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2014 .

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..
7 1.1.6 1 - ... ..

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1.
1.1 .
1.2.

2.
2.1.
2.2.
2.3. ,

2.4. , ,

3.

3.1.
,
/
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.
3.6. , S.G., litre weight

4.
.
3

4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
4.4.
4.5.

5 ,

5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
5.6. ,

5.7.
5.8.

6.
.
6.1. , ,
.
6.2. .
6.3. .
6.4. .
6.5. .
6.6. .
6.7. .

 7.
.
8.
.
8.1. .
8.2. .
8.3. .
8.4. .

9.

,
-.
9.1. , .
9.2. ,
.
9.3 . .
9.4. .
9.5 . /

10.
.
11.
.
11.1. ,
.
11.2. ,
.
11.3. .
11.4. .
5

11.5. .
11.6. .

12.
,

12.1.

12.2 .
12.3.
12.4. ,
12.5.
12.6 .

13.
.
13.1.
13.2. STEL
13.3.
13.4 .
13.5. .

14.


14.1. ,
-
14.2.
14.3. ,
14.4.
14.6.
6

14.7.

.

.
1% - .
.
.
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, :
, . .
,
,

, .
,
, , ,

, ,
, , .


- .
-
, , .
,
.
, .
.
. : milenab@mail.ru
, .


Amidships -
Annex
ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials -

Ballast pumps
Breadth
Bbls -
Ballast water log
Black out -
Booklet -
Bulk - , ,
Cargo
Cargo spaces
Clean ballast - ,
,
,

, ,
,
15 ..m.
Coating resistance list -
. , (stainless steel)-
, (week acid
solution). ,
- epoxy, zinc silicate .
Compatibility list - .
blank ( ) - , x-
, ,
8

 ()
.
, .
ontent -
Condensation
Cooper sampling can
Demister , ,
.
Density , .
. ,
20 .
Deposition
Discharge -
Double bottom - -
,
, .
.
Double hull -
,
, , ,
,
.
EMS guide
EPIRB -
Gas ,
Gasolin ullage paste
.
9

 -
.
Hazardous material
IMDG code
Impressed current - (
).
In effluent
In bulk - ,
If in doubt
Lands End .
.
Liquid
Manual -
Melting
mmWG - ,

Molded -
MSQ
OBO - oil-bulk-ore -
Off-hire - -
Oil - , ,
. petroleum (), fuel oil (), sludge (), oil
refuse ( ) , and oil mixed with wastes other than
dredged spoil ( ,
). ,
.
Oil tanker
10

 .
Oxygen -
Ore -
P&A - -
Pour point - ,
.
Prevent explosion
PPM part-per-million -
Purge - ,
,
,

.
Reduce
Reid vapour pressure- ,
37,8
4:1 . .
Say nothing
Scrubber ,
Stage (single stage pump )
Stability
Steam manifold-
Sublimation
Submerged pump ,
.
.
Supplement -
Surface -
Solid ,
11

Tanker
Trim
UTI --,
Ullage report
Vaporization
Vapo(u)r
Vessel
Victim -
Warning

.

( ,
)
ballast tank -
, (located) (beneath)
. (fore peak and aft peak)
.
ballast voyage -
.
- ,


.
- ,
- .
.
-
.
12

 gunclean -
-
,
; ,

.
,
- deadweight or DWT
,
1.025 ,
.
lightweight -
, , ,
, , .
jack - ,
, .
- pumpman- ,
,,
.
- .
, .
- , .
.
-
.
segregated ballast

- ,
8% .

13


.
lightering or lightering operation
,

- (service vessel) (vessel to be
lightered), ,
() .
service vessel - ,

- vessel to be lightered- ,


.
,

.
- , , , .
, instantaneous
(:
) - instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content
(instant)
.
, ,
- (
). (amidships).

, -

.
- .
, .

14

 -
1973, 1978.
-- 1,
.
g - , , ,

.
-
. ,
.
marine environment
:
)
) EEZ
)

-
pump room-
, ,
,

.
-
from the nearest land - ,
.

.
,

, .
15

 , ,
,
, , .
reducer -
, . .
, 24 . ,

- .
, .
,
, .

, .
- , ,

. , ,
.
,
,
.
,
40 .
CCR (cargo control room) -
- .

. ,
, .
-
, ,
- .
,
, 100 ..
16

- - slop tank -
,
.
- ,
-,
,
, .
- .
.
-
.
, ,

,
, .
-
- .
tank - ,

(in bulk).
-, ,
.
- - 10

.
,
, ,
.
,
.
.
, , ,
.

17

 - ,
.
.

() heating coils
,

.
fore peak -
.
- ,
, ,
.
- .

1.
,
.
, - .
, - .
. ,
.
,
. ,
, .
, ,
, ,
, , - -
.
,
.
, . ,
18

 3-4 20 .
, . .
,
, ,
, .
, .

,
, .
Tanker means a self-propelled tank vessel constructed or adapted primarily to
carry oil or hazardous material in bulk in the cargo spaces (46 CFR 155.1020).
.
. (
),
. . - , . .
. ,
. , ,
.
.

.
Where the P&I Club Plays Its Part 1 2012
85
(-
).
, 7
.
,
.
:
- ( )
- 1878 ,
- - 1882 ,
19

- Gluckauf - 1886 .
- Tina Onasis - 1954 .
- Seawise Giant 564739 .

1988 .
- Knock Nevis ,
458 , 69 , 24 , 564763.
1979-1981 . .
:
55 %
.
. :
2011 511,3 .
. - 241,8 . 63,7 . .
- 90%,
2012 , .
.
.
.
, ,
, , ,
, .

,
100 ,
, , .

() , .

( 500)
,
. .
- ,
, . -
(.1).
20

 , ,
, ..
.

21

 ,
- ,
, .
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
.
double skin, double bottom , . .
( )
. (, - -
)
( 8% ).
, .
- ,
.
.
,
, ,
.
- ( ,

1 6
) / (
, . . 2).

22




. (. . 3)

. .
.
-.
23

 , ,
, ,
.
.
12 - 15 . , .
, ,
, .
24

 .
, ,
.
.
,
.

.
:
- , ..
.

, 5
. : 5 ,
, - .
-
.

- .
- ,
,
.
.
, ,
.
10
, , 5 / .
, . ,
,
3-4 . , .
/ ,
. : .
20
, - . 30
,
, .
25

 , ,
24 ,
,
7 /2.
.

.


.
, : , , -
.
.
:

,
.
:

.

:

-
.
-
.
- ,
.
- , .
, safety
() security () .
- .

26


.
.
,
sludge, , ,
/ .

, -
. ( . . . . .,
, 1962 ).
,
. ,
,
, , ,
. ,
. ,
Trim and Stability Booklet, ,
.
,
.
: tanker manual, chemical tanker manual,
(

, 2 73/78,

, , , ,
).
cargo operating
manual ,
.
.
,
, .

.

27

1.1 .

1.1.1.
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
-;
- ;
- ;
- : // (// - oil/bulk/ore),
/ (/ - oil/ore).

.

.
:
- 24999 ;
- 49999 ;
- 159999 ;
- 320000 (VLCC);
- 320000 (ULCC).

,
- ,
, .
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
.
28

 double skin, double

bottom- ,
.
.

.
- .
, - ,
.
3-4
.
- .
( ),
, .
.
,
OCIMF Recommendations
for Oil Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment (
).

vapor recovery system, .
,
Gate Valves
().
( )
,

95
98%.


.
-
,
( , . . 4),
.
29

. 4
,
,
.
2- UTI ( ) .
(95%)
.

, ,

.


.
.
- .
30

 ,
, , ,
, , .

.

()

1.1.2. 1956
.
-
1960 .
60
, .
1.1.3. - ,
,
17 IBC(. I)
500
, , ,
( ), .
.
1.1.4. .
. . ,
,
:
- - ,
,

. ,
. , ,
, .

.
,

. .
- -
, . ,
31

,
.
tank coating resistancy list.
.
,
.
,
.
- ,
. .
.
.
:
- epoxy phenolic - , ,
,
.
- epoxy amine -
,
.
- epoxy isocyanate - ,
.
- - .
.

. .
- ,
, glycol ethers,
, 2 .
- ,
.
.

.

, pitting(
).
.
32

 1 1986 ,
1 1986 IBC International code for the
construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in bulk (.
I, 1-6). ,
.
1.1.5. -:
- 1 ,
, 17
,
,

, .

760 , .
12503.
.
- 2 - .

760 .
3000 3.
(
2-3 ).
- 3 - .
.
.
.
.
(parcel , ) 38
.
.
, , ()
Lands End.
33


.

,
.
.
12 % ,
9%, 70% -
,
.
5% .
2.5 % .
( 300 .)
.

2000

70% 5000 .


.
,
, ,
,
, .

, .

, , ,
,


.

34

1.1.6. .

.
. ,
. ,
-
1% 1 2012 .
.

MARPOL Annex VI 4.

, ,
.

.

:
-
( 12 ).
,
.

.
- /
.
-
,
.
.
- .
.
-
/H2S .
- MARPOL AnnexVI
Sox
(SECAs).
- -
, EEDI energy efficiency design index 15.07.2011 .
35


.

100 000 ..
Wartsila.

.
Wartsila
RTA96-C. ,
.
0,960 ,
2,500 .
2 .
8 - 12 .
14 .
.
Wartsila-Sulzer 14RTA96-C 2300 , 300
. - 26,7 ., - 13,2 .
108,920 .., - 25,480 .
( 50%)
( 150 /. .),
,
.
18- -.

. 5. 12RTA96

36

1.2.
1.2.1.
,
.
,
.
- .
,
- ,
, .
,
,
.
,
, ,
,
, .. .


.
.
, ,
.
: Ship is not slave. You must make her easy in a
seaway
. -
, , ,
.
,

.
,
.
,
,
.
37

 , , ,
.
,
(
).
,
, 10 .
1.2.2. .
, 98% ,
.

, .

(
),
sloshing.
. -
. . .
, 4 /,
.
, ,
. ,

.
1.2.3. (. 6).

38

. 6
39

 .
, ..
, ,
, , ,
.
:
- (. )
- .
,
:
-
0.07
.

/c2.

- 0.07 ,
.
,
.
.
.
, ,
,
.
- ,
.

. .
,
.
.

, .

40


.
.
1.2.4.
1.2.4.1
, ,
.

.
-
- -2,3 4 ,
.
-
.
. ,
,
, steam manifold, .
.
-
. 5
. 4-5 .
,
250 400 . -
, .
. .
2 ,
.
-
.

.

. . ,
,
.
110 ,
.
41

 ,
:
- , .
- (
).
- .
,
.
.
.

. .
, ,

. 110 ,
.
-
20 .
1-2 ,
. 3 5
.
, - , , .
23 .
, .
- .
(
) - :
:
25
() () 57
- 57 ( 21-26 ).
42

 25 -
( )
. - ,
, - .
70
- .
, ,
.
, ,
.
: , 1 .
,
.

,
.
- .
:
1.
.

2. (drain)
.
3.

.
4. .
5. .
: , ,
,
.
, ,
.
43

 , , ,
65 .

70 . , ..
.
1.2.4.2. -.
( , )
. ,

, :
- /
, .. .

, .
- .
\ .
- (observation
tank) ,
.
, ,
.
.
.
.
. ,
3 /2. 8 /2. ,
.
- , (, toluene
di-iso-cyanate (TDI), . .
. .
.
, . ,
.
44

- ,
.

-.


. 2-3
. .
1.2.4.3.
,
(propylene oxide isoprene ).
, ( ) 37.8
(Reid vapour pressure),
, 45 ,
,
.
, ,
.
15
.

, ,
, ,
,
:
- (, , , )
- (, , )
- (, )
- (, )
- (, , )
-
-
-
45

 ,
,
, .
1.2.4.4.
,
. , ,
, .

( ).

. ,
.
,
, ,
pumpman (pump - ) .
( ), ,
. ,
16 ,
16 ,
.
,
.
, - :
- .
- .

24
.
,
32 , , .
, ,
, ,
.
46

1.2.4.5. .
.
1. dirty ballast - ,
.

2. -clean ballast ,
.
3. - segregated ballast , ,
, .


.

L -.
.

, .
:
,
.
. ,

sladge.
. , . ,
,


, .
.
,

, 13(3) 1,
.

- spool peace.
.
,
.
47

- . .

IMO/MARPOL , 95 %
, , ,
3 .
,
.
ballast water log
. .

. passage plan :
- , .
- 200 ( 2000
).
- , , 200 .
- .
- .
1.2.4.6. .

, , , , .
.
.

, .


.
:
- .
- .
:

48

- 3-4
(, ) ,
ISGOTT, against flow ( ),
.
, , ,
, , . ( ):
-
, .
- ,
30 .
-

.
1.2.4.7. (. 7)

.
. ,
,
.
, , .

49

. 7

50

. 7

51


,
.

, /.

vapour control valves.
.
: ,
.
, .
(torpedo-shaped dip weight),
0.7 1.5 .
, 13 ,
30 , , . ,
.
30 1 ,
,
. ,
water finding paste.
water cut
measurement- - ,
,
- .

- .
gasoline ullage paste.

,
, ,
.
copper sampling can -
500 . 1500 . 0,5 .
3 . ,
.
52

,

, , .
, ,
.
.
, ,
.
, ,
, ,

. ,
( ,
,


).
, , ,
, .
. , 0.2 % ,
. , , 150
300 .
, .
,
, TOV
(total observed volume).
.

- 60 F, 15 C, 20 C. , .
,
.
.

.

53


-.
1.2.4.8. -
3% .
2% . , 150
2 - 1,5 ,
- 1000 .
:
- - .
- .
- .
-
(DPP--- dirty petroleum products) (CPP --
clean petroleum products).
,
, .
-
, , ,
.
: ?
: , .
- ,
,
, ,
(
,
).

1.2.4.9.

.
54

 . ,
.
- , , ..
,
.
1.2.4.10.
-

ODME-oil discharge monitoring equipment
(..10)

55

. 8.
15 Annex I MARPOL 73/78 ODME
, (discharge)
56

 . , ,
.
(overboard discharge).


.
Annex I MARPOL
73/78, , .


.
,
,
15 , ,
.
Annex I.

.

.
.
, . . ,
20-30 ,
. , (film).
.
ODME .
.

. 3 .
.
.
, ODME.
:

57

- oil record book 1 ,

(sladges), .
- oil record book II - , Annex I,
.
,
, , ORB II.
: .
ODME :
- ,
, , -
.
.
- monitoring system- ,
.
,

.
.
.
,
.

.
- .
ontrol system -


.

. ,
, .
, ODME ,
,

58

 ( ) ,
. .

:

- 30 .
- .
- .
- 15 .
- 100 .
- 999 range exceeded.
- .
- .
- .
- 20
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
Trouble shooting pages
Operation Manual.
. ,
:
Oil content in effluent exceeds 1000 ppm.
Set the stand-by mode and start across running and calibration, regardless
calibration mode is completed without any alarm. If oil content in effluent is still over
1000 ppm , a visual observation of the surface of water can confirm this result.
59

If no oil on surface, verify that sample water is free from air.

If failure persists, enter estimated oil content manually.
.
ABS.

.
:
- - -
.
- (GMT)
.
.
- .
- .
,
,
.

.
10 ,
:
- .
- .
- .
- , 10 .

:
- -- .
- ( ).
- .
- - .
60

- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .

, ODME
, , ,
ppm.

1.2.4.11.
, . ,
, .
.
, . 1%,
6 % .
.
1% 99% .
6 % 94 % . , 1%
6%, .
20.9 %.
18 % ,

.
17-16%

3 % ).

,
10 %
,
(,10% ). ,
61


).

(.. 9

. ,

8% ,
, .
, .
,,
.
.
,
(, , ..9).
, , :
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , MMC . .).
_- (pilot burner)

(main burner).
/ .
.
.
.
,
. ,
. ,
.
ISGOTT(
- ) ,
5 % .
1% - 4%.
, , .
,
,
62

 ,
.
-

.
.
,
,
. 25 %
100% .
(.. 9),
.

(5 % ),
.

5 . ,
,
.
- .
(.. 9)

,
.
.
.
.
.
-
, (.. 910).

63

. 9

64

. 10
, :
- - -
.
.
,
2
.
65

- ,
. , ,
.

:
The prime function of inert gas systems on board tankers is to ..
Prevent explosion.
An electrostatic charge can develop in a crude oil cargo tank when..
The tank is being washed.
In a cargo tank ,the lowest level of oxygen that can support a fire or explosion is.
11 %.
Purging tanks with inert gas after discharge is undertaking to ..
Reduce the Hydrocarbon content.
Purging must continue until the hydrocarbon level in a tank reaches ..
2% or less.
Purging is necessary to reduce the level of hydrocarbons below the critical dilution
path before oxygen is introduced.
True.
The main gas components flue gas are ..
Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide.
The purpose of the scrubber is to ....
Clean the gas of solids and soot.
At the start of discharge ,oxygen level in the delivered IG can be artificially reduced
by .
Running ballast pumps or other pumps.
Inert gas heavier than fresh air.

.True.

,
brownout .
66

 , .
To sleep late - to stay up late.
Open the light put on the light.
Comfort room - rest room.
IBM computers.
, ,
.
1.2.4.12.
.
: .
2 ,
(purging), .
.
.
. .


. 21%
. ,
. .
. , .
. -, . ,
, , , ,
, , . .
:
- ,
.
- 5 %
-
8%.
-

67

1,25
, . .,

../.

10 000
../,

12 500

, DWT 153 000 , 34000 3/, 2

8500 3/, 2 32 / ,
IFO-380, 60 /.
, :
,
, 5% 2 ,
, , 4 % 2. ,
. ,
- ,
, .
1.2.4.12.

, .
(main deck inert gas line) .
,
,
.

: 6
, . .

.
: ,
.
, ,
.
, .
.
,
, .
, ,
.
68

1.2.4.13. , /

.
- :
- vapour emission control system manual
- inert gas system manual

:

-
(3/).

- ,
.
- .
- .

/
-.
.
:
1500 2000 0.15 /2 0.2
/2.
300 450 0.03 / 2 0.045
/2.
/

3
1850 /, 1200 3/.

.
,
.
p/v valves p - 1700 mmWG
p - 1400 mmAq

v - 350 mmWG
v - 350 mmAq

mmWG mmAq .
69

 P/V valves ().

gas-free. /,
, , . : 6
cleaning- P/V, 3
.
1.2.4.14. -.
P/V , ,
P/V
.
, ,

.

( /)
.
,
,
. .
, P/V .
, ( /)
,
P/V

.
2100 WG (
)
700 WG (
). .
50/50 . . Monoetilenglicole
60% 40 %.
.
:
- 15 .
- , .

70

1.2.4.15. (.11).

. 11


.
- , .
71

 (cleangage),
, , .
1 - 150
300 . ,
. 25%
.

, .
,
(, ).
.
, .
.
. .
.
. .
-
8 /2 ,
,
,
.
,
(high pour point) (high viscosity)
:
Amna

Lagunillas

Ardjuna

Lucina

Boskan

Maya

Bu Affitel

Minas(Sumatra Heavy)

Cabinda

Minas(Sumatra Light)

Cinta

Sarir

Duri

Shengli

Gamba

Tapis

Jatibarang

Tia Juana Pesado

72

Labuan

Tila

Laguna.
,
.
,
, :
1. 600 cSt.
2. , pour
point 10 .
3. ,
.
-
400
. ,
, .

:
Crude oil washing must not be undertaken unless the oxygen level in the tank
atmosphere is .
- less than the maximum permitted by the terminal.
Single nozzle machines can be programmed to wash any part of the cargo tank.
true.
- how is the correct operation of a submerged twin nozzle machine checked?
By visually sighting its operation using water during ballast passage.
- MARPOL utquires the capacity of draining system to be of sufficient size to .
..
Remove all the oil that is supplied, plus 25%? When all the COW machines in the
designated tanks, or tanks being washed , are operating at their design pressure.
- during bottom COW ,tanks must be kept free of liquid oil build up. .. True.
Heavy crudes cannot be used for COW.
73

- False.
The cloud point of crude oil is the temperature at which waxy deposits starts to settle
out. ..
- True.
For sludge control purposes ,COW must be performed in 25 % of all cargo tanks ..
- As required, except that no tank need be washed more often than once every
four months.
The purposes of conducting the pre-arrival checklist is to
- Meet the requirements of MARPOL.
The checklists to be used before, during and after COW are to be found ..
- In the vessels Equipment and Operations manual.
Immediately prior to commencing COW, the oxygen level in every tank must be
measured
- At the upper and middle level in the tank to be washed using portable
instrument.
1.2.4.16. .
- .
-
.



spool pieces(
,
).
II ,
Y Z, .

. 3 Procedure and Arrangements
.
:
-
-
-
74

- .

,
.
1.2.4.17.
:
.
- ,

:
- - OWS 15 ppm

. (155.370).
- .
-
15 ppm.

- (sladge
tanks and bilge tanks).
- .


.
- ,
,
,
. ,
, ,

.
. , - 3 , 1
1 1 USD. ,
. .

75


.
6 .
- .
2 , 2 ,
3-4 .

1 2010 . :
- water ballast management
-
-
- .
- .
- .

,
.
1.2.4.18.
.
.

8
.
8 % .
,
- 2% , purging-

.

, .
.
21%.

76

:
.
(purging) 2% .
, , Safety manual
Tanker manual
. ,
7% 2. :
- 16-17% .
- 13% .
- 11 %
- ISGOTT ( ) OCINF (Oil Companies
International Marine Forum) 8 % .
- 7 % .
1.2.4.19. -
CCR - cargo control
room, ( ),
,
.
,
. .
, ,.

, PIC (person in charge)


.
:
1. .


( -).
.
, .
.

77

2. -
( ).
3. ( ,
) ODME (oil detection monitoring equipment).
4. ,
.. ,

. ,
,
( LEL %).
. .
.
5. .
6. .
7. .
, 25 . . .
2. PIC .
1.2.4.20.

, -.
, . .
.
1) (radar type)
2) (ultrasound type)

:
.

: , ,

(
).
,
(transducers), ,
.

,

/
.
78


.
:
- , 95 % , 98% .
, .

- .
.

.
, ,
.
.
.

/ .
,
.
on-line .
/ .

, .. ullages.
, ,
.
, , .
, ,
, , , .
.
.
.
:
- -
,
.
79

-
.
-
.

,
.
-

.

,
, .

.
.
UTI (--).

1.2.4.21.
/ (.12).
(ullage) -
, .
, .
/
.

.

80

. 12
81

1. ,
. , 90
.
2.
( ).
3.
. :
.
- ON.
- 1. , .
- .
- , ..
, .
- .
4. , .
,
, .
.
.
.
- - +- 3 .

5. ,
.
, .
-
. .
.
6. , ON,
, .
. .
.
() ,
82

7. ,
.
- . ,
,
, 1 -
.
.
.
-

/F.
2-3 .
3 ,
. -40 +90, 0.2 .
- -
, .

,
, .

. , 177
.

, ,
.
,
OBQ (on-board-quantity) ROB (remain-on-board).
1.2.4.22.

IMO/SOLAS ,
. , , .
. .


, .
83



,
. (Ph).
. .

,

.
,
, 30 , 10-20
. ,
.
1.2.4.23.

mast riser or vent riser. 4
Summary of Minimum Requirements.
,
.
.
.
1 -0.1 ,
0.8 , 0.1 .
.
VEC , .
VEC,
- - ,
.
,
.
VEC:
1. .
.

84

P.V. (/)

( 6 )
.
2. 98
.
.
3.
, ,


, .
4.
.
.
VEC
.
5.
.
.
6. VEC .
.
:
- VEC
-
-
- VEC
- , ,
, , .
7. - .
:
Vapour ( ) control system means an arrangement of piping
and equipment used to control vapor( ) emissions collected
85

from a vessel , and includes the vapor collection system and the vapor processing
unit.
Vapor collection system means an arrangement of piping and hoses used to
collect vapor emitted from a vessels cargo tanks and transport the vapor to a vapor
processing unit.
Vapor processing unit means the components of a vapor control system that
recovers, destroys , or disperses vapor collected from a vessel.
1.2.4.24.

,
.

, .

.

- , . .
, -, ROB, OBQ, ullages reports
.
:
-
-
.
- .
.
- .
- .
-
-
.

( ) .
86

- .
-
-
- -
- , ,
, GZ .
- .
-
.
- , ,
, , ,
.
- ,
.

- .
- .

.

, .
.
, ,
.
1.2.4.25. 95%
98%.
,
,
. 95%
.
1.2.4.26.


87


.
.

,
.
1.2.4.27. (.13)

88

. 13
89

 . ,
.
foam gun- 1
20 . 5-7-10
.
.
6% 94 % .
.
2 200 3\
, ,
80 3\.
,
.
:
, (
).
, .
.
. ,
.
.
1. , ,
,
.
2. , , .
3. , -
,
,
.
4. .
2 1 3 . (
safety manual .

90

5.
. .
6., , ,
.

2.
2.1.
2.1.1. , ,
.

, ,

,
.

- .
( , . )
.
.
.


.

. ,
. .
3 .
.
.
.
2.1.2.
, .
91

-
.
.
, .

.




.

- .

90 .
.
,
. ,
.
.

.

.
.

.
-
. -
.
:

92

2.1.3. , ,
, .
,
.
,
.
(9 )
10 -12 .
. ?
.
.
2.1.4.
.
,
.
:
- .
- .
- .
- , .
-
.
- - .

.
.
. (..14).

93

. 14

,
.
.
, .
, .
94

 ,
,
- .
:
. ,
.


,
.
: ,
, , , .
Ammonia aqueous, Urea ammonium solution,
Sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda), caustic Potash solution .

, .
2.1.5.
,
, ,
.
, ,
:
-
;

-

;
-
/;
- ;
- (SF) , ,
, /
.
,
, :
95

- /
- ,
/
.
.
, .

.
. .
.
2.1.6. , .
,
.
, .


.

(200-250 ).
:
- ;
-
;

- .
:
- 16 ;
- ( 6 ).

.

96

 ,
, , .
5-8 .

12 .
.
,
. -,
:
- ;
- ;
- , ;
- ,
.

.
2.2.
2.2.1.

.
.
, ,
,
.
,
.
.
,
.

.
.
97

, ,
.

,
.

2.2.2.
.
200 3/ 4000 3/.
. -
.
, .

.
, :
-
, .
- ...
,
...
- .
- .
,
:
.
2.2.3.

.

.
.
.
self priming
.
98


.
,
:
- .
- .
- .
- , .
- 50 %
.
- .
:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.
2.2.4. - .
Deep-well type
.

.
. :
. :
.

two stage or three-stage type .
99

 single
stage pump ,
.
Multistage pumps
- .

: 500-600 3/ 1500
3/ .
,
.
submerged hydraulic driven cargo pump,
.
,
,

.
,
,
, .
. ,

. .
,
. , .
, , ,
. - ( )
.

.
. , .
-.

.
2.2.5. ,

, .
2.2.6. .
100

 -
, .

/
.

.
2.3.
2.3.1.
.
,
, ,
.
,
, ,
, , , ,
.
,
( ).

, .
,
,
(3/) /.
, . ,
,
.

. ,
, -.
,
, , , ,
, .

.

101

 ,
- .
2.3.2. ( )
( ).

-.
.
: , , ,
.
, .

.
,
.
, .
,
.

. ,
.

, . , .
30 ,
. .
3 . ,
14.00, 17.00.
, 8
.
2.3.3. ,
.

.
. ,

, : ,
. ,
102

 . :
.
2.3.4. .
, - one foot
sample:
, .

, .
2.3.5. .
,
, ,
. .
,
.
2.3.6.

(, , )
, ,
.
, ,
.
, .
4 2S .

-. , .
30 ppm -
.
, .
2.3.7. : 98 %
ISGOTT 98.5 %
- 155.775 33 CFR( ).
Tanker Manual :
103

98%
, .

( - , 159 , - .
, 1 7,3 ).

,
.
: ,
. ,
- .
2.3.8.
,, .
,
, .
. ,
.
2.3.9. load on top
.

:
,
( -)
,
.
: OBQ
.
,
,
.
2.3.10 . .
,
.
, 45 API.
104

 H2S , , 18 %.
8 API, 3000 .
, 150 .
,
15% .
2 30 % ,
57 .
2.3.11.
:
-
- .
,
,
.
Transfer procedures

:
1) , .
2) , .
3)
:
- ( ).
- 2 , 3 ;
- ;
- ;
- , .
4)
.
5) topping off tanks.
6) .
7) ,
, , , . .
8) , ,

,
105

 ,
, ,
,
.
9) , transfer
procedures - ,
, , p/v ,
, flame and detonation arresters ( ),

,
(46-39.30-1(b)),
, rupture disk, /.
,
,

( ).
(overfill device),

, ,
,
.
2.3.12.
:
-
-, COW ,
- IGS
-
-COW
-ODME
-
-Trim and stability manual
- .
, ,

,
.
2.3.13.
106

 / (safety checklist)
, . ,
.
2 :
- prearrival checklist ( )
- .

checklist).

(during loading

,
.
-
. .

.
, :
-
-
.
- ,
.
- .
- :
1) : , ,
, .
. 300 3/,
5 1500 3/. 2 1000
3/. .
2) .
. , .
,
.
,
. ,
.
107

 ( 20 )
. WHY,
.
.
.
,

.
,

. ,
. . - ,
.
3) .
4) .
, , :
1)
;
2) ;
: ,
, 200 ,
, 700 800 WG ,
.
,
.
, .
.

, :
- 2.6 / 5 2 ;
- - 25 3/
15 , 50 3/ 15 , 200 3/ 30 ,
;
- ;

108

,
,
.. .
3)
;
4)
, .
5) ,
,
-;
- ;
-
;
-
, ;
- .
(. 15);

109

. 15

110

- .
, . , ,
;
- ,
. ,

.

;
-
;
- ;
-

;
- ,
( ),
,
, ,
.
:

, ,
, .


, .

.
.
17.2
.
.

/,
.
111

 -shore stop
or ship stop.
, /

. -
.
.

. ,
- .
2.3.14. -
IBC,
19 ,
, .
Certificate of
Fitness, .
, .
(
).
,
.
1.
2.
3.,
4.
5.
6. Spool Peace .
:
1.
2. Certificate of fitness
3. - ,

. ,
.
112

 ,
,
:
1. IBC, 17 1
153 ( 46 CFR);
2. ;
3. ;
4. , ,
;
5. ;
6. ;
7.
;
8. ;
9. ;
10. ;
11. .
cargo record book ,
.
, ,
.
:
)

, , ,
:
1) - cofferdam
2) - empty tank
3) void space
4) cargo handling space
5) tank containing a compatible cargo
6) piping tunnel
b)
, ,
.
113


:
1) (valve)
(spool piece)
(pipes ends) .
2) (spectacle flanges)

-.
2.3.15. :
,
:

- ( ),
,
, , .
(),
, .
,
, ,

, .
(
)
.

.
-
, .
:
1. ;
2. ;
3. ;
4.
;
114

5.
.
1 - 1250 3
, 2 3000 3.
15
.

,
.
, ,
, ,
,
:
- (, , , );
- (, , );
- (, );
- (, );
- (, , );
- ;
- ;
- .
,
,
, .
, .
, 3 .
, , : solid, liquid, gas, sublimation,
deposition, vaporization, condensation, melting, freezing, triple point, critical point.
.. ( Ships
correspondence) :
- , .
- , -, -
.

115

2.3.16.
,
, ,
,
,
.
/
,
,
.
/ .
2.3.17.
.
-
.
1 .

. :

1) (
- )
( ) .
.
2) , .
, .
, .
.
3) -

.
. ,
.

,
.
116

, .
.

. ,
2 .

.
.
, ,

- , .

(
,
).
.

.

, (
). ()
.
.
, -
, .
, - .
-.
,
.
.
2,3 4 , 4
2
. 8 .
117

 - ,

Framo deepwell cargo
pump -
. submerged pump - ,
( )
.
:

. 20 .
:
.
,
.

. - ,
. .
, , . .
.
2.3.18. :
1 1986 :
- 300
.
300
.
1 1986 1 2007 .
, 100
.
Z 300
.
1 2007 .
X, Y, Z- 75
.
118

 - prewash.
Y - prewash .
. .
Z - . .
: , 7 ,12 ,
25 .
Other substances . ,
, , .
2.4. , ,
2.4.1. :

, ,
.

, ,
, .

, . , 80
, 100
Premium -
,
. ,

.
, - -
.
5 . .
- , .
- .
, ,
.

119

 . vapour lock
, -
.
. . .
.
.
2.4.2. .
.
(rinsing).
.
, , , , ,
, .
,
, .
, .
: ,
, . .
, .
2.4.3.
, // ,
- .
, .
, Stanlow, ,
.
, ,
,general information.
:
, , , , ,
sludges, . - - , - . ,
sludges 10 . ,
,
- , .

120

2.4.4.

. , ,
.
- , , ,
.

.

2.4.5. .

.

.
-
.
.
. .
,
.
2.4.6. -.

.
, ,
,
.
IBC code P&A
.

:
1) .
, .
. 5 3 - 200
70 .

121

 ? 200 ,
16 .
5 ? .
60 .
- 1.5-2.0 . .
4-7 .
, , .
. 70 ,
.
,
. wall-wash test.
5 , 15 .
.
50 , 5 , ,
45 .
, ,
. . , .
22 .
2) ,
, , .
.
3)
:
- 450
- 680
1- 1.5 ,
, .
4) .
- 50 , . 3-4 .
. 30 .
.
122

5) 5 .
. .
6) ,


.
21 off hire.
7) ,
.
8) , 1 1 10
. -
.
3% Marclean. Wall
Water test,
, .
- .
Marclean -
, - 11 (
).
, Marclean
, , Gragopump.
.
-
.
9)
.

.
,

. Teepol - , ,
, ,
.
. 4 .
, ( )
high pressure mashine ( ,
- ).
, Teepol ,
,.
123

10) Annex I -,
(overboard discharge).
- Annex II .
11) , ,
.
.
, , , .
.
12) - pitting , .
. .
, ,
. -
,
(pitting), .
13)
,
.
14) , ,
. , ,
. .
15) WWT ,
, . ,
. .
16) mopping. :
.
17) ,
.
airduck .

,
, .
18) . first foot, . . 30 ,
, , . .
124

 , . ?
, .
19) air. .
20) .
.
21) ,

.

.
,
.

2.4.7. .
:
- Drew Ameroid marine to guide.
- Tank cleaning Dr.Verwey,s
- Stolt tank cleaning manual
- CP products CTC tank cleaning manual.
()
, .
.
,
.

Wall Wash. ,
?
: , , , , NVM (non
volatile matter - ).
PTT ,
, , , , , ,
.

125

Acid wash colour test (,

,). .

, , ,
, , .
-
.
: , ,
.
Stolt parcel tankers
, .

10

,
.
,
. , ,
.
. : ,
, , ,
, .
.
3 .
= ,
. .

.
: , .
-
.
. .

126

 :
1) ,
, .
.

.
2) - , 0
, 0 60 .

. ,
, .
.
, .
3) - , .
.
. .
.
4) ,
.

5) ( 50
200 ) .
.
,
( NVL)
(). NVL
,
.
, , ,
.
,
.
- ?
127

 ,
.

6) -
.
.
,
?
- . -
.
7)
( 1.0).
, ,
.
: ,
.

. ,
.
Water White .

Water White .

.

.

Wall Wash Test -

,
, ,
,
, .

128

 wall wash. .
,
( )
.

,
.
.
:
- ;
- ;
- , .
, ,
, .
. water white -
- .
, . :
.
, .
. ,
.
.
. , : 20-20-20
20
0 20 .
20 .
. ,
. , .
.
.
.
.
129

.
. . :
- ;
- ;
- ;
-
, Dry Certificate ;
- , ,
;
- , ,
.
. , ,
.

.
. . ,
.
.
.
. .
.
ample experience
.
. .
. Methanol, Ethanol, Palm . Phenol
. ,
. Phenol .
, , .
. ,
. , ,
safety management manuals.
.
.

manual
.
.
130

 .
. But human errors are inevitable.

2.5.

. . ,
150000 - .
, ,
()
.
. ,
.

- , .
-
.

, .
350000 .
4 .
- ,
4 . , ,
100 ,
. .
3 -5 . . .
. ,
, . ,
,
.

.
25
. 7,3 .
,
.
131

 :
,
30 , 3 .
,
44 ,
5 .
,
:
1) OCIMF.Ship to ship transfer guide(Petroleum).
.
.
2) ICS.Guide to Helicopter/Ship Operations.
.
/.

,
,
, ,
5
.
, .
,
.
100 ,
, ,
.

spark arrestor . - (supply boat),
(crew boat).

.
132

 1
.
, .
.

, (service vessel).
, .
,
.
450 .
.

133

 3.
.
3.1. ,
/
-

(.17).
, , , ,
, .
( ,
) , ,
.

( 400 ).
0.750 1.000.

/ .
, :
- (LPG) .
-
-
-
-
.
,
, :
-
- Premium
- Premium
-
-
- ()

134

 ,
-
.
:
- : Benzine, Benzol, Gasoline, Naphta, Toluol, Xylol,
Carbon disulphide, Ether (sulphuric), Ethyl (acetate), Nickel carbonil.
- :Acetone ,Ethyl alcohol(Spirits of wine) ,Pyridene ,
Methyl alcohol, propyl alcohol .

, , .
-
, . , 4,
100 .
1 7
5 24
25
- 162
400 .
(volatility) -
, .
, .
,
, ,
.
.
.
:
, .
, bubble-point vapour pressure ,
, /
.
.

135

 ,
.
,
.
,
, .
RVP-Reid Vapor Pressure -
,
37.8 . 4:1,
.

60 /60 F , API 60
F, (/) 15 .
60 F
15 .
, (/)
15 (590 F), 600 F. 200.
.
0

(bbls)
(3) ,
, :
Bbls = 3. 6.28981
150
600F, , , ASTM 52.

:

- -
,
.
.
- - ,

136

- -


.
.
- - ?
, .
? ( ,
).
- /
, .
- (pour point) - , , .
, . ,
, .
- . ,
, .
- (cloud point) -
.
.
-
cloud point.
- .
? ,
.
.
.
. ,
not darker then 2.5. ,
- ,
. , 2.5 .
,
. .
OXYDATION . P&I
, , .

137

 - autoxidation -
.
.
( )
,
. :
Diethyl ether, other ethers; epoxides; benzaldehyde.
a-pinne terpenes.
. , .
- , -
,
. ,
.
, ,
300 , 10 .
.
,
.
,
, , .


.
Compatibility list.
:
, 1%
- , ,
1%. - .
3.2 .
. .
Periodic Tables Important Phisical Data of the
Elements.
.

138

 .
- , ,
.
-
. ,
.
1 Lack of
.

.

knowledge -

. .
. -
,
.
.
, ,
.
- .

.
.
.
.
.

, ,

,
(-).
,
( ), ,
.
139


, .
, , 100
.
.

HCL
Hydrochloric acid
HNO3
Nitric acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric acid

H3PO3
Phosphoric acid
H2S
Hydrogen sulfide

HNO3
Nitrous acid
HCN
Hydrogencyanid
H-COOH
Formic acid
CH3-COOH
Acetic acid
HF
Hydrofluoric acid
H2CO3
Carbon acid

Caustic
NAOH
KOH
Ca(OH)2
Ba(OH)2

Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide
Barium hydroxide

.
NH3
NH3+H2O

Ammonia
Salmiac

+
(-).
:
0 -
7 -
140

pH14 - increasing alkalinity

:
+ = +
.

.

= , , , , ,
.
.
,
. , CO, CO2, SO2, SO3.
, .

.

, ,

.
/
,
.
.
impressed current.
.
,
.
(..16).

141

. 16

142

 , ,
( , ,
, ).
- 7


. .
- .
- .
.

.

.. :
1.

.

( );
2. ;
3.
.
..
. ,
, .
, ,
(),
. , ,
, .
1
2. vinyl acrylic
. ,
:
- isoprene, styrene (vinyl benzene), vinyl toluene, a-methyl styrene, acrolein,
vinyl acetat, acrylates, vinylidene chloride.

143

 (,
) : olefins, aldehydes,
allyl alcohol. .
.

. , , ,
.
,
.
( , ,
, ) - ,
NaOH. 57
.
JP4, JP8 , ()
().
Phenol
Sodium hydroxide solution (caustic soda sol.)
Acrylonitrile
Methyl alcohol (methanol)
Acetic acid
Sulphuric acid
Toluene diisocyanate (TDI)
Nitric acid
Palm oil
Ethylene glycol
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)
Ethylene dichloride (EDC)
Furtural
Acetone
Benzene
Xylene
.
)
Linseed oil
Tung oil
China wood oil
Soya bean oil
hempseed oil
Walnut oil
144

Otticea oil
Perilla oil
Rubberseed oil
Poppyseed oil
Tll oil

)
cottonseed oil
sesame oil
maize oil
wheat oil
sunflowerseed oil
codliver oil
cod oil
herring oil
shark oil
whale oil
sardine oil
Japanese Fish oil
.
) .
Lard oil
Olive oil
Groundnut oil
Rape (Colza)oil
Almond oil
Rice oil
Sperm oil
Seal oil
Palm oil
Palm Kernel oil
Coconut oil
Tallow oil
Castor oil
3.3.

. ,
,

.

,

.
145

 ,
, , .

,

.

.
:

390-530

290-430
300-330

660

630
( ..).

.
. .
3.4. (..9)

, . ,
. 4 1 5%,
9 - 1 10 %, 78 5 83%.
, , .

,
.

, .

,
( ),
.
ISGOTT - .
ISGOTT 5-edition, 4-
.
146

 ,
.
.
3.5. .
, , ,
.

. .
,
.
( MSDS, , ,
, , flammable
limits 1.4% 6%)
( .
MSDS - ,
.
MSDS
.
1% 10 %
.
, ..
.
- 8
, .

1.5-2.0 . - ,
5, 2.5 .
.
60 ( ) , . .
60 .

147

3.6. , S.G. , litre weight

- ( ) (
) .
- the specific gravity (S.G.)

.
- the litre weight 1
.

4.

.



. , ,

- - .
,
,
.

,
.
, .
: ,
- .

Tanker safety guide (chemical).
1 200 .
2200 .
.

:
148

-
-
-
-
-
-
- .
.
(
) ( ).
(
) 2010
. .

,
5% (/).
10 .
.
,

.
-
.
, , .

.
. .. ..
. ..:
,
,
,

.

149

(, )
,
, , ,
.
-
. .
.
safety officer, - ,
,
,
.
DPA - .
- ,
.
:
,
, .
.

- ,
.
.
:
-

;
-
;
-
;

-
,
;

150

- ;

-
?
- ,
, ;
- .
,

;
Oil Companies International Marine Forum Control of
Drugs and Alcohol Onboard Ship. :
Alcohol impairment shell be defined as a blood alcohol content of 40 mg/100 ml
or greater.
1978
,
: H works not so hard -
. ,
.
4.1. ( )


SMS-safety management system.
, 74
73/78, 500 ,
().
,

.
() ,
,
.

151

,
.
:
-
.

- .
-
, ,
,
.
( ).
,
, ,
, .
4.2.
4.2.1. . ,
, , ,
, , .
,
, .
.
.
.
4.2.2. , : . ,
-
(25 bbls),
(75 bbls),
, -
,
.
152

4.2.3.
, ,
.

,
,
, .
,
, :
- ?
- ?
- ?
- ?
- ?
.
.
:
- , ;
- ;
- , ;
- ;
- ;
- .
4.3.

,
.

.

,

.
.

.
153

 :
- ;
- .
4.4.
)
, .

.
.
) . ,
,
.
) :
- .
-
.
- , ,
, ,
,
.

,
.

.


.
.
.
.
:

1% .
154

: , ,
.
. .
ISGOTT.
,
. ISGOTT
.
:
, 500 ,

.
, :
- .
- ,
.
.
,
.
1) Subject HOT WORK PERMIT
Good day,
Please confirm hot work on main deck to repair cracks on steam line for
tomorrow 27.06.2012
Ship is gas free condition. Please find attachments with HOT WORK PERMIT
and RISK ASSESSMENT.
Regards Captain
2) Good day Capt
Your hot work request and RA has been reviewed and discussed with Tech Dept.
Noted vessel is in gas free condition.
Please follow instructions for welding procedure issued by Tech Dept under
separate email.
155

Basis this welding procedure, permission for hot work on steam lines crack
repair is GRANTED.
Permission is granted only for this job. Max validity of permit is 8 hours.
Please ensure necessary amendments are made on hot work permit basis Tech
Dept recommendation on welding procedure.
Please advise us on completion of hot work.
Please acknowledge understanding and compliance.
Regards Tec. Man.
3) Please be informed that HOT WORK to repair Steam Line on main deck was
completed
at 14:45 on 27.06.2012. Everything is OK. Steam line has been repaired by
welding.
Best Regards,
Captain
4.5.
.

.
.
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- , ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- : ,
.
156


.
.
.
, , ,
, , , ,
, -,
,
.
,
.

, . :
- ,
( 20.9 % );
-
,
;
- ;
-
, ;
- () :
,
,
, , ;
- , , ;
- ;
- () ;
-
;
- .

157

 5. ,

, ,

, , ,
, , , ,
.
,
,
, 17 IBC.
,
, unsafe act.
PPE, ,
safety shoes.

.
, permit , ,
. , ,
permit, .
.
, .

verbal warning, written warning.

,
.
, .
,

, , .
, .
5.1. .
,

, .
158

 ,
- .

-
. 24
.


,
.
3-5
. .
. ,
. -
.
.
1.
.
.
2. .
.
,

.
3. ,

.
, ,
.

4.
mucous membranes,
.
.

159

 ,
.
,

.

.
, ,
.
, , ,
.
,

, .

.
, ,
- .
, ,
.
.

, .
, .
. 7,
, .
. ,
. . .

.
, .
, .
-
,

, . (..17).
160

 : ,
1 % .
,
, .
.
, ,
.
20.9 % . , 20.9 %
.

161

. 17
: Dont be a fool , use your oxygen meter as your tool.
162

5.2.
C II 73/78
.

(..18) :
, , .
80- ,
.
,
. , ,
,

.
,
,
.

163

. 18

164

, ,
,
.

.

, , .
,
,
,

.
- (
).
.
,

. -
,
,
.
. Annex V MARPOL.
.
, .
, .
5.3.

:
1.
2.
3. .
.
4. (, )
5. , (gaskets)

165

5.4.
.

.

.
, ,
.

, .
.
5.5.
, ,
. ,
, .

IBC :
- - 230
- 23 60 .


.

5.6. ,

:
- , .
- .
- .
5.6.1. , ,
, . .

166

 .
.
5.6.2. .
,

.

:
- .
- .
.

1 /.
,
(, ).
,
,
350 000 (350 ).
- ,
. 30 ,
, .
.
, 50
/ (/).
5.6.3.
.

:
- .
- .
- .
-
.
167


.
,
-
.


.

,
.

:
, ,
,
.
.
,
.
5.6.4. .
,
,
,

.
: .
,
, ,
,
.
,
, .
- .
,
- .
, . ,
( ) ,

168

 . -
. ,
, .
4 :
- .
- .
- .
- .

.
, , .
5.7.


, , :
,
, -, - ,
,

.
:

, ,
, -

, .
-:
1.
emergency escape breathing apparatus.
2. ,
.
: .

.

169

5.8.
.
() (1-3
) ,
.
, , ..
, ,
, .

. ,
, ,
.

.
30-35 /.
-

.

170

 6.


-:
( )
1. .
.

2. ( )
- -

!
3. .
, -.
4.
.

?
( )
1. .
2. .
3. ,
.
4. ,
.
5. I will work hard to become Captain someday.
.
, .
, , full ppe ( ).

.

safety awareness

171

 .
, -
.
, :
- \ .
- , , \
.
- .
- .
6.1. , , .
,

:
(
)
.

.
-
, .
6.2.
,
,
,
. ,
.

.
.
,

172

 ,
.
,
,

/. 60 0

.

, , , ,
. ,
.
6.3.
, .
,
:
1.
2.
3. ,
4.

,
, :
-
- Spool Peace - ( )

-
.
.
, :
- ,
.
- .
- ,
, .
173

6.4 .
.. ,

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,
, , .
(),
, .
,
, ,

, .
:
1. .
2. .
3. .
4.

.
5.
.
1 - 12503
, 2 3000 3.
6.4.1. , .

, .
, , .
- ,
.

174


.
.
:
-2- 2-;
- ;
- ;
- .
, 99.5% .
1168, 3, 200 ,
/3 0.8 0.95, 25%,
- .
.
.
6 . ,

, ( ).
, , 3082, 3,
3.3.
23, 600.
.
( ) -

()

.
.

175

6.5.
7-
, 1,
24 .
150, 150.10 - , 46 CFR,
43
.
, ,
250
. ,
, ,
.

1 22 - reactive groups, 30 43 cargo groups.

1,
, .
1 -

. asphalt - 33.
33 . ,
3 Nitric acid,
II - . 1
43 25-50 .
, I II,
.
:
- , ,
Appendix III
- , ,
Appendix III
.

:
176


.
,
, ,
, .
6.6.


,
, . ,
,
,
.
2S ,
H2S .

,
,
.

, .
: ,
1-8 15% 15%, 99-95% 85 %.
6.7. .
. ,
-, .. .
,
.
,
.
. ,
.

177

,
.

, .
, (benzene, toluene,
xylene), 1%
( LEL) combustible
gas indicator, ,
10 PPM
.
:
- .
- ,
benzene.
-
.
, . 250 .
.
, , 15 ,
, 4 .
, .

. , !
,
,
.
:
- .
- ,
.
,
20.9% .
.
. ,
, .

178

: .

.
,
( ),
:
- , .
-
.
- , ,
, .

179

 7.
.
(..19)

180

181

182

- .

. 19
-
183

-
.
- .
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, :
1)
2) .
:
- , 8% .
- , 5% .
:
- 0% 5% .
20 COW
.
:
- ;
-
();
- % - .

;
- (, , ,
, , .).
:
- (explosimeters)
;
- ;
184

- ,
;
-

( ).
,

,
.
-

.

. -/
, (kit)

.
,
.
gas-free

.
,
.

, 14 ( ).
,
.
, , . .
,
185

 . , ,
.
,
.

, .

. ,
, .
,
( ). .
, :
- M.A.C. = maximum allowed concentration
- M.A.K. = maximum allowed concentration at working place
- T.L.V. = threshold limit value

8 .
7.1.

,
.
7.1.1. .


(). % .

.


-
. %
.

, .
,
186

 .
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. ,
.


.

,
, .
0 100 % .
, , 0
10 % .
- .

,
. ,
.
2 ,

.
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, . ,
, .

,
. .

, , ,
.
.
.
,
, .
187


, .

,
.
% .

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.
,
,
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. ,
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.
.
,
. ,
.
,
.

. ,
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.

, ,
.
,
. ,
, .

188

7.1.2. .
,

.

, ,
.
,
,
,
.
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.
: - . -
.
: - ,
.
: -
.
.
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.
100 .
7.1.3. .

:
-
-
-

189

 .

,
.

190

 8.


.

,
,
.


.
-. , ,
, , , .
8.1.
-
,
.

.
.
40 .
.
: -2 -200 /2, -300 /c2. 40

.
40 .
.
35 /c2
.

.
, ,
, ,
,
:
191

- ;
- , ;
- ;
- .
: .
. :
.
8.2.

,

20- .
:
- ;
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;
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;
- .

, (300 /2)
.
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.
8.3.
.
, .
. .
.
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. ,
2.
192

 .
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.
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.
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.
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.
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sulphide).
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) , .
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, .

,
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1 - 2 ,15 .
3 2 ,5 .
,

.
193

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,
.

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.

.
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.
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.
.
.
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8.4.

, , , .

,

.

.


( 17%).
194


,
, ,
.
,
.

.
,
.

,
.
-40 + 50 .
15 . 5
.
, Parat C (,Drager).
. +70
, 2000 ( 1 ).
600 .
: 12 , -
6 .
. .

.

195

 9.

-
:
.
, .

.
.
Never take chances. .

. , ,
, , ,
(,
, , ,
),

.

.

,
.
,

.
.
,
.

, ,
, .
,
.


ISGOTT, , ,
. ,
196

 ,
,
.

( ), ,

.
( , ,
..)
.
PPE-personal protective equipment.
PPE .
,
,
.
.
MSDS
.
, ?
.
:
Toxic (poisonous) - , harmful - , corrosive , irritant-. (.. 20).
- PPE? ,
, , , ( , , ).
- , ,
. ,

. ,
.
- .
? ,
.

197

. 20
: ,
-?
198

 6-7 , ,
safety, .
, ,
. safety meeting

.
vetting
. MSQ
-.
ISM
. ,
2 . critical equipment ,

, ,
, SART, EPIRB .
,
, ,
, .
,
.

:
)
,
;
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;
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;
) ,
;
) ,
. ,
, ,
,
;

199

) ,
,
.
, ,
, , JP-4 .
,
. -
.
: designated person

.
-:
- , .
-
(),
.
- ,
.
- , , ,
, ,
.
.
- ,
.
- ,
, ,

.
- , ,
, ,
.
-
, .

200

-
.
9.1. ,
-
/;
- transfer operation;
- ;
- ,
;
-
, , ;
-
;
-
;

(
, . An
ILO Code of practice. 2001 .):
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, ,
,
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.
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. ,
.
.
201

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,
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.

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.
,
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.
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, .
. ,
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.
9.2. ,
.
,

202


.

.


- , .
.
, (purging)
, .
9.3.
,
- ,

.


. , ,
.
9.4.
/ ,

, ,,
, ,
.
,
, .
, , ,
, .
.
,
.


.

,
.
203

,

.

.
9.5. /
ISGOTT, II.
9.6.
(EMS Guide)
, ,
(incident-
, accident , ),
,
,
(
IMDG code). : , /.EMS
Guide .Emergency Response Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods.
IMDG code Supplement. 2010 edition.
,
.
, 315. ,
:
- 1993 -150
- 1263
- 1300

204

 10.

MSDS - . ,
,

.
MSDS :
- .
- .
- .
-
.
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
.
1. .
,
.
. 10 .
10 ,
.
,
,
.

- .
.
24
.
205

 10 ,
, , .
,
.
2. .
,
.
.
10 , .
, , 10 .
, 2
4 , .
, morphine sulphate 7.5 mg ( )
.
Stain the eye with fluorescein.
.
,
fluorescein, tetracycline hydrochloride 1% .
2
.
- .
24 ,
.
3. .
,
,
.
.
,
. .
:
- .
- , .
.
5 .
206

 :
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.
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.
, :
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.

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.
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, . ,
, 2 :
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207


, .
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. ,
.
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Health Hazard Data. , ,
. :
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. .
.

.
Dizziness, , drowsiness.
Short Exposure Tolerance Vapor concentration : 3000 ppm is endurable for 306- minutes (single exposure). 7500 ppm is dangerous in 30-60 minutes (single
exposure). 20000 ppm has been fatal in 5-10 minutes.
Exposure procedures vapor remove victim to fresh air. If breathing is
difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing stops , apply artificial respiration. Skin or
eye contact remove contaminated clothing and gently flush affected areas with
water for 15 minutes. Get medical help.

11.
.

.
210


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221

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:
Never allow a surveyor or a lawyer to come onboard or to interview crew
members until he has identified himself and produced appropriate authorization to
satisfy you that he is acting for your owners/manager or your P&I Club
Never allow a surveyor or lawyer acting for the opposing parties onboard,
unless you have authorization from this office to do so.
Never give written material or physical evidence to opposing lawyers or
surveyors. If in doubt, do not give anything to anyone or let anyone examine anything
Never give your personal opinion about who or what was responsible. Keep to
the facts. If in doubt, say nothing.
Never allow any crew members to express opinion
Never admit liability, either verbally or in writing
Never sign a document that you know contains incorrect information. This
include making false entries in log books.
,
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223

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224

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225

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70 ppm

260 ppm
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1000 ppm

10 ppm.

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10 ppm, ,
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13.4.
:
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2.
:
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.
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226

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240

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242

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243

244



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245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

 3.

262

263

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265

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266

The bell has gone - .

Everything will be shipshape .

.
,
, ...,
, ...

1. -78/95 ( , 2010
)
2. IMO MARPOL 73/78
3.
,
ISGOTT 5-th edition.(
(7-)). , , 2007 .
4. , 7 .

, ., , 1985 .
5.Tanker manual, 2002.
6.Tanker^s operating manual. 2005.
7. ,
. , , 2005 .
8.Specialized training for chemical tankers, 2006 edition, model course 1.04 .
267

9.Safety in chemical tanker.

10.International medical guide for ships.
11.Chemical guide for bulk shipment by water. USCG.
12.Specialized training for oil tankers. Model course 1.02 . 2006 edition.
13... .
- - . .,
1955
14. .. . .
, 2 010
15. . .
17 . . 1994 .
INSPECTORATE .
16.Tanker Handbook for deck officers by captain C.Baptist. Glasgo.1993.
17. .1999 .
18.Code of Federal Regulation 46 parts 140 to 155 Shipping.
19.... . .,
, 1962
20. -. . 2001 .
21.Inert Gas and Crude Oil Washing systems/Videotel/2001
22.The Mariners Digest Vol.26 July 2012
23.ODME S-3000 MEPC 108(49) SEIL SERES Co.Ltd. Oil Discharge
Monitoring Equipment. Operation Manual. May 08 2008 24. ..
? ., , 2007
25.GARDA news issue 199 August/October 2010, Norway.
26.ExxonMobil Marine Environmental ,Safety and Quality Assurance Criteria
for seagoing vessels in ExxonMobile affiliate service. 2010 edition.
27. .
. , 2001.

268

269