.. , ..

1011
. . 1011 .:
. /
.. . 7- ., .
.: , 2003

StudyPort.ru



. , ,
, .

. , , .

. , . , . ,
,
. , , ,
, .
, . , ,
. - , , . , .
t1 A, t2
B. . s , A,
B. , - t1 rA ,
t2 rB , s = rB rA .
s (, y, z)
. , Y
y, Z z.
. . .
:
, . . , .
, .

StudyPort.ru
2

y
A
S
RB
0

RA
B

A B. . v , v =

s
.
t2 t1

. .
v .
- r
, ,
X, . v
X v vx =

x2 x1
,
t2 t1

2 t2, 1 t1.
.
v . -

StudyPort.ru
a a =

v2 v1
,
t2 t1

v2 t2, v1
t1.
a .
s s = v0t +

at 2
,
2

v0 , a , t . X,

x = x0 + v0t +

at 2
,
2

 0 . ,
S, v1 v2 vx22 vx21 = 2 ax sx .
; , . R v.
. T
360, : = 1/T.
v v =

2 R
= 2 R .
T

a. , . a =

v2
.
R

a T
: a = 4 2 2 R = 4 2

R
T2

,
. A
v. B
v0. ,
B, A
v = v v0. ,
, .
1. , .
2. ,
.
3. ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) .
4. ) ; ) ; ) ; ) .
5. ) ; ) .
6. , .
7. (0; 0); (0; 60); (80; 60); D(80; 0).
(20; 40).
K( 5; 20); L( 10; 10); M(30; 5).
8. .
9. , , .
10. ,
.
4

StudyPort.ru

 11.

3 + 1 = 4 , 3 1 = 2 .
12. l = R, S = 2R.

l R
=
=
S 2R 2

13. r1 , : 6 2 =4 , Y:
8,5 8,5 = 0; r2 : 6 2 = 4 , Y: 6 4 =
= 2 ; r3 : 4 8 = 4 , Y: 1,5 1,5 = 0;
r4 : 11 8 = 3 ; Y: 2 6 = 4 ; r5 : 7,5 7,5 = 0; Y: 10 7 = 3 .
14. , .
(20; 20), (60; 10). : 60 20 = 40 ; Y: 10 20 = 30 .
. 40 2 2 + ( 30) 2 2 = 50 .
15. D.
(2; 2), D (6; 2).
: 6 2 = 4 . : 6 2
= 4 , Y: 2 2 = 0. : (10 2 ) + (6
2 ) + (10 2 ) = 20 .
,
16.

StudyPort.ru
S

:
1 = 0;
1 = 2 ;
2 = 4 ;
2 = 1 .
: S; S; Sy.

.
S = 2 1 = 4 0 = 4 ;
S = 2 1 = 1 2 = 3
S = S x2 + S y2 = 42 2 + ( 3)2 2 = 5 .

: S = 4 , S = 3 , S = 5 .
5

 17.

S2

S2

:
S1 = 40 ;
S2 = 30 .
S, l.
18.

.

S = S12 + S22 = 402 2 + 302 2 = 50 .

l = S1 + S2 = 40 + 30 = 70 .
: S = 50 , l = 70 .

S2

S1

:
= 135;
S1 = 2 ;
S2 = 1 .

StudyPort.ru
. S = S1 + S2 .
:

S = S12 + S22 2S1S2cos =

= 22 2 +12 2 - 2 2 1 cos135o =

2
2 2,8 .
2
,
.
= 5 2 + 4

sin =

: S
6

S1sin

( (

= 30.
:
S = 2,8 , = 30.

)) = 2 sin45o 0,5.
2,8

 19.
S//

S2

S3

S
S/

S1

:
= 45;
S1 = 400 ;
S2 = 500 ;
S3 = 600 .

.
1) + = 90,
SiN = coS , coS = SiN .
2) S
/. , S S2 /

//

. S = OA , S = AO .
/

//

: S = S + S .
3) S1coS + S/SiN + S//coS = S2;
S1coS + SSiN = S2;
SSiN = S2 S1coS .
(1)

StudyPort.ru
4)

S3

S //

S3 + S1sin
.
S

, S3 = S//SiN = S//coS ,

ScoS = S3 + S1SiN .
(2)
5) (1) (2).
S S cos 500 400 0,71
tg = 2 1

0,37;
S3 + S1sin 300 + 400 0,71
20.
S S cos 500 400 0,71
6) S = 2 1

617 .
sin
0,35

: S .

:
S = 617 , 20.
7

 20.
:
v1 = 20 /;
v2 = 15 /;
v3 = 10 /;
01 = 500 ;
02 = 200 ;
03 = 300 ;
t1 = 5 ;
t2 = 10 c;
/ = 600 ;
// = 0;
t3 = 20 c.

1) 1 = 01 + v1t = 500 + 20t; 2 = 02 + v2t = 20015t;

3 = 03 + v3t = 300 10t.
2) 1(t1) = 500 + 20 /c 5 c = 600 ;
2(t2) = 200 15 /c 10 c = 150 ;
S(t2) = v2t2 = 15 /c 10 c = 150 .
x / x03 600 ( 300 )
3) / = 01 + v3t/; t / =
=
= 30 .
10

v3
//

x x01 0 ( 500 )
=
= 25 .
v1
20
5) 2(t3) = 200 + (15 /) (20 ) = 500
:
1(t1), : 1(t1) = 600 , 2(t2) = 150 , S(t2) = 150 ,
2(t2), S(t2), t/, t//, t/ = 30 c, t// = 25 c, 2(t3) = 500 .
2(t3).
21.

4) // = 01 + v1t//; t // =

270

x1(0)

2(0)

:
. 1) v1 = 12 /, v2 = 1,5 /; v1 1(t) = 270+12t;
, v 2 .
2(t) = 1,5t.
2) 1(t) = 2(t); 270 + 12t = 1,5t; 13,5t = 270;
t = 20 .
3) = 1(t) = 270 + 12 / 20 = 30 .
:
v1 = 12 /, v2 = 1,5 /, = 30 , t = 20 .
: v1 ,v2 , ,
t.
22.
, I : 5 , II: 5 ,

StudyPort.ru
III: 10 . I: v1 = 5 5 = 0 ,
II:

15 5
v2 =
= 1/,
20

20
0

10
)
III: v3 =
= 0,5 /. 20

: I: 1 = 5; II: 2 = t + 5; III: 3 = 0,5t 10.

.. ,
v1, v2, v3 .
8

 II III , = 5 t = 10 .
. 2(t) = 3(t); t + 5 = 0,5t 10;
t = 10 ;
2(t) = 2(10) = 10 + 0,5 / 10 = 5 .
23.
x, 200
100
0
-100

10

15

20

25

30

-200
t,

.
:
1(t) = 5t;
1(t) = 2(t); 5t = 150 10t; t = 10 .
2(t) = 150 10t.
= 1(t) = 5 / 10 = 50 .
: , t.
: = 50 , t = 50 .
24. I: 10 = 20 , II: 20 = 20
60 20
= 2 ,
20
60 ( 20 )
v2 =
= 4 .
20

. I: v1 =
II:

: 1(t) = 10 + v1t = 20 + 2t; 2(t) = 20 + v2t = 20 + 4t.

t = 0, . t , = 0.
, 25.

StudyPort.ru
600
400
200

10

15

20

25

30

35

40
t,

:
v1 = 10 /;
v2 = 20 /;
= 2000 .
: , t.

. 2 = v2t = 20t;
1 = + v1t = 200 + 20t; 2(t) = 1(t);

v2t = + v1t; t =

x
200
=
= 20 .
v2 v1 20 - 10

= 2(t) = v2t = 20 / 20 = 400 .

: = 400 , t = 20 .
9

 26 ().
:
S, 10 = 0, v1,
v2.

.
1) 1(t) = v1t; 2(t) = v2t + S; 1(t) = 2(t);
v1t = v2t + S;
v1x
S
2) t =
S;
; 2) = 1(t) = v1t =
v1x v2 x
v1x v2 x
x
v
3) x1/ = v1xt / , t / = 1 ; x2/ = v2xt / + S = 2x + S.
v1x
v1x

: t, ,
2/

t,

2/ ,
100
0
810
526
825

1
20
200
2
37,6
700
3
0
0
4
47,2
849
5
37
629
27 ().
: 1 = 01 + v1t; . 1(t) = 2(t); 01 + v1t = 02 + v2t;
2 = 02 + v2t.
x x
v1x
t = 01 02 ; = 1(t)=01 +
( x01 x02 ) .
: , t.
v2 x v1x
v 2x v1x

t,
,
1
42
200
2
7,3
17,8
3
11,3
12,5
4
53,7
263
5
5,7
0
28. ) ; ) ; )
29. ,
, .
30. ,
, , . , .
31.
: 150 / 41,7 /. 41,1>30,
, 30 /.

StudyPort.ru
10

 32.
: v1 = 36 / = . v / = v + v = 10 / + 4 / = 14 /.
2
1
2
= 10 /; v2 = 4 /
//
v2 = v1 v2 = 10 / 4 / = 6 /.
/

//

: v 2 , v 2 .
33.
:
v = 18 / = 5 /.
:
/ // /
vx ,vx , vx1 ,vx//1

//

: v 2 = 14 , v 2 = 6 .
. ,
, 1 vx/ = 5 /, vx// = 5 /. , , vx/ 1 = 2v = 10
/, vx//1 = 0.

34.
:
. v/ = v + v ;
v = 0,75 /;
l
l
20
t= / =
=
= 20 .
v = 0,25 /,
+
+ 0 ,25 /c
v
v
,
0
75
/c
v

l = 20
: t.
: t = 20.
35.
: v1 = 72 / = 20 /; . v/ = v1 + v2;
v2 = 54 / = 15 /;
l = tv/ = t(v1 + v2) =
t = 14 .
=14(20 + 15) = 490
l.
36.
:
l
l
l
l
=
; t // =
. t / =
=

StudyPort.ru
v
=n
v

v + v

t //

t/

t //

l
(n +1)v
l
(n 1)v

N = 11

37.
:
t1 = 1 .;
t2 = 3 .

: t.

(n + 1)v

l
=
v + v

t/

t //

l
l
t1

(n 1)v

n 1
t / 2 1 1
; N = 2 // =
=
2 +1 3
n +1
t
11 1 5
= .
11 + 1 6

. l = vt1 = vt2; =
t=

v + v

l
t2

l
l
; v = ;
t1
t2

t1t2
1 3
=
= 0 ,75 .
t1 + t2 1 + 3

: t = 0, 75 .
11

 38.
v1

v2

n3

:
. ,
v1 = 20 /;
.
v2 = 16,5 /; v / = 0 , v / = v v = 20 / 16,5 / = 3,5 /;
2
1
1
2
v3 = 25 /;
/
v3 = v3 v2 = 25 16,5 = 41,5 /.
1 = 15 ;
x x
x x
2 = 20 .
t = 2 1 = 2 1 ;
v1
v1 v2
: l.

l = (2 1) + t x3/ = (x2 x1) +

= (x2 x1) 1 +

v2 v3
(x2 x1 ) =
v1 v2

v2 v3
v1 v3
=
= ( x2 x1 )
v1 v2
v1 v2
20 / ( 25 /)
= 450 .
20 / 16 ,5 /

= (20 ( 15 ))
39.
:
= 1 =
= 60 ;
v = 2 /.

. 1) l0 = (v v);
2) l/(t) = l0 + t(v + v); l/(t) = v + vt; l/(t) = l//(t);
(v v) + t(v + v1) = v + vt; t = ;
t/ = t + = 2 = 21 = 2 ;
3) l = vt/ = 2v = 60 c2 /c2 = 240 .
: t/ = 2 , l = 240 .

StudyPort.ru
: t/, l.
40 ().
:
.
S, v1, v2.
v2 + v1 + v2 v1
S
S
2 Sv
= 2 22
: t1 t2. t = v v + v + v = S
2
2

v2 v1
2
1
2
1

v2 v1
t2 =

2S

; t1 t 2 = 2 S v2 1
2
2

v2
v2 v1 v2

41 ().
:
.
v = 12 /,
vy = 5 /.
2
2
2
v = vx + v y = 12

v.
12

( /c )2 + 22 ( /c )2 =13 /.

: v = 13 /

 42(41).

vy

vx

:
. 1).
vy = 20 /;
2
2
v = vx2 + v 2y = 202 ( /c ) + ( 10 ) ( /c ) = 10 5 /c 22 /c;
v =10 /.
2) tg =

vx
10 /c
1
1
=
= ; = arctg 27.
vy
20 /c
2
2

:v, . : v 22 /c, = 27.

43(42).
:
.
v = 4 /;
v
l
1 /c
; S = vtt = l =
t=
800 = 200 .
v = 1 /;
vk
vk
4 /c
l = 800 .
: S.
: S = 200 .
44(43).
:
. .
l = 100 =
l 1
t = ; ( d 2 d1 ) = v1t ;
= 10 ;
v2 2
v2 = 25 /;
d d d d
4,2 c 3,8 c
25 =
v1 = 2 1 = 2 1 v2 =
d = 38 =
.
2t
2l
2 10 c
= 3,8 ;
= 0,5 .
d2=42=4,2 .
: v1.
: v1 = 0,5 .
45(44).

StudyPort.ru

v1
v2

13

:
v2, v1, S.
: , t, v.

. 1) SiN =

v2
v
, .. = aRcSiN 2 ;
v1
v1

2) v = v1 cos = v1 1 sin 2 = v1 1
3) t =

v22
v12

= v12 v22 ;

S
S
=
.
2
v
v1 v22

19,5
72,6
27
7,72
0

1
2
3
4
5
46.

v, /
5,66
0,656
3,72
12,1
4,7

t, /
38,9
131
6,98
39,3
8

v1
v

StudyPort.ru

v2

:
.
v1 = 90 / = v2 = v 2 + v 2 2v v cos
1
2
1 2
= 25 /;
2
2
v = v1 + v2 2v1v2 cos =
v2 = 10 /;
= 45.
= 252 ( ) + 102 ( ) 2 25 10

19,3 /;
:
: v, .
14

v2
v
v
; sin = 2 sin 0,36;
=
sin sin
v

= aRcSiN 0,36 21.

: v 19,3 /, 21.

 47.
:
v = 2,4 /;
v1 = v2 = v3 =
= 1 /.
:

. 1) v i/ = v i v
i = 1, 2, 3.
2) .. v1 v2 ,
v1/ = v1 v = 1 / 2 , 4 / = 1,4 /;

v1/ ,v2/ ,v3/ ,

v 2/ = v 2 v = 1 / 2 , 4 / =

v1/x , v1/y , v2/ x ,

v2/ y ,

v3/ x ,

v3/ y

3,4 /.

3) .. v , v1 , v2 Y,
/
/
v1/x = v / = 1, 4 /; v 2 x = v 2 = 3 , 4 /;

v 1/ y = 0 ; v 2 y = 0 .

4) v3/ = v32 + ( v )2 = v32 + v2 = (1 / )2 + ( 2,4 / )2 =

= 2,6 /.
v3/ x = v = 2,4 /; v3 y = v3 = 1 /.
48().
: t1 = 5c,
. v1 = s1 = 40 = 8 / c .
t1
5
s1 =40, t2 = 10,
s2 = 100, t3 = 5c
100
20
s
s
= 10 / c . v 3 = 3 =
= 4 / c.
v2 = 2 =
s3 = 20
t2
t3
10
5
:
s
s + s 2 + s3
4 0 + 1 00 + 20
=
= 8 / c.
v= = 1
v1- ? v2- ?
t
t1 + t 2 + t 3
5 + 10 + 5
v3 - ? v- ?
: v1 = 8/, v2 = 10/, v3 = 4 /, v = 8 /.
49(48).
:
l
l
; t2 =
;
. 1) t1 =
v1 = 10 /;
2v1
2v2
v2 = 15 /;
l
1
2v v
2 10 / 15 /

StudyPort.ru
v =

t1 + t2

1
1
+
2v1 2v2

1 2

v1 + v2

10 / + 15 /

= 12 /.

2) , v1 v2
, v.
:
v1 + v2 2v1v2 ( v1 + v2 ) 4v1v2 v12 + v22 2v1v2 ( v1 v2 )
=
>0

=
=
2( v1 + v2 )
2( v1 + v2 )
2
2( v1 + v2 )
v1 + v2
2

v1 + v2
2v v
> 1 2 . v1 + v2
2

: v.

v1 + v2 10 / + 15 /
=
= 12,5 / > 12 /.
2
2

: v = 12 /.
15

 50(49). 1) .
6 . ,

6
= 0,12 .
50

5 , 50 ; ,

50
= 10 .
5

1,2 ,
1,210 = 12 .

12
= 100 /.
0,12

2) . .. ,
. 4 , ..

4
= 0,08 .
50

1,6 , .. 1,6
10 = 16 .
51(50).
:
a = 200 /2;
v = 10 /.
: .
52(51).
:
t1 = 10 ;
v1 = 0,6 /;
v2 = 3 /.
: t2.
53(52).
: a = 0,3 /2;
v0 = 4 /; t = 20 .
: v.
54(53).
:
v1 = 12 /;
v2 = 20 /;
= 0,4 /2.
: t.

16
= 200 /.
0,08

.
0 = v ; =

v
10 /
=
= 0,05 .
a 200 / 2

: = 0,05 .

StudyPort.ru
16

.
a=

v1 v2
v
3 /
= ; t2 = 2 t1 =
10 = 50 .
t1 t2
v1
0 ,6 /

: t = 50 c.

.
v = v0 + at = 4 / + 0,3 /2 20 = 10 /.
: v = 10 /.

v2 = v1 + t; t =
: t = 20 c.

v2 v1 20 / 12 /
=
= 20 .
a
0 ,4 / 2

 55(54).
v, /c 150
100
50
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140
t,

.
v(t0) = 0,85 = 4 /.
: v(t0) = 4 /.

:
v = 0,8t, t0 = 5
: v(t0).
56(55).
v, /c 30
20
10
0
-10 0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-20
t,

:
t = 20 ;
v0 = 72 / = 20 /;
v1 = 54 / = 15 /.
: v(t).

.
1) v1 = v0 + t; a x =

v1 v0
t

2) v(t) = v0 + t = v0 (v0
v1)

t
20 / 15 /
= 20 /
t = 20 0 , 25t .
20
t

StudyPort.ru
57(56).
:
1) v0 = v(0) = 1 /;
2) v(3) = 2,5 /;
3) v(6) = 4 /.
v(t).
ax =

v( 6 ) v0 4 / 1 /
2
=
= 0 ,5 / . v(t) = v0 + t = 1 + 0,5t.
6
6

58(57).
10 / 0 /
= 1,25 /2; v0 = 0; v(t) = 1,25t.
8
20 / 5 /
2
II: a x =
= 5 / ; v0 = 5 /; v(t) = 5 + 5t.
3
0 / 20 /
2
III: a x =
= 4 / ; v0 = 20 /; v(t) = 20 4t.
5

I: ax =

17

 59(58).
v, /c

40
20

0
-0,5
-20

0,5

1,5

2,5

3,5

4,5

5,5

6,5

-40
t, c

. 1) ,
v0 Y, (.. v0 ),
Y, .. .
v = v0 t = 30 10t;
v(t1) = v(2) = 30 / 10 /22 = 10 /;
v(t2) = v(3) = 30 / 10 /23 = 0;
v(t3) = v(4) = 30 / 10 /24 = 10 /
: v(t), v(ti) : v(t) = 30 at, v(t1)=10 /,
i = 1, 2, 3.
v(t1) = 0, v(t1) = 10 /.
60(59).
:
v0 = 30 /;
= 10 /2;
t1 = 2 ;
t2 = 3 ;
t3 = 4

/c 1 , 5

0 ,5

0
0

StudyPort.ru
-0 ,5

-1

-1 ,5

t,

/c 1 ,5

0 ,5

0
0

0 ,5

1 ,5

- 0 ,5

-1
- 1 ,5
t,

18

1 /2 , 0 t 1,

) =

1 / , 1 < t 3

t, 0 t 1,
1 ( t 1 ), 0 < t 3.

; v ( t ) =

2
1 / , 0 t 1,

) ( t ) =

61(60).
:
1 = 22.

/ , 1 < t 2.

. S1 =

t 0 t 1
1 2( t 1 ), 1 < t 2

; v ( t ) =

a1t 2
t2
t2 S
= 2a2 ; S2 = a2 ; 1 = 2 .
2
2
2 S2

v1 = 1t = 22t; v2 = 2t;
:

S1
,
S2

v1
v2

v1
=2.
v2

S1
v
=2, 1 =2.
S2
v2

62(61). , ..

1, 4 = 22, 9 = 32, 16 = 42.
, 16 40,2 = 0,8 ;
16 =

0 ,8 2
2

. = 50 /2 = 5 /2.

v(0) = 0.
v(0,2) = 1 /.
v(20,2) = 2 /.
v(30,2) = 3 /.
v(40,2) = 4 /.
63().
: s = 10 .
v = 20 /
at 2
200
1 / 2 ( 1 )2
x = s + vt
= 10v +
/ 1
= 5 .
t = 1c
2
36
2
2
a = 1 /
: x - ? : x = -5.
64(63).
:
at 2
2l
2 30
= 10 .
= 0,6 /2; . l = 2 ; t = a =
0 ,6 / 2
l = 30 .
: t.
: t = 10 .
65(64).
2
2
2
:
. 1) l = at1 ; a = 22l ;2) 9 l = at 2 ; 9 l = 2 l t 2 ;
t1 = 3 .
2 2
2
2
t
t

StudyPort.ru
1

: t2.

t2 = 3t1; t2 = 33 = 9 .
: t2 = 9 .
19

 66.
:
at 2
. V = at; S =
.
1t.
2
: S, v.

v, /
2,29
7,61
8,35
715
23,7
85,8

1
2
3
4
5
6
67.
:
t = 10;
S = 5 =
= 5103 .

S,
4,24
35,8
36,3
0,414
226
2230

.
S=

a 2
2 S 2 5 103
t ; a= 2 =
= 100 /2;
2
t
(10 )2

v = at =

2 St
t

2S 2 5 103
=
= 1000 /.
t
10

: ; v. : a = 100 /2, v = 1000 /.

68.
.
:
= 616 /2 =
at 2
2l
= 6,16105 /2; l = 2 ; t = a ;
l = 41,5 =
v = at = 2al = 2 6 ,16 105 / 0 ,415 7 ,15 102 /.
= 0,415 .
: v.
: v 7 ,15 102 /.
69.

StudyPort.ru
l at12
=
; v1 = at1 ;
1) 2 2

3)

v12
v22

l v12
at 2
v2
=
l = 2 ; v2 = at2 ; l = 2
2 2 ; 2)
2
2a ;

1 v
= ; 2 = 2 1,41.
v1
2

70.
:
v0 = 72 / =
= 20 /;
t = 5 .
: S.
20

.
0 = v0 t; a =

v0
;
t

vt 1
1
at 2
= v0t 0 = v0t = 20 / 5 = 50 .
2
2 2
2
: S = 50 .
S = v0t

 71.
:
.
S1 = 1215 ;
at 2
v12
v12
v1 = 270 / = S1 = 2 ; v1 = a1 ( t1 ) ; S1 = 2a ; a1 = 2S
2
1
= 75 /;
2
v
2
S
S2 = 710 ;
S1 = 1 t12 t1 = 1 ;
4 S1

v2 = 230 /
63,9 /.

v1

2) 0 = v2 a2t2; S2 = v2t2
a2 =

a2t22 v22 v22

v2
=

= 2 ;
a2 2a2 2a2
2

v
2S
v22
; t2 = 2 = 2 ;
2S2
a2
v2
2

3)

a1 v12 S2 ( 270 / ) 710

=
=

0,81 ;
a2 v22 S1 ( 230 / )2 1215

t1 S1v2 230 / 1215

=
=
1,46 .
270 / 710
t2 S 2v2

t1 a1
;
t2 a2

a1
t
0 ,81, 1 1,46 .
a2
t2

71.
:
.
v1=15 /;
at12 v12 v12 v12
v1
v2=90 /; 1) 0 = v1 t1; t = a ; S1 = v1t1 2 = a 2a = 2a ;
S1 = 1,5 .
v2
2a = 1 .

StudyPort.ru
S1

2)
2a =

S2.

72.
:
a1 = 5 /2
v = 30 /
t2 = 10c
: s - ?

3)

v22
S2

v12 v22
;
=
S1 S2

v
90 /
S2 = 2 S1 =
1,5 = 54 .
15 /
v1

. 1) v = a1t1 <=> t1 =
2) 0 = v a 2t 2 <=> a 2 =
s = s1 + vt 2

v
t2

v
a1t 2
= 6c => s1 = 1 = 90
2
a1

= 3 / 2

a 2t22
= 240 . : s = 240.
2

21

 73.
:
= 3.

.
v

v

v

v

l =const

l
=
l

v

v

t =const

v

v

l =const

74.
:
= 10 ;
v = 6t;
(0) = 0;
v(0) = 0.
: (t); ().
75.

t =const

t
=
t

t =const

=3;
t =const

= 3 1,7 .
l =const

v
= 3,
v

1,7.
l =const

.
1) = 6 /2; 2) x =

axt 2
= 3t 2 ;
2

3) () = (100) = 3102 = 300 .

:
x = 3t 2 , () = 300 .

x, 15
10

StudyPort.ru
5
0

:
= 0,4t2;
= 4 .

t, c

.
1) x =

at 2
a
, = 0,4; = 0,8 /2
2
2

2) v(t) = at = 0,8t;
3) S = () = 0,4 /2(4 )2 = 64 .
:v(t), S.

: x =

S = 64 .
22

at 2
,
2

 76.
:
= 5 ;
= 0,2t.

.
0,2 2 = 0,4 /2
() = 0,252 = 5 ; S() = () = 5 .

: (); S().
: () = 5 , S() = 5
77().
:
at 2
. 1) s1 = s v1 t +
v1 = 5/
2
a = -0,2 /2
2
2
s
at
v = 1,5 /
2) s2 = v2t +
s = v1t + v2t => t =
= 20c.
v1 + v2
2
s = 130
s1 = 70 ,s2 = s s1 = 60 .
: t, s1, s2-?
: t =20, s1 =70, s2=60.
78(77).
:
.
l = 100 ;
at 2
l at 100 0,3/2 20
l = v0t +
; v0 = =

= 2 /
t = 20 ;
t 2
2
20
2
= 0,3 /2.
v = v0 + at = 2 / + 0,3 /220 = 8 /.
: v0, v
: v0 = 2 /, v = 8 /.
79.
:
v v
. 1) v = v0+at; a = 0 ;
t = 20 ;
t
l = 340 ;
at 2
t 2 v v0 t ( v + v0 )
v = 19 /.
= v0t +
=
2) l = v0t +
;
2
2
2
t
2l
2 340
19/= 15 /;
v0 = Vk =
20
t
v v
2v 2l 2
l
a= 0 =
= v =
2 t
t
t
t
t

StudyPort.ru
3)

: , v0.
80.

2
340
19/
= 0,2 /.
20
20

: = 0,2 /2, v0 = 15 /.
1

v02

2
23

:
1 = -0,4t2;
2 = 400-0,6t;
3 = -300.
: x0i, v0i,
ai, i = 1, 2, 3.

. xi = x0i + v0it +
1) 01 = 0; v01 = 0;

ai 2
t
2

a1
2
= 0 , 4 , 1 = 0,8 / .
2

, .
2) 02=400 ; v02 = -0,6 /; a2 = 0 , 2=0.
2

, .
3) 03 = -300 ; v03 = 0; a3 = 0 , 3 = 0.
.

81.
v, /c 20
10
0
-10

-20
-30
-40

StudyPort.ru
t, c

:
1 = 10t+0,4t2;
x2 = 2t-t2;
x3 = -4t+2t2;
x4 = -t-6t2
: vxi(t),
i = 1, 2, 3;
v1 = 2-2t.

. xi = v0i +

ai 2
t ; vxi = v0 + ait
2

1) v01 = 10 /; 1 = 0,8 /2; v1 = 10+0,8t.

.
2) v02 = 2 /; 2 = 2 /2; vx2 = 2 2t
.
3) v03 = - 4 /; 3 = 4 /2; v3 = - 4+4t.
.
4) v04 = - 1 /; 4 = - 12 /2; v4 = - 1-12t.
.

82.
57 :

I : X (t ) =
24

1,25 2
t = 0,625t 2
2

5
2

II : X (t ) = 5t + t 2 = 5t + 2,5t 2
4
2

III : X (t ) = 20t t 2 = 20t 2t 2

83().
:
.
S1, S2, S3.
a1t1

S1 = 2 (1)

: t1,
t2, v, 1, 2.

a2t22
(2)
S2 = vt2
2

v = a1t1 (3)
t = t + t (4)
1
2

0 = v a2t2 (5)

1) (3) (5) t1 t2.

t2 =

v
v
, t1 = .
a2
a1

(1) (2), :
S1 =

v2
v2
v2
v2
; S2 =
= a1S1;
= S2a2

2a1
2a2
2
2

a1S1 = a2S2.
a1 =

v
v
S
S
1 = 2
, a2 =
t1
t2
t1 t2

StudyPort.ru
(4), :
t1 =
2) t2 = t t1 =

S2
t.
S1 + S2

S1
S
= 2 .
t1 t t1

S1
t.
S1 + S2

3) t1 (1) a1 =
4) (6), a2 =

2S1
t12

S1
a1 .
S2

5) 2 t2 (2)
1
at 2
v = S + 2 .
t
2

25

 84.
v,/ 5
4
3
2
1
0
-1 0
-2
-3

10

15

t, c

:
t1 = 4 ;
1 = 1 /2;
t2 = 0,1 =
= 6 ;
l3 = 20 .

. 1) :

v1x = a1t = t; l1 =

a1t12 1/ 2 (4)2
=
= 8 .
2
2

2) : v2x = a1t1 = 1 /2 4 = 4 /;
l = v2xt2 = a1t1t2 = 1 /2 4 6 = 24 .
3) :
2l3a3 = v 22x ; a3 =

v22x (4/)2
=
= 0,4 /2.
2l3 2 20

v3x = v2x-a3t = 4-0,4t, 0 = 4-0,3t3, t3 = 10 .

t, t 4 c

4) vx(t) = 4, 4c < t 10c .

4 0,4t, t > 10c

l1 + l2 + l3 8 + 24 + 20
=
=
= 1,6 /.
t1 + t2 + t3
4 + 6 + 10

StudyPort.ru
5) v

: v, v(t).

t, t 4 c

: v = 1,6 /, v(t) = 4 , 4c < t 10c

4 0 , 4t, t > 10c

85.
:
v = 72 / = 20 /,
t = 20 = 1200 ,
t1 = 4 = 240 .

.
, .
: S = v

v = v 1
1

v.
26

t1
2t

= 20 /

: v 22,2 /.

t + (t t1)
= vt;
2

1
1

240 c
21200c

22,2 /.

v, /

t t1

v
vcp

t,
86.
:
x1 = 2t + 0,2t2;
x2 = 80 4t;
= 5 c.

. 1) , .
2) x1(tB) = x2(tB); 2tBt0,2tB2 = 80 4tB;
0,2tB2 + 6t 80 = 0; t1 =

t2 =

3 5
= 40 c;
0,2

3 + 5
= 10 c; tB = t2, .. t1 < 0.
0,2

xB = x2(tB) = 80 4 / 10 = 40 .
3) x1() = 2 / 5 + 0,2 /2(5 )2 = 15 ;
x2() = 80 4 / 5 = 60 ;
R = |x1() x2()| = |15 60 | = 45 .
4) x2(t) = 0,
.. 80 4t = 0; t = 20 c;
x1 = x1(t) = 2 / 20 + 0,2 /2(20 )2 = 120 .
xB, tB, R, x1. : = 40 , t = 10 c, R = 45, x1 = 120 .
87.
:
a t2
. 1) X1(t) = x1 + 1 = 6,9 + 0,1t2;
1 = 0,2 /2;
2
v02 = 2 /;
2
at
2 = 0,4 /2;
X2(t) = x2 + v02t + 2 = 2t + 0,2t2;
2
1 = 6,9 ;
2) X1(tB) = X2(tB);
2 = 0.
6,9 + 0,1tB2 = 2t + 0,2t2; 0,1t2 + 2t 6,9 = 0;
1 1,3
1+ 1,3
t1 =
= 23 c; t2 =
= 3 c.
0,1
0,1
tB = t2, .. t1 < 0.
xB = X1(tB) = 6,9 + 0,1 /2(3 )2 = 7,8 .
1(t),
: X1(t) = 6,9 + 0,1t2; X2(t) = 2t + 0,2t2;
X2(t), xB, tB.
xB = 7,8 ; tB = 3 .

StudyPort.ru
27

 88.
:
1 = 15 + t2;
x2 = 8t.

.
1) , .
2) x1(tB) = x2(tB);
15 + t2 = 8t;
t2 8t + 15 = 0;
t1 = 3 c; t2 = 5 c.
, :
tB1 = t1 tB2 = t2.
3) xB1 = x2(tB1) = 8 /3 = 24 .
xB2 = x2(tB2) = 8 /5 = 40 .
: xB1 = 24 ; xB2 = 40 .

; tB.
89.
:
.
1
1 = 30 / = 0,5 /;
1
Ti =
; 1) 1 =
= 2 ;
2 = 1500 / = 25 /;
i
0,5c 1
3 = 8400 / = 140 /;
1
4=96000 /=1600 /. 2) 2 = 25c 1 = 0,04 ;
3) 3 =
4) 4 =
Ti, i = 1, 2, 3, 4.

1
140c 1
1

0,007 ;

1600c 1

= 6,25104 .

: 1=2 ; 2=0,04 ; 3 0,007 ;

4 = 6,25104 .

StudyPort.ru
90.
:

27 = 648 .
.
91.
:
d = 300 = 0,3 ;
vmax = 35 /;
1 = 1400 /
23,3 /;
2 = 2800 /
46,7 /.
v1, v2.

28

.
=

1
1
1,46103 -1.
=
T 684

: 1,46103 -1
.

1) v1 = 21 d = d1
2

3,140,3 23,3 -1 21,9 / < vmax ,

, .
2) v2 = d2 3,140,3 46,7 -1
44,0 / > vmax , , .
:
v1 21,9 /; v2 44,0 /.

 92.
:
1
l
. = ; t = ;
= 1500 /=25 /;
v

l = 90 = 9104 ;
9 104 25/
t l
N= = =
=4,5104 .
v = 180 / = 50 /.
T v
50/
N.
: N = 4,5104 .
93.
:
1
. v = 2R; = ;
= 4 ;
T
R = 2 .
2r 2 3,14 2
v=
= 3,14 /.

v.
94.

: v = 3,14 /.

d2
= 2.
d1

. v = d11 = d22;

2
.
1

95.
:
v = 9,53 /;
R1 = 2,5 ;
R2 = 7 .

2 d1 1
=
=
1 d 2 2

2 1
=
1 2

. v = 21R1 = 22R2;
1 =

v
9 ,53/
0,61 /;

2r1 2 3,14 2 ,5

2 =

v
9,53/
0,22 /.

2r2 2 3,14 7

StudyPort.ru
1 =

1
1
1
1
=
1,64 ; 2 =
=
4,55 .
1 0 ,61 1
2 0,221

1, 1, : 1 0,61 /; 1 1,64 ;
2, 2.
2 0,22 /; 2 4,55 .
96.
r

R
60

29

:
= 27 =
= 86 400 ;
= 60;
R = 6400 =
= 6,4106 .
v.

= RcoS;
2

1) R = RSiN
2) =

1
;
T

3) v = 2R =
=

2Rcos 2 3,14 6,4 106 cos60o

230 /.

T
86400c

, 230 /, (
).
.
97.
:
R = 6400 =
= 6,4106 ;
h = 230 =
= 2,3105 ;
= 88,85 =
= 5331 .
v.
98.
:
R2 = 4R1;
T2 = 8T1.

v=

2(R + h) 2 3,14 6,4 106 + 0,23 106 cos 60o

T
5331c

7,8103 /.

: v 7,8103 /
.
v1 = 2R1/T1;
v2 = 2R2/T2 = 24R1/(8T1) = R1/T1;

StudyPort.ru
v2
R
T
1
= 1 1 = .
v1
T1 2R1 2

v2
.
v1

99.
:
l2 = 3l1;

1
T2 =
T1.
60

30

v1
.
v2

v2
1
=
2
v1

v1 = 2

l
l1
l
3l
; v2 = 2 2 = 2 1 = 2 1 = 2
20T1
T1
T2
60T1

v1 l1 20T1
= 20
=
v2 T1 l1

v1
= 20
v2

 100.
:
1 = 1200 /;
R1 = 8 ;
R2 = 32 ;
R3 = 11 ;
R4 = 55 .

. 1) v1 = 2R11 = v2 = 2R22;
R11 = R22;

2 = 1 r1 ;
r2

2) v3 = 22R3 = v4 = 24R4;
2R3 = 4R4;

1 r1r3 = 4R4;
r2

4 =
4.
101.
:
d1 = 600 ;
d2 = 300 ;
d3 = 120 ;
= 1200 / =
= 20 /.

r1r3
8 11
1 =
1200/ =
r2 r4
32 55

=60 /.
: 4 = 60 /.
.
1) v3 = d3 = v2 = d22; 2 =
2) v = d12 =
3,14

v.
102.
:
d = 70 = 0,7 ;
z1 = 48;
z2 = 18;
N = 1 /;
D = 50 = 0,5 ;
z1 = 48;
z2 = 15.

d3

d2

d1d3

d2

600 120
20 / 1,5104 / =
300

= 15 /.
: v = 15 /.

StudyPort.ru
.
1) z1N = z2N

v = d = dN

z1
48
3,140,7 1 /
z2
18

5,9 /.
2)

v = dN

z1
48
3,140,5 1 / 5,0 /.
15
z2

: v 5,9 /; v 5,0 /.

v, vk.
103.
:
R = 800 ;
v = 20 /.

: = 0,5 /2.

v 2 (20/)2
= 0,5 /2.
=
R
800

31

 104.
:
v = 2 /;
R = 6,96105 .

.
1) v = 2

R
R
6,96 105
; T = 2 23,14

2/
T
v

2,2106 c 25 .
2) =
, .
105.
:
d = 600 =
= 0,6 ;
= 0,046 .

= 5,7 /2.
: = 25 ; = 5,7 /2
.
1) v =
2) =

v, a.
106.
:
R = 40 ;
g = 9,8 /2.
v.
107.
:
d = 7,5 ;
= 93,8 /
1,56 /.

v2
(2/) 2
5,7106 /2 =
=
R 6,96 105

0,6
d
3,14
41 /
0,046
T

v 2 2v 2 22 d 2 22 d 2 3,142 0,6

=
= 2 = 2
R
d
(0,046) 2
T d
T

5,7103 /2 = 5,7 /2.

: v 41 /; = 5,7 /2.
.
g=

v2
; v=
R

Rg = 40 9,8/2 20 /.

: v 20 /.

StudyPort.ru
.

2v 2
; v = d;
d

a=

22 d 2 2
= 22d2 23,1427,5(1,56-1)2
d

367 /2.
: a 367 /2.

.
108.
:
v = 72 / = 20 /;
= 8 1.

v2
v
; v = 2R; R =
;
R
2

a = 2v 23,148-120 / 103 /2.

.
32

: a 103 /2.

 109.
:
R1 = 2 R2 .

.
1) ai =

a
R
v2
= 1 =2;
; = 2
a
Ri
1 v =const R2

( )

2
2 2
Ri
2 R
; ai = ( 2 ) i 2 = 2 Ri ;
T
RT
T
i

2) vi = 2

a2
R 1
= 2= .

a1 T =const R1 2

=
:
, .
110.
:
R2 = 8R1;
1
2 = n1.
40

: = 2, =

1
.
2

.
1) v1 = 2nR1n1;
v 2 = 2 R 2 2 = 2 8 R1
2)

a1 =

v12
R1

1
40

1 = 2

R1
5

1 ;

v2 1
= ;
v1 5

= 4n 2 n12 R1;

R
v22
n2
= 4n2 n22 R2 = 4n2 1 8R1 = 4n2n12 1 ;
2
R2
200
40
a2
1
=
.
a1 200
v
1 a
1
: 2 = , 2 =
.
v1 5 a1 200
a2 =

StudyPort.ru
:
v2 a2
,
.
v1 a1

111.
:
S , t, d

: , a.

S = vt ; =

: n=

2v 2 2S 2
v
S
= 2 .
=
; a=
d
d dt
t d

S
2S 2
, a= 2 .
ndt
t d

. ,
. .
F . ,
33

 . F1, F2 , F3... , , R .
R = F1 + F2 + F3 + ...

.
. m.
, .
.
.
, , , , . .
, , m
F , a a =

F
.
m

, , A B FBA , B A FAB , FBA = FAB .

.
1. . .
F , x , F x . k . , F = k x
2. . ,
F m1
m2 R . G.

StudyPort.ru
F =G

m1m2
R2

, G = 6,67210 11 2/2. -
G ,
, .
, ,
,
: ,
.
34

 g H
g = G

( R0 + H )2

R0 , M .
g ,
.
, , g9,8 /2.
g.
v0.
gt

y = y0 + v0 tsin
2 ,
x = x0 + v0t cos

x, y , t .
Y . , ..
.
, = 90.
3. . P , . ,
; .

. ,
. , ,
, , .
4. . F , , .. .
. F .
F<F max, . F max
, F max = N, , N
. . F>F
max, .
,
F = F max = N.
112. ) ;
) , .

StudyPort.ru
35

 113. .
114. ,
. ,
, .
115. , - , .
116.
, . ,
.
117. ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) .
118. ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) .
119.
) ; ) ; ) ; ) .
120.
:
.
R2 = 2 R1 .
, m1 a y 2 = m 2 a y 2 ;
a y1 =

v12
= 4 2 2 R1.
R1

ay1 = 4n2n2R2.
m2 ay1 R1 1
=
= = .
m1 ay2 R2 2

:
m2
.
m1

m2 1
= .
m1 2

StudyPort.ru
121.
m
:
. mT a = mna; m = T = 100 = 20 .
n
mT = 100 ;n = 5.
5
: m .
: m = 20 .
122.
.
:
r1 = 2r2

m1 r13 ; m2 r23 = 8r13 .

a2 1
= .
a1 8
,
..
.
: r13a1 = 8r13a2 ;

36

: a2 = 1 .

a2
.
a1

a1

123.
:

.
3

1 = 11,3 10

4 3
4
r 1a1 = r 32 a2 ; 1a1 = 2 a2 ;
3
3

2 = 7 ,8 103 3

a2 1 11,3 103 3
= =
1,45.
a1 2 7 ,8 103 3
a
: 2 1,45.
a1

a2
.
a1

124.
:
v11 = 3 /;
v12 = 1 /;
v21 = 1 /;
v22 = 1 /.

.
v v
v v
1) a1 = 22 11 ; a2 = 22 21 ;
t
t
2) m1a1 + m2a2 = 0;

m2 a1
v v
1 3
=
= 12 11 =
= 1.
m1 a2
v22 v21 1 ( 1 )
3)
.
, .
m
: 2 1.
m1

StudyPort.ru
m2
.
m1

125.
:

m1 = 400 ;m2 = 600

v1 = 3 /;

: v2 .

m1v1 = m2v2 ;

m1
400
= 3
= 2 .
m2
600
: v2 = 2 .
v2 = v1

37

 126.
:
m1 = 60 ;
v11 = 0,3 /;
v12 = 0,2 /;
v2 = 0,4 /;

.
m1 ( v12 v11 ) = m2v2 ;

m2 = m1

v12 v11
0,2 0,3
= 60
= 15
v2
0 ,4

: m2 = 15 .
: m2 .
127.
) ; ; .
.
) ; . .
.
) ; ., .
) ; ; . .
128.
) .
.
) , .
.
) , . ,
.
129.
) . .
) , . .
) . .
) , , . .
130.
) . .
) , . .
) , ,
. ,
.
) , , ,
. .

StudyPort.ru
38

) , ,
. .
) , , ( ,
2 ). .
131.
) ;
) ;
) , ;
) , .
132.
,
,
.
133.

F1

F2

:
F1 = 10 H

.
1) R = F1 + F2 ;

StudyPort.ru
F2 = 14 H

Rmin ,Rmax .

R = F12 + F2 2 2 F1F2cos ( ) =

F12 + F2 2 + 2 F1F2cos .

2)

Rmin =

1 cos 1,

..

F12

+ F2 2F1F2 = ( F2 F1 ) =
2

= F1 F2 = 14 10 = 4 ;

Rmax = F12 + F22 + 2 F1F2 = ( F2 + F1 )2 =

= F1 + F2 = 14 + 10 = 24 ;

F2 F1 R F1 + F2 ;
4 H R 24 H

) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) .
134.

39
F

F
0

 , R = F1 + F2 + F3
.
(1) x : 2 Fcos = F ; ( 2 ) y : Fsin = Fsin
(2) F .
(1) , 2 s = 1; ..
N = 60
, .
135.
F

F
:
F = 200 H;
n = 60o.

F
2

. 1) R = F1 + F2 + F3
2)

x: Rx = Fcos + F + Fcos =

StudyPort.ru

= F (1 + 2cos ) = 200 H 1 + 2 = 400 H;

2

y : R y = Fsin Fsin = 0.

3)

R =

R x 2 + R y 2 = R x = 400 H .

: R = 400 H.

136.
:

. Rx = Fx ; R y = mg Fx ;

R.

Fx = 300 H ;
Fy = 500 H ;
m = 90;

40

R=
=

Rx 2 + Ry 2 =

Fx 2 + ( m g Fy ) =
2

3 0 0 2 H 2 + 9 0 1 0 2 5 0 0 H

= 500 H .

: R = 500 H.

R.

137.
: F1 = 550
.
Rx = F2 F1 = 555 550 = 5 ;
;
Ry = F3 F2 = 162 150 = 12 ;
F2 = 555 ;
F3 = 162 ;
R = Rx 2 + Ry 2 = 52 2 + 12 2 2 = 13 .
F4 = 150 .
: R = 13 .
: R .
y
138.

F
mg

m = 1,6;
F = 12 H ;

. T + F = mg = 0 .
x : F Tsin = 0
Tsin = F
;

y : Tcos mg = 0. Tcos = mg

StudyPort.ru
T =

F 2 + m g 2 = 12 2 2 + 1, 6 2 2 10 2

( )

2 2

= 20 H .

: T = 20 H.
: T
139.
:
. F1 = ma1; m = F1 ; F2 = ma2 ; a2 = F2 ;
m
a1
F1 = 15
F2
60
H;
2
2
a2 =
a =
0 ,5 / = 2 / .
F1 1 15
F2 = 60
H;
1 = 0,5
/2.
:
: a 2 = 2 / 2 .
a2 .

41

 140.
:

. F1 = ma1; m = F1 ;

F1 = 60 ;

a1

a
2 2
F2 = ma 2 = F1 2 = 60
= 150 .
a1
0,8 2

a1 = 0,8 2 ;
a2 = 2 2 .

: F2 = 150 .

:
F2 .

141.
:

.
ma1 = m2 a2 ;

m1 = 4 ;
m 2 = 10 ;

a2 =

a1 = 2 / 2 ;

:
a2 .
142.
:

m1
40
2 2 = 0,8 2 .
a1 =
10
m2

: a 2 = 0,8 2 .
.

F = m0 a0 = ( m0 + m ) a;

m0 = 4 ;

a 0 = 0 ,3 ;

m =

a = 0 ,2 2 ;

0 ,3 2

m0 ( a0 a )
a

= m0 0 1 = 4
1 = 2
2

a
a

0 ,2

.
: m.
: m = 2 .
143.
F = ma, ,
.
144.
:
.

StudyPort.ru
m = 60 = 6 10 4 ;

F = 90 H = 9 10 4 H .

: a.
145.
:
m1 = 2 ;
m2 = 8 ;
F2 = 2 F1.
:
a2
.
a1

42

a=

F 9 10 4
=
= 1,5 / 2 .
m 6 10 4

: a = 1,5 / 2 .

. F1 = m1a1; F2 = m2a2 ; F2 = m2 a2 ;
a2 F2 m1
2 1
=

= 2
= .
a1 F1 m2
8 2

a2 1
= .
a1 2

F1

m1a1

 146.
v
: m = 0,5
. 1 ) a = ;
t
;
t = 0 ,02 ;
v
2) F = ma = m = 0 ,5 10 /c = 250 .
t
0 ,02
v = 10 /.
: F = 250 .
: F .
147.
:
v2
at 2
v
l
=
;
l
=
;
.
1)
v
=
at
;
t
=
;
l = 5 ;
2a
2
a
m = 42,5 ; v 2 = 2al ;
F = 19,6 =
F
F
2) F = ma; a = ; v 2 = 2 l ;
= 1,69 104 .
m
m
v=

: v 68 / .

: v .
148.
:
a1 = 0,4/ 2 ;
a2 = 0,1/2 ;

2 Fl
2 1,96 10 4 5
=
68 / .
m
42 ,5

.
F
m1 = ;
a1

F = m1a1;

1)

F = m2 a2 ;

F
m2 = ;
a2

2) F = ( m1 + m2 ) a = a F + F ; 1 = 1 + 1 ;
a1

a2

a1

a2

aa
0 , 4 /c 2 0 ,1 /c 2
a= 1 2 =
= 0 ,08 / 2 .
a1 + a 2 0 ,4 /c 2 + 0 ,1 /c 2

StudyPort.ru
a.

149.
:

l1 = 40c=0,4;

l2 = 20c=0,2;

m = 200=0,2;

: a = 0 ,08 / 2 .

. 1) ma1 = F ; ( m + m ) a2 = F ;

a1 2
a
l
a
t ; l2 = 2 t 2 ; 1 = 1 ;
2
2
l2 a 2
a1
m l1 m l1
m
a
3)
=1+
= ;
1 = 1;
= 1;
a2
m
l2
m + m a2
m
l2

2) l1 =

m=

: m.
150.
:
m = 2;

m
0 ,2
= 0 ,4
= 0 ,2 .
1 0 ,2 1

l1
l2

: m = 0,2 .
.

1)

43

0 5, 5 10 ,10 20

Fx .

ax =

vx
.
t

10 0
= 2 2 ;
5 0
10 10
= 0;
5 10 c : a x =
10 5
0 10
10 20 c : a x =
= 1 / 2 ;
20 10
2) .. Fx = max , : 0 5c : Fx = 2 2 = 4 H ;
0 5 c : ax =

5 10c : Fx = 2 0 = 0; 10 20c : Fx = 2 ( 1) = 2 H .

151. , (, ). 8 .
152. , , .
153. ,
.
154. ,
, .. . , .
155. .
156. .
157.
:
.
g = 10/;
F1 = F2 ;

StudyPort.ru
V = 0 , 2 3 =
= 2 10

44

F1 = gV = 10 /c 2 103 / 3 2 10 4 3 = 2 H;

= 10 3 / 3 .

F1 = 4 H + ( 2 H ) = 2 H; F2 = 8 H + 2 H = 10 H.

: F1 ,F2 .

: F1 = 2 H, F2 = 10 H.

 158.
:
3

.
1) F1 = F2

m
2) F1 = gV = g
= gm .

= 10 / ;
m = 54=5,4
10-2;
3

= 2,710 /

3) m g = F 2 + F1 = 2 g m ;

m = 2

10 /c
m = 2
5 , 4 10 2 = 4 10 2

2 , 7 10 3 /c 2

: m = 4 102 .

: m.
159.
:
-2

l1 = 2c=210 ;
F1 = 20 H ;
-2

l2 = 6=610 ;

F2 = k l2 = F1
k=

k=

F1
;
l1

l2
;
l1

20 H
2 102

F2 = 20

: k , F2 .

F1 = k l1;

= 103

H
;

6 102

= 60 .
2 102
H
: k = 10 3 , F2 = 60 .

160.
:

StudyPort.ru
l1 = 1 = 10

k = 100 H/ = 105 H/.

: F .

161.
: g = 10/ 2 ;

k = 0 ,5H/=5102 /;
m = 200=0,2.

: l.

F = k l = 105 H/ 103 = 100 .

: F = 100 .

. k l = mg ;
l =

mg 0,2 10 / 2
=
= 4 103 =4.
2
k
5 10 /

: l = 4.

45

 162.
:

. 1) k1 =

l10 = 360=0,36;
l1 = 230 =0,23;

3,3 104

F1 = 4,35H = 4,35 103 H ;

l20 = 442=0,442;

k2 =

2)

l2 = 273 =0,273;
F2 = 4, 4H = 4 ,4 103 H;

F1
4 ,35 103
=

l10 l1 0 ,36 0 ,23

H
= 33/;

F2
4,4 103
=

l20 l2 0,442 0 ,273

H
= 26/.

: k1 33 / , k2 26/.
2 ,6 104

: k1, k2 .
163.
: l1 = 5;

. k2l2 = k1l1;

l2 = 1;

k2 = k1

k1 = 100H/;

l1
5
= 100/
= 500/.
l2
1

: k2 = 500/.
: k2 .
164.
, 2 1
F.
.. k1 =

F
,
x2

k2 =

F
,
x2

k2 x1 1
=
= .
k1 x2 2

165.

, l = 1,4-1=0,4. k =

F
4
=
= 10H/.
l 0 , 4

StudyPort.ru
166.
F l, -

.. k =

46

F
,
l

k' =

l
2

l
.
2

2F
= 2k.
l

 167.
:
k1 , k 2 .

F = k1l1 = k2l2 = k ( l1 + l2 ) ;

k1 =
k=

F
F
; k2 =
;
l1
l2

F
1 l1
;
=
;
l1 + l2 k1 F

1 l2
=
;
k2
F

1 l1 + l2
l l
1 1
kk
=
= 1+ 2 = + ; k= 1 2 .
k
F
F
F
k1 k2
k1 + k2

: k =

k.

168.
:

k1k2
.
k1 + k2

. k l = ma;

k = 100H/,

l =

a = 0,5/ ;

ma 2 103 0 ,5
=
= 102 =1 .
k
105

m = 2 = 2 103

: l.
168.
:

: l = 1.
.
3

m1 = 8 = 8 10 ;

F =G

m1m2

m2 = 20 = 2 10

R2

2 8 103 2 104

StudyPort.ru
R = 100;

6,67 1011

1002 2

1,07 106 H

: F .

: F 1,07 10 6 H.

170.
:

.
..
m = 10000T = G = 1010 H 2 / 2 .
r = 100 = 102

= 107 ;

: F .

F G

m2
r2

= 10 10

( )
(10 )

2 10 7

: F 1 H.

2 2

= 1 H.

47

 171.
:
M 3 = 6 10 ;
M = 7 ,4 1022 ;

= 6,67 1011

R = 3,8 10 ;

: F .
172.
:

R2

6 1024 7 ,4 1022

3,8 108

2 1020 H.

: F 2 10 20 H.
. F = G

R1 = 2 R;
R2 = 5 R;

F2 = G

:
F1
,
F

M 3M

. F = G

24

mM
R2

173.
:

mM
36 R

. F = G

F
F1 =
;
100
R2 = 640;

mM
r2

R
2

; F1 = G

mM
R12

F1 1
= ;
F 4

=G

mM
4R2

F2 1
= .
F 36

F1 1 F2
1
= ,
= .
F 4 F 36

F2
.
F

=G

mM

=G

mM
R32

mM
100 R32

; F1 = G

mM
r2

F
;
100

; r 2 = 100 R32 ;

r = 10 R3 = 6400 10 = 64000 .
.
: r = 64000 .

StudyPort.ru
: r.
174.
:

. G

l = 60 R3 ;

M 3 = 81

M 3m
r

=G

M m

(l r )

; M r 2 = M (l r ) ;
2

r = 81(l r ) ; r = 81l + 81r 2 162lr ;

2

80r 2 162lr + 81l 2 = 0; r1 = 0,9l ;

r2 = 1,125l > l.

r2 ,
, .
r = 0,9l = 0,9 60R3 = 54R3.

:
r.

48

.
: r = 54 R3 .

 175.
:

F2

(m + )
=G
R

m m
2 2
2

3
4

: F2 = F1.

176.
:

. g = G

g = 9,8/
R=

R3
;
2

g = G

( R + R3 )

m2
R2

3 m2 3
G
= F1 .
4 R2 4

:
F2 .

g.

F1 = G

F1;

M
R32

=G

( )

2
3
R
2

4 M 4
= G 2 = g 4 ,36 / 2 .
9 R
9

: g 4 ,36 /2 .

177.
:

. M =

g = 3,72/ ;
R = 2420 = 2 ,42 106

: M .

gR 2
M
= g =G 2;
G
R

3,72 / 2 2 , 42 106

2
6 ,67 10 11 2

3, 271023 .

: M 3,2 10 23 .

StudyPort.ru
178.
:

g3 = 9 ,8/ ;

R = 0 ,53R3 ;

M = 0 ,11 3 ;

. g3 = G
g = G

:
g.

0,11

( 0,53)

=G

R3

; g = G

0,11M 3

( 0,53R3 )

R 2

0 ,11

( 0,53)

M3

R32

g 0,4 g = 3,92 /c2 .

: g 3,92/2 .

49

 179.
:

R1 = 328R ; M1 = 50 ;

g1 = G

R2 = 0,016Rc ; M 2 = 0,31M c ;

M1

R12

g2 = G

M2

R2

50
3282

gc 0,00046 gc ;

0,31
0,016 2

g c 1200 g c .

: g1 0,00046 gc , g 2 1200 g c .

: g1, g 2 .
180.
:

M =

= 5200 / ;
R = 6100 =

g =G

= 6,1 106;

M
R

4
4
GR 3,14
3
3

6 ,67 1011

: g .

4 3
R ;
3

2
2

5,2 103 /3 6 ,1 106 8,9 / 2

: g 8,9 / 2 .

181.
:

.
F = mg = 750 9,8 / 2 = 7350 H.

m = 750 ;
g = 9,8/2 ;

F = mg = 750 1,6 / 2 = 1200H.

g = 1,6/ ;

: F = 7350 H, F = 1200H.

:
F , F .

StudyPort.ru
182.
: m = 80 ;
2

g = 0,1 c/ = 10 /

: F .
183.
:

.
F = mg = 10 3 / 2 80 = 8 10 2 H.

: F = 8 102 H.

m = 90 = 9 10 ;

g1 = 9 ,77 / 2 ;

.
F = m(g1 g 0 ) = 9 10 4

g 0 = 9 ,81 / ;

: F .

50

9,81 / 2 9,77 / 2 = 3,6 10 3 H = 3600

: F = 3600 H.

 184.
: a = 20 /2;
g = 10 /2 ; m = 80

.
P = m(a + g ) = 80 20 / 2 + 10 / 2 = 2400 H

: P = 2400 H.

: P.
185.
:

. 1) a = ; 2) P1 = m ( g + a ) = m g + ;
t
t

v = 7 /;
t = 15 c;
m = 80 ;

v
7 /
P1 = P1 mg = m = 80
37,3 H;
t
15

3) P2 = m ( g a ) = m g v ;

v
7 /
P2 = P2 mg = m = 80
37,3 H.
t
15
: P1 37,3 H; P2 37,3 H.

:
P1, P2 .

186.

1) P1 = m ( g + a1 ) = 2mg ; a1 = g ; 2) P2 = m ( g a2 ) =
187.
:
m = 70 ;
2

mg
g
; a2 = .
2
2

.
P = m(g + a ) = 70 8,38 / 2 + 1,62 / 2 = 700 H

a = 8,38 / ;

StudyPort.ru
g = 1,62 / 2 ;

: P.
188.

: P = 700 H.

a
g

a
A
g
51

m = 40 ;
R1 = 20 ;
R2 = 10 ;

v1 = 10 /;
v2 = 5 /.

1)

v2
P1 = m ( g + a ) = m g + 1 =

R1

(10 / )2 = 600 H.
= 40 10 / 2 +

20

v2 2
2) P2 = m ( g + a ) = m g
=

R2

( 5 / )2 = 300 H.
= 40 10 /2

10

: P1 = 600 H, P2 = 300 H.

: P1, P2 .
189.
:

F1 = 1 H = 106 H;

.
4 F + F2 4 10 6 + 0,94 10 6
g = 1
=

m
3 10 5

F2 = 940 H = 0,94 106 H

16,5 / 2 .

m = 300 = 3 105 ;

: g .
190.
: t = 1 ;

: a 16,5 / 2 .

v2 = 10 /.

.
v 2 v1 50 / 10 /
g =
=
= 40 / 2 .
t
1

: g .

: g = 40 / 2 .

191.
:

v1 = 50 /;

StudyPort.ru
R = 800 ;

v = 200 /.

: g .

52

g =

(200 / )2 = 5 0 / 2 .
v2
=
R
800

: g = 5 0 / 2 .

 192. , , , , .
193. ).
194.
:
mM
mM
;
. F = G 2 ; F1 = G
2
R = 327 =

= 3,27 10 ;
6

( R + R )

R = 6,4 10

F F1
=
F

mM
G 2
R

G
G

mM

R + R

mM
R 2

R
1
=1
=1
R
R + R
1+ R

R 2

R + R

R 2
2

1
0 ,09
=1
5
1 + 3,2710

6 ,4106

9%.
, .. .
:
F F1
.
F

F F1
0 ,09.
F

195. , .
196. , .. , ,
.
197. .. ,
.
198.
: R =
v2
. g = ; v = gR = 40 / 2 10 = 20
40 ;
R
g = 10 /. /.

StudyPort.ru
v.
: v = 20 /.
199.
,
1,5 .
S=

gt 2
; t=
2

2S
2 1,5
2
=
0,5 . v = gt = 10 / 0,5 = 5 /.
g
10 / 2

53

 200. : 16.
S = 165 = 80 . 5 . t = (5 1)0,1 = 0,4 .
S=

gt 2
;
2

g=

2S
t

201.
:
t2 = 2t1.

28

( 0 ,4 )

= 10 /2.

S1 =

1)

gt12
gt 2
; S2 = 2 ;
2
2

S 2 t22 ( 2t1 )
= = 2 =4.
S1 t12
t1
2

2) v1 = gt1; v2 = gt2;
:

S2 v2
,
S1 v1

202.
:
= 57,5 .

v2 gt2 2t1
= 2.
=
=
v1 gt1
t1

S2
v
= 4 , 2 = 2.
S1
v1

. 1) H =

2H
gt 2
=
; t=
2
g

2 57 ,5
10 /2

3,4

;
2) v = gt = 2Hg = 2 57,5 10 / 2 34 /.
: t, v.
: t 3,4 , v 34 /.
203.
:
2 H1
gt 2
; v = gt1 = 2 gH1 ;
. 1) H1 = 1 ; t1 =
1 = 5 ;
2
g
2 = 2 .
H
5
v2 2gH g
2) v=at; H2 = = 1 = H1; a = g 1 =10 /2 = 25

StudyPort.ru
2a

2a

/2;

t=

:
t, a.

54

H2

2
2 gH1 H 2
v
2
=0,
=
= H2
= 2
10 / 2 5
a
g
H1
gH1

4 .
: = 25 /2, t = 0,4 c.

204.
:
= 1 ;
h = 80

gt 2
2h
;
; t=
2
g
2h

v0 = g( t ) = g
= 2 gh g .
g

h=

g 2
g 2
= 2 gh
= 2 gh g =
2
2
2

10
/
1

= 35 .
= 1 c 2 10 / 2 80

: l = 35 .
l = v0 +

l.

:
205.
:
= 2 ;
l = 60 .

. 1) l = v0 +
2) v0 = gt / ; t / =
3) t = t / + =

g 2
1
l g
; v0 = (l g 2 2) = ;

2
2

v0

l
=
;
g g 2

l
l
60
2
+
= 4
+= + =
g 2
g 2 10 /2 2 2

.
t.

:
206.
:
= 1 ;
N.

: t = 4 .
. v0 = (N 1) g;

StudyPort.ru
S.

t.

g 2
g 2
1
= (n 1) g 2 +
= n g 2 ;
2
2
2

1
: S = (n ) g 2 .
2

S = v0 +

207.
:
0 = 20 ;
= 1 .

. 1) 0 = 0 v0

: v0;

: v0 = 15 /, t = 1 .

g 2
;
2

10 /2 (1 )
g
1
1
v0 = ( y0 ) = (20
) = 15 /;

2
1c
2
2 y0
2 20
2) t =
=
1 c = 1 .
g
10 / 2
2

55

 208.
.
:
gt 2
gt 2
gt 2 gt 2
1) h1 =
; h2 = v0t +
; h2 h1 = v0t +

= v0t .
h1;
2
2
2
2
h2.
h h
gt 2
2h1
g
.
; t=
; v0 = ( h2 h1 )
v0 = 2 1 ; 2) h1 =
2
2h1
g
t
g
.
: v0 = ( h2 h1 )
v0.
2h1

209.
:
t = 60 .

gt
g
10 / 2
. h = = t 2 =
(6 )2 = 45
2 2
8
8

;
1
t
= 10 / 2 60 = 30 /.
2
2
: v0 = 30 /, h = 45 .
v0 = g

h.

: v0,
210.
:
v

gt 2
=

h
vt

v 2 gv 2 v 2
2

=> h = 2 =
g 2g
2g
0 = v gt <=> t = v
g

h
g
=> = = 6.

StudyPort.ru
h

: h = 6.

h
?
h

211.
:
h2 = 4h1.

56

.
h1 =

v2
.
v1

v12
v2 h v2 v
h
; h2 = 2 ; 1 = 12 ; 2 = 1 = 2.
2g
2 g h2 v2
v1
h2

v2
=2
v1

 212.
:
v0 = 2 /;
t1 = 1 c;
t2 = 5 .

.
1) x1 = v0t

gt 2
gt 2
; x2 = v0t
;
2
2

2)
r (t ) = x1 x 2 = v0 t

gt 2
gt 2
+ v0 t +
= 2v0 t .
2
2

3) r(t1) = 22 /1 = 4
4) r(t2) = 22 /5 = 20 .
: r(t) = 2v0t, r(t1) = 4 , r(t2) = 20 .

: r(t), r(t1);
r(t2).
213.
:
v2
v2
. h1 = 1 ; h2 = 2 ;
v2 = 1,5v1.
2g
2g

h2 v22
=
= 1,52
h1 v12

2,25.
h
: 2
h1

h2
= 2,25.
h1

214.
:
v0 = 800
/;
t = 6 .

.
1) v = v0 gt = 800 / 10/26 = 740 /;
2)
2
gt 2
10 / 2 ( 6 )
= 800 / 6
h = v0 t
= 4620 .
2
2
- .
: h,
: v = 740 /, h = 4620 .

StudyPort.ru
v.

215.
:
v0 = 30 /;
v1 = 10 /.

.
v 2 v 2 (30 / )2 (10 / )2
= 40 .
1) h = 0 1 =
2g
2 10 / 2
2) v1 = v0 gt1; t1 =
v1 = v0 gt2 ; t2 =

t2.

: h, t1,

v0 v1 30 / 10 /
= 2 ;
=
g
10 /2

v0 + v1 30 / + 10 /
= 4 .
=
g
10 /2

: h = 40 , t1 = 2 , t2 = 4 .
57

 216().
:
v2 = 3v

gt 2
h = vt

v 2 gv 2 v 2
2

=> h = 2 =
g 2g
2g
0 = v gt <=> t = v
g

:
h1
?
h2

2
=> h1 = v2 = 9.
2

h2

v1
h
: 1 = 9.
h2

217.
:
v0 = 20
/.

.
1) y (t ) = v0t

gt 2
= 20t 5t 2 ;
2

2)
v0 + v02 2 gh
v v02 2gh
gt 2
; t2 =
v0t + h = 0; t1 = 0
;
2
g
g

3)

15

20/ (20/) 2 10/ 15

=
10
=1 ;
2

t1 =

StudyPort.ru
t2 =

58

20 / +

(20 / )2 2 10 / 2 15
10

= 3 .

(t)

t1 =

20 /

(20 /)

20

2 10 / 20

10

=2
t2 =

20 / +

(20 / )2 2 10 / 2 20

= 2 .
10
, h = 20
.
, h = 25 .

h
=
25

v02 2 gh = (20 / )2 2 10 / 2 25 = 100<0,

.

218.
.
:
1) .
0 = 25 ;
v0 = 20
gt 2
y
(
t
)
=
v
t

= 20t 5t 2
1
0
/.
2

2)
g
2

. y2 (t ) = y0 + v0t t 2 = 25 + 20t 5t 2
3) 2(t) = 0, ..
25 + 20t 5t2 = 0;
t2 4t 5 = 0; t1 =2 3 = 1 c; t2 = 2 + 3 = 5

StudyPort.ru
c.

:
1(t), y2(t),

219.
:
v = 10 /
=45

.. t1<0, = t2 = 5 .
: y1(t ) = 20t 5t 2 , y2 (t ) = 25 + 20t 5t 2 , = 5 .

.
45 , .
vx = v
v y = gt
=> v = gt <=> t =

: t - ?

v
= 1c.
g

: t = 1.
59

 220.
:
v1 = 2 /;
v2 = 4 /;
0,1 ;
l = 10 =
.
: r.
221.
:
h = 20
;
S = 6 .

.
r = l + v1t + v2t = 0,1 + 0,1 2 / + 0,1 4

t = =
= 0,7 = 70 .
0,1

: r = 70 .
.
1) h =

gt 2
;
2

t=

2h
2 20
= 2 ;
=
g
10

10 / 2
S
g
= 3 /.
=S
= 6
t
2h
2 20
: t = 2 , v0 = 3 /.

2) v0 =

:
t, v0.
222.
, .
223.
:
gt 2
2h1
2h1
;
. 1) h1 = 1 ; t1 =
; S = v1t1 = v1
1
h2 =

h1

2) S = v 2

2 h2
g

StudyPort.ru
3)

2 h2
v
g

= 1; 2 =
2h1
g
v1

v2
v1

v2
v1

224.
:
= 1 ;
h = 64
=
= 0,64
.

v2
1,41.
v1

. 1) H =
2) h =

v02
; v0 = 2 gH ;
2g

gt 2
2h
;
; t=
2
g

3) S = v0t = 2 gH
.
60

h1
= 2 1,41.
h2

2h
= 2 hH = 2 1 0,64 = 1,6
g

 S.
225.
:
h = 5 ;
v0 = 6
/.

: S = 1,6 .
.
g
2

1) h = t 2 ; t =

2h
;
g

2) vx = v0 ; v y = gt = 2 gh ;
v = vx2 + v 2y = v02 + 2 gh =
=

( 6 / )2 + 2 10 /2 5 11,7 /;

tg =

vx
=
vy

v0

2 gh

6 /

= 0,6. =

2 10 / 2 5

= arctg0,6.
:
v; .
226.
:
v = 10
/.

: v 11,7 /, = arctg0,6.
.
h=

2v
2v 2 2 (10 / )
gt 2
= vt ; t = ; h =
=
2
g
g
10 /2

= 20 .

: h = 20 .

h.
227.
:
v = 10
/;
0 = 20
.

.
1) x(t) = v0t = 10t;

StudyPort.ru
2) y (t ) = y0

gt 2
= 20 5t 2 ;
2

t=

3)

x
;
v0

y (x) = y0

2
g x
10 x
x2
;
= 20 = 20
2 v0
2 10
20

4) 0 = y0

2 y0
gt2
2 20
; t =
=
= 2 ;
2
g
10 / 2

5) S = v0 t = 10 / 2 = 20 .
:
x(t); y(t), t,
S, y(x).

: x(t) = 10t, y (t ) = 20 5t 2 , t = 2 , S = 20 ,
y (x) = 20

x2
.
20

61

 228.
:
T = 12 .

.
1) h =

v02sin 2
2g
t
2

t
2

v02sin 2 = g 2

2) 0 = v0sin g ; v0sin = g ;

t2
;
4

t 2 g 2 gt 2 10 / 2 (12 )2
=
=
= 180 .
4 2g
8
8
: h = 180 .

3) h =
h.
229.
:
v = 20 /;
= 50.

.
1) vsin

2vsin 2 2 20 / sin50o
gt
= 0; t =
=

2
g
10 /2

3 ;

20 / sin50o
v 2sin 2
2) h =
=
2g
2 10 /2

3) S = vcost = v
=

: t, h,

12 .

2vsin
v 2sin2
=
cos =
g
g

( 20 / )2 sin ( 2 50o )
10 / 2

40 .

:
t 3 c, h 12 , S 40 .

StudyPort.ru
S.

230.
:
h, v0,
:
H, t, S, v.

1) v = v0;
H=

v02sin
;
2g
t
2

3) g = v0sin; t =

sin
;
g

4) S = v0cost

H,
t, c
s,
62

1
31,8
4,5
87,6

2
35,2
4,8
84,8

3
28,5
4,2
88,3

4
12,7
1,6
44,1

5
19,1
4
76,5

6
51
6
0

v, /c

31,6

231.
:
= 45

31,6

31,6

31,6

S.
232().
:
= 30
v = 140 /

31,6

.
h=

v02sin 2
; S = v0cos t ;
2g

2v sin
2v 2sincos
t= 0
; S= 0
.
g
g

27,4

.. = 45, cos = siN, S = 4h.

:
S = 4h.
.
vx = v cos = 121,1 /
v y = v sin = 70 /
0 = v sin gt' <=> t' =

t v sin
=
= 7c => t = 14c.
2
g

s = v cos t = 1697 .

vx, vy, t, s - ?

:
vx =121,1/,
vy =70/,
t =14,
s =1697.

StudyPort.ru
63

233.
:
v1 = v2 =
= v3 = v4 =

.
gt 2
;
2

1) 1 = 0; 1 = vt
2) x2 = vt ; y2 =

gt 2
; 3) x3 = 0;
2

4) x4 = vt; y4 =

y3 = vt

gt 2
;
2

gt 2
;
2

5) r12 (t ) = ( x2 x1 )2 + ( y2 y1 )2 =

gt 2 gt 2
= (vt)2 vt
+
= 2vt ;

2
2

r23 (t ) =

( x3 x2 )2 + ( y3 y1 )2 =
2

gt 2 gt 2
= (vt ) + vt
+
= 2vt .

2
2

r12 = r23 = r34 = r41 =

.
6) r23 (t ) = y3 y1 = vt

2vt . ,

gt 2
gt 2
vt +
= 2vt ;
2
2

r24 (t ) = x4 x2 = vt vt = 2vt .

StudyPort.ru
r24 = r13 , .

, ,
.
: .

234.

S
64

:
.
0 = 20 ;
gt 2
1
y ( t ) = y0 + v0sin t
= 20 + 10 t 5t 2 =
= 30;
2
2
v0 = 10
3
/.
= 20 + 5t 5t 2 ; x(t ) = v0cos t = 10 t 8,7t ;

1)

2
x
5x 5x2

20 + 0,57 x 0,066 x 2 ;
2) t = ; y = 20 +
8 ,7
8 ,7 8 ,7 2

3) (2) = 8,72 = 17,4 ; (2) = 20 + 52522 = 10

;
,

4) () = 0; 52 + 5 + 20 = 0; 1 1,6 ; 2 2,6

.. 1<0, = 2 = 2,6
5) S = () = 8,72,6 22,6 .
:
: x(t) 8,7t; y(t) = 20 + 5t5t2, x(y) 20 +
x(t); y(t), x(y), 0,57x
x(2), y(2), , 0,066x2,
S.
x(2) = 17,4 , y(2) =10 , = 2,6 , S 22,6 .
235.
, , .
: cos =
sin =

( 3 )

+ ( 4 )

3
;
5

4
.
5

StudyPort.ru
( 3 )

+ ( 4 )

. 24.
S = 245 = 120 = 1,2 .
S=

2v02sincos
. v0 =
g

gS
10 / 2 1,2
=
3,5 /.
3 4
2sincos
2
5 5

S
1,2
=
0,57 .
t =
v0cos 3,5 / 0 ,6

. 11. t =
236.
:
, R.

0,57
= 0,057 .
10

65

: g,

1) g = G

v.

2) g =

R2

v2
; v = gR .
R

g, /c2
3,7
8,8
3,8
24,9
10,4
10,2
14,1

237.
:
= 6,01024
;
R = 3,8108 .

v.
238.
:
= 61024
;
R = 6400
=
= 6,4106 ;
R = 600
=
= 0,6106 .

v, /c
3
7,3
3,6
42,2
25,1
15,6
17,6

.
2

6,67 1011 2 6 1024

GM
M v2

G 2 = ; v =
=

R
R R
3,8 108

1000 /.
: v = 1000 /.
. G
6,67 1011

( R + R )

2
2

v2
; v=
( R + R )

6 1024

GM
=
(R + R )

StudyPort.ru
=

( 6,4 10

+ 0,6 10

7,610 /.

2 (R + R )
2 (R + R )
;T=

T
v
2 3,14 6,4 10 6 + 0,6 10 6

5,6 103 = 93
7,6 10 3 /
.
: v, .
: v 7,6103 /, 93 .

66

v=

 239.
:
R = 9400

v2
M
M
=G 2; v= G ;
R
R
R

=
= 9,4106 ;
= 7 40

=
=
2,76104 .

2R
R
= 2R
;
v
GM

T=

M =
=

4 2 R 3
T 2G

T 2 = 4 2 R3

4 3,14 2 9 , 4 106

( 2,76 10 )
4

1
;
GM

2
6 ,67 10 11 2

6 ,5 10 23 .

: .
: 6,51023 .
240.
:
.
R1 = 21600
v12
M
GM
;
; v12 =
=G
;
2
( R1 + R )
( R1 + R )
R1 + R )
(
R2 = 600 ;
R = 6400
2) v 22 = GM ;
(R 2 + R )
.

1)

2
3) v22 = R1 + R ; v2 = R1 + R =

R2 + R

v1

v1

R2 + R

6400 + 600
1
= .
21600 + 6400 2

StudyPort.ru
:

241.
:

0,815.

:
v
v

v2
.
v1

v2 1
= .
v1 2

v ~ M ;

v
=
v

M
=
M

v ~ M ;

0 ,815 0,903.

v
0,903.
v

67

 242().
.
: v =
1/
mv 2
mM
v 2r
= F = G 2 <=> M =
= 6 10 24 .
5
r = 3,910
2
r
G

: M : M =61024 .
?
243
:
. , 1 = 88
4 2 R13
4 2 R23
239: T12 =
.
; T22 =
=
GM
GM
=5289 ;
2
2
R1 = 3 GMT 1 ; R2 = 3 GMT2 .
2 = 91
2
2
4
4
= =5460 .
GM 2 / 3
R = R2 R1 = 3 2 T2 T12 / 3
4

6 ,67 1011

( 5460 )

2
2

6,0 1022

4 3,14
2/ 3

( 5280 )

2/ 3

)>0.

, , , , .. v = v 2 v1 < 0 .
: R > 0, v < 0.
244. - .
245. .
) ; ) ; ) ; )
; ) .
246. , ,
, .
247.
:
.
mamax = mg; amax = g = 0,310 /2 = 3 /2.
= 0,3.
:
: amax = 3 /2.
max.

StudyPort.ru
68

248.
:
m0 = 180

.
Fc = 2mg; F = 1m0g; F = Fc; 1m0g = 2mg;

0,2
m = 1 m0 =
180 = 600 0 .
1 = 0,2;
2
0 , 006
2
=
0,006.
m.
: m = 6000 .
249.
:
.
0,6
m = 200 = 0,2
F = mg; = F =
= 0,3 .
;
mg 0,2 10 / 2
F = 0,6 .
.
: = 0,3.
250.
:
.
F = 0,5 =
F = mg; m = F = 500 = 500 .
=500 ; =
g 0,1 10 / 2
0,1.
m.
: = 500 .
251.
:
.
m = 23 = 2,3104
2,3 10 3
F
F
=

mg
;
=

=
=
;
mg 2,3 10 3 10 / 2
F = 2,3
0,01.
=2,3103 .
:
: = 0,01.
252.
:
. 1) ( F1 + mg ) = F ;
m = 50 = 0,05
F + mg 1,5 + 0,05 10 / 2
;
= 10 .
F= 1
=

0,2
F1 = 1,5 ;
= 0,2.
2) ( F2 mg ) = F = F1 + mg ;

StudyPort.ru
: F2, F.

F2 = F1 + 2mg = 1,5 + 2 0,05 10 / 2

2,5 .
: F2 = 2,5 , F = 10 .

69

 253.
.
: m1 = m1 =
m=
F = 3mg = 30,31 10 /2 = 9 .
= 1 ; = 0,3.
m.
: F = 9 .
254.
:
.
m = 2 ;
mg 0,3 2 10 /2 =0,06 .
mg
=
k

l
;

l
=
=
k = 100
k
100 /
/;
= 0,3.
: l.
: l = 0,06 .
255. , , .. , .
256. , ..
.
, .. .
257. .. .
258. .. .
259. .. .
260.
.
:
2
v1 = 72
F v +v
2
2
F1 = k ( v1 v2 ) ; F2 = k ( v1 + v2 ) ; 2 = 1 2 =
/ =
F1 v1 v2
= 20 /;
2
v2 = 15
= 20 / +15 / = 49.
20 / 15 /
/.
F
:
: 2 = 49.
F2
F1
.

StudyPort.ru
F1

261.
:
m = 50
;
S = 20
;
t = 10 .
:
F, .

70

.
1) ma = mg; a = g.
2)

S =

at 2 g 2
2S
2 20
=
t ; = 2 =
2
2
2
gt
10 / 2 (10 )

3) F = mg = 0,04 50 10 / 2 = 20 .
: F = 20 , = 0,04.

= 0,04.

 262.
:
v0 = 12
/;
= 0,4.

.
1) a = g;
2) 0 = v0at = v0gt; t =

v0
1 /
= 3 .
=
g 0,4 10 / 2

t.
: t = 3 .
263.
:
. 1) a = g;
vmax = 30
v2
v2
2) l = 0 = 0 ; v0 = 2lg =
/
2a 2g
8,3 /;
= 2 12 0,6 10 /2 =
l = 12 ;
= 0,6.
= 12 /. v0>vmax, .
: v0.
: v0 = 12 /.
264. ,

, , , .
,
, - .
= 0,3, ,
, :
amin = g = 0,310 /2 = 3 /2.
, , ..
.
265.
.
:
1 = 1,6 /2;
2
2 = 2 /2.
1) a1 = min g ; min = a1 = 1,6 / =

StudyPort.ru
g

10 /2

= 0,16;

2) a2 = max g ; max =

:
max.

a2 2 /2
=
=
g 10 /2

= 0,2.
3) ,
0,160,2.
: min = 0,16, max = 0,2.
min;

71

 266. , .. , , . ,
, , . , ,
, , ;
.
267.
2
:
. 1) 1mg=m v1 ; v1= 1gR = 0,410/2 16 =
R = 16
R
,
8/.
=
1
v2
1
0,4,
2) 2mg = m 2 ; v2 = 2 gR = 0,4 10 /2 16 = 4
R
4
=
2
/.
1
1.
v
4
3) 2 = 2 = 1 = 1 .
v1
1
4
2

v
1
: v1 = 8 /, v2 = 4 /, 2 = .
v2
2
v1
v1, v2,
.
v1
268.
.
:
v = 36 / =
v2
(10 / )2 = 40 .
v2

mg
=
m
;R=
=
10 /, = 0,25.
g 0,25 10 / 2
R
R.
: R = 40 .
269.
.
:
= 78 /
v2

g
=
; v = 2rmax; g = 422rmax; =
=
rmax
= 1,3 /,
1
rmax = 7 =
4 3,142 (1,3 ) 2 0 ,07
4 2 2 rmax
c
0,47.
=

= 0,07 .
2

StudyPort.ru
g

72

: 0,47.

10 /

 270.
:
m = 400 = 0,4
,
F1 = 1H,
F2 = 2H.

.
1) 0 = F1 mg; =

F1
mg

2) ma = F2 mg
1
1
a=
(F2 F1) =
(2 1 ) = 2,5
m
0,4
/2.
: a = 2,5 /2.

.
271.
:m = 15 =
.
ma = F mg; F = m(a + g) =
=1,5104 ,
= 1,5104 (0,7 /2 + 0,0310 /2) = 1,5104
= 0,7 /2, =
0,03.
H=
= 15 .
F.
: F = 15 .
272.
.
: F = 650
=
F
6,5 10 5
5
ma
=
F

mg
;
a
=

g
=
=6,510 ,
m
3,25 10 6
m = 3250 =

= 3,25106 ,
0,00510 /2 = 0,15 /2.
= 0,005.
.
: a = 0,15 /2.
273.
:
v
. 1) =
m = 1 = 103
t
,

v
2) ma = F mg; F = m(a + g) = m + g =
v = 30 /,
t

t = 20 c,

30 /
= 0,05.
= 103
+ 0,05 10 / 2 = 2103 H = 2

20

F.
: F = 2 .
274.
:
. ma = F mg
= 0,1 /2,
3 105
F
m
=
=2106
=
= 0,005,
2
2

a
+
g
0
,
1
/
+
0
,
005

10
/
F = 300 = 3105
= = 2000 .
.

StudyPort.ru
73

 m.
275.
:
k = 0,11,
= 0,06.

: m = 2000 .

.
1) F = kmg
2) ma = F mg = kmg mg
a = kg g = (k )g = (0,11 0,06)10 /2 = 0,5
2
/ .
.
: a = 0,5 /2.
276.
1) |v| = 10 / 0 / = 10 /
v 10 /
=
= 0,125 /;
t = 120 40 = 80 c; a =
t
80
a
= = 0,0125
g
2) B F = mg = 0,01254000 10 /2 = 500 H
3) OB |v| = 10 / 0 / = 10 /
v 10 /
= 0,5 /2
t = 20 c 0 c = 20 c; a =
=
20
t
F = m(a + g) = 4000 (0,5 /2 + 0,012510 /2) = 2500 H
277.
. ma = T mg
:
= 15
1,5 10 4
T
a=
g=
10 /2 = 20 /2.
=
m
500
=1,5104
,
m = 500
.
.
: a = 20 /2.
278.
:
.
m = 1 = 103
ma = T mg; T = m(a + g) = 103 (25 /2 +
,
+ 10 /2) = 3,5104 H.
2
= 25 / .
.
: T = 3,5104 .

StudyPort.ru
74

 279.
:
h = 10

. 1) ma = mg Fc
v2
v2
v2
2) h =
;a=
; 3) m
= mg Fc;
2a
2h
2h
2

v 2
10 / 2 (13 / )
Fc = m g
=
65

2 10
2h

,
m = 65

,
v = 13
/.

100

H.
: Fc 100 .

Fc.
280.
:
h = 25
,
t = 2,5 c.

.
1) F = mg; 2) ma = mg Fc; Fc = m(g a)
2h
at 2
2h

3) h =
; a = 2 ; Fc = m g 2
2
t
t

Fc

4)
1

F
2 25

10/2 (2,5 /)2

2h
m g 2
2h
t

=1 2 =
mg
gt

= 0,2 .

F
: c = 0,2.
Fc
F
.
F
281.
:
.
m
m, k, a, 1,
ma = mg + 2Vg + kx; V =
2.
1

StudyPort.ru
x=

x.

m
1
2
2
ma + mg mg = a + g g .
1
1
k
k

: x =

m
a + g 2 g .
k
1

282.

x
y
m

75

:
.
1) .
l = 13 ,
:
h = 5 ,
m = 26 , 0 = N + F1 + mg .
= 0,5.
:
y: 0 = N mgs; x: 0 = F1 F mgsin
: F = N;
h
; cos =
l
:

sin =

l 2 h2
.
l

N = mgcos

F1 = N + mgsin

F1 = mg(cos + sin) =
26 10 / 2
13

mg
2
2

l h + h =

0,5 (13 )2 (5 )2 + 5

220 H.
2) :
0 = N + F 2 + mg .
y: 0 = N mgcos; x: 0 = F F2 mgsin

StudyPort.ru
l 2 h2
h
; cos =
l
l
mg
2
2

F2 = mgcos mgsin =
l h h =

l
F = N; sin =

26 10 / 2
13

0,5

(13 )2 (5 )2

5 = 20

H.
F1,

F2.
283.

:
F1 = 220 , F1 = 20 .
N

76

F
mg

:
= 20,
= 0,05,
m = 600
.

F.

.
0 = F + N + F + mg

x: 0 = F mgsin F; y: 0 = N mgcos
F = N; F = mgsin + mgcos = mg(sin +
cos) =
= 600 10/2(sin20 + 0,05cos20) 2,4103H =
= 2,4 .
: F 2,4 .

284.

y
F

0
:
l = 1 ,
h = 20 = 0,2

m = 200 = 0,2

tg =

l 2 h2
h
; sin =
l
l

1) cos =

StudyPort.ru
,

F=1H

l h2

2)
283:
F = mg(cos + sin).
:
F
1
F
=
sin
=
tg =
mg
cos mgcos

=
=

Fl
mg l 2 h 2

h
l 2 h2

(1 )2 ( 0,2 )2

Fl

h =

l 2 h 2 mg
1

1 1
0 ,2 0 ,3

2
0,2 10 /

77

 .
285.

: 0,3.
x
y

:
l = 50
= = 0,5 ,
h = 10
= = 0,1
,
m = 2 . =

. 1) sin =

h
; cos =
l

l 2 h2
;
l

2) 0 = F 1 + mg + N + F
x: 0 = F1 mgsin + F; y: 0 = N mgcos
F = N; F1 = F mgsin = mg(cos sin) =
mg
l 2 h2 h .

3) : F2 = F mgcos = mg(cos
sin) = mg l 2 + h 2 + h .
l

4)
:
F
mg
F1=
l 2 + h2 + h l 2 + h2 + h =
l

F.
286.

F2

2mgh 2 2 10 / 2 0,1
= 8 H.
=
0,5
l

: F = 8 .

StudyPort.ru
y

F
m

F2.

78

:
,
F1,

. 1) 0 = F 1 + N + mg + F
x: 0 = F1 + F mgsin; y: 0 = N mgcos; F =

N;
F1 + mg(cos sin) = 0;
2) 0 = F 2 + N + mg + F
x: 0 = F2 F mgsin; y: 0 = N mgcos; F =
N;
F2 mg(cos + sin) = 0;
3) F2 F1 2mg cos = 0; F2 F1 = 2mg cos;
4) F2 + F1 2mg sin = 0; F2 + F1 = 2mg sin
5)
=

287.
:
= 30.

F2 + F1 tg
=
;
F2 F1

F2 F1
tg .
F2 + F1

F2 F1
tg .
F2 + F1

. 1) 0 = F + N + F + mg
x: 0 = F F mg sin; y: 0 = N mg cos; F =
N;
F = mg (cos + sin);
2) F . F(0) = mg, ..
0 cos + sin = 1; 0 =

1 sin 1 sin30
0,58.
=
cos
cos30

: 0 0,58.

0.
288.

StudyPort.ru
F

mg

79

:
l = 5 ;
h = 3 ;
m = 50 ;
a = 1 /2;
= 0,2.

.
1) 0 = N + F 1 + F + mg
x: F1+Fmg sin = 0; y: Nmg cos=0;
F=N;
F1 = mg (sin cos) = mg h l 2 h 2 =
l

50 10 /
3 0,2
5

( 5 )2 ( 3 )2

220 H;
2) 0 = F 2 + N + F + mg
x: F2 F mg sin = 0; y: Nmgcos=0;
F=N;
F2 = mg (cos + sin) =

mg
h + l 2 + h2
l

50 10 / 2
3 + 0,2
5

)=

( 5 )2 ( 3 )2

380 H;
3) ma = F 3 + N + F + mg
x: ma=F3Fmg sin; y: 0=N mg cos; F=
N;
F3 = ma + mg (cos + sin) =
= ma +

mg
h + l 2 + h2
l

50 10 / 2
3 + 0,2
5

) = 50 1 / +
2

StudyPort.ru
+

F1, F2,
F3.
1)

F2

80

: F1 = 220 , F2 = 380 , F3 = 430 .

( 5 )2 ( 3 )2 = 430 .

mg

2)

F2

F
mg

0
3)

F3

F
mg

0
289.

StudyPort.ru

mg

81

:
m = 4 = 4103
;

= 0,2 /2;
sin = 0,02;
= 0,04.

F.
290.

.
1) ,
, cos = 1.
2) ma = F + N + F + mg
x: ma = F F mg sin;
y: 0 = N mg cos; F=N;
F = ma +mg (cos + sin) ma + mg
(+sin)=
=4000
0,2
/2
+
4000
10
2
/ (0,04+0,02) =
= 3200H = 3,2.
: F = 3,2 .
N

mg

StudyPort.ru
82

:
m = 3000
=
=

.
ma = F + mg + F + N

x: ma = F mg sin + F;
y: 0 = N mg cos; F=N;
a =g sin g cos+ F 10 /20,003

3106

;
sin
0,003;

0,008.

0,00810 / + +

F
3 10 6

F
6

3 10

= 0,05 /2 +

1) F = 300 = 3105 ;
6
a = 0,05 /2 + 3 106 = 0,05 /2.

3 10

2) F = 150 = 1,5105 ;
5
a = 0,05 /2 + 1,5 106 = 0 /2.

3 10

3) F = 90 = 9104 ;
4
a = 0,05 /2 + 9 1 0 = 0,02 /2.
3 106

, .
: 1) 0,05 /2, 2) 0 /2, 3) 0,02/2.
y

.
291.

StudyPort.ru
F

mg

83

:
m = 300

.
1) ma1 = FF=F mg; a1=

F
F
g; V0=a1 =

m
m

sin = g.
0,02;
2) ma = F + N + F + mg
= 5 c;
x: ma = F + mg sin F; y: 0 = N mg cos; F =
F = 180

N
;
H;
F
= 0,04.
ma = F + mg (sin cos); a =
+ g (sin
m
cos);
V=V0+a =

F
F
2F
g+ + g (sin cos)

m
m
m

2g + g sin =

2 180
5 c 20,0410 /25 +
300

+ 10 /20,025 = 3,0 /.
: V = 3,0 /

V.
292().

y
F

StudyPort.ru
0

:
m = 2
= 30
=0,3

F - ?

=> ( F sin + mgco s ) + mgco s = F cos

co s + sin
=> F = mg
= 21 .
sin co s

F + mg sin = F cos

N = F sin + mgco s
F = N = ( F sin + mgco s )

: F = 21.
293.

y
F

84

 . 0 = N + mg + F
x: 0 = mg sin F; y: 0 = N mg cos; F = N;
0 = mg sin mg cos; =
tg =

sin
= tg.
cos

h
h
, = .
b
b

.
294.
y
F

:
= 30;
= 0,2.

.
ma = mg + N + F

x: ma = mg sin F; y: 0 = N mg cos; F = N;
ma = mg sin mg cos;a = g (sin cos);
1

a = 10 /2 0,2
2

3
2
3,3 / .
2

StudyPort.ru
.

: a 3,3 /2.

295.

mg

85

:
h; l = nh.

.
1) ma = N + mg ; x: ma=mg sin; y: 0=N mg
cos;
a = g sin; sin =

2) l =

V22
V2
g
; V2 = 2la = 2nh = 2hg ; h = 1 ;
n
2a
2g

V1 = 2 gh ;
l=

3)

h 1
g
= ;a= ;
l n
n

V2
=1;
V1

at22
;
2

t2 =

2l
2h
=n ;
a
g

h=

gt12
;
2

t2 =

2h
;
g

t2
=n.
t1

V2
;
V1

V2
t
= 1; 2 = n
V1
t1

t2
.
t1

296.
:
m = 24 =
= 2,4104 ;
R = 100 ;
V1 = 18 / =
= 5 /; V2 =
2V1.
F
F1; 2 .
F1
297.

.
F1 = m

V12
( 5 / )
= 2,4104
R
100

= 6103 H;

V22
V2
F
= 4m 1 = 4F1; 2 = 4.
F1
R
R

StudyPort.ru
F2 = m

: F1 = 6103 H,

86

F2
= 4.
F1

:
m = 2 = 2103

ma = N + mg ; a =

R = 40 ;
V = 36 /=10
/.

= 2103 10 /2

V2
V2
; N = m g =
R
R

(10 /)2
40

= 1,5104 H=15 .
: N = 15 .

N.
298.

:
m = 50

;
R = 4 ;
V
=
6/.

N.
299.

V 2

mV 2
= N mg; N = m + g =
R
R

( 6 / )2

=50

+ 10 / 2 = 950 H.

: N = 950 H.

StudyPort.ru
m

:
R = 1;
m = 0,4
.

.
1)

mV 2
= T1 mg; V = 2R; T1 = m(g + 42R2);
R

87

2.

1,

2)

V 2

mV 2
= T2 + mg; T2 = m g = m(42R2
R
R

g);

3) = 0,4 1
1 0,4 (10 /2 + 43,1421 (0,4 1)2)
6,56 ;2 0,4 (43,1421 (0,4 1)2 10 /2)
1,44 ;
= 0,5 1
1 0,4 (10 /2 + 43,1421 (0,5 1)2) 8 ;
2 0,4 (43,1421 (0,5 1)2 10 /2) 0 ;
= 1 1
1 0,4 (10 /2 + 43,1421 (1 1)2) 20 ;
2 0,4 (43,1421 (1 1)2 10 /2) 12 .
300.

:
R = 40
;

= 40.

. ma = N + mg
x: m

V2
= Ncos(90 ); y: 0 = Nsin(90 ) mg;
R

mV 2
V2
= Nsin; mg = Ncos;
= tg;
R
gR

StudyPort.ru
V=

V.

gRtg = 10 / 2 40 tg40 20 /.

: V 20 /.

301.

x
m

88

:
R = 100
;

= 0,4.

.
ma = mg + N + F ; x:

mV 2
=F; y: 0=N mg; F =
R

N;
V=

gR =

tg =

V; .
302.

F
N

0,4 10 /2 100 = 20 /;

= = 0,4; = arctg 0,4 20.

: V = 20 /, 20.
y

0
:
l = 60

=0,6 ;
= 30.

x:

ma = T + mg ;
V2
mV 2
= Tsin; y: 0 = Tcos mg;
= tg;
glsin
lsin

V = g l sin tg = 10 /2 0,6 sin30tg30

1,3 /.
: V 1,3 /.

StudyPort.ru
V.
303.

89

:
d = 5 = 0,05
;
l = 8 = 0,08 ;
= 40.

.
ma = T + mg ;

x:

mV 2
= Tsin; y: mg = Tcos; R = lsin;
R+d

V2
= tg; V = 2(lsin + d)
g ( l sin + d )

42(lsin + d)2 = g tg; =

1
g tg

2 l sin + d

1
10 / 2 tg40
1,4 .
2 3,14 0,08 sin40 + 0,05

: 1,4 .

304.
.
:
= 60;
ma = F + mg ;
m = 100 = 0,1
x: F = 0;
;
2
2
0,1 ( 2 / )
+
y: F = mV + mg cos=
V = 2 /; l=40
0, 4
l
=
+ 0,1 10 /2cos60 = 1,5 H.
= 0,4 .
F.
: F = 1,5 .
305.
.
:
m1 = 0,3
m1a = m1g T ;
(m1 + m2)a = (m1 m2)g;

;
m2 a = T m2 g;
m2 = 0,2
m m
a = 1 2 g ; a = 0,3 0,2 10 /2 = 2 /2;
.

StudyPort.ru
m1 + m2

0 ,3 + 0 , 2

T = m2a + m2g = m2 m1 m2 + m1 + m2 g =
m1 + m2

=
,
.

90

2m1m2
2 0 ,2 0 ,3
g=
10 / 2
m1 + m2
0 ,2 + 0 ,3

: a = 2 /2, T = 2,4 .

= 2,4 H.

 306.
:
m, 2m.

.
1) 0 = 1 mg; T1 = mg;
2) 0 = T2 2mg; T2 = 2mg;
ma = T3 mg ;
0 = 3T3 4mg; T3 = 4 mg.
2
ma
=
2
mg

T
;
3
3

3)
3.

1, 2,

: T1 = mg, T2 = 2mg, T3 = 4 mg.

3

307.
.
:
1) m1a = T m1g; m2a = m2g T; (m1 + m2)a=(m2
t = 2 c;
S = 1,2 ; m1)g;
m1 = 0,3
m m2
a= 1
g;
;
m1 + m2
m2 = 0,34
a
2S m m
2S
2) S = t 2 ; a = 2 ; 1 2 g = 2 ;
.
2
m1 + m2
t
t
2S m1 + m2 2 1,2 0,3 + 0,34
2
=

= 9,6 / .
g= 2
t m2 m1 ( 2 )2 0,34 0,3

g.
: g = 9,6 /2.
308.
.
: m1=27,2
=2,27104 ;
m2 = 15,3 =
= 1,53104 ;
= 0,6 /2.
F, T.

m2 a = T m2 g;

m1a = F T m1 g;

StudyPort.ru
H.

(m1 + m2)a = F (m1 + m2)g;

F=(m1+m2)(a+g)=(2,72104+1,53104)(0,610)
4,5105H;
T = (a + g)m2 = (0,6 + 10)1,53104 1,6105

91

 309.
:
m1 = 100 = 105
;
m2 = 50 = 5104
;
= 0,1 /2;
= 0,006.

.
m1a = F T1 m1g;

1) m2a = T1 m2 g T2 ;
m a = T m g;
2
2
2

2) (m1 + 2m2)a = F g(m1 + 2m2);

F = (m1 + 2m2)(a + g)=(105 +20,5105
)
(0,1 /2 + 0,00610 /2) = 3,2104 H;
3) T2 = m2(a + g) = 5104 (0,1 /2 +
+ 0,00610 /2) = 8103 H;
4) T1 = m2(a + g) + T2 = 2m2(a + g) =
= 25104(0,1 /2 + 0,00610/2) =
=1,6104H.
: F = 3,2104 H, T1 = 1,6104 H,
T2 = 8103 H.

F, T1, T2.

310.
:
.
m1 = 400 = 0,4
m a = T m1g ;
1) 1
;
m2 a = m2 g T ;
m2 = 100 = 0,1
+
m2)a=(m2

m)g;
(m 1
;

1
a
l = 80 = 0,8 ; = m2 ( m1 + m2 ) ;
m1
g
t = 2 .
.
2S
1
2S
2) a = 2 ; =
m2 ( m1 + m2 ) 2 =
m
gt
t
1

StudyPort.ru
=

1
2 0,8
0,1 ( 0,4 + 0,1 )
=
2
2
0,4
10
/
2

(
)

= 0,2;

92

 311.
:
n, a, k,
m, .

Tk.

.
, k- :
ma = Tk Tk + 1 mg,
(g + a)m = Tk Tk + 1;
Tn + 1 = 0.
, :
T1 = n(g + a). T2 = (n 1)(g + a).

Tk=(n k)(g + a).
: Tk = (n k)(g + a).

312.
:
m = 1
;
= 0,2.

.
. .
ma = F1 mg;

1) ma = F2 F1 mg;
2ma = 2mg F ;
2

2) 4ma = mg(1 );
g
10 / 2
(1 ) =
(1 0 ,2) = 2 /2;
4
4
1 mg
+ 1 =
3) F1 = m(a + g) = mg
(5 ) =
4
4

a=

StudyPort.ru
1 10 /2
(5 0 ,2) = 12 H;
4
1

4) F2 = 2m(g a) = g g
=
4

= 2m = 2mg

H.
a.

F1, F2,
313.
:
m1, m2.

3 + mg
1 10 /2
=
(3 + ) =
(3 + 0,2) =16
4
2
2

: a = 2 /2, F1 = 12 H, F2 = 16 H.

93


F, a.

1) m1 a = F H + m1 g + N 1;
m2 a = F H + m2 g + N 2 ;

x1: m1a = FH m1g sin;

x2: m2a = m2g sin FH;
3) (m1 + m2)a = (m2 sin m1 sin)g;
a=

m2sin m1sin
g;
m1 + m2

4) FH = m1(a + g sin).

a,
/c2
FH,
H

1
0,6
5
0,8
2

2
0,65
0,82

3
4,05

4
-1,7

5
2,95

6
3

7
0

8
0

1,09

2,2

1,3

0,8

1,4

1,8
6

p m
v : p = m v .

F t = p ,
F , t, p
.
,
, .
.
A F s
Fs cos, F s . E , :

StudyPort.ru
E =

mv 2
2

m , v .
E .
E E
E.
, : E1 + E1 = E2 + E2 A ,
E1 , E1 , E2 ,
94

E2 , A
.
A = 0, . E1 + E1 = E2 + E2
E1 = E2 ,
E1 , E2 .
.
, A ,
F s , = 90, .. cos 90=0.
m h , E = mgh,
g .
k, x 2

: E = k .
2

N A t,
:
N = A/t.

A A: = A/A.
1.
314.
:
.
4
m1 = 10 = 10 ;
p1 = m1v1 = 10 4 10 / = 10 5 /;
v1 = 36 / = 10 /;
p2 = m2 v2 = 103 25 / = 2,5 104
3
m2 = 1 = 10 ;
/.
v2 = 25 /
p1, p2
: p1 = 105 /, p1 = 2,5104
/.
315.
.
: m1 = 160
;
m1v1 = m2v2 ;
m2 = 8 ;
mv
8 600 /
v1 = 2 2 =
= 30 /.
v2 = 600 /
m1
160

StudyPort.ru
v1

: v1 = 30 /.

95

 316.
:
,

p = V v ;

p = V v ;

p
.
=
p

:
p
p

p
.
=
p

317.
.
:
m = 2000 =
p1 = mv1 ,
p 2 = mv 2 ;
6
= 2 10 ,
p = p2 p1 = m ( v2 v1 ) =
v2 = 72 / = 20
= 2 106 ( 20 / 10 / ) = 2 107 /.
/,
v1 = 36 / = 10 /
p
: p = 2107 /.
318.
.
1)
:
m = 100 =
p1 = mv 0 = 0 ,1 10 / = 1 /
=0,1,
p1 = F1 t1 ;
v = 10 /,
p
mv 0 ,1 10 /
F1 = 1 =
=
= 20
t1 = 0 ,05 ,
t1
t
0,05
t2 = 0,01.
2)
2
p2 = mv ( mv ) = 2mv = 2 0,1 10 / =

StudyPort.ru
p2 = F2t2 ;

F2 =

: p1 = 1 /, p2 = 2 /,
F1 = 20 , F2 = 200 .

p1 , p2 , F1 ,

F2 .

319.
:
m = 400

0,4;
v = 25 /;
t1 = 0,025 ;
t2 = 0,04 ;

: F1 , F2
96

p2 2mv 2 0,1 10 /
=
=
= 200 .
t2
t2
0,01

.
=

F1 =

2mv 2 0,4 25 /
=
= 800
t1
0 ,025

F2 =

mv 0 ,4 25 /
=
= 250 .
t2
0 ,04

: F1 = 800 , F2 = 250 .

 320.
:

.
a
2

x = 5 8t + 4t ,
m = 2

1) x = x0 + v0t + t 2 ;
v0 = 8 /; a = 8 /2;
v = v0 + at = 8 + 8t ;
p ( t ) = mv ( t ) = 2 ( 8 + 8t ) = 16 + 16t ;
2) p( 2) = 16 +16 2 = 16/; p( 4) =16+16 4 =
= 48 /;
3) F = ma = 2 8 / = 16 ;
: p(2) = 16 /,
p(4) = 48 /, F=16 H.

:
(2),(4), F
321.
:

m = 100

0,1,
v = 20 /,
= 60.

.
px = mvsiNmvsiN = 0,
py = mvcos(mvcos) = 2mvcos,
p =

px2 + py2 = py = 2mvcos =

= 20,1 20 /cos60 = 2 /.
: p = 2 /.

: p.
322.

p(T/2
)

p(T/4)

StudyPort.ru
p(0) = p(T)

97

:
m = 1 ,
v = 10 /

. 1) p = p p ( 0 ) ;
4
4
T
p = mv 2 + mv 2 = mv 2 = 1 10 / 2
4

14 /;
T

2) p = p p ( 0 ) = 2 p ;
2
2
2
T
p = 2mv = 2 1 10 / = 20 /;
2
3) p (T ) = p (T ) p ( 0 ) = 0 ; p (T ) = 0 .

T
: p ( ) ,
4
T
p ( ) , p (T )
2

323().
:
m1 = 2
m2 = 6
v = 2 /
: v - ?
324().
:
m =50
v = 0,2
M = 200

: p 14 /, p = 20 /,
4
2
p (T ) = 0.

m1v m2v = ( m1 + m2 ) v' <=>

v' = v

m1 m2
= 1 / .
m1 + m2

: v = 1 /.
.

StudyPort.ru
: v - ?
325().
:
m1 = 20
m2 = 30
v1 = 0,3 /
v2 = 0,2 /
v-?

98

mv = ( m + M )v' <=>

v' =

m
v = 0,04 / .
m+M

: V = 0,04 /.

.
m1v1 + m2v2 = ( m + M )v <=>

m1v1 + m2v
v = 0,24 / .
m+M
: v = 0,24 /.
v=

 326(324).
. MV = mv + mv = 2mv
: M = 200
,
m
0 ,02
= 2 500 /
= 0,1 /.
V = 2v
m = 20 = 0,02
M
200
,
v = 500 /
: V
: V = 0,1 /.
327(325).
:
.
M = 200
( M + m )V = MV + mv ;
,
( M + m)V mv = V + V v m ;
V
= V =
(
)
M
M
1/,
50
m = 50
=2,25
v=4 /, V = 1 / + (1 / ( 4 /) )
200

/.
V
50
v = 2 /, V = 1 / + (1 / 2 /)
= 0,75
200

/.
v = 6 /, V = 1 / + (1 / 6 /)

50
= 0,25
200

/.
328(326).
m
:
. MV = mvcos ; V = vcos =
M = 750 =
M
=7,5105 ,
30
=
103 / cos600 = 0,02 /.
5

=
600,
7 ,5 10
m = 30 ,
3
v = 1 / = 10
/
V
: V = 0,02 /.
329(327).
:
mv = mvcos45o + mv cos 45o ;
.
v = 10 /
o
v = 2vsin45 = v 2

10 /
v
v =

7 /.
o

StudyPort.ru
2sin45

2 0,71

: v 7 /.

99

 330(328).
:
m1 = 20 ,
m2 = 60 ,
v2 = 1 /.

. ( m1 + m2 ) v1 = m2v2 ;
v1 =

m2
60
v2 =
1 / = 0 ,7 /.
m1 + m2
20 + 60

v1 .
: v1 = 0,7 /.
331(329).
:
.
m = 20 = 210-5
A = mgh = 2 105 10 /2 2 103 = 0 ,4 .
,
h = 2 = 2103 .

: = 0,4 .
332(330).
:
.
3
A = mgh = Vgh = l Sgh =
= 7 ,8 103 / ,
= 7,8 103 /3 5 102 2 12 4,7 103
l = 5 ,
2
S = 100 = 10 .
2 2
, h = 12 .

: 4,7103 .
333(331).
.
: m = 2 ,
h = 1 ,
A = mh ( a + g ) = 2 1 3 /2 + 10 /2 = 26
2
a = 3 / .
.

StudyPort.ru

334(332).
: h = 5 ,
3
V = 0,6 ,
= 2500

/3,

: = 26 .

. A = hgV ( ) =

= 4 ,5 104 .

= 1000

/3.

335(333).
:
F = 200 ,
l = 10 , = 45o

100

= 5 10 /2 0 ,6 3 2500 /3 1000/3 =

: = 4,5104 .
.
A = Flcos = 200 10 cos45o 1420 .

: 1420 .

 336(334).
: = 4o ,
4
m = 10 = 10
,
l = 100 .
:
337(335). S1 =
A1 mgS1 S1
=
=
=
A2 mgS2 S2

338(336).
:
m = 100 = 0,1
,
h = 5 .

. A = mglcos + = mglsin =
2

= 10 100 10 sin4o 7 105 .

: 7105 .
gt 2
gt 2
gt 2 3 gt 2
, v0 = gt ; S2 = v0t +
;
= gt 2 +
=
2
2
2
2
gt 2
2
3 gt 2

1
.
3

.
1) A1 = mgh = 0,1 10 /2 5 = 5 ;
2) A2 = mgh = 0,1 10 /2 5 = 5 ;
3) A3 = mg ( h h ) = 0 .
: 1 = 5 , 2 = 5 , 3 = 0.

A1 , A2 , A3

339(337).
:
M = 8 ,
m = 400 / =
= 0,4/,
h = 10 .
:
340(338).

h
2

. A = Mgh + mhg = gh M +

m
h =
2

0,4 /

= 10 /2 10 8 +
10 = 1000 .
2

StudyPort.ru
: = 1000 .
F

101

. 1) A1 = F1lcos = F1l

F1 = 30 ,
F2 = 40 ,

=l

l = 10 .

F12
F12

+ F2

= 10

2) A2 = F2lcos = l
= 10

F1
F12
2

+ F2 2

( 30 )
( 30 )2 + ( 40 )2
F2 2

F12 + F2 2

( 40 )2
( 30 )2 + ( 40 )2

= 180 .

= 320 .

3)
A = F12 + F2 2 l =

: A1 , A2 , A
341(339).
: m1 = 3m2 ,

( 30 )2 + ( 40 )2 10 = 500 .

: 1 = 180 , 2 = 320 , = 500 .

1
v1 = v2
3

E1 =

m1v12
,
2

E2 =

m2v22 3m1 v1
E1
=
= ,
2
2 3
3

E2 1
= .
E1 3

E2
E1

E2 1
= .
E1 3

StudyPort.ru
342(340).
: v = 7 ,8 /

= 7,810 /,
m = 6 ,6 = 6,6103

: E

343(341).
:
m = 4 ,
v1 = 2 /,
v2 = 8 /

: A
102

3
3
mv 2 6,6 10 7 ,8 10 /
=
E=
2
2

2 104

: 2 10 4
.

mv 2 mv 2
m
A = E = 2 1 = v22 v12 =
2

2
2

4
2
2
( 8 / ) ( 4 / ) = 120 .
2

: A = 120 .

 344(342).
:
m1 = 18m2 ,

. p1 = m1v1 = 18m2

1
v1 = v2
6

p2 = m2v2 , p1 = 3 p2 ,

p1
= 3;
p2

1
v 2 = 3m2 v2 ,
6

m1 2 18m2 1 2 1 m2v22
v1 =
v2 =
,
2
2 36
2 2
m v2 E
1
E2 = 2 2 , 1 = .
E2 2
2

E1 =

p1 E1
;
p2 E2

345(343).
:
p = 8
/2,
E = 16

p1
E
1
= 3, 1 = .
p2
E2 2

v2 v
E
m
. p = mv ; E = v 2 ; = 2 = ;
p
mv
2
2
E
16
= 4 /;
v = 2 = 2
p
8 /

p p2 ( 8 /)
=
=
= 2 .
v 2E
2 16
2

m=

v ,m

: v = 4 /, m = 2 .

346(344).

StudyPort.ru

103

m = 100 = 0,1

l = 40 = 0,4

,
= 60 0 .

mv2

= Tsin ;
lsin
mg = Tcos

mv 2 mglsin tg
=
=
2
2
1
= 0 ,1 10 / 2 0 , 4 sin60o tg60o = 0 ,3 .
2

E =

: E
: E = 0,3 .
347(345).
.
:
3
E
104
m = 2m = 2 10 ,
E = mgh ; h =
=
= 0,5 .
mg 2 103 10 /2
E = 10 = 104
.
: h
: h = 0,5 .
348(346).
.
:
m = 300 ,
E = mgh = 300 10 / 2 1,5 = 4,5 103 .
h = 1,5 .
: E
: E = 4,5103 .
349(347).
.
: h1 = 6 ,
1) E1 = mgh2 = 0,2 10 /2 8 = 16 ;
m = 200 = 0,2
,
2) E2 = mg ( h1 h2 ) = 0,2 10 /2 ( 6 8 ) = 4
h2 = 8 .
;
3) E3 = mgh1 = 0,2 10 /2 6 = 12 .
:
E1 = 16 ,
E 2 = 4 ,
: E1,E2 ,E3
E = 12 .

StudyPort.ru
3

350(348).
.
: l = 2 ,
l
2
m = 100 .
= 1000 .
A = mg = 100 10 / 2
2

: A
: A = 1000 .
351(349).
, Fx = 800 X = 8 = 0,08 . -

E = 1 Fx X = 0,5 800 0,08 = 32 . tg

2

104

 .
.
352(350).
.
:
1
l = 3 = 0,03 ,
E = Fl = 0,5 20 0,03 = 0,3 .
F = 20 .
2
: E
: E = 0,3 .
353(351).
:
.
2
k = 40 / =

2
4 104 5 103
4
kl

=410 /,
=
= 0,5 .
A=
2
2
l = 0 ,5 = 510-3
.
: A
: A = 0,5 .
354(352).
.
:
l1 = 4 = 0,4
l2
kl 2
kl 2 E
E1 = 1 , E2 = 2 ; 2 = 22 ;
,
E1 l1
2
2
E1 = 0 ,02 ,
( 4 )2 = 2 .
l2
l2 = 4 .
E2 = E1 22 = 0 ,02
2

( 0,4 )

l1

: E2
355(353).
:
F0 = 0 ,
F1 = 10 ,
F2 = 20 ,
F3 = 30

: E2 = 2 .
.

F1 = k x1 ,

1)

x1 =

F1
,
k

x2 =

F2
,
k

StudyPort.ru
1
1 F12
;
F1x1 =
2
2 k

A1 =

2)

F2 = kx2 ,

1
1
F22 F12
( F2x2 F1x1 ) =
2
2k
1
3) : A3 =
F32 F22
2k

A2 =

A2 F22 F12 ( 20 ) (10 )

=
=
=3,
A1
F12
(10 )2
2

4)

A3 F32 F22 ( 30 ) ( 20 )
=
=
= 1, 25 .
A2
F22
( 20 )2
2

105

356(354).
:

A
A2
= 3 , 3 = 1,25 .
A1
A2

A3 A2
;
A2 A1

. A =

k = 500 /

2
3 ( 40 )
3Fmax
=
= 1,2 .
8k
8 500 /
2

.
: A
357(355).
:
m = 0,5 ,
v = 4 /.

2
2
( F / 2 ) = Fmax
Fmax
1
max
1 =
2k
2k
2k 4
2

Fmax = 40

: A = 1,2 .
.
h=

v2
2g

,
2

v2
( 4 /) = 4 ;
= 0,5
2
2
= A = 4 ; E = A = 4 .

A = mgh = m

:
A, E ,E

358(356).
: h = 2 ,
m = 400 = 0,4
.
: E
359(357).
:
m = 100 = 0,1
,
v = 10 /.
: E
360(358).
: m = 3 ,
h1 = 5 ,
h2 = 2 .
: E

A = 4 ;

E = 4

E = 4 .

. E = mgh = 0 ,4 10 / 2 = 8 .
: E = 8 .

StudyPort.ru
106

mv 2 0,1 (10 / )
=
= 5 .
2
2
2

. E =

: E = 5 .

. E = mgh1 mgh2 = mg ( h1 h2 ) =
= 3 10 / ( 5 2 ) = 90 .

= 90 .

 361(359).
:
v0 = 10 /

mv02
= 2mgh ;
2

.
v02
(10 / ) = 2 ,5 .
=
4 g 4 10 / 2
2

h=

: h
362(360).
:
m = 50 = 0,05
,
v0 = 30 /,
t = 2 .

: h = 2,5 .
. 1) E =

m
( v0 gt )2 =
2

2
0,05
30 / 10/ 2 2 = 2 ,5 ;
2
mv 2
m
2) E = 0 E = v02 v02 g 2t 2 + 2 gtv0 =
2
2
mgt
=
( 2v0 gt ) =
2
0,05 10 /2 2
=
2 30 / 10 /2 2 = 20 .
2

:
E , E .

363(361).
:
h =10
h =h

: v0

: E = 20 , E = 2,5 .
mv02
= mg h <=> v0 = 2 g h
. 2
a )v0 = 14 ,1 / ; )v0 = 2 gh

: v0 = 14 ,1 / , v0 = 2 gh .

StudyPort.ru
364(362).
:

mv02
mv 2
= mgh +
; v = v02 gh .
2
2

v0 , h

: v

: v = v 02 gh .

365(363).
:
v0 = 600 /,
m = 10 = 0,01
,
E = 450 .

2
2E
2E
v02 = vx2 + v 2y ; E = mv x , v x2 =
, v 2y = v02
;
m
2
m

2E

ctg =

vx
m
=
=
2E
vy
v02
m

: .

1
mv02
2E

=
1

1
0 ,01 600 /
2450

0 ,57 ; = arctg 0,57 60o .

: = 60 o .

107

 366(364).
:
m = 25 ,
l = 2,5 ,
T = 550

.
mgh =
T = mg +

mv 2
,
2

mv 2
h
h

= mg + 2mg = mg 1 + 2 ,
l
l
l

2 ,5
l T
550

h=
1 =
1 = 1,5 .

2 mg
2 25 10 / 2

: h = 1,5 .

: h
367(365).

l
T
h
:
m ,

mg

.
h = l lcos = l (1 cos ) ; mgh =

mv 2
;
2

mv 2
h
= mg + 2mg =
2
l
l (1 cos )
= mg + 2mg
= mg ( 3 2cos ) .
l

T = mg +

StudyPort.ru
: T = mg(3 2cos ).

: T
368(366).

N2
mg
N1

mg

108

.
1)

m, h = 3R,

mgh =

2
mv12
; N1 = mv1 + mg = mg + 2mg h = mg + 6mg = 7mg ;
2
R
R

2)
N2 =

mgh = mg 2 R +

mv22
mg = 2mg mg = mg
R

mv22
;
2

: N1 = 7mg , N 2 = mg.

:
N1 ,N 2

369(367).
:
.
m.
T2 =

mv22
mv2
;
+ 2mgR =
2
2

T1 =

mv12
+ mg ;
R

mv22
mg ;
R

T = T2 T1 = 2mg +

mv22 mv12

= 2mg 4mg = 6mg .

R
R

: T = 6mg .

:
T .

370(368).
:
k , l , m.
: v.
371(369).

2
2
k
l ;
. k l = mv ; v =

StudyPort.ru
, 368: v = k l
m

) . . v l , 2 .
) . . v k , 2 1,4 .

) . . v 1 ,
m

v.

2 0,71 .

372(370).
:
2
2
k 2
x 2 gx .
. mv + mgx = kx ; v =
m, k , x.
m
2
2
368, ,
.
:
k 2
.
:
v=

x 2 gx

109

 373(371).
:
1
. mg ( h + x ) = Fx ;
m = 60
2

h = 4 ,
x = 1 .

h
4
F = 2mg 1 + = 2 60 10 /2 1 +
= 6000 .
x

: F = 6000 .

374(372).
:
l = 1 ,
Fmax = 26 , k = 2,5 /=

= 2,5 103 /,
m = 50 = 0,05 .
: F
375(373).
:
k = 100 /,
m = 800 = 0,8
,
l = 10 = 0,1
,
= 0,25.
A
: 1
A2
376(374).
:
m = 15 =
=1,5104,
a = 1,4 /2,
l = 10
,
= 0,02 .

. mgl =

F2
;
2k

F = 2kmgl = 2 2 ,5 103 0 ,05 10 1 = 50

.
F > Fmax , .
: .

.
A2 =

F12
2k

A1 = mgl ,

F = mg ,

2 2 2

mg
,
2k

A1 mg 0,25 0 ,8 10 /2 1
=
=
= .
A2
2kl
2 100 / 0 ,1
10

A1
1
= .
A2 10

StudyPort.ru
:
A1,A2,E .

110

. 1) ma = F mg ; F = m(a + g );
A1 = Fl = m ( a + g ) l = 1,5 104

1,4 /2 + 0,02 10 /2 10 = 2,4 105 .

2) A2 = mgl =

= 0,02 1,5 104 10 /2 10 = 3 104

3) E = A1 + A2 = 2,4 105 3 104 =2,1105

.
: A1 =2,4105 , A2 =3104 , E =2,1105
.

 377(375).
:
. 1) , m = 20 v0 = 10 / ,
=
t = 20 v = 20 /.
2
2
=2104
2) E = mv mv0 = m v2 v02 =
,
2
2 2

t = 20

2 10
( 20 / )2 (10 / )2 = 3 106 .
2
v v0
; F = m v v0 + mg ;
3) ma = F mg ; a =
t
t

v v0

A = Fl = ml
+ g
t

= 0,05

4) l
. ,
. l = v v0 t ;
A = m v v0 t v v0 + g = 2 104
2 2

20 / + 10 /
20 / 10 /

20
+ 0,05 10 /2 =
2
2

6 106

A, E

: A = 6 10 6 , E = 3 10 6 .

378(376).
:
m=2

. 1) A = mgl =

StudyPort.ru
=

2 10 ,
l = 50

= 0,4 2 103 10 / 2 50 = 4 105 .

2) E = A = 4 105 .

= 0,4 .

: A, E

: A = 4 10 5 , E = 4 105 .

379().
.
:
h
=1,4
mv 2 mv 2
mgh
mgh =
;
= Fl => F =
= 900 .
m
= 6;
l
2
2
l=10
: F = 900.
: F - ?

111

 380(378).
:
m = 1500
= 1,5 106 , F = 150

.
Fl =

= 1,5 105 , l = 500 .

: v
381(379).
:
l = 36 ,
v1 = 10 /,
v2 = 8 /.

mv 2
;
2

2Fl
2 1,5 105 500
=
= 10 /.
m
1,5 106

v=

: v = 10 /.
. 1)

v12 v 22 (10 / )2 (8 / )2
=
= 0,05 .
2 gl
2 10 / 2 36
m
m
2) E = v12 v22 ; E1 = v12
2
2
=

E
E1

:
,

=1

v22

v12

=1

: = 0,05 ,

m 2
v1 v 22 = mgl ;
2

E1

( 8 / )2
(10 / )2
E
E1

382(380).

= 0 ,36 36% .

= 0,36 36% .

N
F

StudyPort.ru

112

mg

. 1) M a = M g + F + N ;
x : Ma = Mgsin F ; y : 0 = N Mgcos ;

M ,m

F = N ; a = g (sin cos )

2) M. ,
. ,

V0 .
2
2
3) MV0 = MgL ; L = V0 .

2g

2
L
4) l = V0 . L = l = 1 ,

2g

.. .
:

L
=1.
l

L
l

383(381).
.
:
l , ,
mv 2
mglsin =

+ mglcos ; v = 2 gl ( sin cos ) .

: v = 2 gl ( sin cos ) .

StudyPort.ru
v

384(382).
:
.
h=2

,
,

cos =

b =5
S = 35

:
385(383).
:
M , m, h,

h + b2

mgh = mg h2 + b2 cos + mgS ;

h = b + S ; =

h
2
=
= 0,05 .
b + S 5 + 35

: = 0,05 .

. mgl = Mgh; =

M h
.
m l

113

: =

M h
.
m l

386(384).
:
.
m = 10
mgh = A ;
h = 5 .

Amin = A + mgh = 2mgh = 2 10 10 / 2 5 = 1000

.
: AmiN = 1000 .
:
Amin .
387(385).
:
Fx
1
.
. Fx = mgl ; =
m, F , x, l.
2mgl
2
: .
Fx
.
: =
2mgl
388(386).
.
:
m = 5 = 5103 E = mgh = 5 103 10 4 = 2 105 ;
,
5 103 2
m 2 2
l = 200 ,
E =
5 152 = 5 105
v2 v1 =
2
2
h = 4 ,
;
v1 = 15 /,
AC = mglcos mgl =
v2 = 5 /,
= 0,09 5 103 10 /2 200 = 9 105 ;
= 0,09.
A + AC = E + E ;

StudyPort.ru
A = E + E AC = 2 105 5 105 +

+ 9 105 = 6 105 ;
F =

E , E ,
AC , A , F .

114

A 6 105
=
= 3 103 .
200
l

: E = 2105 , E = 5105 ,
AC = 9105 , A = 6105 , F = 3103

 389(387).
:
m = 80 ,
l = 200 ,
v = 50 /.

. mgl =

: A

: A = 6 10 4 .

v2
m 2
v A ; A = m gl =

2
2

( 50 / )2 = 6 104 .
= 80 10 / 2 200

390(388).
.
:
m =9,6 =
mv12 mv02 m 2 2
9,6 103
3
A
v
v
=

1
1
0
=9,610
2
2
2
2
,
2
2
( 746 / ) ( 825 / ) 600 ;
v0 = 825 /
,
mv 2 mv 2 m 2 2
9 ,6 103

A2 = 2 1 =
v2 v1 =
v1 = 746 /,
2
2
2
2
v2 = 675 / 6752 7462 480 .
,
l = 100 .
:
: A1 600 , A2 480 .
A1 , A2 .
391(389).
:
mv02
mv 2
3
.
+
=

+
mgh
A
;
m = 2 = 210
2
2
,
m 2 2
A=
v v0 mgh =
v0 = 50 /,
2
h = 420 ,
2 103
=
( 30 / )2 ( 50 / )2
v = 30 /.

StudyPort.ru
(

2 103 10 / 2 420 = 107 .

: A

: A = 107 .

115

 392(390).
:
m = 100 ,
h = 8 ,
l = 100 ,
v = 10 /.

.
F=

mgh = Fl +

mv 2
;
2

m v2
gh =

l 2

100 (10 / )

10 / 2 8 = 30 .

100
2

: F
: F = 30 .
393(391).
.
:
v = 2340 / = 650
N = vF = 650 / 2,2 10 5 = 1,43 108
/,
.
F = 220 = 2,2105
.
: N
: N = 1,43 108 .
394(392).
.
:
v = 900 / = 250
N
3 107
=
= 3 104 .
F=
/,
4v 4 250 /
N = 30 = 3 107
.
: F
: F = 3 10 4 .
395(393).
.
: v = 30 /,
N = v F = 30 / 0,2 100 = 600
F = 100 , = 0,2 .
.
: N = 600 .
: N
396().
:
2S
2S
. 1) a = 2 ; v = at =
;
m , S ,t ,
t
t
:
mv 2
; 3) A = mgS;
2) E =
v, E , A , N

StudyPort.ru
2
1
4) N = ( A + E ) .
t

116

 397(395).
:
.
N = Fv;
N = 72 =
4
= 7 ,2 10 F = mg ( sin + cos ) = mg sin + 1 sin 2 ;
m = 5 =

= 5 103 ,
sin = 0,2 ,
= 0,4

v=

mg sin + 1 sin 2

7 ,2 104

10 / 5 103 0,2 + 0,4 1 0,22

2, 4 /.

: v = 2,4 /.
: v
398(396).
:
.
m =1
mv 2
v
+ mgl ;
N = F ; Fl =
=
2
2
3
= 10
mv v 2

v mv 2
,
N=
+ mg =
+ g =
2 2l

2 2l
l = 300

,
2

103 30 / ( 30 / )
v = 30

=
+ 0 ,03 10 / 2 = 27000 .
2 300

2
/,

= 0,03
: N = 27000 .
:
N.
399().
:
.
v ,S ,m ,n , F .
v
v2
v2
; 2) v = at ; t = ;
1) S = ; a =
:
2a
2S
a
2
a ,t , E , A, N .
mv
; 4) A = nFS ;
3) E =

StudyPort.ru
2

5) N =

A
t

401(399).

l
h

117

:
l = 1 ,
h = 0,6

= 0,1.

.
F = mgcos = mg

mgh
mgh
1
=
=
=
2
2
A
l2
mg h + l h
1+ 2 1

(1 )2
1 + 0,1
1
( 0 ,6 )2

0 ,88 .

:
= 0,88.

402().
: m = 3600 =
= 3,6 10 6 , l = 10000

A = mgh + Fl = mg h + l 2 + h 2 ;
=

l 2 h2
;
l

.
A1 = 1mgl;
A2 = 2 mgl ;

= 10 , 1 = 0,007 ,
2 = 0,0061 ,
= 90% = 0,9.

A = ( A1 A2 ) = (1 2 )mgl =
= ( 0,007 0 ,0061) 3,6 106 10 / 2
0 ,9 107 3 1011 .

StudyPort.ru
: A .

403().
:
S = 12
s = 20c2
v = 2 /

:
A = 31011 .

t:
V = svt
V = Sv' t

=> v' = v

s
= 0,004 /
S

dv / dt = Sv' = 0 ,004 3 / .

:
v - ?
dv/dt - ?
118

:
v = 0,004 /, dv/dt = 0,004 3/.

 404(402).
.
:
v1 = 10
v1 S1 = v 2 S 2 ;
/,
d1 = 4d 2

v1d12 = v2 d 22 ;

v2 = v1

d12
d 22

= 16v1 = 16 10 / = 160 / = 1,6 /.

: v2 = 1,6 /.
:
v2 .
405(403).
.
: V = 500
3,

t = 1 = 3600
nV = vtd 2 ;
4
,
n = 10 ,
4nV
4 10 500 3

v=
4,9/.
2
2
d = 0,6 .
td
3,14 3600 ( 0,6 )
:
v = 4,9 /.

: v.
406(404).

V
v

StudyPort.ru
O

, , , V ,
. V + v , V v . , , , .
407().
,
.
119

408(406).
:
.
t = 1 . =
1) m
= 86400 c,
, S = 4 2 =
= 410-6 2,
mv 2
= 1000 /3, . mgh = 2 ;
h = 80 = 0,8
v = 2 gh ;

2) V = Svt = St 2 gh =
= 4 106 3 2 10 / 2 0 ,8 86400 = 1,38

3.

: V = 1,38 3.
: V
409(407).
, , .. , . , , .
410().
, , .

, x ,
x(t), t , .
T, T
x(t) = x(t + T);
, T , T .
, : = 1/T.
,
2: = 2.
, x(t) x(t)=Acos(t + ),
A , .
m
k. ,

StudyPort.ru
120

1 k
k
, =
, T = 2 m .
2 m
m
k

l, . ,
=

g
l

, = 1

g
, T = 2 l ,
l
g

g .
, , . ,
. , ,
( ), . . , .
.
. v .
. . v=.
, .. , 330/, 1400/.
411(409).
n 32
:
. T = t = 8 c = 0 ,25 , = =
= 4 .
t = 8 , n=32
t 8c
n 32
: , .
: T = 0,25 c, = 4 .
412(410).
:
t
1
. n = t = t =
= 600 ,
T
T
T = 5 =
1

4
= 600
60 = 2 ,4 10 .
= 5 103 ,
5 103

t = 1 =
.. n >0, .
60.
: .
: n

StudyPort.ru
121

 413(411).
: a = 1 = 10

. S = 4an ; n = t ;

S = 4at = 4 103 103 0,2 = 0,8

= 1 = 103 ,
.
t = 0,2 .
: S = 0,8 .
: S .
414(412).
: 1 = 420

S
S

. n = 2 1 = S 2 1 =
v2
v1
v
,
2 v1
2 = 300 ,
300 420
= 500

= 5000;
v1 = 7 /,
7 /
6 /
, v2 = 6 /,

.
S = 500 .
: .
: n
415(413). ) ; ) .
416(414).
.
:
m = 640 =0,64 ,
kx 2 mv 2
=
;
k = 0,4 /=400
2
2
/,
0,64
m
x=
v=
1 / = 0,04 .
v = 1 /.
k

400 /

: x.
: x = 0,04 .
417(415).
2
:
mv 2 kx 2
x2
x
=
; m = k 2 = k = ;
.
k = 0,5 / = 500
2
2
v
v
/,
2
0 ,06
x = 6 = 0,06 ,
= 500 /
= 0 ,2 .
3 /
v = 3 /.
: m = 0,2 .
: m
418(416).
:
k x2 k x2
x
1
k
x
. 1 1 = 2 2 ; x2 = 1 x1 = 1 ; 2 = .
k = 4k

StudyPort.ru
2

:
x2
x1

122

x2 1
= .
x1 2

k2

x1

419()
:
m = 100

.
A = 0 ,5

T = 0 ,8c => =

2
1
= 7 ,8
T

F = 3,125

: A,
T, w, F- ?
420(419)
:
k = 250 /

n = 20 ,
t = 16 .

: A = 0 ,5 , T = 0,8c, = 7 ,8 , F = 3,125

.
T = 2
m=

t
m
;T = ;
n
k

kT 2
42

kt 2
42n2

250 / (16 )
4 3,142 202

= 4 .

: m = 4 .
: m
421(420).
:
1 k
1
k
. 1 =
; 2 =
;
m = 100
=
2 M
2 M + m
0,1,

M +m
m
n= 1 =
= 1+ ;
n = 1,41
M

n2 = 1 +

m
m
0 ,1
; M= 2
=
0 ,101 .
M
n 1 1, 412 1

StudyPort.ru
: M
422(421)
:
1
l2 = l1
4

: M = 0,101 .

k1 l2
l
= ; k2 = 1 k1 = 4k1;
k2 l1
l2

1 k1 ; 2 k2 = 2 k1 ;

:
2
.
1

2
= 2.
1

2
= 2.
1

123

 423().
:
m
=
400
k
=
250/
A
=
15
:
E-?v?
424(423).
:
l2 = 3l1.

.
kx 2 mv 2
k
=
<=> v = x
m
2
2
E = 2 ,8
v = 3,8 /
E=

: E = 2,8, v = 3,8/.

. 1
:

2
.
1

425(424).
:

1
1
1

1
.
; 2
=
; 2 =
l1
3
l2
3l1 1

2
1
=
.
1
3

n1 = 10

. 1)

n2 = 30

2)

t
l
t2
= 2 1 ; l1 = g 2 2 ;
n1
g
4n1

t
l
= 2 2 ;
n2
g

l2 = g

t2
4n22 2

3)

2
l2 n12 n1 10
1
= 2 = = = .
l1 n2 n2 30
9

StudyPort.ru
:

l2
l1

426().
:
l1 1
=
l2 3

A1
=2
A2
:
E2
?
E1

124

l2 1
= .
l1 9

.
E
,
E2
= 12.
E1
: E2 = 12.
E1

 427(425).
.
:
l = 80
=
t
l
= 2 ;
0,8 ,
n
g
t = 1 = 60
42n2
4 3,142 342
,
g= 2 l=
0,8 10,3 /2.
2
t
n = 34 .
( 60 )

: g.
: g 10,3 /.
428(426).
) . , . , .
) . ,
. , .
) ,
. ,
. , .
429(427).
.
:
n1 = 50 ,
l
t
t
l
1)
l2 = l1 + l ;
= 2 2 ;
= 2 1 ;
n2
g
n2 = 30 ,
n1
g
l = 32 t
l + l
;
= 2 1
=
n2
g
=0,32 .
2) t / t = l1 + l = 1 + l = n1 ;
n 2 n1

l1

l1

n2

StudyPort.ru
2

l
0 ,32
l n1
=
0 ,18 .
= 1; l1 =
2
2
l1 n2
50
n1 1

1
n
30
2
3) l2 = l1 + l = 0 ,18 + 0,32 = 0 ,5 .

( )

: l1 0,18 , l1 = 0,5 .

l1 ,l2

125

 430(428). , 1
2; 1
2; ,
1 2.
431(429). , 0,2 ; ,

1
= 5 ; 10 .
0,2 c

432(430). ); ); ); ).
433(431). , , .
434(432). . .
435(433). .
436(434). ,
, ,
. .
, .
437().
:
.
T = 1,6c
,
2 l = Tv <=> v = 0, 75 / .
l = 60

: v.
438(435).
:
v = 6 /
=3

: v = 0,75/.
.

: T,

: T = 0,5c, w = 12,1 1/c.

2
1
= 12,1
T
c

StudyPort.ru
= vT <=> T =

= 0,5c => =

w.

439(436).
:
t = 10 ,
n = 20 ,
= 1,2 .
: v

126

. =

t
n 20 1,2
v; v = =
= 2 ,4 /.
t
10
n

: v = 2,4 /.

 440(437).
.
:
T = 50 ,
n
;
v=
= 0,5 ,
t
t = 5 ,
50
T
0,5 = 100 .
l = vT = n = 20
n = 20 .
5
t
: l = 100 .
: l
441().
:
c
. c = <=>= = 1, 2
= 2,4 /

= 2
l l = 10, 60, 90,
120, 140
= /6, , 3/2, 2, 7/8.
:
: = /6, , 3/2, 2, 7/8.
442(438).
:
c 340 /
79 ;
. c = 11 ; 1 = =
1 = 4,3 ,
1
4 ,3
c 340 /
2 = 25 ,
c = 2 2 ; 2 = =
= 1360 .
2 0,25
c = 340 /.
:
: 1 79 , 2 = 1360 .
1 , 2 .
443(439).
:
c 340 /
3,8 ;
. 1 = =
1 = 90 ,
1
90
c
340 /
2 = 9000
2 =
=
0 ,038 = 3,8 .
2 9000
,
c = 340 /.
:
: 1 = 3,8 , 2 = 3,8 .

StudyPort.ru
1 , 2 .

444(440).
:
t = 15 ,
c = 340 .
: l.
445(441).

. l = t = 340 / 15 = 5100 .
: l = 5100 .
l

127

:
= 73o ,

. h = ct; l = vt ;

c = 340 /.

v = c ctg = 340 / ctg 73o 100 /.

: v.
446(442).
: t = 2 ,
T = 36 ,
c = 340 /.
: v
447(443).
:
t = 45 ,
c1 = 340
/,
.

l
v
= ctg ; = ctg ;
h
c

: v = 100 /.
.
vT = (v + c )t ;
340 / 2
ct
v=
=
= 20 /.
(T t ) 36 2
: v = 20 /.
. c2T = c1 (T + t ) ; T = t
L = c2T = t

c2 =1400 / = = 20 .

c1
;
c2 c1

c1c2
1400 / 340 /
= 45
2 104
1400 / 340 /
c2 c1

: L = 20 .
: L.
448(). ,
4 .
449(445). , .. .
450(446). , , , .
451(447).
2l 2 68
: c = 340
. t = =
= 0 ,4 .
/,
c 340 /
l = 68 .
: t .
: t = 0,4 .
452(448).
:
2h = ct;
.
c = 1400 /,
ct 1400 / 0,6
h= =
= 420 .
t = 0,6 .
2
2

StudyPort.ru
: h.
128

: h = 420 .

 453(449). - .

-
- , (, ..),
. , , , ,
..
M , 12 C
12 .
, , .
/.
103. /. , , H 2 2 /=2103 /.
1

N A = 6,022 1023
. N A . -

m0 m0=

M
.
NA

StudyPort.ru
N A : =

M
.
NA

m
.
M
,

. .
m , =

v 2 =

v2

v12 + v22 + v32 + ...

,
N

129

 v1 , v2 , v3 , : , , ,
N. ,
v2 .

N V V: n =

N
.
V

p p = 1 m0 n v 2 .
3

() . p = 1 v 2 = 2 n E ,
3

, E =

m0 v 2
2

.
E

E = 3 kT ,
2

k . k=1,381023 /.
: p = nkT.
- pV = m RT ,

pV = const . T

R = kN A = 8,31

StudyPort.ru
, pV = const ( ),

,
,

V
=const ( ), T

p
=const ( ).
T

,
, .
p ( ). , . ,
.
p .
. 130

 p p
.
p: =
, =

.
, , . , . .
F, l,
F = l,
.
l
S, F l.
= E ,
= F , E ,
S

, =
454(450).
: m = 5,4 ,
2

= 2,7 10 /

l
.
l

.
=

5,4
m
=
= 2 102 .
2,7 103 /

: .
: = 2102 .
455(451).
:
.
= 500 ,
m = = 500 4,4 10 2 / = 22
2
= 4,4 10 / .
.
: m = 22 .
: m .
456(452).
:
. m = V = ;
= 0,2/,
0,2 / 100
V=
=
0,0015
= 13600 /3,

13600 / 3
= 100 .
3.
: V
: V 0,0015 3.

StudyPort.ru
131

 457(453).
:
.
1
=
0,207
m1 = 1V1 = 1; m2 = 2V2 = 2 ;
/,
V1 1 2
207 / 7 ,8 103 /3

=
=
1 = 11,3 10 3 /3
V2 2 1
119 / 11,3 103 /3
,
1,2;
=
0,119
2
m1 1
207 /
=
=
1,7.
/,
m2 2
119 /
3
3
2 = 7,8 10 / .
V
m
V1 m1
: 1 = 1,2 , 1 . = 1,7 .
,
.
V2
m2
V2 m 2
458(454).
.
:
3
VN 2 = 2 ,
1) 1
V0 , .

2) =

VN 2
V0

; VH 2 = V0 = V N 2 = 2 3.

3) V0 2 = 2 3.
: VH 2 = V N 2 = 2 3.

:
VH 2 , VN 2 .

459(455).
:

StudyPort.ru
.

23

N A = 6 ,04 10

m1 =

1 = 2 103 /

1
2 103
=
3,3 1027 ;
N A 6,04 1023 -1

m2 =

2 = 1 103

/.
: m1 ,m2 .
460(456).
:
= 44 /

,
m = 1 .

132

2
1 103
=
1,7 1027 .
N A 6,04 1023 -1

: m1 = 3,310 27 , m1 = 1,710 27

.
N = NA

m
1
= 6,04 1023
1,37 1022 .

44 /

: N
: N 1,371022.
461(457).
.
:
m
135
m = 135 ,
N = N A = 6 , 04 10 23
3 10 24 .

27 /
= 27 /.
: N
: N 31024.
462(458).
:
.
m
S = 20 2=0,02 2,
N = NA ;
6
h = 1 =10

,
N
m = Sh ; N = A Sh =
= 10,5 103 /3

,
6,04 1023 -1
= 10,5 103 /3
0,02 106
= 108 /.
108 /

: N
463(459).
:
N A , , , m, V

1,21020.
: N 1,21020.
.
m
V
1) N 2 = N A ; 2) m = V ; N 3 =
NA ;

3) N1 N3 V = 1 3, ..
N1 =

NA .

StudyPort.ru
:

: N 1 = N A , N 2 = m N A , N 3 = V N A .

N1 , N 2 , N 3

464(460).
:
n1 = 3 1016

18

n =8,5 10
3,
1 =201
/,
2 = 71
/.

. 1) n1 =
n1 = N A1

1 =

m
N1
; N1 = N A ; m1 = 1V ;
1
V

1 ;
M1

n11 3 1016 3 201 /

=
105 .
NA
6 1023-1

2)

n
8,5 1018 3 71 /
103 .
2 = 2 2 =
NA
6 1023-1

133

:
1 , 2 .
465(461).
:
d = 2,3 1010
,
= 2 /,
m = 1 =10
3
.

: 1 10 5 , 2 10 3 .
.
N = NA

m
m
; l = Nd ; l = dN A =

= 2 ,3 1010 6 1023 -1

103
= 6 ,9 1010 =
2

= 6,9 107 .
.
: l = 6,9107 .

: l
466(462).
:
m = 200 =0,2 ,
t = 20 =1,72810
6
,
= 1,8 10 2 /
.

.
m0 =
n=

m mN A
=
; N=
;
NA

m0

N mN A
0 ,2 6 1023 -1
=
=

t
t
1,8 102 / 1,728 106

3,9 1018 c-1 .

: n
: n 3,91018 1.
467(463).
.
: h = 10 ,
mN A mN A
S = 20 2= 2 1013
V = Sh ;
;
n=
=
2
V
Sh
,
m = 0,01 =10 5 N = nV = mN AV0 =
0
Sh
,
3
6
V0 = 2 = 2 10
0,01 6 1023 1 2 106 -3
6
=
= 10 .
3,
59 / 2 1013 2 10
= 59 /.
: N = 106.
: N
468(464).
:
.
= 2200 /
N .
3
m
m
,
V = 2 Nd 3 ; N = N A ; m = V ; V = ;

StudyPort.ru
134

: d

N=
d3 =

NA ; m =

N
N
= 2 Nd 3 ;
;V=
NA
N A

; d=3
2N A
2N A

469(465).
:
.
p2 = 4 p1
1
1
p1 = v12 ; p 2 = v22 ;
3
3
:
v
: 2 = 2.
v2
v1
v1
470(466).
.
:

2 = 32 /,
m01 = 1 ; m02 =
NA
1 = 2 /.

v2
=
v1

p2
= 4 =2.
p1

1
2
; p1 = m01nv 2 ;
NA
3

m
1
p

32 /
p2 = m02 nv 2 ; 2 = 02 = 2 =
= 16 .
3
p1 m01 1
2 /

p2
p1

471(467).
:
1
V2 = V1
3

p2
= 16.
p1

p1 =

1N
m0v 2 ;
3 V1

p2 =

1N
m0v 2 ;
3 V2

StudyPort.ru
p2
p1
472(468).
:
v = 500 /,
1,35
=
/3.
: p

p2 V1
=
=3.
p1 V2

p2
= 3.
p1

1
1
2
p = v 2 = 1,35 /3 ( 500 / ) 1,1 105 .
3
3

: p 1,1105 .

135

 473(469).
:
m = 6 ,
V = 5 3,
p = 200

.
1
1m 2
p = v 2 ; p =
v ;
3V
3
v=

3 pV
3 2 105 5 3
=
700 /.
m
6

=2105 .
: v
: v 700 /.
474(470).
:
.
5
1 2
3 pN A
p = 0 ,2 = 2 10
p= n
v ; n=
=
3
N
v 2
A
,
v = 700 /,
3
3 2 105 6 1023 -1
=
2 ,3 1025
2
2
2
= 2,8 10 /
2 ,8 10 / ( 700 / )
.
: n .
: n 2,31025 3.
475(471).
:
1
3 pN A
. 1) p = 1 1 v12 ; v1 =
=
1 = 2,8 102 /
3 NA
11
,
3 10100 6 1023 -1
=
= 490 /.
2 = 3,2 102 /
1,25 /3 2 ,8 10 2 /
,
1
3 pN A
1 = 1,25 /3,
2) p = 2 2 v22 ; v2 =
=
3 NA
2 2
2 = 1,43 /3,
p = 10100 .
3 10100 6 1023 -1
=
460 /.
3
2

StudyPort.ru
1,41 / 3,2 10 /

: v1 , v 2 .

476(472).
:
p = 20 ,= 2 104
,
n = 3 1025 3.

: E

136

: v1 = 490 /,
v2 460 /.
.
2
p = nE ;
3

E=

3 p 3 2 104
=
= 1021 .
2n 2 3 1025 -3

: = 10 21 .

 477(473).
.
:
E2 = 2 E1

p1 =

,
1
V2 = V1
3

p
2 m
2 3m
2m
E1 ; p 2 =
E2 =
2 E1 = 6 p1 ; 1 =
3 V1
p2
3 V2
3 V1

3.

.
:

p1
p2

478(474).
:
E = 6 ,21 10

p1
=3.
p2

21

E=

3
kT ;
2

T=

2 E 2 6 ,21 1021
=
= 300 .
3 k 3 1,38 1023 /

: = 300 .

: T
479(475).
:
E2 = 2 E1 ,

3
2

. E1 = kT1 ; E2 = 2 E1 =

3
kT2 = 3kT1 ;
2

T2 = 2T1 = 2 200 = 400 .

T1 = 73o =200

.
: T2
480(476).
:
T1 = 7o =280,
T2 = 350=308 .

: T2 = 400 .

StudyPort.ru
:

E2 E1
E1

481(477).
:
T = 290 ,
p = 0,8
=
=8105

E2 E1 E2
308
=
1 =
1 = 0,1 10%.
E1
E1
280

E2 E1
= 0,1 10%.
E1

.
3
3
21
;
E = kT = 1,38 1023 / 290 610
2
2

p = nkT ; n = p =
kT

8 105
1,38 1023 / 290

2 1026

.
137

: 610 21 , 21026 3.

:
E ,n

482(478).
.
:
p = 100 =105
p = nkT;
,
p
105
T=
=
72 .
25 3

23
n = 10 .
nk 1,38 10 / 1025 3
: T
483(479).
:
p
. p1 = n1kT1; n1 = 1 ; p2 = n2kT2;
p1 = 101325
kT1
,
T1 = 288,15 , n = p 2 ; n1 = p1 T2 = 101325 216,65 3,927 .
2
kT2 n2 T1 p2 288,15 19399
p1 = 19399
,
T2 = 216,65 .

n1
n2

484(480).
:
= 2 103 /
,
T = 270 =30
0.

n1
3,927.
n2

m0v 2 3
2

;
v = 3kT ;
= kT ; m0 =
NA NA
2
2

3kTN A
=

v=

StudyPort.ru
=

: v
485(481).
:
1 = 2 /,
2 = 32 /.

138

v1
v2

2 103 /

/.
: v = 1930 /.
.
v12
v 22

3 1,38 1023 / 300 6 1023 -1

1 v12 3
v2 3
= kT ; 2 2 = kT
NA 2 2
NA 2 2

2 v1
2
32 /
;
=
=
=4.
1
2 /
1 v2

v1
= 4.
v2

1930

 486(482).
:
v = 830 /,
= 2,810
2
/.

2
. v = 3 kT ;

NA 2

2 ,8 102 / ( 830 / )
v 2
=
776
3 N Ak 3 6 1023 -1 1,38 1023 /
2

T=

.
: T
: 776 .
487(483).
:
.
o
T1 = 30 =243
mv12 = 3kT1 ;
,

mv22 = 3kT2 ;

v2
T
303
= 2 =
1,1 .
v1
T1
243

T2 = 30o =303

.
:

v2
v1

488(484).
:
m = 1 ,
T ,v.

v2
1,1
v1

:
.
m = Nm0 ;

m0 =
N=

3kT
v2

m0v 2 3
= kT ;
2
2

m mv 2
=
m0 3kT

StudyPort.ru
2
m = 1 , N = v .

3kT

489(485).
:

v2
N =
3 kT

m = 1,75 1012

mv12 3
= kT
2
2

,
2

= 2,9 10 /

mv12 =

2 3
v2 = kT ;
2N A
2

2
v2 ;
NA

v2
mN A
=
=
v1

1,75 1012 6 1023 -1

2,9 102 /

6 106

.
139

: v2

v1

v2
v1

6106.

490().
.
:
2
m
P

= 2 ,9 10 /
PV = RT <=> P = RT <=> T =
= 300 K

3
P = 124
E = kT <=> E = 6, 2 10 21
3
2
= 1,6 /
P
1
: n, E, v ,
= 3 10 25 3
P = nkT <=> n =

kT
T-?
m v 2 v 2
2 EN A
E= 0 =
<=> v 2 =
=>
2
2N A

v=

2 EN A

= 480 /

491().- .
492(487).
:
. 1) l = 2r2t ;

=
0,108
r
2) r2 = vt , t = 2 , l = 2 r22 / v ,
/,
v
= 45 1,
2
-1
2
2 r2 2 3,14 45 c ( 0,16 )
l = 1,12 =

646
v =
l
0,0112
= 0,0112 ,
r1 = 1,2
= /;
3kT
3kN AT
3RT
0,012 ,
3) vT =
=
=
=
m

r2 = 16 =0,16
0
, T = 1500 .

3 8,31
1500

590 /.

StudyPort.ru
0 ,108 /

: v 646 /, v 590 /.
: v ,v
493(488).
:
. pV = RT ;
p = 200
pV 2 105 0 ,04 3
=
=
4 /
= 2 105 ,
RT 8,31 240

T = 240 ,
V = 40 = 0,04 3.
:
: = 4 .

140

 494(489).
:
m
mRT
. pV = RT ; p =
=
V = 20 = 0,02

V
3
,

2 8,31
285

= 2 ,9 102 /
=
8,2 106 .
3
2

2
,
9
10
/
0
,
02

,
T = 120 =285 ,
m = 2 .
: p
: p 8,2106 .
495(490).
:
.
m
RT m1
V = 25 =0,025
;
1) p1V = RT , p1 =
3
,
V 1
1
m1 = 20 =0,02
RT m2
2) : p2 =
;
,
V 2
m2 = 2 =0,002
,
1 = 410 2
/,
3)
2 = 4 103 /

,
RT m1 m2 8,31 301
P = P1 + P2 =
+
=

T = 301 .
V 1 2
0,025 3
0 ,02
0 ,002

+
= 10 .
4 10-2/ 4 10-3/

StudyPort.ru
: p.
496(491).
:
V = 64 3,
= 1,6 102 /
,
p = 105 ,
T = 273 .

: p = 105 .

.
pV =

m=

m
RT ;

pV
=
RT

1,6 102 / 105 64 3

8,31

: m

273

45 .

: 45 .

141

 497(492).
:
= 2,9 102 /
,
V1 = 1,45 3,
T = 200 = 293 ,
P = 100 = 105

= 861 /3.

.
m
pV1 = RT ;

m pV1
V2 = =
=
RT
=

861 /

8,31

293

210

.
: V2 = 210 3 3.
.

1 = 4 ,4 10 /

p1V =

m
m
RT ; p2V =
RT ;
1
2

p2 1 4 ,4 102 /
=
=
= 22.
p1 2
2 103 /
p
: 2 = 22.
p1

2 = 2 103 /

.
p2
p1

499(494).

2,9 102 / 105 1,45 3

pV1
;
RT

: V2
498(493).
:

m=

StudyPort.ru
:
1 = 1 ,
T1 = 260 ,
T2 = 390 ,
2 = 2 .
:

142

.
1) pV = 1 RT1 = RT1 ;
2) pV = 2 RT2 = 2RT1 ;
3) pV = 1 RT2 = 1,5RT1

 500(495).
:
T = 15o =288

.
m (1 )
m
p1V = RT ; p2V =
R (T T )

= 0,4 ,

p2 (1 )(T T )
T
=
= (1 ) 1
=
p1
T
T

T = 8 =8

8K

= (1 0 ,4 ) 1
0 ,6 .
288
K

p2
p1
501(496).
:
1 = 32 /
,
2 = 16 /
.

p2
0,6.
p1

.
1) pV =
2) pV =

m
RT , 1 p = 1 RT ;
1

m
RT , 2 p = 2 RT ;
2

3) 1 = 1 = 32 / = 2 .
2

: 1

502().
:
=1,29
/3
: ?

16 /

: 1 =2
2

StudyPort.ru
pV =

m
RT <=> P = RT <=> = RT

..: P = 105 , T293K

=

1, 29
8,31 293 0,03 / 3
105

: =0,03 /3.

503(498).
:
T = 750 ,
p
=
= 9,12 106 ,

.
9120

= 4 ,4 102 /.

=
=

p
=
RT

4,4 102 / 9,12 106

8,31

750

64 /3 .

143

: 64 /3.

:
504(499).
:
p = 105 ,
T = 273 ,
1 = 2 ,8 10

. p1V =
p 2V =

m1
m p
RT ; 1 = 1 1 ;
1
V
RT

m2
m
p
RT ; 2 = 2 2 ; p = p1 + p2 ;
2
V
RT

m1 + m2 m1 m2
1
=
+
=
( 1 p1 + 2 p2 ) ;
V
V
V
RT
m
m
p1 m1
; p1 = p2 1 ; p1 = p p2 = p2 1 ;
=
m
m
p 2 m2
2
2

2 = 4,4 10 /

,
m1 = 56 = 5,6 102

m
m + m2
p = p2 1 + 1 = 1
p2 ;
m2
m2

, m2 = 44 = 4,4 102
.

p2 =
=
=

m2
m1
p ; p1 = p p2 =
p;
m1 + m2
m1 + m2

p
( 1m1 + 2m2 ) =
RT ( m1 + m2 )
105

8,31

(5,6 102 + 4,4 102 )

2 ,8 10 2 / 5 ,6 10 2 +

+4 , 4 10 2 / 4 , 4 10 2 = 1,5 / 3 .

: .
505(500).
:
S = 20 2,
h = 2,5 ,
T1 = 288 ,
T2 = 298 ,

: = 1,5 / .

StudyPort.ru
= 2 ,9 102 ,
p = 100 =105

. pSh =

m
m m
RT1 ; pSh =
RT2 ;

mT1 = (m m )T2 ; m(T2 T1 ) = mT2 ;

T
pSh
m = m 1 1 ; m =
;
T
RT1
2

m =

pSh T1
1 =
RT1 T2

105 20 2 2 ,5 2 ,9 102 /
8,31

288
1
2 .
298

144

288

: m
506(501).
:
= 2,9 102 /
,
V = 0,1 3,
T1 = 340 ,
T2 = 290 ,
p = 100 =105
.

: 2 .
. 1) pV =

m1
pV
;
RT1 ; m1 =

RT1

m
m p m + m1
;.

RT2 ; = =
RT2
V

V
2) m ,
m + m1 = V ; m = V m1 ;
pV =

m=
=

pV 1 1
=
R T2 T1

2 ,9 102 / 105 0 ,1 3
8,31

1
1
2

= 1,8 10 = 18 .
290 340
3) m < 18 .

: m
507(502).
: p1 = 0,2 ,

: = 18 .
.

T1 = 15o =288,

V1 = 5 , p2 = 0 ,1 ,
T2 = 273 .

V2 = V1

p1V1 p2V2
;
=
T1
T2

p1 T2
0,2 273
= 5

10
0,1 288
p2 T1

StudyPort.ru
: V2
508(503).
:
T1 = 50o =323,

T2 = 250o =523,

V1 = 0 ,75 ,

V2 = 0 ,12 ,
p1 = 80 .

: p2

: V2 10 .

p1V1 p 2V2
;
=
T1
T2

p 2 = p1

V1 T2
=
V2 T1

= 80

0,75 523

810 .
0,12 323

: p2 810 .

145

 509().
: P = 405,2
T = 300K
S = 202
t = 20
m = 8,4

: v - ?
510(505).
:
T1 = 50o =323,

m
mRT
RT <=> V =
P

l V mRT
= 1,3 / .
v= = =
t St StP
PV =

: v = 1,3 /.
.
p1V1 p2V2
;
=
T1
T2

1
V1 ,
17
P2 = 50 P1 .
V2 =

T2 = T1

: T2
511(506).
:
T2 = 2T1 ,

P2V2
1
= 323 K 50 = 950 K.
PV
17
1 1

: T2 = 950 .
.

p2 p1
1
= 25% = .
4
p1

5
p2 p1 p2
1
=
1 = ; p2 = p1 = 1, 25 p1 ;
4
p1
p1
4
p1V1 p2V2
=
T1
T2

V2 p1 T2
=
= 1,25 2 = 2 ,5.
V1 p2 T1

: V2 = 2,5.

V2
.
V1

V1

512(507).
:
1 1 = P2V2 . ..
. PV
P = 110 ,6
T1
T2
4%,
,
T1 = 7o =280 V2 V1 .
P1 T1
,

= ;
P2 T2
P1 = 108 ,

StudyPort.ru
0,

146

T2
310
P1 =
108 120 > P .
280
T1

T2 = 37o =31

P2 =

= 4% .
: P2 .

, .
.

 513(508).
:

1
V2 = V1 ,
2
P = P2 P1 = 120

,
T T
= 2 1 = 10% = 0
T1

PV
1 1 = P2V2 ; P = P + P ;
2
1
T1
T2

T2 = T1 + T1 = ( + 1) T1 ;

PV
P + P
1 1 = ( P1 + P )V1 ;
;
P1 = 1
2 ( + 1) T1
T1
2 ( + 1)
P1 =

P
120
=100 .
=
( 2 + 1) 2 0,1 + 1

: P1 = 100
: P1 .
514(509).
, . .
515(510).
.
:
1
1)
PlS = P1 ( l + l1 ) S ;
l1 = l ,
3
P1
l
1
1
3
=
=
=
= = 1,5 ;
1
P l + l1 1 + l1 1 1 2
l2 = l .
3
l
3

2) PlS = P2 ( l + l2 ) S ; P1 =
P2

1
1+

l2
l

1
1+

1
3

3
= 0,75 .
4

P1
P
= 1,5, 2 = 0 ,75.
P
P

StudyPort.ru
P1 P2
, .
P P

516(511).
:
V1 = 8 ,
V2 = 5 ,
P = 60

PV1 = (P + P )V2 ; P(V1 V2 ) = PV2 ;

V2
5
P = P
= 60
= 100 .
85
V1 V2

.
: P = 100 .
: P.
517(512).
:
.
P2 = 1,5P1
P1V = P2 (V V ) ;
,
P1V = 1,5P1 (V V ) ; V = 1,5V 1,5V ;
V = 30
0,5V = 1,5V ; V = 3V = 3 30 = 90 .
.
147

: V = 90 .

V.

518(513).
:
V = 0,5 ,
V1 = 0,3 ,

P0 (V V1 ) = P (V V1 + V ) ;

( P0 P ) (V V1 ) = PV ;

P0 = 10 ,

V =

P = 80 =0,8105

: V .
519(514).
:
= 103 /3,
h = 6 ,
V1 = 10 3,
p0 = 10 5 .

P0 P
(V V1 ) =
P
105 0,8 105
0,8 105

( 0,5 0,3 ) = 0,05 .

: V = 0,05 .
.

( p0 + gh )V1 = p0V2 ;
V2 = V1

p0 + pgh
pgh
= V1 1 +
=
p0
p0

103 /3 10 / 2 6
3
= 10 3 1 +
= 16 .
5

10

: V2 .
520(515).
:
P0 = 105 ,

.
P0V0 = ( P0 + gh )V ; V = V0

P0
;
P0 + gh

StudyPort.ru
= 103 /3,
h = 50 = 0,5 ,
3
V0 = 5 = 510
3
3
,
Vmax = 1 2.
: N .

N=

Vmax gh
1 +
=
V0
P0
=

10.

148

Vmax Vmax P0 + gh
=
=
V
V0
P0

103 /3 10 /2 0,5
1 +
=2

105

1 3
3

5 10

 521(516).
:
S = 24 2

.
V

+ l1 S ; P0V = P1V + P1l1S ;

S

l1S
V
; F1 = ( P0 P1 ) S = P0 S
=
P1 = P0
V + l1S
V + l1S

1) P0V = P1

= 2410
,
V = 240 3

3 2

,
P0 = 100

,
l1 = 2 ,

= 105 2 , 4 103 2

2 24 2
240 3 + 2 24 2

= =40

. 2) , : F2 = P0 S l2 S

V + l 2 S

l2 = 2 .

= 105 2 , 4 103 2

2 24 2
240 3 2 24 2

= 60

.
, F2 F1 .
: F1,
: F1 = 40 , F2 = 60 .
F2.
522().
:
. :
V = 3
m0 , V = 45 ,
n =9
m , 1
t = 1c
,
P0
m ,
.
m
m
m'
:t-?.
PV = 0 RT ; nP0V = RT ; PV ' =
RT

StudyPort.ru
0

t m m0 nPV
V (n 1)
PV
0
N= =
= 0
=
= 120
t'
m'
PV
V'
0 '

=> t = 120c = 2 .
: t = 2 .

149

 523(518).
:
h , P2 = nP1

.
P1S

h
h

= PS h ;
2
2

h
h

= PS + h ;
2
2

h
h
P1
h + 2h
= 2
=
;
h
P2
+ h h 2h
2
nh 2nh = h + 2h ;
(n 1)h = 2(n + 1)h ;
n 1
h = h
.
2(n + 1)
P2 S

h .

524(519).
:
h = 60 =0,6

,
.

: h = h

n 1
.
2(n + 1)

.
2
3

1) P0S h = PS ( h l ) ;

P0 = 76 ..

2
h
;
P = P0
3 (h l)

105 ,
= 1,36 104 /

2) P0 = P + gl ;

StudyPort.ru
3.

P0 =

2
h
+ gl ;
P0
3 hl

3P0 h 3P0l = 2 P0 h + 2glh 3gl 2 ;

3gl 2 3(P0 + gh )l + P0h = 0 ;

l1 =

3 ( P0 + gh ) 9 P02 + 6 P0gh + 92 g 2 h 2
6g

= 0,12 ;
l2 =

: l .
150

3 ( P0 + gh ) + 9 P02 + 6 P0gh + 92 g 2h 2

, ,
l = l1 = 0,12 .
: l = 0,12 .

6g

>h

 525().
:

h = 40

P0 = P1 + g h

h = 5

P01 = P2 + g( h + 1 )

P0
750
..

:
P 01.

m RT
S h
m RT
P2 =
S ( h 1)
h h
h
+ g( h + 1
P01 = P0
) = 778 ...
h 1
h 1
P1 =

: P 01 =778 ...

526(521).
:
= 2 ,9 102 /

StudyPort.ru
,

P0 = 105 ,

P = 0,17 =

( P + P0 )V =

= 1,7 10 ,
T = 0 = 273 .

m
RT ;

( P + P0 )
RT

2 ,9 102 1,7 105 + 105

8,31

273

3,45 /3.
: .

: 3,45 /3.

151

 527(522).
:
T2 = 27 C=300 ,
T2 = 77 =350 ,
V1 = 6 .

.
V1 V2
;
=
T1 T2

: V2 .

V2 = V1

528(523).
:
T1 = 20o =293

T2
350
= 6
= 7 .
T1
300

.
1) P0V =

m1
RT1 ;

m2
RT2 ; T11 = T22 ;

2 T1
= ;
1 T2

= 0,2 .

PV
0 =

2) (1 )V1 = V 2 ;
2
= 1 ;
1
3)

T1
T
293
= 1 ; T2 = 1 =
366 .
1 1 0,2
T2

: T2 336 .
: T2 .
529(524).
.
:

StudyPort.ru
T2 = 1,4T1

V = 40

3.

V1 .

152

V + V
V1 V1 + V
; V1 = 1
; V = 0,4V1 ;
=
T1
T2
1,4

V1 =

V 40 3
3
=
= 100 .
0,4
0,4

: V1 = 100 .

530(525).
:
.
lS (l + l )S
T = 3

=
; l (T + T ) = (l + l )T ;
T
T + T
lT + lT = lT + lT ; lT = lT ;

=280 ,

T = 20

l = l

l = 14

T
20
= 14 c
= 1 .
T
280

.
: l = 1 .

l .

531(526).
:
T = 3 ,

V V + V
=
;
V
T T + T
= 1% = 0,01
VT = VT ;
V

T = T

: T .
532(527).
PV =

RT ;

VT + VT = VT + VT ;

V
3
=
= 300 .
V 0,01

: T = 300 .
P
R

= T ;

..

P
= const , , , T = const.
R

StudyPort.ru
533(528).
:
1 = 3,2 102 /3,
2

2 = 2 ,8 10 /

T2 = 273 .

.
P0V =

P0V =

1
m

RT1 ;

RT2 ;

P0V T1
=
;
Rm 1

P0V T2 T1 T2
;
;
=
=
Rm 2 1 2

T1 =

1
3,2 102 /3
T2 =
273 = 312 .
2
2 ,8 102 /3

: T1.
: T1 = 273.
534(529).
, , , , .
153

 535(530).
, . . .
536(531).
:
.
P1 P2
T1 = 27o =300 ,
=
;
P1 = 75 ,

T1

T2 = 13o =260

P2 = P1

T2

T2
260
= 75
= 65 .
T1
300

: P2 .
537(532).
:
T1 = 7o =280 ,
P1 = 80 ,
P2 = 100 .

: P2 = 65 .

: T2 .
538(533).
:
T1 = 13o =260

: T2 = 350 .

.
P1 P2
;
=
T1 T2
T2 = T1

P2
100
= 280
= 350 .
80
P1

.
P1 + P0 P2 + P0
=
;
T1
T2

StudyPort.ru
P1 = 160 ,

P0 = 100 ,

T2 = 37o =310

P2 =

T2
( P1 + P0 ) P0 =
T1

310
(160 + 100 ) 100 = 210 .
260

: 210 .
: P2 .
539(534).
.
:
P1
P2
T = 140 , P2 = 1,5P1 .
;
=
T T + T
1
1,5
;
=
T T + T

: T
154

0,5T = T ;
T = 2T = 2 140 = 280 .
: T = 280 .

 540(535).
:
2
S = 2,5

T0

2 ,5 104 2,

,
T0 = 3o = 270 .

: T .
541(536).
PV =

2) F = (P P0 )S ; P = P0 + F / S ;

F = 12 ,
P0 = 100

.
1) P0 = P ;

105

3) T = T0 P = T0 1 + F = 270
P0

SP0

12
1 + 5
400 .
4 2
10 2 ,5 10

: T = 400 .

m
RT ;
1

) m1 = m2 = m ; V1 > V2 ; P1 =

mR
T ; P2 = T ; =
;
V1
V2
1

,
T : P1(T ) P2 (T2 ) .
) m1 > m2 ; V1 = V2 = V ; P1 = m1T ; P2 = m2T ; =

R
;
V1

,
T : P1(T ) P2 (T ) .
P1(T ) = P2 (T ) T = 0 .
.. , " " " "
" <" " >" .
542(537).
:
.
R
1 , 2 .
1) PV1 = RT ; P =
T ; P = tg1 T .
V1

StudyPort.ru
:
V2
.
V1

, V1 ctg1 .
2) V2 ctg 2 .
V
ctg 2
3) 2 =
.
V1 ctg1
V
ctg 2
.
: 2 =
V1 ctg1

155

 543(538).
T
;
V
2) V = V0 + kT ;

1) P =

3) P =

;
=
V0 + kT k + V0
T

P (T ) .
P(T2 ) > P(T1 ) .
544(539).
, , CD , DA
.

P
B

V
C

545(540).
1 2 ; 2 3 ; 2 3 .
3 4:
T
P (T ) = P0 + kT ; V (P, T ) = ; V (T ) = T = .
P0 + kT k + P0
P

StudyPort.ru
T

P0 < 0 . 3 4 .
546(541).
.. ,
.
547(542).
- .
548(543).
.
:
o
T = 14
5 , T = 14o
, P = 1 .
P = 1,6 > P .
, .
156

 549(544).
.
:
o
T = 25
5 , T = 25o
,
3
= 23 / .
= 23 /3 = .
, .
550(545).
.
:
V = 5 = 0,005
m 0 ,05
3
3, m = 50 =
= =
= 10 / ;
V 0,005
0,05 .
5 , = 10 /3 -

T = 11o .
: T = 11o .

: T .
551(546).
.
:
S = 10 2=10 3
1) 5 ,
2,
o
T = 20o = 17,3 /3.
T = 20 ,
h = 15 = 0,15
2) m = Sh = 17,3 / 3 10 3 2 0,15
.
2,6 10 3 = 2,6 .
: m .
: m 2,6 .
552(547).
:
.
1) 5 , V = 2 =0,002
3,
T = 20o 1 = 17 ,3 /3,
T1 = 20o ,
T = 5o = 6,8 /3.

StudyPort.ru
T2 = 5o .

2)

m = V ( 1 2 ) = 0,002 3 17 ,3 /3 6 ,8 /3

: m .

0,02 = 20 .
: m 20 .

157

 553(548).
:
= 0,02 /3
2 10

.
P=

2 105 /3

8,31

RT =

0 ,2 /

/ ,
293 = 0,24 .
T = 20o = 293 ,
= 0,2 /.
: P .
: P = 0,24 .
554(549).

: T1 = 0o = 273 ,
. P2 = 2 RT2 ; P1 = 1 RT1 ;

P1 = 24,7 ,
2 P2T1 123 273
=
=
4 ,34.
1 PT
24 ,7 313
1 2

T2 = 40o = 313 ,
P2 = 123 .

2
.
1
555(550).
:
T1 = 5 o = 278

,
T2 = 50o

323 .

:
.

2
4,34.
1

549,

2 P2T1
; .. m0 n1 = 1 , m0n2 = 2 ,
=
1 PT
1 2

m0 , n2 = P2T1 .
n1

P1T2

5 , T1 = 5o P1 = 0,93 ,

StudyPort.ru

T2 = 50o

P2 = 12,3

n2 12,3 278
=
11.
n1 0,93 323

n2
: n2 11.
.
n1
n1
556(551).
.
557(552).
, - , .

158

 558(553).
:
. , o

.
T = 19

5
.
T = 19o . P = 2,2 . , T = 19o .
:
: P = 2,2 .
P.
559(554).
.
560(555).
, ..
.
561(556).
- .
562(557).
- , .
563(558).

. , ,
.
564(559).
- .
565(560).
. , ..
.
566(561).
:
. 5 , o
T = 19 T = 19o P = 2,2 .
,
P = 1,1
P
1,1
=
=
= 0,5 = 50%.
.
P 2,2
:
: = 50%.
.

StudyPort.ru
159

 567(562).
:
.
V = 4 3
m
, T = 16o ,
1) = ;
V
m = 40 .
2) 5 , T = 16o = 13,6 /3.

3) =
:

m
40
=
=
0,74 = 74% .
V 4 3 13,6 /3

:
74%.

568(563).
.
:
T1 = 18o

5 , T1 = 18o 1 = 15,4 /3, T2 = 10o

,
T2 = 10o .

3
2 = 9,4 /3 ; = 2 = 9,4 / 3 0,61 = 61%.

15,4 /

: 61%.

:
.

569(564).
.
:
T1 = 16o

5 , T1 = 16o P1 = 1,81 , T2 = 12o

P2 = 1,4 ; P = 1P1 ;

StudyPort.ru
,

T2 = 12o ,

1 = 65% =
= 0 ,65

2 =

P
P
1,81
= 1 1 = 0,65
0 ,84 = 84%.
1,4
P2
P2

:
: 2 84%.
2.
570(565).
:
.
T1 = 16o

, T2 = 8o ,
1 = 55% =
= 0 ,55.

160

5 , T1 = 16o
P1 = 1,81 ,
T2 = 8o P2 = 1,06 .; P = 1P1 ;

2.

2 =

P
P
1,81
= 1 1 = 0 ,55
0 ,94 = 94%;
P2
P2
1,06

2 94% < 100%, , .

571(566).
.
:
V = 10
1) 5 , T = 20o =
= 17,3 /3.
=0,01
m
3,
2) = ;
m = 0,13

, T = 20o .
.

m
0,13
3) =
=
=
0 ,75 = 75%.
V 0,01 3 17 ,3 /3

: . 75%.

572(567).
:
.
5 , T1 = 20
T1 = 20o ,
1 = 17 ,3 /3,
= 60% = 0,6 ,
T1=8 2 = 8,3 /3;
V = 1 3,
m = V ( 1 2 ) = 1 3 0 ,6 1,73 /3 8,3 /3 2.
T2 = 8o .

: m.
: m = 2 .
573(568).
:
. 1) 5 ,
m = 0,4 .
T = 17o
T = 290 =17
m
0,4
= 14,5 /3. V =
=
0,028
, V = 40 =

14,5
/3

3
=0,04 .
3.
.. .

StudyPort.ru
2) =

m
0 ,4
=
= 10 /3. 5 V 0 ,04 3

, = 10 /3

:
V.

T = 11o . .. .
3) .
T,
: T = 11o , V = 0,028 3.
161

 574(569).
.
:
o

T = 16

(T T =16 8 = 8 C)
o

,
o

T = 8 ,

= 30% ,

.. -

= 30%

: = 30%.

575(570).
:
. 6 ,
T = 10o , = 60% = 0,6 , T T = 14 10 = 4o C .

TC = 14 .

:
P, .

5 ,
TC = 14o

P = 1,6 ,

= 12,1 /3, P = P = 0,6 1,6 = 0,96 ,

= = 0,6 12,1 = 7 ,26 /3.
,

: = 60%, P = 0,96 , = 7,26 /3.

StudyPort.ru
162

 576(571).
:
.
o
T = 4 ,
1) T = 4o
o
,
T1 = 10 ,
.
o
T2 = 16 .
5 :
P0 = 0,81 .
2) 5
T1 =10o :
P1 = 1,23 ,

T2 =16o :
P2 = 1,81 .
3) 1 = P0 = 0,81 0,66 = 66%.
P1

1,23

6 T1 T1 = 3o .
,

T1 = 10 3 = 7o .

4)

2 =

P0 0,81
=
0,45 = 45%.
P2 1,81

6 T2 T2 = 6o .
,

'
o
T2 = 16 6 = 10 .

StudyPort.ru
-

: T1 ,T2 .

: T1 = 7o C , T2 = 10o C.

577(572).
- .
578(573).
.
:
= 40 /=
F = 2l = 2 4 10 2 / 3 10 2 =
2
= 2,4 10 3 = 2,4 ;
= 4 10 /,
A = 2S = 2lx =
l = 3 = 3 102 ,
= 2 4 10 2 / 3 10 2 2 10 2 =
x = 2 = 2 102 .
= 4,8 105 = 48 .
: F, A.
: F = 2,4 , A = 48 .

163

 579(574).
.
:
2
1) -
1 = 73 /= 7,310 x
.
/,
2) F = l ( 1 2 ) = 4 10 2
2 = 40 /= 4 102 /,
7,3 10 2 / 4 10 2 / =
l = 4 = 4 102 .
= 1,32 103 = 1,32 .
: F.
: F = 1,32 .
580(575).
:
.
mg = d ;
d = 1,2 =

= 1,2 103 ,
= 7,3 10 2 /.

: m.
581().
:
d = 2
n = 40
m = 1,9

:
582(577).
:
n1 = 40 ,
n2 = 48 .

m=

d
g

3,14 1,2 10 3 7,3 10 2 /

10 / 2

2,8 105 = 28 .

F
mg
=
= 0, 074 / .
2 r n 2 r

: = 0,074 /.
.

StudyPort.ru
2
.
1
583(578).
:
l = 31 ,
d = 34 ,
k = 0,5 /.

: .
164

m
m
= d 1 ;
= d 2 ;
n1
n2

2 n1 40
=
=
0,83 .
1 n2 48

: 2 = 0,83.
1

.
kl = 2d ;

kl 0,5 / 31

0,073 /.
2d 2 3,14 34
: = 0,073 /.

 585(579).
- , . ,
, , .
585(580).
, .
586(581).
.
587(582).
, - , , .
588(583).
.
:
d = 0,5 =5
mg = d ;
104 ,

= 7 ,3 102 /.

: m.
589(584).
:
= 103 /3,
d = 0,2 = 2 104 ,

m=

d 3,14 7 ,3 102 / 5 104

g
10 / 2

1,15 105 =11,5 .

: m = 1,15 .
.

gdhx = 2x ;

StudyPort.ru
= 7 ,3 102 /.

2
2 7,3 10 2 /
= 3
=
gd 10 / 3 10 / 2 2 10 4
= 7,3 102 .
: h = 7,3 102 .
h=

: h.
590(585).
, .. .

165

 591(586).
:
1 = 1000/3,

1 = 7 ,3 102 /,
2 = 800 /3,

h1

1
;
1

2 = 2 ,2 102 /.

h2

2
;
2

h2 1 2 2,2 10 2 / 1000 /3
=
=
0,38
h1 2 1
7,3 10 2 / 800 /3

h1
h
.
: 1 0,38.
h2
h2
592(587).
:
.
= 800/3,
ghR 2 = 2R ;
h = 1,2 =0,01
2
2 2,2 102 /
4
=
R=
4,6 10
2
,
gh 800 /3 10 /2 0,012
= 2,2 102 /. =
= 0,46 .
: R.
: R = 0,46 .
593(588).
:
.
=
r = 0,5
r 2 hg = 2 r;
4
5 10 , h = 11 =
2
2 2 , 2 102 /
=
=
=
2
4

1,1 10 , = 2,2 /
rgh 5 10 10 / 2 1,1 102
=
= 800 /3.
2
= 2,2 10 /.
: .
: = 800 /3.
594(589).
:
.
4
= 1,36 10 /
2
3
,
d = 3
=
d hg = d ;
4
3
3 10 ,
4
4 0 ,51 /
=

h=
= 510 / =
d g 3 103 1,36 104 /3 10 / 2
= 0,51 /.
0,005 = 5.

StudyPort.ru
166

: h = 5.
: h.
595(590).
, - .
596(591).
:
.
1 = 103 /3,
1) r12 h1' 1g = 2r1 1 ;
h1 = 2,6 = 0,026 ,
r22 h1'' 1g = 2r21 ;
1 = 7 ,3 102 /,

h2 = 1 = 0,01 ,

2 = 0,8 103 /3.

h1' =

2 1
21
; h1'' =
;
1g r1
1gr2

h1 = h1'' h1' =

21 1 1
.
1g r1 r2

22 1 1
.
2 g r1 r2
1
2
;
3)
=
h11 h22

2) : h2 =

2 = 1

h22
=
h11

= 7 ,3 102 /

0 ,01 0 ,8 103 /3
0 ,026 103 /3

2,2510 2 /.
: 2 2,2510 2 /.

: 2.
597(592).
- .
598().
, .
599().
. .
600(595).
) ;
);
) ;
) ;
) ;
) .
601(596).
.
602(597).
.

StudyPort.ru
167

 603(598).
, , .
604(599).
:
.
d = 2
4mg
4 10 10
= 2 103 , m = 10 .
=

3, 2 107
2
3

3
14
2
10
,
:
605(600).
.
:
d 2 = 3d1.
1
1

d2 1
1 2 ; 2 2 ; 2 = 12 = .
1 d 2 9
d2
d1

2
1
606(601).
:
l = 5 ,
S = 100 2 = 0,01
2
,
F = 10 = 104 ,
l = 1 = 0,01 .
: , .
607(602).
:
l = 2 ,
= 35

3,5 107 ,
E = 70

2 1
= .
1 9

.
F
104
=
= 106 ;
S 0,01 2
l 0 ,01
=
=
= 0,002. .
l
5
=

: = 106 , = 0,002

StudyPort.ru

7 1010 .
: l, .
608(603).
:
E = 210 = 2,1 1011
, = 0,001 .
: .

168

= E ; =

3,5 107
=
= 5 104 ;
E 7 1010

l = l = 2 5 10 4 = 10 3 .

: l = 103 , = 5 104.

.
= E = 0,001 2,1 1011 = 2,1 108
.
: = 2,1 108 .

 609(604).
:
E1 = 100 ,
E2 = 210 .

.
1 E1 = E 2 2 ;

1
.
2

1
= 2,1.
2

610(605).
:
l = 3 ,
E = 210
=
11
2,1 10 ,
S = 1 2 = 10 6 2,
.
F = 210 .

1 E2 210
=
=
= 2,1.
2 E1 100

.
F
= E ;
S
F
210
=
=
= 103
S E 2 ,1 1011 106 -6

l = l = 3 103 = 3 .

: = 10 3 , l = 3 .

: , l.
611(606).

E =

= 2 1010 .
612(607).
:
l = 4 ,
S = 0 ,5 2=5107 2,

3
=
= 20000 =
1,5104

.
l
F
l
; F = 2SE
=
= 2E
S
l
l

StudyPort.ru
= 2 5107 2 2,1 1011
l = 2 = 2 103 ,
2 10-3
E = 2,1 1011 .

=
4

: F.
613(608).
:
d1 = 0,2

,
d 2 = 0,4 .

:
1
.
2

= 52,5 .
: F = 52,5 .

.
1

d1

d2

; 2
2

;
2

1 d 22 ( 0 ,4 )
=
=
= 4.
2 d12 ( 0 ,2 )2
2

1
= 4.
2

169

 614(609).
:

1
l2 = l1 ,
2
S2 = 2S1 .

1)

F
F
= E1 ;
= E 2 ;
S
S1
2

2 S1 1
=
= ;
1 S2 2

2) 1 =
:
2
,
1

l1
.
l2

615(610).
:
l2 = 2l1 ,
d 2 = 2d1 .

l1
l
l l
1 l
1
; 2 = 2 ; 2 1 = ; 2 = .
l1
l2
l2 l1 2 l1 4
2 1 l2 1
= ,
= .
1 2 l1 4

.
F
l
=E 1;
S1
l1
F
l
=E 2 ;
S2
l2
l2 S1 l2
=
;
l1 S2 l1
S1 =
S2 =

d12 ;

d 22 ;

StudyPort.ru
l2 d12 l2
=
=2.
l1 d 22 l1

l2
l1

:
.

: l 2 = 2.

616(611).
:
d = 0,12

l1

S = d2 ;

1,2 104 , F = 7,5 .

4
F 4F
= = 2
S d

4 7,5

.
: .
170

314
, 1,2 10

: . = 6,6 108 .

6,6 108

 617(612).
:
d = 2 = 2 103 ,
m=2
=
2 103 ,
= 5 108 .

.
=
N=

4mg
2

4 2 103 10

3,14 2 103 5 108

13.

: N 13.

: N.
618(613).
:
= 1,13 104 /3,

.
ghS = S ;

= 1,5 107 .
: h.
619(614).
:
m1 , l1 , m2 ,

4mg

d 2 N

h=

1,5 107
=
135 .
g 113
, 104 /3 10 /2

: h = 135 .
.
m1g = SE

l1 l0
;
l0

m2 g = SE

l2 l0
;
l0

m2 l2 l0 ;
=
m1 l1 l0

m2l1 m2l0 = m1l2 m1l0 ;

m2l1 m1l2 .
m2 m1

StudyPort.ru
l0 =

l0 .

: l0 = m2l1 m1l2 .
m2 m1

620(615).
:
= 10
;
T = 270 C
=
= 300 K.

.
U=

3
RT= 10 8,31
300 3,74 104.
2

2

: U 3,74104 .

171

 621(616).
:
m = 200 ;
= 4 /;
= 200 =
20K.

: U
622(617).
:
1 = 4
/;
2 = 40
/

.
U =

3 m
RT =
2 M

3 200

=
8,31
20 1,25 105.
2 4 /

: U 1,25105 .

.
U1 =

3 m

RT ;
2 M1

U2 =

3 m

RT ;
2 M2

U1 M1 40 /
=
=
= 10.
4 /
U2 M2

:
U1
.
U2

U1
= 10.
U2

623(618).
.
:
) ;
) ;
) .
624(619).
.
:
V = 60 3;
3 m
U = RT ;
p = 100 =
2 M
105.
m

StudyPort.ru
pV =

U=

: U

172

RT ;

3
3
pV = 105 60 3 = 9 106 .
2
2

: U = 9106 .

p1;

625(620).
:
p1 = 1,2
V2 =

1
V1
3,6

.
3 m
RT1 ;
2 M

1) U1 =
p1V1 =

3
m
RT1 ; U 1 = p1V1 .
M
2

m
3
3 m

RT2 ; p 2V2 =
RT2 ; U 2 = p 2V2 .
2 M
M
2
U 2 P2V2 1,2 p1V1 1
3)
=
=
= .
U1 PV
p1V1 3,6 3
1 1

2) U 2 =

:
U2
U1

1
U2
= .
U1
3

626(621).
, .. .
627(622).
.
:
S = 12 = 10
A = pV = pSl ;
2 2
;
mg
p = p0 +
;
m = 10 ;
S
p0 = 100 ;
A = p0 Sl + mgl = ( p0 S + mg ) l =
l = 20 = 0,2

= 105 10 2 2 + 10 10 3 0,2 = 220 .

StudyPort.ru
: .

: = 220 .

173

 628().
:

= 4

P = 3p
n =3
T1
=
250K

A = (V2 V1 )(3 p p ) = 2V 2 p
1 :3 p V2 = RT1 <=> V2 =

RT
3p

2 RT
=> A =
2 p = 11.
3p

:
: = 11.
629(624).
:
.
, .
pV1 = RT1 ; pV2 = RT2 ;
A = p(V2 V1 ) = R(T2 T1 );
T = T2 T1; A = RT .
:
: A = RT .
.
630(625).
:
.
1 = 2
624, /;
:
2 = 32
m
m
2 / 1
A
M
A1 =
RT ; A2 =
= .
RT ; 2 = 1 =
/.
A1 M 2 32 / 16
M
M

StudyPort.ru
1

: A2
A1

631().
:
m = 200
T = 20K
P = Const
: A, Q - ?

: A2 = 1 .
A1

16

.
m
0, 2
RT =
8,31 20 = 1,2.

29 103
5m
Q = U + A =
RT = 2,8.
2
A = PV =

: A = 1,2 , Q = 1,8 .
174

 632(627).
:
.
1) 624,
= 800 ;
,
T = 500 K;

Q = 9,4 =
A = RT = 800 8,31
500 3,3 106

=
2) U = Q A = 9,4 106 3,3 106 = 6,1 106
9,4 10 6 ;
: A, U
: 3,3106 , U = 6,1106 .
633(628).
:
.
1) c P T = U + pV ; cV T = U .
c = 1,05 / ( ) ;
, c P > cV .
cV = 0 ,75 / ( ) ;
m = 1 ;
T = 1 K ;

2) A = RT =

m
RT =
M

M = 2 ,8 102 /.

: A.
634(629).
:

: 297 .

c = 900 /;
m = 160 = 0,16 ;
M = 3,2 102 /;

2 ,8 102 /

8,31

1 297 .

.
c P m(T2 T1 ) = U +

m
R(T2 T1 );
M

0,16
U = T1 cPm R = 300 (900

StudyPort.ru
T1 = 27o = 300 K ;
T2 = 2T1 .

0,16

3,2 102 /

A=

8,31

m
RT1 =
M

0,16

3,2 10-2

8,31

300 1,2 104 ;

Q = cP mT1 = 0,16 900

A., Q, U

) 3104 .

300 4,3 104

: 1,2104 , Q 4,3104 , U
3104 .

175

 635(630).
:
c , M

Q Mc P
=
.
A
R
Q Mc P
=
.
:
A
R

:
Q
.
A

636(631).
:

c = 1,01 10
;

3

M = 2 ,9 102 /;

.
m
RT; cV mT = U ;
M
m
( cP cV ) mT = RT ; cV = c P R ;
M
M
2) QP = cP mT ;
QV = cV mT ;

1) cPmT = U +

QP
=
QV

cP
cP

1 ,0 1

QP
.
QV

1 ,0 1 1 0 3

m
RT ;
M

Q = c P mT ; A =

8 ,3 1

103

2 ,9 1 0 2 /

: QP 4.

1,4 .

StudyPort.ru
QV

637(632).
.
:
, T ;
624 A = RT ;
5
3
Q = U + A = RT + RT = RT .
2
2
:
5
: Q = RT .
Q.
2

176

 638(633).
:
Q

.
1) 624 A = RT ;
5
2) 632 Q = RT ;
2
3) U = 3 RT ;
2

4) A = 2 ;
Q 5
5)
:
A
;
Q

U
.
Q

U 3
= .
Q
5

639(634).
:

A 2 U 3
= ;
= .
5
Q 5 Q

.
1) c P mT = Q;

M = 4 103 /

Q=

632

5 R
5
5 m
.
RT ; cP mT = RT ; c P =
2 M
2
2 M

2)

8 , 31
5

5 , 2 10 3
3

2 4 10 /

: c P = 5 R , cPHe 5,2103 /().
2 M

PHe =

StudyPort.ru
: c P , c PHe

640(635).
- , .
641(636).
- , , . - .
642(637).

177

A
V

 , . :
643(638).
:
.
m = 2 ;
1)
T1 = 300 K;
T1 = 420 K;
T2 = 340 K;
T2 = 420 K.

2)
Q1 = 60 ; Q2 = 80 .

3) c1 =
=

Q1
=
m T1 T1

60

= 0,25
;
2 ( 420 300 )

c2 =

Q2
=
m T2 T2

StudyPort.ru
=

: T1 , T1 ,
T2 , T2 , c1 , c2 .

80

= 0,5
.
2 (420 300 )

: T1 = 300 K , T1 = 420 K ,

T2 = 420 K, T2 = 340 K, 1 = 0,25

,

2 = 0,5
.

644().
:
.

178

mPb + m Al = m1

c Pb m Pb ( T1 T ) + c Al m Al ( T1 T ) =
= cB mB ( T T2 ) + C( T T2 )

c Pb = 0 ,13
K
10400 m Pb + 71200 m Al = 5028 ,5
c AL = 0 ,89

=> mPb = 92 ,m Al = 58 .

: mPb = 92 ,m Al = 58.
645(640).
:

( c1m1 C )( t t1 ) = c2m2 ( t2 t ) ;

C = 63/ ;
m1 = 250;

= 0 , 25 ;

c1 = c2

t1 = 120 C; m2 = 500 =
= 0,5 ;

= 380

c2 = 380 / ( ) ; t = 33oC;

2,2 103

: c1
646(641).
:

m2 t2 t C

+
=
m1 t t1 m1

0,5 100o 33o 63 /

0,25 33o 12o 0,25

: c1 2,2 10 3

StudyPort.ru
V = 200 ;
t1 = 10o ;

t2 = 60o C;

1) V1 + V2 = V ;

2) cV1 ( t t1 ) = cV2 ( t2 t ) ; V2 = V1

t = 40o C;

V1 + V1

3)

V1 = V

t t1
;
t2 t

t t1
= V;
t2 t

V1

t2 t1
= V;
t2 t

t2 t
60oC 40oC
= 200 o
= 80 ;
t2 t1
60 C 10oC

4) V2 = V V1 = V
= 200

t2 t1 t2 + t
t t1
=V
=
t2 t1
t2 t1

40o 10o
60o 10o

= 120

179

: V1 = 80 , V1 = 120 .

:
V1,V2.

647(642).
:

1 = 4 , 2 10
;

3

t1 = 10o ;

1) c1m1 (t3 t1 ) = c2m2 (t2 t3 );

2) c1m1 (t t3 ) + c2 m2 (t t3 ) = c2 m2 (t 2 t );

t2 = 100o C;

c1m1 (t t3 ) = c2m2 (t2 + t3 2t );

t3 = 40o C;

3) t t3 = t2 + t3 2t ;
t3 t1

t2 t3

4) .
t 40 100 + 40 2t
=
;
40 10
100 40

t 40 = 70 t ;
2t = 110;
t = 55o C.

: t

t = 55o C.

648(643).
:

c = 4,2 10 / ( ) ;
3

P = 21 = 2,1 104 ;
= 80% = 0,8;

Vct
=
P

1000 /3 0,23 4,2 103

24o

=
=
2,1 104

1) P = mct = Vct; =

StudyPort.ru
V = 200 = 0,2 3 ;
= 103 / 3 ;

t = 24o C;

q = 36 /3 =

= 360oC;

2) qV = P;

P 2,1 104 360o

=
= 0,7 3.
q 0,8 3,6 107 /3

= 3,6 107 /3 ;

V=

: ,V

:
= 360, V = 0,7 3.

649(644).
:

.
o

m = 2 ; t = 100 C;
q = 2,3 /;

180

U = qm = 2,3

2 = 4,6 .

: U .
650().
:

:
U = 4,6 .
.

V = 3

Q1 = V

T1 = 10C
T2 = 100C

Q2 = cBmB (T2 T1 ) + C(T2 T )

V = 60

= 1

= 100 /

Q2
= 53%.
Q1

= 36 / 3

: - ?
651(646).
:

: = 53%.
.

q = 2,3 10
;

m1(t t1 ) = qm2 + m2c(t2 t );

m1 = 1,5 ;

m2ct m1ct1 = qm2 + m2ct2 m2ct ;

c = 4200

t1 = 15o ;
t2 = 100o C;

(m1 + m2 )ct = qm2 + c(m1t1 + m2t2 );

qm2 + c(m1t1 + m2t 2 )
89.
t=
(m1 + m2 )c

m2 = 0 , 2 .

:
t 89.

: t
652(647).
:

StudyPort.ru
6

q = 2 ,3 10 ;
m = 600 = 0,6 ;

1) (mc + C )(t t0 ) = K1T ;

t = 100 C;
= 35% = 0,35;

T=

t0 = 100C;
K1 =2 / =
= 2103 /;
= 100 /;
= 2,9107 /.
: T , K 2 .

2) K 2tq + Ct = K1t ;

(mc + C )(t t0 ) 12 ;

K 2 = K1

K1

C
= 1,5 10 4 /.
q

:
12 ,
2 = 1,5104/.
181

 653(648).
:

(m1c1 + m2 c2 )(t t1 ) + mq = N;
(m c + m2c2 )(t t1 ) + mq =
N= 11

q = 2 ,3 10
;

m1 = 400 = 0 ,4 ;
6

t = 1000 C; c1 = 880

m2

c2

= 3,5103 .
=

;
4200

t = 10C; = 40% = 0,4;

= 10 = 600 ;
m = 20 = 0,02 ;
: N
: N = 3,5103 .
654(649).
:
.
V = 2 ,8 = 0 ,0028 3 ;

C1V ( t t1 ) + mq = C2 m ( t2 t ) ;

C1 = 4200 / ( ) ;

m =

t1 = 20 C;
q = 2 ,3 106 / ;

C2m(t2 t ) C1V (t t1 )
=
q

460

= 1000 / ;
2 = 460 / ( ) ;
m = 3 ;

4200

3 460 o 60 o

2,3 10 6

0 ,0028 3

StudyPort.ru

t2 = 460 C;
t = 60o C.

: m .
655(650).
:

t1 = 10o C; t2 = 100o C;
t = 50o C;

q = 2,3 106
.

C = 4200

1000 /3 60o 20o 3 102 .

2

: m 310 .

.
cm(t t1 ) = mq + cm(t 2 t );
c ( t t1 )
m
=
=
m q + c1 ( t2 t )

0,07.
182

2 ,3 106

4200

2 ,3 106

50o 10o

4200

100o 50o

m
.
m

656(651).
:

m
0 ,07.
m

m = 600;
= 0,6 ;
L = 25 /.

U = Lm = 0,6 2,5

= 15 .

: U = 15 .

: U .
657().
:
T0 =273K

.
c m T = m

: T-?

T =

= = 125 K
c m c
: T = 400K.

658(653).
:

m = M ( t t1 ) C1 + M ( t t ) 2 + ML;

= 107 / ;
= 40% = 0 , 4;
M = 200 ;
t1 = 100 C; t2 = 200 C;

m=

M C1 ( t t1 ) + C2 ( t t ) + L

22

t = 00 ;

c2 = 4200
;

c1 = 2100

StudyPort.ru
L = 3,3 105 /;

: m 22 .

: m.
659(654).
:

.
m = M [c(t t ) + L ];

= 2 ,9 10 /;
= 50% = 0 ,5;

M = m

m = 2 = 2 10 ;
t = 20o C;
t = 1400o ;
L = 8,2 104 /;

c = 460 /( ).

460

= 0 ,5 2 103
c ( t t ) + L
2,9 107

1400o 20 + 8, 2 104

4 10 4 = 40 .

183

: M = 40 .

: M .
660(655).
:
= 100 / ;

c1 = 4200
;

c2 = 230
;

t = 32 0 C ;

( C + m1c1 )( t t1 ) = m2 ( c2 ( t t ) + L ) ;
L=

1
( C + m1c1 )( t t1 ) c2 ( t t ) =
m2

+ 0 ,33 4200
100

0 ,35

32o 7o 230
232o 32o

6 104
= 60
.

t1 = 7 0 C ;
t = 232o ;

m1 = 330 = 0 ,33
m2 = 350 = 0 ,35

: L.

: L 60

661(656).
:

N V = ( C2 ( t t ) + C1 ( t2 t ) + L ) =

m = 2 00 = 0 ,2;
o

= mC1 ( t1 t2 ) ;

t1 = 25 C;

1 = 4200/ ( ) ;

N=

V = 6 ,4 ;

m
C1 ( t1 t2 ) L C1 ( t2 t )
V

StudyPort.ru
1 ( t t ) 9.

= 9 104 /3 ;

2 = 2100/ ( ) ;
t = 0o ;

L = 3,3105 /;

: N 9.

: N .
667(662).
.
:
h, c, k ;

kmgh = mct ;
t =

t.

184

kgh
.
c

: t =

kgh
.
c

 668(663).
, ..
.
669(664).
:
.
v = 200 /;
k = 78% = 0 ,78;

c = 130
.

mct = k

mv 2
;
2

kv 2 0,78 ( 200 / )
=
= 120 K .

2c
2 130
2

t =

: t = 120 K.

: t.
670(665).
:

v = 50 /;
h = 500;

c = 430
.

mgh = k

mv 2
+ mct ;
2

2
2 gh v 2 2 10 / 500 ( 50 / )
=
= 8 ,7 K .

2c
2 430
2

t =

t.

: t = 8,7 K.

671(666).
:
.
l , , k , c.
1) mgl = mgl (1 cos ) + Q; Q = mgl cos ;
kgl cos
2) mct = kQ = kmgl cos ; t =
.

StudyPort.ru
c

t.

:
t =

kgl cos
.
c

672(667).
.
:
c, v,2v;

v
1) 2mv mv = 3mv; v ' = ;
3
2) Q +

Q=

( )

3m v'

4mv 2 mv 2
+
;
2
2

5mv
3m v 2 5mv 2 mv 2 7 2

= mv ;
2
2 9
2
6
3

3) 3mct = Q =

7 mv 2
7 2
mv ; t =
.
3
9c

185

t.

t =

7 mv 2
.
9c

673(668).
:

t0 = 127 C; c = 130
;

t = 327o C; L = 2,5 104 /;

= 80% = 0,8.

v=

2 (c(t t 0 ) + L )

357 /.

: v 357 /.

: v.
674(669).
:
v , m, M ,
= 3,8 106

mv 2
= cm(t t0 ) + Lm;
2

E
: k .
Q

Ek =

E
mv 2
mv 2
; Q = M ; k =
.
Q
2
2M

1) v = 680 /; m = 6,2 ; M = 1
Ek 6 ,2 ( 680 / )
=
0 ,38 = 38%.
Q 2 1 3,8 106
2

2) v = 700 /; m = 8 ; M = 1,6
8 ( 700 / )
Ek
=
0 ,32 = 32%.
Q 2 1,62 3,8 106
2

675(670).
.
676(671).
:

StudyPort.ru
T = 117o = 390 ;
Tx = 27o C = 300 K ;
t = 1c;
Q = 60 .

: , Qx , N .

186

.
T T
390 300
= x =
0,23;
T
390

Qx = (1 )Qx = (1 0,23) 60 = 46

Q Qx 60 46
=
= 14 .
t
1
:
= 0,23, Qx = 46 ,
N = 14 .

N=

 677(672).
:
Q = 1 = 1000
,
A = 300 ,
Tx = 280 .

.
=

T = T Tx ;
T =

: , T.
678().
:
TX=293K
TH=473K
Q1=80
: , Q2,
h-?

A 300
T Tx
; = =
= 0,3;
Q 1000
T

Tx
280
=
= 400 K .
1 1 0,3

: = 0,3, T = 400 .
.

= 1
=

TX
= 38%
TH

A mgh
Q
=
<=> h = H = 7,6 .
QH
QH
mg

QX = QH (1 ) = 49600 .
: h = 7,6.

679(674).
:
v = 108 / = 30 /;

.
l
V vV
t= ; N=
=
=
v
t
l

V = 3,7 = 3,7 103 3 ;

= 700 / ;

0,25 30 / 3,7 103 3

StudyPort.ru
5

l = 100 = 10 ;

= 25% = 0,25; = 4,6 107 /

: N .
680(675).
:

l = 80 ; t = 1 = 3600;
N = 70 = 7 10 4 ;

= 25% = 0,25; = 800 /

= 4,2 107 /;
n = 40 /100 ;

: V

105

700 /3 4,6 107 / 9000 9

: N = 9 .

V = Nt ; V =

Nt

= 0,03 3 = 30 ;

V
n ) = (V ln) =
l
40

= 30 80
= 2 .
100

V = l(

: V = 2 .
187

 681(676).

F
m
g

m = 4 ,6 103 ;

.
1) ma = F + mg + F + N ;

sin = 0 ,025;

x : ma = F F mgsin;

t = 40 c;

y : 0 = N mgcos;

= 700 / ;
l = 200;
= 4 ,6 107 /
= 0 ,02;
= 20% = 0, 2;

F = N ; ma = F mg (sin + cos ).

< 0,1,
F = m(a + g sin + g ).
2
2) l = at ; a = 22l ;

2l
3) A = Fl = ml 2 + g sin + g ;
t

2l

4) V = ml 2 + g sin + g ;
t

StudyPort.ru
V=

: V .

188

ml 2l

4 3
+ gsin + g 10 = 0,1 .
t 2

: V = 0,1 .



,
.
. q,
q . .
.
, q1 q2 r F, :
F =k

k = 9109

2
2

q1q2
r2

. -

, ,
.

E . q,
E . F ,
: F = qE . .
.
. ,
E . N , E1 , E2 ,, E N , E ( ):

StudyPort.ru
E = E1 + E2 + ... + EN .

q E , r, :
E=k

q
r2

, .
q, , .
189


S: =

q
.
S

, . :

,
E=
2 0
0 = 8,8541012 / .
, .
, E
:
E=

E0
,

E0 , .
q E l = l2l1 A: A = qEl = qE ( l2 l1 ) .
WP :

WP = A = (qEl2 qEl1 ) = WP1 WP 2 .

, :

StudyPort.ru
=

WP
.
q

,
.
, N , 1, 2,, N,
( ): = 1 + 2 + + N.
q r :
= k

q
.
r

U A B :
U = 1 2,
190

 1 A, 2 B.
U E
:
E=

U
.
l

,
. C
q U:
C=

q
.
U

, ( )
. :
C=

0S
,
d

,
S , d .
W :
W=

qU q 2 CU 2
=
=
.
2
2C
2

E :
=

0 E 2
.
2

StudyPort.ru
682(677).
:
q1 = q2 =
= 10 = 108 ;
r = 3 =
=3102 .
F.

:
q1 q 2
2 108 108
F=k
= 9 109

=
2
2
2
r
3 102

= 10 = 1 .
: F = 1 .

683(678).
.
:
q1 = 1 = 106 ;
q1 q2
q1 q2
q2 = 10 = 108 ; F = k 2 ; r = k F =
r
F = 9 = 9103 .
= 9 109

r.

2 106 108
2

9 103

= 0,1 = 10 .

: r = 10 .
191

 684(679).
:
.
q1, q2,
q1 q2
q1 = 4q1, F1 = k r 2 ;
1
q2 = q2,
q'
q'2
4q q
1
F1 = F2.
F2 = k
=k 12 2 ;
2
r2

r2

F1 = F2 ;
k

q1 q2
r12

=k

4q1 q2
r2 2

r2
= 4 = 2.
r1
:
r
2 .
r1 2 .

685(680).

q
F

+q

2
2
F

+q

+q

StudyPort.ru
mg

:
m = 0,2 =
= 2104 ;
r = 3 =
= 3102 ;
q1 = q2 =

= 10 = )
= 108;

q1, q2 ;
) q1, q2
.
192

mg

:
F + 1 2 mg = 0;
(1.a)
(2.a)
F + T2 mg = 0.
(2.) 2:
q1 q 2
2 = F + mg = k
+ mg =
r2
= 9 109

2 108 108

+ 2 104 10 / 2 =
2 2
2
3 10

= 3 10 3 = 3 .
2 (1.) 1.

F + 1 F mg mg = 0
T1 = 2mg = 22104 10 /2 = 4103 = 4 .
)
:
1 F 2 mg = 0;
(1.)
F + 2 mg = 0.
(2.)
(2.) 2:
q1 q2
2 = mg F = mg k
= 2 10 4 10 / 2
2
r
9 109

2 108 108

= 103 = 1 .
2 2
2
3 10

2 (1.) 1.
1 F mg + F mg = 0;
T1 = 2mg = 2210410 /2 = 4103 = 4 .
: 1, 2. : ) 1 = 4 ; 2=3 ; ) 1 = 4 ; 2=1 .
686(681).

:
r = 10 = 0,1 ;
F = 0,23 =
= 2,3104 ;
= 1,6 10 19

.
F=k
N=

q q
r

q
r
=
e
e

=k

q2
r

; q =r

F
;
k

F
0,1
2,3 104
=
= 1011 .
19
2

k 1,6 10
9
9 10
2

StudyPort.ru
11

: N.

687().
:
m = 100
q1 = 20
l = 30

: N = 10 .

T1 = mg.
:
T=

1 q1q2
mg
= mg
2
4 0 l 2

=> q2 =

mg 4 0l 2
= 0, 25 .
q1
2

q2 = 0,5 ,
q2 = -1,5 .
q2 - ?

: q2 = 0,25 , 0,5 , -1,5

193

 688().
:
q q
(1,610-19)2
1
F =k 1 2 =9910
=810-23
1
2
2
r
r
r2

:
F2 =

m2
(9,110
31)2
1
=6,71011
=71071 2
2
r
r2
r

1048 .
689(684).
:
.
q, 4q, r.
q1 q2 4q2
F =k 2 =k 2 ;
r
r
q1 + q2 q + 4q 5
q1 = q2 =
=
= q;
2
2
2
F =k
k

x.

4q 2

q1 q2
x2
=k

=k

25q 2
4 x2

25q 2
4x2

5
4

; x = r = 1,25r .

: x = 1,25r.

690(685).

StudyPort.ru
q1

F 23

q3

:
q1 = 10 =
= 108 ,
q2 = 16 =
= 1,6108 ,
r1 = 7 =
= 7103 ,
q3 = 2 =
= 2109 ,
r2=3 =310-3,
r3=4 =410-3.

F.

: F = 2 .

194

q2

F 13

r1 = r2 + r3, q3 ,
q1 q2.
F = F13 F23 = k

F = 9 10

2
2

q1 q3
r22

q2 q3
r32

q
q
= k q3 12 22 .
r
r3
2

108
2 10
3 103

= 2 103 = 2 .

1,6 108

=
2
4 103

) (
2

 691(686).
A

+q

B
Fca

q/2

q/2

A
Fcb

C
Fca Fcb

+q

:
.
+ q, q, q/2,
D = = = r. FC = FCA + FCB =
=k

q
r

q
2
2

+k

q
r

q
2
2

=k

q2 ;
r2

FD = FDA FDB =
=k

q
r

q
2
2

q
2

( 3r )

=k

4q2 ;
9r 2

FC
1 9
=
= = 2,25 .
FD 4 / 9 4

StudyPort.ru

FC
.
FD

:
2,25 .

692(687).

r x

q1

F 23

q3

F 13

q2

195

:
q1=90 =
=9108 ,
q2=10 =
= 108 ,
r = 4 =
= 4102 .

.
r
r
F13 = F23 ; F13 = F23

x q1 q3, (rx)
q2 q3.
q1 q3

F13 = k
q1
x2

( r x)

q2

(r x)

q q
q q
; F23 = k q2 q3 ; k 1 3 = k 2 3 ;
2
2
2

(r x )

; q1 ( r x ) = q2 x 2 ;
2

q1 r 2 q1 rx + q1 x2 = q2 x2;

( q1 q2 ) x2 2 q1 rx + q1 r 2 = 0 ;
,
x:
x=
x1 =

r
q1 q2

(q

q1q2 ;

4 102
9 108 108

(9 10

+ 9 108 108 =

= 6 10 = 6

x2 =

4 102
8

9 10 108

(9 10

9 108 108 =

= 3 102 = 3

StudyPort.ru
x1 = 6 F13 F23 . .
: q3 3 q1 1 q2.

x.

693(688).
+q

+q

F3
+q

F1

F4

+q
6 q
F3
F5

F6

F2

F2
F5

F5

F
F1

196

F4

:
q, a.

. F1 = F2 = F3 = F4 = F5 = F6 = k

q2
a2

q2
(. .) , F = 4 F1 = 4k 2 .
a
: F.

: F = 4k q 2 .
a

694(689).

rx

x
q1

q3

F23

q2

F13

.
:
q1 = 40 =
r
r
= 4108 ;
F13 = F23 ; F13 = F23 .
q2 = 10 = x q1 q3,
= 108 ;
(r x) q2 q3.
r = 10 =
q q
q q
F13 = k 1 2 3 ; F23 = k 2 3 ;
= 0,1.
2
x

(r x)

q1 q3
x2

=k

q2 q3

(r x)

q1
x2

q2

(r x )2

q1 r 2 2 q1 rx + q1 x 2 = q 2 x 2 ;

StudyPort.ru
( q1 q2 ) x2 2 q1 rx + q1r2 = 0 ;
x=

0,1

4 10 108

( 4 10

x=

( q1 q2 ) (
r

q1 q1q2 = .

+ 4 108 108 =

= 0,2 = 20 ; r x = 10 20 = 10 .

q3 : F21 = F31 ;
k

q1 q2
r

q3 = q2

: x, q3.

=k
x2
r2

q1 q3
x2

= 108

( 0,2 )2
( 0,1 )2

= 4 108 = 40

: q3 = 40
20 q1 10 q2.
197

 695(690).
F

F1

F1

F2

+q3

+q3

F2

+q2

+q1

:
q1 = q2 = 25 =
8

= 2,5 10 ;

r1 = 24 = 0,24 ;
q3 = 2 =
= 2 109

r2 = r3 = 15 =
= 0,15 ;
) q1, q2 ;
) q1, q2 .

+q1

q2

r r r
. ) F = F1 + F2 ; F1 = F2 = k q1 2q3
r2

:
F = 2 F1cos ;
sin =

r
r1
; cos = 1 sin 2 = 1 1
2r2
2r2

F = 2k

q1 q3
r22

F = 2 9 109

r
1 1
2r2

2 2,5 108 2 109

2
( 0,15 )2
2

0, 24
5
1
= 2,4 10 = 24 )
2 0,15
F = 2 F1sin = 2k

q1 q3
r22

q q
r1
= k 1 3 3 r1
2r2
r2

StudyPort.ru
F = 9 10 9

2 2,5 10 8 2 10 9

2
(0,15 )3

0,24 = 3,2 10 5 = 32 .

: F.

: ) F = 24 : ) F = 32 .

696(691).

y
T

F
mg

198

T cos mg = 0
,

F T sin = 0

F . .
T=

F
mg
; F mgtg = 0 ; tg =
cos
mg

) F12 = F21 = F (m1 = m2),

.
F
F
) m1>m2,
; tg1 < tg 2 ; 1 < 2 .
<
m1 g m2 g
, .
697().

y
T

F
mg

Tcos = F
=> mg = Ftg

Tsin = mg
F =k

q2

<=> q = l

mg
= 1,3 .
ktg

StudyPort.ru
l

: q = 1,3 .

698(693).
:
F 4 107 H

9
E
=
=
= 200 .
.
q = 2 = 210 ,
9

q 2 10

F = 0,4 = 4107
.

: E = 200 .

699(694).
:
q = 12 = 1,2108 ,
= 2 / = 2103 /

F.

.
F = qE = 1,2 10 8 2 10 9

= 24106

= 24 .
: F = 24 .
199

 700(695).
:
e = 1,61019 ;
= 10 / = 104 /;
m = 9,11031

.
qE = ma ;
a=

a=

qE eE
=
m
m

1,6 1019 104 /

9,1 1031

= 1,76 1015/ 2 .

:
a = 1,761015 /2.

701(696).
:
.
q = 36 =
2
=3,6108 ;
q
3,6 108
9
=
r1 = 9 = 0,09 ; 1 = k r 2 = 9 10 2
( 0,09 )2
1
r2=18 =0,18 .
= 4 104 / = 40 /

2 = k

q
r22

= 9 10 9

2 3,6 10 8

=
2
(0,18 )2

= 10 4 / = 10 /
:
1 = 40 /,
2 = 10 /.

1, 2.

StudyPort.ru
702(697).
a)

+q1

EAC +q2

EBC

EAD EBD

q 1

C
EAC EBC

q 1

200

EBC EAC q2 EBD

+q1

C
EAC

EAD

+q2 EAD
B

x
EBD

EBC q2 EAD EBD

.
:
= 6 = 0,06 ;
q
2 4 108

= 105/
EAC = k 12 = 9 109
= BD=3 =
AC
2 ( 0,06 )2
=0,03
2
8
q1 = 40 = 4 10 8 EC = k q2 = 9 109 10 = 105/
C2

q2 = 10 =
= 108;

) + q1 , + q2 ;
) + q1 , q 2 ;

EAD = k

q1
AD

= 9 109

( 0,03 )2

2 4 108

=
2 ( 0,12 )2

= 0,25 105/
q1

) q1 , + q2 ;

EBD = k

) q1 , q 2

= 105/

BD 2

= 9 109

2 4 108

=
2 ( 0,06 )2 )

EC = EAC EBC = 105 / 105 / = 0

E D = E AD + E BD = 0,25 10 5 / + 10 5 / =
= 1,25 10 5 / = 125 /

) EC = EAC + EB = 105 / + 105 / =

= 2 10 5 / = 200 /
ED = EAD EBD = 0 ,25 105 / 105 / =

= 0,75 105 / = 75 /

) EC = EAC E B = 105 / 105 / =

StudyPort.ru
= 2 10 5 / = 200 /
E D = E BD E AD = 10 5 / 0,25 10 5 / =

= 0,75 10 5 / = 75 /

) EC = EC E = 105 / 105 / = 0

ED = EAD EBD = 0,25 105 / 105 / =

= 1, 25 105 / = 125 /.

: C, D

: ) = 0,
D = 125 /;
) = 200 /,
D = 75 /;
) = 200 /,
D = 75 /;
) = 0,
D = 125 /.
201

 703(698).
E2

E1

E1

E
E2

+q1

q2

+q2 +q2

q1 = q2 =
= 0,1 =
= 107 ;

r r
r
) E = E1 + E 2 ;
q1

;
r =6 = 0,06 ;
r12
r1 = r2 = 5 =
E = 2 E1 cos ;
=0,05 ;
) q1, q2 - sin = r ;
2r1
;
) q1, q2 2
r

cos = 1 sin2 = 1 ;
E1 = E 2 = k

2r1

E = 2k

q1
r12

r
1
2r1

E = 2 9 109

107

0,06
1
=
2
2 0 ,05
0,05
(
)

StudyPort.ru
2

= 5,76 105/ = 576 / .

) E = 2 E1sin = 2k
E = 9 109

q1

r12

q
r
= k 13 r
2r1
r1

2 107

0,06 = 4,32 105/ = 432 / .

2 ( 0,05 )3

:
) = 576 /;
) = 432 /.

704(699).
a x

x
q1

202

E1

E2

q2

:
q1 = q ;
q 2 = 4q ;

;
) q1>0,
q2>0;
) q1q2<0

r
r
E1 = E2 ;

1 = 2.

x q ,
= 0, ( ) 4q ,
= 0.
q
E1 = k 2 ;
x
E2 = k

q
x

4q

( a x )2

=k

4q

( a x )2

;
x
(a x )2
2 2 + 2 = 42;
32 + 2 2 = 0;
2

x1 =

a + 2a a
= ,
3
3

x2 =

a 2a
= a, a x2 = 2a.
3

a x1 =

2a
;
3

StudyPort.ru
: x

a
2a
q
4q;
3
3

) q 2 4q.

705(700).
a)

E
r
E

203

:
q
= 40 / = . ) 1, 2 = = k 2
r
4104 /;
2
8
q = 27 = E = 4 104/ + 9 109 2,7 10 = 7 104/ = 70 /
1
2 ( 0,09 )2
2,7108 ;
r = 9 =
2 2,7 108
0,09
E2 = 4 104/ 9 109

= 104/ = 10 /
2

( 0,09 )2

q
2
r

) 1 = 2 = 2 + 2 = 2 + k

2

2 2,7 108

E1 = E2 = 4 104 + 9 109

2
( 0,09 )2

= 5 104 = 50 .

: 1,
2.

: ) 1 = 70 /, 2 = 10 /;
) 1 = 2 = 50 /.

706(701).

y
T

StudyPort.ru
F

mg

:
q1 = q,

9
q2 =
q,
10

1 = 45.

T cos mg = 0
. T

F Tsin = 0
mg
; F mg tg = 0 ;
cos
F
qE
qE
qE
tg =
=
; = arctg
; 1 = 45 0
=1;
mg mg
mg
mg

. T =

2 = arctg

9qE
= arctg 0,9 ; = 1 2 = 45o arctg 0 ,9 = 3o .
10mg

: . : = 3o.
204

 707(702).
E3

E2
E
E3

E2

E1
1
+q

3
+q
E1

:
a,
+ q,
+q
q.

r r r
r
E = E1 + E2 + E3 ;
r
r
r
q
q
E1 = E 2 = E3 = k 2 = k
r
q 3

= 3k

q
a2

r
q
E = 2 E1 = 6k 2 .
a

: E.

: E = 6k

q
a2

708(703).
:
.
m, q, E, g.
ma x = qE

ma y = mg
E
ax = q ; a y = g ;
m

StudyPort.ru
x=

a x t 2 qEt 2
2mx
=
t2 =
;
2
2m
qE
2 mx

gt 2 g qE
mg
y ( x) =
=
=
=
x.
2
2
2
qE
a yt 2

: Y(x).

: y (x ) =

mg
x.
qE

709(704).
, , -
.
.
710(705).
.
205

 711(706).

,
, . , , .
712(707).
+
+
+

+
+
+

r1

r2

+
+
+

, ,
r1 < r2.
713(708).
, . .
.
714(709).
.

StudyPort.ru
715(710).
, .

716(711).
.
,
.

717(712).
. ,
, .
,

( ),
( ),
( ).
206

 718(713).
:
R = 3 = 3102 ,
q = 16 =
=1,6108 ,
= 2 = 2102,
b = 4 = 4102 .

.
a < R E1 = 0; b > R E2 = k
E2 = 9109 (2)/2

1,6 10

19

q
b2
K

( 4 102 )

= 9104 / = 90 /
=

q
S

4R

719(714).
:
. E = k
,
r = d.

q
S

1,6 1019

4 3,14 3 102
2

1,410 / = 1,4 / .
: 1 = 0, 2 = 90 /, = 1,4 /2.

1, 2, .

q
d

: =

d
2

q
d2

+d

=k

4q
9d 2

= E = k

4
1
4

.
=
=
9
4 0 9
9 0

.
9 0

720(715).
.

StudyPort.ru
721(716).
:

3,54 107 K / 2
2
=
.

=
=
= 354 / =
20 2 8,85 10-12 K 2 / (H 2 )
7
2
= 3,5410 / .
= 2104 / = 20 /.
.
: = 20 /.

722(717).
( )
.
. , , . , , .
207

 723(718).
:
2 = 60 /,
1 = 3,5,
2 = 7,
3 = 6.

.
0 = 22 = 760 / = 420 /;
E
420 B/
= 120 /;
1 = 0 =
1
3,5
3 = E0 = 420 B/ = 70 /.
3

0, 1, 3. : 0 = 420 /, 1 = 120 /, 3 = 70 /.
724(719).
:
= 40 /2 =
= 4108 /2,
= 2,5.
.

.
E=

4 108 K/ 2

=
= 900 .
2 0 2 2 ,5 8,85 1012 2 / ( 2 )

: = 900 /.

725(720).
:
.
= 2,5,
q2
F=k 2 ;
r = 6 =
r
=6102 ,
4
F = 0,4 = q = r F = 6 102 4 10 H 2 ,5 =
4
k
H 2
=410 .
9 109 2

q.

= 2108 =20 .
: q = 20 .

StudyPort.ru
726(721).
:
.
= 81.
q2
q2
q2
q2 q
F = k 12 ; F = k 2 ; k 12 =k 22 ; 2 = = 81 = 9 .
q1
r
r
r
r 2
q
2 . : 9 .
q1

727(722).
:
.
= 2,1.
qq
qq
qq
qq r
, 145
,
F=k 1 2 2 ; F=k 1 22 ; k 1 2 2 =k 1 22 ; 1 = = 21
r1
r2
r1
r2 r2
: 1,45 .
r
1 .
r2
208

 728(723).
.
:
r = 3 = 3102 ,
H 2
9 109 2 4 109
q = 4 = 4109 , E = k q ; = k q =

=2.
2 2
4B
= 20 / =
Er 2
r 2

2
10
3
10

= 2104 /.
.
: = 2.

729(724).
:
.
= 2,1,
r1 = 29 =
q
q
q
q
;k 2 =k
;
1 = k 2 ; 2 = k
= 0,29 ,
2
r1
r1
r2
r22
1 = 2.
r
0,29
= 0,20 = 20 .
r2 = 1 =

2,1
r2.
: r2 = 20 .
730(725).

y
T2

T1

StudyPort.ru
F1

F2

mg

:
= 60,
= 50.

mg

T cos mg = 0
1 2
;

F1 T1sin = 0
2

mg

1 =

cos

; F1 mg tg

=0.
2

: F2 mg tg

= 0.
2

:
209

F1tg

= F2tg ;
2
2

F1= k

r12

=k

2
2lsin
2

q2

sin 2
2

sin 2

q2

2
2lsin
2

tg = k
2

tg
2

tg

;F2= k
q

2
2lsin
2

q2

=k

r22

2lsin

tg

sin 2 30o tg30o

sin 2 25o tg25o

q2

2
2

;
2

= 1,7 .

: = 1,7.

731(726).
Fa=-2Vg
F=qE

mg

StudyPort.ru
:
m = 0,18 = 1,8104 ,
1 = 1800 /3,
2 = 900 /3,
= 45 / = 4,5104 /.

mg qE 2Vg = 0;
m
m
V=
; mg qE 2 g = 0;
1
1

mg 1 2
1

=
q=
E

900/3
1
3
1800 / =
4,5 104 /

1,8 104 10

=
q.
210

= 2108 = 20 .
: q = 20 .

 732(727).
.
:
q=20 =2108 ,
8
1 = 700 , 2=200 , 1 = q(1 2) = 210 (700 200 ) =
5
= 10 = 10
3 = 100 ,
2 = q(3 4) = 2108 (100 400 ) =
4 = 400 .
= 105 = 10 .
1, 2.
:
1 = 10 , 2 = 10 .
733(728).
:
.
= 1 / = 103/,
q = 25 =
F = qEd = 2,5108 103 /2102 =
8
= 2,510 ,
= 5107 = 0,5
2
d = 2 = 210 . W = A = 0,5
U = Ed = 103 /2102 = 20 .
:
A, W, U.
=0,5 , W=0,5 , U=20 B.
734(729).
.
:
3
= 1 = 10 ,
= 40 = 4105 .
A
4 10 5
=4108 = 40 .
q=
=

10 3
q.
:
q = 40 .

StudyPort.ru
735(730).
:
= 60 / =
= 6104 /,
|q| = 5 =
= 5109 ,
d = 20 =
=0,2 , = 60.

1) q = 5109
A = qEdcos = 5109 6104 /
0,2 cos60 = 3105 = 30
W = A = 30
U=Edcos=6104 / 0,2 cos60 = 6000 B =
= 6
2) q = 5109
= 30; W = 30; U = 6.
A, W, U. :
1) =+30 ,W=30 , U=6 ;
2) = 30 , W = 30 , U = 6 .
211

 736(731).
.
:
= 1,61019,
1 = 200,
T = A = e ( 1 2 ) = 1,6 1019 ( 200 300 ) =
2 = 300,
= 1,6 1017 , W = = 1,61017.
V0 = 0
mV 2
= e( 1 2 ) ;
2

V=

2 1,6 1019 ( 200 300)

2e ( 1 2 )
=
=
m
9,1 1031

= 5,9106 / = 5,9 /.
, W, V. :
= 1,61017, W = 1,61017,
V = 5,9 /.
737().
:
q = 5
l = 18
Q = 20

.
:
= A/ q.
:
=k

A - ?

Q
Qq
=> A = k
= 5 .
r
l

: A = 5 .

StudyPort.ru
738(732).
.
:
e = 1,61019,
V1 = 10/ = 107/,
mV2 2 mV12
V2 =30/=3107/, e = 2 2 ;
m = 9,11031
m
=
V2 2 V12
2e
2
9,1 10 31
=
3 10 7 /
19
2 1,6 10

.
212

) (

2
10 7 / = 2,27 10 3 = 2,27 .

:
= 2,27.

 739(733).
.
:
m = 6,71027,
q = 3,21019,
mV 2
V = 20 / = q = 2 ;
2107/

7
27
mV2 6,7 10 2 10 /
=
=
2q
2 3,2 1019

= 4,2106 =4,2 .
:
= 4,2 .

740(734).
.
:
q
m1
=4, 1 =2
T1 = A1 = q1 ;
m2
q2

T2 = A2 = q 2 ;
T1 q1
=
= 2;
T2 q 2
q1 =

m1V12
;
2

q2 =

m2V2 2
;
2

StudyPort.ru
V2
=
V1

q2
m1

= 2.
q1
m2

T1 V2 :
, .
T2 V1 2 , 2 .

741(735).
.
:
U = 2 = 2103,
d = 10 =0,1 .
U
2 103

E=
=
= 2 104 = 20
.
d
0,1

E.
:
E = 20 /.

213

 742(736).
.
:
= 60/ =
) = 0;
=6104/,
d = 10 = 0,1 U = Ed = 6104/0,1 = 6103 = 6
) = 90; U = 0;
) = 45; U = Edcos=6104/0,1cos45 =
= 4,2103 = 4,2 .
:
.
) U = 6 , ) U = 0, ) U = 4,2 .
743(737).
:
.
= 8 = 8102,
U = Ed = E AB cos =
= 30,
=50/=5104/ = 5 104 / 8 102 cos30o =
= 3,5 102 = 3,5 .
U.
: U = 3,5 .
744(738).
.
:
d = 4,8 =
=4,8103,
q E = mg ;
m = 10 = 108,
U
U = 1 = 103,
E= ;
19
d
E = 1,610
U
q = mg ;
d
mgd
;
q =
U

StudyPort.ru
N=

: N.

q
e

mgd 108 10 / 2 4,8 103

=
= 3000 .
eU
1,6 1019 103

: N = 3000.

745(739).
; ; .
746(740).
.
747(741).
.
214

 748(742).
+50

) -50

)
, /
2

x,

-2
)

,
50

0,05

0,1

x,

-50

StudyPort.ru
749(743).
:
= 60,
= 60,
d = 8 = 0,08,
d1 = 2 = 0,02

A B 60 ( 60 )
=
=
= 1500 / =
d
d
0,02
= 1,5 /

60
EAC = A =
= 3000 / = 3 /
d1 0,02
E=

EAC = EAC E = 3 / 1,5 / = 1,5 /

ECB =

A
60
=
= 103/ = 1 /
d d1 0,08 0,02

E CB = ECB E = 1 / 1,5 / = 0,5 / .

, . :
= 1,5 /, = 0,5 /.
215

 750(744).
.
:
S = 4012 = 4,011022,

E=
;
q = 1,42 =1,42106
0
q
= ;
S
E=

q
=
S 0

1,42 106
4,01 102 2 8,85 1012

2
2

= 4 106 / = 4000 / .

: = 4000 /.

751(745).
.
: = 7,
U
d = 4 =4103,

; = 0E = 0 =
E=
U = 3,8 = 3,8103
0
d
=

7 8,85 1012

2
2

3,8 103

4 103

= 5,9 105/2 = 59 /2 .
: = 59 /2.

752(746).
.
:
1 = 0,5 = 5107,
q =q ; C U = C 2U 2 ;
2 = 5000 = 5109 1 2 1 1

StudyPort.ru
U2 C1 5 107
=
=
= 100 .
U1 C2 5 109

U2
.
U1

:
100 , .

753(747).
.
:
1 = 200 = 21010,
2 = 1 = 106,
q1 q 2 q 2 C 2
10 6
=
;
=
=
= 5000 .
U1 = U2
C1 C 2 q1 C1 2 10 10
:
q
2 .
5000 .
q1
216

 754(748).
.
:
U = 1,4 = 1,4103,
q 2,8 108
11
q = 28 = 2,8108 C = U = 1,4 103 = 2 10 = 20 .
.
: = 20.
755(749).
:
=58 =
=5,8105, U = 50
q.
756(750).
:
= 100 = 1010,
U = 300 B,
q1 = 50 =
= 5108
q.

.
q = CU = 5,8 105 50 = 2,9 103 = 2,9 .

: q = 2,9 .
.
q = CU = 10 10 300 = 3 10 8 = 30 .
q1>q,

q=50 .
: .

757(751).
.
:
d1
S1
S
=2,
= 3. C1 = 0 1 ;
d2
S2
d1
C2 =

0 S 2
;
d2

StudyPort.ru
C2 0 S2 d1
S d
1
=

= 2 1 = 3 = 1,5 .
C1
d 2 0 S1 S1d 2 2

C2
.
C1

: 1,5 .

758(752).
.
:
1 = 2,2,
S
C1 = 1 0 ;
2 = 6
d
S C
6
C2 = 2 0 ; 2 = 2 =
2 ,73 .
C1 1 2 ,2
d
: 2,73 .
C
2 .
C1

217

 759(753).
:
U1 = 400 B,
U2 = 50 B,
q1 = q2

.
q1 = q2; C1U 1 = C 2U 2 ;
C1 =

0S
S
; C2 = 0 ;
d
d

0S
S
U1 = 0 U 2 ;
d
d
=

U1 400
=
=8.
U2
50

: = 8.

760(754).
, ; .
761().
:
d = 20
l = 1

.
C=

0S

d
2

0 ( ) 2

=
=
l
l
2 8,85 10 12 0, 01
=
= 560
0, 001
: = 560.

.
762(755).
:
S = 520 2 = 5,21022,
= 46 = 4,61011

. C =

0S
;
d

StudyPort.ru
S
d= 0 =
C

d.

763(756).
:
S = 50 2 =
=51032,
= 7,
= 10 / =
= 107/
q.

218

8,85 1012

2
2

5,2 102

4,6 1011

= 0,01 = 1 .
: d = 1.

.
q = CU =

0 S
U ; U = Ed ;
d

q = 0 SE = 7 8,85 1012

= 3,1 106 = 3,1 .

: q = 3,1 .

2
2

5 103 2 107 / =

 764(757).
.
:
) .
d2
=3
q1 = q2, ..
d1
.
0S
S
U1 = 0 SE1 ; q2 = C2U 2 = 0 U 2 = 0 SE2 .
d1
d2

q1 = C1U1 =

U 2 d2
E
q
=
= 3, 2 = 2 = 1
U1 d1
E1 q1

)
. , .. U1 = U2
0S
S
U1 = 0 SE1 ; q2 = C2U 2 = 0 U 2 = 0 SE2 .
d1
d2

q1 = C1U1 =

q2 U 2 E2
.
, ,
q1 U1 E1

q2 C2 d1 1 E2 d1 1
=
=
= ;
=
= .
q1 C1 d 2 3 E1 d 2 3

: )

765().
:
r = 10
d = 1
= 2,1
U = 2,4

q2
U
E
q
1 U
E 1
= 1 , 2 = 3 , 2 = 1 ; ) 2 = , 2 =1, 2 = .
q1
U1
E1
q1 3 U1
E1 3

.
0 S 0 r 2
=
= 5,8
d
d
q = cU = 0 ,014
qU
E=
= 0,017
2

c=

StudyPort.ru
= 0 ,54 / 3

c,q,E, - ?

c = 5,8, q = 0,014 ,

E = 0,017 , = 0,54 / 3 .

766(759).
:
= 800 = 8104 ,
U = 300 B,
t = 2,4 = 2,4103 .

.
CU 2
8 104 (300 ) 2
W=
=
= 36 ;
2
2

W, P.

: W = 36 , = 15 .

W
36
=
= 15103 = 15 .
3
t
2,4 10

219

 767(760).
.
:
2
U2
U2
CU 12
CU 22 W2
U 22
2
= 4.

W
=
;
W
=
;
=
=
1
2
U1
U =4 =16.
W1
2
2
U 12
1
W2 : 16 .

.
W1
768(761).
.
C
: 2 =9,
C1
CU 2
CU 22 C1U12 C2U 22 U1
W1= 1 ; W2=
;
=
;
= C2 = 9 = 3 .
W1=W2.
U
2
2
2
C1
2
2

U1
.
U2

: (1)
3 .

769(762).
.
:
= 10 = 105 ,
2
4 106
q = 4 = 4106 . W= q =
5

2C

W.

2 10

=8107 =800 .

: W = 800 .

770(763).
:
U 2 0 S (Ed ) 2 0 SE 2d
=
=
. W =
S = 200 2 =
2
2d
2
= 2102 2,
2
2

8,85 1012
2 102 2 5 105 / 102
d = 1 =0,01 ,
2

=
= 500 / = W =
2
5
= 510 /.
4
= 2,210 = 220 .
W.
: W = 220 .

StudyPort.ru
(

771(764).
:
.
d = 2 =
W
CU 2 0 SU 2
3

=
;
W
=
; V = Sd;
=
= 210 ,
2
2d
V
U = 200 B,
2
2
12
= 2,2.
0 SU 2 0U 2 2,2 8,85 10 2 (200 )
=
=
=
=
2d Sd
2 (2 103)2
2d 2
.

220

= 9,7102 =97 .
: = 97 .

 772(765).
) .
S
S
U
q1 = q2; C1U1 = C2U2; 0 U 1 = 0 U 2 ; U2 = 1 ;

d
d
W1
1
1
1 U1
W1 = q1U1; W2 = q2U2 = q1
=
.
2
2
2

,
= 2,5 , .
) .
q
q
q1
q2
U1 = U2; 1 = 2 ;
=
; q2 = q1;
C1 C 2 0 S / d 0 S / d

W1 =

1
1
1
q1U1; W2 = q2U2 = q1U1 = W1.
2
2
2

, = 2,5
. .
773(766). ) .
S
S
U
d1
= 2; q1 = q2; C1U1 = C2U2; 0 U 1 = 0 U 2 ; U2 = 1 ;
d2
2
d2
d1

W1 =

W
1
1
1 U
q1U1; W2 = q2U2 = q1 1 = 1 .
2
2
2
2
2

StudyPort.ru
2 .
W
W1
W
W
W
1 = 1 = 1 ; 2 = 2 =
= 1 = 1; 1 = 2
V1 Sd1
V2 2Sd 2
Sd1
.
) .
q
q
q1
q2
U1 = U2; 1 = 2 ;
=
; q2 = q1 d1 = 2q1;
C1 C 2 0 S / d1 0 S / d 2
d2

W1 =

1
1
1
q1U1; W2 = q2U2 = 2q1U1 = 2W1
2
2
2

2 .
W
W
W
2W
4W1
1 = 1 = 1 ; 2 = 2 = 1 =
= 41
V1 Sd1
V2 Sd 2
Sd1
4 .
221

 774(767).
.
:
= 20 =
CU 22 CU12

W = W2 W1 =
;
= 2105 ,
2
2
U2
U2 = 2U1;
= 2,
U1
3
C 4U12 CU12
W =
= CU12;

W = 0,3 .
2
2
2

U1 =
W1 =
U1, W1.

2 W
2 0,3
=
= 100 B;
3C
3 2 10-5

U12 2 105 (100 ) 2

= 0,1 .
=
2
2

:
U1 = 100 B, W1 = 0,1 .

StudyPort.ru
222


.
I q t:
I = q/t.
, .
,
. I = const. R, U.
:
I=

U
.
R

R1

R2

R1, R2,, Rn R R
= R1 + R2 + + Rn.
.
R1

R2

StudyPort.ru

R1,
R2,, Rn R
1
1
1
1
. =
+
+ ... +
R R1 R2
Rn
.
R l S
R=

l
,
S

,
.

R I, A,
A = I2Rt,
223

 t , . , A = UIt =
= U2t/R, U .

P
P = A/t. P
P = I2R = IU = U2/R.
, r R. I
:

I=
.
R+r
775().
:
= 100
U = 500
t = 0,5c

.
q = cU
cU

= 0,1A.
q => I =
t
I=

I - ?

: I = 0,1A.

776(768).
:
R = 84 ,
S = 1 2 = 106 2,
= 42108 .
l.

.
l
RS 84 106 2
R= ;l=
= 200 .
=

S
42 108

777(769).
:
S
l1
=2, 2 =2
l2
S1

: l = 200 .

StudyPort.ru

R1
.
R2

.
l
lS
l
R
R1 = 1 ; R2 = 2 ; 1 = 1 2 = 22 = 4.
S1
S 2 R2
l 2 S1
: 4 .

778().
:
.
E
l = 5
j = E =
U = 12

j=

j-?
224

U
= 4 ,8 / 2 .
l

: j =4,8 /2.

 779().
:
.
l = 5
l

R=12 R = S

l2
R = = 300.
V
m
m
S= =
l l

m- ?

: m = 300.

780(771).
) U = IR = 5 A 30 = 150 < 220 B.
.
) U = IR = 0,2 A 2000 = 400 > 220 B.
.
781(772).
.
:
l
S = 1,4 2 =
U IR I S

6 2
=
=
=I ;

=
= 1,410 ,
l
l
l
S
I = 1 A,
8
= 2,8108 . = 1 2,8 10 = 2102 / = 20 /.
6 2
1,4 10

: = 20 /.

782(773).
: l1 = 2,
S1 = 0,48 2 =
= 4,8107 2,
1=12108, l2=1 ,
S2 = 0,21 2 =
= 2,1107 2,
2 = 42108 ,
I = 0,6 A.
U.

StudyPort.ru
.

U=IR=I(R1 + R2) = I 1 l1

S1

+ 2

l2 ;

S2

2
U = 0,6 A 12 108
+
4 ,8 107 2

+ 42 108

= 1,5 B.
2,1 10
1

-7 2

:
U = 1,5 B.

783(774).
U
R=
;
I

I1=I2=I3=I; R1 : R2 : R3=

U1 U 2 U 3
:
:
=U1 : U2 : U3=1 : 2 : 3.
I
I
I

225

 784(775).
.
:
U = 24 B,
U
U + U 2 U U3
24 B 4 B
I = 12 = 1
= 2 A;
=
=
R1 = 4 ,
R12 R1 + R2 R1 + R2 4 + 6
R2 = 6 ,
U3 = 4 B.
U
4B
R3 = 3 =
= 2 ;
I
2A
U1 = IR1 = 2 A 4 = 8 ;
U2 = IR2 = 2 A 6 = 12 .
I, : I = 2 A, R3 = 2 , U1 = 8 B, U2 = 12 B.
R3, U1, U2.
785(776).
: R1 = 240 ,
U1 = 120 B,
U = 220 B,
S = 0,55 2 =
= 5,5107 2,
= 110108 .

.
I=

U1 U 2 U U1
;
=
=
R1 R2
R2

R2 =

l
;
S

U1 U U1
=
S;
R1
l

l = (U U1 )R1S =
U1

(220 B 120 B) 240 5,5 107 2

120 110 108

= 100 .

StudyPort.ru
l.

786(777).
: U = 45 B,
U1 = 30 B,
R1 = 20 ,
) Ra=6 , Ia=2A,
) R = 30 ,
I = 4 ,
) R = 800 ,
I = 0,6 .

I, R2.

226

: l = 100 .

.
U = U1 + U2;
U2 = U U1 = 45 B 30 B = 15 B;
I=

U1
30 B
= 1,5 A;
=
R1 20

R2 =

U 2 15 B
=
= 10
I
1,5 A

) (Ra < R2), )

(I < I).
).
: ).

 787(778).
:
S1 = 0,6 2 =
= 6107 2,
n1 = 2,
S2 = 0,85 2 =
=8,5107 2, n2=4,
l1 = l2 = l = 1 =
= 103 ,
1 = 12108 ,
2 = 1,7108 ,
I = 0,1 A.
U.

.
R1 = 1 l = 12108
n1 S1

103
2 6 107 2

R2 = 2
=5 ;

= 100

103
l = 1,7108
=
4 8,5 10 7 2
n 2S2

R1 R2
100 5
=0,1 A
= 0,48 B.
100 + 5
R1 + R2
: U = 0,48 B.

U=IR=I

788(779).
, 2 ,
.
789(780).
.
:
R = 385 ,
U
IaR
niR
I = 3,8104 A, R = I = I I = I ni ;

a
n = 10,
4
10 3,8 10 A 385
I1 = 3 A,
= 0,049 ;
R1 =
I2 = 10 A.
3 10 3,8 104

StudyPort.ru
R2 =

R1, R2.

10 3,8 104 A 385

10 10 3,8 104

= 0,015 .

: R1 = 0,049 , R2 = 0,015 .

790(781).
.
:
R = Rg + R;
R = 2,3 ,
U
U
U=1,4103 B,
U

R=
R = 1 R;
Rg = R R =
n = 10,
I
nu / R
nu
U1 = 5 B,

5B
1 2,3 = 820 ;
R1 =
U2 = 15 B.
3
10 1,4 10 B

15 B
1 2,3 = 2460 .
R2 =
3
10 1,4 10 B

R1, R2. :
R1 = 820 , R2 = 2460 .
227

 791(782).
.
:
R = 200 , 1) .
I = 100 =
U
2B
R = Rg + R; Rg = R R = 1 R = 4
= 104 ,
I
10 A
U1 = 2 B,
200 = 19800 = 19,8 .
I1 = 10 =
U
IR
104A 200
= 102 .
=2,2 .
2) . R= =
= 2
4
I1 I

10 10

Rg, R. :
Rg = 19,8 , R = 2,2 .

792(783).
2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 .
793(784).
:
.
R2 = nR1.
R1 = R1 + R2 = R1 + nR1 = R1(n + 1);
U
U
RR
R nR
nR
=
; R2= 1 2 = 1 1 = 1 ;
I1=
R1 + R2 R1 + nR1 n + 1
R1 R1 (n + 1)
I2 =

U
R2

U (n + 1) I 2 U (n + 1)R1 (n + 1) (n + 1) 2
;
=
.
=
nR1
nR1 U
n
I1

2
I2
. : I 2 = (n + 1) .
I1
I1
n

StudyPort.ru
794(785).
.
:
N = 4,
R1
U1 = 3 B, R= n +R2;
I1 = 0,3 A,
U
U
= R
;
U = 5,4 B. I =
1
R
+R
n

I=

U1
nU 1
=
;
R1 / n
R1

R2=
=

U
R1
n

+ R2

nU1
;
R1

R1 U
U U

1 = 1
1 =

n U1 nI1 U1

3 B 5,4 B
1 = 2 .

4 0,3 A 3 B

R2. : R2 = 2 .
228

 795(786).
:
.
R.
U
I1 =
(. 79 ) );
3R
I2 = =

U
R
2

+R

2U
(. 79 ) );
3R

I 2 2U 3R
=
=2.

I 1 3R U

I2
.
I1

I2
= 2.
I1

796(787).
,
.
) ;
( ) .
)
; ( ) .
797(788).
.
:
U = 90 B,
R1 = R2 = R,
R2 R3
4R2
R3 = 4R1 = 4R, R = R1 + R + R = R + 5R = 1,8 R;
2
3
I = 0,5 A
U
90 B
= 100 ;
U = IR = 1,8IR; R =
=

StudyPort.ru
1,8 I

1,8 0,5 A

R1 = R2 = R = 100 ; R3 = 4R = 400 ;
U1 = IR1 = 0,5 A 100 = 50 ;
U3 = U U1 = 90 B 50 B = 40 B;
I1 =

U1
50 B
= 0,5 A;
=
R1 100

I3 =

U3
40 B
= 0,1 A.
=
R3 400

R1, R2,
:
R3, U1, U3, I1, I3. R1 = R2 = 100 , R3 = 400 , U1 = 50 B,
U3 = 40 B, I1 = 0,5 A, I3 = 0,1 A.
229

 798(789).
:
.
R1 = 1 ,
R2 = 2 ,
R ( R + R + R ) 1 (2 + 3 + 4 )
=0,9
) R= 1 2 3 4 =
R3 = 3 ,
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
R4 = 4 .
(R + R )(R + R ) (1 + 2 ) (3 + 4 )
) R= 1 2 3 4 =
= 2,1
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4

1 + 2 + 3 + 4

R (R + R + R ) 4 (1 + 2 + 3 )
) R= 4 1 2 3 =
=2,4
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

R.

) R=

R2 (R1 + R3 + R4 ) 2 (1 + 3 + 4 )
=1,6
=
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

) R=

(R1 + R4 )(R2 + R3 ) (1 + 4 )(2 + 3 )

=2,5
=
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

) R=

R3 (R1 + R2 + R4 ) 3 (1 + 2 + 4 )
=2,1 .
=
R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

:
) 0,9 ; ) 2,1 ; ) 2,4 ; ) 1,6 ;
) 2,5 ; ) 2,1 .

799(790).
.
:
I3=2A;
R1=2;
U1 = U3 = I3R3=2A15=30;
R2=10;
U
30
I2 = 2 =
= 3 ;
R3=15;
R2 10
R4=4
I1 = I4 = I2 + I3=3 A+2 A=5 A;
U1 = I1R1 =5 A2 =10 ;
U4 = I4R4 = 5 4 = 20 ;
U = U1 + U2 + U4 = 10 + 30 + 20 = 60 .
I1, I2, :
I1 = 5 A, I2 = 3 A, I4 =5A, U1 = 10 B,
I4, U1, U2,
U3, U4, U.
U2 = 30 B, U3 = 30 B, U4 = 20 B, U = 60 B.

StudyPort.ru
800().
:
U = 100
r= 21
R- ?

R=r+

r 3r
+ r = 2, 75r = 57, 75
r + 3r

: R = 57,75.
230

 801(792).
H2

H1
R

.
.
I=I2 I1=0,5-0,35=0,15

:
U = 6 B,
R = 30 ,
U1=3,5 B,
I1=0,35 A,
U2=2,5 B,
I2=0,5 A
R.

Rp =

U1 3,5 B
=
23 .
I p 0,15 A

: R = 23 .

802(793).
:
U
3,5 B
. R1 = 1 =
= 12,5 ;
U1 = 3,5 B,
I1 0,28 A
I1 = 0,28 A, P = U I = 3,5 B 0,28 A = 0,48 ;
1
1 1
U2 = 220 B,
R2 60
U 2
P2 = 60
I =
=
= 0,27 ; P = 2 ;
2

U2

220

R2

U 2 2 ( 220 B )
=
810 .
60
P
2

StudyPort.ru
R2 =

R1,
: R1 = 12,5 , 1 = 0,98 , I2 = 0,27 ,
P1, I2, R2.
R2 = 810 .
803(794).
2
:
U 2 ( 220 B )
.
)
P
=
=
600 .
U = 220B,
R1 80,7
R1=R2=80,7
) ) R = R1 + R2 = 2 R1 ;
)
( 220 B )2 300 .
U2 U2
=
=
P =
R
2 R1 2 80,7
)
2

RR
R
U2
U 2 2 ( 220 B)
) R = 1 2 = 1 ; P = = 2 =
1200 .
R2 + R2

R1

80,7

:
) 600 ; ) 300 ; ) 1200 .
231

 804().
:
.
R1=360 Q =RI2 =UI
R2 =360
=> , 1,5 .
I, U1,
U2, R2, P2. : 1,5 .
805(796).
: n = 10, .
R1=0,5 =
U
nU
U 2 = U U 1 ; I 2 = I1 = 1 = 1 ;
= 500 ,
R1 / n
R1
U1 = 120 B,
nU
P = U 2 I 2 = (U U1 ) 1 = ( 220 B 120 B) 10 120 B = 240 .
U = 220 B
R1

500

: = 240 .

806(797).
40 ,
100 .
P1 = I12 R1 = I 2 R1 ; P2 = I 2 2 R2 = I 2 R2 ; P1 > P2 R1 > R2 .

807(798).
:
.
l = 0,1l
U2
U2
, P2 = ;
P1 =
R1

R2

StudyPort.ru
l

P2 R1
s
= = l
P1 R2 l
s

l
l
, .
=
= 11
l l l 01
,l

: 1,1 .
P2
.
P1

808(799).
:
U = 380 B,
I = 20 A,
m = 1 =1000 ,
h = 19 ,
t = 50 c
.

232

mgh
;
t
mgh
100% =
100% ;
UIt

P = UI ; P =
=

P
P

1000 10 / 2 19
100% = 50% .
380 20 50

: = 50%.

 809().
:
U, I, n, F, V
P, N, .

.
P = nUI ;
N = FV ;
N
FV
= 100% =
100%
P
nUI

810(801).
, .
811().
.
:
P, m, t1, t2,
A, Q, . A = P;

Q = cm ( t2 t1 ) ;
=

812(803).
:
= 4210-8,
S = 0,84 2
= 8,410-72,
U = 220 ,
V =2 =210-33,
D = 1000 /3,
t1 = 200C,
t2=1000C,
= 10 =600 ,
= 80%,
= 4200/

cm ( t2 t1 )
Q
100% =
100%
A
P

.
A =

U2
U2
=
S;
l
R

cDV ( t2 t1 ) l

100%

StudyPort.ru
l=

U 2 S
cDV ( t2 t1 ) 100%

80% ( 220 B ) 8,4 107 2 600

2

l=

l.

U 2 S

4200

1000

3

2 1033

10000 200 42 108 100%

=69 .
:
l = 69 .

233

 813().
:
R, m, t1, U, r
t2, m1.

.
1)

U2
U 2
= cm ( t2 t1 ) ; t2 =
+ t1
R
cmR

2)

U2
= cm (100 t1 ) + rm1 ,
R

r .
m1 =

U2
R

cm (100 t1 )
r

t2, C

1
2
3
4
5
6

814(805).
:
= 1,5 ,
I = 0,2 A,
t = 1 = 60
.

m1,
85

92
272
79
42
17
.
A = q = It = 0,2 A 60 c 1,5 B = 18 .
: 18 .

StudyPort.ru
815(806).
.
:

12 B
=12,
I=
=
= 2 , U = IR = 2 A 5 = 10 .
r=1 ,
R + r 5 + 1
R = 5
Y, U.
: I = 2 A, U = 10 B.
816(807).
:
.
, R = r

I=
=
;
R + r 2r

U = IR =
r = .
2r
2

U.
.
:
U=

234

 817(808).
:
= 4,5 ,
U=4 B,
I=0,25 A
r.

.
I=

; r = IR = U = 4,5 B 4 B = 2 .
I
I
0,25 A
R+r

: r = 2 .

818(809).
U 30 B 28 B
:

. I =
; I=
=
=1 ;
=
= 30 ,
r
2
R+r U +r
I
r = 2 ,

=
q

=
It

=
1
A

300
c 30 B = 9000 = 9

U = 28 B,

=
UIt
=
28
B

1
A

300
c = 8400 = 8,4
t = 5 =

= 300
. = = 9 8,4 = 0,6
I, A,
, .

: I = 1 A, A = 9 , = 8,4 ,
= 0,6 .

819(810).
, .
820(811).
.
:
R=2 ,

IR

I
1,1 B 0,5 A
; r=
; I3 = =
I=
=
= 5,5 A .
=1,1 ,
R+r
I
r IR 1,1 B 0,5 A 2
I = 0,5A
I3. : I3 = 5,5.

StudyPort.ru
821().
.
:
I1 =0,5A

I1 =
=U
I2 = 0,9A
R1 + r
1 +r
U1 = 4
I1
U2 = 3,6B

I2 =
=U
R2 + r
2 +r
I2

U2
+r
I1
U U2
I
= 2
<=> r = 1
= 1
I 2 U1 + r
I 2 I1
I1
= U 2 + I 2 r = 4 ,5 B

, r.

: r = 1 , =4,5.
235

 822(813).
:
.
R1 = 16 ,
I1 = 1 A,
I =
1 R +r
R2 = 8 ,
1
;

I2 = 1,8 A
I =

R2 + r

= I1 (R1 + r ) ;
I2 =
r=

, r.

I1 ( R1 + r )
R2 + r

I1R1 I 2 R2 1 A 16 1,8 8
=
= 2 ;
I 2 I1
1,8 1

= I1 (R1 + r ) = 1 (16 + 2 ) = 18 .
:
= 18 ,
r = 2 .

823(814).
:
.
I1 = 30 A,
P1 = 180 ,

I1 = R + r =
I2 = 10 A,
1

P2 = 100

I = =
2 R2 + r

P1
I12

+r

StudyPort.ru
=

I2 =

r=

, r.
236

P2
I 22

+r

P1
+ I1r ;
I1
P1
+ I1r
I1
P2
I22

P1
I1

+r
P2
I2

I 2 I1

180
30

100
10

10 30

= 0,2 .

P1
180
+ I1r =
+ 30 0,2 = 12 .
I1
30

:
= 12 , r = 0,2 .

 824(815).
.
:
U = 6 B,
U1 = 3 B 1) . =U=6 B.
R

U1 = I1R1 = R + r
;

2R
U 2 = I 2 R2 =
2R + r

r=

( U1 ) R = (U U1 ) R ;

U2 =

U1

U1

2R

(U U1 ) R
2R +

U1

2U
2+

U U1

U1

26 B
2+

6 B3 B
3B

=4B.

2) .
R

U1 = I1R1 = R + r

;
2
U 2 = I 2 R2 =
R

+r
2

U
R
(
(U U1 ) R ;
1)
r=
=
U1
U1
U2 =

R
2
U U1 R

R (
+
2

2 U U1

6B

1+

2( 6B 3B )
3B

=2B.

StudyPort.ru
1+

U1

U1

U2. : 1) 4 ; 2) 2 .

825(816).
:
= 40 ,
r = 0,04 ,
= 1,710-8,
S = 170 2=
= 1,710-42,
l = 50 ,
I = 200 A

.
R =

I=

2l
2 50
= 1,7 10 8
= 102 ;
S
1,7 10 4 2

R + r

R =

40 B
r =
0,04 = 0 ,16 ;
200 A
l

U = IR = 200 0,16 = 32 ;
U = U IR = 32 200 10-2 = 30 ;
P = U I = 30 200 = 6000 = 6 .
U, U, . : U = 32 , U = 30 , P = 6 .
237

 826().
.
:
n = 50
R = 300
R
R =
U = 128
n
r = 0,1
U
nU
r = 0,4 I = R = R = 20 A
I=

<=> = 130 B
R + r + r'

RI
= 120 B
n
P = UI = 2,4

U2 =

I, ,
U2, P- ?

:
I =20, =130,
U2 = 120, P =2,4.

827().
:
.
r, n, U, P, l, S,
U
I, R, U,
P = I ;
P, U, U, .
n
nP
;
I=
U
2l
R =
;
S
U = IR

StudyPort.ru
P = U I ;

U = U + U ;
U = Ir;

= U + U

1
2
3
4
5
238

I, A
2,5
0,5
42,5
5,6
26,8

R,
2,8
0
0,5
0,17
1,6

U, B
7,1
0
21,6
1
43,3

P, B U, B U, B
18,1
227
0,48
0
220
0
920
242
3,40
5,3
4
0,78
1160
423
5,64

, B
228
220
245
5
429

 828(818).
.
:
R1 = 3 ,
R2 = 12 ,
P1 = I12 R1 =
1 = 2

2 R1

2R2

2 R2

R2

P2 = I22R2 =
2 R1

( R1 + r )2
( R2 + r )2

( R1 + r )2 ( R2 + r )2
R1

( R1 + r )2 ( R2 + r )2
r 2 (R2 R1 ) = R1 R2 2 R2 R12 = R1 R2 ( R2 R1 ) ;
r = R1 R 2 = 3 12 = 6 ;

1 =

P1
100% ;
P1

1 =
1 =

2
;
R1 + r
2 R1
2

R1 + r
2

100% =

( R1 + r )

3
=
100% 33% ;
3 + 6

2 = 2 100% ;
2

R1
100% =
R1 + r

StudyPort.ru
2 =

2
;
R2 + r
2 R2

R +r
R2
2 2 100% =
100% =
R2 + r
( R2 + r ) 2

3
=
100% 67% .
3 + 6
r, 1, 2. :
r = 6 ;
1 = 33%; 2 = 67%.
2 =

239

 829(819).
:
U
6,3 B
. R1 = 1 =
= 21 O ;
= 2 ,
I1 0 ,3 A
r = 1 ,
U2=U1 =9 B 6,3 B = 2,7 B
U1 = 6,3 B,
U
2 ,7 B
R= R =
= 3
I1 = 0,3 A.
3 0,3 A

3I1

I2 =

R+

R1
2

+r

9B
3 +

21
2

+ 10

0 ,62

P1 = U1I1 = 6,3 B 0,3 A = 1,89

2

2
I2
0 ,62 A
P2 = 2 R1 =
21 = 2,02
2
2

P2 2 ,02
=
1,1 .
P1 1,89

2
.
1

: 1,1 .

830(820).
:
r, , R = 3r.

. I1 =
I2 =

=
=
R1 + r 9r + r 10r

I2
10r
=
=
;
=

=5
R2 + r r + r 2r I1 2r

5 .

StudyPort.ru
U 2 I 2 R2
r 5
=
= 5 = 0 ,56
9r 9
U1 I1R1

9
= 1,8 .
5

P2 U 2 I 2 5
25
=
= 5 =
2,8
9
P1 U1I1 9

I
U
P
2 , 2 , 2 .
I1 U1 P1

2,8 .
:
I2
= 5,
I1
U2
0,56,
U1
P2
2,8.
P1

240


( )

. , B .
S N
, .
, (
), : ,
.

. , , B .
( )
S
= BScos , B .
FA ,
, , . , FA ,

StudyPort.ru
L I,
B , : FA = IBlsin ,

.

:
,
B ,
, 90
.
241

 . Fm ,

, I
F
L: B = m . ,
Il
,

.
F , q, B v , . :
F = qvBsin ,
v B .
:
,
B , ,
,
( ),
90 .
, , . B
B0 . -

StudyPort.ru

B
= B0

.
831(821).

N .
832(822).

+ .
833(823).

.
:
S = 1 2 = 10 4 2,
M
2 106 H
2
= 2 = 210 6 , B = IS = 0,5 104 2 = 4 10 .
I = 0,5 A.
.
: = 410 2 .
242

 834(824).

.
:
M
S = 400 2 = 410 2 2,
;
B=
= 0,1 ,
IS
= 20 = 210 2 .
M
2 102 H
I=

I.

BS

0,1 4 102 2

=5 .

: I = 5 A.

835(825).

: n = 200,
a = 10 = 0,1 ,
b = 0,5 = 0,05 ,
= 0,05 ,
I = 2 A.
Mmax.

.
=

M max M max
=
;
ISn
Iabn

Mmax = BIabn= 0,05 2 0,1 0,05

200 = 0,1 .
: Mmax = 0,1 .

836(826).

:
L = 8 =
= 0,08 ,
= 0,2 ,
I = 4 A,
) ;
)
.

.
l

) Mmax = BIS = BI
4
2

0 ,08
4
3,2 10 = 0,32
4

Mmax=0,24

) Mmax = BIS = BI

StudyPort.ru
2

0,08
4,110 4 =
2 3,14

Mmax=0,243,14

Mmax.

=0,41.
:
) Mmax = 0,32 ; ) Mmax = 0,41 .

837(827).

:
.
= BS
S = 60 2 = 610 3 2,
= 0,3 = 310 4 .
3 104
=

6 103 2

= 0,05 = 50 .

: = 50 .

243

 838(828).

:
S = 50 2 = 510 3 2,
= 0,4 ;
) = 0;
) = 45;
) = 60.

. = BS coS
) = 0,4 510 3 2 coS 0 =
= 210 3 = 2
) = 0,4 510 3 2 coS 45 =
= 1,410 3 = 1,4
) = 0,4 510 3 2 coS 60 =
= 10 3 = 1 .
:
) 2 ; ) 1,4 ; ) 1 .

.
839(829).

), ), ), ), ) ;
) ;
ur
), ) .
Fa
S

Fa

StudyPort.ru
Fa

244

Fa

Fa

S
Fa
)

N
I

Fa

S
Fa = 0, .. Fa || I

840(830).

:
L = 5 = 0,05 ,
F = 50 = 0,05 ,
I = 25 A, = 90.

.
F=IBLSIn;

: = 0,04 .

B=

F
0,05 H
=
= 0,04 .
Ilsin 25 A 0,05 sin 90

841(831).

StudyPort.ru
.
F = BILSIn=
= 0,01 50 0,1 SIn90 = 0,05 H.

:
= 10 = 0,01 ,
I = 50 A, L = 0,1 ,
= 90.
F.

: F = 0,05 H.

842(832).

.
BIL = mg;

:
L = 20 = 0,2 ,
m = 4 , = 410 3 ,
I = 10 A.

B=

mg 4 103 10 / 2
=
= 0,02 =
Il
10 0,2

= 20 .
: = 20 .

B.
843(833).

245
y
T

:
L, m, I, .

.
FA = BIL;

FA
BIl
= tg ;
= tg ;
mg
mg

mg tg
.
Il
mg tg
.
: B =
Il

B=
.
844(834).

:
L = 8 = 0,08 ,
I = 50 A, = 20 =
=0,02, R=10
=0,1.
.

.
A = I = BSI = BLRI
A = 0,02 0,08 0,1 50 =
= 0,008 .
:
= 0,008 .

StudyPort.ru
845(835).

846(836).

, D.
847(837).

:
q = 1,610 19 ,
= 0,2 ,
v = 10 / = 107 /.
F.

246

.
F = qvB =
= 1,610 19 0,2 107 / =
= 3,2 10 13 = 0,32 .
:
F = 0,32 .

 848(838).

:
v = 10 / = 107 /,
R = 1 = 0,01 ,
q = 1,610 19 ,
m = 9,110 31 .

F=FC; qvB= m
B=

v2
;
R

mv 91
, 1031 107 /
=

qR 1,6 1019 0,01

5,610 3 = 5,6 .
:
= 5,6 .

.
849(839).

:
B = 0,01 ,
R = 10 = 0,1 ,
q = 1,610 19 ,
m = 1,6710 27 .

.
F = FC;
qvB = m
v=

v.

v2
R

qBr 1,6 1019 0 ,01 0,1

=
96000 /c.
m
1,67 1027

:
v = 96 /c.

850(840).

:
= 10 =
=10 2 ,
W = 30 =
= 4,810 15 ,
q = 1,610 19 ,
m = 9,110 31 .

.
qvB = m

v2
mv
mv 2
2W
; R=
; W =
; v=
m
2
R
qB

StudyPort.ru
R=

2mW
m
2W

=
=
qB
m
qB

2 9 ,1 1031 4 ,8 1015
1,6 1019 102

=5,810

R.

=5,8.
: R = 5,8 .

247

 851(841).

:
mv2
mv
) vp = v ; . qvB = R ; R = qB ;
) Wp = W ,
m v q p B m q p 4
R
m = 4mp,
=
= =2
) =
R
q B m p v p m pq 2
p
q = 2qp.
)

m v q p B
R
v
=
= 2 4; W = Wp
Rp
q B mp vp
vp

2
mp
m v2 m p v p v
1
1 1 R
=
;
=
=
= ;
= 2 =1.
vp
m
4 2 Rp
2
2
2

R : ) 2; ) 1.
.
Rp

852(842).

:
= 4 =
= 410 3 ,
q = 1,610 19 ,
m = 9,110 31 .
.

mv 2
qBR 2
;v=
;
=
R
m
T
2m
2 3,14 9,1 1031
=
T=
=
qB
1,6 1019 4 103
= 8,910 9 = 8,9 .
: = 8,9 .

. qvB =

853(843).

.
:
= 1 / = 103 /,
E 103 /
= 106 / .
= 1 = 10 3 . F = F; eE = evB; v = B = 3

StudyPort.ru
v.

248

: v = 106 /.

10

 854(844).

:
B, R, U.

.
A = W;
qU =

mv2
;
2

F = F;
qvB = m
v=q

v2
;
R

BR
;
m

q
q 2 B2 R 2
= 2
;
m m
2U
q
2U
= 2 2.
m B R

q
.
m

q
2U
=
.
m B2R2

855().

:
=60
r = 5
T=60

.
T=

2m
2m
<=> B =
= 0,6
qB
qT

F = qvB sin

qBr

3
mv 2 sin 2 => v = m sin = 6 10 /
ma =

StudyPort.ru

v, B.

:
v = 6 /,
B =0,6.

856(846).

:
1) 0 = 0,4 = 410 4 ,
= 0,8 ;
2) 0 = 1,2 = 1,210 3 ,
= 1,2 .
.

B
0 ,8
=
= 2000
B0 4 104
B
1,2
2) =
=
= 1000 .
B0 1,2 103

1) =

:
1) 2000;
2) 1000.
249

 857(847).

:
0 = 2,2 = 2,210 3 ,
1 = 0,8 , 2 = 1,4 .

.
1 = 1S;
2 = 2 S

1,4
2
= 2 =
= 1,75 .
1 0,8
1

2
.
1

:
1,75 .

858().

: 0=2 =2103 ,
S=100 2=0,01 2, =0,8 .
.

.
= S = 0,8 0,01 2 =
= 810 3 = 8 .
:
= 8 .

StudyPort.ru
250



,
.
,
. ,
. I :
I = envS ,
e , v
, S .

, , .
R t :
R = R0 (1 + t ) ,
R0 0C, .
:

StudyPort.ru
= 0 (1 + t ) ,

0 0 C.

. .
(
) ( )
(
).
. ,
, . ,
, n-.
251

. , ,
. , ,
p-. .
.
, ,
, .
, . , ,
.
, , .
. (), (), , E .

, . , , . .
, .
.
. . , ,
.
.
. m ,
, , q, : m = kq = kIt , I , t , k -

StudyPort.ru
252

.
:
k=

1 M
,
eN A n

e , N A , M
, n .

.
, ,
. ,
,
. - . . . (, ) ,
. ,
.
.
E
, L:
mv 2
= eEl .
2
,
, ,
, .

. .

StudyPort.ru
253

 859(849).

:
I = 0,32 A,
e = 1,610 19 ,
t = 0,1 c.

N.

: N = 21017.

q
;
e
q
It 0,32A 0,1c
= 2 1017 .
I = ; q = It; N = =
e 1,6 1019
t
N=

860(850).

:
S = 5 2 = 510 6 2,
I = 10 A,
n = 51028 3,
= 1,610 19 .
v.

.
I = neSv
I
10 A
=
=
neS 5 1028 3 1,6 1019 5 106 2

v=

= 2,510 4 / = 0,25 /.
: v = 0,25 /.

861(851).

d
d2 = 1 .
2

I = neSv; v =
S=

I
;
neS

d 2
4I
; v=
;
4
ned 2
2

v2
4I
ned12 d1
=

= =4.
v1 ned 22
4I
d2
v
: 2 = 4.
v1

StudyPort.ru

v2
.
v1

862(852).

:
n = 1028 3,
= 96 / =
=9,610 2 /,
= 1,610 19 .

I = neSv; v =

v=
4

v.

254

I
U
El
E
=
=
=
neS RneS l neS en
2

9,6 10 /
1,6 1019 1028 3 12 108

/=0,5/.
: v = 0,5 /.

=510-

 863(853).

:
S = 25 2 =
= 2,210 5 2,
I = 50 A,
= 8900 /3,
NA = 6,021023 1,
= 63,510 3
/.
v.

.
I = neSv; n =
=

NA
I
IM
v=
=
; v=
neS eS N A
M

50A 63,5103/
19

, 10
16

2,51052 8900/3 6,02 10231

= 1,510 4 / = 0,15 /.
: v = 0,15 /.

864(854).

:
= 0,004 1,
R2
= 2 , t1 = 0C.
R1

.
R 2 R1
= t 2
R1
t2 =

t2.

R2 R1 2 R1 R1 1
1
=
= =
= 250.
R1
R1
0 ,004 K 1

: t2 = 250C.

865(855).

:
I1 = 14 = 0,014 ,
I2 = 10 = 0,01 ,
U1 = U2,
t1 = 0C,
t2 = 100C.

R R1
= t 2 ;
. 2
R1
1 1

I 2 I1
t2

1
1

0 ,01 A 0 ,014 A
100C
0 ,014 A

U
I2

U
I1

U
I1

= t 2

StudyPort.ru
=

I1

= 0 ,004K 1 .

: = 0,004 1.

866(856).

, .
867(857).

, , , .

255

 868(858).

:
= 0,0093 1,
t1 = 0C,
t2 = 30C.

.
2 1
=
1

1 1

R2 R1
1
R1

R1 R2 R1
=
1
R2
R2

R2 R1
R
1

= t 2 1 =
; 2 1 100% =
R1
1
R2 1 + t2

1
t 2
1 100% =
100% 11,4% .
+
+
1
t
1
t 2
2

: 11,4%.
2 1
100% .
1

869(859).

:
U1 = 220 B,
P1 = 100 ,
U2 = 2 B,
I2 = 54 =
=0,054 ,
= 0,0048 1.

t.

: t = 2500.

R1 R2
U2
U 2 ( 220 B )
= t ; P1 = 1 ; R1 = 1 =
= 484
R1
R2
100
P1
U2
2B
=
= 37
I
0,054 A
R R2
484 -37
t= 1
=
2500 .
R2
0 ,0048 1 37
R2 =

870(860).

:
= 0,006 1,
t2 = 50C,
t1 = 20C.

.
1 = 0(1 + t1); 2 = 0(1 + t2);

StudyPort.ru
0 =
2 =

2.

; 2 = 1 (1 + t2 )
1 + t1
1 + t1
12 108

1 + 0 ,006

20

(1 + 0,006 1 50)

1,410 7 .
: 2 = 1,410 7 .

871(861).

:
n = 31019 3,
= 5400 /3,
= 0,073
/.
256

. n =

NA
;
M

n n M
3 1019 3 0 ,073 /
=
=

n N A 5400 / 3 6 ,02 1023 1

6,71010.

n
.
n

: 6,710 10.

872(862).

, . .
, .
873(863).

, , .
874(864).

:
R = 1 =103 ,
U = 20 ,
I1 = 5 =510 3 ,
I2 = 10 =10 2 .

. I1 =
I2 =

U
U
; R2 = R
R2 + R
I2

R1
=
R2

R1
.
R2

U
U
; R1 = R
R1 + R
I1

U
I1

U
I2

20 B

R
R

103

5103 A
20 B
103
102 A

=3.

R1
= 3.
R2

875(865).

, .. . ,
, .
, R2 < R1. , .
.
3
.

StudyPort.ru
876(866).

:
R1 = 25 =
=2,5104 ,
R = 5 =
=-5103 ,
U1 = U2 = U,
I2 = 4I1.

.
U = I1 (R1 + R)
R +R
; 1= 1

U
=
I
(
R
+
R
)
=
4
I
(
R
+
R
)
R2 + R )
4(
2 2
1 2

R2 =

R1 3R 2 ,5 104 3 5 103
=
=
4
4

= 2,5103 = 2,5 .
257

 R.

: R2 = 2,5 .

877(867).

: U1 = 0,5 B,
I1 = 5 = 5103 ,
U2 = 10 B,
I2 = 0,1 = 10 4 .

R1, R2.

: R1 = 100 ; R2 = 100 .

U1
0,5 B
=
= 100
I1 5 103 A
U
10 B
R2 = 2 = 4 = 105 = 100 .
I 2 10 A

R1 =

878(868).

:
I = 12 = 1,210 2 ,
I = 600 = 610 4 .
I.

.
I=II=1,210 2 6104 =
= 1,1410 4 = 11,4 .
:
I = 11,4 .

879(869).

.
:
= 6,910 19 ,
2
mvmin
2
2 6,9 1019
=
; vmIn =
=
=
m = 9,110 31 .
m
2
9,11031
= 1,2106 / = 1,2 /.
vmIn.
:
vmIn = 1,2 /.
880(870).

StudyPort.ru
:
= 1,610 19 ,

v2
=2,
v1

m = 9,110 31 .

v1 =

v1, v2.

258

mv 22 mv12 m(2v1 ) 2 mv12 3mv12

=
2
2
2
2
2

2 A
2 1,6 1019

=
3m
3 9,1 1031

0,34106 / = 0,34 /
v2 = 2v1 = 0,68 /.
:
v1 = 0,34 /, v2 = 0,68 /.

 881(871).

:
v = 8 / = 8106 /,
m = 9,110 31 ,
= 1,610 19 .

U=

U.

mv 2
2

eU =

mv 2 9,1 1031 (8 106/) 2

=
= 182
2e
2 1,6 1019

: U = 182 B.

882(872).

:
U = 16 =
=1,6104 ,
L = 30 = 0,3 ,
= 1,610 19 ,
m = 9,110 31 .

.
eU =
v=

mv 2
;
2
2eU
l
m
; t = =l
2eU
m
v

t = 0,3

t.

9,1 1031
2 1,6 1019 1,6 104

=4109 =4 .

: t = 4 .

883(873).

.
:
L=1 =10 2 ,
mv2
2eU
U m 2eU
v
eU =
; v=
; = m ; e =
U = 440 B,
2
m
t
l
t
m
e = 1,610 19 ,
31
31
2 9 ,1 10
m = 9,110
. t = ml 2eU = l 2m = 102
=
19

StudyPort.ru
eU

eU

1,6 10

440

= 1,6 10 = 1,6 .

t.

: t = 1,6 .

884(874).

+
v

v0

y
x
259

:
W = 8 =
= 12,810 16 ,
= 4 = 0,04 ,
d = 2 = 0,02 ,
y = 0,8 = 0,008 ,
m = 9,110 31 ,
= 1,610 19 .

U.

.
W =
t=

mv02
4; v0 =
2

2W
2W
4; x = v0t =
t
m
m

m
eE eU
x ; = ma; a =
=
m md
2W

y=

at 2 eU m
eUx 2
=

x2 =
2
4dW
md 2W

U=

4dyW

ex

4 0 ,02 0,008 12,8 1016

1,6 1019 ( 0,04 )2

= 3,2103 B = 3,2 .
: U = 3,2 .

885(875).

:
U = 5 = 5103 ,
= 5 = 0,05 ,
= 40 / = 4104 /,
m = 9,110 31 ,
= 1,610 19 .

.
mv 2
2eU
x
m
; v=
; x=vt; t= =
x
2
v
2eU
m
eE
eE = ma; a =
;
m

eU =

y=

y=

at 2 eE 2 m
Ex 2
x
=
=
2
2m
2eU 4U

4 104 / (0,05 ) 2
4 5 103

=0,005 =0,5 .

StudyPort.ru
y.

: y = 0,5 .

886(876).

,
.
887(877).

), ) ; ), ), ), ), ) ; ), ) .
888(878).

(IA = IB = I, m = kIt).
,
, , , .

260

 889().

:
i(t)
ZnSO4
t =90c
i =0..3A
M.

.
1
Q
F z
it
Q = = 135
2

M=

M=

1 it
1 65 103
=
135 = 45 .
F z 2 96840
2

: M =45.
890(880).

: t = 20 = 1200 ,
I = 0,5 A,
m1 = 70,4 = 0,0704 ,
m2 = 70,58 = 0,07058 .

.
m2 m1 = kIt
k=

m2 m1 0 ,07058 0 ,0704
=
=
It
0 ,5 1200

= 310 7 /.
: = 310 7 /.

k.
891(881).

.
:
m1 = 10 = 0,01 ,
k1 = 0,3610 6 /, m1 = k1q;
k2 = 0,1810 6 /. m = k q = k m1
2
2
2

StudyPort.ru
k1

m2=0,18106/

m2.

0,01

0,36 106/

=5103=5.

:
m2 = 5 .

892().

:
j = 0,5 /2
d = 70
= 85%

1
1
Q <=> V =
jSt <=>
F z
F z
1
d =
jt <=>
F z
M=

t=

t- ?

dFz 10 ,5 103 70 106 96480

=
= 4 ,3.
j
108 103 50

: t =4,3.
261

 893(883).

:
.
k1 = 1,1210 6 /. k = M1 ;
M2
k2 =
=
1
neN A

k2 =

neN A

197 103 /
108 103 /

M2

M1
k1eN A

eN A

M2 ;
k1
M1

6
, 106 / = 2,0410 / .
112

: k2 = 2,0410 6 /.

k2.
894(884).

:
n1 = 3, n2 = 2,
M1 = 0,056
/,
2 = 0,024
/.

m2
.
m1

.
m1 = k1 It =

M1
M2
It ; m2=k2 It=
It
n1eN A
n 2eN A

m2
= M 2 n1 = 0,024 / 3 = 1,53.
M1n2 0 ,056 / 2
m1

m2
= 1,53.
m1

895(885).

:
t = 40 =
= 2400 ,
I = 4 A,
k=0,33106 /,
n = 2,
M=0,0635 /.

.
m = kIt =
1 =

M
It ;
neN A

m
It
=
=
M neN A

StudyPort.ru
=

4 A 2400 c

2 1,6 1019 6,02 1023 1

2 =

1, 2.

= 0,05

m kIt 0,33 106 / 4 A 2400 c

= =
= 0,05.
M M
0,0635 /

: 0,05 .

896(886).

.
:
m = kIt
U = 5 B,
I = 40 = 4104 ,
m
103
=268817,2c3,1
t= =

m = 1 = 103 ,
kI 0,09310 6/ 4 104
6
k=0,09310 /. A = UIt = 5 4103 268817,2
5,4109 = 15106 = 15 .
t, A.
: t = 3,1 , = 15 .

262

 897(887).

. m1=k1q1; m2=k2 q2;

U1
= 14 ,
U2

A1=q1U1; A2=q2U2;

k1 = 0,09310 6 /,
k2 = 0,3310 6 /,
m1 = m2.

q 2 k1
;
=
q1 k 2

A1 q1U1 k2U1
0 ,33 106 /
14 50 .
=
=
=
A2 q2U 2 k1U 2 0,093 106 /

1
.
2

1
= 50.
2

898(888).

.
:
= Uit; m = kIt
m = 1 = 103 ,
U = 0,4 B,
m
103
m
6
A
U
,
0
4
B
;
=
=

=
It
k = 0,3310 /.
k
k
0,33 106 /
.

12103 330 .
: = 330 .

899(889).

:
V = 2,5 =
=2,51033,
t = 25C = 298 K,
p = 100 =
=105 ,
U = 5 B,
= 75%

.
m
VM
pVM
VM
; p
RT ; m = p
= kq ; q =
M
RT
kRT
RT
VMU
A
VMU
; =
=qU= p
100% = p
100%
kRTA

kRT
pV =

pVMU
100% =
kRT

StudyPort.ru
=

105 2,5 1033 0,002 / 5

0,0104 106/ 8,31

298 75%

100% = 1,3105 = 0,13 .

: = 0,13 .

900(890).

:
.
h = 50 =
m = kIt;
m
= 510 5 ,
t= ;
j = 2 /2 =
kI
= 2103/2,
m = V = Sh; I = jS
k = 0,1810 6 /.
h
7,2 103/3 5 105
t=
=
-6
3
kj

0,18 10 / 2 10 / 2

= 16,7 .

263

 t.

: t = 16,7 .

901(891).
h
h
h
k
=
= I Sh =
m
jt j

kI

S kI

902(892).

:
t = 1 = 3600 ,
j1 = 1 /2 = 100 /2,
j2 = 0,5 /2 = 50 /2,
k1 = 0,6210 6 /,

.
h k
= ;
gt
h=

k
jt ;

h1 =

0,62 106 /
7 ,3 103 /3

k2 = 1,1210 6 /,
1 = 7,3103 /3,
2 = 10,5103 /3.

100 /2 3600 = 3110 6 = 31 .

h2 =

h1, h2.

= 1910 6 = 19 .
: h1 = 31 , h2 = 19 .

1,12 106 /
3

10 ,5 10 /

50 /2 3600 =

903(893).

:
.
t = 1 c,
q eN
. N
I = =
N0 = 109 3 = 1015 3, n t
t
S = 100 2 = 10 2 2,
, 1 3 1 .
2
d = 5 = 510 ,
eN Sd
N = N0V = N0Sd; I n = 0 =
= 1,610 19 .
t

StudyPort.ru
=

In.

264

1,6 1019 1015 3 102 2 5 102

=
1

= 810 8 A = 80 .
: 80 .

 904(894).

:
W = 2,510 18 ,
d = 5 =
=510 6 .

.
W = eU = eEd; = W =
ed

1,6 1019 5 106

3,1106 / = 3,1 /
W=

E, v.

2,5 1018

mv 2
;v=
2

2W
=
m

2 2 ,5 1018
9 ,1 1031

2,3106 / = 2300 /.
: E = 3,1 /, v = 2300 /.

905(895).

.
:
d = 10 = 0,1 ,
U
W = eEL = e l ;
U = 600 B,
d
W = 1,710 18 .
Wd 1,7 1018 0,1
l=

L.

eU

1,6 1019 600

1,810 3 =1,8 .

: L = 1,8 .

906(896).

: U = 6 =6103 ,
= 3 / = 3106 /.

.
3
U=Ed; d =U = 6106 B =

E 310 /

=210 =2.
: d = 2 .

d.

StudyPort.ru
907(897).

, , .
.
908(898).

: t = 1 =
=10 3 , q = 20 ,
U = 2 = 2109 ,
n = 5.
I, P, W.

.
I=

q 20
=
t 103

= 2104 = 20

P = UI = 2109 B 2104 A = 41013 = 40

W = P nt = 40 5 1 = 200 .
:
I = 20 , = 40 , W = 200 .

909(899).

.
265

 910(900).

:
.
N
n=2,710223.
n1 = . V=1
V

=1000 .

1
22 , 4

. , 1 3
1000
44,6 .
22, 4

N = NA = 44,6 6,021023 1 26851022

n1 = 26851022 3;
=
.

n
2 ,7
100% =
100% 0,1%.
2685
n1

: = 0,1%.

911(901).

:
.
3
W = 2,510 18 .
W = ;
2

T=

2W
2 2,5 1018
=
= 1,2105 .
3k 2 1,38 1023 /

: = 1,2105 .

StudyPort.ru
266

,
, , ,
( ):
=

,
t

, t ,
.

, ,
, ,
, .
.
,
, . ,
, I : = LI,
L , .
, .

I :

StudyPort.ru
= L

I
,
t

t , .

W :
W=

LI 2
.
2

912(902).

), ) ; ), )
267

 ; ) ;
) ,
; )
.
913(903).

), ) ; ), ), ) .
914(904).

,
. ,
, .
915(905).

; .
; .
916(906). , , , ,
. ,
.
917(907).
,
. ,
.
918(908). , ,
.

StudyPort.ru
919(909).

.
920(910).

.
921(911).

:
t = 5 = 510 3 ,
1 = 9 = 910 3 ,
2 = 4 = 410 3 .
.
268

.
=

2 1 9 103 4 103
=
=
=
t
t
5 103

= 1 .
: = 1 .

 922(912).

:
n = 2000,
= 120 B.

120 B
N;
=
=
= 0,06 /c .
t
N 2000
t

: 0,06 /.

.
t

923(913).

: S = 50 2 =
=510 3 2,
1 = 0,2 ,
2 = 0,3 ,
t = 4 =410 3 ,
= 10 .
n.

.
=

(B B1 )Sn
BS
n=
n= 2
t
t
t

n=

t
10 B 4 10-3c
=
=80.
(B2 B1 )S (0 ,3 0,2 ) 5 103 2

: n = 80.

924(914).

: R=5=510 2 , .
= 18,6 =
1,86 102

E=
;

E= =
2
= 1,8610 ,
2rt
2 3,14 5 102 5,9 103
3
t = 5,9 = 5,910 . 10 /.
.
: = 10 /.
925(915).

q
. =
; I= =
R = 0,03 ,
t
R t
= 12 = 1,210 2 .
t 1, 2 102
= 0,4 .
q=
=
=

StudyPort.ru
R

q.

0 ,03

: q = 0,4 .

926(916).

:
B = 0,1 ,
R = 3,4 = 3,410 2 ,
S = 1 2 = 10 6 2,
= 1,710 8 .

.
=

I=
q=

q.

S
BR 2
=
; I = = 2R =
;
2R
D
t
t
2

tS BR t S BRS
q
=
=
; q=
2R
t 2R
2
t

0 ,1 3,4 102 106 2

2 1,7 108

= 0,1 .

: q = 0,1 .
269

 927(917).

: L = 10 = 0,1 ,
S = 1,4 2 = 1,410 6 2,

=10 /=102 /,
t

= 2,810 6 .
I.

I=

102/ 14
, 1062
t S
=5 .
;I=
= l =
R
t l
,
2,8108 01
S

: I = 5 A.

928(918).

:
L = 0,25 ,
=8 =8103,
v = 5 /, = 60.
.

.
=

BScos Bvt l cos

=
=
= Bvlcos
t
t
t

=810 3 5 / 0,25 oS60=

= 5103=5.
:
= 5 .

929(919).

:
L = 1 ,
= 30,
= 1 ,
= 0,2 .

v.

: v = 5,8 /.

BScos Bvt l cos

=
=
= Bvlcos
t
t
t

1B
5,8 /.
v=
=
Blcos 0,2 1 cos30
=

930(920).

StudyPort.ru
:
L = 1 ,
R = 2 ,
= 0,1 ,
= 1 ,
v = 4 /,
I = 0.

1B
= 0,4
=
R 2

1
) I = =
R
R

BS
1 =
=
= B l v
t
t
+ Blv 1 B + 0,1 1 4 /
= 0,7
I=
=
R
2

) I =

Blv 1 B 0,1 1 4 /
= 0,3
=
R
2

1B
= 10 /.
=
) I = 0; = BLv; v =
Bl 0,1 1
I=

270

 I, v.

:
) I = 0,5 A; ) I = 0,7 A; ) I = 0,3 A;
) v = 10 / .

931(921).

.
:
I = 5 A,
5 104
= 10 4 = 0,1 .
= 0,5 = 510 4 . L = I = 5
L.
: L = 0,1 .
932(922).

:
L = 0,2 = 210 4 ,
I = 10 A.
.

.
= LI = 210 4 10 =
= 210 3 = 2 .
: = 2.

933(923).

: I = 2 A,
t=0,25 c,
= 20 =
= 210 2 .
L.

.
L=

t 2 102 B 0,25c
=2,2103=2,5..
=
=
2A
I I

: L = 2,5 .

934(924).

.
:
LI 0, 4 5
L = 0,4 , I = 5 A,
=
=
=
= 100 .
t
t
0 ,02
t = 0,02 c.
.
: = 100 .

StudyPort.ru
935(925).

, .
936(926).

) ;
) ;
) .

271

 937(927).

:
L = 0,6 ,
I1 = 20 A,
I2 =

W1 =

I1
.
2

LI12 0 ,6 (20 ) 2
=
= 120 .
2
2
2

I
W1
LI 2 2
= 1 2 = 1 =4.
W2
2 LI 2 I 2

4 .
W
W1, 1 .
W2

: W1 = 120 ,

W1
= 4.
W2

938(928).

:
L = 0,5 ,
W = 1 .

I.

: I = 2 A.

W=

LI 2
2W
2 1
=
= 2 .
; I=
0,5
L
2

939(929).

:
I = 10 A,
= 0,5 .

.
LI 2
;
2

L= ;
I

W=

W=

I 2 I 0,5 10
=
=
= 2 ,5 .
2I
2
2

StudyPort.ru
W.

:
W = 2,5 .

940().

:
R = 8,02
L = 25
U = 55B
t = 12
, W.

272

LI 2 LU 2
=
= 0 ,6
2
2R2
LI LU
=
=
=
= 14 B
t
t
tR
W =

:
W = 0,6,
=14B.

 941().

:
L = 240
I = 11,4A
= 30B

.
LI 2
= 91
2
LI
LI
=
=
<=> t =
= 91
t
t

W=

W, t. :
W = 15,6 ,
t = 91.

StudyPort.ru
273


,
C L. q0, . q
t :
q (t ) = q0cos t ,
q0 , .

T : T = 2 LC .
:
=

1
1
.
=
T 2 LC

I,
:
I (t ) = I 0cos t ,
I0 , .
U I:
U = ZI,
Z , .

StudyPort.ru
:
Z=

X R2 + X C2 + X L2 ,

XR = R , X C =

1
C

, X L = L .
,
. , . .
P :

274

U0I0
,
2
I0, U0 .
, .
R.
() I , R
I ,
P=

. , I =

I0
.
2

() :
U
U = 0 .
2

, .
, .
n1 , n2.
U1,
U2. :
U1 n1 .
=
U2

n2

942(932).

StudyPort.ru
q1
=2.
q2

U1
U2

= q1 / c = q1 = 2 .
q2 / c

q2

2
I1
I2

= U1 / R = U1 = 2 .
U2 / R

U2

2
W1
W2

2

= q12 / (2c) = q1 = 4 .

q2 / (2c)

q2

4 .

U1 I1 W1
,
,
U 2 I 2 W2

U1
I
W
= 2, 1 = 2, 1 = 4.
U2
I2
W2

275

 943(933).

:
U = 20 B,
I2
= 2.
I1

U.

.
U 2 U1 = U

U 2 I 2
U = I = 2
1
1

U2=2U1;
2U1U1=U;
U1= U=20 B.
:
U1 = 20 B.

944(934).

:
L = 0,2 ,
I0 = 40 =
= 410 2 ,
I 1
= .
I0 2

WC,
WL.

2
LI 2 LI02 0,2 4 10
WL =
=
=
2
8
8

= 4105 = 40

2
2
2
WC = W WL = LI 0 LI 0 = 3 0,2 ( 4 102 ) =

=1,2104 = 120 .
: WL = 40 , WC = 120 .

945(935).

:=400 = .
=410 10 ,
C
4 1010
CUm2 LIm2
Um =
500 = 0,1 .
; Im =
=
L=10 =102 ,
L
2
2
102
Um = 500 B.
Im.
: Im = 0,1 A.

StudyPort.ru
946(936).

. WC + WL = W; WC = WL; 2WC = W
:
Im = 1,4 =
U m 280 B
CU 2 CU m2
= 1,410 3 , 2 2 = 2 ; U = 2 = 2 200 B; 2WL = W
Um = 280 B,
LI2 LI2m
I
1, 4 103 A
WL = WC.
2
=
; I= m =
10 3 A = 1 .
2

I, U.

276

: I = 1 , U = 200 B.

 947(937).

. WmL = WmC
:
L=31 =3,110 2 , LI2m CU 2m
S LI2
SU 2
; C= 0 ; m = 0 m
=
S = 20 2 = 210 3 2,
d
2
2
2
2d
d = 1 = 10 2 ,
2
2
4 2
LI d
3,1 10 (2 10 ) 102
Im = 0,2 =
= m 2 =
=
0SUm 8,85 1012 2 103 2 (10 )2
=210 4 ,
2

Um = 10 B.
= 7.
.
: = 7.
948().
2
:
LI2
CU 2 CU
C, L, U, U. . W = 2 ; 2 = 2 ; I =
I, W,
Li 2
2WL
WC, WL, I.
;I=
WL = W WC; WL =

C
Cu 2
U ; WC =
L
2

949(939).

:
q = 10
6
coS104t.

I(t),
T, , qm, Im.

. I=q(t)= 106 104 SIn104t=102 SIn104t

Im = 10 2A = 31,4 ; = 104
2
2
=
= 210 4 = 0,2 c
104
1
1
= 5103 = 5
= =
T 2 104 c

T=

qm = 10 6 = 1 .
: I(t) = 10 2 SIn104t, T = 0,2 ,
= 5 , qm = 1 , Im = 31,4 .

StudyPort.ru
950(940).

:
= 1 =
=10 6 ,
L = 4 ,
qm = 100 =
=10 4.

q(t), I(t),
U(t), Im, Um.

. q = qm coS0t; 0 = 1 =
LC

106 4

= 500 1

q(t) = 10 4coS 500t

I(t)=q(t)=104 500SIn 500t=0,05SIn 500t
U(t) = UmcoS 500t
2
CUm
LI2
L
4
= m ; Um=
Im =
0,05 = 100
2
2
C
106

U(t) = 100coS 500t.

: q(t) = 10 4coS 500t;
I(t) = 0,05 SIn 500t; U(t) = 100 coS 500t;
Im = 0,05 A; Um = 100 B.
277

 951(941).

:
= 0,4 =
=410 7 ,
= 50 =
=5104,
qm = 8 =
=810 6

. q(t) = qm coS 0t;

0=2=2 3,14 5104 =105 1
q(t) = 810 6 coS 105t; I(t) = q(t)=8106 105
SIn105t = 0,8SIn105t 2,5SIn105t
Im = 2,5 A;
1
1
1
; L= 2 = 5

1 2
LC
0C (10 3,14 c ) 4 107

0 =

2,510 5 = 25
CU m2 LI m2
L
2 ,5 105
; Um=
=
Im =
2 ,5 = 20
C
2
2
4 107

U(t) = Um coS 0t = 20coS 105 t.

: q(t) = 810 6coS 105t;
U(t) = 20 coS 105t; I(t) = 2,5 SIn 105 t;
Um = 20 B; Im = 2,5 A; L = 25 .

q(t),
U(t), I(t), Um,
Im, L.
952(942).

q
q= m .
2

q=qm coS0t=qm coS2

coS2

t
;
T

q 1
t
= = ;
T qm 2

t t 1
= ; = .
T 3 T 6
t
t
1
. :
= .
6
T
T

StudyPort.ru
953(943).

.
:
Um = 100 B, U = Um coS0t; 0 = 2;
= 5 , U = Um coS2t
U = 71 B.
u
;
coS2t =
Um

2t = aRccoS
arccos

t=

t.
278

u
Um

: 25 .

u
Um
arccos

71B
100B
6

2 3,14 5 10

= 2510 9c = 25 .

 954().

:
n =3

.
WC + WL = W

u
t

, .
Um T

Cu 2 Cu 2 CU m2
+
=
;
2
2n
2
u
=
Um

n
=0,866.
n +1

U = Um cos

2
t
T

arccos n
t
n +1
=
=0,833.
2
T
u
t
= 0,866,
= 0,833.
:
T
Um

955().

:
C = 800
L = 2
=9

.
T = 2 LC =250
=

1
=4 .
T

T, . : T =250, =4 .
956(946).

StudyPort.ru
:
L1 = 0,1 =
=10 7 ,
L2 = 10 =
=10 5 ,
1 = 50 =
=510 11 ,
2 = 5000 =
=510 9 .

1, 2.

.
1 =

1=

1
1
=
1 2 L1C1
1

2 3,14 10 5 10

11

7,1105

=710
2=

1
1
1
=
2=

5
2 2 L2C2
2 3,14 10 5 109

7,1107 = 71 .
: 1 = 710 , 2 = 71.

279

 957(947).

.
:
C = 50 =

1
=
=
=510 11 ,
2 2 LC
= 10 = 107 .
1
L=
=
2
(2) C

(2 3,14 10 ) 2 5 1011
7

= 5,110 6 = 5,1 .
: L = 5,1 .

L.
958(948).

2
= 25 ,
1

L2 1
= .
L1 16

1
.
2

1
=
2 2 LC

2 L2C2
1
1
25 5
L2C2

=
=
= = 1,25 .
=
1
16 4
L1C1
2
2 L1C1

: 1,25 .

959(949).

:
.
= 0,08 = 2 1 = ;
2
2
=810 8 ,
2


2
= 1 ; 2 = 1 1 ; 1 1 1 =
1
= 3.
2

1
2
2

StudyPort.ru
1 =

1.

1

2

8 10

32 1

=108=0,01 .

:
1 = 0,01 .

960().

:
,
2 = nT1.
1.

280

.
T = 2 LC ; n =

2
=
1

2
1

C2 = n2C1; C2 C1 = C; C1(n2 1) = C; C1 =

n2 1

 961(951).

:
2
=3.
1

.
1 = BS coS 1t; 2 = BS coS 2t = BS coS 31t
=

d
; e1 = BS1SIn1t = 1SIn1t
dt

e2 = 3BS1SIn31t = 2SIn2t
2
3

3BS 1
= 1 =3; 2 =
= 3.
BS 1
1
1
1

2 2
,
.
1 1

:

3 .

962(952).

:
S = 2002 =
=210 22,
= 8 1,
= 0,4 .
(t), e(t),
m.

.
(t) = 0SIn2t = BS SIn2t
(t) = 0,4210 2SIn28t = 0,008SIn16t
e(t) =

d
= 0,00816coS16t = 0,13coS16t
dt

m = 0,13 B = 0,4 B.
: (t) = 0,008SIn16t, e(t) =
= 0,4coS16t, m = 0,4 B.

963(953).

:
(t) = 0,01SIn10t.

.
m = 0,01 ; e(t) = (t) = 0,1 coS 10t

10
= 5 c 1; m = 0,1 B = 0,314 B.
=
2 2

StudyPort.ru
=

e(t), , m, em. :
e(t) = 0,1 coS 10t, = 5c 1,
m = 0,01 , m = 0,314 B.
964(954).

:
S = 500 2 = 510 2 2,
= 20 1,
= 0,1 ,
m = 63 B.
n.

.
m = nBS2;
n=
=

m
=
2BS

63B
2 3,14 20c

0,1 5 102 2

100 .

: n = 100.

965(955).

) ; ) .
281

 966(956).

; .
967(957).

m = 50 B; = 0,4 ; =

1
1
=
= 2,5 1;
0,4

e(t) = mcoS2t = 50coS5t

968(958).

:
t1 = 10 = 10 2 ,
t2 = 15 = 1,510 2 ,
t3 = 30 = 310 2 ,
Um = 200 B,
T = 60 = 610 2 .

.
U(t) = UmcoS

2
100t
t = 200coS

U1 = 200coS

100 102
= 100 B
3

U2 = 200coS

100 1,5 102

=0B
3

U3 = 200coS 100 3 10
3

U1, U2, U3.

= 200 B .

:
U1 = 100 B, U2 = 0 B, U3 = 200 B.

969().

:
I = 6A
= /6
I0,I.

.
I = I 0 sin <=> I 0 = 12 A
Ig =

I0

= 8,5 A.

StudyPort.ru
2

: I 0 = 12 A, I g = 8,5 A.

970(960).

:
.
U
Ug = 430 = 4,3105 .
U g = m ; Um =
2

Um.

282

2 Ug =

6,1105 B = 610 .
: Um = 610 .

2 4,3105 B

 971(961).

:
R = 50 ,
= 50 ,
Ug = 220 B.

Ug =

Um

; Um =

2 Ug= 2 220 B 310 B

U(t) = UmcoS 2t = 310coS100t

I(t) =

Um
310
coS100t =
coS100t = 6,2 coS100t.
R
50

U(t), I(t). : U(t) = 310coS100t; I(t) = 6,2 coS100t.

972(962).

U
U= m .
2

U(t) = UmcoS;

Um
= UmcoS
2

1
2 4 5
, [0; 2]; = ;
;
;
.
2
3 3
3
3
2 4 5
;
;
.
: ;
3 3
3
3

coS =
.

973(963).

:
.
Ug = U.
U
2
Ug = m ; Um= 2 Ug; (t)= 2 UgcoS t ;
2

1
2
2
2
T
U= 2 UgcoS t ; coS t =
;
t = ; t= .
T
T
T
2
4
2
t
T
. : t = .
T
2

StudyPort.ru
974(964).

, (I

1
= C).

, (I

1
= C).

283

 975(965).

:
= 4 =
=410 6 ,
1 = 50 ,
2 = 400 .

1
1
1
=
; 1 =

2
2 3,14 50 4 106

800 = 0,8
2 =

1, 2.

1
2 3,14 400 4 106

100 =0,1 .

: 1 = 0,8 , 2 = 0,1 .

976(966).

:
= 50 ,
U = 220 B,
I = 2,5 A.

: = 36 .

U
1
1
U
1
; =
;
=
;
=
2
I
2 I
I
2,5 A
=3,610 5 = 36 .
=
=
2U 2 3,14 50 220

977(967).

) , L, , ,
(I

1
1
=
) .
L
L

)
(I

1
1
=
), , , .
L L

StudyPort.ru
978(968).

:
L = 0,2 , 1=50 ,
2 = 400 .
XL1, XL2.

.
XL = L = 2L
XL1 = 2 3,14 50 0,2 63
XL2 = 2 3,14 400 0,2 500 .
:
XL1 = 63 , XL2 = 500 .

979(969).

:
= 50 ,
U = 125 B,
I = 2,5 A.

L.

: L = 0,16 .

284

U
U
; XL = L = 2L;
= 2L
I
I
U
125B
=
= 0,16 .
L=
2I 2 3,14 50 2 ,5

XL =

 980(970).

) , ; ) , .
981(971).

) ; ) 0 ;
) .
982(972).

.
:

1
1
1
= 400 ,
=
=
=
; =
=
L = 0,1 .
2 2 LC
(2) 2 L (2 3,14 400) 2 0 ,1
= 1,610 6 = 1,6 .
.
:
= 1,6 .
983().

: C, L.
.

. =

=
2 2 LC

984(974).

.
985(975).

, .
986(976).

StudyPort.ru
.
:
n1 = 840,
u
220B 1 u1 n1
u
660B
k= 1 =
= ;
=
; n2=n1 2 = 840
=2520.
U1 = 220 B,
u2 660B 3 u2 n2
u1
220B
U2 = 660 B.
k, n2. :
k=

1
, n2 = 2520;
3

285

 987(977).

.
:
n = 11,
U1 = n1
U1 = 220 B, U 2 n 2
;
U
U2 = 12 B,
n
1 = 1
U = 4,4 B.
U 2 + U n 2 + n
n2 =

U2
n1;
U1

U1
=
U2 + U

U2

n1

n +n
U1 1

U2
U +U
n2 + n = n1 2
;
U1
U1
U + U U2

n1 2
=n;
U1
U1
U
n1
=n
U1

n1 = n
n2 =
n1,
n2.

U1
220B
= 11
= 550;
U2
4 ,4B

U2
12
n1=
55030.
220
U1

: n1 = 550, n2 = 30.

StudyPort.ru
988(978).

:
.
k = 10,

U
k= 1 = 1;
U1 = 220 B,
2 2
R2 = 0,2 ,
U1
RH = 2 . 2 = ;
k

2 = U2 + I2R2 = U2 +

U2
R2 =
RH

U
U (R + R2 )
= U2 1 + R2 = U2 RH + R2 ; 1 = 2 H
k
R

RH
RH
H
U1RH
220B 2
U2 =
=
= 20 .
k (RH + R2 ) 10(2 + 0,2)

U2.
286

: U2 = 20 B.

 989(979).

, .
.
990(980).

:
n2 = 99,
= 0,01 SIn
100t.

.
e(t)=n(t)=990,01100coS100t = 311coS100t
m = 311 B;

e(t), g.

: e(t) = 311coS 100t, g = 220 B.

m 311B
=
= 220B .
2
2

g =

991().

:
U1 = 220B
U2 = 20B
r = 1
I2 = 2A

.
I2 =

n=

=
<=> = U 2 + I 2 r,
R + r U2 + r
I2

220
U1
U1
=
=
= 10.
U 2 + I 2 r 22

n' =

U1
= 11.
U2

n
= 90 ,9%.
n'

StudyPort.ru
n, .

: n = 10, = 90,9%.

287


. = 2,9979108 /c.
,

= 3108 /c.
c, : = .

:
= 0E2,
0 , , E .
I
:

I = c.
992(981).

. .

StudyPort.ru
993(982).

.
994(983).

. ,
,
. ,

( 0).
, .

288

 995(984).

.
996(985).

:
= 300 ,
= 3108 /.
.

.
= =

300

;= =
= 10 6 = 1 .
3 108 /

: = 1 .

997(986).

:
.
= 75 = 7,5107 ,

3 108 /
8

=
=
=4

=
;
= 310 /.
7 ,5 107
.
: = 4 .
998(987).

.
:
8
1 = 24 ,

= ; = ; 1 = 3 10 / = 12,5106 = 12,5
2 = 26 ,

24
=3108 /.
3 108 /
= 11,5106 = 11,5 .
2 =
26

1,
2.

: 11,5 12,5 .

999(988).

StudyPort.ru
.
1000(989).

:
c

1
1
L=1 =106, . = ; = 2 = 2 LC ; = 2 LC
= 1000 ,
2
2
1

1000
1
= 3108 /.
=
=
=
6
8
2c

2 3,14 3 10 /

10

= 0,2810 = 0,28 .
: = 0,28 .

1001().

:
1 = 25
2= 31

.
C 2
=> n =

C1
= ( 1 )2 = 1,54.
2
C2

289

 n.

: n = 1,54.

1002().

:
I = 1A
t 0,6c
= 0,2
= 14,1

: = 2450.

LI
t
=
<=> L =
t
t
I
;
c c
= = 2 = c LC 2 = 2450 .

=

1003(990).

:
1=200=
=21010,
2 = 1800 =
= 1,810 9,
L=60=
=6105,
= 3108 /.
1, 2.

1
=
; = 2c LC
2 LC

1 =23,143108 / 6 105 2 1010 = 206

2=23,143108/ 6 105 1,8 109 = 619 .
: 206 619 .

1004(991).

.
:
I(t) = 0,1coS6105t, = 2 = 6105; = 3105
c = 3108 /.
3 108 /
= 1000 .
= =
5

StudyPort.ru

3 10

: = 1000 .

1005().

:
Q = 20
I = 1A

: = 38.

290

Q
Q
=> T = 2
I
I
Q
= cT = 2 c = 38 .
I
t =

 1006(992).

.
:
1 = 300 ,
3 108 / = 106 ;
1 =
=
2 = 2000 ,
1
300
8
c = 310 /.
6

n = 1 = 10 = 500 .
2

n.

2000

:
n = 500.

1007(993).

:
L=1,2 =
=1,21012 ,
c = 3108 /.
t.

.
12
t = 2l = 2 1,2 810 = 8000 c = 2 13 20 c.

3 10 /

:
t = 2 13 20 .

1008(994).

:
.
L = 36000 = 3,6107 ,
c = 3108 /.
2l 2 3,6 107
=
t=
= 0,24 c.
8
c

t.

3 10 /

: t = 0,24 .

1009(995).

:
t = 200 =
=210 4 ,
c = 3108 /.

L.

: L = 30 .

StudyPort.ru
l=

ct 3 108 / 2 104
=
= 3104 = 30 .
2
2

1010(996).

:
L1 = 300 ,
I1 = 40 /2 =
=410 2 /2,
L2 = 120 =
=1,2105 .

I2.

I1 l2
= ;
I 2 l1
2

l1
2
2 300
=
=410 /
5
l2
1,2 10

I2=I1

= 2,510 7 /2 = 0,25 /2.

: I2 = 0,25 /2.
291

 1011(997).

:
.
= 410 11 /3,
I = c = 410 11 /33108 / =
c = 3108 /.
= 1,210 2 /2 = 12/2.
I.
:
I = 12 /2.
1012(998).

:
I = 6 /2 =
=610 3 /2,
c = 3108 /.

:
= 210 11 /3.

I = c
I 6 103 / 2
=
= 210 11 /3.
c
3 108

1013(999).

.
:
= 5 /,
I
= ;
c = 3108 /.
c
= 02;
I
= 02;
c
2

I=0c =8,8510

12

2 310 /(5 /) =

StudyPort.ru
I.

= 0,066 /2 = 66 /2
: I = 66 /2.

1014(1000).

.
:
= 100 = 105 , = 02;
S = 2,3 2 =
I

=
=
;
=2,3106 2,
c
cS
8
c = 310 /.

= 02
cS

P
=
0cS

= 4 /.
292

105
2
8,85 1012
2

=
6 2

3 10 / 2,3 10

: = 4 /.

1015(1001).

: t = 1 c,
L = 30 =
=3104 ,
c = 3108 /.
N.

.
l=

ct
ct 3 108 / 1
; N= =
= 5000.
2l 2 3 104 /
2N

: N = 5000.

1016(1002).

:
= 15 = 0,15 ,
N = 4000,
t = 1 c,
= 2 =
= 210 6 .
n, Lmax.

.
Lmax =
n=

ct 3 108 / 1
=
= 3,75104 = 37,5
2N
2 4000

c
3 108 / 2 106
=
= 4000.
=
T
0,15

:
n = 4000, Lmax = 37,5 .

1017(1003).

:
.
t = 2 = 210 3 .
ct 3 108 / 2 103
Lmax =
=
=
2

Lmax.

= 3105 = 300 .
:
Lmax = 300 .

StudyPort.ru
1018().

:
n, , P1, , S.
: 1) W1, 2) P,
3) y, 4) k, 5) I, 6) .

.
1) W1 = P1
2) P = W1n
3) y = c
y

P1
5) I =
S
I
6) =
c

4) k =

293


, . 380
760 .
=2,9979108 /c, .
.

.
.
, .
, , , , ( ). ,
.
,
. :
, . ,

, ,
, ( ):

StudyPort.ru
sin n2
=
=n,
sin n1

n1 n2 , n . ,
, nn2. v,
n :
n=

c
.
v

90,
:
294

sin 0 =

n2
,
n1

0 . >0 , (
).

.
,
.
, . ,
:
= 2m

, = ( 2 m+ 1) . 2
2

.
.
,
. d .
:
= d sin ,
.

, , ,
. , E , .

StudyPort.ru
1019(1005).

: c=3108 /;
l=1.4961011 .

.
t=

t.

l 1, 496 1011
=
500 = 820 .
c
3 108 /

: t=820.

1020(1006).

.
: t=4,3
8
8
1,35610 ; c=310 /.
l = ct = 3 108 / 1,356 108 = 4 ,07 1016

l.

: l=4,071016.
295

 1021(1007).

: N=720,
l=8633,
v=12,67-1.

.
2l
1
;
=
c 2 Nv

c = 4lNv = 4 8633 720 12 ,67 1 = 3 ,15 108 / .

: =3,15108/.

1022(1008).

: n=28,
l=23000, N=200,
v=914,3-1

.
2l
n
2lNv 2 23000 200 914 ,3 1
=
=
=
;c =
.
28
c Nv
n

= 3,004 108 /

: .

: =3,004108/.

1023(1009).

70,

70o
= 35o .
2

1024(1010).

D
F

StudyPort.ru
E

1025(1011).

32

296

 1026(1012).

:
= 20 o

.
.
1)
. 2 + = 90o
=

90o 90o 20o

=
= 35o
2
2

2)
.
2 = 90o ;
=

90o + 90o + 20o

=
= 55o .
2
2

:
1) = 35o ;

StudyPort.ru
2) = 55o .

1027(1013).

.
1028(1014).

:
l = 80 =

.
h = ltg =
297

= 0,8; = 25
h.

= 0,8tg250,37 = 37.
:
h = 37.

1029(1015).

.
1030().

:
, ,

tg
tg
h 1
= H 1 +

tg
tg

sincos
sincos
h 1
= H 1 +

sincos

sincos
sincos-sincos
sincos+sincos
h
= H
;
sincos
sincos

hsin ( ) = Hsin ( + ) ;
h=

h.

Hsin ( + )
sin ( )

: h =

Hsin ( + )
sin ( )

1031(1017).

:
=3108/;
n=2,42

: =1,24108 /.

c 3 108 /
=
= 1,24 108 / .
n
2 ,42

StudyPort.ru
v=

1032(1018).

:
n1=1,36;
n2=1,63.
:

v1 n2 1,63
=
=
= 1, 2 .
v2 n1 1,36

v1
.
v2

: 1,2 .

1033(1019).

.
1034(1020).

- .
298

 1035(1021).

:
=60;
=36.

n.

: n=1,47.

n=

sin sin 60 o
=
1,47 .
sin sin 36 o

1036(1022).

:
=45;
n1=1,6;
n2=2,42.

.
n=

sin
sin
; = arcsin
;
sin
n

sin45o
sin
1 = arcsin
= 26o ;
= arcsin

n
1
,
6
1

sin45o
sin
2 = arcsin
= 17o ;
= arcsin

n
2
,
42
2

1 = 1 = 45o 26o = 19o ; 2 = 2 = 45o 17o = 28o .

1, 2.

: 1=19, 2=28.

1037(1023).

:
=60;
n=1,33

.
n=

(
) = cos ;
o
sin ( 90 ) cos

sin 90o

= arccos ( ncos ) =arccos 1,33 cos60o = 48,3o .

StudyPort.ru
.

: =48,3.

1038(1024).

:
1=40;
n1=1,33;
n2=1,6;
1=2.

.
n1 =

sin1
;
sin1

n2 =

sin 2
sin1 sin 2
=
; sin1 =sin 2 ;
;
sin 2
n1
n2

1,6

2 = arcsin 2 sin1 = arcsin

sin40o = 50,6o .
1
33
n
,

2.

: 1=50,6.

1039(1025).

n=1 =0.
299

 1040(1026).

:
n1=1,33;
n2=1,6;
=35.
.

sin n2
1,33

=
; = arcsin 1 sin = arcsin
sin35o = 28,5o .
sin n1
1,6

n2

: =28,5.

1041(1027).

:
n=1.33;
=78,1.

: =47,4; )) .

n=

sin
sin78,1o
sin
o
; = arcsin
= arcsin
= 47,4 .
n
sin

1,33

1042(1028).

=2,

n=

n=1,6.

sin sin 2sin 2 cos 2

=
=
= 2cos .

sin sin
2
sin
2

n
1,6
= 2arccos = 2arccos
74o .
2
2

: =74.

1043(1029).

:
n=1,6;
o

+ = 90 .

n=

sin
sin
sin
=
=
=tg ; = arctgn = arctg1,6 = 58o
sin sin 90o - cos

StudyPort.ru
.

: =58.

1044().

.
:
n =1,33
sin
sin( )
n=
=
= 10
sin sin ( + 10 )
=> = 39

: =39.

1045(1031).

300

 .
1046(1032).

.
1047(1033).

l
.

:
h=40=0,4;
=45;
n=1,33

= htg htg = h ( tg-tg ) ;

n=

sin45o
sin
sin
; = arcsin
= 32 ,1o ;
= arcsin

sin
1
,
33
n

= h ( tg - tg ) = 0 ,4 1 tg32 ,1o = 0 ,15 = 15

: =15.

StudyPort.ru
1048(1034).

l1

l2

.
:
l = l1 + l2 = htg + htg
h =0,5 ;
h=2; =70,
sin70o
sin
sin
=
arcsin
n=
; = arcsin

45o ;
n=1,33

1,33
sin
n

l = 2 tg45o + 0 ,5 tg70o 3,4 .

301

 l.

: l=3,4.

1049(1035).

1050(1036).

x
C

.
sin60o
sin
sin
n=
; = arcsin
32 ,8o
= arcsin

1
,
6
sin
n

:
=60;
d=2=0,02;
n=1,6

d
d
; x = DC = BCsin =
sin ( ) =
cos
cos

0 ,02
cos32 ,8o

sin 60o 32 ,8o = 1,1 102 = 1,1

: =1,1.

StudyPort.ru
1051(1037).

:
, , d

.
1036.
DC =

dsin ( )
d
; a = DC = BCsin ( ) =
cos
cos

: a =

dsin ( )
cos

1052(1038).

, .
1053(1039).

302

2
1

2
2

) ; ) .
1054(1040).

1055(1041).

.
1056(1042).

:
0=34

n.

: n=1,8.

sin 0 =

1
1
1
; n=
=
1,8
sin0 sin34o
n

1057(1043).

:
n=1,6

.
sin0 =

1
1
1
; 0 = arcsin = arcsin 39o
n
1,6
n

StudyPort.ru
0.

: 0 = 39 o .

1058(1044).

:
=50,
=60,

.
n=

sin50o
sin
sin
; = arcsin
= arcsin
28,6o

1,6
sin
n

303

n=1,6

' = + 60o + 28,6o 88,6o ; n =

sin'
sin'

sin'
sin88,6o
' = arcsin
arcsin
42,2o .
1,6
n

: ' = 42,2.

1059(1045).

:
=20,
n=1,6

.
) n =

sin
;
sin

==20;
sin20o
sin
= arcsin
= 13o
= arcsin

n
1,6

) n =

sin
; ==80;
sin

sin80o
sin
= arcsin
= 20o .
= arcsin

1
,
6
n

1, 2.

: ) 13; ) 20.

1060().

:
F =10
k = 1,5
n = 1,60

r - ?

:
r = 10.

1
1 1
1 1
= ( n 1)( + ) = ( n 1)( + )
F
r1 r2
r kr

StudyPort.ru
k +1
1
= ( n 1)(
) => r = 10
F
kr

1061().

:
D = 5
k =2

r1, r2.

304

D = ( n 1 )(

1 1
1 1
) = ( n 1 )( )
r1 r2
r kr

D = ( n 1 )(

1
) => r = 6 => 2r = 12.
2r

:
r1 = 6, r2 = 12.

1062().

:
D
d
F

l - ?

D
d
=
<=> DF Dl = Fd
F ( F l )
DF Fd
(Dd )
<=> l =
=F
D
D

l=F

(Dd )
.
D

1063().

.
.

F
.
1064().

StudyPort.ru
F

305

:
D = 10
l = 12,5

.
1
= 10
D
F < l < 2F
F=

1 1 1
Fl
= + <=> a =
= 50.
F l a
lF

l - ?

F
F
:
, .
l = 50.

1065().

:
d = 25
d = 1
r = 20

n.

:
n =1,5.

StudyPort.ru
1
1 1
r
= ( n 1 )( + ) <=> n =
+1
F
r r
2F
1 1 1
dd '
= + <=> F =
= 20
F d d'
d + d'
20
+ 1 = 1,5
n=
40

1066().

:
d = 4
n =5

D.

:
D = 5.

306

D=

1 1 1 n 1
=
=
= 5.
F d nd
nd

1067().

:
F
d

d'
d
1 1 1
d
d
= + <=> = 1 + <=>
F d d'
F
d'
F
=
dF
=

F
d F

1068().

:
F = 12
n =3

d.

:
d = 16.

1 1 1
1 ( n +1)
= +
<=>
= 16
F d nd
F nd

StudyPort.ru
307

1069().

B
D

A
F

:
D = -3

d - ?

.
, ,
FC =CO => FD =DO, FCD
FOE => FD = KOD = OBE
2. OD =BD,
, A F
.
d = F = 1/D = 33.
:
d = 33.

StudyPort.ru
1070().

:
d = 40
n=4

D.

:
D = -7,5.

1 1 n (1 n )
(1 n )
= =
<=> D =
= 7 ,5.
F d d
d
d

1071().

:
4F

n.

308

.
1
1
1
1 1 1
1
=

<=> =
<=> n = .
F 4 F 4 Fn
1 4 4n
3
1
: n = .
3

1072().

:
mF

1
1
1
1 m +1
m
=
+ <=> =
<=> d = F
. k = m + 1.
F
mF d
d
mF
m +1
m
: d = F
,k = m + 1.
m +1

d, k.
1073().

:
L = 90
F = 20

1 1
1
= +
F d Ld
( L d )d
L L2 4 FL
<=> d 2 Ld + Fl = 0 <=> d =
L
2
d = 60 d = 30.
F=

d.

:
d = 60 d = 30.

1074().

:
L = 3
n=5

D, d.

: D = 2,4, d = 0,5.

L
1 1 1
= +
= 0 ,5 .
; d( n + 1 ) = L <=> d =
F d nd
n +1
D = 2, 4.

D=

1075().

StudyPort.ru
1'

1'

-F

2'

2'

:
1)

,
.

2)

309

1076().

F'

A'

1077().

S' F

1078(1046).

a)
F

A
O

A'

A'

StudyPort.ru

A'

1078(1046).

.
:
1 = 0,76 =

3 108 /
7

=
=
=3,91014 =390
1
= 7,610 ,
1 7 ,1 107
2 = 0,4 =

3 108 /
=410 7 .
= 7,51014 = 750 .
2 =
=
7
2

1, 2.

310

4 10

:
1 = 390 ,2 = 750 .

 1079(1047).

:
= 600 =
=61014 , L = 1 .

n.

: n = 2106.

n=

L L 1 6 1014
= 2106.
=
=
c

3 108 /

1080(1048).

:
1=0,7 =
= 710 7 , n=1,33.
2.

.
2 =

1 7 107
=
=5,3107=0,53
n
1,33

1081(1049).

:
1 = 0,46 =
=4,610 7 , n = 1,33.

.
2 = n1 = 1,334,610 7 =
= 6,110 7 = 0,61
: 2 = 0,61 .

2.
1082(1050).

.
:
n = 1,6444,
sin
n = 1,6852, n = sin ;
= 80.
sin 80
sin
36,8;
= aRcSIn
; 1=aRcSIn

StudyPort.ru
n

1,6444

sin80
35,8;
1,6852

2=aRcSIn

=12=36,835,8=1.
: = 1.

1083(1051).

1084(1052).

.
1085(1053).

, .
1086(1054).

S .
311

 1087(1055).

:
d = 2,25 =
= 2,2510 6,
1 = 750 =
=7,510 7 ,
2 = 500 =
=510 7 .

k;
2
2d
;
k=

d=

k1=
k2 =

2 2 ,25 106
7 ,5 107

= 6;

2 2,25 106
5 107

=9

d
.
.
d .

.
:
) ;
) .

k1, k2.

1088(1056).

d = S1O S2O = 0. ,
.

StudyPort.ru
1089(1057).

) d = 2,5cT = 2,5c

=5 .

d , .
) = 2t = 3; t =

3 1,5
1,5
1,5

; d = ct = c
= = 1,5 = 3 .
=
2

d , .

) d = 1,5 = 3 .
d , .
312

 1090(1058).

:
d = 900 =
= 910 7 ,
= 51014.

d =

D
2d 2d 2d
k:k=
;
= c =
c

14

2 5 10 9 10

k=

3 108 /

= 3.

d
,
.
: .

k.
1091(1059).

d1
d2

S1
l
S2

D
:
= 600 =
=610 7 ,
D = OC = 4 ,
L = S1S2 = 1 =
=10 3 .

.
d2 d1 = k. :

d22 = D2 + + ; d12 = D2 +
2
2

d22 d12 = (d2 + d1)(d2 d1); d22 d12 = 2xL

2 xl xl
; d=k
=
2D D

StudyPort.ru
D >>Ld2+d12D; d = d2 d1=
k=1; =

7
xl
; x= D = 4 6 10 =2,4103=2,4.

3
D
l
10

: = 2,4 .

1092(1060).

), ) ; ) .
1093().

:
R = 8,6
r4 = 4,5

: =0,589.

r4 = 4 R <=> =

r42
= 0,589 .
4R

313

 1094(1061).

:
, .
1095(1062).

.
1096(1063).

.
1097(1064).

, ,
.
1098(1065).

.
1099(1066).

:
n = 120,
L = 1 =
=10 3 ,
k = 1, = 8.

: = 580 .

k = dSIn; d =
=

; = ; k = SIn
n
n
2
2

103
l
SIn =
SIn4 = 5,810 7 = 580 .
kn
1 120
2

1100(1067).

.
k = dSIn;

:
= 0,55 =
= 5,510 7 ,
d = 0,02 = 210 5 ,
k = 1.
.

StudyPort.ru
1 5,5 10
k
1,5.
=aRcSIn
5

d
2 10

=aRcSIn

: = 1,5.

1101().

:
1 =426
k1 =2
1 = 4,9
2 = 713
k2 = 1
2.

314

k11 = dsin1; d =

k11
;
sin1

k22 = dsin2
k2 2sin1
k2 2
=4,1
= arcsin
d

k11

2 = arcsin

: 2 = 4,1.

 1102(1069).

:
=0,76 =
=7,610 7 ,
L = 1,
= 15,2 =
=0,152 , k = 1.

.
k = dSIn;
d=

SIn tg =
d=

d.

k
;
sin
x
2l

2k l 2 1 7 ,6 107 1
=
=10 5 = 10 .
x
0 ,152

: d = 10 .

1103(1070).

:
1 = 0,38 =
=3,810 7 ,
2 = 0,76 =
=7,610 7 ,
L = 3,
d = 0,01 =
=10 5 , k = 1.

.
k = dSIn; sin =
x k
k l
=
; x=
;
l
d
d

1=

1 3,8 107 3

2 =
.

x
k
; SIn tg= ;
l
d

105

=0,114

1 7,6 107 3
105

= 0,228

=21=0,228 0,114 =0,114 =11,4 .

: = 11,4 .

StudyPort.ru
1104(1071).

. , , .
1105(1072).

.
1106(1073).

= 210 15 ; =

1
1
= 51014 = 500 ;
=
2 1015

= = 3108 /210 15 = 610 7 = 600 .

1107(1074).

= 510 7 ; =

3 108
= 61014 = 600 .
=
5 10 7

315


,
. .
.
.
: K K V
X. K
v X. v K X
:
v =

v V
1

vV
c2

m v :
m0

m=

v2
c2

m0 .

p : p = mv =

m0v

StudyPort.ru
1

E :
E = mc2 =

m0c2
1

v2
c2

.
1108(1075).

.
1109(1076).

:
c, v.
v.
316

. v =
: v = .

v+c
1+

vc
c2

v+c
c=c .
v+c

v2
c2

 1110(1077).

:
L = 10 ,
v1=v2=0,6c.
t.

. t=

10
l
l
=2,78108c=
=
=
v1 + v2 1,2c 1,2 3 108 /

=27,8 .
: t = 27,8 .

1111(1078).

:
v1 = nc,
v2 = mc.
v.

v=

v1 + v2
1+

v1v2
c2

nc + mc

1+

ncmc
c2

(n + m)c
1 + nm

1112(1080).

.
:
v = 0,4 c,
0,8c + 0,4c
0,91 c;
v = c; v2 =
0 ,8c0 ,4c
v1 = c, v2 = 0,8 c, 1
1+
2
c
L = 12 =
=12109 .
l
l 12 109 1

=
1 4 c.
t =

8
0 ,91c

t.

3 10 / 0 ,91

:
4 .

1113(1081).

:
v = 2,4108 /,
m0 = 1 ... =
=1,6610 27 ,
= 3108 /.

m=

m0

1,66 1027

StudyPort.ru
1

v2
c2

2
8

1 2 ,410 /
8
310 /

2,7710 27 = 1,67 ...

: m = 1,67 ...

m.

1114(1082).

:
v = 0,99 c.

.
m=

m0

v2

m
=
m0

c2

v2
c2

1 ( 0 ,99 )

7,09.

m
m
. :
7,09.
m0
m0

317

 1115(1083).

:
v = 0,9 c,
m0 = 4
...

m.

:
m = 5,18 ...

1
1

m=mm0=m0
1 5,18...
1 =4...
1 (0,9)2

v2

1 2
c

1116(1084).

.
:
m0 = 1
2
2
m0
m
1
...,
m=
; v = c 1 0 = c 1 = 0,968 c.
4
m
v2
m = 4 ...
1
c2

v.

: v = 0,968 c.

1117(1085).

m0

m
=2
m0

. m=

v.

: v = 0,866 c.

v2
c2

; v= c 1 0 = c 1 =0,866 c.
2
m

1118(1086).

:
v = 0,8 c.

.
m=

m0

StudyPort.ru
1

v2
c2

q
q
v2
11
2
=
1 2 =1,75910 / 1 (0,8) =
m m0
c

= 1,0551011 /.

q
.
m

q
= 1,0551011 /.
m

1119(1087).

.
:
= 3,831026 , W = mc2; W = Pt; Pt = mc2
t = 1 c.
Pt 3,83 1026
m = 2 =
= 4,3109 .
2
c

m.
318

(3 108 / )

: m = 4,3109 .

 1120(1088).

.
W = mc2; mgh = mc2

:
m = 18 =
= 1,8104 ,
h = 5 .

m =

m.

: m = 10 11 .

mgh
c

1,8 104 10/ 2 5

(3 10 / )
8

= 10 11 .

1121(1089).

:
k = 10 / =
= 104 /,
= 3 = 0,03 .
m.

. W = mc2;
m =

kx 2
2c

kx 2
= mc2
2

104 /(0 ,03)2

2 (3 108 /)

= 510 17 .

: m = 510 17 .

1122(1090).
2
:
2 m0v
2
m0 = 9 = 9103 , . W = mc ; 2 = mc
v = 8 / =
m v 2 9 103 (8 103 /)
= 8103 /.
m = 0 2 =
= 3,210 3 .
8

2 (3 10 /)

2c

m.

: m = 3,210 3 .

1123().

:
v = 0,8c

Wk=m0c

-14
1 =5,510 .
2

v
1

-14
1

StudyPort.ru
2

W=m0c2

W, Wk.

2
v
1
c

=13,710 .

: Wk=5,510-14, W =13,710-14.

1124().

:
. W = mc2; cm(t2 t1) = mc2

m = 2 ,
m( t 2 t1 ) 4200 2 (100 10)
t1 = 10C, m=
=8,41012.
=
(3 108 /)2
c2
t2=100C.
319

: m = 8,410 12 .

m.

1125(1093).

:
m = 1 ,
L = 3,3105 /.

.
Lm = mc2
m =

Lm
c2

8
2

3,3 105

(3 10 /)

= 3,710 12 .

: m = 3,710 12 .

m.
1126().

:
.
m = 1 ,
qm = mc2;
6
6
q = 2910 /.
qm 29 10 1
=3,21010 .
m = 2 =
8
2
c

(3 10 /)

: m = 3,210 10 .

m.
1127(1095).

:
v = 0,6 c.

Wk=m0c2

1 ;
2

v
1

12,051014
2

, )
1( 06

Wk=9,11031(3108 /)2

StudyPort.ru
=0,128 .
Wk. :
Wk = 0,128 .
1128(1096).

.
:
= (m m0)c2;
= 6 =
9
=610 ,
E
6 109 1,6 1019
4
m
=
+
m
=
... +
0
m0=5,48610 ...
(3 108 /) 2 1,66 1027
c2
+ 5,48610 4 ... 6,44 ...

320

m
, m.
m0

m
6 ,44..
=
11700.
m0
5,486 104 ..
m
: m = 6,44 ...,
= 11700.
m0

 1129().

:
E, m0, E.

m
,
1)
m0

2) v.

.
1) E = (m m0)c2;

m
m

=
1 c 2 ;
=
+1
m
m0 m0
m0c 2
0

m0

m0

2) m =

; v = c 1

v2
c2

1130(1098).

:
m
= 2.
m0

Wk = m0c

m=

v
1 c

m0
1 v

1 ;

m
v
1 = 0
m
c
m

Wk = m0c2 m0 1 = 9,110 31 (3108 /2)2 (2 1) =

StudyPort.ru
= 81,91015 = 0,511 .
Wk. :
Wk = 0,511 .
1131(1099).

.
:
v = 0,8c,
m0v
m0 = 1,6710 27 . =

1 v

1,67 1027 0,8 3 108 /

1 (0,8)2

= 6,6910 19
.

:
= 6,6910 19

321

.
, .
, ,
E, : E = h, h = 6,62610 34 , .

. h, A

mv 2
mv 2
: h = A +
. ,
2
2

StudyPort.ru

mv 2
=0.
2

0, ,

A
: 0 = .
h
.
,
.
:
= = 2 K sin 2

,
2

= 2,42631012 , .

322

 ,
( ..).
.
1132(1100).

:
) ; ) ; ) ; ) ;
) ; ) .
1133(1101).

, , .
1134(1102).

= = 4,2
1135(1103).

: 0=1,03 =
= 1,031015,
h = 4,13610 15 .
.

.
=h0 =
= 4,13610 15 1,031015 = 4,16 .
: = 4,26 .

1136(1104).

.
:

0 = 282 =
= h0; 0 =
; = h
=
0
0
=2,8210 7 ,
15
h = 4,13610
.
3 108 /
= 4,4 .
= 4,13610 15
7

StudyPort.ru
282 10

: = 4,4 .

1137(1105).

.
:
= 2,2 ,

= h0 = h ;
h=4,1361015.
0
0=
0.

hc 4136
, 1015 3108/
=
=5,64107=
A
2,2

= 564 .
: 0 = 564 .

323

 1138(1106).

:
1 = 450 =
=4,510 7 ,
= 4,2 ,
h = 4,1310 15 .

0=

0.

=295 .
1>2, .
: .

= h0 = h

hc
4,136 1015 3 108 /
=
=2,95107=
A
4,2

1139(1107).

.
E=h=4,1361015 1015
1 =3,136.
: = 3,136 .

:
= 1 =
=1015 , =1.
.
1140(1108).

.
= h = h h0 = h( 0) =

:
= 200 =
= 210 7 ,
0=288 =
=2,88107 .

= hc

E=
.

1 hc( 0 )
;
=
0
0

) =1,9.

4,136 1015 3 108/ 2,88 107 2 107

7

2,88 10 2 10

: = 1,9 .

StudyPort.ru
1141(1109).

.
:
= 1,8 ,
hc
E=h= ;
v = 2 / =

=2106 /.
mv 2 mv2 hc
=
;
=
2

.
324

mv 2
2

hc

+ A

4 ,136 1015 3 108 /

31 (2106 /)2
9 ,110
21,61019 /

+ 1,8

= 9,4310 8 = 94,3 .
: = 94,3 .

 1142(1111).

:
U=1,5B.
.

.
E=eU=1,61019 1,5=
=2,41019 =1,5.
: = 1,5 .

1143(1112).

:
U = 0,8 B.

v.

.
eU =

mv 2
;
2

v=

2eU
2 1,6 1019 0 ,8
=
=
m
9 ,1 1031

= 0,53106 / = 0,53 /.
:
v = 0,53 /.

1144(1113).

.
:
U = 2 B,
mv 2
=2,91019 . h=+ 2 =+eU;
hc
= + eU;

hc
6,626 1034 3 108 /
=

A + eU 2 ,9 1019 + 1,6 1019 2

StudyPort.ru
.

3,310 7 = 330 .
: = 330 .

1145(1114).

.
:
= 100 =
mv 2
7
h=
+
= + eU;

=10 ,
2
19
=7,210 . hc
=+eU

U=
U.

hc
A

6,62610
34 310
8 /
7,2 1019

7
10

1,6 1019

=7,9B.

: U = 7,9 B.

325

 1146(1115).

: 1=390=
=3,91014 ,
U31 = 0,5 B,
2 = 750 =
=7,51014 ,
U32 = 2 B.

.
h1 = A + eU 31
;

h 2 = A + eU 32

h2h1=eU32eU31
h= e(U32 U31) ;
2 1

, 1019(205)
,
h= 16
=6,71034.
14
14
7,510 39
, 10

: h = 6,710 34 .

h.
1147(1116).

h = + eU3; U3() =

h
A
;
e

U3()
, U3() II.

.
1148(1117).

.
:
1 = 760 =
=7,610 7 , =h= hc ;

2 = 380 =
=3,810 7 .
6,626 1034 3 108 /
=2,621019
E1=
7

StudyPort.ru
7,6 10

2 =

326

6,626 1034 3 108 /

3,8 107

= 5,2310 19 .

:
1=2,621019 , 2=5,231019 .

 1149(1118).

.
:
1=4140 ,
hc
2=2,07 .
E=h= ;

hc
= ;
E

1=

4,136 1015 3 108 /

31010 4140

2=

1, 2.

4 ,136 1015 3 108 /

6107=600 2,07

..
:
) 1 = 310 10 ;
) 2 = 600 .

1150(1119).

:
U = 4 B.

.
h=eU;

h =eU;
34
3 108 /
=
= hc = 6,626 10
19

eU

1,6 10

StudyPort.ru
7

= 3,110 = 310 .
: = 310 .

1151(1120).

.
:
m = me =
h = mc2;
31
2
31
8
2
=9,110
.
= mc = 9 ,1 10 (334 10 /)
h

6 ,626 10

1,231020 ;
8
=2,431012 =
= = 3 10 /
20

, .

1,23 10

=2,43 .
:
= 1,231020 , = 2,43 .
327

 1152(1121).

.
:
=100 = p=mc= = = h = h ;

= 10 7 .
34
p= 6,626 107 =6,6261027 .

10

: = 6,62610 27

1153(1122).

.
:
= 3 =

p=mc= ;
=4,810 19 .

19

.
p= 4,8 108 =1,61027

3 10 /

: = 1,610

27

1154(1123).

:
= ,
= 200 =
=210 7 .

.
=

mev 2
;
2
hc mev 2
hc
;
=

E = h =
v=

2hc
=
me

2 6 ,626 1034 3 108 /

1,48106 /.

StudyPort.ru
v.

9 ,1 10

31

2 10

:
v = 1,48106 /.

1155(1125).

.
:
= 100 ,
P
1 = ;
n = 51020,
n
t = 1 c.
E h hc
1 = = = ;
t
P
hc
=
n
t

nhc 5 1020 6 ,626 1034 3 108 /

=
=
Pt
100 1

= 9,910 7 = 0,99 .
328

: = 0,99 .

1156(1126).

.
:

= 0,5 =
n1 = 1 ;
7

=510 ,
E h hc
1 = 2,110 17 ,
P= = =
2 = 210 5 , t =
t
t
t
=1 c.
P t
2 ,1 1017 5 107 1
n1 = 1 =
34
8
hc

n2 = P2t =
hc

6 ,626 10

3 10 /

2 105 5 107 1
6 ,626 1034 3 108 /

= 53
= 51013.

: n1 = 53, n2 = 51013.

n.
1157().

, n = 16.
1158().

:
S = 4 2
N = 7 ,74 10

Np Nh
=
= 2 106
P=
St St
p = mc =

22

= 0,64
t = 10c

StudyPort.ru
P.

: P = 2 106 .

1159(1127).

1160(1128).

:
.
=1019 . h=eU;
U=
U.

h 6 ,626 1034 1019

=

e
1,6 1019

4,1104 B = 41 .
: U = 41 .

329

 1161().

:
U = 20 .

: = 62 .

1, 24 1, 24
=
= 0,062 = 62 .
U
20

1162(1130).

:
U=50=
=5104 ,I= 2=
=2103, n=51013,
=0,1 =1010 ,
t = 1 c.
.

.
= 100%; =UI;

=n
=

nhc
E nh nhc
; =
100%;
=
=
t
t
t
tUI

5 1013 6,626 1034 3 108 /

1010 1 5 104 2 103

100%=0,1%.

: = 0,1%.

1163(1131).

:
= 60.

=2k SIn2 2 ;
=22,431012SIn2

60
2

=1,211012=1,21 .
. : = 1,21 .
1164(1132).

StudyPort.ru
.
:

=20 = = 2k SIn2 2 ; = 2k SIn2 2 +

11
=210
,
90
=22,431012 SIn2 2 +21011 =
= 90.
.

=22,431012 =22,43 .
: = 22,43 .

1165(1133).

: =45, .

=10,7 = = 2k SIn2 ; = 2k SIn2

2
2
11
=1,0710 .
45
=1,07101122,431012 SIn2 2 =11011 =10.
.
330

: = 10 .

 1166(1134).

:
.

= 0,3 = = 2 SIn2 ; = 2aRcSIn

k
2
13
=310
.
2 k
3 1013

= 2aRcSIn
.

= 28,8.

2 2 ,43 1012

: = 28,8.

1167(1135).

:
=2,4=
=2,410 12 ,
= 2 =
=210 12 .

.
hc
= h( ) = hc 1 1 =
( )

15
8
/
(2,4101221012 )
E = 4,136 10 12 3 10
12

2 , 4 10

2 10

10 = 0,1 .
: = 0,1 .

1168(1136).

.
:
= 5 =
h
) = coS;
=510 12 ,

= 30,
6,63 1034
coS=6,631023
pe=
= 60.
12
5 10

) = ; = + 2k SIn2 = 510 12 +

2
12
2 30
+ 224310
SIn
5,3310 12
2

6,63 1034
22
..
=
=
1,2410

5,33 1012


, .
: ) 6,6310 23 ; ) 1,2410 22 .

StudyPort.ru
1169(1137).

.
:

= 20 =
h
h
= coS = coS
=210 11 ,

2

34
= 90.
6 ,63 10
90
23
.
pe =

coS
=
4,710

11
2 10

331

= 4,710 23

1170(1138).

= (1 + k) .

(k = 0).

2
: 2 =
(k = 1),

: 1 =

,
.
1171(1139).

:
m = 1 = 1000 ,
v = 50 /,
S = 1000 2,
= 10 =
=10 5 .

.
v
=pS;
t
mv
1000 50/
=5106 c 58
t=
=
pS 105 1000 2

L=
t, L.

vt 50 / 5 106 c
= 1,25108 .
=
2
2

:
t = 58 , L = 1,25108 .

StudyPort.ru
332


,
. .
( ):
,
.
h:
En Em = h , En Em n- m- .

, , , .
.
:
1,097107

1
1
1
= RH 2 2 , , RH =

m
n

1
, n m

.
. , , 1800 .
.
, ,
. .
: ( ), ( ), ( ).
N0 .
T N0/2. T
. N

StudyPort.ru
t : N = N 0 2

t
T

.
333

 E ,
, .
: E = mc 2 ,
m = Zmp + Nmn M , Z mp, N
mn, M , c .
1172(1140).

.
1173(1141).

:
k = 4, n = 2,
E = 2,55 .

.
=

1
1
=4,86107 =
=
1
1
1

7 1 1
R 2 2 1,097 10 2 2
2 4
n k

=486.
: = 486 .

1174(1142).

:
=4,9 .

. =h=
=

hc
;

hc 4136
, 1015 3108/
=
=
4,9
E

= 2,5310 7 = 253 .
: = 253 .

1175(1143).

StudyPort.ru
:
.
=14,53.
hc
E=h = ;

hc 4 ,136 1015 3 108 /

=
=
E
14 ,53

= 8,5310 8 = 85,3 .
: = 85,3 .

1176(1144).

:
1 = 21,6 ,
2 = 41 ,
3 = 64,
= 25 =
=2,510 8 .
334

.
E=h=

hc 4 ,136 1015 3 108 /

=
=49,6

2,5 10-8

,
49,6 .

: = 49,6 .

1177(1145).

:
n1 = 1, k1 = 3,
n2 = 4, k2 = 2.

22 1
21
k2
k2

= 12 =32=9; 22 = 22 = 2 = .
2 n2
11
4
n1
4

21 22
;
.
11 12

: 9 ;
4 .

1178(1146).

:
n1=3, k1=2,
n2 = 2,
k2 = 1.

.
1
1
n2 k 2
1
= R 2 2 = R 2 2 ;

n
n k
k

(
(

)
)

(
(

)
)

2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
1 n1 k1 n2 k2 3 2 2 1
=5,4.
=
=
2 n22k22 n12 k12 22 12 32 22

1
.
2

: = 5,4.

1179(1147).

:
.
1
1
1 = 656 = 2=
=4,86107=486
=
1 1
7 1 1 1
= 6,5610 7 .
1
,
097
10

R
4 16

22 42

StudyPort.ru
3=

4=

2, 3,
4.

R 12 12
2 5

R 1 1
2 2 62

1,097 10

1 1 1
4 25

1,097 107 1 1 1

4 36

=4,34107=434

=4,1107=410 .

: 2 = 486 , 3 = 434 , 4 = 410 .

335

 1180(1148).

.
:
n = 2, k = 4,
= 486,13 = 1
1 1
=R

= 4,861310 7 . n2 k2 ;
R=

R.

1 1
2
2
n k

1
1 1

22 42

4,8613 107

=1,0971107 1.
: R = 1,0971107 1.

1181(1149).

121,5
1182(1150).

92,1
1183(1151).

2,14 /.
1184(1152).

,
, ,
.
1185(1153).

, .

StudyPort.ru
1186(1154).

.
= = 0,1103 110 6 =
= 0,510 3 = 0,5

:
= 1 = 103 ,
= 5 = 510 6 ,
n = 200, t = 1 c,
= 0,1.

3
1 = E = 0,5 10 6 = 100 .

, 1.

: = 0,5 , 1 = 100 .

336

5 10

 1187(1155).

:
= 630 =
=6,310 7 ,
= 40 =
=410 2 ,
t = 1 c.

.
N=

E = Pt = 410 2
34
8
E = hc = 6,626 10 7 3 10 / 3,15510 19 .

N=
N.

6,3 10

4 10
3,155 1015

1,31017.

: N = 1,31017.

1188(1156).

:
t = 1 = 10 6 ,
1 = 0,1 ,
=2=2103,
R = 6 ,
I2 = 1,36 /2 =
=1,36103 /2.
I1.

.
I1 =
I1 =

1
1
; S = (R)2; I1 =
St
( r )2 t
0 ,1
3,14(6 2 103 ) 2 106

= 2,21108 / 220 /2.

: I1 = 221 /2.

1189(1157).

( ).
1190(1158).

StudyPort.ru
:
R=4 =0,04 ,
= 8,5 =
= 8,510 3 .

F = F..; evB = m

v=

v.

v2
;
R

eRB 1,6 1019 0 ,04 8,5 103

6107 /.
=
m
9,1 1031

: v = 6107 /.

1191(1159).

.
1192(1160).

337

 1193(1161).

.
1194(1162).

, , , .
1195(1163).

.
1196().

.
:
v = 15 / =
2
27
7
2
= 1,5107 /, Ek = mv = 6 ,64 10 (1,5 10 /) =
2
2
L = 3,3 =
13
2
=
7,4710

4,7

= 3,310 .
vt
L= ;

2
2
2l
t=
= 2 3,3 10 = 4,410 9 c = 4,4
7
v
1,5 10 /

v 1,5 107 /
= 3,41015 /2.
=
t 4,4 109

Ek, t, a. : Ek = 4,7 , t = 4,4 , = 3,41015 /2.

1197(1165).

StudyPort.ru
.

239
94 Pu

24 He +

238
92 Na

235
92U

1198(1166).

0
22
1 e + 12 Mg

1199(1167).

238
92U

23He +

234
90Th

209
0
209
82 Pb 1 e + 83 Bi

1200(1168).
226
92U

42 He +

222
90 Rn .

24 He

338

222
= 55,5
4

222
90 Rn

 1201(1169).

T
t= .
2

N=N0 2

t
T

=N0 2

T
2T

N0

N
1
N=N0N=N0 1 1 ; = 1
0,29.
N
2

: 0,29.

N0

1202(1170).

:
N 1
= ,
N0 4

1
N 1 T 1 T N
=
= = ;
N
4
N0 2
2

0

t = 8 .
.
: = 4 .

8
; 1 T = 1 ; 8 = 2 ; = =4 .
2
4 T
2

1203().

: t, T.
N 100%.
N0

.
N
N0

100% = 2

t
T

100%

1204(1172).

.
.
23
11 Na 11 , 12 ;

StudyPort.ru
19
9F

9 , 10

107
47 Ag

47 , 60 ;

247
96 Cm

96 , 151

257
101 Mg

101 , 156 .

1205(1173).
20
10 Ne

10 , 10 ;

21
10 Ne
22
10 Ne

10 , 11
10 , 12 .

339

 1206(1174).

Z ,
.
1207(1175).

( 11 p )

1.

( 01n )

Z -

, 1.
1208(1176).

:
Z, A, mp, mn, mx.
,

E
.

.
A
ZX

Z

mp (..)
mn (..)
mx (..)
m = Zmp + (A Z)mn m; ECB =
=m931 ().

1209(1177).

:
.
14
N
,
Z
=
7,
7
m = Zmp + (A Z)mn mN
A = 14.
m = 71,00783 ... + 71,00866 ...
14,00307 ... = 0,11236 ...
= m931() = 0,11236931() = 105 .
.
: = 105 .

StudyPort.ru
1210(1178).

27
18 Al

30
+ 24 He 14
Si + 11H

1211(1179).

11
4
14
5 B + 2 He 7 N

+ 01n

1212(1180).
10
1
5B + 0n

24 He + 37 Li

1213(1181).
253
4
256
99 Es + 2 He 101 Md

340

+ 01n

 1214(1182).
242
94 Pu

22
260
+ 10
Ne 104
Ku + 4 01n

1215(1183).
27
13 Al

+ 01n

55
1
25 Mn + 1 H

24
4
11 Na + 2 He

25
12 Mg

56
1
27
26 Fe + 0 n ; 13 Al

+ 11H

22
4
11 Na + 2 He

26
+ 12
Mg + 11H

1216(1184).
63
30 Zn :

63
29 Cu

63
29 Cu

+ 11H

62
29 Cu

+ 11H

63
1
30 Zn + 0

n;

62
30 Zn :

62
1
30 Zn + 20 n

63
29 Cu

+ 11H

62
29 Cu

+ 11H +10 n

1217(1185).
56
2
26 Fe + 1 H

54
4
54
1
54
1
25 Mn + 2 He ; 26 Fe + 0 n 25 Mn + 1 H

1218(1186).
14
7N

+ 01n 146 C + 11H ;

14
6C

0
14
1 e + 7 N

1219(1187).
56
1
56
1
26 Fe + 0 e 25 Mn + 1 H

56
0
56
25 Mn 1 e + 26 Fe

1220(1188).
14
7N

+ 24 He 178 O + 11H ; m=m

( 147 N )

+ m

( 24He )

( 178O ) m ( 11H )

= (14,00307 + 4,0026 1,00783 16,99913) .. = 0,00129 ..

E = mc2 < 0 36 Li + 11H 24 He + 23He

StudyPort.ru
( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

m = m 63 Li + m 11 H m 42 He m 23 He = (6,01513 + 1,00783
4,0026 3,01602) .. = 0,00434 ..
E = mc2 > 0 37 Li + 24 He 105 B + 01n

( )

( )

m = m 73 Li + m 42 He m 105 B m 01 n = (7,01601 + 4,0026

10,01294 1,00866) .. = 0,00299 ..
E = mc2 < 0
1221(1189).
7
2
3 Li + 1 H

48 Be + 01n ; m = m

( 37 Li )

+ m

( 12H )

( 48Be )

( 01n )

= (7,01601 + 2,0141 8,00531 1,00866) .. = 0,01614 ..

E = m 931 = 0,01614 .. 931 /... = 15
341

 1222(1190).
7
1
3 Li + 1 H

24 He + 24 He ; m=m

( 37 Li ) + m ( 11H ) 2m ( 24He ) =(7,01601

+ 1,00783 24,0026) .. = 0,01864 ..

E = m 931 = 0,01864 .. 931 /... 15
1223(1191).
7
4
10
1
3 Li + 2 He 5 B + 0 n ;

m = m

( 37 Li )

+m

( 24He )

( 105B )

( 01n )

= (7,01601 + 4,0026 10,01294 1,00866) .. = 0,00299 ..

E = |m| 931 = 0,00299 .. 931 /... 2,8
1224(1192).
15
7N

+ 11P 126 C + 24 He ; m=m

( 157 N )

( )

+ m 11P

( 126C )

( 24He )

= (15,00011 + 1,00728 12,00000 4,00260) .. = 0,00479 ..

E = m 931 = 0,00479 .. 931 /... 4,5
4,5
1,2 = 3,3
1225(1193).
11
1
5 B + 1P

3 24 He ; m = m

( 115B )

( )

+ m 11P

3m

( 24He )

= (11,00931 +

+ 1,00728 34,0026) .. = 0,00879 ..

E = m 931 = 0,00879 .. 931 /... 8,2
1226(1194).

StudyPort.ru
84%
=168 ;
100%
m
v
pBa=pKR; mBa vBa=mKR mKR; Ba = Kr
mKr vBa

=200

2
2
EBa mBa vBa
mBa mBa
84
m
=
=
= Kr =
0,61

2
2
;
EkR mKr vKr mKr mKr mBa 137

E
E
E
+
=
Kr
Ba

EBa = 0,61EKR
0,61EKR + EKR = E; EKR =

E
168
= 104 ;
=
1,61
1,61

EBa = 0,61EKR = 0,61104 64 .

1227(1195).

.
342

 1228(1196).

1=200 ;
=1

( 23595U ) NA=200 10-3 6,021023 1

235 10-3/
M ( 235
95U )
m

5,121023 8,21010 2,3 ;

E = Q; E = qm;
m=

E 8,2 1010
2,8104 = 2,8 .
=
q 29 106 /

1229(1197).

1196.
, 220
25%, :
=8,21010 / 220 0,25=4,511012
=

E 4 ,51 1012
= 5,2107 52 .
=
t
24 3600

1230(1198).
2
1H

+ 13H 24 He + 01n ;

( )

( )

m = m 12 H + m 13H m

( 24He ) m ( 01n ) =

= (2,0141 + 3,01602 4,0026 1,00866) .. =

= 0,01886 ..
E = m 931 = 0,01886 .. 931 /... 17,6

StudyPort.ru
1231(1199).

h 2 .
224
...3
2 = 2n .
H = nh 214
n

1232(1200).
30

2 3 = 210 = 1024 .
1233(1201).

2n = 128 = 27;
n = 7;
H = nh = 72 = 14 .
1234(1202).

, 20067 () =
= 8,4 , .
343

 1235(1203).

12
6C

+ 11 p 136 C +

0
1 e .

1236(1204).

11 p + 11 p + 01e 21H + 01n .

1237(1205).

105 B + 24He 137 N + 01n .

137 N 136 C + +01e .
1238(1206).
137
55 Cs

137
56 Ba +

= E=
h

0
1 e +

0 ,66 10
4,136 1015

= 1,61020 .

1239(1207).
1
1H

+ 13H 24 He + ; m = m

( 11H ) + m ( 13H ) m ( 24He ) =

= (1,00783 + 3,01605 4,0026) .. =

= 0,02128 ..
E = m 931 = 0,02128 .. 931 /... 19,822
= 19,812 19,7 = 0,112 ; = h;
E
0.112 106
31020 .
=
h
4,136 1015

StudyPort.ru
1240(1208).

( H)

+ 11H + 01n ; m=m

2
1

( )

( )

m 11 H m 01 n =(2,01411,00783
1,00866) .. = 0,00239 ..
E = m 931 = 0,00239 .. 931 /... = 2,2 .
2
1H

1241(1209).

2
1H

+ 11 p + 01n ; m = m

( 12H ) m ( 11 p ) m ( 01n ) =(2,01411,00728

1,00866) .. = 0,00184 ..
Ek = m 931 = 0,00184 .. 931 /... = 1,7
1242(1210).
0
0
1 e + +1 e

2 ; =

c ch ch
h
6,626 1034
=
= = 2=
=
mc 9,1 1031 3 108 /
E mc

=2,41012 =2,4
344

 1243(1211).

8
31
E mc 2 264 ,3 9 ,1 10 3 10 /
=
= =
h
h
6 ,626 1034

= 2,91023 .

StudyPort.ru
345