
fv,α ≥ Rx,α Ry,α / [ [cos α Ry,α + sin α Rx,α ]] (B.2)
where:
{
fn,0 │sin[α - γsin(2α)]│
Rx,α = max where
{
fn,90 │cosα│
Ry,α = max where
fv,90 sinα ft,90 when 90° < α < 180°
α = angle of load to fastener length;
22
EN 14545:2008 (E)
c) starting with a value of k = 0, determine kv as the maximum value of k which satisfies the following relation
for all values of α between 0° and 90°:
2 2 2 2 ½
fv,α ≥ Rx,α Ry,α / [ [cos α Ry,α + sin α Rx,α ]] (B.3)
where:
{
ft,0 │sin[α - γ0sin(2α)]│
Rx,α = max
fv,0 │cosα│
{
fc,90 │cosα│
Ry,α = max
[1+ksin(2α)] fv,90 sinα
γ0 = the plate steel property constant (in degrees) determined from the procedure given in section b) above.
NOTE In addition, the rotational stiffness of the contact surface of the fastener may also be declared, based on the
method given in Annex B of EN 1075:1999.
23
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative)
The clauses of this European Standard shown in this annex meet the requirements of the mandate given under
the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC).
Compliance with these clauses confers a presumption of fitness of the construction products covered by this
annex for their intended uses indicated herein; reference shall be made to the information accompanying the
CE marking.
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives not affecting the fitness for intended uses may
be applicable to the construction products falling within the scope of this European Standard.
NOTE 1 In addition to any specific clauses relating to dangerous substances contained in this standard, there may be
other requirements applicable to the products falling within its scope (e.g. transposed European legislation and national
laws, regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive,
these requirements need also to be complied with, when and where they apply.
NOTE 2 An informative database of European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the
Construction web site on EUROPA (accessed through http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/internal/dangsub/dangmain.htm)
This annex has the same scope as Clause 1 of this standard with regard to the products and intended uses
covered. It establishes the conditions for the CE marking of timber connectors intended for the uses indicated
below and shows the relevant clauses applicable (see Table ZA.1).
24
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table ZA.1 - Relevant clauses for timber connectors for structural timber products
c) Nailing plates
- characteristic yield strength 6.3.3 - Tested on the parent plate material acc. to
2
relevant EN and value (in N/mm ) declared
- min. percentage elongation after 6.3.3 - Tested on the parent plate material acc. to
fracture) relevant EN and value (in %) declared
The requirement on a certain characteristic is not applicable in those Member States where there are no
regulatory requirements on that characteristic for the intended end use of the product. In this case,
manufacturers placing their products on the market of these Member States are not obliged to determine nor
declare the performance of their products with regard to this characteristic and the option “No performance
determined” (NPD) in the information accompanying the CE marking (see ZA.3) may be used. The NPD option
may not be used, however, where the characteristic is subject to a threshold level.
25
EN 14545:2008 (E)
The systems of attestation of conformity of timber connectors for structual timber indicated in Table ZA.1, in
accordance with the Decision of the Commission 97/176/EC of 1997-02-17 (see OJEU L73 of 1997-03-14) as
amended by 2001/596/EC of 2001-01-08 (see OJEU L209 of 2001-08-02) and Decision of the Commission
97/638/EC of 1997-09-19 (see OJEU L 268 of 1997-10-01) as given in Annex III of the mandate for "Structural
timber products and ancillaries", is shown in Table ZA.2 for the intended uses and relevant level(s) and
classes.
"System 2+": See Directive 89/106/EEC (CPD) Annex III.2(ii), first possibility, including certification of the factory
production control by an approved body on the basis of initial inspection of the factory and the factory production
control, as well as continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control.
"System 3": See Directive 89/106/EEC (CPD) Annex III.2.(ii), second possibility.
The attestation of conformity of timber connectors in Table ZA.1 under attestation of conformity 2+ shall be
based on the evaluation of conformity procedures indicated in Table ZA.3.1, while those under system 3 shall
be based on the procedures indicated in Table ZA.3.2, resulting from application of the clauses of this
European Standard indicated therein.
26
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Table ZA.3.1 – Assignment of evaluation of conformity tasks for timber connectors for structural timber
products (i.e. shear plates, toothed plate connectors, punched metal plate fasteners and nailing plates)
under system 2+
Tasks under Factory production control (FPC) Parameters related to all 7.3
the characteristics of Table ZA.1
responsibility appropriate for the product type
of the
manufacturer Initial type testing by the All characteristics of Table ZA.1 7.2
manufacturer appropriate for the product type
Table ZA.3.2 – Assignment of evaluation of conformity tasks for steel connectors for structural timber
(i.e. split ring connectors) under system 3
In case of products under system 2+: When compliance with the conditions of this annex is achieved, and
once the notified body has drawn up the certificate mentioned below, the manufacturer or his agent established
in the EEA shall draw up and retain a declaration of conformity (i.e EC declaration of conformity), which entitles
the manufacturer to affix the CE marking. This declaration shall include:
name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, and the
place of production,
NOTE 1 The manufacturer may also be the person responsible for placing the product onto the EEA market, if he takes
responsibility for CE marking.
description of the product (type, identification, use, ...), and a copy of the information accompanying the CE
marking,
27
EN 14545:2008 (E)
NOTE 2 Where some of the information required for the declaration is already given in the CE marking information, it
does not need to be repeated.
provisions to which the product conforms (i.e. Annex ZA of this EN), and a reference to the ITT report(s)
and factory production control records (if appropriate),
particular conditions applicable to the use of the product (e.g. provisions for use under certain conditions),
the number of the accompanying factory production control certificate, and FPC records, where applicable,
name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the declaration on behalf of the manufacturer
or his authorised representative.
The above mentioned declaration shall be accompanied by a factory production control certificate (i.e. EC
certificate of conformity), drawn up by the notified body, which shall contain, in addition to the information
above, the following:
name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the certificate.
In case of products under system 3: When compliance with the conditions of this annex is achieved, the
manufacturer or his agent established in the EEA shall draw up and retain a declaration of conformity (i.e EC
declaration of conformity), which entitles the manufacturer to affix the CE marking. This declaration shall
include:
name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, and place
of production,
NOTE 3 The manufacturer may also be the person responsible for placing the product onto the EEA market, if he takes
responsibility for CE marking.
description of the product (type, identification, use,...), and a copy of the information accompanying the CE
marking,
NOTE 4 Where some of the information required for the declaration is already given in the CE marking, it does not need
to be repeated.
provisions to which the product conforms (i.e. Annex ZA of this EN), and a reference to the ITT report(s)
and factory production control records (if appropriate),
particular conditions applicable to the use of the product, (e.g. provisions for use under certain conditions),
name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the declaration on behalf of the manufacturer
or his authorised representative.
The above mentioned declaration and certificate (where relevent) shall be presented in the language or
languages accepted in the Member State in which the product is intended to be used.
28
EN 14545:2008 (E)
a) identification number of the notified certification body (only for product under system 2+),
c) the last two digits of the year in which the marking was affixed,
d) number of the factory production control EC certificate (only for product under system 2+),
e) reference to this European Standard and the year of its publication (i.e EN 14545:2008),
f) description of the product: “Shear plate”, “Split ring connector”, “Tooth plate connector”, “Punched metal
plate fastener” or “Nailing plate” and intended uses: "for structural timber", together with their size(s) and
parent material as appropriate.
Figure ZA.1 gives an example of the minimum CE marking to be given on the packaging for punched metal
plate fasteners (system 2+).
Figure ZA.2 gives an example of the minimum CE marking to be given on the packaging for split ring
connectors (system 3).
08 Last two digits of the year in which the marking was affixed
Figure ZA.1 – Example of the minimum CE marking on the packaging for punched metal plate fasteners
(system 2+)
29
EN 14545:2008 (E)
Figure ZA.2 – Example of the minimum CE marking on the packaging for split ring connectors (system 3)
In addition, the CE marking symbol shall also be shown on the commercial documents accompanying the
package of connectors. It shall contain, in addition to the information above (see a) to f)), declared values of the
following essential characteristics, listed in Table ZA.1 and relevant to the type of the connector, and represent
the complete CE marking:
g1) shear plate, split ring and toothed-plate connectors (see 6.1.3) as:
- characteristic load bearing capacity;
h1) shear plate, split ring and toothed-plate connectors (see 6.1.3) as:
- slip modulus;
i1) shear plate, split ring and toothed-plate connectors (see 6.1.4) as:
- service class acc. to EN 1995-1-1;
30
EN 14545:2008 (E)
- relevant parent material grade or corrosion protection coating acc. to Annex A and service class
acc. to EN 1995-1-1;
The “No performance determined” (NPD) option may be used when and where the characteristic, for a given
intended use, is not subject to a threshold level and to regulatory requirements in the Member State where the
products are intended to be used.
Figure ZA.3 gives an example of the complete CE marking to appear in the commercial documents,
accompanying the package for punched metal plate fasteners (system 2+).
08 Last two digits of the year in which the marking was affixed
MECHANICAL STIFFNESS:
3
- Slip modulus with mean tim- (kser) 4,5 N/mm
3
ber density ρm = 350 kg/m
- Nail root ductility - Passed
Figure ZA.3 – Example of the complete CE marking in the commercial documents accompanying the
packaging for punched metal plate fasteners (system 2+)
31
EN 14545:2008 (E)
In addition to any specific information relating to dangerous substances shown above, the product should also
be accompanied, when and where required and in the appropriate form, by documentation listing any other
legislation on dangerous substances for which compliance is claimed, together with any information required by
that legislation.
NOTE 2 Affixing the CE marking symbol means, if a product is subject to more than one directive, that it complies with
all applicable directives.
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EN 14545:2008 (E)
Bibliography
[1] EN 1058, Wood-based panels - Determination of characteristic values of mechanical properties and
density
33
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Приложение Д.А.
(справочное)
Перевод европейского стандарта EN 14545 : 2008
1. Область применения
Настоящий Европейский стандарт устанавливает требования и методы испытаний
для материалов, геометрии, прочности, жёсткости и долговечности (т.е. защиты от
коррозии) соединителей, предназначенных для использования в несущих
деревянных конструкциях.
2. Нормативные ссылки
Нижеследующие ссылочные документы являются обязательными для применения
настоящего документа. Для ссылок с указанием даты применяется только
цитированное издание. Для ссылок без указания даты применяется самая
последняя редакция ссылочного документа (включая любые изменения).
3. Термины и определения
3.1
соединитель
пластинчатые шпонки, гладкие кольцевые шпонки или зубчатые шпонки для
соединения деревянных элементов, как определено в стандарте EN 912, и
крепёжные металлические пластины с пробитыми отверстиями или стыковые
накладки, прикрепляемые гвоздями как определено ниже
3.2
стыковая накладка, прикрепляемая гвоздями
плоская прямоугольная металлическая пластина с предварительно пробитыми
отверстиями, сквозь которые вставляются гвозди или винты.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: используется либо на наружных поверхностях стыка для соединения двух или
более кусков древесины одинаковой толщины в одной плоскости, или на одной внешней
поверхности деревянного элемента для анкеровки и крепления.
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СТБ EN 14545-2009
3.3
крепёжная металлическая пластина с пробитыми отверстиями
металлическая пластина, имеющая выступы, составляющие с ней одно целое,
выбитые в одном направлении, выбитые в одном направлении,
перпендикулярном основанию пластины
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: используется для соединения двух или более кусков древесины одинаковой
толщины в одной плоскости.
3.4
толщина пластины
номинальная толщина стальной пластины, включающая в себя толщину
антикоррозионного покрытия
3.5
жёсткость (модуль скольжения)
величина kser, определённая в стандарте EN 26891, рассчитанная на каждый
крепёжный элемент и на каждую плоскость сдвига
4. Символы и сокращения
Для целей настоящего стандарта, применяются символы и сокращения,
приведённые в стандарте EN 1995-1-1:2004, EN 14358:2006, EN 13271:2001, EN
912:1999, а также следующие:
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СТБ EN 14545-2009
5. Размеры и допуски
5.2. Длина
5.3. Ширина
5.4. Диаметр
5.5. Толщина
Когда это применимо, другие размеры, например, длина зубьев и т.д., должны
измеряться, и результат должен объявляться. При отборе образцов в
соответствии с Таблицами 2 и 3, и проведении измерений эти размеры в
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пределах ± 0,75 мм или ± 2,5% от приведённых установленных величин, в
зависимости от того, что больше.
6. Требования
6.1. Пластинчатые шпонки, гладкая кольцевая шпонка и зубчатые шпонки
6.1.1. Материалы
6.1.2. Геометрия
6.2.1. Материалы
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изготавливаться из стали, соответствующей техническим требованиям,
приведённым в Таблице 1, и должны иметь минимальное удлинение (A80) равное
16%.
6.2.2. Геометрия
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материалы для различных классы обслуживания приведены в стандарте EN 1995-
1-1.
6.3.1. Материалы
6.3.2. Геометрия
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: Для отверстий, в которые вставлены гвозди, при условии соблюдения правил определения
промежутков между гвоздями, определенных в стандарте EN 1995-1-1, прочность стыков, полученных со
стыковыми накладками, прикрепляемыми гвоздями, может рассчитываться из уравнения для стыков сталь-
древесина, проведённого в стандарте EN 1995-1-1.
40
СТБ EN 14545-2009
устойчивого к коррозии по своей природе, либо иметь покрытие для защиты от
коррозии. Материал или покрытие должны быть заявлены в соответствии с
соответствующими техническими требованиями, установленными в Приложении
A.
7. Оценка соответствия
Каждый раз, когда имеет место изменение изделия, сырья или поставщика
комплектующих деталей или производственного процесса, которое может оказать
существенное влияние на одну или несколько характеристик, первоначальное
типовое испытание должно быть повторено для соответствующих характеристик
(одной или нескольких).
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Результаты осмотров, испытаний или оценок, требующие действия, должны быть
запротоколированы, как и указание того, должно ли быть то или иное действие
предпринято. Действие, которое должно быть предпринято в случае
несоответствия контрольным величинам или критериям, также должно быть
отмечено в протоколе.
7.3.2. Контроль
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8. Маркировка
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Приложение A
(нормативное)
(молибден-хром-никелевые сплавы)
толщина 45 мкм
EN 10292
52
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Приложение B
(нормативное)
B.1.Общие положения
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COV g =
∑ ((n − 1)(s )
i y ,i
2
)
≥ 0,05 (B.1)
(∑ n − J )
i
где:
55
СТБ EN 14545-2009
где:
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где:
ft,0|sin[α–γ0sin(2α)]|
Rx,α = max
{ fv,0|cosα|
fc,90|cosα|
Ry,a = max
{ [1+ksin(2α)]fv,90sinα
57
СТБ EN 14545-2009
Приложение ZA
(информативное)
58
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вариант ЭХНО не может использоваться в тех случаях, где по отношению к
характеристике действует пороговый уровень.
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Применяемые
Задачи Содержание задачи статьи оценки
соответствия
Задачи, Заводской контроль за Параметры, относящиеся ко 7.3
входящие в продукцией (ЗКП) всем характеристикам,
круг указанным в Таблице ZA.1,
ответственност применимым для типа
и продукции
производителя Первоначальное типовое Все характеристики, 7.2
испытание производителем указанные в Таблице ZA.1,
применимые для типа
продукции
Сертификац первоначального Параметры, относящиеся ко 7.3
ия ЗКП осмотра завода и всем характеристикам,
органом ЗКП указанным в Таблице ZA.1,
сертификаци применимым для типа
и ЗКП на продукции
основании: постоянного Параметры, относящиеся ко 7.3
контроля, оценки всем характеристикам,
и утверждения указанным в Таблице ZA.1,
ЗКП применимым для типа
продукции
Применяемые
Задачи Содержание задачи статьи оценки
соответствия
Задачи, входящие Заводской контроль за Параметры, относящиеся ко 7.3
в круг продукцией (ЗКП) всем характеристикам,
ответственности указанным в Таблице ZA.1,
производителя применимым для типа
продукции
Первоначальное Все характеристики, указанные 7.2
типовое испытание в Таблице ZA.1, применимые
нотифицированной для типа продукции
испытательной
лабораторией
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- наименование и адрес производителя, или его полномочного представителя,
учреждённого в Европейской экономической зоне, а также место производства,
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: 1. Производитель может быть также лицом, ответственным за поставку изделия на рынок
Европейской экономической зоны, если оно принимает на себя ответственность за маркировку CE.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ: 2. В тех случаях, когда некоторая информация, требуемая для заявления, уже представлена
в информации по маркировке CE, нет необходимости в её повторении.
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а также протоколы и заводского контроля за продукцией (если это применимо),
- особые условия, применимые к использованию изделия (например, положения,
касающиеся использования его при определённых условиях),
- наименование и адрес нотифицированных лабораторий (одной или
нескольких),
- имя и должность лица, имеющего право подписывать заявление от имени
производителя или его полномочного представителя.
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информации (см. пункты с a) по f)), он должен также содержать заявленные
значения следующих существенных характеристик, перечисленных в Таблице
ZA.1 и применимых к типу соединителя, и представлять полную маркировку CE:
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использоваться в тех случаях, когда по отношению к характеристике для данного
использования по назначению, не действует пороговый уровень, и когда
выполняются законодательные требования в государстве-участнике, где данные
изделия предназначены для использования.
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перечисляющей любое другое законодательство по опасным веществам,
соответствие которому заявляется, вместе со всякой информацией, требуемой на
основании указанного законодательства, в тех случаях, когда это требуется, и в
установленной форме.
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ 1: Европейское законодательство без национальных сокращений упоминать не
требуется.
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Библиография
[1] EN 1058, Панели деревянные – Определение нормативных значений
механических свойств и плотности
68