Христорождественская Л.П. Английский язык. В 2-х частях. Часть II (2009) PDF

У Д К 811.111 (075.
4)
Б Б К 8 1 . 2 Англ
X 93
Содержание
Предисловие 6
Unit 1
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect (1) 8
Unit 2
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect and Past Simple compared 23
Unit 3
T O P I C : Holidays 31
Unit 4
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect Continuous. Present Perfect (2) . . . . 47
Unit 5
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect Continuous
and Present Perfect compared 57
Unit 6
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect, Present Perfect
Христе>рождественская Л . П .
X 93 Английский язык. В 2-х ч. Часть II / Л.П. Христорождествен- Continuous and Past Simple compared 62
ская. — М. : Эксмо, 2009. — 576 с. — (Иностранный язык : шаг Unit 7
за шагом). G R A M M A R : Review of tenses 66
ISBN 978-5-699-21944-5
Unit 8
Перед вами принципиально новый, современный, наиболее полный курс, C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Socializing 72
основанный на проверенном временем комплексном системном подходе к изуче
нию английского языка. Unit 9
Методика коммуникативного обучения, положенная в основу курса, с пер G R A M M A R : Relative clauses 87
вых шагов дает возможность учащимся общаться на английском языке и помогает
получить быстрый результат независимо от уровня подготовки. Данная методика, Unit 10
включающая пошаговую отработку материала, делает процесс создания речевых на
T O P I C : Finding the way
выков легким и доступным, позволяет учащимся с первых же шагов почувствовать
реальные успехи в обучении и, что очень важно, формирует интерес к обучению. C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Gratitude. Arresting someone's attention . . . 98
Автор — известный ученый, методист с большим опытом успешного препода
вания английского языка — предлагает огромный языковой материал, подобранный Unit 11
из современных английских и американских источников, ясные и доходчивые объ
G R A M M A R : Past Perfect. Past Perfect Continuous.
яснения с многочисленными примерами, а также разговорные клише, авторские
модели диалогов и большое количество функциональных упражнений, позволяю
Future Perfect. Future Perfect Continuous 115
щих сделать разговорную речь наиболее эффективной в различных сферах комму Unit 12
никаций.
Книга будет незаменимым помощником для преподавателей учебных заведе G R A M M A R : Reflexive, reciprocal, indefinite pronouns (review). . . 130
ний, курсов, а также студентов и всех, кто изучает язык самостоятельно.
U N I T 13
УДК 811.111 (075.4)
ББК 81.2 Англ G R A M M A R : Modal verbs expressing permission,
requests and offers: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Permission. Requests.
ISBN 978-5-699-21944-5 © ООО «Издательство «Эксмо», 2008
Requests for repetition. Desire. Offers 142
4 Содержание Содержание 5
Unit 14 Unit 29
T O P I C : Meals G R A M M A R : The Participle 379
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Offering things and substances. Preference. . 152
Unit 30
Unit 15 C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Problems and advice
G R A M M A R : Question tags G R A M M A R : The Subjunctive Mood (2).
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Solidarity 171 Wishes. As if/though clauses 388
Unit 16 Unit 31
G R A M M A R : Object clauses. Reported speech (1). T O P I C : Hotel 399
Sequence of tenses 180
Unit 32
Unit 17 G R A M M A R : Modal verbs with Perfect
T O P I C : Cinema and Continuous Infinitive 415
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Suggestions. Opinions. Likes.
Приложения
Dislikes. Preferences
I. Д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й я з ы к о в о й материал к устным темам 425
G R A M M A R : Clauses of purpose. Clauses of result 197
II. Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й с п р а в о ч н и к 436
Unit 18 III. П о у р о ч н ы й словарь 505
G R A M M A R : The Passive Voice 221 IV. К л ю ч и к у п р а ж н е н и я м (Self Check) 535
Unit 19 V. С и с т е м н ы й обзор некоторых в а ж н е й ш и х особенностей
G R A M M A R : Reported speech (2). английской грамматики 556
Immediate and remote past report 231 С п и с о к и с п о л ь з о в а н н о й литературы 573
Unit 20
T O P I C : Theatre
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Invitations. Apologies 244
Unit 21
G R A M M A R : The Infinitive 264
Unit 22
T O P I C : Telephoning 280
Unit 23
G R A M M A R : Reported statements, questions,
c o m m a n d s and emotions 288
Unit 24
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Certainty and uncertainty 314
Unit 25
T O P I C : Travelling by train 322
Unit 26
G R A M M A R : The Subjunctive Mood (1). Conditionals 336
Unit 27
G R A M M A R : The G e r u n d 346
Unit 28
T O P I C : Travelling by air
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Introductions 359
Предисловие 7
с и с т е м а т и з и р о в а н ы н а и б о л е е у п о т р е б и т е л ь н ы е с у ф ф и к с ы и пре
фиксы.
Языковой материал для учебника подобран из современных
Предисловие английских и американских пособий, словарей и справочников,
и з д а н н ы х в п о с л е д н и е годы, ч т о с о з д а е т у с л о в и я д л я о в л а д е н и я
Данная книга является второй частью учебного пособия а у т е н т и ч н о й а н г л о я з ы ч н о й р е ч ь ю . С п и с о к и с п о л ь з о в а н н о й лите
«Английский язык» и предназначена для лиц, продолжающих ратуры представлен в конце к н и г и .
изучение английского языка. Автор
Во второй части пособия завершается изучение основных
г р а м м а т и ч е с к и х я в л е н и й , б ы т о в ы х т е м и о с у щ е с т в л я е т с я систе
матизация наиболее употребительных разговорных формул.
К а к и в п е р в о й , во в т о р о й ч а с т и п о с о б и я о б у ч е н и е с т р о и т с я
на о с н о в е т е к с т о в - о б р а з ц о в д и а л о г и ч е с к о г о и м о н о л о г и ч е с к о г о
характера, моделирующих употребление изучаемого я в л е н и я в
р а з л и ч н ы х с ф е р а х к о м м у н и к а ц и и и в с о в о к у п н о с т и с соответ
ствующим комплексом упражнений обеспечивающих целена
п р а в л е н н у ю а к т и в и з а ц и ю всех я з ы к о в ы х я в л е н и й в с и т у а т и в н о -
контекстной речи.
I I ч а с т ь п о с о б и я с о д е р ж и т т р и т и п а у р о к о в : у р о к и п о презен
т а ц и и и а к т и в и з а ц и и г р а м м а т и ч е с к и х я в л е н и й , т е м а т и ч е с к и ори
ентированные уроки и уроки, систематизирующие разговорные
ф о р м у л ы . Все т р и т и п а у р о к о в о р г а н и ч н о с в я з а н ы м е ж д у с о б о й ,
и у с в о е н и е всех я з ы к о в ы х я в л е н и й п р о х о д и т к о н ц е н т р и ч е с к и , т.е.
одни и те же языковые я в л е н и я (грамматические, лексические,
разговорные штампы) встречаются в различного типа уроках.
Н а к а ж д о м п о с л е д у ю щ е м э т а п е р а б о т ы п р о и с х о д и т «сталкива
н и е » р а н е е и з у ч е н н ы х я в л е н и й с н о в ы м и и п о с т е п е н н о е расши
рение сферы ф у н к ц и о н и р о в а н и я изучаемого я в л е н и я в условиях
реальной коммуникации.
П р о ц е с с о б у ч е н и я п р и р а б о т е с д а н н ы м п о с о б и е м целесоо
бразно строить т а к и м образом, чтобы параллельно шла работа
над определенным грамматическим явлением, соответствующей
этому грамматическому я в л е н и ю устной темой и систематизаци
ей разговорных формул.
II часть пособия завершают следующие Приложения:
Дополнительный языковой материал к устным темам,
Грамматический справочник, Поурочный словарь, Ключи к
у п р а ж н е н и я м д л я р а з д е л а «Self Check*, а т а к ж е с и с т е м н ы й об
з о р н е к о т о р ы х в а ж н е й ш и х о с о б е н н о с т е й а н г л и й с к о й граммати
к и . В п о с л е д н е м с и с т е м а т и з и р о в а н ы п р а в и л а у п о т р е б л е н и я ар
тиклей, д а н ы основные значения употребительных предлогов,
UNIT 1 9
" H a s t h e L o n d o n t r a i n left y e t ? "

" N o , it hasn't."
[У] W h y are t h e police asking t h e ticket collector about t h e m a n in

t h e p h o t o g r a p h ? W h a t are their questions? W h a t are t h e col
Unit 1 lector's answers?
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect (1) С. 1. — So you are back from t o w n .

— Yes, a n d I've brought you a b o o k from t h e library.
— T h a t ' s very nice of you.
Illustrative Situations
2. — A u n t h a s p r o m i s e d to take me to t h e t h e a t r e .
T Study and practise. — Will she be able to afford it, do you t h i n k ?
— I h o p e so.
A. Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key.
W h e n we use t h e P r e s e n t Perfect there is a c o n n e c t i o n with t h e 3. — Will J a n e c o m e t o t h e d a n c e t o n i g h t , d o you t h i n k ?
present: — I d o n ' t t h i n k so.
I've lost the key. (= I haven't got it now.) — W h y not?
Jim has gone to Canada. {- He is in C a n a d a or on his way there.) — Because she h a s n ' t c o m e h o m e yet.
Oh dear! I've forgotten her name. (= I c a n ' t r e m e m b e r it now.)
4. — It's M r s Baker's b i r t h d a y tomorrow.
Have you washed the dishes? (= Are they clean now?)
— I know.
The train hasn't arrived yet. (= T h e t r a i n isn't at t h e station.)
— Have you written to h e r yet?
The train has already arrived. (= T h e t r a i n is at t h e station.)
— N o , I haven't, but I ' m going to.
B. 1. Mr C o l l i n s gave his secretary some letters to type an h o u r
5. — H a s T o m got m a r r i e d ?
ago. He is going h o m e s o o n a n d he wants to sign t h e letters before he
— Yes, he h a s .
leaves. He h a s just picked up t h e p h o n e a n d asked his secretary this
— W h e n did he get m a r r i e d ?
question:
— Last m o n t h .
" H a v e you d o n e those letters y e t ? "
6. — H a s J a n e learnt to drive?
[У| W h e n did Mr C o l l i n s give his secretary t h e letters? W h y d o e s — N o , she h a s n ' t .
he want to sign t h e m now? W h a t h a s he just done? W h a t is his — W h e n is she going to learn?
question? — Next month, I think.
2. A r t h u r ' s secretary h a s just s t o p p e d a n o t h e r secretary in t h e cor 7. — I am worried about Paul. H e ' s failed his e x a m again.
ridor. — I say, he m u s t be either u n l u c k y or ill.
" H a v e you seen M r Tigers?" she w a n t s t o know. — He is n e i t h e r u n l u c k y n o r ill. He is simply lazy.
"Yes, I have. I saw h i m only a m o m e n t ago. H e ' s just gone d o w n — You m a y be right.
t h a t c o r r i d o r . " She might c a t c h h i m if she h u r r i e s .
8. — Have you t h a n k e d David for all his wonderful help?
[У| W h a t h a s A r t h u r ' s secretary just done? W h a t d o e s she w a n t to — N o , I haven't.
know? H a s t h e o t h e r secretary seen A r t h u r ? W h a t h a s h e just — W h y haven't you?
done? — I ' m sorry, but I've b e e n unable to get in t o u c h with h i m .
9. — Have you written to A n n ?

3. T h e police are asking t h e ticket collector about a m a n they t h i n k
— N o , I haven't.
might b e o n t h e L o n d o n t r a i n .
— W h y haven't you?
" H a v e you seen this m a n ? "
— I ' m sorry, b u t I've b e e n awfully busy.
" N o , I haven't. I m e a n , I d o n ' t t h i n k so."
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT 1 11
10
10. — J i m is going to b e c o m e a professional footballer. — W h y is he so long?

— Is he really? — I t h i n k he has gone to t h e movies.
— Yes, he is, t h o u g h he has never played in t h e school t e a m . 2 1 . — W h a t ' s t h e time?
— How extraordinary! — Sorry, I've left my w a t c h at h o m e .
11. — W h a t ' s t h e m a t t e r ? 2 2 . — You k n o w t h e city well. You have b e e n here before, h a v e n ' t
— I've just fallen off my bicycle. you?
— P o o r boy! — Yes, I have.
12. — M i k e H a n s o n h a s j o i n e d a j u n g l e expedition. 23. "Henry!"
— W h a t for? "Yes, d e a r ? "
— To s h o o t a film about a n i m a l s . " I ' m going u p t o bed now. D o n ' t forget t o d o your little j o b s . "
— T h a t ' s very brave of h i m . " N o , dear."
13. — I've found this p e n . Is it yours? H e n r y t u r n e d off t h e television a n d went i n t o t h e kitchen. He fed
— N o , it isn't m i n e . I t h i n k it's Kate's. t h e cat, washed up several dishes, dried t h e m a n d put t h e m away. T h e n
— I d o n ' t t h i n k so, she h a s a g r e e n o n e . he put t h e cat o u t , locked all t h e d o o r s a n d t u r n e d out all t h e lights.
— But she h a s m o r e t h a n o n e p e n . W h e n he got to t h e b e d r o o m , his wife was sitting up in bed reading a
b o o k a n d eating chocolates.
14. — Have you ever b e e n to Scotland? "Well, dear, have you d o n e all your little j o b s ? "
— I've only b e e n there o n c e , but I've often b e e n to Wales.
" I t h i n k so, m y love."
— I've never b e e n to Wales. Is it pleasant there? " H a v e you fed t h e c a t ? "
— O h , very pleasant, but it frequently rains in s u m m e r . "Yes, dear."
15. — You've missed a lot of English classes lately. " H a v e you p u t h i m o u t ? "
— Yes, I ' m afraid so. "Yes, dear."
— I h o p e you'll c o m e to class on Tuesday. " H a v e you washed u p t h e d i s h e s ? "
— I ' m afraid n o t . I'll be going to M o s c o w on Tuesday. "Yes, dear."
" H a v e you put t h e m all away?"
16. — I d o n ' t see my dictionary on t h e table. W h o has t a k e n it?
"Yes, dear."
— It's m e . I have p u t it on t h e shelf.
" H a v e you t u r n e d o u t all t h e lights?"
17. — Have you ever b e e n to St. Petersburg? "Yes, dear."
— Yes, I've b e e n t h e r e several t i m e s . " H a v e you locked t h e front d o o r ? "
— As for me I've never b e e n t h e r e . "Yes, dear."
— Really? You should see it. It's o n e of t h e most beautiful cities " T h e n you c a n c o m e t o b e d . "
I've ever seen. " T h a n k you, dear."
After a little while they h e a r d a gate b a n g i n g d o w n s t a i r s .
18. — Have you read m a n y books this year?
"Henry."
— I w o u l d n ' t say t h a t . Just a couple.
"Yes, dear."
— W h i c h b o o k h a s interested you most?
" I ' m afraid you've forgotten to shut t h e garden gate."
— " H o t e l " by A. Hailey. " O h dear!.."
19. — I ' m afraid I have caught a cold. I am not feeling well.
— Have you called the d o c t o r ? Practice
— Yes, M o t h e r h a s just p h o n e d h i m .
/. Agree with the following utterances. Show the connection of these
2 0 . — I see Peter h a s n ' t r e t u r n e d yet, eh? completed past actions with the present in their result. Use the words and
— N o , he h a s n ' t . word combinations in brackets.
12 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT 1 13
a) — You have washed the dishes, haven't you? (clean) 4. Say that you have already done what you are asked to do.
— Yes, I have. They are clean.
— Don't forget to answer the letters.
b) — M a r y hasn't done the room, has she? (untidy) — I've already answered them.
— N o , she hasn't. It's very untidy.
1. D o n ' t forget to buy t h e tickets. 2. R e m e m b e r to sign t h e papers.
1. You've b r o u g h t t h e C D s , haven't you? (in my bag) 2. You haven't 3. D o n ' t forget to write to Mr S m i t h . 4. D o n ' t forget to wash t h e
h a d d i n n e r yet, have you? ( h u n g r y ) 3. Susan h a s passed h e r e x a m s , dishes. 5. R e m e m b e r to dust t h e bookshelves. 6. D o n ' t forget to fix t h e
h a s n ' t she? (on holiday now) 4. Victor has gone away on business, sink. 7. R e m e m b e r to p h o n e Dr Ray. 8. R e m e m b e r to c o o k t h e pud
h a s n ' t he? (in M o s c o w now) 5. You haven't fixed t h e TV set, have you? ding. 9. D o n ' t forget to post t h e letter. 10. D o n ' t forget to tell Peter
(still, o u t of order) 6. You have t r a n s l a t e d t h e article, haven't you? (on a b o u t t h e m a t c h . 11. R e m e m b e r t o pack o u r t h i n g s . 12. R e m e m b e r t o
t h e desk) 7. You have m a d e d i n n e r , haven't you? (ready) 8. You have clean your shoes. 13. D o n ' t forget to polish t h e m i r r o r s . 14. R e m e m b e r
worked h a r d today, haven't you? (tired). 9. B o b h a s n ' t c o m e h o m e yet, to send t h e parcel. 15. D o n ' t forget to shave.
h a s he? (still, at work) 10. J a n e h a s c a u g h t a cold a h a s n ' t she? (ill)
5. Say that you can't give your opinion on the subject. Follow the
2. Express your disagreement with the following interrogative—nega model.
tive utterances.
— What do you think of the exhibition? (visit)
— You haven't seen Steve today, have you? — I haven't visited it yet.
— Yes, I have. I've just seen him.
1. Do you like t h e M i n s k hotel? (stay) 2. H o w do you like t h e new
1. You haven't laid t h e table, have you? 2. He h a s n ' t found his film? (see) 3. Do you find his sister pretty? (meet) 4. W h a t does she
glasses, h a s he? 3. You haven't written to P a u l , have you? 4. T h e lec t h i n k of t h e opera? (hear) 5. Do you like t h e b o o k ? (read) 6. H o w do
t u r e h a s n ' t b e g u n yet, h a s it? 5. She h a s n ' t sent t h e parcel, h a s she? you find Brest? (visit) 7. D o e s t h e suit fit you? (try on)
6. J o h n h a s n ' t c o m e yet, h a s he? 7. You haven't shut t h e door, have
6. Refuse the offers politely.
you? 8. He h a s n ' t paid t h e bill yet, h a s he? 9. You haven't told Dick,
have you? 10. You haven't m a d e tea, have you? 11. You haven't d o n e a) — Would you like something to eat? (have dinner)
your h o m e w o r k , have you? 12. K i t t y h a s n ' t w o k e n up yet, h a s she? — N o , thank you. I've just had dinner.
13. Bill h a s n ' t p h o n e d you, h a s he? 14. T h e boss h a s n ' t left yet, h a s he?
15. T h e p o s t m a n h a s n ' t b r o u g h t t h e mail yet, h a s he? 16. You haven't 1. Would you like a cigarette? (smoke one) 2. Would you like a
washed my shirt yet, have you? 17. You haven't spoken to t h e boss cake? (eat one) 3. Would you like an orange? (have one) 4. Would you
yet, have you? 18. You haven't b o o k e d t h e tickets, have you? 19. You like a c u p of coffee? ( d r i n k one) 5. Would you like a bottle of red wine?
haven't read t h e article yet, have you? 20. You haven't cut t h e bread (buy one) 6. W o u l d you like to taste my biscuits? (taste one)
yet, have you?
b) - Shall I post the letter?
— N o , you needn't, thank you. I've already (just) posted it.
3. Answer the questions. Do it, as in the example.
1. Shall I w a s h t h e windows? 2. Shall I b o o k a ticket for you?
— H a s Simon sent a postcard to his mother? 3. Shall I buy you some medicine? 4. Shall I t y p e y o u r report? 5. Shall
— Yes, he has sent her a postcard. I translate t h e article? 6. Shall I p h o n e Helen? 7. Shall I repair t h e
1. Have you m a d e a sweater for Peter? 2. Have t h e boys b o u g h t a iron? 8. Shall I dust t h e furniture?
present for me? 3. H a s Roger given a n y m o n e y to you? 4. Have you
7. Answer the questions using the words and word combinations in
lent your cell p h o n e to Susan? 5. Have you m a d e a cake for G e o r g e
brackets.
a n d his wife? 6. Have you s h o w n your a l b u m to Jack? 7. Have you sent
a b i r t h d a y card to J a n e ' s parents? 8. H a s Peter written a letter to you a) — What has become of your bicycle, Peter? (break)
a n d your wife? — Don't you know? I've broken it.
14 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT l 15
1. W h e r e is Alec? (leave for Rome) 2. W h a t has b e c o m e of your Dear Chris,

umbrella? (lose) 3. W h e r e are t h e Browns? (go to L o n d o n ) 4. W h y Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.
h a s n ' t M a r y come? (fall ill) 5. W h e r e is your car? (sell) 6. W h y does
J a n e look so upset? (fail h e r finals) 7. I h e a r your b r o t h e r is in hospital.
1. Charles/go/Brazil
W h a t h a s h a p p e n e d t o h i m ? (break his a r m )
2. Jack a n d Jill/decide to get m a r r i e d
b) — Will Lucy take part in the discussion? (not, return from 3. S u s a n / h a v e a baby
Glasgow) 4. Mike/give up s m o k i n g
— I don't think s o . She hasn't returned from Glasgow yet. 5. G e o r g e / p a s s his driving test
6. M a r y / b e c o m e a student
1. Will M i k e go to t h e pictures with us? (not, do his h o m e w o r k )
2. Will D o n a l d c o m e to t h e p a r t y ? (not, pass his exams) 3. Will S a m 7. My parents/retire
M o r g a n play today? (not, recover) 4. Will t h e boss be leaving soon?
11. Answer the questions using the verbs in brackets.
(not, receive all t h e visitors) 5. Will M a r y j o i n us? (not, finish work)
6. Will Peter be leaving for L o n d o n t o n i g h t ? (not, buy a ticket) — Is it a beautiful painting? (see)
— Yes, it's the most beautiful painting I've ever seen.
8. Complete the situations. Use the verbs given.
1. Is she an interesting person? (meet) 2. Is it a long b o o k ? (read)
Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. (lose)
3. Is it a g o o d opera? (hear) 4. Is t h e article difficult? (translate) 5. Is
He has lost his key.
t h e film funny? (see) 6. Is U n c l e Jack a k i n d m a n ? (know) 7. Is it an
1. Yesterday Bill was playing football. N o w he c a n ' t walk a n d his exciting trip? (have) 8. Is t h e CD expensive? (buy) 9. Is M a r y a tall
leg is in plaster, (break) 2. J a n e was busy c o m p u t i n g some t i m e ago. girl? (meet) 10. Is t h e test hard? (do)
N o w she is free, (finish c o m p u t i n g ) 3. Mr Brown knows m u c h , (read a
lot) 4. K a t e is very happy, (do well in all her exams) 5. T h e girl is cry 12. Ask and answer questions using the words and word combinations
ing, (fall down) 6. T h e s t u d e n t s were doing a test at 5. T h e y are having given.
a break at t h e m o m e n t , (write t h e i r test) 7. I am very tired, (do a lot of
a) you/book the tickets
work about t h e house) 8. Betty is pleased, (swim m u c h today) 9. H a r r y
— Have you booked the tickets?
is p r o u d , ( b e c o m e a student) 10. I d o n ' t r e m e m b e r where Steve lives,
— N o , I haven't but I'm going to.
(forget his address)
1. M a r y / t r a n s l a t e t h e article; 2. they/discuss t h e project; 3. you/ eat
9. Complete the situations. Use so far.
at t h e new I t a l i a n r e s t a u r a n t ; 4. you/pack t h e suitcase; 5. Peter/see t h e
I saw Tom yesterday but I haven't seen him so far today. film; 6. you/begin t h e e x p e r i m e n t ; 7. you/tell M a r y about t h e picnic;
8. N a n c y / t r a n s l a t e t h e text; 9. t h e Wests/sell t h e i r house; 10. D a v i d / d o
1. It r a i n e d a lot last week but ... t h i s week. 2. It snowed a lot
his h o m e w o r k ; 11. J a c k / b u y a car; 12. you/have d i n n e r ; 13. she/speak
last w i n t e r b u t ... t h i s winter. 3. We ate a lot yesterday b u t ... today.
to t h e rector; 14. you/ h e a r "Aida"; 15. D i c k / r e a d t h e article; 16. you/
4. I played t e n n i s a lot last year but ... t h i s year. 5. She worked h a r d
p h o n e Lucy; 17. you/choose a present for Bill; 18. you/send for t h e
last t e r m b u t . . . t h i s t e r m . 6. I w a t c h e d television yesterday evening b u t
... t h i s evening. 7. My favourite football t e a m won a lot of m a t c h e s last d o c t o r ; 19. Harry/get m a r r i e d
season b u t ... t h i s season.
b) Peter/get up/have breakfast
10. You are writing a letter to a friend and giving news about the — H a s Peter got up yet?
people you both know. Use the words and word combinations given to — Yes, he has. He is having breakfast now.
make sentences and put the verb into the correct form. 1. T o m / d o his exercises/play chess; 2. Jill/check t h e tests/ w a t c h TV;
Phil/find a new job 3. Lucy/have d i n n e r / w a s h u p ; 4. Mary/clean t h e flat/compute; 5. J a n e /
Phil has found a new job. write t h e letters/dust t h e c a r p e t ; 6. you/ c o o k supper/lay t h e table
c) John/get up/sleep p e r f o r m a n c e . 5. T h e Wests have sold their house. 6. Roger has won t h e
— H a s John got up yet? race. 7. My p a r e n t s have never b e e n abroad. 8. D i c k h a s n ' t helped m e .
— N o , he hasn't. H e ' s still sleeping. 9. J a n e has decided to b e c o m e an actress. 10. Mr S m i t h has already
1. E m m a / c o o k d i n n e r / m a k e soup; 2. you/give t h e b o o k back to left. 11. J o h n h a s n ' t fixed t h e sink.

Mike/read; 3. Dick/leave for t h e a i r p o r t / p a c k his suitcase; 4. K a t e /
15. Express solidarity.
find her gloves/look for t h e m ; 5. Miss G r e e n / f i n i s h c o m p u t i n g / c o m
p u t e ; 6. t h e boys/return home/play football a) — I have already read this book. And you?
— So have I.
d) you/Warsaw
— Have you ever been to Warsaw? b) — Kate hasn't come yet. And Betsy?
— Yes, I've been there several times, (twice, once) — Neither has Betsy.
( N o , I have never been there.)
1. David h a s caught a lot of fish. A n d Jack? 2. M a r y h a s enjoyed
1. y o u / L o n d o n ; 2. your wife/Brest; 3. your h u s b a n d / P a r i s ; 4. you/
t h e film. A n d Lucy? 3. I haven't h e a r d from Steve yet. A n d you?
I n d i a ; 5. your sister/Georgia; 6. your brother/Siberia; 7. y o u / C h i n a ;
4. A n n h a s never b e e n to S p a i n . A n d Bill? 5. I have already h a d din
8. your b o s s / F r a n c e ; 9. you/Kiev; 10. you/ Glasgow; 11. you/Yalta
ner. A n d you? 6. Victor h a s already w r i t t e n his test. A n d Bob? 7. N i n a
e) you/hear from George/recently h a s n ' t left yet. A n d Helen? 8. J o h n h a s c o m e . A n d Peter?
— Have you heard from George recently?
— Yes, I have. ( N o , I haven't.) 16. Ask and answer questions, as in the example.
1. you/read much/lately; 2. you/eat a n y t h i n g / t o d a y ; 3. you/ have a Jack is driving a car but he's very nervous and not sure what to do.
holiday/this year; 4. you/see/any g o o d films/lately; 5. you/play t e n n i s / You ask: Is this the first time you've driven a car?
recently; 6. you/see/Tom/in t h e past few days; 7. you/work h a r d / t h i s Jack: Yes, I've never driven a car before.
week; 8. you/often/go out/lately; 9. y o u / s w i m / m u c h / r e c e n t l y ; 10. you/
1. Roger is playing t e n n i s . He is not very good a n d d o e s n ' t k n o w
be a b r o a d / t h i s year
t h e rules.
13. Respond to the following suggestions. You ask: Is this t h e first t i m e
Roger: Yes, I've
— Let's book the tickets tomorrow.
— Haven't you booked them yet? 2. Sue is riding a horse. She d o e s n ' t look very confident or com
— N o , I haven't. fortable.
You ask:
1. Let's invite H e l e n to t h e party. 2. Let's write a letter to U n c l e
Sue:
Jack. 3. Let's m a k e supper. 4. Let's h e a r " C a r m e n " . 5. L e t ' s see this
film. 6. Let's send h e r a telegram. 7. Let's wash t h e windows. 8. Let's 3. M a r i a is in E n g l a n d . She's just arrived a n d it's very new for her.
visit t h e art exhibition. You ask:
Maria:
14. Express surprise in response to the following statements.
4. Lucy is m a k i n g a cake. But she is not sure it will be a good cake.
a) — Jack has failed his exam.
You ask:
— H a s he?
Lucy:
b) — Robert hasn't come. 5. M r s S m i t h is on b o a r d a p l a n e flying to C a n a d a . She feels very
— Hasn't he?
nervous about it.
1. T h e y have already finished t h e test. 2. We haven't invited t h e You ask:
Blacks. 3. I have never h e a r d t h i s song before. 4. M a r y h a s enjoyed t h e Mrs Smith:
17. Ask and answer questions. Use the words and word combinations
given. Prompts:
finish your homework; iron your clothes; telephone your friend;
You/invite/the Baxters/the Hunts repair your old cassette recorder
— You've invited the Baxters, haven't you?
— Yes, I have but I haven't invited the Hunts.
21. Use Present Perfect in response to the following utterances.
1. You/phone/Helen/Alice. 2. D i c k / b r i n g / t h e m a p / t h e c o m p a s s .
3. Y o u / b e / L o n d o n / L i v e r p o o l . 4. Y o u / t e l l / E m m a / T o m . 5. M i k e / s e n d / — She must work hard.
t h e letter/the parcel. 6. You/see/the art gallery/the space m u s e u m — She has failed her exam, (or: She has missed a lot of classes.)
18. Respond to the following statements. 1. We are free now. 2. W h y d o n ' t you read t h e article? 3. D o n ' t for
get to p h o n e T o m . 4. Shall I send h i m s o m e money? 5. O p e n t h e door,
— I am going to visit Paul.
please. 6. W h e r e are t h e cups? 7. You m u s t b o o k a ticket in advance.
— So you haven't visited him yet, have you?
8. W h a t a b o u t going to a pub? 9. Do y o u r homework. 10. W h a t has
1. I am going to send h e r a telegram. 2. J a n e is going to c h a n g e h a p p e n e d to Paul? 11. L e t ' s invite M a r y . 12. I ' m not hungry. 13. Victor
h e r flat. 3. I am going to visit H e l e n . 4. I am going to h e a r " C a r m e n " . w o n ' t c o m e . 14. Switch off t h e light in t h e kitchen. 15. A n n is upset.
5. Bill is going to buy a car. 6. I am going to write to Lucy. 16. Shall I wash t h e dishes? 17. Will you please fix t h e sink? 18. W h a t
h a s b e c o m e of your bicycle? 19. K a t e looks happy. 20. Will Steve j o i n
19. Answer the questions about yourself.
us? 21. D i d you enjoy t h e b o o k ? 22. Is Peter a clever m a n ? 23. Do you
1. Have you seen any interesting films lately? 2. W h a t new places have like his new car? 24. You m u s t t e a c h h i m to swim. 25. I c a n ' t afford
you visited this year? 3. How m a n y cigarettes have you smoked today? a rest at t h e seaside t h i s year. 26. I ' m going to post t h e letter on my
4. H o w m u c h money have you spent this week? 5. H o w m a n y holidays way h o m e . 27. Would you like a c u p of tea? 28. Dick is d i s a p p o i n t e d .
have you spent at the seaside over the past six years? 6. Have you read 29. W h a t is t h e film a b o u t ? 30. W h a t a b o u t a g a m e of chess? 31. He
m u c h this month? 7. H o w m a n y questions have you answered so far? knows F r a n c e very well. 32. W h y d o n ' t you buy this C D player?
20. Learn the dialogues and make substitutions.
22. Use the prompts to make similar dialogues.
1. A: Be careful!
B: W h y ? A: I've just been to the new Chinese restaurant.
A: I've just p a i n t e d t h e door. B: Oh! Have you? I've just been to an Indian restaurant.
B: It's all right ... I haven't t o u c h e d it.
A: H a v e n ' t you? W h a t ' s t h a t on your a r m ? Prompts:
a new French car/a G e r m a n car; a book by John Wyndham/ a
Prompts: book by Nevil Shute; a new job in London/a new job in Bristol;
shelf/hand; desk/leg; chair/shoulder; wall/elbow lunch in the new canteen/lunch in the cafe round the corner; the
film at the Odeon/the film at the Plaza; a concert on Radio 2/a
2. A: I'm bored. play on Radio 3
B: Well, do s o m t e t h i n g !
A: W h a t , for example?
B: W a s h your hair. Fluency
A: I've already washed it.
T Study and practise.
B: Brush your shoes!
A: I've already b r u s h e d t h e m . 1. Paul: C a n y o u l e n d me $50?
B: W h y d o n ' t you clean your r o o m ? Bill: Sorry, I c a n ' t . . . I h a v e n ' t b e e n to t h e b a n k today.
A: I've already cleaned it. Paul: Oh dear... I haven't b e e n either, a n d I n e e d some
B: Well, ... perfect your English! money. It's t o o late now... it's four o'clock.
Bill: W h y d o n ' t you ask Peter? Situation 1. You've just come home from work. You ask your daughter
Paul: O h , has he b e e n to t h e b a n k ? whether she has done the work you told her to do when you were leaving
Bill: Yes, he has. He always goes on M o n d a y s . the house.
2. David: Have you travelled a lot, N o r a ? 5. E l m e r Colt is from K a n s a s . H e ' s on a 14-day t o u r of E u r o p e .

Nora: Yes, I've b e e n to 47 different c o u n t r i e s . T h e t o u r s t a r t e d in L o n d o n . At t h e m o m e n t he's in P r a g u e . It's t h e
David: Really! Have you b e e n to C h i n a ? eighth day of t h e tour. H e ' s already b e e n to seven c o u n t r i e s a n d stayed
Nora: Yes, I've visited C h i n a twice. in t h e capital cities. H e ' s never b e e n to E u r o p e before, a n d he's already
David: W h a t about India? seen a lot of new places. H e ' s d o n e a lot of interesting t h i n g s ... a n d
Nora: I've never b e e n to I n d i a . t h e t o u r h a s n ' t finished yet.
| T ] H a s N o r a travelled m u c h ? H o w m a n y c o u n t r i e s has she visited? Mrs Colt: ... E l m e r ? ... Is that you?
H a s she b e e n t o C h i n a ? She h a s b e e n t o I n d i a , t o o , h a s n ' t Elmer: Yes, M o m m a .
she? W h a t c o u n t r i e s have you visited? Have you ever b e e n to Mrs Colt: W h e r e are you now, E l m e r ?
M a d r i d ? Have you seen Paris?
Elmer: I've just arrived in Prague, M o m m a .
Mrs Colt: You haven't sent me any p o s t c a r d s yet.
3. Father: Your m o t h e r h a s told m e t h a t you've given u p your
job. You d o n ' t w a n t t o work any m o r e . W h a t are your Elmer: Yes, I have... I've sent o n e from every city.
plans? Mrs Colt: Have you b e e n to Paris yet, E l m e r ?
John: Yes, t h a t ' s right. I've d e c i d e d to drive a c a m p i n g Elmer: Yes, I have.
b u s across E u r o p e a n d t h e M i d d l e East t o I n d i a . It's Mrs Colt: Have you b e e n to V i e n n a yet?
s o m e t h i n g I've always w a n t e d to do. I've saved e n o u g h Elmer: N o , I haven't. We are going to V i e n n a tomorrow.
m o n e y a n d I'm going to do it. Mrs Colt: E l m e r ! Are you still there?
Father: I've talked to y o u r m o t h e r a n d she's very u n h a p p y Elmer: Yes, M o m m a .
about w h a t you're doing. Please t h i n k again. Mrs Colt: H o w m a n y c o u n t r i e s have you seen now, E l m e r ?
John: I've t h o u g h t about it carefully a n d it's my decision. Elmer: Well, t h i s is t h e eighth day, so I've already seen eight
countries.
4. Jill: Hello, Steve. I'm h o m e . It's r a t h e r cold in here.
Mrs Colt: Have you spent m u c h money, E l m e r ?
Steve: I've t u r n e d t h e h e a t i n g o n . It's getting w a r m now. I've
b e e n very busy, so I ' m not cold. I've washed all t h e Elmer: Yes, M o m m a . I've b o u g h t a lot of souvenirs... a n d
windows. I've cleaned t h e flat a n d I've answered four I w a n t to buy some m o r e . C a n you send me a thou
letters. I've also cleared a lot of papers off my desk, so sand dollars?
it looks nice a n d tidy now. I feel exhausted. Mrs Colt: All right, Elmer. ... Elmer, are you listening to me?
Jill: A n d have you washed t h e dishes? Elmer: Yes, M o m m a .
Steve: I've already washed a n d dried t h e dishes. A n d I've Mrs Colt: Have you t a k e n m a n y p h o t o g r a p h s , E l m e r ?
just m a d e a p o t of tea. C o m e a n d have a cup. Elmer: Yes, M o m m a , I've t a k e n a lot. I've used t h r e e rolls
Jill: Wonderful! Have you p a i n t e d t h e kitchen d o o r ? of film.
Steve: N o , I haven't started with t h e d o o r yet. Mrs Colt: Have you met any nice girls yet, E l m e r ?
Jill: You've worked really h a r d , Steve. Congratulations! Elmer: O h , yes. M o m m a . . . there's a girl from Texas on t h e
O h , Steve... I've invited P a m a n d Jeff for d i n n e r . T h e y tour. We've d o n e everything together.
are c o m i n g tonight and... Have you cooked d i n n e r ? Mrs Colt: E l m e r ! E l m e r ! Are you still t h e r e , E l m e r ?
Steve: N o , I haven't.
Jill: O h , good! Your curries are so good, they are b e t t e r Situation 2. Imagine you are on a tour of Europe. It's the tenth day
than mine. of your tour and you are phoning your friend from Paris.
22 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II
Self Check
1. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
1. At last I (do) my homework. I c a n go for a walk now. 2. T h e

delegation already (arrive) but we (not, speak) with its m e m b e r s yet. Unit 2
3. Last m o n t h I (read) two interesting b o o k s but I (not, read) a n y t h i n g
so far t h i s m o n t h . 4. "You (make) any spelling mistakes in your t e s t ? " G R A M M A R : Present Perfect and Past Simple compared
" N o , I (not, make) a n y m i s t a k e s . " 5. " W h e r e is J a n e ? " " S h e (go) to
t h e shops. She'll be back s o o n . " 6. "You ever (be) to t h e U S A ? " "Yes,
I (be) to N e w York several t i m e s . " 7. Hello! I've just (be) to t h e shops.
L o o k ! I (buy) lots of t h i n g s . 8. We (not, see) J o h n this m o r n i n g but T Study and practise.
we (see) h i m a couple of days ago. 9. H a r r y is ill. He (have) an ac
We use P r e s e n t Perfect (I have done) to give new i n f o r m a t i o n or to
cident. He (break) his leg. 10. " Y o u (finish) c o m p u t i n g ? " " N o t yet.
In fact I just (begin)." 11. " H o w m a n y cassettes you ( b r i n g ) ? " " F i v e . " a n n o u n c e a r e c e n t h a p p e n i n g . But if we c o n t i n u e to t a l k a b o u t it we
12. "You ever (find) a n y t h i n g valuable?" " N o , I ... ." 13. " M r West n o r m a l l y use t h e Past Simple (I did):
(sell) his h o u s e y e t ? " "Yes, he ... . He (sell) it last week." " H e (move) 1. — O h ! I've b u r n t myself.
t o his new h o u s e y e t ? " " N o , not yet." — H o w did you do t h a t ?
— I t o u c h e d a hot dish.
2. Translate into English.
2. — I've b o u g h t a very good r a i n c o a t .
1. Вы к о г д а - л и б о и г р а л и в ш а х м а т ы с В и к т о р о м ? Он х о р о ш о
и г р а е т ? — Не з н а ю . Я н и к о г д а с н и м не и г р а л . 2. К а к п о ж и в а е т — W h e r e did you buy it?
А н я ? Я ее не в и ж у в п о с л е д н е е в р е м я . — С п а с и б о , х о р о ш о . — — In o n e of t h e small shops in Regent Street.
А к а к в а ш с ы н ? О н уже о к о н ч и л ш к о л у ? — Д а , о н уже студент. — H o w m u c h did it cost?
3. Я д о л ж н а у п а к о в а т ь ч е м о д а н . — Не б е с п о к о й с я , я его уже — £ 50.
у п а к о в а л . 4 . М о е м у п л е м я н н и к у т о л ь к о п я т ь лет, н о о н уже
Do n o t use Present Perfect (I have done) w h e n you are t a l k i n g
н а у ч и л с я х о р о ш о ч и т а т ь . 5. Вы к о г д а - л и б о б ы в а л и в А н г л и и ? —
about a finished t i m e in t h e past (for example: yesterday, two years
Д а , я б ы л т а м д в а года н а з а д . 6. Ч т о с л у ч и л о с ь ? — Я р а з б и л а
ago, in 1999, when I was a child, etc.). Use a past tense:
свою л ю б и м у ю чашку. 7. Мы к у п и л и н о в ы й телевизор. М н е он
Tom lost his key yesterday.
очень нравится. 8. Н и н а очень расстроена. О н а не сдала экзамен.
I translated the article on Friday.
9. Н и к п р и д е т на в е ч е р и н к у ? — Нет, он уехал в к о м а н д и р о в к у .
I last saw him in 2005.
10. Будем с м о т р е т ь с е г о д н я в е ч е р о м т е л е в и з о р ? — Я его е щ е не
п о ч и н и л . 11. В ы уже п о д п и с а л и д о к у м е н т ы ? — Д а , в ы м о ж е т е и х U s e a past tense to ask w h e n s o m e t h i n g h a p p e n e d :
забрать. What time (when) did he arrive?
Compare:
I've smoked 20 cigarettes today, (it is still today)
I smoked 20 cigarettes yesterday, (the event is past)
3. Julia has just c o m e to work. She is late again. She is asking one
of t h e colleagues about her boss. He often c o m e s in late, t o o .
" H a s t h e boss c o m e y e t ? "
"Yes, he has. H e ' s in t h e office now."
" W h e n did h e c o m e ? "
" H e c a m e very early. He noticed you weren't here."
[У| W h a t has Julia just done? H a s h e r boss c o m e yet? W h a t did he (to) t h e suitcase, (some m i n u t e s ago) 6. W h y d o n ' t you speak to t h e
notice? D i d he c o m e early or late? boss? (the day before yesterday) 7. W h a t about seeing " P i r a t e s of t h e
C a r i b b e a n " ? (on Tuesday) 8. You should build a garage, (last year)
4. — Have you ever studied a language before?
9. W h y d o n ' t you p h o n e Peter? (in t h e afternoon) 10. Tell D i c k about
— Yes, I have.
t h e expedition, (last Friday) 11. W h y d o n ' t you invite t h e Browns? (yes
— O h , w h i c h o n e did you study?
terday) 12. You must repair t h e TV set. (yesterday m o r n i n g ) 13. You
— I studied F r e n c h at school.
should b o o k t h e tickets in advance, (last Saturday) 14. Give her your
5. — Have you ever b e e n to a wedding? CD player for a few days, (yesterday)
— Yes, I have.
— W h o s e w e d d i n g was it? 2. Say "when".
— It was my b r o t h e r ' s .
Henry has fallen ill.
6. — Have you ever e a t e n at t h e Royal Hotel? He fell ill on Tuesday.
— Yes, I have.
— W h e n did you eat there? 1. T h e y have begun the experiment. 2. I've found my ticket. 3. He has
— M a r y a n d I ate t h e r e two m o n t h s ago. finished the work. 4. T h e y have r u n g h i m up. 5 . 1 have written the letter.
6. He has passed his exam. 7. She h a s paid for t h e furniture. 8. T h e y
7. — Have you ever broken a bone? have bought a boat. 9. T h e y have seen the m u s e u m . 10. T h e porter has
— Yes, I have. already brought o u r suitcases. 11. I've lost my umbrella again. 12. T h e y
— W h a t did you break?
have c h a n g e d their flat. 13. She has broken her watch. 14. T h e y have got
— I broke my leg.
m a r r i e d . 15. I've already h a d dinner. 16. T h e delegation has already ar
8. — Have you ever h a d flue? rived. 17. T h e t r a i n has left. 18. Victor has gone to Moscow on business.
— Yes, I have. 19. I've already s w u m in the sea today. 20. Kitty has already woken up.
— W h e n did you have it? 21. I have sold my garage. 22. I have told Jack about t h e picnic.
— I h a d it last winter.
9. — Have you seen a n y films lately? brackets.
— Yes, I've seen " T h e M a t r i x " .
— W h e n did you see it? — H a s he seen Ann? (yesterday)
— Last week. — Yes, he saw her yesterday.
10. — Have you sold your car? 1. Have you sold your car? (last m o n t h ) 2. Have you spoken to
— Yes, I have. Jack? (on F r i d a y m o r n i n g ) 3. Have you w r i t t e n to M a r y ? (the day
— W h y did you sell it? before yesterday) 4. Have you t h r o w n t h e letter away? (some m i n u t e s
— I'd like to buy a Jaguar. ago) 5. Have you b u r n t t h e d o c u m e n t s ? (three h o u r s ago) 6. Have you
found your keys? (this m o r n i n g ) 7. H a s your h u s b a n d ever forgotten
Practice your b i r t h d a y ? (last year) 8. Have you r u n g Tom? (yesterday afternoon)
9. H a s Jack ever b e e n to Italy? (in 2003) 10. Have you h e a r d t h e news?
1. Respond to the following utterances using Present Perfect and Past (yesterday) 11. H a s she b e g u n work yet? (at 10 o'clock) 12. Have you
Simple. e a t e n t h e cake? (in t h e m o r n i n g )
— Why don't you buy this dictionary? (yesterday)

4. Ask your friend whether he has done certain things and when he did
— I've already bought it. I bought it yesterday.
them. Use the word combinations given.
1. W h y d o n ' t you send h e r a telegram? (this m o r n i n g ) 2. Will you
buy a house
m a k e tea, please? (a few m i n u t e s ago) 3. Do your homework, (before
— Have you bought a house?
supper) 4. You should read the book, (in s u m m e r ) 5. P u t t h e towel in
— Yes, I have.
— When did you buy it? d) H o w long/there

— Two months ago. e) a lot of English
f) prices very high
1. pay the bill; 2. send for t h e d o c t o r ; 3. see " G o n e with the Wind";
4. b o o k a ticket; 5. read " W a r a n d P e a c e " ; 6. have d i n n e r ; 7. receive 3) A r t h u r D o c k e r has a different c a r every year. He h a s a Rolls
t h e d o c u m e n t s ; 8. translate t h e article; 9. do o n e ' s h o m e w o r k ; 10. rest Royce t h i s year. Ask questions with these words:
in t h e C r i m e a ; 11. h e a r "Aida"; 12. c h o o s e a present; 13. write t h e test a) ever/a M e r c e d e s
paper; 14. sell o n e ' s t e n t b) W h e n
c) a good c a r
5. Study the model conversations. Then make up conversations of your
d) fast
own on the same model. Ask WHEN and other questions like the following.
e) expensive
1. Patricia Riley is an Irish girl. She is t r y i n g to get a j o b as a sec f) H o w long
retary. At interviews people ask her questions like these:
6. Answer the questions about yourself.
" H a v e you ever d o n e t h i s sort of work before?"
" W h e r e did you work last?" 1. Have you ever b e e n to Kiev? W h e n were you there? D i d you
" H o w long did you work t h e r e ? " go t h e r e on business or for pleasure? H o w long did you stay there?
2. Have you ever travelled by sea? W h e n was it? D i d you enjoy your
2. — Have you ever been to Paris?
voyage? Have you ever travelled by air? W h e n did you last travel by air?
— Yes, I have.
Did you feel airsick? 3. Have you seen your friend t h i s m o n t h ? W h e n
— W h e n were you there?
did you see h i m (her)? D i d you spend m u c h t i m e together? 4. W h e n
— Last spring.
did you go to t h e c i n e m a last? Was t h e film interesting? Have you
— W h a t did you t h i n k of it?
seen m a n y films t h i s m o n t h ? Have you b e e n t o t h e t h e a t r e t h i s week?
— It was very beautiful.
5. Have you ever l e a r n e d F r e n c h ? W h a t language did you l e a r n at
3. R i c h a r d never believes what t h e critics say about a film. He al school? D i d you study G e r m a n at t h e Institute? 6. W h e n did you c o m e
ways asks his friends instead. He w a n t s to k n o w if t h e new T a r a n t i n o to work today? You were on t i m e , weren't you? Have you ever b e e n late
film is any good. He is t a l k i n g to a friend now. H i s first question is: for work? W h e n was it?
" H a v e you seen t h e new T a r a n t i n o f i l m ? "
T h e answer is: "Yes, I have."
Fluency
R i c h a r d t h e n asks different questions like: W h e n did you see it?
W h e r e did you see it? Was it good? Study and practise.
Variations 1. George: Hello, K e n .

1) You never believe w h a t travel b r o c h u r e s say. You want to know Ken: Hello, G e o r g e .
about Moscow. P e r h a p s your friends know. W h a t do you ask your George: Have you just b e e n t o t h e c i n e m a ?
friends first? Ask W H E N ? Ask: very cold? a n y o t h e r tourists? t h e bal Ken: Yes, I have.
let? by t r a i n or by plane? George: W h a t ' s on?
Ken: "Paris in the Spring".
2) You want to go to a language school in B o u r n e m o u t h , E n g l a n d .
George: O h , I've already seen it. I saw it on a B B C television
You want to know about t h e town, t h e weather, etc. You have a friend
p r o g r a m m e last year. It's an old film, but it's very
w h o h a s travelled a lot. Ask questions with these words:
good.
a) e v e r / B o u r n e m o u t h Ken: Paris is a beautiful city.
b) W h e n George: I have never b e e n t h e r e . Have you ever b e e n t h e r e ,
c) weather/like Ken?
Ken: Yes, I have. I was t h e r e in April. 3. O n e of D e b o r a h ' s friends is asking her about all t h e holidays she
George: Paris in t h e spring, eh? has h a d a n d all t h e places she has b e e n t o .
Ken: It was spring but t h e w e a t h e r was awful. It r a i n e d all " H a v e you ever b e e n t o R o m e ? "
the t i m e . "Yes, I have. I was t h e r e in 1999."
George: Just like d e a r old L o n d o n ! " H a v e you ever b e e n t o M e x i c o City o r t o R i o ? "
"Yes, I've b e e n to all those places."
Ask questions with these words: " O h ? W h e n were you in M e x i c o City ... a n d w h e n were you in
a) K e n / c i n e m a Rio?"
b) W h a t / s e e
Make similar dialogues.
c) G e o r g e / " P a r i s in t h e S p r i n g "
d) W h e n
e) W h a t / t h i n k of t h e film Self Check
0 George/Paris
/. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
g) K e n / P a r i s
h) t h e weather 1. You (hear) about Bob? He (break) his leg. — Really? H o w t h a t
( h a p p e n ) ? 2. I just ( r e t u r n ) from Yalta. — You (go) t h e r e alone? —
Situation 1. You suggest to your friend going to the movies, but he has Together with my son. — H o w long you (stay) there? — T h r e e weeks.
already seen the film you suggest. You ask him some questions about the 3. Your h a i r looks different. You (have) a haircut? — Yes. — You (cut)
film. it yourself? — N o , A n n (cut) it for m e . 4. L o o k ! S o m e b o d y (spill)
2. Peggy: Hello, J o h n . C o m e in. milk on t h e c a r p e t . — Well, it (not, be) m e . — I w o n d e r w h o it (be)
Tom: Hello, J o h n . We're having l u n c h . Do you want to have t h e n . 5. You (see) t h e film on television last night? 6. My bicycle isn't
l u n c h with us? here a n y m o r e . S o m e b o d y (take) it. 7. I (not, eat) a n y t h i n g yesterday
John: N o , t h a n k you, T o m . I've already h a d l u n c h . I h a d b e c a u s e I (not, feel) hungry. 8. W h y J i m (not, want) to play t e n n i s last
l u n c h at half past twelve. Friday? — He (be) busy on Friday. 9. Hello, Susan. Is A l a n here? —
Peggy: Have a c u p of coffee t h e n . N o , I ' m afraid he (go) out. — W h a t a pity! W h e n exactly he (go)
out? — About t e n m i n u t e s ago. 10. You (see) " W a r a n d P e a c e " yet? —
John: I've already h a d a c u p , t h a n k you. I h a d o n e after my
Yes, I . . . . I (see) it last week. — W h a t you ( t h i n k ) of it? — I (not,
lunch.
like) it very m u c h . 11. I (go) to a new I n d i a n r e s t a u r a n t last night with
Tom: Let's go i n t o t h e living r o o m , Peggy. We c a n have o u r
Mary. — To t h a t new place in M a r c h m o u n t Street? — Yes. You ever
coffee t h e r e .
(be) there? — N o , b u t Barbara already (be) t h e r e . She (love) it. She
Peggy: Excuse t h e mess, J o h n . T h i s r o o m ' s very untidy. We're
says she never (eat) such delicious I n d i a n food. W h a t you (order)? —
p a c k i n g o u r suitcases. We're going to leave t o m o r r o w .
I (have) a p r a w n c u r r y a n d M a r y (try) a T a n d o r i chicken. T h e y (be)
T o m a n d I are going to have a holiday.
b o t h fantastic. 12. I never (be) to C a m b r i d g e . — O h , I (go) there last
John: A r e n ' t you lucky!
s u m m e r . I (do) a language course there. — You ever (be) to Oxford? —
Tom: W h e n are you going to have a holiday, J o h n ?
N o , but a friend of m i n e (stay) t h e r e for a m o n t h two years ago. He
John: I d o n ' t know. I've already h a d my holiday t h i s year.
(enjoy) it very m u c h .
Peggy: W h e r e did you go?
John: I stayed at h o m e ! 2. Use Present Perfect or Present Simple in the following clauses of
time referring to the future.
Situation 2. Your friend is in Moscow on business. He's staying at a
hotel. You are free today and can take him sightseeing. But it turns out 1. All right. I'll c o m e d o w n w h e n I (put) on a fresh collar. 2. W h e n
that your friend has already seen most of the sights you wanted to show he (be) off d u t y he'll go t h e r e . 3. "I m u s t k n o w where they are a n d
him. I shall n o t rest till I (see) t h e m again," he t h o u g h t . 4. " N o m o r e , " she
said to t h e dog, " b u t w h e n I (finish) you may have t h e b o n e . " 5. Go

on with your picture. We'll have a look at it w h e n we (return) from the
party. 6. " I ' l l h a n d t h e b o o k over w h e n I (read) it," he said. 7. " H a s
he g o n e ? " she asked as s o o n as her sister e n t e r e d . " N o . He refuses to
go till he (see) you." 8. I will not leave you till we (talk) t h i s t h i n g out. Unit 3
9. N o b o d y knows where we are. We may stay here till we (die). 10. You
w o n ' t t h i n k so when you (see) a bit m o r e of it. 11. I'll lock t h e d o o r T O P I C : Holidays
w h e n you (go). 12. W h e n I (wake) I'll go for a swim. 13. I know t h a t
w h e n she (refuse) to help h i m he'll m a k e some scene. 14. I'll c o m e
Illustrative Text
w h e n my guests (go). 15. Please d o n ' t start w a t c h i n g TV till we (have)
supper. 16. You'll find it lonely here after t h e s u n (set). 17. Look, call Summer Holidays in England
h i m up again w h e n he (finish) eating. 18. "You'll find," said T o m ,
" t h a t you'll miss h o m e w h e n you (leave) it." 19. I'll keep it with me till Dear Mario,
we (decide) what is to be d o n e w i t h it. 20. " I ' l l give you some p a p e r I was very glad to have a letter from you a n d to know t h a t you a n d
a n d brushes a n d let you m a k e a p i c t u r e w h e n we (ask) your m o t h e r , " your wife are keeping well a n d busy. I ' m glad, t o o , t h a t you are b o t h
she said to t h e girl. c o m i n g t o E n g l a n d again t h i s s u m m e r .
You say you w a n t a different k i n d of holiday t h i s year. P e r h a p s
w h e n you were here last year, I t o o k you to see t o o m a n y historic
1. Я н и к о г д а не б ы в а л в К и т а е , но я б ы л в Я п о н и и . Э т о б ы л о buildings a n d places. You saw most of t h e places t h a t t o u r i s t s usually
т р и года н а з а д . 2. Где м о й у ч е б н и к ? Я т о л ь к о ч т о о с т а в и л его see. So t h i s year you want a rest from sightseeing. You d o n ' t want
здесь. З д е с ь к т о - н и б у д ь б ы л ? 3 . К а т я у ш л а в к и н о д в а ч а с а н а з а д to c o m e as tourists. You want t h e k i n d of holiday t h a t middle-class
и е щ е не в е р н у л а с ь . 4. В и к т о р уже п о ч и н и л т е л е в и з о р ? — Н е т е щ е . English p e o p l e usually have, not t o o expensive, of course. You w a n t to
5. Ты з а к а з а л а б и л е т ы ? — Н е т е щ е . — П о ч е м у ты не с д е л а л а э т о г о m e e t E n g l i s h people w h o are on holiday a n d to have plenty of c h a n c e s
вчера? — Я с о в е р ш е н н о з а б ы л а об э т о м . 6. Вы к о г д а - л и б о б ы в а л и to m a k e friends with t h e m .
в Б о л ь ш о м театре? — Д а . — Ч т о вы с м о т р е л и ? — « Л е б е д и н о е I d o n ' t like crowds when I ' m on holiday. I r e m e m b e r t h a t w h e n
озеро». — Вам п о н р а в и л с я балет? — Д а , м у з ы к а п р е к р а с н а я , I was a small boy we — my brothers a n d sisters a n d I — always tried to
а к т е р ы т а н ц е в а л и в е л и к о л е п н о . 7. Я п о й д у д о м о й п о с л е т о г о , к а к get away from o t h e r people. We always h a d o u r holidays on t h e coast.
я з а к о н ч у работу. 8. О н а будет о б е д а т ь п о с л е т о г о , к а к р а с п а к у е т Sea a n d s u n s h i n e , t h a t ' s what we looked forward to every s u m m e r .
свои в е щ и . 9. Я п р о т е л е г р а ф и р у ю , к а к т о л ь к о п р и е д у в Одессу. We always went to a small fishing village on t h e D e v o n coast. A n d if,
10. Я п о й д у д о м о й т о л ь к о п о с л е того, к а к т е п л о х о д с к р о е т с я из w h e n we got to t h e place where we u s u a l l y b a t h e d , t h e r e were o t h e r
виду. 11. О н а з а п е р л а с ь и не с о й д е т в н и з , п о к а о н и не уйдут. people t h e r e , we s t o p p e d a n d said, " O h , we c a n ' t b a t h e here today!
12. Я с к а ж у ему, ч т о б ы он в е р н у л к л ю ч , когда о с м о т р и т д о м . S o m e b o d y ' s got here before u s ! " Today p e o p l e seem to like crowds.
You say you wish to m e e t a n d make friends with as m a n y p e o p l e as
possible, so I w o n ' t suggest a quiet fishing village.
Hotels in t h e large seaside towns on t h e south coast are expensive.
You say you want to c o m e here in July or August. T h o s e are t h e two
m o n t h s w h e n hotel rates are t h e highest.
You'd s o o n m a k e friends at a hotel, b u t if you want to m e e t lots of
English people, you m i g h t like to go to a holiday c a m p . T h a t d o e s n ' t
m e a n sleeping a n d eating in tents. H o l i d a y c a m p s in E n g l a n d are per
m a n e n t buildings with every m o d e m c o n v e n i e n c e a n d comfort. T h e r e
are w o o d e n cabins with good beds, electric light, r u n n i n g hot a n d cold
water. T h e r e are large buildings — a d i n i n g hall, a large hall for d a n c -
ing (and good d a n c e bands), a c i n e m a , a t h e a t r e , a bar, a cafe', r o o m s Special Difficulties

for g a m e s such as billiards. In fact t h e r e is, in t h e c a m p , everything
you want. T h e c a m p usually h a s its own s w i m m i n g pool a n d t e n n i s 3. Match column A to column B, then ask and answer questions, as
in the example.
courts.
T h e r e are usually lots of c h i l d r e n in holiday c a m p s . T h e r e are SA: Tell someone where you are travelling to.
nurses to look after small c h i l d r e n , so t h a t t h e p a r e n t s c a n be free to SB: Why?
a m u s e themselves. T h a t ' s o n e reason why holiday c a m p s are p o p u l a r SA: They might need to contact you.
with m a r r i e d couples w h o have very y o u n g c h i l d r e n . T h e y not only get
a holiday from work, but also a holiday from t h e c h i l d r e n . When you travel abroad
H e r e ' s a n o t h e r suggestion — a walking holiday. W a l k i n g holidays A. B.
are m u c h c h e a p e r t h a n t h e kind of holidays I've b e e n telling you about. 1) Tell someone where you a) You could have trouble finding
You k n o w s o m e t h i n g about t h e Youth Hostels Association, I ' m sure. are travelling to. a place to stay.
It's i n t e r n a t i o n a l . T h e r e are hostels all over E n g l a n d now where you 2) Have some of the local b) Someone might steal them or
c a n get a bed a n d a c h e a p m e a l . M e m b e r s of t h e Association c a n even currency with you. you might lose them.
take their own food to t h e hostels a n d c o o k it in t h e kitchen. T h e y 3) Reserve a hotel room be- c) You might have to prove your
fore you leave. identity.
have to help by sweeping a n d cleaning t h e r o o m s , or w a s h i n g up af
4) Don't take any valuables d) They might need to contact
ter meals. But t h a t ' s not a h a r d s h i p , is it? A walking holiday d e p e n d s
with you. you.
for enjoyment u p o n t h e weather, of course. I c a n ' t p r o m i s e you good
5) Always carry your pass- e) You might not find banks open
weather! port with you. when you arrive.
T h a n k you for your very kind invitation to visit you a n d stay with
you. I ' m sorry I c a n ' t a c c e p t it this year; we've already m a d e o u r plans. 4. Report the following suggestions.
But next year, p e r h a p s , if it's convenient to you t h e n .
A (Paul): Shall we start on Friday?
Please write a n d let me k n o w if there's a n y t h i n g else you'd like to
B: Paul suggests starting on Friday.
know. I ' m always glad to help you.
My wife j o i n s me in best wishes to you b o t h . 1. Shall we play tennis? 2. Let's rebuild t h e garage. 3. Shall we
Yours sincerely, hitch-hike? 4. W h y not d r i n k t h e local wine? 5. Let's go for a walk.
John Grant 6. L e t ' s t a k e the dogs out. 7. W h y d o n ' t we bring guitars a n d m a k e o u r
o w n music? 8. Let's climb t h e m o u n t a i n . 9. W h y d o n ' t we c o o k over
an o p e n fire? 10. Shall we eat in restaurants? 11. Let's carry t h e boxes
Comprehension upstairs. 12. Let's go on a m o t o r tour. 13. Shall we sleep in Youth
Hostels? 14. Let's spend t h e day on t h e b e a c h . 15. Shall we find out
1. Listen to the text "Summer Holidays in England" and answer the
about p o p festivals? 16. Let's pick apples. 17. Shall we move t h e piano?
questions.
18. Let's swim across t h e river.
W h e r e are M a r i o a n d his wife going to spend t h e i r holidays? W h e r e
did they spend their holidays last year? W h a t kind of holidays did they 5. Make dialogues using the verb suggest + gerund.
have? W h a t k i n d of holiday would they like t h i s year? W h a t is J o h n ' s — Why didn't you go to his flat?
idea of a good holiday? W h a t are holiday c a m p s in E n g l a n d like? W h y — Well, Ann suggested going to his flat but I didn't think it was
are they convenient for people with children? W h a t services does t h e necessary.
Youth Hostels Association provide?
Why didn't you ...?
2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer 1. record this conversation; 2. look at his passport; 3. consult a
cises in the next section to remember them. lawyer; 4. discuss it with me; 5. wait a few weeks; 6. check his figures;
2 Английский язык. Часть 2
34 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II U N I T 3 35
7. read t h e small p r i n t ; 8. find out about his previous work; 9. m a k e y o u r u n i v e r s i t y c o u r s e ; 11. s t a r t y o u r t r a i n i n g ; 12. g o o u t w i t h o u t a n
s o m e enquiries about h i m ; 10. t a k e his p h o t o g r a p h ; 11. follow h i m u m b r e l l a ; 13. o p e n a l a n g u a g e s c h o o l ; 14. w r i t e a b o o k a b o u t y o u r
h o m e ; 12. b o r r o w a t e n t ; 13. see t h e m a n a g e r ; 14. tell your p a r e n t s ; experiences
15. p h o n e Bill
b) A: He wanted to go but I said " N o " .
6. Respond to the following using the verb offer. B: But why didn't you let him go?
A: Peter paid for me. He wanted to ... but I said "No".

B: He offered to pay for me too, but I refused. 1. stop; 2. help; 3. pay; 4. h i t c h - h i k e ; 5. tell t h e t r u t h ; 6. leave early;
7. drive h o m e ; 8. bring his p a s s p o r t ; 9. decide for himself; 10. sail
Peter... r o u n d t h e island; 11. j o i n t h e club
1. p a i n t e d my d o o r ; 2. waited for m e ; 3. lent me $5; 4. found me
a job; 5. got me a seat; 6. showed me t h e way; 7. w a s h e d my car; Alan is planning an uncomfortable expedition. Bill isn't enthusiastic.
8. h e l p e d m e ; 9. c a r r i e d my luggage; 10. saw me off; 11. m e t my t r a i n ;
c) A: We'll have to walk twenty miles a day.
12. t u n e d my guitar; 13. drove me h o m e ; 14. looked after my dog;
B: Well, I won't come if it means walking twenty miles a day.
15. t r a n s l a t e d my essay; 16. dug my garden; 17. repaired my w a s h i n g
m a c h i n e ; 18. fixed my TV We'll have to ...
1. get up at five; 2. set off at d a w n ; 3. h i t c h - h i k e ; 4. cycle for hun
7. Fill in the gaps. Use either suggest or offer.
d r e d s of miles; 5. c a r r y heavy rucksacks; 6. swim across lakes; 7. climb
1. I ... h i m an interesting b o o k to read. 2. He ... a visit to t h e the m o u n t a i n s ; 8. c a m p in t h e snow
atre. 3. We ... h e r o u r help. 4. M i k e ... to c a r r y my suitcase b u t I said
it w a s n ' t heavy. 5. He ... discussing t h e m a t t e r at o u r next m e e t i n g . 10. Rephrase using one sentence.
6. D i d he ... a n y m o n e y ? 7. W h a t shall we do at t h e weekend? — Well, He was able to pass the exam. He worked very hard.
w h a t do you ...? 8. I was very busy a n d M a r y ... to buy a ticket for He passed his exam by working very hard.
m e . 9. My friend ... to pay for l u n c h b e c a u s e I h a d no c h a n g e . 10. You
have ... a very interesting p l a n . 11. A n n ... t h a t we should play ten 1. We m a n a g e d to get to t h e station on t i m e . We t o o k a taxi. 2. He
nis. 12. I ... going t h e c i n e m a . 13. M a r y ... walking back to t h e h o u s e . was able to c o m p l e t e his e d u c a t i o n . He got a p a r t - t i m e job. 3. She
14. T h e y ... h i m t h e p o s t of m a n a g e r . improved h e r p r o n u n c i a t i o n . She listened to British radio. 4. She saved
some money. She t r a n s l a t e d all t h e p a p e r s herself. 5. He was able
8. Fill in the gaps. Use the nouns suggestion or offer. t o finish t h e article b y t h e e n d o f t h e m o n t h . H e worked a t night.
6. I improved my g r a m m a r . I did a lot of exercises. 7. She enlarged her
1. D i d you accept his ... of help? 2. Have you any ... to make? vocabulary. She read a lot.
3. Your ... seems interesting to m e . 4. He offered me s o m e money.
I was surprised at his ... . 5. I like your ... b u t I ' m n o t sure w h e t h e r 11. Make sentences using the following words and word combinations.
I'll be able to j o i n you.
He/rich
9. Make short dialogues, as in the example. He seems to be rich.
a) A: When you get home you'll be able to ski, won't you? 1. S h e / k n o w h i m ; 2. He/have plenty of m o n e y ; 3. She/like chil
B: Yes, I'm looking forward to skiing. d r e n ; 4. He/afraid of smth.; 5. She/dislike h i m ; 6. H e / i n t e r e s t e d in art;
7. You/tired; 8. She/surprised; 9. She/energetic
When you get home you'll be able to won't you?
1. s w i m in t h e sea; 2. skate; 3. ride y o u r h o r s e a g a i n ; 4. m e e t 12. Complete the sentences using like or as.
y o u r friends; 5. s p e a k y o u r o w n l a n g u a g e a g a i n ; 6. fish in t h e river; 1. I j o i n e d t h e c o m p a n y ... a secretary. 2. T h e i r house is in a terrible
7. have a g o o d h o l i d a y ; 8. s u n b a t h e ; 9. get a g o o d j o b ; 10. c o n t i n u e mess. It looks ... a jungle. 3. I prefer bright colours, ... yellow a n d red.
2*
UNIT 3
37
4. W h e n you've finished, put everything back ... it was before. 5. T h e

л о с ь ее п р е д л о ж е н и е . 9. О н а п о с о в е т о в а л а м н е , где и к а к прове
building looks more ... a c h u r c h t h a n a b a n k . 6. Stop behaving ... a fool.
с т и о т п у с к . 10. Г р а б и т е л и з а б р а л и с ь в д о м , р а з б и в о к н о . 11. Я хо
7. N o b o d y else c a n make me laugh quite ... she c a n . 8. Sarah looks a
чу тебе д а т ь п о ч и т а т ь и н т е р е с н у ю к н и г у . 12. У м е н я н е т ж е л а н и я
lot ... her brother. 9. He really gets on my nerves. I c a n ' t stand people
и д т и туда. 13. П о й д и и п р о в е р ь р а с п и с а н и е . 14. О к н а в ы х о д я т
... h i m . 10. A few years ago I worked ... a bus driver. 11. We d o n ' t need на м о р е . 15. Э т о т а р т и с т п о л ь з у е т с я п о п у л я р н о с т ь ю у з р и т е л е й .
all the b e d r o o m s in the house, so we c a n use o n e of t h e m ... a study. 16. П о з в о л ь т е м н е п о м о ч ь в а м .
12. H e ' s 35 but he s o m e t i m e s behaves ... a child. 13. You n e e d n ' t take
my advice if you d o n ' t want to. You c a n do ... you like. 14. T h e weather
is terrible for the m i d d l e of s u m m e r . It's ... winter. 15. Tom's idea Text Exercises
seemed a good o n e , so we did ... he suggested. 16. A n n failed her driv
16. Ask questions about: a) holiday camps in England; b) the Youth
ing test ... we expected. 17. I'll p h o n e you t o m o r r o w evening ... usual, Hostels Association.
okay?
17. Speak on: a) the way John Grant prefers to spend his holidays;
13. Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition after the verb look.
b) holiday camps and their conveniences; c) a walking holiday.
1. She looked ... h e r n o t e s before t h e e x a m . 2. W h o ' s going to
look ... t h e c h i l d r e n while you're away? 3. I'm l o o k i n g t h e week 18. When did you last have your holiday? Where and how did you
e n d . 4. She looked ... me a n d s m i l e d . 5. T h e r o o m looks a park. spend it? What kind of holiday do you prefer?
6. W h e r e have you b e e n ? We've b e e n l o o k i n g ... you. 7. I'll look t h e
word ... in t h e d i c t i o n a r y . 8. We're really l o o k i n g seeing you Conversation Practice
a g a i n . 9. C a n you look ... t h e t i m e of t h e next t r a i n ? 10. Excuse m e .
T Listen, read and practise.
I ' m l o o k i n g ... M o u n t Street. C o u l d you tell me w h e r e it is? 11. He
c a n look ... himself, you n e e d n ' t worry. 12. T h e h o u s e looks the
sea. Likes and Dislikes
Sue, Paul a n d Ted are t a l k i n g a b o u t t h e sorts of places t h a t t h e y
14. Make sentences with the expression to be (not to be) popular with like for t h e i r holidays.
smb. Use the words and word combinations below.
Sue: I like climbing, so I like a place in t h e m o u n t a i n s .
this park/the citizens Paul: Well, I like s w i m m i n g , so I like a place t h a t ' s on t h e sea,
This park is popular with the citizens. or on a lake or on a river. Of course, if t h e weather's cold,
I d o n ' t swim in t h e sea or t h e lake, but I like being n e a r
this singer/women; this film/youngsters; this p r o g r a m m e / t h e pub
water.
lic; she/men; football/young boys; t h i s b o o k / t h e readers; short skirts/
y o u n g girls; h e / w o m e n Ted: Well, I like a quiet holiday. I d o n ' t like a place t h a t ' s on
a busy road.
A. Write in or on in column 2.
1. К а ж е т с я , о н и з н а ю т друг друга. 2. Он п р о и з в о д и т впечат 1. London is the River Thames.

л е н и е о ч е н ь у м н о г о ч е л о в е к а . 3. Я с н е т е р п е н и е м ж д у в с т р е ч и 2. There are fish the River Thames.
с тобой. 4. Н и к предложил мне свою палатку, но я отказался. 3. Quito is the Andes Mountains.
5. Я п р е д л о ж и л о т п р а в и т ь с я в п я т н и ц у у т р о м . М о и д р у з ь я со 4. Chicago is Lake Michigan.
г л а с и л и с ь . 6. З а в т р а я у е з ж а ю в к о м а н д и р о в к у . Н и н а п р е д л о ж и л а 5. New York is the Atlantic Ocean.
присмотреть за моим сыно м. 7. Его предложение помочь удивило
6. People swim the Mediterranean Sea.
нас. 8. А н я предложила провести отпуск в Ялте. М н е понрави-
7. Ryde is the road from St Helen's to Cowes.
38
Mary: We went to Ireland two years ago to pay Jill a n d h e r

h u s b a n d a visit. T h e y ' r e in D u b l i n now.
Jane: O h , yes, so they are!
Mary: If you decide on Ireland you c a n call in on t h e m . Jill
would willingly put you up for a few days, I'm sure.
Jane: T h a t ' s a good idea! I haven't seen Jill for more t h a n three
years now a n d I'd like to know how she's getting on.
[ T | W h e n i s J a n e t a k i n g h e r holiday? H a s she m a d e h e r plans yet?

W h y c a n ' t she afford to go abroad this year? W h e r e might she
spend her holiday this year? W h a t makes Ireland a possible
choice?
B. Complete the sentences.

Find in the text appropriate phrases for the following.
T i n a , Paul, Ted a n d Sue stayed in hostels in m a n y different places.
Paul liked hostel С because it was ... a river, a n d hostel D because it was Куда ты едешь? Ты уже п р и н я л а р е ш е н и е ? Я в затруднитель
... a lake. Sue liked hostel A because it was ... a m o u n t a i n , a n d she liked н о м м а т е р и а л ь н о м п о л о ж е н и и в н а с т о я щ и й момент. Похоже, о н
hostel В even better because it was r i g h t . . . a m o u n t a i n . Ted liked hostel х о р о ш о п р о в о д и т в р е м я . Э т о х о р о ш а я идея. Я н е видела Д ж и л л
F because it was ... t h e road, hostel E because it was ... a wood, a n d of б о л е е трех лет, и м н е бы хотелось з н а т ь , к а к о н а п о ж и в а е т . У тебя
course he liked hostels A a n d B, t o o , because they were ... t h e road. уже б ы л о т п у с к за э т о т год? М о й б р а т т о л ь к о ч т о уехал в М е к с и к у
на две недели. Если ты остановишь свой выбор на И р л а н д и и ,
C. What sort of places do you like for your holidays?
ты м о ж е ш ь н а в е с т и т ь их. Я уже б ы л а в И с п а н и и д в а ж д ы . Я беру
D. Describe a place you liked. о т п у с к в к о н ц е с е н т я б р я . П о ч е м у бы тебе не поехать в М е к с и к у ?
Х о р о ш о в а м , с о с т о я т е л ь н ы м л ю д я м . Я уже п о т р а т и л а м н о г о денег
Holiday Plans в э т о м году. Мы е з д и л и в И р л а н д и ю д в а года н а з а д н а в е с т и т ь
Mary: Have you h a d y o u r holiday for this year, Jane? Д ж и л л и ее м у ж а . Я у в е р е н а , Д ж и л л охотно п р и н я л а бы т е б я на
Jane: N o t yet. I ' m t a k i n g it at t h e end of September. несколько дней. В п р о ш л о м месяце в моей квартире был ремонт.
Mary: W h e r e are you going? Have you m a d e up your m i n d ?
Jane: N o t really. I t h o u g h t of going to Spain again, but I've Situation 1. Your friend and you are making plans for the coming
holidays.
already b e e n t h e r e twice a n d I'd like to try somewhere
new. After the Holidays
Mary: My b r o t h e r ' s just gone to Mexico for two weeks. I had
a card from h i m yesterday a n d he seems to be having a Peter: It's nice to see you, Helen. How are you?
good t i m e . W h y d o n ' t you go there? Helen: G o o d m o r n i n g , Peter. H o p e you are well. Haven't seen
Jane: T h a t ' s OK for you well-off people, but I c o u l d n ' t pos you for ages. W h e r e have you b e e n all this time?
sibly afford it. I ' m m u c h t o o hard up at t h e m o m e n t . Peter: I've just arrived from Brighton. I spent my holidays at
Mary: T h e airfare is quite expensive, I a d m i t , but you n e e d n ' t t h e seaside. Have you ever b e e n there?
spend a lot w h e n you get there. Helen: Yes, I was t h e r e last year. It's a nice place, isn't it?
Jane: I've already spent a lot of m o n e y this year. My flat was I h o p e you enjoyed yourself greatly.
d o n e up last m o n t h , so I haven't got m u c h to spare for Peter: O h , yes. I had a very nice t i m e . T h e weather was fine.
expensive holidays abroad. I swam m u c h , lay in t h e sun a n d m a d e a lot of friends.
Mary: O h , I see. Helen: D i d you go to Brighton alone?
Jane: P e r h a p s I'll just go to S c o t l a n d or Ireland in t h e e n d . Peter: N o , together with my c o u s i n Dick. You r e m e m b e r h i m ,
I've h e a r d they are b o t h very beautiful, a n d I haven't d o n ' t you?
b e e n t o either o f t h e m . Helen: Sure. H a s he finished school yet?
Peter: Yes, he is a s t u d e n t at Oxford University. A n d how are Mr Smith: Right. T h a t seems t h e best idea. O h ! C o u l d you
you getting on? I haven't heard from you lately. tell me offhand what t h e sports facilities are like
Helen: I ' m quite all right, t h a n k you. C o m e a n d see me some in B e n i d o r m ? My wife a n d I a r e b o t h keen on
day, will you? sport a n d we want to m a k e sure we c a n keep ac
Peter: I'd be delighted. G o o d b y e . tive d u r i n g t h e holiday.
Helen: See you s o o n . Bye. Travel Agent: Yes. Sure! T h e r e are o p p o r t u n i t i e s for s w i m m i n g ,
skin diving, waterskiing, sailing a n d windsurf
[~7~| W h e r e did Peter spend his holidays? D i d he have a good t i m e in
ing. T h e r e are also t e n n i s c o u r t s a n d golf c o u r s e s
Brighton? W a s he t h e r e alone? H o w is H e l e n getting o n ?
w i t h i n easy reach of some of t h e hotels. D i d you
A. Find in the text appropriate phrases for the following. have a n y o t h e r s p o r t s in m i n d ?
Mr Smith: N o . That's fine. We wanted to know mainly about
Я только что приехал из Брайтона. К а к поживаешь? Я очень water sports. Right! T h a n k you. I'll take your bro
х о р о ш о п р о в е л в р е м я . С т о л е т т е б я н е в и д е л а . Где т ы п р о п а д а л все chure a n d be in touch in a few days. Goodbye.
э т о в р е м я ? О н уже к о н ч и л ш к о л у ? П о с л е д н е е в р е м я я н е п о л у ч а л Travel Agent: Goodbye.
от тебя н и к а к и х известий. Заходи ко мне на днях. Ты когда-либо
б ы в а л а в Б р а й т о н е ? С у д о в о л ь с т в и е м . Рад т е б я в и д е т ь . До с к о р о й T ] W h e r e i s M r Smith? W h a t d o e s h e want there? H e ' d like t o g o
в с т р е ч и . Т ы ведь п о м н и ш ь его? К о н е ч н о . t o M o r o c c o , w o u l d n ' t he? W h e n i s h e p l a n n i n g t o g o o n holi
day? W h e r e c a n he find general i n f o r m a t i o n about B e n i d o r m ?
B. Give synonymous expressions from the text. D o e s h e have t o b o o k i m m e d i a t e l y ? W h a t further i n f o r m a t i o n
I ' m glad to see you. How are you keeping? Certainly. I'd love t o . d o e s M r S m i t h want? W h y d o e s h e want t o k n o w this? W h a t
H o w a b o u t c o m i n g t o see m e o n e o f these days? I ' m f i n e , t h a n k you. sort of sports is Mr Smith particularly interested in? D o e s Mr
S m i t h m a k e his decision i m m e d i a t e l y ?
I h o p e you h a d a good t i m e .
Situation 2. Your friend and you have just returned from your summer A. Read a reported version of the conversation.
holidays. At the moment you are sharing your impressions. Mr S m i t h goes i n t o a travel agency to ask for some information
about package holidays in Spain. T h e travel agent asks h i m which part
Making an Enquiry in a Travel Agency
of Spain he would like to visit. Mr S m i t h says he has b e e n t h i n k i n g of
Travel Agent: Good morning. going to B e n i d o r m a n d asks the travel agent if he r e c o m m e n d s it. T h e
Mr Smith: G o o d m o r n i n g . I w o n d e r if you c o u l d help m e . travel agent tells h i m it is a very p o p u l a r place. He asks Mr Smith when
I'd like s o m e i n f o r m a t i o n about package holidays he is p l a n n i n g to go. Mr Smith wants to go for t h e first two weeks of July
in Spain. a n d asks t h e travel agent if he has any general information on B e n i d o r m :
Travel Agent: Yes, certainly. W h a t p a r t of Spain? t h e beaches, town, restaurants, night life. T h e travel agent gives h i m a
Mr Smith: We've b e e n t h i n k i n g of going to B e n i d o r m . Do brochure which lists all t h e package tours a n d gives details about hotels,
you r e c o m m e n d it? car hire, cruises a n d excursions. He points out that there is a b o o k i n g
Travel Agent: Yes! It's a very p o p u l a r place. W h e n are you plan form in the brochure a n d says Mr Smith may like to t h i n k it over for
n i n g t o go? a few days a n d then contact h i m again. Mr Smith agrees a n d t h e n en
Mr Smith: T h e first two weeks in July. Do you have any quires about t h e sports facilities in B e n i d o r m . He a n d his wife are b o t h
information o n B e n i d o r m : about t h e b e a c h e s , keen on sport a n d want to m a k e sure they can keep active during the
t o w n , restaurants a n d night life etc.? holiday. T h e travel agent tells h i m there are opportunities for s w i m m i n g ,
Travel Agent: Yes. It's all in this brochure. It lists all t h e package skin diving, waterskiing, sailing a n d windsurfing. T h e r e are also t e n n i s
t o u r s we offer a n d gives details about hotels, c a r courts a n d golf courses within easy reach of some of the hotels. He asks
hire, cruises a n d excursions. T h e r e ' s a b o o k i n g if Mr S m i t h h a d any o t h e r sports in m i n d . Mr S m i t h says he w a n t e d
form in the brochure. Perhaps you'd like to t h i n k to know m a i n l y about water sports. He takes the brochure a n d tells the
it over for a few days a n d t h e n c o n t a c t us again. travel agent he will be in t o u c h with h i m in a few days' time.
42
Act out the conversation and reproduce the reported version of the c o o k e d a n d t h e waiters were slow a n d rather rude. I had a tiny r o o m
conversation. First compare the conversation and its reported version. with o n e small w i n d o w a n d a beautiful view of the local fish market.
W h a t a smell! A n d what a noise! At five o'clock every m o r n i n g t h e
B. In pairs, act out a similar conversation on the topic "At a Travel sound of lorries, fishermen a n d people at t h e m a r k e t always woke me
Agency ". u p . I am back in E n g l a n d now a n d I n e e d a holiday.
Listening A. Decide if the following sentences are true or false.

Ann Goes to Italy It didn't rain much.
A n n is a student at L o n d o n University. She studies Italian. Last False. It rained a lot.
s u m m e r she flew to Italy. She t o u r e d Italy by c o a c h . She saw a lot of
1. He spent a lot of t i m e on t h e b e a c h .
interesting places. She ate spaghetti in R o m e , d r a n k coffee in Venice
2. He d i d n ' t spend m u c h money.
a n d t o o k a lot of p h o t o g r a p h s . T h e s u n shone every day. She lay in
3. He d i d n ' t have m u c h good weather.
t h e s u n a n d swam a lot. She stayed in Italy for a m o n t h . She wrote
4. He d i d n ' t visit m a n y places.
p o s t c a r d s to all h e r friends a n d relatives. She m e t a lot of interesting
5. He d i d n ' t read m a n y books.
people in Italy. She b o u g h t a lot of Italian p o p music C D s a n d b r o u g h t
6. T h e r e a r e a lot of b a r s at Vista Beach.
t h e m back t o E n g l a n d .
7. He d i d n ' t d r i n k m u c h wine.
T l W h a t does A n n do? W h e r e did she g o last s u m m e r ? D i d she 8. He d i d n ' t speak to m a n y people.
travel by t r a i n ? H o w did she spend h e r t i m e in Italy? 9. He ate a lot of good meals.
10. He got a lot of sleep.
Situation 3. Your friend has just come back from his holiday. You are
asking him about it. B. Speak about your last holiday. Say what you liked and what you
didn't like about it.
Prompts:
where/spend? how long/stay there? go alone? how/ travel? the I Thought It Was a Shark
weather/fine? where/meals? what/do in the evenings? meet any
interesting people? buy anything? have a good time? when/come Last year my friend R o b e r t went to a small seaside town for a
back? week's holiday. Robert usually takes his holiday in J u n e b u t last year
he t o o k it in August.
What a Terrible Holiday! He d i d n ' t take m a n y clothes with h i m — only a few shirts, a p a i r
o f s h o r t s a n d his s w i m m i n g c o s t u m e . H e went from L o n d o n t o t h e sea
Tom M a c D o n a l d is t a l k i n g about his holiday at Vista Beach. town by t r a i n a n d t h e j o u r n e y t o o k t h r e e h o u r s . R o b e r t likes travelling
I have just c o m e back from a fortnight at Vista Beach. W h a t a ter by t r a i n .
rible holiday! T h e weather was awful, t h e t o w n was b o r i n g , t h e hotel He stayed at a small hotel n e a r t h e b e a c h . Every m o r n i n g before
was dreadful a n d I spent all t h e money. It r a i n e d almost every day a n d breakfast he ran d o w n to the sea a n d had a quick swim. S o m e t i m e s he
there was a strong wind which blew from t h e sea, so that even when it t o o k a boat a n d went fishing for the day.
d i d n ' t r a i n it was impossible to sit on t h e b e a c h . O n c e he j u m p e d into t h e water w h e n a big crab bit h i m . He j u m p e d
T h e r e wasn't m u c h to do in t h e town — not m a n y interesting places u p a n d s h o u t e d for help. People r a n from t h e b e a c h i n t o t h e water t o
to visit. So I stayed in the hotel most days a n d read a lot of b o o k s a n d help h i m . T h e y t h o u g h t h e was dead. T h e hotel-keeper ran d o w n t o t h e
watched a lot of rain. In t h e evenings I went out to bars a n d discos a n d beach, t o o . H e t h o u g h t s o m e o n e was d r o w n i n g .
I d r a n k a lot of wine — there were h u n d r e d s of bars. T h e night life was In a very short t i m e there were about fifty or sixty people. T h e y
good, but I d i d n ' t talk to m a n y people, because I d i d n ' t feel well. were s t a n d i n g r o u n d R o b e r t . T h e y all w a n t e d to know what was going
T h e hotel looked beautiful in t h e travel b r o c h u r e but when I got on. Robert b e c a m e red in t h e face. He t h o u g h t a shark was going to
there I found it was small a n d dirty. Most of t h e meals were badly eat h i m . But it was only a crab.
С. Choose the correct continuation to complete the following sentences. lar?

6. People talk about some places as being "typical tourist spots".
1. Roger spent his holiday W h a t do you t h i n k they m e a n by t h e phrase?
a) in the m o u n t a i n s .
7. Do you like to spend y o u r holidays at t h e seaside? W h i c h do you
b) at the seaside. prefer: t h e Baltic Sea resorts or t h e Black Sea resorts? W h y ?
2. Last year he t o o k his holiday 8. Discuss some ways of s p e n d i n g a holiday.
a) in J u n e . 9. D e s c r i b e your sightseeing in a t o w n of special historic interest.
b) in August. 10. Speak about a holiday you spent at t h e seaside.
3. Roger went to the sea Situation 4. A family are discussing where they will go for their sum
a) by car. mer holidays. Even though their tastes are very different they want to go on
b) by t r a i n . holiday together and see if there's a way of reconciling the different ideas
4. O n e day he was frightened b e c a u s e w h e n he was s w i m m i n g they have about what holidays should be.
a) a shark bit h i m .
1. R e a d t h e letter below a n d write a p o s t c a r d h o m e to a
b) a c r a b bit h i m .
friend.
Reading Dear Sam,
Holidays G r e e t i n g s from L o n d o n ! T h e w e a t h e r i s w a r m a n d s u n n y a n d I ' m

having a wonderful t i m e . I'm staying with my U n c l e Douglas. He lives
People have m o r e m o n e y a n d m o r e leisure nowadays a n d even in t h e city c e n t r e .
y o u n g people c a n afford to go abroad. M a n y travel agents offer c h e a p
I have already visited B u c k i n g h a m Palace. We visited it on Friday.
cut-price tickets for flights to all p a r t s of t h e world, so t h e youngsters I bought some postcards there. I have also gone to H a r r o d s . My uncle
c a n avoid t h e crowded, well-known places a n d get to less famous areas took me there yesterday, but I d i d n ' t buy a n y t h i n g . I've eaten at an
w h i c h are off t h e b e a t e n track. I n s t e a d of using public t r a n s p o r t a n d Italian restaurant, t o o ! We went t h e r e last night a n d h a d a very hot
hotels t h e y c a n travel by h i t c h - h i k i n g a n d stay at youth hostels. But curry!
most people prefer s o m e k i n d of package holiday at a p o p u l a r holiday
T h e r e are a lot of t h i n g s I haven't d o n e yet. I haven't gone to
resort, which m e a n s t h a t everything is a r r a n g e d for you a n d t h e price
C o v e n t G a r d e n or Piccadilly C i r c u s yet. We're going to Hyde Park
you pay includes t r a n s p o r t , food a n d a c c o m m o d a t i o n . Try to avoid tomorrow.
t a k i n g your holiday d u r i n g t h e busy peak tourist season. It's m o r e
L o n d o n is a fascinating city — you must visit it o n e day! Anyway,
crowded a n d expensive. If possible, go in t h e quieter off-peak period.
I ' m r e t u r n i n g h o m e o n I 5 t h J u n e , s o I'll call you t h e n .
Best wishes,
Fluency Ann
Talk on the following points. 2. Describe the most memorable holiday you've ever had.
1. W h a t is your idea of a good holiday?

2. Speak in favour or against s p e n d i n g a holiday in a quiet fishing Self Check
village.
3. W h a t are the advantages a n d disadvantages of going on a guided /. Fill in: a, an, or the where necessary.
tour? Last s u m m e r we went to ... (1) seaside for two weeks. Unfortunately,
4. W h a t do you t h i n k of a walking holiday? Do you find it enjoy we h a d n ' t b o o k e d ... (2) a c c o m m o d a t i o n before we went, a n d we h a d
able? ... (3) awful t i m e finding ... (4) r o o m to stay in. ... (5) only r o o m we
5 . W h y d o you t h i n k t o u r i s m i s b e c o m i n g m o r e a n d m o r e p o p u -
could find was very small, but it had ... (6) lovely view of... (7) sea a n d
was only a few m i n u t e s from ... (8) b e a c h . ... (9) weather was very hot,
a n d on ... (10) first day I stayed out so long, that I got ... (11) terrible
s u n b u r n a n d had to stay in ... (12) bed ... (13) next day. After t h a t ,
however, everything went well a n d we had ... (14) wonderful holiday.
Unit 4
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect Continuous. Present Perfect (2)
Mr Brown: I say what you a n d you sister (be going) to do for
your holiday this year?
Mr Robinson: Well, I (not, know). I'd like to take my sister Illustrative Situations
a b r o a d , but t h e n she c a n ' t leave h e r c h i l d r e n . T Study and practise.
W h a t you (do)?
Mr Brown: We (go) to t h e sea. 1. Dr C a n t o r is a heart surgeon. He is o p e r a t i n g now. He began at
Mr Robinson: W h e r e you (go) as a rule? 8 t h i s m o r n i n g a n d it is now 4 o'clock.
Mr Brown: We (try) m a n y seaside places on the east a n d He h a s b e e n o p e r a t i n g for 8 hours. He has b e e n o p e r a t i n g since 8
o'clock.
south coasts; on t h e whole, I t h i n k we (prefer) t h e
south. 2. — W h e r e ' s Jack?
Mr Robinson: You (take) r o o m s or (stay) at a hotel?
— He is r e a d i n g s o m e t h i n g in t h e library. He's been reading t h e
Mr Brown: T h i s year we (take) a furnished house. W h y d o n ' t whole day.
you j o i n us? It (be) great fun.
Mr Robinson: I t h i n k it (be) a good idea. I (talk) it over with my 3. — How long have you been studying G e r m a n ?
sister a n d see what she (think) about it. — F o r two years.
4. — Since w h e n have you b e e n p r e p a r i n g for y o u r exam, Peter?

— Since J u n e .
— Привет, Андрей! Рад тебя видеть. 5. — Is it raining?
— З д р а в с т в у й , В и к т о р ! Не видел тебя ц е л у ю в е ч н о с т ь . Где ты
— N o , it isn't, but t h e g r o u n d is wet. It h a s b e e n r a i n i n g .
пропадал?
— В и д и ш ь л и , я т о л ь к о ч т о в е р н у л с я из А н г л и и . Ты когда- 6. You are o u t of b r e a t h . Have you b e e n r u n n i n g ?
либо там бывал?
7. J a n e h a s n ' t c o m e h o m e yet. She's b e e n in t h e library since 9
— К с о ж а л е н и ю , нет. Но я с о б и р а ю с ь поехать туда в следую o'clock. (= She's still there.)
щ е м году. Т ы д о в о л е н с в о е й п о е з д к о й ?
— К о н е ч н о . Л о н д о н о д и н и з к р а с и в е й ш и х городов, к о т о р ы е 8. T h e s t u d e n t s have just left. T h e y have b e e n here for two h o u r s .
я к о г д а - л и б о видел. Я п р о б ы л т а м д в е н е д е л и и п р е к р а с н о про ( = T h e y are no longer here.)
вел в р е м я . П р и х о д и к о м н е н а д н я х . Я п о к а ж у тебе с в о и фото
9. I haven't worn this dress since M a r c h . (= from M a r c h u n t i l
графии. now)
— Х о р о ш о . До с к о р о й в с т р е ч и .
10. We haven't seen J o h n since he got m a r r i e d . (= from t h a t day
to this)
11. I have lived in M o s c o w all my life. (= I was b o r n here, I live

here now.)
12. — By t h e way, how long have you k n o w n Mr M o r g a n ?

— F o r ten years.
13. My b r o t h e r h a s worked in G r e e c e for t h e last (past) t h r e e years. Pam: Yes, he's been t a l k i n g to her since we c a m e in.
(= He is still there.) Eric: Waiter!
Waiter: Yes, sir ... Do you w a n t t h e bill?
14. — S i n c e w h e n h a s he b e e n absent? Eric: T h e bill! We haven't seen t h e m e n u yet.
— Since Friday.
23. Mrs Baker: Hello, M r s Parker ... are you waiting to see
15. — It's t e n years since we last saw each other. W h a t have you D o c t o r Savage?
b e e n doing all t h i s time? Mrs Parker: Hello, M r s Baker. Yes, I a m .
— O h , I've got m a r r i e d . I've b o u g h t a house. I've c h a n g e d my Mrs Baker: H o w long have you b e e n waiting?
j o b twice. Mrs Parker: I've b e e n waiting since n i n e o'clock.
— I see. You haven't b e e n wasting your t i m e . Mrs Baker: A h , you haven't b e e n waiting long. It's only t e n
16. — H o w long have you b e e n s m o k i n g cigarettes? past n i n e now.
— F o r 20 years. Mrs Parker: N o , n o , I haven't. I've b e e n r e a d i n g t h i s maga
— Q u i t e an old habit. zine. It's very interesting. T h e r e ' s an article a b o u t

operations.
17. — Have you finished r e a d i n g your b o o k yet?
24. Diane: Hello, Judy. You've b e e n sitting here for an h o u r !
— I've b e e n r e a d i n g it for weeks, but I haven't finished it yet.
W h e r e ' s your h u s b a n d ?
— W h e n are you going to finish it?
Judy: O h , he's d a n c i n g with M r s W i n s t o n .
— O h , probably next m o n t h .
Diane: O h , yes ... he's d a n c i n g very well. H a s he b e e n
18. — W h a t ' s Bill d o i n g at t h e m o m e n t ? d a n c i n g all evening?
— He's reading a book. Judy: Yes, he has ... but he hasn't been dancing with me.
— H o w long h a s he b e e n r e a d i n g it?
2 5 . Jenny: I've b e e n looking for you. H o w long have you
— F o r five h o u r s .
been w a t c h i n g T V ?
19. — W h a t are you d o i n g here? Paul: I've b e e n sitting here for m o r e t h a n an hour.
— I ' m waiting for Elsie. Jenny: I was lucky to find you h e r e . I want to t a l k to
— Waiting for Elsie? you.
— Yes, I've b e e n waiting for her since 5 o'clock.
26. Mr J e n k i n s is in t h e boss's office now. T h e last t i m e he got a
— O h , but she has gone to t h e c i n e m a .
rise was two years ago. He w a n t s a n o t h e r o n e . T h e boss is asking ques
2 0 . — H a v e you b e e n very busy lately? tions like t h i s :
— Yes, I have. Extremely busy. " H o w long have you been with us n o w ? " " H o w long have you h a d
— Have you b e e n w o r k i n g on your paper? t h e s a m e j o b ? " " H o w long have you b e e n e a r n i n g t h e s a m e m o n e y ? "
— N o , I haven't. I've b e e n p r e p a r i n g for a s e m i n a r .
[У] W h e r e is Mr J e n k i n s now? W h e n did he last get a rise? W h a t
2 1 . — You look tired, Alec. W h a t have you b e e n doing? d o e s he want? W h a t questions is t h e boss asking h i m ?
— I've been working in t h e g a r d e n .
— You must have a good rest.
27. O n e of Tony's friends, P a u l , u s e d to be a t e a c h e r . He did n o t
2 2 . Pam: Eric! C a l l t h e waiter again! e a r n a very g o o d salary t h e n . T h r e e years ago he got a n o t h e r j o b in
Eric: I've b e e n trying to call h i m . i n d u s t r y a n d i m m e d i a t e l y got a very g o o d salary. He h a s a very g o o d
Pam: Eric! We've been sitting here for twenty m i n u t e s j o b now. He h a s b e e n in i n d u s t r y for t h r e e years now. He h a s h a d a
... a n d I ' m not going to wait any longer! g o o d j o b for t h r e e years a n d h a s b e e n e a r n i n g a g o o d salary all t h a t
Eric: I'm sorry, d e a r ... b u t he's t a l k i n g to t h a t girl. time.
|У] W h a t did Paul do t h r e e years ago? W h y did he c h a n g e his job? b) — Is Mary still computing? (two o'clock)
H o w long has he been in industry? H a s he been e a r n i n g a good — Yes, she's been computing since two o'clock.
salary all t h a t time? 1. Is D i c k still waiting for Lucy? ( m o r e t h a n an h o u r ) 2. Is Susan
still playing t e n n i s ? (ten o'clock) 3. Are they still sitting in t h e gar
2 8 . T o m ' s b r o t h e r , Peter, h a s b e e n b a c k in E n g l a n d for o n l y half den? ( l u n c h t i m e ) 4. Is Bill still t r y i n g to learn Japanese? (ten years)
a n h o u r . H e i s waiting t o p h o n e T o m , but t h e w o m a n got t o t h e p h o n e 5. A r e you still living in L o n d o n ? ( t h r e e years now) 6. Are you still
box j u s t a few s e c o n d s before he did. T h a t was t e n m i n u t e s ago. She s m o k i n g t h o s e F r e n c h cigarettes? (a c o u p l e of m o n t h s ) 7. A r e you still
h a s b e e n t a l k i n g for t e n m i n u t e s a n d Peter h a s b e e n w a i t i n g t h a t waiting to see t h e boss? (ages) 8. A r e they still discussing t h e project?
long, t o o . ( n i n e o'clock) 9. Is M r s S m i t h still t e a c h i n g English? ( t h i r t y years)
10. A r e H e l e n a n d Alice still s h o p p i n g ? ( m o r n i n g ) 11. A r e you still
|У| H o w long h a s Peter b e e n back in E n g l a n d ? W h a t is he d o i n g at l o o k i n g for your glasses? (half an h o u r ) 12. A r e you still working for
t h e m o m e n t ? W h e n did t h e w o m a n get t o t h e p h o n e box? How t h e s a m e c o m p a n y ? (I left school) 13. Is Bill still s w i m m i n g ? (an h o u r
long h a s Peter b e e n waiting? already)
3. Give additional information.

Practice
M i k e is ill. (for a week)
/. Say how long the action has been going on.
He has been ill for a week.
a) Ann is looking for a job. She began looking for a job six months 1. My b r o t h e r is m a r r i e d , (for two years) 2. I k n o w Steve Baxter,
ago. (since I was a child) 3. N i c k is absent, (for a week) 4. Jack lives in
Ann has been looking for a job for six months. Bishopton. (since he was b o r n ) 5. Helen is in the library, (all day long)
1. J a n e is writing letters. She began writing letters an h o u r ago. 6. Mr M o r g a n is away, (for two m o n t h s ) 7. Bill is unemployed, (since
2. G e o r g e smokes. He started s m o k i n g five years ago. 3. Helen studies April) 8. A n n h a s a bad cold, (for t h e last few days) 9. My cousin is
F r e n c h . She began studying F r e n c h eight m o n t h s ago. 4. T h e boys are in t h e army, (since he was 18) 10. T h e shop is o p e n , (since 8 o'clock)
11. T h e Baxters are at t h e seaside, (the whole m o n t h )
playing football. T h e y started playing football two h o u r s ago. 5. It is
r a i n i n g . It b e g a n r a i n i n g t h r e e h o u r s ago. 6. Helen is p r e p a r i n g for h e r
exam. She began p r e p a r i n g for it two weeks ago.
brackets.
b) Lucy began computing at 9 o'clock. She is still computing. — When did you last smoke? (for two years)
Lucy has been computing since 9 o'clock. — I haven't smoked for two years.
1. D i c k s t a r t e d r e a d i n g t h a t b o o k on Friday. H e ' s still r e a d i n g it. 1. W h e n did it last rain? (for ages) 2. W h e n did they last visit
2. H e l e n b e g a n t r a n s l a t i n g t h e text at 10 o'clock. She's still translat you? (since J u n e ) 3. W h e n did you last play t e n n i s ? (for a long time).
ing it. 3. T h e y b e g a n to discuss t h e plan at 12 o'clock. T h e y are still 4. W h e n did you last drive? (for six m o n t h s ) 5. W h e n did she last write
discussing it. 4. Dick b e g a n to w a t c h TV at 6. H e ' s still w a t c h i n g to you? (since last s u m m e r ) 6. W h e n did you last eat caviar? (never)
it. 5. Mr S m i t h began to work for t h i s c o m p a n y last year. H e ' s still 7. W h e n did you last h e a r from G e o r g e ? (for ages) 8. W h e n did you last
working for t h e c o m p a n y . 6. T h e y b e g a n to t a l k at 12. T h e y are still go to t h e theatre? (for m o n t h s ) 9. W h e n did you last see Bob? (since
talking. F e b r u a r y ) 10. W h e n did you last go to Spain? (never)
2. Answer the questions. Use since or for. 5. Complete with for or since.
a) — Is John still sleeping? (hours) a) Let's visit Aunt Emily. (Christmas)

— Yes, he's been sleeping for hours. We haven't visited her since Christmas.
1. Let's invite H a r r y a n d J a n e to d i n n e r . ( M a r c h ) 2. Let's play c) — It is raining.

cards with t h e Kents. (weeks) 3. Let's cook a pizza. (Sally a n d Jack — Since when has it been raining?
were here) 4. Let's walk r o u n d Hyde Park, (years) 5. Let's w a t c h TV.
1. It is snowing. 2. T h e y are writing a test paper. 3. M r s J o h n s o n
(last Friday) 6. Let's h e a r an opera, ( m o n t h s ) 7. Let's p h o n e Jeff a n d
is a teacher. She teaches art. 4. Jill is a student. She studies F r e n c h .
P a m . (two weeks)
5. J a n e is working in t h e laboratory. 6. M i k e collects s t a m p s . 7. I ' m still
b) I'm going to clean the car. (three weeks) p a c k i n g . 8. She is t a k i n g her exams.
I haven't cleaned it for three weeks.
8. Say how long the action has been in progress.
1. I ' m going to wash t h e windows. (Five weeks) 2. I ' m going to
m a k e a cake, (your birthday) 3. I ' m going to clean my shoes. (Tuesday) Bill Parks is in his lorry. He got into it at 9 and it's 12 now. He
4. I'm going to c o o k a p u d d i n g , (last week) 5. I ' m going to p a i n t t h e has (he's) been in his lorry for 3 hours. He has been driving for 3
b a t h r o o m , (three years) 6. I ' m going to water t h e flowers, (three days) hours.
7. I ' m going to buy a suit, (two years) 8. I ' m going to iron, (last Friday) 1. S a m went i n t o t h e library 2 h o u r s ago a n d got a book called
9. I'm going to wash the c u r t a i n s , (your p a r e n t s stayed with us) 10. I ' m " G r e a t Jokes". He is still t h e r e . 2. Tony c a u g h t a bad cold 2 weeks
going to write to U n c l e Jack, ( m o n t h s ) 11. I ' m going to dust t h e book ago. He i m m e d i a t e l y went to bed. He is still there. He c o u g h s a lot.
shelves, (last m o n t h ) 3. J a n e c a m e i n t o t h e office at 9. It is 11 now. She is working. 4. Peter
a n d M a r y walked o n t o t h e station platform half a n h o u r ago. T h e y are
6. Give additional information.
waiting for a t r a i n . 5. T h e h e a r t surgeon went i n t o t h e o p e r a t i n g the
Ann is very tired, (work hard) atre 8 h o u r s ago. He is still t h e r e . 6. Eric a n d all t h e o t h e r s t u d e n t s are
She has been working hard. in t h e lecture hall. T h e y are d o i n g a test. It started 2 h o u r s ago.
1. Bob h a s a black eye a n d Bill h a s a cut lip. (fight) 2. G e o r g e h a s 9. Make dialogues using the following words and word combinations.
just c o m e from t h e b e a c h , (lie in t h e sun) 3. T h e streets are wet. (rain)
4. H e r eyes are red. (cry) 5. My father h a s just c o m e h o m e . (Fish all a) you/married
day long) 6. M i k e is having supper, (skate t h e whole evening) 7. J a n e — How long have you been married?
is hot a n d tired, (play t e n n i s ) — For twenty years.
7. Ask questions. b) Jeff/in Italy

— Since when has Jeff been in Italy?
a) Your friend's hands are covered in oil. (you/work on the car) — Since last autumn.
Have you been working on the car?
1. A n n / o n holiday; 2. Dick/have a car; 3. y o u / k n o w Steve Baxter;
1. You have just arrived to m e e t your friend w h o is waiting for 4. Mary/have flue; 5. Mr S m i t h / b e away; 6. you/ have t h i s job; 7. Bob/
you. (you/wait long) 2. Your sister h a s c o m e h o m e a n d b r o u g h t a new study Spanish; 8. Fred/in Washington; 9. Alec/live in Moscow;
blouse, (you/shop) 3. Your friend c o m e s in. H i s face a n d h a n d s are 10. K a t e / b e absent; 12. Betsy/at t h e seaside
very dirty, (what/you/do) 4. Your sister is out of breath, (you/run)
5. You see a little boy. H i s eyes are red a n d watery, (you/cry) 10. Change the sentences. Do it, as in the example.
b) — I'm looking for a job. I was at school with Jim.

— How long have you been looking for a job? I have not seen Jim since I was at school with him.
1. I ' m waiting for Peter. 2. She d o e s two jobs. 3. I am l e a r n i n g 1. G e o r g e talked to J i m on Wednesday. 2. J u d y visited J i m in
G r e e k . 4. T h e y are travelling a r o u n d E u r o p e . 5. My b r o t h e r is fishing. S c o t l a n d . 3. T h e H u n t s h a d to m e e t J i m at t h e a i r p o r t . 4. Sheila stud
6. Jack is a j o u r n a l i s t . He writes for t h e Washington Post. 1. J o h n is a ied F r e n c h with J i m . 5. We forgot to invite J i m to t h e party. 6. I left
b u s i n e s s m a n i n M a d r i d . H e exports Spanish antiques. J i m at t h e hotel. 7. P a m played t e n n i s with J i m .
Л. Answer the questions about yourself. [У] W h a t is Jill going to do today? How long hasn't she washed t h e
windows? A n d what is Steve going to do? Since when h a s n ' t
1. Since when haven't you seen your friend? 2. How long have you
he cleaned his car? Since when haven't t h e Baxters b e e n to t h e
k n o w n your best friend? 3. Since w h e n haven't you h e a r d from your
theatre? D o e s Jill want to go to a disco? W h a t is she going to
relatives? 4. Since w h e n have you lived in Moscow? 5. H o w long have
d o now?
you b e e n m a r r i e d ? 6. Since w h e n haven't you visited t h e m u s e u m s in
Moscow? 7. Since w h e n haven't you b e e n at t h e c i n e m a ? 8. Since when
haven't you b e e n in St. Petersburg? 9. Since when have you h a d your 2. Doctor: W h a t is t h e problem, Mr Jones?
Mr Jones: Well, for t h e last t h r e e days I've h a d a p a i n at t h e
car? 10. H o w long have you worked for y o u r firm?
b o t t o m of my back. It begins here a n d goes down
12. Respond to the following statements. i n t o my leg.
Doctor: H o w long have you h a d it in your leg?
a) — David hasn't heard the news. (Roger)
Mr Jones: Since last Friday, I t h i n k .
— I wonder whether Roger has heard the news.
Doctor: Have you lifted a n y t h i n g very heavy or t a k e n any
1. Peter h a s seen t h e film. ( J o h n ) 2. Jack h a s w r i t t e n to her. ( A n n ) u n u s u a l exercises?
3. Lucy h a s passed t h e e x a m . (Betty) 4. M i k e h a s never b e e n abroad. Mr Jones: I d o n ' t t h i n k so. I've played t e n n i s every week for
(Victor) 5. Steve h a s n ' t got today's newspaper. (Sam) 6. M a r y h a s n ' t years. I've never h a d any problems before.
d o n e t h e exercise. (Bob) 7. N i c k h a s n ' t brought his C D s . (Helen) 8. J i m
3. Judith: You've b e e n reading t h a t newspaper for t h e last
h a s n ' t b o u g h t a c a r yet. (Steve)
hour. I h a t e when you read it at breakfast.
b) — Sue is absent. Peter: Yes, a n d you've b e e n w a t c h i n g me t h e whole t i m e .
— I wonder how long she has been absent. A n d you know it's a very i m p o r t a n t t i m e of t h e
day for m e . I n e e d to relax before I begin the day's
1. K a t e is ill. 2. D i c k is in C h i n a . 3. D i c k knows Helen. 4. J o h n n y
work.
is s w i m m i n g . 5. Kitty is lying in t h e s u n . 6. M a r y is sleeping. 7. Paul
Judith: O h , but t h i n k of m e . I've b e e n r e a d i n g t h e back of
a n d Roger are playing chess. 8. S a m is waiting for you.
your m o r n i n g newspaper for ten years now a n d I'd
like s o m e o n e to t a l k t o !
Fluency
4. Mother: W h a t on e a r t h have you b e e n doing? You are cov
T Study and practise. ered in ink. Your clothes are r u i n e d .
1. Jill: I'm going to wash t h e windows. I haven't w a s h e d t h e m Little boy: We've b e e n playing Cowboys a n d I n d i a n s .
Mother: You mean you've been throwing ink around.
for two m o n t h s .
W h a t ' s ink got to do with cowboys?
Steve: A n d I ' m going to clean t h e car. I haven't cleaned it
Little boy: Well, I've b e e n playing with a water pistol a n d my
since your birthday.
a m m u n i t i o n was ink.
Jill: I'd like to go to t h e t h e a t r e t h i s weekend. We haven't
b e e n t o t h e t h e a t r e since " H a m l e t " . 5. I have just received a letter from my b r o t h e r T i m . H e ' s in
Steve: A n d would you like to go to a disco on Saturday? We Australia. He has been t h e r e for six m o n t h s . T i m is an engineer. He
haven't b e e n to a disco since N e w Year. is working for a big firm a n d he has already visited a great n u m b e r of
Jill: N o , I d o n ' t w a n t to go to a disco. I'd prefer to go different places in Australia. He h a s just b o u g h t an Australian c a r a n d
to t h e c i n e m a . But at t h e m o m e n t I want to do t h e has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in t h e c e n t r e of Australia. He
housework. Would you like to help me? will soon visit D a r w i n . F r o m t h e r e he will fly to P e r t h . My b r o t h e r h a s
Steve: N o t really. I'd like a d r i n k . never b e e n abroad before, so he is finding t h i s trip very exciting.
Self Check
Translate into English.
1. В и к т о р т о л ь к о ч т о в е р н у л с я из Л о н д о н а . Я не видел его
с п р о ш л о г о года. 2. С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и ты ж е н а т ? — Т р и года.
Unit 5
3. Ты к о г д а - н и б у д ь ч и т а л а н г л и й с к и е к н и г и в о р и г и н а л е ? — Нет.
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect Continuous
Я и з у ч а ю а н г л и й с к и й я з ы к т о л ь к о п о л г о д а . 4. Где ты б ы л ? Я ж д у
and Present Perfect compared
т е б я с п я т и ч а с о в . 5. Ч е м ты с е й ч а с з а н и м а е ш ь с я ? — Я уже д в а
ч а с а п е р е в о ж у с т а т ь ю . 6. Я д а в н о не в и ж у т в о ю сестру. — О н а
уже ц е л ы й м е с я ц н а х о д и т с я в К р ы м у . 7. К т о в з я л м о й словарь? Illustrative Situations
Я уже п о л ч а с а и щ у его. 8. Я устал. Ц е л ы й д е н ь я р а б о т а л в саду.
9. С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и ты г о т о в и ш ь с я к э к з а м е н а м ? — Уже м е с я ц . T Study and practise.
10. Р о б е р т а н е т с е г о д н я н а з а н я т и я х . О н уже д в е н е д е л и болеет. A. 1. A n n ' s clothes are covered with p a i n t . She has b e e n p a i n t i n g
11. К а к д а в н о т ы з а н и м а е ш ь с я к о л л е к ц и о н и р о в а н и е м м а р о к ? — the ceiling. (We are interested in the action.)
Д е с я т ь лет. 12. Ч е м ты з а н и м а л с я все э т о в р е м я ? — С м о т р е л теле
в и з о р . 13. Ты д а в н о здесь с и д и ш ь ? — С д е с я т и ч а с о в . 14. М о й брат 2. T h e ceiling was white. N o w it's blue. She h a s p a i n t e d t h e ceil
в М о с к в е . Он не п и ш е т м н е уже ц е л ы й м е с я ц . 15. Я не в с т р е ч а ю ing. (We are interested in the result, not the action.)
Н и к а с тех п о р , к а к м ы с д а л и п о с л е д н и й э к з а м е н . 16. С т у д е н т ы
3. T o m ' s h a n d s are very dirty. He h a s b e e n repairing t h e car. T h e
т о л ь к о ч т о у ш л и . О н и н а х о д и л и с ь здесь весь д е н ь .
c a r is going again now. T o m has repaired it.
4. You've b e e n s m o k i n g t o o m u c h recently. You should smoke

less.
S o m e b o d y has smoked all my cigarettes. T h e packet is empty.
5. A n n h a s b e e n writing letters all day. She has written ten letters

today.
В. 1. Bank Manager: C o m e in. You're Mr C a r s o n , a r e n ' t you? Please

sit d o w n .
Mr Carson: T h a n k you.
Bank Manager: W h a t c a n 1 do for you, Mr C a r s o n ?
Mr Carson: Well, I want to borrow some money.
Bank Manager: W h a t for?
Mr Carson: I w a n t to buy a car. I've b e e n saving for two
years.
Bank Manager: A h , how m u c h have you saved?
Mr Carson: I've saved about four thousand p o u n d s .
2. Judith: W h a t are you reading?

Maureen: " T h e G o d f a t h e r " . It's about Mafia in A m e r i c a .
J o h n told me to read it.
Judith: It's a very long book.
Maureen: I know. I've been reading it for a m o n t h , a n d
I haven't finished it yet!
Judith: H o w m a n y pages have you read? Practice

Maureen: About 400. I d o n ' t like long books.
Judith: N e i t h e r do I. /. Complete the situations. Do it, as in the example.
3. Karen: Hello, Jenny. Are you still working? It's t i m e for Tom is reading a book. He started reading two hours ago and he
lunch. is on page 5 3 .
Jenny: I know. But I haven't finished these letters yet. He has been reading for two hours. He has read 53 pages so far.
T h e y ' r e i m p o r t a n t . M r Power w a n t s t h e m this
1. C a p t a i n H a y is a " m i l l i o n - m i l e " pilot. He started flying 20 years
afternoon.
ago. 2. It is a 3-mile walk from Bob's house to t h e city c e n t r e . He start
Karen: H o w long have you b e e n typing? ed an h o u r ago a n d he h a s just reached it. 3. L a u r a started t h e w a s h i n g
Jenny: Since n i n e o'clock. I d i d n ' t stop for coffee. m a c h i n e up an h o u r ago. T h e r e are now 30 clean shirts in t h e basket.
Karen: H o w m a n y have you done? 4. You are just finishing t h e 5th a n d last page of homework. You sat
Jenny: Most of t h e m . T h e r e are only two left. d o w n at t h e writing desk two h o u r s ago. 5. T h e tourist c a m e i n t o t h e
Karen: Well, do t h e m after l u n c h . old town an h o u r ago. He is leaving now with 60 new p h o t o g r a p h s .
Jenny: N o . I'll do t h e m now. 6. T h e t r a n s l a t o r started an h o u r ago. Six letters are ready now. 7. Bill
Karen: O K . See you this afternoon. is smoking. W h e n he started s m o k i n g t h e r e were 20 cigarettes in the
packet. H e ' s s m o k i n g his last cigarette.
4. Attendant: Petrol, sir?
Motorist: Please ... fill it u p . 2. Ask questions.
Attendant: W h i c h grade?
a) — I've been picking pears.
Motorist: F o u r star. It's nearly empty. I've b e e n driving all
— How many have you picked?
day.
Attendant: O h , how far have you driven? b) — H e ' s been making a lot of money.
Motorist: About 400 miles. I've driven from Scotland. — How much has he made?
Attendant: O h , t h a t ' s a long way. Shall I check t h e oil a n d
1. I've been p l a n t i n g apple trees. 2. I've b e e n m a k i n g cakes. 3. H e ' s
water?
b e e n writing letters. 4. I've b e e n saving money. 5. I've b e e n i r o n i n g
Motorist: Please.
shirts. 6. A n n ' s b e e n losing weight. 7. Sue has b e e n w a s h i n g blankets.
С. 1. Peter c a m e back to E n g l a n d a m o n t h ago. He h a s b e e n stay 8. H e ' s b e e n selling tea. 9. H e ' s b e e n collecting s t a m p s . 10. I've b e e n
ing with T o m a n d Susan since t h e n . He h a s b e e n looking for a j o b for c u t t i n g sandwiches. 11. M a r y ' s b e e n s e n d i n g out invitations. 12. I've
a m o n t h but has not found o n e yet. " S o m e employers d o n ' t like people been taking photographs.
with long hair," T o m says. " P e r h a p s you'd better get a h a i r c u t ! "
3. Make sentences using the words and word combinations given.
[У] W h e n did Peter c o m e back to E n g l a n d ? H o w long h a s he b e e n
r
staying with T o m a n d Susan? H o w long h a s he b e e n looking I've been ... f° .... but I haven't... yet.
since
for a job? H a s he found o n e yet?
a) job/three weeks
2. Julia is going to meet her boyfriend. She h a s b e e n waiting for the I've been looking for a job for three weeks, but I haven't found
bus for some t i m e but it has not c o m e yet. She is going to be late again one yet.
if it does not c o m e soon. A taxi h a s just c o m e r o u n d t h e corner. Perhaps b) the bus/9 o'clock
she had better take it. I've been waiting for the bus since 9 o'clock, but it hasn't come yet.
|У] W h a t is Julia going to do? W h a t is she doing now? H o w long? 1. my homework/half an hour; 2. the train/twenty minutes; 3. the
W h a t is going to h a p p e n if the bus does not c o m e soon? W h a t concert/7.30; 4. the p o s t m a n / 8 o'clock; 5. this book/ 2 weeks; 6. English/18
has just h a p p e n e d ? W h a t had she better do? m o n t h s ; 7. this letter/6 o'clock; 8. a sports car/last C h r i s t m a s
±
Fluency I (cook) it for nearly an hour. 6. W h a t you (do) for t h e last two hours? —
I (sit) here working at this problem. 7. I (lose) my key. C a n you help
• Study and practise. me look for it? 8. You look tired. You (work) hard? 9. My brother is an
actor. He (appear) in several films. 10. Hello! I (clean) the windows. So
1. Steve: Hello, P a m . W h a t are you all doing?
far I (clean) five of t h e m a n d there are two more to do. 11. Sorry! I'm
Pam: O h , hello, Steve. W h a t a surprise! Jeff's outside. H e ' s
late. — T h a t ' s all right. I (not, wait) long.
cleaning t h e car. In fact, he h a s b e e n c l e a n i n g it for
over an hour, but he h a s n ' t Finished yet.
Steve: A n d where are t h e children? Well, I c a n h e a r w h a t
K a t e ' s doing. 1. Ц е л ы й в е ч е р я п и ш у п и с ь м о . Я уже н а п и с а л а п я т ь с т р а н и ц .
Pam: Yes, she's b e e n practising t h e violin since after l u n c h . 2 . М ы п и ш е м к о н т р о л ь н у ю р а б о т у уже 4 5 м и н у т . Н е к о т о р ы е сту
A n d Mark's i n t h e garden. H e h a s b e e n p a i n t i n g t h e д е н т ы уже з а к о н ч и л и ее. 3. Ты д а в н о ж д е ш ь м е н я ? — Нет, я толь
fence all a f t e r n o o n . He hates it. He h a s only p a i n t e d ко что пришел. 4. Чем вы з а н и м а л и с ь сегодня утром? — С а ж а л и
half of it. д е р е в ь я в саду. — С к о л ь к о д е р е в ь е в вы п о с а д и л и ? — С е м ь .
Steve: A n d what are you d o i n g , P a m ? 5. Я п е р е в о ж у с т а т ь ю уже д в а ч а с а , но е щ е не п е р е в е л а ее.
Pam: Well, n o t h i n g at t h e m o m e n t b u t I've b e e n reading a
new novel by M a r g a r e t Drabble. I haven't finished it
yet, b u t it's very interesting. I c a n r e c o m m e n d it. In
fact I've read all her novels. She's my favourite author.
A n d w h a t ' s Jill doing?
Steve: She's busy. In fact, she's b e e n working all day. She h a s
to p r e p a r e a test for tomorrow.
Pam: Well, how a b o u t a nice c u p of coffee?
2. Brian: O h , hello. I've b e e n in t h e library.

Steve: A n d what have you b e e n doing there?
Brian: I've b e e n r e a d i n g a b o o k about e d u c a t i o n in E n g l a n d
for o u r lesson t o m o r r o w . I ' m going h o m e now.
Steve: It h a s b e e n r a i n i n g again, b u t it's s t o p p e d now.
Brian: Well, I've got an umbrella in my briefcase, in case it
starts again. W h a t are you d o i n g now?
Steve: I ' m waiting for M i k e . I have b e e n waiting for over t e n
m i n u t e s . O h , look. T h e r e he is now.
Mike: Hello, sorry, I ' m a bit late. I've d o n e s o m e shopping.
Have you b e e n waiting long?
Self Check
1. Fill in with Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.
1. L o o k ! S o m e b o d y (break) t h e window. 2. I wonder if J o h n (for

get) my n u m b e r . I (expect) h i m to call for t h e past two h o u r s . 3. You
look very upset. W h a t ( h a p p e n ) ? 4. You (not, finish) t h a t b o o k yet?
You (read) it for m o r e t h a n a week. 5. T h e m e a t must be nearly ready.
UNIT 6 63
1. M a r y got a j o b in the b a n k 5 years ago. She left the j o b last week.

2. Tom got a j o b in the b a n k 10 years ago. He's still there. 3. I started
teaching 6 years ago. As you can see I'm still a teacher. 4. My grand-
_____
father b e c a m e a teacher at 20. He was still one when he died 40
Unit 6 years later. 5. Betty opened the book at 6. She put it down again at
12. 6. Peter opened that book 6 hours ago and he hasn't closed it yet!
G R A M M A R : Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous 7. My brother started coughing at this time last year. He still has the
cough. 8. T h e baby started crying a n d stopped an hour later.
and Past Simple compared
2. Respond to the following statements.
a) — I last smoked a cigarette a month ago.
T Study and practise. — You haven't smoked a cigarette for a month.
1. Patrick O ' C o n n o r was b o r n in D u b l i n . He lived there until he b) — They last came to see us at Christmas.
was 18. He went to India for five years. T h e n he spent another five — They haven't come to see us since Christmas.
years in C a n a d a . Five years ago he c a m e to L o n d o n where he is living
1. I last played football ten years ago. 2. He last ate at 6 o'clock
now.
this m o r n i n g . 3. We last had a holiday three years ago. 4. It last rained
He lived in D u b l i n for 18 years. T h e n he lived in India for five t h r e e weeks ago. 5. I last had a bath a week ago. 6. Mr Fox last wrote
years a n d in C a n a d a for five years. He has been living in L o n d o n for to me in February. 7. I last won a race five years ago. 8. We last went
the last five years. to the theatre three m o n t h s ago. 9. I last called Mike on Tuesday.
fyi W h e r e was Patrick born? H o w long did he live in India and 10. I last rode a bicycle ten years ago. 11. He last wrote to me when
Canada? W h e r e is he now? H o w long has he been in London? I was in America. 12. W h e n I last met h i m he was 15 years old.
3. Ask questions with how long and when.

2. Two people are waiting at the bus stop. It is 9.30. T h e y are
waiting for the 9.10 bus. O n e person is very angry. " T h i s bus is never It is raining.
on time!" he says. "I've been waiting for it for twenty m i n u t e s now. How long has it been raining?
Yesterday I waited half an hour for it!" When did it start raining?
1. A n n is learning Italian. 2. Paul is preparing for his exam. 3. T h e

ryi W h a t are the people doing? How late is the bus? W h a t does one
J o h n s o n s are travelling around France. 4. Bill is doing his homework.
of the people say? How long has the m a n been waiting for the
5. Bob a n d Alice are married. 6. Mr M o r g a n is in Moscow on business.
bus? How long did he wait for it yesterday?
7. It is snowing. 8. Lucy is s w i m m i n g .
Practice 4. Ask and answer questions using the words and word combinations
below.
/. Notice the change in form as the situation changes.
a) write to Peter/ages
a) Mary got to the station at 9. The train came at 10. — When did you last write to Peter?
She waited for an hour. — Oh, I haven't written to him for ages.
b) Peter got to the station at 9. It is 12 now and the train hasn't b) see Tom/January
come yet. — When did you last see Tom?
He has been waiting for 3 hours. — I haven't seen him since January.
J I •
1. drive a car/two years; 2. shave/summer; 3. speak to Bill/we t h e shelf u n d e r t h e d a s h b o a r d . T h a n k s , M u m .

quarrelled; 4. h e a r from N i c k / O c t o b e r ; 5. fly by plane/ages; 6. c a t c h
a fish/weeks; 7. eat o u t / m y birthday; 8. discuss t h e matter/a m o n t h ;
9. take p a r t in a c o m p e t i t i o n / I was at school; 10. sleep w e l l / m o n t h s Self Check
5. Complete the utterances.
1. Mr Clark (work) in a b a n k for 15 years. T h e n he gave it u p .
a) I know Tom. I first met him six months ago. I have . . . .
2. M a r y lives in D u b l i n . She (live) t h e r e all her life. 3. Bob a n d Alice
I have known Tom for six months.
are m a r r i e d . T h e y (be) m a r r i e d for 20 years. 4. W h e n we (be) on
b) It started raining at 2 o'clock. It has . . . . holiday t h e weather (be) awful. 5. T h e weather (be) very nice recently,
It has been raining since 2 o'clock. d o n ' t you t h i n k ? 6. I d o n ' t k n o w C a r o l ' s h u s b a n d . I never (meet) h i m .
7. Yesterday I met my s c h o o l m a t e . We (speak) about o u r school years
1. T o m ' s ill. He b e c a m e ill t h r e e days ago. He h a s ... . 2. We have for an hour. 8. H o w ' s your son getting on at school? — I d o n ' t really
b e e n m a r r i e d for five years. We got ... . 3. J i m h a s a beard. He grew it know. I (not, speak) to t h e t e a c h e r s for some t i m e .
t e n years ago. He h a s ... . 4. P a u l h a s b e e n in F r a n c e for t h r e e weeks.
He went ... . 5. He h a s h a d his c a r since February. He b o u g h t ... . 2. Translate into English.
6. Dick last wrote to me a m o n t h ago. He h a s n ' t ... . 7. K a t e c a m e to
t h e university at 9. She h a s ... . 8. It started snowing at 11. It h a s ... . 1. Вчера мы с А н е й д о г о в о р и л и с ь п о й т и в к и н о . Я п р о ж д а л а
9. I have b e e n collecting s t a m p s for t e n years. I began ... . ее п о л ч а с а у к и н о т е а т р а , но о н а не п р и ш л а . Я не з н а ю , ч т о с н е й
с л у ч и л о с ь . 2. К о г д а ты в п о с л е д н и й р а з в и д е л Р о б е р т а ? — Я не
в и д е л его уже д в е н е д е л и . 3. К а к д о л г о ты ж е н а т ? — Я ж е н и л с я т р и
Fluency
года н а з а д . 4. Где ты о т д ы х а л п р о ш л ы м л е т о м ? — На К а в к а з е . —
T Study and practise. С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и ты т а м п р о б ы л ! — О к о л о м е с я ц а . 5. Вчера я
в е р н у л с я д о м о й с р а б о т ы в 6 ч а с о в , отдохнул о к о л о часа, а з а т е м
1. Jill: H o w ' s P a m ? I haven't seen her in town lately.
п о ш е л н а в е с т и т ь друга. 6. Где к л ю ч ? Я и щ у его уже п о л ч а с а .
Jeff: O h , she's fine. She h a s b e e n very busy. Last week she
7. Ты д а в н о здесь н а х о д и ш ь с я ? — Я п р и ш е л с ю д а ч а с н а з а д . — Ты
s t a r t e d an office job, only for s u m m e r m o n t h s . She
в с т р е т и л В и к т о р а ? — Д а , мы п о г о в о р и л и с н и м м и н у т д е с я т ь , и
h a s never worked in an office before, so it's difficult
он у ш е л . 8. С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и у т е б я э т о т а в т о м о б и л ь ? — П я т ь лет.
for her. She h a s o n l y b e e n there a week, but she has
9. С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и вы ж и в е т е в М о с к в е ? — С 1978 года.
already learnt a lot about office life.
2. Mike: Have you seen my new tie, M u m ?

Mother: W h i c h new tie?
Mike: T h e red o n e I bought in L o n d o n a couple of weeks ago.
I wore it to the d i n n e r p a r t y at t h e D a w s o n s ' place on
Saturday a n d I haven't w o r n it or seen it since.
Mother: N o , I d o n ' t t h i n k I've seen it this week, but have you
looked for it properly? I expect you t h r e w it carelessly
i n t o t h e back of t h e w a r d r o b e after t h e p a r t y — t h e
way you usually do.
Mike: I've looked for it everywhere.
Mother: You probably wore it when you went out with Janet on
Friday.
Mike: A h ! I r e m e m b e r now. It was a bit hot a n d I took my tie
off in t h e car on t h e way h o m e . I suppose it's still on

UNIT 7 67
Mrs Fenton: T h a n k you, Sarah... you look very well, too. A n d

the children... they're both so tall!
Mrs Hunt: Well... you haven't seen t h e m for five years.
Mr Hunt: Sarah, you've forgotten to introduce Sheila.
Unit 7 Mrs Hunt: I'm very sorry. Carol, we've brought a friend
with us. This is Sheila Morgan. She hasn't vis-
G R A M M A R : Review of tenses ited London before.
Mrs Fenton: Hello, Sheila.
Sheila: How do you do, M r s Fenton?
Mrs Fenton: Please call me Carol. N o w sit down everyone.
• Study and practise. I've m a d e some tea. It's in the kitchen. C a n
Jane help me?
1. Steve: W h a t have you been doing?
Mrs Hunt: Of course, she can.
Jill: I've been preparing lessons for tomorrow, but I've fin-
ished now. W h a t have you been doing? 4. Mrs Fenton: How long have you been here?
Steve: I've been watching a very interesting p r o g r a m m e Mrs Hunt: We've been here since Sunday. Today's
on television about education in C h i n a . It's just fin- Wednesday... we've been here for t h r e e days.
ished. Mrs Fenton: A n d what have you seen since Sunday?
Jill: Oh, dear, t h e n I've missed it. I thought it was on t o - Mrs Hunt: We've been very busy but we haven't seen very
morrow, not today. T h a t was P a m on the phone ten m a n y things. London's so big! We've seen some
minutes ago. She's been sewing new curtains all the of the sights and we've shopped in Oxford
evening, and Jeffs been painting radiators. Apparently, Street.
they've been working hard all the week. By the way, Mrs Fenton: A n d have you bought anything?
have you put the car in the garage? Mrs Hunt: I've seen a few nice things but I haven't bought
Steve: Yes, why? H a s it been raining again? a n y t h i n g yet.
Mrs Fenton: I ' m going to Oxford Street on Friday. C o m e
Situation 1. You had a very busy day at the office and stayed there with me. I know the good shops.
later than usual. You are at home at last. Your wife wants to know what
5. Mrs Hunt: How are your sons?
kept you late. You ask what she and the kids have been doing.
Mrs Fenton: Tim's living with us.
2. Carol Fenton: I ' m Carol F e n t o n . I'm M r s H u n t ' s sister. T h i s Mrs Hunt: H a s he finished University yet?
evening my sister's family is c o m i n g to celebrate my nephew's birthday. Mrs Fenton: Yes, he has. He's worked here in L o n d o n for
I've p l a n n e d a small party but Simon doesn't know about it yet. It's a eighteen m o n t h s .
surprise. I ' m very excited. I haven't seen Sarah's family for five years. Mrs Hunt: W h a t does he do?
My husband and I are from Bristol but we haven't lived there for eight Mrs Fenton: He works in an export company. He's worked
years. M a n y of our friends still live in Bristol. Next m o n t h we're going there since January.
there to visit my husband's family. We're staying at his brother's house. Mrs Hunt: A n d what does C h r i s do?
All my relatives are going, too. Mrs Fenton: He works in D a d ' s c o m p a n y in Bristol.
3. Mr Fenton: Someone's at the door, Carol. 6. Tom: Is everything ready?

Mrs Fenton: Is everything ready? Sue: N o , I haven't bought the melon yet.
Mr Fenton: Yes, dear, everything's fine. Answer the door. Tom: Are there any sandwiches?
Mrs Fenton: Hello! I'm so happy to see you. C o m e in! Sue: Yes ... well... no. I've bought the bread but
Mrs Hunt: Carol, you look very well. I haven't m a d e the sandwiches yet.
Тот: Have you m a d e t h e pies? Self Check

Sue: N o , I haven't m a d e t h e m yet.
/. Complete the sentences. Use from ... to/until, since, for.
Tom: Is t h e w i n e here?
Sue: N o , it h a s n ' t arrived a n d t h e shop's closed now. 1. Mr a n d M r s Kelly have b e e n m a r r i e d ... 1980. 2. We waited ...
h a l f an h o u r but t h e y d i d n ' t c o m e . 3. H o w long have you b e e n here?
7. M a r y ' s interview with Pablo
— ... h a l f past eight. 4. J o h n a n d I are g o o d friends. We have k n o w n
Mary: W h e r e do you c o m e from, Pablo?
e a c h o t h e r ... t e n years. 5. We lived in C a n a d a ... 1985 ... 1991. We
Pablo: I c o m e from Barcelona, Spain.
c a m e to J a p a n in 1991. We have lived in J a p a n ... 1991. 6. I've lived
Mary: W h y did you c o m e to E n g l a n d ?
in t h i s h o u s e ... 1 was seven years old. 7. W h e r e have you b e e n ? I've
Pablo: I wanted to study Computer Science at London
b e e n w a i t i n g for you ... t w e n t y m i n u t e s . 8. We w a t c h e d television ...
University. two h o u r s last n i g h t . 9. I h a v e n ' t seen S u s a n ... t h r e e m o n t h s . 10. Bill
Mary: H o w long have you b e e n here? was a t e a c h e r ... 1992 ... 1999. N o w he's a salesperson. He h a s b e e n a
Pablo: Two years. I have j u s t finished my s e c o n d year at t h e s a l e s p e r s o n ... 1999. 11. He h a s n ' t b e e n in B r i t a i n all his life. He lived
university. in I n d i a ... four years. 12. It h a s b e e n r a i n i n g ... I got u p . 13. I felt
Mary: Have you ever lived in a foreign c o u n t r y before? really ill last n i g h t . I c o u l d n ' t eat a n y t h i n g ... t h r e e days. 14. " H o w
Pablo: N o , I haven't. I have visited o t h e r c o u n t r i e s of c o u r s e , long have you k n o w n A n n ? " "... we were at school t o g e t h e r . " 15. J a c k
but only for holidays. T h i s is t h e first t i m e I've ever s t a r t e d a new j o b a few weeks ago. Before t h a t he was o u t of work ...
lived in a n o t h e r country. six m o n t h s .
Mary: H o w are you getting on? Have you h a d problems with
t h e language? 2. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
Pablo: N o t really. My m o t h e r is English a n d we speak E n g l i s h
1. It still (rain) w h e n I ( c o m e ) in j u s t now. It (rain) all m o r n i n g .
a n d S p a n i s h at h o m e .
2. I (sit) h e r e w a i t i n g for you for n e a r l y an h o u r . I a l r e a d y ( d r i n k )
Mary: W h a t do you like most about living in E n g l a n d ?
four w h i s k i e s . 3. W h a t you (do) all t h i s t i m e ? I ( n o t , see) you for
Pablo: T h e people. I've m a d e a lot of friends here.
weeks. 4. T h e y ( n o t , work) for several days now. T h e y (be) t o o ill.
Mary: W h a t do you dislike about living here? 5. It ( n o t , r a i n ) for a m o n t h now. T h e grass is very dry. 6. I (go) to
Pablo: T h e weather, of course! E n g l a n d is very cold a n d t h i s p u b every e v e n i n g for t h e last t e n years. 7. P e t e r (write) letters
rainy. A n d t h e food at t h e university is awful. I've h a d since t w o o'clock. He a l r e a d y (write) five letters. 8. I (sleep) for t h e
s o m e lovely E n g l i s h food in r e s t a u r a n t s , t h o u g h . last t w o h o u r s a n d I ( n o t , wake) up p r o p e r l y yet. 9. I (buy) a new tie
Mary: A r e you going to stay here long? last week, b u t I ( n o t , wear) it yet. 10. He a l r e a d y (see) t h a t film. He
Pablo: At least two m o r e years, until I have c o m p l e t e d my (see) i t w h e n h e (be) i n L o n d o n . 11. " W h e n you ( m e e t ) M r S m i t h ? "
course. " I ( m e e t ) h i m t h e day before yesterday." 12. " Y o u ever (speak) t o
Mary: W h a t are you going to do after university? W h a t are h i m ? " "Yes. I (speak) to h i m before t h e p a r t y . " 13. P e t e r (live) in
your ambitions? G r e e c e for t h e last t h r e e years. He (live) in Africa before he (go)
Pablo: I ' m going to set up my o w n business. I w a n t to design to G r e e c e . 14. I j u s t (have) my l u n c h . I (finish) e a t i n g five m i n u t e s
ago. 15. I (make) five m i s t a k e s so far today. Yesterday I o n l y ( m a k e )
a n d sell c o m p u t e r games.
t h r e e m i s t a k e s altogether. 16. I never (play) rugby in my life, b u t
Mary: Well, good luck, Pablo. I h o p e you will succeed.
I (play) football w h e n I (be) at s c h o o l . 17. I ( n o t , h e a r ) from K a t e
Situation 2. You've come to Moscow on business. You've got accom since she (go) a b r o a d . 18. On S u n d a y I was at t h e b e a c h . I (lie) in
modation at the Minsk hotel. You are sharing the room with another per t h e s u n for t w o h o u r s . 19. " Y o u ever (travel) by s e a ? " "Yes, I (go)
to B a t u m i by sea last year." 20. " W h a t a lovely old village O v e r t o n
son who came to Moscow two days ago. You introduce yourself and have
is! You (live) h e r e l o n g ? " "I (live) h e r e all my life. I (be b o r n ) in
a talk with your neighbour.
O v e r t o n . " " Y o u (be) to o t h e r c o u n t r i e s ? " "Yes, I (go) to F r a n c e t w o — Х о р о ш а я и д е я . Н и к г о в о р и т , ч т о о н в и д е л и н т е р е с н ы й де

y e a r s a g o . " 21. " H e l l o , M r T h o m p s o n . G l a d t o see you i n L o n d o n . т е к т и в в к и н о т е а т р е «Россия». Х о ч е ш ь п о с м о т р е т ь его?
H o w long you (be) h e r e ? " " O h , o n l y a few days. I (arrive) h e r e on — Да, я очень люблю детективы.
M o n d a y . " " I s it y o u r first visit to L o n d o n ? " " N o , I (be) h e r e several
t i m e s before." " Y o u (see) m a n y p l a c e s o f i n t e r e s t i n L o n d o n ? " "Yes, 5. — К о г д а ты о к о н ч и л и н с т и т у т ?
— В 1990 году.
q u i t e a lot." 22. C h a r l e s a n d B a r b a r a W i l l i a m s (live) at a village
c a l l e d H a r p o l e . T h e y o n l y (live) t h e r e for a few weeks. T h e y (arrive) — С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и т ы р а б о т а е ш ь н а э т о м заводе?
o n 2 8 A u g u s t a n d t h e y quickly ( a r r a n g e ) t h e f u r n i t u r e i n t h e i r new — П я т ь лет.
h o u s e . T h e y ( n o t , m a k e ) m a n y friends yet, b u t t h e y ( t h i n k ) t h a t t h e y — Где ты р а б о т а л р а н ь ш е ?
s o o n will. T h e n e i g h b o u r s (be) very k i n d s o far, a n d M r W i l l i a m s — В научно-исследовательском институте.

(invite) s o m e of t h e m to a p a r t y he ( h o l d ) next week. H i s friends
from L o n d o n a n d Oxford ( c o m e ) t o t h e p a r t y . T h e W i l l i a m s family
(live) i n L o n d o n before t h e y (come) t o H a r p o l e . M r W i l l i a m s (not,
like) living in L o n d o n . W h i l e he (visit) s o m e friends in S o u t h a m p t o n
last year, he (meet) a c o m p a n y d i r e c t o r w h o (offer) h i m a j o b . M r s
W i l l i a m s (want) to stay in L o n d o n , b u t w h e n t h e y (arrive) in t h e vil
lage, t h e s u n (shine) a n d she ( b e g i n ) t o enjoy h e r c o u n t r y s u r r o u n d
ings. 23. J a c k (look) a t h i s w a t c h for t h e t w e n t i e t h t i m e . S u d d e n l y
Jill (arrive). "I (wait) for over an h o u r , " he (say) angrily. " Y o u never
c o m e o n t i m e . " " O h , i s t h a t s o ? " Jill a n s w e r e d . " Y o u (be) h e r e a t
2 . 3 0 ? " J a c k (go) red. " W e l l , " he (say), "I (get) h e r e five m i n u t e s late
myself, b u t you ( n o t , be) h e r e . " "I (come) h e r e at exactly 2.30," Jill
said, " a n d (wait) for five m i n u t e s , b u t you ( n o t , c o m e ) . " " W h a t you
(do) s i n c e t h e n ? " J a c k (ask). " I j u s t (be) t o t h e h a i r d r e s s e r ' s , " Jill
answered brightly.
1. — Вас ж д е т м и с т е р С м и т .
— Он д а в н о ждет?
— Около двадцати минут.
— П у с т ь войдет.
2. — Где п и с ь м а ? Я хочу о т п р а в и т ь их с е г о д н я .
— Секретарь только что их принесла. Она печатала ц е л ы й
день.
3. — М о г у я п о г о в о р и т ь с м и с т е р о м В о р о н о в ы м ?
— Б о ю с ь , ч т о нет. О н т о л ь к о ч т о в ы ш е л .
4. — Д а в а й с х о д и м в к и н о . Мы не б ы л и в к и н о уже ц е л у ю
вечность.
UNIT 8 73
e) How to express encouragement and consolation:

Cheer up!
Don't worry (about it).
Everything will be all right.
Unit 8 Never mind!
Take it easy!
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Socializing Let's hope for the best.
Forget it!
a) How to greet an acquaintance: f) How to express surprise, incredulity:

Hello, (Mr South). How are you? Is he? (Has she? Do they? etc.)
(Good) morning, (Mrs Ford). How are you feeling? Isn't he? (Hasn't she? Don't they? etc.)
afternoon, (Alan). How are you getting on? Really? Is he really ...? (Does she really ...?)
evening, (Pam). How are things? (informal) Do you really mean it?
How's life? (informal)
What?
Never! Well, I never!
b) How to reply to a greeting:
Oh no! / No!
very well, That is a surprise!
(Mr South),
fine, What a surprise!
(Mrs Ford), all right, thanks. And you?
Oh, hello, Good gracious!
(Alan), pretty good,
(Pam), Good heavens!
not too bad, Dear me! (Oh, dear!)
You can't be serious.
c) How to respond to good news and express pleasure, joy, excitement,
That's incredible!
delight, admiration. I don't believe it!
A: Bill has won the race!
B: I ' m glad (pleased) to hear that. g) How to express annoyance:
Oh, no!
That's good/marvellous/great/terrific, etc.!
How exciting/thrilling/wonderful, etc.! How (very) annoying!
Fantastic! What a nuisance!
Really!
h) How to express disappointment:
d) How to respond to bad news and express sympathy. I was rather (very) disappointed.
A: How's your brother? Oh, how (very) disappointing!
B: N o t too good, I ' m afraid. That's disappointing.
A: I ' m sorry to hear that. Oh, no! (Oh,) what a pity!
awful! That is a shame!
How What a shame!
Oh, no! terrible!
That's That's too bad.
dreadful!
a pity! i) How to take your leave:
What
a shame!
That's Goodbye.
bad luck! I must be off.
Well, Bye./Bye-bye. (informal)
Tom! I must be going.
Poor See you later/soon/tomorrow, etc.
thing!
How to send someone your regards: A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
Give my regards to of course. К а к т ы себя ч у в с т в у е ш ь с е г о д н я ? С п а с и б о , х о р о ш о . У ж а с н а я

Regards to (John). and OK.
Yes, погода, н е т а к л и ? К а к П и т ? Уже п о п р а в и л с я после г р и п п а ? Е м у
Remember me to your (wife). reply I will.
намного лучше. П р и я т н о слышать об этом. Это хорошая новость.
Love to the family. Thanks.
Т ы с л ы ш а л о К л э р ? О ч е в и д н о , о н а н е сдала в ы п у с к н ы е э к з а м е н ы .
Не уверен, правда ли это. Д о л ж н о быть, она очень расстроена.
T Listen, read and practise. М е ж д у п р о ч и м , ты с о б и р а е ш ь с я к С а й м о н у на вечер в суббо
ту? В е р о я т н о я у в и ж у тебя т а м . П е р е д а й п р и в е т П и т у . Ей всегда
Conversation 1 н р а в и л с я д ж а з . Т ы , н а в е р н о е , ш у т и ш ь . Вот м о я о с т а н о в к а . Ч т о
с л у ч и л о с ь ? Б е д н а я К л э р ! Н е д у м а ю . П о - в и д и м о м у , да.
Sally is sitting on a bus, on her way to work. A friend of Peter's
from college — Brian S o u t h g a t e — gets on a n d sits d o w n beside her. B. Insert the missing phrases from the conversation.
It is r a i n i n g .
Sally: M o r n i n g , Brian. 1. — H o w are you feeling today?
Brian: M o r n i n g , Sally. H o w are you feeling today? — ... . A n d you?
Sally: F i n e , t h a n k s , Brian. A n d you? 2. — H o w ' s Peter? ... ?
Brian: O h , pretty good, t h a n k s . S h o c k i n g weather, isn't it? — O h , he is m u c h better, t h a n k s . T h e d o c t o r says ... .
Sally: Yes, terrible.
3. — Talking of news — ... ?
Brian: How's Peter now? H a s he got over t h e flue yet?
— N o , ... ?
Sally: O h , he is m u c h better, t h a n k s . T h e d o c t o r says he'll be
all right in a couple of days. 4. — By t h e way, are you going to S i m o n ' s p a r t y on Saturday?
Brian: O h , I ' m pleased to h e a r t h a t .
Sally: Yes, it is good news.
5. — Well, bye-bye a n d ... .
Brian: Talking of news — have you h e a r d a b o u t Claire? — . Bye.
Sally: N o , what's happened?
Brian: Well, I haven't seen her since t h e e n d of t h e t e r m , so C. Act out conversation I.
I ' m n o t sure if it's t r u e , b u t apparently, she's failed h e r
Conversation 2
Finals.
Sally: O h , n o ! P o o r Claire! She must be so upset!
John: M o r n i n g , Peter. How are you?
Brian: I d o n ' t expect so. She's already found a j o b in a j a z z Peter: F i n e , t h a n k s , J o h n . A n d you?
club. John: O h , I ' m all right. N i c e a n d w a r m today, isn't it?
Sally: You're n o t serious, are you? Peter: Yes, beautiful. F a m i l y О К . ?
Brian: O h , yes. She's always liked jazz. A h ! Here's my stop. (He John: Yes, they're fine, t h a n k s . A n d yours?
gets up.) By t h e way, are you going to S i m o n ' s p a r t y on Peter: Well, Sally's n o t g o o d at t h e m o m e n t . H e r m o t h e r was
Saturday? t a k e n to hospital last week, you know.
Sally: Yes, I expect so. John: O h , I ' m sorry to h e a r t h a t . She must be so upset.
Brian: G o o d . I'll probably see you there t h e n . Well, bye-bye Peter: Yes, she is.
a n d give my regards to Peter. John: By t h e way, have you h e a r d about t h e professor?
Sally: Yes, I will. Bye. Peter: N o , I d o n ' t t h i n k so. W h a t ' s h a p p e n e d ?
John: Well, I ' m not saying it's t r u e , but there's a r u m o u r going
[У| H o w are Brian a n d Sally getting on? How is Peter? W h a t r o u n d t h a t he is leaving.
has h a p p e n e d t o Claire? W h a t are t h e friends going t o d o o n Peter: It c a n ' t be t r u e ! N o t t h e professor! He was here for life,
Saturday? I thought.
J L
John: Well, t h a t ' s what they say. Anyway, I must be off now. [""?] H o w is Mr White? How are t h i n g s with Mr Smith? H o w is
G o t t o catch t h e t r a i n h o m e . G o o b y e ! R i c h a r d getting on? W h o did he go to t h e c o u n t r y with? Is he
Peter: Bye! O h , a n d give my regards to your wife, w o n ' t you? having a good t i m e there?
John: Yes, I will.
A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
[У| H o w are J o h n a n d his family? W h y is Sally not good at the

К а к поживаете? С п а с и б о , х о р о ш о . П о ж а л у й с т а , п р и с а ж и в а й
m o m e n t ? W h a t does J o h n inform Peter about? W h y must J o h n тесь. К а к о б с т о я т дела у вас? Б о ю с ь , ч т о не с л и ш к о м х о р о ш о и и д у т
be off? от плохого к худшему. Н а д е ю с ь , ч т о дела п о й д у т л у ч ш е . Д а в а й т е
н а д е я т ь с я н а л у ч ш е е . К а к и е н о в о с т и ? К а к п о ж и в а е т в а ш племян
A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following. н и к Р и ч а р д ? Ч е м б о л ь ш е о н т а м пробудет, тем л у ч ш е . С к о л ь к о
в р е м е н и о н с о б и р а е т с я т а м п р о б ы т ь ? Э т о п р и н о с и т ему пользу.
К а к п о ж и в а е ш ь ? В с е м ь е все х о р о ш о ? У н и х все х о р о ш о . Не Я т о ч н о не з н а ю . Он с е й ч а с в деревне у своего д я д и У и л ь я м а .
д у м а ю . Х о д и т слух ... В л ю б о м с л у ч а е м н е н у ж н о и д т и . Н е у ж е л и
B. Insert the missing phrases from the conversation.
э т о п р а в д а ? З н а е ш ь , е е м а т ь з а б р а л и в б о л ь н и ц у н а п р о ш л о й не
деле. Э т о то, ч т о говорят. Т ы с л ы ш а л о п р о ф е с с о р е ? П е р е д а в а й 1. — H o w are you?
привет жене.
2. - ... .
B. Act out conversation 2.
— P r e t t y good, t h a n k you.
Conversation 3 3. — A n d how are t h i n g s with you?
Mr Smith: G o o d a f t e r n o o n , Mr W h i t e , how are you?

Mr White: Very well, i n d e e d , t h a n k you, a n d how are you? 4. — I h o p e t h i n g s will soon improve.
Mr Smith: Q u i t e well, t h a n k you. W o n ' t you sit down? Have a — Yes ... .
cigarette, will you? 5. - ... .
Mr White: T h a n k you. — O h , R i c h a r d ' s getting on quite well, t h a n k you.
Mr Smith: Well, w h a t ' s t h e news, Mr White? H o w ' s business?
6. - ... ?
Mr White: P r e t t y good, t h a n k you. A n d how are t h i n g s with you?
— I d o n ' t k n o w exactly.
Mr Smith: Well, not t o o good, I ' m afraid, a n d going from bad to
worse. In fact, it's t h e worst year we've h a d for a long C. Give synonymous expressions for the following.
time.
1. H o w are you? 2. Very well i n d e e d , t h a n k you. 3. W o n ' t you sit
Mr White: I ' m sorry to h e a r t h a t . I h o p e t h i n g s will soon im
down? 4. Have a cigarette, will you? 5. H o w ' s your n e p h e w R i c h a r d
prove.
getting on?
Mr Smith: Yes, let's h o p e for t h e best. A n d how's your n e p h e w
R i c h a r d getting on? D. Act out conversation 3.
Mr White: O h , he's getting on quite well, t h a n k you. H e ' s staying
in t h e c o u n t r y just now with his U n c l e W i l l i a m a n d his E. Make a similar conversation and act it out with a partner in class.
cousins.
Conversation 4
Mr Smith: H o w long is he going to stay there?
Mr White: I d o n ' t know exactly, but he's having a very pleasant Mr Innes: C o m e in.
t i m e a n d it's doing h i m a lot of good, so t h e longer he Mike: Excuse m e , D a d , could you spare me a few min
stays, t h e better. utes?
Mr Innes: Of course. C o m e in a n d m a k e yourself comfortable. 2. — G o o d morning, Mr Ford.

Well, now, what c a n I do for you? — G o o d m o r n i n g , Mr D o b s o n . How do you like t h e w e a t h e r
Mike: I ' m afraid I'm in trouble. today?
Mr Innes: Sorry to h e a r t h a t . W h a t ' s h a p p e n e d ? — Absolutely wonderful, nice a n d w a r m . W h a t ' s t h e w e a t h e r
Mike: I've failed in m a t h s . forecast for t o m o r r o w ? Do you know?
Mr Innes: Bad luck! W h a t ' s wrong? As far as I know you're — Yes, it says it will be bright a n d sunny.
r a t h e r g o o d at m a t h s . — How nice! Goodbye.
Mike: T h a t ' s j u s t it. You see, I was so s u r e of myself t h a t — Bye-bye.
I d i d n ' t b o t h e r to revise a n y t h i n g . T h e n I h a d a bad 3. — Hello, J o h n . We haven't seen you for ages. W h e r e have you
h e a d a c h e t h a t day, a n d w h e n I c o u l d n ' t do t h e be been? H o m e ?
g i n n i n g of t h e p a p e r I ' m afraid I got i n t o a p a n i c . — I've b e e n visiting relatives.
Mr Innes: W h a t a n u i s a n c e ! Well, never m i n d . C h e e r u p , boy! — Whereabouts?
You're not t h e first student to fail in an e x a m . I've — I went to Stirling to see an u n c l e of m i n e .
failed in my t i m e , you know.
Mike: Have you? 4. — H o w do you d o , Mr Jones?
Mr Innes: Of c o u r s e , I have. A n d it d i d n ' t prevent me from get — H o w do you d o , Mr H a r d y ?
t i n g an h o n o u r s degree. It'll be the s a m e with you, — Sit d o w n , please. W h a t c a n I do for you?
— I've c o m e to Fix an a p p o i n t m e n t with you for my chief.
I ' m sure. D o n ' t worry.
— Will 10 o'clock suit h i m ?
pF| W h a t ' s w r o n g with Mike? Is his father d i s a p p o i n t e d at t h e — Perfectly.
news? Is t h e boy good at m a t h s ? W h y did he fail in m a t h s ? 5. — I've c o m e to say goodbye.
H o w does t h e father t r y to comfort t h e boy? — W h a t t i m e are you leaving?
— I ' m c a t c h i n g t h e 7.25.
A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following. — Well, goodbye a n d have a g o o d journey.
— G o o d b y e . R e m e m b e r me to your p a r e n t s .
Боюсь, что у м е н я н е п р и я т н о с т и . К а к а я досада! Я не сдал — I m u s t be going. I've got a lot of t h i n g s to do.
э к з а м е н по математике. И з в и н и м е н я . Ты не смог бы уделить — See you t o m o r r o w . It's b e e n nice to see you. G o o d b y e .
м н е н е с к о л ь к о м и н у т ? Н е в а ж н о , у с п о к о й с я . Ч е м я м о г у т е б е по — Goodbye.
м о ч ь ? Входи и у с т р а и в а й с я п о у д о б н е е . Ч т о с л у ч и л о с ь ? Я огор
6. — I must be off. I've got an a p p o i n t m e n t for Five.
ч е н . К а к о е н е в е з е н и е ! В ч е м дело? Не б е с п о к о й с я . В т о м - т о и
— My best regards to your wife.
дело.
— T h a n k you. G o o d b y e .
B. Act out conversation 4. 7. — H o w ' s J o h n ?
— Very m u c h t h e same.
Practice — How's Ron!
T Study and practise. — So, so.
1. — M o r n i n g , F r a n k . It's nice to see you. 8. — H o w are you getting on?

— Hello, J i m . H o w are things? — F i n e , t h a n k you. A n d how are you?
— P r e t t y good, t h a n k you. A n y news from h o m e ? — N o t t o o good, I'm afraid.
— No news. I ' m quite upset. — Why, what's h a p p e n e d ?
— C h e e r u p ! Everything will be O K . — My wife h a s fallen ill, you know.
9. — G o o d m o r n i n g , Bill. N i c e to see you. 5. — П р и в е т ! К а к п о ж и в а е ш ь ?

— Hello, Nick! Pleased to see you, t o o . H o w are you? — Неплохо, благодарю.
— Very well, t h a n k you. A n d you? — А к а к дела у т в о е г о брата?
— N o t bad, t h a n k s . — Хорошо.
— Р а д с л ы ш а т ь об э т о м .
1. Greet:
1. your t e a c h e r 2. your boss 3. your colleague 4. y o u r friend. 6. — Я д а в н о не в и ж у т в о ю сестру. К а к о н а п о ж и в а е т ?
— С п а с и б о , х о р о ш о . О н а с е й ч а с за г р а н и ц е й , в И т а л и и .
2. Respond to the following. — Сколько она там собирается пробыть?
1. G o o d m o r n i n g , Mr M o r g a n ! H o w are you? 2. Hello, Dick! H o w ' s — П о л т о р а года.
life? 3. G o o d m o r n i n g , M r s Baxter! H o w are you getting on? 4. G o o d — П е р е д а й ей от м е н я п р и в е т .
evening, F r e d ! H o w are things? 5. Hello, Steve! H o w are you feeling? — Обязательно.
6. H o w ' s your son? 7. H o w are your parents? 8. H o w ' s your h u s b a n d ?
Т Study and practise.
9. H o w ' s your wife? 10. H o w ' s y o u r friend getting on? 11. H o w ' s every
b o d y at h o m e ? 12. H o w ' s y o u r family? 13. H o w is business? 1. - H o w ' s Dick?
— G e t t i n g worse, I ' m afraid.
3. Work in pairs. A takes his leave, using the reasons below. В replies
— O h , I ' m sorry to h e a r t h a t .
and asks A to give his/her regards to someone shown in brackets.
2. — I've b o u g h t a crystal vase a n d d r o p p e d it d o w n .
1. I've got to c a t c h a bus. (the family) — W h a t a pity!
2. I must be at t h e l e c t u r e in t e n m i n u t e s . (Tom)
3. I'm meeting Alan in ten minutes, (him) 3. — We were p l a n n i n g to go to t h e c o u n t r y for t h e weekend, b u t
4. I've still got a lot of s h o p p i n g to d o . (Patricia) s o m e t h i n g h a s gone w r o n g with t h e car.
5. I ' m picking my m o t h e r up outside Woolworth's at 2.30. (the — W h a t b a d luck!
boys) 4. — I ' m sorry you c a n ' t use my cassette recorder. It n e e d s re
pairs.
6. I've got to be b a c k at work in five m i n u t e s , (mother)
— Never m i n d . I c a n ask Peter to do it.
4. Translate the dialogues.
5. — I ' m afraid I ' m going, to be late for t h e 10.40 t r a i n to
1. — З д р а в с т в у й т е ! С т о л е т в а с не в и д е л а ! К а к п о ж и в а е т е ? Moscow.
— С п а с и б о , х о р о ш о . А к а к вы? — D o n ' t worry. We've got plenty of t i m e .

— Благодарю, неплохо. 6. — I ' m nervous about my r e p o r t on Friday.
2. — Д о б р о е у т р о ! Ш е ф у себя? — C h e e r up. Everything will be all right.
— Н е т , он на с о в е щ а н и и . З а й д и т е в 12.
— С п а с и б о , до с в и д а н и я . 5. Respond to a piece of bad news, expressing sympathy and consolu-
tion.
3. — Я д о л ж е н и д т и . У м е н я д е л о в а я в с т р е ч а в 9 ч а с о в . П р и в е т
1. You k n o w J a n e is n o t good at t h e m o m e n t . 2. I ' m afraid Peter is
жене и родителям.
getting worse. 3. You k n o w Jack h a s c a u g h t flu. 4. Sheila has failed h e r
— С п а с и б о , до с в и д а н и я .
exam, you know. 5. I've lost my job. 6. I've b r o k e n my leg. 7. I d i d n ' t
4. — Р а д т е б я в и д е т ь ! К а к т ы ? get t h e job. 8. I d i d n ' t win t h e prize. 9. Brian's m o t h e r h a s just died.
— С п а с и б о , в с е п о - п р е ж н е м у . А к а к дела у т е б я ? 10. My sister J a n e t h a s failed to get a place at university. 11. My par
— Н е в а ж н о . М о я жена заболела гриппом. e n t s ' h o u s e was burgled last weekend. 12. My c a r was stolen yesterday.
— С о ж а л е ю об э т о м . 13. I've lost $200. 14. My son is going to be o p e r a t e d o n . 15. O u r t e a m
has lost. 16. I've missed t h e 8.30 t r a i n . 17. He h a s got i n t o a c a r ac Wife: A new carpet? You're not serious, are you darling?
cident. 18. I ' m so worried. I haven't h e a r d from Peter since last m o n t h . Husband: Oh yes, I a m . A n d we'll get a new TV.
19. I ' m so nervous about t h e c o m i n g English exam. Wife: You c a n ' t expect me to believe t h a t . It all s o u n d s
like a d r e a m .
6. Translate the dialogues. Husband: Well, it's a d r e a m c o m e true. But we'll have to
wait a while. You see, I s h a n ' t get the rise till next
1. — М н е не у д а л о с ь д о с т а т ь б и л е т ы .
autumn.
— Обидно!
Wife: O h , next a u t u m n . I see. I t h o u g h t it was t o o good
2. — Б о ю с ь , ч т о я с а м не с п р а в л ю с ь с э т о й р а б о т о й . to be t r u e .
— Не в о л н у й с я , все будет в п о р я д к е .
2. A: I've m a d e up my m i n d . We're going to Spain for the holidays.
3. — В ч е м дело? B: H o w exciting!
— К а ж е т с я я п о т е р я л т в о ю ручку. A: I've got a whole fortnight off this year.
— Неважно. B: A whole fortnight! T h a t ' s terrific!
A: We'll leave in early July.
4. — М о я д о ч ь не п о с т у п и л а в и н с т и т у т . B: G o o d ! Are we t a k i n g t h e car?
— Я очень огорчен. A: T h e car? Oh no, we're going on a package tour.
B: O h n o !
5. — Я т а к в о л н у ю с ь . М о я д о ч ь сдает с е г о д н я в ы п у с к н о й эк A: A n d I t h o u g h t we'd take m o t h e r with us.
замен. B: Oh heavens! Do we have to?
— У с п о к о й т е с ь . Все будет х о р о ш о .
3. A: W h a t do you t h i n k about Mary, Tom?
6. — Р о б е р т б е с п о к о и т с я : его с ы н о ч е н ь б о л е н . B: M a r y ? W h a t do you m e a n ?
— К а к е м у не п о в е з л о ! A: Well, haven't you heard? She's just had her first p o e m pub
lished.
7. — М н е с е г о д н я о ч е н ь не п о в е з л о . Я п о т е р я л 100 д о л л а р о в .
B: H a s she really? Well, I never! I d i d n ' t even know she c o u l d
— К а к а я жалость!
write.
8. — К а к дела, В и к т о р ?
4. A: Do you k n o w who's just got m a r r i e d ? Old M a c d o n a l d .
— Б о ю с ь , ч т о не о ч е н ь х о р о ш о .
B: Never! H e ' s over eighty, isn't he?
— А в ч е м дело?
A: He's nearly ninety.
— Я не сдал э к з а м е н по б и о л о г и и .
B: G o o d gracious! Are you sure?
— С о ж а л е ю об э т о м . Я у в е р е н , ч т о ты в с к о р е с д а ш ь его.
A: I a m . W h a t ' s m o r e his wife is eighty-four.
— Н а д е ю с ь , ч т о т а к . Я г о т о в л ю с ь к н е м у уже н е д е л ю .
B: She isn't, is she?
• Study and practise. A: Yes, she is. A n d guess what! H e ' s h e r sixth h u s b a n d .
B: Really? Q u i t e a w o m a n , isn't she?
1. Husband: G o o d news, darling.
Wife: N o , I d o n ' t believe you. W h a t is it? 7. Respond with pleasure or excitement when someone tells you:
Husband: I ' m getting a rise. 1) he's got a new job; 8) we're going to Italy this s u m m e r ;
Wife: N o ! But t h a t ' s incredible. 2) it's an exciting job; 9) he has won a c a r in t h e lottery;
Husband: A 5 0 % rise. 3) he's got a new car; 10) we're going out to celebrate tonight:
Wife: A 5 0 % rise? I refuse to believe it. 4) it cost $5000; 11) we'll take a holiday;
Husband: We'll be able to buy a car. 5) he's got a new girlfriend; 12) M o t h e r ' s c o m i n g to stay;
Wife: Really? 6) she's a j o u r n a l i s t ; 13) we'll go to a show on Saturday;
Husband: Yes. A n d a new c a r p e t . 7) t h e y ' r e getting m a r r i e d ; 14) I'll speak on TV.
8. Express surprise. Do it, as in the example. b) Мэри: Джон, давай навестим Д ж у л и ю в больнице.
Джон: А что с ней?
— Jack has won the race.
Мэри: О н а с л о м а л а ногу.
— H a s he (really)?
Джон: Невероятно, я только вчера видел ее в
1. T h e y are showing " S t a r W a r s " on television t o n i g h t . 2. I c a n ' t библиотеке.
r e m e m b e r his t e l e p h o n e n u m b e r . 3. J o h n Brown h a s b e e n given t h e Мэри: Ее мать з в о н и л а мне вечером.
job. 4. T o m failed his A level e x a m s . 5. T h e y d i d n ' t invite h i m to the Джон: Неужели?
w e d d i n g reception. 6. M a r y wasn't present at t h e lecture. 7. I've b e e n Мэри: О н а д о л ж н а п р о б ы т ь в б о л ь н и ц е н е м е н е е двух
to C h i n a twice. 8. I enjoy walking in t h e rain. 9. My wife d o e s n ' t недель.
k n o w where I a m . 10. She gave b i r t h to t w i n s . 11. T h e y are going to Джон: К а к а я досада!
build an a i r p o r t n e a r here. 12. He forgot to post your letter. 13. R o n
w o n ' t c o m e to t h e party. 14. My h u s b a n d is keen on boxing. 15. H e l e n Т Study and practise.
d o e s n ' t like jazz. 16. Susan will c h a n g e h e r m i n d soon. 17. She isn't 1. Gentleman M a y I see your father, boy?
going to t a k e p a r t in t h e p i c n i c . 18. D i c k hates ballet. 19. H e ' l l p u t
Johnny: I ' m sorry, you c a n ' t , sir. He h a s gone out.
up at t h i s hotel. 20. Victor h a s got m a r r i e d . 21. M i c h a e l c a n ' t afford a
Gentleman. H o w very a n n o y i n g ! I w a n t my umbrella! I lent
new car. 22. I love t h e s o u n d of traffic. 23. J a n e a n d David are going
him mine yesterday. A n d now I c a n ' t have it!
to get m a r r i e d . 24. H e ' l l s o o n be back h o m e . 25. He h a s already left.
Johnny: I ' m afraid you c a n ' t , for my father h a s t a k e n it
26. My friends d o n ' t w a n t to go on holiday with m e .
with h i m .
Gentleman. W h a t a n u i s a n c e ! D o n ' t you see it's r a i n i n g a n d
9. Tell someone:
here I am w i t h o u t an umbrella. W h a t shall I d o ,
1) you've b e e n sacked/robbed/proposed t o ; I'd like to know?
2) you like h a r d work/cold weather/frozen food; Johnny: Just d o what m y father h a s d o n e . C o a n d b o r r o w
3) you prefer rain to s u n s h i n e / w a t e r to w i n e ; one.
4) you t h i n k English is easy/driving a c a r is difficult;
5) you c a n speak C h i n e s e fluently; 2. A: Flight BE to R o m e is delayed. Will passengers please wait in
6) you never d r i n k water; t h e lounge.
7) you keep a lion as a p e t ; B: O h , how a n n o y i n g !
8) you h a t e travelling; A: T h e t i m e of d e p a r t u r e will be a n n o u n c e d as s o o n as pos
9) you are in love again. sible.
B: W h a t a n u i s a n c e ! I h a d to be in R o m e by five.
He/she will express surprise at your statements.
3. John: D i d you like t h e p a r t y ?
10. Translate into English. Mary: N o t particularly. I was r a t h e r d i s a p p o i n t e d .
John: Why?
a) 1. В и к т о р с о б и р а е т с я э м и г р и р о в а т ь . — П р о с т и т е , но я не Mary: It wasn't exciting e n o u g h . M o s t of t h e people were
м о г у в а м п о в е р и т ь . 2 . Говорят, ч т о Д ж о н п о с т у п и л в у н и в е р с и т е т . boring.
— В е р и т с я с трудом. 3. Р о б е р т с о б и р а е т с я с т а т ь к о с м о н а в т о м . —
Н е у ж е л и ? 4. Я не л ю б л ю театр. — Н е у ж е л и ? 5. Я н и к о г д а не бы //. Respond to the remarks. Express annoyance or disappointment.
в а л а в М о с к в е . — В с а м о м деле? 6. Их о г р а б и л и . — Б о ж е м о й ! 7. Я
— I've lost my car keys.
достала только один билет на этот спектакль. — Неужели? Боже
— How very annoying!
мой, это значит, что я на него не попаду! К а к жаль! 8. Завтра
Д ж е й н будет п е т ь по телевизору. — В с а м о м деле? 9. Мы прове 1. I've b u r n e d t h e din пег. 2. Peter was late again! 3. W h a t was t h e
д е м о т п у с к в С о ч и . — Ф а н т а с т и к а ! 10. Мы п р о в е д е м т р и м е с я ц а w e a t h e r like? 4. I m u s t be off now. 5. L o o k o u t of t h e window. It's
в Англии. — Замечательно! r a i n i n g again. 6. Flight BE to Warsaw is delayed. 7. You've got p a i n t
all over your jeans. 8. Sorry, I have no small change. 9. I've missed
the train. 10. T h e r e is no r o o m for you. 11. N o , you c a n ' t wait outside.
12. N o , I can't let you in. 13. W h a t was the j o u r n e y like? 14. Did you en
joy the meal? 15. I'm afraid t h e class is full. 16. Sorry, t h e lesson is over.
17. T h e football m a t c h was cancelled. 18. I'm sorry we're sold out. Unit 9
12. Translate into English. G R A M M A R : Relative clauses
1. Р о б е р т о т к а з а л с я от н а ш е г о о б щ е с т в а . — Ж а л ь . 2. К а к тебе
п о н р а в и л с я ф и л ь м ? — Я б ы л р а з о ч а р о в а н . 3. Я не сдал э к з а м е н Illustrative Situations
п о ф и з и к е . — К а к а я д о с а д а ! 4 . Том н е с м о ж е т н а м п о м о ч ь п р и
переезде. — Э т о плохо. 5. Н а ш а к о м а н д а п р о и г р а л а . — К а к а я жа • Study and practise.
лость! 6. М н е не удалось достать билеты на этот матч. — К а к о е
1. That (or which,), subject, for things:
р а з о ч а р о в а н и е ! 7. М а г а з и н з а к р ы т на р е м о н т . — К а к а я д о с а д а !
8 . К а к тебе п о н р а в и л с я его н о в ы й р о м а н ? — О н м е н я разоча T h i s is t h e plane t h a t t o o k me to Switzerland.
р о в а л . 9 . Д ж е й н н е п р и д е т . — О ч е н ь ж а л ь . 10. М ы о п о з д а л и н а T h e s e are two of t h e steamers t h a t take people r o u n d t h e lake.
с е м и ч а с о в о й п о е з д . — Д о с а д н о . 11. Он не п о л у ч и л п р и з . — Ж а л ь .
12. О н и п р и д у т с о в с е м и д е т ь м и . — К а к д о с а д н о . 2. That (or which,), subject, for animals:
T h i s is t h e dog t h a t bit h i m .
13. Act out the following situations.
T h i s is t h e kitten t h a t was found yesterday.
1. G o i n g to your English classes you m e e t a friend of yours. Have a
chat with h i m / h e r . Ask h i m / h e r how he/she is feeling, m a k e enquiries 3. Who (or t h a U subject, for persons:
about your close friends. T h e day is fine, b u t you c a n ' t stay b e c a u s e T h a t ' s t h e m a n w h o loves J a n e .
you have your classes at 10.
A m a n who drives a car when he is tired may be a dangerous driver.
2. You see your n e i g h b o u r waiting at t h e b u s stop. You greet h i m / Accidents s o m e t i m e s h a p p e n t o people w h o are usually careful.
her, m a k e a c o m m e n t about t h e w e a t h e r a n d ask h i m / h e r a b o u t h i s /
h e r family. 4. That (or which,), object, for things or animals:
3. On your way h o m e you r u n i n t o your s c h o o l m a t e . You haven't
H e r e are s o m e of t h e t h i n g s (that) you may h e a r in a L o n d o n bus.
seen e a c h o t h e r for a long t i m e . You've got a lot of t h i n g s to discuss.
T h e s e are t h e b o o k s (that) I b o r r o w e d from Mr Brown.
4. T h e o t h e r day a friend of yours called on you. He looked
s o m e w h a t u n h a p p y . You w a n t e d to know how he was getting o n . 5. That (or whom), object, for persons:
T h e m a n (that, w h o m ) you saw in my office was Mr G r e e n .

Is she t h e w o m a n (that, w h o m ) we m e t yesterday?
6. That (or which,), prepositional object, for things:
T h i s is t h e hotel (that) I stayed in.

T h i s is t h e hotel in w h i c h I stayed.
T h a t ' s t h e h u t (that) we slept in.
7. That (or whom), prepositional object, for persons:
T h e m a n (that) I lent my d i c t i o n a r y to h a s n ' t b r o u g h t it back.

T h e m a n to w h o m I lent my d i c t i o n a r y h a s n ' t brought it back.
W h o was t h e w o m a n (that) you were t a l k i n g to w h e n I saw you Bob: Let me see it, Bill. T h i s is a good p h o t o g r a p h . W h o
yesterday? are these people?
W h o was t h e w o m a n to w h o m you were t a l k i n g w h e n I saw you Bill: T h e y ' r e people I met d u r i n g t h e trip. T h a t ' s t h e ship
yesterday? we travelled o n .
Bob: W h a t a beautiful ship! W h o is this?
8. Whose, possessive, for persons:
Bill: T h a t ' s t h e m a n I told you about. R e m e m b e r ?
T h o s e are t h e people whose h o u s e I stayed at. Bob: Ah yes. T h e o n e w h o offered you a j o b in Australia.
T h a t is t h e m a n whose d a u g h t e r J o h n is going to marry. Bill: T h a t ' s right.
Bob: W h o ' s this?
Illustrative Dialogues Bill: Guess!
Bob: It's not you, is it?
At a Party
Bill: T h a t ' s right. I grew a beard d u r i n g t h e t r i p b u t
Steve: Look, t h a t ' s t h e m a n w h o knows Jeff well. H i s n a m e ' s I shaved it off w h e n I c a m e h o m e .
Carver. Bob: W h y did you shave it off?
Jill: A n d w h o is t h e w o m a n w h o is t a l k i n g to M a r y ? Bill: My wife d i d n ' t like it!
Steve: I t h i n k she's t h e w o m a n w h o works in M a r y ' s office.
Be careful, Jill. D o n ' t sit on t h a t chair. It's t h e o n e
t h a t ' s wet. I spilt beer on it! I ' m going to have s o m e Practice
of t h a t food now.
/. Join the sentences. Use: who, whom or which.
Jill: D o n ' t eat t o o m u c h . T h o s e are all t h i n g s w h i c h will
m a k e you fat. a) S h e is the girl. She met me yesterday.
Steve: But I like food t h a t m a k e s me fat. She is the girl who met me yesterday.
At a Bookshop b) She is the girl. I met her yesterday.

She is the girl whom I met yesterday.
Customer: I b o u g h t two expensive dictionaries here half an h o u r
ago, b u t I forgot to t a k e t h e m with m e . c) This is the book. I bought it yesterday.
Manager: W h o served you, sir? This is the book which I bought yesterday.
Customer: T h e lady w h o is s t a n d i n g b e h i n d t h e counter.
Manager: D i d you serve t h i s g e n t l e m a n half an h o u r ago, Miss 1. T h i s is t h e car. T h e m e c h a n i c repaired it yesterday. 2. H e ' s t h e
Roberts? H e says he's t h e m a n w h o b o u g h t these m a n . I invited h i m to t h e party. 3. T h e s e are t h e t h i n g s . I b o u g h t t h e m
books. yesterday. 4. H e ' s t h e m a n . He c a m e here last week. 5. He is t h e police
Miss Roberts: I c a n ' t r e m e m b e r , sir. T h e m a n w h o m I served was m a n . He c a u g h t t h e thieves. 6. She is t h e nurse. She looked after m e .
w e a r i n g a hat. 7. I ' m t h e p e r s o n . I wrote to you. 8. T h e y are t h e people. I saw t h e m
Manager: Have you got a hat, sir? yesterday. 9. T h e y are t h e trees. We cut t h e m d o w n yesterday.
Customer: Yes, I have.
Manager: Would you p u t it o n , please? 2. Join the sentences. Use that.
Customer: All right.
a) That's the doctor. He gave me the tablets.
Manager: Is t h i s t h e m a n t h a t you served, Miss Roberts?
That's the doctor that gave me the tablets.
Miss Roberts: Yes, sir. I recognize h i m now.
b) That's the car. It won the race.
Back from Australia That's the car that won the race.
Bill: L o o k , Bob. T h i s is a p h o t o g r a p h I t o o k d u r i n g my
1. T h a t ' s t h e m a n . He stole my car. 2. T h a t ' s t h e football club.
trip to Australia.
It w o n every g a m e last year. 3. T h a t ' s t h e school. It has t h e best repu-
t a t i o n . 4. T h a t ' s t h e factory. It makes good c a m e r a s . 5. T h a t ' s t h e Which girl is Judy?

shop. It sells foreign books. 6. T h a t is t h e girl. She told me about you. — S h e is the girl who works in the newsagent's.
7. T h a t ' s t h e teacher. He is going to give t h e lesson. 8. T h a t is t h e word.
1. T h e r e is my car. It is outside t h e garage.
It s o u n d s u n n a t u r a l .
T h e r e is Bob's car. It is outside t h e t h e a t r e .
3. Join the following sentences together. W h i c h car is Bob's car?
a) She is the girl. I met her yesterday. 2. T h e r e is T o m . He is always hungry.

T h e r e is Bob. He does not talk m u c h .
She is the girl I met yesterday.
W h i c h m a n is Bob?
b) This is the book. I bought it yesterday.
3. T h e r e is J o h n ' s house. It has a lot of windows.
This is the book I bought yesterday.
T h e r e is Pat's house. It h a s four floors.
c) This is the ship. I travelled on it. W h i c h h o u s e is J o h n ' s house?
This is the ship I travelled on.
4. T h e r e is o u r hotel. It looks expensive.
1. She is t h e w o m a n . I drove h e r to L o n d o n . 2. T h a t ' s t h e film. T h e r e is t h e H u n t s ' hotel. It h a s seventy-five b e d r o o m s .
I saw it. 3. T h a t ' s t h e m a n . I spoke to h i m . 4. T h e y are t h e thieves. T h e W h i c h hotel is your hotel?
police c a u g h t t h e m . 5. T h e s e are t h e letters. I t r a n s l a t e d t h e m . 6. T h e s e
5. T h e r e is G u y ' s coat. It is on t h e chair.
are t h e people. You asked me about t h e m . 7. T h e s e are t h e shoes. T h e
T h e r e ' s M i k e ' s coat. It seems old.
boy t o o k t h e m off. 8. T h i s is t h e m a n . I served h i m . 9. T h a t ' s t h e
W h i c h c o a t is G u y ' s coat?
h o u s e . H e ' s going to buy it. 10. T h a t is t h e girl. I d a n c e d with her.
11. T h a t ' s t h e book. She's b e e n r e a d i n g it. 12. T h a t is t h e m a n . I love 6. T h e r e is Sue. She is c o m i n g out of t h e shop.
h i m . 13. T h a t ' s t h e p l a n e . I flew in it. 14. T h e r e ' s t h e h o u s e . We used T h e r e is Judy. She is going i n t o t h e shop.
to live in it. 15. T h e r e ' s t h e bridge. We crossed it. 16. T h i s is t h e m a n . W h i c h girl is Judy?
I w a n t to see h i m . 17. T h i s is t h e girl. I w a n t to m a r r y her. 18. T h i s is
7. T h e r e is M u m . She is t a l k i n g to t h e waiter.
t h e word. I d o n ' t k n o w it. 19. T h a t ' s t h e t h i n g . I d o n ' t u n d e r s t a n d it.
T h e r e is A u n t A n n . She is d r i n k i n g a glass of water.
20. T h a t ' s t h e school. I study at it.
Which woman is Aunt Ann?
4. Make progressive substitutions. 8. T h e r e are Simon's football b o o t s . T h e y are u n d e r t h e table.
That's the man that makes chocolate. T h e r e are Peter's football b o o t s . T h e y are o n t h e chair.
who = That's the man who makes chocolate. W h i c h football b o o t s are Peter's?
1) sells c h o c o l a t e 9) repairs radios
6. Put a relative pronoun: who, whom, which or that into the follow
2) t h e s h o p t h a t 10) t h e s h o p t h a t
ing sentences (if necessary).
3) buys old b o o k s 11) t h e m a n t h a t
4) t h e s t u d e n t t h a t 12) w h o 1. T h e only g a m e s ... I play are football a n d t e n n i s . 2. We d o n ' t
5) w h o 13) gives m o n e y away k n o w t h e m a n ... lives here. 3. He is t h e only s t u d e n t ... u n d e r s t a n d s
6) t h e t e a c h e r w h o 14) t h e organisation t h a t English well. 4. Have you sent t h e b o o k ... I left on this table? 5. T h e
7) has a good r e p u t a t i o n 15) helps old people p o l i c e m a n is looking for t h e m a n ... left his c a r in t h e street. 6. I gave
8) t h e firm t h a t h i m t h e b o o k ... I was reading. 7. T h i s is t h e hotel a t . . . we are staying.
8. Is t h i s t h e m o n e y ... you lost? 9. T h e c a r ... he is driving is n o t his.
5. Answer the questions.
10. T h i s is t h e m a n ... we saw at t h e station yesterday. 11. T h o s e ... have
There is Judy. She works in the newsagent's. finished their work m a y go h o m e . 12. T h i s is t h e horse ... w o n t h e race.
There is Ruth. She works in an office. 13. He is t h e sort of p e r s o n ... everybody a d m i r e s . 14. T h i s is t h e plane
... t o o k me to Paris. 15. Mr West put t h e bag ... he was c a r r y i n g on t h e George: Yes, t h a t ' s a t r a i n on t h e railway t h a t goes up t h e
table. 16. T h e table ... he put t h e bag on was n e a r the door. 17. Both Jungfrau.
t h e letters ... c a m e t h i s m o r n i n g are bills. 18. T h a t ' s t h e music ... is Mary: You said you went climbing! D i d you go up the Jungfrau
popular. 19. T h a t is t h e city ... I was b o r n in. 20. T h i s is t h e island ... by train? T h a t isn't climbing.
was bought by a m i l l i o n a i r e . 21. T h i s is t h e hotel ... was built last year. George: T h e railway d o e s n ' t go to t h e t o p ! We c l i m b e d from t h e
22. T h e b o o k ... you lent me is n o t very interesting. 23. T h e flowers ... e n d of t h e railway.
I love best are roses. 24. T h e m a n ... you met yesterday is an actor. Mary: H e r e ' s a p h o t o g r a p h of a steamer.
George: T h a t ' s a lake steamer. It takes passengers r o u n d o n e of
the two lakes at Interlaken. Interlaken is between t h e
Fluency
t w o lakes.
T Study and practise. Mary: T h a t ' s w h a t t h e n a m e Interlaken m e a n s , isn't it? W h o
are these t h r e e m e n ?
George: T h e m a n on t h e left is an Italian w h o h a s c l i m b e d most
Holidays in Switzerland
of the m o u n t a i n s in t h e Swiss Alps. T h e m a n in t h e
George: G o o d evening, M a r y . I ' m glad to see you. C o m e in. m i d d l e is a F r e n c h m a n w h o h a s d o n e a lot of climbing
Mary: Hello, G e o r g e ! I haven't seen you for several weeks. in t h e P y r e n e e s . T h e t h i r d m a n , on t h e right, is a Swiss
You've b e e n away from h o m e , haven't you? guide. H e ' s t h e m a n w h o t o o k u s u p several m o u n t a i n s .
George: I've b e e n in Switzerland. I got back yesterday. You must have a good guide in t h e Alps. It is d a n g e r o u s
Mary: I h o p e you h a d a good holiday. D i d you enjoy your t o c l i m b alone.
self? Mary: A n d what's this?
George: Very m u c h . Shall I show you s o m e of my photo George: T h a t ' s o n e of t h e m o u n t a i n huts we slept in w h e n we
graphs? were doing a two-day climb.
Mary: O h , d o , please. I like looking at p h o t o g r a p h s . Mary: A n d this? It's a hotel, isn't it?
George: H e r e they are. T h i s is t h e plane t h a t t o o k me to George: Yes, t h a t ' s t h e hotel I stayed in while I was in G e n e v a
Switzerland. for a few days.
Mary: O h , you went by air, did you? Do you like flying? Mary: T h a t ' s a pretty little village.
George: Yes, I like flying. I t h i n k it's m u c h better t h a n going George: Isn't it? It's a place where I stayed for two days after my
by rail a n d steamer. T h e airliners of British E u r o p e a n longest climb. I was very tired.
Airways are very comfortable. They've carried m i l l i o n s Mary: A n d w h o are these people?
of passengers quite safely. A n d of course, flying is m u c h George: T h e y ' r e t h e people at whose house I stayed in t h e vil
quicker. H e r e ' s a n o t h e r p h o t o g r a p h . lage.
Mary: T h a t ' s you, isn't it? W h o ' s t h e girl at your side? Mary: Well, you certainly h a d a good holiday.
George: T h a t is a girl w h o was with me in t h e plane. We b e c a m e George: Yes, I enjoyed every m i n u t e of it. I h o p e I shall be able
quite friendly a n d spent a lot of t i m e together. to go again next s u m m e r .
Mary: A n d w h o is t h e girl in this p h o t o g r a p h ?
Situation. You've just returned from your holiday. You had a very
George: She is a girl w h o was staying at my hotel in Interlaken.
good time. At the moment you are speaking to your friend about your holi
I b e c a m e quite friendly with her, t o o .
day and showing him/her your photographs.
Mary: Well, here's a n o t h e r girl! T h a t ' s t h r e e ! W h o ' s this girl?
George: She's a girl w h o went up several m o u n t a i n s with m e .
Look!
She was staying at my hotel, t o o . She's very fond of
climbing, so we often went climbing together. 1. N i c k O w e n is a g u i d e for B r i t a n n i a t o u r s . S o m e n e w tour
Mary: You like t h e girls a n d t h e girls like you. W h a t ' s this? It's ists have j u s t a r r i v e d i n E x m o u t h . H e ' s s h o w i n g t h e m a r o u n d t h e
a t r a i n , isn't it? town.
i
l
" I ' m sure you'll enjoy your stay here. T h e r e ' s t h e beach t h a t ' s t h e Miss Dexter: N o , he was with a w o m a n .
safest for s w i m m e r s . T h e o t h e r b e a c h e s a r e n ' t as good. A n d t h a t ' s t h e Lawyer: Now, look a r o u n d t h e c o u r t again... c a n you see
shop t h a t sells picnic lunches. Over there's t h e s h o p t h a t sells souve that w o m a n ?
nirs. I'll meet you back here at four o'clock." Miss Dexter: Yes, t h e r e ! She's t h e w o m a n I saw.
Lawyer: I see, Miss Dexter. N o w look at t h e m a n a n d t h e
2. Paul's showing Angela some holiday p h o t o s .
w o m a n again. T h i s is very i m p o r t a n t . Are you ab
" L o o k ... this is the hotel I stayed in ... a n d here's the r e s t a u r a n t
solutely sure about t h e m ?
I used to go t o . I used to eat t h e r e every day. T h i s is t h e b e a c h we used
Miss Dexter: Absolutely sure. T h e y ' r e t h e people I saw.
to lie o n . It was a marvellous holiday."
Lawyer: Now, Miss Dexter. W h a t was the m a n wearing
3. A n n has just had an accident. She's telling a policeman about it. when he went i n t o t h e b a n k ?
" T h e c a r in front of me s t o p p e d suddenly. I m a n a g e d to stop, but Miss Dexter: I d o n ' t r e m e m b e r everything... but I r e m e m b e r his
t h e van b e h i n d me d i d n ' t . It hit my car a n d p u s h e d it i n t o t h e c a r in hat a n d his bag.
front. T h e r e ' s my car. T h e r e ' s t h e van t h a t hit my car. A n d t h a t ' s t h e Lawyer: L o o k at t h e hat on t h e table. Is t h a t t h e hat?
car my car h i t . " Miss Dexter: Yes, t h a t ' s t h e hat he was wearing.
4. Paul's showing Angela an old school p h o t o . Lawyer: ... a n d t h e bag?
" T h e headmaster's in the middle. He's the one that taught us Latin. Miss Dexter: Yes, t h a t ' s t h e bag he was carrying.
H i s lessons were very boring. T h e fat o n e on t h e left is Mr Bunter. Lawyer: Do you r e m e m b e r a n y t h i n g about t h e w o m a n ?
H e ' s t h e o n e t h a t used to hit us with a c a n e . Mr C h e r r y ' s on t h e right. Miss Dexter: Yes. She was wearing a blonde wig a n d black plat
H e ' s t h e o n e that t a u g h t us F r e n c h ... a n d football. I was never b o r e d form shoes.
at his lessons." Lawyer: H o w do you k n o w it was a wig, Miss Dexter?
Miss Dexter: Because it fell off w h e n she was r u n n i n g to t h e
5. T h i s is a p i c t u r e of R o n a l d Rigg. He's t h e m a n t h e police ar
car.
rested yesterday. H e ' s s t a n d i n g next t o P C . M a r t i n . M a r t i n ' s t h e po
Lawyer: L o o k at t h e wig on t h e table. Is t h a t t h e wig?
liceman that caught h i m .
Miss Dexter: Yes, t h a t ' s t h e wig she was wearing.
Lawyer: A n d t h e shoes... look at t h e shoes.
A Court Case
Miss Dexter: Yes, t h e y ' r e t h e shoes she was wearing.
A few m o n t h s ago t h e r e was a b a n k robbery in Stanford. T h e police Lawyer: T h a n k you, Miss Dexter.
arrested a m a n a n d a w o m a n . T h e y ' r e in c o u r t now. A w o m a n saw the
robbery. She's s t a n d i n g in t h e witness box. T h e j u d g e a n d t h e twelve
m e m b e r s of t h e j u r y are listening to her. A lawyer is asking her s o m e Self Check
questions.
1. Determine the nature of attributes and insert articles if neces
Lawyer: Now, Miss Dexter. You saw t h e b a n k robbery,
sary.
d i d n ' t you?
Miss Dexter: Yes, I did. 1. ... b o o k s t h a t are on t h e table a r e m i n e . 2. I shall tell you
Lawyer: You saw a m a n , d i d n ' t you? ... i n t e r e s t i n g story. 3. T h a t ' s ... m a n you are l o o k i n g for. 4. I have
Miss Dexter: T h a t ' s right. I saw h i m w h e n he went i n t o t h e b a n k passed ... sleepless n i g h t . 5. S u d d e n l y ... violent s t o r m arose. 6. ...
a n d w h e n h e c a m e out. t o p s of t h e m o u n t a i n s were covered w i t h snow. 7. It was ... s u n s e t of
Lawyer: Now, look a r o u n d t h e court... c a n you see t h a t ... great beauty. 8. A l l a d i n h a d ... wonderful l a m p . 9. I t h i n k he is ...
man? m a n of sense. 10. It was o n e by ... clock on t h e tower. 11. T h a t child
Miss Dexter: Yes. H e ' s t h e m a n I saw. h a s ... slight cold. 12. I often t h i n k of ... h a p p y days of c h i l d h o o d .
Lawyer: H e w a s n ' t a l o n e w h e n h e went i n t o t h e b a n k , 13. I k n o w ... h o u s e t h a t he lives in. 14. I have lost ... w a t c h you
was he? gave m e . 15. B r i n g me ... letters w h i c h t h e p o s t m a n left. 16. D i d you
96 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT 9
receive ... letter t h a t I sent yesterday? 17. I h a t e ... c h i l d r e n w h o are у з н а л . 12. О н с а м ы й и н т е р е с н ы й ч е л о в е к , к о т о р о г о и

К ГДа
c r u e l . 18. ... p e n t h a t you gave me is a very g o o d o n e . 19. I r e m e m b e r л и б о п р и х о д и л о с ь в с т р е ч а т ь . 13. Э т о в е щ ь , к о т о р а я м ^ ° "
НС н у ж н а
... day t h a t he c a m e . 2 0 . ... boy t h a t you see t h e r e is my c o u s i n . 2 1 . ... 14. В нашем учреждении есть много людей к о т ^ -
рые
IT п о - а н г л и й г . ™ IS r ™ U T „ l m — JL'— i «~»ирые° хорошо
water from a well is always cold. 2 2 . I have ... wonderful clock w h i c h
г о в о р я т п о - а н г л и й с к и . 15. С т у д е н т , ч ь ю т е т р а д ь я в а м п о к а з а л ,
is o n e h u n d r e d years old. 2 3 . We got i n t o ... t r a m w h i c h was full
у ч и т с я о ч е н ь х о р о ш о . 16. Где п и с ь м о , к о т о р о е я д а л т е б е почи
of p e o p l e . 2 4 . ... t a s k w h i c h you have to do is easy. 2 5 . H e r e is ... тать? 17. О н п о д н я л с в е р т о к , к о т о р ы й о н а у р о н и л а . 18. В о т день
book which has pictures. 26. T h e boys gave ... loud s h o u t w h i c h was г и , к о т о р ы е в ы п о т е р я л и . 19. Э т о г о р о д , в к о т о р о м я р о д и л с я .
h e a r d across t h e river. 27. I have found ... b o o k w h i c h I lost. 2 8 . He 20 Это человек, который помог мне. 21. Это новость, которая
says ... small c o m p u t e r s a r e n ' t expensive. 2 9 . She h a s w r i t t e n me ... всех у д и в и л а . 2 2 . К т о т а д е в у ш к а , н а к о т о р у ю т ы с м о т р и ш ь ?
long letter. 3 0 . Take ... cold shower before breakfast. 3 1 . Yesterday 23. Это школа, в которой я училась.
we h a d ... lovely day on t h e river. 3 2 . You m u s t b u y y o u r s e l f . . . new
h a t . 3 3 . G r a n d f a t h e r asked me to ... wonderful m e a l . 3 4 . A few days
later I received ... long answer. 3 5 . It was ... lovely little h o u s e sur
r o u n d e d by ... p r e t t y g a r d e n . 3 6 . I saw ... m a n of a b o u t fifty in t h e
h o u s e . 37. On t h e table t h e r e was ... big vase full of flowers. 3 8 . H a r r y
offered h i m ... c i g a r e t t e w h i c h he refused. 3 9 . T h e dog a n s w e r s to ...
n a m e o f T i d o . 4 0 . T h e m a n r a n t o ... c a r w h e r e t h e c h i l d r e n were.
4 1 . T h e r e are a lot of flowers in ... w o o d over t h e r e . 4 2 . I have lost ...
key t o m y r o o m . 4 3 . T h e y o w n ... w h i t e c o t t a g e o p p o s i t e t h e c h u r c h .
4 4 . A r e ... E n g l i s h p e o p l e friendly? 4 5 . A r e ... E n g l i s h p e o p l e you
k n o w friendly? 4 6 . Do you like ... s t r o n g black coffee? 47. D i d you
like ... coffee we h a d w i t h o u r m e a l last n i g h t ? 4 8 . I like w o r k i n g
w i t h ... people w h o are lively. 4 9 . I like ... p e o p l e I work w i t h . 5 0 . All
... b o o k s o n t h e t o p shelf belong t o m e . 5 1 . D o you k n o w ... p e o p l e
w h o live next d o o r ? 5 2 . Do you like ... m u s i c t h i s b a n d is playing?
5 3 . We live in ... old h o u s e in ... m i d d l e of t h e village. T h e r e is ...
beautiful g a r d e n b e h i n d t h e h o u s e . ... roof of t h e h o u s e is in very b a d
c o n d i t i o n . 5 4 . He is ... m a n of ... great energy. 5 5 . ... j o u r n e y s to ...
u n k n o w n places r e q u i r e a lot of p r e p a r a t i o n .
1. Э т о д о м , в к о т о р о м я ж и в у . 2. Э т о к о л ь ц о , к о т о р о е он
м н е п о д а р и л . 3 . М а ш и н а , к о т о р а я б ы л а н а й д е н а в ч е р а , при
н а д л е ж и т е е брату. 4 . Вазу, к о т о р а я з д е с ь с т о я л а , в ч е р а разби
л и . 5. М у ж ч и н а , с которым она разговаривает, мой н а ч а л ь н и к .
6. Девушка, которая принесла телеграмму, выглядела очень
усталой. 7. Это г о с т и н и ц а , которая была построена в п р о ш л о м
году. 8. Ч е л о в е к , о к о т о р о м вы г о в о р и т е , н а х о д и т с я в с о с е д н е й
к о м н а т е . 9. Вот т о т студент, к о т о р о г о мы в и д е л и в ч е р а в теа
т р е . 10. К н и г а , к о т о р у ю я ч и т а ю , о ч е н ь и н т е р е с н а я . 11. В ч е р а
я встретил старого школьного приятеля, которого я сразу
UNIT 10 99
2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer-
cises in the next section to remember them.
Special Difficulties
U n i t 10 Means of transport: by, on, in
TOPIC: Finding the way 1. We use by + n o u n to say how we travel.
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Gratitude. Arresting someone's by car by bus by coach by bicycle by motorbike
attention by train by Underground/Tube by tram by plane
by boat/ship by road by rail by air by sea
I always c o m e to school by bus.
Illustrative Text T h e y travelled to Paris by rail.
But we say: on foot (= walking).
Public Transport
Does he usually go to school on foot?
A taxi, sometimes called a cab, is the most comfortable way to
2. W h e n we use my/a/the etc. before car/bus/train etc. we c a n n o t
travel. You simply hail a taxi in the street or go to a taxi rank where
use by. We use in with cars and on with bicycles, motorbikes and public
there are several taxis waiting, for example, at a station. At the end of
transport e.g. buses, trains.
your j o u r n e y you can see how much the fare is by looking at the meter.
I usually go to work in my car. (Not: ... by my ear.)
You add a tip to this, and that's all. Very simple. But expensive!
T h e y went for a ride on a motorbike. (Not: ... by a motorbike.)
W h a t about taking a bus? If it has two floors, it's called a double-
Did you go to L o n d o n on the train? (Not: ... by the train?)
decker and you can get a good view from the top. If it has only one
floor, it's called a single-decker. Most buses have a two-person crew: Note: It is possible, but less usual, to say in the train, etc.
the driver who drives, of course, and the conductor (or the conductress
/. Complete the sentences using: by, on or in (to).
if it's a woman) w h o takes your money. Keep your ticket because an
inspector might want to check it. You catch a bus by waiting at a bus 1. A n n i e usually goes to school ... her bicycle, but sometimes she
stop. You can see where a bus is going because the destination is writ- goes ... bus. 2. T h e journey takes 10 minutes ... bus and about 25 m i n -
ten on the front. But try to avoid the rush hour. utes ... foot. 3. Robert didn't c o m e to work ... his car yesterday m o r n i n g .
Quicker t h a n the bus is the u n d e r g r o u n d (called the tube in L o n d o n , His car had broken down and he had to c o m e ... taxi. 4. Did you travel
the subway in N e w York a n d the metro in Paris and m a n y other cities). right across L o n d o n ... the Underground? 5. We've decided to travel to
N e w York ... sea rather t h a n go ... air. 6. Did you c o m e here ... car or ...
You buy your ticket at the ticket office. Go down to the platform on the
foot? 7. Quick! G e t ... the train. It's ready to leave. 8. He g o t . . . the car
escalator or in the lift. T h e train comes. T h e sliding doors open. You
and drove off. 9. I saw Jane this morning. She was ... a bus which passed
get on. You look at the m a p of the u n d e r g r o u n d system. Very simple.
me. 10. T h e easiest way to get a r o u n d London is ... Underground.
For longer distances take a train or a long distance bus, usually
11. I didn't feel like walking so I came home ... a taxi. 12. I like travel-
called a coach which is slower but cheaper. T h e train is very fast. Put ling ... bike. I travelled around Italy ... my cousin's bike. 13. I ' m not
your luggage on the rack a n d sit a n d wait till you arrive. going to R o m e ... my car. I've decided to go ... train instead.
Comprehension On time and in time

1. On time m e a n s "at exactly the right time".
1. Listen to the text "Public Transport" and answer the questions.
T h e buses are very unreliable. T h e y never arrive on time. (= at
What is the most comfortable way to travel? How do you take a taxi? exactly the right time)
W h a t are the buses in England like? W h i c h is the quickest means of In my school, the classes always start on time. (= at exactly the
transport? How do you travel by (the) underground? What is a coach? right time)
2. In time m e a n s "early e n o u g h " . b) I live in a house that was built more than a hundred years ago.
I live in a house built more than a hundred years ago.
He discovered the fire in t i m e to stop it spreading. (= early e n o u g h
to stop it) 1. W h a t is t h e n a m e of t h e t e a c h e r w h o is e x a m i n i n g G r o u p 3?
I h o p e my leg gets better in t i m e for t h e football m a t c h on Saturday. 2. I always read b o o k s w h i c h d e s c r i b e t h e lives of great p e o p l e with
(= early e n o u g h for t h e m a t c h ) i n t e r e s t . 3. In t h i s s h o p you c a n buy t h i n g s w h i c h a r e m a d e in dif
ferent p a r t s of t h e c o u n t r y . 4. You m u s t l e a r n all t h e w o r d s w h i c h
2. Complete the sentences using on time or in time.
a r e given on page 127. 5. T h e vase w h i c h s t a n d s on t h e table is
1. T h e b u s service is terrible; t h e buses are never ... . 2. I h o p e my m y d a u g h t e r ' s p r e s e n t . 6 . T h e q u e s t i o n w h i c h was d i s c u s s e d a t t h e
c a r will be repaired ... for t h e weekend. 3. She's very p u n c t u a l . She al m e e t i n g was very i m p o r t a n t . 7. T h e c h i l d r e n w h o are p l a y i n g in t h e
ways arrives ... . 4. She d i d n ' t arrive ... to say goodbye to h i m . 5. I d o n ' t g a r d e n a r e very noisy. 8. T h e r e was a lot of work w h i c h was w a i t i n g
t h i n k I'll be h o m e ... to see t h e film on TV t h i s evening. 6. I d i d n ' t for u s .
arrive ... to see her before she left.
3. Use the information given to complete the sentences. Text Exercises

If I leave my house at 9 o'clock and drive to London, I arrive at
6. Ask questions about the means of public transport in England.
about 12 o'clock.
So it's about three hours' drive to London from my house. 7. Speak about the public transport in England.
1. I ' m going on holiday on the 12th. I have to be back at work on
8. Speak about the public transport in your city.
t h e 26th.
So I've got ... holiday.
Gratitude. Arresting someone's attention
2. I went to sleep at 3 o'clock t h i s m o r n i n g a n d woke up an h o u r
later at 4 o'clock. a) How to arrest someone's attention:
So I only h a d ... sleep.
Excuse me (please) ...
3. If I leave my h o u s e at 8.50 a n d walk to work, I get to work at 9 Pardon me ...
o'clock. Sorry to ... (interrupt, interfere, bother), but ...
So it's only ... walk from my house to work. Look here!
Just a minute!
4. Use avoid + gerund.
An old man is talking to his doctor.

b) How to reply:
A: I travelled overnight and felt awful afterwards.
B: Then try to avoid travelling overnight. Yes?
Well?
/ ... and felt awful afterwards. What is it?
1. got very angry; 2. d r a n k t o o m u c h ; 3. went to bed t o o late; What can I do for you?
4. r u s h e d about; 5. stood for a long t i m e ; 6. m a d e a long s p e e c h (Use
speeches); 7. read in a bad light; 8. c a r r i e d a heavy suitcase (Use suit c) How to thank someone:
cases); 9. played cards all n i g h t ; 10. t o o k sleeping pills; 11. travelled by Thank you (very much)/so much.
jet; 12. worked all weekend 13. quarrelled with my n e i g h b o u r s Thanks.
Thank you very much indeed.
5. Rephrase the sentences using Participle I or Participle II. That's nice (kind) of you.
Thank you anyway.
a) The woman who is looking out of the window is my aunt.
I'm very grateful to you.
The woman looking out of the window is my aunt.
d) How to reply to gratitude: Go along t h i s street as far as t h e traffic lights, t h e n t a k e t h e street

on your right.
(Oh) that's OK/all right.
Go straight along t h i s road as far as t h e c h e m i s t ' s , t h e n take t h e
Not at all.
You're welcome. first t u r n i n g on your right.
Don't mention it.
It's a pleasure. Take a n u m b e r 24 bus a n d go as far as t h e s u p e r m a r k e t . T h e n
c h a n g e for a 131 bus.
Take t h i s b u s a n d go t h r e e stops. T h e n take a trolleybus.
Conversation Practice C a t c h a 22 bus a n d go as far as Fifth Avenue. T h e r e you'll have to
c h a n g e for t h e subway.
1. Learn the following phrases.
H o w do I get there? H o w do I get to N e w York from here?
W h e r e is it? It's on t h e m a i n street.
At what stop do I get off? W h e r e do I get off?
Here. It's on Fifth Avenue.
At what station do I get off? Do I get off here?
There. W h i c h way?
To t h e right. T h i s way? Do I get off at t h e next stop? Do I c h a n g e buses here?
To t h e left. T h a t way? W h a t b u s do I take to get there? Do I take t h e U n d e r g r o u n d to
O n t h e corner. get there?
W h e r e is t h e place you are t a l k i n g about? Will t h i s b u s take m e t o t h e G r a n d Hotel? D o e s t h i s bus g o t o t h e
It's here. It's a little farther. bank?
It's right here. It's near. Will you please let me k n o w w h e n we get to Regent Street?
It's t h e r e . It's n o t very far. W h i c h is t h e right way to L o n d o n Bridge?
It's farther. It's far from here. W h i c h is t h e shortest way to t h e railway station?
W h i c h is t h e quickest way to Oxford Street?
— Is it far? — N o , it's a five m i n u t e s ' walk from here.
— Is it far from here? — It's an h o u r ' s ride away. Am I right for t h e centre? Am I right for D a r w i n Street?
— Is it n e a r here? — N o , it's quite a long way from here. Am I right for Hyde Park? Am I on t h e right bus?
— H o w far is it? — It's t e n m i l e s from here. Is t h i s t h e right bus to t h e C e n t r a l Park?
— H o w far is it from here to there? — It's twenty miles from Is t h e r e a b u s from here to t h e Bristol Hotel?
here. Is t h e r e an u n d e r g r o u n d station n o t far from here?
H o w far are we from N e w York? H o w m a n y miles is it from here C o u l d you give me some i n f o r m a t i o n ? — Gladly.
t o N e w York? C a n you tell me t h e way to Liverpool Station?
— W h e r e is t h e b u s stop? — It's just r o u n d t h e corner. C o u l d you please show m e t h e way t o t h e centre?
— W h e r e is t h e p o s t office? — It's on t h e o t h e r side of t h e street. C a n you tell me how to get to t h e Bristol Hotel?
— W h e r e is t h e police station? — It's at t h e e n d of t h e street. C a n you d i r e c t m e t o t h e British M u s e u m ?
— W h e r e is t h e hospital? — T h e hospital is two blocks from here C a n you tell me where K i n g Street is, please?
j u s t before you c o m e to t h e highway.
C a n you tell me how I c a n get to t h i s place?
— W h e r e is t h e chemist's? — It's t h e t h i r d block to t h e right.
C a n you tell me how I c a n get to t h i s address?
T u r n right. T u r n t o t h e right. Follow t h i s road.
H o w c a n I get to Broadway?
T u r n left. T u r n to t h e left. Take route seven.
I ' m t r y i n g to find my way to C o l u m b i a University.
G o t h i s way. G o straight a h e a d . G o t o t h e c o r n e r a n d t u r n left. I want to get to t h e British M u s e u m .
G o straight t h r e e blocks a n d t h e n t u r n t o t h e right. I ' m looking for a post office.
G o along t h i s street a s far a s t h e m o n u m e n t a n d t u r n t o t h e left. I d o n ' t k n o w t h i s t o w n a n d I c a n ' t find my way r o u n d .
104
I ' m afraid I've lost my way. = I ' m afraid I ' m lost. 7. — Is this the right bus for t h e Town Hall?
You see I ' m a stranger here. — N o , you should have c a u g h t a 12. J u m p out at t h e bridge a n d
W h a t ' s t h e fare, please? get o n e there.
— C o u l d you tell me w h e n we get there?
Give me two tokens, please.
— It's t h r e e stops after t h i s o n e .
2. Learn the following dialogues. Make similar dialogues.
8. — Excuse m e .
1. — Excuse m e , c a n you tell me where S o u t h Street is, please? — Yes?
— Take t h e s e c o n d t u r n i n g on t h e left a n d t h e n ask again. — C o u l d you tell me t h e way to t h e hospital, please?
— Is it far? — Yes, go along this street a n d t u r n right at t h e traffic lights.
— N o , it's only a b o u t five m i n u t e s ' walk. T h e hospital is on t h e left.
— T h a n k you.
— Many thanks.
— That's OK.
2. — Excuse m e , please. C o u l d you tell me t h e way to t h e sta
9. — E x c u s e m e .
tion?
-Yes?
— T u r n r o u n d a n d t u r n left at t h e traffic lights.
— C o u l d you tell me how to get to t h e b a n k , please?
— Will it take me long to get there?
— Yes, of course. Go along t h i s r o a d as far as t h e traffic lights.
— N o , it's no d i s t a n c e at all.
T h e n t u r n left i n t o t h e H i g h Street a n d it's on t h e right.
— T h a n k you. — Is it far?
— That's OK. — N o , n o t very far.
3. — Excuse m e , but I ' m trying to find t h e Town H a l l . — T h a n k you very m u c h .
— Take t h e t h i r d on t h e right a n d go straight o n . — You're welcome.
— Should I t a k e a bus? 10. — Excuse m e , miss. Is t h i s where t h e 33 b u s stops?
— N o , you c a n walk it in u n d e r five m i n u t e s . — Well, several buses stop here. T h e 33 stops here, t o o . W h e r e
— T h a n k you very m u c h i n d e e d . do you want to go?
— T h a t ' s quite all right. — I w a n t to get to La G u a r d i a A i r p o r t .
— T h e 33 will take you t h e r e .
4. — Excuse m e , please. C o u l d you tell me how to get to t h e t o w n
— T h a n k you.
centre?
— N o t at all.
— First right, second left. You c a n ' t miss it.
— Is it t o o far to walk? 11. — Excuse me... I w a n t to get to t h e P a l l a d i u m T h e a t r e . Do
— N o , it's only a couple of h u n d r e d yards. I get off at t h e next stop?
— T h a n k s very m u c h . — Well, what's t h a t stop? Oh n o ! You go farther. Two or t h r e e
— It's a pleasure. stops m o r e . Oh ... wait a m o m e n t . You m a y get off here a n d
take a n o t h e r route bus. It'll be probably quicker.
5. — D o e s t h i s b u s go to t h e station? — Yes, it surely is m o r e convenient.
— N o , you'll have to get off at t h e b a n k a n d take a 192.
— C a n you tell me where to get off? T Study and practise the texts. Observe the use of prepositions of
— It's t h e next stop b u t o n e . place and movement.
6. - Am I OK for St M a r y ' s C h u r c h ? 1. T h e office of British Tourist Books is in Regent Street. It is at 22

Regent Street, in a large building called Tourism H o u s e . T h i s is near
— N o , we only go as far as t h e park, b u t you c a n walk from
Piccadilly C i r c u s , but rather far from Oxford C i r c u s . Tourism H o u s e
there.
is on the corner of C a r l t o n Street. T h e r e is a c i n e m a opposite it a n d a
— H o w m u c h further is it?
b a n k next to it.
— It's quite a way yet, b u t I'll tell you in good t i m e .
2. Sue is t a l k i n g to T i n a on t h e t e l e p h o n e . Taxi driver: Castle Road? Let me t h i n k now... Yes... Go along this
" S o you a n d Paul c a n c o m e on Tuesday! G o o d ! Now, o u r of road as far as Tesco's — t h a t ' s a large s u p e r m a r k e t .
fices are in Tourism H o u s e . We're on t h e second floor. T h e Regency T h e n t u r n left a n d Castle Road is t h e first t u r n i n g on
R e s t a u r a n t is above us. It is at the top of Tourism H o u s e , a n d we are t h e right.
just below it. You'll r e c o g n i z e t h e building easily, t h e r e are s o m e flags Brian: I see. Straight on as far as t h e s u p e r m a r k e t t h e n left...
on top of it." t h e n right.
Taxi driver: Yes, t h a t ' s right.
3. T h e r e is a c h u r c h in N o r t h Street. Next to t h e c h u r c h , on the
Brian: It's not t o o far from here, is it?
corner of East Street, t h e r e is a b o o k shop, just south of it, t h e r e is a
Taxi driver: Oh no, only a few m i n u t e s .
post office. In front of t h e post office there is a tree, a n d behind t h e Brian: O h , good. Well, t h a n k you very m u c h .
post office there is a s w i m m i n g p o o l . Opposite t h e post office t h e r e is Taxi driver: N o t at all.
a coffee bar.
[ T | W h a t i s Brian looking for? C a n t h e w o m a n help h i m ? W h o
A. Describe the location of your house/your office.
helps h i m find t h e way to Castle Road?
B. Describe your neighbourhood/the centre of the city/town.

Conversation 2
4 . T i n a a n d Paul are i n Brighton i n t h e Tourist I n f o r m a t i o n C e n t r e .
An assistant is telling t h e m t h e way from the C e n t r e to t h e D o m e Student: Excuse me, c a n you tell me t h e way to London
C o n c e r t H a l l . " W h e n you leave this building, t u r n right into B a r t o n University, please?
Street. T u r n right again into East Street. Go along East Street as far Londoner: I ' m afraid I c a n ' t . I ' m sorry. Ask t h e p o l i c e m a n over
as N o r t h Street. Cross N o r t h Street, a n d go past t h e Royal Pavilion, there. He will be able to tell you.
c o n t i n u i n g towards Victoria G a r d e n s . T u r n left into C h u r c h Street a n d Student: W h e r e is t h e p o l i c e m a n ? I c a n ' t see h i m .
there's t h e D o m e . " Londoner: Over there, on t h e o t h e r side of t h e road.
Student: O h , yes, I'll go a n d ask h i m . T h a n k you very m u c h .
Give similar instructions to a stranger who doesn't know your town
C o u l d you tell me how to get to L o n d o n University,
and can *t find his/her way round.
please?
T Listen, read and practise. Policeman: L o n d o n University? G o t o Oxford C i r c u s a n d t h e n
t a k e a bus. You c a n ' t get a b u s direct from here.
Conversation 1 Student: H o w do I get to Oxford Circus?
Policeman: Go straight along this street till you get to t h e traffic
Brian: Excuse m e . lights, t u r n right at t h e light, keep straight on a little
Woman: Yes? way, t h e n take the second t u r n i n g on your left a n d
Brian: Sorry to b o t h e r you, b u t could you tell me t h e way to t h a t brings you to Oxford Circus. You c a n ' t miss it.
Castle R o a d , please? Student: A n d what bus must I take w h e n I get there?
Woman: I ' m afraid I've no idea. I ' m a stranger here myself. Policeman: T h e 73.
Brian: O h , I see. Well, t h a n k you anyway. Student: A n d what stop must I go to?
Woman: Sorry, I c o u l d n ' t help. Policeman: G o o d g e Street. Book to G o o d g e Street a n d ask t h e
b u s c o n d u c t o r to tell you when you get t h e r e .
(He walks for a little while. He comes up to a taxi driver.)
Student: O n e m o r e t h i n g , how long will it take me to get to
Brian: Excuse m e . the University?
Taxi driver: Yes? W h a t is it? Policeman: About half an hour, I t h i n k .
Brian: C o u l d you tell me how to get to Castle R o a d , please? Student: 1 must h u r r y t h e n . I m u s t n ' t be late. M a n y t h a n k s .
(Later at Oxford Circus) " I ' l l tell you where to get off," answered t h e c o n d u c t o r .
I sat in the front of t h e bus to get a good view of t h e countryside.
Student: D o e s t h e 73 b u s stop here?
After s o m e t i m e t h e b u s s t o p p e d . L o o k i n g r o u n d , I realized with a
Passer-by: N o , you're i n t h e w r o n g q u e u e .
shock t h a t I was t h e only passenger left on t h e bus.
Student: W h e r e does it stop, please?
"You'll have to get off h e r e , " said t h e c o n d u c t o r . " T h i s is as far as
Passer-by: It stops just r o u n d t h e corner.
we go."
Student: T h a n k you.
" I s t h i s Woodford G r e e n ? " I asked.
Passer-by: T h e r e ' s a 73 c o m i n g now. If you h u r r y you'll
" O h dear," said t h e c o n d u c t o r suddenly. "I forgot to put you off."
c a t c h it.
" I t d o e s n ' t m a t t e r , " I said. " I ' l l get off h e r e . "
Student (to bus conductor): D o e s t h i s bus go to G o o d g e Street? " W e are going back now," said t h e c o n d u c t o r .
Bus conductor: G o o d g e Street? Yes, t h a t ' s right.
"Well, in t h a t case, I prefer to stay on t h e b u s , " I answered.
Student: W o u l d you tell me w h e n I get t h e r e , please?
Bus conductor: Yes, I'll tell you. J u m p on now. You're h o l d i n g up [У| W h e r e did t h e writer w a n t to go? D i d he k n o w t h e way or not?
t h e queue. W h a t did t h e c o n d u c t o r p r o m i s e to do? D i d t h e y arrive at t h e
b u s t e r m i n u s o r not? W h a t did t h e writer ask? W h a t did t h e
[У] W h a t is t h e student looking for? W h o helps h i m find L o n d o n c o n d u c t o r realize t h e n ? W h y did t h e writer stay o n t h e bus?
University? W h a t d i r e c t i o n s does t h e p o l i c e m a n give t h e stu
dent? Linda Is Going to Marble Arch
A. Now work in pairs taking turns to ask for and give directions from L i n d a Blake is a y o u n g j o u r n a l i s t . Yesterday she went to an inter
point X to the following: view for a j o b with t h e E B C .
1. t h e b a n k ; 2. t h e post office; 3. t h e police station; 4. t h e chem T h e interview was at 10 o'clock. T h e c o m p a n y ' s h e a d q u a r t e r s was
near Marble Arch, in the centre of London.
ist's; 5. t h e c i n e m a ; 6. t h e s u p e r m a r k e t ; 7. t h e library; 8. t h e railway
She got on a b u s at 9.15. It was a n u m b e r 79. T h e c o n d u c t o r asked
station; 9. t h e hotel; 10. t h e hospital
for h e r fare. She told h i m she was going to Marble A r c h .
B. Act out the following situations. " W e d o n ' t go to M a r b l e A r c h . T h i s is a 79. You w a n t a 79A," he
said. T h e n he told h e r she could c a t c h a 79A at t h e next stop.
1. You've got a new flat a n d are going to have a h o u s e - w a r m i n g
She got off a n d waited at t h e next stop. She looked at her w a t c h .
party. You've invited some of your friends. At t h e m o m e n t you are tell
She did not have very m u c h t i m e . A n o t h e r w o m a n was at t h e stop, t o o .
ing your friend how to get to your place.
She told L i n d a t h a t t h e 79A did n o t stop t h e r e but up t h e r o a d .
2. You a r r a n g e d to m e e t your friend at his/her office. At t h e mo
T h e n she asked L i n d a where she w a n t e d to go.
m e n t he/she is telling you how to get t h e r e .
" M a r b l e A r c h , " L i n d a answered. " Y o u w a n t an 89B t h e n , n o t a
3. It's d i n n e r t i m e . You are hungry. You stop a passer-by a n d ask
79A!" t h e w o m a n said.
h i m / h e r t h e way t o t h e nearest r e s t a u r a n t .
L i n d a got on an 89B. It was now 9.45. M a r b l e A r c h was only a m i l e
away. She asked the c o n d u c t o r how long it t o o k to get there.
Listening " I t takes about half an h o u r t h i s t i m e of t h e day. It's all t h e traffic.
I Forgot to Put You Off If you're in a hurry, you o u g h t to t a k e t h e U n d e r g r o u n d or walk. It's

m u c h faster!" t h e c o n d u c t o r answered.
I love travelling in t h e country, b u t I d o n ' t like losing my way.
I went on an excursion recently, b u t my t r i p t o o k me longer t h a n I ex [У| W h e r e did L i n d a want to go? W h y did she w a n t to go there?
pected. W h a t h a p p e n e d o n t h e first bus? W h a t did L i n d a f i n d out
" I ' m going to Woodford G r e e n , " I said to t h e c o n d u c t o r as I got w h e n she got off t h e first bus? D e s c r i b e what h a p p e n e d on t h e
on t h e bus, " b u t I d o n ' t k n o w where it is." second b u s (the 89).
по
street. It's easier to call a taxi c o m p a n y listed in t h e Yellow Pages a n d
On a London Bus
ask t h e m to send a cab to your door. T h e m e t e r will show the a m o u n t
A strange t h i n g h a p p e n e d to H e n r i yesterday. He was on a b u s a n d you have to pay. T h e driver will usually expect a tip of at least 10%.
w a n t e d to get off. So he stood up a n d rang t h e bell. To m a k e sure t h e In N e w York, cabs are everywhere on t h e streets, a n d cabbies expect
driver heard h i m , he rang it twice, but t h e b u s d i d n ' t stop, a n d t h e a tip of 15%.
conductor came and shouted at him.
T h e c o n d u c t o r was s o a n n o y e d a n d spoke s o fast, t h a t H e n r i d i d n ' t Fluency
u n d e r s t a n d a word. T h e bus s t o p p e d at t h e next b u s stop a n d H e n r i got
/. Answer the questions.
off. As he got off he h e a r d s o m e o n e say: "I t h i n k h e ' s a foreigner."
W h e n H e n r i got h o m e , h e told his landlady about t h e incident. A. W h a t is t h e traffic in your city like? W h a t k i n d of city t r a n s p o r t
" H o w m a n y t i m e s did you ring t h e b e l l ? " she asked. " T w i c e , " said do you like? W h a t is t h e most convenient k i n d of city t r a n s p o r t ? At
H e n r i . "Well, t h a t ' s t h e signal for t h e driver to go o n , " his landlady what t i m e d o e s t h e bus service begin in your city? Till what t i m e do
explained. " O n l y t h e c o n d u c t o r is allowed to ring t h e bell twice. T h a t ' s buses r u n ? W h a t do we call t h e h o u r s w h e n t h e city t r a n s p o r t carries
why h e got s o a n n o y e d . " H e n r i n o d d e d . " I see," h e said. t h e greatest n u m b e r of passengers? W h e n are buses usually full? W h a t
do we call t h e m o n e y passengers pay for t h e i r t r i p on buses? W h a t
|У] W h e r e was H e n r i ? W h a t did he w a n t to do? H o w did H e n r i in is t h e fare on t h e M o s c o w buses? A r e t h e r e c o n d u c t o r s on buses in
dicate to t h e driver t h a t he w a n t e d to get off? H o w m a n y t i m e s M o s c o w ? Have you ever travelled abroad? W h a t c o u n t r i e s have you
did he ring t h e bell? D i d t h e b u s stop? W h a t did t h e c o n d u c t o r visited? Is t h e public t r a n s p o r t in t h o s e c o u n t r i e s different from t h e
do? W h y c o u l d n ' t H e n r i u n d e r s t a n d t h e c o n d u c t o r ? Was t h e public t r a n s p o r t in this c o u n t r y ?
c o n d u c t o r a n n o y e d ? W h o is allowed to ring t h e bell twice?
B. W h a t street do you live in? W h e r e do you work? Is your office
far from your house? H o w do you get to work? W h a t n u m b e r bus do
Reading you t a k e to get to work? Do you have to c h a n g e on your way to work?
Getting Around W h e r e do you change? H o w long d o e s it take you to get to work? H o w
did you get here? H o w long did it take you? Have you ever b e e n lost in
G e t t i n g a r o u n d a city on public t r a n s p o r t a t i o n in t h e US is gener
a large city? W h e r e ? W h e n ? Have you ever h a d to give directions to a
ally n o t as easy as it is in m a n y o t h e r c o u n t r i e s , but it is possible. O n l y
stranger in this town/city? Do you always buy a m a p w h e n you go to a
a few cities have subways, but most t o w n s of 50 000 or m o r e have s o m e
new city in t h i s c o u n t r y or abroad? W h y / W h y not?
k i n d of city b u s service.
T h e r e are several ways to pay for b u s t r a n s p o r t a t i o n in t h e city. 2. Speak on:
In s o m e cities, you d r o p your m o n e y i n t o t h e fare box. In o t h e r s , you
a) t h e public t r a n s p o r t in your city/town;
have to buy tickets before you get on the bus. In s o m e you c a n buy a
b) how you get to work;
special pass to be used for t h e day, week or m o n t h . A n d in s o m e you
buy tokens, w h i c h look s o m e t h i n g like c o i n s , a n d you use t h e m to get c) your experience in finding t h e way in this c o u n t r y or abroad.
on t h e b u s a n d e n t e r t h e subway.
3. Compare the public transport in your city/town and the public
Subways in cities are k n o w n by different n a m e s . In B o s t o n , t h e
transport in the country you visited some time ago.
system i s t h e M T A , s o m e t i m e s called " t h e T " . W a s h i n g t o n , D.C., h a s
a new subway they call t h e M e t r o , a n d t h e San F r a n c i s c o Bay Area's 4. Act out the following situations.
system is B A R T — Bay A r e a R a p i d Transit. In N e w York, it's t h e sub
way, but people often say t h e n a m e of t h e line, e.g., t h e 8th Avenue. 1. An English speaker stops you in t h e street in your h o m e town or
A n d in C h i c a g o , t h e tracks are partly u n d e r g r o u n d a n d partly elevated, city a n d asks you t h e way (in English) to the post office (the railway
a n d people call t h e system " t h e el". station, etc.). W h a t do you say: a) if you are not sure where it is or are
If you c a n ' t get where you w a n t to by bus or subway, you c a n always in t o o m u c h of a h u r r y to give c o m p l i c a t e d directions to a stranger; b) if
take a cab. In m a n y cities it is a l m o s t impossible to stop a cab on t h e you know where it is a n d c a n explain quite easily how to get there.
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь 11 UNIT 10 113
112
2. You are t a l k i n g to an English visitor to t h i s c o u n t r y . He/she asks t h e road ... (12) t h e b a n k . S o m e c h i l d r e n a n d a dog are r u n n i n g ... (13)
you about places t h a t he/she should visit. You m a k e suggestions where the street ... (14) t h e cafe*. A c a r is waiting ... (15) some traffic lights
to go, what to see a n d h o w to get t h e r e . ... (16) t h e s u p e r m a r k e t . S o m e people are crossing t h e road ... (17) t h e
car. T h e r e is a telephone box ... (18) t h e c o r n e r of t h e street ... (19) t h e
Write a conversation in dialogue form between a businessman s u p e r m a r k e t . A y o u n g m a n is walking ... (20) t h e corner.
and an old woman. The man is in a hurry to get to an ap
pointment, but can't find the street. He asks the old woman, 2. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
who wants to be as helpful as she can.
— Excuse m e , c a n you tell me t h e way ... (1) Trafalgar Square?
— Certainly. Go ... (2) Regent Street ... (3) Piccadilly C i r c u s a n d
Self Check t h e n go ... (4) t h e H a y m a r k e t . T u r n ... (5) t h e left... (6) t h e b o t t o m a n d
... (7) less t h a n a m i n u t e you'll be ... (8) Trafalgar Square.
Complete the description of the scene in the picture using the words
— T h a n k you very m u c h . H o w far is it ... (9) here?
from the box. Use each word only once.
— If you walk, it'll take you 10 m i n u t e s or a q u a r t e r ... (10) an
behind in front of outside inside up down on hour.
onto off into out of along across at round
— Is there a bus?
towards near past next to opposite between
— T h e r e ' s sure to be, b u t you'd better ask t h e p o l i c e m a n over t h e r e .
H e ' l l give you all t h e i n f o r m a t i o n you want.
— T h a n k you.
— Excuse m e , officer, is there a b u s ... (11) here ... (12) Trafalgar
Square?
— Yes, sir, a n y bus will take you. T h e r e ' s a b u s stop just over t h e r e .
Ask t h e c o n d u c t o r to p u t you d o w n ... (13) Trafalgar Square.
— T h a n k you.
— D o e s this b u s go ... (14) Trafalgar Square?
— Yes, sir. C o m e along. H u r r y u p . No r o o m ... (15) t o p , ... (16)
only. No s t a n d i n g ... (17) t h e platform. Pass ... (18) t h e bus, please.
Sorry, full u p . Sorry, sir, you c a n ' t smoke ... (19), you'll have to wait
until t h e r e ' s r o o m upstairs. Fares, please.
— Trafalgar Square, please, a n d will you tell me w h e n we get
there?
— Trafalgar Square. T h i s is where you get ... (20), sir.
— T h a n k you.
3. Fill in the gaps with prepositions. Add other words if necessary (e.g.
the, a).
In N e w York 1 went a r o u n d ... (1) foot mainly. You c a n visit t h e

T h e r e is a cafd between a s u p e r m a r k e t a n d a post office. A w o m a n Statue of Liberty ... (2) b o a t , a n d ... (3) boat I met a n o t h e r E n g l i s h m a n .
is c o m i n g ... (1) t h e s u p e r m a r k e t . S o m e people are sitting ... (2) t h e We d e c i d e d to go together to S a n F r a n c i s c o ... (4) bus, b e c a u s e it's
cafe". ... (3) t h e post office is a b a n k . A m a n is getting ... (4) a b u s ... c h e a p e r t h a n going ... (5) t r a i n or ... (6) plane. Altogether we spent
(5) t h e b a n k . ... (6) t h e b u s t h e r e is a girl getting ... (7) a motorbike. four days a n d nights ... (7) bus. We w a n t e d to go r o u n d San F r a n c i s c o
An old m a n is going ... (8) s o m e steps ... (9) t h e post office; a y o u n g ... (8) car, a cousin of m i n e lent me his car, but after we'd b e e n ... (9)
w o m a n is c o m i n g ... (10) t h e steps. A n o t h e r w o m a n is w a l k i n g ... (11) c a r for only a few h o u r s , it broke d o w n . By this t i m e it was m i d n i g h t ,
a n d we started to go back to my cousin's house ... (10) foot, but a lorry

driver stopped a n d t o o k us back ... (11) lorry. I c a m e back to L o n d o n
... (12) air, a n d I c a n tell you I was t o o tired to t a l k to a n y o n e ... (13)
plane! I t h i n k it would be great to do t h e trip from N e w York to San
F r a n c i s c o ... (14) motorbike. T h e r e ' s a b o o k about a m a n w h o t o o k his U n i t 11
small son right across t h e States ... (15) old motorbike.
G R A M M A R : Past Perfect. Past Perfect Continuous.
Future Perfect. Future Perfect Continuous
1. — И з в и н и т е , с э р . З д е с ь о с т а н а в л и в а е т с я автобус № 27?
— Д а . Куда вы х о т и т е проехать? PAST P E R F E C T
— В аэропорт. PAST P E R F E C T C O N T I N U O U S
— 27 довезет в а с туда.
— Спасибо. Illustrative Situations
2. — И з в и н и т е , с э р , б о ю с ь , ч т о я з а б л у д и л а с ь . Вы не м о ж е т е
мне помочь? A. 1. I went to a p a r t y last week. T o m went to t h e party, t o o . T o m
— Куда в а м н а д о п р о й т и ? went h o m e at 10.30. So, when I arrived at 11 o'clock, Tom wasn't t h e r e .
— В гостиницу «Минск». He had gone h o m e .
— Э т о в п я т и к в а р т а л а х отсюда. И д и т е п о э т о й у л и ц е д о 2. As I was going to t h e station some days ago it began to rain.
с в е т о ф о р а . В ы в и д и т е его? F o r t u n a t e l y I h a d t a k e n an umbrella a n d put on my r a i n c o a t .
-Да. 3. Yesterday I h a d a spare ticket for a c o n c e r t . I knew t h a t my
— З а т е м п о в е р н и т е н а л е в о у с в е т о ф о р а , п р о й д и т е т р и квар c o u s i n had already passed her e x a m s a n d I invited her to t h e c o n c e r t .
тала и вы у в и д и т е г о с т и н и ц у « М и н с к » . 4. T h e o t h e r day I met my s c h o o l m a t e . He said he had spent a
— Спасибо. m o n t h at t h e seaside a n d enjoyed his holidays there.
— Не с т о и т б л а г о д а р н о с т и . 5. R i c h a r d went h o m e a few m i n u t e s early yesterday. A few min
utes after he h a d left, his boss p h o n e d a n d asked to see h i m urgently.
3. — П р о с т и т е , к а к доехать до Ц е н т р а л ь н о г о У н и в е р м а г а ?
He was very a n g r y w h e n R i c h a r d ' s secretary told h i m he had gone.
— С а д и т е с ь на автобус 84 и п о е з ж а й т е до о с т а н о в к и
R i c h a r d had already gone when his boss p h o n e d .
« Ц е н т р а л ь н ы й Универмаг». У вас уйдет около двадцати
6. Last Saturday we had a party. S o m e guests were late. We sat
м и н у т , ч т о б ы д о е х а т ь туда. П о п р о с и т е к о г о - н и б у д ь ска
d o w n to d i n n e r only w h e n all t h e guests h a d arrived.
з а т ь в а м , где в ы й т и .
7. I went to t h e movies after I h a d d o n e my test.
— Спасибо.
8. W h e n Mr H a n s o n was leaving t h e office he asked his secretary
— Н е за ч т о .
to type s o m e letters. She h a d t y p e d all t h e letters by t h e t i m e Mr
4. — П р о с т и т е , э т о т автобус и д е т до в о к з а л а ? H a n s o n c a m e back.
— Нет, в а м н у ж е н № 31. Он д о в е з е т вас п р я м о до в о к з а л а . 9. By 7 o'clock I had packed my suitcases a n d was ready to start.
10. Last m o n t h I was in L o n d o n . I had d o n e a lot of sightseeing
5. — К а к и м т р о л л е й б у с о м ты е д е ш ь на работу? before I left L o n d o n .
— Я не е з ж у т р о л л е й б у с о м . В н а ч а л е я еду на автобусе, а за 11. W h e n I called on Peter last week, 1 found h i m in b e d . He
тем п е р е с а ж и в а ю с ь н а м е т р о . looked pale, as he h a d b e e n seriously ill for a m o n t h .
12. S o m e weeks ago I had a party. My friend Victor d i d n ' t c o m e
6. — Вы не с к а ж е т е , е с т ь ли н е д а л е к о о т с ю д а п о ч т а ?
to t h e p a r t y as he h a d left for G e n e v a t h e day before.
— В конце улицы.
13. W h e n I met R o b e r t last m o n t h he told me he h a d b o u g h t a c a r
the previous week.
14. Yesterday m o r n i n g I got up a n d looked out of t h e window. T h e 3. Mr J o h n s o n was no longer alive. He (die).
s u n was s h i n i n g but t h e g r o u n d was wet. It h a d been r a i n i n g . 4. I d i d n ' t recognize M r s J o h n s o n . She (change) a lot.
It wasn't r a i n i n g w h e n I looked out of t h e window; t h e sun was 5. Bill no longer h a d his car. He (sell) it.
s h i n i n g . But it h a d b e e n r a i n i n g . T h a t ' s why t h e g r o u n d was wet.
15. W h e n the boys c a m e into t h e house, their clothes were dirty, 2. Complete the sentences, as in the example. Use the verbs in brackets.
their hair was untidy a n d o n e h a d a black eye. T h e y h a d been fighting.
Mr and M r s Davis were in an aeroplane. They were very nervous
16. W h e n I entered J a n e ' s r o o m yesterday I saw t h a t her eyes were
as the plane took off because they (fly) ...
red. I u n d e r s t o o d t h a t she h a d b e e n crying.
17. W h e n I called on my friend t h e o t h e r day he was writing a They were very nervous because they had never flown before.
report. He said he h a d b e e n working at it for a m o n t h . 1. T h e w o m a n was a c o m p l e t e stranger to m e . I (see) ... 2. M a r g a r e t
В. 1. — Fred h a d studied F r e n c h for ten years before he went to was late for work. H e r boss was very surprised. She (be late) ... 3. J a n e t
France. played t e n n i s yesterday — at least she tried to play t e n n i s . She wasn't
— C o u l d he u n d e r s t a n d F r e n c h people w h e n he arrived in very good at it because she (play) ... 4. It was Keith's first driving les
France? son. He was very nervous a n d d i d n ' t know what to do. He (drive) ...
— Yes, he could, b u t not very well. 5. She found it difficult to c o m p u t e . She (compute) ...
2. — I m e t Bill last Friday. He told me he h a d w r i t t e n a b o o k . 3. Make sentences using the words and word combinations in brackets.
— Wasn't he j o k i n g ?
— Yes, he probably was. I wasn't hungry. (I/just/have/lunch)
I had just had lunch.
3. — I p h o n e d H a r r y yesterday. He said he h a d m a d e a discovery.
— Wasn't he joking? 1. T o m w a s n ' t at h o m e w h e n I arrived, (he/just/go out) 2. We
— Yes, he m i g h t have. arrived at t h e c i n e m a late, (the film/already/begin) 3. T h e y w e r e n ' t
4. — K a t e was very clever as a child. e a t i n g w h e n I went to see t h e m , (they/just/finish/their d i n n e r ) 4. I in
— Was she really? vited A n n t o d i n n e r last n i g h t but she c o u l d n ' t c o m e , (she/already/
— O h , yes. By t h e t i m e she was t h r e e , she'd learned to d a n c e . a r r a n g e / t o do s m t h . else) 5. I was very pleased to see N o r a after such
— H o w remarkable! a long t i m e . (I/not/see/her/for 5 years) 6. I knew t h e a c t o r well. ( I /
s e e / h i m / i n / m a n y plays) 7. J a n e was busy in t h e kitchen, (she/not/
5. — H o w long have you k n o w n J i m Black?
c o o k / d i n n e r / y e t ) 8. R o b e r t was late for t h e lecture, ( h e / m i s s / t h e 8
— F o r six years. I m e t h i m at my uncle's six years ago.
o'clock t r a i n )
— H o w long h a d he b e e n a t e a c h e r at t h a t time?
— F o r about two years. 4. Join the sentences together. Do it, as in the examples.
6. — I h e a r you h a d a t e l e p h o n e call from E d w a r d yesterday.
a) We came to the stadium. The football match started.
— Yes, I did. He p h o n e d to tell me he h a d got m a r r i e d .
When we came to the stadium the football match had already
— W h a t else did he say?
— He said he was going to F l o r i d a . started.
1. She p h o n e d m e . I packed my luggage. 2. I found h e r carriage.

Practice She got off the t r a i n . 3. I r e t u r n e d h o m e . T h e guests left. 4. We got to
t h e station. O u r t r a i n went out. 5. I c a m e h o m e . My son went to t h e
1. Complete the following sentences using the verbs in brackets.
c i n e m a . 6. I p h o n e d Lucy. She left t h e house.
You went back to your home town after many years and found that
many things were different. b) The inspector examined my suitcases. I went to the train.
1. My friend H e n r y was no longer there. He (go) away. After the inspector had examined my suitcases I went to the
2. T h e local c i n e m a was no longer o p e n . It (close) d o w n . train.
1. Не had d i n n e r . Не went to t h e movies. 2. She wrote t h e letter. b e a c h , she looked very red from t h e s u n . (she/lie in t h e s u n / t o o long)
She went to t h e post office. 3. He finished work. He left t h e office. 3. T h e two boys c a m e i n t o t h e house. T h e y h a d a football a n d they
4. He saw his friend off. T h e n he r e t u r n e d h o m e . 5. She felt well. She were b o t h very tired, (they/play) 4. A n n woke up in t h e m i d d l e of t h e
t o o k some pills. night. She was frightened a n d she d i d n ' t k n o w where she was. (she/
d r e a m ) 5. T h e streets were wet. (it/rain)
c) The rain stopped. We went out.
The rain had stopped before we went out. 7. Make sentences for the following situations.
1. She got off t h e t r a i n . I reached t h e platform. 2. She passed all It was 3 o'clock when Jill went out to look for her son and 6 o'clock
h e r exams. She left for Moscow. 3. I listened to t h e news. I began to do when she found him.
my exercises. 4. She studied English well. She went to L o n d o n . 5. We Jill had been looking for her son for three hours before she found
r e t u r n e d h o m e . It got dark. him.
d) I booked a ticket. I phoned Bill. 1. Roger M o r g a n got his first j o b in t h e film industry w h e n he was
As soon as I had booked a ticket I phoned Bill. 20. He m a d e his first film w h e n he was 25. 2. Roy s t a r t e d studying
for his d o c t o r a t e w h e n he was 25. He got it w h e n he was 30. 3. M a r y
1. He reserved a r o o m at t h e hotel. He went to t h e post office.
s t a r t e d in t h e s h o p w h e n she was 19. W h e n she was 29, she b e c a m e
2. He paid t h e bill. He left the hotel. 3. She finished work. She went
t h e m a n a g e r e s s . 4. Miss R o a c h began her driving lessons in J a n u a r y
out for a walk. 4. I cooked d i n n e r . I b e g a n to lay t h e table. 5. I did the
2006. She d i d n ' t pass her test u n t i l J a n u a r y 2007. 5. She s t a r t e d t h e
test. I left t h e I n s t i t u t e .
c o m p o s i t i o n at 8 in t h e evening. She gave it up at m i d n i g h t a n d went
e) Mr Jones came home. H i s son repaired the TV set. to bed. 6. Roger went to t h e b u s stop at 7. It was 7.30 w h e n t h e b u s
By the time Mr Jones came home his son had repaired the c a m e . 7. You ordered t h e meal at 2, a n d t h e waiter b r o u g h t it at 3. 8.
TV set. T h e y went for a walk in t h e p a r k at 11. It was 12 w h e n it b e g a n to r a i n .
9. Peter a n d I a r r a n g e d to m e e t at 6 but he c a m e only at 6.30. 10. T h e
1. T h e boss r e t u r n e d . T h e secretary xeroxed t h e d o c u m e n t s . 2. I got p r o g r a m m e was interesting. I s t a r t e d to w a t c h TV at 9 w h e n t h e tele
to t h e station at six. My friend b o o k e d t h e tickets. 3. He c a m e h o m e . p h o n e rang at 10.
H i s wife m a d e supper. 4. She p h o n e d m e . I packed my suitcases. 5. We
reached t h e station. T h e t r a i n left. 8. Fill in with Past Perfect Continuous or Past Continuous.
1. T o m was l e a n i n g against t h e wall, out of b r e a t h . He ( r u n ) .

5. Complete the following.
2. I tried to c a t c h Tom b u t I c o u l d n ' t . He (run/very fast). 3. J i m was
By five o'clock yesterday ... o n his h a n d s a n d k n e e s o n t h e floor. H e (look/for his cigarette lighter).
By five o'clock yesterday I had translated the article. 4. We (walk) along t h e road for about 20 m i n u t e s when a c a r stopped
a n d t h e driver offered us a lift. 5. W h e n I arrived everyone was sitting
1. By t h e e n d of t h e m o n t h ... . 2. ... by 2003. 3. ... by 6 o'clock.
r o u n d t h e table with t h e i r m o u t h s full. T h e y (eat). 6. W h e n I arrived,
4. By the b e g i n n i n g of t h e year ... . 5. By 8 o'clock ... . 6. By J a n u a r y
A n n (wait) for m e . She was r a t h e r a n n o y e d with me because she (wait)
... . 7. ... by t h e e n d of t h e lesson.
for a long t i m e .
6. Complete the situations.
9. Fill in with Past Simple or Past Perfect.
Tom was watching television. He was feeling very tired, (he/study/
1. T h e house was very quiet w h e n I got h o m e . Everybody (go) to
hard/all day) bed. 2. I felt very tired w h e n I got h o m e , so I (go) straight to bed.
He had been studying hard all day. 3. I h a d b e e n looking for my textbook for an h o u r w h e n at last I (find)
1. W h e n I entered t h e r o o m , it was empty. But t h e r e was a smell it in t h e laboratory. 4. M a r y looked happy. She said she (find) h e r ring.
of cigarettes. S o m e b o d y (smoke). 2. W h e n M a r y c a m e back from t h e 5. Julia (not, finish) work w h e n J i m got to the office. 6. I (finish) my
h o m e w o r k at 6 a n d went o u t for a walk. 7. J a n e (wash) t h e dishes, dried work at 6.30, t i r e d a n d hungry. He was l o o k i n g forward to a g o o d
t h e m a n d p u t t h e m i n t o t h e c u p b o a r d . 8 . Tom called m e t h i s a f t e r n o o n meal a t h o m e , b u t w h e n h e arrived h o m e , Jill h a d gone o u t . T h e r e was
a n d invited me to go out for a walk, but I c o u l d n ' t as I (not, wash) t h e a n o t e for h i m o n t h e k i t c h e n table: " G o n e out. C h e e s e sandwiches
w i n d o w s yet. in t h e fridge."
Fluency The Most Important Thing
T Study and practise. Roger t h o u g h t he was all p r e p a r e d for his d i n n e r p a r t y last night.
He h a d sent invitations to his boss a n d all t h e people at t h e office.
An Amusing Experience H e h a d looked t h r o u g h several c o o k b o o k s a n d h a d found some very
interesting recipes. He h a d even gone all t h e way d o w n t o w n to buy im
I h a d an a m u s i n g e x p e r i e n c e last year. After I h a d left a s m a l l
p o r t e d fruit, vegetables, a n d cheese w h i c h he n e e d e d for his d i n n e r .
village i n t h e s o u t h o f F r a n c e , I drove o n t o t h e n e x t t o w n . O n t h e
However, as s o o n as Roger's doorbell r a n g a n d his guests arrived,
way a y o u n g m a n waved to m e . I s t o p p e d a n d he asked me for a
he realized t h a t he h a d forgotten to p u t t h e food in t h e oven.
lift. A s s o o n a s h e h a d got i n t o t h e car, I said g o o d m o r n i n g t o h i m
Roger felt very foolish. He c o u l d n ' t believe what he h a d d o n e . He
in F r e n c h a n d he replied in t h e s a m e l a n g u a g e . A p a r t from a few
t h o u g h t he was all p r e p a r e d for his d i n n e r party, but he h a d forgotten
w o r d s I d o n o t k n o w a n y F r e n c h a t all. N e i t h e r o f u s spoke d u r i n g
to do the most important thing.
t h e j o u r n e y . I h a d nearly r e a c h e d t h e t o w n w h e n t h e y o u n g m a n
said very slowly, " D o you s p e a k E n g l i s h ? " As I s o o n l e a r n t he was
Days Gone By
English himself.
M i c h a e l t o o k a very special t r i p last m o n t h . He went back to
He Often Does This F u l l e r t o n , his h o m e t o w n . Michael's visit to F u l l e r t o n was very special
t o h i m . H e was b o r n t h e r e . H e grew u p t h e r e . But h e h a d n ' t b e e n back
After I h a d h a d l u n c h at a village i n n , I looked for my bag. I h a d
t h e r e since he finished h i g h school.
left it on a c h a i r beside t h e d o o r a n d now it wasn't t h e r e . As I was
H e went t o places h e h a d n ' t gone t o i n ( = for) years. H e walked
looking for it, t h e i n n - k e e p e r c a m e in. " D i d you have a good m e a l ? "
t h r o u g h t h e p a r k i n t h e center o f t o w n a n d r e m e m b e r e d t h e days h e
he asked. "Yes, t h a n k you," I answered, " b u t I c a n ' t pay t h e bill.
h a d walked t h r o u g h t h a t s a m e p a r k with his first girlfriend. H e p a s s e d
I haven't got my bag." T h e i n n - k e e p e r smiled a n d i m m e d i a t e l y went
by t h e e m p t y field where he a n d his friends h a d played baseball every
out. In a few m i n u t e s he r e t u r n e d with my bag a n d gave it back to m e .
day, after school. A n d he stood for a while in front of t h e movie the
" I ' m very sorry," h e said. " M y dog h a d t a k e n i t i n t o t h e g a r d e n . H e
ater a n d t h o u g h t a b o u t all t h e Saturday a f t e r n o o n s h e h a d spent t h e r e
often d o e s t h i s . "
sitting in t h e balcony, w a t c h i n g his favorite movie heroes, a n d eating
A Busy Day popcorn.
H e did t h i n g s h e h a d n ' t d o n e i n a long t i m e . H e h a d some home
Steve was very busy at t h e office today. At 10.15 he h a d a l r e a d y m a d e ice c r e a m a t t h e ice c r e a m shop. H e r o d e o n t h e m e r r y - g o - r o u n d
m a d e eleven p h o n e calls. By 11.15 he h a d w r i t t e n t h r e e s e p a r a t e re in t h e park. A n d he went fishing at t h e lake on t h e outskirts of t o w n .
p o r t s on an a c c i d e n t , a h o l d - u p , a n d a b o m b scare. At 12 o'clock he F o r a little while, he felt like a kid again. He h a d n ' t h a d h o m e - m a d e
arrived at H e a t h r o w A i r p o r t — t h e week before, he h a d a r r a n g e d an ice c r e a m , r i d d e n on a m e r r y - g o - r o u n d , or gone fishing since he was
interview with a British Airways representative. U n f o r t u n a t e l y , t h e
a y o u n g boy.
m a n was late. Steve was hungry, b u t h e c o u l d n ' t g o t o l u n c h u n t i l h e
He also saw people he h a d n ' t seen in years. He visited several of
h a d interviewed t h e representative, so he o n l y h a d a cheese s a n d w i c h .
his old neighbors w h o h a d n ' t ever moved o u t of t h e n e i g h b o r h o o d . He
T h e representative finally arrived at 12.45. He h a d j u s t c o m e from an
said hello to t h e owners of t h e c a n d y store n e a r his house. A n d he even
i m p o r t a n t m e e t i n g . T h e interview lasted till 1.30 a n d at 2.15 Steve
b u m p e d i n t o M r s Hiley, his t e n t h - g r a d e science teacher!
h a d a n o t h e r a p p o i n t m e n t in t o w n . At 3 o'clock he still h a d n ' t h a d
D u r i n g his visit t o his h o m e t o w n , M i c h a e l r e m e m b e r e d places h e
a n y l u n c h , s o h e b o u g h t a n o t h e r cheese sandwich. H e finally finished
h a d n ' t gone t o , t h i n g s h e h a d n ' t d o n e , a n d p e o p l e h e h a d n ' t seen since
his c h i l d h o o d . M i c h a e l ' s t r i p back t o F u l l e r t o n b r o u g h t back m a n y away. It t o o k me twenty m i n u t e s to find a n o t h e r space. As soon as

m e m o r i e s of days gone by. I h a d parked t h e car, I r u s h e d back to t h e b a n k . I was ten m i n u t e s late
for my interview. I went to t h e m a n a g e r ' s office, k n o c k e d a n d walked
Notes: center а м е р . = c e n t r e
in. T h e m a n a g e r was sitting b e h i n d the desk. He was t h e m a n w h o h a d
t h e a t e r амер. — t h e a t r e
t a k e n my p a r k i n g space!
favorite амер. = favourite
neighbor амер. = n e i g h b o u r
Everything Except the Weather
Readers' Letters My old friend, H a r r i s o n , h a d lived in t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n for m a n y
years before he r e t u r n e d to England. He h a d often d r e a m e d of retiring
Have you ever h a d an e m b a r r a s s i n g experience? Last week we
i n E n g l a n d a n d h a d p l a n n e d t o settle d o w n i n t h e country. H e h a d n o
asked readers to tell us about e m b a r r a s s i n g experiences. We received
s o o n e r r e t u r n e d t h a n he b o u g h t a fine h o u s e a n d went to live t h e r e .
h u n d r e d s of letters! H e r e is a selection.
A l m o s t i m m e d i a t e l y he began to c o m p l a i n about t h e weather, for even
t h o u g h it was still s u m m e r , it r a i n e d c o n t i n u a l l y a n d it was often bit
1) A Smart Teacher
terly cold. After so m a n y years of s u n s h i n e , H a r r i s o n got a shock. He
My most embarrassing experience h a p p e n e d w h e n I h a d just left a c t e d as if he h a d never lived in E n g l a n d before. In t h e end, it was
t h e university. I h a d just started t e a c h t i n g in a Liverpool s e c o n d a r y m o r e t h a n h e could bear. H e h a d hardly h a d t i m e t o settle d o w n w h e n
school. O n e m o r n i n g my a l a r m clock d i d n ' t ring. I h a d forgotten to he sold t h e h o u s e a n d left t h e country. T h e d r e a m he h a d had for so
w i n d it u p . I woke up at half past eight a n d school b e g a n at n i n e . m a n y years e n d e d there. H a r r i s o n h a d t h o u g h t of everything except
I quickly washed, shaved, dressed, j u m p e d i n t o my c a r a n d drove to t h e weather.
school. W h e n I arrived t h e s t u d e n t s h a d already gone i n t o class. After
two or t h r e e m i n u t e s t h e s t u d e n t s b e g a n laughing, a n d I c o u l d n ' t un Herbert's Homecoming
d e r s t a n d why. S u d d e n l y I looked d o w n a n d u n d e r s t o o d . I h a d p u t on
H e r b e r t M a r s h a l l was a student at C a m b r i d g e , b u t his h o m e t o w n
o n e black shoe a n d o n e b r o w n shoe!
was St Albans. It was August a n d t h e family h a d gone to t h e seaside.
H e r b e r t went to F r a n c e for his holiday, b u t he r a n out of money, a n d
2) Hand in Hand
c a m e h o m e a week earlier t h a n he h a d expected to.
T h e m o s t e m b a r r a s s i n g experience I've ever h a d h a p p e n e d two H i s t r a i n d i d n ' t get i n t o St A l b a n s u n t i l just before m i d n i g h t . T h e
years ago. My wife a n d I h a d driven i n t o t o w n to do s o m e shopping. last b u s h a d gone, so he had to walk h o m e . He let himself i n t o t h e
T h e streets were very busy a n d we were holding h a n d s . S u d d e n l y my kitchen, a n d as he was feeling h o t a n d sticky, he t o o k off his shirt to
wife saw a dress t h a t she liked in a s h o p window, a n d stopped. I s t a r t e d have a wash.
l o o k i n g at s o m e radios in t h e next window. After a m i n u t e or two S u d d e n l y h e h e a r d heavy footsteps r u n n i n g u p t h e p a t h . T h e back
I r e a c h e d for my wife's h a n d . T h e r e was a loud s c r e a m , a n d a w o m a n d o o r burst o p e n , a n d he found himself s u r r o u n d e d by p o l i c e m e n . T h e y
slapped my face. I h a d n ' t t a k e n my wife's h a n d , I'd t a k e n t h e h a n d of p u s h e d h i m i n t o t h e living r o o m next door, m a d e h i m sit d o w n , a n d
a c o m p l e t e stranger! began asking h i m questions.
" W h a t ' s your n a m e ? "
3) A Parking Problem " W h e r e d o you live?"
My h u s b a n d a n d I h a d decided to buy a new house, a n d I'd m a d e " W h a t ' s in that case?"
a n a p p o i n t m e n t t o see o u r b a n k m a n a g e r . I'd never m e t h i m before " W h a t are you doing h e r e ? "
a n d I was a bit nervous. I drove i n t o town a n d I was lucky e n o u g h to "I live h e r e , " said Herbert. " I ' v e b e e n on holiday." But n o b o d y lis
find a p a r k i n g place outside t h e b a n k . I'd just started reversing i n t o t e n e d t o h i m . T h e y just went o n asking questions. T h e n s u d d e n l y o n e
t h e space w h e n a n o t h e r c a r drove i n t o it. I was furious! I o p e n e d my of t h e p o l i c e m e n said: " W a t c h h i m F r a n k — we'll go a n d search t h e
w i n d o w a n d s h o u t e d a t t h e o t h e r driver. H e ignored m e a n d walked h o u s e . " T h e y left o n e tall, very y o u n g p o l i c e m a n to g u a r d h i m .
" C a n I put my shirt o n ? " asked H e r b e r t . Ann: Is it all right if I c o m e at about 8.30?
" N o , " said t h e p o l i c e m a n , "stay where you a r e . " Tom: N o , d o n ' t c o m e t h e n . I'll be w a t c h i n g t h e m a t c h on
T h e n the o t h e r s c a m e back with an older m a n , a sergeant. He television.
asked the same questions, but he listened to H e r b e r t ' s answers. Ann: O h . Well, what about 9.30?
" I live h e r e , " said H e r b e r t , " a n d I w a n t t o put m y s h i r t o n . " Tom: Yes, t h a t ' l l be fine. T h e m a t c h will have finished by
T h e sergeant looked a t h i m thoughtfully. " W e ' l l s o o n settle t h i s , " h e then.
said.
He went out a n d c a m e back with a small, sandy-haired m a n wear 2. Bill Rawlings a n d all t h e o t h e r m e n in t h e factory have just h a d
ing a shabby, brown dressing gown. It was H e r b e r t ' s n e x t - d o o r neigh t h e i r last tea break. It is 2.30. T h e y are all working again. T h e y ' l l go
bour. He looked at Herbert intently t h r o u g h thick spectacles. on working a n d t h e n , at 4 o'clock, a whistle will blow a n d they will all
" O h yes, Sergeant," he said, " t h a t is Mr M a r s h a l l . " T h e n he disap stop. Most of t h e m will r u n out immediately. A few will stay for a few
p e a r e d very quickly. T h e p o l i c e m e n all looked dreadfully d i s a p p o i n t e d . m i n u t e s but t h e last o n e will be out before 4.10.
T h e y were c o n v i n c e d t h a t they h a d caught a burglar. T h e y will all work until 4. T h e last o n e will have left by 4.10.
" D i d h e ring you u p ? " asked Herbert. T h e police sergeant n o d d e d .
3. L a w r e n c e M o r r e l , t h e writer, is t r y i n g to finish a story. He must
" H e saw a light a n d u n d e r s t o o d your family h a d all gone away to t h e
get it in t h i s evening's post. T h e post is collected at 5.30. " I ' l l go on
seaside."
writing until I finish t h i s ! " he says to himself. " I ' l l write u n t i l 5.30, but
W h e n they'd all gone, H e r b e r t m a d e himself a c u p of tea.
I must finish it by t h e n . I h o p e I'll have finished it by t h e n ! "
What's Up?
4. My father works at o n e of t h e city hospitals. By next m o n t h he
Do you like stories? I w a n t to tell you a t r u e story. It h a p p e n e d to will have b e e n working t h e r e for 40 years.
a friend of m i n e a year ago.
5. I'm writing a thesis. By t h e e n d of t h i s year I'll have b e e n writ
W h i l e my friend, G e o r g e , was r e a d i n g in b e d , two thieves c l i m b e d
ing it for 5 years.
i n t o his k i t c h e n . After they h a d e n t e r e d the h o u s e , they went i n t o t h e
d i n i n g r o o m . It was very dark, so they t u r n e d on a t o r c h . S u d d e n l y
Practice
t h e y h e a r d a voice b e h i n d t h e m . " W h a t ' s up? W h a t ' s u p ? " s o m e o n e
called. T h e thieves d r o p p e d t h e t o r c h a n d r a n away as quickly as 1. Make sentences with Future Perfect.
t h e y c o u l d . G e o r g e h e a r d t h e noise a n d c a m e d o w n s t a i r s quickly.
Tom and Ann are going to the cinema. The film begins at 7.30 and
H e t u r n e d o n t h e light, b u t h e c o u l d n ' t see a n y o n e . T h e thieves h a d
it is already 7.20 and it will take them 20 minutes to get there.
a l r e a d y gone. But G e o r g e ' s p a r r o t , H e n r y , was still t h e r e . " W h a t ' s u p ,
When they get there, the film will have already started.
G e o r g e ? " h e called. " N o t h i n g , H e n r y , " G e o r g e said a n d s m i l e d . " G o
back to sleep." 1. J i m goes to bed at 11 o'clock. Tom is going to visit h i m at 11.30
this evening. W h e n T o m arrives, J i m (go) to bed. 2. Dick is on holiday.
FUTURE PERFECT
He h a s very little m o n e y a n d he is s p e n d i n g t o o m u c h t o o quickly.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Before t h e e n d of his holiday he (spend) all his money. 3. Mike c a m e
Illustrative Situations to Britain from t h e US nearly t h r e e years ago. N e x t M o n d a y it will be
exactly t h r e e years since he arrived. N e x t M o n d a y he (be) in Britain
T Study the following example situations. exactly t h r e e years. 4. I know J a n e t S m i t h . By t h e e n d of t h e m o n t h
1. T o m is a football fan a n d t h e r e is a football m a t c h on television I (know) her a whole year. 5. T h e t r a i n arrives at 6. Peter t h i n k s it ar
t h i s evening. T h e m a t c h begins at 7.30 a n d ends at 9.15. A n n w a n t s rives at 6.30. It is 6 o'clock now. Peter is on his way to t h e station to
t o c o m e a n d see Tom t h i s evening a n d w a n t s t o know what t i m e t o m e e t his m o t h e r . By t h e t i m e he reaches the station his m o t h e r (get)
come. off t h e t r a i n .
2. Make one sentence with either by or until for each situation. my wife was i r o n i n g in t h e kitchen, my d a u g h t e r
a) All the men in the factory are working. The whistle blows at 4. Margaret a n d my niece Lilian, w h o is staying with
us for a while, were in t h e sitting r o o m . T h e n
They will work until 4.
my wife left h e r i r o n i n g a n d c a m e i n t o t h e sitting
b) Sometimes the boss goes home at 5.30, but he never goes home
r o o m , a n d this is what I h e a r d .
later than six. He'll have gone home by 6.
Mrs Priestley: Margaret, I want you to go to t h e baker's before
1. Richard is watching a p r o g r a m m e that ends at 9. He wants to six o'clock. 1 have t h i s i r o n i n g to d o , but I shall
go to bed t h e n . 2. T h e latest possible t i m e R i c h a r d can get up is 7.30. have d o n e it in half an h o u r a n d I n e e d t h e loaf
3. T h a t bus never leaves later t h a n 8. 4. Old Mr Howard is reading a very for supper.
good b o o k in the library. It closes in a few m i n u t e s , at 9. 5. Mr Jackson Margaret: C a n I go after six o'clock, M o t h e r ? I want to listen
is staying at a hotel. He will leave on Friday. 6. S o m e students are sitting to the p r o g r a m m e on the radio a n d it w o n ' t have
in t h e language laboratory at t h e Institute. T h e lesson ends at 3 o'clock. finished by six o'clock.
7. T h e professor sometimes comes at 9.15 a n d never later t h a n 9.30. 8. It
Mrs Priestley: I ' m sorry, M a r g a r e t , but t h e baker's s h o p will have
is the middle of the m o r n i n g a n d Lawrence Morrel is writing. He always
closed by t h e t i m e the radio p r o g r a m m e finishes.
has lunch at 12. 9. Lawrence may finish today at 4, certainly, not later
Lilian: I'll go, A u n t Mary. I d o n ' t want to listen to t h e
t h a n 4.30. 10. Lawrence is waiting for some money from his publisher.
radio a n d I shall have written my h o m e w o r k les
T h e publisher has told h i m t h a t it will arrive not later t h a n Tuesday.
son before six o'clock.
3. Answer the questions using the words and word combinations in Margaret: O h , t h a n k you, Lilian. I s h a n ' t even have b e g u n
brackets. my h o m e w o r k by six o'clock, but I'll begin it as
soon as supper is over.
a) — Have you been waiting for two hours? (midday)
Mrs Priestley: I h o p e you will, M a r g a r e t . We shall have had sup
— By midday I'll have been waiting for three hours.
per, a n d Susan will have cleared t h e table by half
1. Have you been l e a r n i n g English for t h r e e years? (July) 2. Have past seven, so you c a n do an h o u r ' s work before
they b e e n staying here for five weeks? ( M o n d a y ) 3. Have you b e e n liv your b e d t i m e . Will you have d o n e it all by half
ing here for n i n e t e e n years? ( C h r i s t m a s ) 4. H a s he b e e n playing t e n n i s past eight?
for t h r e e hours? (teatime) 5. H a s she b e e n studying in L o n d o n for a Margaret: O h , yes, I shall have finished everything by eight
year? (next J u n e ) 6. H a s he b e e n sleeping for eight hours? (breakfast o'clock. T h a n k you again, Lilian.
t i m e ) 7. Have I b e e n t a l k i n g n o n - s t o p for an hour? (seven o'clock)
b) — Can you tell me what you want to do by Monday? (decide) ***

— N o . I won't have decided by then. Mr Priestley: I have given you t h a t piece of conversation not to
show you M a r g a r e t ' s love of p u t t i n g off work as
1. C a n Sid bring t h e c a r b a c k t o m o r r o w ? (repair) 2. C a n they go to
long as she c a n , but to show you t h e use of t h e
Spain on Tuesday? (finish school) 3. Shall we have breakfast at seven?
F u t u r e Perfect Tense.
(wake up) 4. C a n we leave in t e n m i n u t e s ' time? (eat) 5. Shall I go
to meet t h e plane at two o'clock? (land) 6. C a n you let me k n o w on
Saturday? (make u p o n e ' s m i n d ) Self Check
Fluency 1. Use Future Perfect or Future Perfect Continuous.

T Study and practise. 1. We (finish) this exercise by 8 o'clock. 2. We are late. T h e lesson
(start) by now. 3. By t h e end of M a r c h he (live) here for t h r e e years.
Mr Priestley and the Students
4. Young Billy is growing up. By this t i m e next year he (begin) school.
Mr Priestley: I w a n t to give you a little conversation t h a t I heard 5. T h e y will be tired when they get t h e r e . T h e y (travel) all day. 6. She
in my h o u s e yesterday. It was about five o'clock; (have) lunch by t h e t i m e we arrive. 7. T h e y (build) t h e road by t h e end
of t h e year. 8. I (spend) all my m o n e y by tomorrow. 9. We (fly) for Б ы л о о к о л о 12. О н а р а б о т а л а н а д д о к л а д о м в т е ч е н и е 6 ч а с о в .

twelve h o u r s by t h e t i m e t h e plane lands. 10. T h e play (begin) before 5. К к о н ц у и ю н я я с д а л все э к з а м е н ы и б ы л с в о б о д е н . 6. В пят
we reach t h e t h e a t r e . 11. Before t h e end of t h e year they (complete) the н и ц у е г о н е б ы л о н а р а б о т е . Н а к а н у н е о н уехал в к о м а н д и р о в к у .
project. 12. I (work) for this c o m p a n y n o n - s t o p for t h i r t y years by the 7. К о г д а я п о з в о н и л Н и к у , я у з н а л , ч т о он уже д в е н е д е л и бо
end of October. леет. 8. Я р а б о т а л на з а в о д е до т о г о , к а к п о с т у п и л в и н с т и т у т .
9 . С о б р а н и е е щ е н е н а ч а л о с ь , когда м ы п р и ш л и . 10. К о г д а я
2. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form. вернулся д о м о й , дети уже с п а л и . Ж е н а сказала, что о н и с п я т
с 9 ч а с о в . 11. В и к т о р с к а з а л , ч т о он з а к а з а л н о м е р в г о с т и н и
1. D e b o r a h woke up w i t h a terrible h e a d a c h e b e c a u s e she a n d
ц е « У к р а и н а » . 12. О н ж и л т р и г о д а з а г р а н и ц е й д о т о г о , к а к
A r t h u r (hold) a p a r t y t h e n i g h t before. 2. W h e n P e t e r (go) along
приехал в Москву.
t h e street, he (see) a friend of his w h o m he (not, m e e t ) for a long
t i m e . 3. I (not, fall asleep) yet w h e n I ( h e a r ) t h e s o u n d of t h e bell.
4. I (speak) to t h e w o m a n b e c a u s e I ( t h i n k ) I (meet) h e r s o m e w h e r e
before. 5. W h e n we (get) to t h e s t a t i o n , we (find) t h a t t h e 8 o'clock
t r a i n a l r e a d y (leave) a n d w e h a d t o wait u n t i l t h e next t r a i n c a m e
in. W h i l e I (wait), I (read) a newspaper. 6. As s o o n as t h e y (go),
I (go) straight to b e d . 7. W h e n I (get) back to t h e s h o p , t h e y (sell)
t h e b o o k I w a n t e d . 8. He (be) t i r e d b e c a u s e he (work) in t h e g a r d e n
all day. 9. First she (open) t h e p a r c e l , a n d t h e n she (read) t h e let
ter. 10. T h e y (sit) t h e r e for m o r e t h a n an h o u r w h e n t h e t a x i finally
(arrive). 11. T h e y (leave) t h e r o o m as s o o n as he (finish) s p e a k i n g .
12. He quickly (forget) all he (learn) at school. 13. W h e n we (come)
to H a r p o l e , t h e S m i t h s a l r e a d y (live) t h e r e for t e n years. 14. He (tell)
me t h a t he (fish) in t h e river every weekend for t h e last t w o years b u t
he never (catch) a n y t h i n g . 15. As s o o n as she (hear) t h e news, she
( p h o n e ) h e r m o t h e r . 16. W h e n h e (look) a r o u n d , h e ( u n d e r s t a n d ) t h a t
he (get off) at t h e w r o n g s t a t i o n . 17. Jack (do) his work by 8 o'clock.
He (go) o u t i n t o t h e street. T h e w e a t h e r (be) fine. It (stop) snowing
a n d t h e m o o n (shine) h i g h in t h e sky. 18. Errol a n d his girlfriend,
Judy, were very excited b e c a u s e J u d y ' s father ( m a n a g e ) to get t h e m
t w o tickets for t h e football C u p F i n a l a t Wembley S t a d i u m . T h e y
(catch) a n early t r a i n t o L o n d o n a n d (spend) t h e m o r n i n g l o o k i n g
r o u n d t h e s h o p s . T h e y (arrive) at W e m b l e y at t w o o'clock a n d (join)
t h e q u e u e t o get i n . I m a g i n e t h e i r h o r r o r a t t h e t u r n s t i l e w h e n t h e y
(realize) t h e y (leave) t h e tickets at h o m e .
1. К о г д а я п р и ш е л к В и к т о р у , е г о не б ы л о д о м а . Он у ш е л
н а в о к з а л в с т р е ч а т ь с в о е г о п р и я т е л я . 2 . Т у р и с т ы ж д а л и авто
бус о ч е н ь д о л г о , и к о г д а о н п о д о ш е л , б ы л о у ж е о ч е н ь п о з д н о ,
и им у ж е н и к у д а не х о т е л о с ь ехать. 3. К о г д а я р а с с к а з а л е м у
все, то он п о н я л , ч т о случилось. 4. О н а посмотрела на часы.
UNIT 12 131
m e e t ? " "... ." 7. " W h a t do you w a n t ? " "... ." 8. " W h o saw you?" "... ."
9. I'll do this j o b alone. I don't need ... to help me. 10. ... has broken
the window. I don't know who. 11. There isn't ... in the box. It's empty.
12. I'm looking for my keys. H a s ... seen them? 13. Would you like ... to
Unit 12 drink? 14. I didn't eat ... because I wasn't hungry. 15. "Would you like
... to e a t ? " " N o , t h a n k you. I'm not hungry." 16. " W h a t are you doing
G R A M M A R : Reflexive, reciprocal, indefinite t o n i g h t ? " "... . W h y ? " 17.1 went out alone. ... saw me. 18. Jack has a bad
pronouns (review) memory. He can't remember ... . 19. Be quiet! D o n ' t say ... . 20. I didn't
know about the meeting. ... told me. 21. " W h a t did you have to e a t ? "
Practice "... . I wasn't hungry." 22. D a n has gone somewhere. ... knows where
he is. He didn't tell ... where he was going. 23. There was ... on the bus.
/. Put in: some, any or no. 24. " H o w much does it cost to visit the m u s e u m ? " "... . It's free." 25.
She was sitting alone. She wasn't with ... . 26. I heard a knock at the
1. She asked if we had ... questions. 2. Will you get me ... sugar?
door, but when I opened it there was ... there. 27. You can have ... you
3. Carol doesn't have ... free time. 4. There is ... gas in the car. 5. You
want for your birthday present. 28. If... wants to leave early, they can.
can take ... sweets you like. 6. Tom and Alice don't have ... children. 7. Is
29. C a n I have ... to eat? 30. You can tell h i m ... you like. 31. If... needs
there ... mail for me this morning? 8. I don't have ... stamps, but A n n
help, they can ask me. 32. T h e film is really great. You can ask ... who
h a s . . . . 9. Do you know ... good hotels in Miami? 10. "Would you like ...
has seen it. 33. Would you like ... to drink? 34. They live ... in the south
tea?" "Yes, please." 11. He is free to choose ... of these books. 12. D o n ' t
of France. 35. D i d you go ... interesting for your vacation? 36. I'm stay-
buy rice. We don't need ... . 13. " L o o k at those birds!" "Birds? Where?
ing here. I'm not going ... . 37. I don't like this town. There is ... to go.
I can't see ... birds." 14. My brother is married, but he has ... children.
38. T h e dictionary isn't here. It must be ... else.
15. They want to take a vacation, but they have ... money. 16. We don't
have ... bread, so I'm going out to buy ... . 17. W h e n we were on vaca- 3. Complete the sentences with: no, none, no one, nobody, nothing,
tion, we visited ... very interesting places. 18. I'm thirsty. C a n I have ... nowhere, any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere.
water, please? 19. I went out to buy ... milk, but they didn't have ... in
1. There were ... shops open. 2. I don't want ... to eat. 3. T h e bus
the store. 20. There wasn't ... furniture in the room. It was completely
was completely empty. There wasn't ... on it. 4. " W h e r e did you go for
empty. 21. He's always alone. He has ... friends. 22. C a n I have ... milk
your holiday?" "... . I stayed at h o m e . " 5. I couldn't make an omelette
in my coffee, please? 23. Last night I went to a restaurant with ... friends
because I had ... eggs. 6. I didn't say ... . N o t a word. 7. T h e accident
of mine. 24. "Would you like ... fruit?" " N o , t h a n k you. I've had enough
looked serious but fortunately ... was injured. 8. We took a few p h o -
to eat." 25. T h e m a n asked me for advice, but I couldn't give h i m ... . 26.
tographs but ... of t h e m were very good. 9. I can't find my watch ... .
It's hot in this office. I'm going out for ... fresh air. 27. Sorry, we're late. I've looked all over the house. 10. " W h a t did you have for breakfast?"
We had ... problems with the car. 28. "I haven't got ... money." "Would "... . I d o n ' t usually have ... for breakfast." 11. We cancelled the party
you like me to lend you ... ?" 29. Tell me if you w a n t . . . help. 30. We can because ... of the people we invited could come. 12. ... intelligent per-
get the tickets from ... travel agency. 31. I can come and see you ... day son could do such a stupid thing. 13. There was complete silence in
next week. 32. Could I have ... cake please? 33. If... letters arrive for me, the r o o m . ... said ... . 14. " H o w m a n y cinemas are there in this t o w n ? "
can you send them to this address? 34. ... colour will do. "... . T h e last one closed six m o n t h s ago." 15. T h e four of us wanted
to go to a restaurant but we couldn't because ... of us had ... money.
2. Put in: somebody (or someone), something, anybody (or any-
16. ... of my family are rich. 17. Unfortunately, there were ... tickets left
one), anything, nobody (or no one), nothing, somewhere, anywhere,
for the concert. 18. " W h a t did you d o ? " "... ." 19. " H o w m u c h money
nowhere.
is yours?" "... ." 20. ... c a m e to visit me while I was in hospital. 21. ...
1. She said... but I didn't understand it. 2. " W h a t ' s w r o n g ? " "There's system of government is perfect. 22. She didn't tell ... about her plans.
... in my eye." 3. Do you know ... about politics? 4. I went shopping, 23. I haven't got any money at the m o m e n t . ... at all. 24. My friends
but I didn't buy ... . 5. " W h a t did you say?" "... ." 6. " W h o did you and I would all like to go to the concert, but ... of us has got a ticket.
4. Answer the questions with I have ... . ." 5. "Are you going out a l o n e ? " " N o , I'm going with ... ." 6. " H a v e
you ever b e e n to T a i w a n ? " " O h , yes ... ." 7. I live in a very small t o w n .
— Do you have any money? T h e r e is a store, a post office, a n d ... — t h a t ' s all. 8. I'm going out for
— I have some but not much. a walk. 1 n e e d ... fresh ... . 9. T h e r e wasn't m u c h furniture in t h e r o o m
1. Do you have any coffee? 2. Do you have any books? 3. Do you — just a table a n d ... .
have any stamps? 4. Do you have a n y cheese? 5. Do you have any en 9. Complete the sentences. Use very little/very few + one of these
velopes? 6. Do you have any flour? 7. Do you have any friends? words:
5. Complete the sentences with a lot of, much, many. coffee hotels rain time people money mistakes
1. I like reading. I have ... books. 2. Have we got ... p o t a t o e s left?

3. H o w ... m o n e y did you spend on holiday? 4. We had a little wine with 1. Her English is very good. She m a k e s ... . 2. I d r i n k ... . I d o n ' t
like it m u c h . 3. In s u m m e r the weather is very dry. T h e r e is ... . 4. It's
o u r meal, but not very ... . 5. I d o n ' t speak F r e n c h very well. I m a k e ...
h a r d to Find a place to stay in this town. T h e r e are ... . 5. We have to
mistakes. 6. We enjoyed o u r visit to t h e m u s e u m . We saw ... interest
hurry. We have ... . 6. ... went to t h e football m a t c h . 7. I c a n ' t spend
ing things. 7. 1 d i d n ' t enjoy t h e party on Saturday very ... . T h e r e were
m u c h . I've got ... .
t o o ... people there a n d there wasn't ... food or d r i n k , so everybody was
h u n g r y a n d thirsty. 8. She's got ... classical music C D s . 9. We enjoyed 10. Put in: little, a little/few or a few.
o u r vacation. We had ... fun. 10. How ... questions did t h e interviewer 1. T h e r e was... food in the refrigerator. It was nearly empty. 2. " W h e n
ask you? 11. " D i d you take ... p h o t o g r a p h s ? " "I t o o k some but n o t . . . ." did you see K i m ? " "... days ago." 3. He's very lazy. He does ... work.
12. Do you d r i n k ... coffee? 13. Do you know ... people here? 4. They're not rich, but they have ... money — enough to live. 5. Last
night I went to a restaurant with ... friends. 6. T h e TV stations aren't very
6. Use the prompts to make short dialogues.
good. T h e r e are ... good programs. 7.1 c a n ' t decide now — I need ... t i m e
— Do you go to the movies much? to t h i n k about it. 8. Nearly everybody has a job. There is ... unemploy
— N o , not much. (Yes, a lot.) m e n t in this town. 9. He's not well known. ... people have heard of h i m .
//. Complete the sentences using: all, every, each, everybody, every
Prompts:
thing, everywhere.
w a t c h T V ; g o s w i m m i n g ; play t e n n i s ; t r a v e l ; s m o k e ; play c a r d s ;
eat 1. I tried ... key in t h e lock, but n o n e of t h e m Fitted. 2. ... enjoyed
the film except Peter. 3. I ' m really tired. ... I w a n t to do is to go to bed.
7. Answer the questions with a little or a few. 4. Listen to m e . I c a n explain ... . 5. H a s S a r a h told you ... about her
holiday in Australia? 6. It was late w h e n S i m o n arrived h o m e a n d ...
— Do you have any time?
was asleep. 7. D i d you r e m e m b e r to switch off... t h e lights? 8. I believe
— A little.
... word he says. 9. Have you packed ... i n t o t h i s suitcase? 10. I l e a r n t . . .
1. Do you have any envelopes? 2. Do you have any sugar? 3. D i d he I know about physics at school. 11. Yesterday it rained ... day. 12. Have
ask any questions? 4. Do you have any gas? 5. D o e s he speak English? you spent ... t h e m o n e y I gave you? 13. Bill watches TV ... evening.
6. Do you know m a n y people? 7. Would you like some soup? 14. I was sick yesterday, so I stayed in bed ... day. 15. ... n e e d s friends.
16. She knows ... about c o m p u t e r s . 17. ... student in t h e class passed
8. Put in a little or a few + one of these words:
the e x a m i n a t i o n . 18. ... I've eaten t o d a y is a sandwich. 19. Why are you
air chairs days friends houses milk Russian times letters always t h i n k i n g of money? M o n e y isn't ... . 20. I d i d n ' t spend m u c h
m o n e y in t h e shops. ... I b o u g h t was a p a i r of gloves. 21. C a n ... write
1. Last evening I wrote ... letters to my family a n d friends. 2. C a n their n a m e s on a piece of paper? 22. I t a l k e d to ... person in the r o o m .
I have ... in my coffee, please? 3. " W h e n did J o h n go away?" "... ... p e r s o n gave a different answer. 23. ... t h e t e a m played well. ... mem
ago." 4. " D o you speak any foreign languages?" "Yes, Italian a n d ... ber of t h e t e a m received a m e d a l . 24. ... h a s gone wrong. 25. I practise
UNIT 12 135
13. Make sentences with: both ... and, neither ... nor and either ... or.
t h e violin ... day. 26. T h e y were given $20 ... . 27. Nearly ... h o m e
in t h e c o u n t r y h a s a television. 28. H e r e is s o m e t h i n g for ... of you. a) Tom was late. So was Ann.
29. N o t ... student is capable of l e a r n i n g English. 30. I've p h o n e d h i m Both Tom and Ann were late.
twice but he's b e e n out on ... occasion. 31. T h e r e ' s a good bus service
to t h e c e n t r e . T h e buses r u n ... five m i n u t e s . 32. T o m is very popular. ... b) He didn't write. He didn't telephone.
He neither wrote nor telephoned.
likes h i m . 33. ... was very k i n d to u s . T h e y did ... they c o u l d to help u s .
34. ... h a s got their faults. N o b o d y is perfect. 35. 1 lost my watch. I've 1. T h e hotel wasn't clean. A n d it wasn't comfortable. 2. It was a
looked for it ... . 36. I like t h e people here. ... is very friendly. 37. K e n very boring Film. It was very long, t o o . 3. Is that m a n ' s n a m e Richard?
never uses his car. He goes ... by motorcycle. Or is it Robert? It's o n e of the two. 4. I haven't got the t i m e to go on
holiday. A n d I haven't got the money. 5. We can leave today or we c a n
12. Put in: both, either, neither. Sometimes you need of.
leave t o m o r r o w whichever you prefer. 6. He gave up his j o b because
1. A n n h a s two sisters a n d a brother. ... sisters are m a r r i e d . 2. T h e r e
he n e e d e d a change. Also because the pay was low. 7. G e o r g e doesn't
were two pictures on the wall. I d i d n ' t like ... t h e m . 3. It was a very good
smoke. A n d he doesn't drink. 8. Barry works at the b a n k . M a r k works at
t e n n i s m a t c h . ... players played well. 4. It wasn't a good t e n n i s m a t c h .
the b a n k , t o o . 9. We could eat now. Or we could wait until later. 10. Sue
... player played well. 5. " I s your friend C a n a d i a n or A m e r i c a n ? " "... .
plays the piano. A n d she sings. 11. My father c o u l d n ' t read Arabic. A n d
She's Australian." 6. We went away for two days, but the weather wasn't
he c o u l d n ' t write it. 12. Ken didn't know the address. A n d Kate didn't
very good. It r a i n e d ... days. 7. "I b o u g h t two newspapers. W h i c h o n e know the address. 13. I d i d n ' t see his sister. A n d I d i d n ' t see his brother.
do you w a n t ? " "... . It d o e s n ' t m a t t e r which o n e . " 8. I invited Jack a n d
14. Simon passed t h e exam easily. A n d Sarah passed the exam easily.
L i n d a to my party, but ... t h e m c a m e . 9. " D o you go to work by c a r
15. T h e j o u r n e y wasn't very comfortable. A n d it wasn't very interesting.
or by b u s ? " "... . I always walk." 10. " W h i c h jacket do you prefer, this
16. My new flat is larger t h a n my old flat. A n d it is closer to my office.
o n e o r that o n e ? " " I d o n ' t like ... t h e m . " 11. " D o you work o r are you
a s t u d e n t ? " "... . I have a job, but I study, t o o . " 12. A n n a n d I d i d n ' t 14. Choose the correct version.
k n o w t h e t i m e because ... us h a d a watch. 13. " H a v e your p a r e n t s 1. Not all/all o/birds c a n fly. 2. T h e t e a c h e r interviewed each/each of
got a c a r ? " " N o , ... t h e m c a n drive." 14. T h e y d o n ' t like e a c h o t h e r student in t u r n . 3. I've heard some/some o/those music C D s , but not all/
a n d I m a d e a mistake of inviting t h e m ... to my party. 15. " W h i c h of all of t h e m . 4. I c a n ' t lend you any/any of money because I haven't got
these shirts do you prefer?" "I d o n ' t really like ... t h e m very m u c h . " any/any of. 5. Most/ Most of people like K a t e . 6. Neither/Neither of my
16. " W h a t ' s t h e capital of Switzerland, G e n e v a or Z u r i c h ? " "... t h e m . parents will be at h o m e this evening. 7. Neither/Neither of these jackets
It's B e r n e . " 17. T h e r e are two windows in my r o o m . It was very w a r m , fits me properly. 8. " H o w much/much of coffee have we g o t ? " " N o t a
so I h a d ... t h e m o p e n . 18. After t h e a c c i d e n t . . . cars stopped. ... drivers lot/a lot of?' 9. A few/few of Simon's friends went to t h e c o n c e r t , but
got out a n d started shouting at each other. ... t h e m were very agressive. not many/many of. 10. Are there many/many of m u s e u m s in Brighton?
19. " W h i c h of t h e two films did you prefer: t h e first o n e or t h e s e c o n d 11. We tried several c h e m i s t s ' a n d every/every one of t h e m was closed.
o n e ? " "Actually I d i d n ' t like ... t h e m . " 20. T h e r e are two ways to t h e 12. He spends most/most of 'his t i m e w a t c h i n g TV. 13. My sister h a s read
city c e n t r e . You c a n go along t h e footpath by t h e river or you c a n go nearly every/every one of book in the library. 14. I answered each/each
along t h e m a i n road. You c a n go ... way. 21. ... these pullovers are very of question carefully. 15. Do either/either of these books belong to you?
nice. I d o n ' t k n o w which o n e to buy. 22. ... my p a r e n t s is English. My 16. We haven't p a i n t e d the whole house yet, but we've d o n e about half/
father is Polish a n d my m o t h e r is Italian. 23. " D o you m i n d w h i c h half of it. 17. They've got Five c h i l d r e n a n d each of/each one is quite dif
s a n d w i c h I t a k e ? " " N o , t a k e ... ." 24. " I s t o d a y t h e I8th or I 9 t h ? " ferent. 18. Every/every one of their C D s h a s been a hit.
"... . It's t h e 2 0 t h . " 25. W h e n t h e b o a t started to sink, we were really
15. Complete the sentences. Use the words in brackets (some, most,
frightened because ... us c o u l d swim. 26. " D i d you go to S c o t l a n d or
etc.). Sometimes you need of (some of, most of, etc.).
Ireland for your holidays?" " W e went to ... . A week in Scotland a n d a
week in I r e l a n d " . 27. " D o you want tea or coffee?" "... . I really d o n ' t 1. ... people like Jack, (most) 2. ... this m o n e y is yours, (some) 3. ...
m i n d . " 28. ... us went to t h e party. 29. ... these roads goes to t h e sta people are very rude, (some) 4. ... t h e stores in t h e city center close at
tion. 30. C a n ... your p a r e n t s speak F r e n c h ? 6.00. (most) 5. You c a n c h a n g e m o n e y in ... b a n k s , (most) 6. I d o n ' t
like ... t h e pictures in t h e living r o o m , (any) 7. ... c o u n t r i e s have a capi to a few people a n d tried to m a k e conversation, b u t
tal city, (all) 8. ... my friends went on vacation last year, (none) 9. Do t h e music was t o o loud — you c o u l d n ' t h e a r e a c h
you k n o w ... t h e p e o p l e in t h i s p h o t o g r a p h ? (any) 10. ... birds c a n fly. other. T h e r e was n o w h e r e to sit a n d not e n o u g h food,
(most) 11. I enjoyed ... t h e movie, b u t I d i d n ' t like t h e ending, (most) a l t h o u g h Steve helped h i m s e l f m o r e t h a n o n c e . T h e
12. ... sports are very dangerous, (some) 13. We c a n ' t find anywhere r o o m was t o o crowded, p e o p l e were a l m o s t p u s h i n g
to stay. ... t h e hotels are full, (all) 14. Try ... t h i s cheese. It's delicious, o n e a n o t h e r a r o u n d . A girl spilt s o m e w i n e on my
(some) 15. T h e weather was b a d w h e n we were on vacation. It r a i n e d dress. She b l a m e d herself, a l t h o u g h it w a s n ' t really
... t h e t i m e , (most) 16. Do ... y o u r friends speak Spanish? (any) 17. We h e r fault in t h a t crowd. We left early — I ' m sure no
went o u t a n d it started to rain. We all gat wet because ... us h a d an body noticed.
umbrella, (none) 18. I d o n ' t w a n t all t h i s cake. Do you w a n t ... it?
(some) 19. T h e club is m a i n l y for younger people. ... t h e m e m b e r s are 2. Pam: We h a d a few little a c c i d e n t s at t h e weekend. M a r k fell
over 25. (few) 20. J i m won a lot of m o n e y last year. He s p e n t . . . it on a a n d h u r t himself. K a t e cut herself w i t h a knife a n d I b u r n t myself.
new car. (half) 21. T h i s is a very old building. ... t h e buildings are over Jeff wasn't very u n d e r s t a n d i n g . He said we weren't careful e n o u g h a n d
800 years old. (many) 22. W h e n t h e p o s t arrived, she looked t h r o u g h t h a t we c o u l d only b l a m e ourselves for t h e accidents. Jeff h a d b o u g h t
it hopefully b u t ... t h e letters was for her. (none) a Do-it-yourself b o o k o n c a r p e n t r y a n d o n S u n d a y h e started t o m a k e
a w o o d e n table for t h e balcony. I said to h i m : " B e careful, d o n ' t cut
16. Answer the following questions using the words in brackets. yourself," b u t h e hit his t h u m b with t h e h a m m e r t h r e e t i m e s .
— Do you like this music? (some) 3. Monika: We went on a t o u r of t h e L a k e District.

— Some of it. Jill: O h , how n i c e ! D i d you enjoy yourselves?
1. D i d you w a t c h t h e film? (most) 2. D i d you take t h e s e photo Monika: Yes, t h a n k s . We m e t s o m e n i c e people. A n n e g r e t a n d
graphs? (some) 3. Have you read these books? (a few) 4. Are t h o s e I were t a l k i n g G e r m a n t o each o t h e r o n t h e b u s a n d
people English? (most) 5. H o w m u c h of this luggage is yours? (all) w e noticed t h a t t h e m a n a n d t h e w o m a n opposite u s
6. H o w m a n y of these p e o p l e do you know? (not m a n y ) 7. D o e s this were listening. T h e y smiled at e a c h other. Finally, t h e
f u r n i t u r e belong to you? (some) 8. Have you spent all t h e m o n e y I gave m a n i n t r o d u c e d himself a n d said: " M y wife a n d I are
you? (not all) 9. H o w m u c h of this m o n e y is yours? (half) l e a r n i n g G e r m a n , so we n e e d practice. We're going to
G e r m a n y o n holiday next m o n t h . I've just b e e n saying
17. Fill in the gaps with reflexive pronouns. some irregular verbs to myself." He laughed, t h e n t h e y
1. T h e dog enjoyed ... with t h e c h i l d r e n . 2. You n e e d n ' t help t h e m . b o t h said a few sentences in G e r m a n . T h e y s e e m e d to
T h e y c a n do it ... . 3. I cut ... while shaving. 4. D i d he h u r t . . . ? 5. She be quite p r o u d of themselves b e c a u s e it was t h e first
i n t r o d u c e d ... as M a r y S m i t h . 6. D o n ' t b l a m e ... . It isn't your fault. t i m e they h a d spoken G e r m a n t o G e r m a n speakers.
7. H e l p ... to some cake. 8. We enjoyed ... at t h e party. 9. Your h a i r is At h o m e , they c o u l d o n l y practise with e a c h other.
untidy. L o o k a t . . . in t h e m i r r o r . 10. I d o n ' t like people w h o always t a l k 4. Steve: W h i c h of these two ties do you like, Jill?
about ... . 11. He was very a s h a m e d of... . 12. She h a s w o n t h e g a m e ////: N e i t h e r of t h e m .
a n d she feels p r o u d of... .
Steve: W h y not? I like b o t h of t h e m . A n d this red a n d blue
o n e is nice. Now, w h i c h of t h e t h r e e do you like
Fluency best?
Jill: N o n e of t h e m . T h e colours are all t o o dark.
• Study and practise. Steve: I like all of t h e m .
1. Pam: D i d you enjoy yourself at t h e p a r t y on Saturday? Jill: A n d w h i c h are you going to buy?
Jill: Steve did, b u t I ' m afraid I d i d n ' t have a very g o o d Steve: I d o n ' t know. I haven't looked at t h e prices yet. (Looks
t i m e . T h e r e were t o o m a n y p e o p l e t h e r e a n d w e at the prices) O h , dear! I d i d n ' t realize they were so
d i d n ' t k n o w a n y o f t h e m . W e i n t r o d u c e d ourselves expensive. N o n e o f t h e m !
UNIT 12 139
Tom: Everybody wants to have lunch in t h e garden.

5. Conductor: Fares, please!
It's nice a n d w a r m out here.
Man: Trafalgar Square, please.
Pat: C o m e a n d have s o m e t h i n g t o d r i n k .
Fm sorry, sir! I c a n ' t c h a n g e a p o u n d note!
Jim: T h a n k s , Pat. M a y I have a glass of beer,
Conductor: H a v e n ' t you got any small change?
please?
F v e got no small c h a n g e , I'm afraid.
Pat: Beer? T h e r e ' s n o n e left. You c a n have s o m e
Man: I'll ask some of t h e passengers. ... Have you a n y
lemonade.
Conductor: small c h a n g e , sir?
Jim: Lemonade!
1st Passenger: I ' m sorry. I've got n o n e . Tom: D o n ' t believe her, J i m . She's only joking. Have
2nd Passenger: I haven't got any either. s o m e beer!
Conductor: C a n you c h a n g e t h i s p o u n d n o t e , m a d a m ?
3rd Passenger: I ' m afraid I c a n ' t . 8. Bill G r a i g a n d J o h n Fitzgerald are pilots. Last year t h e i r p l a n e
4th Passenger: N e i t h e r c a n I. crashed in t h e Pacific O c e a n . T h e y were in a rubber d i n g h y for four
Conductor: I ' m very sorry, sir. You m u s t get off t h e bus. weeks. T h e y d i d n ' t have m u c h water, a n d they d i d n ' t have m a n y t h i n g s
N o n e o f o u r passengers c a n c h a n g e t h i s n o t e . to eat. T h e y h a d a few b a n a n a s a n d a little b r a n d y from t h e plane. T h e y
T h e y are all m i l l i o n a i r e s ! c a u g h t a lot of fish. T h e y h a d o n l y a little chocolate. T h e y h a d o n l y a
few biscuits a n d a few apples. After four weeks they saw a ship a n d t h e
Two Tramps: Except us, c o n d u c t o r .
ship rescued t h e m .
1st Tramp: I've got s o m e small c h a n g e .
2nd Tramp: So have I. 9. I was outside F r a n k ' s h o u s e at five o'clock s h a r p , a n d a few mo
m e n t s later he c a m e o u t of t h e side door, p u s h i n g his bike. It d i d n ' t
6. Steve: W h e r e ' s t h e L a t i n A m e r i c a ' s file? I've looked for
take us m a n y m i n u t e s to cycle to t h e river. We s t o p p e d at t h e bridge,
it everywhere, b u t I c a n ' t find it anywhere. I've
lifted o u r bikes over t h e gate, a n d hid t h e m b e h i n d t h e hedge.
asked everybody, a n d n o b o d y knows. Last week
T h e r e were some cows in t h e meadow. T h e y raised t h e i r h e a d s ,
I p u t it somewhere in my c u p b o a r d , a n d now it's
a n d looked a little surprised to see visitors so early in t h e m o r n i n g . But
nowhere! I n e e d s o m e i n f o r m a t i o n for my re
t h e r e was n o b o d y about, a p a r t from ourselves.
p o r t . Mr Short w a n t s it tomorrow, a n d I haven't
We r e a c h e d t h e island a n d fixed up o u r rods. T h e r e were a lot of
m u c h progress.
small fish n e a r t h e surface, but we d i d n ' t catch a n y t h i n g for an h o u r or
Barbara: If I see a n y o n e w i t h it, I'll tell you. Don't
so. T h e n suddenly F r a n k gave a cry, " G o t o n e ! "
worry. S o m e b o d y h a s t a k e n it a n d will b r i n g it
A l m o s t at t h e s a m e m o m e n t s o m e t h i n g big t o o k my bait. I p u l l e d
back.
up my fishing r o d a n d t h e h o o k was gone.
Harry: I've got some good news for you, Steve. T h e file
But F r a n k was luckier. " L o o k at t h i s , " he said happily, p o i n t i n g to
is on Mr Short's desk! Mr Short is waiting for
a large Silver B r e a m , w h i c h lay on t h e b a n k .
you. H e r e ' s a bit of advice, go a n d see h i m im
I c o n g r a t u l a t e d h i m , b u t felt a bit d i s a p p o i n t e d about losing my
mediately. own fish. T h e s u n was up now. It was getting w a r m e r every m o m e n t ,
Steve: O h , dear! A n d you call t h a t g o o d news? a n d t h e r e wasn't m u c h p o i n t in c o n t i n u i n g to fish. I got o u t t h e ther
I s n ' t t h e r e anyone at h o m e ? m o s a n d we d r a n k a little tea a n d ate a few biscuits.
7. Helen:
Jim: I'll k n o c k again, Helen. Everything is very qui Complete with: both, neither, all or none.
et. I ' m sure there's no o n e at h o m e .
Helen: But t h a t ' s impossible. Pat a n d Tom invited us to Monika: W h i c h of these blouses do you like? T h i s o n e or t h a t
l u n c h . L o o k t h r o u g h t h e window. C a n you see one?
anything? Maria: N e i t h e r of t h e m . T h e colours are t o o bright.
Jim: L o o k ! Everyone's in t h e garden. Monika: Well, I like b o t h of t h e m , a n d n e i t h e r of t h e m is
Hello, Helen. Hello, J i m . expensive. I t h i n k I'll try t h e striped o n e .
Pat:
Maria: Have you seen these skirts? W h i c h do you like? T h e н и х п о л у ч и л п р и г л а ш е н и е н а вечер. 47. М н е н е н р а в и т с я н и э т а
blue o n e , t h e red o n e or the green one? к н и г а , ни та. 48. Гости с и д е л и с т о й и д р у г о й с т о р о н ы д л и н н о г о
Monika: O h , yes. T h e y are nice. I like all of t h e m . T h e y a r e n ' t стола. 49. И л и о н , и л и я д о л ж е н п о й т и туда. 50. К а к у ю и з э т и х
expensive. N o n e of t h e m costs m o r e t h a n £10. двух к н и г м о ж н о м н е взять? — Вы м о ж е т е в з я т ь л ю б у ю . 51. Я не
могу с о г л а с и т ь с я ни в т о м , ни в д р у г о м с л у ч а е . 52. П о д о ж д и т е не
м н о г о , п о ж а л у й с т а . Я д о л ж е н н а д е т ь д р у г о й п и д ж а к . 53. П о ч е м у
Self Check т а к м а л о с т у д е н т о в в классе? Где другие? 54. У н е г о д в а брата.
О д и н из н и х ж и в е т в М о с к в е , а д р у г о й в Б р е с т е . 55. Н е к о т о р ы е
из н а с п о е х а л и п о е з д о м , а д р у г и е с а м о л е т о м . 56. Я с а м о т в е ч у на
1. Я ходил на п о ч т у и к у п и л м а р к и и к о н в е р т ы . 2. Не хотите э т о п и с ь м о . 57. О н н е л ю б и т г о в о р и т ь о себе. 58. О н и хотят э т о
ли чаю? 3. У м е н я н е т в р е м е н и , ч т о б ы п о й т и туда. 4. Вы м о ж е т е сделать с а м и . 59. Не б р е й т е с ь в т е м н о т е . Вы п о р е ж е т е с ь . 60. О н а
з а с т а т ь его здесь в л ю б о й д е н ь м е ж д у п я т ь ю и ш е с т ь ю . 5. Е с л и у с а м а п р и н е с е т в а м с л о в а р ь . 61. Н е б е с п о к о й т е с ь . М ы с д е л а е м э т у
вас будет в р е м я , п р о ч т и т е эту к н и г у . 6. Ч а с т ь р а б о т ы уже г о т о в а . р а б о т у с а м и . 62. Н е у ш и б и т е с ь , д е т и !
7. Е с т ь ли а н г л и й с к и е ж у р н а л ы в в а ш е й б и б л и о т е к е ? 8. Н е к о т о р ы е
из книг, которые вы мне дали, очень интересные, а некоторые
с о в е р ш е н н о н е и н т е р е с н ы е . 9 . Н е можете л и в ы м н е д а т ь бумагу
и р у ч к у ? Я хочу н а п и с а т ь п и с ь м о . 10. П р и х о д и т е ко м н е в лю
б о е в р е м я . 11. Где я могу к у п и т ь к о н в е р т ы ? 12. Н е к о т о р ы е сту
д е н т ы п е р в о г о к у р с а уже с д а л и э к з а м е н п о а н г л и й с к о м у я з ы к у .
13. К т о - т о о с т а в и л д в е р ь о т к р ы т о й . 14. З в о н и л м н е к т о - н и б у д ь ?
15. К т о - н и б у д ь п р и х о д и л сюда, п о к а м е н я не было? 16. Не мо
ж е т е л и в ы р а с с к а з а т ь м н е ч т о - н и б у д ь о ж и з н и э т о г о писате
л я ? 17. Я не ч и т а л ни о д н о й из э т и х к н и г , а Том п р о ч и т а л обе.
18. Я н и к о м у не г о в о р и л об э т о м . 19. Мы н и к о г о не в с т р е т и л и
в к о р и д о р е . 20. Где я могу д о с т а т ь ч т о - н и б у д ь п о п и т ь ? 21. Вы
ч и т а л и ч т о - н и б у д ь п о э т о м у в о п р о с у ? 22. К т о - т о и з вас г о в о р и л
м н е о б э т о м . 23. Е с л и в ы н а й д е т е ч т о - н и б у д ь и н т е р е с н о е в э т о м
ж у р н а л е , п р и ш л и т е м н е его, п о ж а л у й с т а . 24. Л ю б о й и з вас м о ж е т
э т о сделать. 25. В с я к и й м о ж е т п о н я т ь э т о . 26. Н и к т о н е з н а л и х
а д р е с а . 27. Н и ч е г о еще н е и з в е с т н о о б э т о м . 28. Н и к т о и з н и х н е
п р и х о д и л вчера. 29. Х о д и л и ли вы к у д а - н и б у д ь вчера? — Н е т , я не
ходил, но я п о й д у к у д а - н и б у д ь з а в т р а . 30. Вы е д и т е м н о г о фрук
тов? 31. С к о л ь к о вы з а п л а т и л и за в а ш словарь? 32. Я п о л у ч и л
о т н е г о м н о г о п о л е з н ы х с в е д е н и й п о э т о м у вопросу. 33. М н о г и е
и з э т и х к н и г п р и н а д л е ж а т м н е . 34. В ч е р а в п а р к е б ы л о м а л о де
тей. 35. В ы к у п и л и с л и ш к о м м а л о м я с а . 36. У м е н я е с т ь н е м н о г о
с в о б о д н о г о в р е м е н и . Я могу п о м о ч ь тебе. 37. У м е н я е с т ь не
с к о л ь к о р о д с т в е н н и к о в , н о все о н и ж и в у т в С а н к т - П е т е р б у р г е .
38. В ы с д е л а л и о ч е н ь м а л о о ш и б о к в в а ш е м с о ч и н е н и и . 39. М ы
все б ы л и о ч е н ь в з в о л н о в а н н ы . 40. В ы оба п р а в ы . 41. О б а путе
ш е с т в е н н и к а в ы г л я д е л и у с т а л ы м и . 42. О н и о б а н е з н а л и в а ш е г о
адреса. 43. О н и оба могут п о м о ч ь в а м . 44. Все б ы л и г о т о в ы к эк
замену. 45. К а ж д ы й ш к о л ь н и к з н а е т э т о п р а в и л о . 46. К а ж д ы й и з
UNIT 13 143
c) How to refuse permission:
Please don't.
I'm sorry, but you can't/mustn't /may not (use the fax).
(No,) I'm afraid not.
Unit 13 No, of course not.
Yes, I'm afraid I do.
G R A M M A R : Modal verbs expressing permission, requests I'm sorry, but I do.
and offers: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Permission. Requests. Requests for
repetition. Desire. Offers
Practice
1. Choose the correct verb.
Permission
1. A: C o u l d I sleep at my friend's h o u s e t o n i g h t ?
a) How to ask permission to do something: B: Yes, of c o u r s e you c o u l d / c a n .
Can
2. A: I could/was allowed to go to t h e disco last night.
Could
I B: Was it good fun?
May
Might (go home early tonight)?
3. A: C a n / M i g h t I have a biscuit please, M u m ?
Do you think j could/might
I wonder if B: Of course. H e l p yourself.
Is it all right if I 4. A: Excuse m e , sir. M a y I/Am I allowed to leave t h e r o o m ?
Do you mind if I (smoke)?
B: Yes, b u t d o n ' t be t o o long.
Do you mind (my smoking?)
5. A: M u s t / M i g h t I b o r r o w these files for a m o m e n t , sir?
We c a n use can, could, may a n d might to ask for p e r m i s s i o n , de
B: Certainly. Take whatever you n e e d .
p e n d i n g o n t h e situation.
6. A: M i g h t I use your p e n ?
1) Can is t h e c o m m o n e s t a n d m o s t informal: Can I borrow your
B: Of c o u r s e you may/might.
umbrella (please)?
2) Could is m o r e polite t h a n can: Could I borrow your umbrella 7. A: M a y I/Am I allowed to park in t h e c o m p a n y car park?
(please)? B: Of c o u r s e you are!
3) M a y is m o r e " r e s p e c t f u l " t h a n can a n d could: May I borrow your
8. A: Alison, you m u s t n ' t / m i g h t not t o u c h t h o s e files.
umbrella (please)?
В: I d i d n ' t k n o w t h a t .
4) Might is t h e m o s t polite b u t t h e least c o m m o n : Might I borrow
your umbrella (please)? 9. A: Excuse me, sir. Visitors may not/couldn't park here, I ' m afraid.
b) How to give permission: B: O h , I ' m sorry. W h e r e c a n I park instead?
certainly,
sure. 10. A: C a n / A m I allowed to b o r r o w y o u r ruler, P a m ?
of course you (may, can), B: Sure. H e r e you are.
(Yes,) all right,
that's OK. 11. A: Excuse m e . M a y / M u s t n ' t I ask you a question?
please do. B: Yes, of course.
go ahead.
of course not. 12. A: We could/were allowed to leave work early yesterday.
No,
not at all. B: Really? T h a t ' s nice.
4
13. A: M u m , could I go out with J a m e s tonight? 5. Fill in: can, couldn't, may, mustn't, can't or (not) be allowed to.
B: Yes, of c o u r s e you c a n / c o u l d . Act out the conversation.
David: ... I go to t h e c i n e m a t o n i g h t ?
14. A: C o u l d I use your c o m p u t e r ?
Mrs Stone: You know you ... go o u t d u r i n g t h e week.
B: Sorry, but you c o u l d n ' t / c a n ' t . David: But I ... go out last Saturday either. I t h i n k D a d is
t o o strict.
2. Give or refuse permission.
Mrs Stone: You ... speak about your father like t h a t . H e ' s d o i n g
1. C o u l d I b o r r o w y o u r c a r t o n i g h t ? 2. May I leave early? 3. C a n what he t h i n k s is best.
I use I your p h o n e ? 4 . 1 w o n d e r if I m i g h t take t h e day off. 5. M a y I bring David: ... I have some friends over, t h e n ?
a friend with me t h i s afternoon? 6. C a n I speak to Emily? 6. C a n I go Mrs Stone: I ' m afraid you ... . We're having some friends to din
s w i m m i n g now? 7. M a y I c o m e in for a m o m e n t ? 8. M i g h t I use your ner.
bicycle? 9. Do you t h i n k I could close t h e w i n d o w ? 10. C o u l d I have a David: ... I at least watch TV for a while?
look at your magazine? 11. C a n I stay here for a while? 12. M a y I ask Mrs Stone: Yes, you but you must do your h o m e w o r k first.
you a question? 13. C a n I study here? 14. C o u l d I have a look at your David: But I haven't got a n y homework!
notes? 15. I w o n d e r if I m i g h t use your c o m p u t e r . 16. C o u l d I speak Mrs Stone: O h ! Well, in t h a t case, you ... go o u t , but you ... be
to t h e m a n a g e r ? 17. M a y I just say a word? 18. M i g h t I b o r r o w your h o m e late.
umbrella? 19. M a y I miss t h e next English class? 20. C a n I go now? David: I'll be h o m e by 11, I p r o m i s e .
21. Is it all right if I c o m e in now, Mr D o b s o n ? 22. Do you m i n d if 6. Translate into English.

I sit down? 23. Do you m i n d if I t u r n up t h e radio? 24. Do you m i n d
1. М о ж н о я в к л ю ч у м а г н и т о ф о н ? — П о ж а л у й с т а , не н а д о .
m y o p e n i n g t h e window?
Я устала и хочу п о с п а т ь . 2. М о ж н о я в о с п о л ь з у ю с ь в а ш е й руч
3. Ask someone permission to: к о й ? — К о н е ч н о . 3. Д о к т о р , м н е м о ж н о к у п а т ь с я в море? — Д а ,
н о т о л ь к о н е к у п а й т е с ь с л и ш к о м д о л г о . 4 . М о ж н о м н е з а д а т ь во
play t h e p i a n o ; use t h e p h o n e ; b o r r o w his/her car; c o m e a n d see прос? — К о н е ч н о , т о л ь к о я не з н а ю , с м о г у ли я на н е г о о т в е т и т ь .
h i m / h e r ; take t h e day off; t a k e h e r / h i m h o m e ; keep t h e b o o k for an 5. М о ж н о м н е в з я т ь в а ш словарь? — Б о ю с ь , ч т о нет. Он м н е ну
o t h e r week; smoke; c o m e in; listen to t h e r e c o r d ; switch on t h e TV set; ж е н с а м о й . 6. Вы не в о з р а ж а е т е , е с л и я в о с п о л ь з у ю с ь в а ш и м те
help h i m / h e r w i t h his/her suitcases; o p e n t h e window; invite Peter; л е ф о н о м ? — К о н е ч н о , нет. 7. М о ж н о з д е с ь к у р и т ь ? — Нет, н е л ь з я .
use h i s / h e r v a c u u m cleaner; speak to t h e d e a n ; see his new car; use 8. Здесь нельзя оставлять машину. 9. Н а м р а з р е ш и л и пойти на
t h e lavatory. п р о г у л к у в е ч е р о м . 10. Я д у м а ю , ч т о н а м р а з р е ш а т п о л ь з о в а т ь с я
э т о й б и б л и о т е к о й . 11. Е й н е р а з р е ш а ю т п р и х о д и т ь п о з д н о .
He/she will either give or refuse permission.
7. Ask permission to do things. Someone will either give or refuse you
4. Fill in: can, may, could, mustn't or can't. Act out the conversa permission.
tion.
Jim: M u m , ... I go to t h e library? Requests. Requests for repetition. Desire
Mother: Of c o u r s e you J i m , but you ... stay very long.
a) How to make a request:
Jim: ... I stay u n t i l 8 o'clock?
Mother: N o , you because t h e c o n c e r t starts at 8.30. Can
Could
you
(At the library) Would (give me a lift home tonight),
Will please?
Jim: ... I look at t h e latest " M u s i c i a n " m a g a z i n e , please? you d
I wonder if '
Librarian: Yes, you but r e m e m b e r t h a t you ... take it out of you could
t h e library. Would you mind (giving me a lift home)?
I
146
2. A: I'm dying of thirst. Would you m a k e a c u p of tea?

C a n you? (informal request) C a n you help m e , please?
B: O K . I'll p u t t h e kettle o n .
Will you? (very friendly, familiar) Will you get me my glasses,
please? A: A n d c o u l d you bring me some biscuits?
C o u l d you m a k e m e some tea? B: Yes, I'll o p e n t h e new packet.
C o u l d you? (polite request)
M a y 1? (formal request) M a y I have a glass of water? (re
3. A: Would you m i n d o p e n i n g t h e w i n d o w ?
quest)
B: N o t at all. It's t o o stuffy in here.
compare: M a y I o p e n t h e
window?(asking for permission) 4. A: Would you m i n d looking after my bag?
M i g h t I? (very formal request) M i g h t I use your p h o n e ? B: I ' m sorry?
Would you/Would you m i n d ? Would you post this letter for me?
A: C o u l d you possibly look after my bag?
(more polite and formal than Would you m i n d xeroxing these
B: Oh yes, of course. No problem.
"could you ") letters for me?
5. A: Would you m i n d m a i l i n g these letters for me?
b) How to respond favourably to a request:
B: All right. I'll do it w h e n I go d o w n t o w n this afternoon.
of course,
certainly, 6. A: C o u l d you give me a lift?
Yes, sure. B: Pardon?
no problem. A: I said: " C o u l d you give me a lift?"
not at all. B: Certainly.
No,
of course not.
7. A: M o m !
c) How to refuse a request politely: B: Yes, honey.
I'm sorry, I can't. A: C a n you help me w i t h my homework? I really c a n ' t under
Sorry, I can't I'm afraid. (I have to rush off to my sister's s t a n d these history questions.
I'm afraid I can't because after the lesson).
B: Yes, in a m i n u t e .
I'm terribly sorry but
8. A: You k n o w this b o o k is difficult to read!
d) How to ask people to repeat what they have said: B: O h , really?
Sorry? A: Yes. C o u l d you lend me your dictionary? I'll only n e e d it for
Pardon? about an hour.
What B: Sorry, I ' m using it.
When (did you say)?
Where 9. A: I w o n d e r if you could tell me where t h e library is.
B: Certainly. It's just r o u n d t h e corner.
e) How to express a desire:
I'd like 10. A: Anita, will you c o m e here for a minute? Could you get me t h e
(a ticket for the 5 o'clock train).
I want file on sales in France? I just n e e d to check something. O h ,
a n d Anita, I'd love a c u p of coffee, if that's at all possible.
Practice B: Yes, Mr P a r k i n s o n .
T Study and practise. /. How can you make these requests more polite?
1. A: Excuse m e . C o u l d you o p e n t h e d o o r for m e , please? 1. Post t h e letter. 2. Answer t h e t e l e p h o n e . 3. Switch off t h e TV

B: Yes, of course. set. 4. Pass me t h e salt. 5. Show me t h a t grey suit. 6. L e n d me t e n
A: T h a n k you very m u c h . dollars. 7. Bring me your cassettes. 8. F i x my sink. 9. Give me your
lighter. 10. H e l p me with my English. 11. O p e n t h e window. 12. Close Я хочу с х о д и т ь на почту за п о с ы л к о й . Ты не п р и с м о т р и ш ь за А н е й ,
t h e door. 13. Show me your c o m p o s i t i o n . 14. Tell me t h e right t i m e . п о к а м е н я не будет? — К о н е ч н о , я с е й ч а с же зайду. 9. М о ж н о м н е
15. Water t h e flowers. и с п о л ь з о в а т ь э т у к о м н а т у д л я з а н я т и й ? 10. Вы не поможете м н е
2. Ask someone to: с ч е м о д а н а м и ? — К о н е ч н о , помогу. И. Не могли бы вы пока

з а т ь н а м с в о й город? — С у д о в о л ь с т в и е м . 12. П о д о ж д и н е м н о г о .
help you to move i n t o your new house; o p e n t h e window; take the Я уже з а к а н ч и в а ю . 13. М а м а , м о ж н о я п р и д у позже, чем о б ы ч н о ?
c a r to t h e garage; switch t h e lights off w h e n he/she goes to bed; tell 14. Будьте л ю б е з н ы , п о м о г и т е м н е . 15. Ты бы хотела сходить на
J o h n you c a n ' t see h i m t o m o r r o w ; lend you his/her rubber; see who's п л я ж завтра? 16. Ч т о бы ты хотел на обед с е г о д н я ? 17. Я бы хотела
at t h e door; take these letters to t h e post office; call back later; do you п р о в е с т и с в о й о т п у с к в К р ы м у . 18. Где к л ю ч и ? — П р о с т и , ч т о ты
a favour; show you t h e way; tell you t h e t i m e ; bring you t h e bill; wait a сказал?
m i n u t e ; give you a lift; r e p a i r your TV set; carry your bag; take a mes
sage to ... ; xerox a letter for you; lend you £ 20; work overtime tonight;
pick you up from t h e t h e a t r e . Offers
He/she will comply or refuse. a) How to offer to do something:
3. You are going away on business tomorrow. You need your friend's Shall I
help in a number of ways. Make requests in varying degrees of politeness. Would you like me to
Do you want me to
4. Speaking indistinctly, someone:
b) How to accept the offer:
asks you t h e t i m e ; asks you where you live; tells you where h e / s h e
lives; tells you s o m e t h i n g a b o u t t h e weather; says h e / s h e c a n ' t go to
Yes, please.
y o u r p a r t y ; says h e / s h e will p h o n e you at n i n e . That's very kind of you. Thank you.
I'd be very grateful. Thanks a lot.
You haven't heard properly. Ask the person to repeat what he/she That would be nice. Thank you very much.
said.
c) How to refuse the offer politely:
5. Ask someone: No, thank you/thanks. I can manage.
No, there's no need. But thank you/thanks all the same.
what film h e / s h e would like to see; where he/she would like to live;
No, that's all right, thank you.
if h e / s h e wants to be rich; if h e / s h e would like to be a p o p singer; w h o Well, that's very kind of you, but I think I can manage, thanks.
h e / s h e would like to m a r r y ; w h e n h e / s h e w a n t s to start; what h e / s h e
would like for dessert.
Practice
He/she will respond.
1. Offer someone to:
6. Translate into English. xerox t h e letters; help you with t h e luggage; give you a lift; get you
an aspirin; help you move house; p u s h t h e car; lend some m o n e y ; m a k e
1. He м о г л и бы вы м н е д а т ь к о н с у л ь т а ц и ю с е г о д н я ? 2. Не при
coffee; call a d o c t o r ; translate t h e article; wash t h e windows; fix t h e
н е с е т е л и в ы м н е с т а к а н воды? 3 . Будьте д о б р ы , с к а ж и т е , к о т о р ы й
CD player; u n p a c k t h e suitcase; give h i m / h e r a c u p of tea; wake h i m /
час. 4. Пожалуйста, брось письмо в почтовый я щ и к по дороге на
h e r up in t h e m o r n i n g ; buy this d i c t i o n a r y for h i m / h e r ; switch on the
работу. 5. П е р е д а й т е , п о ж а л у й с т а , газету. 6. П о ж а л у й с т а , п о д о ж д и
TV set ; b o o k a ticket for h i m / h e r .
м е н я н е м н о г о . — Х о р о ш о . 7. Вы не м о г л и бы п о д в е з т и м е н я на
в о к з а л ? — С у д о в о л ь с т в и е м . 8. Ты не с д е л а е ш ь м н е о д о л ж е н и е ? He/she will either accept or refuse the offer.
UNIT 13 151
2. Write down suitable offers to the following and accept or politely

A: Could you work overtime on Friday?
refuse the offer. B: I'm terribly sorry, but I've already m a d e a r r a n g e m e n t s to go
1. A: Oh dear! My library b o o k is overdue a n d I'm going to L o n d o n s o m e w h e r e on Friday.
today. A: O h , I see. (pause) M a y I go now?
B: B: W h a t ? O h , yes... yes, of course.
A: 2. Joanna: O h , S i m o n , could you help me move t h e table,
2. A: O h , J o h n ! I've left my m o n e y at h o m e ! please?
B: Simon: Yes, of course. W h e r e do you want it?
Joanna: Er, over t h e r e , by the wall, I t h i n k . It'll give us a bit
A:
m o r e r o o m for d a n c i n g , won't it?
3. A: O h , n o ! I've just missed t h e last bus! Simon: Yes, g o o d idea.
B:
A: (They move the table.)
4. A: I ' m moving i n t o my new flat on Saturday. Joanna: T h a n k s . N o w , what else?

B: Simon: Shall I move t h e sofa, too?
A: Joanna: N o , there's no need, t h a n k s . It c a n stay where it
is. O h , S i m o n , t h e light's gone. W h a t a n u i s a n c e !
5. A: I've got an awful h e a d a c h e .
I haven't got any spare bulbs.
B:
Simon: Shall I go a n d buy one?
A:
Joanna: O h , will you, S i m o n ? I'd be ever so grateful!
6. A: It's h o t in here!
B:
A:
1. П о м о ч ь тебе п е р е в е с т и статью? — С п а с и б о , я с п р а в л ю с ь
с а м . 2. В ы к л ю ч и т ь т е л е в и з о р ? — Д а , уже п о з д н о . П о р а с п а т ь .
3. П о д в е з т и в а с д о м о й ? — Нет, с п а с и б о . Я хочу п р о й т и с ь п е ш к о м .
4. Р а з б у д и т ь т е б я у т р о м ? — Д а , п о ж а л у й с т а . 5. Р а з р е ш и т е п о м о ч ь
в а м . — С п а с и б о , не н а д о . 6. З а й т и за х л е б о м по п у т и д о м о й ? —
Д а , п о ж а л у й с т а . 7. П о ч и н и т ь в а ш телевизор? — Д а , с п а с и б о . Э т о
очень любезно с вашей стороны.
4. Read the following dialogues, replacing the phrases in bold with

phrases of similar meaning. Then write out the new dialogues and act them
out with a partner in class.
1. A: O h , Miss Brown, would you post this letter, please?

B: Yes, certainly. A n d shall I t a k e this parcel to t h e post office,
too?
A: Yes, please. O h , a n d Miss Brown ...
B: Yes?
UNIT 14 153
the station in their car. So all the guests leave together. Mr and M r s
Brown see t h e m off at the garden gate. T h e guests t h a n k their hosts for
a pleasant evening and drive off.
U n i t 14 Comprehension
TOPIC: Meals
1. Listen to the text "The Browns Give a Dinner Party" and answer
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Offering things and substances.
the questions.
Preference
W h a t are the Browns doing this evening? W h a t do the Browns
treat their guests to? W h a t is the conversation at table like? Is M r s
Illustrative Text Brown a good hostess? W h a t do the guests do after dinner? W h e n do
the guests leave the Browns' house? Do you t h i n k they are pleased
The Browns Give a Dinner Party with the party?
T h i s evening the Browns have invited some friends to dinner. It is
just a small d i n n e r party for four of their friends: Mr and M r s C a r t e r 2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer-
a n d M r and M r s M a c d o n a l d .
T h e guests arrive at about half past seven and are shown into the
sitting r o o m where Mr Brown pours drinks for them. Sherry is the Special Difficulties
most popular wine in England; m e n usually prefer dry sherry, but
women prefer sweet. At eight o'clock M r s Brown says d i n n e r is ready, 3. Make sentences using the word combination to be good at smth./
and they move into the d i n i n g room. doing smth.
M a r y Brown does all the cooking in her house. She is always a lit- He/chess, (play chess)
tle worried in case something goes wrong, but this evening everything He is good at chess. (= playing chess)
goes well and the guests make m a n y kind remarks about her cooking.
There are four courses: soup, fish, meat a n d a sweet which is p u d - 1. Roger/cycle; 2. Mike/chemistry; 3. I/play football in my youth;
ding today. Cheese and biscuits and coffee will be served after the 4. S i m o n / m a t h s at school; 5. Sheila/tennis when she was young; 6. My
sweet. friend/Spanish; 7. My wife/cook; 8. T h e boy/swim; 9. Lucy/ d a n c e
T h e conversation at table is lively and interesting. M r s Brown will
4. Fill in the gaps with either do or make.
not let the m e n talk about trade and politics all the time; when she
t h i n k s anyone is getting tired, she changes the subject. She is very 1. Look! W h a t a nice table he has ... . 2. I ... myself a cup of tea.
good at getting people to talk in an interesting way, and there is always 3. Shall we ... this translation now? 4. Why! He's crying. W h a t have
plenty of laughter at her d i n n e r table. Mr Brown often wonders how you ... to h i m ? 5. You've ... so much for her. She must be grateful to
his wife can manage to make sure that all her guests enjoy themselves, you. 6. Don't... a n y t h i n g till I c o m e back. 7. T h i s cover is ... of plas-
and at the same time the d i n n e r is well served. tic. 8. Mr J e n k i n s is ... a lecture on geography upstairs. 9. We all ...
But t h e n , he has k n o w n for a long time that his wife is a very clever mistakes when we were seventeen. 10. I have never ... a speech in my
woman! life. 11. W h a t are you ... here? — I'm waiting for Lucy. 12. You are ...
W h e n d i n n e r is over they go to the sitting room. For a while the your homework, aren't you? 13. D r i n k some milk. It will ... you good.
ladies sit and talk while the m e n stand about smoking their cigars and 14. He ... a h a m - a n d - e g g sandwich. 15. I wonder what present she will
talking business. Presently Mr Brown brings out some of his new r e - ... for h i m . 16. T h i s factory ... agricultural m a c h i n e s . 17. I advise you
cords he t h i n k s his guests will like to hear. not to put off till t o m o r r o w what you can ... today. 18. T h e remark he
At about eleven o'clock the M a c d o n a l d s decide they must go as ... was so strange that I didn't know what to say in reply. 19. W h a t shall
they have to get back to L o n d o n . T h e Carters offer to r u n t h e m to I ... next? 20. He is ... very well at school.
UNIT 14 155
5. Fill in the gaps with either good or well. 1. We got h o m e after m i d n i g h t . 2. W h i l e you're at t h e shops, could
1. My friend speaks several foreign languages ... , he h a s a ... you get s o m e t h i n g for supper? 3. C a n we stop for a while? I'm getting
m e m o r y for words. 2. Tony is n o t very ... w h e n he speaks in public, but tired. 4. I'm getting t h e ten o'clock t r a i n . 5. She gets t h r e e h u n d r e d
he spoke ... at t h e p a r t y yesterday. 3. Mr S m i t h t e a c h e s English ... . H i s p o u n d s a week. 6. C o u l d you get my slippers for me? 7. We c a n get
lessons are usually very ... . 4. I was pleased w h e n t h e t e a c h e r said my s o m e t h i n g to eat on t h e t r a i n . 8. Did you get my last letter?
son was ... at physics. 5. He is a ... footballer. He usually plays football
... . 6. T h e w e a t h e r was ... yesterday. It was w a r m a n d sunny. 7. I ' m not 9. Make dialogues, as in the example.
very ... either. I c a u g h t a cold five days ago. 8. T h e m a c h i n e works ... .
— We shan't be able to watch television tonight.
It has a ... engine. 9. T h e food in t h a t r e s t a u r a n t is very ... . L e t ' s go
— H a s anything gone wrong? (= What's wrong?)
t h e r e . 10. D i d A d a m do ... in t h e test?
— There's something wrong with the TV set.
6. Fill in the gaps with either hard or hardly. Translate the sentences (= Something has gone wrong with the TV set.)
into Russian.
Prompts:
1. T h e r e ' s ... any tea left. 2. I c a n ... keep my eyes o p e n . 3. It's ... send a fax — t h e f a x m o d e m ; go to t h e c o u n t r y — t h e c a r ; l i s t e n
to m a k e o u t w h a t he m e a n s . 4. It's ... t h e t i m e to discuss it now. 5. It t o t h e r a d i o — t h e r a d i o set; i r o n t h e l i n e n — t h e e l e c t r i c i t y ; r i d e
must be ... for her, b r i n g i n g up four c h i l d r e n on her own. 6. She ... ever to the shop — the bicycle; t y p e the article — the c o m p u t e r
calls m e . 7. It's ... to believe t h a t she's only n i n e . 8. I could ... believe
it when I read t h e letter. 9. He ... said a word t h e whole evening. 10. ...
10. Rephrase using the expression be over.
anyone has b o t h e r e d to reply. 11. We ... k n o w each other. 12. It always
gives me pleasure to help people w h o work ... . 13. She was ... 16 w h e n By the time we arrived the meeting had ended.
she left h o m e . 14. " W h e n will t h e j o b be f i n i s h e d ? " " I t ' s ... to say." By the time we arrived the meeting was over.
15. We c a n ' t stop for coffee now, we've ... s t a r t e d . 16. I ' m t h i n k i n g ...
over t h i s p r o b l e m . 17. We h a d ... sat d o w n to s u p p e r w h e n t h e p h o n e 1. T h a n k g o o d n e s s t h a t ' s e n d e d ! 2. W h e n t h e war h a d finished, he
rang. 18. It's ... for old people to c h a n g e t h e i r ways. 19. T h e r e is ... r e t u r n e d to his native town. 3. I was glad w h e n it h a d e n d e d . 4. W h e n
a n o t h e r e n g i n e e r w h o c a n do it b e t t e r t h a n you. 20. He was so tired t h e talks e n d e d , t h e reporters left t h e hall. 5. After t h e classes we
t h a t he could ... walk. 21. It r a i n e d ... t h e whole day yesterday. 22. It's r u s h e d to t h e c a n t e e n . 6. After t h e p e r f o r m a n c e we decided to talk to
... surprising she was tired; she never did any work. t h e p r o d u c e r . 7. As soon as the professor finished the lecture we asked
h i m various questions.
7. Fill in the gaps with either bring or take in the correct form.
//. Translate into English.
bring = move s m t h . towards smb./smth. else
take = move s m t h . away from smb. a) Use the verb get.
1. Please ... t h i s box outside to t h e garden. 2. ... me a c h a i r from

1. Я у б е д и л его п о з в о н и т ь е й . 2. Я не могу з а с т а в и т ь его схо
t h e kitchen, please. 3. He ... t h e c h i l d r e n to play in t h e p a r k yesterday
д и т ь туда. 3. О н а з а с т а в и л а его з а г о в о р и т ь . 4. Я у г о в о р и л его д а т ь
evening. 4. Will you ... me t h e dishes from t h e d i n i n g r o o m , please.
м н е в з а й м ы 50 ф у н т о в . 5. Я не м о г у д о б и т ь с я , ч т о б ы о н а при
5. D o n ' t forget to ... your b o o k s with you. 6. ... t h i s to t h e b a n k for
х о д и л а в о в р е м я . 6 . Т ы м о ж е ш ь с д е л а т ь т а к , ч т о б ы д в е р ь закрыва
m e , would you? 7. Shall I ... a gift to my host family? 8. She ... her
лась? 7. Я д у м а ю , ч т о он з а с т а в и т их к о н ч и т ь работу.
boyfriend to t h e party. 9. ... a present for H e l e n .
b) Use the verb let.
8. In the following sentences replace the verb get by one of the verbs
from the box. 1. О н а р а з р е ш и л а м н е п о л ь з о в а т ь с я ее к о м п ь ю т е р о м . 2. Д а в а й
fetch earn receive arrive
я п о м о г у тебе. 3. Я д у м а ю , р о д и т е л и не р а з р е ш и л и ей п р и н я т ь
catch buy become have
у ч а с т и е в э к с к у р с и и . 4. У ч и т е л ь р а з р е ш и л тебе о т с у т с т в о в а т ь на
з а н я т и я х ? 5. Я п о з в о л и л а ей у й т и с е г о д н я п о р а н ь ш е . 6. Д у м а е ш ь , Offering things and substances. Preference

о т е ц В и к т о р а р а з р е ш и т е м у п о е х а т ь с н а м и ? 7. М о я м а т ь не раз
a) How to offer things and substances:
р е ш а е т м н е к у п а т ь с я о д н о й . 8 . О н р а з р е ш и л тебе п о л ь з о в а т ь с я
его м а ш и н о й ? Would
you like a sandwich/some coffee?
Wouldn't
12. a) Focus on the following.
b) How to respond:
This structure is used to give reason for doing something:
Yes, I'd like one/some, please.
Take t h i s r o a d m a p in case you get lost. No, thank you.
T h e " i n case c l a u s e " gives t h e reason for t h e " m a i n clause",
i.e. t h e reason for t a k i n g a m a p . c) How to ask about preference:
Which do you prefer/like better, tea or coffee?
b) What's the difference in meaning? prefer to
1. I'll buy some apples if I get hungry. What would you <^ do, study Arts or Science?
2. I'll buy some apples in case I get hungry. rather
c) Complete the following sentences with if or in case. d) How to respond:
1. I'll t a k e a plastic bottle of water ... I get thirsty. 2. C a n you buy I prefer . . . .
I like ... better.
me a newspaper ... you pass a kiosk on your way h o m e ? 3. We'll have
^ prefer to
a swim ... we see a nice place by t h e river. 4. I'll c h a n g e a travellers' I'd
c h e q u e ... t h e b a n k is o p e n . 5. He t o o k some extra travellers' c h e q u e s ... rather ...
he r a n o u t of money. 6. ... t h e post office is o p e n , c a n you buy me s o m e
stamps? 7. W h e n you drive to t h e m o u n t a i n s t h i s winter, p u t c h a i n s on
your wheels ... t h e roads are icy. Conversation Practice
T Listen, read and practise. Make substitutions where necessary.
13. Translate the sentences using won't or wouldn't to express re
fusal. Treating Guests
1. П р и н е с и т е д р у г о й к у с о ч е к м е л а . Э т о т м е л не п и ш е т . 2. М о й 1. A: I ' m thirsty. Is t h e r e a n y t h i n g to d r i n k ?
м у ж н и з а ч т о н е хочет ехать н а юг. 3 . Ч а й н и к н и к а к н е к и п и т . B: W o u l d you like s o m e o r a n g e juice?
4 . О к н о н е о т к р ы в а е т с я . 5 . Э т о т н о ж н е режет. 6 . М о т о р н и к а к н е A: N o , t h a n k s . I d o n ' t like o r a n g e juice.
з а в о д и л с я . 7 . О н м е н я н е хотел с л у ш а т ь . 8 . О н н е п о з в о л я л м н е B: H o w about s o m e coke?
пользоваться своей м а ш и н о й . A: O h , yes, please! I'd love s o m e coke!
(coffee/tea; b e e r / m i n e r a l water)
Text Exercises
2. A: I ' m hungry. Is t h e r e a n y t h i n g to eat?
14. Ask questions about the Browns' dinner party.
B: W o u l d you like a h a m sandwich?
15. Speak about the Browns' party. A: N o , t h a n k s . I d o n ' t like h a m .

B: H o w about a cheese sandwich?
16. When did you last go to a party? What was it like? Did you enjoy A: O h , yes, please! I'd love a cheese sandwich!
the party? Was the cooking good? What did you eat? (spaghetti/soup; c h i p s / h a m b u r g e r )
UNIT 14 159
3. — H o w about a nice c u p of t e a before you go? Thanks for Hospitality

— Yes, I'd love o n e . 10. — I really must be going now.
— H o w do you like it? — But you've only just c o m e . W o u l d n ' t you like to stay for a
— A strong o n e with t h r e e s p o o n s for m e , please, snack?
(coffee, c o c o a ) — T h a t ' s very kind of you, but I m u s t n ' t be t o o late.
— W h a t a pity!
4. — A n o t h e r piece of m e a t pie?
— T h a n k s very m u c h for t h e party.
— N o , t h a n k s , really. I ' m on a diet.
— It was a pleasure to have you.
— Please, do. You've hardly eaten a n y t h i n g .
— It's delicious, but I don't think I ought to. 11. — I t h i n k I m u s t be off.
(chicken, p u d d i n g , cake) — So soon? C a n ' t you stay a little longer?
— I'd love t o , but I have to get up early tomorrow.
5. — Do have t h e rest of t h e chicken!
— What a shame!
— N o , t h a n k you. I've h a d t o o m u c h already.
— T h a n k you for a wonderful meal.
— Just t a k e it to please m e .
— O K , but o n l y a small piece or I s h a n ' t have r o o m for my p u d d i n g . — I ' m glad you enjoyed it.
(meat, cheese)
In a Restaurant
6. — Are there any biscuits, please?
— Yes, of course. Would you like one? a) Choosing a dish and a drink
— Yes, please.
1. — W h a t do you w a n t to d r i n k ?
— H e r e you are.
— I feel like a c u p of tea.
(sweets, apples, oranges, t o m a t o e s )
— Do you fancy s o m e t h i n g to eat?
7. — Will you please give me a little m o r e salad? — Yes, I'd rather like some of t h a t fruit cake.
— Just a m o m e n t . H e r e you are. W h a t a b o u t b a c o n a n d eggs? — T h a t ' s a g o o d idea. I t h i n k I'll j o i n you.
Will you have some? (a c u p of coffee/apple pie; a glass of o r a n g e j u i c e / p u d d i n g )
— Yes. I'll have s o m e , please. A n d t h e n a c u p of strong tea.
2. — W h a t would you like to d r i n k ?
(cheese, fish) — A black coffee for m e , please.
8. — Please, c o m e in. — H o w about s o m e t h i n g to eat?
— T h a n k you. — Yes, I'd like a portion of that strawberry tart.
— Please, sit d o w n . Would you like a c u p of tea? (a glass of m i n e r a l water/cake; a bottle of lemonade/meat pie)
— Yes, please.
— H o w about a biscuit? 3. — W h a t will you have for the m a i n course?
— N o , t h a n k s . I ' m on a diet. — C h i c k e n s o u p a n d beefsteak.
(a c u p of coffee/a sandwich; a glass of milk/a piece of cake; — I d o n ' t want s o u p today. I'll take a m u t t o n c h o p with
mashed potatoes.
a glass of l e m o n a d e / a n apple pie)
(noodle soup, veal, chicken, cauliflower)
9. — Is there any coffee, please?
— Yes, t h e r e is. 4. — Do you w a n t a n y t h i n g to start with, Simon?
— M a y I have some, please? — Yes, s o m e t o m a t o juice.
— H e l p yourself, — As for m e , I'd like s o m e salad to begin with,

(chocolate, beef, cake) (fish/cold m e a t ; apple j u i c e / h a m )
U !\ I I 14 101
C o u l d you b r i n g us some m o r e tea, please?

5. — W h a t shall we have for d i n n e r today?
Of c o u r s e , sir.
— Let's have t o m a t o s o u p a n d beefsteak.
... a n d could you b r i n g me t h e bill, please. I ' m in a hurry.
— I'd r a t h e r have a m u t t o n c h o p .
(clear soup, m i l k soup, roasted m e a t , chicken) 5. Customer: Waiter! I'd like t h e m e n u , please.
Waiter: H e r e you are, sir.
6. A: Shall we have s o m e soup first? Customer: T h a n k s . . . I'd like some soup.
B: N o , t h a n k you. I d o n ' t like soup. I'd rather have some fruit Waiter: T o m a t o soup?
juice to start with, (prefer to) Customer: Yes, please, a n d I'd like a steak.
A : O K . A n d w h a t a b o u t t h e m a i n course? W h i c h would you Waiter: R a r e , m e d i u m o r well-done?
rather have, fish or m e a t ? (prefer to) Customer: M e d i u m , please.
B: M e a t , I t h i n k . Waiter: W h i c h vegetables would you like?
A: D o n ' t you like fish, t h e n ? Customer: I'd like s o m e p o t a t o e s , s o m e p e a s a n d a salad,
В: I d o , but I prefer meat, (like ... better) please.
A: Shall we have some white wine? Waiter: C e r t a i n l y , sir.
B: I'd rather have red, please, (prefer to) Customer: A n d I'd like some wine.
A: D o n ' t you like white wine, t h e n ? Waiter: W h i c h w i n e would you like, sir?
B: Yes, but I prefer red w i n e with m e a t , (like ... better) Customer: A bottle of red wine, please.
A: W h a t would you like for dessert? S o m e cheese? 6. Waiter: May I help you?
B: I'd rather just have a coffee, I t h i n k , (prefer (just to)) Customer: I'd like a steak.
A: F i n e . A n d ... er, after d i n n e r ? Shall we go to a disco? Waiter: H o w would you like it?
B: No thanks. I'd rather go straight home. I'm very tired, (prefer to) Customer: Rare.
Waiter: Okay. A n d would you prefer a baked p o t a t o or rice
b) Ordering a meal with it?
Customer: I'd prefer a b a k e d p o t a t o .
1. — Have you decided on s o m e t h i n g ?
Waiter: Anything to drink?
— Yes. H a d d o c k a n d chips for m e , please.
Customer: H o w about a nice c u p of coffee, please?
— H o w about t h e sweet?
Waiter: Okay. T h a t ' s a r a r e steak with a b a k e d p o t a t o a n d a
— No sweet. Just coffee.
c u p of coffee.
(chicken a n d rice; roasted meat a n d m a s h e d p o t a t o e s )
Eating Dinner
2. — M a y I take your order, sir?
— Yes, I'd like to t r y t h e steak, please. Tim: It's a q u a r t e r past two (2.15). I haven't h a d a n y t h i n g
— A n d to follow? to eat since breakfast. I ' m hungry.
— Ice c r e a m , please, Sheila: So a m I.
(chicken/a couple of oranges) Tim: You'd like d i n n e r now, w o u l d n ' t you?
Sheila: Yes.
3. — C a n I take y o u r order, sir? Tim: W h y d o n ' t we eat in t h a t r e s t a u r a n t ?
— I'll just take a small salad, please. Sheila: T h a t ' s a good idea.
— Do you w a n t any sweet?
— Apple pie a n d c u s t a r d would be nice. (In the restaurant)
(a steak/a c u p of coffee; fried p o t a t o e s / a n ice c r e a m )
Tim: Waiter! Waiter! Bring us t h e m e n u , will you?
Waiter: Sorry, what did you say?
4. — O h , excuse m e !
Tim: Will you please b r i n g us t h e m e n u ?
— Yes, sir?
Waiter: Yes, of course. Here you are. A. Listen to the conversation once more. Imitate the phrases expressing
Tim: We'll n e e d a while to choose. C o u l d you c o m e back requests and volition and the replies to them.
in a m i n u t e ?
Waiter: All right. B. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
Tim: Is t h e r e a n y t h i n g to your taste on t h e m e n u ?
Я хочу есть. — Я тоже. П о ж а л у й с т а , п р и н е с и т е м н е с а л ф е т к у .
Sheila: Yes, all k i n d s of t h i n g s .
П о ч е м у б ы н а м н е п о о б е д а т ь в т о м р е с т о р а н е ? О ф и ц и а н т , при
Tim: Would you like a n y t h i n g to start with?
н е с и т е н а м м е н ю , п о ж а л у й с т а . Я б ы хотела с а л а т и з о г у р ц о в д л я
Sheila: Yes, I'd like to t r y t h e c u c u m b e r salad.
н а ч а л а . В м е н ю е с т ь ч т о - н и б у д ь н а т в о й вкус? М ы х о т и м обед н а
Tim: So would I. A n d what about t h e m a i n course?
д в о и х . М о ж н о у вас п р и н я т ь с е й ч а с з а к а з ? Т ы б ы хотела пообе
Sheila: I can't decide between the veal cutlet a n d the chicken.
д а т ь , не т а к л и ? П р о с т и т е , ч т о вы с к а з а л и ? Я с с а м о г о з а в т р а к а
Tim: Let's take t h e veal cutlet. It's t h e speciality of t h e
н и ч е г о н е ел. Х о т и т е ч т о - н и б у д ь в ы п и т ь ? Н а м п о н а д о б и т с я не
house.
м н о г о в р е м е н и , ч т о б ы в ы б р а т ь . Я п р е д п о ч и т а ю в а р е н ы й карто
Sheila: All right.
ф е л ь . К а к тебе н р а в и т с я котлета? Вот, п о ж а л у й с т а . О н и о ч е н ь
Tim: W h a t would you like with t h e veal?
с о ч н ы е . О ф и ц и а н т , счет, п о ж а л у й с т а .
Sheila: Cauliflower.
Tim: A n d 1 prefer boiled p o t a t o e s . Do you w a n t s o m e
C. Give synonymous expressions for the following.
fruit?
Sheila: I'd like an orange. You'd like d i n n e r now, w o u l d n ' t you? W h y d o n ' t we eat in t h a t
Waiter: C a n I t a k e your order now? r e s t a u r a n t ? Bring us t h e m e n u , will you? Sorry, w h a t did you say?
Tim: We w a n t d i n n e r for two. Bring us two veal cutlets C o u l d you c o m e back in a m i n u t e ? Would you like a n y t h i n g to start
with cauliflower a n d boiled p o t a t o e s , two c u c u m b e r with? I'd like to t r y t h e c u c u m b e r salad. Let's take t h e veal. C a n I t a k e
salads a n d a couple of oranges. your o r d e r now? We want d i n n e r for two. Would you please b r i n g me
Waiter: A n y t h i n g to d r i n k ? a n a p k i n ? H o w is t h e cutlet? H o w m u c h is it?
Sheila: A half of cider, please.
Tim: A half of cider a n d a p i n t of bitter, please. I h o p e it's D. Give a brief account of the conversation.
cold.
E. Act out the conversation "Eating Dinner".
Waiter: Would you like a n y t h i n g else?
Tim: N o , t h a t ' l l be all right. F. Act out the following situations.
Sheila: Would you please bring me a n a p k i n ?
Waiter: Certainly. 1. You've c o m e to a r e s t a u r a n t . You call t h e waiter a n d o r d e r din
n e r of t h r e e courses. At t h e e n d of t h e m e a l you ask for t h e bill.
(Some minutes later) 2. Your friend a n d you are at a r e s t a u r a n t . At t h e m o m e n t you are
looking at t h e m e n u a n d choosing t h e dishes you would like to try.
Tim: H o w is t h e cutlet? Your tastes differ.
Sheila: Very tender, t h a n k you. A n d I like t h e oranges. T h e y 3. You are at y o u r friends' h o u s e . T h e hostess is treating you to a
are very juicy. substantial d i n n e r a n d t h e host is p o u r i n g wine. You enjoy t h e m e a l
Tim: Waiter, o u r bill, please. H o w m u c h is it? a n d c o m p l i m e n t t h e hostess o n her c o o k i n g . O n leaving t h e h o u s e you
Waiter: H e r e you are, sir. Eight p o u n d s a n d twenty p e n c e . t h a n k t h e hostess for a wonderful m e a l .
77m: T h a n k you. H e r e is ten p o u n d s . K e e p t h e c h a n g e .
Waiter: T h a n k you, sir. Booking in Advance
[ г ] W h e r e is t h e scene t a k i n g place? W h o are t h e speakers? Are A m a n is calling a r e s t a u r a n t to reserve a table.
they having breakfast or d i n n e r ? W h a t have they decided on? Maitre D': G o o d evening, Le Cuisinier.
H o w does Sheila find t h e cutlet a n d t h e oranges? Have they Mr Novak: Hello. I'd like to m a k e a reservation for next Saturday
tipped t h e waiter? night.
e*
Maitre D': All right. How m a n y are t h e r e in your party, sir, a n d [Y] W h e r e did S h e r m a n a n d D o r o t h y celebrate t h e i r w e d d i n g an
what t i m e would you like to c o m e ? niversary? W h a t dishes did they o r d e r at t h e restaurant? How
Mr Novak: At 7.30 a n d there'll be four of us. did they Find t h e c o o k i n g ?
Maitre D': Just a m o m e n t , please... I'm afraid I d o n ' t have any
t h i n g for four at 7.30. Would 8 be all right? Bon Appetit
Mr Novak: Yes, it would.
An A m e r i c a n a n d a F r e n c h m a n who knew only their own languages
Maitre D': Your n a m e , please.
were d i n i n g at the same table on board a ship. On the first day the
Mr Novak: Novak.
F r e n c h m a n c a m e to the restaurant first. W h e n the A m e r i c a n c a m e , he
Maitre D': All right, Mr Novak, I've reserved a table for a p a r t y
stood up, made a l o n g b o w a n d said: " B o n appetit." T h e American thought
of four at 8 t h i s c o m i n g Saturday.
Mr Novak: T h a n k you. G o o d b y e . he was introducing himself. So he also bowed a n d said: " W a t s o n . "
T h i s h a p p e n e d several t i m e s a n d t h e A m e r i c a n w h o could not un
Maitre D': Goodbye.
d e r s t a n d why t h e F r e n c h m a n i n t r o d u c e d h i m s e l f s o m a n y t i m e s asked
[У| W h a t is Mr N o v a k doing at t h e m o m e n t ? W h e n would he like his friend about it. H i s friend explained t h a t " B o n a p p e t i t " m e a n t
to c o m e ? H o w m a n y people are t h e r e in t h e i r party? D o e s 8 " G o o d a p p e t i t e " . T h e A m e r i c a n d e c i d e d t o c o r r e c t his mistake. Next
o'clock suit M r N o v a k ? m o r n i n g he was t h e first at t h e table a n d w h e n t h e F r e n c h m a n c a m e ,
h e s t o o d u p a n d said: " B o n appetit." T h e F r e n c h m a n i m m e d i a t e l y
r e t u r n e d t h e bow a n d said: " W a t s o n . "
Situation. It is your wife's/your husband's birthday tomorrow. You are
going out to celebrate. At the moment you are phoning a restaurant and
[У] W h e r e did t h e A m e r i c a n a n d t h e F r e n c h m a n meet? How did the
booking a table for eight people.
F r e n c h m a n greet the A m e r i c a n when they met at breakfast? D i d
t h e A m e r i c a n u n d e r s t a n d what the F r e n c h m a n said? W h a t did
Listening he answer in reply? How did the A m e r i c a n correct his mistake?
At the Continental Restaurant A Rainy Day Episode

Yesterday was S h e r m a n a n d D o r o t h y J o h n s o n ' s t w e n t y - t h i r d an It h a d b e e n r a i n i n g h a r d t h e whole m o r n i n g when I h a d to leave
niversary. T h e y went to t h e C o n t i n e n t a l R e s t a u r a n t for d i n n e r . T h i s t h e h o u s e . I w a n t e d to take an umbrella but I saw t h a t out of my five
r e s t a u r a n t is a very special place for S h e r m a n a n d D o r o t h y b e c a u s e
u m b r e l l a s t h e r e wasn't a single o n e w h i c h I could use. I decided to t a k e
they went t h e r e on t h e i r first date twenty-four years ago.
all my u m b r e l l a s to the repair shop. " I ' l l be back for my u m b r e l l a s on
S h e r m a n a n d D o r o t h y sat at a quiet, r o m a n t i c table in t h e cor
my way h o m e in t h e evening," I said to t h e umbrella-maker.
ner. T h e y h a d two glasses of w i n e a n d t h e n they ordered d i n n e r . First
At o n e o'clock in t h e afternoon I felt h u n g r y a n d went to t h e cafd.
D o r o t h y o r d e r e d a bowl of vegetable soup, a n d S h e r m a n o r d e r e d a
It was still r a i n i n g heavily. I entered t h e cafe\ sat down at o n e of t h e
glass of t o m a t o juice.
tables a n d o r d e r e d l u n c h . A few m i n u t e s later a y o u n g lady with an
F o r t h e m a i n course D o r o t h y ordered baked chicken with rice a n d
umbrella in h e r h a n d c a m e in a n d sat down at t h e s a m e table. I fin
S h e r m a n o r d e r e d fish with p o t a t o e s .
ished my l u n c h , got up a n d t o o k her u m b r e l l a by mistake. I must tell
F o r dessert D o r o t h y ordered a piece of apple pie a n d S h e r m a n
o r d e r e d a bowl of strawberries. you I ' m a very a b s e n t - m i n d e d m a n ! " T h i s is my u m b r e l l a ! " cried t h e
S h e r m a n a n d D o r o t h y enjoyed t h e i r d i n n e r very m u c h . T h e soup w o m a n . " E x c u s e m e , " I said r e t u r n i n g t h e umbrella to her. " I ' m aw
was delicious a n d t h e t o m a t o j u i c e was fresh. T h e chicken was wonder fully sorry."
ful a n d t h e rice was tasty. T h e fish was fantastic a n d the p o t a t o e s were In t h e evening on my way h o m e I called for t h e umbrellas, w h i c h
excellent. T h e apple pie was magnificent a n d the strawberries were out were ready by t h a t t i m e . T h e n I went to t h e nearest u n d e r g r o u n d sta
of t h i s world! tion, got i n t o a carriage, put my five u m b r e l l a s by my side a n d began
S h e r m a n a n d D o r o t h y h a d a wonderful evening at t h e C o n t i n e n t a l to read a newspaper. Suddenly I h e a r d a voice: " O h , you've h a d a suc
R e s t a u r a n t . It was a very special anniversary. cessful day today, haven't y o u ? " I looked up a n d saw t h e w o m a n with
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II U N I T 14 167
166
w h o m I h a d h a d l u n c h at t h e cafe\ or a c a n d y c o u n t e r , or you c a n get a bite to eat at o n e of t h e m a n y fast

food c h a i n s , like M c D o n a l d ' s , Burger K i n g , K e n t u c k y Fried C h i c k e n ,
[У] W h a t was t h e w e a t h e r like t h a t day? W h y did t h e m a n have to or T a c o T i m e . Or you c a n get a h e r o or s u b m a r i n e sandwich " t o s t a y "
g o t o t h e repair shop? W h a t h a p p e n e d a t l u n c h ? W h a t hap or " t o g o " from a sandwich s h o p or deli. S o m e of these places have ta
p e n e d in t h e evening? bles, b u t m a n y d o n ' t . People eat in t h e i r cars or t a k e t h e i r food h o m e ,
to t h e i r offices or to parks. If you prefer sitting d o w n b u t still d o n ' t
want to spend m u c h , you c a n t r y a cafeteria. At all of these places, you
Reading
pay at a c a s h register before you sit d o w n , a n d you d o n ' t have to tip
Meals in Britain a n y b o d y — b u t you usually have to clear t h e table w h e n you finish!
A t r a d i t i o n a l English breakfast is a very big meal — sausages, ba Glossary

c o n , eggs, t o m a t o e s , m u s h r o o m s . . . But nowadays m a n y people just candy: very sweet sugary food
have cereal with m i l k a n d sugar, o r toast with m a r m a l a d e , j a m , o r deli: s h o r t for "delicatessen", a s h o p where you c a n buy salads a n d
honey. M a r m a l a d e a n d j a m are n o t t h e s a m e . M a r m a l a d e i s m a d e c o o k e d m e a t s a n d have sandwiches m a d e
from oranges a n d j a m is m a d e from o t h e r fruit. T h e t r a d i t i o n a l break junk food: snack foods t h a t are n o t g o o d for you
fast d r i n k is tea, w h i c h people have with cold m i l k . S o m e people have
coffee, often i n s t a n t coffee, w h i c h is m a d e with just hot water. M a n y
visitors to Britain find t h i s coffee disgusting! Fluency
F o r m a n y people l u n c h is a quick meal. In cities t h e r e are a lot of /. Answer the questions about yourself.
sandwich bars, where office workers c a n choose t h e k i n d of b r e a d t h e y
w a n t — b r o w n , white, or a roll — a n d t h e n all sorts of salad a n d m e a t W h a t d o e s y o u r u s u a l d i n n e r consist of? W h a t are your favourite
or fish to go in t h e sandwich. P u b s often serve good, c h e a p food, b o t h dishes? A r e you a g o o d cook? C a n you give me a recipe of o n e of t h e
hot a n d cold. S c h o o l c h i l d r e n c a n have a hot m e a l at school, b u t m a n y dishes you c a n c o o k best? Have you got a n y children? W h a t are t h e i r
just take a snack from h o m e — a sandwich, a d r i n k , s o m e fruit, a n d likes a n d dislikes as far as food is c o n c e r n e d ? Do you always eat at
p e r h a p s s o m e crisps. h o m e or do you s o m e t i m e s d i n e out? W h e n did you last go to a restau
" T e a " m e a n s two t h i n g s . It is a d r i n k a n d a meal. S o m e people rant? D i d you like t h e service a n d t h e c o o k i n g ? W h i c h of t h e M o s c o w
have a f t e r n o o n tea, with sandwiches, cakes, a n d , of c o u r s e , a c u p of r e s t a u r a n t s do you prefer? W h y ? Have you ever travelled abroad? H o w
tea. C r e a m teas are p o p u l a r . You have scones (a k i n d of cake) with did you find t h e food in t h e c o u n t r i e s you visited? W h a t is t h e c a n t e e n
cream and jam. in your office like? Do you often have your m e a l s there?
T h e evening m e a l is t h e m a i n m e a l of t h e day for m a n y people.
2. Discuss the following.
T h e y usually have it quite early, between 6.00 a n d 8.00, a n d often t h e
whole family eats together. 1. M a n y p e o p l e Find it very convenient to have d i n n e r at a c a n t e e n
On Sundays m a n y families have a t r a d i t i o n a l l u n c h . T h e y have or a cafe" on weekdays. A r e you of t h e s a m e o p i n i o n ? Why?
roast m e a t , either beef, lamb, c h i c k e n , or pork, with p o t a t o e s , veg 2. It is convenient to have a party at a restaurant rather t h a n at
etables, a n d gravy. G r a v y is a sauce m a d e from t h e m e a t juices. T h e h o m e . No trouble at all. All pleasure a n d fun. W h a t do you t h i n k of it?
British like t h e food from o t h e r c o u n t r i e s , t o o , especially I t a l i a n ,
F r e n c h , C h i n e s e a n d I n d i a n . People often get take-away m e a l s — you 3. Act out the following situations.
buy t h e food at t h e r e s t a u r a n t a n d t h e n bring it h o m e to eat. E a t i n g in 1. You w a n t to a r r a n g e a business lunch for yourself a n d represen
B r i t a i n is quite i n t e r n a t i o n a l . tatives of a n o t h e r c o m p a n y . C a l l the r e s t a u r a n t to reserve a table for
t h e n u m b e r of people a n d t i m e you w a n t . Ask what they have on t h e i r
Getting Something to Eat in the US menu.
You'll find r e s t a u r a n t s for every situation in t h e U S . If you are in a 2. Your friend a n d you are having l u n c h in a r e s t a u r a n t in L o n d o n .
hurry, you may j u s t w a n t to grab s o m e " j u n k " food at a grocery store Before paying t h e bill you decide on how m u c h to tip t h e waiter (the
UNIT 14 169
m e a t w a s o v e r d o n e , t h e service was slow, s o m e i t e m s on t h e table were

missing). 15. Will you please buy ... loaf of ... b r o w n bread? 16. He is fond of
... cabbage soup. 17. I liked ... pork we h a d for ... supper. 18. I h a d ...
4. Speak on: big d i n n e r today. 19. D i d you enjoy ... meal? 20. ... j u i c e was delicious.
21. ... d i n n e r is cold already. We must w a r m it u p . 22. It is ... very
a) y o u r favourite dishes; b) y o u r usual breakfast (dinner, supper);
substantial breakfast, isn't it? 23. I enjoyed ... l u n c h they served at t h e
c) y o u r last visit to a r e s t a u r a n t .
restaurant.
Write about a party you enjoyed.
3. Fill in the gaps with articles if necessary. Get ready to retell the text
in class.
Self Check
T h i s is ... (1) story about two cities, o n e w o m a n a n d ... (2) t o m a t o
1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions if necessary. sauce. ... (3) story began nearly o n e h u n d r e d years ago in ... (4) k i t c h e n
of ... (5) small house in ... (6) a n c i e n t city of ... (7) Melfi in ... (8)
A. M i k e a n d Peter have c o m e ... t h e c a n t e e n to have d i n n e r . It is
s o u t h e r n Italy. It e n d e d with o n e of... (9) USA's best-selling sauces.
o n l y h a l f ... o n e b u t t h e r e are a lot of people ... t h e c a n t e e n already.
In July 1892, ... (10) baby girl was b o r n in ... (11) Melfi. She was
T h e boys go ... a small r o u n d table ... a window, t a k e a m e n u c a r d ...
called ... (12) A s s u n t a G a l a . H e r father, ... (13) Michelangelo, a n d his
t h e next table a n d begin to read it. T h e r e is a great c h o i c e ... dishes ...
wife A m e l i a h a d ten c h i l d r e n altogether. F o u r of t h e m died.
t h e m e n u . M i k e w a n t s to have cabbage s o u p ... t h e first c o u r s e . Peter
In t h o s e days ... (14) life in ... (15) s o u t h e r n Italy was very h a r d .
prefers m i l k soup. ... t h e s e c o n d c o u r s e t h e boys will have fish ... po
O n e way of ... (16) escape was ... (17) ticket to ... (18) U S A . ... (19)
t a t o e s . B o t h ... t h e m are fond ... ice c r e a m , so t h e y are going to have
it... dessert. M i k e h a s t a k e n a n e w s p a p e r ... his bag. He likes to read whole family e m i g r a t e d a n d A s s u n t a arrived in ... (20) N e w York on
s o m e t h i n g ... d i n n e r . ... (21) t e n t h of May, 1914. T h e y went straight to " L i t t l e I t a l y " in N e w

York State a n d settled in ... (22) city of Rochester. A s s u n t a h a d no
B. J u s t listen ... t h i s . To b e g i n with, I h a d to wait t w e n t y m i n u t e s skills e x c e p t . . . (23) c o o k i n g a n d she worked in h e r b r o t h e r ' s r e s t a u r a n t
... t h e waitress. W h e n I asked h e r ... t h e m e n u , she h a d to go a n d look for several years. In 1927 she m a r r i e d G i o v a n n i C a n t i s a n o a n d s t a r t e d
... it; t h e r e was o n l y o n e , a n d s o m e t h i n g h a d h a p p e n e d ... it. T h e n , ... (24) family.
w h e n I spoke ... h e r she d i d n ' t listen ... m e , so she b r o u g h t s o m e To e a r n ... (25) little extra money, A s s u n t a b e g a n to m a k e ... (26)
c h e e s e w h i c h I d i d n ' t w a n t . I h a d n ' t asked ... it, but she w a n t e d me spaghetti sauce. She used h e r m o t h e r ' s old recipe, m a d e ... (27) sauce in
t o pay for it! T h e r e s t a u r a n t b e l o n g s ... T a m a r a L a n e , t h e T V c o o k e r y her k i t c h e n a n d sold it locally. S o o n everyone w a n t e d ... (28) sauce a n d
expert. I shall write ... her. T h e waitresses should look ... t h e custom ... (29) C a n t i s a n o s moved ... (30) k i t c h e n to ... (31) factory. T h e y p u t . . .
ers better. (32) sauce i n t o ... (33) c a n s , called it " R a g u " a n d sold it t h r o u g h o u t . . .
(34) n o r t h e a s t e r n states.
2. Fill in the gaps with articles if necessary.
In 1969, ... (35) A m e r i c a n food c o m p a n y b o u g h t ... (36) "golden
1. I d o n ' t like ... m i n e r a l water. I prefer ... c u p of... tea. 2. Is t h e r e r e c i p e " for over forty m i l l i o n dollars! A s s u n t a began h e r life in ... (37)
a n y t h i n g to your taste on ... m e n u ? 3. She is going to c o o k ... fish s o u p poverty a n d died ...(38) millionairess. H e r sauce was ... (39) best-selling
for ... d i n n e r . 4. W h a t c a n you r e c o m m e n d for ... first course? 5. ... spaghetti sauce in ... (40) whole of... (41) U S A .
m e a t is just to my liking. 6. W h a t do you usually have for ... s e c o n d
course? 7. ... cheese was fresh a n d tasty a n d he ate it with ... appetite. 5. Translate into English.
8. At ... d i n n e r we sat far from e a c h o t h e r a n d c o u l d not talk. 9. After
— Ты уже о б е д а л ?
... d i n n e r sit a while, a f t e r . . . s u p p e r walk a mile. 10. W h o is c o m i n g to
— Нет еще.
... tea? 11. I h a d ... s u p p e r at t h e hotel r e s t a u r a n t . 12. F o r ... breakfast
— Я т о ж е . Я о ч е н ь хочу е с т ь . Д а в а й п о о б е д а е м г д е - н и б у д ь
I h a d ... boiled egg a n d ... c u p of... strong tea. 13. He prefers ... roasted
вместе.
m e a t for ... s e c o n d c o u r s e . 14. She likes ... black coffee for ... breakfast.
— Х о р о ш о . П о й д е м в к а ф е на у л и ц е Ц е н т р а л ь н о й ?
— С у д о в о л ь с т в и е м . Я т а м не р а з б ы в а л . Э т о к а ф е м н е о ч е н ь
нравится. Там хорошо готовят и обслуживают.
(В кафе)
Unit 15
— Что сегодня в меню?
— М н о г о б л ю д на м о й вкус. Я хочу в з я т ь к у р и н ы й б у л ь о н , G R A M M A R : Question tags
б и ф ш т е к с и стакан апельсинового сока. А ты?
— Ч т о к а с а е т с я м е н я , то я в о з ь м у б а р а н ь ю о т б и в н у ю и бутыл C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Solidarity
ку п и в а . Я не хочу с у п с е г о д н я .
— Ты х о ч е ш ь м о р о ж е н о г о ? SOLIDARITY
— Н е т , я не л ю б л ю м о р о ж е н о е .
— Ты не хочешь выпить? Illustrative Situations
— Д а в а й в о з ь м е м б у т ы л к у сухого в и н а .
— Ч т о - н и б у д ь еще?
— Нет, э т о все. Д а в а й п о з о в е м о ф и ц и а н т а и с д е л а е м з а к а з . 1. — Bill is very athletic. He c a n swim very well.
— So c a n Jack.
— Yes, t h e y are b o t h very good at sports.
2. — I am going to t h e c i n e m a .
— So a m I.
— I h o p e t h e film will be good.
— So d o I.
3. - W h e r e is Kate?
— She's got to stay at h o m e a n d look after t h e c h i l d r e n .
— So h a s Bill, as a m a t t e r of fact.
— T h e n we c a n ' t play bridge, c a n we?
4. — J i m played cards yesterday.

— So did P a u l .
— D i d n ' t they get i n t o trouble?
— Yes, I expect so.
5. — I ' m afraid Jack and Jim aren't getting on very well in

English.
— N o , they a r e n ' t .
— Particularly Jack, he ought to work harder.
— So o u g h t J i m .
— I quite agree.
6. — Have you ever b e e n to Australia?

— N o , I haven't.
— N e i t h e r have I, b u t I've b e e n to J a p a n .
— So have I.
7. — I ' m not going to t h e club, I'm afraid. A: ... not to t h e Hotel del Sol?
— N e i t h e r am I. B: Yes ... why?
— It's a pity, isn't it? A: Well, I'll see you. I'm staying t h e r e , t o o !
— Yes, I suppose so. 14. Pascale: I like tea with m i l k a n d sugar.
Luisa: So do I, but I d o n ' t like t h e coffee here, a n d neither
8. — Have you got a radio?
d o e s M a r i a . It's t o o weak. C a n you cook English
— N o , I haven't. But I've got a p i a n o .
food?
— So have I.
Pascale: N o , n o t very well.
9. — W h a t do you t h i n k of space travel? Luisa: N e i t h e r c a n I. But we had a good meal last night
— I t h i n k it's very exciting. at Stone's C h o p H o u s e . T h e y call it " T h e h o m e of
— So do I, but M a r y d o e s n ' t . traditional English food."
Pascale: Yes, in Leicester Square. But isn't eating out in
— D o e s n ' t she?
L o n d o n expensive! I've spent so m u c h m o n e y on
— N o , she t h i n k s it's rather useless.
food.
10. — As a child I c o u l d j u m p well. Luisa: So have I, a n d I've also put on weight.
— I c o u l d n ' t but I could climb trees.
— So could I, but I c a n ' t now.
Practice
— N e i t h e r c a n I.
1. Express solidarity.
11. — Would you like to buy a bicycle?
— N o , not particularly. I'd rather buy a motorbike. a) A: Tom is going by taxi. (Bill)
— So would I. B: And so is Bill.
12. — D i c k will get a rise next m o n t h . 1. T h e y h a d cornflakes for breakfast. (I) 2. G e o r g e has l u n c h in
— So will Bill. t h e c a n t e e n . ( G e r a l d ) 3. J o h n h a s a car. (Alan) 4. A n n got a p a r k i n g
ticket. (Alice) 5. M a r y ' s t a k i n g p h o t o g r a p h s . ( M i c h a e l ) 6. I ' m tired of
13. A: I ' m on holiday next m o n t h .
this, (we all) 7. R i c h a r d h a s just got h o m e . (Philip) 8. Bill should take
B: So a m I.
a holiday. (Peter) 9. Emily offered to help. (Jean) 10. H u g h liked t h e
A: I n e e d a c h a n g e .
film. ( M a r y ) 11. Jack must go. (his wife) 12. A n n m a d e six mistakes,
B: O h , so do I. I ' m tired of t h e s a m e office a n d t h e s a m e (you) 13. T h e y ' r e looking for a flat, (we) 14. T h e y missed t h e pro
people every day! g r a m m e , (we) 15. P h i l i p will have to take lessons. (Pat) 16. Dick speaks
A: W h e r e are you going? C h i n e s e . ( P a u l ) 17. F r e d has b o u g h t a car. ( M a r k ) 18. Steve c a n swim
B: Spain. well. ( D o n a l d ) 19. I ' m happy. (I) 20. I was here last week. (I) 21. I
A: O h , I went t h e r e last year. studied m a t h e m a t i c s at school. ( I )
B: So did I. We always go to Spain... b u t we never go to t h e
C o s t a Brava. b) A: Jack couldn't understand it. (Tom)
B: Neither could Tom.
A: N o , neither do I. T h e r e are t o o m a n y E n g l i s h people
there. 1. Peter h a s n ' t t i m e to study. (Bill) 2. G e o r g e m u s t n ' t be late.
B: W h e r e exactly are you going? (Arthur) 3. Paul d i d n ' t get any sleep, (his m o t h e r ) 4. A n n d o e s n ' t
A: San Pedro... it's a little village on t h e n o r t h coast. smoke. ( I ) 5. N a n c y won't c o m e , (her h u s b a n d ) 6. Paul d o e s n ' t be
B: You're j o k i n g ! lieve you. (James) 7. Bill h a s n ' t b e e n waiting long. (Bob) 8. A n d r e w
A: N o , I ' m not. I've b e e n there t h r e e t i m e s . wasn't d r u n k . (Peter) 9. T h e y d o n ' t k n o w t h e way. (I) 10. A n n w o n ' t
B: So have we... a n d we're going there t h i s year, t o o . write letters. (Lucy) 11. C h a r l e s wasn't m a k i n g a noise. (Jack) 12. He
w o n ' t be ready by six. (she) 13. T h e S m i t h s a r e n ' t rich, (the Browns) Steve: Probably because it's new. They only opened last week.
14. He c a n ' t explain it. (anyone else) 15. Peter h a s n ' t started work yet. Jill: T h e y a r e n ' t very busy, are they?
( H a r o l d ) 16. A n n c o u l d n ' t lift it. (Alice) 17. I wasn't late this morn Steve: N o , not yet, but it's still early. O n l y 6.30 p . m . A n d it
ing. (I) 18. I d i d n ' t go to t h e c i n e m a last night. (I) 19. I haven't got a is M o n d a y night. It will probably be m u c h busier at
Rolls-Royce. (I) weekends.
2. Express solidarity in response to your friend's statements (both posi 4. Hans: T h e bus leaves at 8.30, d o e s n ' t it?
tive and negative). Ali: Yes, we'll have to get up early.
Hans: A n d we have lunch in Winchester, d o n ' t we?
Ali: T h a t ' s right. After t h e visit to t h e C a t h e d r a l . T h e n on
Q U E S T I O N TAGS
to Salisbury a n d S t o n e h e n g e .
Illustrative Situations Hans: I w o n d e r w h e n t h e b u s will get back. We got back
from t h e last t o u r at about 6.30, d i d n ' t we?
T Study and practise the conversations. Observe the question tags Ali: Yes, in t i m e for t h e t h e a t r e . But you d o n ' t w a n t to go
used in the conversations. out after t h e tour, do you?
1. Steve: You d i d n ' t have a very good holiday, did you? Hans: Well, I'd like to go to a c o n c e r t , b u t I'll probably be
Diana: N o , but how do you know? O h , I expect G e o r g e told t o o tired.
you, d i d n ' t he?

Steve: Yes, I met h i m in town last week. You went to Spain, Practice
d i d n ' t you?
Diana: Yes, I like Spain, b u t /. Make question tags.
Steve: ... b u t it r a i n e d all t h e t i m e , d i d n ' t it? A n d you d i d n ' t a) I'm not late.
like t h e hotel, did you? I'm not late, am I?
Diana: T h a t ' s right. You went to Spain last year, d i d n ' t you?
Steve: Yes, b u t we h a d a lovely t i m e . In fact, we'll probably 1. You w o n ' t tell Peter. 2. You n e e d n ' t start at o n c e . 3. H i s p a r e n t s
go there again next year. weren't angry. 4. A n n never reads reviews. 5. We s h a n ' t have to wait
long. 6. You d o n ' t expect me to wait all night. 7. T h i s b u s service isn't
2. ////: W h a t shall I m a k e w h e n you c o m e to tea on Sunday, very reliable. 8. You haven't read t h i s book. 9. You c a n ' t play poker.
M a r k ? You like chocolate cake, d o n ' t you? 10. She d i d n ' t translate t h e article yesterday. 11. A n n d o e s n ' t like de
Mark: O h , yes, please. It's my favourite. tectives. 12. You d o n ' t have to work h a r d . 13. Jack wasn't at t h e party.
Jill: A n d K a t e likes strawberry jelly, d o e s n ' t she? 14. He c o u l d n ' t get t h e tickets. 15. Lucy d i d n ' t c o m e . 16. You w o n ' t
Mark: Yes, a n d so do I. invite P a u l . 17. You haven't talked to t h e boss.
////: A n d you also like chocolate ice c r e a m , d o n ' t you?
Mark: Yes, I love it. U n c l e Steve likes ice c r e a m , t o o , d o e s n ' t b) The coffee was terrible.
he? The coffee was terrible, wasn't it?
Jill: Yes, t h a t ' s right. By t h e way, I t h i n k you've eaten
1. T o m a n d A n n have a n n o u n c e d their e n g a g e m e n t . 2. T h e y are
e n o u g h of those sweets, M a r k . T h e bag's almost emp
getting m a r r i e d next m o n t h . 3. Bill will be d i s a p p o i n t e d . 4. He was
ty. You d o n ' t want to be ill, do you?
h o p i n g to m a r r y her himself. 5. You e a r n twice as m u c h as your broth
3. Steve: T h e c u r r y is excellent, isn't it? er. 6. A n d he works m u c h h a r d e r t h a n you. 7. He ought to ask for m o r e
Jill: Yes, you're glad we c a m e now, a r e n ' t you? money. 8. T h e y m a d e an e n o r m o u s profit last year. 9. Dick c a n swim
Steve: Yes, of c o u r s e . It's better t h a n t h e curries I m a k e at well. 10. He c a n also dive very well. 11. He is good at waterskiing, t o o .
home. 12. Last year he won t h e waterskiing c o m p e t i t i o n .
////: A n d it isn't very expensive here, is it? Note: I am younger t h a n you, aren't I?
c) You didn't have to wait long. Pascale: ... M o n i k a . She loved it. It was crowded a n d noisy a n d
You didn't have to wait long, did you? full of a t m o s p h e r e . T h e t h i n g s they sell t h e r e are very
interesting.
d) A bus came almost at once. Ann: A n d ... t h e people w h o sell t h e m , I expect. Let's go t h e r e
A bus came almost at once, didn't it? next Saturday.
1. You w o n ' t be late. 2. You'll be on t i m e . 3. T h e y w e r e n ' t very
g o o d jokes. 4. N o b o d y l a u g h e d . 5. It's no use crying over spilt m i l k .
6. You will be careful. 7. We haven't m e t before. 8. I ' m on t i m e .
1. В и к т о р х о р о ш о г о в о р и т п о - а н г л и й с к и . — Е г о ж е н а т о ж е .
9. You d i d n ' t expect h i m to get t h e j o b . 10. He was quite a s t o n i s h e d
2. Я е щ е не в и д е л э т о т ф и л ь м . — Я т о ж е . 3. Мы с о б и р а е м с я на
himself. 11. But it'll m e a n living in L o n d o n . 12. He w o n ' t like t h a t .
э к с к у р с и ю в выходные д н и . — Мы тоже. 4. А н я не п р и ш л а на
13. You c a n m a n a g e on y o u r o w n . 14. You d o n ' t w a n t me to help you.
к о н ц е р т вчера. — Ее б р а т т о ж е . 5. Я не у м е ю и г р а т ь в г о л ь ф . —
15. Anyway, I ' m n o t m u c h use. 16. You a r e n ' t listening to t h e r a d i o .
Я т о ж е . 6. В ч е р а м н е п р и ш л о с ь м н о г о р а б о т а т ь . — М н е т о ж е .
17. P a u l c a u g h t t h e 8.40. 18. A n n h a s n ' t c o m e yet. 19. You d o n ' t t h i n k
7. Д ж о н л ю б и т ф и г у р н о е к а т а н и е . — Е г о ж е н а т о ж е . 8. Я не
it was my fault. 20. You like Peter. 21. T h e y d i d n ' t t a k e y o u r pass
з н а ю его а д р е с а . — Я т о ж е . 9. Р о б е р т п р и д е т . — В и к т о р т о ж е .
p o r t . 22. T h e bottle was full t h i s m o r n i n g . 23. You a r e n ' t going to do
10. Я уже з а к а з а л билет. — Я т о ж е . 11. Вчера я в и д е л А н н у . —
a n y t h i n g stupid. 24. You c a n sail a b o a t . 25. We d o n ' t have to start
Я т о ж е . 12. М н е не п о н р а в и л с я к о н ц е р т . — М н е т о ж е . 13. Р а д в а с
at o n c e . 26. You d i d n ' t find y o u r w a t c h . 27. You k n o w P e t e r Brown.
в и д е т ь . — Я т о ж е . 14. Я не буду п р и с у т с т в о в а т ь на с о б р а н и и . —
28. B o b will drive t h e car. 29. She d o e s n ' t speak F r e n c h . 30. Lucy is
Я тоже.
at h o m e now.
3. Put in the correct question tags.
2. Ask your friend for some information using question tags. Ask him/
her about: a) sports; b) food; c) entertainments.
An Interrogation
Police C o n s t a b l e = PC; S m i t h e r s = S
Self Check
PC: You are J o h n Alfred S m i t h e r s , ... ?
/. Complete with so or neither. S: Yes, I a m .
Pascale: Are you enjoying t h e course? PC: You're 36, ... ?
Ann: Yes, very m u c h . S: Yes, t h a t ' s right. It was my b i r t h d a y yesterday.
Pascale: ... I. I t h i n k o u r English is really improving. PC: You sell cars, ...?
Ann: My p r o n u n c i a t i o n h a s improved a lot. S: Yes, I do. A n d o t h e r t h i n g s .
Pascale: By t h e way, how did you do in t h e last test? PC: You live in E a l i n g , ... ?
Ann: Q u i t e well. I t h o u g h t most of it was fairly easy. S: Yes, I d o . I've lived here all my life.
Pascale: ... I. I d i d n ' t do very well in t h e first test t h o u g h . PC: You went to Ascot races yesterday, ... ?
Ann: N o , ... I. T h a t ' s why I was surprised at my last test re S: T h a t ' s right.
sult. PC: You weren't alone, ... ?
Pascale: ... t h e rest of us. Everybody passed. But I still d o n ' t like S: N o , I wasn't. I was with Isadora Bell.
tests. A n d ... M o n i k a . She gets so nervous! PC: But you're m a r r i e d , ... , Smithers?
Ann: I ' m looking forward to a rest over t h e weekend. S: Yes, but I haven't seen my wife for t h r e e years.
Pascale: Yes,... I. T h e r e are so m a n y interesting t h i n g s to do here. PC: I see. N o w you left your flat at o n e o'clock, ... ?
I haven't seen any of t h e m a r k e t s yet, for i n s t a n c e . S: Yes, about o n e o'clock.
Ann: N o , ... I. I'd like to go to Portobello R o a d . Luisa's b e e n PC: You were in your Jaguar, ... ?
there. S: Yes, I was.
PC: You d i d n ' t stop for petrol, ... ? — Нет.

S: No. — Но он ведь в е р н е т с я к субботе?
PC: You h a d l u n c h in an I n d i a n restaurant, ... ? — Думаю, что вернется.
S: Oh, no we d i d n ' t . We h a d l u n c h in a pub.
3. — Ты не у м е е ш ь и г р а т ь в ш а х м а т ы , не т а к л и ?
PC: You d o n ' t r e m e m b e r t h e n a m e of t h e pub, ... ?
— Д а , не у м е ю .
S: No, I ' m afraid I d o n ' t .
— Но ты ведь и г р а е ш ь в ш а ш к и ?
PC: You h a d chicken a n d chips, ... ?
-Да.
S: N o , n o , n o . We had beer a n d sandwiches outside.
— Тогда д а в а й п о и г р а е м в ш а ш к и .
PC: You arrived in t i m e for t h e first race, and stayed u n t i l
t h e last race, ...?
S: Yes!
PC: You were very lucky, ... ?
S: Yes, I was.
PC: You won £ 5,000, ... ?
S: N o , I can't r e m e m b e r exactly how much.
PC: T h e r e was £ 5,000 in your flat, ... ?
S: Was there?
PC: You don't know where Miss Bell is now, ... ?
S: N o , I'm not her husband, ... ?
PC: But you left her in Central L o n d o n , because she wanted
to buy some clothes.
S: Yes, yes.
PC: It's very interesting, Mr Smithers?
S: W h a t do you m e a n ?
PC: T h e last race at Ascot began late and it didn't finish
until twenty-five past five, so you drove from Ascot to
Central L o n d o n a n d back to Ealing in 35 m i n u t e s , in the
rush hour. T h a t ' s impossible, Mr Smithers!
1. — Ты ж и в е ш ь на у л и ц е Ц е н т р а л ь н о й , не т а к л и ?
— Д а , я ж и в у т а м уже п я т ь лет.
— Ты ведь з н а е ш ь Олега Л о б о в а ?
— Д а , он м о й сосед.
— Ты м о ж е ш ь п е р е д а т ь ему з а п и с к у ?
— Конечно.
2. — Н и к уехал в С а н к т - П е т е р б у р г на п р о ш л о й неделе, не
правда ли?
-Да.
— Он еще не в е р н у л с я , не т а к л и ?
UNIT 16 181
where she lives?

what they are doing now?
when he was in London last?
what he was doing at 5 yesterday?
U n i t 16 Can you tell me
how long she has been here?
since when she has been waiting for me?
G R A M M A R : Object clauses. Reported speech (1). how he will get there?
where they will be travelling?
Sequence of tenses
Other introductory phrases often used in the principal clause:

Object clauses
D o you know D o you u n d e r s t a n d D o you remember Have
he speaks English. Present Simple you any idea etc.
they are playing chess now. Present Continuous whose book it is.
he came on time. Past Simple who is playing the piano.
when she saw Peter last.
she was skating at 6. Past Continuous Tell me what Dick was doing at 7.
Ask her if Jane has brought the books.
I think they have seen this film. Present Perfect
(that) how long she has been translating.
she has been waiting long. Present Perfect Continuous if they will come.
what they will be doing at 9.
he will phone me tonight. Future Simple
they will be leaving soon. Future Continuous Practice
he'll have done the work
Future Perfect I. Ask about another person. Begin your questions with: "Iwonder
by 7.
"I'd like to know "I want to know
•
— Kate is a student.
I believe I suppose I know I hope I am sure I am — I wonder whether Mary is a student, too.
afraid I see I remember I understand He says etc. 1. Peter doesn't play chess. 2. Alec has seen this film. 3. Lucy
speaks French. 4. Dick went fishing on Sunday. 5. Jane won't take
he knows French.
part in the expedition. 6. Steve is not keen on p o p music. 7. Roger has
she is still dreaming.
he was at the cinema yesterday. a car. 8. F r a n k speaks Italian. 9. Paul will j o i n us. 10. I have a boat.
I wonder if you were watching TV last night. 11. Susan is fond of theatre. 12. Mike says Betty has c o m e . 13. Victor
(whether) they have seen him. will go abroad next m o n t h .
he has been working hard.
he will be at home at 10. 2. Ask for additional information.
she will be leaving tonight. a) — Robert has left for Moscow, (why)
— I wonder why Robert has left for Moscow.
1. Lucy dines at two. (where) 2. J a n e has brought some dictionar-
I'd like to know I d o n ' t know I want to know I ' m not ies, (what dictionaries) 3. He doesn't want to come, (why) 4. We've
sure I don't understand I've no idea I don't remember got a lot of time, (how much) 5. He receives m a n y newspapers, (what
I can't tell you She asks He wonders etc. newspapers) 6. Betty saw Alec not long ago. (when)
b) — Steve is a journalist, (his wife) 1. H a s she got any brothers? 2. C a n she drive? 3. D o e s she speak
— Do you know if his wife is also a journalist? Spanish? 4. D o e s she like w a t c h i n g television? 5. Did she go out last
1. Victor works at a plant. ( M i k e ) 2. Mr Brown is at h o m e , (his night? 6. H a s she ever m e t the Q u e e n ? 7. Will she be at school tomor
son) 3. T h e r e is a c i n e m a in t h e street, (a theatre) 4. T h e y rest at the row? 8. W h e r e did he buy his watch? 9. W h o did he speak to last night?
seaside, (the Blacks) 5. Mr S m i t h stayed at a hotel. ( M r M o r g a n ) 10. W h a t h a s she d o n e today? 11. H o w m a n y c h i l d r e n have they got?
12. W h y m u s t he go to t h e police station? 13. H o w old is he? 14. H o w
c) — She has lunch at 12. (where) m u c h did she pay for her car?
— Do you know where she has lunch?
1. She d o e s n ' t like h i m . (why) 2. T h e y ' l l leave soon, (when) 6. Ask for additional information. Begin your questions with: "Do you
3. S o m e b o d y h a s b o o k e d the tickets, (who) 4. She was late, (why) know ...?", "Can you tell me ...?", "Do you remember ...?"
5. T h e y will be resting in J u n e , (where)
— Victor studies at school.
3. Make sentences with object clauses. — Do you know at what school he studies?
Helen knows English well. ( I ' m sure ...) 1. Jack d i d n ' t c o m e to t h e party. 2. My b r o t h e r was at t h e c i n e m a
I'm sure Helen knows English well. yesterday. 3. My friend is going abroad s o o n . 4. My h u s b a n d left for
Kiev yesterday. 5. M i k e h a s b r o u g h t s o m e cassettes. 6. Helen missed
1. She has missed t h e t r a i n . ( I ' m afraid ...) 2. T h e y t o o k a b u s in t h e lecture on Saturday. 7. I saw Peter not long ago. 8. Roger speaks
K i n g Street. ( T h e y say ...) 3. She goes to work by M e t r o . (I k n o w ...) t h r e e foreign languages. 9. D o n a l d says he's travelled a lot.
4. W h e r e has T o m gone? ( D o you know ...?) 5. W h a t ' s t h e time? (I
w o n d e r ...) 6. She h a s lost her way. ( I ' m afraid ...) 7. W h e r e did you
7. Say that you don't know the answer to the questions you are asked.
p a r k your car? ( C a n ' t you r e m e m b e r ...?) 8. She will go s h o p p i n g to
Begin your answers with: "I've no idea "I can't tell you ..." "/ don't
morrow. (I suppose ...) 9. T h e y w o n ' t be late. (I h o p e ...) 10. W h y was
know "I don't remember ..." "I'm not sure ..."
M a r y absent o n M o n d a y ? ( D o you k n o w ...?) 11. W h y d i d n ' t A n n
c o m e to t h e party? (I d o n ' t k n o w ...) 12. W h e r e does Jack live? (Have — Where does Dick live?
you any idea ...?) 13. She has b e e n waiting for an hour. (She says ...) — I've no idea where he lives.
14. W h e n did they arrive? ( D o you k n o w ...?) 15. W h e r e does she work?
(I've no idea ...) 16. W h a t qualifications do I need? (I w a n t to k n o w ...) 1. W h y d i d n ' t he c o m e ? 2. W h i c h English word h a s most mean
17. W h e r e c a n I c h a n g e s o m e m o n e y ? (Could you tell me ...?) 18. W h a t ings? 3. Is t h a t a c a c t u s or what? 4. W h e r e did you rest in 2004?
d o e s t h i s word m e a n ? ( D o you k n o w ...?) 19. W h y d i d n ' t he p h o n e us? 5. Will Steve c o m e to t h e p a r t y ? 6. W h o w r o t e t h e story " T h r e e at
(I w o n d e r ...) 20. I was w a t c h i n g TV at 10. (I r e m e m b e r ...) T a b l e " ? 7. W h e r e is M a r y ? 8. W h a t g a m e s does your friend prefer?
9. W h o is she? 10. W h o did Helen t a l k to? 11. H o w old are t h e i r chil
4. Ask for additional information. dren? 12. W h a t k i n d of c a r does Peter have? 13. W h y is R o n angry?
14. W h o s e c a r is that?
— M a r y says Alec will come soon, (when)
— Ask her when he will come.
8. Respond to the following questions.
1. D i c k says he h a s b o u g h t s o m e interesting books, (what books)
— What's that girl's name?
2. She says she w o n ' t j o i n us. (why) 3. He says she is having d i n n e r
— I don't know. Ask her.
now. (where) 4. He says he was late, (why) 5. She says they were at t h e
theatre, (when) — All right. I'll ask her what her name is.
1. W h e r e does she c o m e from? — I d o n ' t know. Ask her. 2. W h a t

5. Respond to the following questions.
are t h o s e boys doing? — I d o n ' t know. Ask t h e m . 3. W h y are they still
— Is she bored? in t h e classroom? — I d o n ' t know. Ask t h e m . 4. How do you spell re
— I don't know. You ask her if she's bored. ceive? — I d o n ' t know. Ask t h e teacher. 5. W h e r e did J o h n get t h a t c a r
UNIT 16 185
you see Brian yesterday? 7. Mrs Smith to her children: Are you h a p p y ?
from? — I d o n ' t know. Ask h i m . 6. H o w m u c h did it cost? — I d o n ' t 8. Your teacher to you: Do you work h a r d at English? 9. Mike to his
know. Ask h i m . 7. W h e n will t h e p a r t y end? — I d o n ' t know. Ask sister: C a n you help me?
Charles.
c) Mary to you: Since when have you known Mr Fox?
9. Complete the sentences. M a r y asks since when I have known Mr Fox.
1. I ' m afraid ... 2. A r e you sure ...? 3. He t h i n k s ... 4. T h e y d o n ' t d) Ben to Lucy: Are you busy?
k n o w ... 5. C a n you tell me ... ? 6. I h o p e ... 7. B o b says ... 8. I ' m n o t Ben asks Lucy if (whether) she is busy.
sure ... 9. Do you k n o w ... ? 10. Do you u n d e r s t a n d ...? 11. I d o n ' t re
1. Robert to you: W h e r e will you spend your holidays? 2. Mr Baxter
m e m b e r ... 12. Tell h i m ... 13. Ask h e r ... 14. He asks ... 15. I w o n d e r ...
to Mr Robinson: Were you at t h e t h e a t r e yesterday? 3. Donald to his
16. Do you r e m e m b e r ...? 17. I'd like to k n o w ... 18. I d o n ' t t h i n k ...
brother: W h e n did you send the telegram? 4. Your father to you: Were
19. I suppose ... 20. Will you ask h i m ...? 21. I believe ... 22. No
you at h o m e yesterday afternoon? 5. Mr Parker to his neighbour: Have
o n e knows ... 23. A n n w a n t s to k n o w ... 24. L e t ' s ask t h e t e a c h e r ...
you b o u g h t a car? 6. Nina to Lucy: W h y d i d n ' t you p h o n e me yes
25. C o u l d you please tell me ...?
terday? 7. Mrs Robinson to her son: Have you d o n e your h o m e w o r k ?
10. You are making a phone call. You want to speak to Sue but she isn't 8. Mr Lee to his secretary: H o w m a n y letters have you typed? 9. Ann
to Helen: A r e you fond of t e n n i s ? 10. Alec to Victor: H o w long haven't
there. Someone else answers the phone. You want to know three things.
you h e a r d from your brother? 11. George to Steve: W h a t were you d o i n g
1. W h e r e h a s she gone? 2. W h e n will she be back? 3. D i d she go yesterday afternoon? 12. Mary to her brother: Will you be seeing Peter
out alone? today? 13. Mr Baxter to Mr Short: Have you signed t h e papers yet?
Complete the conversation. 2. Learn the dialogues below and make similar dialogues.
1. " D o you k n o w ... ?" " S o r r y . I've got no i d e a . " 2. " N e v e r m i n d . 1. — T h e t r a i n is late.
I d o n ' t s u p p o s e you k n o w ... ." " N o , I ' m afraid I d o n ' t . " 3. " O n e — W h a t do you say?
m o r e t h i n g . D o you h a p p e n t o k n o w ... ? " " I ' m afraid I d i d n ' t see — I say t h e t r a i n is late.
h e r go o u t . "
2. — A r e you fond of travelling?
— W h a t do you ask?
REPORTED SPEECH (PRESENT)
— I ask w h e t h e r you are fond of travelling.
/. Report the following utterances. 3. — W h e r e do you live?
a) Peter: I'm fond of playing tennis. — W h a t do you ask?
Peter says he is fond of playing tennis. — I ask where you live.
1. Mr Smith: My son h a s travelled a lot. 2. Jack: T h e y are staying at

t h e M i n s k hotel. 3. Mrs Baxter: I'll b o o k a r e t u r n ticket. 4. Helen: I ' m Fluency
going to take my English exam tomorrow. 5. Roger: M i k e h a s n ' t visited 1. Report Pam's message:
us since September. 6. Mary: We d i d n ' t go to t h e c o u n t r y on Sunday.
P a m w a n t s to speak to Jill on t h e p h o n e , but Jill is w a s h i n g her
b) Dick: Is Lucy married? hair. Steve shouts i n t o t h e b a t h r o o m .
Dick asks if (whether) Lucy is married. Pam: I shall be on my own at t h e weekend.
Steve: It's P a m ! She says...
1. Sam to Peter: Do you often visit your parents? 2. George to his
Pam: Jeff's going to M a n c h e s t e r a n d Kate's gone to stay with
brother: A r e you going to take a taxi? 3. Jane to Mary: D i d you go
a friend.
away on business last m o n t h ? 4. Bob to Susan: Will you c o m e to t h e
Steve: She says...
meeting? 5. Kate to Betsy: Do you like coffee? 6. Donald to Roger: D i d
Рат: A n d M a r k went c a m p i n g yesterday. Mary: T h e Y.H.A., mother. T h e Youth H o s t e l s

Steve: She says... Association.
Рат: So, if it's all right, I'd like to c o m e a n d stay with Grandmother: W h a t else d o e s he say?
you for the weekend. Mary: I'll write a letter s o o n . I h o p e you are all well.
Steve: She says... W h a t ? Speak u p , Mary. I'm afraid I c a n ' t h e a r
Jill: O h , yes, fine. Tell her I'd love h e r to c o m e . Grandmother: you.
Steve: Jill says... He says he'll write a letter soon. He h o p e s we are
Mary: all well. " L o v e , J i m m y " .
2. Study and practise the following conversations. Grandmother: Is t h a t all? He d o e s n ' t say very m u c h , does he?
1. T h i s is the R a d i o I Newsdesk. In D o r s e t , a helicopter is t r y i n g Mary: He c a n ' t write very m u c h on a c a r d , m o t h e r .
to rescue a m a n w h o h a s fallen d o w n a cliff. H e ' s lying on a small 4. Harry: How was t h e e x a m i n a t i o n , Dick?
b e a c h . An air-sea rescue helicopter h a s arrived at t h e scene, a n d o n e Dick: N o t t o o bad. I t h i n k I passed in English a n d
of t h e crew h a s c l i m b e d d o w n a ladder to t h e b e a c h . H e ' s s p e a k i n g to M a t h e m a t i c s . T h e questions were very easy. H o w
a d o c t o r by radio. about you, H a r r y ?
Crewman: Hello. C a n you h e a r m e , d o c t o r ? Harry: T h e English a n d M a t h s papers weren't easy
Doctor: Yes, I c a n h e a r you clearly. Is he u n c o n s c i o u s ? e n o u g h for m e . I h o p e I haven't failed.
Crewman: N o , he's conscious. But h e looks p r e t t y bad. Dick: I t h i n k I failed t h e Intelligence Test. I could
Doctor: O K . Ask h i m if he c a n move. answer sixteen of t h e questions. T h e y were very
Crewman: C a n you move? easy. But I c o u l d n ' t answer the rest. T h e y were
Man: No... t o o difficult for m e .
Doctor: Ask h i m if he is in p a i n . Harry: Intelligence tests are awful, a r e n ' t they?
Crewman: A r e you in p a i n ? Dick: I hate t h e m . I ' m sure I've got a low IQ.
Man: Oh... yes Harry: O h , c h e e r u p ! P e r h a p s w e d i d n ' t d o t o o badly.
Doctor: Ask h i m where it h u r t s . T h e fellow next t o m e wrote his n a m e a t t h e t o p
Crewman: W h e r e d o e s it h u r t ? of t h e paper.
Man: It's my back. Dick: Yes?
Doctor: R i g h t . D o n ' t move h i m . I ' m c o m i n g d o w n . Harry: T h e n he sat t h e r e a n d looked at it for t h r e e h o u r s !
2. F r a n k Aitken is t h e e d i t o r of t h e Daily News. H e ' s s e n d i n g a He d i d n ' t write a word!
t r a i n e e j o u r n a l i s t t o interview t h e A m e r i c a n singer, B o b S o n a t a .
Study and practise the conversations and their reported versions.
" N o w , I've a r r a n g e d t h e interview for four o'clock ... at his hotel.
Ask h i m lots of questions. You k n o w ... ask h i m if he likes E n g l a n d . How to Go the News-Stand
Ask h i m what his next r e c o r d will be, w h e n he r e c o r d e d it ... a n d ask
h i m where. Ask h i m all t h e usual questions ... but d o n ' t ... d o n ' t ask John: W h a t ' s on television t o n i g h t ?
Susan: I d o n ' t know. W h y d o n ' t you go a n d buy a news
h i m how old he is. OK?»
p a p e r at t h e news-stand?
3. Grandmother. R e a d J i m m y ' s card t o m e please, M a r y . John: W h e r e is it?
Mary: I have just arrived in Scotland a n d I ' m staying at Susan: Do you k n o w where t h e bakery is?
a Youth Hostel. John: Yes.
Grandmother. Eh? Susan: Well, you go past t h e bakery u n t i l you c o m e to
Mary: He says he's just arrived in S c o t l a n d . He says the lights, t h e n t u r n right.
he's staying at a Youth Hostel. You k n o w he's a John: And then?
m e m b e r of the Y.H.A. Susan: It's along on t h e left, next to t h e s u p e r m a r k e t .
Grandmother: T h e what? John: O K . I'll find it. See you later.
A reported version of the conversation: 2. — J a n e is leaving for the C a u c a s u s t o n i g h t .

— But she said she w a n t e d to go to t h e C r i m e a .
J o h n asks Susan w h a t ' s on television. She says she d o e s n ' t know.
— She h a s c h a n g e d her m i n d .
She tells J o h n to go o u t a n d buy a newspaper at t h e news-stand. J o h n
asks where it is. Susan asks h i m if he knows where t h e bakery is a n d 3. — W h y d i d n ' t you call on me yesterday evening?
J o h n says h e does. She tells h i m t o g o past t h e bakery, a n d t o t u r n — I d i d n ' t k n o w you were at h o m e .
right at t h e traffic lights. She tells h i m t h e news-stand is on t h e left,
4. Yesterday on my way h o m e I m e t M a r y . She was in a hurry.
next t o t h e s u p e r m a r k e t .
I t h o u g h t she was h u r r y i n g to t h e Institute but she said she was going
to t h e station to m e e t a friend of hers w h o was c o m i n g by t h e 9 o'clock
At a Language School
train.
Diane: G o o d morning!
5. Last S u n d a y t h e weather was Fine. I k n e w t h a t my uncle would
Receptionist: G o o d morning!
go to t h e c o u n t r y . I rang h i m up a n d said t h a t I would also c o m e with
Diane: I'd like to have s o m e F r e n c h lessons.
h i m . He said he would start in an h o u r a n d asked me n o t to be late.
Receptionist: A r e you a b e g i n n e r ?
I p r o m i s e d t h a t I would be at his place in half an hour. We enjoyed t h e
Diane: Yes, I a m .
t i m e we spent in t h e c o u n t r y t h a t day.
Receptionist: W h e n do you w a n t to start?
Diane: T h i s week, if possible. 6. A week ago my d a u g h t e r asked me to t a k e h e r to the circus.
Receptionist: Of course. T o m o r r o w is Tuesday. We have a g r o u p I p r o m i s e d t h a t we would go t h e r e on t h e next day. On t h e following
at 9 o'clock. W h a t ' s your s u r n a m e ? day I t o o k h e r to t h e circus.
Diane: Casey.
7. — I t h o u g h t you were going to call on me last n i g h t . W h y
Receptionist: Would you spell it, please?
d i d n ' t you?
Diane: C-A-S-E-Y.
— I d i d n ' t k n o w M a r y would c o m e to visit me but she did.
Receptionist: T h a t ' s fine. See you t o m o r r o w .
8. Last week on my way h o m e I m e t G e o r g e . He said he would be
A reported version of the conversation: leaving for Warsaw in an hour.
D i a n e goes i n t o a language school. She says good m o r n i n g a n d tells 9. Last m o n t h I saw Alec. He looked very s u n b u r n t . He said he h a d
t h e receptionist she would like to have some F r e n c h lessons. T h e recep spent a m o n t h in t h e south.
tionist asks her if she is a beginner. D i a n e says she is. T h e receptionist
10. — Betty told me some days ago t h a t M i k e h a d got m a r r i e d .
asks h e r w h e n she w a n t s to start. D i a n e tells her she w a n t s to start t h e
— W a s n ' t she joking?
s a m e week, if possible. T h e receptionist says they have a g r o u p at 9
— I d o n ' t t h i n k so.
o'clock on Tuesday. T h a t ' s fine for D i a n e , so t h e receptionist asks h e r
for h e r s u r n a m e a n d asks her to spell it, t o o . D i a n e spells her n a m e . 11. W h e n I e n t e r e d J a n e ' s r o o m yesterday I saw t h a t her eyes were
red. I u n d e r s t o o d t h a t she h a d b e e n crying.
SEQUENCE OF TENSES 12. W h e n I called on my friend t h e o t h e r day he was writing a
Illustrative Situations r e p o r t . He said he h a d b e e n working at it for a m o n t h .
T Study these example situations.

Illustrative Texts
1. Yesterday evening w h e n I r e t u r n e d from work my friend p h o n e d
m e . He said he h a d a spare ticket for a c o n c e r t a n d invited me to j o i n /. Read the following text and analyse the use of tenses. Retell the text.
h i m . But I answered t h a t I was t o o tired a n d d i d n ' t w a n t to go any T h e secretary told me t h a t Mr H a r m s w o r t h would see m e . I felt
where. very nervous w h e n I went i n t o his office. He did not look up from
191
his desk w h e n I entered. After I h a d sat down, he said t h a t business anybody in the world. He also said he had beaten Leo Fink before.
was very bad. He told me t h a t t h e firm could not afford to pay such He said he had knocked Fink out in M i a m i , and that he was going to
large salaries. Twenty people had already left. I knew t h a t my t u r n h a d knock h i m out in Sao Paulo. He also said he would be the champion
come. forever!
" M r H a r m s w o r t h , " I said in a weak voice.
" D o n ' t i n t e r r u p t , " h e said.
T h e n he smiled a n d told me I would receive an extra £ 3000 a
Practice
year! 1. Complete the following utterances using the words and word combi-
nations in brackets. Express:
2. Read another text. Observe the difference in the use of tenses in the
original and reported utterances. Retell the text. 1) a simultaneous action
Laura Bruce is a trainee reporter for the London Evening Echo.
a) I didn't want to phone Mary at that late hour. I knew she (go
Last week several famous people arrived at L o n d o n Airport. Laura was to bed early).
sent to interview t h e m . N o b o d y told her very much!
I knew she went to bed early.
Doctor Sowanso, Secretary General, UNO: 1. 1 decided not to invite Mike to the theatre. I remembered he
" I ' m very busy. I've got a lot of appointments. I can't say very (not, like opera). 2. I gave that s t a m p to Peter. He said he (collect
m u c h . I love England. I've been here m a n y times before. I enjoyed my stamps). 3. We m a d e up our m i n d s to spend the holidays in the m o u n -
visit in January. I'll only be in England for twelve hours. I'm going to tains. We thought it (be a great idea). 4. We sent a ticket to Mr Smith.
meet the P r i m e Minister. I have no other c o m m e n t s . " We knew he (be keen on ballet). 5. We were not sure Paul would find
Mary. We were afraid he (not, know her address). 6. I didn't introduce
Laura's report Jack to Helen. I was sure they (know each other) but it appeared they
Dr Sowanso visited England yesterday. He arrived at L o n d o n didn't.
Airport at 10 a.m. and we asked h i m to c o m m e n t on the international
situation. He just m a d e a brief statement. He said he was very busy, b) I couldn't talk to Helen when I met her on my way to the super-
and that he'd got a lot of appointments. He said he couldn't say very market. She said she (hurry to the cinema).
m u c h , but he said he loved England. He said that he had been here She said she was hurrying to the cinema.
m a n y times, and that he had enjoyed his visit in January. He said he
would be in England for only twelve hours, and that he was going to 1. T h e Petrovs were away. We learned that they (travel in the
meet the P r i m e Minister. He said he had no other c o m m e n t s . Caucasus). 2. She stayed in the whole evening. She said she (expect
guests). 3. I saw Andrew at the bus stop some m i n u t e s ago. He said he
Brutus Gray, world champion boxer: (wait for Jane). 4. W h e n I p h o n e d Victor the other day he was out. H i s
"I like newspaper reporters, but I haven't got t i m e to say m u c h . sister told me he (play t e n n i s in the park). 5. I met Judy in the depart-
Just that I ' m the greatest, I've always been the greatest a n d I always ment store. She said she (look for a winter coat). 6. W h e n I c a m e h o m e
will be the greatest. I can beat anybody in the world! I've beaten L e o yesterday my brother was busy. I saw t h a t he (pack his things).
F i n k before. I knocked h i m out in M i a m i , and I'm going to knock h i m
out in Sao Paulo. I'll be the c h a m p i o n forever! Excuse me..." 2) a prior action
Laura's report a) I didn't think Mike would come with us. I knew he (see that
performance before).
Brutus G r a y stopped at L o n d o n Airport on his way from Frankfurt
to Sao Paulo. I managed to see h i m in the V.I.P. lounge. Brutus was I knew he had seen that performance before.
in a hurry. He said he liked newspaper reporters, but he h a d n ' t got 1. W h e n I c a m e to the station I saw my cousin. I understood that
time to say much. He said he was the greatest, he had always been the he (miss the 8 o'clock train). 2. Everybody praised the Film. M a r y was
greatest, and he always would be the greatest. He said he could beat sorry she (not, see it). 3. It was raining hard. Mrs Parker regretted that
192 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I N11 10 1УЗ
she (not, take an umbrella). 4. My b r o t h e r called on me yesterday. He 2. Use the following sentences in situations.
said he (buy tickets for t h e m a t c h ) . 5. I was surprised t h a t Betsy d i d n ' t
When I came to see my friend Jane some days ago she looked wor
know t h e news. I was sure h e r h u s b a n d (tell her everything). 6. H a r r y
ried. S h e said her son was running a high temperature. They sent
d i d n ' t c o m e to t h e party. We t h o u g h t he (not, receive o u r invitation).
for a doctor. The doctor came and said it was flue.
7. I c o u l d n ' t translate t h e article yesterday. It a p p e a r e d I (leave my
dictionary at t h e Institute). 8. She c o u l d n ' t get i n t o t h e flat. She said 1. I d i d n ' t h o p e I would get a r o o m at t h e hotel. 2. I saw t h a t he
she (lose her key). was busy. 3. I h o p e d that he would help m e . 4. I u n d e r s t o o d t h a t he
h a d missed his t r a i n . 5. I k n e w t h a t she h a d finished her work. 6. I saw
b) Ann was angry with Andrew. She said she (wait for half an
t h a t he was s p e a k i n g to t h e chief. 7. I l e a r n e d t h a t he h a d n ' t c o m e yet.
hour).
8. She said she h a d a terrible h e a d a c h e . 9. He said he had b e e n waiting
She said she had been waiting for half an hour.
for me for an hour. 10. He told me he would be doing his h o m e w o r k in
1. Alice was busy yesterday. She said she ( c o m p u t e all day long). the evening. 11. He said he h a d already b e e n t h e r e . 12. She p r o m i s e d
2. Jack was h a p p y t h a t he h a d got a ticket. He said he (stand in a q u e u e she would send me a telegram. 13. He said he c o u l d n ' t j o i n us.
for two hours). 3. W h e n I called on my friend yesterday he was writing
an article. He said he (work at it for two m o n t h s ) . 4. I was sorry t h a t
Fluency
Peter had failed his exam. I knew t h a t he ( p r e p a r e for it for a long
t i m e ) . 5. T h e m e e t i n g was over at last. I looked at my w a t c h a n d saw T Study and practise.
t h a t we (discuss t h e p r o d u c t i o n p l a n for two hours). 6. M o t h e r looked
1. Last F r i d a y Mr H a n s o n told his wife, J a n e , t h a t he would not be
very tired w h e n I r e t u r n e d h o m e t h i s afternoon. She said she (clean
t h e flat). c o m i n g early t h a t evening. He said t h a t he h a d several business m a t t e r s
to a t t e n d to at his office a n d they would take h i m two or t h r e e h o u r s
3) a posterior action t o finish. H e h o p e d t h a t she would not b e t o o a n g r y with h i m . H e h a d
h a d a lot of extra work to do d u r i n g t h e previous t h r e e weeks a n d he
a) I was out when my friend dropped in. I didn't think he (come
h a d not b e e n able to c o m p l e t e it. J a n e said that she d i d n ' t m i n d if Mr
so early).
H a n s o n was late. She would go next d o o r a n d t a l k to h e r friends, Eric
I didn't think he would come so early.
a n d Elisabeth Grey.
1. On F r i d a y I saw Lucy. I learned she (go abroad soon). 2. N i c k
2. O n c e a m o t h e r a n d h e r two d a u g h t e r s were visiting L o n d o n .
d i d n ' t want to stay at his relatives'. He said he (put up at a hotel).
While they were doing sightseeing they saw a noticeboard with
3. I felt worried. I was afraid J a n e (be late). 4. J o h n c a m e by t r a i n .
" N a t i o n a l P i c t u r e G a l l e r y " on it. T h e girls said they w a n t e d to go in as
I was sure he (fly). 5. T h e task was t o o difficult for m e . My friend
t h e y h a d never b e e n in any p i c t u r e gallery. T h e y were sure t h e y would
p r o m i s e d he (help me). 6. Paul had already seen t h e play. He was sure
enjoy it. But their m o t h e r d i d n ' t t h i n k so. She said she h a d visited a
we (enjoy it).
p i c t u r e gallery a n d k n e w what it was like. She explained to t h e girls
b) Dick couldn't come with us. He said he (play tennis in the eve t h a t they would not see a n y "real p i c t u r e s " (movies she m e a n t ) , b u t
ning). p a i n t i n g s , mere paintings.
He said he would be playing tennis in the evening. 3. O n c e an E n g l i s h m a n went to t h e seaside for his holidays. He
1. M a r y d i d n ' t want to go out. She said she (watch TV t h e whole asked his housekeeper to post h i m all t h e letters t h a t she would receive
day). 2. Susan said she would be busy on Saturday. I was sure she (shop d u r i n g his absence. She p r o m i s e d h i m t o d o t h a t . T h e E n g l i s h m a n
all day long). 3. We d i d n ' t invite J o h n to t h e picnic. We k n e w he (work rested very well. A m o n t h passed b u t he d i d n ' t receive any letters. He
in t h e library on Sunday). 4. I w a n t e d to visit Helen yesterday but t h e n t h o u g h t t h a t it was strange a n d he r a n g up his housekeeper a n d asked
I c h a n g e d my m i n d . I r e m e m b e r e d t h a t she (visit h e r p a r e n t s in the h e r why she h a d n ' t p o s t e d his letters. T h e housekeeper told h i m t h a t
c o u n t r y ) . 5. My friend a n d I agreed to go to t h e p i c t u r e s yesterday eve he h a d forgotten to leave h e r t h e key to t h e letter box. T h e E n g l i s h m a n
ning. My friend said he (wait for me outside t h e c i n e m a at six). p r o m i s e d t h a t he would send her t h e key. S o m e days later he p u t t h e
7 Английский ячык. Часть 2
194 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь 11
UNIT 16 195
key i n t o an envelope, wrote d o w n his a d d r e s s on it a n d posted t h e let d o n ' t be afraid to ... t h e t r u t h . 6. T h e lecturer ... for an h o u r a n d ...
ter. A n o t h e r m o n t h was passing. But still he d i d n ' t receive any letters. t h e listeners a lot of interesting t h i n g s . 7. He ... n o t h i n g w h e n he h e a r d
T h e n at t h e end of t h e m o n t h he r e t u r n e d h o m e . He spoke angrily with t h e news. 8. I ... her to p h o n e me at 7.00. 9. He ... fluent, idiomatic
his housekeeper. " B u t what could I d o ? " she said. " T h e key w h i c h you English. 10. T h e y ... a great deal of n o n s e n s e . 11. He ... he would r e t u r n
posted was in t h e locked letter box, t o o . " late. 12. It's noisy here. Please ... louder. 13. " C o m e u p s t a i r s , " he ...
4 . W h e n M r Long, t h e M i n i s t e r o f E d u c a t i o n , was asked about t h e quietly. 14. " T a k e t h i s bag for a m i n u t e , " I ... h i m . 15. W h o else ... at
school-leaving age again at a press conference yesterday, he said t h a t t h e m e e t i n g ? 16. T h e y were ... a n d laughing till t h r e e in t h e m o r n i n g .
t h e r e were still a large n u m b e r of p r o b l e m s to be considered. O n e re 17. He h a d never ... to her in t h a t m a n n e r before. 18. "You d o n ' t . . . s o ! "
p o r t e r asked what t h e G o v e r n m e n t was going t o d o about c h i l d r e n w h o cried t h e girl. 19. W h a t are you ... about? 20. You'll have to ... to t h e
w a n t e d to go out a n d e a r n m o n e y at t h e age of 16. Mr L o n g said t h a t d e a n . 21. I ... h i m t h a t it was stupid. 22. Please ... h i m not to wait for
he realised a lot of young p e o p l e w a n t e d to s t a n d on t h e i r o w n two feet me if I d o n ' t c o m e at four. 23. Every t i m e I see my friends we ... about
early in life, a n d he t h o u g h t this was very good. But he a d d e d t h a t he old t i m e s . 24. T h e secretary ... t h a t t h e m a n you'd like to ... is c o m i n g
felt young people n e e d e d as m u c h e d u c a t i o n as we could give t h e m , so h e r e t o m o r r o w . 25. Please ... it in English. D o n ' t ... Russian in class.
t h e G o v e r n m e n t was seriously c o n s i d e r i n g raising t h e school-leaving 26. He was ... so fast t h a t it was impossible to follow what he was ... .
age s o m e t i m e in t h e future. 27. W h a t you've just ... us is a little different from w h a t Prof. N i k i t i n
usually ... . 28. It was r a t h e r difficult for R o b e r t to ... before a large
a u d i e n c e , b u t everybody liked w h a t he ... . 29. I'd like to k n o w w h a t
Self Check they ... about. 30. D o e s your watch ... you w h a t t i m e it is now? 31. He
1. Translate into English. ... he c a n do it. 32. Do as I ... you. 33. I ... h i m my n a m e . 34. Please
... your son not to go out.
1. И н т е р е с н о , где о н и о б ы ч н о п р о в о д я т о т п у с к . 2. Я д у м а ю ,
ч т о о н а е щ е не п р и е х а л а . 3. Я н а д е ю с ь , ч т о он не о п о з д а е т на по 3. Translate into English.
езд, хотя он п о з д н о в ы е х а л на в о к з а л . 4. Я п о м н ю , ч т о е з д и л в ко
1. О т к р о в е н н о говоря, мне никогда не нравился этот парень.
м а н д и р о в к у в с е н т я б р е . 5 . И н т е р е с н о , будет л и о н в ы с т у п а т ь н а
2. Заходи ко мне вечером, мы поговорим об этом. 3. Расскажите
с о б р а н и и . 6. О н а г о в о р и т , ч т о не л ю б и т т е а т р . 7. Я не з н а ю , когда
н а м о с в о е м п у т е ш е с т в и и в А ф р и к у . 4. М н е н е ч е г о с к а з а т ь в а м —
о н и вернутся. 8. Он говорит, что вчера опоздал на л е к ц и ю . 9. О н а
в с е и т а к я с н о . 5. П р о с т и т е , ч т о вы с к а з а л и ? 6. Он всегда г о в о р и т
хочет з н а т ь , в к а к о й г о с т и н и ц е о н и о с т а н о в и л и с ь . 10. О н а гово
о п о л и т и к е . 7. В ч е р а он в ы с т у п а л на с о б р а н и и . Его р е ч ь понра
рит, ч т о п р е п о д а е т а н г л и й с к и й уже 2 0 лет. 11. О н с п р а ш и в а е т ,
в и л а с ь в с е м . 8. О н а говорит, ч т о з н а е т э т о г о ч е л о в е к а . 9. К т о рас
п о ч е м у т ы ему н е з в о н и ш ь . 12. Т ы н е з н а е ш ь , когда п о е з д прибы
с к а з а л в а м э т у и с т о р и ю ? 10. Р а с с к а ж и т е м н е ч т о - н и б у д ь о б э т о м
в а е т в В а р ш а в у ? 13. Ты п о м н и ш ь , где мы о т д ы х а л и в 2003 году?
человеке. 11. Врач говорит, ч т о о н д о л ж е н о с т а в а т ь с я д о м а т р и
14. Б о ю с ь , ч т о о н и н е у с п е л и н а ш е с т и ч а с о в о й п о е з д . 15. С п р о с и
д н я . 12. М ы п о г о в о р и м о б э т о м п о д о р о г е д о м о й . 13. К т о с к а з а л
ее, когда о н а п р и д е т . 16. С к а ж и ему, где о н а ж и в е т . 17. Я не з н а ю ,
в а м , ч т о в ы д о л ж н ы туда ехать? 14. К т о - н и б у д ь и з в а ш и х товари
п о ч е м у Р о б е р т м н е не п и ш е т . 18. Я не у в е р е н , у в и ж у ли я ее зав
щ е й г о в о р и т п о - я п о н с к и ? 15. С к а ж и т е м н е правду. 16. Я т о л ь к о
тра. 19. Вы не з н а е т е , есть ли п о ч т а н е д а л е к о отсюда? 20. Я ду
п о в т о р я ю то, ч т о м н е с к а з а л а М э р и . 17. О н н и к о г д а н е л ж е т .
м а ю , ч т о о н а переведет с т а т ь ю к п я т и ч а с а м . 21. Я не и м е ю ни
18. Ч т о он с к а з а л ? — Он с к а з а л «до с в и д а н и я » . 19. Говорят, ч т о
м а л е й ш е г о п р е д с т а в л е н и я , ч е м о н з д е с ь з а н и м а е т с я . 22. Б о ю с ь ,
л е т о будет ж а р к и м . 20. Не б е с п о к о й т е с ь , я н и к о м у не с к а ж у об
что она заблудилась.
э т о м . 21. О н говорит, ч т о п о м н и т в а с . 22. П р е к р а т и т е разговари
2. Insert: speak, talk, say or tell as required by sense. вать! Я н е с л ы ш у , ч т о г о в о р и т д о к л а д ч и к . 23. О н всегда г о в о р и т
в г о с т я х (at t h e party) о р а б о т е . 24. Е с л и я у в и ж у его з а в т р а , я
1. He ... t h a t he would be back soon. 2. W h e n I shouted he ... t h a t п о г о в о р ю с н и м о б э т о м . 25. С т р о г о г о в о р я , о н н е д о л ж е н э т о г о
he was not deaf. 3. ... me s o m e t h i n g a b o u t it, please. 4. At last he ... : д е л а т ь . 26. Я не п о м н ю , ч т о о н а м н е с к а з а л а . 27. М о я ж е н а велела
"You must p r o m i s e me to have a g o o d rest." 5. ... what you t h i n k , мне купить кофе.
1. W h e n t h e t r a i n (stop) I (look) out of t h e w i n d o w but (not, see)

any of my friends there. I (send) t h e m a telegram a n d 1 ( t h i n k ) t h a t
they (meet) me. My friend M i k e said t h a t , p e r h a p s , t h e y (wait) for us in
t h e waiting r o o m . We (go) there but (not, find) t h e m there either. We
U n i t 17
( t h i n k ) t h a t s o m e t h i n g ( h a p p e n ) . We (wait) for half an h o u r and t h e n
we ( u n d e r s t a n d ) t h a t t h e y (not, c o m e ) . Later o u r friends told us they T O P I C : Cinema
(receive) o u r telegram ten m i n u t e s before t h e t r a i n t i m e a n d (not, c a n ) C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Suggestions. Opinions. Likes.
meet us. 2. W h e n I c a m e to Peter's place yesterday I l e a r n e d t h a t he Dislikes. Preferences
(go) to the a i r p o r t to m e e t a friend of his w h o (come) by t h e 9 o'clock
G R A M M A R : Clauses of purpose. Clauses of result
plane. 3. A week ago I (go) to a restaurant. I (take) a seat at o n e of t h e
tables a n d (look) t h r o u g h t h e m e n u . T h e n a waiter (come) a n d asked
me if I (choose) a n y t h i n g . I said I (choose) a t o m a t o salad, a c h o p Illustrative T e x t
a n d black coffee. I also said I (take) an orange. 4. Alice said t h a t she
(enjoy) her last t r i p about t h e C r i m e a and she (spend) her next holidays An Evening at the Cinema
in o n e of t h e seaside towns in t h e C a u c a s u s . 5. S o m e days ago I (offer)
David Brown is a h a r d worker at school a n d his p a r e n t s h o p e t h a t
Helen a ticket for a new film but she refused. She (say) t h a t she (have
he will do well in his e x a m i n a t i o n in t h e s u m m e r , so t h a t he c a n go
a h e a d a c h e ) a n d (not, want) to go anywhere.
up to University next October. He is d e t e r m i n e d to do his best. But he
c a n n o t work all t h e t i m e , so o n c e or twice a week, w h e n he is tired of
work, he goes out with his friend Bob Sandford. T h e y usually go to t h e
1. Вчера в е ч е р о м м н е п о з в о н и л брат и с п р о с и л , не хочу ли я t h e a t r e or t h e c i n e m a , b u t they s o m e t i m e s go to a d a n c e in Bishopton.
п о й т и в к и н о . Я с о г л а с и л с я и не б ы л р а з о ч а р о в а н . Ф и л ь м м н е T h e y do not often go to a t h e a t r e or c i n e m a in L o n d o n as t h e cost
о ч е н ь п о н р а в и л с я . 2. Я н а д е я л с я , ч т о я успею на п о с л е д н и й по of t h e j o u r n e y a n d t h e higher price of seats in L o n d o n m a k e t h i s t o o
езд, но я о п о з д а л . 3. Вчера по д о р о г е д о м о й я з а ш е л к Н и к у . Он expensive. It is m u c h c h e a p e r in Bishopton.
сказал, что только что получил телеграмму от матери и через In England the cinema i s usually called "the pictures". The
ч а с п о й д е т на в о к з а л в с т р е ч а т ь ее. 4. Когда я у в и д е л Н и н у , я A m e r i c a n n a m e , " t h e movies", is s o m e t i m e s used. T h e first perfor
п о н я л , что она чем-то расстроена. Она сказала, что заболела ее m a n c e , or " s h o w i n g " as it is called, begins about two o'clock in t h e
м а м а . 5 . Н а д н я х я в с т р е т и л Д ж о н а . О н с к а з а л , ч т о к у п и л себе a f t e r n o o n , a n d t h e show goes on from t h e n until about half past ten.
н о в ы й а в т о м о б и л ь . 6. К о г д а я з а ш л а к м о е й подруге, ее м а м а T h e c i n e m a is not e m p t i e d b e t w e e n t h e "showings", so t h a t o n c e you
с к а з а л а , ч т о е е н е т д о м а : о н а сдает э к з а м е н , н о с к о р о в е р н е т с я . have paid for your seat you c a n stay in t h e c i n e m a as long as you like.
7. В и ю н е мы с с е с т р о й у е з ж а е м на К а в к а з . Н а ш брат с к а з а л , ч т о T h e r e are usually o n e m a i n film, a shorter o n e , a news film, s o m e ad
п р и с о е д и н и т с я к н а м , к а к т о л ь к о сдаст э к з а м е н . 8. Вчера я по vertisements a n d a " t r a i l e r " telling about t h e film for t h e next week.
п р о с и л а С т и в а п о ч и н и т ь утюг. О н с к а з а л , ч т о его ж д у т д р у з ь я и C i n e m a s in E n g l a n d are usually larger a n d more comfortable t h a n
о н н е м о ж е т п о м о ч ь м н е . О н п о о б е щ а л , ч т о п о ч и н и т его сегод t h e t h e a t r e s . T h e r e is often a r e s t a u r a n t , so t h a t it is possible to spend
н я . — В п р о ш л о м месяце он обещал п о ч и н и т ь мой велосипед, a pleasant afternoon a n d evening t h e r e . B e h i n d t h e c i n e m a screen
но т а к и не сделал э т о г о . — Н а д е ю с ь , ч т о на с е й р а з он с д е р ж и т there is a stage, so t h a t t h e building c a n be used for c o n c e r t s a n d o t h e r
с в о е о б е щ а н и е . 9. Я б ы л у д и в л е н , когда у з н а л , ч т о Р о б е р т не сдал performances.
э к з а м е н . О н г о в о р и л , ч т о д о л г о к н е м у г о т о в и л с я . 10. П и т с к а з а л , David a n d Bob enjoy historical films, films about c o u n t r i e s very
ч т о будет ж д а т ь м е н я у входа на с т а д и о н и п о п р о с и л м е н я не different from their own, c r i m e stories a n d films t h a t m a k e t h e m laugh.
опаздывать.
T h e y also like to see foreign films, but it is not often possible to see
these in Bishopton. W h e n they were younger, they enjoyed " c o w b o y "
films, but now they are older they are not so easily satisfied. T h e y do
not enjoy these films so m u c h b e c a u s e they find they are all very m u c h 4. Make short dialogues using the words and word combinations below.
alike. T h i s week they saw a film of o n e of Shakespeare's plays. S o m e
A: He told Ann, I hope.
famous actors a n d actresses were in t h i s film. David h a d seen t h e play
B: Yes, I made him tell her.
with t h e s a m e actors a n d actresses at the Royal Shakespeare T h e a t r e
in Stradford-on-Avon t h e previous s u m m e r , so it was interesting to see He ... I hope.
how t h e p e r f o r m a n c e in t h e film was different from t h e p e r f o r m a n c e 1. a p o l o g i z e d ; 2. paid t h e bill; 3. w r o t e to t h e S m i t h s ; 4. c l e a n e d
on t h e stage. t h e b a t h ; 5. t o o k his m e d i c i n e ; 6. r e p o r t e d t h e a c c i d e n t ; 7. w a i t e d
T h e film was very fine a n d exciting, but David t h o u g h t it h a d lost for A n n ; 8. r a n g his p a r e n t s ; 9. a n s w e r e d t h e letter; 10. c l e a n e d h i s
s o m e t h i n g . T h e r e were so m a n y people a n d places t h a t you forgot t h e s h o e s ; 11. i n s u r e d h i s h o u s e ; 12. did h i s exercises; 13. p u t on h i s
m a i n c h a r a c t e r s a n d t h e really i m p o r t a n t t h i n g s t h a t were h a p p e n i n g . gloves
Telling his father about t h e film when he got h o m e , David said he
t h o u g h t he would r e m e m b e r t h e t h e a t r e p e r f o r m a n c e he h a d seen at 5. Make sentences with either make someone do or let someone do
Stradford long after he h a d forgotten t h e film he h a d seen t h a t eve for each situation, like this.
ning.
a) The photographer made funny faces at the little girl.
Finally she laughed.
Comprehension He made her laugh.
/. Listen to the text "An Evening at the Cinema" and answer the b) David wanted to go out. H i s mother said he could.
questions. She let him go out.
D o e s David study at school or at University? W h a t d o e s he like 1. T h e r e was an a c c i d e n t a n d a lot of people s t o p p e d to look. A po
to do in his spare time? W h a t is t h e English c i n e m a like? W h a t k i n d l i c e m a n s h o u t e d " M o v e o n " a n d they did. 2 . J a n e w a n t e d t o g o h o m e
of films do David a n d Bob enjoy? W h a t film did they see t h i s week? early o n e day. H e r boss said it was all right. 3. David w a n t e d to stay
W h a t did David t h i n k of t h e film? up late on Saturday. His m o t h e r said he could. 4. He w a n t e d to do t h e
s a m e on Sunday. " N o , go to b e d , " his m o t h e r said, a n d he did. 5. Jill's
2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer father said some very sarcastic t h i n g s to her. She cried. 6. A s t u d e n t
cises in the next section to remember them. w a n t e d to criticize a t e a c h e r ' s m e t h o d s . T h e t e a c h e r did not stop h i m .
7. G r e y is not a colour t h a t suits J a n e . She looks pale in it. 8. T h e co
m e d i a n was very funny. T h e a u d i e n c e laughed.
3. Study these example situations. 6. Make sentences with the word combination be tired of smth.
a) M r s Mavis saw a film yesterday. In t h e final scene a beautiful I/cycling

girl died in a h a n d s o m e m a n ' s a r m s . M r s Mavis cried. I'm tired of cycling.
T h e film m a d e her cry.
1. They/travelling; 2. S h e / h e r thesis; 3. I / s w i m m i n g ; 4. T h e a c t o r s /
b) Young David did not want to do his h o m e w o r k yesterday. H i s
rehearsals; 5. T h e children/skating; 6. H e / g a r d e n i n g ; 7. She/this h a r d
m o t h e r told h i m he must do it before he went out to play. H i s m o t h e r
work
m a d e h i m d o his homework.
c) Two m o n t h s ago w h e n Peter flew back from C a n a d a , t h e r e was a
7. Fill in the correct particles.
very p r e t t y girl o n t h e s a m e plane. W h e n Peter went t h r o u g h C u s t o m s ,
they m a d e h i m o p e n his case. T h e y m a d e h i m take everything out. 1. Go ... with your work. 2. I w a n t to be alone now. Just go ... .
T h e y did not m a k e t h e girl do these t h i n g s . T h e y let h e r go t h r o u g h 3. We h a d b e t t e r go ... to t h e h o u s e . It's b e g i n n i n g to r a i n . 4. He used
w i t h o u t any trouble. to go ... to t o w n every Sunday. 5. T h e y ' v e gone ... to B r i g h t o n for a
UNIT 17 201
couple of days. 6. She went ... to get a d r i n k . 7. She is very pretty a n d

w a n t s to b e c o m e a doctor. 11. He got t h e c a r out of t h e garage. He
goes ... a lot. 8. W h y d o n ' t we go ... i n t o t h e garden? 9. She goes ...
w a n t e d to wash it. 12. He put t h e letter on t h e table. He w a n t e d his
... t e n n i s . 10. We're going ... on holiday t o m o r r o w m o r n i n g . 11. She
m o t h e r to post it.
d o e s n ' t w a n t to go ... to her h u s b a n d . 12. She is always i n d o o r s . She
d o e s n ' t go ... e n o u g h . 13. T h i s r e s t a u r a n t goes vegetarian dishes. //. Fill in: so, such or such a(n).
14. He went ... in a great hurry. 15. T h i s c a n n o t be allowed to ... .
1. T h e party next d o o r last night was ... loud that I couldn't sleep.
8. Rephrase the following sentences using Participle I. 2. It was ... late when I got h o m e that I d i d n ' t have dinner. 3.1 had ... bad
headache yesterday that I had to leave work a n d go h o m e . 4. They have
When he was doing his homework, he was thinking hard. got ... fashionable furniture in their house that it is often photographed
Doing his homework, he was thinking hard. for magazines. 5. She is ... interesting person that I could spend hours
1. W h e n I was r u n n i n g in the yard, I fell a n d h u r t my k n e e . 2. W h e n talking to her. 6. He had p u t . . . little salt in the soup that it was tasteless.
7. It was ... amusing film that I laughed all the way t h r o u g h . 8. I'm ...
I was looking t h r o u g h some m a g a z i n e s , I c a m e across an interesting
hungry that I could eat anything for lunch. 9. She dresses ... elegantly that
article about e d u c a t i o n in t h e U S A . 3. W h e n she was t a l k i n g to h e r
everyone a d m i r e s her. 10. I bought ... a lot of shopping that I couldn't
n e i g h b o u r in t h e street, she did not notice how a thief stole her money.
carry all the bags. 11. T h e shop sells ... expensive clothes that I never buy
4. W h e n he was sitting n e a r t h e fire, he felt very w a r m . 5. W h e n he was
anything. 12. T h e film was ... boring that I almost fell asleep.
r e t u r n i n g h o m e last night, he h a d a nasty accident. 6. W h e n she was
translating t h e text, she was using a dictionary. 7. W h e n I was walking
12. Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word
t h r o u g h t h e park, I saw s o m e flowers.
in bold.
9. Translate the sentences. 1. I h a d a lot of h o m e w o r k to d o , so I c o u l d n ' t go out.
so I h a d so m u c h work to do t h a t I c o u l d n ' t go out.
1. She is saving m o n e y so t h a t she c a n go on holiday. 2. She works
h a r d so t h a t everything will be ready in t i m e . 3. I wrote t h e d a t e in my 2. T h e b u s was very late. We d e c i d e d to t a k e a taxi,
diary so t h a t I w o u l d n ' t forget it. 4. I leave t h e w i n d o w o p e n so t h a t the so T h e bus was we d e c i d e d to take a taxi.
cat c a n get in a n d out. 5. I'll give you a m a p so t h a t you w o n ' t get lost.
3. He was sleeping soundly. We c o u l d n ' t wake h i m .
6. H e l e n played t h e p i a n o so t h a t everyone else c o u l d d a n c e . 7. Speak
so He was sleeping we c o u l d n ' t wake h i m .
louder so t h a t everybody c a n hear. 8. I moved t h a t vase so t h a t t h e dog
w o u l d n ' t b r e a k it. 9. S o p h i a b o u g h t a sailing boat so t h a t she c o u l d sail 4. It was very exciting news a n d I c o u l d n ' t wait to tell everyone,
a r o u n d t h e world. such It was I c o u l d n ' t wait to tell everyone.
5. She is a very clever girl a n d h e r p a r e n t s are very p r o u d of her.

10. Join the sentences using clauses of purpose introduced by so
that. such She is h e r p a r e n t s are very p r o u d of her.
6. Jane doesn't spend m u c h time studying. She may fail her exams,
I'll leave you my address. You can send me a postcard.
little Jane spends she may fail h e r exams.
I'll leave you my address so that you can send me a postcard.
7. Peter did a lot of work yesterday, so he has n o t h i n g to do today,
1. Debbie h i d h e r diary. She d i d n ' t w a n t a n y o n e to read it. 2. She
much Peter did yesterday t h a t he h a s n o t h i n g to do today.
saved money. She w a n t e d to buy a flat. 3. He speaks F r e n c h . T h e y
c a n u n d e r s t a n d h i m . 4 . W e b o u g h t s o m e m o r e coffee. W e d i d n ' t w a n t 8. H i s luggage was heavy. He d e c i d e d to call a porter,
to r u n o u t . 5. Lisa got up early. She w a n t e d to finish her h o m e w o r k . such He h a d that he d e c i d e d to call a porter.
6. D o r a is going to leave class early. T h e n she c a n go to a dentist.
7. I left early. I w a n t e d to be t h e r e on t i m e . 8. I r e c o r d e d t h e m a t c h . 13. Translate into English.
I i n t e n d e d to w a t c h it later. 9. E m m a h a s b o o k e d a first-class ticket. 1. He заставляй ее так много работать. О н а устала от этой
She w a n t s to travel in c o m f o r t . 10. She is s t u d y i n g m e d i c i n e . She работы. 2. Я заставила секретаря перепечатать письмо, так к а к
в н е м б ы л о м н о г о о ш и б о к . 3. З а ч е м ты з а с т а в и л его и д т и ту Shall we

да т а к поздно? 4. Я сделаю все возможное, чтобы п о м о ч ь ей. Let's
Why don't we
5. Ф и л ь м очень отличается от к н и г и . Он гораздо интереснее.
W h y not spend the weekend in Brighton(?)
6 . О н а г о р д и т с я с в о и м с ы н о м . О н о ч е н ь т р у д о л ю б и в ы й и хоро W o u l d you like to
шо успевает в школе. 7. Д о к т о р не р а з р е ш и л м н е выходить на We could (might)
у л и ц у в т е ч е н и е н е д е л и . 8. Я р а з р е ш и л а ей в з я т ь с в о й м а г н и т о I suggest we
ф о н на несколько дней. 9. Я дал ему учебник, чтобы он в ы у ч и л
(смог в ы у ч и т ь ) у р о к . 10. О н н а р и с о в а л п л а н ( д е р е в н и ) , ч т о б ы c) How to accept a suggestion:
о н а б е з труда н а ш л а д о м . 11. Г о в о р и г р о м ч е , ч т о б ы я т е б я слы
g o o d idea.
шал. 12. О н а т и х о о т к р ы л а д в е р ь , ч т о б ы д е т и н е п р о с н у л и с ь . t h a t ' s a m a r v e l l o u s idea,
Yes,
13. Я с к а з а л и м о б э т о м е щ е р а з , ч т о б ы о н и н е з а б ы л и . 14. О н that w o u l d be nice,
п о с о в е т о в а л м н е о с т а в и т ь д е н ь г и д о м а , ч т о б ы н е п о т е р я т ь их. t h a t seems a l l r i g h t .
15. О н г о в о р и л т а к б ы с т р о , ч т о я е д в а м о г п о н я т ь его. 16. К н и г а
б ы л а т а к а я и н т е р е с н а я , ч т о я ч и т а л е е в е с ь д е н ь . 17. О н т а к о й d) How to half-accept a suggestion:
способный человек, что я уверен, что он изучит н е м е ц к и й я з ы к
we could,
в довольно короткий срок. but (there aren't any g o o d
Yes, that's a g o o d idea, I suppose, f i l m s on at the m o
it's n o t a b a d i d e a , ment).
Text Exercises
14. Ask questions about: e) How to reject a suggestion:
I'm afraid I can't.
a) David's p a s t i m e ; b) c i n e m a s in E n g l a n d ; c) David's a n d Bob's
likes a n d dislikes as far as films are c o n c e r n e d ; d) t h e film David a n d No, I'm sorry I can't.
B o b saw last. I d o n ' t r e a l l y feel l i k e ( g o i n g t o t h e c i n e m a ) .
Well, I'd r a t h e r n o t , i f y o u d o n ' t m i n d .
15. Speak on:
a) c i n e m a s in E n g l a n d ; b) t h e boys' visit to t h e c i n e m a . f) How to make a counter-suggestion:
I'd r a t h e r
Well, go to the cinema (pub) if you don't m i n d .
I'd p r e f e r t o
Suggestions
a) How to ask for a suggestion: Conversation Practice
shall we
What w o u l d you like to do tonight? • Listen, read and practise.
do you want to
Where
Conversation 1
do you fancy g o i n g for the weekend?
Sally: Do you feel like doing anything tomorrow evening, Peter?
b) How to make a suggestion: Peter: Yes, all right. W h a t do you suggest?
W h a t about Sally: H o w about going to see " S t a r W a r s " ? It's on locally a n d
H o w about they say it's very good.
going to the cinema?
D o y o u feel l i k e Peter: Well, we could, I suppose, but I don't really like science fic
D o you fancy
tion films all that much. Of course, if you'd like to see it...
Sally: N o , no... I d o n ' t m i n d . It was just a suggestion, that's all. Bob: Well, what do you suggest t h e n ?
Peter: We could always go to Dave's party, 1 suppose. Alex: H o w about going out for a meal?
Sally: Dave? Bob: N o , I d o n ' t feel like e a t i n g a n y t h i n g .
Peter: Yes, Dave Wilkins. You know — t h a t c h a p w h o works for Alex: All right. A n d what about going to t h e p u b t h e n ?
t h e B B C . H e ' s having a h o u s e - w a r m i n g party. Everyone's Bob: Well, I'd rather go d a n c i n g , if you d o n ' t m i n d .
invited. Alex: T h a t ' s OK by m e . A n d why not go to a r e s t a u r a n t after
Sally: N o , I d o n ' t t h i n k so s o m e h o w ! You know w h a t Dave's wards?
parties are like. I still haven't recovered from t h e last o n e Bob: Yes, t h a t ' s a marvellous idea.
we went t o .
\f\ W h a t are t h e boys t a l k i n g about? W h y d o e s n ' t Alex w a n t to go
Peter: Well, it was only an idea.
to t h e c i n e m a ? D o e s Bob feel like going out for a meal? W h e r e
Sally: N o , I'd prefer to go s o m e w h e r e else, if you d o n ' t m i n d .
do t h e y agree to go?
Just t h e two of u s .
Peter: Would you like to go out for a m e a l , t h e n ? We could go
to t h a t super r e s t a u r a n t in Chelsea. Brian told me t h e A. Reproduce the phrases expressing suggestions and replies to sugges
food was really great. tions used in conversation 2. Rephrase them.
Sally: Yes, t h a t would be nice. L e t ' s do t h a t . A n d why d o n ' t we
call in on Bob a n d Sue on t h e way h o m e ? We've b e e n B. Respond to the following suggestions using the phrases from con
p r o m i s i n g to go a n d see t h e m for ages. versation 2.
Peter: Yes, good idea. 1. W h a t shall we do t o n i g h t ? 2. A n d why not go to a r e s t a u r a n t

afterwards? 3. A n d what about going to t h e p u b t h e n ? 4. H o w about
ПЛ W h a t are Sally a n d Peter discussing? W h a t does Sally suggest?
going o u t for a meal? 5. W h y d o n ' t we go to t h e c i n e m a ?
D o e s Peter feel like seeing " S t a r Wars"? W h a t does Peter sug
gest? D o e s Sally like his suggestion? W h a t do they agree u p o n ? C. Accept the suggestions.
A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following. 1. W h a t about going to Spain? 2. W h y not go to t h e pub? 3. I sug
gest we go a n d see her at Easter. 4. W h y d o n ' t we ask o u r English
Ч т о т ы п р е д л а г а е ш ь ? К а к н а с ч е т того, ч т о б ы с х о д и т ь посмо t e a c h e r ? 5. Let's go for a walk. 6. Shall we visit t h e a r t exhibition on
т р е т ь ф и л ь м « З в е з д н ы е в о й н ы » ? Говорят, ч т о э т о и н т е р е с н ы й Sunday? 7. H o w about going out of town on Saturday? 8. W h y d o n ' t
ф и л ь м . Я не в о з р а ж а ю . Д а в а й т а к и с д е л а е м . Я бы п р е д п о ч л а we play cards? 9. How about a n i c e curry? 10. L e t ' s go a n d stay with
сходить куда-нибудь еще. Это было бы прекрасно. Почему бы my sister in Brighton. 11. Would you like to j o i n us? 12. Do you feel
нам не зайти к Бобу и С ь ю по пути домой? Не хочешь ли ты like going to t h e theatre? 13. W h y d o n ' t we have a p a r t y on Saturday?
п о й т и пообедать? Х о р о ш а я м ы с л ь (идея). М ы м о г л и б ы , я пола 14. H o w about travelling by ship?
г а ю . У н е г о н о в о с е л ь е . Мы м о г л и бы сходить в т о т в е л и к о л е п н ы й
р е с т о р а н в Ч е л с и . М ы д а в н о о б е щ а л и н а в е с т и т ь их. D. Reject the suggestions. Give reasons for your refusal.
1. Do you feel like w a t c h i n g t h e film? 2. L e t ' s visit t h e S m i t h s .

B. Pick out the phrases expressing suggestions and replies to sugges
3. W h a t about having a snack? 4. Would you like to go on a picnic for
tions used in conversation 1. Rephrase them.
t h e weekend? 5. W h a t about going for a walk? 6. W h y d o n ' t we d i n e
out t o n i g h t ? 7. H o w about playing a g a m e of chess? 8. W h y n o t go to
Conversation 2 Bulgaria this s u m m e r ? 9. Shall we go skiing t o m o r r o w ?
Alex: W h a t shall we do t o n i g h t ?
E. Make counter-suggestions.
Bob: W h y d o n ' t we go to t h e c i n e m a ?
Alex: Well, we could, I suppose, b u t t h e r e a r e n ' t really a n y 1. W h y n o t s p e n d t h e w e e k e n d in t h e c o u n t r y ? 2. Shall we play a
good films on at t h e m o m e n t . g a m e of t e n n i s ? 3. W o u l d you like to go fishing t o m o r r o w ? 4. L e t ' s
s e n d h e r a letter. 5. W h y n o t stay at a hotel? 6. L e t ' s have a s t e a k . John: Well, they say "A M a n a n d his H o r s e " is very good. It's
7. Do you feel like t r a v e l l i n g by sea? 8. W h y d o n ' t we go o u t on playing at the R i a l t o T h e a t r e .
Saturday? 9. How about watching " C o r o n a t i o n Street" tonight? Peter: "A M a n a n d his H o r s e ? " T h a t ' s a western, isn't it?
John: I t h i n k so.
F. Suggest to your friend:
Peter: Well, to tell t h e t r u t h , I d o n ' t like westerns very m u c h .
going to t h e c i n e m a ; s p e n d i n g t h e weekend in t h e c o u n t r y ; having John: O h , well, is t h e r e a n y p a r t i c u l a r movie you'd like to
a swim; playing cards; going s h o p p i n g ; starting at 6 a.m.; going by air; see?
o r d e r i n g a steak. Peter: H o w a b o u t " T h e R e t u r n of t h e M o n s t e r ? " It's playing at
t h e S h o p p i n g Mall C i n e m a , a n d I h e a r it's excellent.
Your friend will accept or turn down the suggestion.
John: " R e t u r n of t h e M o n s t e r ? " H m m . . . Isn't t h a t a science
G. Learn the dialogues below and make similar dialogues. fiction movie?
Peter: Yes, d o n ' t you like science fiction movies?
1. — W h y d o n ' t we go for a drive in t h e c o u n t r y ? John: N o , n o t really. M a y b e we s h o u l d n ' t see a movie. M a y b e
— T h a t would be n i c e . T h a n k you. we should do s o m e t h i n g else.
— I'll pick you up a b o u t 7.30. Peter: Okay. Would you be interested in doing s o m e t h i n g out
2. — W h a t about playing a g a m e of tennis? doors?
— It's nice of you to ask, but I d o n ' t feel like playing t e n n i s . John: Sure. A n y suggestions?
— Well, how a b o u t c o m i n g to see Tony? Peter: Well, we could go ice skating.
— N o , honestly I c a n ' t afford t h e t i m e . John: O h , I ' m afraid I d o n ' t really enjoy going ice skating.
H o w a b o u t going hiking?
3. — Let's go ice skating.
Peter: Well, to tell t h e t r u t h , I've g o n e h i k i n g several t i m e s in
— N o , I ' m really not in t h e m o o d for it t h i s evening.
t h e past few weeks.
— T h e n , why d o n ' t we just go out for a coffee?
John: Really? T h e n I guess you m u s t be pretty tired of hik
— N o , really. I've p r o m i s e d myself an early night.
ing.
4. — Do you feel like going to t h e t h e a t r e t o n i g h t ? Peter: I a m . Let's do s o m e t h i n g else.
— N o , I'd prefer to go somewhere else, if you d o n ' t m i n d . John: W h y d o n ' t we just have d i n n e r together somewhere t h i s
5. — W h y d o n ' t you call me up at t h e office at 7? Saturday?

— Well, I'd r a t h e r pick you up at 7.30. Peter: T h a t s o u n d s like a good idea. W h e r e would you like to
— T h a t ' s settled. go?
John: Well, o n e of my favourite places to eat is " T h e C a p t a i n
6. — Shall we play a g a m e of billiards? Table".
— All right. Peter: H m m . " T h e C a p t a i n Table?" W h a t k i n d o f food d o they
7. — W h y not go to t h e forest on Sunday? serve there?
— T h a t ' s not a b a d idea, but I ' m afraid I'll be busy on Sunday. John: Seafood. But if you d o n ' t like seafood, we could go
s o m e p l a c e else.
Peter: N o . On t h e contrary, I love seafood.
Conversation 3
John: You do? G r e a t .
John: Would you like to get together t h i s weekend? Peter: T h e n it's settled. " T h e C a p t a i n T a b l e " for d i n n e r on
Peter: Sure. W h a t would you like to do? Saturday. W h a t time?
John: Well, how a b o u t seeing a movie? John: H o w about 7 o'clock?
Peter: T h a t s o u n d s good. D i d you have any p a r t i c u l a r movie in Peter: Is 8 okay?
mind? John: Fine.
[Г] W h a t are J o h n a n d Peter t a l k i n g a b o u t ? W h a t d o e s J o h n sug I don't.

gest? D o e s Peter feel like seeing "A M a n a n d his H o r s e " ? Disagreeing:
I'm not.
D o e s J o h n like science fiction movies? J o h n enjoys ice skating,
d o e s n ' t he? W h y d o e s n ' t Peter feel like going h i k i n g ? W h e r e do c) How to express dislikes:
t h e two friends agree to go?
don't like
dislike loud music.
A. Reproduce the phrases expressing suggestions and replies to sugges I hate Chinese food.
tions used in conversation 3. Rephrase them. can't stand people who smoke.
can't bear
B. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
d) How to agree or disagree with a person's dislikes:
К а к н а с ч е т д л и т е л ь н о й п е ш е й п р о г у л к и ? Тогда р е ш е н о .
Neither do I.
К о н е ч н о . Н а о б о р о т . П о ч е м у б ы н а м п р о с т о н е пообедать где-нибудь
Agreeing: So do I.
в э т о в о с к р е с е н ь е ? Куда бы ты хотел п о й т и ? М о ж е т б ы т ь , н а м не Neither can I.
стоит смотреть к и н о ф и л ь м . Я слышал, это о т л и ч н ы й фильм. Ты
I don't.
имел какой-то к о н к р е т н ы й ф и л ь м в виду? Разве ты не л ю б и ш ь Disagreeing:
I can.
научно-фантастические фильмы? Какие-нибудь предложения?
Т ы , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , устал о т п р о г у л о к . Э т о к а ж е т с я х о р о ш е й и д е е й . e) How to express preferences:
А ч т о за еду т а м подают? Е с л и тебе не н р а в я т с я м о р е п р о д у к т ы , то
м ы м о г л и б ы сходить куда-нибудь еще. Т ы н е хотел б ы встретить apples oranges.
I prefer to
с я н а э т о й неделе? Э т о в е с т е р н ( к о в б о й с к и й ф и л ь м ) , н е т а к л и ? П о watching TV listening to music.
правде говоря, мне не очень нравятся ковбойские ф и л ь м ы . prefer to
I'd go to the cinema than (go) to the theatre.
rather
C. Act out the following situations.
1. Your friend a n d you are p l a n n i n g how to spend t h e evening. Conversation Practice

2. An interesting film is on at your local c i n e m a . You suggest to Conversation 4
your friend seeing it. Your friend asks you some questions about t h e
film a n d m a k e s up h i s / h e r m i n d to see it. You a r r a n g e about t h e tickets Susan: G u e s s what? T h e y ' r e showing " C h i n a S e a s " w i t h Clark
a n d agree to m e e t outside t h e c i n e m a at 6 o'clock. Gable on TV tonight.
Lucy: Are they really? O h , I m u s t w a t c h t h a t . If there's o n e
a c t o r I love w a t c h i n g , it's Clark G a b l e .
LIKES. DISLIKES. PREFERENCES
Susan: Yes, so do I, especially w h e n h e ' s playing opposite J e a n
a) How to express likes: Harlow.
Lucy: J e a n Harlow? O h , I c a n ' t s t a n d her!
like jazz.
I (quite/really) enjoy Susan: C a n ' t you? But why not?
football.
love cooking. Lucy: I d o n ' t know. I just d o n ' t like t h e way she acts, t h a t ' s all.
fond of music. Susan: But she was a very good actress!
I'm (very) jogging.
keen on Lucy: You must be joking!
Susan: N o , I ' m not. I really like t h e way she acts. Anyway,
b) How to agree or disagree with a person's likes: I'd m u c h rather w a t c h " C h i n a S e a s " t h a n t h e o p e r a o n
B B C 2 " L a Traviata".
So do I. Lucy: You are not serious, are you? You really m e a n to say t h a t
Agreeing:
So am I.
you'd prefer t o w a t c h " C h i n a Seas"?
UNIT 17 211
Susan: Yes, any day. nis? 5. Would you like to go to a c o n c e r t ? 6. W h y not go abroad for o u r
Lucy: Well... if t h a t ' s the sort of films you enjoy w a t c h i n g , t h e n holidays? 7. Do you feel like going for a walk? 8. W h y d o n ' t we have
all I c a n say is t h a t I d o n ' t t h i n k very m u c h of your taste! d i n n e r at this cafeteria? 9. Let's go fishing on Sunday.
I shall w a t c h t h e o p e r a !
G. Ask your friend about his/her likes as far as sport is concerned.
[7] W h a t are they showing on TV tonight? W h a t do the girls t h i n k
Situation 1. Your friend and you are speaking about your likes and
of Clark Gable? Do they b o t h t h i n k m u c h of J e a n Harlow's act
dislikes as far as entertainments are concerned.
ing? W h a t p r o g r a m m e s are t h e girls going to watch t o n i g h t ?
OPINIONS. AGREEMENT A N D DISAGREEMENT

A. Reproduce the phrases expressing likes, dislikes and preferences
a) How to ask for an opinion:
used in conversation 4.
What do you think of/about
B. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
What's your opinion of British television?
М н е д е й с т в и т е л ь н о н р а в и т с я , к а к о н а играет. Я невысоко How do you find
го м н е н и я о т в о е м вкусе. Т ы , н а в е р н о , ш у т и ш ь . Я ее т е р п е т ь не
могу. Е с л и т а к о г о рода ф и л ь м тебе н р а в и т с я . . . М н е просто не b) How to give an opinion:
нравится, к а к она играет. Я бы предпочла посмотреть фильм. I think
there is too much violence on the screen
C. Express your agreement or disagreement with your friend's likes. I believe
today.
In my opinion
1. I like detectives. 2. I enjoyed t h e o p e r a . 3. I'm keen on jazz.
4. I'm fond of folk songs. 5. I love football. 6. I liked sweets w h e n
c) How to agree with an opinion:
I was a girl. 7. I enjoy classical music. 8. I ' m keen on fishing. 9. I like
jogging. 10. I'm fond of figure-skating. 11. I liked the film very m u c h . I (quite) agree (with you).
12. I ' m fond of science fiction. You are (quite) right.
(Yes), he does (did, was, will, etc.).
D. Express your agreement or disagreement with your friend's dislikes. (No), he doesn't (isn't, didn't, etc.).
I think so, too.
1. I hate football. 2. I c a n ' t stand loud music. 3. I dislike the way she
dances. 4. I c a n ' t bear I n d i a n films. 5 . 1 d o n ' t like opera. 6 . 1 hate shop d) How to disagree with an opinion:
ping. 7. I dislike the songs he sings. 8 . 1 d i d n ' t enjoy the ballet. 9. I d o n ' t
like coffee with milk. 10. I hate being late. 11. I c a n ' t bear h i m . I don't (quite) agree (with you).
I disagree.
E. Work in pairs. A expresses his/her preferences using the words I don't think so.
below. В agrees or disagrees accordingly. No, I don't (didn't, wasn't, etc.).
That's not my opinion.
1. watch TV or listen to t h e radio; 2. go to bed early or late; 3. r e a d That's your opinion, not mine.
detective stories or science fiction; 4. large cars or small cars; 5. t o m a t o I don't think you're right.
juice or o r a n g e juice; 6. receive letters or write letters; 7. tea or coffee;
8. travel by air or by sea; 9. cabbage soup or chicken soup; 10. s u n b a t h e Conversation Practice
or swim
Conversation 5
F. Respond to the following suggestions expressing preferences. Peter: Jack, you've seen " S t a r Wars", haven't you?
1. Shall we go to t h e c i n e m a ? 2. W h a t about seeing a detective? Jack: Yes, t h a t ' s right.
3. Let's go to t h e t h e a t r e t o n i g h t . 4. W h y d o n ' t we play a g a m e of t e n - Peter: W h a t do you t h i n k of it?
Jack: Well, I was a bit d i s a p p o i n t e d , really. I d i d n ' t t h i n k D. Express disagreement.

it was a particularly good film at all.
a) — You didn't enjoy the film, did you?
Peter: O h , I disagree, Jack. I t h o u g h t it was great. It's o n e
— Yes, I did. I enjoyed every minute of it.
of t h e best films I've ever seen. I enjoyed every min
ute of it. b) — You liked the acting, didn't you?
Jack: I t h i n k it was pretty b o r i n g . - N o , I didn't.
Peter: I really c a n ' t agree with you there, Jack. I d o n ' t see
how you c a n say it was boring. It was full of excite 1. You d i d n ' t enjoy t h e book, did you? 2. You are keen on the
ment. atre, a r e n ' t you? 3. T h e scenery is good. 4. Your friend likes d a n c i n g ,
Jack: In my o p i n i o n , it wasn't. I was bored... m a i n l y because d o e s n ' t she? 5. T h e play was exciting. 6. You d i d n ' t b o o k t h e tickets,
I was expecting so m u c h more to h a p p e n , I suppose. did you? 7. He is fond of detectives, isn't he? 8. M a r y d o e s n ' t like
Peter: O h , c o m e o n ! A lot h a p p e n e d ! It's really exciting. o p e r a , d o e s she? 9. Lucy d o e s n ' t enjoy science fiction films, does she?
You are t h e first p e r s o n I've met w h o h a s n ' t enjoyed 10. T h e play was a success.
the film.
E. Agree or disagree with an opinion using one of the following con
Jack: Tastes differ, you know. versational formulas:
|У| W h a t are t h e boys t a l k i n g about? W h a t d o e s Peter t h i n k of t h e I (quite) agree with you. You are right. I t h i n k so. I d o n ' t (quite)
film " S t a r W a r s " ? W h a t is Jack's o p i n i o n ? agree with you. I disagree. I d o n ' t t h i n k so. T h a t ' s n o t my o p i n i o n .
T h a t ' s your o p i n i o n , not m i n e .
A. Pick out the phrases expressing opinions, agreement and disagree 1. A m e r i c a n films are awful. 2. W o m e n are less intelligent t h a n
ment used in conversation 5. m e n . 3. English is a very difficult l a n g u a g e to learn. 4. T h e taxes are
t o o high. 5. P a r e n t s should have to pay for t h e i r children's e d u c a t i o n .
B. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following. 6. T h e r e ' s t o o m u c h discussion about w o m e n ' s rights today. 7. We n e e d
m o r e nuclear power stations. 8. I n d i a n films are exciting. 9. T h e cli
Я п о л а г а ю , о в к у с а х не с п о р я т . Я не с о г л а с е н . Я п о л а г а ю , он
m a t e here is pleasant. 10. Jogging is useful for h e a l t h .
очень с к у ч н ы й . Я скучал (мне было скучно). По моему мнению...
Что ты думаешь об этом фильме? Я был немного разочарован. Это F. Ask questions to which the following may serve as responses.
о д и н из л у ч ш и х фильмов, которые я когда-либо видел. Потому
что я ожидал большего. Ф и л ь м действительно захватывающий. 1. It was a success. 2. It was a failure. 3. I h a d a good t i m e . 4. On
t h e whole I liked it. 5. N o t b a d at all. 6. It is marvellous. 7. I've never
C. Express agreement. seen a n y t h i n g like t h a t before. 8. In my o p i n i o n it's a little b o r i n g .
9. I was a bit d i s a p p o i n t e d .
a) — Не isn't here (hasn't come, won't do it, etc.).
— N o , he isn't (hasn't, won't). Situation 2. Your friend and you are discussing the fdm you've just
seen. You liked everything about the film and you enjoyed the acting. Your
b) — He is here (has come, etc.).
friend has a different opinion of the film.
— Yes, he is (has, etc.).
1. T h e film is p r e t t y b o r i n g . 2. D i c k d o e s n ' t like ballet. 3. K a t e Conversation 6

is fond of musicals. 4. Betsy d o e s n ' t like detectives. 5. T o m is fond of
football. 6. Television is t h e greatest invention of t h e twentieth century. Mr Alden: Shall we see a film t h i s evening?
7. T h e films of t h i s p r o d u c e r are always a great success. 8. T h e y d i d n ' t Miss Brown: T h a t would be delightful. I haven't seen a film in
enjoy t h e p e r f o r m a n c e . 9. T h e play is really exciting. 10. H i s a c t i n g is m a n y weeks.
marvellous. 11. T h e c o s t u m e s were perfect. 12. You d i d n ' t like t h e first Mr Alden: T h e r e are several c i n e m a s in my n e i g h b o u r h o o d
act, did you? which show t h e latest pictures.
UNIT 17 215
Miss Brown: Let's c o n s u l t t h e newspaper to see what films they

p r o g r a m m e a t the C a s i n o ? W h a t did M r Alden t h i n k o f t h e
are showing in town.
A m e r i c a n plot? W h e r e is Mr Alden going to invite Miss Brown
Mr Alden: T h a t ' s a splendid idea. I believe Shakespeare's in t h e n e a r future?
" M i d s u m m e r N i g h t ' s D r e a m " is on at o n e of t h e
c i n e m a s t o n i g h t . I've h e a r d it is o n e of t h e best Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
pictures of t h e year.
Miss Brown: My sister a n d I have already seen it. We enjoyed it Д у м а е т е , м ы с м о ж е м д о с т а т ь б и л е т ы ? П о с м о т р и м к и н о сегод
very m u c h . ня вечером? Я не л ю б л ю смотреть к и н о ф и л ь м с балкона. Ф и л ь м
Mr Alden: T h e C a s i n o m a y have a good p r o g r a m m e . T h e y начинается через пятнадцать минут. С б о л ь ш и м удовольствием.
are showing two m a i n pictures, a F r e n c h film a n d Я п о л а г а ю , « С о н в л е т н ю ю ночь» Ш е к с п и р а идет в о д н о м из
кинотеатров сегодня вечером. М н е , конечно, понравились оба
an A m e r i c a n . I h o p e you haven't seen t h e m .
ф и л ь м а . Будет м н о г о с в о б о д н ы х м е с т п о с л е того, к а к ф и л ь м за
Miss Brown: I haven't seen either of t h e m .
к о н ч и т с я . Я с л ы ш а л , ч т о э т о о д и н и з л у ч ш и х ф и л ь м о в года. Я н е
Mr Alden: Do you t h i n k we shall be able to o b t a i n seats?
в и д е л а н и о д н о г о и з н и х . Ф и л ь м о с т а в л я е т н е и з г л а д и м о е впечат
Shall we buy balcony seats if we c a n get t h e m ?
ление. Игра актеров была безукоризненной.
Miss Brown: Please, d o n ' t . I do not enjoy seeing a film from
t h e balcony. It is t o o far from t h e screen. It strains
Situation 3. You think your life is rather monotonous. All work and no
my eyes to see a picture from such a d i s t a n c e . play. You invite your friend to see a new film in the Oktyabr cinema. Your
Mr Alden: T h e p i c t u r e starts in fifteen m i n u t e s . T h e foyer friend willingly joins you. After the film you share your impressions.
h a s m a n y comfortable seats. We c a n wait there
a n d enjoy a cigarette in t h e m e a n t i m e . T h e r e will
be m a n y vacant seats after t h e p i c t u r e e n d s . Listening
(After the film)

A Visit to the Cinema
F i o n a a n d I went to t h e c i n e m a t h e o t h e r day to see " D e v i l " at
Miss Brown: I c e r t a i n l y enjoyed b o t h pictures. In t h e F r e n c h
t h e O d e o n . T h e review by t h e Daily Express critic was good, a n d we
film t h e actors spoke English with a slight F r e n c h
decided to go to t h e 8 o'clock p e r f o r m a n c e . W h e n I arrived F i o n a was
a c c e n t . T h e F r e n c h villages shown were very pic
waiting for me in t h e foyer, looking at a poster for " D e v i l " on t h e wall.
t u r e s q u e . T h e acting was faultless, but I t h i n k t h e
T h e u s h e r e t t e t o o k o u r tickets a n d showed us to o u r seats. I d o n ' t like
plot was a little weak.
to be close to t h e screen a n d I usually sit in t h e back row if possible,
Mr Alden: I am so glad t h a t you enjoyed b o t h pictures.
a n d I prefer a seat in t h e aisle so t h a t I c a n stretch my legs. Before t h e
I think t h e A m e r i c a n plot was very clever. T h e m a i n film there was a Mickey M o u s e C a r t o o n , t h e n a trailer for t h e
diction, t o o , was excellent. following week's film. " D e v i l " was a h o r r o r film a n d I was quite terri
Miss Brown: I always like t h e newsreel. It brings world events fied, b u t F i o n a t h o u g h t it was funny.
in vivid form a n d leaves a lasting m e m o r y .
Mr Alden: I had a very lovely evening. I h o p e to have t h e Choose the right answer to the questions below.
pleasure of h e a r i n g an o p e r a with you in t h e near
1. W h e n did F i o n a a n d h e r friend go to t h e c i n e m a ?
future.
a) yesterday
Miss Brown: T h a n k you for a pleasant evening. G o o d night,
b) t h e o t h e r day
M r Alden.
c) t o d a y
[ T | W h a t are M r Alden a n d Miss Brown t a l k i n g about? W h a t 2. W h a t p e r f o r m a n c e did they see?
film is on in o n e of t h e c i n e m a s in town? Miss Brown h a s n ' t a) t h e 6 o'clock
seen it yet, h a s she? W h a t is t h e C a s i n o showing? D o e s Miss b) t h e 8 o'clock
Brown like seats in t h e balcony? H o w did Miss Brown find t h e c) t h e 9 o'clock
UNIT 17 217
[У| W h e n d o e s M a r y usually go to t h e c i n e m a ? Why? W h a t sort of

3. W h e r e was F i o n a waiting for her friend?
films d o e s she prefer? W h o d o e s she usually go to t h e c i n e m a
a) outside t h e c i n e m a with? W h a t is t h e plot of t h e film M a r y saw last Saturday?
b) in t h e foyer
c) at t h e bus stop
Reading
4. W h a t sort of Film did the girls see?
a) a love story The Greatest Motion Picture of All the Time
b) a detective
In 1926 Margaret Mitchell, a j o u r n a l i s t a n d housewife from Atlanta,
c) a h o r r o r film
G e o r g i a , s t a r t e d to write a book. She finished it ten years later. It was
called " G o n e with t h e W i n d " . I t b e c a m e t h e most p o p u l a r A m e r i c a n
A Him Review novel of t h e t i m e . It is a long, r o m a n t i c a n d exciting novel. It is about
M a r l o n B r a n d o is a superb a c t o r a n d in t h e " O n t h e W a t e r f r o n t " a beautiful young w o m a n , Scarlett O ' H a r a , a n d twelve years in her life
he gave his finest p e r f o r m a n c e . It is his best-known role. T h e cast also just before, d u r i n g a n d after t h e A m e r i c a n Civil War (1862-64). In t h e
b o o k Scarlett m a r r i e s R h e t t Butler, t h e tall, d a r k a n d h a n d s o m e hero,
included Eva M a r i e Saint a n d Karl M a i d e n a n d t h e film's director,
but she d o e s n ' t love h i m . All t h e t i m e she loves s o m e o n e else. But t h e
Elia K a z a n , never m a d e a better film. P a r t s of t h e Film were shot in
m a n she loves is m a r r i e d .
t h e studio in H o l l y w o o d , but a lot was m a d e on location in t h e streets
David O. Selznick, Hollywod film p r o d u c e r , decided to m a k e a
of N e w York, w h i c h m a k e s it at t i m e s like a d o c u m e n t a r y . T h e critics
film of " G o n e with the W i n d " . He chose a famous film star of t h e
loved t h e film but it was n o t only a critical success. It was a great box-
t i m e , Clark G a b l e , for t h e p a r t of R h e t t Butler, but he could not find
office success as well a n d m a d e an e n o r m o u s profit. T h e plot is about
anyone for the p a r t of Scarlett. He searched a n d searched for two a n d
a young m a n ' s a t t e m p t to be a boxing c h a m p i o n .
a half years. No o n e was quite right. In t h e end, there was no m o r e
[У] W h o s t a r r e d in t h e film " O n t h e W a t e r f r o n t " ? Was t h e film a t i m e . P l a n s for t h e film were ready. On t h e night of D e c e m b e r 10th,
success? W h e r e was t h e film shot? W h a t is t h e film about? 1938, all t h e c a m e r a s were ready to film an i m p o r t a n t scene in t h e
film — t h e b u r n i n g of t h e city of Atlanta. Selznick still did not have
an actress for Scarlett.
A Funny Film
At t h e t i m e , Vivien Leigh, a y o u n g British actress, was in Hollywood
M a r y likes t h e c i n e m a very m u c h . She h a s n o lessons a n d n o with h e r fiance L a u r e n c e Oliver. Selznick's brother, M y r o n , k n e w t h e
h o m e w o r k on Saturdays, so she always goes to t h e c i n e m a t h a t after couple a n d asked t h e m t o c o m e a n d watch t h e fire scene. H e t o o k
n o o n . She prefers funny films, b u t often she sees o t h e r k i n d s of films. t h e m t o t h e studios, found his brother, David, and t a p p e d h i m o n t h e
She usually goes with some of h e r school friends, a n d they all sit to shoulder.
gether a n d eat nuts a n d ice c r e a m a n d laugh w h e n s o m e t h i n g funny David O. Selznick t u r n e d r o u n d . T h e r e , in t h e light of t h e fire, he
h a p p e n s . T h e y are always very happy at t h e c i n e m a . saw t h e beautiful face of Vivien Leigh. " D a v i d , here's your Scarlett,"
Last S a t u r d a y M a r y saw a film a b o u t a funny m a n . H i s n a m e was M y r o n said. Vivien Leigh won t h e m o s t famous p a r t in t h e history of
Percy. Percy was fat a n d h a d a big, black m o u s t a c h e . He went out o n e t h e c i n e m a — Scarlett O ' H a r a , t h e h e r o i n e of " G o n e with t h e W i n d " .
n i g h t to play c a r d s with his friends w h e n his wife was asleep. W h e n he It was a long a n d difficult film to m a k e , but on D e c e m b e r 11th,
was going h o m e at m i d n i g h t , a dog r a n after h i m a n d tore his t r o u s e r 1939 Selznick sent this telegram to a colleague: " H a v e just finished
pocket, so Percy lost his key. He tried to c l i m b up a l a d d e r to get ' G o n e with t h e Wind'. G o d bless us all. Screening at two t o m o r r o w
into his house t h r o u g h a window, but he slipped d o w n t h e l a d d e r a n d Tuesday for 750 j o u r n a l i s t s . "
m a d e a terrible noise. H i s wife woke up a n d cried, " H e l p ! T h i e v e s ! " T h e film was nearly four h o u r s long. At t h e end t h e j o u r n a l i s t s sat
S o m e o n e t e l e p h o n e d t h e police a n d a t r u c k full of p o l i c e m e n arrived. quietly for a m o m e n t a n d t h e n they c h e e r e d and cheered.
Percy r a n away, but he slipped a n d fell i n t o t h e m u d at t h e side of t h e On t h e day of the p r e m i e r e t h e Mayor of Atlanta closed all the
river. M a r y a n d h e r friends laughed a lot. schools and public buildings. " G o n e with t h e W i n d " b e c a m e a famous
UNIT 17 219
film a n d it m a d e a lot of money. T h e y called it " t h e greatest motion

a n d t h i s is a very good one.) Vivien Leigh is so beautiful as Scarlett
picture of all t i m e " . " G o n e with the W i n d " won eight awards, including
O ' H a r a . She was a wonderful actress. A n d C l a r k G a b l e is so good
an award for the best actress of t h e year a n d for t h e best direction.
as R h e t t Butler. He was a wonderful actor. I enjoyed t h e film when
I first saw it twenty-two years ago a n d I enjoyed it a g a i n last night.
Fluency You m u s t see it.
1. Answer the following questions. Write a paragraph in the same way to suit an old or a modern fdm
you have just seen.
A r e you a keen c i n e m a - g o e r ? H o w often do you go to t h e c i n e m a ?
W h i c h o f t h e M o s c o w c i n e m a s d o you like best? W h y ? W h i c h d o
you prefer: to see a film on television or on t h e screen in t h e regular Self check
c i n e m a ? W h y ? W h a t k i n d of films do you prefer? Have you seen a n y
interesting films lately? W h e n did you last go to t h e c i n e m a ? W h a t 1. Insert articles if necessary.
film did you see? W h a t is the film about? W h o starred in it? D i d you Last Friday w h e n Mr R o b i n s o n was looking t h r o u g h ... (1) Daily
like t h e acting? D i d you enjoy t h e film? W h i c h film impressed you Express, he found ... (2) review on ... (3) Russian film " C r i m e a n d
greatly? Why? W h o do you t h i n k is t h e best film d i r e c t o r in o u r coun P u n i s h m e n t " . It w a s . . . (4) screen version of... (5) Dostoevsky's famous
try? W h i c h of his/her films did you like best? W h o is your favourite novel. Mr R o b i n s o n h a d read ... (6) novel in his y o u t h a n d h a d enjoyed
actor? A r e you fond of F r e n c h films? Have you seen any F r e n c h films it greatly. He r e m e m b e r e d ... (7) plot of ... (8) novel very well. ... (9)
t h i s m o n t h ? W h a t do you t h i n k of H o l l y w o o d films? W h a t is on at review of ... (10) Daily Express critic was favourable. ... (11) famous
t h e c i n e m a now? A r e you going to t h e c i n e m a t h i s week? W h a t are Russian a c t o r Smoktunovsky played ... (12) leading p a r t in ... (13) film.
you going to see? Have you read any reviews on t h e film? W h i c h do A c c o r d i n g to ... (14) review t h e r e were s o m e o t h e r Russian stars in ...
you prefer: c i n e m a or theatre? W h y ? Do you like to w a t c h TV? W h i c h (15) cast. ... (16) film p r o m i s e d to be interesting.
p r o g r a m m e do you prefer? Mr R o b i n s o n told his wife about ... (17) film a n d they m a d e up
t h e i r m i n d s to go to ... (18) c i n e m a on Saturday. T h e y d i d n ' t w a n t to
2. Speak on:
s t a n d in ... (19) q u e u e , so Mr R o b i n s o n p h o n e d ... (20) box office a n d
a) your last visit to t h e c i n e m a ; b o o k e d two tickets for ... (21) 6 o'clock show at ... (22) O d e o n .
b) t h e film you liked best; M r s R o b i n s o n enjoyed ... (23) film. In ... (24) fact, she was de
c) your favourite actor (film director). lighted. She found ... (25) Smoktunovsky's a c t i n g superb. As for Mr
R o b i n s o n he d i d n ' t like ... (26) way ... (27) film d i r e c t o r h a d interpret-
3. Act out the following situations. ered ... (28) novel. He t h o u g h t . . . (29) novel was m u c h m o r e interesting
1. In fact, you d o n ' t often go out in t h e evening. As a rule you stay t h a n ... (30) film. Besides, he d i d n ' t like ... (31) acting. It was r a i n i n g
at h o m e a n d watch television. You are fond of it. So is y o u r friend. At heavily w h e n they left ... (32) c i n e m a a n d Mr R o b i n s o n regretted he
t h e m o m e n t you are discussing your favourite T V p r o g r a m m e s . h a d n ' t stayed in on t h a t nasty evening.
2. O n c e in a long while you have m a d e up your m i n d to go to t h e
2. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
c i n e m a . T h e r e are several films on. Certainly, you want to see a good
o n e . Your friend is a keen cinema-goer, so he is just t h e m a n to ask T h e o t h e r day I m a d e up my m i n d to go ... the pictures to see a
w h i c h film to see. detective. A c c o r d i n g ... t h e newspaper reviews t h e film p r o m i s e d to
be interesting. I k n o w t h a t my c o u s i n Jack is keen ... detectives, so
Here is part of a letter in which you write about a film you
yesterday evening I rang h i m up a n d invited h i m to c o m e ... m e . He
have seen recently.
a c c e p t e d my invitation willingly. We agreed to m e e t ... the c i n e m a ...
J i m a n d I went to see " G o n e with t h e W i n d " last Tuesday evening. 6.30. W h e n I arrived ... t h e c i n e m a I found Jack waiting ... m e . T h e r e
It was on at t h e O d e o n . We enjoyed it very m u c h . It's an old film but were m a n y people ... the box office a n d we h a d to s t a n d ... t h e queue ...
t h e c i n e m a was full. (I always enjoy seeing old films — d o n ' t you? — about 20 m i n u t e s . We were lucky to get tickets ... t h e 7 o'clock show.
— Ч т о ты с е г о д н я в е ч е р о м д е л а е ш ь ?
— Н и ч е г о особенного, а что?
— Ты не х о ч е ш ь с х о д и т ь в к и н о ? Unit 18
— Н е п л о х а я м ы с л ь . Я уже н е с к о л ь к о недель не б ы л в к и н о .
— В к и н о т е а т р е « М о с к в а » и д е т ф и л ь м « У н е с е н н ы е ветром» G R A M M A R : The Passive Voice
по роману Митчелл.
— М о й друг уже в и д е л его. Он говорит, ч т о э т о замечатель
н ы й ф и л ь м . К о н е ч н о , м ы н е д о л ж н ы п р о п у с т и т ь его. Illustrative Situations
— Тогда я к у п л ю д в а б и л е т а на в о с ь м и ч а с о в о й с е а н с . Т е б я
The passive verb forms are:
устраивает это время?
Present Simple T h e office is c l e a n e d twice a week,
— Д а , с п а с и б о . А где мы в с т р е т и м с я ? Present Continuous T h e office is being cleaned now.
— Давай встретимся у меня в 7 часов. Past Simple T h e office was c l e a n e d last week,
— Х о р о ш о . До с к о р о й в с т р е ч и . Past Continuous T h e office was b e i n g cleaned w h e n t h e boss
arrived.
Present Perfect T h e office h a s n o t b e e n cleaned yet.
Past Perfect T h e office h a d b e e n c l e a n e d by two o'clock,
Future Simple T h e office will be cleaned tomorrow,
Future Perfect T h e office will have b e e n cleaned by five
o'clock.
Infinitive T h e office h a s to be cleaned,
Modals + be + pp T h e office m u s t be cleaned immediately.
Practice
1. What happens in Luigis's restaurant before it opens for the evening?
Look at the prompts and make sentences using Present Simple Passive, as
in the example.
the carpets/vacuum
The carpets are vacuumed.
Prompts:
1. the tables/wipe 6. the ovens/heat
2. the cutlery/polish 7. the flowers/arrange in vases
3. the places/set 8. the salt and pepper pots/fill
4. the menu/check 9. the candles/light
5. the food/prepare
2. In pairs, use the information to ask and answer questions, as in

the example.
Name: Lincoln Memorial,
Washington DC, USA
Made of: marble
UNIT 18 223
1. T h e y are r e p a i n t i n g o u r bridge. 2. T h e y are repairing o u r road.

Completed: 1922
3. T h e y are w i d e n i n g o u r pavements. 4. T h e y are c h a n g i n g o u r h o u s e
Designer: Henry Bacon
n u m b e r s . 5. T h e y are rebuilding o u r t o w n hall. 6. T h e y are r e o p e n i n g
Reason built: to honour Abraham Lincoln
o u r t h e a t r e . 7. T h e y are closing down o u r local hospital. 8. T h e y are
Number of visitors moving o u r library. 9. T h e y are replacing o u r street lights. 10. T h e y are
per year: 1,500,000
m a k i n g o u r street one-way. 11. T h e y are restoring o u r old c h u r c h .
SI: Where is the Lincoln Memorial located?
5. Change the following sentences using Past Continuous Passive.
S2: It is located in Washington D C , in the USA. What is it made of?
S3: It is made of marble. When was it completed? When I entered the hall they were holding a meeting there.
S4: It was completed in 1 9 2 2 . Who was it designed by? When I entered the hall a meeting was being held there.
S5: It was designed by Henry Bacon. Why was it built?
1. W h e n I j o i n e d t h e visitors t h e foreman was showing t h e m r o u n d
S6: It was built to honour Abraham Lincoln. How many people
t h e m a c h i n e shop. 2. W h e n I entered t h e r o o m they were still discuss
visit it per year?
ing t h e film. 3. At 5 o'clock t h e professor was still e x a m i n g t h e stu
S 7 : It is visited by 1,500, 0 0 0 people per year.
dents. 4. W h e n I r e t u r n e d they were still c l e a n i n g t h e r o o m . 5. W h e n
N a m e : T h e Little M e r m a i d , C o p e n h a g e n , D e n m a r k I left t h e laboratory they were still testing t h e device.
M a d e of: b r o n z e
C o m p l e t e d : 1913 6. Mrs Edison is a businesswoman. She was away on a business trip
Sculptor: E d w a r d E r i k s e n but now she is back. She wants to know what has been done while she was
R e a s o n m a d e : t o h o n o u r t h e Royal D a n i s h Ballet away. Use the prompts and, in pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the
example.
N u m b e r of visitors p e r year: 1,000,000
3. The manager of the Hilltop Hotel is talking to a maid about the SA: Have they delivered my new desk?
hotel conference room. Answer the questions using the words and word S B : N o , it hasn't been delivered yet.
combinations below, as in the example.
Prompts:
A: Have you vacuumed the carpets yet? 1. you/post the invitations? (Yes)
B: Yes, the carpets were vacuumed this morning. 2. they/repair/ the Xerox? (Yes)
3. you/type/last month's reports? (No)
1. A: Have you polished t h e tables yet?
4. you/place/advertisement in the newspaper? (No)
B: Yes/the tables/polish/two h o u r s ago. 5. you/pay/the bills (Yes)
2. A: Have you o r d e r e d fresh flowers yet?
B: Yes/fresh flowers/order/an h o u r ago.
7. Helen and Chris moved house two years ago. Yesterday, they drove
3. A: Have you cleaned t h e windows yet? past their old house and saw that it looked very different. Describe the
B: N o / t h e windows/clean/this a f t e r n o o n . changes using Present Perfect Passive, as in the example.
4. A: Have you d u s t e d t h e c h a i r s yet? the outside walls/paint

B: Yes/the c h a i r s / d u s t / t h r e e h o u r s ago. The outside walls have been painted.
5. A: Have you c h a n g e d t h e light b u l b in t h e c l o a k r o o m yet?
Prompts:
B: N o / t h e light bulb in t h e c l o a k r o o m / c h a n g e / l a t e r t h i s after
1. new windows/put in
noon.
2. a garden pond/make
4. Respond to the following using Present Continuous Passive. 3. the trees/cut down
4. a lot of flowers/plant
— They are widening our road. 5. the old gate/replace
— Oh, our road is being widened, t o o .
UNIT 18 225
8. Emma Doyle has got three children. Yesterday she had to go out.
t h e e n d of t h e work day) 9. T h e letters will be xeroxed today, (before
What had been done by the children by the time she got home? Look at the
you c o m e back) 10. T h e roof will be p a i n t e d in t h e evening, (by t h e
prompts and make sentences using Past Perfect Passive, as in the example.
evening) 11. T h e newspapers will be delivered at 9. (by 9)
The beds had been made.
12. Turn the following into the Passive Voice.
The dishes had not been washed.
Tom is repairing the garden fence.
Prompts:
The garden fence is being repaired.
1. plants/water 4. dinner/cook
2. carpet/hoover 5. rubbish/take out 1. People m a k e wine from grapes. 2. T h e boss gave the secretary
3. cat/feed 6. windows/clean
some letters to type. 3. Do they t e a c h L a t i n at this school? 4. She hit h i m
on t h e h e a d with a t e n n i s racquet. 5. Is Tom cleaning the house? 6. W h o
9. Fill in the correct passive form. built t h e Pyramids? 7. A lot of children use computers nowadays. 8. T h e y
won't have completed the work by t h e e n d of the m o n t h . 9. Jane h a s n ' t
Mr Price was having his h o u s e d o n e u p . Say w h a t he saw w h e n he
d o n e the housework yet. 10. T h e y clean the r o o m daily. 11. Will they
went to i n s p e c t t h e work.
decorate t h e b e d r o o m tomorrow? 12. Have they sent out the invitations
The windows (clean) yet? 13. A b o m b killed t h e soldier. 14. They've closed t h e m o u n t a i n road.
The windows had been cleaned. 15. Terry offered her a lift to work. 16. Will you have completed the task
by Friday evening? 17. D i d they show the fire on t h e news? 18. W h o m a d e
1. N e w c u r t a i n s ( p u t up). 4. S o m e furniture (deliver).
all these cakes? 19. Someone broke into the flat last week. 20. S o m e o n e
2. T h e walls ( p a i n t ) . 5. N e w c a r p e t s (buy).
is cleaning the windows. 21. Someone left the front d o o r open. 22. T h e
3. Light fittings (still/install).
d o c t o r h a d already told h i m to go on a diet. 23. Edward has not recorded
10. Fill in Past Continuous or Past Perfect Passive. a new song. 24. H o w often do they feed t h e animals? 25. H o w m a n y
articles has she translated? 26. W h y haven't they posted the letters yet?
1. I c o u l d n ' t go to my favourite cafe" for a d r i n k . It (redecorate). 27. W h a t are they doing in the hall? 28. Have they invited t h e Browns?
2. W h e n I looked for my television set I c o u l d n ' t find it. I h a d forgot 29. T h e y told us t h e news yesterday. 30. M a n y tourists visit the Eiffel
t e n it (repair). 3. By t h e t i m e I r e t u r n e d from work, my new wash
Tower every year. 31. T h e y were painting t h e floor when I c a m e .
ing m a c h i n e (deliver). 4. I d i d n ' t w a n t to go to h e r p a r t y b e c a u s e
I (not/invite). 5. He (take) to t h e hospital w h e n t h e a m b u l a n c e c r a s h e d . 13. Put the verb in brackets into the correct passive tense.
6. W h e n I entered t h e laboratory, t h e y o u n g specialists (instruct) w h a t
to do. 7. By five o'clock t h e e x p e r i m e n t (complete). 1. A: T h a t ' s a lovely shirt. Is it new?
B: Yes. It (buy) for me by my g r a n d m o t h e r .
11. Change the sentences into Future Perfect Passive using the
2. A: D i d you read t h e newspaper t h i s m o r n i n g ?
prompts.
B: N o . It (not/deliver) by t h e t i m e I left for work.
The office will be built in a few months, (by September) 3. A: W h e r e is your car?
The office will have been built by September. B: At t h e garage. It (repair).
1. T h e tests will be c h e c k e d in an hour, (by t h e e n d of t h e lesson)
4. A: Do you know your exam results yet?
2. T h e b o o k will be published soon, (by t h e end of t h e year) 3. T h e
B: N o . T h e y ( n o t / a n n o u n c e ) yet.
suitcases will be p a c k e d after d i n n e r , (by t h e t i m e t h e t a x i comes)
4. T h e invitation cards will be sent on Sunday, (by Sunday) 5. T h e 5. A: A r e you going to m a k e d i n n e r t o n i g h t ?
t e l e p h o n e will be r e p a i r e d on Tuesday, (by Tuesday) 6. T h e work will B: N o . It (make) by S i m o n . He p r o m i s e d to do it.
be d o n e tomorrow, (by t o m o r r o w ) 7. T h e papers will be signed at 5
6. A: Have you finished your h o m e w o r k yet?
o'clock, (by 5 o'clock) 8. T h e c o m p u t e r will be tested in a few days, (by
B: N o , b u t it (finish) by eight o'clock.
7. A: W h o waters your p l a n t s w h e n you're away? Let Me Quiz You

B: T h e y (water) by my neighbour.
A: Have you studied for t h e test t o m o r r o w ?
8. A: W h y did she look so worried? B: Yes, I have.
B: H e r son (operate o n ) . A: O K . Let me q u i z you on t h e P a n a m a C a n a l .
B: All right. Go a h e a d .
14. Use the words and word combinations below to make sentences in
A: W h o was t h e canal built by?
the passive, as in the example.
B: It was started by t h e F r e n c h a n d c o m p l e t e d by t h e A m e r i c a n s .
the ironing/share/Susan and David A: R i g h t ! A n d w h e n was it c o m p l e t e d ?
The ironing is shared by Susan and David. B: It was c o m p l e t e d in 1911.
A: N o ! It was c o m p l e t e d in 1914.
1. t h e house/clean/next weekend; 2. the fence/paint/last Tuesday;
B: O h , t h a t ' s right.
3. t h e invitations/just/send; 4. t h e stolen p a i n t i n g s / n o t find/yet; 5. t h e
clothes/wash/tomorrow; 6. t h e doctor/already/call; 7. t h e w a s h i n g / d o /
Can I Help You?
Joseph/every night; 8. t h e thief/catch/the police; 9. t h i s computer/still/
use; 10. t h e shelves/put up/yesterday; 11. we/pay/twice a m o n t h ; 12. a Mrs Jones: Is t h i s J o e A u t o R e p a i r Shop?
new bridge/build/at t h e m o m e n t Man: Yes, it is. C a n I help you?
Mrs Jones: Yes, please. T h i s is M r s Jones. I'm calling about my
car. H a s it b e e n repaired yet?
Fluency
Man: N o t yet. It's b e i n g repaired right now.
T Study and practise. Mrs Jones: I see. Tell m e , w h e n c a n I pick it up?
Man: C o m e by at four o'clock. I ' m sure it'll be ready by
Not for Jazz then.
We have an old musical i n s t r u m e n t . It is called a clavicord. It was A Burglary

m a d e in G e r m a n y in 1681. O u r clavicord is kept in t h e living r o o m . It
has belonged to o u r family for a long t i m e . T h e i n s t r u m e n t was bought Tom: T h e newsagent's h a s b e e n broken into. About £ 850
by my grandfather m a n y years ago. Recently it was d a m a g e d by a visi has been taken.
tor. She tried to play j a z z on it! She struck t h e keys t o o h a r d a n d two of Nick: H a s t h e thief b e e n found?
the strings were broken. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's. Tom: N o , not yet. T h e theft was only discovered an h o u r
ago. T h e r e ' s a r o o m at t h e back of t h e shop where
Quick Work t h e m o n e y is kept in a safe. T h i s m o r n i n g t h e cleaner
noticed t h a t t h e w i n d o w h a d b e e n b r o k e n , so she
Ted R o b i n s o n h a s b e e n w o r r i e d all t h e week. Last Tuesday he re told t h e owner. A few p e o p l e have b e e n q u e s t i o n e d
ceived a letter from t h e local police. In t h e letter he was asked to call by the police, but n o b o d y knows m u c h . An officer
at t h e station. Ted w o n d e r e d why he was w a n t e d by t h e police, but he said t h a t any i n f o r m a t i o n will be welcomed.
went to t h e station yesterday a n d now he is n o t worried a n y m o r e . At
t h e station he was told by a s m i l i n g p o l i c e m a n t h a t his bicycle h a d Nick: Will t h e r e be a reward?
b e e n found. Five days ago, t h e p o l i c e m a n told h i m , t h e bicycle was
An Interview
picked up in a small village four h u n d r e d miles away. It is now be
ing sent to his h o m e by t r a i n . Ted was most surprised w h e n he h e a r d A r e p o r t e r is t a l k i n g to Lucy F a m e .
t h e news. He was a m u s e d , t o o , b e c a u s e he never expected t h e bicycle
Rep: It's wonderful to interview such a famous person as
to be found. It was stolen t w e n t y years ago w h e n Ted was a boy of
you.
fifteen.
Lucy: Yes, you are very lucky!
8-
Rep: I know t h a t you have been interviewed m a n y t i m e s Agent: Last year... I t h i n k it's a very solid house. It's built of
before. brick with a tiled roof.
Lucy: Yes, I have. Mr Palmer: It's a long way from a big town. W h a t are t h e ser
Rep: Also, I k n o w t h a t t h r e e b o o k s have b e e n written vices like?
about you. Agent: Hold on... I've got t h e details here. Yes... let me see...
Lucy: Yes, they have — a n d a n o t h e r o n e is being w r i t t e n at t h e dustbins are e m p t i e d every Thursday.
the moment. Mr Palmer: It's i m p o r t a n t for me to see t h e post before 1 go to
Rep: A film was m a d e about your life two years ago, work. W h e n is it delivered?
wasn't it? Agent: It's usually delivered at about 7.30. T h e milk is deliv
Lucy: Yes, it was a brilliant film! T h e leading role is played ered about six o'clock... so you'll have fresh milk for
by a beautiful y o u n g actress. breakfast.
Rep: Will any m o r e films be m a d e in t h e future? Mr Palmer: It's c e r t a i n l y very c h e a p . I've seen a lot of similar
Lucy: O h , yes, of c o u r s e ! houses... a n d t h e y ' r e m o r e expensive.
Rep: W h e r e do you buy your clothes from, Lucy? Agent: A h , yes... it's a real bargain.
Lucy: I d o n ' t buy t h e m ! They are designed especially Mr Palmer: A r e t h e r e any plans for t h e area?
for m e . Agent: P a r d o n ? Plans... well, a new school is going to be
Rep: A n d what about your beautiful house? built in t h e village next year...
Lucy: T h a t was built five years ago by an I t a l i a n architect. Mr Palmer: A n y t h i n g else?
Rep: You must m a k e a lot of money. Agent: ... a n d a new road, a motorway actually, will be built
Lucy: I make lots of m o n e y a n d everybody loves me. next year, too. You'll be able to get to L o n d o n easily.
Flowers are sent to my h o u s e every day. Mr Palmer: W h e r e exactly will t h e motorway be built?
Rep: N o t by m e , t h a t ' s c e r t a i n ! Agent: Well, actually, it'll be built b e h i n d t h e house. It'll be
very interesting. You'll be able to watch t h e traffic.
It's a Real Bargain!
Mr P a l m e r is looking for a new house. H e ' s tired of living in t h e Self Check
city a n d he w a n t s to live in a quiet village. H e ' s with t h e estate agent
now. 1. Put the verb in brackets into the correct active or passive tense.
Agent: Well, Mr P a l m e r . T h i s is the h o u s e t h a t I told you 1. Tony O ' C o n n e l (work) for a large c o m p a n y . Last year, he (pro
about... N u m b e r 26, R i c h m o n d R o a d . T h e owners mote) to t h e position of m a n a g e r . He (give) a large office a n d a com
are away, but I've got a key. p a n y car. He now (have) a s e c r e t a r y w h o (answer) his calls, a n d he
Mr Palmer: W h e n was it built? (pay) a lot m o r e m o n e y t h a n before. He (feel) very h a p p y a b o u t his
Agent: It was built in 1970. j o b now. 2. T h e Q u e e n (not/see) since last July. T h e newspapers (say)
Mr Palmer: W h o built it? t h a t she is sick, b u t most people (not/believe) it. 3. T h e y (build) a
Agent: I ' m n o t really sure. Is it i m p o r t a n t ? new sports c e n t r e in t o w n . — I know. It (open) by t h e m a y o r next
Mr Palmer: N o , not really. Is t h a t a new roof? It looks new. m o n t h . 4. W h o (look) after your g a r d e n for you? — It (look after)
Agent: It is nearly new. It was put on last year. You c a n see by my brother. 5. (you/type) t h a t letter yet, Miss Brown? — It (type)
t h a t it is in very g o o d c o n d i t i o n . T h e previous o w n e r right now, sir. 6. T o o m a n y offices (build) in L o n d o n over t h e last
was a builder. t e n years. 7. T h e driver (go) t o o fast w h e n he (hit) t h e child. 8. (you/
Mr Palmer: It's quite an old house. I'm worried about t h e electri post) t h e letters? — N o , t h e y (already/post) by t h e t i m e I c a m e in.
cal wiring. H a s it b e e n rewired? 9. W h a t ( h a p p e n ) to t h e c r i m i n a l s ? — T h e y ( p u n i s h ) for t h e i r c r i m e s .
Agent: Yes, it h a s . 10. W h e r e is your watch? — I (break) it. It (repair) at t h e m o m e n t .
Mr Palmer: O h , w h e n was it done? 11. T h e letters (still/type) w h e n t h e boss c a m e . 12. (you/build) t h e
garage yourselves? — N o , t h e garage (build) before we moved in.

13. T h i s piece of music ( n o t / r e c o r d ) yet. 1 (just/compose) it. 14. A lot
of food (eat) at t h e party.
2. Translate into English. Unit 19

1. На этой улице строится новая с т а н ц и я метро. 2. Эту статью
G R A M M A R : Reported speech ( 2 ) . Immediate and remote
н а п и с а л один а н г л и й с к и й журналист. 3. Разве ты не п о н и м а е ш ь
past report
правило, которое н а м только что о б ъ я с н и л и ? 4. Когда я п р и ш л а ,
д о к у м е н т ы б ы л и уже п о д п и с а н ы . 5 . Д о к л а д с л у ш а л и о ч е н ь вни
м а т е л ь н о . 6 . М н е д а л и э т у к н и г у всего н а т р и д н я . 7 . Н а д в а м и Illustrative Situations
будут с м е я т ь с я , е с л и в ы э т о с к а ж е т е . 8 . О н о г л я н у л с я и п о н я л ,
ч т о з а н и м следят. 9 . З и м о й н а даче н е ж и л и . 10. Е г о везде и с к а л и ,
T h e tense of t h e verb in t h e original sentence n o r m a l l y c h a n g e s
н о т а к и н е н а ш л и . 11. М о ю м а м у ч а с т о п р и г л а ш а ю т в Л о н д о н .
w h e n this s t a t e m e n t is r e p o r t e d as a past event.
12. Не б е с п о к о й т е с ь . Все будет с д е л а н о в о в р е м я . 13. Я просмо
т р е л т о л ь к о ч а с т ь с т а т е й , о с т а л ь н ы е еще п е ч а т а ю т с я с е й ч а с . К а к Original statement Reported statement
т о л ь к о н у ж н ы й м а т е р и а л будет г о т о в , его п р и н е с у т в а м . 14. В на a) " T h e road is closed." I told you t h e road was closed.
ш е й с т р а н е м н о г о в н и м а н и я у д е л я е т с я спорту. 15. Е с л и о н н е b) " T h e y are repairing it." I told you they were repairing it.
п р и д е т , э т о т в о п р о с н е будут о б с у ж д а т ь . 16. К о г д а м ы н а ш л и c) " T h e bridge has col- I told you t h e bridge h a d col
с л о в а р ь , с т а т ь я уже б ы л а п е р е в е д е н а . 17. К а к т о л ь к о в е щ и б ы л и
lapsed." lapsed.
у л о ж е н ы , п о с л а л и за т а к с и . 18. Я д у м а л а , ч т о м о и в е щ и д о с т а в я т
d) " N o o n e c a n cross it." I told you no o n e could cross it.
ч е р е з пару ч а с о в , а их д о с т а в и л и на с л е д у ю щ и й д е н ь . 19. П и с ь м о
е щ е н е о т п р а в и л и . 20. Э т а к н и г а н е п е р е в е д е н а н а р у с с к и й я з ы к . W h i l e t h e t e n s e - c h a n g e shown above is n o r m a l , it n e e d n o t be
21. М е н я о б э т о м н и к о г д а н е с п р а ш и в а л и . 22. Все п р и г л а ш е н и я
m a d e if, for example, t h e speaker wishes to e m p h a s i z e t h a t t h e situa
будут р а з о с л а н ы к к о н ц у н е д е л и . 23. П о с л е л е к ц и и н а м п о к а ж у т
tion described in t h e a c t u a l words spoken still exists a n d it c a n also be
ф и л ь м о Л о н д о н е . 24. И н т е р е с н о , ему уже с к а з а л и о б э т о м и л и
applied t o t h e t i m e o f reporting. T h u s :
нет. 25. В д е т с т в е ее у ч и л и м у з ы к е . 26. С е г о д н я о ж и д а е т с я м н о г о
г о с т е й . 27. В в е с т и б ю л е н и к о г о нет. Г о с т я м п о к а з ы в а ю т у н и в е р t h e road is closed.
ситет. 28. К т о м у в р е м е н и к а к вы в е р н е т е с ь , э к с п е р и м е н т будет x ,. ., . t h e y are r e p a i r i n g it.
завершен. I told you
1 (that)
v \V y, ., * ,
t h e bridge h a s collapsed.
no o n e c a n cross it.
Bob: I ' m tired.

Jim: W h a t did you say?
Bob: I said I ' m tired.
I n t h i s situation t h e t e n s e o f t h e verb i s n o t c h a n g e d b e c a u s e t h e
r e p o r t e d s t a t e m e n t is given very s o o n after t h e original s t a t e m e n t :
Olga: C a n I miss class t o m o r r o w ?

Teacher: W h a t did you say?
Olga: I asked if I c a n (or could) miss class tomorrow.
T h e r e p o r t e d s t a t e m e n t is n e a r t h e t i m e a n d place of t h e original
statement.
T h e tense of t h e original s t a t e m e n t is usually not c h a n g e d when 2) I shall p h o n e you t o m o r r o w .

t h e speaker r e p o r t s a historical fact or general t r u t h : He said Florida (Mike to you today) (Mike to you last Monday)
is (or was) in the south-eastern United States. Tom said New York is (or
M i k e p r o m i s e d h e would p h o n e M i k e p r o m i s e d m e (last
was) bigger than London. I said my name is (or was) Earnest.
me tomorrow. M o n d a y ) h e would p h o n e
Notice that in these situations it is also correct to change the verb into
me t h e next (the following)
the past. But you must use a past tense when there is a difference between day b u t h e d i d n ' t .
what was said a n d what is really true. Study this example situation:
3) I am going to E n g l a n d next m o n t h .
You m e e t A n n . She said: " J i m is ill." (Alec to you two days ago) (Alec to you three months ago)
Later t h a t day you see J i m playing t e n n i s a n d looking well. You Alec told me he's going to W h e n I saw Alec he said he was
say. " I ' m surprised to see you playing t e n n i s . A n n said you were ill." E n g l a n d next m o n t h . going t o E n g l a n d t h e next
(not " y o u are ill", b e c a u s e he isn't ill) (the following) m o n t h .
4) My b r o t h e r is c o m i n g t o n i g h t .
ADVERBS A N D DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
IN REPORTED SPEECH (Peter to you today) (Peter to you some days ago)
Peter told me his b r o t h e r is W h e n I m e t Peter t h e o t h e r
Demonstrative pronouns and Demonstrative pronouns and coming tonight. day he said his b r o t h e r was
adverbs of proximity in time adverbs of remoteness in time c o m i n g t h a t night.
and space and space
5) I lost my w a t c h s o m e days ago.
t h i s (these) t h a t (those)
(Peter to you today) (Peter to you last month)
today t h a t day
Peter told me t o d a y he lost his Peter told me (last m o n t h ) he
t h i s m o r n i n g (week, m o n t h , t h a t m o r n i n g (week, m o n t h ,
w a t c h s o m e days ago. h a d lost his w a t c h s o m e days
summer) summer)
before.
now then
here there 6) I saw J a n e last week.
tomorrow t h e next (the following) day (Mike to you yesterday) (Mike to you last month)
t h e next week ( m o n t h , year) M i k e told me yesterday he saw W h e n I m e t M i k e last m o n t h
next week ( m o n t h , year) ago
before J a n e last week. he told me he h a d seen J a n e
s o m e days (weeks, m o n t h s , some days (weeks, m o n t h s , t h e previous week.
hours) ago hours) before
7) I ' m very busy today.
yesterday t h e day before, t h e previous day
(Peter to you today) (Peter to you some days ago)
last week ( m o n t h , Sunday, etc.) t h e previous week ( m o n t h ,
Peter said he's very busy today. I invited Peter to t h e c i n e m a
Sunday, etc.) or t h e week
last M o n d a y but he said he
( m o n t h , year, etc.) before
was very busy t h a t day.
1) I passed my final e x a m yesterday. 8) (Robert to Alec on Monday): I ' m leaving tomorrow.
(Peter to you today) (Peter to you last week) (Alec on the same day): R o b e r t said he's leaving t o m o r r o w .
Peter told me he passed his fi I saw Peter last Friday a n d he (Alec on Tuesday): R o b e r t said he is leaving today.
nal exam yesterday. told me he h a d passed his (Alec on Wednesday): R o b e r t said he was leaving yesterday.
final exam t h e day before (Alec on Thursday): R o b e r t told me on M o n d a y he was leaving t h e
(the previous day). n e x t / t h e following day.
9) (Mike's mother to you): He is at t h e Institute now. 3. In this situation someone says something to you which is the opposite
of what he/she said before. You have to answer:
I've just called on M i k e . H i s W h e n I called on M i k e yester
m o t h e r said he's at t h e day evening his m o t h e r said I thought you said But you said ....
I n s t i t u t e now. he was at t h e I n s t i t u t e at t h a t
t i m e (then). a) — That restaurant is expensive.
— I thought you said it wasn't expensive.
10) {Your friend Victor to you on leaving Moscow for Kiev):
1. A n n is c o m i n g to t h e party. 2. Bill passed his e x a m . 3. I c a n
I'll c o m e here again next s u m m e r . afford a holiday this year. 4. It often r a i n s here. 5. Victor is keen on
(You to your mother): (Victor to his friend in Kiev): t h e a t r e . 6. I k n o w her address. 7. Jack a n d Jill are going to get m a r r i e d .
8. I've got m a n y friends. 9. Tom works very h a r d . 10. I'll be here next
Victor p r o m i s e d t h a t he would I spent t h i s s u m m e r at my
week. 11. I w a n t to be rich a n d famous. 12. A n n likes Bill.
(will) c o m e here a g a i n friend's in M o s c o w a n d
next s u m m e r . I p r o m i s e d I'd c o m e t h e r e b) — Sorry, but I cannot come with you.
again next s u m m e r . — But you said yesterday you could come with me.
— Yes, I said I could but now I can't.
Practice c) — They won't join us, you know.
— But they said they would.
/. Jim met Ann while she was on holiday. Read Ann's words and then
— Yes, they said they would but they've changed their minds.
report what she said.
1. Sorry, I c a n n o t do it for you. 2. Alice will not take p a r t in
1. T h e w e a t h e r is hot.
t h e c o n c e r t . 3. Sorry, but I c a n ' t j o i n you. 4. Dick w o n ' t be present.
2. T h e food is delicious.
5. Sorry, but I c a n ' t lend you my bicycle. 6. Sorry, but I c a n ' t go on t h i s
3. I go s w i m m i n g every day.
excursion. 7. Betty won't stay with us. 8. Dick w o n ' t go fishing with us
4. I will always r e m e m b e r t h e place.
t o m o r r o w . 9. I ' m sorry but I c a n ' t help you.
5. I h a t e going back to work.
6. I ' m l e a r n i n g S p a n i s h . d) — When I was in the Crimea ...
7. I've got a lovely s u n t a n . — But you told me you hadn't been in (to) the Crimea!
8. I ' m c o m i n g back a g a i n next year.
1. W h e n I was in L o n d o n ... . 2. W h e n I studied F r e n c h ... .
9. I've m a d e a lot of friends.
3. W h e n Alec was in t h e C a u c a s u s ... . 4. W h e n J a n e p h o n e d me ... .
10. T h e hotel is n i c e .
5. W h e n Dick lived in Paris ... .
2. Report what the Jones family said when they came home from their
4. In the following situations there is a difference between what was
holiday.
said and what is really true.
1. Mr Jones: I h a d a brilliant t i m e .
Ann says: "I'm tired." Ten minutes later she says: "Let's play ten
2. Mrs Jones: I d i d n ' t like t h e food.
nis." What do you say?
3. Grandmother: T h e waiters were very r u d e .
— You said you were tired.
4. Judy: I ' m not looking forward to going back to school.
5. Mrs Jones: I was getting b o r e d of lying on t h e b e a c h . What do you say?
6. Paul: I've never h a d so m u c h fun in my life. 1. Your friend says: " I ' m h u n g r y , " so you go to a r e s t a u r a n t . W h e n
7. Patrick: I m a d e so m a n y new friends. you get t h e r e he says: "I d o n ' t w a n t to e a t . " 2. T o m tells you: " A n n
8. Tracy: I h o p e we'll go to t h e s a m e place next year. h a s gone away." Later t h a t day you m e e t her. 3. M i k e says: "I d o n ' t
9. Danny: I ' m going to get my p h o t o s developed t o m o r r o w . smoke." Later t h a t day you see h i m s m o k i n g . 4. You a r r a n g e d to m e e t
10. Tina: I ' m e x h a u s t e d . Jack. He said: "I won't be late." At last he arrives 20 m i n u t e s late.
5. Kate said: "I c a n ' t c o m e to t h e p a r t y t o n i g h t . " T h a t night you saw 7. Choose the right word or word combination.
h e r at the party. 6. " T h e food is very good in t h a t r e s t a u r a n t , " were
your friend's exact words, so you b o t h went there but neither of you
1. A few days (before, ago) we celebrated my m o t h e r ' s fifty-fifth
liked t h e cooking. 7. "I k n o w t h e way," R o b e r t said. You b o t h got lost. birthday. She was sorry her cousin w a s n ' t present. He h a d gone away
8. A n n says: " I ' m working t o m o r r o w evening." Later t h a t day she says: on business (yesterday, t h e day before). 2. I gave my friend my d i c -
" L e t ' s go o u t t o m o r r o w evening." t i o n a r y (last week, t h e week before) a n d he p r o m i s e d to r e t u r n it
(tomorrow, t h e next day). He kept his promise. 3. (Last m o n t h , t h e
5. In the following situations there is a difference between what you
previous m o n t h ) I saw J o h n . He looked s u n b u r n t . He had r e t u r n e d
thought and what is really true.
from t h e s o u t h (last week, t h e previous week). 4. Dick spent last
A: I go to work by bus. (tube) S u n d a y in t h e country. He said he h a d worked hard (today, that day).
В: I thought you went to work by tube.
5. I saw M a r y at 5 (yesterday, t h e day before). She said she was very
What did you think? busy (now, t h e n ) . 6. W h e n I was at Victor's some days (ago, before)
1. I d r i n k coffee, (tea) 2. He smokes cigars, (a pipe) 3. I leave he showed me a good dictionary. He said he h a d b o u g h t (this, that)
h o m e at 8. (9) 4. I start work at 9. (10) 5. I eat in t h e c a n t e e n , (in a dictionary in E n g l a n d . 7. I've just p h o n e d Bill. I learned t h a t he is
restaurant) 6. I get up at 6. (7) 7. He writes detective stories, (love sto leaving (tonight, t h a t night). 8. I m e t J o h n in t h e library some days
ries) 8. T h e t r a i n leaves at 4. (4.30) 9. I c o m e from Scotland. (Wales)
ago. He said he would c o m e (here, there) again (tomorrow, t h e fol-
10. I play t e n n i s , (golf) 11. I collect coins, (stamps) 12. I agree with
lowing day).
Peter. (Paul) 13. I always have l u n c h with Andrew. (George) 14. I p a i n t
in water-colours, (oils) 15. He prefers A n n . ( M a r y ) 16. I c o o k it in
butter, (oil) 17. He sells cassette recorders, (radios) 18. I t e a c h English. 8. Report the following statements.
( F r e n c h ) 19. I live in W a s h i n g t o n . ( N e w York) 1. Mike to Peter (on Friday): My brother is c o m i n g tonight.
6. Report the original statements in the following situations. Peter to Kate (on t h e s a m e day):
Peter to Kate (on Saturday):
The girl asked Tom about the film. "Wonderful," he said.
Peter to Kate (a week later):
He told her it was wonderful.
1. Robert asked his teacher about his m a r k in t h e test. "Very bad," 2. Mary to Dick (on Tuesday): I saw H a r r y yesterday.
was t h e answer. 2. "You are a very good student," t h e teacher said. Dick to Jane (on the same day):
Robert was pleased. 3. T h e d o c t o r looked at J a n e and said: "You have Dick to Jane (on Wednesday):
a very bad c o l d ! " 4. T h e d o c t o r looked at Tony and said: "You are t o o
Dick to Jane (a week later):
fat!" 5. M r s Butler p u t a n o t h e r cigarette in her m o u t h . It was her 30th
t h a t day. "You smoke t o o m u c h " , h e r h u s b a n d said. 6. T h e m e c h a n i c
looked at Bert's c a r a n d said: " T h e engine is w o r n o u t ! " 7. J a n e was 3. John to Lucy (on Monday): I ' m t a k i n g my English exam
already in t h e pool. " T h e water's very w a r m , " she shouted, so Tony tomorrow.
j u m p e d i n . 8. T h e salesman w a n t e d £ 5000 for the car. " T h e price is Lucy to Tom (on the same day):
t o o high," Sam said and walked out of the shop. 9. T h e teenager wanted Lucy to Tom (on Tuesday):
a d r i n k but the b a r m a n looked at h i m and said: "You are t o o young." Lucy to Tom (on Wednesday):
10. Jane asked the time. "It's five o'clock," was Mary's answer. 11. In Lucy to Tom (on Saturday):
the middle of the test Robert said: "I have a terrible headache." T h e
teacher's answer was: "All right. You can go out." 12. Mr Brown's watch
4. Betsy to Kate (on Monday): I ' m very busy today.
was broken, so he asked his friend the time. "3.30," was t h e answer. " I ' m
awfully sorry but I have to go now. I have an appointment." 13. "I have Kate to Tom (on the same day):
done my test," Bill said. "You may go out," said his teacher. Kate to Tom (a few days later):
5. Fred to Steve (on Saturday): I wrote to my m o t h e r t h i s 11. Alan is coming to spend a few days with the Smiths. He phones
from the station. Betty Smith answers.
morning.
Steve to Bill (on t h e s a m e day): a) She reports Alan's remarks to her husband while the conversation
Steve to Bill (on Sunday): is still going on.
A: I ' m p h o n i n g from t h e station.

6. Mary ( p o i n t i n g to a table I left t h e b o o k t h e r e .
B: He says he's p h o n i n g from t h e station.
n e a r a window):
Joan (standing by t h e window): b) This time Betty reports the conversation later.
Joan (explaining t h e situation to ...
B: He said he was p h o n i n g from t h e station.
another):
1. I've just arrived. 2. T h e t r a i n was late. 3. T h e station is packed
7. Helen to Mary (on M o n d a y I ' m free now. with football fans from my h o m e town. 4. I c a n hardly h e a r you: t h e y
morning): are m a k i n g such a noise. 5. I'll try to get a taxi. 6. But t h i s m a y t a k e
Mary to Barbara (a few m i n u t e s ... some t i m e as all t h e football fans w a n t taxis, t o o . 7.1 m a y have to leave
later): my luggage in t h e station a n d get a bus. 8. I h o p e to be with you in
about an hour. 9. I have a F r e n c h girl with me called M a r i e Celeste.
9. Use the following sentences in situations. 10. H e r b r o t h e r asked me to look after her. 11. We're waiting for h e r
friends but I d o n ' t see a n y sign of t h e m . 12. If they d o n ' t t u r n up I'll
S h e said she had returned from Italy the previous week. have to b r i n g M a r i e with m e . 13. I h o p e you w o n ' t m i n d . 14. I ' m sure
Last month I met my friend Lucy. I hadn't seen her for a long time. you'll like her. 15. She is t h e m o s t c h a r m i n g girl I have ever m e t .
She said she had returned from Italy the previous week. 16. I ' m going to t r y to get her a j o b in my college. 17. It's very g o o d
1. He said he is leaving t o n i g h t . 2. He said he h a d c o n s u l t e d a of you to p u t me u p . 18. I ' m afraid I c a n only stay t h r e e days. 19. I ' m
d o c t o r t h e day before. 3. He said she is in hospital now. 4. He said he looking forward to seeing you a g a i n very m u c h . 20. I've got lots of
would spend his holidays t h e r e again. 5. She told me she saw an inter messages for you from my family.
esting film yesterday. 6. He said he would be leaving for St. Petersburg
t h a t n i g h t . 7. She said she would go to t h e s o u t h t h i s s u m m e r . 8. He
Fluency
told me he h a d b o u g h t a c a r t h e previous week. 9. He p r o m i s e d he
would fix it t h e next day. 10. She said he was in t h e library at t h a t T Study and practise the conversations and do the exercises which
t i m e . 11. She said she will be t a k i n g h e r e x a m tomorrow. 12. She said follow.
she would go away on business next week. 13. She said she received a
1. Reporter: Have you just m a d e a new film, Miss M a r s h ?
parcel last week. 14. He said he's going to visit Bill today.
Miss Marsh: Yes, I have.
10. Yesterday you met a friend of yours, Charlie. He told you a lot of Reporter: A r e you going to m a k e a n o t h e r ?
things. Here are some of the things he said to you: Miss Marsh: N o , I ' m n o t . I ' m going to retire. I feel very tired.
I d o n ' t w a n t to m a k e a n o t h e r film for a long
I ' m t h i n k i n g of going to live in C a n a d a .
time.
My father is in hospital.
Kate: L e t ' s buy a newspaper, Millie. Listen to t h i s :
N i c k a n d J a n e are getting m a r r i e d next m o n t h .
" K a r e n M a r s h : S e n s a t i o n a l N e w s ! by o u r re
I haven't seen Bill for a while.
porter, A l a n J o n e s . Miss K a r e n M a r s h arrived
I've b e e n playing t e n n i s a lot lately.
at L o n d o n a i r p o r t today. She was w e a r i n g a blue
Later that day you tell another friend what Charlie said. Use reported dress a n d a m i n k c o a t . She told me she h a d just
speech. m a d e a new film. She said she was n o t going to
m a k e a n o t h e r . She said she was going to retire. I ' m going to record a n o t h e r T h e y destroyed my marriage,
She told r e p o r t e r s she felt very tired a n d d i d n ' t album.
w a n t to m a k e a n o t h e r film for a long t i m e . " I've written ten new songs. I've got a new career.
Millie: Well, fancy t h a t , K a t e !
I like r e c o r d i n g in D e t r o i t . I ' m tired of football.
H a s Miss M a r s h just m a d e a new film? W h a t is Miss M a r s h I m a d e my last a l b u m t h e r e . I'll never play in E n g l a n d again.
going t o do? W h y d o e s n ' t Miss M a r s h w a n t t o m a k e a n o t h e r I'll be in D e t r o i t for six I c a n ' t say a n y t h i n g m o r e . "
film? W h o b o u g h t a newspaper? W h e r e did Miss M a r s h arrive? weeks."
W h a t was Miss M a r s h wearing? W h a t did t h e r e p o r t e r write
about Miss M a r s h ? T Study and practise the texts and do some exercises based on the
texts.
2. Reporter: Are you really going to retire, Miss M a r s h ? 1. Julia a n d J i m , her boyfriend, are outside a r e s t a u r a n t . Julia
Miss Marsh: I may. I c a n ' t m a k e up my m i n d . I shall have to w a n t s to k n o w s o m e t h i n g before they go in.
ask my future h u s b a n d . He w o n ' t let me m a k e "Are you sure it's a good r e s t a u r a n t ? "
another film. " O h , yes!" J i m is saying. " I ' v e b e e n here before. It's very good.
Reporter: Your future h u s b a n d , Miss M a r s h ? I k n o w t h e o w n e r a n d I always get good service."
Miss Marsh: Yes. Let me i n t r o d u c e h i m to you. H i s n a m e is
A, Where are Julia and Jim?
Carlos. We shall get m a r r i e d next week.
B. Correct the statements:
Kate: Look, Millie! Here's a n o t h e r report about Miss
a) J i m says it is a bad place.
M a r s h . Listen: " K a r e n M a r s h : T h e Latest. A t
b) He says he h a s never b e e n here before.
h e r L o n d o n Hotel today Miss M a r s h told report
c) He says he does not k n o w anyone here.
ers she might retire. She said she c o u l d n ' t m a k e
d) He says he never gets good service.
up her m i n d . She said she would have to ask
h e r future h u s b a n d . She said h e r future h u s b a n d 2. J i m a n d Julia have b e e n in t h e r e s t a u r a n t for an h o u r a n d they
would not let her m a k e a n o t h e r film. T h e n she still have not b e e n served. Julia is angry. " Y o u said this was a g o o d
i n t r o d u c e d us to Carlos a n d told us they would p l a c e ! " she is saying. "You said t h a t you h a d b e e n here before! You said
get m a r r i e d next week." you k n e w t h e o w n e r a n d always got g o o d service!"
Millie: T h a t ' s sensational news, isn't it, Kate?
A. Where are Julia and Jim?
Kate: It c e r t a i n l y is. H e ' l l be h e r sixth h u s b a n d ! B. Ask "How long...?"and answer.
C. Why is Julia angry?
[ T ] Is Miss M a r s h really going to retire, or is she still not sure? D. What did Jim say before they came?
She c a n ' t m a k e u p h e r m i n d , c a n she? W h a t i s t h e n a m e o f a) good place c) t h e owner
h e r future h u s b a n d ? W h e n will they get m a r r i e d ? D i d Miss b) before d) g o o d service
M a r s h i n t r o d u c e C a r l o s t o t h e reporters? H o w did t h e r e p o r t e r
describe t h e news? 3. Julia is lucky t h a t she takes t h e s a m e b u s every m o r n i n g a n d
knows t h e c o n d u c t o r . T h i s is their conversation this m o r n i n g :
Now, write reports on these statements which were also made to Alan " I ' m sorry. I've left my m o n e y at h o m e . "
Jones at London Airport. " I t d o e s n ' t matter. You c a n pay t o m o r r o w . "
Elton K a s h , p o p star Stanley Walsh, ex-footballer Unfortunately, an inspector is going to get on t h e b u s at t h e next
stop.
" I ' m n o t staying i n E n g l a n d " I d o n ' t like reporters,
long. [7~| W h y is Julia lucky t h a t she knows t h e c o n d u c t o r ? W h a t are h e r
I ' m on my way to t h e U n i t e d T h e y ' v e written a lot of lies exact words? W h a t are t h e c o n d u c t o r ' s exact words? W h a t is
States. about m e . going to h a p p e n at t h e next stop?
4. T h e inspector got on a m i n u t e ago a n d he wants to see every younger son, M i k e , (fall) ill t h e previous week a n d she (be afraid) he
one's ticket. Julia is explaining why she has not got one. "I told the (not, get well) soon. H e r elder son, E a r n e s t , (join) t h e a r m y some days
c o n d u c t o r I had left my m o n e y at h o m e . He told me it did not m a t t e r before. T h e d o c t o r (advise) M r s H u d s o n not to work so h a r d . He said
a n d that I could pay tomorrow." she must t a k e care of herself because her h e a r t (be) really weak. She
said it (not, be) easy but she (do) her best.
[У] W h a t does t h e i n s p e c t o r want to do? W h a t is Julia doing? W h a t
did she tell t h e c o n d u c t o r ? W h a t did he tell her? 3. O n e day an old lady ( h a p p e n ) to be passing by a l u n a t i c asylum.
Seeing o n e of t h e lunatics she (stop) to t a l k to h i m . After they (talk)
5. Tom is going to t o w n a n d Susan wants h i m to do s o m e t h i n g for for s o m e t i m e t h e old lady (observe) t h a t she (not, t h i n k ) he (be) m a d
her t h e r e . at all. T h e m a n (assure) t h a t he c e r t a i n l y (not, be). He (say) t h a t his
" I t ' s my m o t h e r ' s b i r t h d a y tomorrow. Will you get her s o m e flowers relatives (send) h i m there just to get rid of h i m . T h e old lady (promise)
in town? She loves roses." t h a t she (look) i n t o t h e m a t t e r a n d (go) d o w n t h e road. S u d d e n l y a big
T o m is saying: " D o n ' t worry. I'll get her some. I w o n ' t forget." piece of w o o d (hit) h e r in t h e back of her neck. She ( t u r n ) r o u n d a n d
(see) t h e lunatic waving at her, so she (ask) w h a t (be wrong). N o t h i n g ,
[У| W h a t d o e s Susan want Tom to do? Ask why (and answer). Ask he said, he merely (want) to r e m i n d her.
a n d answer these questions: a) W h e n / b i r t h d a y ; b) W h a t sort of
flowers; c) W h a t is T o m saying? 4 . J o h n R o b i n s o n just (return) h o m e from t h e C o n t i n e n t a n d (have)
a rest at his h o m e in t h e suburbs of L o n d o n after a long t r i p by air.
6. T o m has c o m e back from town but he has forgotten to get t h e A friend of his, whose n a m e was J a m e s D o b s o n , (ring) h i m up saying
roses. Susan is very upset. t h a t he (be) glad his friend (arrive) h o m e safely a n d t h a t he would like
"I told you it was my mother's birthday t o m o r r o w a n d that she loved to see J o h n at his place on t h e following day. J o h n said he (feel) a bit
roses. You said you would get her some! You said you wouldn't forget!" tired after a long j o u r n e y across E u r o p e a n d (be, not) sure he (be able)
to come.
|~?~| Ask why Susan is upset (and answer). W h a t did she tell h i m ?
W h a t did he say?
Correct the statements:
a) He said he'd get t h e m tomorrow.

b) She said her m o t h e r ' s b i r t h d a y was next week.
Self Check
Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
1. W h e n I (ring up) my friend he (prepare) for his trip. He (say)

t h a t he (pack) everything but he (not, buy) a ticket yet. I (promise) h i m
t h a t I (help) h i m . I (be free) a n d I (can) go to t h e b o o k i n g office. He
( t h a n k ) me a n d (add) t h a t he (be grateful) to m e . At 3 o'clock I (bring)
his ticket a n d my friend (start) for t h e railway station.
2. M r s H u d s o n (be) about 40 when she (begin) to feel p a i n s in t h e

h e a r t . She (go) to t h e d o c t o r a n d (tell) h i m that she (not, feel) well for
t h e last two m o n t h s . T h e d o c t o r (ask) her if she (have) a lot of work
about t h e house. She (say) she (have) a large family — two sons a n d
t h r e e daughters to look after. H e r husband (die) two years before. H e r
UNIT 20 245
a n d t h e orchestra began playing t h e overture — a piece of music that

was to follow.
Although t h e cast of t h e play h a d acted their p a r t s every night for
several years, t h e y had not lost any interest in t h e play a n d everyone
Unit 20 gave an excellent p e r f o r m a n c e . M a r y was particularly delighted by t h e
c o s t u m e s a n d Roger w h o takes t e c h n i c a l interest in all t h i n g s com
T O P I C : Theatre m e n t e d on t h e clever lighting a n d the c o n s t r u c t i o n of t h e sets.
M a r y a n d Roger enjoyed t h e p e r f o r m a n c e very m u c h a n d applaud
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Invitations. Apologies
ed enthusiastically at the end when t h e cast lined up on t h e stage to
take t h e i r c u r t a i n calls. Outside t h e t h e a t r e Roger hailed a taxi a n d
Illustrative Text told t h e driver t o take t h e m t o t h e "Black C a t " night club. L o n d o n has
m a n y night clubs, but t h e "Black C a t " is o n e of t h e most famous a n d
A Visit to the Theatre (1) c e r t a i n l y t h e m o s t expensive.
On t h e evening before Roger Brown left E n g l a n d he t o o k his girl

friend M a r y S u m m e r s t o t h e t h e a t r e . T h e r e are over t h i r t y t h e a t r e s i n Comprehension
L o n d o n , e a c h offering a different play, musical, revue or variety show.
Roger studied t h e e n t e r t a i n m e n t section in t h e newspaper for a long 1. Listen to the text "A Visit to the Theatre" and answer the questions.
t i m e before deciding which t h e a t r e to go to. Eventually he chose some W h e r e did Roger Brown take M a r y S u m m e r s before he left E n g l a n d ?
t h i n g gay a n d a m u s i n g — t h e stage p r o d u c t i o n of " M y F a i r L a d y " at W h a t play did he choose? Was t h e play p o p u l a r with the public? W h a t
t h e D r u r y L a n e T h e a t r e . T h i s musical play, based o n G e o r g e B e r n a r d did Roger a n d M a r y do before the play began? W h a t was t h e perfor
Shaw's famous play " P y g m a l i o n " , had b e e n on for a l m o s t Five years. m a n c e like? D i d they enjoy it? W h e r e did Roger a n d M a r y go after t h e
It h a d b e e n o n e of t h e greatest successes in t h e history of t h e t h e a t r e . performance? W h y did Roger reserve a table at t h e "Black C a t " ?
D u r i n g t h e First few years of its " r u n " it had b e e n very difficult to get
tickets but by t h e t i m e Roger w a n t e d to buy two tickets t h e show was 2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer
playing to half-empty houses. cises in the next section to remember them.
Roger h a d b o o k e d his tickets t h r o u g h a t h e a t r e ticket agency in
Shaftesbury Avenue, a long street in t h e West E n d of L o n d o n , famous Special Difficulties
bacause most of L o n d o n ' s t h e a t r e s are located on t h e street itself or in
t h e n e i g h b o u r h o o d . T h e show began at eight o'clock a n d Roger a n d 3. Make sentences using the words and word combinations below.
M a r y decided to have a quick snack in a coffee b a r before t h e show a n d
My wife/some letters
d i n n e r in a r e s t a u r a n t afterwards. As Roger w a n t e d t h e evening to be a
I can't go out tonight. My wife wants me to write some letters.
m e m o r a b l e o n e , he h a d reserved a table for two at a famous night club
a n d r e s t a u r a n t where t h e y could not only eat fine food but d a n c e to a 1. T h e boss/some extra work. 2. My teacher/a c o m p o s i t i o n . 3. My
first-class orchestra. Roger h a d decided to ask M a r y to m a r r y h i m in a father/his car. 4. My m o t h e r / t h e kitchen. 5. My teacher/a lecture on
year's t i m e . He w a n t e d to p r o p o s e to her in a r o m a n t i c setting. t h e radio. 6. My parents/in t h e garden. 7. My friend/a special pro
He m e t M a r y outside h e r office at 5.30. As t h e evening was fine g r a m m e on TV. 8. My younger b r o t h e r / h i s h o m e w o r k
they walked in St. J a m e s ' Park for an h o u r before t a k i n g a taxi to
Shaftesbury Avenue. T h e r e they s o o n found a pleasant coffee bar a n d
h a d some coffee a n d cakes. At 7.30 they t o o k a n o t h e r taxi to t h e D r u r y 1. В и к т о р хочет, ч т о б ы я о т р е м о н т и р о в а л его м а ш и н у . 2. Я хо
L a n e T h e a t r e . T h e y were shown to good seats in t h e front stalls a n d чу, ч т о б ы ты п о з в о н и л Н и н е и п р и г л а с и л ее на вечер. 3. Я не
from there they c o u l d see every p a r t of t h e stage. At five m i n u t e s to хочу, ч т о б ы он п о е х а л с н а м и . 4. Ты х о ч е ш ь , ч т о б ы я п о м о г тебе?
eight m e m b e r s of the o r c h e s t r a c a m e i n t o t h e orchestra pit a n d began 5 . М ы н е х о т е л и , ч т о б ы д е т и к у п а л и с ь в т а к у ю х о л о д н у ю погоду.
t u n i n g t h e i r i n s t r u m e n t s . T h e n at 8 o'clock t h e h o u s e lights d i m m e d 6. Б р а т хотел, ч т о б ы я з а к а з а л б и л е т ы з а р а н е е .
5. Make sentences for the following situation. 8. Fill in after or afterwards.
Paula is a language student in E n g l a n d . She is a long way away from 1. Let's go out ... work t h i s evening. 2. She ironed the clothes a n d
h o m e . H e r family want h e r to do a lot of things, (perfect English) ... she put t h e m away. 3. T h e y went to the m e e t i n g a n d ... they drove
T h e y want her to l e a r n perfect English. h o m e . 4. ... t h e y h a d eaten, they did t h e washing-up. 5. ... she was sorry
for what she'd said. 6. Let's go to t h e t h e a t r e first a n d eat ... .
1. a letter h o m e every week; 2. t h r e e good meals a day; 3. good
m a r k s in her tests; 4. g o o d clothes; 5. with a good English family; 9. Rephrase the sentences using the words and word combinations in
brackets, as in the example.
6. h o m e for C h r i s t m a s ; 7. lots of English people; 8. a good j o b later
Denis is tired. He doesn't want to go to bed. (although)
6. Complete the sentences using for or during. Although Denis is tired, he doesn't want to go to bed.
1. He sat quietly ... a few m i n u t e s t h i n k i n g of w h a t to do next. 2. I 1. It was a lovely day. T h e y stayed inside, (in spite of t h e fact t h a t )
saw a lot of places of i n t e r e s t . . . my journey. 3. I went skiing only t h r e e 2. M a r t i n is a good cook. He rarely c o o k s for his friends, (though)
t i m e s ... the winter a n d haven't played hockey the whole year. 4. We 3. T h e house is in bad c o n d i t i o n . T h e y paid a lot of m o n e y for it. (even
h a d to stand in front of t h e ticket w i n d o w ... m o r e t h a n an hour. ... t h a t t h o u g h ) 4. T h e lecture was very i m p o r t a n t . Few s t u d e n t s a t t e n d e d , (in
t i m e few of the people went away. 5. She c a n sit in t h e library r e a d i n g spite of t h e fact t h a t ) 5. T h e r e wasn't m u c h food in t h e fridge. We man
r o o m ... h o u r s . 6. ... my stay in M o s c o w I visited several exhibitions. aged to m a k e a meal, (although) 6. I h a d seen t h e film before. I en
7. He is ill a n d will not c o m e to t h e office ... a few days. 8. We lived joyed w a t c h i n g it again, (though) 7. C e l i n e D i o n is my favourite singer.
in t h i s house ... 25 years. 9. ... the break we went to the d e a n ' s office. I haven't b e e n to any of her c o n c e r t s , (even t h o u g h ) 8. She h a d n ' t slept
10. O u r t r a i n s t o p p e d ... five m i n u t e s at a small station. 11. My grand well. She looked fresh a n d lively, (in spite of t h e fact t h a t )
father was sleeping peacefully ... t h e show. 10. Rephrase the sentences using the words in brackets.
7. Complete the sentences using by, by the time, till/until. S h e went to bed because she was tired, (since)
S h e went to bed since she was tired.
1. We'd b e t t e r hurry. We have to be at h o m e ... 5 o'clock. 2. Tell
me... F r i d a y w h e t h e r or n o t you c a n c o m e to t h e party. 3. I was t i r e d 1. She h a d n ' t eaten the whole day, a n d therefore she was hungry, (as)
t h i s m o r n i n g , so I stayed in b e d ... half past t e n . 4. " S h a l l we go 2. He was late. He took a taxi, (since) 3. He has passed his exams, so his
parents are pleased with h i m . (now that) 4. T h e reason why the P r i m e
n o w ? " " N o , let's wait ... it stops r a i n i n g . " 5. I ' m flying to t h e U n i t e d
M i n i s t e r did not attend t h e press conference was t h a t he was out of
States t h i s evening. So ... you receive t h i s letter, I'll probably be in
t h e country, (for) 5. She h a d a bad cold, t h a t ' s why she stayed at h o m e ,
N e w York. 6. I t h i n k I'll wait ... T h u r s d a y before m a k i n g a decision.
(because) 6. He wore a jacket because it was cold, (since) 7. I c o u l d n ' t
7. Please, m a k e sure t h a t you a r e h e r e ... 2 o'clock. 8. ... you got to
go to t h e concert. I'd spent all my money, (as) 8. He's lazy. He'll fail his
t h e party, m o s t of t h e g u e s t s h a d left. 9. I'll be w o r k i n g ... 11 o'clock.
exams, (because) 9. She didn't c o m e on t i m e . She was held in a traffic
10. I'll have finished my work ... 11 o'clock. 11. T o m will be away ... j a m . (for) 10. D a r r e n has a meeting . He c a n ' t babysit, (since)
M o n d a y . 12. T o m will be b a c k ... M o n d a y . 13. ... we get to t h e shops,
t h e y will be shut. 14. I have to be at t h e a i r p o r t ... 5 o'clock. 15. "I Text Exercises
h e a r y o u ' r e writing a b o o k . Have you finished it y e t ? " " N o t q u i t e ,
but I h o p e to finish it ... t h e e n d of t h i s m o n t h . " 16. " D o you t h i n k 11. Ask questions about:
I'll still b e u n e m p l o y e d t h i s t i m e next y e a r ? " " N o , o f c o u r s e n o t . I ' m a) the London theatres;
sure you'll have found a j o b ... t h a t t i m e ( t h e n ) . " 17. I ' m m o v i n g i n t o b) t h e play Roger chose;
my new flat next week. I ' m staying with s o m e friends ... t h e n . 18. I c) t h e way M a r y a n d Roger spent t h e t i m e before t h e p e r f o r m a n c e
h a d a lot of work to do yesterday evening. ... I finished it, I was very began;
tired. d ) t h e p e r f o r m a n c e a n d t h e i r impressions.
248
12. Retell the text. Oh, come on. It should be fun/interesting.

Are you sure you can't? I promise it'll be fun.
Oh, surely you can! Just for me, eh?
Invitations
a) How to invite others to do something (with you): g) How to give in to persuasion:
Would you like to all right then,

come to a party with me on Friday?
Do you want to Oh, very well,
as you wish.
How about coming to Brighton with me tomorrow af
Do you feel like ternoon?
h) How to resist persuasion politely:
b) How to accept an invitation: honestly, I really can't,

No,
it's really impossible
I'd love to.
I'd like to very much.
That sounds like a good idea.
Conversation Practice
That sounds (nice/lovely/super). Thank you (very much). T Listen, read and practise.
That would be nice.
Of course. Conversation 1
With pleasure.
It is Tuesday evening. J o a n n a h a s just c o m e h o m e from work w h e n
t h e p h o n e rings.
c) How to turn down an invitation politely:
Joanna: Hello, 5621.
No, thank you. Simon: Hello, Jo. It's me — S i m o n . Do you r e m e m b e r — from
I'm afraid I can't.
t h e party?
I'm (awfully) sorry but I can't.
Joanna: O h , yes, of course. Hello, S i m o n .
Simon: Listen, Jo, I was w o n d e r i n g if you were d o i n g a n y t h i n g
d) How to accept an invitation and ask for further details:
o n Saturday afternoon?
where exactly?
Joanna: Er ... Saturday?
what time?
Yes. (I'd love to) but Simon: Only, if not, would you like to c o m e to Stratford for
when exactly?
which day? t h e day? T h e y say " T h e M e r c h a n t of V e n i c e " is really
marvellous!
e) How to turn down an invitation but suggest an alternative time or day: Joanna: Yes, I'd love t o , b u t wait a m i n u t e — I'll j u s t c h e c k in
my diary. (She looks through her diary.) Hello?
Oh, dear, I can't (on Friday). But another time perhaps?
I'm afraid I'm busy then. Can't you make it another Simon: Yes?
day/time? Joanna: I ' m awfully sorry, Simon, but my m o t h e r ' s c o m i n g
I'm sorry but I can't (tomorrow). Does Tuesday suit you? d o w n from E d i n b u r g h a n d I've p r o m i s e d to go shop
I'm afraid (Friday's) a bit dif What about another day?
ping with her on S a t u r d a y a f t e r n o o n .
ficult.
Simon: O h , t h a t ' s a pity! But c a n ' t you go shopping a n o t h e r
day?
f) How to persist with an invitation to try to persuade others to change
Joanna: N o , I'm afraid not. My m o t h e r ' s only staying for a few
their minds:
days.
If a person t u r n s down your invitation, you c a n always persist a n d Simon: But do you really have to go with her? C a n ' t she go on
try to m a k e h i m change his m i n d . Here are some phrases you c a n use: her own?
Joanna: Well, she's b u y i n g a coat a n d w a n t s me to go along a n d c) Invite your friend to:

help her c h o o s e it. I'll have to go with her. She's b e e n have d i n n e r with you; go to t h e d a n c e with you on Friday; go on
looking forward to it for weeks. a picnic with you; c o m e r o u n d for a meal on C h r i s t m a s Eve; j o i n you
Simon: Ah well, a n o t h e r t i m e perhaps? for golf on Friday; listen to your new records; go for a walk with you;
Joanna: Yes, fine. L o o k , why n o t t h e weekend after next? It's h e a r " C a r m e n " with you; play chess with you, etc.
still on t h e n , isn't it?
Simon: Yes, I t h i n k so. A week on Saturday, t h e n . I'll pick you Your friend will accept or turn down the invitation.
up at about 2 o'clock. OK?
D. Learn the dialogues below and make similar dialogues.
Joanna: Yes, lovely. T h a n k you. I look forward to it.
1. — Would you like to c o m e with me to t h e c i n e m a t o n i g h t ?
|~9~| W h o is calling J o a n n a ? W h e r e does S i m o n invite J o a n n a to? — I'd love t o , but honestly, I c a n ' t .
W h y c a n ' t she accept his invitation? W h a t do they agree u p o n ? — O h , c o m e o n . Just for m e , eh?
— O h , very well. Just for you.
2. — Would you like to c o m e fishing w i t h me on Wednesday?
П о с л у ш а й , я хотел у з н а т ь о т в о и х п л а н а х на субботу. Не хоте — Oh dear, I c a n ' t on Wednesday. C a n ' t you m a k e it a n o t h e r
ла бы ты п о е х а т ь в С т р а т ф о р д ? Говорят ... М н е бы о ч е н ь хотелось day?
... Я т о л ь к о п р о в е р ю п о д н е в н и к у . М н е о ч е н ь ж а л ь . Н е м о г л и б ы — W h a t about Thursday, t h e n ?
в ы п о й т и з а п о к у п к а м и в д р у г о й раз? Б о ю с ь , ч т о нет. Н е м о ж е т — Yes, T h u r s d a y ' s fine. T h a n k you very m u c h .
ли она сходить сама? О н а ждала этого несколько недель. Может
3. — Do you feel like c o m i n g to t h e p u b with me tonight?
б ы т ь в с л е д у ю щ и й раз? П р е к р а с н о . Я заеду за т о б о й в д в а часа.
— Oh dear! I ' m afraid I c a n ' t . I've already a r r a n g e d to go some
Ж д у с н е т е р п е н и е м . М о я м а т ь пробудет у м е н я т о л ь к о н е с к о л ь к о
where t o n i g h t .
д н е й . П о л а г а ю , ч т о да. Тебе д е й с т в и т е л ь н о н у ж н о и д т и в м е с т е
— Ah well. A n o t h e r t i m e , perhaps?
с н е й ? О н а хочет, ч т о б ы я п о ш л а с н е й и п о м о г л а ей в ы б р а т ь
— Yes, fine.
пальто.
4. — H o w about m e e t i n g me after work t o m o r r o w ?
B. Act out the conversation. — Yes, I'd love t o , b u t w h a t t i m e exactly?
— About 5.30.
C. Practise the phrases expressing invitations.
— Yes, fine. See you t o m o r r o w t h e n .
a) Accept the invitations: 5. — Do you feel like going to t h e c i n e m a ?
1. Would you like to c o m e to Stratford on S a t u r d a y afternoon? — T h a t s o u n d s like a good idea. T h a n k you.
2. Do you w a n t to have l u n c h w i t h me t o m o r r o w ? 3. H o w about visit — Let's m a k e it 6.30 at y o u r place.
ing t h e Space M u s e u m with me on Saturday? 4. Do you feel like seeing — T h a t ' l l be OK by m e .
t h e film at t h e P l a z a w i t h me t o m o r r o w ? 5. Do you feel like c o m i n g 6. — Would you like to c o m e to my party?
for a drive? 6. Would you like to j o i n me? — Er... W h e n exactly?
— On Friday afternoon.
b) Turn down the invitations politely:
1. Would you like to see " H a m l e t " with me next T h u r s d a y ? 2. Do Conversation 2
you want to go to t h e c o u n t r y w i t h me t o m o r r o w ? 3. Do you feel like
visiting t h e new a r t gallery on Saturday? 4. H o w about c o m i n g r o u n d Mrs Miller: Do you like musicals, M o n i c a ?
to my place tonight? 5. W h a t about having d i n n e r with me s o m e t i m e Monica: Yes, but I prefer classical plays. Why?
next week? 6. Do you feel like going to t h e pictures w i t h me tomor Mrs Miller: Well, there's a new o n e at t h e P r i n c e of Wales. It's
row? h a d very good reviews.
Monica: W h a t do they say about it? с т о з а м е ч а т е л ь н о . Э т о п р е к р а с н ы й с п о с о б п р о в е с т и в р е м я по

Mrs Miller: T h e Sunday Time says it's brilliant a n d the Sunday сле п о л у д н я . У э т о г о с п е к т а к л я х о р о ш и е о т з ы в ы . Э т о т с п е к т а к л ь
Mirror says it is exciting. д о л ж е н б ы т ь х о р о ш и м . Я п о л а г а ю , т ы б ы хотела п о с м о т р е т ь пье
Monica: T h a t ' s not bad. It s o u n d s quite good but I t h i n k I'd сы Шекспира, не правда ли?
rather see s o m e t h i n g more serious.
B. Give synonymous expressions for the following.
Mrs Miller: H o w about this o n e t h e n ?
Monica: W h i c h one? W h y d o n ' t you go to a matine'e? T h a t s o u n d s marvellous. I t h i n k
Mrs Miller: T h i s one here. It's a thriller by Agatha Christie. It I'd rather see s o m e t h i n g more serious. How about t h i s o n e t h e n ? I'd
must be good. It's been on for over twenty-five years. like to see o t h e r plays as well. I'd prefer a m o r e serious play.
Monica: I still t h i n k I'd prefer a m o r e serious play.
Mrs Miller: All right. I'll have a n o t h e r look. Do you like B e r n a r d C. Complete the phrases from conversation 2.
Shaw? 1. Well, ... at t h e P r i n c e of Wales. 2. It s o u n d s quite good but
Monica: A h ! T h a t s o u n d s better. W h o ' s in it? I t h i n k ... . 3. ... for over twenty-five years. 4. A n d I suppose ... . 5. ... to
Mrs Miller: I d o n ' t know, but it is staged by t h e Royal Shakespeare a matine'e? 6. ... but I'd like to see o t h e r plays as well.
T h e a t r e C o m p a n y , so it's going to have s o m e good
actors in it. D. Act out conversation 2.
Monica: T h a t should be all right. Do they have any matine'e
performances? E. Act out the following situations.
Mrs Miller: Yes, on W e d n e s d a y a n d Saturday afternoons. 1. You've got a spare ticket for " C a r m e n " on Saturday night. You
Monica: I t h i n k I'll b o o k up for t h a t t h e n . p h o n e your friend a n d invite h i m / h e r to j o i n you. He/she willingly ac
Mrs Miller: A n d I suppose you'd like to see some Shakespeare cepts y o u r invitation. You are going to pick up your friend at h i s / h e r
plays, w o u l d n ' t you? place at 6.30.
Monica: Yes, very m u c h . W h a t plays are on? 2. You p h o n e your friend to invite h i m / h e r to d i n n e r at your h o u s e
Mrs Miller: " R o m e o a n d Juliet", "Twelfth N i g h t " , " R i c h a r d I I I " o n e evening next week. You will not take " n o " for an answer!
a n d , a h , I t h i n k you'd like this: "Love's L a b o u r s 3. You receive a p h o n e call from A w h o w a n t s to see you s o m e t i m e
L o s t " in Regent Park. next week. You do not really like A very m u c h , so try to find excuses
Monica: Regent Park? for not a c c e p t i n g t h e invitation.
Mrs Miller: Yes, they have a t h e a t r e in t h e park, all in t h e o p e n .
It's a lovely way of s p e n d i n g an afternoon. W h y d o n ' t Conversation 3
you go to a matine'e?
Monica: T h a t s o u n d s marvellous, but I'd like to see o t h e r
At the Box Office
plays as well. Richard: Wait for me in t h e lobby, P a u l i n e . We may not
be able to get seats. I'll ask at t h e box-office
|У| W h a t are M r s M i l l e r a n d M o n i c a t a l k i n g about? W h a t is on at
window. M a y I have two tickets for this evening's
t h e P r i n c e of Wales? W h a t do t h e reviews say about t h e musi
p e r f o r m a n c e , please?
cal? D o e s M o n i c a feel like seeing the musical? W h a t plays d o e s
Box-office clerk: Do you have reservations?
M o n i c a prefer? W h a t plays is she going to see in L o n d o n ?
Richard: N o , are t h e r e any g o o d seats left?
Box-office clerk: Yes, I have a few. I c a n give you very good seats
either in t h e o r c h e s t r a or in t h e first balcony,
П о ч е м у бы тебе не с х о д и т ь на д н е в н о й с п е к т а к л ь ? Я бы пред t h i r d row.
п о ч л а п о с м о т р е т ь ч т о - н и б у д ь более с е р ь е з н о е . К а к и е п ь е с ы Richard: G o o d , I like the seats in the balcony better t h a n
Ш е к с п и р а и д у т в театре? Я бы хотела п о с м о т р е т ь и д р у г и е п ь е с ы those on the m a i n floor. Give me two, please, in
т а к ж е . Э т а п ь е с а идет более 25 лет. Я е щ е р а з п о с м о т р ю . Э т о п р о - the aisle, if possible. Do you have programs here?
Box-office clerk: N o , you c a n get t h e m from t h e u s h e r at t h e m a i n Mrs Hunt: So do I.

entrance. Mrs Blake: You d i d n ' t like t h e first act, did you?
Richard: We were lucky, P a u l i n e . I've got excellent seats. Mrs Hunt: N o , I d i d n ' t . T h e w o m e n d a n c e d badly a n d t h e
I'll c h e c k my h a t a n d c o a t a n d get t h e pro m e n w h o d a n c e d s e e m e d nervous.
grams. Mrs Blake: Yes, you are right. T h e w o m a n w h o played t h e
Pauline: You'd b e t t e r h u r r y u p . L o o k at t h e t i m e . T h e nurse wasn't Jill S h e e n , was she?
c u r t a i n goes up at 8.30 s h a r p . We d o n ' t w a n t to Mrs Hunt: N o , she wasn't. H e r n a m e was Shirley Chilver.
be late. Mrs Blake: She talked t o o fast a n d she d i d n ' t d a n c e very
well either.
|Tj W h e r e are R i c h a r d a n d P a u l i n e a t t h e m o m e n t ? W h a t are they
Mr Hunt: Did you really enjoy t h e play?
going to do? A r e t h e r e any good seats left? W h a t seats d o e s
Mrs Hunt: Of course, we did.
R i c h a r d prefer? W h a t t i m e does t h e p e r f o r m a n c e begin?
Mr Hunt: W h a t did you like?
A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following. Mrs Hunt: O h , everything.
Возможно, мы не сможем достать билеты. Подожди меня в Costumes and Scenery

в е с т и б ю л е . Т ы б ы л у ч ш е п о т о р о п и л с я . О с т а л и с ь х о р о ш и е места?
Н а м повезло. Могу я к у п и т ь два билета на вечерний спектакль? Mr Hunt: You d o n ' t really like musicals, do you?
У вас з а к а з а н ы б и л е т ы з а р а н е е ? У м е н я е с т ь н е с к о л ь к о б и л е т о в . Mr Blake: N o , not really. I prefer straight plays. Last week

З а н а в е с п о д н и м а е т с я р о в н о в 8.30. Я с д а м в г а р д е р о б п а л ь т о и we went to see " W a i t i n g for G o d o t . "
шляпу и куплю программы. Mr Hunt: T h e p r o d u c t i o n wasn't very good, was it?
Mr Blake: N o , but t h e play was interesting.
B. Act out conversation 3. Mr Hunt: You were lucky. Tonight's play was dull.
Mr Blake: T h e a c t o r s a n d actresses weren't very good.
Situation 1. You are at the box office. You want two tickets in the stalls
Mr Hunt: N o , b u t t h e c o s t u m e s a n d scenery were marvel
for tonight's performance. The clerk offers you the circle.
lous.
A Late Night Mr Blake: I d i d n ' t like t h e m e n ' s c o s t u m e s , but t h e wom

en's dresses were lovely.
Last night my p a r e n t s went to a play. T h e y went with t h e Blakes Mr Hunt: W h o was t h e a c t o r w h o played t h e d o c t o r ?
w h o are the people we visited last Saturday.
Mr Blake: T h a t was Frederick Veal. He was in a film I saw
Before t h e play M u m a n d D a d walked d o w n Shaftesbury Avenue.
last week. He's t h e actor w h o was t h e d o c t o r in
M u m w a n t e d to see t h e t h e a t r e s a n d clubs. T h e y walked slowly a n d
a n o t h e r musical last year. I d i d n ' t like t h a t play
arrived five m i n u t e s late.
either.
M u m loved t h e play. M r s Blake liked t h e d a n c e s , but she d i d n ' t
Mrs Hunt: W h y did you buy tickets for t h i s play?
like t h e songs. D a d d i d n ' t like t h e play at all b e c a u s e he c a n ' t s t a n d
Mr Hunt: To please you.
musicals. Mr Blake d i d n ' t like it either. After t h e play they went to
Mrs Hunt: Oh ... t h a n k s .
a night club. T h e y enjoyed t h a t very m u c h . T h e y d i d n ' t get back to
the hotel u n t i l very late. T h i s m o r n i n g they stayed in bed u n t i l eleven \Y\ W h e r e d i d t h e H u n t s a n d t h e Blakes g o last n i g h t ? W h y
o'clock.
were t h e y late for t h e p e r f o r m a n c e ? D i d t h e w o m e n enjoy
t h e play? W h a t d i d t h e y t h i n k o f t h e d a n c i n g ? H o w did t h e y
The Play
find Shirley C h i l v e r ? W h a t did M r H u n t t h i n k o f t h e play?
Mrs Hunt: D i d you enjoy t h e play, Clare? H o w did M r Blake find t h e cast? D i d t h e y like t h e c o s t u m e s
Mrs Blake: Yes, I enjoyed it very m u c h . I a d o r e musicals. and scenery?
UNIT 20 257
Sally: Yes — well, never m i n d . We c a n always see it s o m e

A. Speak about the friends' visit to the theatre and their impressions
other time.
of the play.
Peter: Yes, of c o u r s e , we c a n .
Situation 2. A few days ago you were at the theatre. At the moment Sally: A n d Peter?
you are sharing your impressions of the performance with your friend. Peter: Yes?
Sally: I am sorry for t h e way I s n a p p e d at you.
APOLOGIES
Peter: O h , t h a t ' s all right. I u n d e r s t a n d .
a) How to apologize:
[У| W h y is Sally angry with Peter? W h y is Peter late for t h e play?
I'm sorry.
I'm (so, very, terribly, awfully) sorry about/for... A. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
I (do) apologize.
Please accept my apologies. Где т ы б ы л ? Я о ч е н ь п р о ш у и з в и н и т ь м е н я з а о п о з д а н и е , н о
(Please) excuse me/forgive me for ... я н и ч е г о н е мог п о д е л а т ь . Уже с л и ш к о м п о з д н о входить, п ь е с а
I beg your pardon. уже н а ч а л а с ь . П р о с т и , но... Я в с ю н е д е л ю с н е т е р п е н и е м ж д а л а ,
ч т о б ы п о с м о т р е т ь пьесу. Т ы э т о п о н и м а е ш ь ? П о с л у ш а й , д а й м н е
b) How to accept an apology and give reassurance:
в о з м о ж н о с т ь о б ъ я с н и т ь . Я уже с о б р а л с я у й т и , когда п р и ш л а м о я
that's all right/OK. с е с т р а . П о н и м а ю . Я д е й с т в и т е л ь н о о ч е н ь с о ж а л е ю , ч т о т а к полу
don't worry about it. ч и л о с ь с п ь е с о й . Н и ч е г о , мы м о ж е м п о с м о т р е т ь ее в д р у г о й р а з .
Oh, it doesn't matter.
П р о с т и , ч т о я н а б р о с и л а с ь на т е б я . Все в п о р я д к е ( н и ч е г о ) .
never mind.
forget it!
B. Act out the conversation.
Conversation Practice Practice

• Listen, read and practise. /. Work in pairs. A apologizes for something he/she has done or failed
to do and В accepts the apology.
Conversation
A apologizes for В replies that
Sally: O h , Peter, I've b e e n s t a n d i n g here since half past seven! 1. b r e a k i n g B's watch 1. it was an old o n e anyway
W h e r e on e a r t h have you b e e n ? 2. d r o p p i n g ash on B's c a r p e t 2. he/she was going to s h a m p o o it
Peter: I ' m terribly sorry I ' m late, Sally, but I just c o u l d n ' t help s o o n , anyway
it. I got here as s o o n as I could.
3. d a m a g i n g B's roses 3. t h e y were dying, anyway
Sally: Well, it's n o t s o o n e n o u g h , is it? It's t o o late to go in
4. not having p h o n e d last 4. it wasn't really very i m p o r t a n t
now, t h e play h a s already started!
night
Peter: I k n o w ... a n d I ' m sorry but ...
Sally: I've b e e n looking forward to seeing t h e play all week! 5. not s e n d i n g t h e parcel af 5. he/she c a n do it this afternoon
Do you realize t h a t ? All week! ter all
Peter: L o o k , Sally, just give me a c h a n c e to explain, please! 6. n o t helping В with his/her 6. he/she t o o k a taxi
I was about to leave t h e h o u s e w h e n my sister called suitcase
r o u n d . She was i n tears. H e r boyfriend J o h n h a d b e e n 7. being late 7. he/she is n o t in a h u r r y
k n o c k e d d o w n a n d was critically ill. So I c o u l d n ' t just not b r i n g i n g t h e b o o k h e / 8. he/she d o e s n ' t need it at t h e
ОС
rush off without a word, c o u l d I? she lent you moment

Sally: O h , I see. 9. k n o c k i n g over B's vase 9. he/she never really liked it,
Peter: I am sorry about t h e play — really I a m . I k n o w how anyway
m u c h you w a n t e d to see it.
UNIT 20 259
2. Practise with someone using expressions of apology and reassurance

Listening
in the following situations.
1. You accidentally stepped on s o m e o n e ' s foot. A Story about Leoncavallo

2. You accidentally t a k e s o m e o n e ' s d r i n k . T h e famous Italian c o m p o s e r Leoncavallo loved to listen to what
3. You are rude to a friend a n d wish to apologize. people said about his operas.
4. You are late for an a p p o i n t m e n t . O n e evening, w h e n his " P a g l i a c c i " was on he was sitting next to
5. You forgot to t e l e p h o n e a friend. a girl w h o clapped with e n t h u s i a s m . Between claps she looked angrily
6. You b o r r o w e d s o m e o n e ' s b o o k a n d lost it. at t h e g e n t l e m a n sitting next to her w h o d i d n ' t a p p l a u d at all. W h e n
7. You have kept s o m e b o d y waiting. t h e c u r t a i n went d o w n for t h e interval, she asked h i m : " H o w c a n you
8. You haven't d o n e your h o m e w o r k . r e m a i n indifferent? D o n ' t you like i t ? " " N o , it's awful," t h e c o m p o s e r
9. You have i n t e r r u p t e d somebody. answered. " I ' m sorry I c a m e . " "Are y o u ? " she c o n t i n u e d . " I a m , " h e
10. You broke a string on s o m e o n e ' s guitar. c o n t i n u e d . " T h e n you k n o w n o t h i n g about music," t h e girl said angri
11. You d a m a g e d s o m e b o d y ' s stereo. ly. " J u s t listen," t h e c o m p o s e r c o n t i n u e d . " S t o l e n t h e m e s . All stolen.
12. You b o r r o w e d y o u r friend's CD player a n d broke it. T h e first o n e was from Bizet, t h e o n e before from Beethoven. T h e r e
13. You've dialled t h e w r o n g n u m b e r . isn't a single new idea in t h e whole o p e r a . "
T h e girl t u r n e d h e r back on h i m w i t h o u t a further word.
3. Translate into English. At breakfast t h e next m o r n i n g he found t h e local newspaper on his
plate with an article called " L e o n c a v a l l o on his o p e r a 'Pagliacci'." T h e
1. И з в и н и т е , ч т о п о б е с п о к о и л вас. — Н и ч е г о . Все в п о р я д к е . lady r e p o r t e r w h o had sat next to h i m h a d given every word of t h e i r
2. И з в и н и , я о б е щ а л а в е р н у т ь к н и г у с е г о д н я , но я з а б ы л а ее c h a n c e t a l k w h i c h she described as an interview.
д о м а . — Н и ч е г о . П р и н е с е ш ь з а в т р а . 3. И з в и н и , ч т о о п о з д а л . —
Н и ч е г о , м ы успеем. 4 . П р о с т и , ч т о з а р а н е е н е п р е д у п р е д и л а те [~?~| D i d Leoncavallo like to listen to w h a t people said about his
бя о с в о е м п р и е з д е . — Все х о р о ш о . Я всегда р а д а в и д е т ь т е б я . operas? W h e r e did he go once? W h o was siting next to h i m ?
5. П р о с т и , я п о т е р я л т в о й с л о в а р ь . Я к у п л ю тебе н о в ы й . — Не D i d t h e girl like t h e opera? W h y was she looking angrily at t h e
б е с п о к о й с я . У м е н я е с т ь е щ е о д и н с л о в а р ь . 6 . И з в и н и т е з а то, ч т о c o m p o s e r ? W h a t did t h e c o m p o s e r say about his opera? W h a t
з в о н ю в а м т а к п о з д н о . — Н и ч е г о . Я с а м а т о л ь к о ч т о п р и ш л а до did Leoncavallo find in t h e local newspaper t h e next m o r n i n g ?
м о й . 7. И з в и н и , ч т о я не п о м о г л а тебе. — Н и ч е г о , я с п р а в и л а с ь
с а м а . 8. П р о с т и , я з а б ы л а з а й т и за т в о и м п а л ь т о в х и м ч и с т к у . — Mark Twain at the Theatre
Не и м е е т з н а ч е н и я . Ты м о ж е ш ь сделать э т о з а в т р а . 9. Я т а к со M a r k Twain, t h e famous A m e r i c a n writer, was o n c e invited t o a n
ж а л е ю , ч т о р а з б и л а т в о ю л ю б и м у ю вазу. — Забудь о б э т о м . o p e r a by a friend. H i s friend was very rich. He a n d his wife h a d a box
in t h e O p e r a H o u s e . D u r i n g t h e p e r f o r m a n c e his friend's wife kept
4. Read the dialogue and replace the phrases in italics with phrases of t a l k i n g loudly a n d gaily about t h e t h i n g s t h a t h a d n o t h i n g t o d o with
similar meaning. t h e o p e r a . T h e lady probably t h o u g h t she was e n t e r t a i n i n g t h e guest.
She m a d e it impossible for M a r k Twain to follow t h e p e r f o r m a n c e a n d
A: You d i d n ' t ring me up last n i g h t . You said you would.
t o listen t o t h e music. M a r k Twain d i d n ' t k n o w how t o m a k e h e r keep
B: I'm sorry. (I'm so sorry/I do apologize).
quiet or at least speak in whisper. At t h e end of t h e o p e r a t h e lady
A: A n d why were you so r u d e to me at lunch?
t u r n e d to M a r k Twain saying: " M y d e a r M a r k Twain, I w a n t you to
B: Was I? Sorry. I didn't mean to be. (Sorry. It was wrong of me.)
c o m e w i t h us next F r i d a y night. I ' m sure you'll like it. T h e o p e r a will
A: A n d why are you y a w n i n g now? Are you bored? b e ' C a r m e n ' . " " T h a n k you very m u c h , " said M a r k Twain. " T h a t ' l l b e
B: Forgive me, darling. I ' m very tired. (I'm terribly sorry/I'm aw Fine. I've never h e a r d you in ' C a r m e n ' . "
fully sorry.)
[У] W h e r e was M a r k Twain invited? W h y c o u l d n ' t M a r k Twain
5. Someone has said or done things that offend or upset you. Tell him/
follow t h e performance? W h a t did t h e lady say to M a r k Twain
her so. The person will apologize. You will accept the apology.
at t h e end of t h e p e r f o r m a n c e ? W h a t did M a r k Twain answer?
9'
Reading a n d cruelty on t h e stage h a s a bad effect on public morality. C r i m e s

of violence have increased lately. People see these t h i n g s performed
A Visit to the Theatre (2) a n d go out a n d i m i t a t e t h e m . " " T h e r e is no evidence t h a t violence on
"Well," A d r i a n said w h e n they were back at his flat, " w h a t do you t h e stage or on t h e screen influences people's behaviour," A d r i a n said.
want to see t h i s e v e n i n g ? " " I ' m sure it does. A n d in general I d o n ' t like t h i s sort of plays. Let's go
" T h e r e is a play on at t h e Piccadilly T h e a t r e t h a t I'm keen to see," a n d see a musical next t i m e , " Celia said.
Celia said. " W h a t k i n d of p l a y ? " A d r i a n asked. " I t ' s a black comedy.
It's set in a m e n t a l hospital. T h e patients rebel against t h e m e d i c a l
Fluency
authorities a n d take over t h e hospital. T h e rebels are reversed — t h e
patients c h a n g e places with the d o c t o r s . It's a satire on m o d e r n so 1. Answer the questions.
ciety a n d t h e n a t u r e of authority. T h e reviews have b e e n very good.
J o n o t h a n J a r r o t says in t h e " G l o b e " t h a t it is a m e m o r a b l e evening a n d Are you keen on theatre? W h i c h do you prefer: c i n e m a or theatre?
a great theatrical experience. H e ' s a very experienced t h e a t r e critic. Why? W h i c h o f t h e M o s c o w t h e a t r e s d o you like best? W h y ? W h e n
T h e play has a good cast. Liliane Pettigrew is t h e female lead. She did you last go to t h e theatre? D i d you book a ticket in advance? W h a t
plays a hospital nurse w h o falls in love with o n e of t h e patients a n d did you see? W h o was in t h e cast? H o w did you find t h e acting? D i d
t h e n is disillusioned w h e n he b e c o m e s h e a d of t h e hospital. T h e y say you like t h e c o s t u m e s a n d scenery? Was t h e h o u s e full? D i d you have
it's o n e of h e r greatest roles. T h e r e is a strong s u p p o r t i n g cast, t o o . T h e a good seat? Was t h e p e r f o r m a n c e a success? Do you enjoy opera?
play h a s b e e n a considerable box-office success — it's b e e n r u n n i n g for W h i c h do you prefer: o p e r a or ballet? W h a t o p e r a (ballet) did you see
a l m o s t six m o n t h s now." last? D i d you enjoy it? W h a t did you like in p a r t i c u l a r : t h e music? t h e
"Well," A d r i a n said, " w h a t t i m e does t h e p e r f o r m a n c e b e g i n ? " singing? t h e d a n c i n g ? t h e sets? W h o is your favourite actor?
" E i g h t o'clock." " I ' l l t e l e p h o n e t h e box office a n d see if I c a n reserve
2. Speak on:
seats. Shall I ask for stalls or circle?" " S t a l l s , " Celia said. " F r o n t stalls,
if possible. I like being n e a r t h e stage." a) t h e M o s c o w theatres; b) your favourite t h e a t r e , its cast a n d rep
A d r i a n t e l e p h o n e d . All t h e front stalls h a d b e e n t a k e n b u t t h e r e ertoire; c) your last visit to t h e t h e a t r e .
were still a few places in t h e rear stalls. Since t h e reservation was m a d e
by p h o n e , t h e tickets h a d to be picked up half an h o u r before t h e play 3. Act out the following situations.
was d u e t o begin.
1. On your way h o m e you meet a friend of yours. You haven't seen
T h e y arrived at t h e t h e a t r e at about half past seven, collected t h e i r
each o t h e r for a long time. You want to get together o n e day a n d go to
tickets a n d spent a few m i n u t e s c h a t t i n g in t h e t h e a t r e foyer. T h e n
t h e theatre. You choose a p e r f o r m a n c e to see. Your friend offers to buy
they m a d e t h e i r way to t h e stalls e n t r a n c e . An a t t e n d a n t sold t h e m a
tickets. You agree to m e e t at your place on the day of the performance.
p r o g r a m m e a n d showed t h e m t o t h e i r seats. T h e y sat a n d watched the
2. T h e p e r f o r m a n c e is over. You are leaving t h e t h e a t r e . You are
t h e a t r e filling u p .
full of impressions. Your tastes differ.
After t h e p e r f o r m a n c e they went to a nearby p u b .
"Well," A d r i a n said, " w h a t did you t h i n k of i t ? " Write about a performance you enjoyed.
"Terrible," Celia said. "I d i d n ' t like t h e element of cruelty in t h e
play."
"Well, t h a t ' s what life is like," A d r i a n said. "As I see it, t h e t h e a t r e Self Check
h a s got to be realistic a n d deal with c o n t e m p o r a r y issues. It's no use
1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions if necessary.
p r e t e n d i n g t h a t these t h i n g s d o n ' t h a p p e n . Violence a n d cruelty are
features of o u r lives. T h e y c o n c e r n all of u s . " Both Mr a n d M r s S m i t h are keen ... (1) t h e a t r e . ... (2) last night
"I d o n ' t agree," Celia said. " T h e vast majority of people live t h e i r they saw a musical ... (3) the t h e a t r e . T h e y first went ... (4) t h e box of
lives w i t h o u t having such experiences. Except in t h e t h e a t r e . T h e r e ' s fice a n d asked ... (5) two seats ... (6) t h e orchestra. But t h e orchestra
t o o m u c h e m p h a s i s on violence these days. Besides, showing violence seats were sold ... (7) a n d they h a d to take two seats ... (8) t h e first
UNIT 20 263
3. Put the verb in brackets into the most suitable form.

balcony. ... (9) t h e t h e a t r e they presented their tickets ... (10) t h e usher
a n d he t o o k t h e m ... (11) t h e i r seats, which were ... (12) fifth row a n d It (rain) w h e n I (wake) up last Saturday. It always (rain) w h e n I am
he also gave ... (13) t h e m a p r o g r a m m e . not working. We (plan) to go to t h e seaside, but in t h e end we (decide)
T h e S m i t h s enjoyed t h e musical. T h e a c t i n g ... (14) p a r t i c u l a r was to go to t h e t h e a t r e instead. We (miss) t h e bus a n d (arrive) late. We (ar
very good a n d ... (15) t h e end ... (16) e a c h act t h e a u d i e n c e a p p l a u d e d range) to meet J o e outside the t h e a t r e a n d he (wait) for twenty m i n u t e s
... (17) t h e a c t o r s loudly. T h e r e were two intervals ... (18) which Mr w h e n we (get) there. T h e play already (start) w h e n we (go) in.
S m i t h went ... (19) t h e lobby a n d smoked. T h e final c u r t a i n fell... (20) It's M o n d a y again today, a n d I (work) as usual. I (sit) here in t h e
about 11 o'clock. office for t h e last two h o u r s , but I (not, do) m u c h work yet. I (feel) t o o
fed up to work. I already (have) my holiday this year. I (go) to S c o t l a n d
2. Fill in the gaps with articles if necessary. Retell the text.
in July a n d , of course, it (rain) every day. T o m o r r o w I (book) a holiday
T h e r e was o n c e ... (1) rich m a n w h o was very fond of... (2) t h e a t r e . for next April in Spain.
But he lived in ... (3) t o w n where t h e r e were no theatres.
"I have not seen ... (4) really good actor for... (5) long t i m e , " said 4. Translate into English.
... (6) rich m a n o n e day.
— Ты не х о ч е ш ь с х о д и т ь в т е а т р в субботу?
O n e of his friends w h o was also very rich a n d whose life in t h a t
— С у д о в о л ь с т в и е м . Я д а в н о не б ы л в т е а т р е . К а к о й спек
little t o w n was dull for h i m said:
такль ты предлагаешь?
" L e t ' s have ... (7) c o m p e t i t i o n for ... (8) actors a n d give ... (9) good
— Я бы хотел п о с л у ш а т ь «Кармен».
prize for ... (10) best a c t i n g . I'm sure t h a t m a n y good actors of... (11)
c o u n t r y will c o m e t o o u r c o m p e t i t i o n . " — Кто поет партию Кармен?
" T h a t ' s ... (12) good idea," cried ... (13) rich m a n a n d he called — Б е а т а Ганзел.
his servant a n d sent h i m to ... (14) nearest t o w n s to tell ... (15) people — Она прекрасная певица. Ты думаешь, мы сможем к у п и т ь
about ... (16) c o m p e t i t i o n . билеты?
On ... (17) day of ... (18) c o m p e t i t i o n very m a n y people c a m e to — М о й друг о б е щ а л м н е д о с т а т ь д в а б и л е т а .
their t o w n a n d ... (19) t h e a t r e was quite full. T h e r e were m a n y well- — С п а с и б о . О ч е н ь л ю б е з н о с т в о е й с т о р о н ы , ч т о ты пригла
k n o w n actors a n d even some o r d i n a r y people w a n t e d to take p a r t in ... с и л м е н я . Я буду с н е т е р п е н и е м ж д а т ь с п е к т а к л я .
(20) c o m p e t i t i o n a n d get ... (21) prize.
... (22) a c t i n g w h i c h they saw t h a t evening was very g o o d . ... (23)
a c t o r s sang a n d d a n c e d so well that ... (24) rich m a n began to t h i n k
t h a t he h a d to give ... (25) prizes nearly to everybody. At last ... (26)
well-known c o m e d i a n c a m e on ... (27) stage. He began to squeal like
... (28) small pig. ... (29) i m i t a t i o n was so good t h a t everybody t h o u g h t
t h a t he h a d ... (30) real pig u n d e r his coat. ... (31) c o m e d i a n o p e n e d
his coat. T h e r e was n o t h i n g inside it. ... (32) people laughed a n d cried,
" G i v e h i m ... (33) p r i z e . "
T h e n o n e m a n , ... (34) farmer, got up from his seat a n d said t h a t he
could do better t h a n ... (35) c o m e d i a n . He c a m e on ... (36) stage a n d
... (37) people h e a r d ... (38) loud squealing.
" I t ' s n o t h i n g like ... (39) pig! Go away! Give ... (40) prize to ... (41)
c o m e d i a n ! " ...(42) people cried.
... (43) farmer waited ... (44) little, a n d t h e n said: " S t o p shouting,
you ... (45) fools. You did not like my acting because ... (46) o t h e r m a n
is ... (47) well-known actor. N o w look," a n d he o p e n e d his coat a n d
everybody saw t h a t he h a d ... (48) real pig t h e r e . ... (49) squealing was
real t h i s t i m e .
UNIT 21 265
8) after certain nouns and p r o n o u n s (e.g. something, anyone, etc.)

to show that s o m e t h i n g is necessary or possible.
She's got a project to complete.
Unit 21 There's n o t h i n g interesting to talk about.
9) to talk about an unexpected event which c a n be unpleasant,

G R A M M A R : The Infinitive
usually with only.
T h e y ran to the front door only to realize their m o t h e r had already
Illustrative S i t u a t i o n s left.
I. T h e to-infinitive is used: 10) after be + the first/second, etc., next/last/best, etc.
1) with it + be + adjective/noun. She was the last person to leave the building.
It is necessary to leave before dark. 11) in the expressions: to tell you the truth, to be honest, to begin/
It is their d r e a m to reach the South Pole. start with, to sum up, etc.
2) after certain verbs (e.g. agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, To be honest, I don't like K i m very m u c h .
plan, promise, refuse, etc.). Note: If two to-infinitives are joined with and or or, the to of the
We have decided to sell our old car. second infinitive can be omitted.
T h e y promised to visit and tell us all about their trip to Moscow.
3) after verbs and expressions such as ask, learn, explain, decide,
find out, wonder, want to know, etc., when they are followed by q u e s - II. T h e infinitive without to is used:
tion words (who, what, etc.).
1) after m o d a l verbs.
She wanted to know what to do next.
She could speak three languages when she was 14 years old.
4) after would like/would love/would prefer to express specific pref-
erence. 2) after the verbs let, make, have, see, hear and feel.
I would love to have spaghetti for dinner. My father let me stay out late.
T h e y saw her talk to the manager.
5) to express purpose. BUT: be made, be heard, be seen + to-infinitive (passive)
P a m went to the supermarket to buy some eggs. They were m a d e to clean the kitchen.
6) after too/enough. She was seen to talk to the manager.
T h e y aren't fit enough to win the c h a m p i o n s h i p . Note: W h e n see, hear and watch are followed by an -ing form,
there is no change in the passive.
7) after adjectives which: a) describe feelings/emotions (happy, He saw me watering the plants.
glad, etc.), b) express willingness/unwillingness (willing, eager, reluc- I was seen watering the plants.
tant, anxious, etc.), c) refer to a person's character (clever, kind, etc.) Note: can/could + see/hear + -ing form
and the adjectives lucky and fortunate. We could hear people laughing in the flat above.
She was glad to hear the good news.
I was lucky to have met h i m . 3) after had better and would rather.
Note: With adjectives which refer to character we c a n also use an You had better stop eating j u n k food.
impersonal construction. 4) Help is followed by either the to-infinitive or the infinitive with-
It + be + adjective + of + noun/pronoun
out to.
It was kind of you to tell me what to do.
He helped us (to) fix the computer.
UNIT 21 267
1. Is T o m worried about s o m e t h i n g ? He seems ...

Practice 2. D o e s A n n like Jack? She a p p e a r s ...
/. Restate the following sentences, as in the example. 3. Is that m a n looking for s o m e t h i n g ? He a p p e a r s ...
4. H a s t h e c a r broken down? It seems ...
a) It is dangerous to swim here. 5. Have they gone out? T h e y a p p e a r ...
To swim here is dangerous. 6. D o e s he read m u c h ? He seems ...
7. Is Dick looking for his gloves? He seems ...
b) To learn a foreign language is difficult.
8. Have they b e e n sitting here long? T h e y seem ...
It is difficult to learn a foreign language.
9. Are they rich? T h e y a p p e a r ...
1. It was pleasant to rest there. 2. To walk on t h i n ice is dangerous. 10. Is Mr S m i t h walking to work? He seems ...
3. It's nice to see you again. 4. To swim on a hot s u m m e r day is marvel
lous. 5. It's impossible to do it. 6. To be given such an o p p o r t u n i t y is im 5. Complete the sentences with the correct infinitive tense.
p o r t a n t . 7 . To look after the children was her duty. 8. It was her ambition
S h e has grown taller.
to m a r r y h i m . 9. To be e x a m i n e d by a good specialist m e a n t a lot. 10. It's
S h e seems to have grown taller.
a waste of time to sit here. 11. To save money now seems impossible.
12. It is t o o cold to be fishing now. 13. It was stupid to have bought such 1. It is r a i n i n g over t h e r e .
a useless thing. 14. It was very painful to have b e e n treated like that. It seems ...
2. K a t e m a k e s friends easily.
2. Complete the sentences with an infinitive phrase. Do it, as in the She t e n d s ...
example. 3. T h e y have sailed r o u n d t h e world.
T h e y c l a i m ...
Her ambition is ... .
4. He is on a diet.
Her ambition is to become an actress.
He a p p e a r s ...
1. O u r plan was ... . 2. T h e m a i n problem is ... . 3. T h e first t h i n g 5. He is working h a r d .
he did was ... . 4. W h a t I want is ... . 5. O u r o n l y c h a n c e to see h i m is He p r e t e n d s ...
... . 6. T h e only way out was ... . 7. Your d u t y is ... . 8. My greatest wish 6. She saw h i m yesterday.
is ... . 9. H e r d r e a m is ... . She c l a i m s ...
7. He is telling t h e t r u t h .
3. Match columns A and В to make sentences.
He seems ...
It's not easy for old people to climb stairs 8. T h e letters have b e e n signed.
T h e letters seem ...
A В
9. T h e y d o n ' t understand anything.
1. It's quite easy for D u t c h people to t o learn English,
T h e y claim ...
2. It's n o t safe in s o m e cities for w o m e n to learn languages,
10. She was reading a newspaper.
3. It's d a n g e r o u s for inexperienced people to climb mountains,
She p r e t e n d e d ...
4. It's not difficult for y o u n g c h i l d r e n to m a k e friends,
5. It c a n be difficult in a big city to go out alone at night. 6. Put the verb in brackets into the correct infinitive form.
4. Make sentences with seem and appear. 1. J o h n c a n ' t afford (go) on holiday this year, but he i n t e n d s (save
up) so t h a t he c a n m a n a g e (travel) a r o u n d E u r o p e next s u m m e r . 2. T h e
a) Is he waiting for someone? two m e n a p p e a r e d (try) to break i n t o the building when t h e police ar
He appears to be waiting for someone. rived. 3. He n e e d s (win) this g a m e to stay in the m a t c h . 4. J a n e h o p e d
(give) t h e prize, but s o m e o n e else won it. 5. Do you h a p p e n (know) t h e
b) H a s she lost weight?
time? 6. Peter claims (choose) as t h e best well-dressed m a n of t h e year.
She seems to have lost weight.
7. Carol is t o o ill to go to work today. She has m a n a g e d (drink) s o m e 10. In pairs, say what your parents (don't) let or (don't) make you do
tea a n d now she w a n t s (sleep). H e r h u s b a n d offered (call) the doctor, using the prompts below.
but C a r o l would prefer (wait) a n d see if she feels better tomorrow. 8. He
seemed (swim). He was all wet. 9. Young children often ask (take) to SA: My parents don't let me watch TV late at night.
t h e zoo. 10. Stop p r e t e n d i n g (eat) your food — just finish it up, please. S B : My parents make me study hard.
11. He failed (keep) t h e a p p o i n t m e n t . 12. "I h a p p e n e d (pass) my driv
ing test two years ago, you know," he said. 13. Paul h a d his driving test Prompts:
watch TV late at night tidy my room
today. He tried (make/not) any mistakes. 14. Listen carefully because
study hard invite friends h o m e
I d o n ' t want ( m i s u n d e r s t a n d ) . 15. A n n claimed (invite) to T o m Cruise's
go to parties at the weekend have breakfast every morning
w e d d i n g while she was in A m e r i c a . 16. T h e film proved (be) interest
wear anything 1 want play music loud
ing. 17. I c a n ' t p h o n e her after m i d n i g h t . She w o n ' t like (wake up).
do homework every night help at home
18. Helen p r e t e n d e d (be) ill. 19. I expect (meet) at t h e a i r p o r t .
do the washing up get up early on Sundays
7. Complete the sentences using the most suitable words from the box.
//. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
what/do how/make what/wear
whether/stay how/spell Note: m a k e (= force), have (= ask), get (= p e r s u a d e )
"Could you tell me how to get to Western Road, please?" 1. T h e d o c t o r m a d e t h e patient ... in bed. (stay) 2. T h e t e a c h e r h a d
"Yes. Go down this road and it's second on the left." t h e class ... a 2000-word research paper, (write) 3. D o n got some kids
in the n e i g h b o u r h o o d ... out his garage, (clean) 4. I m a d e my son ... t h e
1. " H a v e you decided ... to t h e interview?" "Yes, I ' m going to wear
windows before he could go outside to play, (wash) 5. I got M a r y ... me
my new blue suit." 2. " C o u l d you tell me ... your n a m e please?" 3. W h a t
some m o n e y so I could go to a movie last night, (lend ) 6. Peeling on
are you going to do t h i s e v e n i n g ? " "I c a n ' t decide ... at h o m e or go o u t . "
ions always makes me ... (cry) 7. Teachers s o m e t i m e s have t h e i r students
4. Do you know ... a Spanish omelette? 5. I felt very embarrassed w h e n
... after classes, (stay). 8. Tom Sawyer was supposed to p a i n t t h e fence,
she started shouting. I d i d n ' t know so I just stood there.
but he d i d n ' t want to do it. He was a very clever boy. S o m e h o w he got
8. Complete the sentences using an object + to-infinitive after the his friends ... it for h i m . (do) 9. I had my brother ... my suitcase, (carry)
verbs.
12. Rephrase the sentences using to-infinitive instead of that.
1. Take out a loan. My b a n k m a n a g e r advised me to take out a loan.
2. She d i d n ' t peel t h e p o t a t o e s . You d i d n ' t tell ... . 3. We work h a r d . People know that he is an honest man.
O u r t e a c h e r t a u g h t ... . 4. T h e soldiers fired. T h e officer o r d e r e d . . . . People know him to be an honest man.
5. T h e public should not a p p r o a c h t h i s m a n . T h e police have w a r n e d
1. I believe t h a t she is guilty. 2. I found t h a t the j o b was t o o dif
... . 6. My wife a n d I play t e n n i s . My boss invited ... . 7. You may take
ficult. 3. I k n o w t h a t she has an interest in t h e c o m p a n y . 4. I i m a g i n e
my car. He allowed ... . 8. At first I d i d n ' t w a n t to play but Jack per
t h a t he works very h a r d . 5. T h e t e a c h e r c o n s i d e r e d t h a t my answer was
s u a d e d m e . Jack p e r s u a d e d ... . 9. You should tell t h e police about t h e
i n a d e q u a t e . 6. I felt t h a t it was t r u e . 7. I suppose t h a t t h e m a t t e r is
accident. She advised ... . 10. C o u l d you please post t h i s letter? She
urgent. 8. I t h i n k he is a bore.
asked ... . 11. D o n ' t forget to buy some sugar. She r e m i n d e d ... .
13. Read each sentence. Then make two new sentences in the passive
9. Complete the sentences so that they refer to other people.
beginning with the words and word combinations in brackets.
1. I d o n ' t w a n t to speak to t h e manager. I w a n t you to speak to
h i m . 2. She d o e s n ' t expect to pay. She expects ... . 3. I d o n ' t w a n t to People expect that taxes will be reduced soon.
write to t h e m . I'd like ... . 4. 1 d o n ' t w a n t a n y o n e to k n o w about it. (It) (Taxes)
I'd h a t e ... . 5. I c a n ' t do t h e j o b myself. I n e e d ... . 6. I d o n ' t w a n t to a) It is expected that taxes will be reduced soon.
p h o n e T o m . I'd prefer . . . . b) Taxes are expected to be reduced soon.
U N I T 21 271
1. People say t h a t this m o n u m e n t is over 2000 years old.

16. Make sentences using the clauses of purpose introduced by so
(It) ( T h e m o n u m e n t )
that.
2. We expect that she will be given t h e prize.
(It) (She) I hurried. I didn't want to be late.
3. People t h i n k t h a t t h e fire started at about 8 o'clock. I hurried so that I wouldn't be late.
(It) ( T h e fire)
1. We wore w a r m coats. We d i d n ' t want to get cold. 2. I spoke very
4. Journalists reported that seven people had been injured in the fire.
slowly. I w a n t e d t h e m a n to u n d e r s t a n d what I said. 3. I whispered.
(It) (Seven people)
I d i d n ' t want anyone to h e a r o u r conversation. I . . . no o n e ... . 4. Please
5. T h e y say prices will rise a g a i n this m o n t h .
arrive early. We want to be able to start t h e m e e t i n g on t i m e . 5. She
(It) (Prices)
locked t h e door. She d i d n ' t w a n t to be d i s t u r b e d . 6. I'll give you my
6. People consider t h a t he is honest a n d reliable.
t e l e p h o n e n u m b e r . You c a n p h o n e me at work. 7. Take s o m e s u n t a n
(It) ( H e )
c r e a m . T h e n you won't get s u n b u r n t . 8. Speak louder. T h e n G r a n n y
7. We suppose t h a t he is an expert in financial m a t t e r s .
(It) ( H e ) c a n h e a r you.
8. People know t h a t this place is famous for its lakes.
17. Complete the sentences using the to-infinitive form of the verbs
(It) ( T h i s place)
from the box.
9. We expect t h a t he will win t h e race tomorrow.
(It) (He) do say unlock catch wear eat write tell discuss see stay in
10. T h e police k n o w t h a t she is h i d i n g somewhere in t h e city. remember translate wash know ask read
(It) (She)
1. Have you got a key ... this door? 2. C a n we meet today? I've got
11. T h e y believe t h a t t h e missing jewellery has b e e n found.
s o m e t h i n g i m p o r t a n t ... you. 3. I ' m staying at h o m e t h i s evening. I've
(It) ( T h e missing jewellery)
got s o m e letters ... . 4. " W h y are you so q u i e t ? " "I haven't got a n y t h i n g
14. Use the words in brackets to answer the following questions. ... ." 5. I n e e d some new clothes ... to t h e party. 6. I really must go now.
I've got a t r a i n ... . 7. T h e y h a d a lot of t h i n g s ... . 8. T h e r e is so m u c h
— Why did you go out? (buy some bread) work for us ... . 9. T h i s is a good film for you ... . 10. T h e r e are a lot of
— I went out to buy some bread. d i s h e s . . . . 11. He h a s a friend ... for advice. 12. T h e r e are a lot of b o o k s
1. W h y do you have to go to t h e b a n k ? (change s o m e money) for you ... . 13. T h e r e is news for you ... . 14. T h e r e are some t h i n g s for
2. W h y did she k n o c k on your door? (wake me up) 3. W h y are you sav you ... . 15. I've got an article ... . 16. H e r e are some rules ... . 17. T h i s
ing money? (go to C a n a d a ) 4. W h y is R o n going to hospital? (have an is a g o o d hotel . . . .
operation) 5. W h y are you wearing two pullovers? (keep w a r m ) 6. W h y
did you go to the police station? (report t h a t my c a r h a d b e e n stolen) 18. Complete the sentences with infinitives.
I was glad ... a letter from you.

15. Join each idea in A with an idea from B. Make sentences using (a)
I was glad to get a letter from you.
in order (not) to and (b) so as (not) to.
1. I was d e l i g h t e d ... an invitation to t h e party. 2. Sue is lucky
(a) He drank lots of black coffee in order to keep awake.
... alive after t h e a c c i d e n t . 3. T h e c h i l d r e n a r e a n x i o u s ... to t h e cir
(b) He drank lots of black coffee so as to keep awake.
cus. 4. T h e t e a c h e r is always willing ... us. 5. Sally is afraid ... h o m e
А В a l o n e . 6. I was s u r p r i s e d ... Mr Y a m a m o t o at t h e m e e t i n g . 7. We
1. I often write t h i n g s d o w n disturb t h e n e i g h b o u r s were sorry ... t h e b a d news. 8. A n n is p r o u d ... t h e t o p s t u d e n t in h e r
2. She t o o k an umbrella save t i m e class. 9. I was d i s a p p o i n t e d ... t h a t you c a n ' t c o m e skiing after all.
3. I'll use t h e c o m p u t e r get a better j o b 10. D i c k d i d n ' t feel like going a n y w h e r e . He was c o n t e n t . . . h o m e a n d
4. I want to pass t h e e x a m s forget t h e m ... a b o o k . 11. I was h a p p y ... my friend at t h e a i r p o r t . 12. I am eager
5. He t u r n e d down t h e music get wet ... on v a c a t i o n next week.
19. Respond to the following statements using the words in brackets. 1. T h e novel is boring, (read) 2. She is a c h a r m i n g girl, (look at)
— He lent me t h e money, (kind) 3. He is a shallow m a n . (deal with) 4. She is good at d a n c i n g , I must
— It was kind of h i m to lend you t h e money. say. ( d a n c e with) 5. My friend looks altogether a new girl after t h e trip,
(recognize) 6. J a n e is a very clever girl, (talk to) 7. T h e passage is t o o
1.1 forgot my keys, (careless) 2. She sent me a b i r t h d a y card, (nice) long, ( l e a r n by heart) 8. She is an easy-going person, (please) 9. T h e
3. I o p e n e d your letter, (wrong) 4. I found t h e answer, (clever) 5. He
bicycle is broken, (repair)
w a r n e d m e . (kind) 6. He left t h e firm, (stupid) 7. He h a d a n o t h e r
d r i n k , (foolish) 8. T h e y waited for m e . (good) 9. She j u m p e d i n t o t h e 23. Make sentences, as in the example.
river to save t h e child, (brave)
I find it difficult to work with a computer.
20. Respond to the following statements.
I find it interesting to play chess.
a) A: You sat on the grass, I suppose? (wet/dry) He finds it useful to study English.
B: N o , it was too wet to sit on.
difficult to work on a farm,
Or:
easy to drive a car.
N o , it was too wet for us to sit on.
to c o m b i n e work a n d study,
b) B: Yes, it was dry enough to sit on.
to sleep in t h e o p e n air.
Yes, it was dry enough for us to sit on.
to play cards.
... I suppose?
1. You slept in t h e cave, (wet/dry) 2. He walked on t h e ice. ( t h i n / 24. Make sentences using the word combination be the first (last,
thick) 3. You ate t h e apple, (sour/sweet) 4. He wore his blue suit, (shab etc.). Use the words and word combinations below.
by/smart) 5. T h e plane landed on t h e sand, (soft/hard) 6. You d r a n k
the coffee, (hot/cool) 7. He picked up the sack of potatoes, (heavy/light) the first/to leave
8. You sat on the floor, (dirty/clean) 9. You put your umbrella in your He was the first to leave
suitcase, (long/short) 10. She h a n d e d in h e r exercise, (untidy/tidy)
t h e last/to get off; t h e first/to greet h i m ; t h e next/to start; t h e last/
21. Join the following sentences twice: a) with enough, b) with too. t o b o a r d t h e t r a i n ; t h e t h i r d / t o answer; t h e first/to help m e ; t h e last/
to c o m e ; t h e first/to finish t h e text; t h e n e x t / t o sing
I'm not strong. I can't lift it.
a) I'm not strong enough to lift it. 25. Make sentences using likely, certain and sure + infinitive.
b) I'm too weak to lift it.
He is likely to arrive before dawn.
1. I ' m n o t rich. I c a n ' t afford o n e . 2. She isn't old. She c a n ' t drive
He is not likely to come.
a car. 3. I wasn't interested. I d i d n ' t watch t h e film. 4. T h e pie is very
She is certain to get a scholarship.
hot. I c a n ' t eat it. 5. T h e film was boring. I d i d n ' t w a t c h it. 6. You c a n ' t
He is sure to marry her.
t o u c h t h e ceiling. You're short. 7. I c a n buy t h i s sweater. It's cheap.
8. You c a n walk to school alone. You aren't t o o young. 9. T h e exercise 26. Complete the sentences using would rather or had better.
is easy. I c a n do it.
1. T h e knife is very s h a r p . You ... be careful w h e n you use it. 2. T h e
22. Agree or disagree with the following. p h o n e is ringing. I ... answer it. 3. " W o u l d you like a c u p of t e a ? " "I
... have coffee." 4. " W h y d o n ' t we have d i n n e r n o w ? " "I t h i n k we ...
a) A: John is a bad-tempered man. (deal with)
wait until later." 5. We're late. We ... hurry. 6. " W o u l d you like to go
В: I don't agree with you. He is very pleasant to deal with.
out this e v e n i n g ? " "I ... stay at h o m e " . 7. T h i s knife is very s h a r p . You
b) A: This is a very rare stamp. ... be careful when you use it. 8. " S h a l l we walk or go by c a r ? " "I ...
B: Quite s o . It's so hard to get. walk t h a n go by car."
UNIT 21 275
29. Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. Do it, as in

27. Put the verb in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing
the example.
form.
1. A: Is A n n in t h e r o o m ? A: Why didn't you go to the concert?

B: Yes. I c a n see h e r (dance) w i t h h e r h u s b a n d over t h e r e . В: I (want/not). I didn't want to.
2. A: D i d you see t h e robber? 1. I haven't w r i t t e n to my p a r e n t s yet t h i s week, b u t I ( i n t e n d ) .

B: Yes. I saw h i m (get) i n t o t h e c a r a n d (drive) away. 2. D i d J a n e enjoy t h e p a r t y ? She (seem). 3. I'd like to buy fresh flowers
for my desk every day, but I c a n ' t (afford). 4. I've never e a t e n at t h a t
3. A: Is J o h n here today? r e s t a u r a n t , b u t I (would like). 5. O h ! I ' m sorry I closed t h e d o o r in your
B: Yes. I h e a r d h i m ((talk) on t h e p h o n e as I walked past his face! I ( m e a n / n o t ) . 6. I d o n ' t play with toys any m o r e b u t I (use). 7. I
office. haven't invited Bob yet, b u t I (be going).
4. A: C o l i n is g o o d at s p e a k i n g in public, isn't he?
B: Yes. I heard h i m (make) a speech last m o n t h . It was excel Fluency
lent.
T Study and practise the following jokes.
5. A: I walked past t h e sports c e n t r e today.
B: So did I, a n d I s t o p p e d for a m o m e n t to w a t c h s o m e boys 1. A famous English d o c t o r hated to h e a r his patients speak about
(play) football. t h e i r illnesses. H e always asked t h e m t o b e brief a n d t o t h e p o i n t . O n c e
a w o m a n w h o h a d b u r n t her h a n d c a m e t o c o n s u l t h i m . She did h e r
6. A: Your h a i r looks great today.
best to be laconic. She showed t h e d o c t o r her h a n d a n d said, "A b u r n . "
B: T h a n k s . I w a t c h e d t h e hairdresser (set) it so I could l e a r n
" A c o m p r e s s , " was t h e d o c t o r ' s reply. T h e next day t h e w o m a n c a m e
h o w to do it myself.
again a n d asked, " Y o u r fee?" " N o n e , " said t h e doctor. " I ' d like all my
7. A: T h a t ' s a music school, isn't it? p a t i e n t s to be as sensible as you are, m a d a m . "
B: T h a t ' s right. I often h e a r t h e students (sing) as I walk past.
2. T h e old g e n t l e m a n s e e m e d to feel sorry for t h e t r a m p .
8. A: D i d you stay u n t i l t h e e n d of t h e contest? " G o o d n e s s ! " he cried. "And you say you're 15,000 miles from h e r e ? "
B: Yes. I listened to t h e c h a i r m a n ( a n n o u n c e ) t h e results before " T h a t ' s all right, sir," answered t h e m a n hopefully. " A n d where's your
I went h o m e . h o m e ? " "Australia." " T a k e t h i s , m y good m a n . A n d how d o you expect
t o get b a c k ? " T h e t r a m p looked a t t h e p e n n y i n his h a n d . "Well, i f
9. A: H o w do you k n o w T i m is at h o m e ?
I d o n ' t do b e t t e r t h a n t h i s , I suppose, I'll have to walk."
В: I saw h i m (cut) t h e grass as I was driving h o m e .
3. John: Hello, Bob, old boy. It's ages since I saw you last.
10. A: H o w do you k n o w t h a t m a n stole t h e watch?
I w a n t you to k n o w t h a t I even spoke to you in my
В: I saw h i m (put) it in his pocket a n d leave t h e s h o p w i t h o u t
paying. dream.
Bob: Sorry, but I d i d n ' t h e a r you speak.
28. Study and practise the following sentences. Make similar sentences
beginning with why. 4. Mother: It's t i m e to go to b e d , baby.
Baby: Why, m u m m y ! You always m a k e me go to b e d w h e n
1. W h y t r y on t h i s suit if it isn't your size? 2. We are going on a I d o n ' t w a n t to sleep, a n d you w a n t me to get up w h e n
p i c n i c . W h y not j o i n us? 3. W h y send t h e m a telegram? It will never I ' m quite sleepy.
reach t h e m in t i m e . 4. W h y give h i m t h i s job? He is hardly fit for it.
5. T h e w e a t h e r is marvellous. W h y not go for a walk? 6. W h y discuss 5. A very talkative youth w a n t e d Socrates to t e a c h h i m oratory. He
it any longer if everything is clear? 7. W h y invite t h e m to t h e p a r t y ? expected t h e p h i l o s o p h e r to work wonders, for in his case t h e t e a c h e r
T h e y w o n ' t c o m e anyway. 8. W h y not write to her? 9. W h y b e g i n t h i s would deal with an exceptionally gifted p u p i l with w h o m t a l k i n g was
work if t h e r e isn't any t i m e left? s e c o n d n a t u r e . H e begged Socrates t o h e a r h i m speak o n some subject.
Socrates let h i m t a l k as m u c h as he liked a n d t h e n said, " I ' l l have to 13. Son: I'm really bored. I've got n o t h i n g to do.
charge you double, for I'll have to teach you two sciences: how to speak Mother: You're lucky! I've got t h e kitchen to clean,
a n d how t o hold your t o n g u e . " t h e d i n n e r t o cook a n d t h e s h o p p i n g t o d o !
W h y d o n ' t you help me? You could m a k e a
6. Young John: I saw you kissing my sister, Mr Brown. Would you
cake.
like me to keep silent on t h e t h e m a t t e r ?
Son: T h a t ' s all right. I've just found a c o m i c to
Mr Brown: C e r t a i n l y , my boy! H e r e is a sixpence. A n d I ex
read.
p e c t you to keep it a secret.
Young John: A sixpence? Do you really expect me to keep it a 14. Young housewife: W h a t do you t h i n k of t h a t h o m e - m a d e j a m
secret for a sixpence? I got two shillings for n o t tart? Please tell me frankly w h e t h e r you like
telling I saw Mr J o n e s kissing her. it or not.
Old neighbour: I am always frank w h e n t h i n g s to eat or to
7. Mrs B: W h y are you so particularly fond of t a l k i n g to
d r i n k are t h e m a t t e r i n question.
Miss H.? She is a pretty w o m a n , I w o n ' t say any
Young housewife: T h a t ' s nice of you! So what c a n you say about
t h i n g against it. But everybody knows what a fool
t h a t little j a m t a r t I have m a d e ?
she is.
Old neighbour: Well, I ' m sure it's good stuff to catch flies
Mr N: To tell t h e t r u t h , I like to see h e r talk.
with.
8. A landlord is said to have sent t h e following message to his stew
15. Married man: You are a bachelor with no family to take
ard: "Tell my t e n a n t s t h a t no t h r e a t s to kill you are likely to frighten
care of. You have only yourself to please.
m e . T h e y are sure to pay t h e rent w h e n they realize it."
Bachelor: So far you are right, but d o n ' t t h i n k it's an
9. A y o u n g m a n h a d b e e n t a l k i n g to his friend about his future easy task to perform.
bride. T h e friend kept silent all t h e while. W h e n at last t h e y o u n g lover Married man: I d o n ' t see what you m e a n .
asked h i m his o p i n i o n he said, " W h a t am I expected to say? Love is Bachelor: I m e a n I am a person h a r d to please.
said to be blind. But t h e s t a t e m e n t seems to be completely wrong. F o r
16. C h a r l e s L a m b used to say t h a t he h a t e d looking at m o n k e y s .
some fellows in love a p p e a r to see m o r e virtues in t h e i r sweethearts
W h e n he was asked t h e reason for it he answered, " O n e ' s p o o r rela
t h a n a n y o t h e r people are ever likely t o . "
tions are not always a pleasant sight to look a t . "
10. Alec: I d o n ' t k n o w where to go a n d what to d o .
17. Boarder: Waiter, give me a clean towel to wipe my
George: W h y d o n ' t you go to t h e c i n e m a ? T h e r e are a
h a n d s with.
couple of good films on at t h e m o m e n t .
Waiter: W o n ' t t h i s towel do?
Alec: T h a t ' s a n o t h e r p r o b l e m . I d o n ' t k n o w w h i c h to
Boarder: C e r t a i n l y not, it could do as a rag to clean
see. I d o n ' t k n o w w h e t h e r to c h o o s e " S t a r W a r s "
my shoes with.
o r " L o v e Story".
Waiter: Well, you are t o o particular, sir, if you find it
11. Jill: H i , Sally. I've c o m e to show you my new records. dirty. All o u r b o a r d e r s have b e e n using it for
I went to buy a sweater, but t h e n I h e a r d t h i s re no e n d of t i m e a n d you are t h e first m a n to
c o r d playing. find fault with it. I have never seen a b o a r d e r
Sally: I suppose when you go to buy r e c o r d s you usually so h a r d to please.
c o m e out of t h e s h o p with clothes!
18. D u r i n g vacation t i m e a schoolboy m a d e up his m i n d to write a
12. Chris: You were very k i n d to lend me your bike. I was letter to his friend. He sat down at his writing table a n d wrote: " D e a r
j u s t t o o lazy to walk all t h e way to t h e b a n k . Bill!" He t h o u g h t a bit a n d c o n t i n u e d : " I ' m writing to you b e c a u s e
Tom: T h a t ' s all right. N o w you c a n be good e n o u g h to I have n o t h i n g to d o . " After t h a t he t h o u g h t a great deal a n d a d d e d at
pay m e t h e m o n e y t h a t you owe m e . last: " I ' m afraid I must stop writing b e c a u s e I have n o t h i n g to say."
UNIT 21 279
Self Check
locked. 57. W h y ( p h o n e / n o t ) Dr G r e e n ? I'm sure he will help. 58. He
/. Use the infinitive in the correct form. is said (injure) in an accident. 59. He h o p e s (give) a pay rise soon.
60. She a p p e a r s (study) at t h e m o m e n t .
1. He p r e t e n d e d (look for) a book. 2. I consider h i m (be) t h e best
c a n d i d a t e . 3. "I h a p p e n (be) her lawyer a n d she t e l e p h o n e d to m e , " 2. Translate into English.
I said to t h e m a n . 4. T h e child seems (be) missing for about t h r e e
weeks. 5. You are supposed (know) t h e laws of your own country. 1. Т р у д н о и з у ч а т ь и н о с т р а н н ы й я з ы к . 2. С т у д е н т а м в а ж н о
6. Riley offered (drive) i n t o town a n d get some coffee. 7. H i s sister-in- в ы п о л н я т ь д о м а ш н е е задание. 3. Н а ш долг — помогать старым
law certainly n e e d e d (look after). 8. H e r b r o t h e r was r e p o r t e d (be) alive л ю д я м . 4. М о я м е ч т а с е й ч а с — р ы б а ч и т ь где-нибудь в неболь
in E u r o p e . 9. "You were seen (take) t h e ring." "I took it b u t I d i d n ' t ш о й д е р е в е н ь к е . 5. Я не могу себе п о з в о л и т ь к у п и т ь т а к у ю доро
steal it." 10. T h e only t h i n g to do was (explain) w h o she was. 11. M a r y гую вещь. 6. М н е н у ж н о знать твое мнение. 7. Он притворился,
t e n d e d (be) upset by her failures. 12. He prefers (know) by t h e n a m e of что спит. 8. Он, кажется, знает этот предмет хорошо. 9. О н , п о -
J o h n . 13. He is t h o u g h t (hide) in t h e woods. 14. Bob asked (show) to a в и д и м о м у , не з н а е т ф р а н ц у з с к о г о я з ы к а . 10. Я у б е д и л его п о м о ч ь
r o o m where he could wash a n d c h a n g e his clothes. 15. Do you expect ей. 11. Не з а с т а в л я й его т а к н а п р я ж е н н о р а б о т а т ь . 12. Я напом
me (explain) it? 16. T h e n I saw h i m (leave) t h e r o o m , (get) i n t o his н и л а с е с т р е , ч т о б ы о н а п р и н е с л а м о й с л о в а р ь . 13. М н е р а з р е ш и
c a r a n d (drive) away. 17. He ordered a bottle of beer a n d s o m e cheese л и п о л ь з о в а т ь с я б и б л и о т е к о й . 14. М о я м а т ь н е р а з р е ш и л а м н е
(to send) to his r o o m . 18. W h e n they were getting into t h e car, he was к у п а т ь с я . 15. Е г о з а с т а в и л и п р и й т и . 16. Я хочу, ч т о б ы его с т а т ь я
heard (wish) g o o d luck to t h e girl. 19. He was found (be) a well-read б ы л а о п у б л и к о в а н а . 17. Я с ч и т а ю , ч т о э т о т в о п р о с о ч е н ь в а ж н ы й .
m a n . 20. We ought to have t h e d o c t o r (examine) her. 21. I c o u l d n ' t 18. Говорят, ч т о э т о т д о м б ы л п о с т р о е н о к о л о двухсот л е т н а з а д .
get t h e c a r (start) this m o r n i n g . 22. I wasn't p r e p a r e d to let h i m (go 19. С о о б щ а л о с ь , ч т о д е л е г а ц и я п р и б у д е т н о ч ь ю . 20. Я в с т а л в
out) alone. 23. T h e y were m a d e (clean) t h e kitchen. 24. I shall try to ш е с т ь ч а с о в , ч т о б ы н е о п о з д а т ь н а у т р е н н и й п о е з д . 21. Я п р и ш е л ,
m a k e t h e t h i n g (work). 25. T h e y w a t c h e d R i t a (return) after a t i m e . ч т о б ы п р о с т и т ь с я с в а м и . 22. Я р а д , ч т о п о с л у ш а л с я в а ш е г о со
26. Tickets are likely (be) expensive. 27. I'd rather (go) for a walk t h a n вета. 23. О ч е н ь г л у п о с его с т о р о н ы б ы л о в е с т и с е б я п о д о б н ы м
(do) n o t h i n g at all. 28. She w a n t e d to k n o w what (do) next. 29. You о б р а з о м . 24. О н у ш е л и з л а б о р а т о р и и п о с л е д н и м . 25. Б ы л о недо
were clever (believe/not) h i m . 30. I was lucky (meet) h i m . 31. T h e y are с т а т о ч н о т е п л о , ч т о б ы к у п а т ь с я . 26. Е м у т р у д н о у г о д и т ь . 27. О н
believed (land) in A m e r i c a . 32. Alice d i d n ' t expect (invite) to Bill's о ч е н ь х о р о ш о т а н ц у е т . С н и м п р и я т н о т а н ц е в а т ь . 28. Я н а э т о й
party. 33. T o m m a d e a m i s t a k e at work, but his boss d i d n ' t fire h i m . неделе буду з а н я т , у м е н я м н о г о дел. 29. У в а с е с т ь д р у з ь я , кото
He is lucky (give) a second c h a n c e . 34. We are still waiting for t h e m р ы е с м о г л и бы в а м п о м о ч ь ? 30. Я не з н а ю , где к у п и т ь э т о т сло
(reply). 35. She p r e t e n d e d (know/not) m e . 36. T h e light is t o o weak в а р ь . 31. Я н и к о г д а н е с л ы ш а л , к а к о н г о в о р и т п о - ф р а н ц у з с к и .
(read) by. 37. He did not h e a r t h e c a r (arrive). 38. He h a d p e r s u a d e d 32. Я в и д е л , ч т о у д в е р и о с т а н о в и л о с ь т а к с и . 33. З а в т р а погода,
me (go) with h i m to V i e n n a for a few days. 39. I just w a n t s o m e t h i n g в е р о я т н о , и з м е н и т с я . 34. О н а о б я з а т е л ь н о п р и м е т у ч а с т и е в со
(do), s o m e t h i n g (keep) myself busy. 40. H a r r y was t h e first (hear) t h e р е в н о в а н и я х . 35. М а л о в е р о я т н о , ч т о о н и з а к о н ч а т с в о ю р а б о т у
news. 41. T h e keeper told us (feed/not) t h e m o n k e y s . 42. I d o n ' t w a n t до к о н ц а м а я . 36. Я о ч е н ь устал. Я бы п р е д п о ч е л о с т а т ь с я д о м а
to speak to t h e m a n a g e r , I w a n t you (speak) to h i m . 43. He claimed с е г о д н я в е ч е р о м . 37. Ф и л ь м н а ч и н а е т с я ч е р е з д е с я т ь м и н у т . Н а м
(meet) me before. 44. It's silly of t h e m (take/not) p a r t in local life. б ы л у ч ш е п о т о р о п и т ь с я . 38. О н у т в е р ж д а л , ч т о в и д е л е е в т е а т р е .
45. Will you help me (move) t h e bookcase? 46. He is expected (ar 39. Р е б е н о к с л и ш к о м м а л , ч т о б ы п о н я т ь т в о ю ш у т к у . 40. П о ч е м у
rive) in a few days. 47. He is said (be) t h e best surgeon in t h e country. бы н а м не с х о д и т ь в р е с т о р а н с е г о д н я в е ч е р о м ? 41. Я е щ е не гово
48. I saw t h e driver (open) t h e w i n d o w a n d (throw) a box i n t o t h e р и л с н и м , н о с о б и р а ю с ь . 42. Я о ж и д а л а , ч т о о н п о м о ж е т м н е .
bushes. 49. He is sure (win) a scholarship. 50. We shouted (warn) ev
eryone of t h e danger. 51. T h e c a r is easy (drive). 52. T h e exercise is t o o
difficult for me (do). 53. D a n a p p e a r s (lose) s o m e weight. H a s he b e e n
ill? 54. You'd better (stop) eating j u n k food. 55. He seems (wait) for a
long t i m e . 56. He rushed to t h e back d o o r only (discover) t h a t it was
UNIT 22 281
6. A: Hello?
B: Hello. Is Dick there?
A: Yes, he is.
B: C a n I speak to h i m ?
A: Just a m i n u t e . I'll get h i m .
Unit 22
7. A: Hello. D e a n Black's office.
TOPIC: Telephoning B: Could I speak to D e a n Black?
A: May I ask w h o is calling?
B: Susan Abbott.
Illustrative Dialogues A: Just a m o m e n t , M r s Abbott. I'll c o n n e c t you.
T Study and practise the model dialogues, make similar dialogues 8. A: Hello?
on the topic "Telephoning". B: Hi. T h i s is Bob. C a n I speak to Steve?
A: Sure. H a n g on.
1. A: Hello, 69077 (six-nine-oh-double seven).
B: Hello, it's (Susan Roberts) here. C a n I speak to J o h n , 9. A: G o o d afternoon. Dr Anderson's office. C a n I help you?
please? B: Yes. I'd like to make an a p p o i n t m e n t with Dr A n d e r s o n .
A: Speaking. A: Fine. Is Friday m o r n i n g at ten all right?
B: Yes. T h a n k you.
2. A: Hello, 33467.
A: Your name?
B: O h , hello, M r s Gibson. It's A d a m here. C a n I speak to
Laura? 10. A: Hello?
A: I ' m afraid she's out. B: Hello. M a y I speak to Emily?
B: O h , that's a nuisance. A: She's not at h o m e right now. C a n I take a message?
A: C a n I take a message? B: No t h a n k s . I'll call back later.
B: N o , t h a n k s . Just tell her I p h o n e d a n d I'll call back later. 1 1 . A: Hello.
A: O K . I'll do that. Bye for now. B: Hello. C a n I speak to Mary?
B: Bye. A: She's not here right now.
3. A: Hello. B: Oh, could I leave a message?
B: Could I speak to Mr Ivanov? A: Certainly. Just a m i n u t e . I have to get a pen.
A: W h o ' s calling, please? 12. A: Hello.
B: T h i s is Brown from the Foreign Office. B: Hello. C o u l d I speak to Jack?
A: T h a n k you. I ' m putting you t h r o u g h . A: Who?
/: Ivanov speaking. B: Jack. Jack Butler.
4. A: Hello. A: There's no one here by that n a m e . I ' m afraid you have the
B: Hello. Is this the h o m e of Mr Lawrence? wrong number.
A: T h a t ' s right. B: Is this 221-3892?
A: N o , it's not.
B: I'd like to speak to Mr Lawrence.
B: Oh. I'm sorry.
A: Hold on, please. He's c o m i n g to the phone.
A: T h a t ' s okay.
5. A: Mr Brown's office.
13. A: Hello.
B: I'd like to speak to Mr Brown.
B: May I speak to Dr Robinson?
A: O n e m o m e n t . Hold the line, please. I'll see if he's in. (After a
A: You have the wrong number.
' moment) Mr Brown, you're wanted on the phone.
UNIT 22 283
В: I do?
A: Just a m o m e n t , sir. Hello! T h e n u m b e r is 01-977-2217.
A: W h a t n u m b e r did you dial?
B: O h - o n e — n i n e - d o u b l e seven — double two-one-seven.
В: 239-8063.
A: T h a t ' s right.
A: T h i s is 8064. Try it again.
B: T h a n k you very m u c h .
B: I ' m sorry to have b o t h e r e d you.
A: T h a t ' s O K . G o o d b y e . 2 0 . A: G o o d evening. C a n I speak to Mr J o n e s , please?
B: Sorry. Mr J o n e s is on a n o t h e r line. Will you wait, please?
14. A: C o u l d I have extension 2387, please?
A: All right.
B: I ' m afraid t h e line's engaged at t h e m o m e n t . Do you w a n t
B: Sorry to have kept you waiting. I'm p u t t i n g Mr J o n e s on
to hold?
t h e line.
15. A: Hello. A: T h a n k you.
B: Hello. 21. A: I n t e r n a t i o n a l . G o o d evening.
A: C o u l d you tell me t h e c o d e for R o m e , Italy, please? B: G o o d evening. I want to b o o k a call to M o s c o w for 10 p . m .
B: A r e you dialling direct? My n a m e is Pavlov.
A: Yes. A: G o o d . W h a t n u m b e r are you calling from?
B: O n e m o m e n t . It's 010 396, followed by t h e n u m b e r . B: It's 843-1227.
A: T h a n k you, goodbye. A: W h a t n u m b e r do you want in Moscow?
B: 244-40-90.
16. A: Hello, Barclays Bank, C h e s s w o o d .
A: Would you like to m a k e it personal?
B: Hello. C a n I speak to t h e m a n a g e r , please?
B: N o . I just want a s t a t i o n - t o - s t a t i o n call.
A: H o l d o n . I'll p u t you t h r o u g h . I ' m afraid Mr S m i t h isn't in
A: T h a n k you.
his office. C a n I t a k e a message?
B: D o n ' t worry. I'll ring back later. 2 2 . A: Hello. I ' m w o n d e r i n g if you could help m e . I've b e e n dial
A: All right. G o o d b y e . ling 340-1908 for the past h o u r but I c a n ' t get t h r o u g h .
B: O n e m o m e n t , please. I'll check t h e line. (After a moment)
17. A: Hello. M a y I speak to Mr Roberts?
B: Sorry, sir. Mr R o b e r t s is not available. Is t h e r e any mes You are t h r o u g h now, sir. Go a h e a d , please.
sage? 2 3 . A: I ' m sorry. I c a n ' t h e a r what you are saying. C o u l d you speak
A: N o , t h a n k you. I'll call back later. u p , please?
B: Right. G o o d b y e . B: Hello, hello... A r e you there? (No reply.)
A: O p e r a t o r , we h a d a very bad c o n n e c t i o n a n d c o u l d scarcely
18. A: D i r e c t o r y E n q u i r i e s . W h i c h t o w n , please?
B: H a r r o g a t e . Yorkshire. h e a r each other. T h e n we were cut off completely. C o u l d
A: C a n I have t h e s u r n a m e , please? you help us?
B: D u n c a n . Operator: Yes, sir. I'll try to do s o m e t h i n g about it.

A: A n d t h e initial?
B: J a n e t . T Listen, read and practise.
A: W h a t ' s t h e address? Can I Take a Message?
B: 42 Collier L a n e .
A: T h a n k you. T h e n u m b e r you w a n t is 0423 287221. Secretary: C e n t r a l I n s u r a n c e Office.
Mrs Burns: Hello. C o u l d I speak to Mr B u r n s , please — ex
19. A: I n f o r m a t i o n . tension 23.
B: Will you please give me the telephone n u m b e r of Stevens Secretary: Is it a business call or a private call?
Travel Ltd, t h e m a n a g e r ' s office? Mrs Burns: Well, actually it's a private call.
Secretary: He's at an i m p o r t a n t conference a n d d o e s n ' t wish 2. " C a n I to Susie, please?"

t o b e disturbed. " I ' m afraid she isn't . C a n I take or would you
Mrs Burns: I know, b u t I ' m his wife a n d it is rather urgent. like to later?"
Secretary: All right. Hold on a m o m e n t a n d I'll put you 3. " C a n I have 52 please?"
t h r o u g h ... H e l l o M r s B u r n s , I ' m sorry, t h e num " on a m o m e n t a n d I'll _."
ber's engaged. Will you hold t h e line or do you 4. " H e l l o , operator. I must m a k e an call to my father b u t
want to ring back? I haven't a n y money. I w a n t to _ _ ."
Mrs Burns: N o , I'll wait... 5. " T h a n k s very m u c h for explaining t h e m i s t a k e in my i n s u r a n c e
Secretary: Hello. You c a n go a h e a d now. form. I ' m sorry _."
Mr Carter: Hello. A c c o u n t s D e p a r t m e n t . 6. " H e l l o , is t h a t H o m e C o m p u t e r s ? "
Mrs Burns: Hello. Is t h a t Mr C a r t e r ? " N o , it isn't. I ' m afraid ."
Mr Carter: S p e a k i n g , w h a t c a n I do for you?
Mrs Burns: Is Mr B u r n s t h e r e please?
Making an Appointment
Mr Carter: N o . H e ' s gone out to an i m p o r t a n t m e e t i n g . If you Secretary: Two-four-nine-six-eight-four.
w a n t t o see h i m you'll have t o m a k e a n appoint Mr Morgan: I'd like to m a k e an a p p o i n t m e n t with Mr H a n s o n .
ment. T h i s i s M r M o r g a n speaking.
Mrs Burns: It's M r s B u r n s here, a n d it's rather i m p o r t a n t . Secretary: O h , yes, Mr M o r g a n . G o o d m o r n i n g . Just a mo
W h e n will he be back? m e n t . I'll get his schedule. Are you there?
Mr Carter: N o t for about an hour, I ' m afraid. C a n I t a k e a Mr Morgan: Yes.
message? Secretary: W h e n would you like to c o m e , Mr M o r g a n ?
Mrs Burns: Well, it's just t h a t I've lost my keys a n d I c a n ' t get Mr Morgan: Tomorrow, if possible.
i n t o t h e house. Secretary: I ' m afraid he's tied up tomorrow. Is it urgent? If it
Mr Carter: I ' m very sorry to h e a r t h a t . D o n ' t worry, I'll t r y is, p e r h a p s we c o u l d fit you in somewhere.
a n d get hold of h i m right away. Have you tried Mr Morgan: N o , it isn't t h a t urgent. Is t h e day after t o m o r r o w
p h o n i n g t h e neighbours? possible?
Mrs Carter: N o , t h e y ' r e away on holiday. I ' m sorry to have Secretary: W h a t t i m e would you like to c o m e ?
troubled you like t h i s . Mr Morgan: As late as possible in t h e a f t e r n o o n .
Mr Carter: T h a t ' s all right. It could h a p p e n to a n y o n e . I'll get Secretary: I ' m sorry, t h a t afternoon's full, t o o . H o w is Friday
t h e keys sent to you as quickly as possible. Bye for afternoon at five?
now. Mr Morgan: Yes, t h a t ' s perfect, t h a n k you. G o o d b y e .
W h a t k i n d of call is M r s B u r n s m a k i n g ? W h y is h e r call urgent? [У] W h o is Mr M o r g a n calling? W h e n d o e s he w a n t to see Mr

W h y d o e s t h e receptionist ask h e r to hold t h e line? W h o an H a n s o n ? I s M r H a n s o n free t o m o r r o w ? W h e n i s M r M o r g a n
swers t h e p h o n e w h e n t h e receptionist p u t s h e r t h r o u g h ? W h e r e going t o see M r H a n s o n ?
i s M r B u r n s ? D o e s M r C a r t e r expect h i m back soon? W h a t
Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
d o e s M r C a r t e r offer t o do? W h y c a n ' t M r s B u r n s p h o n e h e r
neighbours? W h a t d o e s M r C a r t e r p r o m i s e t o d o i n t h e end?
К а к м о ж н о позже. К а к насчет п я т н и ц ы после обеда? Я бы
хотел н а з н а ч и т ь встречу с м и с т е р о м Х а н с о н о м . Говорит М о р г а н .
Complete the following sentences.
П р е к р а с н о . Нет, это не настолько срочно. М и н у т к у . Когда бы
1. " C a n I m a k e to see Dr Evans tomorrow, please?" вы хотели прийти? Боюсь, что он з а н я т завтра. Это срочно?
"Yes, of course. Would 9.30 you?" И з в и н и т е , н о п о с л е о б е д е н н о е в р е м я т о ж е з а н я т о . Е с л и э т о сроч
" N o , after 10 would be m o r e _ _ ." но, то, в о з м о ж н о , м ы смогли б ы д л я вас н а й т и к а к о е - т о в р е м я .
U N1 I L L 287
позову. 7. М - р а У и л с о н а с е й ч а с нет. Е м у ч т о - н и б у д ь передать? —

Situation. You are calling the head of an advertising agency. You want
П о ж а л у й с т а , с к а ж и т е ему, ч т о б ы о н м н е п о з в о н и л , когда о н при
to make an appointment for Tuesday. Mr Robinson isn't available on that
дет. 8. П о п р о с и т е , п о ж а л у й с т а , Алису. — Вы о ш и б л и с ь номе
day. Make an appointment for some other day.
р о м . — П р о с т и т е . — Н и ч е г о . 9. М о г у я п о г о в о р и т ь с Д ж о н о м ? —
М и н у т к у . Я у з н а ю , есть ли о н . 10. И з в и н и т е . М-р Уайт в ы ш е л .
Listening Ч т о ему передать? — Э т о Т о м Х э й . П о п р о с и т е его, п о ж а л у й с т а ,
п о з в о н и т ь м н е . — О б я з а т е л ь н о . 11. П р о с т и т е , М-с Г р и н б ы л а на
The Most Embarrassing Moment of My Life м е с т е и с н о в а в ы ш л а . Я ж д у ее с м и н у т ы на м и н у т у . — Не м о г л и
Have you ever d o n e s o m e t h i n g stupid t h a t m a d e you feel so embar бы вы ей к о е - ч т о передать? 12. М о г у я п о г о в о р и т ь с Р и ч а р д о м
rassed t h a t you wished you could just disappear? Well, t h a t ' s exactly Мэтьюсом? — Боюсь, что он на с о в е щ а н и и в д а н н ы й момент.
how I felt, o n e chilly S a t u r d a y m o r n i n g last a u t u m n . Ч т о ему передать? — Э т о Д ж о а н А т к и н с о н . Я п о д у м а л а , не м о г
I had gone to town to do some shopping, and as I was walking t h r o u g h бы он м н е п о з в о н и т ь , когда о с в о б о д и т с я . — Х о р о ш о . К а к о й у
the park on my way to the bus stop it suddenly began to rain. I imme вас н о м е р ? — Я д у м а ю , у н е г о е с т ь м о й н о м е р . Но я в а м его
diately dashed into a nearby phone box since I didn't have an umbrella. о с т а в л ю на в с я к и й с л у ч а й : 402-64-19. 13. М о г у я п о г о в о р и т ь с
It was raining heavily, but it was one of those short a u t u m n showers that м - р о м К и н г о м ? — С и ю м и н у т у , н е в е ш а й т е трубку... В ы слушае
don't last long, so I decided to stay in the p h o n e box until it stopped. те? М - р К и н г в ы ш е л . О н будет м и н у т ч е р е з д в а д ц а т ь . Ч т о ему
A few m o m e n t s later, I saw a young m a n walk up to t h e p h o n e box, передать? — Н и ч е г о , б л а г о д а р ю вас. Я с а м п о з в о н ю п о п о з ж е . —
wearing a yellow r a i n c o a t a n d holding a tool box. I d i d n ' t want to go П о ж а л у й с т а . 14. С п р а в о ч н о е ? М н е н у ж е н н о м е р т е л е ф о н а аэро
out i n t o t h e r a i n , so I picked up t h e p h o n e and p r e t e n d e d I was talk п о р т а . — 314-10-71. — Я вас п л о х о с л ы ш у . П о ж а л у й с т а , г о в о р и т е
ing to s o m e o n e . I t h o u g h t t h e m a n would go away, b u t he d i d n ' t . He г р о м ч е . 15. Я н а й д у н о м е р его т е л е ф о н а в т е л е ф о н н о м с п р а в о ч н и
just waited patiently in t h e p o u r i n g rain, w a t c h i n g me wave my h a n d s к е . — С о м н е в а ю с ь . П о з в о н и л у ч ш е в с п р а в о ч н о е б ю р о . 16. П о ч е м у
about a n d act as if I was d e e p in conversation. ты мне не позвонил, к а к мы договаривались? — Я пробовал много
Luckily, t h e rain began to stop after about t e n m i n u t e s . "Okay, р а з , н о л и н и я в с е в р е м я б ы л а з а н я т а . 17. В и к т о р , т ы с л у ш а е ш ь ?
M u m , " I said loudly i n t o t h e p h o n e , " I ' l l see you later, t h e n . Bye!" Н а с р а з ъ е д и н и л и . Когда ты с к а з а л , Д ж е й н уезжает? — В с у б б о т у
I put t h e p h o n e down, picked up my s h o p p i n g a n d stepped out of t h e в е ч е р о м . — Я бы хотел п р о в о д и т ь ее. — О н а будет о ч е н ь рада.
p h o n e box. " I ' m sorry I t o o k so long," I said to t h e m a n . 18. А л л о , э т о к в а р т и р а А л а н а Б р а у н а ? — Д а . — Я бы хотел пого
" O h , I d o n ' t want to use the p h o n e , " he replied, smiling broadly. "I've в о р и т ь с А л а н о м . — С л у ш а ю . 19. П р о с т и т е , могу я п о з в о н и т ь по
just c o m e to repair it. It's out of order, you see." I felt myself go bright red в а ш е м у т е л е ф о н у ? — П о ж а л у й с т а . 20. Вас с о е д и н и л и . Г о в о р и т е ,
in the face and I hurried away with my head down, feeling a complete п о ж а л у й с т а . 21. О п е р а т о р , с о е д и н и т е м е н я , п о ж а л у й с т а , с дирек
fool. It was certainly one of the most embarrassing m o m e n t s of my life! тором. — Он разговаривает по другому телефону. Вы не могли бы
п е р е з в о н и т ь п о п о з ж е ? 22. З д е с ь н е т н и к о г о п о ф а м и л и и С м и т . —
ГУ] W h a t m a d e t h e writer feel e m b a r r a s s e d o n e day? Have you ever И з в и н и т е з а б е с п о к о й с т в о . 23. В ы х о т и т е в ы з в а т ь о п р е д е л е н н о е
h a d any e m b a r r a s s i n g m o m e n t s in your life? W h a t were they? л и ц о ? — С о е д и н и т е м е н я п р о с т о с а б о н е н т о м . 24. Я не могу до
н е г о д о з в о н и т ь с я . Н а в е р н о е , т е л е ф о н и с п о р ч е н . 25. И з в и н и т е з а
то, ч т о з а с т а в и л а вас ж д а т ь . Я с о е д и н я ю вас. 26. Е г о н о м е р не от
Self Check
вечает. Н а в е р н о е , его н е т д о м а . 27. В о з ь м и трубку. Тебе з в о н я т .
1. Я бы хотел п о г о в о р и т ь с Д ж о н о м К и н г о м . Он дома?
2. М о г у я п о г о в о р и т ь с м - р о м Л и ? — К т о его п р о с и т ? — Э т о
его брат. 3. М о г у я з а к а з а т ь м е ж д у г о р о д н ы й р а з г о в о р о т с ю д а , из
г о с т и н и ц ы ? 4. С о е д и н и т е м е н я с г о р о д о м , п о ж а л у й с т а . Н о м е р
т е л е ф о н а в городе — 224-987, д о б а в о ч н ы й 811. 5. Где з д е с ь бли
ж а й ш и й т е л е ф о н - а в т о м а т ? 6. Не к л а д и т е трубку, я его с е й ч а с
UNIT 23 289
6. Ann: T h e film is exciting.

Victor: N o , it isn't.
A n n said t h e film was exciting. Victor disagreed with her.
Unit 23 7. Mr Smith to his son: I s h a n ' t help you. You c a n easily do it your
self.
G R A M M A R : Reported statements, questions, commands Mr S m i t h refused to help his son saying he could easily do it him
and emotions self.
8. Donald to Steve: I ' m sure you'll win t h e g a m e .
Reported statements and questions D o n a l d assured Steve t h a t he would win t h e g a m e .
9. The dean to the students: T h e m e e t i n g will be held at 3 o'clock

1) Reporting verbs used to report statements:
in r o o m 110.
conveying information — say, tell; promise — promise; explanation —
T h e d e a n a n n o u n c e d t h a t t h e m e e t i n g would be held at 3 o'clock
explain; agreement — agree; disagreement — disagree; refusal — refuse;
in r o o m 110.
casual remark — remark; additional remark — add; warning — w a r n ;
reminder — r e m i n d ; answer — answer, reply; assurance — assure; an 10. Mary to Paul: I gave my d i c t i o n a r y to you. Do you remem
nouncement — a n n o u n c e a n d o t h e r s ber?
M a r y r e m i n d e d Paul t h a t she h a d given h e r dictionary t o h i m .
2) Reporting verbs used to report questions:
11. Helen to Nick: I'll let you k n o w a b o u t my arrival. I'll send you
ask, wonder, w a n t to know, i n q u i r e
a telegram.
H e l e n told Nick she would let h i m k n o w about h e r arrival a n d
Illustrative Situations a d d e d that she would send h i m a telegram.
1. Mother to Peter: I'll buy you a bicycle if you do well at school. 12. Mike to Mrs Green: You've b e e n k i n d to m e . I shall never
Peter's m o t h e r p r o m i s e d her son t h a t she would buy h i m a bicycle forget it.
if he did well at school. M i k e told M r s G r e e n that she h a d b e e n k i n d t o h i m a n d t h a t h e
would never forget it.
2. Roger to Dick: I ' m fond of skating. I often skate in winter.
Roger told D i c k he was fond of skating a n d he often skated in 13. Alice to Jane: You'll be late if you d o n ' t hurry.
winter. Alice w a r n e d J a n e t h a t she would be late if she d i d n ' t hurry.
14. The attendant to the tourists: T h e m u s e u m is o p e n from 10 to

3. Kate: T h e weather is fine.
7.
Tom: Yes, it is.
T h e a t t e n d a n t i n f o r m e d t h e t o u r i s t s t h a t t h e m u s e u m was o p e n
Kate r e m a r k e d t h a t t h e weather was fine a n d T o m agreed with
from 10 to 7.
her.
15. Jill to Barbara: C a n you type?
4. Jim to the teacher: I'm late because I missed my bus.
Barbara: Yes, I c a n .
J i m explained to t h e t e a c h e r t h a t he was late because he had missed
Jill asked Barbara if she could type. Barbara answered t h a t she
his bus.
could.
5. Mr Brown to his neighbour: I s h a n ' t watch t h e m a t c h . I ' m not
16. Mr Hawk to the clerk: Have you got a n y tickets for t h e 10
fond of football.
o'clock train?
M r Brown told his n e i g h b o u r t h a t h e w o u l d n ' t w a t c h t h e m a t c h Mr Hawk i n q u i r e d w h e t h e r t h e y h a d got a n y tickets for t h e 10
because he was not fond of football. o'clock t r a i n .
Practice 6. A r e you going away again? 7. W h y did you c o m e back? 8. Do you

still smoke? 9. C a n you c o m e to d i n n e r on Friday? 10. W h e n are you
leaving?
1. Report the following utterances. Use the reporting verbs best suited
to the sense of the utterances.
W o w tell another friend what George asked you. Use reported speech.
1. Alec: Lucy is a p r e t t y child. Helen: Yes, she is. 2. Mary to
4. Alan is thinking of buying a car. He asks his colleague, Bill, a num
Mr Hanson: I've xeroxed t h e d o c u m e n t s already. 3. Jim to Harry: I'll
ber of questions, which Bill later reports to another car owner.
buy you a ticket for t h e m a t c h . 4. Alice to her sister: I w o n ' t stay with
y o u r son any longer. He's c r y i n g all t h e t i m e . 5. Victor to Dick: We A: Have you (got) a car?
m u s t be at t h e I n s t i t u t e at five. D o n ' t you r e m e m b e r ? 6. Jack: I t h i n k B: He asked me if I had a car.
J o h n will be late. George: I d o n ' t t h i n k so. 7. Robert to Harry: I d i d n ' t
1. W h a t k i n d of car have you (got)? 2. W h a t d o e s it cost you to
c o m e b e c a u s e I was very busy. 8. Peter to Mary: Victor is at h o m e now.
r u n it? 3. H o w m a n y kilometres does it do the litre? 4. D o e s it belong
He is w a t c h i n g TV. 9. Steve to Roger: I'll c o m e by t h e 6 o'clock t r a i n .
to you or you a n d y o u r wife? 5. C a n your wife drive? 6. Is she a safe
I'll be on t i m e . 10. Bill to Dick: I s h a n ' t invite M i k e . I d o n ' t like h i m .
driver? 7. H o w m a n y k i l o m e t r e s do you drive in a m o n t h ? 8. D i d you
11. Donald to his mother: I'll send you a telegram as s o o n as I get to
pass your test t h e first t i m e ? 9. Do you t h i n k driving tests are any use?
L o n d o n . 12. Peter to Jim: I'm sure you'll pass t h e e x a m . 13. Mary to
10. Do you give lifts? 11. H o w long have you b e e n driving? 12. Have
Jack: If you d o n ' t leave i m m e d i a t e l y you'll miss t h e t r a i n . 14. Lucy:
you ever h a d an accident? 13. Was it y o u r own fault? 14. Do you do
I m u s t work hard to write t h e test. 15. Henry to Roger: T h e t r a i n leaves
y o u r own repairs? 15. Do you always wear a safety belt? 16. Do you
at 10 a.m. You w o n ' t have to get up early.
take t h e c a r to work? 17. Are you t h i n k i n g of getting a new car? 18. Do
you let y o u r wife take t h e c a r shopping?
2. Make short dialogues using the word combinations below.
a) A: You'll tell Tom, won't you? 5. Mrs Adams, who is rather inquisitive, wants to know about Mrs
Brown's new tenant. Mrs Brown reports the questions to her husband.
B: Well, if I see him I'll tell him.
A: What did you say? A: Who is he?
В: I said if I saw him I'd tell him. B: She asked me who he was.
A: What does he do for a living?
b) A: You'll tell Tom, won't you?
B: She asked me what he did for a living.
B: Yes, I'll tell him as soon as he comes in.
A: What did you say? 1. H o w long has he been here? 2. W h e r e does he c o m e from? 3. D o e s
В: I said I'd tell him as soon as he came in. he teach in the Technical College? 4. How long has he b e e n working
there? 5. Is he married? 6. W h e r e is his wife? 7. D o e s he get m a n y letters?
You'll... won't you? 8. W h e r e do his letters c o m e from? 9. W h e r e does he do his shopping?
1. ask Peter; 2. t h a n k J o h n ; 3. pay A n n ; 4. r e m i n d M a r y ; 5. tell 10. D o e s he do his own cooking? 11. Do you clean his flat? 12. H a s he a
t h e m ; 6. c o n g r a t u l a t e t h e m ; 7. invite her; 8. discuss it with J i m ; 9. ex car? 13. D o e s he ever speak to you? 14. W h a t does he do in t h e evenings?
p l a i n t h e situation to M a r y ; 10. give A n n t h e m o n e y ; 11. r e c o m m e n d 15. D o e s he go away at the weekends? 16. D o e s he wear a wig? 17. W h y
t h a t to Alec; 12. offer Bill t h e m o n e y ; 13. speak to M a r y ; 14. h a n d has he shaved off his beard? 18. Is he t h i n k i n g of buying a house here?
H a r r y t h i s letter 19. Do you like h i m ? 20. W h a t do your o t h e r t e n a n t s t h i n k of h i m ?
3. You have been away for a while and have just come back to your 6. Report the following utterances.
home town. You meet George, a friend of yours. He asks you a lot of
a) Mike to Peter: I'm taking my exam in June. Will you also take
questions.
your exam in June?
1. H o w are you? 2. H o w long have you been back? 3. W h a t are Mike told Peter he was taking his exam in June and asked
you d o i n g now? 4. W h e r e are you living? 5. A r e you glad to be back? whether Peter would also take his exam in June.
ю-
1. Robert to Lucy: Yalta is a wonderful place. Have you ever b e e n d) Barbara to Kate: Where do you live? Do you get to work by
there? 2. Mary to Kate: T h e day is lovely. Shall we go for a walk? 3. Bob bus?
to Alec: I've bought a new suit. Would you like to see it? 4. Mrs Smith Barbara asked Kate where she lived and whether she got to work
to her friend: You look pale. Have you been ill? 5. Mrs Brown to Kate: by bus.
M a r y is at t h e Institute. Will you see h e r there? 6. Jack to his brother:
1. Jane to Mary: W h e r e did you buy your coat? D i d it cost m u c h ?
M i k e was at h o m e in t h e evening. Did you p h o n e h i m ? 7. Mary to
2. Mike to Helen: W h e n are you leaving? Will anybody see you off?
Steve: You speak English fluently. D i d you study it long? 8. Helen to her
3. John to his brother: W h e n did you see Peter? D i d you speak to h i m ?
sister: M a r y h a s already r e t u r n e d . Have you seen her? 9. Mike to Peter:
4. Jack to his sister: W h e n will you be free? Will you be able to help
Lucy is worried. Have you sent her a letter? 10. Jack to Helen: I t o o k
an interesting b o o k in o u r library. Do you want to read it? 11. George me with my m a t h s ? 5. Helen to Jill: W h e r e did you rest? D i d you enjoy
to Alec: I am fond of t e n n i s . C a n you play t e n n i s ? 12. Bob to Lucy: T h e your holidays?
t r a i n is leaving in an hour. M u s t I t a k e a taxi? 13. Nick to Victor: I ' m e) Alec to Bob: Are you tired, Bob? — Yes, I am.
l e a r n i n g F r e n c h . C a n you speak F r e n c h ? 14. Betty to her mother: I have
Alec asked Bob whether he was tired. Bob answered (said)
a h e a d a c h e . C a n I have an aspirin? 15. Mike to Helen: We are going for
(that) he was.
a walk. Will you j o i n us? 16. Mr Brown to his son: T h e task is difficult.
C a n I help you? 17. John to Mary: It's t i m e to start. Have you p a c k e d f) Mary to her sister: H a s Lucy got up yet? — N o , she hasn't.
everything? 18. Kitty to the doctor: I feel well. M a y I go out? Mary asked her sister if Lucy had got up and her sister said
she hadn't.
b) The clerk to Mrs Smith: The hotel is full up. Why didn't you
1. Bill to Dick: Are you going away for the weekend? — N o . 2. Bob
reserve a room in advance?
to Jack: M u s t you leave at once? — I ' m afraid I must. 3. Steve to his
The clerk said the hotel was full up and asked why Mr Smith
mother: M a y I go out? — Yes, you may. 4. Jack to Frank: D i d you p h o n e
hadn't reserved a room in advance.
me on Sunday? — Yes, I did. 5. Peter's mother to Peter: C a n you meet
1. Mr Brown to his wife: I've b e e n waiting for you for half an hour. me at the station? — Yes, I c a n . 6. Alec to Bob: Were you at the football
W h e n will you be ready? 2. Bob to his mother: I ' m very hungry. W h e n m a t c h on Sunday? — Yes, I was. 7. Jane to Mary: Do you have your
c a n I have d i n n e r ? 3. Peter to his sister: I must write some letters. W h a t meals at t h e canteen? — N o . 8. Mr Brown to Mr Smith: Is there a hotel in
d a t e is it? 4. Bob to his brother: I w a n t to speak to M i k e . W h e n will he t h e town? — Yes, there is. 9. Donald to Roger: Have you written to your
c o m e ? 5. Alec to Steve: J a n e is leaving for L o n d o n . H o w long will she parents? — Yes. 10. Mary to Helen: Have you found your key? — N o .
stay there? 6. Lucy to Dick: You look tired. W h a t have you b e e n doing? 11. Jack to his brother: Is D i c k still at the dentist's? — N o . 12. Roger to
7. Mrs Smith to her husband: You look ill. W h e n will you c o n s u l t t h e his sister: D i d you consult the doctor? — N o . 13. Mike to the doctor: Shall
d o c t o r ? 8. Helen to Ann: Bill is going abroad. W h e n is he leaving? I recover soon? — I ' m sure you will. 14. Jack to his mother: Must I stay
in bed? — Yes, you must. 15. Mrs Robinson to her neighbour: May I use
c) Peter to Mary: How long have you been studying Spanish? Your
your telephone? — Certainly. 16. Robert to Mary: C a n you swim well? —
accent is good.
N o . 17. Helen to Bob: Will you visit me on Sunday? — Yes. 18. Mike to
Peter asked M a r y how long she had been studying Spanish and
John: Is the station far from the office? — N o . 19. Steve to his sister: May
added that her accent was good.
I use your c o m p u t e r ? — N o . 20. Helen to Lucy: Do you have to get up
1. Harry to Donald: W h e r e are t h e G r e e n s spending t h e i r holidays? early? — Yes. 21. Jack to Bill: C a n you play cricket? — N o . 22. Mr White
T h e y usually go to t h e seaside. 2. Mrs White to her friend: W h a t t i m e to Mr Parker: Have you got a car? — Yes, I have. 23. Peter to his friend:
does t h e c o n c e r t start? I t h i n k it's t i m e to go. 3. Jack to Lucy: W h a t Were you in the c o u n t r y in s u m m e r ? — N o . 24. George to Henry: Have
t i m e is it? My watch has stopped. 4. Mary to her sister: W h y d o n ' t you you b e e n waiting long? — Yes. 25. John to Alec: Will you be having a
w a n t to p h o n e Helen? She is always ready to help. 5. Mike to Nick: lesson at five? — Yes. 26. Harry to Gerry: Do you have to work h a r d at
W h a t suit will you take? I'd like to have the grey one. 6. Mr Brown to his Russian? — Yes. 27. Mary to her mother: D i d you enjoy t h e play? — N o .
son: W h e r e have you put my umbrella? I c a n ' t find it anywhere. 7. The 28. Jack to his friend: Is Mr H a n s o n a good specialist? — Yes. 29. Paul
teacher to Alec: W h y c a n ' t you answer at once? You are always so slow. to his brother: D i d you leave M a r y a message? — N o .
g) Mr Brown to his wife: Why are you so late? — I've been shop was a great success. As soon as he h a d finished, J e n n y told h i m she
ping. I bought you a nice pair of shoes. w a n t e d to go h o m e . Geoffrey was a little d i s a p p o i n t e d by t h i s but he
Mr Brown asked his wife why she was so late. She answered did as his d a u g h t e r asked. On t h e way h o m e he asked J e n n y if she h a d
(said, told him) that she had been shopping and added that she enjoyed his speech. To his surprise she said she h a d n ' t . Geoffrey asked
had bought him a nice pair of shoes. her why t h i s was so a n d she told h i m she d i d n ' t like to see so m a n y
p e o p l e l a u g h i n g at h i m .
1. Peter to Jack: W h e n are you t a k i n g your holiday? — In J u n e .
2. Mike to Bob: W h y d i d n ' t you p h o n e me? — I was very busy. 3. Lucy 2. W h e n I woke up I asked my wife what the w e a t h e r was like.
to her friend: Is J o h n still in hospital? — N o , he h a s already recovered. She looked out of t h e w i n d o w a n d said it was r a i n i n g very heavily but
4. Steve to Paul: Do you like tennis? — N o , I prefer cricket. 5. Mike to she t h o u g h t it was going to get brighter. Later, w h e n we were having
his father: C a n you give me s o m e m o n e y ? — W h a t do you w a n t it for? breakfast, I listened to t h e w e a t h e r forecast. T h e a n n o u n c e r said t h a t
6. Helen to her sister: I c a n ' t find my key anywhere. — Have you looked t h e w e a t h e r i n t h e south would probably b e very changeable. H e a d d e d
in t h e d i n i n g r o o m ? 7. Mary to Kate: W h e r e will you be at six? — At t h a t the Meteorological Office c o u l d n ' t say w h e n t h e w e a t h e r would
t h e University. 8. John to Alec: W h a t foreign language did you study at b e c o m e m o r e stable. My wife said t h a t was fine b e c a u s e she h a d de
school? — F r e n c h . 9. Ann to her sister: Have you d o n e your h o m e w o r k , cided to stay at h o m e a n d do some c o o k i n g .
M a r y ? — I haven't s t a r t e d yet. 10. Victor to his mother: You look tired,
m o t h e r . W h a t have you b e e n doing? — I've b e e n w a s h i n g . 11. Kate to 3 . W h i l e J o h n G i l b e r t was i n hospital h e asked t h e d o c t o r t o tell
Lucy: W h y did you stay away from classes? — I c a u g h t a cold. 12. Mrs h i m w h e t h e r his o p e r a t i o n h a d b e e n successful b u t t h e d o c t o r refused
Smith to her husband: Have you paid t h e bill yet? — N o , I ' m just going to do so. T h e following day t h e patient asked for a bedside t e l e p h o n e .
to do it. 13. Mr Brown to the waiter: W h a t will you r e c o m m e n d me for W h e n he was alone he t e l e p h o n e d t h e hospital exchange a n d asked for
dessert? — O r a n g e j u i c e . 14. Jack to Steve: Will you fly to L o n d o n ? — D r M i l l i n g t o n . W h e n t h e d o c t o r answered t h e p h o n e M r G i l b e r t said
N o , I'll go by t r a i n . 15. Helen to her mother: Is your watch fast? — N o , he was i n q u i r i n g about a c e r t a i n p a t i e n t , a Mr J o h n G i l b e r t . He asked
it keeps t h e right t i m e . i f M r G i l b e r t ' s o p e r a t i o n h a d b e e n successful a n d t h e d o c t o r told h i m
it h a d b e e n . He t h e n asked w h e n Mr G i l b e r t would be allowed to go
7. Ask questions about the information expressed in the statement. h o m e a n d t h e d o c t o r told h i m t h a t he would have to stay in hospi
tal for a n o t h e r two weeks. T h e n Dr M i l l i n g t o n asked t h e caller if he
— Peter said M a r y had left for Moscow.
was a relative o f t h e patient. " N o , " t h e p a t i e n t answered, " I ' m J o h n
— Did you ask him why she had gone to M o s c o w ?
... if she was going to stay there long? Gilbert."
... when she would be back? etc. 4. D e n t i s t s always ask questions w h e n it is impossible for you to
1. Roger said he would go to Africa. 2. Alec said he was going to answer. M y dentist h a d just p u l l e d o u t m y t o o t h a n d h a d told m e t o
spend his holidays at t h e seaside. 3. G e o r g e said H e l e n h a d gone to rest for a while. I tried to say s o m e t h i n g but my m o u t h was full of cot
Italy. t o n wool. He knew I collected b i r d s ' eggs a n d asked me w h e t h e r my
collection was growing. H e t h e n asked m e how m y b r o t h e r was a n d
Fluency w h e t h e r I liked my new j o b in L o n d o n . In answer to these questions
I either n o d d e d or m a d e strange noises. M e a n w h i l e my t o n g u e was
s e a r c h i n g out t h e hole where t h e t o o t h h a d b e e n . I suddenly felt very
1. Geoffrey H a m p d e n has a large circle of friends a n d is very pop worried but c o u l d not say a n y t h i n g . W h e n t h e dentist at last removed
u l a r at parties. Everybody a d m i r e s h i m for his fine sense of h u m o u r t h e c o t t o n wool from my m o u t h I was able to say t h a t he h a d pulled
— everybody except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, o n e of out t h e w r o n g t o o t h .
Geoffrey's closest friends asked h i m to m a k e a s p e e c h at a w e d d i n g
r e c e p t i o n . T h i s is t h e sort of t h i n g t h a t Geoffrey loves. He p r e p a r e d /. Study and practise the conversations. Reproduce the original utter
t h e speech carefully a n d went t o t h e w e d d i n g with Jenny. H i s s p e e c h ances reported in these conversations.
Conversation 1 Daisy: T h e n he asked me how I travelled to work.

Maggie: It s o u n d s as if he was d o i n g a traffic survey.
Victor: Hey, M a r i a ! Have you finished your e x a m ?
Daisy: He was. He t h e n asked if I drove a car.
Maria: Yes, I have.
Maggie: T h e y want to k n o w how m a n y people use cars in t h e
Victor: Was it difficult?
city, p e r h a p s .
Maria: Well, it was quite h a r d .
Daisy: Possibly. I said t h a t I d i d n ' t .
Victor: Did you pass?
Maggie: Well, w h a t did he ask you next?
Maria: I d o n ' t know... she d i d n ' t tell m e .
Daisy: He asked if I used public t r a n s p o r t , of course.
Victor: W h a t questions did she ask?
Maggie: Go on.
Maria: First she asked me what my n a m e was.
Daisy: Well, t h a t ' s how we m e t . B e c a u s e I said t h a t I did.
Victor: T h a t was easy, w a s n ' t it?
Maggie: So he asked...
Maria: ... t h e n she asked me where I c a m e from, a n d how
long I'd b e e n studying at t h e school. Daisy: If I w a n t e d a lift h o m e . Well, he was r a t h e r n i c e .
Victor: W h a t else did she ask?
Maria: She asked me w h e n I h a d b e g u n studying English, 2. Report the following dialogues.
a n d she asked how I would use English in t h e fu 1. Mr Hall: I've lost my briefcase. H a s o n e b e e n h a n d e d in t h i s
ture. morning?
Victor: G o o n ... Attendant: N o , sir, it h a s n ' t . W h e r e did you lose it?
Maria: T h e n she asked me if I liked t h e school, a n d if I lived Mr Hall: Outside my h o u s e in C h e s t e r Street t h i s m o r n i n g .
with my p a r e n t s . I put it on t h e p a v e m e n t , t h e n I drove away a n d for
Victor: A n y t h i n g else? got a b o u t it.
Maria: O h , Victor! I ' m trying to remember... o h , yes! She Attendant: C a n you describe t h e briefcase, sir?
asked me if I spoke a n y o t h e r languages. Mr Hall: Yes, it's black leather with a c o m b i n a t i o n lock a n d it
Victor: Is t h a t all? h a s my initials D.B. on it.
Maria: O h , t h e r e were a lot of o t h e r questions. She asked Attendant: Is t h e r e a n y t h i n g valuable inside it?
me w h a t my hobbies were, a n d she asked me to tell Mr Hall: N o , t h e r e isn't. Just a few p a p e r s a n d s o m e c o m p u t e r
about t h e m . T h e n she gave me a p i c t u r e a n d asked discs.
me to describe it. O h , a n d t h e n I was asked to read Attendant: Well, we'll let you k n o w if we h e a r a n y t h i n g a b o u t it.
a passage. C a n I have y o u r n a m e a n d p h o n e n u m b e r , please?
Victor: W h a t did she say at t h e end? 2. Lucy: L o o k here, M i k e . I'll have a p a r t y at my h o u s e to
Maria: A h ! She asked me to tell you to go in... immedi morrow. C a n you c o m e ?
ately. Mike: At what t i m e are you going to have it?
Lucy: At eight o'clock.
Conversation 2
Mike: I'll c o m e . I'll be free at t h a t t i m e .
Maggie: I h e a r you've got a new boyfriend. W h e r e did you Lucy: I asked Ted to b r i n g his records. We'll enjoy listen
meet him? ing t o t h e m .
Daisy: I n t h e street. Mike: W h o else will be at t h e p a r t y ?
Maggie: In t h e street! W h a t were you doing? Lucy: Alice a n d T o m . I ' m sorry J a n e w o n ' t c o m e . She left
Daisy: You see he interviewed m e . He w a n t e d to k n o w about for M a n c h e s t e r yesterday.
how I travelled to work. Mike: A n d what a b o u t Bob?
Maggie: W h a t did he ask you? Lucy: I d o n ' t know. I haven't invited h i m yet. T h e y moved
Daisy: Well, first he asked where I lived. to a new flat s o m e days ago a n d I d o n ' t k n o w his
Maggie: W h a t else? address.
Mike: Не h a s already told me his address, besides I'll see Guest: I like my tea very strong a n d very hot.
h i m at my b r o t h e r ' s t o n i g h t . I'll ask h i m if you like. Hostess: How m a n y l u m p s of sugar do you take in your tea?
Lucy: T h a n k s very m u c h , M i k e . Guest: F o u r or five l u m p s of sugar, m a d a m , for I like my tea
very sweet.
3. Helen: H a l l o , J a n e . It's my b i r t h d a y t o m o r r o w . I'll be thir Hostess: Do you like m i l k in your tea?
teen. Guest: Milk? Well, yes! W h e n I c a n ' t get c r e a m .
Jane: Do you t h i n k you'll get a lot of b i r t h d a y presents?
Helen: I'm sure I will. M o t h e r ' s going to give me a box of
REPORTED COMMANDS, REQUESTS
p a i n t s a n d p a i n t - b r u s h e s . I like drawing a n d paint
A N D SUGGESTIONS. G R E E T I N G S , LEAVETAKINGS,
ing.
WISHES,THANKS,INTRODUCTIONS,APOLOGIES
Jane: W h a t ' s your father going to give you?
A N D EMOTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH
Helen: I d o n ' t know yet. Last year he gave me s o m e b o o k s .
Jane: O h , will you show me your b o o k s , please? I want Illustrative Situations
s o m e t h i n g to read. I've read all my b o o k s .
Helen: All right. I'll show you m i n e . I've got a b o u t fifty. 1) Reporting verbs used to report commands, reguests and sugges
tions, etc.:
4. Alice: K a t e , I've b e e n looking for you t h e whole m o r n i n g .
order — order; request — ask, beg; instruction — tell, advice — ad
Do you w a n t to go for a t r i p with me?
vise; reminder — r e m i n d ; warning — w a r n ; invitation — invite; sugges
Kate: Where?
tion — suggest; offer — offer; permission — allow; prohibition — forbid;
Alice: A c a m p i n g trip in t h e m o u n t a i n s .
persuasion — p e r s u a d e ; recommendation — r e c o m m e n d
Kate: H o w long are you p l a n n i n g to stay?
Alice: T h r e e days or m o r e if t h e w e a t h e r is g o o d . If t h e 1. The doctor to the patient: Take t h e m e d i c i n e twice a day: morn
w e a t h e r is b a d we'll stay less. ing a n d evening, (instruction)
Kate: H o w c a n we get t h e r e — by t r a i n ? T h e d o c t o r told t h e patient to take t h e m e d i c i n e twice a day.
Alice: O n l y p a r t of t h e way. T h e n we'll walk: it's n o t t o o
2. Mary to the waiter: Will you please b r i n g me my bill? (request)
far.
M a r y asked t h e waiter to bring her t h e bill.
Kate: It s e e m s to be a wonderful idea. I'll speak to M o t h e r .
If she agrees to let me go, I'll j o i n you. 3. Tom to Kate: Please, d o n ' t be late, (request)
Tom asked Kate not to be late.
5. Victor: W h e r e are you going to spend your holidays,
George? 4. Mr Walker to his children: Off to b e d with you a n d no m o r e
George: We shall go to o n e of t h e seaside t o w n s in t h e television for tonight, (order)
Crimea. M r Walker ordered his children t o g o t o b e d .
Victor: Have you b o o k e d t h e tickets? 5. Mr Fox to his son: You m a y use my car. (permission)
George: I ' m going to do it t o m o r r o w . Mr Fox allowed his son to use his car.
Victor: H o w long do you want to stay there?
George: About a m o n t h . A n d where will you rest? 6. The policeman to the children: D o n ' t play football in the street.
Victor: I want to go on a c a m p i n g trip in t h e Alps. (prohibition)
T h e p o l i c e m a n forbade t h e c h i l d r e n to play football in t h e street.
George: I am sure you will have a good rest.
Victor: I h o p e I will. 7. Mrs Parker to her son: D o n ' t go out. It's t o o cold, (prohibition)
M r s Parker d i d n ' t allow h e r son to go out b e c a u s e it was cold.
6. Hostess: Would you like a c u p of tea?
Guest: W i t h pleasure. T h a n k you. 8. Mrs Smith to her friend: You should consult Dr Brown. I ' m sure
Hostess: H o w will you take it? Do you prefer your tea strong he will help, (advice)
or weak? M r s S m i t h advised h e r friend t o c o n s u l t D r Brown.
9. Lucy to Helen: D o n ' t forget to bring t h e book, (reminder) 1. — Hello, A n n .

Lucy r e m i n d e d Helen t o bring t h e b o o k . — Hello, Steve.
A n n a n d Steve greeted each other.
10. Jane: O h , stay a little longer, (persuasion)
Mary: All right. 2. Mike to Helen: G o o d b y e , Helen.
J a n e p e r s u a d e d M a r y to stay a little longer. M i k e said goodbye to Helen.
11. The teacher to the boys: D o n ' t make a fire in the wood, (warning) George: G o o d b y e , Roger.
T h e t e a c h e r w a r n e d t h e boys not to m a k e a fire in t h e w o o d . Roger: So long, G e o r g e .
G e o r g e a n d Roger p a r t e d .
12. Mr Smith: I c a n drive you h o m e in my car, Ben. (offer)
3. Tom: G o o d night, Mary.
Ben: T h a n k you. T h a t ' s very k i n d of you.
T o m wished M a r y good night.
Mr Smith offered to drive Ben h o m e in his c a r a n d Ben willingly
a c c e p t e d t h e offer. Alec to Peter: A h a p p y j o u r n e y to you.
Alec wished Peter a h a p p y journey.
13. Mr Parker: Shall I drive you to t h e c o u n t r y on Sunday, M a r y ?
(offer) 4. Mary: C o m e to the c i n e m a with m e .
Mary: N o , t h a n k you. I ' m going by t r a i n with some friends of Kate: T h a n k you.
mine. M a r y invited K a t e t o t h e c i n e m a . K a t e t h a n k e d her.
M r Parker offered t o drive M a r y t o t h e c o u n t r y o n S u n d a y but she 5. Helen to Dick: Excuse my r i n g i n g up at such a late hour.
d e c l i n e d t h e offer (or she refused). Helen apologized to D i c k for r i n g i n g h i m up at such a late h o u r .
14. Robert: W h a t a b o u t going to a d a n c e with m e , will you? (invita 6. Harry: Mary, this is Steve Baxter, an old friend of m i n e .
tion) H a r r y i n t r o d u c e d his friend Steve Baxter to his wife.
Susan: I'd love t o .
3) Reporting verbs used to report emotional utterances:
R o b e r t invited S u s a n to a d a n c e a n d she willingly a c c e p t e d t h e
exclaim, cry, shout, regret, console, s y m p a t h i z e , c h e e r u p , praise
invitation.
a) adverbs
15. Jack: C o m e to a play with me t o n i g h t , will you? (invitation)
to say joyfully (angrily, proudly, cheerfully, sadly, etc.)
Helen: O h , I c a n ' t , I ' m t o o busy.
Jack invited H e l e n to a play but she d e c l i n e d t h e invitation (or she b) adverbial phrases
to say with d i s a p p o i n t m e n t (joy, surprise, anger, regret, dismay,
d i d n ' t accept t h e invitation).
a n n o y a n c e , i n d i g n a t i o n , etc.)
16. Bob: Let's play a g a m e of chess, (suggestion)
c) adjectives + nouns
Steve: T h a t ' s a good idea.
to say in a cheerful (joyful, angry, sad, p r o u d , r u d e , etc.) voice
Bob suggested playing a g a m e of chess. Steve agreed.
(tone)
17. Peter: Shall we go to t h e c i n e m a t o n i g h t ? (suggestion)
d) to be + adjective (participle II)
Dick: I'm afraid I c a n ' t .
He was surprised (angry, d i s a p p o i n t e d ) .
Peter suggested going to the c i n e m a but D i c k refused.
e) to give an exclamation of surprise (disappointment, annoyance,
2) Reporting verbs used to report greetings, leavetakings, wishes, regret)
thanks, introductions and apologies:
1. Mr Hanson: Will you call Mr J a c k s o n , please?
greetings — greet; leavetakings — p a r t , say goodbye; thanks — t h a n k ; Secretary: But he has already left.
wishes — wish; apologies — apologize; introductions — i n t r o d u c e Mr Hanson: H a s he? It's only five.
Mr H a n s o n asked his secretary to call Mr Jackson. His secretary said your work before you h a n d it in. 16. N u m b e r your sheets. 17. Tie t h e
he had already left. Mr H a n s o n was surprised. He said it was only five. sheets together. 18. Go out quietly when you've finished. 19. D o n ' t take
a n y p a p e r out of t h e r o o m . 20. C o m e back at two o'clock.
2. Mr Brown: T h e Baxters w o n ' t be c o m i n g to t h e party.
Mrs Brown: W h a t a pity! 2. Mr Jones calls Ann into his office and gives her some instructions.
Mr Brown told his wife t h a t the Baxters wouldn't be c o m i n g to t h e She then returns to the main office and tells a colleague what she has been
party. On h e a r i n g t h a t his wife gave an exclamation of disappointment. asked to do.
3. Mrs Green: I ' m so happy! My son has b e c o m e a s t u d e n t . A: Would you please file these letters?
M r s G r e e n said joyfully t h a t her son h a d b e c o m e a student. B: He asked/told me to file these letters.
4. Victor to his brother: Stop m a k i n g t h a t noise, M i k e . You are get
Would you please...
t i n g on my nerves.
1. c o p y t h i s c o n t r a c t ? 2. c o r r e c t t h i s spelling mistake? 3. add some
Victor told his b r o t h e r angrily to stop m a k i n g noise.
t h i n g to t h i s letter? 4. p i n up these notices in t h e c a n t e e n ? 5. look
5. Jack: W h a t a s h a m e ! We've lost t h e g a m e . up o u r M P ' s address? 6. order s o m e m o r e paperclips? 7. c o n t a c t o u r
Jack said with d i s a p p o i n t m e n t t h a t they h a d lost t h e g a m e . A m e r i c a n b r a n c h ? 8. send t h i s report to o u r h e a d office? 9. check these
figures? 10. b r i n g your d i c t a p h o n e to t h e m e e t i n g ? 11. type out a full
6. Bob: H u r r a h ! We've won t h e m a t c h !
report? 12. p u t these d o c u m e n t s in t h e safe? 13. lock t h e safe? 14. leave
Bob exclaimed in a cheerful voice t h a t they h a d won t h e m a t c h .
t h e key on my desk? 15. take these b o o k s back to t h e library? 16. buy
7. Mrs Smith: W h a t a pity! All the flowers in o u r garden are ruined. s o m e flowers for my wife? 17. tell my wife I w o n ' t be h o m e t o n i g h t ?
W i t h an exclamation of regret M r s S m i t h said t h a t all t h e flowers 18. r e m i n d t h e cleaners to e m p t y my ashtray? 19. advertise for a new
in t h e i r g a r d e n were r u i n e d . office boy? 20. b o o k two plane tickets for N e w York?
8. Mary: I say, A n n , I've failed in history. I am in such a state.

3. Bill is at his office where he has just heard that he has won
Ann: O h , c o m e on now, it c a n ' t be t h a t bad. £ 200,000. Ann, his secretary, and Tom, a colleague, are giving him ad-
M a r y told A n n t h a t she h a d failed in history. She was in despair. vice which he later reports to a friend he meets on the train home.
A n n tried to console her.
A (= Ann): Why don't you give up your job?
В (= Bill): Ann advised me to give up my job.
Practice
A (= Tom): Don't do anything in a hurry.
1. A supervisor is giving instructions to a group of exam students.
B: Tom warned me not to do anything in a hurry.
One of these, Bill, reports the instructions after the exam.
1. You should send out for a bottle of c h a m p a g n e . ( A n n ) 2. You'd
a) A: Sit at the numbered desks. b e t t e r wait till l u n c h t i m e . (Tom) 3. W h y d o n ' t you spend £ 5,000 on
B: He told us to sit at the numbered desks. a terrific holiday? ( A n n ) 4. Invite all your friends to a party. ( A n n )
5. D o n ' t begin e n t e r t a i n i n g t o o lavishly. (Tom) 6. You'd b e t t e r give
b) A: Don't smoke.
s o m e of it to a charity. ( A n n ) 7. D o n ' t offer to help everyone. (Tom)
B: He told/warned us not to smoke.
8. You should get a new car. ( A n n ) 9. W h y d o n ' t you visit your sister
1. H a n g up your c o a t s . 2. D o n ' t write in t h e m a r g i n . 3. P u t your in Australia? (Tom) 10. You should b u y presents for your wife and t h e
n a m e on each sheet. 4. R e a d t h e questions carefully. 5. Start each children. (Ann)
question on a fresh sheet. 6. Answer t h e questions in order. 7. D o n ' t
spend t o o m u c h t i m e on t h e first question. 8. D o n ' t talk to your neigh 4. A students' club are planning a holiday abroad. The committee is
bour. 9. D o n ' t t r y to copy your n e i g h b o u r ' s answers. 10. K e e p to t h e now discussing where to go and what to do. Three members make sug-
p o i n t . 11. W a t c h t h e t i m e . 12. Be careful about y o u r spelling. 13. Write gestions. The secretary reports the suggestions afterwards to someone who
clearly. 14. C o u n t t h e n u m b e r of words in your essays. 15. L o o k over wasn't at the meeting.
A: Shall we start on Friday? 5. He told t h e m not to be late. e) " O K . I'll ask h i m . "
В: Bill suggested starting on Friday. 6. She suggested going for a f) " D o n ' t drive t o o fast. T h e
1. Shall we hitch-hike? (Paul) 2. T h e r e are t o o m a n y of u s . L e t ' s coffee. road is d a n g e r o u s . "
go on m o t o r cycles. (Bill) 3. T h a t ' s t o o u n c o m f o r t a b l e . W h y d o n ' t we 7. I offered to help t h e m . g) A: " O h , please c o m e ! "
hire cars? ( A n n ) 4. It would cost t o o m u c h . W h a t about b o r r o w i n g t h e 8. He refused to help t h e m . B: " O h , all right t h e n . "
college bus? (Bill) 5. Shall we sleep in Youth Hostels? (Bill) 6. Let's 9. I invited h e r to l u n c h . h) " D o n ' t be l a t e ! "
c a m p out. (Paul) 7. W h y n o t rent a caravan? ( A n n ) 8. Shall we pick 10. She apologized for being i) " W h y d o n ' t we go for a cof-
fruit a n d m a k e some money? (Paul) 9. F r u i t picking is h a r d work. Let's late. fee?"
s p e n d t h e day on t h e b e a c h . (Bill) 10. (And) let's visit m u s e u m s a n d art 11. She agreed to ask h i m . j) " I ' m n o t going to help you."
galleries. ( A n n ) 11. Shall we eat in restaurants? ( P a u l ) 12. W h y d o n ' t 12. He i n t r o d u c e d M a r y to his k) " W o u l d you like to c o m e to
we c o o k over an o p e n Fire? (Bill) 13. Let's pack plenty of t i n n e d food colleague. lunch?"
a n d C o c a C o l a . ( A n n ) 14. Shall we find out about p o p festivals? (Bill) 1) " D o n ' t forget there's a speed
15. Let's look out for classical c o n c e r t s . ( A n n ) 16. W h y d o n ' t we b r i n g limit h e r e . "
guitars a n d m a k e o u r o w n music? ( P a u l )
7. Read the following dialogues and choose the verb which in the best
way describes the actual phrases spoken.
5. Mr Jones, a widower, has to go away for a fortnight, leaving his
house and two children in the care of his neighbour, Ann. He gives Ann 1. Mike: Would you like to c o m e with G r e g a n d me to t h e o p e n air
various instructions, which she reports to her husband. c o n c e r t on Saturday?
a) apologize b) offer c) invite
A: If one of the children gets ill, ring the doctor. Jane: Brilliant! I'd love to c o m e .
B: He said if one of the children got ill I was to call a doctor. a) a c c e p t b) refuse c) r e m i n d
1. If o n e of t h e c h i l d r e n loses his appetite, t a k e his t e m p e r a t u r e . 2. Ben: W h a t should I do about my briefcase?
2. If t h e t e m p e r a t u r e is very h i g h , ring t h e doctor. 3. If o n e of t h e m a) agree b) ask c) i n t r o d u c e
cuts himself, wash t h e cut a n d p u t on a plaster. 4. W h e n they have Sue: W h y d o n ' t you go to t h e police station a n d report it?
finished t h e i r h o m e w o r k , let t h e m w a t c h TV. 5. W h e n they are in b e d , a) offer b) tell c) suggest
read t h e m a story. 6. If it gets colder, m a k e t h e m wear coats. 7. If they 3. Mark: M u m , please c a n we go to t h e carnival? We'll be all right!
miss t h e school bus, send t h e m by taxi. 8. W h e n you go out, doublelock You k n o w we will.
t h e door. 9. If you haven't t i m e to cook, o p e n t i n s . 10. If it gets colder, a) try to p e r s u a d e b) try to agree c) w a r n
t u r n o n t h e c e n t r a l h e a t i n g . 11. I f t h e c e n t r a l h e a t i n g d o e s n ' t work Mum: O K , b u t d o n ' t take a lot of m o n e y in case there are pick
properly, p h o n e t h e c o m p a n y . 12. If any letters c o m e for m e , please pockets a r o u n d .
forward t h e m . 13. If t h e g a r d e n e r t u r n s u p , ask h i m to cut t h e grass. a) agree but r e m i n d b) agree b u t w a r n c) refuse
14. W h e n t h e m i l k m a n brings his bill please pay it.
8. Tell the children what doctors advise us to do (not to do):
6. Match the reported speech with the actual phrase spoken.
lie in t h e s u n t o o long; smoke; sleep in t h e o p e n air; take cold
Reported speech Phrases spoken showers; have regular meals; t a k e a walk before going to b e d ; go in for
1. She advised h i m to get a a) " M a r y , m e e t my friend, sports; go to bed late; d r i n k strong d r i n k s .
s u m m e r job. Gil."
2. She w a r n e d h i m n o t to drive b) " W o u l d you like me to help 9. Tell the visitors what they are requested to do or not to do in a
hospital:
t o o fast. you?"
3. He r e m i n d e d h e r n o t to drive c) " I ' m sorry I ' m late." c o m e at stated t i m e ; stay t o o long; keep silence; t a l k t o o m u c h
t o o fast. d) " Y o u should get a s u m m e r to t h e patients; p u t on overalls; take off h a t s a n d coats; smoke; m a k e
4. She p e r s u a d e d her to c o m e . job." noise; talk loudly.
10. What does your teacher often ask you to do (not to do)? What did 15. Bill: Please d o n ' t speak t o o fast.
your mother (wife, daughter, etc.) ask you to do? What did you ask your Ann: I'll try n o t t o .
friend to do?
16. Jane: D o n ' t forget to lock t h e door, M o t h e r .
11. Report the following dialogues. Mother: D o n ' t worry, dear.
1. Jack: W h y d o n ' t we go to t h e movies? 17. Peter: C o u l d you please lend me your bike for a few
Mary: I'd like t o . days?
Bob: Yes, certainly.
2. John: Would you like to spend t h e weekend in
Brighton? 18. Jane: Will you please help me with my suitcases?
Nick: I d o n ' t t h i n k I c a n . I must visit my p a r e n t s . Alec: Yes, of course.
3. Alice: Do you feel like going to t h e t h e a t r e t o n i g h t ? 19. Ann: Would you please translate this text for me?
Betty: N o , I'd r a t h e r g o t o t h e movies. Mary: I ' m afraid I c a n ' t . I have to rush off to work
now.
4. Peter: W h a t about having a cocktail?
Victor: I don't mind. 20. Mrs Fox: D o n ' t go out. I w a n t you to help m e .
Dick: All right.
5. Donald: Let's drive to t h e country.
Roger: W h y n o t go to t h e seaside for a change? 21. — G o o d m o r n i n g , M r s F o r d .
— G o o d m o r n i n g , M r Davis.
6. Robert: C o m e a n d see me on Sunday, will you?
Steve: I ' m afraid I c a n ' t . I'll be busy on t h a t day. 22. Hello, J o h n .
I. Bill: Hello, R o b e r t .
H o w about c o m i n g to a p a r t y with me t o n i g h t ?
Ann: I'll be delighted. 23. Mary: It's t i m e to get a b o a r d . T h e t r a i n ' s leaving in ten
8. Mrs Brown: Have a c u p of tea, Bob. minutes. Goodbye.
Bob: With pleasure. Alice: Goodbye.
9. Mr Robinson: Shall I give you a lift? 24. Robert: You've d o n e me a great favour. T h a n k you for
Mr White: T h a n k you. I'd r a t h e r walk. t h e trouble you've t a k e n .
Mr Green: No trouble at all.
10. Victor: Would you like me to buy s o m e m e d i c i n e for
you? 25. Mr Brown: I'll do everything you asked m e .
Jack: No, thanks. I can manage. Mrs Lee: T h a n k you i n advance.
I I . John: Let me give you a helping h a n d . 26. Nelly: I ' m sorry I ' m late.
Mary: T h a t ' s very kind of you. Jack: Never m i n d .
12. Mr Morgan: You'd b e t t e r start at o n c e . 21. Mrs Jackson: May I i n t r o d u c e Mr S m i t h to you, Nelly?
Mr Smith: Will you j o i n me? Mr Smith: H o w d o you d o ! G l a d t o meet you.
Nelly: H o w d o you d o !
13. Peter: You should subscribe to some A m e r i c a n newspa
pers. 28. Jane: I h e a r you've b e e n p r o m o t e d . My congratula
Helen: I've subscribed to t h e Washington Post. tions!
Andrew: T h a n k you.
14. Mr Baxter: C o m e a n d have l u n c h with u s o n Sunday. We'll
be pleased to see you. 29. John: Merry Christmas!
Mr Parker: T h a n k you. We'll c o m e . Sally: Merry Christmas!
30. Mr Ford: Have you heard t h e a m a z i n g news? Tom has Mother: A duet? How c a n she play a duet alone?
won t h e s w i m m i n g r a c e ! Mary: 1 played it with her but I finished my p a r t first.
Mrs Ford: I was sure he would win.
43. Mother: W h a t are you r e a d i n g , Maggie?
31. Becky: I would like a d a r k s u p p e r today. Little Maggie: I d o n ' t know.
Mother: A d a r k supper? W h a t do you m e a n by it? Mother: You d o n ' t know? But you were r e a d i n g aloud, so
Becky: Well, you said t h a t t h e s u p p e r you gave me yes you must know.
terday was light a n d I d i d n ' t like it. Little Maggie: I was r e a d i n g aloud but I wasn't listening.
32. Ann: It s e e m s to me we've lost o u r way.
Lucy: What a nuisance! Fluency
33. Husband (on coming home): W h a t ! No s u p p e r ready? T h a t ' s t h e
1. Study and practise the conversations.
l i m i t ! I ' m going to a r e s t a u r a n t .
Wife: Wait just five m i n u t e s . 1. Mr Power: Yes, Miss Wright? W h a t is it?
Husband: Will it be ready t h e n ? Miss Wright: M r H u d s o n w a n t s t o speak t o you, sir.
Wife: N o , b u t t h e n I'll go with you. Mr Power: I ' m very busy at t h e m o m e n t . Ask h i m to ring
34. Steve: N i c k h a s failed in m a t h s . later.

Bill: Really? He said he was g o o d at m a t h s . Miss Wright: Yes, sir.
Mr Power: O h , a n d M i s s Wright? Tell C h r i s t o p h o t o c o p y
35. Henry: I s n ' t it great! I've b e e n offered a j o b at a re the Director's report.
search institute!
Miss Wright: Yes, sir. A n y t h i n g else, sir?
Mr Davis: G l a d t o h e a r it.
Mr Power: Yes. Tell M i s s Davis not to ring her boyfriend
36. Mike: All t h e tickets are sold out. on t h e office p h o n e .
Jane: W h a t a pity! Miss Wright: Yes, sir. Hello? T h i s is Mr Power's secretary...
Mr Hudson: Yes... H u d s o n here.
I ' m t a k i n g my e x a m in two days. I ' m awfully
37. Nina: Miss Wright: I'm afraid M r Power's busy a t t h e m o m e n t . C a n
nervous a b o u t it.
you ring later?
Alec: O h , pull yourself together. E v e r y t h i n g will be all
right. Mr Hudson: All right... what a b o u t t h i s afternoon?
Miss Wright: Yes, t h a t ' l l be all right.
38. Helen: Alice d i d n ' t keep h e r a p p o i n t m e n t again.
Dick: T h a t ' s t h e limit! 2. Miss Wright: Oh, Chris?
Chris: Yes, M i s s Wright?
39. Dick: Just fancy! I have won a c a r in t h e lottery!
Miss Wright: M r Power w a n t s you t o p h o t o c o p y t h i s r e p o r t .
Bill: You d o n ' t say so! W h a t luck!
Chris: O h , yes ... I'll do it later.
4 0 . Mr Ford: M a r y h a s b r o u g h t a basket of apples. Miss Wright: N o , Chris... do it now... I know it's i m p o r t a n t . . .
Mrs Ford: A basket of apples? But I asked h e r to bring
3. Miss Wright: Miss Davis! D i d you ring your boyfriend on t h e
pears.
office p h o n e yesterday?
41. Mrs Davis: I ' m so worried a b o u t D i c k . T h e o p e r a t i o n is to Miss Davis: Well, yes... I did... but it was urgent.
t a k e place tomorrow. Miss Wright: H m m ... I t h i n k M r Power h e a r d you. H e wasn't
Mrs Ford: C h e e r u p ! E v e r y t h i n g will be all right. very pleased a b o u t it. D o n ' t use t h e office p h o n e
42. Mother: M a r y , where is J e n n y ? for personal calls.
Mary: She is in t h e house. She is playing a d u e t on t h e Miss Davis: No ... n o , M i s s W r i g h t ... I w o n ' t do it again...
piano. I'm sorry.
4. Mr Power: Miss Wright? D i d you speak to Mr H u d s o n ? Mrs Howard: You n e e d n ' t apologize, M r s Parker. It's very
Miss Wright: Yes, I did. I asked h i m to ring later. He says he'll n a t u r a l for you to feel p r o u d . Will he go to the
ring you t h i s afternoon. University, do you t h i n k ?
Mr Power: T h a t ' s fine. H a s C h r i s p h o t o c o p i e d t h a t report Nora: Well, he may or he m a y not. You see, we c a n ' t
yet? really tell until he takes his scholarship examina
Miss Wright: N o t yet... b u t I told h i m to do it immediately. tions.
I t h i n k he's d o i n g it now. Mrs Howard: O h , but I'm sure he'll win a scholarship.
Mr Power: G o o d . D i d you tell Miss Davis not to ring h e r Nora: Yes, we h o p e he will. He's d o n e well in all his ex
boyfriend from here? a m s up to now, but we d o n ' t c o u n t on his w i n n i n g
Miss Wright: O h , yes... I told h e r not to use t h e office p h o n e one. If he d o e s n ' t w i n a scholarship, he may go to
for p e r s o n a l calls... she says she w o n ' t do it again. a t e c h n i c a l college.
I ' m sure she w o n ' t . Mrs Howard: Would he like to do t h a t ? W h a t ' s he studying now?
Mr Power: I h o p e she w o n ' t ... her boyfriend lives in Is he studying science?
Australia! Nora: Yes, a n d I t h i n k he's getting on quite well at it.
He is c e r t a i n l y working very h a r d . Why, t h i s very
2. Listen to the conversations and report them.
a f t e r n o o n , a l t h o u g h it's such a fine day, he is at
1. Man: Hello, little boy. W h a t are you doing? t h e library working all t h e t i m e .
Boy: I've lost a c o i n a n d I ' m looking for it. Robert: Hello, M u m ! G o o d afternoon, M r s H o w a r d ! It's a
Man: H o w m u c h have you lost, a n d where did you d r o p lovely day, isn't it!? Well, t h e Rovers w o n . M u m !
it? Nora: T h e Rovers, Robert? Why, where have you been?
Boy: I've lost a t e n p e n c e a n d I d r o p p e d it on t h e Robert: At t h e football m a t c h , of course.
road. Nora: Haven't you b e e n at t h e library?
Man: D o n ' t cry. I'll give you a n o t h e r t e n p e n c e . Buy Robert: No.
yourself some chocolate. G o o d b y e . Nora: But I thought...
Mrs Howard: D o n ' t worry, M r s Parker. A library is quite t h e
(Some minutes later)
wrong place for a boy on such a fine a f t e r n o o n .
Man: W h a t ' s t h e m a t t e r ? Have you lost t h e c o i n I gave

3. Listen to the text. Retell it.
you already?
Boy: I haven't lost t h a t o n e , but I w a n t to find t h e first J o h n S m i t h was a m a n w h o always forgot everything he h a d to
o n e . T h e n I'll have 20 p e n c e . remember. O n e day a friend invited h i m to d i n n e r . " C o m e on Tuesday
at eight in t h e evening," he said. " Y o u r b r o t h e r ' s old friend will be here
2. A talkative passenger addressed a lady w h o was in t h e s a m e com
a n d he wants to see you. D o n ' t c o m e on Wednesday. I shall not be at
p a r t m e n t . " H a v e you a family, m a d a m ? " "Yes, sir, o n e s o n . " " I n d e e d ?
h o m e t h e n . " J o h n S m i t h smiled a n d said he w o u l d n ' t m a k e a mistake
D o e s h e s m o k e ? " " N o , sir. H e h a s never t o u c h e d a cigarette." " D o e s
b e c a u s e on W e d n e s d a y he h a d to go to t h e c o u n t r y to see his father
h e d r i n k w i n e ? " " O h , n o , h e h a s never t o u c h e d a d r o p o f it." " D o e s
w h o would be waiting for h i m at t h e railway station at 10.30 in t h e
he c o m e h o m e late at n i g h t ? " " N e v e r . He always goes to bed directly
evening. Tuesday c a m e , but S m i t h did not c o m e . On W e d n e s d a y at a
after d i n n e r . " " I c o n g r a t u l a t e you, m a d a m . H e i s a m o d e l y o u n g m a n .
little past eight J o h n S m i t h ran i n t o t h e r o o m . " I ' m sorry I ' m late," h e
H o w old is h e ? " " F o u r m o n t h s today, sir."
said. "I got i n t o t h e wrong b u s . " " W h y , it's y o u ? " his friend exclaimed.
3. N o r a is t a l k i n g to a neighbour, M r s H o w a r d . " B u t I asked you to c o m e on Tuesday! I c a n ' t stay now. I must go. But
Nora: Yes, of c o u r s e , M r s H o w a r d , I m u s t n ' t boast, but d o n ' t you r e m e m b e r you have to go to t h e c o u n t r y today? Your father
it really is a comfort to have such a h a r d - w o r k i n g will be waiting for you." " O h , so he will. I must hurry," a n d in a mo
boy as R o b e r t . m e n t he was out of t h e r o o m .
Self Check ers his a r m , a n d , please, d o n ' t rush r o u n d t h e c o r n e r s as t h e road is

very wet." T h e taxi driver was getting angry. "All right, m a d a m , " he
/. Report the phrases in brackets. said. " B u t if we do have an accident, what hospital would you like to
be taken t o ? "
1. T h e platform was empty, so Fred asked a p o r t e r ... a n d t h e p o r t e r
answered ... . ( " H a s t h e t r a i n for L o n d o n left?" " I t left t e n m i n u t e s
ago.") 2. J o h n told M a r y ... but she laughed a n d told h i m ... . ("You
are t h e most beautiful girl in t h e world." " D o n ' t talk such n o n s e n s e . " ) 1. Вчера у м е н я б ы л в ы х о д н о й д е н ь . Я п р е д л о ж и л а А н е схо
3. My watch stopped today, so I t o o k it to a w a t c h m a k e r a n d asked h i m д и т ь в к и н о , н о о н а о т к а з а л а с ь , с к а з а в , ч т о г о т о в и т с я к экзаме
... . He e x a m i n e d it, shook his h e a d a n d told m e : ... ( " W h a t ' s wrong ну по немецкому языку. Мы договорились, что сходим в к и н о
with i t ? " " T h r o w it away a n d buy a new o n e . " ) 4. M a r y is a strange girl.
на с л е д у ю щ е й неделе. 2. П р е п о д а в а т е л ь с п р о с и л м е н я , п о ч е м у я
T h e o t h e r day, w h e n I asked her ... , she said that... . But I saw her there
п р о п у с т и л т а к м н о г о з а н я т и й . Я о т в е т и л , ч т о я у е з ж а л в коман
myself t h e very next night. ("Would you like to c o m e to t h e c i n e m a
д и р о в к у . 3. К о г д а я с о б и р а л с я у х о д и т ь , м о й брат н а п о м н и л м н е ,
with m e ? " " I ' v e already seen this film.") 5. T h e m a n a g e r asked me...
чтобы в с л е д у ю щ и й раз я п р и н е с ему свой русско-испанский
a n d I answered him... . He t h e n asked me so I told h i m ... ( " D o you
словарь. Он сказал, что ему н у ж н о перевести статью по электро
like your w o r k ? " "Yes, I d o . " " W h y do you want to leave it t h e n ? " " I ' m
н и к е . Я ответил, что приду к нему через два д н я и пообещал,
moving to Glasgow.") 6. I was walking d o w n t h e road t h e o t h e r day
ч т о не забуду о его п р о с ь б е . 4. Когда я в е р н у л с я д о м о й , м о й с ы н
w h e n a m a n stopped me a n d asked the way to t h e nearest post office.
I told him... . ("Take t h e first t u r n i n g to t h e left a n d go as far as t h e post уже с п а л . Я хотел п о г о в о р и т ь с н и м , но ж е н а с к а з а л а , ч т о б ы я не
office.") T h e m a n asked me ... . ( " H o w far is it?") a n d I told h i m ... . б у д и л его, п о т о м у ч т о о н о ч е н ь устал, т а к к а к ц е л ы й в е ч е р ч и н и л
("It's about half a mile at t h e m o s t . " ) He t h a n k e d me a n d walked off. а в т о м о б и л ь . 5. Врач п о с о в е т о в а л м н е , ч т о б ы я п р о в о д и л б о л ь ш е
в р е м е н и н а с в е ж е м воздухе и н е л о ж и л с я с п а т ь п о з д н о . 6 . Н и н а
2. Report the conversation. п о и н т е р е с о в а л а с ь , п о й д у ли я на вечер, и я о т в е т и л а , ч т о пойду.
Mr Robinson: Hello. G l a d to see you in L o n d o n . H o w long have
you b e e n here?
Mr Thompson: O h , only a few days, since M o n d a y a n d I am sorry
to say we have to r e t u r n tomorrow.
Mr Robinson: Is it your first visit to L o n d o n ?
Mr Thompson: It's my wife's first visit, b u t I've b e e n here several
t i m e s before. I have to c o m e over at least o n c e
a year on business a n d I feel quite at h o m e in
London.
Mr Robinson: A n d what do you t h i n k of L o n d o n , Mrs
Thompson?
Mrs Thompson: O h , I t h i n k it's a wonderful place.
Mr Robinson: W h a t are your plans for t o n i g h t ? W h a t about com
ing to o u r place?
Mr Thompson: T h a n k you, but I ' m afraid we c a n ' t . We are leaving
t o m o r r o w m o r n i n g a n d we've got a lot of t h i n g s to
do. N e x t t i m e , p e r h a p s .
3. Report the following joke.
An old lady was going to t a k e a taxi. " D r i v e r , " she said, "I want
you to take me to t h e s t a t i o n . " "Yes, m a d a m , " said t h e driver. " A n d
you must drive slowly a n d carefully. D o n ' t go u n t i l t h e p o l i c e m a n low-
UNIT 24 315
( D o you t h i n k it will be w a r m tomorrow?)

it should be so.
(very) probably,
(Yes,) very likely.
Unit 24 I think so./1 expect so./1 suppose so./1 hope so./
I believe so./I'm afraid so.
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Certainty and uncertainty probably not.
that's not very likely/probable.
(No,)
I don't think so./I don't expect so./I hope not./I sup-
a) How to express certainty. pose not./I believe not./ I'm afraid not.
W h e n you are sure that something will (or will not) h a p p e n in the
future, here are some phrases you can use:
Practice
( D o you t h i n k England will win the next World Cup?)
certain T Study and practise.

quite they will.
(Yes,) I'm sure
absolutely 1. A: M a d a m likes the flat?
Yes, certainly/definitely. B: Oh, yes, I do, definitely.
No, certainly not/definitely not.
There's no doubt about it. 2. A: Do you t h i n k you'll like it here?
B: I'm sure I will, Doctor.
b) How to express uncertainly and doubt.
3. A: Would you m i n d o p e n i n g the window?
W h e n you are not sure, or doubtful, whether s o m e t h i n g will h a p - B: Of course.
pen in the future, here are some phrases you can use:
4. A: Was it what you expected?
( D o you t h i n k people will ever live to be at least 150?) B: Yes, definitely.
it's possible, 5. A: Do you plan to have children?
it could/might happen, B: Definitely not.
there's always a chance,
you never know, of course, I suppose, 6. A: Do you t h i n k all this m o n e y will change your life?
Well,
no one can say for certain, B: C e r t a i n l y not.
possibly,
perhaps, 7. A: Do you t h i n k he will c o m e back?
maybe, B: Certainly.
I'm not really sure.
I'm not certain. 8. A: W h a t do you t h i n k of Fellini?
I doubt it. B: He has m a d e some great movies. T h e r e is no doubt about it.
but
1 have my doubts.
it's doubtful. 9. A: Do you t h i n k they will get married?
it's highly unlikely. B: C o u l d be.
10. A: Do you t h i n k you will get a scholarship?

c) How to express probability and improbability. B: I'm not certain.
W h e n you are almost certain that something will (will not) happen 11. A: Is that J o h n over there?
in the future, here are some phrases you can use: B: I'm not sure.
316
12. A: I expect she will c o m e on Friday. 2 5 . A: Are you going out t o n i g h t ?

B: It's highly unlikely. В: I d o n ' t expect so.
13. A: Is he going to be there? /. Respond expressing certainty.

B: Probably.
D o you t h i n k (that):
14. A: Will M a r y c o m e ? 1. a c u r e will ever be found for c a n c e r ?
B: Very likely. 2. a completely "safe" cigarette will s o o n be discovered?
3. Britain will ever have a n o t h e r w o m a n P r i m e M i n i s t e r ?
15. A: W h a t t i m e is it? 4. S p a r t a k will win t h e next World cup?
B: It's a q u a r t e r to t h r e e . 5. you'll be able to buy a M e r c e d e s soon?
A: Isn't your w a t c h a little slow? 6. it will rain t o m o r r o w ?
B: T h a t ' s quite possible.
2. Respond expressing uncertainty.
16. A: I c a n ' t find Peter. Wherever c a n he be?
B: It's difficult to say. He m a y be at h o m e or he m a y be at t h e D o you t h i n k (that):
club. 1. there will ever be a World G o v e r n m e n t ?
A: Do you t h i n k he might be at t h e c i n e m a ? 2. cities will be built u n d e r t h e sea?
B: T h a t ' s very likely. 3. t h e r e will be a T h i r d World W a r by 2030?
4. English will b e c o m e t h e world language?
17. A: G e o r g e seems to be o u t of sorts today. 5. it will be possible to go on holiday to t h e M o o n in t h e next Fifty
B: He must be tired of life. years?
A: I t h i n k he must be ill. 6. t h e world will e n d o n e day?
B: T h a t ' s very likely. 7. t h e o c e a n s will dry up?
8. m a n will live on t h e M o o n o n e day?
18. A: I ' m going to sell my c a r tomorrow.
B: W o n ' t t h a t be very difficult? 3. Respond expressing probability.
A: I h o p e not.
D o you t h i n k (that):
19. A: W h a t did M o t h e r say just now? 1. t h e Olympic G a m e s in t h e i r present form will die out?
B: She said, " B e quiet, c h i l d r e n ! " 2. t h e U S A will ever have a w o m a n president?
A: D i d they hear? 3. o u r c o u n t r y will ever m a n a g e to send a m a n to M a r s ?
B: Yes, I t h i n k so. 4. E n g l a n d will w i n t h e next Olympics?
5. you'll be rich o n e day?
2 0 . A: T h a t was fun?
6. t h e winter will be cold?
B: Well, yes, I suppose so.
7. you'll pass your English exam?
2 1 . A: H a s he ever b e e n to C h i n a ?
4. Choose the correct response from the box to complete the dialogue.
В: I d o n ' t t h i n k so.
I don't expect so. I'm afraid not. I expect so.
2 2 . A: Will he c o m e ?
Of course not. I don't think so. I hope not.
B: Yes, I suppose so.
Joe: It's n o t t h r e e — t h i r t y yet, is it?
2 3 . A: D o e s he still work there?
Tim: ... I've an a p p o i n t m e n t at t h r e e — thirty. N o , it's just
В: I believe so/not.
after t h r e e .
2 4 . A: Will you be late? Joe: G o o d . I've got to p h o n e Angela. Have you got 10 p
В: I expect so. c h a n g e for t h e payphone?
Tim: Let's see. N o , . . . Sorry. W h y d o n ' t you try t h e cafe"? A: A r e you sure you c a n ' t r e m e m b e r ?
Joe: Do you t h i n k they'll c h a n g e a ten p o u n d note? B: Absolutely certain.
Tim: ... T h e y usually d o n ' t m i n d . A: Were you in or out? C a n you r e m e m b e r t h a t ?
Joe: But it's after t h r e e o'clock. W o n ' t it be closed by now? B: I'm not quite sure. I t h i n k I went out at about half past n i n e .
Tim: ... T h e y n o r m a l l y stay o p e n all a f t e r n o o n . A: D i d you see a n y o n e c o m i n g i n t o t h e block of flats?
Joe: O h , great. Listen, would you m i n d keeping an eye on my B: N o , I d i d n ' t .
bag? A: Sure?
Tim: B: There is no doubt about it.
Joe: T h a n k s . I'll be back in a m o m e n t . (A few moments later) 2. A: Do you t h i n k Peter will do well, Mr Atkins?
O K , I've got it. Is anybody using t h e p a y p h o n e now? B: Very probably. H e ' s bright a n d works h a r d .
Tim: ... It's b e e n o u t of order for t h r e e weeks! A: Will he do well in M a t h s ?
Joe: T h a n k s for telling m e ! В: I expect so. H e ' s pretty g o o d at M a t h s .
A: A n d in Science?
5. Complete the conversations with the correct responses.
B: H e ' l l very probably get a d i s t i n c t i o n in Science. H e ' s excel
1. A: I t h i n k it'll rain t h i s a f t e r n o o n . lent at it.
В: a) I d o n ' t t h i n k , b) So will I. с) I h o p e not. A: Will he do well in t h e L a n g u a g e paper?
В: I doubt it. He d o e s n ' t like writing essays.
2. A: A r e you going to M e x i c o as usual t h i s year?
A: We were h o p i n g he'd get a scholarship.
B: a) Yes, I will, b) I expect so. c) N o , I w o n ' t .
B: I ' m afraid t h a t ' s not very probable. Peter's clever a n d works
3. A: Were you able to get tickets for W i m b l e d o n ? h a r d , b u t t h e L a n g u a g e p a p e r will let h i m d o w n .
B: a) I ' m afraid n o . b) I ' m afraid so. c) I ' m afraid not. A: So there's no c h a n c e of a scholarship?
4. A: Is your friend Jack still in hospital? B: N o , I don't think so.
B: a) I'm afraid, b) I suppose so. c) I ' m afraid so.
5. A: We c a n ' t really ask Bob to give us a lift again.
B: a) N o , I suppose not. b) I suppose so. с) I suppose. 1. — Э т о х о р о ш о , ч т о вы едете к р о д и т е л я м . Вы т а м х о р о ш о
отдохнете.
6. A: Will you call in to see J u d y while you're in Boston? — Безусловно.
B: a) I ' m afraid so. b) I d o n ' t t h i n k so. d) I expect not.
2. — Он не б о л е н ?
6. In pairs, ask and answer each other about events in the future — Н а д е ю с ь , ч т о нет.
concerning the people or topics below. Try to vary your conversational
response each time. 3. — Вы п р о б у д е т е в Л о н д о н е до в е с н ы ?
— В о з м о ж н о , но я не у в е р е н .
a famous p e r s o n / a n event in your school or college/a s p o r t i n g
event/political events in your c o u n t r y / t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l news 4. — С л е д у ю щ е й в е с н о й вы о п я т ь с о б и р а е т е с ь поехать в Шот
ландию?
A: Do you think Michael Jackson will cancel his concert?
В: I hope not./I don't think s o . — Я не у в е р е н . В о з м о ж н о да, а в о з м о ж н о и нет.
7. Read the dialogues replacing the phrases in italics with phrases of 5. — Вы д у м а е т е , в а м здесь п о н р а в и т с я ?
— Я уверен в этом.
similar meaning.
1. A: W h e r e were you last night at exactly 9.20 p.m.? 6. — Ты думаешь, н а ш а команда победит?
B: 9.20 p.m.? I couldn't say. I c a n ' t r e m e m b e r . — К о н е ч н о , нет.
7. — Ты д у м а е ш ь , з а в т р а будет д о ж д ь ? Begin:
— Д а , е с т ь б о л ь ш а я в е р о я т н о с т ь т о г о , ч т о будет.
A: Did you leave London 15 July, then?
8. — Э н н , в о з м о ж н о , о т к а ж е т с я от р а б о т ы . B:... .
— Это маловероятно.
2. Ask questions about future events. Your friend will consider their
9. — А л и с а п р и д е т на в е ч е р и н к у ? likelihood.
— Полагаю, ч т о да. A: Do you think you'll .... ?

B: That's not very likely.
10. — Вы о т п р а в и т е э т о п и с ь м о ?
— Обязательно. 3. Ask someone about his/her future plans. Let him/her reply using
expressions of probability and improbability.
11. — Я д у м а ю , ч т о е щ е пару д н е й х о р о ш а я погода продер
жится.
— В о з м о ж н о . Но... бог знает.
12. — Вы д у м а е т е , в а м з д е с ь п о н р а в и т с я ?
— Я уверен в этом.
13. — Ты д у м а е ш ь ей п о н р а в и т с я э т а к в а р т и р а ?
— Не с о м н е в а ю с ь .
14. — Из н е г о в ы й д е т х о р о ш и й у ч и т е л ь .
— Несомненно.
15. — О н а , н а в е р н о е , не з н а е т его а д р е с а .
— Б о ю с ь , ч т о нет.
16. — З д е с ь автобусы не ходят. П р и д е т с я и д т и п е ш к о м .

— Б о ю с ь , ч т о да.
17. — О н а е щ е не уезжает?
— Н а д е ю с ь , ч т о нет.
18. — В о з м о ж н о , ей д а д у т г л а в н у ю р о л ь .
— Сомневаюсь. О н а вряд ли подходит д л я этой роли.
19. — Я п о ч т и у в е р е н , ч т о з а в т р а будет д о ж д ь .
— Не д у м а ю .
Role Play
/. A friend of yours is asking about your holidays. He/she wants to

know what you did, where you went and so on. Some of the questions
you can answer with certainty. Others you can't because you've already
forgotten.
UNIT 25 323
was an old g e n t l e m a n t h e r e , but I was t o o shy to speak to h i m . Later

he gave me a cigarette a n d we talked. We stopped at a place called
R e a d i n g a n d t h e n went o n . I t h o u g h t the j o u r n e y was t a k i n g a long
time.
Unit 25 T h e n a m a n c a m e to collect o u r tickets. He looked at m i n e and
said: "Brimstead? You're in the wrong train, Miss." It was terrible.
TOPIC: Travelling by train 1 cried: " S t o p the train! I must get out!" But the m a n said: "We d o n ' t
stop until Bristol." At last we got there. 1 got out and ran like the wind
Illustrative Text with my suitcase to catch the next train back to L o n d o n . I crossed the
lines — a lot of porters shouted after me, but I didn't stop. T h e L o n d o n
You Remember Me, Don't You? train was just leaving. It was a slow train: it stopped at every station.
Scene: the m a i n hall of Paddington Station (one of the m a i n W h e n I got back here, the last train to Brimstead had just gone. It's
L o n d o n railway stations) only a small town, you see."
"But why are you sitting out here in this cold?"
It was late at night, but there were still a lot of people c o m i n g and "It's t o o stuffy in the waiting r o o m . "
going. There was a noise of trains. " P o o r A n n ! C o m e and spend the night at my lodgings. My land-
A good-looking, fair-haired Swiss girl of about twenty was sitting lady will be pleased to see you."
on her suitcase. H e r chin was in her h a n d s a n d she looked tired and
depressed. N o b o d y spoke to her, nobody even looked at her.
A n o t h e r young w o m a n went past. She noticed the fair girl. She Comprehension
stopped in surprise, t u r n e d round and looked again. "Why, it's A n n , /. Listen to the text "You Remember Me, Don't You?" and answer
isn't it?" T h e fair girl looked up. At first she didn't recognize the other
the questions.
girl. "You remember me, d o n ' t you? I ' m Pauline. We were at school
together." W h e r e did Pauline meet A n n ? D i d A n n recognize her at once?
A n n j u m p e d to her feet. "Of course! My dear Pauline! I ' m so glad W h y did A n n look so tired and depressed? H o w did it h a p p e n that she
to see you." got into the wrong train?
" I ' m glad I noticed you. But what are you doing here? I didn't
2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer-
know you were in England."
"I arrived from Z u r i c h at one o'clock. I had lunch at Victoria
Station. I t h i n k I took a long t i m e over it. A n d now I ' m alone in
L o n d o n . I don't know anybody. A n d what a day I've had! I must sit Special Difficulties
on this suitcase until tomorrow m o r n i n g . I'm going to stay with some
3. Respond using the words in brackets.
people called Forest. T h e y live miles and miles in the country. But I've
missed the last train." — Bob got another job, I suppose, (old)
"Missed the last train? Have you really? T h a t ' s bad luck. But how — N o , he was too old to get another job.
did you miss it? It seems rather silly."
"It isn't far from Victoria to P a d d i n g t o n , but it t o o k a long t i m e ... I suppose.
to get there. I t o o k a taxi, but still I arrived late. I ran i n t o t h e sta- 1. Tom went alone, (young) 2. Peter got t h r o u g h the window, (fat)
tion a n d shouted: " W h i c h is the four o'clock t r a i n for B r i m s t e a d ? " 3. G e o r g e drove the car. (drunk) 4. M a r y walked upstairs, (weak)
But the p o r t e r t h o u g h t I said: "Bristol!" He put me in a t r a i n just 5. Peter ate something, (ill) 6. James bought the house, (poor) 7. F r a n k
as it moved away from the station. I was very p r o u d of c a t c h i n g the understood, (stupid) 8. Jack b e c a m e a jockey, (small) 9. T h e other
t r a i n at t h e last m i n u t e . I settled d o w n in the c o m p a r t m e n t . T h e r e driver listened to you. (excited) 10. She wore your coat, (tall)
4. Fill in like or as. — You should be t h e r e at 11.31, but you may be a bit late.
— Do I have to change?
S a m S a n d e r s o n works ... a pianist in a r e s t a u r a n t in C h i c a g o . No
— Yes. You c h a n g e at Lewes a n d East C r o y d o n .
o n e in t o w n plays t h e p i a n o ... well ... he does. He looks a bit ... Stevie
Wonder, t h a t is why he is k n o w n to his friends ... "Stevie". O n e night 2. — W h i c h t r a i n do I take for Victoria, please?
he was playing in t h e r e s t a u r a n t ... usual, w h e n he was a p p r o a c h e d by — 9.28.
t h e leader of the biggest j a z z b a n d in A m e r i c a . He offered S a m a j o b — W h e n d o e s it get in?
... lead pianist in his b a n d . T h i s m a d e h i m so happy, he felt ... d a n c i n g
— It gets t h e r e at 11.34.
on his p i a n o . So he did!
— M u s t I change?
5. Make sentences using the word combination to be proud of. — N o , it's a t h r o u g h t r a i n .
3. — W h a t t i m e ' s t h e next t r a i n to Victoria, please?

Mr Green/work for this firm
Mr Green is proud of working for this firm. — 9.26. Platform 4.
— W h e n do we get there?
1. Betty/type without mistakes. 2. D i c k / h a v e a car. 3. Bill/speak — It's d u e at 11.35, b u t t h e y ' r e r u n n i n g late today.
C h i n e s e . 4. He/live in t h i s country. 5. Kate/swim so well. 6. P a u l / e a r n — Is it necessary to change?
so m u c h money.
— Yes. C h a n g e at East C r o y d o n .
6. Fill in the correct particles. 4. — Excuse me...
1. T h e prisoner g o t . . . . 2. W h e n the t r a i n stopped, he g o t . . . . 3. H o w — Yes. C a n I help you?
are you getting ... ? 4. W h e n will she get ... ? 5. D o n ' t worry about the — Yes, I'd like some i n f o r m a t i o n about t r a i n s , please.
snake. It's in a box. It c a n ' t g e t . . . . 6. T h e class g o t . . . w h e n t h e t e a c h e r — W h e r e to?
c a m e in. 7. She m a n a g e d to g e t . . . t h e first difficulties. 8. Never g e t . . . a — ...to L o n d o n .
stranger's car. 9. She g o t . . . t h e bus every m o r n i n g . 10. I've always g o t . . . — When?
very well with my colleagues. 11. I'm glad to hear you have got ... your — Tomorrow.
cold. 12. W h e n do we get ... N e w York? 13. I want to get ... from the — M o r n i n g or afternoon?
city. 14. G e t ... t h e ladder. 15. H o w c a n I get my b o o k s ... ? 16. I must — In t h e evening. About six o'clock.
get ... with my work. 17. She's never really got ... with her sister. — T h e r e ' s o n e at 6.40.
— T h a n k you.
Text Exercises 5. — I w a n t a ticket to Bern, please, s e c o n d class.
7. Ask and answer questions about Ann's adventure. — Single or r e t u r n ?
— R e t u r n , please.
8. Speak about Ann's adventure. — Sixty-five p o u n d s , please. Five p o u n d s c h a n g e , t h a n k you.
— C o u l d you tell me what t i m e t h e next t r a i n is?
9. Did you ever have an experience like that? Tell about it.
— 8 o'clock, platform 12. If you hurry, you'll just c a t c h it.
— Thanks.
6. Travel agent: G o o d afternoon.
T Listen, read and practise. Traveller: G o o d a f t e r n o o n . I'd like a rail ticket to A m s t e r d a m ,
please.
Booking Train Tickets Travel agent: Certainly. W h e n are you travelling?
1. — W h e n d o e s t h e L o n d o n t r a i n leave, please? Traveller: I ' m t a k i n g the four o'clock t r a i n today.
- 9.25. Platform 3. Travel agent: First or s e c o n d class?
— W h a t t i m e does it reach L o n d o n ? Traveller: First class, please.
Travel agent: T h a t ' s £ 82.25, please. [У| W h e r e do t h e A l m a r s p l a n to go? W h a t enquiries does Peter
Traveller: Do you accept credit cards? m a k e at t h e travel agency? H a s he b o o k e d t h e tickets?
Travel agent: Certainly. T h a n k you. Sign here, please. T h a n k
you very much. A. Ask questions. Do it, as in the examples.
Traveller: T h a n k you. a) You want to know if there's a train from Stockholm to M a l m o .
Could you tell me if there's a train from Stockholm to Malmo,
Asking about Travel please?
Peter and Maria A l m a r are in Istanbul. They plan to go to A t h e n s
b) You want to know where the toilet is.
for three days and then back to Istanbul. Peter is enquiring at a travel
Could you tell me where the toilet is?
agency about travel to Athens.
how much it costs to fly to Tokyo.
Peter: G o o d m o r n i n g . I want to go to Athens. Could you how much a letter to France costs.
tell me if there's a train today or tomorrow? if there's a bus to the airport.
You want to know
Travel agent: There's a train every evening at 22.30. what time breakfast is.
when the next train leaves.
Peter: W h a t time does it arrive in Athens, please?
if you can book a seat in advance.
Travel agent: T h e train leaving today arrives at 11.40 on
Wednesday.
Peter: How much does it cost? B. Report the conversation "Asking about Travel".
Travel agent: T h e single fare is TL 848 first class a n d TL 567
C. Act out the conversation.
second class.
Peter: Sleeping a c c o m m o d a t i o n is included, is it? D. Act out similar conversations on the topic "Booking Train Tickets".
Travel agent: N o , that's extra.
Peter: Oh. W h a t sort of a c c o m m o d a t i o n is there? At the Railway Station
Travel agent: Well, that depends on whether you travel first or
Jane: Hello, Mr Blake. We're are n o t late, are we?
second class. T h e r e are single-berth c o m p a r t -
Mr Blake: Hello, J a n e . N o , you're n o t late. I was a bit early.
ments for first class passengers a n d two or t h r e e -
Jane: W h e n d o e s t h e t r a i n leave?
berth c o m p a r t m e n t s for second-class passengers.
Mr Blake: It leaves at four twenty-seven (4.27). If we hurry,
Peter: How m u c h is a first-class berth?
we'll be able to c a t c h it.
Travel agent: TL 425 each night. Jane: Is it an express?
Peter: C a n I book a berth in advance?
Mr Blake: N o , it's a stopping t r a i n .
Travel agent: Yes, we can book a berth for you, providing there's Jane: Shall I buy t h e tickets, Mr Blake?
space, of course. Mr Blake: O h , yes, I forgot about t h e m . T h e r e ' s t h e b o o k i n g
Peter: I see. A n d how m u c h is it to Athens by air, please? office.
Tourist class? Jane: Do you know how m u c h t h e fare is?
Travel agent: TL 1699. There's a flight tomorrow at 17.50 that Mr Blake: Seventy-five p e n c e (75 p) for a single ticket a n d o n e
gets to A t h e n s at 18.40. p o u n d fifty for a r e t u r n . But ask for a weekend re
Peter: Is there any reduction for a return journey? t u r n . T h a t m i g h t be cheaper. A n d ask for a time
Travel agent: N o , it's double fare, the same each way. table, t o o . You'll need it on Sunday.
Peter: Well, I'll have to t h i n k about it first. I'll call back Jane: All right. I'll m e e t you at t h e e n t r a n c e to t h e plat
to book the tickets. T h a n k you. form. W h i c h platform is ours?
Travel agent: T h a n k you, sir. Mr Blake: Platform sixteen. I'll take your suitcase. W h i c h one's
Note: TL = Turkish Lira yours?
Jane: That one's mine. " I shall probably protest," h e said t o t h e c o n d u c t o r , " b e c a u s e I a m
Mr Blake: Hurry. T h e t r a i n leaves at four twenty-seven. (4.27) a heavy sleeper, but do not pay any a t t e n t i o n to t h a t . P u t me off t h e
Jane: F r o m platform sixteen? t r a i n anyway."
Mr Blake: Yes. A few m i n u t e s later M a r k Twain went to sleep. Later, w h e n he
woke u p , it was night a n d t h e t r a i n was already in Paris. He realized
pT[ W h e n does t h e t r a i n leave? Is it an express or a stopping train?
t h a t t h e c o n d u c t o r h a d forgotten t o wake h i m u p a t Dijon. H e got very
W h o is going to buy t h e tickets? W h a t is the fare? F r o m what
platform does t h e t r a i n leave? W h e r e do they agree to meet? angry. H e r a n u p t o the c o n d u c t o r a n d began t o shout a t h i m . " I have
Will Mr Blake help J a n e with h e r suitcase? never b e e n so a n g r y in all my life," he said. T h e c o n d u c t o r looked at
h i m calmly. " B u t you are not half so a n g r y as the A m e r i c a n w h o m
I p u t off t h e t r a i n at Dijon."
Listening
[ T ] W h e r e was M a r k Twain travelling once? W h a t did he ask t h e
Linda Goes to Liverpool c o n d u c t o r t o do? W h a t did h e w a r n t h e c o n d u c t o r about? W h e n
L i n d a found a seat in a c o m p a r t m e n t t h a t was full of middle-aged did M a r k Twain wake up? W h y did he get angry? W h y d i d n ' t
b u s i n e s s m e n . O n e of t h e m offered to p u t h e r case on t h e rack for her. t h e c o n d u c t o r p u t h i m off t h e t r a i n at Dijon?
She politely told h i m she c o u l d do it herself. T h e m a n started t a l k i n g
to her after she h a d sat d o w n . She tried to avoid getting i n t o a conver A Vacant Seat
sation but it was impossible. He was o n e of t h o s e b o r i n g types t h a t go
It was Sunday. T h e t r a i n s were crowded. A m a n was looking for a
on t a l k i n g even if n o b o d y is interested.
seat in a carriage. S u d d e n l y he saw a v a c a n t seat. But a small suitcase
W h e n she casually mentioned that she was going to Liverpool in
lay on t h a t seat a n d a well-dressed g e n t l e m a n was sitting next to it. " I s
order to do a report on the city, he began telling her all about the place.
Several hours went by. He talked a n d talked. Linda hardly said anything. this seat v a c a n t ? " asked t h e m a n . " N o , it isn't. It's my friend's seat. He
Finally, the train got into Liverpool. T h e m a n kept on talking until the will s o o n c o m e . He has gone out to buy some cigarettes," t h e gentle
very last m i n u t e . L i n d a got up to go. Just then he invited her to a party. m a n said.
He said he would introduce her to all his friends so that she could learn "Well," said t h e m a n . " I ' l l sit here till he c o m e s . " Ten m i n u t e s
m o r e about Liverpool. Linda politely refused a n d hurried out of the com later t h e t r a i n s t a r t e d but n o b o d y c a m e . " Y o u r friend is late," said t h e
p a r t m e n t . She could still hear the m a n ' s voice. He was talking to some m a n . " H e h a s missed his t r a i n but h e m u s t n ' t lose his suitcase." W i t h
one else in the c o m p a r t m e n t a n d she h a p p e n e d to catch a few words. these words he t o o k t h e suitcase a n d t h r e w it out of t h e window. T h e
" N i c e girl," he was saying. " B u t you know, she t a l k e d so m u c h that well-dressed g e n t l e m a n got up a n d tried to c a t c h t h e suitcase. But it
I could hardly put in a word." was t o o late. It was his suitcase a n d he h a d t a k e n a second seat for his
own comfort.
[У] W h o else was in t h e c o m p a r t m e n t ? W h a t did t h e m a n do w h e n
L i n d a c a m e in? W h a t did L i n d a try t o avoid? W h y ? W h y was [7] W h a t was t h e m a n looking for? D i d he find a v a c a n t seat? W h a t
she going to Liverpool? W h a t h a p p e n e d w h e n she m e n t i o n e d did t h e well-dressed g e n t l e m a n say? W h a t did t h e m a n decide
this? W h a t h a p p e n e d d u r i n g t h e j o u r n e y ? W h a t h a p p e n e d just t o do? W h a t h a p p e n e d w h e n t h e t r a i n started?
after t h e t r a i n got i n t o Liverpool?
At the Station
Mark Twain in France Steve: I was waiting on t h e platform for the Bristol t r a i n w h e n a
M a r k Twain, t h e famous A m e r i c a n writer, was travelling in F r a n c e . lady asked me if I knew t h e t i m e of t h e next t r a i n to Oxford. I often
O n c e he was going by t r a i n to Dijon. T h a t afternoon he was very tired have to go to Oxford myself, so I knew. A few m i n u t e s later a m a n
a n d w a n t e d to sleep. So he asked t h e c o n d u c t o r to wake h i m up a n d w a n t e d to k n o w w h e t h e r t h e t r a i n for Bristol h a d already left. I knew
put h i m off t h e t r a i n w h e n they reached Dijon. t h a t it h a d n ' t , so of course I told h i m . T h e m a n i n q u i r e d why t h e t r a i n
from B i r m i n g h a m was late. I d i d n ' t know but I told h i m it was usually My Uncle Tom
because of the line repairs. I c o u l d n ' t u n d e r s t a n d why all these people
were asking me questions. T h e n I noticed t h a t I was s t a n d i n g next to My uncle Tom worked on t h e railway. It wasn't a big station, it was
a big sign t h a t said: " I n f o r m a t i o n " . a little place called L o w t o n Cross. O n l y about two t r a i n s a day s t o p p e d
t h e r e , and T o m was station master, chief p o r t e r all in one. In fact,
[У| W h a t t r a i n was Steve waiting for? W h a t questions was he asked? Tom did any work that c a m e along. L o w t o n Cross was t h e pride of
W h a t did he answer? W h y did people keep asking h i m ques his h e a r t ; t h e waiting r o o m was cleaned every day by t h e chief cleaner
tions? (Tom); t h e chairs were polished by t h e chief polisher (Tom); a n d t h e
tickets were sold a n d collected by t h e chief ticket collector (Tom) —
Seeing off s o m e t i m e s t h e r e were as m a n y as four tickets a day — a n d t h e m o n e y
was c o u n t e d every evening by t h e chief clerk (Tom).
O n e evening t h r e e m e n c a m e o n t o t h e platform a n d asked t h e por
T h a t station was r u n well. T o m was very strict about rules. He
ter: " W h a t t i m e is t h e next t r a i n to Liverpool?" T h e p o r t e r said: "You
knew what a passenger was allowed to do a n d was n o t allowed to d o .
have just missed o n e . But t h e y go every hour. T h e next o n e is at 10
He was there for 50 years a n d t h e n he h a d to retire. T h e r e is no doubt
o'clock." " T h a t ' s all right," they said, "we'll go a n d have a d r i n k . "
t h a t T o m did his j o b well, in all t h e 50 years he never missed a single
T h e y went to t h e refreshment r o o m . A m i n u t e or two after 10
day. So t h e railway c o m p a n y w a n t e d to t h a n k h i m for his job. A m a n
o'clock they c a m e r u n n i n g a n d said t o t h e porter: " H a s t h e t r a i n
from t h e h e a d office was asked to go to L o w t o n Cross to do it.
g o n e ? " "Yes," he said, "it went at ten o'clock as I told you. T h e next
T o m was t h a n k e d a n d was given a small c h e q u e as a present. He
is at eleven o'clock." " T h a t ' s all right," they said, "we'll go a n d have
was very pleased, of course, but he said to t h e m a n : "I d o n ' t n e e d t h e
a n o t h e r d r i n k . " S o they went back t o t h e refreshment r o o m .
money. But c a n I have s o m e t h i n g t h a t will r e m i n d me of t h e h a p p y
T h e y missed t h e eleven o'clock t r a i n in t h e s a m e way, a n d t h e
days I have spent in L o w t o n C r o s s ? " T h e m a n asked h i m what he
p o r t e r said: " N o w t h e next t r a i n is t h e last o n e ; if you miss t h a t , you
w a n t e d . "Well, sir, could t h e C o m p a n y let me have a p a r t of an old
w o n ' t get to Liverpool t o n i g h t . "
railway carriage? It d o e s n ' t m a t t e r how old or b r o k e n it is. I w a n t to p u t
Twelve o'clock c a m e , a n d t h e last t r a i n was just starting o u t when
it in my garden, a n d every day I c a n go a n d sit in it."
t h e t h r e e of t h e m c a m e out of t h e refreshment r o o m r u n n i n g as fast as
About a week later a carriage was sent a n d was t a k e n into Tom's
they could. Two of t h e m got in a carriage just as t h e t r a i n was leaving,
garden. T o m worked at it, a n d it was cleaned a n d p a i n t e d a n d polished.
b u t t h e t h i r d o n e d i d n ' t r u n fast e n o u g h a n d t h e t r a i n went out leaving
S o o n we went to see T o m . It was a bad day for a visit. It b e g a n to r a i n
h i m b e h i n d . He stood t h e r e looking at t h e t r a i n a n d laughing, as if
as we got off t h e t r a i n , and by t h e t i m e we got to T o m ' s house it was
to miss a t r a i n was t h e best joke in t h e world. T h e p o r t e r went up to
r a i n i n g h a r d . W e k n o c k e d but t h e r e was n o answer. T o m wasn't i n t h e
h i m a n d said: " I told you t h a t this was t h e last t r a i n . W h y d i d n ' t you
house. We t h o u g h t he was in his carriage. Sure e n o u g h , he was there,
come earlier?"
but he was n o t sitting in his carriage, he was outside, on t h e step of t h e
T h e m a n c o u l d n ' t answer because h e was laughing. T h e n h e said carriage s m o k i n g his pipe. H i s head was covered with a sack. We asked
to t h e p o r t e r : " D i d you see t h o s e two m e n get into t h e t r a i n a n d leave h i m why he did not go inside t h e carriage. " C a n ' t you see," said T o m ,
me h e r e ? " "Yes, I saw t h e m . " "Well, 1 was t h e o n e w h o was going to " t h e carriage they sent me was a n o n - s m o k e r . "
Liverpool; they only c a m e here to see me off."
[ ? ] W h e r e did uncle T o m work? H o w m a n y t r a i n s a day stopped
[7] W h y did t h e t h r e e m e n c o m e to t h e station? H o w often did the at t h e station? W h a t k i n d of work did uncle Tom do? W h a t
t r a i n s to Liverpool go? W h e r e did t h e t h r e e m e n go to kill the did t h e C o m p a n y d o t o t h a n k Tom? W h a t present did u n c l e
t i m e before t h e j o u r n e y ? Did they c a t c h t h e 10 o'clock train? T o m w a n t t o receive? W h a t present was u n c l e Tom given? W h o
W h a t h a p p e n e d a few m i n u t e s after 11 o'clock? W h a t t i m e was c a m e to see uncle T o m once? W h a t was t h e weather like t h a t
t h e last t r a i n to Liverpool? Did t h e m e n catch it? W h y was t h e day? W h e r e did T o m ' s relatives find h i m ? W h a t were they sur
t h i r d m a n laughing? prised at? W h y d i d n ' t T o m go inside t h e carriage?
Reading Fluency
At the Railway Station /. Answer the questions.
It's c o m m o n knowledge t h a t nowadays people travel a lot. T h e y H o w often do you travel by train? Do you enjoy travelling by t r a i n ?
travel on business a n d for pleasure, about t h e c o u n t r y a n d abroad. W h y / W h y not? W h a t do you like or dislike about large stations? W h e n
T h o s e w h o wish to travel have at their disposal various m e a n s of trans did you last travel by train? W h e r e did you go? D i d you b o o k a ticket
in advance? How m u c h did it cost? D i d you travel by an express or by
p o r t : express t r a i n s a n d big ships, cars a n d jet airliners.
a stopping t r a i n ? You d i d n ' t have to c h a n g e t r a i n s , did you? W h a t t i m e
A l t h o u g h we all agree that t h e future belongs to t h e air t r a n s p o r t ,
did t h e t r a i n leave? W h e n did you arrive at t h e station? Did you travel
t h e railway is still o n e of t h e most p o p u l a r m e a n s of c o m m u n i c a t i o n .
light or heavy? W h a t did you do after you b o a r d e d t h e t r a i n ? Did you
Of course, if people are short of t i m e a n d have to travel a long d i s t a n c e
have a lower or an u p p e r berth? W h i c h b e r t h do you prefer? H o w m u c h
they usually travel by air. But if they have t i m e , they prefer to go by
did t h e b e d d i n g cost? How did you spend t h e t i m e d u r i n g t h e j o u r n e y ?
train. D i d you like t h e c o n d u c t o r ? Was he/she very helpful? D i d you get off
W i t h a t r a i n you have speed, comfort a n d pleasure c o m b i n e d . t h e t r a i n on your way to X? W h e n did t h e t r a i n arrive in X? H o w long
F r o m t h e comfortable c o r n e r seat of a carriage you have a splendid did you stay in X? W h a t was your j o u r n e y back like?
view of t h e countryside. If you are hungry, you c a n have a m e a l in t h e
d i n i n g c a r a n d if t h e j o u r n e y is long, you c a n have a comfortable b e d 2. Speak on:
in a sleeper. a) your last j o u r n e y by t r a i n ;
A big railway station is a very busy a n d interesting place. Let's b) t h e local railway station.
i m a g i n e t h a t we are at o n e of t h e m .
T h e r e are a lot of platforms at w h i c h t r a i n s c o m e in a n d go o u t . A 3. Discuss the following.
t r a i n is s t a n d i n g at o n e of t h e platforms ready to leave. T h e p o r t e r s are 1. A big railway station is t h e best place to spend a spare hour.
very busy c a r r y i n g luggage to t h e t r a i n or p u s h i n g it on their t r u c k s . 2. T h e r e is n o t h i n g like travelling by t r a i n .
On a n o t h e r platform a t r a i n h a s just c o m e in. S o m e passengers are get
ting out, o t h e r s are getting in. T h o s e w h o haven't got t h e i r tickets in 4. Act out the following situations.
a d v a n c e are waiting in queues at t h e b o o k i n g office. At t h e bookstalls 1. An English colleague of yours wants to go to Moscow to take part
people are c h o o s i n g b o o k s , m a g a z i n e s a n d newspapers for t h e journey. in an exhibition. He/she asks you about trains to Moscow. You've been to
At t h e c l o a k r o o m some people are leaving a n d t a k i n g t h e i r luggage. Moscow m a n y times a n d give h i m / her all the necessary information.
T h e r e are a lot of notices in a big railway station. You m a y see 2. You are in L o n d o n on business. You are going to take p a r t in a
E N T R A N C E a n d E X I T . T h e r e i s also a W A I T I N G R O O M where conference in York. You k n o w t h a t t h e best way to get there is to go
you c a n relax until it is t i m e to b o a r d your t r a i n . If you are h u n g r y or by t r a i n . You p h o n e the railway b o o k i n g agency to i n q u i r e about t h e
thirsty, you'll g o t o t h e R E F R E S H M E N T R O O M . t i m e t a b l e a n d tickets.
If you d o n ' t k n o w t h e n u m b e r of t h e platform from w h i c h your 3. You are on b o a r d t h e t r a i n M i n s k - M o s c o w . T h e r e is an

E n g l i s h m a n / E n g l i s h w o m a n in your c o m p a r t m e n t . After a while you
t r a i n leaves, look for t h e notices A R R I V A L S a n d D E P A R T U R E S .
are busy talking.
T h e y will tell you t h e n u m b e r of t h e platform.
W h e n you arrive in a large town you may leave your heavy luggage Write about a journey by train that impressed you greatly.
at t h e station. In t h i s case, you will look for t h e C L O A K R O O M or
LEFT LUGGAGE OFFICE. Self Check
You will see t h e notice B O O K I N G O F F I C E . T h i s is where you buy
/. Insert articles if necessary.
your ticket. If you d o n ' t k n o w t h e t i m e or t h e platform your t r a i n leaves
from, you'll g o t o t h e I N Q U I R Y O F F I C E o r t h e I N F O R M A T I O N ... (1) David Ross, ... (2) 32-year-old a c c o u n t a n t , lives with his wife
BUREAU. a n d two c h i l d r e n in ... (3) L e e m i n g , ... (4) small c o u n t r y village n e a r ...
(5) York in ... (6) n o r t h of... (7) E n g l a n d . But his j o b is in ... (8) c e n t r e — Есть ли поезда на Москву сегодня?
of... (9) L o n d o n , 400 miles (640 k m ) away in ... (10) south. — Да, есть два н о ч н ы х поезда.
Every day David leaves ... (11) h o m e at five o'clock in ... (12) m o r n i n g , — Когда они отправляются?
drives three miles to his local railway station and catches ... (13) 5.30 train — В 9 и 11 ч а с о в .
to ... (14) York. At... (15) York he takes ... (16) 6.12 InterCity Express to ... — Когда поезд, который отправляется в 9 часов, прибывает
(17) King's Cross in ... (18) L o n d o n . F r o m there he goes by ... (19) under в Москву?
ground to ... (20) Liverpool Street Station and walks to his office. — В 7 ч а с о в утра.
... (21) whole j o u r n e y takes t h r e e h o u r s a n d fifty m i n u t e s . He gets — Э т о в р е м я м е н я у с т р а и в а е т . Е с т ь л и б и л е т ы н а э т о т по
езд?
... (22) h o m e at n i n e o'clock in ... (23) evening. W h a t ... (24) life!
— Да, есть несколько билетов первого класса.
W h y does he do it? David smiles: " B e c a u s e I like my j o b in ... (25)
— М н е повезло.
L o n d o n but I like living in ... (26) n o r t h — a n d I like ... (27) travelling
by ... (28) t r a i n . "
2. Fill in the gaps with prepositions if necessary.
A. Mr D o b s o n is fond ... (1) travelling. He t h i n k s there is n o t h i n g

like travel ... (2) b o a r d ... (3) t h e t r a i n . Last week Mr D o b s o n went ...
(4) D u b l i n ... (5) business. He travelled ... (6) t r a i n . He arrived ... (7)
t h e station an h o u r ... (8) t h e d e p a r t u r e . ... (9) his arrival ... (10) t h e
station he b o u g h t some newspapers a n d a magazine... (11) t h e news
agent's a n d went ... (12) t h e waiting r o o m to wait ... (13) his t r a i n . He
was reading a newspaper w h e n he h e a r d t h e loudspeaker: "Attention,
please! T h e t r a i n ... (14) D u b l i n is leaving ... (15) platform 1." Mr
D o b s o n put his newspaper ... (16) his briefcase, got up a n d went... (17)
his platform. He found his carriage a n d b o a r d e d ... (18) t h e t r a i n . He
h a d a comfortable night ... (19) t h e t r a i n a n d reached ... (20) D u b l i n
... (21) 8 a.m.
B. Last year I went ... (1) a trip which was an absolute disaster.
I was going to Berlin ... (2) business when ... (3) accident, I got ... (4)
t h e wrong t r a i n . We were ... (5) t h e way to Brussels before I realized
my mistake. W h e n I got to Brussels I had m o r e problems because all
my m o n e y was ... (6) G e r m a n M a r k s a n d I d i d n ' t have my credit card
with m e . ... (7) c h a n c e , I found a helpful p o l i c e m a n w h o was s o o n ...
(8) the p h o n e to my company. T h a n k s ... (9) his help I was able to ar
range for some m o n e y to be sent to a nearby b a n k . 1 spent t h a t night
in a hotel a n d paid my bill ... (10) cash before leaving. ... (11) t h e end
I got to Berlin twenty-four h o u r s later t h a n I had expected. Everyone
t h o u g h t my trip was a big joke, especially when I told t h e m I h a d seen
Brussels ... (12) t h e way.

— Д о б р ы й день!
— Д о б р ы й д е н ь . Ч т о я могу сделать д л я вас?
UNIT 26 337
(Type 2) (Type 3)
If I liked pop music, I would have c o m e to the concert with you.
(Type 3) (Type 2)
Unit 26 If you h a d n ' t left the m a p at h o m e , we wouldn't be lost now.
G R A M M A R : The Subjunctive Mood (1). Conditionals
Practice
CONDITIONALS
/. Complete each sentence. Use the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Illustrative Situations 1. If Jack (not/leave) now, he (miss) the bus. 2. If you (heat) water,
Type 1 If-clause Main clause Use it (boil). 3. If you (press) that button, a bell (ring). 4. If M a r y (not/
real if+ Future/ real or very probable practise) her French, she (not/improve) it. 5. If George (come) late, the
present Present S. Imperative situation in the pres- teacher (be) angry. 6. If I (get) a headache, I usually (take) some aspirin.
unless (= if can/must/may + ent or future 7. If I (see) Joe tomorrow, I (tell) h i m your news. 8. If he (be leaving)
not) bare infinitive at 6 o'clock, I (ask) h i m to give me a lift. 9. Unless it (rain), we (go) for
Present Simple a walk. 10. If he (arrive) on time, we (have) dinner before we (go out).
11. Mary (not/go) to Australia unless I (pay) for her ticket. 12. If I (go)
If he c o m e s late, we'll miss the bus.
on a diet, I (lose) weight. 13. If flowers (not/get) any water, they die. 14. If
If you can't afford it, d o n ' t buy it.
you (need) any help, you (tell) me? 15. Sarah (be) angry if we (not/go) to
If you see her, can you give her a message?
If water gets very cold, it t u r n s into ice. her party? 16. If you (be) ill, (see) a doctor. 17. If I (have) time tonight,
Unless it rains, we'll go to the beach. I (finish) the novel I ' m reading. 18. If you (not/do) your homework,
I (not/let) you watch TV. 19. Unless you (drive) carefully, you (have) an
Type 2 If-clause Main clause Use
accident. 20. If you (leave) meat in the oven for a long time, it (burn).
unreal if + Past S. would/could/ improbable situa-
present might + bare in- tion in the present or
2. Match the parts of the sentences.
finitive future; also used to
give advice 1. If I were you, a) we would buy one.
If I were you, I would see a doctor, (advice) 2. If Sarah lived near m e , b) I would do more exercise.
If I h a d money, I could buy a new car. (But I don't have enough 3. If Peter had a lot of money, c) we could see each other more
m o n e y to buy one.) (improbable situation) often.
Type 3 If-clause Main clause Use 4. If D a d didn't have to work d) we would go for a drive in the
unreal past / / + Past would/could/ unreal or improbable today, country.
Perfect might + have + situation in the past; 5. If we had a car, e) he would give some to charity.
past participle also used to express
regrets and criticism
6. If cameras d i d n ' t cost so 0 he would take us to the zoo.
much,
If you h a d n ' t been rude, he wouldn't have fired you. (But you were
very rude and he fired you.) (criticism) 3. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
A. 1. Simon would like to buy some new clothes, but he hasn't
Mixed Conditionals got much money. He says: "If I (have) more money, I (buy) some new
We can form mixed conditionals, if the context permits it, by c o m - clothes." 2. Sarah would like to write to her friend, Alan, but she has
b i n i n g an //-clause from one type with a m a i n clause from another. lost Alan's address. She says: "If I (know) Alan's address, I (write)
to h i m . 3. You would like to buy some shoes, but you t h i n k they are 6. Look at the word combinations below and use them to make sen
t o o expensive. You say: "I (buy) t h e m if they (not/be) so expensive." tences, as in the example.
4. Peter is t h i n k i n g of buying a new record. Sally t h i n k s the record isn't
very good. She says: "I (not/buy) it if I (be) you." 5. A n d r e w ' s elder repair my bicycle/ride it
brother, S i m o n , still lives at h o m e . A n d r e w says: " I f I (be) Simon's age, If I repaired my bicycle, I could ride it.
I (not/live) at h o m e . " 6. M i k e lives in L o n d o n , but he d o e s n ' t like living 1. exercise m o r e often/be fit; 2. get lost/ask for help; 3. find some
there. You ask h i m : " W h e r e (you/live) if you (can) live a n y w h e r e ? " where to live/move house; 4. buy a c a m e r a / t a k e pictures; 5. travel in
N e w York/visit the Statue of Liberty; 6. w i n $l,000,000/stop working;
B. Sarah is a bored teenager. If she (join) a club, she (make) m o r e
7. go c a m p i n g / t a k e my sleeping bag; 8. n e e d money/ask my p a r e n t s ;
friends. She (enjoy) herself if she (go) out m o r e . H e r schoolwork is suf
9. it be cold/wear my c o a t ; 10. break my a r m / g o to hospital; 11. have
fering, t o o . If she (study) m o r e , she (have) better m a r k s a n d she (enter)
a d o g / n a m e it I r m a ; 12. have a big garden/have b a r b e c u e s every week
university. Unfortunately, she is b e c o m i n g overweight. She (feel) fitter
e n d ; 13. k n o w how to drive/buy a c a r
if she (start) s w i m m i n g , a n d she (get ) t h i n n e r if she (stop) eating so
much chocolate. 7. Complete each sentence. Use either Conditional 1 or Conditional 2.
4. Imagine the following situations. Then make sentences with if. 1. Sue d o e s n ' t ride a bike to school because she d o e s n ' t have o n e . If
Sue ... . 2. C h r i s will pass his e x a m s , but he has to work h a r d . If C h r i s
He smokes t o o much; perhaps that's why he can't get rid of his ... . 3. J o h n isn't fat because he d o e s n ' t eat a lot. If J o h n ... . 4. Ellen
cough. d o e s n ' t have a car, so she walks to school. If Ellen ... . 5. Ali's English
If he smoked less he might (be able to) get rid of his cough. will improve, b u t he h a s to practise. If Ali ... . 6. P a t won't be late
but she h a s to hurry. If Pat ... . 7. R i t a d o e s n ' t like s w i m m i n g so she
1. She is very shy; t h a t ' s why she d o e s n ' t enjoy parties. 2. He d o e s n ' t
d o e s n ' t go to t h e b e a c h . If R i t a . 8. Paul will get better, but he h a s to
take any exercise; t h a t ' s why he is so u n h e a l t h y . 3. I haven't t h e right
take his m e d i c i n e . If Paul ... . 9. David d o e s n ' t get up early because he
c h a n g e so we c a n ' t get tickets from t h e m a c h i n e . 4. T h e y speak F r e n c h
lives n e a r t h e school. If David ... . 10. C a r o l will c a t c h t h e b u s but she
to her, not English, so h e r English d o e s n ' t improve. 5. He d o e s n ' t work
h a s to leave now. If C a r o l . . . .
overtime, so he d o e s n ' t e a r n as m u c h as I do. 6. My n u m b e r isn't in t h e
d i r e c t o r y so people d o n ' t ring me up. 7. T h e shops d o n ' t deliver now, 8. Match the parts of the sentences.
which m a k e s life difficult. 8. We haven't any m a t c h e s so we c a n ' t m a k e
1. If I h a d n ' t missed t h e bus, a) he would have gone to uni
a fire. 9. I c a n ' t drive so we c a n ' t take t h e car. 10. We have no ladder
versity.
so we c a n ' t get over t h e wall. 11. I haven't m u c h t i m e so I read very
little. 12. T h e y d o n ' t clean t h e windows so t h e r o o m s look r a t h e r dark. 2. If she h a d n ' t felt ill t h i s b) we would have eaten it.
13. I haven't got a v a c u u m cleaner; t h a t ' s why I ' m so slow. 14. I d o n ' t morning,
k n o w his address so I c a n ' t write to h i m . 15. You work t o o fast; t h a t ' s 3. If t h e food h a d n ' t b e e n aw c) C h r i s w o u l d n ' t have given
why you m a k e so m a n y mistakes. 16. I c a n ' t park n e a r my office; t h a t ' s ful, me flowers.
why I d o n ' t c o m e by car. 17. I haven't a m a p so I c a n ' t direct you. 4. If he h a d passed his exams, d) I would have accepted t h e
18. People drive very fast. T h a t ' s why t h e r e are so m a n y a c c i d e n t s . job.
5. If t h e salary h a d been good, e) I w o u l d n ' t have b e e n late for
5. Look at the sentences below, then give advice, as in the example. work.
— I don't feel well, (see a doctor) 6. If it h a d n ' t b e e n my birth f) she would have gone to
— If I were you, I would see a doctor. day, school.
1. I ' m tired, (go to bed early) 2. I d o n ' t have a n y money, (get a job) 9. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
3. I ' m hungry, (make a sandwich) 4. I need to lose some weight, (join a
1. She would have spoken to you if she (see) you. 2. If you (not/
gym) 5. I want to learn F r e n c h , (take F r e n c h lessons) 6. My CD player
be) so busy yesterday, I would have visited you. 3. If you (see) t h e
h a s broken, (call t h e r e p a i r m a n ) 7. I'm bored, (go for a walk)
film, you (enjoy) it. 4. She would have gone to university if she (have)
t h e o p p o r t u n i t y . 5. If he had been m o r e careful, he (not/have) an ac 11. Rephrase the following as mixed conditional sentences, as in the
cident. 6. If I had k n o w n you were in hospital, I (visit) you. 7. If you example.
(arrive) ten m i n u t e s earlier, you would have got a seat. 8. I w o u l d n ' t
She isn't at the meeting because she wasn't told about it.
have believed it if I (not/see) it with my own eyes. 9. If he had slipped,
She would be at the meeting if she had been told about it.
he (fall) 500 m e t r e s . 10. If he h a d asked you, you (accept)? 11. If you
had told me that he never paid his debts, I (not/lend) h i m t h e money. 1. I d i d n ' t apply for t h e job. I d o n ' t want to work t h e r e . 2. He d i d n ' t
12. If you (speak) m o r e slowly, he m i g h t have u n d e r s t o o d you. 13. If take his j o b seriously. He's u n e m p l o y e d now. 3. He d i d n ' t t r a i n every
he h a d k n o w n t h e whole story, he (not/be) so angry. 14. If I (try) day. He w o n ' t win t h e race. 4. I d i d n ' t b o o k seats. We c a n ' t go to the
again, I t h i n k I would have s u c c e e d e d . 15. She was sent to prison only c o n c e r t t o n i g h t . 5. You d i d n ' t w a r n m e . N o w I ' m in a difficult situ
because she refused to pay t h e fine; if she (pay) t h e fine, she (not/ ation. 6. I d o n ' t k n o w h i m very well so I d i d n ' t give h i m any advice.
send) to prison. 16. W h y d i d n ' t you say t h a t you were short of money? 7. She is not careful. She got i n t o trouble. 8. He is n o t practical. He
If I (know), I (lend) you s o m e . 17. " W h y did you t h r o w away those b o u g h t t h i s useless t h i n g .
newspapers? I h a d n ' t finished with t h e m . " " I ' m sorry. If I (know) you
were still reading t h e m , I (not/throw) t h e m away." 18. I d i d n ' t recog 12. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
n i z e h i m at first b e c a u s e he was wearing dark glasses; if he (not/wear)
1. " W h a t t i m e will you be h o m e t o n i g h t ? " " I ' m not sure. If I (have
t h e m , I (recognize) h i m immediately. 19. We were travelling with false
to) work late, I (call) you." 2. "I felt very tired at work today." "Well,
passports. T h a t was t h e trouble. If o u r passports (be) all right, we (not/
if you (not/watch) t h e late film, you (not/feel) so t i r e d . " 3."Should
arrest). 20. T h e club secretary is useless. He never tells anybody any
I buy t h a t c a r ? " " W h y not? If I (have) t h e money, I (buy) it myself."
t h i n g . We (not/know) about t h e m e e t i n g if t h e c h a i r m a n (not/tell) us.
4. " D o n ' t cry. Everything will be alright." "Yes, but if I (not/miss) t h e
21. If television (invent) in t h e e i g h t e e n t h century, G e o r g e W a s h i n g t o n
bus, I w o u l d n ' t have b e e n late for school." 5. " I f you (pass) a c h e m i s t ' s ,
(interview) regularly on t h e evening news. 22. My wife a n d I met on
(you/get) me s o m e c o u g h m e d i c i n e ? " "Yes, certainly." 6. " M y sister
a cruise. I was on it b e c a u s e I was recovering from an illness, a n d
s e e m s very upset at t h e m o m e n t . " " I f I were you, I (talk) to h e r about
she was t h e ship's doctor. Just t h i n k ! If I (not/be) ill, a n d if she (not/
it." 7. " U n l e s s you (hurry), you (be) late again." " N o , I w o n ' t . T h e r e ' s
be) t h e doctor, we ( n o t / m e e t ) , we (not/get) m a r r i e d , a n d o u r c h i l d r e n
plenty of t i m e . " 8. If she (not/break) t h e window, she w o u l d n ' t have
(not/be) b o r n ! W h a t a t h o u g h t ! 23. If J o h n (not/oversleep), he (not/
h a d to pay for a new o n e . 9. I would buy t h a t bag if it (be) cheaper.
be) late for work. If he (not/ be) late for work, his boss (not/fire) h i m .
10. If she (open) the letter, she would have b e e n surprised. 11. If t h e
If J o h n (not/lose) his j o b , he ( n o t / n e e d ) m o n e y a n d he (not/rob) t h e
m i l k m a n (come), tell h i m to leave two pints. 12. Fred failed t h e test
b a n k . I f h e (not/rob) t h e b a n k , t h e police (not/arrest) h i m .
b e c a u s e he d i d n ' t study, however, if he (study) for the test, he (pass)
it. 13. T h a t s o u n d s like a good job. If I (be) you, I (accept) it. 14. I ' m
10. Imagine the following situations. Then make sentences with if.
h u n g r y now because I d i d n ' t eat d i n n e r . But if I (eat) d i n n e r , I (not/
I didn't see the signal, so I didn't stop. be) h u n g r y now. 15. " I f you (see) Bill, c a n you tell h i m to call m e ? "
If I had seen the signal, I would have stopped. " O f c o u r s e . " 16. "Will you c o m e t o t h e c i n e m a with m e ? " " I ' m sorry
but I ' m busy. If I (not/have) so m a n y t h i n g s to do at h o m e , I (come)
1. She was ill, so she d i d n ' t go to work. 2. It r a i n e d all m o r n i n g , so
with you." 17. If I (have) t i m e yesterday, I (go) shopping. 18. I (not/
I d i d n ' t go out. 3. She d i d n ' t have e n o u g h money, so she d i d n ' t buy t h e
leave) my last j o b if t h e wages (be) better. 19. " D o you live in P a r i s ? "
shoes. 4. I wasn't hungry, so I d i d n ' t have breakfast. 5. Sheila d i d n ' t
" N o , but if I (live) in Paris, I (learn) to speak F r e n c h fluently." 20. If
leave early, so she missed t h e bus. 6. I d i d n ' t buy m o r e m i l k , so I d i d n ' t
G e o r g e (know) her n a m e , he would tell m e .
have e n o u g h for breakfast. 7. We forgot to take a m a p , so we got lost in
t h e m o u n t a i n s . 8. I d i d n ' t go to bed early, so I d i d n ' t wake up at 7.00.
13. Make sentences with if. Follow the patterns in the examples.
9. M i k e d i d n ' t m a k e a s h o p p i n g list, so he forgot to buy s o m e coffee.
10. I d i d n ' t realize you were tired w h e n I asked you to go for a walk. a) If I have enough money, ...
11. T h e R o m a n s d i d n ' t sail across t h e Atlantic, so they d i d n ' t reach Student A: If I have enough money, I'll buy (can buy) a car.
A m e r i c a . 12. I d i d n ' t t u r n left at the station, a n d I lost my way. Student B: If I buy a car, I'll drive (can drive) to Florida.
Student С: If I drive to Florida, I'll go (can go) to Miami. Fluency

Student D: If I go to Miami, I ...
b) If I had enough money, ...
Student A: If I had enough money, I would buy (could buy) a car. If I Lived in London...
Student B: If I bought a car, I would drive (could drive) to Florida. Mikis: I t h i n k the t h e a t r e s here are excellent. If I lived in
Student C: If I drove to Florida, I would go (could go) to Miami. L o n d o n , I'd probably go to t h e t h e a t r e every week.
Student D: If I went to Miami, I ... All: Yes, I agree. I've already seen four or five plays. On
S a t u r d a y I ' m going to see " W h e n We Are M a r r i e d " at
c) If I had had enough money, ...
the National Theatre.
Student A: If I had had enough money, I would have bought (could O h , are you? Have you b o o k e d a seat?
Mikis:
have bought) a car. Ali: N o , not yet.
Student B: If I had bought a car, I would have driven (could have Mikis: Well, if I were you, I'd b o o k immediately. It's a very
driven) to Florida. p o p u l a r play. W h a t a pity I w o n ' t be here! I've already
Student C: If I had driven to Florida, I would have gone (could a r r a n g e d to go to Bristol. If I were staying in L o n d o n ,
have gone) to Miami. I'd go with you.
Student D: If I had gone to Miami, I ...
Situation 1. Your friend is tired today. Give him/her some advice.
1. If I have e n o u g h money, ... What would you do if you were your friend? What would you do if you were
2. If I h a d e n o u g h money, ... free tomorrow?
3. If I h a d h a d e n o u g h money, ...
4. If I have e n o u g h t i m e , ... I've Never Been to America
5. If I h a d e n o u g h t i m e , ... Barbara: If I h a d a three-week holiday in August, I'd fly to L o s

6. If I h a d h a d e n o u g h t i m e , ... Angeles. I've never b e e n to A m e r i c a .
7. If t h e w e a t h e r is hot/cold t o m o r r o w , ... Steve: W h y Los Angeles, and why August? You'd see more if
8. If t h e weather were hot/cold, ... you flew to N e w York a n d went on the bus. A n d you'd
9. If t h e w e a t h e r h a d b e e n hot/cold yesterday, ... save money if you travelled in the low season, say, May or
10. If I h a d a m i l l i o n dollars, ... September. October is even cheaper. If you went then, you
would save even more. T h e return fare to N e w York on
14. Answer the questions in complete sentences. British Airways or P a n Am is less t h a n £ 200 in October.
Barbara: O h , really? P e r h a p s I c a n go t h e n instead!
1. W h e r e would you be right now if you weren't in class? 2. W h a t
would you have d o n e yesterday if you h a d n ' t c o m e to class? 3. W h a t Situation 2. If, beginning from tomorrow, you had a two-week holiday
would you do t o d a y if you h a d e n o u g h time? 4. W h a t would you have and unlimited funds, what would you do? Why?
d o n e yesterday if you h a d h a d e n o u g h time? 5. W h a t would you b u y if
you h a d e n o u g h m o n e y ? 6. W h a t would you have b o u g h t yesterday if
you h a d h a d e n o u g h m o n e y ? 7. W h a t would you do if t h e r e were a fire I'd L i k e t o Live i n t h e C o u n t r y
in t h i s building? 8. If you h a d your o w n private plane, where would Pete: I really h a t e my flat in t h e centre of t o w n . If I lived in
you go for d i n n e r t o n i g h t ? 9. Your friend w a n t s to learn English as t h e c o u n t r y , I would grow all my o w n vegetables a n d
quickly as possible. Give h i m / h e r s o m e advice. W h a t would you do if I'd be able to walk for miles in total peace. I'd learn
you were your friend? 10. W h a t would you do if you were t h e t e a c h e r of a b o u t birds and trees and...
t h i s class? 11. W h a t would you do t o n i g h t if you d i d n ' t have to study? Jen: C o m e o n , be realistic! You never walk if you c a n help
12. W h a t would you have d o n e yesterday if your friend h a d called on it a n d w h a t ' s m o r e you're allergic to grass! If you lived
you? in t h e c o u n t r y , you'd be sneezing all day!
Situation 3. If you had to leave your country and build a new life Situation 6. If you had to choose among good health, a loving family,
elsewhere, where would you go? Why? and wealth (and you could have only one of the three during the rest of
your life), which would you choose? Why?
He Ought to Have Worked Harder
Situation 7. If you could stay one particular age for a span of 50 years,
If C h r i s h a d realized how difficult it would be to get a j o b later what age would you choose? Why?
he would have worked m u c h h a r d e r at school. But he d i d n ' t realize.
Anyway, n o b o d y explained it to h i m . Even if his t e a c h e r s had t a k e n t h e
Self Check
trouble t o help h i m , C h r i s w o u l d n ' t have d o n e a n y t h i n g . H e was only
interested in playing t e n n i s w h e n he was at school. 1. Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense. Retell the text.
C h r i s h a s a j o b r e p a i r i n g b r o k e n t e n n i s racquets!
N o r m a isn't h a p p y with her life. If she (listen) to her m o t h e r ' s ad
Situation 4. If you could have free service for the rest of your life from vice, she (stay) at school a n d (go) to university. She (can/find) a g o o d
a chauffeur, cook, housekeeper, or gardener, which would you choose? j o b if she h a d got a degree. N o r m a hates t h e j o b she is d o i n g now.
She t h i n k s she (go) crazy if she (stay) t h e r e m u c h longer. If she (offer)
Unexpected Guests a n o t h e r j o b , she (take) it immediately. In fact, she (leave) if she (can)
afford t o , but she c a n ' t . Life (be) easier if she (not/have) two c h i l d r e n
Melba h a d a very difficult situation at her h o u s e a few days ago. to s u p p o r t .
H e r relatives from M i n n e a p o l i s arrived unexpectedly, w i t h o u t any ad
vance notice whatsoever, a n d they expected to stay for t h e weekend. 2. Translate into English.
Melba was very upset. If she h a d k n o w n t h a t her relatives from
1. Е с л и бы я б ы л на т в о е м месте, я бы п о с о в е т о в а л с я с ро
M i n n e a p o l i s were going to arrive a n d expected to stay for t h e weekend,
д и т е л я м и . 2 . Е с л и б ы о н з н а л , ч т о э т о вас р а с с т р о и т , о н б ы л б ы
she would have p r e p a r e d for t h e i r visit.
о с т о р о ж н е е . 3. Я п о з в о н ю тебе, е с л и у м е н я будет в р е м я . 4. Он бы
She would have b o u g h t a lot of food. She would have cleaned t h e
лучше знал английский, если бы летом читал английские к н и г и .
house. A n d she certainly w o u l d n ' t have invited all of her d a u g h t e r ' s
5. Е с л и бы ты п р е д у п р е д и л м е н я з а р а н е е , я бы с е й ч а с уже б ы л в
friends from nursery school to c o m e over a n d play.
Москве. 6. Ты бы чувствовал себя лучше, если бы ложился спать
P o o r Melba! She really wishes her relatives h a d called in a d v a n c e
р а н ь ш е . 7 . Е с л и т ы п о п р о с и ш ь его, о н п о ч и н и т т в о й в е л о с и п е д .
to say they were c o m i n g . 8. Если бы о н и п р и ш л и пораньше, о н и бы смогли з а н я т ь л у ч ш и е
места. 9. Е с л и бы я ж и л б л и з к о , я бы ч а щ е з а х о д и л к в а м . 10. Е с л и
Situation 5. Tell about one thing that you did yesterday. What would
б ы о н н е следовал с о в е т а м врача, о н б ы н е п о п р а в и л с я т а к б ы с т р о .
have happened if you had not done that?
И . Е с л и б ы т ы тогда п о с л у ш а л с я м о е г о совета, т ы б ы н е б ы л сей
ч а с в т а к о м з а т р у д н и т е л ь н о м п о л о ж е н и и . 12. Мы бы не о п о з д а л и
Is Samantha Going to Get Married?
н а поезд, е с л и б ы в з я л и т а к с и . 13. Е с л и б ы о н а р а б о т а л а более
All t h e people at t h e office are t a l k i n g about S a m a n t h a these days. у п о р н о , о н а бы з а р а б а т ы в а л а б о л ь ш е . 14. Ч т о ты будешь делать,
You see, there's a r u m o u r t h a t S a m a n t h a is going to get m a r r i e d soon, е с л и т а к с и н е приедет? 15. Е с л и б ы е е м у ж б ы л тут, о н а б ы л а б ы
a n d everybody is c o n v i n c e d t h a t t h e r u m o u r is t r u e . с ч а с т л и в а . 16. Где бы ты хотел ж и т ь , е с л и бы не ж и л в М о с к в е ?
After all, if she weren't going to get m a r r i e d soon, she w o u l d n ' t be 17. Е с л и бы о н а з н а л а а н г л и й с к и й , о н а могла бы с м е н и т ь рабо
asking everybody about houses for sale in t h e area. She w o u l d n ' t have ту. 18. М ы б ы п о ш л и н а т у в е ч е р и н к у , е с л и б ы н а ш л и н я н ю д л я
requested two weeks off next m o n t h . A n d she definitely w o u l d n ' t be м а л ы ш а . 19. Ч т о бы о н а делала, е с л и бы я не о д о л ж и л ей денег?
wearing a beautiful new ring from her boyfriend! 20. Я бы п о д в е з т е б я , е с л и бы м о я м а ш и н а вчера не с л о м а л а с ь .
Of c o u r s e , t h e people at t h e office d o n ' t k n o w for sure w h e t h e r 21. М ы б ы н е з а к а з ы в а л и т а к с и , е с л и б ы з н а л и , к а к э т о д о р о г о .
S a m a n t h a is going to get m a r r i e d soon. It's only a r u m o u r . 22. Е с л и б ы т ы п о п р о с и л его р а н ь ш е , о н смог б ы о д о л ж и т ь тебе
T h e y ' l l just have to wait a n d see. денег.
UNIT 27 347
Practice
1. Change each sentence so that it starts with a gerund.
It's difficult to learn a foreign language.

Unit 27 Learning a foreign language is difficult.
G R A M M A R : The gerund 1. It's interesting to visit m u s e u m s . 2. It's i m p o r t a n t to get a good

education. 3. It's nice to make new friends. 4. It's fun to go to parties.
5. It's enjoyable to go out for dinner. 6. It's expensive to buy a car.
Illustrative Situations 7. It's good to help other people. 8. It's hard to get up early. 9. It's tiring
T h e gerund is used: to study late at night. 10. You are forbidden to park here. 11. It's not
necessary to book a table. 12. It's wrong to copy other people! 13. It's
1) as a noun. relaxing to listen to music. 14. You are not allowed to smoke. 15. It's
Walking is a good exercise. wonderful to w i n a prize.
Eating vegetables is good for your health.
Not understanding teenagers is the first sign of middle age. 2. Complete the sentences using the gerund.
2) after certain verbs (admit, avoid, delay, enjoy, excuse, fancy, My hobby is ... .
finish, forgive, give up, imagine, keep (on), mind, postpone, practise, My hobby is fishing.
put off, risk, suggest, etc.). 1. My brother's hobby is ... . 2. My favourite sport is ... . 3. H e r
Tony avoided answering my question. favourite pastime is ... . 4. My ambition is ... . 5. His a i m is ... . 6. H e r
I don't m i n d going shopping. j o b was ... . 7. T h e first t h i n g to do was ... . 8. His intention is ... 9. T h e
only way out was ... . 10. H e r d r e a m is ... . 11. My hobby is ... .
3) after: love, like, prefer, dislike, hate to express general preference.
3. Use the gerund in the correct form.
She likes painting, (in general)
1. He gave up (play) football years ago. 2. Try to avoid (make) h i m
Note: like + to-inf. = it's a good idea; it's useful
angry. 3. I m a g i n e (live) with s o m e o n e w h o never stops (talk). 4. "Are
I like to wash my hair every day.
you listening to m e ? " "Yes, keep (talk). I ' m listening." 5. He dislikes
4) after prepositions. (visit) by strangers. 6. Would you m i n d (not/smoke)? 7. I don't m i n d
h i s / h i m (promote) above me. 8. Let's postpone (go) abroad until the
He left the shop without paying so he was accused of stealing.
political situation improves. 9. He delayed (tell) her the news, waiting
I'm tired of going to work by bus every m o r n i n g .
for the right m o m e n t . 10. He a d m i t t e d (make) a mistake. 11. Fancy
She apologized for being late.
(get) married at 14! 12. Do you fancy (watch) the film on the other
5) after it's no use, it's (no) good, it's( not) worth, what's the use of, channel instead? 13. She couldn't stand (keep) waiting. 14. I suggest
can't help, can't stand, there's no point (in), a waste of money/time, be/ (hold) another meeting next week. 15. I often put off (wash) the d i n n e r
get used (accustomed) to, have difficulty (in), in addition to, etc. dishes until next m o r n i n g . 16. I didn't take it. I deny (take) it. 17. I r e -
It's no use complaining. m e m b e r (take) to Paris as a small child. 18. Forgive m y / m e (ring) you
He can't stand being treated like a slave. up so early. 19. He finished (speak) a n d sat down. 20. I hope you'll
It's worth seeing that film. excuse my (be) late. 2 1 . 1 enjoy (get up) early in the summer. 22. I p r a c -
tise (translate) every day. 23. It's not my fault that I eat a lot. I can't
6) after go for activities. help (eat). 24. They knew they risked (arrest). 25. I've taken to (wake
They often go climbing at the weekends. up) very early. 26. He has taken up (jog) in order to lose weight.
4. Use the correct preposition and put the verb into the correct form. 6. Complete the sentences using the gerund followed by an object.
1. Alice isn't interested (look) for a new job. 2. H e n r y is excited H e ' s good at ... bikes, (repair)
(leave) for I n d i a . 3. You are capable (do) better work. 4. I have no H e ' s good at repairing bikes.
excuse (be) late. 5. I ' m a c c u s t o m e d (have) a big breakfast. 6. T h e rain
1. ... fruit is good for you. (eat) 2. ... a c a r costs money, ( r u n )
prevented us (complete) t h e work. 7. Fred is always c o m p l a i n i n g (have)
3. I hate ... t h e washing-up. (do) 4. He enjoys ... orders, (give) 5. ...
a h e a d a c h e . 8. Instead (study), Margaret went to a ball g a m e with some
holes is h a r d work, (dig) 6. Do you m i n d .... places? (change) 7. ... b e d s
of her friends. 9. T h a n k you (help ) me carry t h e packages to t h e post
is boring, (make) 8. You should avoid ... rules, (make)
office. 10. Mr G r a n t insisted (know) t h e whole t r u t h . 11. He showed us
how to get to his h o u s e (draw) a m a p . 12. You should take advantage 7. Complete the sentences using (a) the object form + -ing or (b) the
(live) here. 13. L a u r a h a s a good reason (not/go) to class yesterday. possessive pronoun + -ing form.
14. I apologized to D i a n e (make) her wait for m e . 15. T h e weather is
Do you mind ... (I/open) the window?
terrible t o n i g h t , I d o n ' t b l a m e you (not/want) to go to t h e m e e t i n g .
(a) Do you mind me opening the window?
16. W h o is responsible (wash) a n d (dry) t h e dishes after d i n n e r ? 17. In
(b) Do you mind my opening the window?
addition (go) to school full-time, S a m h a s a p a r t - t i m e job. 18. T h e
a n g r y look on his face s t o p p e d me (speak) my m i n d . 19. W h e r e should 1. I d o n ' t m i n d (you/borrow) my car. 2. Do you m i n d (I/switch
we go for d i n n e r t o n i g h t ? Would you object (go) to an Italian restau on) t h e T V ? 3. T h e y insisted on (we/stay) for d i n n e r with t h e m . 4. He
rant? 20. T h e thief was accused (steal) a w o m a n ' s purse. 21. T h e j u r y insisted on (the boy/punish). 5. He insists on (John/invite). 6. H o w do
found Mr A d a m s guilty (take) m o n e y from the c o m p a n y he worked for you feel about (they/get) m a r r i e d ? 7. A n n ' s p a r e n t s d o n ' t like (she/go)
a n d (keep) it for himself. 22. Bill isn't used (wear) a suit a n d tie every to bed late. 8. I ' m worried about (she/take) so m u c h money. 9. I c a n ' t
day. 23. I ' m going to visit my family d u r i n g t h e school vacation. I ' m bear (he/treat) like t h a t . 10. T h e y c a n ' t prevent (he/become) an actor.
looking forward (eat) my m o t h e r ' s c o o k i n g a n d (sleep) in my own bed. 11. Please forgive (I/answer) like t h a t . 12. I c a n ' t excuse (she/not an
24. Sheila's very fond (tell) o t h e r people what to d o . 25. He s u c c e e d e d swer) o u r invitation. 13. We were excited about (Mary/win) a scholar
(get) a place at art school. 26. I've b e e n t h i n k i n g (look for) a new job. ship. 14.1 c o u l d n ' t u n d e r s t a n d (he/not/want) to go. 15. Would you m i n d
27. D i c k h a s always b e e n good (find) c h e a p flights. 28. H i s p a r e n t s (she/join) us? 16. She d o e s n ' t approve of (I/gamble). 17. I d i d n ' t like
d i d n ' t approve (him/stay) out so late. 29. She is not keen (tell) w h a t to (you/lend) t h e c a r to h i m . 18. T h e y tried to stop (we/sing). 19. I ' m bored
d o . 30. T h e r e are a lot of ways (do) it. 31. W h a t are my c h a n c e s (pass) with (they/complain). 20. She is worried about (we/arrest). 21. I d o n ' t
t h e exam? 32. T h e arrested m a n was suspected (break) i n t o t h e house. like (Tom/be) out so late. 22. W h o told you about (he/sack)?
33. I ' m n o t in t h e habit (let) strangers i n t o my a p a r t m e n t . 34. H i s
8. Put the verb in brackets into the -ing form or the infinitive.
excuse (forget) her b i r t h d a y was t h a t he h a d lost his diary. 35. I've
always d r e a m e d (live) on a small island in t h e Pacific. 36. She was 1. It won't take you long to get used (work) with your new computer.
tired (hear) about t h e i r t r i p to India. 37. I was d i s a p p o i n t e d (not/see) 2. My parents used (live) in L o n d o n , but now they live in Bristol. 3.1 nor
her at t h e party. 38. I c o n g r a t u l a t e d A n n (pass) t h e exam. 39. I was mally go to bed at about 10 o'clock. I ' m not used (stay) up late. 4. W h e n
surprised (you/speak) like that in front of t h e kids. 40. She was sure I was younger I used (play) a lot of football. N o w I never play. 5. It took
(grant) a scholarship. 41. I d o n ' t t h i n k my p a r e n t s will agree (my/go) me a long t i m e to get used (wear) glasses. 6. I ' m the boss. I ' m not used
to the mountains. (tell) what to do. 7. You'll have to get used (eat) less if you want to lose
weight. 8. Tom used (drink) a lot of coffee when he was a student.
5. Put the verb in brackets into the passive gerund.
9. Read a sentence and then write a second sentence with the same
1. He hates ( i n t e r r u p t ) . 2. She likes (send) flowers. 3. He insists meaning using the gerund.
on (tell) everything. 4. She is looking forward to (invite) to the party.
I phoned Ann and then I went out.
5. T h e m a n was a s t o n i s h e d at (award). 6. N o b o d y likes (laugh) at.
After phoning Ann I went out.
7. She avoids (introduce) to h i m . 8. She is p r o u d of (offer) t h a t interest
ing job. 9. He was surprised at (send) an invitation. 1. T o m went to bed but first he h a d a hot d r i n k . Before ... . 2. T h e
plane t o o k off a n d soon afterwards it crashed. S o o n after ... . 3. We 12. Make sentences using need doing = need to be done.
d i d n ' t eat at h o m e . We went to a r e s t a u r a n t instead. I n s t e a d of ... .
The dishes are dirty, (wash)
4. W h e n I woke up I felt m u c h better. On ... . 5. You put people's lives
They need washing. = They need to be washed.
in d a n g e r if you drive dangerously. You put people's lives in d a n g e r
by ... . 6. He h u r t his leg but he m a n a g e d to w i n t h e race. In spite 1. T h e c a r has broken down, (repair) 2. T h e question is difficult,
of... . 7. G e o r g e t o o k more exercise a n d so lost weight. By ... . 8. She (discuss) 3. T h e suit is dirty, (dry-clean) 4. T h e clothes are wet. (dry)
smiled w h e n she saw h i m . At ... . 9. After I have a short rest, I'll have 5. T h e work is urgent, (do) 6. T h e story has no end. (finish) 7. T h e r o o m
my d i n n e r . After ... . 10. He was busy but he helped m e . In spite of... . h a s n ' t been p a i n t e d for years, (paint) 8. Your h a i r is t o o long, (cut)
11. He arrived at t h e a i r p o r t a n d registered. On ... . 12. First read t h e 9. T h e s e shoes are rather dirty, (polish) 10. Your j e a n s are t o o long,
book, t h e n see t h e film. Before ... . (shorten) 11. T h i s plant h a s n ' t been watered for some time, (water)
10. Complete the following by using by + the gerund. Use the words 13. Respond to the comments.
from the box.
— That production of La Boheme is terrible. — Yes, I heard /not
eat smile watch worth
drink wag wave — Yes, I heard it's not worth seeing.
guess wash write
grow 1. T h a t new ballet has h a d great reviews. — Yes, I h e a r d / w o r t h
2. Should we go for a walk? It'll be d a r k s o o n . — N o , / n o t w o r t h / n o w
I. S t u d e n t s practise written English by writing c o m p o s i t i o n s . 2. We 3. W h a t ' s t h e b o o k like? Is it good? — Yes,/worth 4. W h a t do you t h i n k
clean o u r clothes t h e m in soap a n d water. 3. I save m o n e y on food of t h a t new p r o d u c t i o n of M a c b e t h ? Is it good? — N o , I d i d n ' t like
_ my own vegetables. 4. K h a l i d improved his English a lot of it./not w o r t h 5. W h a t is t h e car like? Is it good? — Yes, I t h i n k / w o r t h
TV. 5. We show o t h e r people we are h a p p y . 6. We satisfy o u r hun 6. D i d you like t h e exhibition? — Yes, /worth
ger _ _ s o m e t h i n g . 7. We q u e n c h o u r thirst s o m e t h i n g . 8. I fig
14. Join two sentences to make one sentence.
u r e d out what " q u e n c h " m e a n s . 9. Alex c a u g h t my a t t e n t i o n
his a r m s in t h e air. 10. My dog shows me she is h a p p y h e r tail. a) Don't worry about it. It's no use.
It's no use worrying about it.
Now complete the following with your own words. Use by + the ger
und. b) Don't get a taxi. It's not worth it.
I I . S t u d e n t s show t e a c h e r s they w a n t t o say s o m e t h i n g their It's not worth getting a taxi.
h a n d s . 12. You c a n destroy bacteria in meat it. 13. You c a n c o o k
1. D o n ' t t r y to escape. It's no use. It's no use ... .
an egg _ _ it or _ _ it. 14. After work, I relax or .
2. D o n ' t smoke. It's a waste of money. It's a waste ... .
11. Rephrase using without + the gerund. 3. D o n ' t ask T o m to help you. It's no g o o d ... .
4. D o n ' t hurry. It's not w o r t h it. It's not w o r t h ... .
a) She ran five miles. S h e didn't stop. 5. D o n ' t study if you're feeling tired. T h e r e ' s no p o i n t ... .
She ran five miles without stopping. 6. D o n ' t read newspapers. It's a waste of t i m e ... .
7. D o n ' t get angry. It's not w o r t h it. It's not w o r t h ... .
b) He left the room. Nobody saw him.
8. D o n ' t walk if you d o n ' t n e e d t h e money. T h e r e ' s no point ... .
He left the room without anyone seeing him.
1. He translated t h e article. He d i d n ' t use a dictionary. 2. Look 15. Read the following sentences and each time make a new sentence
using difficulty.
right a n d left before you cross t h e road. D o n ' t cross ... . 3. She got mar
ried. N o b o d y knew about it. 4. T h e y c a m e to t h e w e d d i n g . T h e y were I found a place to live but it was difficult.
not invited. 5. He c o u l d tell t h e funniest joke. He d i d n ' t even smile. I had difficulty finding a place to live.
UNIT 27 353
1. T o m finds it difficult to meet people. T o m has ... .

your birthday. It was awful of m e . 33. I'm sorry (say) t h a t you have
2. He found a job. T h a t wasn't difficult. He h a d no ... .
failed t h e e x a m . 34. I ' m sorry (hear) they fired h i m . 35. I ' m sorry for
3. It w o n ' t be difficult to get a ticket for t h e c o n c e r t . You w o n ' t (be) unfair to you. 36. He is afraid (touch) t h e dog in case it bites h i m .
have a n y . . . . 37. She d o e s n ' t w a n t to drive h e r father's car. She's afraid (crash) it.
4. I find it difficult to u n d e r s t a n d h i m w h e n he speaks quickly. 38. She was afraid (open) t h e door. 39. T o m likes (meet) new people.
I have ... . 40. I like (pay) my bills as s o o n as I get t h e m . 41. T h e y like (play) in
t h e sea on hot days. 42. I like (tidy) my r o o m at weekends because
16. Complete the sentences with one of the expressions from the box.
I d o n ' t have t i m e d u r i n g t h e week.
Put the verb into the correct form.
go skiing go shopping go swimming go sailing go riding 18. Put the verb in brackets into the infinitive or the -ing form.
T h e rules in my new school are very strict. T h e teachers d o n ' t al

1. Barry lives by t h e sea a n d he's got a boat, so he often ... . low (talk) in class at all. We are only p e r m i t t e d (speak) if they ask you
2. T h e r e ' s plenty of snow in t h e m o u n t a i n s so we'll be able to ... . a question. On t h e first day, t h e h e a d m a s t e r advised us all (work) very
3. It was a very hot day, so we ... in t h e river. h a r d . In fact, he r e c o m m e n d e d (study) for at least four h o u r s every eve
4. M a r g a r e t likes horses. She often . . . . n i n g ! We are not allowed (leave) t h e school at l u n c h t i m e but we are en
one
5. T h e shops are shut now. It's t o o late to ... . couraged (join) °f t h e school clubs. N e x t week I'm starting chess.
17. Put the verb in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing 19. Put the verb in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing
form. form.
1. I'll never forget (sail) d o w n t h e Volga on t h a t w a r m spring last W h e n I was y o u n g I used (love) (visit) my g r a n d p a r e n t s at their
year. 2. Please d o n ' t forget (pay) t h e bill. 3. O h , n o ! I forgot (lock) t h e cottage by t h e sea. I c o u l d n ' t wait for t h e school year (end). My father
front door. 4. I'll never forget (meet) my favourite film star. 5. J o h n would (drive) me to t h e cottage, w h e r e I loved (stay) for t h e whole
said he r e m e m b e r s (buy) the newspaper, but now he c a n ' t find it. s u m m e r . I looked forward to (go) fishing with my grandfather. M o s t
6. D i d you r e m e m b e r (post) t h e letters today? 7. I r e m e m b e r (read) days we m a n a g e d (catch) a lot of fish but we would (throw) t h e m all
t h e book, but I d o n ' t r e m e m b e r w h o wrote it. 8. R e m e m b e r (take) back i n t o t h e water. T h e n , we would (swim) in t h e clear blue sea. My
your keys! 9. We regret (inform) you t h a t t o n i g n t ' s p e r f o r m a n c e will g r a n d m o t h e r loved (cook) for us. I r e m e m b e r (bake) c h o c o l a t e c h i p
be cancelled. 10. He regrets (argue) w i t h his best friend. 11. I regret biscuits with her. T h e y were my favourite! She always let me (eat) a
(inform) you t h a t we c a n n o t give you your m o n e y back. 12. I regret biscuit as s o o n as they c a m e out of t h e oven. I c a n still (taste) t h e m
(say) what I said. 13. I regret (say) I feel ill. 14. G l o r i a regrets (shout) now, melting in my m o u t h ! I'll never forget (spend) those wonderful
at her sister. 15. We s t o p p e d (buy) some food before c o n t i n u i n g o u r s u m m e r s with my g r a n d p a r e n t s . I will always (keep) t h e m e m o r y of
journey. 16. T h a t p h o n e never stops (ring). 17. Stop (shout)! 18. She got t h e m close t o m y h e a r t .
a n n o y e d because her h u s b a n d s t o p p e d (look) in every s h o p window.
20. Complete the sentences using the verbal noun in the singular or in
19. Please stop (cry) a n d tell me what's wrong. 20. She tried (finish)
the plural.
h e r h o m e w o r k , but it was t o o difficult. 21. You should t r y (eat) m o r e
fruit. It's good for your h e a l t h . 22. You should t r y (make) your own He owns ... by Hockney. (paint)
clothes. It's m u c h cheaper. 23. I tried h a r d (not/laugh). 24. T h e stu He owns a painting by Hockney.
dents went on (write) for a n o t h e r hour. 25. He told us his n a m e a n d
1. He o w n s several ... by Hockney. (paint) 2. ... is priceless.
went on (introduce) us to his wife. 26. After cleaning the windows, he
( L e o n a r d o drawing) 3. Are there m a n y ...? ( L e o n a r d o drawing)
went on (wash) his car. 27. Go on (talk)! 28. She m e a n s (buy) a new
4. I have ... of Tosca. (new recording) 5. T h e r e was ... on t h e door,
c a r s o o n . 29. She is d e t e r m i n e d to get a ticket for t h e c o n c e r t , even if
(banging) 6. T h e r e was ... of bells, (ringing) 7. I have t h r e e ... of this,
it m e a n s (pay) a lot of money. 30. Being a d o c t o r m e a n s (work) long
(recording) 8. T h e r e ' s ... on t h e left, ( t u r n i n g ) . 9. T h e r e are t h r e e ... to
h o u r s . 31. We d i d n ' t m e a n (interrupt) you. 32. I ' m sorry for (forget)
t h e right, ( t u r n i n g )

21. Complete the sentences using the verbal noun after the, this and 5. Professor X (to his wife): T h i s t i m e you w o n ' t scold me for hav
these. ing left my umbrella in the club, for here it is.
His wife: P o o r boy, I shall scold you again, for t h i s t i m e
Who does the ... in this house? (cook)
you left h o m e without t a k i n g one.
Who does the cooking in this house?
6. A m a n w h o h a d travelled in Bengal was asked if he liked tiger
1. Have you d o n e t h e ... ? (shop) 2. T h e ... of rubbish is forbidden,
h u n t i n g . " W e l l ! " said t h e m a n , " I c e r t a i n l y enjoyed h u n t i n g tigers, but
( b u r n ) 3. T h i s ... is h a r d to read, (write) 4. T h e s e ... are expensive,
I must confess I h a t e d being h u n t e d by a tiger."
(draw) 5. I've t a k e n t h e w r o n g ... . ( t u r n ) 6. T h e ... of wine is difficult,
(make) 7. Have you h e a r d t h i s ... of Bach? (record) 8. T h e ... of Picasso 7. Uncle James: Well, Bobby, have you g a i n e d any prizes at
are wonderful, (paint) 9. T h e s e ... are valuable, (record) school?
Bobby: N o , sir, t h e o t h e r fellows have got t h e m all.
Uncle James: But you'll keep on trying, my boy, w o n ' t you?
Fluency
Bobby: W h a t ' s t h e use of t r y i n g w h e n t h e o t h e r fellows
• Study and practise. keep o n d o i n g t h e same?
1. Father: W h a t a n a u g h t y boy you are today, T o m m y ! 8. Grandfather: Excuse my interfering, d e a r daughter, b u t some
D i d n ' t I give you a shilling yesterday for be t h i n g must be d o n e with t h a t favourite son of
ing good? W h y c a n ' t you always be good like yours. Such a foolish a n d a r r o g a n t m a n he is!
your cousin Jack? Mother: D o n ' t be so strict, d e a r father. Boys will be boys.
Tommy: Well, daddy, it d o e s n ' t pay. If I were good But c e r t a i n l y s o m e t h i n g must be d o n e . I insist
every day, w h o would t h i n k of giving me a on his going abroad to see t h e world.
shilling for it? Grandfather: In your place I w o u l d n ' t do it.
Mother: W h y so, I wonder?
2. T h e t e a c h e r scolded o n e of her youngest pupils for having used
Grandfather: I would be afraid of t h e world seeing h i m .
a slang expression. T h e girl excused herself by replying, " M y b r o t h e r is
very fond of saying i t ! " " Y o u r b r o t h e r o u g h t to be m o r e careful w h e n
9 . O n c o m i n g h o m e M r A d a m s found M r s A d a m s i n tears.
s p e a k i n g in t h e presence of t h e younger c h i l d r e n , " said t h e teacher.
" W h a t ' s t h e matter, d a r l i n g ? " h e asked. " I h o p e you d o n ' t m i n d
"Well, m i s s , " said t h e child, " o n e c a n ' t stop boys from b r i n g i n g slang
my c o m i n g late. I h a d a lot of work to do today."
into the house."
" O h no, it's F r a n k . He's broken the window in the sitting r o o m a n d
3. Middle-aged man: O n e c a n ' t help saying t h a t old age is t h e least he's doing badly at school. T h e Principal insists on his leaving school."
pleasant t i m e of o u r life. " F r a n k , you bad b o y ! " s h o u t e d M r A d a m s looking angrily a t his
Pert young woman: W h a t would you give for being now as y o u n g son. " W h e n G e o r g e W a s h i n g t o n was your age he was at t h e t o p of his
as I a m ? class!"
Middle-aged man: O h , a great deal. 1 would put up with being "Well," answered t h e boy, " w h e n G e o r g e W a s h i n g t o n was your age
as foolish as you are. he was President of the U n i t e d States."
4. Young girl: C o u l d you tell m e , my d e a r a u n t , how you 10. Mother: Terry, I ' m just w o n d e r i n g . I don't remember
have s u c c e e d e d in preserving my uncle's love locking t h e front d o o r of t h e house. D i d you
a n d respect t h r o u g h all these long years of r e m e m b e r to do it?
your m a r r i e d life? Terry: Stop worrying a b o u t it now! It's t o o late! Anyway,
Old aunt: Well, my child, by very simple m e a n s , by t h e r e is n o t h i n g w o r t h stealing.
doing all t h a t pleased h i m a n d b y e n d u r i n g Mother: I always forget to lock the door. I really m u s t try
silently all t h a t displeased m e . to t h i n k a b o u t it next t i m e .
12-
11. Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catch Tom: T h a t ' s a s h a m e ! I would have liked (go) with her.
ing anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Joe: I w o u l d n ' t m i n d (come) with you.
Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots a n d rubbish. I am even less Tom: O K . But I t h i n k you should (talk) to Mary. T h e last
lucky. I never catch a n y t h i n g — not even old boots. After having spent t i m e I saw h e r she c l a i m e d (work) till 2 o'clock every
whole m o r n i n g s on the river, I always go h o m e with an e m p t y bag. "You m o r n i n g for t h e past m o n t h . It's not good for her, you
must give up fishing!" my friends say. " I t ' s a waste of t i m e . " But they know.
d o n ' t realize one i m p o r t a n t thing. I ' m not really interested in fishing. Joe: I know. I must (talk) to h e r about it. But you know
I am only interested in sitting in a boat a n d doing n o t h i n g at all. how she hates (tell) what to d o .
12. I crossed t h e street to avoid m e e t i n g h i m , but he saw me a n d C . D e a r Jessica,

c a m e r u n n i n g towards m e . It was no use p r e t e n d i n g t h a t I h a d not seen
How are you? I ' m busy (study) for my exam which is next week,
h i m , so I waved to h i m . I never enjoy m e e t i n g Bert Dykes. He never
but I've d e c i d e d (take) a break a n d (write) you a letter, (read) so m a n y
h a s a n y t h i n g to do. No m a t t e r how busy you are, he always insists on
notes a n d (learn) so m a n y facts is m a k i n g me very tired. I c a n ' t wait
c o m i n g with you. I h a d to t h i n k of a way of preventing h i m from fol
(finish) my course! T h e n , I c a n start (look) for a good job.
lowing me a r o u n d all m o r n i n g .
Sophie started her new j o b last m o n t h , (work) at t h e hospital suits
" H u l l o , Bert," I said. " F a n c y m e e t i n g you h e r e ! "
h e r — she loves (look) after people. She h o p e s (stay) in this j o b for a
" H u l l o , E l i z a b e t h , " Bert answered. " I was just w o n d e r i n g how t o
couple of years a n d t h e n she i n t e n d s (try) for a p r o m o t i o n .
spend t h e m o r n i n g — until I saw you. You're not busy doing a n y t h i n g ,
By t h e way, how are you getting on now t h a t you are a m a n a g e r ?
are y o u ? "
I forgot (congratulate) you w h e n I saw you.
" N o , not a t all," I answered. " I ' m going t o . . . "
Anyway, I've got to go now. Write soon a n d tell me all your news,
" W o u l d you m i n d my c o m i n g with y o u ? " he asked, before I h a d
w o n ' t you?
finished speaking.
Best wishes,
" N o t at all," I lied, " b u t I ' m going to the dentist."
Maggie
" T h e n I'll c o m e with you," he answered. " T h e r e ' s always plenty to
read in t h e waiting r o o m ! "
1. Я н а с т а и в а ю на т о м , ч т о б ы д е т и ш л и д о м о й . 2. Я не м о г у
Self Check
п р о с т и т ь ей, ч т о о н а н е о т в е т и л а н а м о е п и с ь м о . 3 . О н и з б е г а е т
/. Put the verb in brackets into the infinitive or the -ing form. Retell в с т р е ч а т ь с я с о м н о й . 4 . О н в з я л э т и б у м а г и , н е с п р о с и в разре
the texts. ш е н и я . 5. К а к о й с м ы с л о б с у ж д а т ь э т о с е й ч а с ? 6. Е г о х о б б и —
ч т е н и е д е т е к т и в о в . 7. Я в с п о м н и л , ч т о м е н я т о ж е п р и г л а с и л и
A. My m o t h e r is an a m a z i n g w o m a n . She is 87 years old a n d she
туда. 8. П р и д я д о м о й , он с р а з у п о з в о н и л р о д и т е л я м . 9. Э т у ин
still enjoys (go out) for a walk every day. She doesn't m i n d (do) all her
ф о р м а ц и ю нужно проверить. 10. М н е н е хочется в ы х о д и т ь и з
housework a n d she's glad (help) her elderly neighbours when they can't
д о м а . 11. Д а в а й т е п е р е н е с е м о б с у ж д е н и е э т о й с т а т ь и . 12. Т о л ь к о
(go) to the shops. She's t o o old (dig) the garden any more — she stopped
п р е д с т а в ь себе п о е з д к у в Р и м ! 13. Он н е н а в и д и т , когда е м у лгут.
(do) that last year — but she's still healthy enough (mow) the grass. In the
14. Я п о м н ю , ч т о ч т о - т о с л ы ш а л об э т о й п ь е с е . С т о и т ли ее по
s u m m e r she still goes (swim) when it's w a r m a n d she lets her grandchil
с м о т р е т ь ? 15. О н а п р о д о л ж а л а п и с а т ь , не г л я д я на н а с . 16. Я не
dren (bury) her in the sand. She often says, " I t ' s no good (be) alive if you
возражаю п р о т и в того, чтобы она пользовалась м о и м компьюте
d o n ' t enjoy yourself." I'd like (be) like my m o t h e r when I'm her age.
р о м . 17. Вы не в о з р а ж а е т е , е с л и я з а к у р ю ? 18. Р е ж и с с е р б ы л про
B. Tom: Do you t h i n k M a r y would like (go) to the t h e a t r e with т и в т о г о , ч т о б ы о н а и г р а л а эту р о л ь . 19. Я не л ю б л ю , когда м е н я
me tonight? п р е р ы в а ю т . 20. Когда о н а к о н ч и т п и с а т ь с о ч и н е н и е ? 21. Я не мо
Joe: I d o n ' t t h i n k so. She seems (study) very h a r d at t h e гу не б е с п о к о и т ь с я о н и х : о н и п е р е с т а л и п и с а т ь . 22. Я с т р у д о м
moment. п е р е в е л текст. 23. Ш у м в с о с е д н е й к о м н а т е м е ш а л м н е д у м а т ь .
24. Я д у м а ю о т о м , ч т о б ы поехать на юг л е т о м . 25. М а л ь ч и к жало

в а л с я , ч т о его п о с т о я н н о р у г а ю т и н а к а з ы в а ю т . 26. Я за т о , ч т о б ы
л е т е т ь туда с а м о л е т о м . 27. У с л ы ш а в т а к у ю г р у с т н у ю и с т о р и ю , о н а
н е могла н е з а п л а к а т ь . 28. Х о р о ш о п о д у м а й , п р е ж д е чем п р и н я т ь
э т о р е ш е н и е . 29. Е й у д а л о с ь н а й т и х о р о ш у ю работу. 30. И з у ч е н и е Unit 28
и н о с т р а н н о г о я з ы к а з а н и м а е т д л и т е л ь н о е в р е м я . 31. С о н н а от
к р ы т о м воздухе о ч е н ь п о л е з е н . 32. Я о д о б р я ю т о , ч т о ты помога T O P I C : Travelling by air
е ш ь б а б у ш к е . 33. Он п р и ш е л без п р и г л а ш е н и я . 34. У м е н я н е т на C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Introductions
д е ж д ы , ч т о м н е д а д у т э т у р о л ь . 35. О н б р о с и л и г р а т ь в ш а х м а т ы .
36. О н а н е п р и в ы к л а п о л у ч а т ь п о д а р к и и б ы л а у д и в л е н а , у в и д е в
на с т о л е в е л и к о л е п н ы е р о з ы . 37. Он о т в е т с т в е н за т о , ч т о б ы ра Illustrative Text
б о т а б ы л а з а к о н ч е н а в с р о к . 38. Я п о з д р а в и л его с т е м , ч т о он
Air Travel
сдал э к з а м е н . 39. О н и м е ч т а ю т о т о м , ч т о б ы и х с ы н с т а л в р а ч о м .
40. Т в о й к о с т ю м н а д о п о г л а д и т ь . 41. С н е й с е й ч а с р а з г о в а р и в а т ь W h e n travelling by air you have to get to t h e a i r p o r t early in or
б е с п о л е з н о . 42. Я с о ж а л е л а , ч т о с к а з а л а э т о . 43. Б л а г о д а р ю за то, der to check in about an h o u r before your flight. If you have a lot of
ч т о в ы п р и с м о т р е л и з а м о и м р е б е н к о м . 44. П е р е с т а н ь т е разгова luggage, you c a n put it on a trolley a n d push it to t h e c h e c k i n g desk
р и в а т ь ! 45. О н о с т а н о в и л с я , ч т о б ы п е р е г о в о р и т ь с Б и л л о м . 46. Н е where s o m e o n e will check your ticket a n d weigh your luggage. If you
забудь в ы м ы т ь р у к и п е р е д о б е д о м . 47. Я н и к о г д а не забуду посе have excess luggage, it c a n be expensive. Your heavy luggage is put
щ е н и е б о т а н и ч е с к о г о с а д а в Б а т у м и . 48. Я п о м н ю , ч т о о п л а ч и в а л on a conveyer belt a n d carried away. A light bag is classified as h a n d
э т о т счет. 49. П о х о ж е на т о , ч т о будет д о ж д ь . 50. Я не могла не luggage a n d you c a n take it with you on t h e plane. An i m m i g r a t i o n
р а с с м е я т ь с я , когда у в и д е л а его. 51. Он п р и с т р а с т и л с я к р ы б а л к е . officer looks at your passport a n d a security g u a r d checks your h a n d
52. О н з а н я л с я й о г о й , ч т о б ы с б р о с и т ь вес. luggage before you go i n t o t h e d e p a r t u r e lounge to wait till your flight
is called. If you want t o , you c a n buy s o m e c h e a p d u t y free g o o d s here.
T h e n you see o n t h e d e p a r t u r e s b o a r d o r hear a n a n n o u n c e m e n t t h a t
you must b o a r d your plane. You go t h r o u g h t h e d e p a r t u r e gate, t h e n
there is s o m e t i m e s a security check before you actually enter the plane.
W h e n all t h e passengers are o n b o a r d a n d w h e n t h e c a p t a i n a n d his
crew are ready in t h e cockpit, t h e p l a n e begins to taxi to t h e end of t h e
runway. Finally, p e r m i s s i o n is received from t h e control tower a n d t h e
plane moves faster a n d faster in order to t a k e off.
Flying is fun. I like being in a big airliner with the cabin crew (stew
ards a n d stewardesses) looking after m e . They walk up a n d down the
aisle bringing meals a n d drinks; a n d if the flight is going t h r o u g h some
turbulence, they warn everybody that it might be a bit b u m p y a n d ask us
to fasten o u r seat belts. On a long flight I like listening to music t h r o u g h
t h e h e a d p h o n e s available to all passengers, a n d sometimes I have a sleep.
I enjoy it all so m u c h that I never want t h e plane to land.
Comprehension
/. Listen to the text "Air Travel" and answer the questions.
W h y do passengers have to c o m e to t h e a i r p o r t an h o u r before the

d e p a r t u r e ? W h a t d o e s a passenger do if he/she h a s a lot of luggage?
W h a t do you have to do if you have excess luggage? W h e r e do passen-
UNIT 28 361
Do you want to ...

gers wait for their plane? W h a t h a p p e n s when all t h e passengers are on
1. lead t h e d e p u t a t i o n ? 2. receive t h e mayor? 3. speak first? 4. in
b o a r d ? D o e s t h e writer like travelling by air? W h y ? How d o e s he while
away the t i m e d u r i n g t h e flight? t r o d u c e t h e speakers? 5. sign t h e cheque? 6. a t t e n d t h e conference?
7. give a talk? 8. m a k e t h e a r r a n g e m e n t s ? 9. Fix a date? 10. organize t h e
2. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exer reception? 11. o p e n t h e c h a m p a g n e ?
6. Insert: to learn, to know or to find out in the required form.
1. G r a c e telephoned to ... w h e n the t r a i n was due. 2. W h e n Becky

began to read the letter, she ... that it was not for her. 3. R i c h a r d was
3. Respond to the following. h a p p y to ... t h a t his friend was back from hospital. 4. Do you ... his tele
p h o n e n u m b e r ? 5. I asked t h e secretary to ... w h e n I could see t h e d e a n .
A: He learnt to c o o k in Paris. Were you surprised?
6. It was only after we got on t h e bus t h a t we ... t h a t we were going
B: N o . He went to Paris to learn to cook, (slight stress on " w e n t " )
in t h e wrong direction. 7. Go a n d ... w h e t h e r your timetable has b e e n
Or: c h a n g e d . 8. We ... about your r e t u r n to town only yesterday. 9. I d o n ' t . . .
B: N o . He went to Paris in order to learn to cook, (slight stress on his address a n d I want to ... in t h e inquiry office. 10. T h e o t h e r p a r t of
"order") t h e b o o k tells us what young naturalists c a n do to ... about a n i m a l s a n d
plants living in different s u r r o u n d i n g s . 11. W h e n P. C u r i e ... about his
He ... Were you surprised? wife's discovery he decided to leave his own researches a n d to help his
1. met Bill in E d i n b u r g h ; 2. sold his p i c t u r e s in L o n d o n ; 3. o p e n e d wife in h e r work. 12. I am sad to ... t h e news of h i m being ill. 13. R i n g
a b a n k a c c o u n t in Switzerland; 4. p a i n t e d a p o r t r a i t in R o m e ; 5. learnt h i m up to ... if he is at h o m e . 14. L o o k at the timetable a n d you will
to fly in Australia; 6. played t e n n i s in F l o r i d a ; 7. c l i m b e d m o u n t a i n s in ... t h e t i m e a n d t h e place of all t h e lectures. 15. Jane's o p i n i o n of her
Wales; 8. skied in N o r w a y ; 9. w a t c h e d t h e p e n g u i n s in t h e A n t a r c t i c ; mother-in-law c h a n g e d completely w h e n she ... her better.
10. dived for treasure in t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n ; 11. h a d an eye o p e r a t i o n
in Russia; 12. gave a c o n c e r t in M u n i c h ; 13. studied j u d o in J a p a n ; 7. Put the verb in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing
14. wrote a b o o k in Seville; 15. p h o t o g r a p h e d lions in Africa form.
Flight Attendant: W e l c o m e a b o a r d , sir. I h o p e you'll enjoy t h e
4. Fill in the correct particles. flight.
1. He t o o k ... golf a n d b e c a m e very keen on it. 2. I ' m going to Passenger: T h a n k you. Unfortunately, I ' m afraid of (fly).
take ... t h e c u r t a i n s today. 3. Take ... t h e garbage. 4. T h e plane t a k e s . . . Flight Attendant: D o n ' t worry, sir. Just r e m e m b e r (fasten) y o u r
at six. 5. T h e y ' v e t a k e n ... skating together. 6. He never takes me ... . seat belt a n d everything will be fine.
7. He takes ... his g r a n d m o t h e r ; she h a d red hair, t o o . 8. I t o o k h i m ... Passenger: I d o n ' t m e a n (be) difficult, b u t I would like (sit)
his brother. T h e y are extremely alike. 9. He t o o k ... my wet b o o t s a n d next to t h e window. Is t h a t alright?
m a d e me sit by t h e fire. 10. T h e patient h a d to take ... his shirt for t h e Flight Attendant: Of course. T h i s seat is free. You c a n sit here.
d o c t o r to e x a m i n e h i m . 11. S a m h a s really t a k e n ... his new school — Would you like a newspaper (read)?
he loves it. 12. Do you take me ... a fool? 13. He was t a k e n ... to his Passenger: N o , t h a n k you. I prefer (read) b o o k s to r e a d i n g
cell. 14. T h e boss asked his secretary to take ... some notes. 15. I t o o k newspapers.
my friend ... my laboratory. 16. E m m a o p e n e d her bag a n d t o o k ... her Flight Attendant: Well, I must (check) on the other passengers now.
c o m b . 17. I t o o k h i m ... to t h e nearest p u b . 18. My h u s b a n d is t a k i n g Passenger: O h , I ' m sorry for (talk) t o o m u c h . I ' m just very
me ... t o n i g h t to celebrate o u r anniversary. nervous about t h e flight.
Flight Attendant: Just t r y (relax) a little bit, sir. I'll stop (see) how
5. Respond to the following, as in the example. you are later.
Passenger: T h a n k you very m u c h . I hate (be) so m u c h trou
A: Do you want to make a speech?
ble.
B: N o , I want you to make a speech.
Text Exercises Nancy Lee: R o u n d - t r i p , please.

Travel Agent: A n d for what date?
8. Ask and answer questions about air travel. Nancy Lee: T h e e i g h t e e n t h , if possible.
9. Speak about air travel as it is described in the text. Travel Agent: Friday, t h e eighteenth? Yes. T h a t ' s fine. W h a t
about t h e r e t u r n date? Do you have a Fixed d a t e
Conversation Practice i n m i n d , o r d o you w a n t a n o p e n ticket?
Nancy Lee: A n o p e n ticket.
T Listen, read and practise.
Travel Agent: O K . Do you want a m o r n i n g flight or an after
Booking Airline Tickets n o o n flight?
Nancy Lee: W h a t ' s available?
1. — I w a n t to fly to G e n e v a on or about t h e first. Travel Agent: Well, there's a C a t h a y Pacific flight at t e n - t h i r t y
— I'll j u s t see what t h e r e is. a n d a US Air o n e at twelve-thirty.
— I w a n t to go e c o n o m y a n d I'd prefer the m o r n i n g . Nancy Lee: I'll take t h e C a t h a y Pacific o n e .
— Lufthansa Flight LH 203 leaves at 9.20. Travel Agent: O K . If you'll just hold on a m i n u t e , I'll c h e c k to
— W h a t t i m e do I have to be there? see if there's r o o m . Yes, t h a t ' s fine.
— T h e c o a c h leaves for t h e a i r p o r t at 8.15. Nancy Lee: O h , good. How m u c h is it?
2. — I'd like to b o o k a flight to M u n i c h for M o n d a y t h e t e n t h . Travel Agent: O n e t h o u s a n d , eight h u n d r e d a n d seventy dol
— I'll have a look in t h e timetable for you. lars!
— I'll n e e d an e c o n o m y class o p e n r e t u r n . Nancy Lee: OK. Thanks.
— K L M have got a D C - 9 leaving at 9.25. Travel Agent: Now, c a n I have your details, please?
— W h a t else ought I to know?
— T h e latest t i m e of r e p o r t i n g is 8.35 at t h e a i r p o r t . |~7~| W h e r e d o e s N a n c y want to go? W h a t k i n d of ticket d o e s she
want? W h a t flight will she take? H o w m u c h is t h e ticket?
3. — W h a t flights are t h e r e from L o n d o n to V i e n n a t o m o r r o w ?
— If you'd like to t a k e a seat, I'll find out for you. A. Match the definition with the type of ticket.
— I'd like to travel first class, please.
— B E A flight BE 502 takes off from H e a t h r o w at 9.25 a n d flies a) Business travellers prefer t h i s ticket. One-way
direct. b) T h e m o s t expensive ticket. Business class
— W h a t t i m e have I got to get there? c) It takes you t h e r e a n d back. Round-trip
— You'll have to be at West L o n d o n Air T e r m i n a l by 8.10 at d) T h e cheapest of t h e o p e n tickets. E c o n o m y class
t h e latest. e) You c a n ' t r e t u r n w i t h it. Open
f) You c a n c h o o s e your r e t u r n d a t e . First class
4. — A r e there any planes to Z u r i c h on S u n d a y ?
— If you'll excuse me for a second, I'll check. B. Complete the following conversations.
— By t h e way, I d o n ' t w a n t a night flight.
— T h e r e ' s a plane at 9.20. a) Travel Agent: Hello. you?
— W h e n am I supposed to c h e c k in? Mr A: Yes, please. ... a ticket to M o n t r e a l .
— You must be at t h e a i r p o r t before 8.35. Travel Agent: ... or one-way?
Mr A: One-way, please.
5. Travel Agent: G o o d m o r n i n g . C a n I help you?
Travel Agent: F o r ... ?
Nancy Lee: Yes, I'd like to reserve a seat for a flight to
Mr A: For Thursday the ninth.
Hong-Kong.
Travel Agent: H o n g - K o n g ? Would t h a t be a r o u n d - t r i p ticket b) Travel Agent: I ' m sorry, but t h e ... is full. You c a n have
or one-way? Business or First class only.
Mr В: ... is Business class? b) Mr Nelson: Excuse me. Is this gate seven?

Travel Agent: Seven h u n d r e d a n d fifty-five dollars. Official: Yes, it is. We are boarding the plane at any m o -
Mr B: OK t h e n . I ... Business class. ment.
Mr Nelson: Why! I'm right on time!
c) Travel Agent: Do you w a n t a ... or an ... ?
Miss C: I'd prefer to fly in the a f t e r n o o n . c) Mr Nelson: May I take any seat?
Travel Agent: At ... ? T h e r e are flights every hour. Stewardess: Yes, any seat not marked "reserved".
Miss C: At about t h r e e o'clock t h e n . Mr Nelson: W h e n do we take off?
Stewardess: In about five minutes. No smoking, please.
C. In pairs, act out similar conversations on the topic "Booking Airline
Mr Nelson: Miss! Do we land in Washington? Are we land-
Tickets".
ing now?
Checking In Stewardess: Yes, we are. Please fasten your belts. Here, let
me help you. There!
1. Mr Dobson: C a n I c h e c k here for t h e British Airways flight Mr Nelson: T h a n k you.
t o N e w York? Stewardess: You are welcome. Well, here we are.
Clerk: Yes, sir. M a y I see y o u r ticket a n d passport?
[У| W h a t place d o e s M r N e l s o n want t o c h e c k his reservation to?
Mr Dobson: H e r e you are.
Clerk: T h a t ' s fine. C a n you p u t your suitcase on t h e A r e his ticket a n d passport in order? H o w m u c h d o e s his bag
scales, please? gage weigh? W h a t t i m e does t h e plane leave? W h a t seat did t h e
Mr Dobson: Of course. H o w m u c h d o e s it weigh? stewardess tell h i m to take? W h e r e did they land?
Clerk: 23 kilos. I ' m sorry, but you'll have to pay excess
Situation 1. You are registering for the 10 о 'clock flight to Washington
baggage charge.
at Sheremetyevo Airport.
Mr Dobson: O h ! It's only t h r e e kilos overweight.
Clerk: Yes, sir ... t h a t ' s £ 6 ... T h a n k you. Would you
In the Departure Lounge
like to go t h r o u g h to the departure lounge?
( " B r i t i s h Airways F l i g h t 179 to N e w York is n o w b o a r d i n g at
pT| W h e r e is Mr D o b s o n flying? W h a t does the clerk ask h i m to G a t e 4".)
do? How m u c h does Mr Dobson's luggage weigh? How m u c h Mr Dobson: Excuse me...
does he have to pay for the excess luggage? Lady: Yes?
Mr Dobson: I d i d n ' t h e a r t h a t a n n o u n c e m e n t . W h i c h flight did
2. a) Mr Nelson: Is this M e r c u r y Airlines counter?
t h e y call?
Clerk: Yes, it is. May I help you?
Lady: Flight 179 to N e w York... are you going there?
Mr Nelson: I'd like to check my reservation for today's flight
to Mexico City. Mr Dobson: Yes.
Clerk: May I see your ticket a n d passport? Lady: So am I... G a t e 4 is t h i s way... follow m e !
Mr Nelson: Is everything in order?
Clerk: Yes, it is. W h e r e is your baggage? Security Check
Mr Nelson: It's over there.
Clerk: Very well. It weighs exactly thirty p o u n d s . Officer: M a y I search you, sir? It's just a security check.
Mr Nelson: Do I get a baggage check? Mr Dobson: Of c o u r s e .
Clerk: Yes, you do. Here it is. N o w go to gate n u m b e r Officer: T h a n k you. O h , what's t h i s in your pocket?
seven. Your flight n u m b e r is 326. Mr Dobson: O h , yes... I ' m sorry. It's just a m e t a l c o m b .
Mr Nelson: W h a t time does the plane leave? Officer: H m m . . . M a y I see it, sir?
Clerk: At 4.30. Mr Dobson: Certainly.
At the Customs |T| W h a t d o e s the c u s t o m s officer ask t h e tourist to do? W h a t

questions does he ask? D o e s the tourist have a n y t h i n g to de
1. Officer: Are t h e s e two bags all you have, sir? clare? H o w long is he going to stay in the c o u n t r y ?
Mr Green: Yes, they are all I have.
Officer: Have you a n y t h i n g to declare? Situation 2. You are flying to Washington. At the moment you are
Mr Green: I am sorry but I d o n ' t know what I am allowed. going through the customs inspection.
Officer: Will you read this notice carefully? ... Well, have
you got a n y t h i n g to declare? On Board the Plane
Mr Green: Yes, I've got s o m e presents. I've got a bottle of 1. " G o o d afternoon, ladies a n d gentlemen. C a p t a i n G i b s o n a n d
b r a n d y a n d some cigarettes. his crew welcome you a b o a r d British Airways Flight 178 to N e w York.
Officer: Will you show t h e m to me? We're n o w flying at a height of 30,000 feet. O u r speed is a p p r o x i m a t e l y
Mr Green: Yes, here they are. 600 miles an hour. We'll land in N e w York in five a n d a half h o u r s .
Officer: O h , yes, only a bottle of brandy. You are allowed T h e t e m p e r a t u r e in N e w York is now m i n u s 3 C. In a few m i n u t e s
t h a t . N o w these boxes of cigarettes. T h a t ' s more you'll be able to see t h e Irish C o a s t . O u r stewards a n d stewardesses will
t h a n I c a n allow you free. I'm afraid you'll have to serve l u n c h in half an h o u r . "
pay s o m e d u t y on t h e m . I'll tell you how m u c h in
a m o m e n t . But first let me see inside your bags. [У| W h o welcomes t h e passengers on b o a r d t h e plane? At what
Mr Green: Here they are. height a n d speed are t h e y flying? W h e n will t h e p l a n e land in
Officer: T h a n k you, sir. Everything's all right. N o t h i n g is N e w York? W h e n will l u n c h be served?
m o r e dutiable. Welcome t o o u r c o u n t r y !
2 . " G o o d m o r n i n g , ladies a n d g e n t l e m e n . O n behalf o f C a p t a i n
Mr Green: T h a n k you.
S o n n l e i t n e r a n d his crew I should like to w e l c o m e you a b o a r d t h i s
|У| H o w m a n y bags h a s Mr G r e e n got? H a s he got a n y t h i n g to Swissair D C - 9 aircraft. O u r flying t i m e to G e n e v a will be approxi
declare? W h a t will he have to do? mately an h o u r a n d twenty m i n u t e s d u r i n g which we shall be serving
you with light refreshments. Please place your light h a n d luggage in
2. Officer: Okay, bags on t h e table, please... u h - h u h . H o w t h e overhead rack, observe t h e no s m o k i n g signs, fasten y o u r seat
long are you p l a n n i n g to stay? belts a n d e n s u r e t h a t your seats are in t h e vertical position for t h e take
Tourist: F o u r weeks. off. F o r y o u r safety a n d c o m f o r t d u r i n g t h e flight you a r e r e q u e s t e d
Officer: D o you have a n y t h i n g t o declare? to r e a d t h e safety i n s t r u c t i o n s w h i c h you will find in front of your
Tourist: What? seat."
Officer: Alcohol, cigarettes, ...
" L a d i e s a n d gentlemen, may I have your a t t e n t i o n , please. In a
Tourist: No.
few m i n u t e s we shall be arriving at G e n e v a a i r p o r t . Will you please
Officer: Any m e a t , fresh fruit, plants?
r e t u r n to your seats, place t h e m in t h e vertical position, fasten your
Tourist: U h , no. seat belts a n d observe t h e no s m o k i n g signs. Please r e m a i n seated until
Officer: O p e n your suitcase, please. A n y gifts? the aircraft h a s c o m e to a c o m p l e t e halt a n d r e m e m b e r to take all your
Tourist: Excuse me? h a n d luggage with you. We h o p e you have h a d a pleasant flight a n d
Officer: Are you b r i n g i n g any gifts i n t o t h e c o u n t r y ? t h a t we shall soon have the pleasure of w e l c o m i n g you a b o a r d again.
Tourist: No, huh-uh. T h a n k you."
Officer: U h - h u h . W h a t ' s i n t h e bottle?
Tourist: U h , h a n d lotion. Down to Earth
Officer: Okay, t h a t ' l l be okay. Here's your form.
Tourist: U h , w h a t should I do with it? " Y o u r a t t e n t i o n , please! British Airways regrets to a n n o u n c e t h e
Officer: See that officer over there by the gate? He'll take it. cancellation of Flight BA 564 to L o n d o n d u e to t e c h n i c a l difficulties.
Tourist: T h a n k you very m u c h . Will all t h e passengers now awaiting t h e d e p a r t u r e of this flight please
c o n t a c t t h e British Airways g r o u n d hostess at t h e i n f o r m a t i o n desk in T Listen, read and practise.

t h e transit lounge. Will passengers w h o are b o o k e d on t h i s flight from
G e n e v a a n d are now waiting in t h e d e p a r t u r e lounge, also go to t h e At the Airport
i n f o r m a t i o n desk in t h e transit area. A g r o u n d hostess is waiting by Simon: Excuse m e .
G a t e N o I t o escort you. T h a n k y o u ! " Mr Gibson: Yes?
Simon: It's G i b s o n , isn't it?
Situation 3. You are in the foyer of the airport. Suddenly you hear an
Mr Gibson: Yes, t h a t ' s right.
announcement that your flight is delayed. Act out a conversation with an
Simon: So glad to m e e t you. I ' m S i m o n Steel. H o w do
airport official. Find out why there is a delay and how long you are going
you do?
to wait. Ask what the airline is going to do about meals and hotel accom Mr Gibson: H o w do you do? It was nice of you to m e e t u s .
modation if the plane is delayed for a long time. Simon: It's a pleasure.
Mr Gibson: A n d this is my wife Sally.
INTRODUCTIONS Mrs Gibson: H o w d o you d o , M r Steel?
Simon: H o w do you do? D i d you have a good flight?
a) How to approach the person you are meeting: Mrs Gibson: Yes, p r e t t y good, t h a n k s . But I m u s t say I d o n ' t
It's (Mr Brown), isn't it? t h i n k I'll ever get used to flying.
(Mr/Mrs/Miss Smith)? Simon: Well, if you'd like to follow m e , I've got a c a r
Excuse me, are you (Mr Thompson)? waiting outside.
Mr Gibson: Yes, certainly. T h a n k you.
b) How to reply: Simon: Now, let me help you with your bags, Mrs
Gibson.
Yes, that's right.
Mrs Gibson: T h a n k you. T h e y are a bit heavy.
Yes?
Yes, that's right. And you must be (Mr Williams). Simon: Right. T h i s way. It's n o t very far.
[7] W h o m e t t h e G i b s o n s at t h e a i r p o r t ? H o w did M r s G i b s o n like

c) How to introduce yourself: t h e flight? W h a t did S i m o n offer her?
I'm (Charles Brown).
Situation 4. You are asked to meet Jonathan Williams, an American
My name's (Sally Kent).
I'm so pleased to meet you. journalist. You've never met him before, you've only seen a photograph of
I've been looking forward to meeting you. I'm (Tom Smith). his. The plane has just landed and you approach someone who looks like
So glad to meet you. Williams. But you address the wrong man. At last you notice him. You
introduce yourself and ask him about the journey. You've got a car waiting
d) How to respond and reply to an introduction: and take Mr Williams to the hotel.
How do you do. (formal)

Hello, (less formal) Listening
What a Way to Start a Holiday!

e) How to introduce someone who is with you:
W h e n W i l s o n got to t h e a i r p o r t , h i s flight was already being called
May I introduce my girlfriend/boyfriend, Janet/James.
over t h e loudspeakers. T h e day before he h a d cancelled his ticket for a
And this is my wife/husband.
m o r n i n g flight a n d had b o o k e d a n a f t e r n o o n flight instead. H e h a d t o
Meet my business colleague, Tom Williams.
go to t h e reservations desk to collect his new ticket.
Не apologized for being late. T h e reservations clerk smiled a n d A Smuggler

began to look t h r o u g h t h e reservations in front of her. T h e n her smile
S a m Lewis was a c u s t o m s officer. He used to work in a small
d i s a p p e a r e d a n d she b e g a n to look worried.
b o r d e r t o w n . It wasn't a busy t o w n a n d t h e r e w a s n ' t m u c h work. T h e
" Y o u r ticket d o e s n ' t seem to be h e r e , " she said. " L e t me check it
r o a d was usually very quiet a n d t h e r e weren't m a n y travellers. It w a s n ' t
with t h e c o m p u t e r . "
a very interesting job, but Sam liked an easy life. About o n c e a week
T h e c o m p u t e r clicked a n d w h i r r e d a n d lights b e g a n t o flash. Just
h e u s e d t o m e e t a n old m a n . H i s n a m e was D r a p e r . H e always used
t h e n , his flight was called a second t i m e . W i l s o n b e c a m e very nervous.
to arrive at t h e b o r d e r early in t h e m o r n i n g in a big t r u c k . T h e t r u c k
Finally, t h e girl looked u p .
was always empty. After a while Sam b e c a m e suspicious. He often used
" T h e r e ' s b e e n a mistake. Your new ticket was sent to you by post. to search t h e t r u c k but he never found a n y t h i n g . O n e day he asked
T h a t ' s why it isn't h e r e , " she said. It t o o k her only a short t i m e to write D r a p e r a b o u t his job. D r a p e r laughed a n d said: " I ' m a smuggler."
out a new one. Wilson m a n a g e d to c a t c h t h e p l a n e just before it t o o k Last year S a m retired. He spent his savings on an expensive holi
off. " W h a t a way to start a h o l i d a y ! " he t h o u g h t . day. He flew to B e r m u d a a n d stayed in a luxury hotel. O n e day he was
sitting b y t h e p o o l a n d opposite h i m h e saw D r a p e r d r i n k i n g cham
[~9~| W h a t was h a p p e n i n g w h e n Wilson got to t h e a i r p o r t ? W h a t h a d
p a g n e . S a m walked over t o h i m .
he d o n e t h e day before? W h y did t h e clerk begin to look wor
ried? W h a t h a p p e n e d t h e n ? W h y w a s n ' t Wilson's ticket there? Sam: Hello, there!
Draper. Hi!
First Flight Sam: D o you r e m e m b e r me?
Draper: Yes..., of c o u r s e , I do. You're a c u s t o m s officer.
Five tourists walked slowly across t h e airfield where a very small
Sam: I used to be, but I ' m n o t a n y m o r e . I retired last m o n t h .
aircraft was waiting for t h e m . T h e plane was used on local flights a n d
I often used to search your t r u c k
h a d only two engines.
Draper: But you never found a n y t h i n g .
T h e passengers got i n t o t h e p l a n e a n d sat d o w n . Sam: N o , I d i d n ' t . C a n I ask you s o m e t h i n g ?
" F a s t e n y o u r seat belts, please," t h e air hostess said. An old lady Draper: Of c o u r s e , you c a n .
t u r n e d to t h e air hostess. " P l e a s e help me w i t h t h e belt," she asked. Sam: Were you a smuggler?
"I have never b e e n on an a e r o p l a n e before a n d I feel r a t h e r nervous." Draper: Of course, I was.
" D o n ' t worry," t h e air hostess said kindly. " T h e s e planes are t h e safest Sam: But... t h e t r u c k was always empty. W h a t were you
in t h e world." T h e n t h e hostess went r o u n d with a tray of sweets. She smuggling?
offered a sweet to e a c h of t h e passengers. " T a k e o n e of t h e s e , " she said Draper: Trucks!
to t h e old lady. " I t will help you to swallow."
Гт~| W h a t was Sam's job? W h e r e did he work? W h o did he u s e to
S u d d e n l y t h e p l a n e b e g a n t o shake a n d t o rattle. I t m o v e d quickly
m e e t o n c e a week? W h y did S a m b e c o m e suspicious? W h a t did
d o w n t h e runway a n d slowly c l i m b e d i n t o t h e air. W h e n t h e p l a n e was
h e ask D r a p e r o n e day? W h a t did D r a p e r answer? D i d h e tell
in t h e air, t h e hostess went to t h e old lady again. " D i d n ' t t h e sweet
t h e t r u t h ? W h a t did h e smuggle?
help you to swallow?" she asked.
" N o , I ' m afraid it d i d n ' t , " t h e old lady answered. " B u t it t o o k my
m i n d off t h e p l a n e . M a y I have a n o t h e r o n e , p l e a s e ? " Reading
| T ] H o w m a n y tourists were going to travel? W h a t did t h e air host There Is No Need to Panic
ess tell t h e passengers to do? W h y c o u l d n ' t t h e old lady fasten
I k n e w it was going to be a bad day w h e n , on t h e way to t h e air
her seat belt? W h a t did t h e hostess give e a c h passenger? W h y p o r t , t h e t a x i driver told me he was lost.
did the air hostess give sweets to t h e passengers? H o w did t h e I h a d b o o k e d my flight over t h e t e l e p h o n e , so w h e n we finally ar
sweet help t h e lady? rived, I h a d to r u s h to t h e reservations desk to pay for my ticket. T h e
w o m a n at t h e desk told me t h a t my n a m e was not on t h e passenger list. Agent: Of course, m a d a m . It's an excellent package holiday.
It t o o k fifteen m i n u t e s for her to realize t h a t she had spelled my n a m e You'll travel on a scheduled flight. You'll be met at
incorrectly. She gave me my ticket a n d told me I'd better check in my the a i r p o r t a n d t a k e n to your hotel. You w o n ' t have
luggage quickly or I'd miss my flight. to pay a i r p o r t taxes. T h e y are included in t h e price.
I was t h e last person to get on t h e plane. T h e hotel is very n e a r the b e a c h , a n d it's got a swim
I found my seat a n d discovered t h a t I was sitting next to a four- m i n g pool a n d a d i s c o t h e q u e . It's a very m o d e r n
year-old boy w h o had a cold. I sat d o w n a n d w o n d e r e d if a n y t h i n g else hotel, it was built last year. T h e r e s t a u r a n t ' s superb,
could go wrong. a n d d r i n k s are very c h e a p in Saint C u t h b e r t . O h ,
I hate flying, especially take-off, but t h e p l a n e t o o k off a n d ev a n d you c a n walk to t h e sea in two m i n u t e s .
e r y t h i n g seemed to be all right. T h e n , a few m i n u t e s later, t h e r e was Marion: H m m . . . it s o u n d s good. I'd like to m a k e a reserva
a funny noise a n d everything started to shake. I looked out of t h e tion.
w i n d o w a n d — oh my g o o d n e s s — there was smoke c o m i n g out of t h e Agent: O n e m o m e n t , m a d a m , a n d I'll get you a b o o k i n g
wing. All I could t h i n k of was " T h e e n g i n e is on fire. We're going to form.
crash. I ' m t o o y o u n g t o d i e . "
M a r i o n paid a deposit a n d booked t h e holiday. Two m o n t h s later
A l m o s t immediately, t h e c a p t a i n spoke to us in a very c a l m voice,
she was in Saint C u t h b e r t . But she was d i s a p p o i n t e d . W h e n she re
" L a d i e s a n d g e n t l e m e n . T h i s is your c a p t a i n speaking. We are having
t u r n e d to E n g l a n d , she went to see t h e travel agent.
a slight t e c h n i c a l p r o b l e m with o n e of o u r e n g i n e s . T h e r e is absolutely
n o n e e d t o p a n i c . W e will have t o r e t u r n t o t h e a i r p o r t . Please r e m a i n Agent: A h ! It's M i s s Ward. D i d you have a good holiday?
seated a n d keep your seat belts fastened." Marion: N o , I certainly did not have a good holiday.
Well, you c a n i m a g i n e how frightened I was, b u t t h e crew was fan Agent: O h , I ' m very sorry to h e a r t h a t . W h a t was wrong?
tastic. T h e flight a t t e n d a n t s were really c a l m a n d told us n o t to worry. Marion: Well, w h e n I arrived in Saint C u t h b e r t , I had to
O n e of t h e m told me to relax a n d said t h a t everything would be all spend four h o u r s at t h e airport... you said t h a t we
right. A few m i n u t e s later, we were c o m i n g in to l a n d . T h e pilot m a d e would be m e t , a n d we weren't. You also said we
a perfect l a n d i n g on t h e runway. It was over. We were safe. would be t a k e n to t h e hotel. We weren't a n d t h e taxi
T h a t day, I d e c i d e d n o t to fly again. I c a u g h t a n o t h e r taxi a n d went cost a b o u t £ 12. You told me t h a t a i r p o r t taxes were
h o m e . But as I closed t h e front door, I looked d o w n . Somehow, I had included. In fact, I h a d to pay £ 10.
picked u p t h e w r o n g suitcase. Agent: O h , dear... you h a d a very bad start. But t h e hotel
was nice, wasn't it?
Answer the questions about yourself. Marion: N o , it w a s n o t ! You said it w a s very m o d e r n . You
were quite right. They hadn't finished building
1. A r e you afraid of flying? W h i c h form of t r a n s p o r t a t i o n do you
it! W e c o u l d n ' t sleep b e c a u s e t h e w o r k m e n w e r e
believe is t h e safest a n d which is t h e most dangerous? W h y ?
w o r k i n g all n i g h t . . . on o u r b a l c o n y ! You said it
2. Have you ever h a d a b a d experience while flying? W h a t hap
h a d got a s w i m m i n g p o o l . It h a d , b u t it w a s e m p t y .
pened?
A n d t h e r e s t a u r a n t . . . t h e r e s t a u r a n t served fish ev-
ery n i g h t .
But You Said...
Agent: O h , dear!
Marion: G o o d afternoon. Marion: You said t h a t t h e hotel was n e a r t h e b e a c h , a n d t h a t
Travel Agent: G o o d afternoon, m a d a m . we could walk to t h e sea in two m i n u t e s .
Marion: I ' m interested in t h e holiday in Saint C u t h b e r t . Agent: C o u l d n ' t you?
Agent: A h , yes... t h e C a r i b b e a n ! I c a n r e c o m m e n d it high Marion: Well, yes... we could... b u t t h e r e was an oil refinery
ly. between t h e hotel a n d t h e b e a c h , a n d it took half an
Marion: C a n you tell me a little m o r e a b o u t it? h o u r to walk r o u n d it.
Agent: O h , I'm really terribly sorry. We really d i d n ' t know... 4. Act out the following situations.
I ' m afraid we're u n a b l e to give you a refund, but we
1. Your friend has just r e t u r n e d from his/her trip a b r o a d . Ask h i m /
c a n give you a t e n p e r cent d i s c o u n t on next year's
h e r about t h e j o u r n e y a n d t h e u s u a l r o u t i n e a t t h e c u s t o m s .
holiday...
2. You are on b o a r d a T U - 1 3 4 to D e h l i . T h e stewardess is ready to
Marion: N e x t year! N e x t year I ' m staying in E n g l a n d !
answer your questions about the flight.
3. You are in W a s h i n g t o n on business for your firm. You want to
Fluency go to N e w York to take p a r t in an exhibition t h e r e . You've just c o m e to
t h e b o o k i n g agency to b o o k a t r a i n ticket, but t h e r e are no t r a i n tickets
/. Answer the questions. available. You d o n ' t like flying b u t you have to travel by plane. T h e r e
D o you like t r a v e l l i n g b y air? W h y / W h y n o t ? I s t h e r e a n a i r p o r t is a m o r n i n g a n d a late flight to N e w York.
in y o u r native city/town? Is it far from t h e city/town? H o w c a n you
1. Report the information from the letter.
get t h e r e ? H o w long d o e s it t a k e you to get t h e r e ? W h a t is t h e air
p o r t like? W h a t d o y o u like o r dislike a b o u t it? W h e n d o p a s s e n g e r s O n e m o r n i n g M r s M o r r i s o n received a letter from h e r sister
have t o a r r i v e a t t h e a i r p o r t for r e g i s t r a t i o n ? W h a t i s r e g i s t r a t i o n w h o lives in M e l b o u r n e , in Australia, telling about her p l a n s to visit
like? H o w m u c h luggage c a n a p a s s e n g e r t a k e w i t h o u t e x t r a pay? England.
W h o i n f o r m s p a s s e n g e r s a b o u t flights? A r e flights often c a n c e l l e d
M y d e a r Mabel,
i n t h i s c o u n t r y ? C a n you say why? I s t h e r e a s e c u r i t y c h e c k before
Just a short note to tell you t h a t I have decided to c o m e over to
you b o a r d t h e p l a n e ? W h o t a k e s you o n b o a r d t h e p l a n e ? W h a t a r e
E n g l a n d to spend a few weeks in t h e old country. It will be marvel
t h e d u t i e s of a stewardess? W h e n a r e p a s s e n g e r s r e q u e s t e d to fas
lous to see you a n d little M a r g a r e t again. (I suppose she must be really
t e n t h e i r seat belts? D o t h e y serve m e a l s o n b o a r d t h e p l a n e ? C a n
grown u p now!)
p a s s e n g e r s s m o k e d u r i n g t h e flight? D o you get airsick w h e n o n a
My plans are as follows: I ' m t a k i n g a flight from Sydney on
plane?
N o v e m b e r 2 0 t h . It's t h e night flight on T h u r s d a y evening a n d I ' m fly
W h e n did you last travel by plane? W h e r e did you fly? H o w did you
ing with Air I n d i a . I d o n ' t know t h e exact t i m e of arrival at L o n d o n
get to t h e a i r p o r t ? W h e n did registration begin? W h a t was it like? D i d a i r p o r t b u t I'll send you a telegram as soon as I find out.
you have excess luggage? W h a t did you do after you h a d registered your I have a r r a n g e d to stay at t h e Royal Tower H o t e l w h i c h is in
ticket a n d luggage? Was your j o u r n e y pleasant? W h e n did your p l a n e Knightsbridge, n e a r H a r r o d s .
land in X? W h a t did you do on your arrival in X? I really am looking forward to seeing you b o t h .
Have you ever travelled abroad? W h e r e / W h e n ? W h a t is t h e pro Love,
c e d u r e of going t h r o u g h i m m i g r a t i o n a n d customs? D i d you have any Alice
dutiable articles? D i d you declare t h e m ? D i d t h e c u s t o m s officials
e x a m i n e your luggage? D i d you enjoy your trip? W h y / W h y not? H o w 2. Write a similar letter.
long did your t r i p last?
3. Write about an air trip you enjoyed.
2. Speak on:
a) your last flight; Self Check

b) your t r i p to a foreign c o u n t r y ;
/. Insert articles if necessary. Retell the texts.
c) t h e local a i r p o r t ;
d) your experience of b o o k i n g a flight. A. I u s e d to travel by ... (1) air a great deal w h e n I was ... (2) boy.
My p a r e n t s used to live in ... (3) S o u t h A m e r i c a a n d I used to fly t h e r e
3. Travelling by train and travelling by air. Their advantages and from ... (4) E u r o p e in ... (5) holidays. ... (6) air hostess would take
disadvantages. Discuss. care of me a n d I never had ... (7) u n p l e a s a n t experience. I am used to
travelling by ... (8) a i r a n d o n l y on o n e occasion I felt frightened. After I was looking ... (18) an A m e r i c a n paper, which s o m e b o d y had given ...
t a k i n g off, we were flying low over ... (9) city a n d slowly g a i n i n g ... (19) m e , a n d saw an a n n o u n c e m e n t ... (20) t h e girl's m a r r i a g e ... (21)
(10) height, w h e n ... (11) plane suddenly t u r n e d r o u n d a n d flew back to a n o t h e r m a n . I got so angry t h a t I t h r e w t h e ring overboard. A few
... (12) a i r p o r t . W h i l e we were waiting to land, ... (13) air hostess told days later I was d i n i n g ... (22) a r e s t a u r a n t ... (23) N e w York. F i s h was
us to k e e p c a l m a n d to get off... (14) plane quietly as s o o n as it had served a n d , while eating it, I felt s o m e t h i n g h a r d ... (24) my t e e t h , a n d
t o u c h e d d o w n . Everybody on ... (15) b o a r d was worried a n d we were what do you t h i n k it w a s ? "
c u r i o u s to find o u t w h a t h a d h a p p e n e d . Later we learnt t h a t there was
" T h e d i a m o n d ! " exclaimed several... (25) t h e A m e r i c a n s .
... (16) very i m p o r t a n t p e r s o n on ... (17) b o a r d . ... (18) police h a d b e e n
" N o , " said t h e old m a n . " I t was a Fish b o n e . "
told t h a t ... (19) b o m b h a d b e e n p l a n t e d on ... (20) plane. After we h a d
l a n d e d , ... (21) plane was searched thoroughly. F o r t u n a t e l y , n o t h i n g B. /: Interviewer S: Sheila
was found a n d five h o u r s later we were able to take off again. /: So could you tell me ... (1) your last holiday?
S: It was a c o m p l e t e disaster, a n d it was a pity, because I was really
B. ... (1) C a p t a i n Ben Fawcett h a s b o u g h t ... (2) u n u s u a l taxi a n d
looking forward ... (2) it. T h e plane d i d n ' t take off... (3) t i m e — it was
h a s b e g u n ... (3) new service. ... (4) taxi is ... (5) small Swiss a e r o p l a n e
delayed six h o u r s ! T h e flight was awful — I suffered ... (4) air-sickness
called a " P i l a t u s P o r t e r " . T h i s wonderful p l a n e c a n carry seven pas
all t h e way. My hotel r o o m was small a n d dirty. I c o m p l a i n e d ... (5)
sengers. ... (6) most surprising t h i n g about it, however, is t h a t it c a n
it ... (6) t h e m a n a g e r a n d insisted ... (7) having a different r o o m , a n d
land anywhere: on ... (7) snow, ... (8) water, or even on ... (9) ploughed
I even succeeded ... (8) getting o n e , b u t it was just t h e s a m e !
field. ... (10) C a p t a i n Fawcett's first passenger was ... (11) d o c t o r w h o
/: G o o d n e s s , it s o u n d s terrible.
flew from ... (12) B i r m i n g h a m to ... (13) lonely village in ... (14) Welsh
S: I was really d i s a p p o i n t e d ... (9) t h e b e a c h — it was ugly a n d
m o u n t a i n s . Since t h e n , ... (15) C a p t a i n Fawcett h a s flown ... (16) pas
miles ... (10) t h e hotel. N o , t h e whole t h i n g was a c o m p l e t e disaster. ...
sengers to m a n y u n u s u a l places. O n c e he l a n d e d on ... (17) roof of...
(11) t h e end I c o u l d n ' t wait to get back h o m e .
(18) block of ... (19) flats a n d on a n o t h e r o c c a s i o n , he l a n d e d in ...
/: So you weren't at all satisfied ... (12) your holiday?
(20) deserted car park. ... (21) C a p t a i n Fawcett h a s just refused ... (22)
S: N o , I wasn't. I'd never go back there again!
strange request from ... (23) b u s i n e s s m a n . ... (24) m a n w a n t e d to fly
/: A n d how i m p o r t a n t are holidays ... (13) you?
to ... (25) Rockall, ... (26) lonely island in ... (27) Atlantic O c e a n , b u t
S: Very. I love visiting beautiful places. T h a t ' s why I was so an
... (28) C a p t a i n Fawcett did not take h i m because ... (29) t r i p was t o o
gry ... (14) t h e holiday a n d ... (15) t h e m a n w h o b o o k e d it ... (16) m e .
dangerous.
/: Yes, I ' m sure you were. W h i c h c o m p a n y did you b o o k your
2. Fill in the gaps with prepositions if necessary. Retell the texts. holiday ... (17)?
S: S u n T o u r Holidays.
A. O n e day a p a r t y of A m e r i c a n s were having d i n n e r ... (1) t h e R i t z /: Oh...
H o t e l ... (2) L o n d o n . W h e n Fish was served, s o m e ... (3) t h e m began
telling interesting stories about finding jewels ... (4) fish. 3. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.
An old m a n w h o had b e e n quietly listening all the t i m e a n d saying
Yesterday a f t e r n o o n I (go) to t h e a i r p o r t to meet Pierre w h o (come)
very little at last remarked: "I have heard all your stories, now I shall
to Paris to spend a few days with m e . I (arrive) at t h e a i r p o r t at two
tell you o n e . "
o'clock, (go) to a waiting r o o m a n d (sit) d o w n . W h e n it ( a n n o u n c e )
" W h e n I was young," he went o n , "I worked ... (5) a big firm ... (6)
that t h e plane (be) an h o u r late, I (decide) to go for a walk. I (just,
N e w York, a n d as it always h a p p e n s ... (7) y o u n g people I fell in love ...
walk) away from the building, w h e n I (see) an old friend c o m i n g to
(8) a girl a n d very soon b e c a m e engaged. ... (9) two m o n t h s ... (10) o u r
wards m e . We (talk) for a m o m e n t , t h e n (go) to t h e bar, where we
m a r r i a g e I was suddenly s e n t . . . (11) E n g l a n d ... (12) business. Because
(have) a few d r i n k s . Suddenly I (remember) Pierre. We (rush) to t h e
I had a lot of business there, I stayed ... (13) E n g l a n d s o m e w h a t longer
information desk. I (tell) t h a t t h e plane from Paris (arrive) 40 m i n u t e s
t h a n I had expected, but just ... (14) going h o m e I b o u g h t a beautiful
earlier. I (hurry) out of the building, (get) i n t o my c a r a n d (drive) away
d i a m o n d ring, intending to give i t . . . (15) t h e girl I was going to marry.
quickly. W h e n I (arrive) h o m e I (find) Pierre sitting on his suitcase
O n e m o r n i n g , ... (16) board ... (17) t h e liner crossing t h e Atlantic
outside my front door.
— Доброе утро! С к а ж и т е , пожалуйста, есть ли рейс на Л о н д о н

25 о к т я б р я ?
— Да, есть два рейса — утром и вечером. Unit 29
— К о г д а у т р е н н и й рейс?
— В 6 ч а с о в утра. G R A M M A R : The Participle
— Нет, э т о с л и ш к о м р а н о . У м е н я будет б е с с о н н а я н о ч ь , е с л и
я п о л е ч у э т и м с а м о л е т о м . Когда в е ч е р н и й рейс?
— В 8 ч а с о в вечера.
— Когда самолет прибывает в Лондон?
The participles are:
— В 10 ч а с о в .
— Э т о в р е м я м е н я устраивает. Е с т ь л и б и л е т ы н а э т о т рейс? a) present participles (playing, r u n n i n g , etc.),
— Да, есть несколько билетов первого класса. b) past participles (played, w r i t t e n , etc.) a n d
— П о ж а л у й с т а , о д и н б и л е т туда и о б р а т н о . Я в о з в р а щ а ю с ь c) perfect participles (having w r i t t e n , etc.).
30 о к т я б р я . 1) Present a n d past participles c a n be u s e d as adjectives.
T h e present participle (-ing) describes w h a t s o m e b o d y or some
t h i n g is (it answers t h e question " W h a t k i n d ? " ) . T h e past participle
(-ed) describes how s o m e b o d y feels (it answers t h e question " H o w do
you feel?").
It's a very t i r i n g job. ( W h a t k i n d of job? Tiring.)

H e ' s very tired. ( H o w d o e s he feel? Tired.)
Participles c a n also be used:
2) instead of a relative p r o n o u n a n d a full verb.

T h e m a n s t a n d i n g at t h e d o o r is my boss. ( = T h e m a n w h o is stand
ing at t h e d o o r is my boss.)
T h e i n f o r m a t i o n presented in t h e article was invaluable. ( = T h e
i n f o r m a t i o n w h i c h was p r e s e n t e d in t h e article was invaluable.)
3) to express reason.
Being late, A d a m t o o k a taxi. (= Because he was late, A d a m t o o k
a taxi.)
H a v i n g spent all her money, P a m asked for a loan. ( = B e c a u s e she
h a d spent all h e r money, P a m asked for a loan.)
4) to express t i m e .
Having d o n e her h o m e w o r k , she w a t c h e d TV. (=After she h a d d o n e
h e r h o m e w o r k , she watched TV.)
H e broke his a r m (while) playing hockey. ( = H e broke his a r m
while he was playing hockey.)
5) instead of t h e Past Simple in narratives w h e n we describe ac 9. A: How do you feel today?
tions h a p p e n i n g i m m e d i a t e l y o n e after t h e other. В: I still feel very t i r e d / t i r i n g .
Seeing t h e shadow, he s c r e a m e d . (= He saw t h e shadow a n d he A: Was M o t h e r upset w h e n you broke her vase?
screamed). B: N o t really, but she was very a n n o y e d / a n n o y i n g .
6) to avoid repeating the Past C o n t i n u o u s in t h e s a m e s e n t e n c e .
A: D i d you h u r t yourself w h e n you fell?
She was c l i m b i n g up a ladder c a r r y i n g a bucket. (= She was climb
B: N o , but I was very e m b a r r a s s e d / e m b a r r a s s i n g .
ing up a ladder a n d she was c a r r y i n g a bucket.)
12. A: Shall I t u r n off t h e lights?
7) after: hear, listen, notice, see, watch to express an i n c o m p l e t e B: N o . I ' m frightened/frightening of t h e dark.
a c t i o n , an action in process or a long action.
I saw T i m doing his h o m e w o r k . (I saw p a r t of t h e a c t i o n in prog 13. A: Do they k n o w about Paul's failure?
ress. I d i d n ' t wait until he h a d finished.) B: Yes. T h e y were shocked/shocking w h e n they h e a r d t h e
but: hear, listen, notice, s e e , watch + infinitive w i t h o u t to express news.
a c o m p l e t e action, s o m e t h i n g t h a t o n e saw or heard from b e g i n n i n g 14. A: H o w did you find t h e story?
t o end. В: I t h o u g h t it was quite a m u s e d / a m u s i n g .
I saw T i m do his h o m e w o r k . It t o o k h i m an hour. (I saw t h e whole
action from b e g i n n i n g to end.) 15. A: I d i d n ' t k n o w you were i n t e r e s t i n g / i n t e r e s t e d in garden
ing.
B: I ' m not. I t h i n k it's really b o r i n g / b o r e d but my m u m ' s h u r t
Practice
her back a n d she was c o n c e r n i n g / c o n c e r n e d t h a t t h e g a r d e n
1. Choose the correct form of the participle. would b e c o m e a mess.
A: O h , I u n d e r s t a n d now. I was really surprising/surprised to
1. A: D i d you enjoy t h e h o r r o r film?
see you with a spade in your h a n d !
B: N o . It was very frightening/frightened.
B: D o n ' t laugh! T h i s is really tiring/tired. I feel e x h a u s t e d /
2. A: M a r k is always biting t h e nails. e x h a u s t i n g already.
В: 1 know. It's an extremely a n n o y e d / a n n o y i n g habit.
2. Choose the correct form of the participle.
3. A: W h y d o e s n ' t J o h n study F r e n c h ?
B: He is n o t interested/interesting in l e a r n i n g a foreign lan 1. W h o is t h e girl (doing, done) h e r task on t h e blackboard? 2. T h e
guage. b o o k (writing, written) by h i m is not very interesting. 3. T h e transla
tion (doing, done) by me was very easy. 4. T h e (losing, lost) keys were
4. A: Do you like windsurfing?
not found. 5. T h e (losing, lost) t e a m will n o t get t h e prize. 6. I d o n ' t
B: Yes. I find it very excited/exciting.
like t h e video (buying, bought) yesterday. 7. Do you know t h e boy
5. A: Vicky is good at a r t , isn't she? ( c o m i n g , c o m e ) towards us? 8. We like t h e songs (singing, sung) by
B: Yes. I was impressed/impressing by h e r p a i n t i n g s . t h i s singer. 9. T h e question ((discussing, discussed) at t h e m e e t i n g was
very i m p o r t a n t . 10. T h e house ( s u r r o u n d i n g , surrounded,) by tall trees
6. A: I haven't seen Mr G r e e n for several days.
is very beautiful. 11. T h e girl (washing, washed) t h e floor is my sister.
B: N e i t h e r have I. It's a bit worried/worrying.
12. T h e floor (washing, washed) by H e l e n is very clean. 13. She picked
7. A: Have you read t h a t new b o o k yet? up t h e (breaking, broken) cup. 14. H e r e are t h e b o o k s (receiving, re
B: O n l y s o m e of it. It's very b o r e d / b o r i n g . ceived) yesterday. 15. He d o e s n ' t like (boiling, boiled) milk. 16. T h e
(singing, sung) girl was about fourteen. 17. T h e (stealing, stolen) t h i n g s
8. A: D i d you enjoy your holiday?
were r e t u r n e d to the owner.
B: O h , yes. It was very relaxed/relaxing.
3. Rephrase the sentences using participles. 2. A: I walked past the lake yesterday.
B: So did I. I stood for a m o m e n t to watch some c h i l d r e n (feed)
He was lying on the bed and he was reading a book.
t h e ducks.
He was lying on the bed reading a book.
3. A: M a r y is good at playing t h e p i a n o , isn't she?
1. Jack b u r n t his finger while he was lighting a fire. 2. After A n n
B: Yes. I h e a r d her (perform) in a c o n c e r t last week. She was
h a d ironed her clothes, she put t h e m away. 3. Because he was cold,
wonderful.
J a m e s t u r n e d o n t h e heater. 4 . T h e p h o t o g r a p h s , w h i c h were t a k e n
at the reception, were blurred. 5. Liza took a d e e p b r e a t h a n d dived 4. A: Is Paul at h o m e ?
i n t o t h e water. 6. A n n washed t h e p a i n t b r u s h e s before she p a i n t e d B: N o . I saw h i m (leave) for work as I passed by.
the living r o o m . 7. She was sitting on t h e sofa a n d she was k n i t t i n g a
j u m p e r . 8. T h e girl w h o is sitting next to Alison is Vicky. 9. Because 5. A: H o w do you know Steve t o o k t h e letter?
he h a d forgotten to do t h e s h o p p i n g , he ate out t h a t night. 10. E m m a В: I noticed h i m (put) it in his briefcase.
t u r n e d t h e key in the lock a n d o p e n e d the door. 11. T h e jewels which 6. A: D i d M a l c o l m wash up properly?
were taken by t h e thieves were very valuable. 12. Because we were late, B: Yes. I watched h i m (do) it to m a k e sure.
we t o o k a taxi. 13. After t h e t e a c h e r h a d explained t h e exercise, he
asked the students to do it. 14. D o n n a had a shower before she went 7. A: Is t h a t J o a n n a ' s fiance"?
to bed. 15. He was sitting in t h e garden a n d he was d r i n k i n g his tea. B: Yes. I noticed them (hold) h a n d s as they went into the cinema.
16. After J a n e t h a d m a d e t h e d i n n e r , she called the c h i l d r e n . 17. T h e
8. A: Are there any c h i l d r e n living next door?
boy w h o is s t a n d i n g by t h e d o o r is my brother. 18. S i m o n cut his h a n d
B: Yes. I often hear t h e m (play) as I'm hanging out the washing.
while he was c h o p p i n g some w o o d . 19. G a r y o p e n e d the w i n d o w a n d
b r e a t h e d t h e fresh air. 20. A m y picked up her pen a n d started to write 9. A: D i d S a r a h miss the t r a i n ?
the letter. 21. T h e m a n w h o is walking towards us is a relative of m i n e . B: N o , she d i d n ' t . I watched h e r (get on) the train before I left
22. Because she h a d forgotten to take her purse, she h a d to b o r r o w the station.
some m o n e y from a colleague. 23. T h e ideas which are p r e s e n t e d in
t h a t b o o k are very interesting. 24. T h e c h i l d r e n w h o a t t e n d t h a t school 5. Answer the questions.
receive a good e d u c a t i o n . 25. T h e y live in a h o u s e t h a t was built in
a) A: Do you clean the windows yourself?
1950. 26. He t o o k a b o o k out of his pocket a n d i m m e d i a t e l y started to
B: N o , I have them cleaned.
read. 27. Because he h a d failed his exam t h e first t i m e , he decided to
take it again. 28. W h e n he arrived at t h e station, he b o u g h t a ticket, 1. D i d you p a i n t t h e house yourself? 2. Do you cut t h e grass your
walked t o t h e platform a n d b o a r d e d the t r a i n . 29. T h e h o u s e which self? 3. D o e s he wash his c a r himself? 4. D o e s she polish t h e floors
is being built opposite my h o u s e is a m o d e r n n i n e - s t o r i e d building. herself? 5. A r e you going to s h o r t e n t h e trousers yourself? 6. A r e you
30. T h e c a r w h i c h is parked in front of the house is m i n e . 31. Did you
going to cut d o w n t h e tree yourself? 7. D i d you repair t h e clock your
like t h e film which is being discussed now? 32. As he was c o n v i n c e d
self? 8. Do you s h a r p e n t h e knives yourself? 9. D o e s he t u n e his p i a n o
t h a t they were trying to poison h i m , he refused to eat a n y t h i n g . 33. She
himself? 10. D o e s she sweep t h e stairs herself? 11. Did he build t h e
locked all the d o o r s a n d t h e n she went to bed. 34. A n n fell asleep when
new garage himself? 12. D i d he plant t h e trees himself? 13. Is she
she was w a t c h i n g television. 35. T h e w o m a n was driving along a n d she
t r a n s l a t i n g the b o o k herself? 14. D i d she m a k e t h e suit herself?
was listening to her c a r radio. 36. Because I d i d n ' t know his address,
I c o u l d n ' t c o n t a c t h i m . 37. Because she d i d n ' t want to miss t h e t r a i n , b) A: Did she have the window repaired?
she ran all t h e way to t h e station. B: N o , she repaired it herself.
1. D i d she have t h e coat s h o r t e n e d ? 2. D o e s she have her c a r p e t s

4. Put the verb in brackets into the correct infinitive form or the -ing
cleaned? 3. D o e s t h e m a n a g e r have t h e a c c o u n t s checked? 4. Did you
form.
have t h e ceiling whitewashed? 5. D i d he have his t o o t h t a k e n out?
1. A: Is Sue in t h e office today? 6. D i d they have t h e tree cut down? 7. D i d you have your coat cleaned?
B: Yes. I saw her (type) a report as I c a m e in. 8. A r e you going to have your house repaired?
UNIT 29 385
an upstairs r o o m , k n o c k i n g at t h e window, but there was n o b o d y in

Fluency
t h e house. Several people saw two Figures wearing dark clothes walk
Т Study and practise. ing t h r o u g h t h e flames. An old m a n with a beard stood crying at t h e
door...
You Won't Be Bored N o b o d i e s were found i n t h e r u i n s . N o o n e was surprised.
Paul: You must be very excited. Paris is a fascinating city.

Can I Help You, Madam?
T h e r e are so m a n y interesting t h i n g s to do. You
won't be bored.
A w o m a n in blue j e a n s stood at t h e w i n d o w of an expensive shop.
Jane: Well, I ' m a bit worried b e c a u s e I c a n ' t speak F r e n c h
T h o u g h she hesitated for a m o m e n t , she finally went in a n d asked
very well.
to see a dress t h a t was in t h e window. T h e assistant w h o served h e r
Paul: You should buy a p h r a s e book a n d t h e n you w o n ' t be
did not like t h e way she was dressed. G l a n c i n g at her scornfully, he
e m b a r r a s s e d if s o m e o n e speaks to you. T h e y w o n ' t
told her t h a t t h e dress was sold. T h e w o m a n walked o u t of t h e s h o p
be a n n o y e d if you m a k e a mistake, a n d most people
angrily a n d decided to p u n i s h t h e assistant next day. She r e t u r n e d to
will be pleased if you ask for s o m e t h i n g in F r e n c h .
I ' m sure they'll find my a c c e n t very a m u s i n g . t h e s h o p t h e following m o r n i n g dressed in a fur coat, w i t h a h a n d b a g
Jane:
D o n ' t be silly. I ' m sure you'll have a very s t i m u l a t i n g in o n e h a n d a n d a long umbrella in t h e other. After seeking out the
Paul:
holiday. r u d e assistant she asked for t h e s a m e dress. N o t realizing w h o she was,
the assistant was eager to serve her this t i m e . With great difficulty, he
Ghosts c l i m b e d i n t o t h e s h o p w i n d o w to get t h e dress. As s o o n as she saw it,
t h e w o m a n said she did not like it. She enjoyed herself m a k i n g t h e as
It was Friday, 13 January, 1985. T h e S a m s o n s h a d just moved i n t o
sistant b r i n g a l m o s t everything in t h e w i n d o w before finally buying t h e
an old house in Borley in Essex.
dress she h a d first asked for.
T h e house, built about two h u n d r e d years earlier, h a d o n c e be
longed to a m a n called Boyson. S o m e people in t h e village said t h e
Oysters for a Horse
h o u s e was h a u n t e d . T h e y said t h a t Boyson's d a u g h t e r M a r y h a d fallen
in love with H a r o l d , a blacksmith from t h e village. K n o w i n g t h a t h e r On a rainy day a traveller, wet to t h e skin, arrived at a c o u n t r y
father would not allow t h e m to marry, M a r y h a d p l a n n e d to r u n away i n n . T h e living r o o m was already full of people. Realizing t h a t t h e r e
with H a r o l d . But h e r father, having overheard t h e i r plans, locked M a r y was hardly any h o p e to get n e a r t h e fireplace o u r traveller t o o k a seat
in her r o o m a n d shot H a r o l d . W h e n M a r y found out, she h a n g e d her at a table by t h e e n t r a n c e door. F r o m his place he cried in a loud voice
self. H e r father, realizing t h a t he had d o n e s o m e t h i n g terrible, died of addressing t h e landlord in t h e opposite c o r n e r of t h e r o o m , " P r a y ,
a broken heart. take two d o z e n oysters to my horse, a n d be quick about it; my horse
O n e night, J o h n S a m s o n was lying in b e d reading. S u d d e n l y he is as h u n g r y as d e a t h ! " "Oysters to a h o r s e ? ! " exclaimed t h e landlord.
h e a r d a strange m o a n i n g noise, like a m a n crying. S e c o n d s later, t h e " D o a s you are told," said t h e traveller, " I know b e t t e r ! " H e a r i n g t h e
cigarette he was s m o k i n g went out a n d t h e r o o m t u r n e d cold. Again he strange order, all t h e people in t h e r o o m r u s h e d out to t h e stable to
t h o u g h t h e h e a r d s o m e o n e crying a n d moving about. H a v i n g searched see a horse eat oysters. H a v i n g got t h e whole r o o m at his disposal t h e
all t h e r o o m s , he decided it m u s t have b e e n t h e wind. Being very tired, traveller sat d o w n by the fire a n d w a r m e d himself.
he fell asleep, with a lighted cigarette in his h a n d . . . He d r e a m t t h a t he
S o o n all t h e c o m p a n y r e t u r n e d into the r o o m . " I h a d n o doubt that
could h e a r s o m e o n e k n o c k i n g loudly a n d that he c o u l d smell some
your horse, t h o u g h hungry, would refuse to eat oysters," said the land
t h i n g b u r n i n g . But it wasn't a d r e a m . T h e b e d r o o m c u r t a i n s were on
lord. " I n t h a t case you h a d better give h i m some hay," said t h e traveller
fire! S a m s o n ran out of t h e house.
smiling. "As to t h e oysters I shall try a n d eat t h e m myself as soon as
Fifty people from t h e village gathered outside, w a t c h i n g t h e burn
I am t h o r o u g h l y dry."
ing house. A p o l i c e m a n t h o u g h t he saw a y o u n g w o m a n t r a p p e d in
Self Check к а к м о и с о с е д и р а з г о в а р и в а л и о с в о и х детях. 15. Мы с и д е л и и

н а б л ю д а л и , к а к с о л н ц е п о д н и м а е т с я н а д д е р е в ь я м и . 16. У ч е н ы й ,
1. Supply an appropriate form for each verb in brackets. н а п и с а в ш и й эту статью, сделает д о к л а д в н а ш е м у н и в е р с и т е
1. (Open) t h e drawer he t o o k out a revolver. 2. He rode away (whis те. 17. Я с п р о с и л у м о л о д о г о ч е л о в е к а , ч и т а в ш е г о газету, кото
tle). 3. (Fail) twice, he d i d n ' t w a n t (try) again. 4. A m a n (carry) a large р ы й ч а с . 18. Ч т о ты д у м а е ш ь о методах, к о т о р ы е и с п о л ь з у ю т с я
parcel got out of t h e bus. 5. J o n e s and S m i t h c a m e in, (follow) by t h e i r э т и м д о к т о р о м ? 19. Я п о к а з а л ей п л а т ь е , к у п л е н н о е в П а р и ж е .
wives. 6. W h e n (use) t h i s m a c h i n e you must r e m e m b e r s o m e rules. 20. У с л ы ш а в голос о т ц а , о н в ы ш е л и з к о м н а т ы , ч т о б ы о т к р ы т ь ему
7. (Be) a student he was naturally interested in m u s e u m s . 8. ( N o t / д в е р ь . 21. П е р е х о д я дорогу, будьте о с т о р о ж н ы . 22. Я о ч е н ь благо
know) t h e language a n d (have) no friends in t h e t o w n , he found it h a r d д а р н а в р а ч а м , с п а с ш и м ж и з н ь м о е г о р е б е н к а . 23. Д о р о г а , к о т о р а я
с е й ч а с р е м о н т и р у е т с я , будет з н а ч и т е л ь н о ш и р е п о с л е р е м о н т а .
to get work. 9. He fired (wound) o n e of t h e b a n d i d t s . 10. I watched
24. В э т о й к о м н а т е есть н е с к о л ь к о с л о м а н н ы х стульев. 25. Он по
t h e m (rehearse) t h e play. 11. We saw h i m (leave) t h e house. 12. He was
л о ж и л с п я щ е г о р е б е н к а н а д и в а н . 26. В о п р о с ы , о б с у ж д а в ш и е с я
h e a r d (say) that he was leaving t h e next day. 13. He wasted a whole af
н а п р о ш л о м с о б р а н и и , о ч е н ь и н т е р е с н ы . 27. М н е с к у ч н о . 28. Э т о
t e r n o o n (try) to repair t h e car. 14. He spent a lot of m o n e y ( m o d e r n i z e )
о ч е н ь с к у ч н а я к н и г а . 29. О ч е н ь устав, я р е ш и л о с т а т ь с я д о м а .
t h e house. 15. She is busy (pack). 16. (Be) his own boss for such a long
30. Я с л ы ш а л , ч т о о н а и г р а е т на п и а н и н о , и не хотел п р е р ы в а т ь
t i m e , he found it h a r d to a c c e p t orders from another. 17. He told me
ее. 31. В и д е л и , к а к о н а в е ч е р о м р а б о т а л а в саду. 32. Б ы л о слыш
to start early, ( r e m i n d ) me t h a t t h e roads would be crowded. 18. She
н о , к а к о н и р а з г о в а р и в а л и в с о с е д н е й к о м н а т е . 33. К а к ч а с т о т ы
smelt s o m e t h i n g ( b u r n ) a n d saw smoke (rise). 19. I saw h i m (enter)
п о д с т р и г а е ш ь с я ? 34. М н е н у ж н о с р о ч н о о т р е м о н т и р о в а т ь ч а с ы .
t h e r o o m , (unlock) a drawer, (take) out a d o c u m e n t , ( p h o t o g r a p h )
35. Я хочу, ч т о б ы м н е п о г л а д и л и к о с т ю м . 36. Где тебе с ш и л и э т о
it a n d (put) it back. 20. I caught t h e m (steal) my apples. 21. I found
платье? 37. Когда в а м п о с т р о и л и гараж? 38. Вчера м н е п о ч и н и л и
h i m (stand) at t h e door. 22. I h a d my c a r (repair) at M o r g a n ' s G a r a g e .
в е л о с и п е д . 39. П р о ж и в м н о г о л е т в А н г л и и , он х о р о ш о разгова
23. We sat in his kitchen (sip) very hot, strong tea a n d (eat) cheese. ривает по-английски.
24. W h e n Alice n e e d e d a passport p h o t o , she had h e r p i c t u r e (take)
by a professional photographer. 25. T h e n u m b e r of a p a r t m e n t houses
(build) for t h e p o p u l a t i o n of o u r city is rapidly growing. 26. (Enter) t h e
hall you will see a staircase (lead) to t h e b a s e m e n t . 27. He h a d a good
practical knowledge of the language, (work) as an i n t e r p r e t e r for m a n y
years. 28. (Ask) what he t h o u g h t of t h e i n n o v a t i o n , t h e e n g i n e e r said
he approved of it. 29. (Warn) about t h e b a n d i t s , he left his valuables
at h o m e .
1. He зная г р а м м а т и к и , он делал очень много о ш и б о к . 2. О н и

б ы с т р о ш л и , р а з г о в а р и в а я о чем-то с б о л ь ш и м и н т е р е с о м . 3. М о й
дедушка посадил цветы, которые сейчас поливают. 4. Разреши
м н е п о с л у ш а т ь : р е ч ь , к о т о р у ю с е й ч а с п р о и з н о с я т , о ч е н ь волну
ющая. 5. Пол, вымытый учениками, очень чистый. 6. М а л ь ч и к
в з я л к н и г у , л е ж а в ш у ю на столе. 7. П о л у ч а я т е л е г р а м м у , он з а б ы л
п о с т а в и т ь п о д п и с ь . 8. Увидев с в о и х д р у з е й , о н а п о д о ш л а к н и м .
9. З а п л а т и в за б и л е т ы , мы п о с п е ш и л и в з а л . 10. И г р а я в т е н н и с ,
м а л ь ч и к п о р а н и л руку. 11. Н е з н а я , ч т о с к а з а т ь , о н а н е г о в о р и л а
н и ч е г о . 12. П о д п и с а в д о к у м е н т ы , м е н е д ж е р отдал и х с е к р е т а р ю .
13. П ы т а я с ь о т к р ы т ь дверь, о н а с л о м а л а к л ю ч . 14. Я с л ы ш а л ,
13-
UNIT 30 389
Brian: N o , not really.

Peter: Are you sure? You d o n ' t seem yourself today, s o m e -
how.
Brian: Well... I've got to find a new flat somewhere. They're
Unit 30 going to pull down the building where I ' m living at
the m o m e n t .
C O M M U N I C A T I O N : Problems and advice Peter: Well, is that such a problem?
G R A M M A R : The Subjunctive Mood (2) Brian: Yes, it is — when you've only got a week to do it in.
Wishes. As if/though clauses Peter: O h , I see. Well, Brian, if I were you I'd start looking
t h r o u g h the papers straight away.
PROBLEMS A N D ADVICE Brian: I have... every day for t h e last week, but I h a v e n ' t
found a n y t h i n g suitable. I really d o n ' t k n o w w h a t
a) How to ask someone about his/her problem: to do.
the matter? Peter: H m m , I see your problem. But perhaps you could put
wrong? an advert in the paper — you know — saying you're
What's
up? looking for a flat.
You look a worried,
(Jane). the problem? Brian: Yes, I could do t h a t , I suppose, but it all takes t i m e ,
bit upset,
the matter? doesn't it?
Is anything wrong? Peter: Hey! Wait a minute! Of course! H o w stupid of me!
bothering you?
Brian: W h a t , Peter?
b) How to give a piece of advice: Peter: Ken — my brother — he's an estate agent. I'm sure
he'll be able to help you. W h y don't you a n d I go
W h y don't you round and see h i m after work?
If I were you I'd
Brian: Well, that sounds a marvellous idea, I must say. Let's
I suggest you
I'd advise you to try that.
You could (go and see a doctor).
you should [T] W h y is Brian worried? W h a t does Peter advise h i m to do? W h a t

1 think you ought to do they decide to do in the end?
you'd better
c) How to accept a piece of advice: Practice

that sounds a g o o d idea. Thanks. 1. Match the problems from A with an appropriate piece of advice
I'll do that. T h a n k s for the advice. from B.
Yes,
I'm sure that's a g o o d idea. Thank you very much.
I'll certainly try that. T h a n k you. A
My car's been stolen!

I forgot to go to the meeting this morning.
Illustrative Dialogue I've left my purse at h o m e .
I've run out of cigarettes.
What's the Problem? I don't like my present job.
At college Peter has noticed that Brian seems worried about s o m e - T h e last train goes in five minutes.
I'm in love with Jan.
thing. He decides to ask what the problem is.
I'm beginning to put on weight.
Peter: You look a bit worried, Brian. Is a n y t h i n g wrong?
В 2. — Л у ч ш е бы ты п е р е в е л а э т о т т е к с т з а в т р а у т р о м . С е й ч а с
уже п о з д н о .
I think you ought to go and buy some more. — Я хочу з а к о н ч и т ь э т о с е г о д н я .
if I were you I'd ring up and apologize.
I'd advise you to go on a diet. 3. — Я с о б и р а ю с ь п о з в о н и т ь Р о б е р т у з а в т р а .
1 think you'd better hurry up, then. — П о ч е м у бы тебе не п о з в о н и т ь с е г о д н я ?
Well,
I suggest you report it to the police immediately.
— Е г о не будет д о м а . Он с к а з а л , ч т о у е з ж а е т в к о м а н д и р о в к у
why don't you ask her out, then?
I think you should go back and get it. н а пару д н е й и в е р н е т с я т о л ь к о з а в т р а .
perhaps you could change it.
4. — Я не з н а ю , где м н е п р о в е с т и о т п у с к э т и м л е т о м .
— На т в о е м м е с т е я бы п о е х а л а на К а в к а з .
2. Work in pairs. A asks В if he/she has a problem. В answers using — Хорошая идея.
the phrases below. Try to ask in as many different ways as possible.
5. — Тебе не следует т р а т и т ь с т о л ь к о в р е м е н и на ч т е н и е . Ты
1. My m o t h e r ' s b e e n t a k e n to 4. J o h n ' s failed his exams, б ы л у ч ш е п р о в о д и л а б о л ь ш е в р е м е н и н а свежем воздухе.
hospital. — Я попытаюсь.
2. I've lost my wallet. 5. I've got a terrible p a i n in my
chest. 6. — Я п о п р а в л я ю с ь . М н е э т о не н р а в и т с я .
— П о ч е м у б ы тебе н е з а н я т ь с я с п о р т о м ? Э т о п р и н е с л о б ы
3. I've just b e e n given t h e sack. 6. My flat was burgled last night. тебе пользу.
— Похоже, это хорошая мысль. Я так и сделаю.
3. Take turns to give advice on the following problems.
1. I keep biting my nails. 6. I've lost my passport. Т Study and practise the following conversations.
2. I ' m s t a r t i n g to go bald. 7. My car w o n ' t start in t h e
1. A: You look a bit worried, Alice. W h a t ' s t h e m a t t e r ?
mornings.
В: I c a n ' t seem to wake up in t h e m o r n i n g s .
3. I have failed my e x a m . 8. I never seem to have any
A: O h , dear! T h a t is a p r o b l e m . But d o n ' t you have an a l a r m
m o n e y left at t h e end of t h e
clock?
month.
B: Yes, of course, b u t I never seem to h e a r it.
4. I've got a terrible h e a d a c h e . 9. My c a r h a s broken d o w n for A: Well, why d o n ' t you buy an electric one? T h e y go on
the third time. ringing u n t i l you switch t h e m off.
5. I haven't e n o u g h literature 10. I ' m so b o r e d these days. B: M m m , I doubt if t h a t would do any good. I'd just switch
for my r e p o r t . it off a n d go back to sleep.
A: P e r h a p s you could ask t h e t e l e p h o n e o p e r a t o r to give you
4. Work in pairs. A gives advice, using the word combinations be
an early m o r n i n g call. It's n o t t h a t expensive.
low. В accepts the advice using as many different phrases as possible. B: Yes, t h a t s o u n d s a good idea. T h a n k s a lot.
A advises В to: A: N o t at all. I h o p e it works.
1. see a d o c t o r ; 2. stop s m o k i n g ; 3. sell t h e house; 4. play t e n n i s ;
2. A: You look r a t h e r tired this m o r n i n g , Father. W h a t ' s t h e
5. go on a cruise; 6. buy a new car; 7. t a k e up jogging; 8. eat less;
m a t t e r ? A r e n ' t you feeling well?
9. work h a r d e r ; 10. worry less; 11. get m o r e exercise; 12. t a k e t h i n g s
B: N o t very well, I ' m tired. I slept badly last night. I've b e e n
easy; 13. go in for sports
suffering from i n s o m n i a lately.
5. Translate into English. A: I ' m very sorry. F a t h e r . You ought to go a n d see a doc
tor.
1. — Я не сдал э к з а м е н по а н г л и й с к о м у я з ы к у . В: I consulted t h e d o c t o r two weeks ago a n d he prescribed
— Я д у м а ю , тебе следует б о л ь ш е р а б о т а т ь . m e some tablets. But t h e y d o n ' t seem t o d o m e any
— Я т а к и сделаю. good.
A: I t h i n k you should go in for sports. W h y d o n ' t you try

as if/as though + Past Perfect
jogging? It's so p o p u l a r these days. Unreal in He looked as if he had seen a ghost, (not true: he didn't
B: T h a t s o u n d s a good idea. I've t h o u g h t a b o u t it myself. the past see a ghost)
He looks tired as if he hadn't rested for a long time.
I h o p e it works.
Situation. A friend of yours asks you for advice. He/she doesn't like Practice
his/her job; is short of money; doesn't like the place where he/she lives.
/. Tony has got a bad cold. He has to stay in bed. Read what he says
Advise your friend.
and make sentences, as in the example.
WISHES I've got a temperature.

I wish I didn't have a temperature.
Form Use
I wish (if only) + Past Simple We express a wish about I've got a sore t h r o a t .
(wish about / wish he were/was with us a present situation which I w a n t to play outside in t h e snow, b u t I c a n ' t .
the present) now. we want to be different. I have to take m e d i c i n e . I have to stay in bed.
I wish (if only) + subject + could + bare We use this pattern for I c a n ' t go to my friend's p a r t y t o n i g h t .
(wish about infinitive a wish or regret in the N o n e of my friends are here w i t h m e .
the present) / wish he could learn faster. present concerning lack
of ability. 2. Scott has been on holiday. He had a terrible time. Read what he
I wish (if only) + subject + would + bare We express a wish for a says and make sentences, as in the example.
(wish about infinitive change in the future.
the future) (we never say: 1 wish It rained every day.
I would) I wish it hadn't rained every day.
/ wish he would stop drink
ing so much. T h e b e a c h was a long way from t h e hotel.
T h e hotel was dirty.
I wish (if only) + Past Perfect We express a regret that
something happened My hotel r o o m was small.
(regret about / wish he hadn't failed his
the past) test. or didn't happen in the I lost my luggage. My wallet was stolen.
past.
3. Mrs Taylor is annoyed with her neighbours. What does she say?
Look at the prompts and make sentences, as in the example.
1. If only m e a n s t h e s a m e as I wish b u t it is m o r e e m p h a t i c .
I wish he could help m e . Alan/play his trumpet late at night
If only he could help m e . (stronger, m o r e e m p h a t i c ) I wish Alan wouldn't play his trumpet late at night.
2. After I wish we m a y use were instead of was in all persons. Prompts:

/ wish I was/were rich. Mrs Parker's dog/bark all day
Mr Fox/mow the lawn at 5 a.m.
Mrs Edison/leave rubbish on the pavement
AS IF/THOUGH CLAUSES the Smiths/have a party every weekend
(CLAUSES OF C O M P A R I S O N OR M A N N E R ) Miss Brown/pick my flowers
as if/as though + Past Simple/Past Continuous

Unreal 4. Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense.
She's not from Spain, but she speaks Spanish as if she
in the
were/was from Spain. 1. A: It's still r a i n i n g .
present
Tony knew nothing, but he acted as if he knew something. B: Yes, I wish it (stop). I w a n t to go out for a walk.
2. A: Have you seen t h a t film? 5. Rita isn't very happy at the moment. Complete her words.
В: N o , I wish I (see) it when it was on at t h e c i n e m a .
1. R i t a wasted a lot of m o n e y on D V D s .
3. A: You look tired today. "I wish I ... so m u c h m o n e y on expensive D V D s . "
B: I've b e e n busy. I wish I (do) my C h r i s t m a s s h o p p i n g earlier.
2. R i t a t h i n k s new jobs are difficult to find.
4. A: Liza, I wish you (remember) to take t h e dog for a walk. "I wish new jobs ... easier to find."
B: Sorry. I'll go now.
3. R i t a c a n ' t go on holiday this s u m m e r .
5. A: Do you like your job, Doris? "I wish I ... on holiday."
B: Yes, b u t I wish (not/have) to travel so far every day.
4. R i t a d o e s n ' t have very good qualifications.
6. A: D i d you have a g o o d holiday? "I wish I ... better qualifications."
B: Yes, but I wish I (be) still on holiday now.
5. R i t a has to do t h e w a s h i n g u p . She hates doing it.
7. A: Do you like your new car? "I wish I ... do t h e w a s h i n g u p . "
B: Yes, but I wish it (not/cost) so m u c h .
6. R i t a is sorry her family moved to t h e suburbs.
8. A: I h a t e travelling by bus.
"I wish we ... to t h e suburbs."
B: So do I. I wish I (can) drive.
7. Rita t h i n k s she is very untidy.
9. A: I wish Paul (tell) me what is wrong with h i m .
"I wish I ... so untidy."
B: Yes, he seems very upset, d o e s n ' t he?
10. A: I wish I (not/shout) at t h e c h i l d r e n like t h a t . 6. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate auxiliary verb.
B: Why? T h e y were being very naughty.
I'm not very tall, but I wish I was/were.
11. A: I wish you (tidy) your r o o m m o r e often.
1. She d o e s n ' t u n d e r s t a n d M a t h s , but she wishes she ... . 2. He
B: Sorry. I'll t r y to.
c a n ' t ride a horse, but he wishes he ... . 3. I haven't got a house of my
12. A: If only S t u a r t (call) m e . own, but I wish I ... . 4. T h e y probably won't lend me t h e money, b u t
B: D o n ' t worry. I ' m sure he'll p h o n e s o o n . I wish they ... . 5. We d i d n ' t go to t h e w e d d i n g , but we wish we ... .
6. He c a n ' t speak G e r m a n fluently, but he wishes he ... . 7. I ' m n o t very
13. A: I wish I (be) back at school again.
artistic, but I wish I ... . 8. She h a s n ' t got a n y sisters, but she wishes she
B: T h o s e were great days, weren't they?
... . 9. T h e y d i d n ' t see t h e play, but they wish they ... . 10. He c a n ' t go
14. A: If only I (buy) t h o s e shoes we saw today. to t h e football m a t c h , but he wishes he ... . 11. I d i d n ' t w a t c h t h e film
B: W h y not go back a n d buy t h e m t o m o r r o w ? on TV, b u t I wish I ... .
15. A: I wish you (try) h a r d e r with your M a t h s h o m e w o r k .
7. Make sentences, as in the example.
B: Sorry. I find it very difficult.
16. A: If only we (go) to F r a n c e last s u m m e r . You want to visit your friend but you've got t o o much work to do.
B: We could go this year if you like. — I wish I didn't have so much work to do. If I didn't have so much
work to do, I could visit my friend.
17. A: Are you going to J a n e ' s p a r t y on Saturday?
В: I wish I (go), because I ' m sure it will be fun. 1. You went to b e d late a n d d i d n ' t wake up in t i m e for work. 2. You
want to go to t h e safari park with M i c h a e l , b u t you're afraid of lions.
18. A: I wish you (help) me with the housework m o r e often.
3. You would like to write a letter to F r e d but you d o n ' t have his ad
B: W h a t would you like me to do?
dress. 4. You went skiing a n d broke y o u r leg. 5. You d i d n ' t go to t h e
19. A: I ' m bored. I wish I (arrange) to go out t h i s evening. c o n c e r t because you d i d n ' t k n o w about it. 6. You have to stay in b e d
B: I ' m going to the c i n e m a . W h y d o n ' t you c o m e , too? because you've got t h e flu. 7. You are lost in L o n d o n b e c a u s e you d o n ' t
UNIT 30
397
naVe a m a p . 8. You d i d n ' t do your homework. T h e t e a c h e r shouted at
you. 9. I d i d n ' t r e m e m b e r my wife's birthday. N o w she is a n g r y with 2. Shirley. Evening, J o a n .
m e . 10. I broke my sister's doll. She is crying now. Joan: Evening, Shirley. I d o n ' t feel like working t o n i g h t .
Shirley: N e i t h e r do I. I h a t e t h i s k i n d of work.
8. Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense. Joan: W h y do you do it t h e n ?
Shirley: I wish I d i d n ' t have t o ! But we n e e d t h e money. My
1. Try to live each day as if it (be) your last. 2. T h e tea was not m a d e
w i t h sour milk, but it tasted as if it (be/made) with sour m i l k . 3. Tony
h u s b a n d ' s out of work again.
k n e w n o t h i n g , but he acted as if he (know) s o m e t h i n g . 4. She isn't the Joan: 1 k n o w what you m e a n . 1 wish I'd learnt to t y p e , or
s o m e t h i n g like t h a t .
Q u e e n of England, but she talks as if she (be) t h e Q u e e n of E n g l a n d .
5 T h e girl was staring at the c a r as if she (never/see) o n e before. 6. He Shirley: We c a n all wish! I left school at fourteen. I wish I h a d n ' t
b e haves as if he (be) the boss of this c o m p a n y , but I'm glad to say he's but t h e r e was no choice in t h o s e days. Youngsters have
so m a n y o p p o r t u n i t i e s nowadays. I wish we'd h a d t h e
not. 7. It was so hot after t h e aerobics class I felt as t h o u g h my face (be)
o n fire. 8. Bob hadn't received a n y news but he seemed really h a p p y
c h a n c e s . I'd never have e n d e d as a cleaner.
Joan: C o m e on Shirley, let's have a c u p of tea.
as if he (just/receive) news of his p r o m o t i o n . 9. My father is so strict,
he acts as if he (be) a general in the army. 10. His employees are not 3. Rick forgot to t a k e his n o t e b o o k h o m e yesterday a n d he really
slaves, but he treats t h e m as if t h e y (be). 11. He s p e n d s his m o n e y as if wishes he h a d r e m e m b e r e d it. If he h a d r e m e m b e r e d h i s n o t e b o o k , he
he (be) a millionaire. 12. J i m h a s only just learned this g a m e , but he would have b e e n able to study last night for t o d a y ' s science test... a n d if
plays it as if he (play) it for years. 13. We had never met before, but she he h a d b e e n able to study for t o d a y ' s science test, he probably w o u l d n ' t
greeted me as if we (know) each o t h e r all o u r lives. 14. C o l i n was o u t have d o n e so badly on it.
of breath. He sounded as t h o u g h he (run). 15. T o m is twenty-five years
4 . Alice's a l a r m clock d i d n ' t ring t h i s m o r n i n g , a n d Alice really
old, but he sometimes acts as t h o u g h he (be) a child.
wishes it h a d r u n g . If it had r u n g , she w o u l d n ' t have b e e n late for work
t h i s m o r n i n g . . . a n d if she h a d n ' t b e e n late, her boss w o u l d n ' t have
Fluency scolded her.
• Study and practise. Do you wish something had happened differently? Why?
5. T h e Anderson family lives in the suburbs, but they wish they lived
Wishing It Had Happened Differently
in the city. If they lived in the city, Mr Anderson wouldn't have to spend
1. D e a r Beth, all his spare time mowing the lawn a n d working a r o u n d the house. M r s
Anderson wouldn't have to spend two hours c o m m u t i n g to work every
I'm so desperate. I wish I h a d n ' t moved to this place. It's not a bad
day. T h e i r son Michael would be able to take the bus to the baseball sta
place but it's so quiet. If only t h e r e were m o r e people here my age, t h e n
d i u m . T h e i r daughter Jennifer would be living close to all of her favourite
I wouldn't feel so lonely. Even better, I wish my friends had moved book stores. A n d their other son Steven could visit the z o o more often. It
h e re from town. I thought I would enjoy t h e quiet life of t h e village, would be very difficult for the Anderson family to move to the city now,
but now I wish there were some roads nearby so that I could h e a r t h e but perhaps some day they'll be able to. T h e y certainly h o p e so.
traffic-1 wish I could afford to move back to town, b u t I d o n ' t have t h e
money. Maybe it's the weather. I wish it would stop r a i n i n g so at least A. Do you wish you lived someplace else? Where? Why?
I could go for long walks in t h e fields. S o m e t i m e s , when I'm really sad,
B. Mention something that is not perfect in your life and then make
I wish the village would d i s a p p e a r or my h o u s e would collapse so t h a t a wish.
I'd have to move. Maybe it will get better. If only I were m o r e patient.
I wish I had written a more cheerful letter. It's m a d e me even sadder. Self Check
I look forward to hearing from you with some suggestions.
Best wishes,
Жаль, что вы не п р и ш л и пораньше. Вы бы встретились с
Steve
м о е й с е с т р о й . 2. Я т е п е р ь ж а л е ю , ч т о не п о с л е д о в а л его совету.
3. Е с л и бы я б ы л с в о б о д е н с е й ч а с ! 4. Е с л и бы я умел р и с о в а т ь !
5. Ж а л ь , ч т о ее н е т с н а м и . 6. К а к ж а л ь , ч т о я не р а с с к а з а л е м у
об э т о м вчера. 7. Я ж а л е л , ч т о с п р о с и л его об э т о м . 8. Я бы хо
тел, ч т о б ы вы д е р ж а л и с в о и в е щ и в п о р я д к е . 9. Х о т е л о с ь бы м н е ,
чтобы вы не перебивали меня каждую минуту. 10. К а к ж а л ь ,
Unit 31
ч т о и д е т д о ж д ь . 11. Ж а л ь , ч т о я не с м о г у п р и с о е д и н и т ь с я к в а м .
12. Я ж а л е ю , ч т о не п о с е т и л э т у выставку. 13. Е с л и бы м о и роди T O P I C : Hotel
т е л и ж и л и в М о с к в е ! 14. Я бы хотел в с п о м н и т ь ее а д р е с . 15. Е с л и
бы ты его в и д е л а в т о т м о м е н т ! 16. Ж а л ь , ч т о я не о т в е т и л а на Illustrative Text
его п и с ь м о . 17. Ж а л ь , ч т о м о й с ы н н е и н т е р е с у е т с я и с т о р и е й .
18. Е с л и б ы с е й ч а с б ы л о л е т о ! 19. О н и п о ж а л е л и , ч т о н е п о л е т е л и London Hotels
в С а н к т - П е т е р б у р г с а м о л е т о м , о н и б ы с э к о н о м и л и м н о г о време
T h e r e are plenty of good hotels in L o n d o n a n d you're nearly always
н и . 20. Я бы хотел, ч т о б ы вы п о б ы л и со м н о й . 21. Я о ч е н ь сожа
sure of finding a r o o m in o n e of t h e m . Still if you d o n ' t w a n t to be
л е ю , ч т о н е с м о г у п о й т и з а в т р а н а в а ш у л е к ц и ю . 22. У н е г о всегда
т а к о й в и д , к а к будто о н с п е ш и т куда-то. 23. У н е е т а к о й в и д , к а к d i s a p p o i n t e d , especially d u r i n g t h e holiday season, it's better to reserve
будто о н а б о л е л а . 24. Т ы о б р а щ а е ш ь с я с о м н о й , к а к с р е б е н к о м . a r o o m beforehand. You'll find L o n d o n hotels just t h e s a m e as in all
25. О н п р е д с т а в и л е е с в о е м у брату, к а к будто о н и н и к о г д а р а н ь ш е large cities. You e n t e r a large e n t r a n c e hall or lounge a n d go to t h e
н е в с т р е ч а л и с ь . 26. О н г о в о р и л п о - ф р а н ц у з с к и , к а к н а с т о я щ и й reception desk. T h e reception clerk will tell you which is your r o o m ,
ф р а н ц у з . 27. К а з а л о с ь , будто н и ч е г о н е п р о и з о ш л о . 28. Д о ж д ь w h a t floor it is on a n d will give you t h e key. You will sign t h e register
ш е л н е с к о л ь к о д н е й , и к а з а л о с ь , ч т о е м у не будет к о н ц а . 29. Он a n d give your luggage to t h e p o r t e r w h o will take it up in t h e lift to
в ы г л я д и т у с т а л ы м , к а к будто д а в н о н е о т д ы х а л . 30. О н а д е р ж а л а your r o o m . If you n e e d some help you c a n call t h e c h a m b e r m a i d by t h e
себя так, словно она была хозяйкой дома. r o o m t e l e p h o n e . T h e r e is usually a l a u n d r y a n d a dry c l e a n i n g service
at t h e hotel. You c a n have your clothes cleaned, washed, i r o n e d a n d
delivered w i t h i n 24 hours.
T h e people in t h e office will always help you if you d o n ' t k n o w
your way about t h e t o w n . T h e y ' l l tell you where to go a n d what to see.
T h e y ' l l b o o k seats for you at t h e t h e a t r e a n d do all they c a n to m a k e
your stay a pleasant one.
If you want a guide to show you r o u n d , or an interpreter for a busi
ness interview, they'll get you o n e . If your wife is going to be with you
she'll find plenty to a m u s e her. She'll be able to spend her t i m e looking
at t h e shops while you're busy.
Comprehension
1. Listen to the text "London Hotels " and answer the questions.
W h a t is registration at a hotel like? W h a t services c a n you get at
L o n d o n hotels?
2. Read the text, analyse its language peculiarities. Do some exercises

in the next section to remember them.
Special Difficulties 1. A: W h a t t i m e is it? B: A l m o s t t e n . A: I'd better leave s o o n .

It . I have to be at the a i r p o r t by eleven. 2. I d i d n ' t have
3. Make sentences with the word combination to be sure of doing an umbrella, so I while I was waiting for t h e bus yesterday.
smth. 3. L e t ' s t u r n on t h e air-conditioner. It in here. 4. Every t i m e
I have to give a speech, I . 5. Would you m i n d t u r n i n g on
She/get a visa
t h e light? It in here. 6. A: It's a long drive from D e n v e r to
She is sure of getting a visa.
here. I ' m glad you finally arrived. W h a t t i m e did you leave this morn
1. H e / w i n t h e prize; 2. She/pass t h e exam; 3. I / b o o k a ticket; ing? B: At sunrise. We left as s o o n as it outside. 7. M a r i a ' s
4. She/get a rise; 5. I/find a r o o m ; 6. H e / m a r r y her; 7. She/meet h i m English is improving. It . 8. My friend was sick, so I sent h i m
at t h e party; 8. He/get t h e m o n e y a c a r d . It said, " soon."
4. Rephrase the sentences using have something done. 7. Complete the sentences by using an appropriate form of get and the
given verbs.
H i s teeth are checked twice a year.
He has his teeth checked twice a year. (tire) I think I'll stop working. I am .
1. My h a i r is t r i m m e d o n c e a m o n t h . 2. My c a r is b e i n g r e p a i r e d I am getting tired.
at t h e m o m e n t . 3. T h e windows will be c l e a n e d . 4. Mr Brown's b o o k 1. (hurt) T h e r e was an accident, but n o b o d y . 2. (lose) We
h a s just b e e n published. 5. My eyes are tested by t h e o p t i c i a n . 6. J a n e ' s d i d n ' t have a m a p , so we . 3. (dress) We c a n leave as s o o n
living r o o m is going to be r e d e c o r a t e d next m o n t h . 7. T i m ' s c a r was as you . 4. (marry) W h e n you ? 5. ( a c c u s t o m )
serviced last week. 8. S a r a h ' s new fridge will be delivered t o m o r r o w .
H o w long did it take you to to living here? 6. (worry) S a m
9. M r s Scott's cat was e x a m i n e d by t h e vet yesterday. 10. Paul's h o u s e
was s u p p o s e d to be h o m e an h o u r ago, but he still isn't here. I _ _.
will be p a i n t e d next weekend. 11. Becky's h a i r is d o n e every week.
7. (upset) Just try to take it easy. D o n ' t . 8. (bore) I _ _,
12. E d w a r d ' s d i n n e r was c o o k e d by his m o t h e r yesterday. 13. H e r
so I d i d n ' t stay for t h e e n d of t h e movie. 9. (pack) I'll be ready to leave
skirt is b e i n g c l e a n e d at t h e m o m e n t . 14. T h e i r new h o u s e is b e i n g
as s o o n as I . 10. (hire) After Ed g r a d u a t e d , he by an
d e c o r a t e d at t h e m o m e n t . 15. A new j u m p e r h a s b e e n k n i t t e d for m e .
e n g i n e e r i n g firm. 11. (fire) But later he b e c a u s e he d i d n ' t
16. T h e lock h a s to be fixed. 17. A new p a i r of glasses is going to be
do his work.
m a d e for h i m .
12. (engage) First, they . (marry) T h e n , they .
(divorce) Later, they . (remarry) Finally, they .
5. Ask someone at the hotel:
Today they are very happy.
to have your l a u n d r y d o n e , to have a blouse or shirt i r o n e d , to have
your c a r looked at or repaired, to have a rollaway bed moved i n t o your
r o o m , to have a table reserved for d i n n e r .
1. Я и с п ы т а л ч у в с т в о р а з о ч а р о в а н и я , не у в и д е в ее на вече
The hotel employees should assure you that it will be done immedi р и н к е . 2. П о д а р о к р а з о ч а р о в а л ее. 3. Я р а з о ч а р о в а л а с ь в с в о е й
подруге. 4. Том Б р а у н с о п р о в о ж д а л г о с т е й во в р е м я о с м о т р а науч
ately.
н о г о ц е н т р а . 5. С о д н о й с т о р о н ы , м н е хочется б ы с т р е е з а к о н ч и т ь
6. Use any appropriate tense of get and an adjective from the following работу, а с д р у г о й с т о р о н ы , я с л и ш к о м устал, ч т о б ы р а б о т а т ь т а к
list to complete the sentences. н а п р я ж е н н о . 6. Ты обязательно победишь. У м е н я нет на этот
счет н и к а к и х с о м н е н и й . 7. Я о б е с п е ч е н в с е м н е о б х о д и м ы м . 8. Мы
better late nervous
п о п ы т а е м с я сделать в а ш е п у т е ш е с т в и е п р и я т н ы м . 9. Я хочу с ш и т ь
dark light well
н о в о е п л а т ь е . 10. О н а хочет п о д с т р и ч ь с я . 11. Где вы ф о т о г р а ф и р о
hot hungry wet
вались? 12. Когда ты п о ч и н и ш ь с в о и часы? 13. Ты уже о т р е м о н т и
What time are we going to eat? I'm р о в а л п ы л е с о с ? 14. Я с о б и р а ю с ь з а в е з т и м е б е л ь в с в о ю к в а р т и р у
I'm getting hungry. ч е р е з т р и д н я . 15. О н и с о б и р а ю т с я с р е з а т ь д е р е в ь я в саду?
40Z Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT 31 403
Text Exercises 6. Clerk: C a r a v a n Hotel, good evening.

Jim: H i ! I was w o n d e r i n g if you have a double r o o m for
8. Ask and answer questions about London hotels.
tonight?
9. Speak about London hotels.
Clerk: O h , I ' m sorry. I ' m afraid we have no vacancies at
this time.
Jim: Okay, t h a n k s anyway.
• Study and practise. Clerk: You m i g h t try t h e F l a m i n g o Motel. It's n e a r t h e air
p o r t on S u n d a y Boulevard.
Have You Got Any Vacancies for Tonight? Jim: Okay, t h a n k s .
Clerk: Any time.
1. — I w o n d e r w h e t h e r you have a n y vacancies for t o n i g h t .
— Yes, I can offer you r o o m 24 on t h e first floor. 7. Clerk: G o o d evening. F l a m i n g o M o t e l .
— H o w m u c h is it? Jim: Yes, I w a n t e d to k n o w if you have a double r o o m for
— 28.90 a night excluding service. tonight?
— C a n I see it, please? Clerk: Yes, we do.
— Certainly. Would you take a seat for a m o m e n t ? Jim: O h , good! Do you have o n e with a waterbed?
Clerk: Let me check... yes, we d o , for $ 45 a night.
2. — Have you a single r o o m for two nights?
Jim: Yes, t h a t ' l l be fine. C a n you keep it for me? My
— Yes, but only on t h e t o p floor.
— W h a t price is it? name's Goldschmidt.
Clerk: Yes, I c a n k e e p it for you u n t i l 6.00 with no obliga
— 25.50 with service a n d TV.
tions o n your p a r t . D o you k n o w how t o get here?
— F a i r e n o u g h . C a n you show me t h e r o o m , please?
Jim: Yes, I do, t h a n k s . It should take us about twenty
— Of course. W o u l d you like to follow me?
minutes, I think.
3. — C a n I b o o k a double r o o m from now until Friday? Clerk: F i n e , M r G o l d s c h m i d t . We'll have t h e r o o m for
— You c a n have r o o m 33 overlooking t h e sea. you.
— W h a t ' s t h e price? Jim: T h a n k you.
— 40 p o u n d s not c o u n t i n g t h e service.
— C a n I have a look at it, please? A. Mr and Mrs Butt are booking in a hotel. Mr Butt is talking to the
— Yes, of course. C o m e t h i s way. receptionist. Mrs Butt, who is a little deaf, doesn't hear the conversation
clearly and asks her husband afterwards, who reports the receptionist's re
4. — Have you got a t w i n - b e d d e d r o o m for o n e night?
quests.
— I c a n let you have a r o o m on t h e s e c o n d floor.
— W h a t does it cost? R: Could you show me your passport, please?
— With a private b a t h , 30.50, service included. B: S h e asked me to show her my passport.
— C a n you show me s o m e t h i n g a little cheaper?
— Yes, of course. I w o n ' t keep you a m o m e n t . 1. Please fill up t h i s form. 2. Would you sign t h e register, please?
3. Please write d o w n t h e n u m b e r of y o u r car. 4. Please d o n ' t leave
5. — G o o d a f t e r n o o n . Fd like a r o o m for a few nights. a n y t h i n g valuable in t h e car. 5. Please d o n ' t p a r k outside t h e hotel.
— Single or double? 6. W o u l d you put y o u r c a r in t h e hotel garage? 7. Please d o n ' t smoke
— Single, please. in t h e garage. 8. Would you please read t h e Fire I n s t r u c t i o n s ? 9. Please
— We've got a n i c e single r o o m with bath on t h e s e c o n d floor. d o n ' t allow your c h i l d r e n to play with t h e lift. 10. Please tell me if
— Is t h a t an inside or an outside r o o m ? you'd like an early call. 11. C o u l d you let me k n o w if you are going
— It's an inside r o o m facing t h e park. It's light a n d comfortable to be in for d i n n e r ? 12. D o n ' t b r i n g your dog i n t o t h e d i n i n g r o o m ,
a n d only 26 p o u n d s a night. please. 13. Would you h a n g your keys on t h i s b o a r d w h e n you are go
— All right. I'll take it. ing out? 14. C o u l d you vacate your r o o m by n o o n on t h e day you are
leaving? 15. R i n g for r o o m service if you want a n y t h i n g . 16. Would you p7~| W h a t r o o m does M r H u d s o n want? D o e s t h e r o o m o n t h e sixth
inform the hall p o r t e r if you're going to be o u t late? 17. Please d o n ' t floor suit h i m ? W h y not? W h a t is t h e r o o m on t h e 12th floor
m a k e t o o m u c h noise after m i d n i g h t . like? D o e s it suit Mr H u d s o n ?
Checking in Situation 1. You've come to a hotel to book a room for a few days.
Mr Hudson: Have you a single r o o m for a few nights? The hotel has got some vacancies but still you find it difficult to choose a
Receptionist: We have a cheerful s u n n y r o o m with private b a t h room. One of them is too expensive, another is too noisy, the third is not
on t h e sixth floor. comfortable enough. Finally, you make your choice.
Mr Hudson: T h a t would be quite satisfactory if t h e rate is not
too high. I'm Unhappy about My Room
Receptionist: O u r rates are very low. T h e r o o m is spacious a n d Receptionist: Yes, sir! C a n I help you?
only 30 p o u n d s a day. Antonio: I have a r o o m reservation, er...
Mr Hudson: I ' m afraid t h a t is a little t o o h i g h . Receptionist: W h a t n a m e is it?
Receptionist: We have a n o t h e r r o o m on t h e twelfth floor. It is
Antonio: Antonio Machado.
a little smaller, but it is cosy a n d costs only 24
Receptionist: I see, a double r o o m was it?
p o u n d s a day.
Antonio: N o , a single r o o m with b a t h .
Mr Hudson: Is t h e r e a b a t h r o o m in t h e r o o m ?
Receptionist: Uh H u h ! C o u l d you just wait a m i n u t e ? I'll look at
Receptionist: Yes, t h e r e is a b a t h r o o m with a shower, a TV set
t h e reservations b o o k . A h , yes! H e r e we are! H o w
a n d a fridge.
long will you be staying?
Mr Hudson: T h a t ' s fine. I'll take it. T h a t will save me a little
Antonio: I'll be staying for two weeks, er, from t o d a y u n t i l
money. Shall I pay in advance?
t h e t e n t h of O c t o b e r .
Receptionist: N o , you n e e d n ' t . H o w long are you going to stay,
Receptionist: R i g h t , sir, if you'll just write your h o m e address
Mr Hudson?
a n d sign here.
Mr Hudson: N o t t o o long, a b o u t a week I guess.
Antonio: Is t h a t all right?
Receptionist: Please sign t h e register, Mr H u d s o n .
Receptionist: F i n e , sir! H e r e ' s y o u r key — r o o m 413 — I'll call
Mr Hudson: W h e r e do I sign?
t h e hall p o r t e r to take your luggage u p . I h o p e
Receptionist: Just here, sir — full n a m e , h o m e address a n d sig
you'll enjoy your stay.
nature.
Mr Hudson: R i g h t — t h e r e you are. Antonio: T h a n k you. T h e r o o m costs 26 p o u n d s , doesn't it?
Receptionist: T h a n k you, sir. I t h i n k you'll find t h e r o o m com Receptionist: T h a t ' s right, sir, excluding service charges a n d tax.
fortable. Here's t h e key. (A few minutes later)
Mr Hudson: T h a n k s . Where's the restaurant? Receptionist: Reception.
Receptionist: It's over t h e r e , across t h e lounge. Besides, t h e r e Antonio: C a n I speak to t h e h e a d receptionist, please?
are coffee stalls a n d snack b a r s on every floor of Receptionist: Speaking.
t h e hotel. Antonio: A h ! T h i s is A n t o n i o M a c h a d o , r o o m 413.
Mr Hudson: C a n I have breakfast in t h e r o o m ? Receptionist: Yes, sir. W h a t c a n I do for you?
Receptionist: No p r o b l e m . You c a n o r d e r it by p h o n e . Antonio: L o o k , I ' m sorry but I ' m very u n h a p p y about my
Mr Hudson: Sorry, o n e m o r e t h i n g — what facilities are t h e r e room.
in t h e hotel? Receptionist: Really, sir? W h a t ' s t h e problem?
Receptionist: T h e r e ' s a barber's a n d a hairdresser's, a foreign Antonio: W h e n I b o o k e d t h e r o o m I asked for a single r o o m
c u r r e n c y b a n k , a post office, a dry cleaner's a n d a with b a t h .
laundry. All of t h e m are on t h e g r o u n d floor. Receptionist: Yes, sir?
Mr Hudson: T h a n k you. You've b e e n very helpful. Antonio: Well, it's a single r o o m but it's got no b a t h , just a
Receptionist: I wish you a pleasant stay in o u r hotel, sir. shower.
4U0 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT 31 407
Receptionist: T h a t ' s strange, sir! Sally: S o u n d s good t o m e , t o o .

Antonio: Yes, it is! W h a t ' s m o r e , it's very small a n d I asked for Clerk: G o o d , the double t h e n . Do you have a credit c a r d ,
a quiet r o o m . T h i s r o o m is very noisy, i n d e e d ! sir?
Receptionist: Noisy, sir? Martin: N o , I'll be paying cash.
Antonio: Yes, very noisy. I asked for a r o o m facing t h e park, Clerk: T h e n I'll have to ask you to pay in advance. Fifty-
n o t facing t h e street, a n d there isn't a TV in t h e five a night, plus $8 tax c o m e s to $126. A n d would
r o o m . I asked for a r o o m with a TV... you fill out t h i s registration form, please? H e r e ' s a
Receptionist: Just a m i n u t e , sir. I t h i n k I've got it. C o u l d you tell p e n . Just your n a m e , address, a n d t h e m a k e a n d li
me t h e n u m b e r of your r o o m , again? cense n u m b e r of your car.
Antonio: My r o o m n u m b e r ? Martin: OK... here you are. A n d travellers checks for $130.
Receptionist: Yes, sir. Clerk: F i n e , Mr B a u m . Here's $4 c h a n g e . C h e c k - o u t t i m e is
Antonio: Er — 413 — why? 12.00 n o o n . T h e b e l l m a n will take you up... Harvey!
Receptionist: 413 — a h ! T h a t ' s it. You should be in four-oh-three! R o o m 615... If you need a n y t h i n g , just let me know.
Sorry, sir, it's o u r mistake. Martin: T h a n k you. G o o d night.
Antonio: W h a t ! I ' m in t h e w r o n g r o o m ? I see. O h ! T h a t ' s all
right t h e n . I ' m sorry. [Т] Do the B a u m s want a double r o o m or a single room? W h y d o n ' t
Receptionist: N o , I ' m sorry... It's o u r fault, I m e a n , my fault. I really they rent a suite? W h a t information does t h e clerk want from
do apologize. I'll send the head porter up right away. M a r t i n ? W h e n do guests have to check out of the hotel? W h o
is going to show the B a u m s to their room? W h a t ' s their r o o m
[У| H a s A n t o n i o got a reservation? W h a t r o o m did he ask for? n u m b e r ? W h a t is the r o o m like? How does M a r t i n pay for the
W h a t r o o m did he get? W h y ?
r o o m ? W h a t should the B a u m s do if they need s o m e t h i n g ?
Situation 2. Not long ago you reserved a double room at the Park
Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the following.
Hotel. You asked for an inside room with a fridge and a shower, but you've
Я буду п л а т и т ь н а л и ч н ы м и . Тогда м н е п р и д е т с я п о п р о с и т ь
got an outside room facing a noisy street. The room has got neither a re
вас з а п л а т и т ь з а б л а г о в р е м е н н о . 55 д о л л а р о в в с у т к и . У вас слу
frigerator nor a shower. You phone the reception and settle the problem.
ч а й н о н е т с в о б о д н о г о л ю к с а н а э т о й неделе? П о н и м а ю . Э т о до
в о л ь н о в ы с о к а я ц е н а . Е с л и вам п о н а д о б и т с я ч т о - н и б у д ь , д а й т е
Do You Have a Credit Card? м н е з н а т ь . Р а с ч е т н о е в р е м я — 12 ч а с о в . П о ж а л у й с т а , з а п о л н и т е
Clerk: H i ! C a n I help you? регистрационную карточку. Это звучит неплохо. У нас заказан
Martin: Yes, we h a d a reservation for this weekend. номер на эти выходные.
Clerk: All right, what was t h e n a m e , sir?
Situation 3. You are in the lobby of a big hotel speaking to the re
Martin: Baum, Martin Baum.
ceptionist. A few days ago you phoned and asked to reserve a single room
Clerk: Baum... Baum... O h , yes, here it is. A double for two
for you.
nights?
Martin: Yes, t h a t ' s right. But we were wondering... would you
Can You Help Me?
h a p p e n to have a suite available this weekend, some
t h i n g with a living area a n d a kitchenette? Clerk: F r o n t desk.
Clerk: Well, t h e only o n e t h a t ' s available t h i s weekend is Martin: Hello. T h i s is M a r t i n B a u m . T h e b a t h r o o m light in my
$140 a night. r o o m d o e s n ' t work. C o u l d you have s o m e b o d y c o m e up
Martin: I see. T h a t ' s pretty high... a n d take a look at it, please?
Clerk: You know, sir, this double is m o r e t h a n twenty feet Clerk: Oh, of course, Mr B a u m . W h a t r o o m n u m b e r was t h a t ,
square, a n d it h a s a refrigerator. please?
Martin: O h , really? T h a t s o u n d s fine, t h e n . W h a t do you say, Martin: R o o m 615.
Sally? Clerk: Okay, I'll have a m a n up t h e r e in a m i n u t e .
4UO Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II UNIT 31 409
Martin: F i n e . A n d a n o t h e r t h i n g — I d o n ' t seem to have a r o o m is the price of t h e r o o m ? " T h e m a n a g e r told h i m . "And what floor is
service m e n u . Is there one? it o n ? " he asked t h e m a n a g e r again. T h e m a n a g e r told h i m . " I s this
Clerk: Yes, t h e r e is. We have 2 4 - h o u r room service. I ' m sorry the cheapest r o o m you have? I'm staying here by myself a n d only n e e d
about t h a t . I'll have a r o o m service waiter bring you a a small r o o m . " T h e m a n a g e r told h i m t h a t that was t h e smallest a n d
m e n u up right away. the cheapest r o o m they h a d . " B u t why do you take t h e cheapest r o o m
Martin: Thanks. like that? W h e n your son stays here he always h a s the most expensive
Clerk: If you n e e d a n y t h i n g else, just let me know. r o o m . " "Yes," answered the millionaire, " b u t his father is a rich m a n
Martin: I will. G o o d night. and m i n e is n o t . "
Clerk: G o o d night.
[У[ W h y was t h e m a n a g e r of t h e hotel surprised? W h a t explanation
[У] W h a t ' s wrong with M a r t i n ' s b a t h r o o m ? W h a t else d o e s he ask did t h e millionaire give?
t h e clerk to do? W h a t d o e s t h e clerk promise h i m to do? W h a t
are his exact words?
The Power of Imagination
Situation 4. You are staying at a hotel. There's something wrong with Mr Brown got to a hotel late in t h e evening after a long journey. He
the bath. It doesn't hold water. There is only one blanket on the bed. You
asked t h e desk clerk w h e t h e r there were a n y vacant r o o m s in t h e hotel.
want two. Besides you've got some laundry to do. You phone room service
At that m o m e n t a n o t h e r traveller c a m e to t h e hotel a n d asked t h e desk
for help.
clerk for a r o o m , t o o .
Listening T h e o n l y vacant r o o m was a double o n e . " D o you m i n d s p e n d i n g
the night in that r o o m t o g e t h e r ? " t h e desk clerk asked. At first the
At the Hotel travellers d i d n ' t like t h e idea, but just t h e n it began r a i n i n g h a r d a n d
" W e want a r o o m on t h e first floor," I said. " C e r t a i n l y , sir," t h e they were t o o tired to go to a n o t h e r hotel, so they c h a n g e d t h e i r m i n d s .
hotel m a n a g e r answered. " H a v e you a r o o m with a private b a t h r o o m ? " T h e i r t h i n g s were c a r r i e d i n a n d soon t h e two m e n went t o sleep.
I asked. "Yes, sir," t h e hotel m a n a g e r said. " H e r e are t h e keys to num S u d d e n l y a loud voice woke Mr Brown u p . It was quite dark.
ber twenty o n e . " " W h a t ' s t h e m a t t e r ? " Mr Brown asked in surprise. In a weak voice the
I t o o k t h e keys a n d my wife a n d I went upstairs. We u n l o c k e d the second traveller answered: " I ' m sorry, b u t I h a d to wake you u p . I've
d o o r of n u m b e r 21 a n d went i n t o t h e r o o m . We shut t h e d o o r a n d put got a s t h m a . I feel very bad. In a d d i t i o n I've got a terrible h e a d a c h e . If
o u r cases on t h e floor. " L i s t e n , " my wife said. " T h e r e ' s a m a n in t h e you d o n ' t w a n t m e t o die, o p e n t h e w i n d o w quickly."
r o o m . H e ' s singing." " Y o u ' r e r i g h t ! " I said. " H e ' s in t h e b a t h r o o m . " Mr Brown j u m p e d out of bed a n d began looking for m a t c h e s , but
I k n o c k e d at t h e d o o r of t h e b a t h r o o m . T h e singing stopped. he c o u l d n ' t Find t h e m in t h e dark, a n d t h e sick m a n went o n : "Air, air,
" W h o is i t ? " a voice asked. " T h i s is o u r r o o m , " I answered. " W h a t I w a n t fresh air. I ' m dying."
are you doing h e r e ? " " Y o u r r o o m ! " t h e voice answered angrily. " T h i s Mr B r o w n still c o u l d n ' t Find t h e m a t c h e s , so he tried to find t h e
is my r o o m . Please go away! I ' m t a k i n g a b a t h . " window. It t o o k h i m s o m e t i m e , a n d at last he t h o u g h t he h a d found
" I ' l l call t h e m a n a g e r , " my wife said. Just t h e n t h e d o o r o p e n e d it. But he c o u l d n ' t o p e n it. As t h e voice of t h e traveller b e c a m e weaker
a n d the m a n a g e r c a m e in. " I ' m very sorry," h e said. " I m a d e a mistake. a n d weaker, Mr Brown t o o k a c h a i r a n d broke t h e w i n d o w with it. T h e
Your r o o m is next door. H e r e are t h e keys to n u m b e r twenty-two." sick m a n i m m e d i a t e l y s t o p p e d m o a n i n g a n d said he felt m u c h better.
T h e n t h e t w o o f t h e m slept peacefully u n t i l m o r n i n g .
\T\ On what floor was t h e writer's r o o m ? W h a t was its n u m b e r ? W h e n they woke up next m o r n i n g they were surprised to see t h a t
Was t h e r o o m vacant? W h a t did t h e m a n a g e r say? t h e only w i n d o w in t h e r o o m was closed but t h e large looking-glass
was b r o k e n to pieces.
A Millionaire at the Hotel
[7] W h a t woke M r B r o w n up? W h a t h a p p e n e d t o M r Brown's
T h i s is a story about a well-known millionaire w h o did not like to n e i g h b o u r ? W h a t did M r Brown begin t o look for? W h y did
spend even small s u m s of money. O n e day he went to stay at a hotel in M r B r o w n b r e a k t h e w i n d o w ? H o w did t h e travellers spend t h e
N e w York. He asked for t h e cheapest r o o m they h a d . He said: " W h a t rest of t h e night? W h y were they surprised in t h e m o r n i n g ?
л HI . ИНН Mill н >IHI\. I .-и v i i" a a
Reading assured t h a t there would be hot water, a n d t h e r e isn't any. A n d now, t,

crown it all, t h e wash-basin is b l o c k e d . "
Mr Thompson at the Hotel
T h e m a n a g e r looked at t h e w a s h - b a s i n for some m i n u t e s . He sme|,
M r T h o m p s o n h a d t o g o t o M a n c h e s t e r o n business. H e had not strongly of beer. T h a t is very s t r a n g e , " he said. He put his hand int<
b e e n there for years. He t h o u g h t of going by car, but he did not like the water a n d got out a small object. Mr T h o m p s o n heard the soun,
t h e idea of driving for several h o u r s on busy roads, so in t h e end he of water d r a i n i n g away. T h e m a n a g e r s m i l e d t r i u m p h a n t l y : "You forgo,
decided to take a t r a i n . As he was unable to c a t c h an early t r a i n , it was to remove t h e plug, sir," he said. " Y o u S e e , there is absolutely nothing
late in t h e evening when he arrived in M a n c h e s t e r . wrong with o u r hotel. "
Feeling tired after his journey, he chose a hotel n e a r t h e station.
He went to t h e reception desk a n d asked the clerk if t h e r e was a single Fluency
r o o m , with b a t h . " C e r t a i n l y , sir," t h e clerk said. "I h o p e t h e r e is plenty
of hot water," Mr T h o m p s o n said. He was looking forward to a hot /. Answer the questions.
bath after his journey. " O f c o u r s e , sir," the clerk said. " R o o m forty-
Do you like to stay at a hotel? W h a t are visitors required to do First
n i n e . I'll get the p o r t e r to take up your luggage." Mr T h o m p s o n was
t h i n g w h e n t h e y arrive at a hotel? W h a t i n f o r m a t i o n is required from
not a m e a n m a n , but he had m a d e his m o n e y t h e hard way, a n d he did
you when you are signing in at a hotel? W h a t services d o e s a guest get
not believe in tipping people for doing t h i n g s t h a t he could do himself.
at a m o d e r n hotel? W h a t is m e a n t by t h e t e r m " b e d a n d breakfast"?
" D o n ' t b o t h e r , " he said. " I ' v e got o n e suitcase. I c a n m a n a g e myself."
W h a t is t h e usual rate for a single (double) r o o m in t h i s c o u n t r y ? Wha t
"All right, sir. Here's your key. Your r o o m is on t h e fourth floor, num
are t h e duties of t h e reception clerk ( c h a m b e r m a i d , porter)? What Ц
ber forty-nine." " T h e fourth floor? I'd rather use t h e lift t h e n . " " T h e
t h e best hotel in your city? W h y do you t h i n k so?
lift is out of order, sir, I'm afraid. It h a s b e e n for t h e last fortnight." " I n
t h a t case, I shall n e e d t h e p o r t e r after all." T h e reception clerk looked W h e n did you stay at a h o t e l last? W h e r e ? W h a t is t h e hotel like'/
at his watch. " H e ' s just gone off duty," he said. " H e went just now, Is it difficult to get a c c o m m o d a t i o n i n t h a t hotel? D i d you reserve
while we were talking. T h e night p o r t e r h a s n ' t arrived yet." a r o o m in a d v a n c e ? H o w m u c h d i d it c o s t ? D e s c r i b e h o w you reg
istered at t h e h o t e l . D i d you like y o u r r o o m ? W h a t was it like? Did
Mr T h o m p s o n ' s face began to feel hot, which was a sign that he
you have y o u r m e a l s at t h e hotel? H o w did you find t h e cooking'*
was getting a n n o y e d . Picking up his suitcase, he m a d e his way up four
W e r e t h e p r i c e s r e a s o n a b l e ? W h a t w a s t h e service like? W a s there a
flights of stairs to his r o o m , which he found to be extremely small a n d
d r y - c l e a n e r ' s service at t h e h o t e l ? H a v e y o u ever b e e n abroad? Did
untidy. He felt like a d r i n k , so he picked up t h e p h o n e : "Will you send
y o u p u t up at a hotel? H o w did you find t h e h o t e l a n d t h e service
a whisky a n d soda to r o o m forty-nine?"
there?
Fifteen m i n u t e s passed a n d n o d r i n k arrived. H e p h o n e d d o w n
a s e c o n d t i m e : " T h i s is r o o m forty-nine again. W h e r e ' s t h e whisky 2. Describe one of the hotels you stayed in.
I o r d e r e d s o m e t i m e ago? I'd like it straightaway." S u d d e n l y feeling
suspicious, h e went i n t o t h e b a t h r o o m a n d t u r n e d o n t h e hot t a p . 3. What will you say in the following situations?
N o hot water c a m e out. I n fact, n o water c a m e o u t a t all. B y t h i s 1. You a r e at t h e r e c e p t i o n desk of a hotel. You w a n t a double
t i m e his face was feeling very h o t , so he went to t h e w a s h - b a s i n in r o o m for t h r e e days. You ask... 2. You w a n t to k n o w t h e price of the
his b e d r o o m a n d splashed s o m e cold water on it. He waited. Still no r o o m you are offered. You ask... 3. T h e desk clerk w a n t s to offer you j
d r i n k . T h e n h e n o t i c e d t h a t t h e water was still i n t h e b a s i n . I t h a d r o o m on t h e second floor. She/he says... 4. You are a guest at a hotel
n o t d r a i n e d away. T h e pipes m u s t be clogged. T h i s was t h e last straw. You want t h e receptionist to give you a wake up call in t h e morning
H e used t h e p h o n e again. " I d e m a n d t o see t h e m a n a g e r , " h e said. You ring up t h e r e c e p t i o n desk a n d say... 5. You want to have your
"At o n c e . " s h i r t washed a n d y o u r jacket cleaned. W h e n t h e c h a m b e r m a i d come;,
After twenty m i n u t e s t h e m a n a g e r a p p e a r e d . " C a n I help you, s i r ? " you say... 6. You are leaving t h e hotel a n d you w a n t your luggage to
he said. "I wish to m a k e a c o m p l a i n t about t h e service a n d t h e condi be t a k e n d o w n . You p h o n e t h e reception clerk a n d say... 7. You want
t i o n s i n this hotel," M r T h o m p s o n said. " T h e r e are n o p o r t e r s . T h e to have a telephone in your r o o m and y 0 u ask t h e clerk... 8. You don't
lift is out of order. My r o o m is no bigger t h a n a rabbit-hutch, a n d it is k n o w w h e t h e r t h e r e is a b a t h r o o m in your r o o m a n d you ask... 9. Y 0 1
dirty. I have p h o n e d twice for a d r i n k , b u t no d r i n k has c o m e . I was w a n t to have breakfast at t h e hotel a n d you ask...
4. Act out the following situations. key to my r o o m . ... (9) receptionist wasn't very friendly; t h e r e was no
1. T h e r o o m t h e desk clerk gave you is o c c u p i e d . You've r e t u r n e d p o r t e r to c a r r y my luggage, a n d ... (10) lift was out of order.
to t h e reception desk to clear up t h e matter. I c l i m b e d ... (11) stairs to my r o o m on ... (12) seventh floor at ...
2. T h e r e are a lot of hotels in Moscow. Your E n g l i s h colleague (13) end of... (14) long corridor. I was tired a n d thirsty, so I rang r o o m
service to send for ... (15) d r i n k . Of c o u r s e , ... (16) telephone was out
asks you what hotel you c a n r e c o m m e n d h i m . You give h i m s o m e
of order, t o o .
advice.
I decided to go to ... (17) hotel r e s t a u r a n t to get s o m e t h i n g to eat.
3. You've c o m e to W a s h i n g t o n on business. Your friend recom
I o r d e r e d my meal quickly but ... (18) service was so slow t h a t w h e n
m e n d e d you to stay at t h e R a m a d a Hotel. You call t h e hotel a n d ask
... (19) waiter brought ... (20) food everything was cold. I c o m p l a i n e d
w h e t h e r it is possible to get a c c o m m o d a t i o n there. T h e y ' v e got s o m e
to ... (21) m a n a g e r of ... (22) hotel a n d he explained t h a t four of his
vacancies. T h e y p r o m i s e to keep a r o o m for you till 2 o'clock.
employees in ... (23) kitchen were ill.
4. You've c o m e to t h e only hotel in t h e t o w n to b o o k a r o o m for
... (24) next m o r n i n g ... (25) m a i d c a m e i n t o my r o o m at 6.30 to
a few nights. T h e hotel is full u p , t h e clerk says. You are in despair.
clean. I was fed u p , so I went d o w n s t a i r s , asked for my bill, t h e n left
T h e clerk asks you to c o m e at 12 o'clock. If s o m e b o d y checks out, they
as quickly as possible. I'll never go back t h e r e !
might give you a r o o m .
2. Complete the texts with prepositions.
5. You're in L o n d o n on business. You are staying at a m o d e r n fash
A. Professor Brown was o n c e ... (1) his way ... (2) M a n c h e s t e r . ...
ionable hotel. You like t h e hotel a n d your r o o m . You p h o n e your wife
(3) those days travelling was difficult. W h e n he u n d e r s t o o d t h a t he
to tell her where you are staying. She asks you s o m e questions about
could n o t reach t h e town ... (4) n i g h t , he began to look ... (5) an i n n
t h e hotel a n d your r o o m .
where he could spend t h e night. He m e t a m a n a n d asked h i m w h e t h e r
/. Write a conversation for this situation. he knew a good h o u s e where he could spend t h e night. T h e m a n d i d n ' t
u n d e r s t a n d what Mr Brown w a n t e d a n d sent h i m ... (6) a large h o u s e
1. R o b e r t Wilson arrives at a hotel late at night. H i s secretary h a s w h i c h belonged ... (7) a rich m a n , Mr S m i t h .
b o o k e d a r o o m for h i m t h e r e . Mr Brown went t h e r e a n d was m e t ... (8) Mr S m i t h himself. Mr
2. He apologizes for arriving so late (his plane was delayed). Brown t h o u g h t t h a t M r S m i t h was t h e i n n k e e p e r a n d asked h i m t o
3. T h e hotel clerk smiles a n d looks t h r o u g h t h e guest list (the list of p r e p a r e s u p p e r ... (9) h i m . ... (10) first Mr S m i t h was surprised but
people w h o are staying at t h e hotel or w h o have reserved r o o m s ) . s o o n he u n d e r s t o o d Mr Brown's mistake. So he decided to play a joke
4. T h e clerk begins to look worried, says t h a t Wilson's n a m e is not ... (11) h i m . He o r d e r e d to p r e p a r e s u p p e r ... (12) Mr Brown a n d give
on t h e list a n d t h a t t h e r e are no r o o m s free t h a t evening. h i m everything he w a n t e d . ... (13) t h e m o r n i n g ... (14) breakfast Mr
5. Wilson is sure t h e clerk is w r o n g about t h i s . Brown asked ... (15) his bill. T h e n Mr S m i t h said ... (16) a smile t h a t
6. T h e clerk checks t h e guest list again a n d suddenly notices t h a t h e was his guest, a n d M r Brown realized his mistake.
t h e r e is a r o o m reserved for " R . W i l t o n . " T h e clerk says t h a t s o m e o n e
B. A hotel receptionist is t a l k i n g about h e r work.
has spelt Wilson's n a m e wrongly a n d apologizes. T h e clerk calls a por
You have to be quite g o o d ... (1) s p e a k i n g English, F r e n c h , S p a n i s h
ter w h o takes Wilson's luggage to his r o o m .
a n d G e r m a n . You are responsible ... (2) t h e keys to t h e r o o m s , a n d
you have to be c a r e f u l . . . (3) writing d o w n t e l e p h o n e messages exactly.
2. Describe your last stay at a hotel.
Also, you must be really efficient ... (4) keeping t h e list of guests up
to d a t e . S o m e guests are n o t very easy or pleasant, but you have to be
Self Check patient ... (5) t h e difficult o n e s , you m u s t at least seem to be inter
ested ... (6) t h e i r p r o b l e m s , a n d of c o u r s e you m u s t be polite ... (7) all
/. Insert articles if necessary. of t h e m ! N a t u r a l l y , t h e r e are t i m e s w h e n I get t i r e d ... (8) a n s w e r i n g
Last week I was in ... (1) S o u t h a m p t o n on ... (2) business for ... (3) all t h e i r q u e s t i o n s , a n d at t h e e n d of a difficult day I s o m e t i m e s feel
few days. I stayed at ... (4) hotel called "... (5) Executive". I arrived in quite capable ... (9) s c r e a m i n g , but I never really get b o r e d ... (10) t h e
... (6) evening a n d went straight to ... (7) reception desk to get ... (8) work.
3. Put the verb in brackets into the correct passive form.
Professor H i g g i n s , w h o (award) a major science p r i z e last m o n t h ,

(invite) to t a k e p a r t in a c o n f e r e n c e w h i c h ( h o l d ) in L o n d o n last
week. He ( m e e t ) at t h e a i r p o r t by a driver, w h o , u n f o r t u n a t e l y , (give)
t h e n a m e of t h e w r o n g hotel to t a k e t h e professor t o . A large recep
t i o n (organize) for t h e professor, a n d at least 200 e m i n e n t scien Unit 32
tists (invite) t o m e e t h i m t h a t e v e n i n g . T h e p o o r professor, however,
(leave) at a s m a l l hotel in a r a t h e r b a d a r e a , a n d w h e n he asked to
G R A M M A R : Modal verbs with Perfect and Continuous
s p e a k t o t h e H e a d o f t h e C o n f e r e n c e C o m m i t t e e h e (tell) t o t r y
Infinitive
s o m e w h e r e else b e c a u s e he ( n o t / h e a r of ) t h e r e . Luckily, later t h a t
e v e n i n g , t h e driver (send) t o t h e hotel w h e r e t h e r e c e p t i o n ( h o l d ) ,
a n d w h e n h e (ask) w h a t h e h a d d o n e w i t h t h e professor, everyone Illustrative Situations
r e a l i z e d t h a t a m i s t a k e ( m a k e ) . T h e professor says t h a t if he (ever/
1. You went out w i t h o u t your m a c yesterday. W h e n it started rain
s e n d ) a n o t h e r i n v i t a t i o n to a c o n f e r e n c e , he h o p e s it ( o r g a n i z e ) m o r e
ing, you d i d n ' t even shelter u n d e r a tree.
efficiently.
You should have b e e n wearing your m a c .
4. Translate into English. You should have sheltered u n d e r a tree.
2. Jack smokes a n d c o u g h s a lot. H i s wife says, "You ought to stop

— З д р а в с т в у й т е . М о я ф а м и л и я К е н т . Н а п р о ш л о й неделе я
smoking. You ought to have d o n e t h a t long ago."
заказал одноместный номер в вашей гостинице.
— М и н у т о ч к у . Д а , с э р , мы п о л у ч и л и в а ш е п и с ь м о . Я м о г у 3. Five new schools were built in t h e area. A year later the two larg
предложить вам номер 46 на третьем этаже. est factories closed d o w n a n d a lot of people moved away.
— Е с т ь ли в н о м е р е д у ш ? T h e y n e e d n ' t have built five new schools in t h e area.
— Да, душ и ванна. 4. All t h e trees in t h e park were cut d o w n . T h e motorway t o o k only
— Это хорошо. Надеюсь, что в комнате есть и телефон. p a r t of t h e l a n d where t h e park h a d b e e n .
— Д а , во всех н о м е р а х в н а ш е й г о с т и н и ц е е с т ь т е л е ф о н . T h e trees n e e d n ' t have b e e n cut d o w n .
— Э т о о ч е н ь удобно. М н е н у ж н о сделать н е с к о л ь к о телефон
н ы х звонков. С к о л ь к о стоит номер? 5. J o h n ' s m o t h e r was a n g r y with h i m . He was to have met her at
— 50 д о л л а р о в в с у т к и . t h e station, but h e d i d n ' t .
— Хорошо. Я возьму этот номер. 6. We were n o t to have left t h e village before dawn, but by t h e t i m e
— Тогда, п о ж а л у й с т а , з а п о л н и т е р е г и с т р а ц и о н н у ю к а р т о ч к у . t h e order c a m e we were two miles away from it.
— Х о р о ш о . К о г д а у вас п о д а ю т з а в т р а к ?
7. My airline ticket h a s n ' t arrived yet. It may have got lost in t h e
— С 7 д о 9.30.
post.
— Е с т ь ли в г о с т и н и ц е п о ч т а ?
— Нет, н о о н а с о в с е м р я д о м , н а д р у г о й с т о р о н е у л и ц ы . 8. S o m e o n e r a n i n t o t h e tree in front of o u r house. I w o n d e r w h o
— Спасибо. did it. It c o u l d have b e e n Sue; she h a s a car, a n d she was out driving
last n i g h t .
It c o u l d n ' t have b e e n J a n e ; she d o e s n ' t have a car, a n d she d o e s n ' t
k n o w how to drive.
It must have b e e n A n n ; she was out driving last night, a n d t o d a y
h e r c a r h a s a big dent in front.
9. Lady C r o c k e r casually left h e r c a r with the keys in t h e door. It
was still t h e r e w h e n she got back.
It could have b e e n stolen.
. - ш и н ш к п и И S M к . -1 .Л V I г> 1 |
UNIT 32 417
10. I c o u l d n ' t see t h e little boy a n y w h e r e . He must have b e e n

1. It wasn't necessary for her to buy so m a n y oranges, but she did.
hiding.
2. It wasn't necessary for us to take an umbrella. It wasn't raining. 3. It
11. M r s Brown's friend wants to c o m e o v e r at 3 o'clock tomor wasn't necessary for us to t u r n on the light. It wasn't dark. 4. It wasn't
row. M r s Brown says, " D o n ' t c o m e over t h e n . I m i g h t be having a necessary for h i m to call me today, but he did. 5. It wasn't necessary for
lesson." you to make sandwiches for me, but you did. 6. It wasn't necessary for me
to buy food, so I didn't go to the market. 7. It wasn't necessary for t h e m
12. Man: W h a t on e a r t h could t h a t b e ? to m a k e reservations at the restaurant, but they did. 8. It wasn't necessary
Woman: It's t h a t couple upstairs. T h e y must be having an for George to stay at work late last night, but he did. 9. It wasn't neces
other argument. sary for us to hurry, so we stopped to have lunch on the way.
Man: An a r g u m e n t ? They must be having a battle.
3. Show that the planned action was not carried out.
13. H a s N a n c y p h o n e d yet? She ought t o / s h o u l d have p h o n e d an
h o u r ago. (We d o n ' t know w h e t h e r she p h o n e d o r not.) He was to leave that night.
He was to have left that night, but he missed the train.
14. It's a s h a m e you devote so little t i m e to t h e child. You might
give h i m m o r e attention. 1. He was to spend a week t h e r e . 2. T h e y were to swim before
breakfast. 3. We were to c a m p on t h e b e a c h . 4. I was to p h o n e h i m at
15. Eliza is upstairs! — Upstairs? You m i g h t have told me this half
6.00. 5. She was to leave at 8.00. 6. She was to be m a r r i e d last m o n t h .
an h o u r ago.
7. T h e plane was to take off at night. 8. She was to have a music lesson
in t h e m o r n i n g . 9. He was to c o m e at 7.30. 10. We were to m e e t at 6
Practice s h a r p . 11. I was to pack t h e luggage in t h e m o r n i n g .
1. Fill in the correct infinitive form.

1. J a n e should (give) us her new address before she left. 2. P e r h a p s
1. Мы д о л ж н ы б ы л и в с т р е т и т ь с я в 7, и я п о с п е ш и л на авто
it is one's duty. Perhaps I ought (do) it. 3. He o u g h t never (marry) a
бусную остановку. 2. Мы д о л ж н ы б ы л и встретиться в 7, но он не
w o m a n eighteen years younger t h a n himself. 4. O h , Renny, you should
п р и ш е л . 3. Е м у с л е д о в а л о д а в н о о б р а т и т ь с я к врачу. 4. Ей не н а д о
(not/do) w h a t you did. 5. T h e y b o t h t h o u g h t it an o p p o r t u n i t y t h a t
б ы л о о с т а в а т ь с я т а м т а к п о з д н о . 5. Я м о г у его и не с п р а ш и в а т ь :
s h o u l d n ' t (miss). 6. T h e d o c t o r told her she o u g h t (go) to a s a n a t o r i u m .
о н с а м м н е все р а с с к а ж е т . 6 . Н а м н е п р и ш л о с ь б р а т ь з о н т и к и , т а к
7. He a d m i r e s you. He t h i n k s you're a little beauty. P e r h a p s I s h o u l d n ' t
к а к мы ехали на м а ш и н е . 7. Н а п р а с н о мы в з я л и з о н т и к и . Погода
(tell) you t h a t . 8. You've missed your c h a n c e . Y o u should (work) h a r d .
б ы л а в е л и к о л е п н о й . 8. М о р р и с с к а з а л , ч т о е с л и э т о долг, его сле
9. W h e n Charles saw A n n playing t e n n i s , he c a m e up a n d said, "Are
дует и с п о л н и т ь . 9. Тебе с л е д о в а л о з а н и м а т ь с я все э т о в р е м я , а не
you sure you ought (do) t h a t ? " 10. I t h i n k the c h i l d should ( p u n i s h ) .
с м о т р е т ь т е л е в и з о р . 10. О н з н а л , ч т о е м у н е н а д о н и к о м у н и ч е г о
11. T h e s e old houses should (pull down) long ago. 12. Small c h i l d r e n
о б ъ я с н я т ь . 11. И м н е с л е д о в а л о п о к у п а т ь р е б е н к у т а к у ю о п а с н у ю
ought not (play) in t h e streets. 13. Susan a n d R o n have just h a d an
и г р у ш к у . 12. Д ж о н с к а з а л , ч т о м н е н е н а д о б ы л о п р и н о с и т ь э т и
accident. Luckily neither of t h e m was h u r t . S u s a n says, "You ought
к н и г и . О н и у н е г о е с т ь . 13. Х о т я э т о и н е п р и я т н а я м и с с и я , я
(stop) at t h e traffic lights. You s h o u l d n ' t (drive) so fast." 14. R o b e r t h a s
ч у в с т в у ю , ч т о д о л ж е н с к а з а т ь тебе правду.
an i m p o r t a n t e x a m i n a t i o n in a few days, b u t he s p e n d s a lot of t i m e on
the b e a c h s w i m m i n g a n d s u n b a t h i n g . H i s m o t h e r says, "You (study) 5. Rephrase the following sentences in as many ways as possible.
for your exam. You s h o u l d n ' t (spend) all your t i m e on t h e b e a c h . "
Perhaps they are at work.
2. Rephrase the following sentences using didn't need or needn't have They may/might/could be at work.
done. 1. Perhaps, he is waiting outside. 2. It's possible she will work late
t o n i g h t . 3. It's possible he was driving t o o fast. 4. It's possible they
It wasn't necessary for him to wash the car. It wasn't dirty.
m a d e a m i s t a k e . 5. P e r h a p s , they w o n ' t stay at a hotel. 6. It's possible
He didn't need to wash the car.
she h a s b e e n delayed in traffic. 7. Perhaps, he will be leaving tomorrow.
8. P e r h a p s , he h a s missed t h e bus. 9. It's possible she h a s b e e n play b) You did not switch off the lights before leaving.
ing in t h e snow. 10. P e r h a p s , she is visiting a friend. 11. P e r h a p s , he You might/could have switched off the lights before leaving.
d o e s n ' t k n o w t h e address. 12. P e r h a p s , they were asleep. 13. Perhaps,
1. You do not wear your new suit to t h e office. 2. You did not even
she was not invited. 14. Perhaps, she will go s h o p p i n g t h i s afternoon.
notice how well she played. 3. You do not pay e n o u g h a t t e n t i o n to your
15. It's possible he is studying in t h e library.
child. 4. You did not try h a r d e n o u g h . 5. He did not meet h e r at the
a i r p o r t . 6. W h y d i d n ' t she write? 7. W h y d i d n ' t you invite h i m ? 8. You
6. Make sentences to explain each situation. Use the words and word
never let me k n o w when s o m e t h i n g like this h a p p e n s . 9. He d i d n ' t pay
combinations in brackets to make your sentences.
t h e bill. 10. Please stay with us a little longer. 11. Do c o m e a n d help me
I can't find George anywhere. I wonder where he is. c h o o s e a present. 12. You did not sew t h e b u t t o n s o n , Alice.
a) (he might/go/shopping) He might have gone shopping.
b) (he could/play tennis) He could be playing tennis.
1. Вы м о г л и бы п р и х о д и т ь в о в р е м я . П о ч е м у вы всегда опаз
1. L o o k ! Sue's going out. I w o n d e r where she's going.
д ы в а е т е ? 2. О н а б е с п о к о и л а с ь . Вы м о г л и бы ей п о з в о н и т ь . 3. Вы
a) (she may/go/to t h e t h e a t r e )
могли бы предупредить меня, что собрание отложено. Почему вы
b) (she could/go/to a party)
н е с д е л а л и этого? 4 . П р а в о , Н и к , т ы мог б ы м н е п о м о ч ь н е с т и
2. W h y d i d n ' t T o m answer t h e doorbell? I ' m sure he was in t h e
э т о т т я ж е л ы й ч е м о д а н . 5 . М о ж е т б ы т ь , т ы п о т е р я л к л ю ч н а ули
house at t h e t i m e . це. 6. О н а , в о з м о ж н о , ж д е т н а с уже п о л ч а с а . 7. В о з м о ж н о , о н и
a) (he may/go/to bed early) с е й ч а с в т е а т р е . 8. В о з м о ж н о , он не з а м е т и л н а ш е г о о т с у т с т в и я .
b) (he m i g h t n o t / h e a r / t h e bell) 9 . З а п и ш и в с ю и н ф о р м а ц и ю . Т ы м о ж е ш ь з а б ы т ь ее. 10. М н е , воз
c) (he c o u l d / b e / i n t h e b a t h ) м о ж н о , с к о р о п р е д л о ж а т работу. 11. М о ж е т б ы т ь , он не з н а л о
3. H o w do you t h i n k t h e fire started? п и к н и к е . 12. Е е н е б ы л о н а вечере. В о з м о ж н о , е й н е п р и с л а л и
a) (someone may/drop/a cigarette) п р и г л а ш е н и е . 13. Т ы б ы л о ч е н ь н е о с т о р о ж е н . Т ы м о г п о п а с т ь п о д
b) (it c o u l d / b e / a n electrical fault) м а ш и н у . 14. О н а м н е не п о з в о н и л а , а я могла бы ей п о м о ч ь .
4. I w o n d e r where T o m was going w h e n you saw h i m .
a) (he might/go/to work) 10. Rephrase the following sentences using must in the correct form.
b) (he may/go/shopping) I think he left.
5. G e o r g e d i d n ' t c o m e to t h e party. I w o n d e r why n o t . He must have left.
a) (he m i g h t / h a v e / t o go somewhere else)
1.1 t h i n k she is studying. 2. They were probably having d i n n e r w h e n
b) (he m a y n o t / k n o w / a b o u t it)
I p h o n e d t h e m . 3. Surely the boy recognized you at once. 4. She is prob
7. Complete the sentences using could/might + perfect infinitive. ably good at chemistry. 5. I t h i n k they were arguing. 6. Surely M o t h e r
took my umbrella. 7. They are at the seaside. Surely they are having a
1. Yesterday I left t h e c a r u n l o c k e d . It (steal), but luckily it wasn't. good time. 8. Probably he was taken there by car. 9. You have probably
2. Bob drove very carelessly yesterday. He (have) an accident, b u t luck heard the story before. 10. We feel sure she likes her new job. 11. I'm cer
ily he d i d n ' t . 3. You (drown)! 4. You (kill)! 5. It's a pity you d i d n ' t ask t a i n they have changed the p r o g r a m m e . 12. I t h i n k he is lying. 13. T h e
because I (help) you. 6. You n e e d n ' t have p h o n e d from a p h o n e box. town was probably founded about six h u n d r e d years ago. 14. Surely she
You (use) my mobile p h o n e instead. 7. You n e e d n ' t have called a taxi. is looking for her glasses again. 15. Probably I left my textbook in the
I (drive) you to the station in my car. 8. You n e e d n ' t have walked up. classroom. 16. Evidently the meeting was cancelled. 17. I t h i n k they
You (take) a lift. were waiting for her. 18. No doubt, you are tired of my talking.
8. Use might or could to express reproach. 11. Translate into English.
a) You do not remember your child's birthday. A. 1. В е р о я т н о , он уже в е р н у л с я с юга. 2. Д о л ж н о б ы т ь , он

You might/could remember your child's birthday. с е й ч а с р а б о т а е т н а д э т о й п р о б л е м о й . 3. Н а в е р н о е , я п о т е р я л
14'
свой к л ю ч . 4 . Д о л ж н о б ы т ь , о н и уже з а к о н ч и л и с в о ю работу. 14. Rephrase the sentences using must or can't.
5. Д о л ж н о б ы т ь , все в о п р о с ы уже р е ш е н ы . 6. «Том ж е н и л с я ! » «Ты,
д о л ж н о б ы т ь , ш у т и ш ь » . 7. Т е л е ф о н з в о н и л , но я не с л ы ш а л его. 1. I'm c e r t a i n they go to bed early on Sunday nights. 2. I ' m sure
Я, должно быть, спал. 8. Письмо, наверное, доставили утром. J o h n d i d n ' t stay late at t h e office. 3. I ' m c e r t a i n he h a s n ' t arrived
9 . М а г а з и н , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , з а к р ы т . 10. Т ы , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , п р а в . yet. 4. I ' m c e r t a i n they a r e working together. 5. I'm sure A n n h a s n ' t
11. Я д а в н о не в и ж у Д ж и м а . О н , с к о р е е всего, уехал. finished h e r homework. 6. I ' m c e r t a i n she was having a bath w h e n
I rang. 7. I ' m sure he h a s n ' t w o n t h e prize. 8. I ' m sure she's looking
B. 1. Вы, д о л ж н о б ы т ь , не у з н а л и м е н я . 2. Ему, н а в е р н о е , не for a new dress. 9. I ' m c e r t a i n Paul d i d n ' t invite L i n d a to t h e party.
с к а з а л и , когда н а ч н е т с я с о б р а н и е . 3 . Т а м , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , н и к о г о
10. I ' m c e r t a i n you have b e e n p l a n n i n g t h e project. 11. I ' m sure she
нет. 4 . О н а , н а в е р н о е , н е п о м н и т , ч т о о б е щ а л а п р и н е с т и н а м кас
was writing a letter. 12. I ' m c e r t a i n t h e y h a d n ' t paid t h e bill. 13. I ' m
с е т ы . 5 . Вы, н а в е р н о е , н е в с т р е ч а л и т а к о г о з а б а в н о г о м а л ь ч и ш к и ,
c e r t a i n he d o e s n ' t k n o w t h e secret. 14. I ' m sure they d o n ' t live here.
к а к н а ш Т и м . 6 . Д е т и , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , н е з а м е т и л и , ч т о уже стем
15. I ' m sure they left t h e p a r t y early. 16. I ' m c e r t a i n M a r y sent you a
нело. 7. О н а , н а в е р н я к а , н и ч е г о об э т о м не знает. 8. В е р о я т н о ,
b i r t h d a y card.
о н и не п о п а л и на поезд, так к а к в ы ш л и из дома поздно. 9. О н и ,
наверное, тебя не видели.
15. Respond using must or can't, as in the examples.
C. 1. В е р о я т н о , д о ж д я з а в т р а не будет. 2. Он н а в е р н я к а сдаст
э к з а м е н . 3 . О н в р я д л и з а к о н ч и т р а б о т у к п я т н и ц е . 4 . О н а обяза a) Peter has a good job. (graduate from university)
т е л ь н о п о м о ж е т тебе. 5 . В е р о я т н о , д и р е к т о р н е п р и м е т е е з а в т р а . He must have graduated from university.
6. В р я д ли о н а в о з ь м е т р е б е н к а с с о б о й . 7. О ч е в и д н о , о н а не при
дет. 8. О ч е в и д н о , с е г о д н я будет д о ж д ь . 9. В р я д ли н а ш а к о м а н д а b) H i s eyes are red. (go to bed early)
в ы и г р а е т м а т ч . 10. Н а в р я д ли я у в и ж у с ь с М э р и . 11. М е н я , веро He can't have gone to bed early.
я т н о , не будет в Л о н д о н е л е т о м .
1. She is late for work, (oversleep) 2. C a t h y is wet. (take h e r um
12. Rephrase the following sentences using can't (have). brella) 3. T i n a a n d B o b a r e relaxed, (have a g o o d h o l i d a y ) 4. S a m is
t i r e d , (stay at t h e office late) 5. H i s c o a t is h e r e , ( u p s t a i r s ) 6. T h e i r
I don't believe you're serious.
d i s h e s are dirty, (eat here) 7. Jessica h a s n ' t e a t e n all day. ( b e hun
You can't be serious.
gry) 8. She s t a r t e d h e r h o m e w o r k o n l y t e n m i n u t e s ago. (finish it)
1. It's unbelievable you've met Mr J o n e s . 2. I c a n ' t believe he has 9. She w e n t s h o p p i n g s o m e m i n u t e s ago. (be at h o m e ) 10. He looks
m a d e such an i m p o r t a n t discovery. 3. I d o n ' t believe he's eighty. He s a d . ( h e a r s o m e b a d news) 11. She still h a s a h e a d a c h e , (take an
looks younger. 4. I doubt t h a t you were at t h e library yesterday. It was aspirin)
closed all day. 5. Really you d i d n ' t m e a n it. 6. I d o n ' t t h i n k t h e radio
was stolen from his car. 7. I d o n ' t believe they have b e e n working all
16. Complete the sentences using should or ought to and the correct
this t i m e . 8. It's h a r d to believe that he is staying at t h e s a m e hotel.
form of the verbs from the box. Use each verb only once.
9 . 1 d o n ' t believe J a n e h a s m a d e such a mistake. 10. I d o n ' t believe t h a t
she was offered t h a t job. pass be win take sell receive
13. Express your astonishment or doubt about the statements in the

following sentences. 1. I've only got $50, but t h a t ... e n o u g h . We w o n ' t n e e d to buy very
m u c h . 2. You ... my letter first t h i n g t o m o r r o w m o r n i n g . I posted it
S h e enjoyed the performance. early today. 3. I was surprised. Liverpool lost t h e football m a t c h . T h e y
Can/Could she have enjoyed the performance? ... easily. 4. I ... my car easily. I o n l y w a n t $1,950 for it a n d it's in very
1. She was s h o p p i n g t h e whole evening. 2. He was invited to their good c o n d i t i o n . 5. A n d r e w ... t h e e x a m s last week. He worked very
wedding. 3. She h a s failed t h e exam. 4. It's my bag. 5. T h e p u m p has h a r d for t h e m . 6. " H o w long will it t a k e to drive to t h e p a r k ? " "Well,
broken down again. 6. T h e girl is lying. 7. He was given a rise. it ... long. It isn't very far."
17. Translate into English. In a d d i t i o n , she s h o u l d n ' t have arrived late for t h e interview. She
s h o u l d n ' t have s m o k e d a lot in t h e interviewer's office. A n d she defi
1. Ты д у м а е ш ь , Р и т а сдаст э к з а м е н ? — Д а , о н а д о л ж н а сдать nitely s h o u l d n ' t have asked so m a n y questions about vacations a n d sick
э к з а м е н . О н а м н о г о з а н и м а л а с ь . 2 . Т ы д у м а е ш ь , Р и т а с д а л а эк days.
з а м е н ? — П о л а г а ю , ч т о о н а д о л ж н а б ы л а сдать его. О н а мно G l o r i a will certainly do a few t h i n g s differently t h e next t i m e she
г о з а н и м а л а с ь . 3 . Вечер, в е р о я т н о , будет и н т е р е с н ы м . С т у д е н т ы h a s a j o b interview!
т а к д о л г о г о т о в и л и его. 4 . Вечер, в е р о я т н о , б ы л и н т е р е с н ы м .
Студенты долго к нему готовились.
He Must Have Gone Swimming
I w o n d e r w h e r e P a u l is. He c a n ' t be at work b e c a u s e he never
Fluency
works on Sunday. He m i g h t be at Sally's, b u t I d o u b t it b e c a u s e t h e y
Т Study and practise. h a v e n ' t b e e n s p e a k i n g lately. I w o n d e r if he c o u l d be at h i s c o t t a g e
i n t h e c o u n t r y . N o , h e c a n ' t b e b e c a u s e h e told m e t h e y ' v e r e n t e d
You Needn't Have Waited it to s o m e o n e else for t h e s u m m e r . He c o u l d have gone b o w l i n g b u t
I ' m a l m o s t sure he told me h e ' d got t i r e d of it. I k n o w ! He m u s t have
C a r t a a n d Alev h a d a class at 9 o'clock. C a r t a left at 8.30 a n d Alev
gone s w i m m i n g , b e c a u s e I r e m e m b e r h i m a s k i n g me if I w a n t e d to
left at 8.50. Alev h a d to r u n all t h e way, while C a r t a d i d n ' t have to
go with h i m .
h u r r y at all. Actually, Alev n e e d n ' t have h u r r i e d , as t h e t e a c h e r was 10
m i n u t e s late! At l u n c h t i m e , they went to a cafeteria. T h e r e was a long
queue, a n d they were late back for t h e a f t e r n o o n class. " W e h a d to wait Self Check
for ages to be served," C a r t a explained. " Y o u n e e d n ' t have waited at
/. Fill in: can't, must(n't), need(n't), ought to, have (got) to or
all," a n o t h e r s t u d e n t said, " I went t o t h a t new cafeteria i n t h e square,
don't have to and the appropriate form of the verbs.
a n d d i d n ' t have to wait m o r e t h a n a m i n u t e . "
Joe: Hello, M u m . Are you still awake? You (wait) up for m e .
George Didn't Come to English Class Mum: Do you k n o w what t i m e it is? It's after m i d n i g h t a n d you
(go) to school in t h e m o r n i n g .
G e o r g e d i d n ' t c o m e to his English class yesterday evening, a n d all
Joe: I ' m sorry, but I missed t h e last bus.
t h e s t u d e n t s in t h e class are w o n d e r i n g why.
Mum: Well, you (phone) me t h e n . You (come) in at any t i m e
N a t a s h a t h i n k s h e m i g h t have gotten sick. H e n r y t h i n k s h e m i g h t
you want. I was worried.
have h a d a d o c t o r ' s a p p o i n t m e n t . M r a n d M r s R a m i r e z t h i n k t h a t o n e
Joe: Oh M u m , you (worry) about m e . Anyway, you (walk)
of G e o r g e ' s c h i l d r e n m a y have b e e n sick. N i c o l e t h i n k s he m a y have
miles to find a telephone t h a t works.
h a d t o work overtime. M r a n d M r s Sato t h i n k h e m i g h t have gone t o
Mum: T h e n next t i m e you (be) sure to c a t c h t h e bus. You (walk)
t h e a i r p o r t to m e e t his relatives w h o are arriving from overseas. A n d
i n t h e d a r k alone.
M a r i a t h i n k s h e m a y have decided t o study i n a n o t h e r school.
Joe: Yes, M u m . I ' m going to b e d now — I (get) some sleep.
All t h e s t u d e n t s are c u r i o u s about why G e o r g e d i d n ' t c o m e t o
A n d by t h e way, I (go) to school in t h e m o r n i n g — to
English class yesterday evening ... a n d t h e y ' r e a little c o n c e r n e d .
m o r r o w ' s Saturday.
Gloria Didn't Do as Well as She Should Have 2. Fill in: must, can't, should, may, might, could and the appropriate
form of the verbs.
G l o r i a d i d n ' t do as well as she should have at a j o b interview today.
She d i d n ' t get t h e j o b , a n d she realizes now t h a t she should have d o n e Fred: I've b e e n trying to p h o n e R u p e r t all day, b u t there's no
a few t h i n g s differently. answer. He (work).
She should have spoken m o r e confidently. She should have told Jill: N o . He (work). He never works on Sunday.
about h e r previous experience. A n d she should have worn m o r e con Fred: O h ! T h e n I suppose he (go) away somewhere for t h e
servative clothes. day.
Jill: Possibly. But I'll be upset with h i m if he has. He (tell)

m e , so t h a t I (go) with h i m .
Fred: I h o p e he's O K . He (have) an accident, you know.
Jill: D o n ' t worry. He (still/sleep). You k n o w he h a s a lot of ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ
work on at t h e m o m e n t . He (work) until late last night.
Fred: I suppose so, or he (go) to Ted's party. I. Дополнительный языковой
Jill: T h a t ' s it! He (go) there a n d stayed out till really late.
материал к устным темам
Holidays. Travelling
1. В о з м о ж н о , о н и п о е х а л и туда п о е з д о м . 2. Не м о ж е т б ы т ь ,
Planning a Holiday
ч т о б ы о н а с д е л а л а э т о . 3. Вам не с л е д о в а л о о т п р а в л я т ь туда де
т е й . 4 . Т ы б ы л а о ч е н ь н е о с т о р о ж н а . Т ы могла п о т е р я т ь все д е н ь г и . Juliet: W h y d o n ' t we go a b r o a d for a change? W h e r e I'd like to
5. О н а , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , н а п и с а л а с е с т р е . 6. Тебе н а д о б ы л о пред go is F r a n c e , Spain, or Italy even.
л о ж и т ь ей с в о ю п о м о щ ь . 7. Ты мог бы б ы т ь с н е й п о в е ж л и в е е . Steve: M m , I ' m not all that keen really. I'd rather stay at h o m e .
8 . О н мог б ы хоть ч т о - н и б у д ь с к а з а т ь , ч т о б ы п о д д е р ж а т ь м е н я . Juliet: O h , c o m e o n , Steve. T h i n k of t h e s u n .
9. М о ж е т е не о с т а в а т ь с я , е с л и не хотите. 10. В е р о я т н о , о н и уже Steve: Yes, but t h i n k of t h e cost! G o i n g abroad is very expen
у ш л и . 11. П о - в и д и м о м у , он с п а л и не с л ы ш а л з в о н к а . 12. Е м у sive.
н е следует р а б о т а т ь н а э т о й ф и р м е . 13. Н е м о г о н э т о г о с к а з а т ь ! Juliet: O h , it isn't, Steve. N o t these days.
14. Н е н у ж н о б ы л о п о к у п а т ь т а к о й д о р о г о й п о д а р о к , н о м н е Steve: Of course it is, Juliet. T h e best thing about having a holiday
о ч е н ь п р и я т н о . 15. Вам не н у ж н о б е с п о к о и т ь с я : все будет хоро here in Britain is that it's cheaper. A n d another thing, the
ш о . 16. Д о л ж н о б ы т ь , о н н е д а л о т в е т а . 17. О н и , н а в е р н о е , уже travelling would be easier. No boats, planes or anything.
у с н у л и . 18. В о з м о ж н о , он не з а м е т и л м е н я . 19. Я д о л ж е н б ы л э т о Juliet: Even so, we've b e e n to most of interesting places in
сделать к п о н е д е л ь н и к у , но я з а б о л е л . 20. Не м о ж е т б ы т ь , ч т о б ы Britain already. W h a t ' s t h e p o i n t in seeing t h e m again?
о н и п р о д а л и с в о й д о м . 21. Н е у ж е л и о н п о т е р я л к л ю ч и ? 22. М о и Anyway, we c a n travel r o u n d Britain whenever we like.
с л о в а , в е р о я т н о , н е у б е д и л и его. 23. О н , в о з м о ж н о , н е б ы л т а м T h e r e ' s n o p o i n t i n wasting o u r s u m m e r holiday here.
вчера. 24. О н с к а з а л , ч т о я , д о л ж н о б ы т ь , з н а ю ее. 25. О н с к а з а л , Steve: M m , I suppose you're right. Nevertheless, w h a t I c a n ' t
ч т о м е н я , в о з м о ж н о , з а и н т е р е с у е т э т а п р о б л е м а . 26. Н е у ж е л и т ы s t a n d is all t h e b o t h e r with foreign currency, c h a n g i n g
с п а л все э т о в р е м я ? 27. В ы д о л ж н ы б ы л и п р е к р а т и т ь с п о р , к а к m o n e y a n d all t h a t w h e n we go abroad. I hate all t h a t .
т о л ь к о п о н я л и , ч т о в ы н е п р а в ы . 28. Н е н у ж н о з в о н и т ь е й . О н а A n d it's so confusing.
уже п р и ш л а . 29. Н а м н е п р и ш л о с ь з в о н и т ь ей, т а к к а к о н а у ж е Juliet: O h , d o n ' t be silly, Steve.
п р и ш л а . 30. О н и в ы ш л и р а н о . С к о р о о н и д о л ж н ы б ы т ь здесь. Steve: A n d what's m o r e , I c a n ' t speak any of t h e languages —
31. М ы всё е щ ё ж д е м автобус. О н д о л ж е н б ы л п р и б ы т ь п о л ч а с а you know t h a t . It's all right for you. You c a n speak for
назад. eign languages.
Juliet: Exactly. You see, w h a t I'd really like to do is practise my
F r e n c h a n d S p a n i s h . It would help me a lot at work.
Steve: M m , but t h a t ' s no use to m e .
Juliet: But just t h i n k of t h e new places we'd see, t h e people
we'd m e e t .
Steve: But look, if we stayed at h o m e , we w o u l d n ' t have to plan
very m u c h .
Juliet: I ' m sorry, Steve. N o . I just d o n ' t fancy a n o t h e r cold
English s u m m e r .
426 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I. Д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й языковой м а т е р и а л к у с т н ы м т е м а м 427
Back to England P i n g ! T h e s o u n d of a bell woke Clarissa from her d r e a m s , " L a d i e s

a n d G e n t l e m e n , we are now a p p r o a c h i n g L o n d o n Heathrow... Will you
Clarissa H o p p e r is on her way back to E n g l a n d after a visit to please fasten your seatbelts a n d extinguish all cigarettes. K i n d l y refrain
Italy. from s m o k i n g u n t i l you are inside t h e t e r m i n a l b u i l d i n g . "
Clarissa looked out of t h e taxi w i n d o w at t h e wet road. It was still W h e n t h e p l a n e l a n d e d a n d c a m e to a standstill Clarissa saw t h a t
r a i n i n g . She was looking forward to getting h o m e after a busy a n d tir outside t h e s u n was s h i n i n g a n d t h e sky was clear. It was going to be
ing week in Italy. a perfect day.
T h e taxi began t o slow d o w n . T h e n t h e h a n d s o m e brown-eyed
driver t u r n e d r o u n d t o face Clarissa a n d said, " T e r m i n a l , s i g n o r i n a . " Finding the Way
H e smiled. T h e taxi s t o p p e d outside t h e t e r m i n a l a n d Clarissa got out.
Could You Give Me Some Information?
W h i l e she was finding s o m e m o n e y i n h e r p u r s e , t h e driver t o o k o u t
h e r luggage. " T h a t ' s t h e last of my lira," t h o u g h t Clarissa sadly as she — Pardon me.
p a i d h e r fare. — W h a t c a n I do for you?
She picked u p h e r suitcase, passed t h r o u g h t h e a u t o m a t i c d o o r s — C o u l d you give me some i n f o r m a t i o n ?
a n d e n t e r e d t h e t e r m i n a l building. She felt as if she h a d j u s t crossed — Gladly.
t h e b o r d e r of Italy. T h e British Airways check-in desk was n e a r t h e — I d o n ' t k n o w t h i s t o w n a n d I c a n ' t find my way r o u n d .
e n t r a n c e . After c h e c k i n g - i n h e r luggage, she went to buy s o m e maga — Well, it's quite simple.
zines. T h e n she went t h r o u g h p a s s p o r t control a n d t h e security c h e c k — You see, I ' m a stranger here.
a n d i n t o t h e d e p a r t u r e lounge. — In t h a t case I'll show you t h e t o w n .
She saw from t h e television screens t h a t h e r flight was n o t yet — I'd appreciate t h a t a lot.
b o a r d i n g . T h e r e was still half an h o u r before h e r flight left. W h i l e she — Do you see t h a t large b u i l d i n g on t h e c o r n e r ?
was waiting she b o u g h t s o m e duty-free goods for h e r p a r e n t s — s o m e — T h e o n e with t h e flag?
w i n e , s o m e olives a n d s o m e s a l a m i for herself. She t h o u g h t s u d d e n l y — T h a t ' s right. T h a t ' s t h e Post Office. Opposite it, on t h e o t h e r
of S i m o n . " P e r h a p s I o u g h t to buy s o m e t h i n g for S i m o n . But he never side of t h e street...
t e l e p h o n e d me before I left, so ..." — Where?
" B r i t i s h Airways a n n o u n c e t h e d e p a r t u r e of F l i g h t BA677 to — Over t h e r e . Do you see t h a t o t h e r b u i l d i n g with t h e clock?
L o n d o n H e a t h r o w . Will all passengers please p r o c e e d t o G a t e I I . — O h , yes, now I see.
F l i g h t BA677 to L o n d o n H e a t h r o w is now b o a r d i n g . " — T h a t ' s t h e City H a l l .
It was t i m e to leave. After waiting in t h e q u e u e with t h e o t h e r pas — I see... By t h e way, what's t h e n a m e of t h i s street?
sengers, Clarissa got h e r seat n u m b e r in t h e n o n - s m o k i n g section a n d — M a i n Street.
w a l k e d d o w n t h e c o r r i d o r a n d o n t o t h e p l a n e . H e r seat was next t o t h e — W h e r e is t h e police station?
w i n d o w a n d t h e emergency exit. W i t h relief she sat d o w n a n d fastened — At t h e e n d of t h e street. Go straight a h e a d .
h e r safety belt. But she still felt nervous. She travelled by p l a n e so of — W h a t if I miss it?
t e n , b u t she still h a t e d every m o m e n t of it. She c o u l d n ' t u n d e r s t a n d — You c a n ' t miss it. It's a big building with an iron fence a r o u n d
why she was afraid of flying. it. Do you see t h a t store?
W h i l e t h e plane was t a k i n g off, she closed h e r eyes, b u t w h e n — W h i c h store? T h e o n e on t h e right?
t h e plane was in t h e air she began to relax. She pressed t h e b u t t o n at — R i g h t . T h e o n e with a large green globe in t h e window.
t h e side of her seat, lay back a n d o p e n e d h e r eyes again. "I w o n d e r — Is it a b a r b e r shop?
if Simon's going to c o m e a n d m e e t me at t h e a i r p o r t . It's so m u c h — N o , it's a p h a r m a c y . T h e d o c t o r lives right next door. H i s n a m e
nicer t o c o m e h o m e w h e n you know there's s o m e o n e t o m e e t you a n d is on t h e door.
to help you with your luggage. All t h o s e b o o k s ! T h e y ' r e heavier t h a n — D o e s he have his office t h e r e as well?
I expected. Anyway, I d o n ' t really care if he's t h e r e or not ... O h , well, — Yes, b u t he s p e n d s every m o r n i n g at t h e hospital.
b a c k to business!" Clarissa t o o k out her calculator. — W h e r e is t h e hospital?
428 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I. Д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й языковой м а т е р и а л к устным т е м а м 429
— T h e hospital is two blocks from here just before you c o m e to because they like to try different i n t e r n a t i o n a l cuisine. On S a t u r d a y
t h e highway. or S u n d a y a f t e r n o o n , t h e whole family eats out at a fast-food place
— H o w c a n I get back to my hotel? because t h a t is what t h e c h i l d r e n prefer.
— Go this way. You see it t h e r e , next to t h e movies. Mr S m i t h is g a i n i n g t o o m u c h weight, a n d M r s S m i t h is very wor
— Yes. N o w I u n d e r s t a n d . ried about h i m . She often says to h i m , "You should go on a diet." He
— W h y d o n ' t you buy yourself a guidebook? usually answers, "I know. I'll start t o m o r r o w — or t h e day after."
— T h a t ' s not a bad idea. W h e r e c a n I buy one?
— In t h e station or at any newspaper s t a n d . English Pubs
— Is t h e station far from here? Pubs (public houses ) can be found in every town, city or village.
— T h e station is at t h e end of I n d e p e n d e n c e Avenue. Social life for m a n y people has centered on the p u b for m a n y years.
— W h e r e is a newspaper s t a n d n e a r here? O p e n i n g and closing times are decided by law (pubs in England a n d
— T h e r e ' s o n e on this corner. Wales close at 11 p.m.) and, ten m i n u t e s before closing t i m e , the b a r m a n
— T h a n k you very m u c h . or b a r m a i d rings a bell or shouts, " L a s t o r d e r s ! " W h e n you go into a p u b
— You're welcome. I ' m very glad to have b e e n of a n y help to you. you have to go to t h e bar, pay for your d r i n k a n d carry it to your seat.
— I was c e r t a i n l y lucky to m e e t you. You really know this town It is c u s t o m a r y in Britain to "go for a d r i n k " with friends. People
very well. often m e e t at a p u b before going on to a n o t h e r place. On F r i d a y a n d
— No wonder. I ' m t h e mayor. Saturday evenings pubs in s o m e city c e n t r e s c a n be very crowded.
S o m e p e o p l e do a t o u r of all t h e pubs in o n e area a n d have a d r i n k in
Meals each o n e ; this is called a " p u b crawl". It is usual for each p e r s o n in a
g r o u p to take it in t u r n s to buy d r i n k s for everyone, a n d t h e n this is
Mr Average American called a " r o u n d " . P u b s often also provide e n t e r t a i n m e n t : live music,
singing, juke-boxes a n d , m o r e recently, c o m p u t e r games, video a n d
J o h n S m i t h , Mr Average A m e r i c a n , is a family m a n w i t h two
karaoke m a c h i n e s .
school-age c h i l d r e n a n d a wife w h o works p a r t - t i m e . Let's look at his
It used to be difficult to get a c u p of coffee in a p u b , a n d c h i l d r e n
eating habits d u r i n g a typical week.
were n o t allowed inside. A l t h o u g h it is still against t h e law to serve
Mr S m i t h h a s either a small breakfast of juice, toast, a n d coffee or
alcohol to a n y o n e u n d e r 18, p u b s are now t r y i n g to e n c o u r a g e families.
a big breakfast of h a m or b a c o n a n d eggs, toast a n d coffee. At week
P u b m e a l s have b e c o m e very p o p u l a r over t h e past ten years a n d are
e n d s M r s S m i t h tries t o find t i m e t o m a k e h i m waffles, p a n c a k e s , o r
generally c h e a p a n d often good. P u b s with g a r d e n s or chairs a n d tables
F r e n c h toast with b o t h butter a n d m a p l e syrup.
outside are often crowded in t h e s u m m e r . P u b s are still a c e n t r a l p a r t
Mr S m i t h works in a large office from 9 to 5. At 10.30 every morn
of British culture. It is no surprise t h a t two of Britain's favourite soap
ing he h a s a d o u g h n u t a n d coffee d u r i n g t h e fifteen-minute "coffee
o p e r a s have a p u b as their focal point, C o r o n a t i o n Street (the " R o v e r ' s
break". He usually takes an h o u r for lunch at n o o n or 1.00 p . m . F o r
R e t u r n " ) a n d East E n d e r s (the " Q u e e n Vic"). I n b o t h o f these T V
l u n c h he goes to a coffee s h o p a n d h a s soup a n d a h a m a n d cheese
p r o g r a m m e s you will see a p o p u l a r g a m e called d a r t s , w h i c h is often
or roast beef sandwich with lettuce a n d t o m a t o e s , a n d s o m e coffee.
played as a t e a m g a m e in pubs t h r o u g h o u t Britain.
S o m e t i m e s , he h a s a h a m b u r g e r a n d F r e n c h fries a n d a soda.
Mr S m i t h tries to be h o m e at 6.00 or 6.30 every evening so t h a t he
c a n have d i n n e r with his wife a n d c h i l d r e n . H i s wife serves n o t only a Cinema. Theatre
full m e a l of chicken, m e a t , or fish, a salad, a n d vegetables b u t also a
dessert of pie or cake. T h e p a r e n t s have coffee, a n d t h e c h i l d r e n d r i n k
Let's Try It
m i l k . At about ten o'clock, while w a t c h i n g television, Mr S m i t h h a s a Art: What's on TV tonight?
snack of either some ice c r e a m or a n o t h e r piece of pie. Marge: Well, there's " L o v e Boat".
O n c e a week, Mr S m i t h goes out with his wife to a r e s t a u r a n t for Art: Spare m e . W h a t a stupid show!
d i n n e r . T h e y usually go to a C h i n e s e , Italian, or M e x i c a n r e s t a u r a n t Marge: How about basketball? U C L A vs. Oregon?
430 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I. Д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й языковой м а т е р и а л к у с т н ы м т е м а м 431
Art: N o t bad. But a r e n ' t there any d o c u m e n t a r y shows on? Bishop: Yes, television c a n be fun. But, as you know, there's not
S o m e t h i n g about Africa or wild a n i m a l s or s o m e t h i n g t o o m u c h live television...
like t h a t ? Miller: We're live...
Marge: Boy, you're sure h a r d to please t o n i g h t . Let's see... how Bishop: Yes, we're live, but ... plays a n d things... M a k i n g a play
about Walt Disney? for television is very like m a k i n g a film. If you mess up
Art: A h , c o m e o n , we're t o o old for t h a t . your lines, they'll s h o o t t h e scene again. On t h e stage,
Marge: Well... there's a movie on H B O — " S c a n n e r s " . Never if you forget your lines, you're on your own...
h e a r d of it. Miller: A n d what about long runs? Have you ever h a d a really
Art: Me neither. I'll bet it's a real b o m b . Let's check out long r u n in t h e theatre?
t h e cable guide... yeah, here we go. C h a n n e l 33 has Bishop: Yes, I spent t h r e e years at the Criterion T h e a t r e in
" M e l v i n a n d H o w a r d " . T h a t ' s supposed to be a good Agatha Christie's " M u r d e r a t M i d n i g h t " .
movie, you know. Miller: I c a n ' t help t h i n k i n g it m u s t be a bit b o r i n g to go o n ,
Marge: Yes, it is. Let's try it. night after night, playing t h e same part...
Bishop: Yes, but I d i d n ' t m i n d d o i n g t h e Agatha Christie ...
An Interview with an Actor t h e r e was a marvellous atmosphere... we h a d a wonder
G o r d o n Bishop is an actor, a n d he t o o k p a r t in V e r n o n Miller's ful cast... s o m e t i m e s you're lucky...
late night TV chat show recently. H e r e is an extract from t h e i r discus
sion:
Nothing Succeeds Like Success
1954 was a great year for m e . Early in 1954 they decided to stage
Miller: W e l c o m e t o t h e show, G o r d o n .
" T h e Pajama G a m e " . It was about life in Iowa pajama factory. My
Bishop: T h a n k you... it's n i c e to be here.
h u s b a n d e n c o u r a g e d me to audition for a p a r t . G e o r g e Abbot, d i r e c t o r
Miller: N o w , you've b e e n an actor for quite a few years...
of t h e c o m p a n y , listened to me a n d h i r e d me as a c h o r u s singer.
Bishop: Thirty-two...
C a r o l H a n e y was playing t h e m a i n p a r t . H e r songs a n d danc
Miller: T h i r t y - t w o years. T h a t seems incredible... well, what
ing were marvellous. W h e n we started t h e tour, critics could not find
sort of p a r t s do you like playing best?
words to express t h e i r delight with C a r o l ' s acting. In fact, t h e show
Bishop: O h , baddies, I t h i n k .
was a great hit.
Miller: You d o n ' t enjoy being t h e hero?
Well, I d o n ' t m i n d being t h e h e r o ... but I t h i n k I prefer T h e night before t h e N e w York o p e n i n g , G e o r g e Abbot m a d e m e
Bishop:
being wicked ... it's m o r e interesting. Carol's understudy. I h a d not h a d any rehearsal, but he said it d i d n ' t
You've b e e n in films, you've b e e n on t h e stage, you've matter. " T h e r e is no c h a n c e for you," he a d d e d . " C a r o l is a person w h o
Miller:
h a d several parts on television. T h e r e ' s even an adver will go on t h e stage even with a broken n e c k . "
tisement... T h e show was a great success w i t h N e w York a u d i e n c e . T h e crit
Yes, d o n ' t let's talk about that... I've stopped d o i n g ad ics praised to t h e skies b o t h the show a n d C a r o l . C a r o l had b e c o m e
Bishop:
vertisements. I hate seeing that... a musical c o m e d y star of t h e d e c a d e . As for me I was to b e c o m e t h e
... t h e c r a z y m i l k m a n . . . c h o r u s girl of t h e century.
Miller:
Bishop: Yes, I o n l y did it because I was b e t w e e n shows. I'd M e a n w h i l e I h a d a p h o n e call from o n e of t h e p r o d u c e r s of " C a n -
finished m a k i n g a film, a n d I was in a new play, which C a n " . He offered me a j o b as u n d e r s t u d y to his leading dancer. I asked
u n f o r t u n a t e l y closed after only two weeks. h i m to let me t h i n k it over.
Miller: Do you like working on t h e stage? It s e e m e d to me I had no c h a n c e of a p p e a r i n g in t h e leading p a r t
Bishop: O h , yes. If I have a good p a r t in a successful play, I re in t h e " P a j a m a G a m e " . My h u s b a n d also said I should leave " T h e
ally look forward to going to work. T h e r e ' s n o t h i n g like Pajama G a m e " immediately. I agreed a n d intended to h a n d in my
a live a u d i e n c e . They give you so m u c h . notice t h a t night. I was late for the p e r f o r m a n c e a n d hurried to t h e
Miller: A n d television? subway. But I was still half an h o u r late.
432 Английский язык. Ч А С 1 Ь 11 i. д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й языковой м а т е р и а л к устным т е м а м 433
T h e p r o d u c e r looked very angry. " W h e r e have you b e e n ? " he T o m a n d Susan o n e girl is selling c h o c o l a t e s a n d cigarettes, a n d anoth
asked. er is selling p r o g r a m m e s . In E n g l a n d people smoke in most c i n e m a s
" I ' m awfully sorry b u t I'll hurry. Anyway I d o n ' t have to be on t h e a n d in some theatres.
stage till t h e m i d d l e of t h e first a c t , " I said. Last week T o m a n d Susan saw a sad play; this evening they will
" T h a t ' s w h a t you t h i n k . H a n e y broke h e r a n k l e t h i s a f t e r n o o n see a h a p p y play. Susan d i d n ' t like t h e sad play; she likes to laugh a n d
a n d you have to be on t h e stage right now," he s h o u t e d . I p u t t h e be happy. N o w it is a q u a r t e r past eight, t h e c u r t a i n is going up a n d
n o t i c e w h i c h I was c a r r y i n g i n m y h a n d i n t o m y bag. T h e y p u s h e d t h e play is b e g i n n i n g . After t h e play Susan a n d T o m will go h o m e to
Bishopton by t r a i n . T h e last t r a i n to Bishopton leaves L o n d o n at t e n
me i n t o C a r o l ' s dressing r o o m . I was very n e r v o u s . My h a n d s were
p a s t twelve.
shaking...
T h e c u r t a i n h a d n o t gone u p yet a n d t h e a u d i e n c e were impa
tient... Hotel
F i n a l l y t h e stage d i r e c t o r a p p e a r e d on t h e stage a n d gestured for
Places to Stay in London
attention.
" L a d i e s a n d G e n t l e m e n , " h e said. " T h e m a n a g e m e n t regrets t o H e r e are some places to stay in L o n d o n .
a n n o u n c e t h a t Miss C a r o l H a n e y will n o t b e p e r f o r m i n g t o n i g h t . In a quiet residential area, t h e Wimbledon Hotel, a family-run guest
A y o u n g lady, Shirley M a c L a i n e , will perform h e r role. I h o p e you'll h o u s e , is g o o d for families, tourists a n d business people. T h e r o o m s are
enjoy t h e show." large a n d m o d e r n a n d a full English breakfast is i n c l u d e d in t h e price.
T h i s is a very p o p u l a r bed-and-breakfast hotel, a n d you m i g h t have to
M a n y people got up a n d went straight to t h e box office to get t h e i r
b o o k early for July a n d August.
m o n e y back. But t h e c u r t a i n went up a n d I walked to t h e c e n t r e of
t h e stage. A h u s h c a m e over t h e a u d i e n c e . I spoke my first line. It h a d T h e Mostyn Hotel is n e a r t h e h e a r t of L o n d o n , just a few m i n u t e s
from Oxford Street a n d a b o u t half an h o u r ' s walk from Piccadilly
to get a laugh b u t it d i d n ' t . As I b e g a n my second speech t h e specta
C i r c u s . It h a s over 100 b e d r o o m s with private b a t h r o o m a n d colour
tors laughed at t h e first o n e . I slowed d o w n a n d at last I was w i t h t h e
television. If there are a lot of guests you m i g h t find p a r k i n g difficult
audience...
d u r i n g t h e day, but after 6.30 p . m . it is easier. T h e s u r r o u n d i n g area is
T h e p e r f o r m a n c e was over. T h e c u r t a i n went d o w n a n d t h e n u p
very famous for its shops a n d r e s t a u r a n t s .
again for t h e c u r t a i n calls. T h e a u d i e n c e stood. T h e y c h e e r e d a n d
T h e London Inter- Continental Hotel is opposite Hyde Park, in t h e
t h r e w kisses. T h e cast a r o u n d me applauded. H o w lucky I was t h a t
c e n t r e of L o n d o n . It h a s everything: luxury r o o m s with b a t h ; refriger
I h a d n ' t h a n d e d in my notice t h e n i g h t before.
ated b a r a n d c o l o u r television; shops; s a u n a ; s w i m m i n g p o o l ; confer
At the Theatre e n c e r o o m s a n d full r e s t a u r a n t a n d b a r service. But you m i g h t find it
Susan a n d T o m are a t t h e t h e a t r e . T h e y often c o m e u p t o L o n d o n quite expensive. You m i g h t also have to pay a lot if you eat in t h e hotel
restaurant.
from B i s h o p t o n on Saturday to do some s h o p p i n g , have a m e a l at a
r e s t a u r a n t a n d t h e n g o t o t h e t h e a t r e i n t h e evening.
It is now t e n past eight a n d t h e y are waiting for t h e play to begin.
I've Got a Reservation
T h e t h e a t r e is full a n d everyone is t a l k i n g loudly a n d l a u g h i n g a n d Receptionist: G o o d a f t e r n o o n , sir.
s m o k i n g or eating c h o c o l a t e s . S o o n t h e red a n d gold c u r t a i n will go Mr Hunt: G o o d a f t e r n o o n . I s t h i s t h e Beardsley Hotel?
slowly u p , t h e lights in t h e t h e a t r e will go o u t a n d t h e play will begin. Receptionist: Yes, t h i s is t h e Beardsley.
T h e n everyone will be quiet. Mr Hunt: G o o d . I ' m Mr H u n t . We've got a reservation.
In front of t h e stage is a place for t h e orchestra. T h e seats next to Receptionist: Just a m i n u t e , please... Yes, you've got a reserva
t h e orchestra are t h e stalls. Above t h e stalls is t h e circle, a n d above t h e tion. It's for five people. It's for t h r e e weeks. T h r e e
circle are t h e u p p e r circle a n d t h e gallery. T h e seats in t h e front stalls single r o o m s a n d o n e double. Am I right?
a n d in t h e circle are expensive; t h e seats in t h e gallery are c h e a p . At Mr Hunt: N o . You're n o t right. We'd like two double r o o m s
t h e m o m e n t t h e o r c h e s t r a is playing a gay piece of music; a n d n e a r a n d o n e single r o o m .
1 J 4 АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК. Ч А С Т Ь 11 I. Д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й языковой м а т е р и а л к устным т е м а м 435
Receptionist: I ' m sorry. Two double r o o m s , n u m b e r s six a n d Mr Black: T h e hotel is k n o w n for its excellent cuisine a n d
seven. O n e single r o o m , n u m b e r n i n e . m o d e r a t e prices. T h e d i n i n g r o o m is so beauti
Mr Hunt: W h e r e are t h e rooms? fully d e c o r a t e d t h a t you will enjoy eating t h e r e .
Receptionist: On t h e second floor. Please, sign t h e register, Mr Mr Gunther: Is there music d u r i n g t h e meals?
Hunt. Mr Black: Yes, a famous orchestra plays sweet d i n n e r music
Mr Hunt: H e r e ' s t h e register. How m u c h are t h e r o o m s , a n d its i m p o r t e d a n d domestic wines leave unfor
please? gettable taste. Let's have o u r First meal this eve
Receptionist: A single r o o m ' s twenty p o u n d s . A double r o o m ' s n i n g at t h e hotel. You a n d M r s G u n t h e r will be
twenty-six p o u n d s . Would you like a television in o u r guests.
the room? Mr Gunther: We shall be glad to a c c e p t your invitation.
Mrs Hunt: Yes, please. Mr H u n t a n d I would like a television. Mr Black: We'll m e e t you at t h e hotel lobby at 6.30.
We'd like a t e l e p h o n e , t o o . Mr Gunther: T h a t ' s splendid. T h a t will give us an h o u r to rest
Receptionist: Every r o o m ' s got a t e l e p h o n e . a n d change o u r clothes. We'll see you then at 6.30.
Mrs Hunt: Have t h e r o o m s got b a t h r o o m s ?
Receptionist: Yes, every r o o m ' s got a b a t h r o o m .
Mr Hunt: Have t h e b a t h r o o m s got showers?
Receptionist: Yes, every b a t h r o o m ' s got a shower.
Mr Hunt: Good.
Receptionist: Are you going to t h e r o o m s now?
Mr Hunt: Yes, we're going now. Send two cups of coffee to
r o o m six, please.
Mrs Hunt: And three lemonades.
Mr Hunt: Yes, two c u p s of coffee a n d t h r e e l e m o n a d e s .
Receptionist: Yes, sir. H e r e are t h e keys, Mr H u n t . J i m , t a k e t h e
H u n t s to r o o m s six, seven a n d n i n e .
Jim: C o m e this way, please.
Isn't the Hotel Enormous!

Mr Gunther: Isn't this hotel e n o r m o u s !
Mr Black: It is not only very large, but also very p o p u l a r
because it is centrally located. F r o m here you c a n
reach any p a r t of t h e city by u n d e r g r o u n d or bus.
Mr Gunther: H o w m a n y guests does this hotel a c c o m m o d a t e ?
Mr Black: I do not k n o w exactly, b u t I believe t h a t there
are twenty-five floors, a n d it must have r o o m s for
several h u n d r e d guests.
Mr Gunther: Are all t h e r o o m s usually occupied?
Mr Black: Yes. Very often I have b e e n unable to o b t a i n ac
c o m m o d a t i o n for my friends.
Mr Gunther: T h e n we were fortunate e n o u g h to get a r o o m for
as little as 30 p o u n d s . How are t h e meals, a n d are
t h e prices reasonable?
I I . Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 437
с т в и е , хотя и с в е р ш и в ш е е с я в п р о ш л о м , но с в я з а н н о е с настоя
щ и м б л а г о д а р я н а л и ч и ю его результата в н а с т о я щ е м в р е м е н и .
П о э т о м у Present Perfect у п о т р е б л я е т с я не в п о в е с т в о в а н и и , а в
1 1 . Грамматический справочник р а з г о в о р е и л и с о о б щ е н и и , к а с а ю щ е м с я п о л о ж е н и я в е щ е й в на
стоящее время:
UNITS 1-2
I have finished my work and Я з а к о н ч и л работу и иду
§ 1. T h e P r e s e n t P e r f e c t T e n s e I am going home now. сейчас домой.
( Н а с т о я щ е е свершенное время) I finished my work at five a n d Я з а к о н ч и л работу в п я т ь и
went home. п о ш е л домой.
Утвердительная T h e boss has signed the letter. Н а ч а л ь н и к п о д п и с а л письмо.
Вопросительная форма Отрицательная форма
форма
C a n you post it at once? Не можете ли вы о т п р а в и т ь
1 have worked, I have not worked, его немедленно?
Have I worked?
('ve worked) (haven't worked)
T h e boss signed the letter and Начальник подписал письмо,
He he He has not
has worked, I posted it at once. и я о т п р а в и л его немед
She Has she worked? She worked, (hasn't
('s worked) ленно.
It it It worked)
— H a s the ship arrived? — Корабль прибыл?
have have not
We we We — N o , it hasn't. - Нет.
worked. worked,
You Have you worked? You
('ve (haven't — D i d the ship arrive yesterday? — К о р а б л ь п р и б ы л вчера?
They they They
worked) worked) — N o , it didn't. - Нет.
Present Perfect о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и в с п о м о г а т е л ь н о г о гла П о с к о л ь к у Present Perfect в ы д е л я е т и м е н н о д е й с т в и е , а не

гола to have в ф о р м е Present Simple и Past Participle ( п р и ч а с т и я п о д р о б н о с т и его с в е р ш е н и я , э т о в р е м я ч а щ е в с е г о у п о т р е б л я е т с я
п р о ш е д ш е г о в р е м е н и ) с м ы с л о в о г о глагола.
в н а ч а л е р а з г о в о р а и л и с о о б щ е н и я и л и п р и переходе н а н о в у ю
1. Present Perfect употребляется д л я в ы р а ж е н и я д е й с т в и я , свер
т е м у б е с е д ы , когда в о з н и к а е т н е о б х о д и м о с т ь с о о б щ и т ь собесед
ш и в ш е г о с я к н а с т о я щ е м у моменту, результат которого и м е е т с я на
н и к у о к а к о м - т о н о в о м с о б ы т и и . П о с л е э т о г о , е с л и р а з г о в о р про
л и ц о в н а с т о я щ е м в р е м е н и . В случае у п о т р е б л е н и я Present Perfect в
д о л ж а е т с я о т о м же с а м о м с о б ы т и и и в ы я с н я ю т с я р а з л и ч н ы е
ц е н т р е в н и м а н и я находится с а м о с в е р ш и в ш е е с я действие; обстоя
о б с т о я т е л ь с т в а и п о д р о б н о с т и его с в е р ш е н и я , э т о д е й с т в и е будет
тельства, п р и к о т о р ы х о н о с в е р ш и л о с ь (время, место, о б р а з дей
в ы р а ж е н о уже в Past Simple, т а к к а к в ц е н т р е в н и м а н и я собе
с т в и я и пр.), н е в а ж н ы и н е с у щ е с т в е н н ы :
с е д н и к о в н а х о д и т с я не с а м о д е й с т в и е (о н е м уже все з н а ю т ) , а
We have bought a new car. = Мы к у п и л и новый автомобиль. = обстоятельства, при которых оно произошло:
We have a new car. У н а с есть н о в ы й а в т о м о б и л ь .
Nick has come. = Пришел Ник. = — Have you seen " G o n e with — Ты видел «Унесенные
Nick is here. Н и к здесь. the Wind?" ветром»?
I have read this book. = Я ч и т а л эту книгу. = — Yes, I have. -Да.
I know its contents. Я з н а ю ее с о д е р ж а н и е . Did you enjoy it? — Тебе п о н р а в и л с я ф и л ь м ?
Very much. — Д а , очень.
У ч а щ и е с я ч а с т о п у т а ю т у п о т р е б л е н и е Present Perfect и Past
Simple. Past Simple в ы р а ж а е т д е й с т в и е , с в е р ш и в ш е е с я в истек Where did you see it? — Где ты его смотрел?
шем отрезке времени, констатирует ф а к т свершения действия в At the O d e o n . — В «Одеоне».
п р о ш л о м . П о э т о м у Past Simple у п о т р е б л я е т с я в п о в е с т в о в а н и и , Did you go to the cinema — Ты ходил в к и н о о д и н ?
т.е. п р и и з л о ж е н и и с о б ы т и й , и м е в ш и х м е с т о в п р о ш л о м , и л и в alone?
р а з г о в о р е о п р о ш е д ш и х с о б ы т и я х . Present Perfect в ы р а ж а е т д е й - N o , my son went with me. — Нет, с с ы н о м .
438 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II II. Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 439
Т а к к а к Present Perfect я в л я е т с я н а с т о я щ и м в р е м е н е м и всегда

Have you ever dined at this Вы когда-либо обедали в этом
с о о т н о с и т с я с м о м е н т о м р е ч и , э т а ф о р м а н е м о ж е т б ы т ь упо 1
cafe ? кафе?
т р е б л е н а , е с л и в п р е д л о ж е н и и у к а з а н о т о ч н о е в р е м я ( и л и место) I have always been fond of Я всегда л ю б и л к о ф е .
свершения действия. Сравните: coffee.
T h e weather has changed for Погода и с п о р т и л а с ь (сейчас она I have never been here before. Я никогда раньше здесь не бывал.
the worse. хуже, чем была). I have read a lot lately. Я м н о г о ч и т а ю в последнее
T h e weather changed for the Вчера погода и с п о р т и л а с ь . время.
worse yesterday. I have heard this opera m a n y Я с л у ш а л эту оперу м н о г о раз.
I have heard the news. Я с л ы ш а л (знаю) эту новость. times.
I heard the news a few min Я у с л ы ш а л эту н о в о с т ь She hasn't visited me lately. В последнее в р е м я она м е н я не
utes ago. н е с к о л ь к о м и н у т тому назад. навещает.
I have spoken to the boss Я поговорил с начальником о
С н а р е ч и я м и н е о п р е д е л е н н о г о в р е м е н и в о з м о ж н о и употре
about my holiday. моем отпуске.
б л е н и е Past Simple, е с л и в к о н т е к с т е с о д е р ж и т с я у к а з а н и е на т о ,
I spoke to h i m on Monday. Я говорил с н и м в п о н е д е л ь н и к . что данное действие относится к прошедшему времени:
О д н а к о в а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е есть т а к и е о б о з н а ч е н и я в р е м е н и , At school I never played ten В ш к о л е я н и к о г д а не и г р а л в
которые впрямую не связаны ни с п р о ш е д ш и м , ни с н а с т о я щ и м nis. теннис.
временем. К их ч и с л у о т н о с я т с я т а к и е в ы р а ж е н и я , к а к today, this I already did my homework У р о к и я уже сделал после за
morning, this week, this month и т.п. С т а к и м и о б о з н а ч е н и я м и време after breakfast. втрака.
ни в о з м о ж н о у п о т р е б л е н и е к а к Present Perfect, т а к и Past Simple: Did you ever see h i m when Вы когда-либо видели его, ког
you lived in Moscow? да ж и л и в Москве?
I have seen A n n this m o r n i n g .
(разговор происходит утром) Present Perfect не употребляется в в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х предложе
Я видел А н ю сегодня
I saw A n n this m o r n i n g . н и я х , н а ч и н а ю щ и х с я со с л о в when, where и how, т а к к а к в ц е н т р е
утром.
(разговор происходит вечером или в н и м а н и я т а к и х в о п р о с о в н а х о д я т с я о б с т о я т е л ь с т в а , п р и кото
днем) р ы х с в е р ш и л о с ь д е й с т в и е , и в н и х у п о т р е б л я е т с я Past Simple:
I have swum much this summer. W h e n did you c o m e back? Когда вы вернулись?
(разговор происходит летом) Я много купался этим H o w did you get here? К а к вы сюда добрались?
I swam much this summer. летом. Where did you buy this book? Где вы к у п и л и эту к н и г у ?
(разговор происходит осенью)
О д н а к о в о б щ и х в о п р о с а х и л и в д р у г и х с п е ц и а л ь н ы х вопро
Present Perfect ч а с т о у п о т р е б л я е т с я с н а р е ч и я м и неопреде сах, н а п р и м е р , н а ч и н а ю щ и х с я со с л о в what, who/whom, why и др.,
л е н н о г о в р е м е н и ever когда-либо, never никогда, already уже, yet в о з м о ж н ы оба в р е м е н и , Past Simple и Present Perfect. В ы б о р м е ж д у
еще (в о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х ) , уже (в в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х н и м и о п р е д е л я е т с я с и т у а ц и е й : е с л и д е й с т в и е п р и н а д л е ж и т на
п р е д л о ж е н и я х ) , just только что, often часто, seldom редко, always с т о я щ е м у в р е м е н и , т о у п о т р е б л я е т с я Present Perfect; е с л и действие
всегда, once однажды, many times много раз, before прежде, lately п р и н а д л е ж и т п р о ш е д ш е м у в р е м е н и , то у п о т р е б л я е т с я Past Simple:
(в) последнее время и др.:
— Why are you crying? What has — Почему ты плачешь? Ч т о
I have already done my Я уже в ы п о л н и л д о м а ш н е е happened? случилось?
homework. задание. — I saw a terrific accident on my — Я видел с т р а ш н у ю а в а р и ю по
He has just phoned me. Он только что звонил мне. way h o m e . дороге д о м о й .
I haven't spoken to h i m yet. Я еще не р а з г о в а р и в а л с н и м . — W h a t happened? — Ч т о с л у ч и л о с ь (когда ты шел
Has he c o m e back yet? Он уже вернулся? домой)?
2 . Present Perfect т а к ж е у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я о б о з н а ч е н и я дей 441
с т в и й , н а ч а в ш и х с я в п р о ш л о м и п р о д о л ж а ю щ и х с я до м о м е н т а
р е ч и . О б ы ч н о т а к и е д е й с т в и я в ы р а ж а ю т с я с п о м о щ ь ю Present rp § 3. Г л а г о л to seem
To s e e ^
Perfect C o n t i n u o u s (см. § 4), но п о с к о л ь к у с т а т а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы , а
a) seei^ заться у п о т р е б л я е т с я с л е д у ю щ и м о б р а з о м :
к а к правило, не имеют ф о р м ы Continuous, то с н и м и употребля +
ется P r e s e n t Perfect: You s e ^ и н ф и н и т и в с to
You cJq like h i m . К а ж е т с я , о н вам н р а в и т с я .
I've always liked h i m . Он м н е всегда н р а в и л с я , (раньше J
4't s
b) see-^ ^ e m t o like h i m . К а ж е т с я , он вам не н р а в и т с я .
и теперь)
She se^x Прилагательное
He's been here since the Он находится здесь с утра, s
She s e ^ v e r y nice. = Она кажется очень милой
morning. s
to be very nice. (симпатичной).
3. P r e s e n t Perfect и н о г д а в с т р е ч а е т с я в п р и д а т о ч н о м предло
ж е н и и в р е м е н и , д е й с т в и е к о т о р о г о о т н о с и т с я к б у д у щ е м у и пред UNITS 4-7
полагается, что это действие завершится до того, к а к произойдет
действие главного предложения:
§ 4. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
'Настоящее длительно-итоговое время)
W h e n we have had tea I'll Когда мы п о п ь е м чаю, я п о к а ж у
show you my collection. тебе с в о ю к о л л е к ц и ю . Вопросительная Отрицательная
форма форма
He'll p h o n e me as soon as he Он п о з в о н и т м н е , к а к т о л ь к о bee
ing. ( \ n . Work- I have not been
has read my article. (после того к а к ) п р о ч т е т мою 6
статью. workir, Ьееп Have I been working? working, (haven't
been working)
We do not know what is good Мы не з н а е м , ч т о хорошо, до He has
until we have lost it. тех пор п о к а не теряем это. She been has not been
he He
It been working,
s b Has she She
een working? (hasn't been
it It
UNIT 3 ^JSing) working)
We hav
e been have not been
§ 2. Г л а г о л ы to suggest, to offer You or we We
* fcng. been working,
They Ve Have you You
To offer о з н а ч а е т предложить, к а к п р а в и л о , ч т о - т о конкрет * been working? (haven't been
they They
ное: ^king) working)
Pres
Не offered me a c u p of tea. % P
re
She offered h i m h e r help. = She offered to help h i m . тельного . r f e c t Continuous о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и в с п о м о г а -
Лаг
To suggest о з н а ч а е т предложить план или идею, о с у щ е с т в л е н и е (причастц О л а to be в ф о р м е Present Perfect и Present Participle
Я н
которых может быть п р и н я т о и л и отвергнуто. ^ с т о я щ е г о в р е м е н и ) с м ы с л о в о г о глагола.
О б р а т и т е в н и м а н и е н а г р а м м а т и ч е с к и е к о н с т р у к ц и и с глаго щ
чалось в Perfect C o n t i n u o u s в ы р а ж а е т д е й с т в и е , к о т о р о е н а -
л о м to suggest. Д о п о л н е н и е п о с л е глагола to suggest м о ж е т б ы т ь п
у п о т р е б у Р ° ш л о м и продолжается в н а с т о я щ и й момент. П р и
Ml1
выражено: течение fc^ этого времени о б ы ч н о указан период времени, в
То
1) с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м : следующ. Рого происходит действие. Он может быть обозначен
/ suggest a trip to the sea. а) с > м и с п о с о б а м и :
Мо
2) г е р у н д и е м : these thr* Ц ы о о б с т о я т е л ь с т в е н н ы х в ы р а ж е н и й т и п а all my life,
ye rs
/ suggest going there at once. I have * > all this week, all this year, lately и др.:
3) п р и д а т о ч н ы м д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м с г л а г о л о м в ee
thj^ n working hard all Всю эту н е д е л ю я м н о г о р а б о -
сослагательном наклонении: We
^k. таю.
Ann suggests that the party (should) begin at 7. б) с
^ Х10
логом f o t > щью п р е д л о ж н ы х с л о в о с о ч е т а н и й , о б ы ч н о с п р е д -
II. Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 441
2. Present Perfect т а к ж е у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я о б о з н а ч е н и я дей

§ 3. Г л а г о л to seem
с т в и й , н а ч а в ш и х с я в п р о ш л о м и п р о д о л ж а ю щ и х с я до м о м е н т а
р е ч и . О б ы ч н о т а к и е д е й с т в и я в ы р а ж а ю т с я с п о м о щ ь ю Present To seem казаться у п о т р е б л я е т с я с л е д у ю щ и м о б р а з о м :
Perfect C o n t i n u o u s (см. § 4), но п о с к о л ь к у с т а т а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы ,
a) seem + и н ф и н и т и в с to
к а к правило, не имеют ф о р м ы Continuous, то с н и м и употребля
You seem to like h i m . К а ж е т с я , он вам н р а в и т с я .
е т с я Present Perfect:
You d o n ' t seem to like h i m . К а ж е т с я , он вам не н р а в и т с я .
I've always liked h i m . Он м н е всегда н р а в и л с я , (раньше b) seem + п р и л а г а т е л ь н о е
и теперь) She seems very nice. = О н а кажется о ч е н ь м и л о й
He's been here since the Он находится здесь с утра, She seems to be very nice. (симпатичной).
morning.
3. Present Perfect и н о г д а в с т р е ч а е т с я в п р и д а т о ч н о м предло UNITS 4-7

ж е н и и в р е м е н и , д е й с т в и е к о т о р о г о о т н о с и т с я к б у д у щ е м у и пред § 4. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
п о л а г а е т с я , ч т о э т о д е й с т в и е з а в е р ш и т с я д о того, к а к п р о и з о й д е т ( Н а с т о я щ е е длительно-итоговое время)
действие главного предложения:
Утвердительная Вопросительная Отрицательная
W h e n we have had tea I'll Когда мы п о п ь е м чаю, я п о к а ж у форма форма форма
show you my collection. тебе свою к о л л е к ц и ю . I have been work I have not been
He'll p h o n e me as soon as he Он п о з в о н и т м н е , к а к т о л ь к о ing, ('ve been Have I been working? working, (haven't
has read my article. (после того к а к ) п р о ч т е т м о ю working) been working)
статью. has been has not been
We do not know what is good Мы не знаем, ч т о хорошо, до He he He
working, been working,
until we have lost it. тех пор п о к а не теряем э т о . She Has she She
('s been working? (hasn't been
It it It
working) working)
UNIT 3 have been have not been

We we We
working, been working,
You Have you You
§ 2. Г л а г о л ы to suggest, to offer ('ve been working? (haven't been
They they They
working) working)
To offer о з н а ч а е т предложить, как правило, ч т о - т о конкрет
ное: Present Perfect Continuous о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и вспомога
Не offered me a c u p of tea. т е л ь н о г о глагола to be в ф о р м е P r e s e n t Perfect и P r e s e n t Participle
She offered h i m h e r help. = She offered to help h i m . ( п р и ч а с т и я н а с т о я щ е г о в р е м е н и ) с м ы с л о в о г о глагола.
To suggest о з н а ч а е т предложить план или идею, о с у щ е с т в л е н и е
которых может быть п р и н я т о и л и отвергнуто. 1. Present Perfect C o n t i n u o u s в ы р а ж а е т д е й с т в и е , к о т о р о е на
О б р а т и т е в н и м а н и е н а г р а м м а т и ч е с к и е к о н с т р у к ц и и с глаго чалось в п р о ш л о м и продолжается в н а с т о я щ и й момент. П р и
л о м to suggest. Д о п о л н е н и е п о с л е глагола to suggest м о ж е т б ы т ь употреблении этого времени о б ы ч н о указан период времени, в
выражено: течение которого происходит действие. Он может быть обозначен
следующими способами:
1) с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м :
/ suggest a trip to the sea. а) с п о м о щ ь ю о б с т о я т е л ь с т в е н н ы х в ы р а ж е н и й т и п а all my life,
these three years, all this week, all this year, lately и д р . :
2) г е р у н д и е м :
/ suggest going there at once. I have been working hard all Всю эту неделю я м н о г о р а б о -
3) п р и д а т о ч н ы м д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м с г л а г о л о м в this week. таю.
сослагательном наклонении:
б) с п о м о щ ь ю п р е д л о ж н ы х с л о в о с о ч е т а н и й , о б ы ч н о с пред
Ann suggests that the party (should) begin at 7.
л о г о м for:
442 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I I . Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 443
It has been raining for two hours. Д о ж д ь идет уже два часа. Примечание. Учащиеся иногда ошибочно употребляют Present
Jane has been translating the let- Д ж е й н переводит письма уже Continuous и Present Simple вместо Present Perfect Continuous и Present
Perfect, поскольку эти формы соответствуют в русском языке одной
ters for an hour but she hasn't ц е л ы й час, но еще не к о н -
форме, а именно настоящему времени. Следует иметь в виду, что когда
finished t h e m yet. чила их переводить.
в предложении указано, как долго длится действие, русское настоящее
в) с п о м о щ ь ю since, к о т о р о е может б ы т ь н а р е ч и е м , п р е д л о г о м время соответствует Present Perfect Continuous или Present Perfect, а при
отсутствии такого указания — Present Continuous или Present Simple:
или союзом:
Он ждет вас уже давно. Не has been waiting for you a long time.
Не c a m e back at three o'clock. Он вернулся в т р и часа и с
Он ждет вас. He is waiting for you.
He has been reading since. тех пор читает.
Я знаю его два года. I have known him for two years.
T h e students have been writing Студенты п и ш у т контроль Я знаю его. I know him.
the test since 9 o'clock. н у ю работу с 9 часов.
Я с м о т р ю телевизор с тех п о р , 2. Present Perfect C o n t i n u o u s у п о т р е б л я е т с я т а к ж е д л я выра
I have been watching TV since
I c a m e back from work at 6. к а к вернулся с р а б о т ы в ж е н и я д л и т е л ь н о г о д е й с т в и я , к о т о р о е н а ч а л о с ь в п р о ш л о м и за
ш е с т ь часов. к о н ч и л о с ь н е п о с р е д с т в е н н о перед м о м е н т о м р е ч и . П е р и о д вре
мени, в течение которого происходило действие, может быть к а к
Present Perfect C o n t i n u o u s о б ы ч н о у п о т р е б л я е т с я с д и н а м и у к а з а н , т а к и не у к а з а н . В э т и х с л у ч а я х Present Perfect C o n t i n u o u s
ч е с к и м и г л а г о л а м и . С о с т а т а л ь н ы м и г л а г о л а м и (to be, t o see, t o п е р е в о д и т с я н а р у с с к и й я з ы к п р о ш е д ш и м в р е м е н е м глагола не
hear, to love, to like, to want, to know, to have и др.) т а к о г о р о д а совершенного вида:
д е й с т в и я в ы р а ж а ю т с я с п о м о щ ь ю Present Perfect:
I feel tired as I have been work- Я чувствую себя усталым, т а к
1 have been married for ten years. Я женат десять лет. ing in the garden for several к а к я работал в саду н е -
I have known J o h n since 1987. Я з н а ю Д ж о н а с 1987 года. hours. с к о л ь к о часов.
I have had this car for six years. Этот а в т о м о б и л ь у м е н я уже Her eyes are red. She has been У нее глаза п о к р а с н е л и от
ш е с т ь лет. crying. слез. О н а п л а к а л а .
She has always liked coffee. О н а всегда л ю б и л а к о ф е .
§ 5. С о п о с т а в л е н и е п р е д л о г о в since и from
В отрицательных предложениях как с динамическими, так и
с о с т а т а л ь н ы м и г л а г о л а м и о б ы ч н о у п о т р е б л я е т с я Present Perfect: К а к п р е д л о г since, т а к и п р е д л о г from, у п о т р е б л я ю т с я п р и ука
зании на начальный момент какого-нибудь действия со значением
Dick lost his job two years ago. Д и к п о т е р я л работу д в а года
русского предлога с. Since у п о т р е б л я е т с я п р и у к а з а н и и на началь
Не hasn't worked since. н а з а д . С тех п о р он не ра
н ы й момент действия, начавшегося в прошлом и продолжающего
ботает.
ся в м о м е н т р е ч и . From же у п о т р е б л я е т с я п р и у к а з а н и и на началь
A n n hasn't slept for two days. А н я уже два д н я не спит.
н ы й момент действия, не совершающегося в момент речи:
I haven't heard from h i m for a Я уже м е с я ц не и м е ю от него
month. известий. Не has been ill since Monday. Он болен с п о н е д е л ь н и к а (и
еще болен в момент речи).
В о т д е л ь н ы х с л у ч а я х — с г л а г о л а м и to live, to work, to study, to I have been working since 12 Я р а б о т а ю с 12 часов (и п р о -
teach — ф о р м ы Present Perfect и Present Perfect C o n t i n u o u s могут o'clock. д о л ж а ю работать в м о м е н т
быть взаимозаменяемы: речи).
He has lived in London for six Он ж и в е т в Л о н д о н е ш е с т ь Не works from eight till four. Он работает с восьми до че
years. = Не has been living in лет. тырех.
L o n d o n for six years. I lived in Moscow from 1975 till Я ж и л в М о с к в е с 1975 г. по
How long have you worked at the С к о л ь к о в р е м е н и ты работа- 1980. 1980 г.
plant? = How long have you е ш ь на заводе? Tomorrow I shall work from 10 Завтра я буду работать с 10
been working at the plant? o'clock. часов.
UNIT 9 Е с л и перед о т н о с и т е л ь н ы м м е с т о и м е н и е м с т о и т предлог, т о

п р и п р о п у с к е м е с т о и м е н и я о н с т а в и т с я п о с л е глагола:
§ 6. О п р е д е л и т е л ь н ы е п р и д а т о ч н ы е
п р е д л о ж е н и я (Attributive C l a u s e s ) I d o n ' t know the student about Я не з н а ю студента, о к о т о р о м
w h o m you are talking. = вы говорите.
Определительные придаточные предложения выполняют в I d o n ' t know the student you
с л о ж н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и ф у н к ц и ю о п р е д е л е н и я и о т в е ч а ю т на во are talking about.
п р о с ы what? which? какой?. О н и соединяются с главным пред
Относительные местоимения, играющие роль подлежащего,
ложением относительными местоимениями who кто, который,
н е могут б ы т ь о п у щ е н ы :
whom кого, которого, которому, whose чей, которого, which кото
рый, that который, кто. М е с т о и м е н и я who, whom, whose употре T h e girl who is having lunch Девушка, которая завтракает
б л я ю т с я , когда п р и д а т о ч н о е п р е д л о ж е н и е о п р е д е л я е т существи with Dobson is Miss G r e e n . с Д о б с о н о м , — м и с с Грин.
т е л ь н о е , о б о з н а ч а ю щ е е л ю д е й , а м е с т о и м е н и е which — когда р е ч ь Both the letters that (which) В о б о и х письмах, которые
идет о н е о д у ш е в л е н н ы х п р е д м е т а х и о ж и в о т н ы х , м е с т о и м е н и е c a m e this m o r n i n g are bills. п р и ш л и с е г о д н я утром, со
that м о ж е т о т н о с и т ь с я к л ю б о м у с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о м у и местоиме держатся счета.
нию:
Обычно придаточное определительное предложение служит
T h e m a n who has just come is Человек, к о т о р ы й т о л ь к о ч т о индивидуализирующим определением по о т н о ш е н и ю к суще
Mr G r e e n . п р и ш е л , — м и с т е р Грин. с т в и т е л ь н о м у , к о т о р о е о н о о п р е д е л я е т , п о э т о м у э т о существи
T h e w o m a n whose car is on the Ж е н щ и н а , чей а в т о м о б и л ь тельное употребляется с определенным артиклем:
opposite side of the street is находится на п р о т и в о п о -
in the supermarket. л о ж н о й с т о р о н е у л и ц ы , на T h i s is the house that Jack built. Э т о дом, к о т о р ы й п о с т р о и л
ходится в супермаркете. Джек.
The test which we wrote yester- К о н т р о л ь н а я работа, которую T h i s is t h e m a n who c a m e here Вот тот человек, к о т о р ы й п р и -
day was not difficult. мы п и с а л и вчера, не труд yesterday. ходил сюда вчера.
ная. T h i s is the meat I bought at the Э т о м я с о , которое я к у п и л в
The people w h o m she invited to Л ю д и , которых она пригласила butcher's. м я с н о й лавке.
the party are her colleagues. на вечеринку, — ее коллеги.
Однако придаточное определительное предложение п о от
I have found the book that I was Я нашел книгу, которую я ис-
н о ш е н и ю к определяемому существительному может в ы п о л н я т ь
looking for. кал.
и ф у н к ц и ю описательного определения. В этом случае а р т и к л ь
T h e m a n that you saw in my of- Человек, которого вы видели
у п о т р е б л я е т с я н а о с н о в а н и и о б щ и х п р а в и л н е з а в и с и м о о т на
fice is Victor Sedov. в моем к а б и н е т е , — В и к т о р
Седов. л и ч и я определения:
A letter which is written in pen П и с ь м о (любое), к о т о р о е на

В определительных придаточных предложениях относитель cil is difficult to read. п и с а н о к а р а н д а ш о м , трудно
ные местоимения, в ы п о л н я ю щ и е ф у н к ц и ю дополнения, часто читать.
опускаются: We went to the lake which was Мы п о ш л и к озеру, к о т о р о е
T h i s is the girl that (whom) we Вот та д е в у ш к а , к о т о р у ю мы very stormy that day. было очень бурным в этот
saw in the park yesterday. в и д е л и вчера в парке. день.
= T h i s is the girl we saw in Her husband made her presents Муж дарил ей к н и г и , а она их
the park yesterday. of books she did not read. не ч и т а л а .
He posted the letter that (which) Он о т п р а в и л п и с ь м о , которое Butter which is m a d e from М а с л о , к о т о р о е делается из
he had written. = He posted он н а п и с а л . boiled c r e a m tastes good. к и п я ч е н ы х с л и в о к , прият
the letter he had written. но на вкус.
U N I T 11 Не suddenly understood that she Он вдруг п о н я л , ч т о она л ю -

had loved h i m all her life. била (любит) его всю свою
§ 7. T h e P a s t P e r f e c t T e n s e
жизнь.
( П р о ш е д ш е е свершенное время)
Утвердительная Вопросительная
Отрицательная форма § 8. The P a s t Perfect Continuous Tense
форма форма
I I I ( П р о ш е д ш е е длительно-итоговое время)
Не he He
Утвердительная Вопросительная Отрицательная
She she She форма форма форма
had worked, had not worked, I I I
It Had it worked? It
('d worked) (hadn't worked) Не he He
We we We She she She
You you You had been had not been
They they They working, ('d been working,
It Had it It
been work working? (hadn't been
Past Perfect о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и в с п о м о г а т е л ь н о г о глагола ing) working)
to have в ф о р м е Past Simple и Past Participle ( п р и ч а с т и я прошед We we We
ш е г о в р е м е н и ) с м ы с л о в о г о глагола. You you You
They they They
1. Past Perfect у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я п р о ш е д ш е г о дей
ствия, которое произошло до определенного момента в прошлом: Past Perfect Continuous образуется п р и п о м о щ и вспомогатель
I received a letter from my sister Вчера я п о л у ч и л а п и с ь м о от н о г о глагола to be в ф о р м е Past Perfect (had been) и Present Participle
yesterday. I had not heard сестры. Я долгое в р е м я не ( п р и ч а с т и я н а с т о я щ е г о в р е м е н и ) с м ы с л о в о г о глагола.
from her for a long time. и м е л а от нее и з в е с т и й .
We couldn't get into the house Мы не могли войти в дом, по 1. Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я дей
because I had lost my key. тому ч т о я потерял к л ю ч . с т в и й , н а ч а в ш и х с я до у к а з а н н о г о м о м е н т а в п р о ш л о м и продол
As soon as I had packed my К а к только я упаковал вещи, ж а в ш и х с я д о э т о г о м о м е н т а . В д а н н о м с л у ч а е о б ы ч н о у к а з а н пе
things the taxi came. п р и ш л о такси.
риод времени, в течение которого происходило действие:
By the time the boss c a m e I had К тому в р е м е н и к а к п р и ш е л
н а ч а л ь н и к , я отксерокопи We could not go out because it Мы не могли в ы й т и на улицу,
xeroxed all the letters.
ровала все п и с ь м а . had been raining since early п о т о м у ч т о с р а н н е г о утра
morning. шел дождь.
By six o'clock we had finished К ш е с т и часам мы з а к о н ч и л и
our work and were free. работу и б ы л и с в о б о д н ы . She had been sleeping for three О н а уже три часа спала, когда
hours when we returned. мы возвратились.
2. Past Perfect т а к ж е у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я о б о з н а ч е н и я д е й с т в и й ,
н а ч а в ш и х с я до у к а з а н н о г о м о м е н т а в п р о ш л о м и п р о д о л ж а в ш и х Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s о б ы ч н о у п о т р е б л я е т с я т о л ь к о с ди
ся до э т о г о м о м е н т а . О б ы ч н о т а к и е д е й с т в и я в ы р а ж а ю т с я с по н а м и ч е с к и м и глаголами. Со статальными глаголами, которые,
м о щ ь ю Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s , н о с о с т а т а л ь н ы м и г л а г о л а м и упо к а к правило, не употребляются в форме Continuous, такого рода
т р е б л я е т с я Past Perfect: д е й с т в и я в ы р а ж а ю т с я в Past Perfect (см. § 7).
I found Jane in the library. She Я н а ш л а Д ж е й н в библиотеке. 2 . Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s у п о т р е б л я е т с я т а к ж е д л я в ы р а ж е н и я

said she had been there since О н а с к а з а л а , ч т о находится д л и т е л ь н о г о д е й с т в и я , к о т о р о е з а к о н ч и л о с ь н е п о с р е д с т в е н н о пе
morning. там с утра. ред м о м е н т о м н а с т у п л е н и я д р у г о г о п р о ш е д ш е г о д е й с т в и я :
Не felt very tired when he c a m e Он чувствовал себя очень уста By the first of September I shall К 1 с е н т я б р я я буду работать в
h o m e as he had been playing л ы м , когда пришел домой, have been working at this э т о м и н с т и т у т е уже 20 лет.
football. так как играл в футбол. Institute for twenty years.
They stopped talking when I came О н и перестали разговаривать, She will have been c o m p u t i n g Когда ты в е р н е ш ь с я , о н а уже
in. I understood that they had когда я вошел. Я п о н я л , for t h r e e hours by the t i m e т р и часа будет работать за
been talking about me. что о н и г о в о р и л и обо мне. you come back. компьютером.
§ 9. The Future Perfect Tense U N I T 12

(Будущее свершенное время)
§ 1 1 . Местоимения every,
Future Perfect о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и в с п о м о г а т е л ь н о г о гла everybody, everyone, everything, each
гола to have в ф о р м е F u t u r e Simple и Past Participle ( п р и ч а с т и я
п р о ш е д ш е г о в р е м е н и ) с м ы с л о в о г о глагола. 1. Every каждый, всякий является местоимением-прилага
F u t u r e Perfect у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я д е й с т в и й , ко т е л ь н ы м и у п о т р е б л я е т с я т о л ь к о перед и с ч и с л я е м ы м существи
т о р ы е будут з а в е р ш е н ы до о п р е д е л е н н о г о м о м е н т а в будущем. т е л ь н ы м в е д и н с т в е н н о м ч и с л е , когда и м е е т с я более двух пред
Момент, до которого завершится действие, может быть указан: метов с о д и н а к о в ы м и п р и з н а к а м и :
а) о б о з н а ч е н и я м и в р е м е н и , т а к и м и к а к by 6 o'clock, by that
Every big plant in our city has а К а ж д ы й б о л ь ш о й завод в н а -
time, by Saturday, by the end of the year и т.п.:
polyclinic. ш е м городе и м е е т свою по
We shall have completed the exper- К к о н ц у м е с я ц а мы з а в е р - ликлинику.
iment by the end of the month. ш и м эксперимент.
I see h i m every day. Я в и ж у его к а ж д ы й д е н ь .
T h e y will have reached the village О н и будут в деревне к 10 ча-
Ьу 10 o'clock. сам. 2. С л о ж н ы е м е с т о и м е н и я everybody, everyone каждый, всякий,
все, everything всё я в л я ю т с я м е с т о и м е н и я м и - с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и
б) д р у г и м б у д у щ и м д е й с т в и е м , в ы р а ж е н н ы м г л а г о л о м в и употребляются с глаголами в единственном числе.
Present Simple, в п р и д а т о ч н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х в р е м е н и и у с л о в и я : Everybody, everyone у п о т р е б л я ю т с я в тех с л у ч а я х , когда р е ч ь
T h e train will have left by the П о е з д уже о т п р а в и т с я к тому и д е т о л и ц а х , everything — о н е о д у ш е в л е н н ы х п р е д м е т а х :
t i m e we get to the station. в р е м е н и , к а к мы приедем
на вокзал. Everybody (everyone) is here. Все здесь.
I shall have typed t h e d o c u m e n t s Я уже н а п е ч а т а ю д о к у м е н т ы , Everything is ready. Все готово.

if you come at 5 o'clock. е с л и вы п р и д е т е в 5 часов.
3. Each каждый может выступать как местоимение-сущест
в и т е л ь н о е , и м е ю щ е е з н а ч е н и е е д и н с т в е н н о г о ч и с л а и сочетаю
§ 1 0 . The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
щееся только с глаголом в единственном числе:
(Будущее свершенное длительное время)
Each of you is going to receive К а ж д ы й из вас п о л у ч и т билет
Future Perfect Continuous о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и вспомога
a ticket to the concert. на концерт.
т е л ь н о г о глагола to be в ф о р м е F u t u r e Perfect (shall have been, will
have been) и Present Participle ( п р и ч а с т и я н а с т о я щ е г о в р е м е н и ) Each может выступать как местоимение-прилагательное.
с м ы с л о в о г о глагола. В э т о м случае о н о определяет т о л ь к о и с ч и с л я е м о е существи
F u t u r e Perfect C o n t i n u o u s у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я дли тельное в единственном числе и у п о т р е б л я е т с я тогда, когда
т е л ь н о г о будущего д е й с т в и я , к о т о р о е н а ч н е т с я р а н е е д р у г о г о бу
и м е е т с я п о к р а й н е й м е р е д в а п р е д м е т а с о д и н а к о в ы м и призна
д у щ е г о д е й с т в и я ( и л и м о м е н т а ) и будет е щ е п р о д о л ж а т ь с я в мо
ками:
м е н т его н а с т у п л е н и я . К а к и д р у г и е в р е м е н а э т о й г р у п п ы , F u t u r e
Perfect C o n t i n u o u s у п о т р е б л я е т с я , когда у к а з а н п е р и о д в р е м е н и , в I'm going to give each boy Я с о б и р а ю с ь сделать пода-
т е ч е н и е к о т о р о г о будет п р о и с х о д и т ь д е й с т в и е : а present. р о к к а ж д о м у мальчику.
15 Английский я)ык. Часть 2

Примечание. Each как местоимение-прилагательное и every сходны

Anybody can do it. В с я к и й может э т о сделать.
по значению. Each означает «каждый в отдельности из определенной
группы л и ц или предметов», но не выражает никакого обобщения. Every, You may play anything you Вы можете с ы г р а т ь все, ч т о хо
выражая то же значение, одновременно подчеркивает, что сказанное like. т и т е (любую вещь, к о т о р у ю
относится не только к одному, но и ко всем лицам или предметам вы хотите).
данной группы, т.е. выражает обобщение (каждый без исключения, все). May I play a n y t h i n g 1 like? Могу я сыграть все, что хочу (лю
бую вещь, которую я хочу)?
§ 12. Особые случаи употребления В придаточных условных предложениях употребляются как

местоимений some и any any, т а к и some:
К а к известно, местоимение some обычно употребляется в If you need any/some money, Если вам п о н а д о б я т с я д е н ь г и ,
утвердительных предложениях. В вопросительных и отрицатель tell me. д а й т е мне знать.
н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х some о б ы ч н о з а м е н я е т с я н а any:
I've got some money. Have you got any money? I haven't got any § 13. Местоимения either и neither
money.
О д н а к о some (а не any) у п о т р е б л я е т с я в с п е ц и а л ь н ы х вопро М е с т о и м е н и е either о т н о с и т с я к д в у м л и ц а м и л и п р е д м е т а м
сах, а т а к ж е о б щ и х в о п р о с а х , в к о т о р ы х ч т о - н и б у д ь п р е д л а г а е т с я и у п о т р е б л я е т с я со з н а ч е н и е м тот или другой, один из двух, лю
и л и выражается какая-нибудь просьба: бой из двух. Either у п о т р е б л я е т с я к а к в к а ч е с т в е м е с т о и м е н и я -
прилагательного, так и местоимения-существительного.
Why didn't you buy some cheese? Почему вы не к у п и л и сыру?
1. В качестве м е с т о и м е н и я - п р и л а г а т е л ь н о г о either употребля
"Would you like some more t e a ? " «Не хотите еще чаю?»
ется перед и с ч и с л я е м ы м с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м в е д и н с т в е н н о м числе.
" O h , yes, please." «Да, пожалуйста».
Я в л я я с ь о п р е д е л и т е л е м с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о г о , either и с к л ю ч а е т упо
т р е б л е н и е а р т и к л я перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , к к о т о р о м у о н о от
А н а л о г и ч н ы м о б р а з о м у п о т р е б л я ю т с я м е с т о и м е н и я someone,
носится:
somebody и something:
You can go by either road. Можете и д т и по той и л и другой
Why didn't you ask somebody to Почему вы не п о п р о с и л и
дороге (по любой из двух).
help you? кого-нибудь п о м о ч ь вам?
Take either book. I d o n ' t m i n d Возьмите одну из этих (двух)
Will you have something to eat? He хотите ли чего-нибудь
which. книг. М н е б е з р а з л и ч н о к а к у ю .
поесть?
Will someone help me? К т о - н и б у д ь поможет мне? 2. Когда either употребляется в качестве местоимения-
с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о г о , за н и м ч а с т о следует п р е д л о г of:
Местоимение any со з н а ч е н и е м всякий, любой у п о т р е б л я е т с я
в у т в е р д и т е л ь н ы х и в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х п е р е д исчис Here are two dictionaries, you Вот два словаря, вы можете
may take either (of them). в з я т ь л ю б о й (из них).
л я е м ы м и существительными в единственном числе и неисчис-
ляемыми существительными: *
3. Either у п о т р е б л я е т с я т а к ж е со з н а ч е н и е м и тот и другой,
" W h i c h newspaper do you w a n t ? " « К а к у ю газету тебе надо?» оба, каждый (из двух):
"Any will d o . " « Л ю б а я подойдет». There were chairs on either С той и другой (с каждой) с т о р о -
You may come at any t i m e that is Вы можете п р и й т и в л ю б о е side of the table. ны стола с т о я л и стулья.
convenient to you. время, которое вам удобно. There were a lot of fine houses На том и другом берегу р е к и бы-
оп either bank of the river. ло м н о г о к р а с и в ы х домов.
Anyone, anybody, anything могут у п о т р е б л я т ь с я , а н а л о г и ч н о
м е с т о и м е н и ю any, со з н а ч е н и е м всякий, любой к а к в утвердитель 4. Когда either я в л я е т с я подлежащим предложения, глагол
ных, так и в вопросительных предложениях: ставится и л и в единственном или во множественном числе:
15*
Either of the examples is (are) И тот и другой п р и м е р верен Some of t h e m saw it. К т о - т о из них видел э т о .
correct. (оба п р и м е р а верны). C a n any of you help me? Может ли кто-нибудь из вас
п о м о ч ь мне?
5. М е с т о и м е н и е neither ни тот, ни другой я в л я е т с я отрица
O n e of us will have to go to the О д н о м у из нас придется пое
т е л ь н о й ф о р м о й м е с т о и м е н и я either: хать в аэропорт.
airport.
We accepted neither offer. Мы не п р и н я л и ни того, ни К а ж д ы й и з нас готов п о м о ч ь
другого п р е д л о ж е н и я . Each of us is ready to help h i m . ему.
Neither of the statements is (are) Ни то, ни другое з а я в л е н и е не Н и к т о из н и х (двоих) не по
true. является правильным. Neither of t h e m phoned me. звонил мне.
Н и к о г о из н и х здесь нет.
N o n e of t h e m is (are) here.
§ 14. М е с т о и м е н и я по и попе
§ 16. С о ю з ы either... or, neither... nor
Местоимение по употребляется в качестве местоимения-
прилагательного перед существительными в единственном и С о ю з either ... or или ... или, либо ... либо у п о т р е б л я е т с я в
множественном числе: у т в е р д и т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х д л я с о е д и н е н и я о д н о р о д н ы х чле
I have no ticket. = I haven't а У м е н я нет билета, нов предложения:
ticket. T h e manager is either at the of Заведующий или в офисе или
I found по mistakes in your trans- Я не н а ш е л о ш и б о к в вашем fice or at the laboratory. в лаборатории.
lation. = I did not find any переводе, You can have either meat or fish Т ы м о ж е ш ь съесть л и б о м я с о ,
mistakes in your translation. (not both). л и б о рыбу.
No не у п о т р е б л я е т с я в к а ч е с т в е м е с т о и м е н и я - с у щ е с т в и т е л ь
Е с л и с о ю з either ... or с о е д и н я е т п о д л е ж а щ и е , то с к а з у е м о е
н о г о ; в м е с т о н е г о у п о т р е б л я е т с я м е с т о и м е н и е попе, к о т о р о е за
п р е д л о ж е н и я согласуется (т.е. с т о и т в т о м же л и ц е и ч и с л е ) с
м е н я е т к а к и с ч и с л я е м о е с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о е в е д и н с т в е н н о м и мно
б л и ж а й ш и м подлежащим или употребляется во множественном
жественном числе, так и неисчисляемое существительное:
числе:
— Is there a telephone in the — Есть ли т е л е ф о н в комнате?
Either Mr Brown or his son Л и б о М и с т е р Б р а у н , л и б о его
room?
know(s) F r e n c h . сын знают французский.
— N o , there is none. — Нет.
— Are there any French maga- — Е с т ь ли ф р а н ц у з с к и е ж у р - С о ю з neither ... nor ни ... ни я в л я е т с я о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы м с о ю з о м :
zines in the library? н а л ы в библиотеке?
I like neither football nor hock Я не л ю б л ю ни футбол, ни
— N o , there are none. — Нет. ey. хоккей.
— How much money have you — С к о л ь к о у тебя денег? Neither his parents, nor he Ни его р о д и т е л и , ни он не со
got? intend(s) to stay here for an б и р а ю т с я оставаться здесь
— None. — У м е н я нет денег в о о б щ е . other week. еще на неделю.
В английском языке в предложении может быть только одно

§ 1 5 . С о ч е т а н и я some of us, none of us и д р .
о т р и ц а н и е , в д а н н о м с л у ч а е neither ... nor, с л е д о в а т е л ь н о , сказуе
С л о ж н ы е м е с т о и м е н и я , с о д е р ж а щ и е в с в о е м с о с т а в е one, body м о е с т о и т всегда в у т в е р д и т е л ь н о й ф о р м е .
и л и thing (somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, С о ю з either ... or м о ж е т у п о т р е б л я т ь с я т а к ж е в з н а ч е н и и сою
everybody, everyone), не у п о т р е б л я ю т с я в с о ч е т а н и я х с п р е д л о г о м . за neither ... nor в о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х :
Вместо них употребляются соответствующие неопределенные I d o n ' t speak either G e r m a n or Я не говорю ни п о - н е м е ц к и ,
м е с т о и м е н и я some, any, one, none, neither, each: French. ни по-французски.
П . Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 455
З а п р е щ е н и е (prohibition) и л и о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы й о т в е т н а п р о с ь б у
§ 17. Союз both ... and
о р а з р е ш е н и и п е р е д а е т с я н е с к о л ь к и м и ф о р м а м и — cannot (can't),
С о ю з both ... and и ... и, как ... так и у п о т р е б л я е т с я в утвер may not, must not (mustn't). П р и э т о м о т р и ц а т е л ь н а я ф о р м а may
дительных предложениях для соединения однородных членов not, в ы р а ж а ю щ а я з а п р е щ е н и е , у п о т р е б л я е т с я с р а в н и т е л ь н о ред
к о . Б о л е е у п о т р е б и т е л ь н ы ф о р м ы can't, в ы р а ж а ю щ а я в е ж л и в ы й
п р е д л о ж е н и я , п р и ч е м , е с л и с о ю з с о е д и н я е т п о д л е ж а щ и е , сказуе
о т к а з (refusal), и mustn't, к о т о р а я в ы р а ж а е т з а п р е щ е н и е (prohibi
м о е всегда с т о и т в о м н о ж е с т в е н н о м ч и с л е :
tion):
Both my friend and I like reading. И я и мой друг л ю б и м читать.
Both J o h n and Mary were there. Как Джон, так и Мэри были — May I speak to the Dean? — I'm afraid you c a n ' t .
там. Б о ю с ь , ч т о нет.
— May we take your car? — N o , you m u s t n ' t .
Нет, н е л ь з я .
U N I T 13
§ 18. Разрешение (Permission) В с л у ч а е , когда р е ч ь и д е т о в е щ а х , к о т о р ы е р а з р е ш е н ы и л и

не разрешены с точки зрения закона или правил, употребляются
М о д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы сап и may у п о т р е б л я ю т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я can (can't) и be (not) allowed to:
п р о с ь б ы р а з р е ш и т ь в ы п о л н и т ь д е й с т в и е (asking for permission).
You c a n ' t smoke here. Здесь н е л ь з я (запрещено)
Глагол may, к а к п р а в и л о , у п о т р е б л я е т с я в о ф и ц и а л ь н о м с т и л е
You aren't allowed to smoke here. курить.
и н о с и т д о с т а т о ч н о ф о р м а л ь н ы й х а р а к т е р по с р а в н е н и ю с сап,
который характерен для разговорной речи и является наиболее В з а и м о з а м е н я е м ы м и т а к ж е я в л я ю т с я could и was/were allowed
употребительным: to, у п о т р е б л я е м ы е д л я с о о т н е с е н и я д е й с т в и я с п р о ш л ы м :
May I c o m e in? М о ж н о войти? W h e n I was young I could take my father's car.
You may use a dictionary for the При выполнении контрольной W h e n I was young I was allowed to take my father's car.
test if you want. р а б о т ы , е с л и хотите, може О б а п р е д л о ж е н и я п е р е д а ю т о д н о и то же з н а ч е н и е , т.е.: м н е
те пользоваться словарем. разрешали пользоваться м а ш и н о й отца.
C a n I read your newspaper? М о ж н о я п о ч и т а ю вашу газету? Если речь идет о е д и н и ч н о м случае р а з р е ш е н и я (о получении
You can take the car, if you want. М о ж е ш ь в з я т ь м а ш и н у , если р а з р е ш е н и я в о п р е д е л е н н о й с и т у а ц и и в п р о ш л о м ) , употребляет
хочешь. ся т о л ь к о с о ч е т а н и е was/were allowed to:
Last night I was allowed to stay up longer t h a n usual.
Употребление формы сослагательного наклонения could и
might в в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х д е л а е т п р о с ь б у б о л е е веж
ливой: § 19. Просьба (Request)
Could 1 use your p h o n e , please? М о ж н о в о с п о л ь з о в а т ь с я ва М о д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы can, could, will, would в с о ч е т а н и и с место
ш и м телефоном? и м е н и е м you у п о т р е б л я ю т с я в в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х п р и
Might I c o m e , too? М о ж н о ли мне тоже пойти? о б р а щ е н и и к с о б е с е д н и к у с п р о с ь б о й (request) ч т о - л и б о сделать.
Сап у п о т р е б л я е т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я п р о с ь б ы о п о м о щ и , когда
Р а з р е ш е н и е в ы п о л н и т ь д е й с т в и е (permission) м о ж е т б ы т ь вы
г о в о р я щ и й н е у в е р е н , с м о ж е т л и о н п о л у ч и т ь эту п о м о щ ь :
р а ж е н о т о л ь к о г л а г о л а м и сап и may (но не could и might):
My umbrella is broken. C a n you М о й з о н т и к с л о м а л с я . Ты не
May I stay here? Yes, you may.
repair it? с м о ж е ш ь его п о ч и н и т ь ?
C a n he put his suitcase in the Yes, he c a n .
hall? Will в в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х с к о р е е в ы р а ж а е т на
C o u l d / M i g h t I make a sugges- Of course, you c a n (may), ставление, которое приобретает вежливый оттенок по сравнению
tion? с предложением в повелительном наклонении:
II. Грамматический справочник 457
2) порцию, например:
Will you please pack up and leave? П о ж а л у й с т а , соберите свои
в е щ и и уходите. If you want to please the boy, Если тебе хочется доставить
buy h i m an ice. мальчику удовольствие, купи
Will м о ж е т т а к ж е п е р е д а в а т ь з н а ч е н и е п р о с ь б ы в н е ф о р м а л ь ему (порцию) мороженого.
ной ситуации при обращении к близким людям: I want a salad and two coffees. М н е н у ж н а одна п о р ц и я сала
та и два к о ф е .
M u m m y , will you help me? М а м а , ты м н е поможешь?
3 ) к о н к р е т н ы й предмет, н а п р и м е р :
Г л а г о л ы would и could у п о т р е б л я ю т с я д л я в ы р а ж е н и я веж
л и в о й п р о с ь б ы , п р и ч е м would и м е е т о т т е н о к б о л е е ф о р м а л ь н ы й , There was a full glass of orange Перед н и м с т о я л п о л н ы й ста-
чем could: juice in front of h i m . к а н а п е л ь с и н о в о г о сока.
Would you post t h e letter for m e , please?
C o u l d you tell me t h e t i m e , please?
К а к п р а в и л о , д л я в ы р а ж е н и я п р о с ь б ы м о д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы со § 22. Модальные глаголы will и would (Refusals)
ч е т а ю т с я с с о с л о в о м please. М о д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы will и would у п о т р е б л я ю т с я с о в с е м и ли
цами единственного и множественного числа в отрицательных
§ 20. Предложение (Offer) п р е д л о ж е н и я х д л я в ы р а ж е н и я н е ж е л а н и я (unwillingness), о т к а з а
(refusal) в ы п о л н и т ь д е й с т в и е в н а с т о я щ е м и п р о ш л о м соответ
С о ч е т а н и е shall I? о б о з н а ч а е т п р е д л о ж е н и е услуг: ственно.
Shall 1 open the window? О т к р ы т ь окно? К а к правило, в разговорной речи употребляются сокращен
ные ф о р м ы won't и wouldn't:
Г л а г о л ы will и would у п о т р е б л я ю т с я в в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х пред
Не won't take his pineapple Он ни за ч т о не хочет п и т ь
л о ж е н и я х , когда г о в о р я щ и й , о б р а щ а я с ь к с о б е с е д н и к у , л и б о
juice. ананасовый сок.
п р е д л а г а е т ему ч т о - т о , л и б о п р и г л а ш а е т его ч т о - т о сделать:
Не tried to explain himself but Он п о п ы т а л с я о б ъ я с н и т ь с я , но
Will you have a cup of coffee? Хотите ч а ш к у кофе? I wouldn't listen. я не стал его с л у ш а т ь .
Would you like a drink? Желаете что-нибудь выпить?
О б а глагола могут б ы т ь у п о т р е б л е н ы в о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы х пред
Would you like me to repair t h e Хотите, чтобы я п о ч и н и л
ложениях и в отношении неодушевленных предметов, выражая
iron? утюг? з н а ч е н и е с о п р о т и в л е н и я (resistance):
Would you like to stay with us? Хотите остаться с н а м и ?
T h e door won't open. Дверь н и к а к не открывается.
T h e engine wouldn't start. Мотор н и к а к не заводился.
U N I T 14
§ 21. Особые случаи употребления артикля U N I T 16

с неисчисляемыми существительными-
названиями веществ § 23. Дополнительные придаточные
предложения (Object clauses)
И н о г д а с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы е - н а з в а н и я в е щ е с т в м е н я ю т с в о е зна
ч е н и е и с т а н о в я т с я и с ч и с л я е м ы м и с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и . Э т о про Дополнительные придаточные предложения выполняют в
исходит, е с л и о н и н а ч и н а ю т о б о з н а ч а т ь : с л о ж н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и ф у н к ц и ю п р я м о г о и л и п р е д л о ж н о г о кос
1) сорт, н а п р и м е р : в е н н о г о д о п о л н е н и я . О н и о т в е ч а ю т н а в о п р о с ы what что? about
what о чем? и т.д.
T h e r e was a beautiful display of На в и т р и н е б ы л а к р а с и в а я
Дополнительные придаточные предложения соединяются с
cottons in the shop window. выставка хлопчатобумаж
г л а в н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м с о ю з а м и that что, whether, if ли и с о ю з -
ных тканей.
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I I . Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 459
458
н ы м и с л о в а м и who (whom) кто/кого, whose чей, what что, какой, Why did he come? Почему он п р и ш е л ?
which который, when когда, where куда, how как, why почему и д р . I d o n ' t know why he c a m e . Я не з н а ю , почему он п р и ш е л .
С о ю з that в р а з г о в о р н о й р е ч и ч а с т о о п у с к а е т с я : Where is she going to spend her Где она с о б и р а е т с я п р о в е с т и
holidays? каникулы?
I know (that) she has returned. Я з н а ю , ч т о она уже вернулась.
I wonder whether (if) he will И н т е р е с н о , п р и д е т ли о н . He wants to know where she is Он хочет знать, где она соби
рается п р о в е с т и к а н и к у л ы .
come. going to spend her holidays.
К а к он сделал это?
I've no idea where she lives. Я не и м е ю ни м а л е й ш е г о пред How did he d o it?
с т а в л е н и я , где о н а ж и в е т . И н т е р е с н о , к а к о н сделал э т о .
I wonder how he did it.
Глаголы, прилагательные и слова категории с о с т о я н и я , к

§ 24. П о н я т и е о прямой и косвенной речи
к о т о р ы м п р и с о е д и н я ю т с я д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы е п р и д а т о ч н ы е пред
л о ж е н и я , распадаются по своей семантике на группы, которые С о д е р ж а н и е р а н е е в ы с к а з а н н о г о с о о б щ е н и я м о ж е т б ы т ь пе
обозначают: р е д а н о д в у м я п у т я м и : в ф о р м е п р я м о й р е ч и (от л и ц а г о в о р я щ е г о )
а) п р о ц е с с ы р е ч и — to say, to tell, to ask, to answer, to explain, и в ф о р м е к о с в е н н о й р е ч и (от л и ц а п е р е д а ю щ е г о ) :
to remark, to add, to announce, to report, to repeat, to promise, to John: I want to go out.
remind, to assure и д р . J o h n says, " I want t o g o o u t . "
б) м ы с л и т е л ь н ы е п р о ц е с с ы — to think, to know, to believe, J o h n says t h a t he wants to go out.
to hope, to wonder, to decide, to expect, to forget, to be sure, to be После слов, в в о д я щ и х п р я м у ю речь, в отличие от русского
aware, to be certain, to be uncertain и д р . я з ы к а , о б ы ч н о с т а в и т с я з а п я т а я . О д н а к о перед д л и н н ы м тек
в) ч у в с т в а — to fear, to feel, to worry, to be delighted, to be стом п р я м о й речи ставится, к а к и в русском языке, двоеточие.
afraid, to be disappointed, to be displeased, to be satisfied, to be glad, К а в ы ч к и , в о т л и ч и е о т р у с с к о г о я з ы к а , с т а в я т с я н а л и н и и верх
to be sorry и д р . него среза с т р о к и к а к перед началом, так и после о к о н ч а н и я
г) п р о ц е с с ы в о с п р и я т и я , о б н а р у ж е н и я , п о к а з ы в а н и я — to see, п р я м о й р е ч и . К а в ы ч к и могут б ы т ь о д и н а р н ы м и и д в о й н ы м и .
to hear, to recognize, to find, to find out, to learn, to notice, to dis К а в ы ч к и п о с л е о к о н ч а н и я п р я м о й р е ч и , в о т л и ч и е о т русского
cover, to show, to point out и др.: языка, ставятся после знаков п р е п и н а н и я :
Nick says he will invite her. Н и к говорит, ч т о он п р и г л а с и т Н е says, " M a r y will d o it."
ее. H e asks, " W h e n will she c o m e ? "
I h o p e she will help me. Я надеюсь, что она поможет мне. Д л я п е р е д а ч и п о в е с т в о в а т е л ь н ы х и в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х предло
ж е н и й в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и ч а щ е всего и с п о л ь з у ю т с я п р и д а т о ч н ы е
I'm sure he knows her address. Я уверен, что он знает ее
д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы е п р е д л о ж е н и я . П о р я д о к слов в г л а в н о м и при
адрес.
д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и п р я м о й . В р е м я глагола в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и
I'm afraid they have lost their Б о ю с ь , ч т о о н и заблудились,
way. не м е н я е т с я , е с л и глагол, к о т о р ы й ее вводит, у п о т р е б л е н в на
стоящем времени:
I know that you saw her yester- Я з н а ю , ч т о ты видел ее вчера,
day. " T h e t r a i n has broken down, so She says (has said) the t r a i n has
I see that you are very tired. Я вижу, что ты о ч е н ь устал. I'll be late h o m e . " broken down, so she'll be late
home.
У ч а щ и е с я иногда о ш и б о ч н о у п о т р е б л я ю т в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы й по " H a v e you heard the news?" He asks i f / w h e t h e r I have heard
р я д о к слов в п р и д а т о ч н ы х д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х , к о т о р ы е the news.
в в о д я т с я с о ю з а м и when, where, why, what, which, how, whose и др. " W h e r e do you live?" He asks where I live.
Следует и м е т ь в виду, ч т о в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы й п о р я д о к с л о в упо
т р е б л я е т с я т о л ь к о в с а м о с т о я т е л ь н ы х в о п р о с и т е л ь н ы х предло В п р и д а т о ч н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х с к о с в е н н о й речью, где глагол,
жениях, в придаточных же предложениях употребляется порядок в в о д я щ и й к о с в е н н у ю речь, с т о и т в п р о ш е д ш е м в р е м е н и , о б ы ч н о
слов повествовательного предложения: с о б л ю д а ю т с я п р а в и л а с о г л а с о в а н и я в р е м е н . ( С м . об э т о м § 27, 32.)
to\i АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК. H A t l b 1 1 II. Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 461
§ 25. Глаголы to speak, to talk 1) предложением, п р е д с т а в л я ю щ и м п р я м у ю речь:

Не said, "1 study two foreign languages."
To speak (spoke, spoken) = о с у щ е с т в л я т ь а к т р е ч е в о й деятель
2) п р и д а т о ч н ы м д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м , в в о д и м ы м с
н о с т и , в ы р а ж а т ь м ы с л и вслух, г о в о р и т ь :
п о м о щ ь ю с о ю з а that и л и б е с с о ю з н о :
/ must speak to him about it.
Не said (that) he studied two foreign languages.
С е м а н т и ч е с к а я с т р у к т у р а глагола to speak с о д е р ж и т следую
щие значения: 3) с л о в о м и л и с л о в о с о ч е т а н и е м :
1) о с у щ е с т в л я т ь р е ч е в у ю д е я т е л ь н о с т ь : He looked at me and said nothing.
Speak up, please. В р я д е с л у ч а е в глагол to say м о ж е т с о п р о в о ж д а т ь с я предлож
2) говорить на к а к о м - л и б о языке: н ы м к о с в е н н ы м д о п о л н е н и е м с о з н а ч е н и е м а д р е с а т а р е ч и (если
Не speaks French fluently. ему предшествует прямое дополнение):
3) в ы с т у п а т ь с р е ч ь ю в о ф и ц и а л ь н о й о б с т а н о в к е : "Come here," he said to me.
The lecturer spoke about young Goethe. "Don't touch the vase!"she said to him.
To talk = г о в о р и т ь и м е е т м е н е е ф о р м а л ь н о е з н а ч е н и е , пред I don't remember what she said to me.
п о л а г а е т беседу п р и н а л и ч и и н е м е н е е двух ч е л о в е к : Глагол to tell с о ч е т а е т с я с к о с в е н н ы м д о п о л н е н и е м со значе
/ called on ту friend yesterday and we talked about our families the
нием адресата речи:
whole evening.
Не told те that he studied two foreign languages.
He talks too much.
"Don't touch the vase!"she told him.
О д н о к о р е н н ы е с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы е : speech, talk.
I told him my name.
Запомните следующие фразы и выражения:
I told her to come at 6.
frankly speaking о т к р о в е н н о говоря Запомните следующие фразы и выражения:
strictly speaking с т р о г о говоря
You d o n ' t say so! He может быть! Ч т о вы гово
speak one's m i n d о т к р о в е н н о в ы с к а з а т ь свое
рите!
неодобрение
It goes without saying. С а м о с о б о й разумеется.
these is n o t h i n g to speak of пустяки
No sooner said t h a n done. С к а з а н о — сделано,
talk sense говорить умные вещи
tell a story рассказать историю
talk nonsense говорить глупости
tell t h e t r u t h с к а з а т ь правду
talk politics говорить о политике
tell a lie солгать
talk shop г о в о р и т ь о работе в присут
с т в и и л и ц , не и м е ю щ и х к
ней отношения § 27. Согласование времен
small talk пустой с а л о н н ы й разговор (Sequence of Tenses)
Видовременные ф о р м ы могут употребляться д в о я к о . В о д н и х

§ 26. Глаголы to say, to tell
случаях о н и относят действие непосредственно к настоящему,
Г л а г о л ы to say, to tell и м е ю т п р а к т и ч е с к и о д н о з н а ч е н и е — прошедшему и л и будущему времени. Такое употребление видо-
« в ы р а з и т ь с л о в а м и , с о о б щ и т ь » и с о о т в е т с т в у ю т р у с с к о м у глаголу временных форм называется абсолютным, например:
«сказать». Р а з н и ц а в и х у п о т р е б л е н и и о б у с л о в л е н а и х р а з л и ч н о й
дистрибуцией (окружением). They are travelling about Italy. О н и п у т е ш е с т в у ю т по И т а л и и .
Глагол to say с о ч е т а е т с я с п р я м ы м д о п о л н е н и е м и с л у ж и т д л я They travelled about Italy last П р о ш л ы м летом они путеше-
введения прямой и косвенной речи. summer. ствовали по Италии.
Прямое дополнение, с л е д у ю щ е е з а г л а г о л о м t o say, может They will travel about Italy this Э т и м летом о н и будут п у т е ш е -
быть выражено: summer. ствовать п о И т а л и и .
В других случаях видовременные ф о р м ы не относят действие 1) в к о н т е к с т е н а с т о я щ е г о в р е м е н и (т.е. в р а з г о в о р е ) , когда в

н е п о с р е д с т в е н н о к н а с т о я щ е м у , п р о ш л о м у и л и будущему, а толь дополнительном придаточном предложении сообщается факти
ко выражают одновременность с каким-то другим действием, ческое, а не относительное время с о б ы т и й , например:
п р е д ш е с т в о в а н и е ему и л и с л е д о в а н и е з а н и м . Т а к о е у п о т р е б л е н и е
A n d I knew that you d o n ' t make Я з н а л , ч т о ты не м н о г о зара-
времен называется относительным. Относительное употребление
very much money. батываешь.
в р е м е н и з в е с т н о к а к с о г л а с о в а н и е в р е м е н . Э т о я в л е н и е особен
н о я р к о п р о я в л я е т с я в п р и д а т о ч н ы х д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы х предложе D i d n ' t Florence tell you we've Разве Ф л о р е н с не с к а з а л а тебе,
almost agreed to part? ч т о мы уже п о ч т и р е ш и л и
н и я х , где глагол г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я в ы р а ж е н о д н о й и з ф о р м
расстаться?
прошедшего времени.
Не told me this m o r n i n g that he С е г о д н я у т р о м он с к а з а л м н е ,
Одновременность действий при глаголе-сказуемом главного is going to visit us tomorrow. что собирается навестить
предложения в любой форме прошедшего времени выражается с н а с завтра.
п о м о щ ь ю Past Simple и Past C o n t i n u o u s : You said you came in a taxi. Ты с к а з а л , что приехал на
Last week I received a letter from На п р о ш л о й неделе я п о л у ч и - такси.
Julia. She wrote she wanted to ла п и с ь м о от Д ж у л и и . О н а О д н а к о следует и м е т ь в виду, ч т о т е н д е н ц и я с о б л ю д а т ь пра
go and stay on a farm for her н а п и с а л а , ч т о хочет п р о в е - в и л а с о г л а с о в а н и я в р е м е н и в э т о м с л у ч а е о ч е н ь с и л ь н а , ч т о под
holidays. сти о т п у с к на ф е р м е . тверждается м н о г о ч и с л е н н ы м и примерами:
Yesterday evening I phoned Вчера вечером я п о з в о н и л
N i n a . Her m o t h e r said she Н и н е . Ее мать с к а з а л а , ч т о I quite forgot it was my birthday Я совсем з а б ы л , ч т о сегодня
was having an English class. она на з а н я т и я х по ан today. мой д е н ь р о ж д е н и я .
глийскому языку. Did you tell h i m his tea was Ты с к а з а л а ему, ч т о чай готов?
ready?
П р е д ш е с т в о в а н и е д е й с т в и й в ы р а ж а е т с я с п о м о щ ь ю Past Perfect
2) когда р е ч ь и д е т о в е щ а х , с у ж д е н и я х и я в л е н и я х , представ
и Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s :
л я ю щ и х с я в е р н ы м и в о все в р е м е н а , н а п р и м е р :
W h e n I came to the Institute Когда я вчера п р и ш л а в и н -
yesterday I learned that Helen ститут, я узнала, что Л е н а You m a d e me u n d e r s t a n d how Ты з а с т а в и л м е н я п о н я т ь , к а к
had failed her exam. не сдала э к з а м е н . i m p o r t a n t education is. важно образование.
My brother looked tired. I knew М о й брат выглядел усталым, Gallileo m a i n t a i n e d that the Г а л л и л е й утверждал, ч т о з е м л я
he had been working hard Я з н а л , ч т о в последнее earth moves. вращается.
lately. в р е м я он м н о г о работает. Однако и в приведенных выше примерах можно употребить
Past Simple.
С л е д о в а н и е д е й с т в и й в ы р а ж а е т с я с п о м о щ ь ю ф о р м «будуще
го в п р о ш е д ш е м » — F u t u r e in t h e Past: U N I T 17
I thought that my sister would Я д у м а л а , что м о я сестра § 28. Придаточные цели
come on Saturday but she приедет в субботу, но она
с союзом so that (Clauses of Purpose)
arrived on Friday. приехала в п я т н и ц у .
She asked me not to c o m e at five О н а п р о с и л а м е н я , чтобы я Придаточные предложения цели соединяются с главным
because she would be cooking не п р и х о д и л а в п я т ь , т а к п р е д л о ж е н и е м с о ю з о м so that чтобы, для того чтобы.
d i n n e r at that time. к а к она в э т о в р е м я будет В п р и д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и ц е л и могут у п о т р е б л я т ь с я мо
готовить обед. д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы can (could), may (might), will (would).
A n n promised that she would have А н я о б е щ а л а , ч т о переведет Е с л и с к а з у е м о е г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я с т о и т в о д н о м из на
translated the article by five. статью к п я т и часам. с т о я щ и х в р е м е н и л и в п о в е л и т е л ь н о м н а к л о н е н и и , то в придаточ
н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и у п о т р е б л я ю т с я can, may, will; е с л и с к а з у е м о е
С л у ч а е т с я , ч т о п р а в и л а с о г л а с о в а н и я в р е м е н и н о г д а наруша г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я с т о и т в о д н о м из п р о ш е д ш и х в р е м е н , то в
ются. Это может происходить в следующих случаях: п р и д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и у п о т р е б л я ю т с я could, might, would:
I'll help h i m so (that) he c a n Я помогу ему, чтобы он смог I don't like this weather. (=1 d o n ' t Я не л ю б л ю т а к у ю погоду.
finish early. раньше закончить. like bad weather like this.)
I helped h i m so (that) he could Я помог ему, чтобы он мог T h i s kind (this type) of m a c h i n e s Такие м а ш и н ы не продаются
finish early. раньше закончить. is not sold by us. ( = M a c h i n e s нами.
Я заеду за т о б о й на в о к з а л , of this type (of this kind) are
I'll pick you up at the station so
ч т о б ы тебе не п р и ш л о с ь not sold by us.)
(that) you won't need to take
a taxi. брать такси. These are very difficult exercises. Э т о т а к и е т р у д н ы е упражне
He got a taxi so (that) he Он взял т а к с и , чтобы не опо ния.
wouldn't be late. здать. These are very (=most) interest Это такие интересные к н и г и .
ing books.
§ 29. Придаточные предложения следствия T h e talk was most interesting. Д о к л а д был такой интерес
(Clauses of Result) ный!
Is it that important? Это так важно?
П р и д а т о ч н ы е п р е д л о ж е н и я с л е д с т в и я в ы р а ж а ю т следствие,
в ы т е к а ю щ е е и з с о д е р ж а н и я г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я . О н и присо
U N I T 18
е д и н я ю т с я к г л а в н о м у п р е д л о ж е н и ю с о ю з а м и such... that такой,
so (...) that так что: § 30. Времена группы Continuous
She's such a good teacher (that) О н а т а к а я х о р о ш а я учитель страдательного залога
all her students like her. н и ц а , ч т о ее л ю б я т все ее
студенты. Continuous Passive о б р а з у е т с я п р и п о м о щ и г л а г о л а to be в со
She bought such a lot of pres О н а к у п и л а т а к м н о г о подар о т в е т с т в у ю щ е м в р е м е н и и л и ц е и п р и ч а с т и я II с м ы с л о в о г о гла
ents (that) she c o u l d n ' t carry к о в , ч т о не могла их нести. гола:
them.
I am
It was such nice weather (that) Б ы л а т а к а я х о р о ш а я погода,
Н е (she, it) is
we went to the beach. что мы пошли на п л я ж .
You (we, they) are being spoken about.
T h e suitcase was so heavy (that) Чемодан был такой тяжелый,
I (he, she, it) was
she c o u l d n ' t carry it. ч т о она не могла н е с т и его.
You (we, they) were
He drove so carelessly (that) he Он вел м а ш и н у т а к неосторож
но, что н а с к о ч и л на дерево. T h i s question is being discussed at Э т о т в о п р о с обсуждается на
crashed into a tree.
Передо м н о й с т о я л человек the meeting. собрании.
A tall m a n stood in front of me
высокого роста, т а к что я не T h i s question was being discussed Э т о т в о п р о с обсуждался,
so (that) I c o u l d n ' t see the
picture well. мог хорошо видеть картину. when I entered the r o o m . когда я вошел в комнату.
О б р а т и т е в н и м а н и е н а то, ч т о в п р и д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и В в о п р о с и т е л ь н о й ф о р м е перед п о д л е ж а щ и м с т а в и т с я т о л ь к о
с л е д с т в и я ч а с т о у п о т р е б л я е т с я м о д а л ь н ы й глагол сап могу: п е р в ы й в с п о м о г а т е л ь н ы й глагол:
My friend was so busy yesterday М о й друг б ы л т а к з а н я т вчера,
Was the question still being dis- Когда вы п р и ш л и , этот в о -
that he couldn't go to t h e что не мог поехать со м н о й
cussed when you came? п р о с все еще обсуждался?
country with me. за город.
Примечание. Там, где в русском языке такой, такая, такое, такие В о т р и ц а т е л ь н о й ф о р м е ч а с т и ц а not с т а в и т с я п о с л е п е р в о г о
употребляются для усиления в простом предложении, в английском в с п о м о г а т е л ь н о г о глагола:
языке перед наречием и прилагательным может быть употреблено уси
ление very, most, that, а в качестве усиления существительного — такие T h e question was not being dis- Когда я п р и ш е л , этот в о п р о с
слова и выражения, к а к this, like this, of this type (kind, sort) и т.п.: cussed when I c a m e . не обсуждался.
Н а с т о я щ е е и п р о ш е д ш е е в р е м е н а г р у п п ы C o n t i n u o u s стра " I ' m depressed." He said he was depressed.

д а т е л ь н о г о з а л о г а у п о т р е б л я ю т с я в тех же с л у ч а я х , ч т о и соот " D o I need a visa?" She asked if she needed a visa.
в е т с т в у ю щ и е в р е м е н а д е й с т в и т е л ь н о г о залога. Ф о р м ы будущего " I ' m studying Polish." He said he was studying Polish.
в р е м е н и г р у п п ы C o n t i n u o u s н е существует. В м е с т о н е е употре
"I wasn't very good at F r e n c h . " She said she h a d n ' t been very
б л я е т с я ф о р м а будущего в р е м е н и г р у п п ы Simple.
good at French.
"I started school at five years He said he had started school at
§ 3 1 . В р е м е н а группы Perfect old." five years old.
страдательного залога "I have never been to Moscow." He said he had never been to
В р е м е н а г р у п п ы Perfect с т р а д а т е л ь н о г о з а л о г а о б р а з у ю т с я Moscow.
"I shan't/won't tell you my se
п р и п о м о щ и в с п о м о г а т е л ь н о г о глагола to be в н а с т о я щ е м , про She said she wouldn't tell me her
cret."
ш е д ш е м и будущем в р е м е н и г р у п п ы Perfect и п р и ч а с т и я II смыс secret.
" I d o n ' t smoke." She said she didn't smoke (but
л о в о г о глагола:
I know she does).
I haven't been invited to the party. М е н я не п р и г л а с и л и на вечер.
2. Е с л и с о д е р ж а н и е п е р е д а в а е м о г о в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и выска
I knew that the letters h a d n ' t Я з н а л , что п и с ь м а еще не
з ы в а н и я с о о т н о с и т с я не т о л ь к о с п р о ш л ы м м о м е н т о м , но и с мо
been sent yet. отослали.
м е н т о м р е ч и , и г о в о р я щ и й хочет п о д ч е р к н у т ь его а к т у а л ь н о с т ь ,
T h e article will have been t r a n s - Статья будет переведена к р е л е в а н т н о с т ь по о т н о ш е н и ю к м о м е н т у р е ч и , то в п р и д а т о ч н о м
lated by the end of the day. концу д н я .
предложении употребляются абсолютные времена:
В р е м е н а г р у п п ы Perfect с т р а д а т е л ь н о г о залога у п о т р е б л я ю т с я " I d o n ' t like m o d e r n jazz. Не said he doesn't like m o d e r n
в тех же с л у ч а я х , ч т о и д е й с т в и т е л ь н о г о залога. jazz.
"I have broken my a r m . " She said she has broken her a r m .
U N I T 19 (ее рука все еще сломана)
"I will see Clara next He said he will see Clara next
§ 3 2 . Употребление времен в придаточных
Christmas." Christmas.
дополнительных п р е д л о ж е н и я х с косвенной речью
" I ' m leaving tomorrow." He said he's leaving tomorrow.
К а к б ы л о п о к а з а н о р а н е е , е с л и глагол, в в о д я щ и й к о с в е н н у ю
3. Если содержание передаваемого в ы с к а з ы в а н и я соотносится
р е ч ь , у п о т р е б л е н в н а с т о я щ е м в р е м е н и , то глагол в п р и д а т о ч н о м
к а к с п р о ш л ы м м о м е н т о м , т а к и с м о м е н т о м р е ч и , но г о в о р я щ и й
п р е д л о ж е н и и о с т а е т с я в т о м же в р е м е н и , в к а к о м он б ы л в перво
н а ч а л ь н о м в ы с к а з ы в а н и и . ( С м . § 24. ) л и ш ь ф и к с и р у е т ф а к т р е ч и в п р о ш л о м и н е с ч и т а е т н у ж н ы м под
ч е р к н у т ь его с в я з ь с н а с т о я щ и м , то в п р и д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и
К о с в е н н а я р е ч ь передает, к а к п р а в и л о , слова, к о т о р ы е б ы л и
употребляются относительные времена:
п р о и з н е с е н ы в п р о ш л о м . П б э т о м у г л а г о л ы , к о т о р ы е в в о д я т кос
венную речь, о б ы ч н о стоят в прошедшем времени. "I usually go skiing in M a r c h . " She said she usually went (=goes)
Е с л и глагол, в в о д я щ и й к о с в е н н у ю р е ч ь , с т о и т в п р о ш е д ш е м skiing in M a r c h .
в р е м е н и , то в р е м е н а в п р и д а т о ч н о м д о п о л н и т е л ь н о м предложе " E n g l a n d won't win the World He said England wouldn't
нии с косвенной речью употребляются следующим образом: Cup." (=won't) win the World C u p .
1. Е с л и с о д е р ж а н и е п е р е д а в а е м о г о в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и выска
з ы в а н и я не с в я з а н о с м о м е н т о м р е ч и , а с о о т н о с и т с я л и ш ь с про § 3 3 . М о д а л ь н ы е глаголы в косвенной речи
ш л ы м м о м е н т о м , когда э т о в ы с к а з ы в а н и е б ы л о п р о и з н е с е н о , и л и
е с л и г о в о р я щ и й с о м н е в а е т с я в п р а в д и в о с т и п е р в о н а ч а л ь н о г о вы Некоторые модальные глаголы имеют две ф о р м ы : настоящего
с к а з ы в а н и я , то в э т о м с л у ч а е в п р и д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и упо и прошедшего времени.
т р е б л я ю т с я о т н о с и т е л ь н ы е в р е м е н а , т о е с т ь с о б л ю д а ю т с я прави Would (wouldn't), could (couldn't) и might я в л я ю т с я ф о р м а м и
ла согласования времен: п р о ш е д ш е г о в р е м е н и д л я глаголов will (won't), can (can't) и may.
В к о с в е н н о й р е ч и э т и г л а г о л ы ч а с т о м е н я ю т ф о р м у настоя з а м е н и т ь ф о р м о й п р о ш е д ш е г о в р е м е н и had to в тех с л у ч а я х , где

щего времени на форму прошедшего времени: он выражает необходимость:
П р я м а я речь К о с в е н н а я речь "I must work harder." She said she must(had to) work
will would harder.
won't wouldn't "I must have lost my ticket." She said that she must have lost
can could her ticket.
can't couldn't
may might § 3 4 . Указательные местоимения и наречия
" I ' l l write soon." He said he would write soon. м е с т а и времени в косвенной речи
"I w o n ' t forgive you." She said she wouldn't forgive me. У к а з а т е л ь н ы е м е с т о и м е н и я и н а р е ч и я м е с т а и в р е м е н и упо
"You c a n sit down if you like." He said she could sit down if she т р е б л я ю т с я в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и в с о о т в е т с т в и и с их с е м а н т и к о й .
liked. Выбор того и л и иного м е с т о и м е н и я и наречия определяется
"You c a n ' t come in." He said I c o u l d n ' t go in. ситуацией, тем, к а к соотносится передаваемое высказывание с
Примечание. Следует отметить, что в контексте настоящего моментом речи. В косвенной речи употребляются к а к наречия,
времени (immediate, up-to-date reporting) данные глаголы могут не указывающие на удаленность, так и наречия, указывающие на
изменяться: близость в пространстве и времени:
"I c a n skate well." She said she can skate well. Let's 1. In t h e street Lincoln met N i n i a n W. E d w a r d s a n d told E d w a r d s
invite her to the skating rink. t h a t he a n d M a r y were to be m a r r i e d that evening. (C. Sandburg)
2. C a t h e r i n e asked me to tell you she was sorry she c o u l d n ' t see you
Г л а г о л ы shall/shan't, у п о т р е б л я ю щ и е с я т а к и м ж е о б р а з о м ,
this evening. ( E . H e m i n g w a y ) 3. A n d t h e n he asked how long she had
к а к и will/won't, т а к ж е ч а с т о м е н я ю т с я на would/wouldn't:
b e e n there. (O. Brien) 4. He told me if he could not have d i n n e r with
"I shall/will tell you the t r u t h . " She said she would tell me the you, he would c o m e here. ( G . G r e e n ) 5. T h a t m o r n i n g t h e major asked
truth. me if I felt I could travel the next day. ( E . H e m i n g w a y ) 6. I p r o m i s e d
"I shan't/won't tell you my se- She said she wouldn't tell me her I'd give h e r t h e m o n e y tomorrow. (S. M a u g h a m )
cret." secret.
П р е п о д а в а т е л ь ( п о к а з ы в а я ручку, к о т о р у ю он д е р ж и т в руке):
В о с т а л ь н ы х с л у ч а я х shall м е н я е т с я на should, о с о б е н н о е с л и
/ bought this pen yesterday.
р е ч ь и д е т о с о в е т е , п р е д л о ж е н и и и т.п.:
П р е п о д а в а т е л ь ( п о к а з ы в а я ручку, к о т о р у ю о н п о - п р е ж н е м у
" W h a t shall I w e a r ? " She asked h i m what she should д е р ж и т в руке):
wear. / said I bought this pen yesterday.
Н е к о т о р ы е м о д а л ь н ы е глаголы не м е н я ю т с я в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и : П р е п о д а в а т е л ь (стоя у с т о л а и у к а з ы в а я на ручку, к о т о р у ю он
предварительно положил на подоконник):
would/wouldn't ought to
/ said I bought that pen yesterday.
could/couldn't had better П р е п о д а в а т е л ь (стоя у с т о л а и о б р а щ а я с ь к с т у д е н т а м ) :
might / said I bought the pen which is lying on the window sill yesterday.
should/shouldn't
"You should(ought) to be more He told the boy that he should U N I T 20

careful." (ought to) be more careful.
§ 3 5 . Придаточные предложения причины
"We had better book a r o o m . " She said they had better book a
room. (Clauses of Reason)
М о д а л ь н ы й глагол must н е и м е е т ф о р м ы п р о ш е д ш е г о вре П р и д а т о ч н ы е п р е д л о ж е н и я п р и ч и н ы о т в е ч а ю т н а в о п р о с why

м е н и . В к о с в е н н о й р е ч и его м о ж н о о с т а в и т ь без и з м е н е н и й и л и почему? О н и с о е д и н я ю т с я с г л а в н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м с о ю з а м и Ье-
cause потому что; as так как; since так как, поскольку; for так
ности (выраженное и м и действие происходит одновременно и л и
как, ибо; now that теперь, когда; поскольку: предшествует действию, выраженному сказуемым предложения).
I took a taxi because it was raining. Я взял т а к с и , потому ч т о Н а р я д у с г л а г о л ь н ы м и с в о й с т в а м и о н и и м е ю т с в о й с т в а име
Because it was raining, I took a шел дождь. ни существительного ( и н ф и н и т и в , герундий), прилагательного и
taxi. н а р е ч и я ( п р и ч а с т и е ) и , с л е д о в а т е л ь н о , могут в ы п о л н я т ь и х функ
They bought h i m a gift as/since it О н и к у п и л и подарок, т а к ции в предложении.
was his birthday. к а к был д е н ь его рож
As/Since it was his birthday, they дения. § 38. Инфинитив (The Infinitive)
bought h i m a gift.
О н шел б ы с т р о , т а к к а к о н И н ф и н и т и в — н е о п р е д е л е н н а я ф о р м а глагола, ф о р м а л ь н ы м
He walked quickly for he was in a
очень спешил. признаком которой является частица to.
great hurry.
С л у ж и т и с х о д н о й б а з о й д л я о б р а з о в а н и я всех г л а г о л ь н ы х
Now that he is here, he can help Теперь, к о г д а ( п о с к о л ь к у )
он здесь, он может по форм.
you.
м о ч ь вам. Формы инфинитива Active Passive
Simple (to) do (to) be done
Примечание. Следует обратить внимание на то, что сочетание
Continuous (to) be doing —
теперь, когда переводится на английский я з ы к now that (а не: now
Perfect (to) have done (to) have been done
when). That часто опускается: Now he is here, he can help you.
Perfect Continuous (to) have been doing —
§ 36. Придаточные предложения уступительные T h e Simple Infinitive (to be, to come, to read, etc.) выража
ет д е й с т в и е , п р о и с х о д я щ е е о д н о в р е м е н н о с д е й с т в и е м глагола-
(Clauses of Concession)
сказуемого и л и непосредственно следующее за н и м :
У с т у п и т е л ь н ы е п р и д а т о ч н ы е п р е д л о ж е н и я у к а з ы в а ю т н а об
Не wants to ask you a question. Он хочет задать вам в о п р о с .
стоятельство, в о п р е к и которому совершается действие главного
Не wants to be asked a question. Он хочет, чтобы ему з а д а л и
п р е д л о ж е н и я . О н и с о е д и н я ю т с я с г л а в н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м союза
вопрос.
ми though (even though, although) хотя, in spite of the fact that не
смотря на то что: T h e C o n t i n u o u s Infinitive (to be coming, to be reading, to be
T h o u g h (even though, although) Хотя б ы л о т о л ь к о девять telling, etc.) п о д ч е р к и в а е т п р о ц е с с н о с т ь д е й с т в и я , п р о и с х о д я щ е г о
it was only n i n e o'clock, there часов, на у л и ц а х б ы л о одновременно с действием глагола-сказуемого:
were a lot of people in the streets. м н о г о народу. Не pretended to be reading a О н п р и т в о р и л с я , ч т о читает
He went out in spite of the fact that Он в ы ш е л , н е с м о т р я на то, newspaper. газету.
he had a bad cold. ч т о был о ч е н ь просту-
• жен. T h e Perfect Infinitive (to have come, to have been, to have read,
etc.) в ы р а ж а е т д е й с т в и е , к о т о р о е п р о и з о ш л о р а н ь ш е д е й с т в и я
глагола — с к а з у е м о г о :
U N I T 21
She seems to have asked h i m К а ж е т с я , она уже с п р а ш и в а л а
§ 37. Неличные формы глагола (The Verbals)
about it. его об этом.
Н е л и ч н ы е ф о р м ы глагола — э т о н е и з м е н я е м ы е п о л и ц а м и She seems to have been asked К а ж е т с я , ее уже с п р а ш и в а л и
числам, не имеющие н а к л о н е н и я глагольные формы, которые не about it. об этом.
у п о т р е б л я ю т с я с а м о с т о я т е л ь н о в ф у н к ц и и с к а з у е м о г о , а могут
T h e Perfect C o n t i n u o u s Infinitive (to have been telling, to have
л и ш ь в х о д и т ь в его с о с т а в . been discussing, to have been writing, etc.) в ы р а ж а е т д л и т е л ь н о е
К н е л и ч н ы м ф о р м а м глагола о т н о с я т с я и н ф и н и т и в , герун д е й с т в и е , с о в е р ш а в ш е е с я в т е ч е н и е о т р е з к а в р е м е н и , предше
д и й , причастие. О н и имеют ф о р м ы залога и временнбй отнесен- ствовавшего действию глагола-сказуемого:
Не pretended to have been reading Он п р и т в о р и л с я , ч т о н е к о т о р о е 3. П о с л е глаголов ч у в с т в е н н о г о в о с п р и я т и я to see, to watch,

a newspaper for some time. в р е м я ч и т а л газету. to hear и д р . :
Н е о б х о д и м о и м е т ь в виду, ч т о в с о в р е м е н н о м а н г л и й с к о м I saw her leave the r o o m . Я видел, к а к она в ы ш л а из

языке употребляются главным образом простые (активные и комнаты.
пассивные) ф о р м ы и н ф и н и т и в а . С л о ж н ы е ф о р м ы употребляют I heard her sing. Я с л ы ш а л , к а к она поет.
ся р е д к о . К н и м п р и б е г а ю т т о л ь к о тогда, когда в о з н и к а е т опас Примечание. Когда глаголы, перечисленные в пп. 2 и 3, употреблены
ность искажения смысла. в страдательном залоге, следующий за н и м и и н ф и н и т и в употребляется
О т р и ц а т е л ь н а я ф о р м а и н ф и н и т и в а образуется п р и п о м о щ и от с частицей to:
р и ц а т е л ь н о й ч а с т и ц ы not, к о т о р а я с т а в и т с я перед и н ф и н и т и в о м :
Н е decided not t o a c c e p t t h e job. Не was m a d e to do it. Е г о з а с т а в и л и э т о сделать.
Не was seen to leave the house. Видели, к а к он в ы ш е л из дома.
Инфинитив с частицей to
4. П о с л е с о ч е т а н и й had better лучше бы, would rather предпочел
И н ф и н и т и в у о б ы ч н о п р е д ш е с т в у е т ч а с т и ц а to: бы и н е к о т о р ы х д р у г и х :
I like to play chess. Я л ю б л ю играть в ш а х м а т ы .
You had better go there at once. Вам бы л у ч ш е п о й т и туда не
Не wants to help us. Он хочет п о м о ч ь нам.
медленно.
Не said he would rather stay at Он с к а з а л , ч т о он предпочел
Ч а с т и ц а t o и н о г д а у п о т р е б л я е т с я в к о н ц е п р е д л о ж е н и я без
home. бы остаться дома.
глагола, когда э т о т глагол р а н е е у п о м я н у т в п р е д л о ж е н и и :
Не wants me to go there t o - Он хочет, ч т о б ы я п о ш е л туда 5. В в о п р о с а х , н а ч и н а ю щ и х с я с Why ... ? ( П о ч е м у бы не...?)
night, but I d o n ' t want to. с е г о д н я вечером, но я не
Why not invite John? П о ч е м у бы не п р и г л а с и т ь
(подразумевается: go) хочу.
Джона?
I was asked to c o m e but М е н я п р о с и л и п р и й т и , но я
I am not going to. не с о б и р а ю с ь . Е с л и в п р е д л о ж е н и и с т о я т р я д о м д в а и н ф и н и т и в а , соединен
(подразумевается: come)
н ы е с о ю з о м and и л и or, т о ч а с т и ц а t o п е р е д в т о р ы м и з н и х обыч
но опускается:
Инфинитив без частицы to
I intend to call on h i m and dis- Я н а м е р е н з а й т и к нему и о б -
И н ф и н и т и в у п о т р е б л я е т с я б е з ч а с т и ц ы to: cuss this question. судить э т о т в о п р о с .
1. П о с л е м о д а л ь н ы х глаголов must, can (could), may (might):
You must do it at once. Вы д о л ж н ы э т о сделать не Функции инфинитива в предложении

медленно.
Н е can speak G e r m a n . О н умеет г о в о р и т ь п о - 1. Подлежащее
немецки.
То walk in the garden was Гулять в саду б ы л о п р и я т н о ,
May I c o m e in? М о ж н о м н е войти?
pleasant.
2. П о с л е глаголов to make заставлять, to let разрешать, а ино В этой ф у н к ц и и и н ф и н и т и в часто употребляется с формаль
гда т а к ж е п о с л е to help помогать: н ы м п о д л е ж а щ и м it:
Не m a d e me do that work. Он з а с т а в и л м е н я сделать эту It was pleasant to walk in the Б ы л о п р и я т н о гулять в саду,
работу. garden.
I let h i m go there. Я р а з р е ш и л ему п о й т и туда.
Help me (to) do it. П о м о г и т е м н е сделать это. 2. Часть составного именного сказуемого-предикатива (после
глагола-связки to be):
Your duty was to inform me Вашей о б я з а н н о с т ь ю б ы л о и н - И н ф и н и т и в в ф у н к ц и и определения часто встречается после

about it. ф о р м и р о в а т ь м е н я об этом. с л о в the first, the second, the third, the last и т.д.:
My a i m is to get a good educa- Моя цель — п о л у ч и т ь хорошее
He is always the first to answer. Он всегда отвечает п е р в ы м .
tion. образование.
She was the last to come. О н а п р и ш л а последней.
Не is easy to deal with. С н и м легко и м е т ь дело.
She is interesting to talk to. С ней и н т е р е с н о разговаривать. И н ф и н и т и в в ф у н к ц и и определения может также указывать
на назначение предмета, обозначенного существительным и л и
3. Часть составного глагольного сказуемого — модального или
м е с т о и м е н и е м ( п р о и з в о д н ы м от some, any и л и по):
аспектного (после глагола действия):
Не brought me a book to read. Он п р и н е с м н е п о ч и т а т ь к н и г у .
You must help her. Вы д о л ж н ы п о м о ч ь ей.
She gave h i m some water to О н а дала ему п о п и т ь воды,
Не began to speak about his Он начал р а с с к а з ы в а т ь о своих
drink.
plans. планах.
Give me s o m e t h i n g to eat. Д а й т е м н е что-нибудь поесть.
They continued to talk like old О н и продолжали разговаривать
T h e children have a good gar- У детей есть х о р о ш и й сад, в к о -
friends. к а к старые друзья.
den to play in. ( = i n which т о р о м о н и могут играть.
to play)
4. Дополнение
а) после глаголов: afford, agree, arrange, decide, expect, fail, for 6. Обстоятельство
get, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, а) цели
promise, refuse, want, wish и др.:
He went to the airport to meet Он поехал в а э р о п о р т , чтобы
I c a n ' t afford to buy it. Я не могу себе п о з в о л и т ь ку
a friend of his. в с т р е т и т ь своего друга.
п и т ь это.
They agreed to help us. Они согласились помочь нам. Перед и н ф и н и т и в о м , в ы р а ж а ю щ и м цель, может стоять союз
I need to have your opinion. М н е н у ж н о знать ваше м н е н и е . so as и л и in order to чтобы, для того чтобы. Э т и с о ю з ы , о д н а к о ,
I promise not to be late. Я о б е щ а ю не о п а з д ы в а т ь . редко употребляются, в особенности в разговорной речи:
I stayed there so as (in order) Я о с т а л с я там, ч т о б ы п о с м о -

б) после прилагательных или причастий: (un)able, glad, happy,
to see what would h a p p e n . треть, ч т о произойдет.
lucky, ready, sorry, surprised, astonished, annoyed, delighted, pleased
и др.: О д н а к о перед и н ф и н и т и в о м с о т р и ц а т е л ь н о й ч а с т и ц е й not
о б ы ч н о с т о и т с о ю з so as и л и in order to:
I am lucky to get this chance. М н е повезло, ч т о я п о л у ч и л
этот ш а н с . I'll write down his telephone Я з а п и ш у н о м е р его т е л е ф о н а ,
We are happy to meet you. ^ Мы счастливы видеть вас. n u m b e r so as (in order) not ч т о б ы не забыть его.
I'm sorry to have given you so Я сожалею, ч т о д о с т а в и л вам to forget it.
much trouble. с т о л ь к о хлопот.
б) следствия после слов too слишком, enough достаточно
She was surprised to see us there. О н а удивилась, увидев н а с т а м .
I was t o o busy to see anyone. Я был т а к з а н я т , ч т о не мог ни
5. Определение с кем встречаться.
В ф у н к ц и и о п р е д е л е н и я и н ф и н и т и в всегда стоит, к а к и рус Не is clever enough to do this Он д о с т а т о ч н о умен, ч т о б ы
с к и й и н ф и н и т и в в э т о й ф у н к ц и и , п о с л е о п р е д е л я е м о г о суще work. справиться с этой работой.
ствительного:
в) со значением неожиданного результата
Не has no desire to go there. Он не хочет (у него нет жела
В этой ф у н к ц и и и н ф и н и т и в о б ы ч н о употребляется после
н и я ) ехать туда.
слова only и в ы р а ж а е т н е у д о в л е т в о р и т е л ь н ы й результат:
She c a m e in only to find Tom Она вошла и обнаружила, что I find h i m to be very witty. Я нахожу, что он о ч е н ь остро
had left. Том уже уехал. у м н ы й человек.
I awoke one m o r n i n g to find Я п р о с н у л с я о д н а ж д ы утром и Примечание. После сказуемого, выраженного глаголами to consid
myself famous. о б н а р у ж и л , что я з н а м е н и т . er, to find и др., в конструкции Complex Object обычно употребляется
глагол to be, который часто опускается:
7. Вводные фразы
to begin with, to tell the truth to be quite frank, to make a long Do you consider h i m a good С ч и т а е т е ли вы его х о р о ш и м
story short и д р . : student? студентом?
To be quite frank, I d o n ' t like Ч е с т н о говоря, мне не н р а в и т с я Everybody found the film ex- Все н а ш л и , что ф и л ь м и н т е р е с -
эта идея. citing, ный.
this idea.
To tell the t r u t h , it's my fault. П о правде говоря, э т о м о я вина.
б) п о с л е глаголов и с о ч е т а н и й , в ы р а ж а ю щ и х ж е л а н и е , ожи
д а н и е : to want хотеть, to wish, to desire ж е л а т ь , should (would) like
§ 39. С л о ж н о е д о п о л н е н и е хотел бы, а т а к ж е п о с л е глаголов to like любить, to hate ненави
( C o m p l e x Object) деть, не выносить и др.:
В а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е п о с л е н е к о т о р ы х глаголов у п о т р е б л я е т с я I want you to believe me. Я хочу, чтобы вы м н е в е р и л и .
к о н с т р у к ц и я , н а з ы в а е м а я C o m p l e x Object. Не wishes the work to be done Он желает, чтобы работа б ы л а

C o m p l e x Object о б ы ч н о с о с т о и т и з с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о г о в о б щ е м at once. сделана н е м е д л е н н о .
падеже и л и л и ч н о г о м е с т о и м е н и я в объектном падеже и инфи I'd like you to help me with М н е хотелось бы, ч т о б ы вы п о -
н и т и в а с to и л и без to, ч т о з а в и с и т от г л а г о л а - с к а з у е м о г о : the translation. могли мне сделать перевод.
Не wants you to help h i m . Он хочет, чтобы вы помогли I like people to tell the t r u t h . Я л ю б л ю , когда л ю д и говорят
правду.
ему.
I hate you to say such things. Я не выношу, когда вы говорите
She expected me to follow her О н а о ж и д а л а , что я последую ее
такие вещи.
advice. совету.
I saw Tom give her the book. Я видел, к а к Том дал ей к н и г у . в ) п о с л е глаголов, о б о з н а ч а ю щ и х п р и н у ж д е н и е , п р и к а з , раз
р е ш е н и е , п р о с ь б у : to order приказывать, to force заставлять, to
К о н с т р у к ц и я C o m p l e x Object ч а щ е всего п е р е в о д и т с я н а рус
tell, to ask, to allow велеть, просить, позволять, разрешать и др.:
ский язык дополнительными придаточными предложениями,
в в о д и м ы м и с о ю з а м и как, что, чтобы. Не forced his son to give up Он з а с т а в и л с ы н а б р о с и т ь ку-
smoking. рить.
1. К о н с т р у к ц и я C o m p l e x Object с и н ф и н и т и в о м с to употре
Не asked me to type some let- Он п о п р о с и л м е н я напечатать
бляется: ters. несколько писем.
а ) п о с л е глаголов, о б о з н а ч а ю щ и х у м с т в е н н у ю д е я т е л ь н о с т ь :
to think, to consider, to believe, to know в з н а ч е н и и считать, 2. К о н с т р у к ц и я C o m p l e x Object с и н ф и н и т и в о м без to упо
полагать, to expect ожидать, полагать, to suppose полагать, пред требляется:
полагать, to find находить, полагать и др.: а) п о с л е глаголов, в ы р а ж а ю щ и х в о с п р и я т и е п о с р е д с т в о м ор

г а н о в ч у в с т в : to see видеть, to watch, to observe наблюдать, to
Everybody thought h i m to be Все с ч и т а л и его у м н ы м челове-
notice замечать, to hear слышать, to feel чувствовать и др.:
clever. ком.
I didn't expect t h e m to r e t u r n Я не о ж и д а л , что о н и вернутся For a while he watched people В течение некоторого в р е м е н и
so early. т а к рано. c o m e in and go out. он наблюдал за тем, к а к лю
I knew h i m to be a good pilot. Я з н а л , что он х о р о ш и й пилот. ди входили и в ы х о д и л и .
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I I . Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 479
478
ф о р м о й глагола. М е ж д у п о д л е ж а щ и м и и н ф и н и т и в о м с у щ е с т в у е т
I haven't heard anyone call Я не с л ы ш а л , чтобы к т о - н и б у д ь
логическая связь субъекта и предиката:
те. м е н я звал.
I felt her touch ту h a n d softly. Я почувствовал, к а к о н а тихо Не is expected to come back to О ж и д а ю т , что он вернется се
д о т р о н у л а с ь до моей р у к и . night. годня вечером.
He is said to live in Moscow. Говорят, ч т о он ж и в е т в
П о с л е глаголов э т о й г р у п п ы н а р я д у с и н ф и н и т и в о м употре
Москве.
бляется причастие настоящего времени, которое подчеркивает
п р о ц е с с с о в е р ш е н и я д е й с т в и я , в т о в р е м я к а к и н ф и н и т и в кон 2 . И н ф и н и т и в , в х о д я щ и й в к о н с т р у к ц и ю C o m p l e x Subject,
статирует ф а к т с о в е р ш е н и я действия: м о ж е т у п о т р е б л я т ь с я в о всех ф о р м а х :
1 saw h i m cross the street. Я видел, к а к он перешел улицу.
Не was considered to be writing Говорили, что он п и ш е т н о -
I saw h i m crossing the street. Я видел, к а к он переходил улицу. а new play. вую пьесу.
П о с л е глаголов э т о й г р у п п ы и н ф и н и т и в с т р а д а т е л ь н о г о за T h e delegation is reported to С о о б щ а ю т , что д е л е г а ц и я уже
лога не у п о т р е б л я е т с я ; в э т о м с л у ч а е у п о т р е б л я е т с я п р и ч а с т и е have already arrived. прибыла.
прошедшего времени: T h e church is supposed to have Предполагают, ч т о ц е р к о в ь
been built in the 11th century. б ы л а п о с т р о е н а в XI веке.
I saw the luggage put into the Я видел, к а к багаж п о л о ж и л и в
Ted was thought to have been П р е д п о л а г а л о с ь , ч т о Тед го
саг. машину.
staying with his friends since стит у своих друзей с тех
I heard his n a m e mentioned Я с л ы ш а л , к а к его и м я у п о м я н у - he was seen last in town. пор, к а к его видели в горо
during the conversation. ли во в р е м я разговора. де в п о с л е д н и й раз.
П о с л е глаголов to hear и to see к о н с т р у к ц и я с и н ф и н и т и в о м

3. К о н с т р у к ц и я C o m p l e x Subject у п о т р е б л я е т с я , когда сказуе
н е у п о т р е б л я е т с я , когда э т и г л а г о л ы н е в ы р а ж а ю т ч у в с т в е н н о е
мое выражено:
в о с п р и я т и е , а у п о т р е б л е н ы в п е р е н о с н о м з н а ч е н и и — to hear слы
а) г л а г о л а м и to know, to believe, to consider, to report, to say, to
шать в з н а ч е н и и узнавать, to see видеть в з н а ч е н и и понимать,
think, to understand, to see, to hear и д р . в ф о р м е Passive Voice:
замечать. В э т о м с л у ч а е и с п о л ь з у е т с я д о п о л н и т е л ь н о е придаточ
ное предложение: They were believed to be on П о л а г а л и , что о н и находятся
their way to Moscow. на пути в Москву.
I saw that he didn't under- Я видел ( п о н и м а л ) , ч т о он не c o -
stand the danger. знает о п а с н о с т и . Не was expected to arrive in the О ж и д а л и , что он прибудет ве-
evening. чером.
I hear that he left for the Я с л ы ш а л (мне с к а з а л и ) , ч т о он
south. уехал на юг. A car was heard to arrive. Б ы л о с л ы ш н о , к а к подъехала
машина.
б) п о с л е г л а г о л о в to make заставлять, to have просить, to let She was seen to leave the house. Видели, как она вышла из дома.
позволять:
б) г л а г о л а м и to seem, to appear казаться, to prove, to turn out
Let me help you. * Позвольте мне п о м о ч ь вам.
оказываться, to happen случаться и д р . в ф о р м е Active Voice:
I made my son do his h o m e - Я заставил с ы н а в ы п о л н и т ь д о -
work again. м а ш н е е з а д а н и е еще раз. T h e water seems to be boiling. Вода, к а ж е т с я , к и п и т .
Jane had the waiter bring her Джейн попросила официанта He proved (turned out) to be a Он о к а з а л с я х о р о ш и м инже
some tea. п р и н е с т и ей чаю. good engineer. нером.
Do you h a p p e n to know his sis Вы с л у ч а й н о не знаете, к а к
§ 40. Сложное подлежащее ter's name? зовут его сестру?
( C o m p l e x Subject) T h i s house appears to have been Э т о т дом, п о - в и д и м о м у , был
1. C o m p l e x Subject с о с т о и т из г р а м м а т и ч е с к о г о п о д л е ж а щ е г о built by a good architect. построен х о р о ш и м архи
тектором.
и и н ф и н и т и в а , с т о я щ е г о после с к а з у е м о г о , в ы р а ж е н н о г о л и ч н о й
В о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х ч а с т и ц а not о б ы ч н о с т о и т The first thing for me to do is to Первое, что я должен сде

п р и г л а г о л а х to seem, to appear, to prove, to happen, а не п р и ин find out when the ship arrives. лать, это выяснить, ког
(сложное определение) да прибывает теплоход.
финитиве:
The water was too cold for the
H e doesn't seem t o know this О н , к а ж е т с я , н е знает э т о г о Вода была слишком холод
children to swim.
ной, чтобы дети могли
subject. предмета. (сложное обстоятельство,
купаться.
Не didn't prove to be a very Он о к а з а л с я не о ч е н ь о п ы т н ы м выражающее следствие)
experienced engineer. инженером.
Не didn't h a p p e n to be there С л у ч и л о с ь т а к , ч т о его не б ы л о U N I T 23
at that t i m e . там в это время.
§ 4 2 . Передача основных коммуникативных
О д н а к о ч а с т и ц а not и н о г д а в с т р е ч а е т с я и п р и и н ф и н и т и в е : типов высказываний в косвенной речи
Н е seems n o t t o k n o w t h i s subject. ( R e p o r t e d statements, questions, c o m m a n d s and emotions)
He proved n o t to be a very experienced engineer.
H e h a p p e n e d not t o b e t h e r e a t t h a t t i m e . П р и передаче речи мы имеем дело с четырьмя о с н о в н ы м и
в) глаголом to be в с о ч е т а н и и с п р и л а г а т е л ь н ы м и likely веро к о м м у н и к а т и в н ы м и т и п а м и в ы с к а з ы в а н и й : с о о б щ е н и е м , вопро
ятный, unlikely маловероятный, certain определенный, sure верный: сом, побуждением и восклицанием.
Д л я передачи сообщений в косвенной речи наиболее часто
Не is likely to know her ad- О н , в е р о я т н о , знает ее адрес.
употребляется сложноподчиненное предложение с придаточным
dress. (= It is likely that he
дополнительным, где главное предложение содержит один из
knows her address.)
They are certain t o c o m e t o - О н и н а в е р н о (непременно) п р и - г л а г о л о в р е ч и . Ч а щ е в с е г о э т о г л а г о л ы say и tell. Say о б ы ч н о упо
morrow. едут завтра. т р е б л я е т с я , когда н е т у к а з а н и я н а л и ц о , к о т о р о м у д е л а е т с я со
Не is sure to be asked about it. Его н а в е р н о (непременно) спро о б щ е н и е , е с л и же в п р е д л о ж е н и и у к а з а н о , к к о м у о б р а щ е н а р е ч ь ,
сят об э т о м . т о у п о т р е б л я е т с я tell:
T h e t e a c h e r said (that) t h e lesson was over.
§ 4 1 . О б о р о т for + существительное T h e t e a c h e r told t h e students (that) t h e lesson was over.
(или местоимение) + инфинитив К р о м е say и tell, д л я п е р е д а ч и с о о б щ е н и й и с п о л ь з у е т с я р я д
д р у г и х г л а г о л о в , в ы б о р к о т о р ы х о п р е д е л я е т с я с м ы с л о м передава
Оборот, с о с т о я щ и й из for + существительное (или местоимение)
е м о г о в ы с к а з ы в а н и я : agree, answer, add, explain, promise, remind,
+ инфинитив, в ы п о л н я е т ф у н к ц и ю одного ч л е н а п р е д л о ж е н и я , а
inform и д р . :
и м е н н о : сложного подлежащего, с л о ж н о й и м е н н о й ч а с т и сказуемого,
Paul to his mother. I'll p h o n e you as s o o n as I get to L o n d o n .
сложного о п р е д е л е н и я и л и сложного обстоятельства. И н ф и н и т и в
P a u l p r o m i s e d his m o t h e r t h a t he would p h o n e h e r as s o o n as he
может п р и э т о м у п о т р е б л я т ь с я к а к в действительном, т а к и в стра
got t o L o n d o n .
дательном залоге. Т а к и е о б о р о т ы переводятся н а р у с с к и й я з ы к при
В о п р о с ы о б ы ч н о п е р е д а ю т с я в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и в ф о р м е слож
помощи и н ф и н и т и в а и л и придаточного предложения:
ноподчиненного предложения с придаточным дополнительным,
It is easy for you to say that. Вам легко это говорить. к о т о р о е в в о д и т с я с о ю з а м и if (whether) ли п р и передаче о б щ е г о
(сложное подлежащее) в о п р о с а и who, whose, where, when, why и д р . п р и п е р е д а ч е специ
It is necessary for the goods to be Необходимо, чтобы товары а л ь н о г о в о п р о с а . В к а ч е с т в е глаголов р е ч и в г л а в н о м предложе
packed in strong cases. были упакованы в креп
кие я щ и к и . н и и н а и б о л е е ч а с т о у п о т р е б л я ю т с я ask и wonder:
(сложное подлежащее)
This is for you to decide. Dick to Lucy: Have you received my telegram?
(сложная именная часть Это вы д о л ж н ы решить. Dick asked if (whether) Lucy h a d received his telegram.
сказуемого) Mary to her sister: W h e n will you c o m e back?
M a r y asked her sister w h e n she would c o m e back. На эмоциональность высказывания указывают следующие
Д л я п е р е д а ч и п о б у ж д е н и й в к о с в е н н о й р е ч и о б ы ч н о ис г л а г о л ы : exclaim, cry, shout, complain, etc.:
п о л ь з у ю т с я п р о с т ы е п р е д л о ж е н и я с и н ф и н и т и в о м с ч а с т и ц е й to She exclaimed that she was fond of roses.
( о т р и ц а т е л ь н а я ф о р м а — not to). В к а ч е с т в е г л а г о л о в р е ч и упо
т р е б л я ю т с я г л а г о л ы tell, ask, suggest, offer, advise, warn, allow,
U N I T 26
persuade, forbid, order и др.:
Mr Smith to his secretary: Send t h e letter immediately. § 43. Наклонение (Mood)
Mr S m i t h told his secretary to send t h e letter immediately.
Н а к л о н е н и е — э т о ф о р м а глагола, к о т о р а я п о к а з ы в а е т от
Bob to his brother. Will you please help me with m a t h s ?
ношение действия к реальности. Это отношение устанавливается
Bob asked his b r o t h e r to help h i m with m a t h s .
Mr Dobson to his son: D o n ' t use my car. г о в о р я щ и м . О н м о ж е т с п о м о щ ь ю ф о р м ы глагола п р е д с т а в и т ь
Mr D o b s o n told his son not to use his car. действие к а к реальное, проблематичное, нереальное, а также к а к
К о с в е н н а я р е ч ь н е с в я з а н а с к а к и м - л и б о о д н и м граммати просьбу и л и приказание.
ч е с к и м т и п о м предложения. О д и н и тот же смысл в косвенной Д е й с т в и я , п р е д с т а в л е н н ы е к а к р е а л ь н ы е , в ы р а ж а ю т с я в фор
речи может быть передан р а з н ы м и словами с использованием м е и з ъ я в и т е л ь н о г о н а к л о н е н и я ( T h e Indicative M o o d ) , к о т о р о е
различных структур — ф у н к ц и о н а л ь н ы х синонимов: с у щ е с т в у е т в виде всех в и д о в р е м е н н ы х ф о р м , к о т о р ы е б ы л и опи
Nick: M a y I go out a n d play, M u m ? саны выше:
Mother: N o , you m u s t n ' t . I worked at a plant at that time. В то в р е м я я работал на заводе.
Т а к , с о д е р ж а н и е с т и м у л и р у ю щ е й р е п л и к и м о ж е т б ы т ь пере I only met Peter six m o n t h s Я познакомился с Петром толь-
д а н о с л е д у ю щ и м о б р а з о м : Nick asked his mother's permission to go
ago. ко ш е с т ь месяцев т о м у н а з а д .
out. Nick asked his mother whether he might go out. С о д е р ж а н и е реа
I'm going to L o n d o n next На следующей неделе я еду в
гирующей р е п л и к и может быть передано с л е д у ю щ и м и ф р а з а м и :
week. Лондон.
His mother forbade him to go out. His mother didn t allow him to go out.
His mother said that he mustn't go out. Просьбы и приказания выражаются в форме повелительного
Адекватность передачи сказанного предполагает не только н а к л о н е н и я ( T h e Imperative M o o d ) :
т о ч н у ю передачу п р е д м е т н о г о с о д е р ж а н и я р а н е е в ы с к а з а н н о г о
Be careful! Будьте о с т о р о ж н ы !
с о о б щ е н и я , но и э м о ц и о н а л ь н о г о с о с т о я н и я г о в о р я щ е г о в мо
мент к о м м у н и к а ц и и . Д л я этой цели употребляется целый ряд D o n ' t be late! He о п а з д ы в а й т е !
о п и с а т е л ь н ы х средств. С р е д и н и х :
Действия, представляемые говорящим как нереальные и л и
1) н а р е ч и я , в о с н о в н о м с с у ф ф и к с о м -ly: joyfully, proudly,
п р о б л е м а т и ч н ы е , в ы р а ж а ю т с я р а з л и ч н ы м и с п о с о б а м и в совре
cheerfully, sadly, angrily, warmly, rudely:
м е н н о м а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е , ч т о о б ъ я с н я е т с я п р и ч и н а м и истори
/ told Getliffe, affectionately, reproachfully, in all the tones
ческого характера.
I could command that I still had not made a pound through his help.
Раньше в английском языке для выражения нереальных или
(C. Snow)
проблематичных действий использовались особые формы —
2) с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы е с п р е д л о г о м : with joy (dismay, sympathy,
ф о р м ы с о с л а г а т е л ь н о г о н а к л о н е н и я ( T h e Subjunctive M o o d ) . Н о
etc.), in anger (admiration, surprise, etc.):
в ходе с в о е г о и с т о р и ч е с к о г о р а з в и т и я а н г л и й с к и й я з ы к у т р а т и л
/ said in confusion that I knew she was fond of me. (C. Snow)
б о л ь ш о е к о л и ч е с т в о о к о н ч а н и й , и в результате э т о г о п р о ц е с с а
3) п р и ч а с т и е I I : disappointed, surprised, annoyed, etc.:
Helen was disappointed at not finding Bob in. She said she had some многие формы бывшего сослагательного н а к л о н е н и я совпали с
thing important to tell him. формами изъявительного наклонения.
4) прилагательные, которые выполняют ф у н к ц и ю предикатива Употребление форм выражения нереальности необходимо в
к г л а г о л у to be: angry, sad, furious, cross, happy, etc.: ц е л о м р я д е с л у ч а е в , в ч а с т н о с т и , в с л о ж н о п о д ч и н е н н ы х пред
Sheila answered she would come. Her voice was friendly. ложениях с придаточными нереального условия.
16"
§ 44. Сослагательное наклонение В э т о м с л у ч а е в п р и д а т о ч н о м п р е д л о ж е н и и (условия) у п о т р е б л я

в у с л о в н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х ( T h e Subjunctive ются ф о р м ы , с о в п а д а ю щ и е с Past Perfect и Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s ,
M o o d in Conditional S e n t e n c e s ) а в г л а в н о м — с о ч е т а н и е would + перфектный инфинитив:
В а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е и м е е т с я три т и п а у с л о в н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и й . If I had seen h i m yesterday Е с л и бы я видел его вчера, я

I would have asked h i m с п р о с и л бы его об э т о м .
1. В у с л о в н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х I т и п а с к а з у е м о е у п о т р е б л е н о в
about it.
изъявительном н а к л о н е н и и и обозначает реальное действие и л и
N o t h i n g would have happened if Н и ч е г о не с л у ч и л о с ь бы, если
реальный факт действительности.
he had kept silent. бы он п р о м о л ч а л .
If he sends me a telegram I'll Если он п р и ш л е т мне теле-
If he h a d n ' t phoned me Е с л и бы он не п о з в о н и л , я бы
have to go to t h e station to грамму, мне п р и д е т с я
I wouldn't have come. не п р и ш е л .
meet h i m . поехать н а с т а н ц и ю , чтобы
в с т р е т и т ь его.
4. В условных предложениях так называемого «смешанного
We shan't go to the c o u n t r y if Мы не поедем за город, если
т и п а » условие м о ж е т о т н о с и т ь с я к н а с т о я щ е м у и л и б у д у щ е м у вре
it rains tomorrow. з а в т р а будет дождь.
м е н и , а следствие — к п р о ш е д ш е м у в р е м е н и и н а о б о р о т . В э т о м
2. В у с л о в н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х II т и п а с к а з у е м о е у п о т р е б л е н о в с л у ч а е в о д н о й ч а с т и п р е д л о ж е н и я м о ж е т у п о т р е б л я т ь с я ф о р м а II
с о с л а г а т е л ь н о м н а к л о н е н и и и в ы р а ж а е т п р е д п о л а г а е м о е и л и же типа, а в другой — III типа:
л а е м о е действие, к о т о р о е может о т н о с и т ь с я л и б о к н а с т о я щ е м у ,
л и б о к будущему в р е м е н и . В э т о м случае в п р и д а т о ч н о м предло If he had taken my advice ( I I I ) , Е с л и бы он последовал моему
ж е н и и у п о т р е б л я ю т с я ф о р м ы , с о в п а д а ю щ и е с Past Simple и Past he would be a famous singer совету, он был бы с е й ч а с
C o n t i n u o u s , а в г л а в н о м — с о ч е т а н и е would + простой инфинитив. now ( I I ) . з н а м е н и т ы м певцом.
If I h a d n ' t missed the plane yes Е с л и бы я не опоздал на са
I would write to h i m if I knew Я бы н а п и с а л ему, е с л и бы
his address. з н а л его адрес. terday ( I I I ) I'd be bathing in молет вчера, я бы с е й ч а с
t h e sea now ( I I ) . к у п а л с я в море.
Не would lend you his diction- Он бы дал тебе свой словарь,
ary if you asked h i m to. е с л и бы ты п о п р о с и л его об If he were not so lazy ( I I ) , he Е с л и бы он не был т а к л е н и в
этом. would have done it long ago. (вообще), он бы д а в н о сде
(Ill) л а л это.
Примечания: 1. Глагол to be в условных придаточных предложениях
имеет форму were для всех лиц. Однако в современном английском
5. Е с л и сказуемое главного и л и придаточного предложения
языке наблюдается тенденция употреблять was для 1-го и 3-го лица
единственного числа: с о д е р ж и т г л а г о л ы сап и л и may, то в с л о ж н о п о д ч и н е н н о м пред
л о ж е н и и с п р и д а т о ч н ы м н е р е а л ь н о г о у с л о в и я в л ю б о й его ч а с т и
If I were (was) not so tired Е с л и бы я т а к не устал, я бы
у п о т р е б л я ю т с я could/might + простой инфинитив д л я д е й с т в и й ,
I would go with you. пошел с тобой.
о т н о с я щ и х с я к н а с т о я щ е м у в р е м е н и , и could/might + перфектный
If he were (was) not so tired he Е с л и бы он т а к не устал, он
would go with you. пошел бы с т о б о й . инфинитив д л я д е й с т в и й , о т н о с я щ и х с я к п р о ш е д ш е м у в р е м е н и :
2. Ф о р м у л а If I were you, I should (would)... ч а с т о у п о т р е б л я е т If I could write p o e m s I would Е с л и я бы мог п и с а т ь с т и х и , я

с я , когда г о в о р я щ и й советует, к а к п о с т у п и т ь с о б е с е д н и к у : dedicate t h e m to you. бы п о с в я т и л их тебе.
If he could paint he might find Е с л и бы он умел рисовать, м ы ,
If I were you I'd order beef- Будь я на вашем месте, я бы a job with us. может быть, н а ш л и б ы д л я
steak. заказал бифштекс. него работу.
3. В у с л о в н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х I I I т и п а с к а з у е м о е о б о з н а ч а е т If we could have talked with Е с л и бы мы смогли погово
предполагаемое и л и воображаемое действие, которое относится h i m that night, he wouldn't р и т ь с н и м в тот вечер, он
к прошлому. Это н е в ы п о л н и м о е и л и невыполненное действие. have gone away. бы не уехал.
If his father h a d n ' t been there Если бы там не б ы л о его отца, ч и т е л ь н о реже. К н и м п р и б е г а ю т т о л ь к о тогда, когда в о з н и к а е т
s o m e t h i n g serious might have могло бы с л у ч и т ь с я ч т о - опасность искажения смысла. В некоторых случаях герундий
happened. н и б у д ь серьезное. в ф о р м е Active у п о т р е б л я е т с я со з н а ч е н и е м г е р у н д и я в ф о р м е
Passive. Т а к о е у п о т р е б л е н и е г е р у н д и я в с т р е ч а е т с я п о с л е г л а г о л о в
6. Е с л и о д н а из ч а с т е й у с л о в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я II и I I I ти to need, to want, to require нуждаться, требоваться и п о с л е при
п а и м е е т д о п о л н и т е л ь н о е п р е д л о ж е н и е , т о его г л а г о л - с к а з у е м о е
л а г а т е л ь н о г о worth стоящий:
у п о т р е б л я е т с я в о д н о м из п р о ш е д ш и х в р е м е н (т.е. с о б л ю д а ю т с я
правила согласования времен): My shoes need mending. Мои б о т и н к и н у ж н о починить.
T h e dress wants washing. Э т о платье надо в ы с т и р а т ь .
If he p h o n e d you now I would Е с л и б ы о н п о з в о н и л тебе
tell h i m you were out. сейчас, я бы с к а з а л а , ч т о These bags require drying. Э т и с у м к и надо п р о с у ш и т ь .
тебя нет дома. T h e book is worth reading. Эту к н и г у стоит п р о ч е с т ь .
If I were you I would ask h i m if Е с л и бы я был на в а ш е м ме
she would c o m e . сте, я бы с п р о с и л его, при Функции герундия
дет л и о н а .
If I met h i m I would tell h i m Е с л и бы я в с т р е т и л его, я бы Обладая свойствами существительного, герундий выполняет
that she had arrived. с к а з а л , ч т о о н а приехала. в предложении следующие ф у н к ц и и :
1. Подлежащее
U N I T 27 Reading is her favourite о с - Ч т е н и е — ее л ю б и м о е з а н я т и е ,
cupation.
§ 45. Г е р у н д и й ( T h e G e r u n d )
Г е р у н д и й , к а к и и н ф и н и т и в , — н е л и ч н а я ф о р м а глагола. 2. Часть составного глагольного сказуемого

Г е р у н д и й о б л а д а е т с в о й с т в а м и к а к глагола, т а к и существитель She began crying. О н а начала п л а к а т ь .
ного.
W h e n they saw me they О н и перестали разговаривать,
К а к и глагол, г е р у н д и й и м е е т ф о р м ы в р е м е н и и з а л о г а .
stopped talking. когда у в и д е л и м е н я .
Формы герундия Active Passive
Simple writing being written 3. Часть составного именного сказуемого
Perfect having written having been written T h e i m p o r t a n t part of his job В а ж н о й ч а с т ь ю его р а б о т ы яв
is looking after the chil ляется присмотр за детьми.
В р е м е н н ь г е ф о р м ы г е р у н д и я в ы р а ж а ю т д е й с т в и е , происходя dren.
щ е е о д н о в р е м е н н о с д е й с т в и е м г л а г о л а - с к а з у е м о г о , л и б о пред
ш е с т в у ю щ е е ему: 4. Дополнение
She likes interviewing people. Ей н р а в и т с я брать у людей а) прямое
интервью. She enjoyed singing and d a n c - Ей н р а в и л о с ь петь и т а н ц е в а т ь ,
She likes being interviewed. Ей н р а в и т с я , когда у нее берут ing.
интервью.
He regretted having told t h e m б) предложное
О н сожалел, ч т о с к а з а л и м
the t r u t h . правду. She apologized for c o m i n g О н а и з в и н и л а с ь за то, что опо
He regretted having been told О н сожалел, ч т о ему с к а з а л и late. здала.
the t r u t h . правду.
5. Определение
К а к и в случае с и н ф и н и т и в о м , в современном английском
я з ы к е у п о т р е б л я ю т с я г л а в н ы м о б р а з о м п р о с т ы е а к т и в н ы е и пас I d o n ' t want her to make a Я не хочу, ч т о б ы у нее появи
сивные ф о р м ы герундия. С л о ж н ы е ф о р м ы употребляются зна- habit of being late. лась п р и в ы ч к а о п а з д ы в а т ь .
6. Обстоятельство Fancy meeting you here! Я даже и п р е д с т а в и т ь себе не

мог, что встречу вас здесь!
T h e bus passed us without stop- Автобус проехал м и м о н а с , не
Do you fancy going out this Х о ч е ш ь сходить куда-нибудь
ping. остановившись.
evening? с е г о д н я вечером?
L e a r n to swim by s w i m m i n g . Учись п л а в а т ь , п л а в а я .
Forgive my speaking plainly. П р о с т и т е , ч т о говорю т а к пря
Г е р у н д и й в с о ч е т а н и и с с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м в о б щ е м и л и при мо.
т я ж а т е л ь н о м п а д е ж е , п р и т я ж а т е л ь н ы м м е с т о и м е н и е м и л и лич He gave up smoking. Он бросил курить.
н ы м м е с т о и м е н и е м в о б ъ е к т н о м п а д е ж е образует г е р у н д и а л ь н ы й They kept (on) interrupting me. О н и продолжали прерывать
оборот (The Gerundial Complex), в ы п о л н я ю щ и й любую ф у н к ц и ю меня.
в предложении, свойственную герундию: Would (Do) you m i n d waiting a Вы н и ч е г о не имеете про
week or two? т и в того, чтобы подождать
Excuse my/me interrupting you. И з в и н и т е , что я вас п р е р ы в а ю . недельку-другую?
I insist on his/him (Peter's/ Я н а с т а и в а ю на том, чтобы он 1 d o n ' t m i n d walking. Я не в о з р а ж а ю п о й т и п е ш к о м .
Peter) taking part in the dis- (Петр) п р и н я л участие в о б -
We put off going to t h e south. Мы о т к л а д ы в а л и поездку на юг.
cussion. суждении.
He took to drinking. Он п р и с т р а с т и л с я к вину.
Н а р у с с к и й я з ы к г е р у н д и а л ь н ы й о б о р о т п е р е в о д и т с я прида He took up swimming. Он занялся плаванием.
т о ч н ы м п р е д л о ж е н и е м , к о т о р о е в в о д и т с я с л о в а м и что; то, что; She c o u l d n ' t help smiling. О н а не могла не улыбнуться.
тем, что; чтобы; как и др.: J a n e c a n ' t stand waiting in Д ж е й н терпеть н е может с т о я т ь
queues. в очередях.
His being a foreigner, an ex- To, ч т о он был и н о с т р а н е ц ,
enemy was bad enough. бывший неприятель, было
б) с п р е д л о г а м и : apologize for, accuse of, agree to, approve/dis
уже плохо.
approve of, complain about/of, congratulate on, depend on, feel like,
T h e r e was no hope of our get- He б ы л о н а д е ж д ы , ч т о мы д о -
ting the tickets. станем б и л е т ы . forgive for, insist on, look like, look forward to, object t o , prevent
Не likes Mary's reciting poetry. Ему н р а в и т с я , к а к М э р и ч и т а е т from, rely on, speak about/of, stop from, succeed in, suspect of, thank
стихи. for, think about/of и д р . :
They objected to the confer- О н и б ы л и п р о т и в того, чтобы
I apologized for being late. Я и з в и н и л с я за то, что опоздал.
ence being held in May. конференцию проводили в
мае. My father will not agree to our М о й отец н е согласится, ч т о б ы
being married so soon. мы так скоро поженились.
Would you m i n d my o p e n i n g Вы не будете в о з р а ж а т ь , е с л и я
the window? открою окно? He did not approve of my play Он не одобрял того, ч т о я
ing cards. играл в карты.
Употребление герундия All the happiness of my life de Все счастье моей ж и з н и за
pends on your loving me. висит от того, п о л ю б и т е ли
В следующих случаях употребляется только герундий: вы м е н я и л и нет.
1. П о с л е глаголов I d o n ' t feel like going out. Я не хочу выходить.
а) б е з п р е д л о г о в : admit, avoid, delay, deny, enjoy, excuse, fancy, Do you feel like having a swim? Т ы хочешь искупаться?
finish, forgive, give up, imagine, keep (on), mind, postpone, put off, He insists on Mary's joining us. О н н а с т а и в а е т н а том, чтобы
suggest, take to, take up, can't help, can't stand и д р . : Мэри присоединилась к
нам.
He a d m i t t e d stealing (having Он п р и з н а л с я в том, ч т о у к р а л
It looks like raining. Похоже, что будет дождь.
stolen) the money. деньги.
I object to his j o i n i n g us. Я п р о т и в того, чтобы он при
She denied seeing h i m . О н а о т р и ц а л а , ч т о видела его.
соединился к нам.
Excuse my bothering you. И з в и н и т е за б е с п о к о й с т в о .
образа действия, с предлогами besides кроме, instead of вместо,

I tried to prevent h i m from see Я п о п ы т а л с я п о м е ш а т ь ему
ing her. встретиться с ней. without без и д р . :
You may rely on my settling the Вы можете р а с с ч и т ы в а т ь на On arriving at t h e cottage she Подъехав к дому, она обнару
matter. то, ч т о я все улажу. found it locked. ж и л а , ч т о о н заперт.
My doctor succeeded in saving Моему врачу удалось с п а с т и After hesitating a m o m e n t or Поколебавшись минуту-
my life. two he knocked at the door. другую, он п о с т у ч а л в
мне жизнь.
You suspect me of stealing your дверь.
Вы подозреваете м е н я в том,
diamond. He thought a long t i m e before О н долго д у м а л , прежде чем
что я украл ваш брильянт.
I t h i n k of going abroad this answering. ответить.
Я хочу поехать за г р а н и ц у
summer. In translating the report I m a d e П е р е в о д я д о к л а д , я сделал не
э т и м летом.
I really t h a n k you heartily for some spelling mistakes. сколько орфографических
Я сердечно благодарен в а м за
taking all this trouble. ошибок.
то, ч т о вы в з я л и на себя все
You begin learning a language Я з ы к н а ч и н а ю т у ч и т ь , при
I congratulated t h e m on win эти заботы.
by listening to t h e new с л у ш и в а я с ь к н о в ы м зву
ning the C u p . Я п о з д р а в и л их с тем, ч т о о н и кам.
sounds.
Please forgive me for not writ выиграли кубок. Besides being clever he is very К р о м е того, ч т о о н о ч е н ь
ing t o you. И з в и н и м е н я за то, ч т о я тебе у м е н , он о ч е н ь трудолю
industrious.
не писал. бив.
2. п о с л е с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы х с п р е д л о г а м и : idea of, way of, plan
for, habit of, reason for, excuse for, opportunity of и д р . : Instead of writing the letter Вместо того, ч т о б ы н а п и с а т ь
himself he asked his friend п и с ь м о самому, он попро
1 d i d n ' t like the idea of spend Мне не нравилась мысль про- to d o it. с и л своего друга сделать
ing the s u m m e r in town. вести л е т о в городе. это.
T h i s is the best way of settling Э т о л у ч ш и й с п о с о б урегулиро He left the r o o m without wait Он вышел из комнаты, не
the problem. вания этой проблемы. ing for a reply. о ж и д а я ответа.
Do you know the reason for his Ты знаешь, по какой причине
missing his English classes он пропускает з а н я т и я по Примечание. Как видно из приведенных выше примеров, герундий
so often? а н г л и й с к о м у я з ы к у т а к ча может переводиться на русский я з ы к существительным, и н ф и н и т и в о м ,
сто? деепричастием или придаточным предложением.
3. п о с л е п р и л а г а т е л ь н ы х с п р е д л о г а м и : afraid of, busy in, ca

pable of, disappointed at, excited about, fond of, good at, guilty of, 5. П о с л е с л е д у ю щ и х с л о в о с о ч е т а н и й : it's no use, what's the use
interested in, keen on, pleased (displeased) at, proud of, responsible of, it's (no) good, there's no point (in), it's (not) worth, (have) diffi
for, sure of, surprised at, tired of и др.: culty in, a waste of money/time, be/get used to, go shopping (fishing,
climbing, etc.):
She was afraid of being p u n - О н а б о я л а с ь , ч т о ее накажут,
ished.
It's no use trying to persuade Нет смысла пытаться переубе
T h e children were excited about Д е т и б ы л и в з в о л н о в а н н ы по me. You won't succeed. д и т ь меня. Вам это не удастся.
going to the circus. поводу п р е д с т о я щ е г о похо
There was no point in waiting, Не б ы л о с м ы с л а ждать, и мы
да в ц и р к .
so we went. ушли.
She was (not) pleased at my О н а б ы л а н е д о в о л ь н а тем, ч т о
You should go and see t h e Тебе следует сходить п о с м о т р е т ь
coming. я пришел.
film. It's really worth see э т о т ф и л ь м . О н с т о и т того,
4. с п р е д л о г а м и : on (upon) no, после, after после, before перед, in ing. ч т о б ы его п о с м о т р е т ь .
в то время как, при д л я в ы р а ж е н и я в р е м е н и , с п р е д л о г о м by пу Did you have any difficulty У вас б ы л и трудности с получе
тем, при помощи (на в о п р о с каким образом? чем?) д л я в ы р а ж е н и я (in) getting a visa? н и е м визы?
It's a waste of money buying Б е с с м ы с л е н н а я трата денег по forget to do настоящее или будущее действие
things you don't need. к у п а т ь в е щ и , которые вам не D o n ' t forget to feed the cat. He забудь н а к о р м и т ь кота.
нужны.
How often do you go swim К а к часто т ы х о д и ш ь купаться? to regret doing сожалеть о сделанном
ming?
1 regret telling her the t r u t h . М н е ж а л ь , ч т о я с к а з а л ей
I'm used to living in a small Я привык жить в маленькой
правду.
flat. квартире.
to regret to do сожалеть, что приходится делать

§ 4 6 . Герундий или инфинитив?
I regret to tell you that this is t h e М н е ж а л ь вам э т о говорить,
П о с л е г л а г о л о в to begin, to start, to continue, to like, to love, to truth. н о э т о правда.
hate, to prefer, to intend у п о т р е б л я е т с я к а к г е р у н д и й , т а к и и н ф и
н и т и в без особой р а з н и ц ы в значении: to try doing способ совершения действия
Не began looking/to look for а Он начал и с к а т ь работу ш е с т ь J o h n isn't here. Try p h o n i n g his Д ж о н а здесь нет. П о п р о б у й
job six m o n t h s ago. месяцев н а з а д . p h o n e number. ему п о з в о н и т ь .
She prefers working/to work at О н а п р е д п о ч и т а е т работать н о -

try to do усилия, потраченные на действие
night. чью.
I like (=enjoy) s w i m m i n g . Я л ю б л ю плавать, (вообще) I tried to phone h i m several Я п ы т а л с я д о з в о н и т ь с я до н е -
I like ( = t h i n k it's a good idea) Я л ю б л ю (т.к. с ч и т а ю п р а в и л ь - times, but he wasn't in. го н е с к о л ь к о р а з , но его не
t o c o m e o n time. ным) приходить вовремя. б ы л о дома.
Употребление герундия и л и и н ф и н и т и в а после некоторых to mean doing означать

глаголов меняет смысл п р е д л о ж е н и я :
T h e new order m e a n s working Н о в ы й п р и к а з означает
to stop doing перестать делать что-л. overtime. с в е р х у р о ч н у ю работу.
They stopped talking. О н и п е р е с т а л и разговаривать.
to mean to do намереваться сделать что-л.
to stop to do прекратить какое-л. действие для определенной
He m e a n s to work overtime. Он с о б и р а е т с я работать
цели сверхурочно.
They stopped to talk. О н и о с т а н о в и л и с ь , ч т о б ы по
to go on doing продолжать делать что-л.
говорить.
She had a sandwich a n d then О н а съела бутерброд, а затем
to remember doing прошлое действие went on translating the article. продолжила переводить
I remember speaking to h i m . П о м н и т с я , я с н и м разговари статью.
вал.
to go on to do сделать что-л. после завершения чего-л.
to remember to do настоящее или будущее действие
She h a n d e d us o u r tests a n d went О н а р а з д а л а н а ш и тесты, а
R e m e m b e r to speak to h i m . He забудь с н и м п о г о в о р и т ь . on to explain what we had to затем о б ъ я с н и л а , ч т о н а м
do. предстоит сделать.
to forget doing прошлое действие
to be afraid of doing опасение
I'll never forget flying for the Н и к о г д а не забуду, к а к я в п е р -
first time. вые летал на самолете. She is afraid of falling. О н а б о и т с я к а к бы не упасть.
to be afraid to do нерешительность Учащиеся часто о ш и б о ч н о употребляют после герундия от

п е р е х о д н ы х глаголов в м е с т о п р я м о г о д о п о л н е н и я , т.е. в м е с т о су
He was afraid to say a word. Он не р е ш а л с я с к а з а т ь и слова.
щ е с т в и т е л ь н о г о без предлога, с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о е с п р е д л о г о м of.
to be sorry for doing сожалеть о сделанном Следует и м е т ь в виду, ч т о г е р у н д и й я в л я е т с я ф о р м о й глагола
и п о т о м у требует т а к о г о же д о п о л н е н и я , к а к и глагол в л и ч н о й
We are sorry for keeping you С о ж а л е е м , что з а с т а в и л и вас форме:
waiting. ждать. T h e y loaded t h e ship.
T h e y s t a r t e d loading t h e ship, (а не: loading of t h e ship)
to be sorry to do сожалеть о том, что предстоит сделать
I read English books.
I'm sorry to say this, but your С о ж а л е ю о том, ч т о приходится I like reading English books, (а не: reading of English books)
work is unsatisfactory. э т о говорить, но в а ш а работа
неудовлетворительна.
§ 48. М о д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы will и would ( H a b i t s )
П о с л е г л а г о л о в advise, allow, encourage, permit, recommend
у п о т р е б л я е т с я г е р у н д и й , н о е с л и п о с л е э т и х глаголов следует до М о д а л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы will и would у п о т р е б л я ю т с я со в с е м и ли
п о л н е н и е и л и о н и с т о я т в ф о р м е Passive, т о у п о т р е б л я е т с я ин ц а м и е д и н с т в е н н о г о и м н о ж е с т в е н н о г о ч и с л а д л я в ы р а ж е н и я по
в т о р я ю щ е г о с я д е й с т в и я и л и х а р а к т е р н ы х п р и в ы ч е к (habits).
финитив:
Д л я в ы р а ж е н и я п о с т о я н н о п о в т о р я ю щ е г о с я д е й с т в и я в на
She doesn't allow smoking. О н а не р а з р е ш а е т курить. с т о я щ е м у п о т р е б л я е т с я г л а г о л will со з н а ч е н и е м обычно:
She doesn't allow t h e m to О н а не р а з р е ш а е т им курить,
D a n n y will sit and look at t h e Д э н н и обычно сидит и часами
smoke.
sea for hours. с м о т р и т на море.
They aren't allowed to smoke. Им не р а з р е ш а е т с я курить.
Глагол would п о к а з ы в а е т о б ы ч н о с т ь , п о в т о р я е м о с т ь д е й с т в и я
в п р о ш л о м и п е р е в о д и т с я на р у с с к и й я з ы к к а к бывало, часто:
§ 47. О т л и ч и е г е р у н д и я
от отглагольного существительного My g r a n d m a would always М о я бабушка, б ы в а л о , всегда
bring me a little present п р и н о с и л а мне м а л е н ь к и й
О т Simple G e r u n d Active следует о т л и ч а т ь о т г л а г о л ь н о е суще when she c a m e to visit. подарок, когда она н а в е щ а л а
с т в и т е л ь н о е , к о т о р о е т а к ж е о к а н ч и в а е т с я на -ing. В о т л и ч и е от нас.
г е р у н д и я , о т г л а г о л ь н о е с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о е о б л а д а е т т о л ь к о свой
с т в а м и существительного и употребляется с артиклем, может
U N I T 29
и м е т ь ф о р м у м н о ж е с т в е н н о г о ч и с л а и м о ж е т о п р е д е л я т ь с я при
лагательным: § 49. П р и ч а с т и е ( T h e P a r t i c i p l e )
Не took part in the sittings of Он п р и н и м а л участие в заседа- П р и ч а с т и е — э т о н е л и ч н а я ф о р м а глагола, с о ч е т а ю щ а я свой

the c o m m i t t e e . н и я х комитета. с т в а глагола, п р и л а г а т е л ь н о г о и н а р е ч и я . В а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е
I was awakened by their loud Я был разбужен их г р о м к и м р а з л и ч а ю т д в а п р и ч а с т и я : Participle I и Participle I I . Participle
talking. разговором. I с о о т в е т с т в у е т р у с с к о м у п р и ч а с т и ю с с у ф ф и к с а м и -ущ, -ющ,
-ащ, -ящ (asking спрашивающий, writing пишущий), а т а к ж е дее
Н е о б л а д а я г л а г о л ь н ы м и с в о й с т в а м и , о т г л а г о л ь н о е суще
п р и ч а с т и ю н е с о в е р ш е н н о г о в и д а с с у ф ф и к с а м и -а, -я (going идя,
с т в и т е л ь н о е , в о т л и ч и е от г е р у н д и я , не и м е е т ф о р м в р е м е н и и
crying плача) и л и с о в е р ш е н н о г о в и д а с с у ф ф и к с о м -в (seeing уви
н е в ы р а ж а е т залога. В о т л и ч и е о т г е р у н д и я , п о с л е о т г л а г о л ь н ы х
дев). Participle II я в л я е т с я с т р а д а т е л ь н ы м п р и ч а с т и е м п р о ш е д ш е
существительных не может стоять прямое дополнение:
го в р е м е н и (a forgotten song забытая песня). Participle I, к а к и н ф и
They started the loading of the О н и п р и с т у п и л и к погрузке т о - н и т и в и герундий, может иметь ф о р м ы относительного времени
ship. вара на судно. и залога.
496 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II П . Г р а м м а т и ч е с к и й справочник 497
Переходные глаголы All books taken from the li- Все к н и г и , в з я т ы е в б и б л и о т е к е

Формы причастия Active Passive brary (=which have been (= которые в з я т ы в б и б л и о -
Present Participle (Participle 1) writing being written taken from the library) теке), д о л ж н ы б ы т ь возвра-
having been writ must be returned next week. щ е н ы на следующей неделе.
Perfect Participle having written
ten
Participle I не у п о т р е б л я е т с я в ф у н к ц и и о п р е д е л е н и я д л я вы
Past Participle (Participle II) — written
ражения предшествующего действия по о т н о ш е н и ю к действию,
Непереходные глаголы выраженному глаголом-сказуемым. П о э т о м у русское причастие
п р о ш е д ш е г о в р е м е н и д е й с т в и т е л ь н о г о залога п е р е в о д и т с я н а ан
Формы причастия Active
глийский язык определительным придаточным предложением:
Present Participle (Participle I) coming
Perfect Participle having come М а л ь ч и к , б р о с и в ш и й к а м е н ь T h e boy who had t h r o w n a stone
come в собаку, был н а к а з а н at the dog was punished by his
Past Participle (Participle II)
отцом. father.
Примечания: 1. У непереходных глаголов не имеется форм в Passive
Voice. 2. Предикативный член (именная часть составного сказуемого)
2. Форма Past Participle Active непереходных глаголов (например, T h e news was exciting. Новость была захватывающей.
come) употребляется только для образования времен группы Perfect (he
T h e story was amusing. Р а с с к а з был с м е ш н ы м .
has come).
She was disappointed. Она была разочарована.
Функции причастий в предложении
3. Обстоятельство
П р и ч а с т и е у п о т р е б л я е т с я в п р е д л о ж е н и и в с л е д у ю щ и х функ
а) времени
циях:
Having done my homework Выполнив домашнее задание, я
1. Определение I went to see Tom. п о ш е л н а в е с т и т ь Тома.
а) перед существительным (While, when) unloading the Р а з г р у ж а я судно (= В то в р е м я
Не answered t h r o u g h t h e Он ответил сквозь закрытую ship (= While we were u n - к а к мы р а з г р у ж а л и судно),
дверь. loading the ship) we found мы о б н а р у ж и л и н е с к о л ь к о
locked door.
a few broken cases. поломанных ящиков.
She took away the broken cup. О н а унесла р а з б и т у ю чашку.
T h e rising sun was h i d d e n by Восходящее с о л н ц е б ы л о закры Примечание. Следует иметь в виду, что Present Participle от глаголов
the clouds. то тучами. to see, to hear, to come, to arrive, to enter и др. может выражать действие,
She put the sleeping child on Она положила спящего ребенка предшествующее действию, выраженному глаголом-сказуемым:
t h e sofa. на диван.
Arriving at the station (= Приехав н а в о к з а л ( = Когда м ы
б) после существительного (в этом случае группа причастия
W h e n we arrived at t h e sta п р и е х а л и на вокзал), мы по
э к в и в а л е н т н а русскому причастному обороту и л и придаточному
tion) we called a porter. звали носильщика.
определительному предложению)
Receiving the telegram (= П о л у ч и в т е л е г р а м м у ( = Когда
The m a n smoking a cigarette Человек, к у р я щ и й п а п и р о с у ( = W h e n he received the tele о н п о л у ч и л телеграмму), о н
(who is smoking a ciga который курит папиросу), — gram) he rang the director. п о з в о н и л директору.
rette) is my brother. мой брат. Asked (= When he was asked) Когда его с п р о с и л и , н а м е р е н
T h e large building being built Большое здание, строящееся на whether he intended to re л и о н скоро в о з в р а т и т ь с я , о н
in our street ( = w h i c h is be н а ш е й улице (которое стро t u r n soon, he replied that о т в е т и л , ч т о будет отсутство
ing built in our street) is a ится на н а ш е й улице), — но he would be away for about вать около трех месяцев.
new school. вая ш к о л а . three m o n t h s .
б) причины 4. Часть сложного дополнения

Knowing English well (= As Зная хорошо английский язык П о д о б н о и н ф и н и т и в у , п р и ч а с т и е н а с т о я щ е г о в р е м е н и — Pre
he knew English well), he (= Так к а к он хорошо з н а л sent Participle — входит в с о с т а в с л о ж н о г о д о п о л н е н и я п о с л е гла
translated the article with а н г л и й с к и й я з ы к ) , он пере голов: s e e , hear, feel, notice, watch, listen to и др.:
out a dictionary. вел статью без словаря.
I watched the children playing Я н а б л ю д а л , к а к дети и г р а ю т во
Having lived in Moscow for П р о ж и в в М о с к в е м н о г о лет (= in the yard. дворе.
m a n y years (= As he had Т а к к а к он п р о ж и л в М о с к в е
lived in Moscow for m a n y м н о г о лет), он з н а л этот го П р и ч а с т и е п р о ш е д ш е г о в р е м е н и — Past Participle — т а к ж е
years), he knew the city род о ч е н ь хорошо. у п о т р е б л я е т с я в с л о ж н о м д о п о л н е н и и , п р е и м у щ е с т в е н н о в кон
very well. с т р у к ц и я х с г л а г о л о м have + прямое дополнение + причастие про
Packed in strong cases (= As Упакованные в крепкие я щ и к и шедшего времени. К о н с т р у к ц и я э т а о з н а ч а е т , ч т о с о в е р ш а е т дей
the goods were packed in ( = Т а к к а к т о в а р ы б ы л и упа ствие не л и ц о , выраженное подлежащим, а кто-то другой:
strong cases), the goods кованы в крепкие я щ и к и ) ,
arrived in good condition. товары п р и б ы л и в хорошем I shall have my photo taken. Я с ф о т о г р а ф и р у ю с ь ( к т о - т о ме
состоянии. н я сфотографирует).
Packed in strong cases... = Being packed in strong cases... I had my hair cut. Я подстригся (меня подстригли).
I saw the letters mailed. Я видел, к а к о т п р а в л я л и пись
О т р и ц а т е л ь н а я ч а с т и ц а not с т а в и т с я перед п р и ч а с т и е м : ма.
Не felt the chair broken. Он п о ч у в с т в о в а л , что стул сло
N o t u n d e r s t a n d i n g the rule (= He понимая этого правила (=
ман.
As she didn't u n d e r s t a n d Т а к к а к она н е п о н и м а л а
t h e rule), she asked the этого п р а в и л а ) , о н а попроси
teacher to explain it to her ла преподавателя объяснить U N I T 30
once more. его ей еще раз.
§ 50. Сослагательное наклонение в дополнительных
N o t having seen her for many Не видев ее м н о г о лет, он не
years (= As he had not seen узнал ее сначала. п р и д а т о ч н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х п о с л е Iwish..., If only...
her for many years), he did
Ф о р м ы с о с л а г а т е л ь н о г о н а к л о н е н и я у п о т р е б л я ю т с я и в до
not recognize her at first.
п о л н и т е л ь н ы х п р и д а т о ч н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х , з а в и с я щ и х о т глаго
ла wish. В э т о м с л у ч а е д е й с т в и е п р и д а т о ч н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я пред
в) образа действия или сопутствующих обстоятельств
с т а в л я е т с я н е р е а л ь н ы м и в з а в и с и м о с т и от того, к а к о н о соотно
Не stood leaning against the Он с т о я л , п р и с л о н и в ш и с ь к с и т с я с д е й с т в и е м г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я , о н о будет в ы р а ж а т ь с я
wall. стене. следующими формами:
He ran up to me breathing Он подбежал ко м н е , т я ж е л о 1) е с л и д е й с т в и е п р и д а т о ч н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я о д н о в р е м е н н о с
heavily. дыша. д е й с т в и е м г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я , т о у п о т р е б л я е т с я ф о р м а were
Не sat in the a r m c h a i r reading Он сидел в кресле, ч и т а я газету, и л и Past Simple/Past C o n t i n u o u s :
a newspaper.
I wish(ed) he were with us. М н е (было) ж а л ь , ч т о его нет с
Примечания: 1. Следует отметить, что Participle I Perfect в н а м и . (Я хотел бы, чтобы он
б ы л с нами.)
ф у н к ц и и обстоятельства свойствен к н и ж н о м у языку; в разговорной
I wish(ed) you wore a w a r m К а к ж а л ь ( к а к б ы л о жаль), что
речи в таких случаях употребляются соответствующие придаточные
coat. ты не в т е п л о м пальто.
предложения.
I wish it were not raining now. Ж а л ь , ч т о сейчас идет дождь.
2. К а к видно из приведенных выше примеров, Participle может
переводиться на русский язык причастием, деепричастием и прида 2) е с л и действие п р и д а т о ч н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я предшествует дей
точным предложением. с т в и ю главного п р е д л о ж е н и я , то у п о т р е б л я е т с я ф о р м а Past Perfect:
I wish(ed) you had brought your М н е (было) ж а л ь , ч т о ты не н е н и е и в з а в и с и м о с т и от т о г о , к а к д е й с т в и е п р и д а т о ч н о г о пред

camera. п р и н е с свой ф о т о а п п а р а т . л о ж е н и я с о о т н о с и т с я с д е й с т в и е м главного п р е д л о ж е н и я , в при
( К а к м н е хотелось тогда, даточном предложении употребляются следующие формы:
ч т о б ы т ы п р и н е с свой а) если действие придаточного предложения одновременно
фотоаппарат.) с д е й с т в и е м г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я , то о н о в ы р а ж а е т с я в ф о р м е
Past Simple и л и Past C o n t i n u o u s и л и ф о р м о й were, к о т о р а я ч а с т о
3) е с л и д е й с т в и е п р и д а т о ч н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я следует за дей з а м е н я е т с я ф о р м о й was в с о в р е м е н н о м а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е :
с т в и е м г л а в н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я , т о у п о т р е б л я ю т с я м о д а л ь н ы е гла
T h e house is (was) so quiet as if В доме (было) т а к тихо, к а к
г о л ы would и could: будто в нем н и к о г о нет.
there were (was) nobody in it.
I wish(ed) he would tell me ev Я бы хотел ( к а к м н е хотелось They speak (spoke) of her as О н и говорят (говорили) о ней,
erything. тогда), чтобы он м н е все though she did not exist. к а к будто (словно) о н а не
рассказал. существует.
I wish(ed) he could c o m e to the М н е бы хотелось ( к а к мне Her eyes are (were) sparkling as Ее глаза сверкают (сверкали),
party. хотелось тогда), чтобы он though she were (was) laugh к а к будто (словно) она сме
п р и ш е л на вечер. ( М н е ing at us. ется (смеялась) над н а м и .
б ы л о ж а л ь , ч т о он не смо
жет п р и й т и на вечер.) б) если действие придаточного предложения предшествует
д е й с т в и ю главного п р е д л о ж е н и я , т о о н о в ы р а ж а е т с я в ф о р м е Past
С о с л а г а т е л ь н о е н а к л о н е н и е у п о т р е б л я е т с я т а к ж е в воскли Perfect и л и Past Perfect C o n t i n u o u s :
ц а т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х с oh, if only..., в ы р а ж а ю щ и х невыпол
O u r life goes on (went on) as if Наша жизнь продолжается
н и м о е ж е л а н и е . В э т о м с л у ч а е у п о т р е б л я е т с я Past Simple и л и nothing had happened. (продолжалась), словно
ф о р м а were, е с л и д е й с т в и е о т н о с и т с я к н а с т о я щ е м у в р е м е н и ; Past н и ч е г о не с л у ч и л о с ь .
Perfect, если действие относится к прошлому, и could/would + She is (was) breathing deep as Она тяжело д ы ш и т (дышала),
инфинитив, е с л и д е й с т в и е о т н о с и т с я к будущему: t h o u g h she had been r u n n i n g . к а к будто она бегала перед
Oh, if only Father were at h o m e ! Ax, если бы отец был дома! этим.
O h , if only I knew what to do! О, если бы я з н а л , ч т о м н е
в) е с л и д е й с т в и е п р и д а т о ч н о г о п р е д л о ж е н и я следует за дей
делать!
ствием главного предложения, то оно выражается сочетанием
O h , if only he had listened to me! Е с л и бы он т о л ь к о м е н я по
would с и н ф и н и т и в о м :
слушал!
O h , if only I h a d n ' t missed my Е с л и бы я т о л ь к о не опоздал Не moved towards me as t h o u g h Он д в и н у л с я на м е н я , к а к будто
train! на поезд! he would strike me. хотел ударить.
O h , if only it would stop raining! Ах, если бы д о ж д ь прекра
тился! U N I T 32
If only their life could always be О, если бы их ж и з н ь всегда
§ 5 2 . П е р ф е к т н ы е ф о р м ы модальных глаголов
like that! была такой!
( M o d a l Verbs with P e r f e c t Infinitive)
1. May/Might/Could + perfect infinitive в ы р а ж а ю т п р е д п о л о ж е

§ 51. Сослагательное наклонение в придаточных
ние о возможности совершения действия в прошлом:
с р а в н е н и я с с о ю з а м и as if (as though)
Не may/might/could have al- О н , в о з м о ж н о , договорился о
С о с л а г а т е л ь н о е н а к л о н е н и е у п о т р е б л я е т с я т а к ж е в придаточ ready m a d e an a p p o i n t m e n t встрече с г-ном С м и т о м ,
н ы х с р а в н е н и я , в в о д и м ы х с о ю з а м и as if и л и as though. В э т о м with Mr Smith. Не said he Он с к а з а л , ч т о он э т о сде-
случае в придаточном предложении содержится нереальное срав- would. лает.
К а к известно, в этом значении в отрицательных предложени

I'm nearly sure he didn't recognize me
я х could н е у п о т р е б л я е т с я . У п о т р е б л я ю т с я л и ш ь ф о р м ы may not О н , д о л ж н о быть,
then.
и might not ( н о не could not): не узнал меня
He probably didn't recognize me t h e n .
тогда.
She may/might not have met В о з м о ж н о , о н а не встречалась I don't t h i n k he recognized me t h e n .
h i m before, she may/might/ с н и м р а н ь ш е , она, может He must have misunderstood me.
could only have seen his быть, видела т о л ь к о его ф о - О н , д о л ж н о быть,
He must have failed to u n d e r s t a n d m e .
picture in the newspaper. т о г р а ф и ю в газете. не понял меня.
Probably he didn't understand m e .
Ребенок, д о л ж н о T h e child is probably not asleep.
2. Could/Might + perfect infinitive у к а з ы в а ю т на т о , ч т о д а н н о е
быть, уже не T h e child must have woken up.
действие могло бы п р о и з о й т и , но не п р о и з о ш л о в п р о ш л о м :
спит. T h e child must be awake already.
You could/might have missed Ты мог о п о з д а т ь на поезд. Тебе
t h e train. It's lucky that повезло, ч т о э т о г о не с л у ч и - Глагол must в э т о м з н а ч е н и и не у п о т р е б л я е т с я , е с л и предпо
you didn't. лось. л а г а е м о е д е й с т в и е о т н о с и т с я к б у д у щ е м у в р е м е н и . В т а к и х слу
ч а я х и с п о л ь з у ю т с я м о д а л ь н ы е с л о в а probably вероятно, evidently
3 . Could/Might в ы р а ж а ю т у п р е к п о п о в о д у т о г о , ч т о д е й с т в и е очевидно, (be) likely по-видимому, вероятно, to be unlikely вероятно
не было совершено: не, вряд ли и д р у г и е л е к с и ч е с к и е средства:
You could/might have called Ты мог бы н а в е с т и т ь м е н я на They will probably c o m e t o - О н и , в е р о я т н о , приедут завтра,
on me last week. You knew п р о ш л о й неделе. Ты з н а л , morrow.
I was ill. что я болен.
It is likely to rain towards eve- К вечеру, в е р о я т н о , пойдет
4. Can/Could + perfect infinitive в о т р и ц а т е л ь н ы х и в о п р о с и ning. дождь.
т е л ь н ы х п р е д л о ж е н и я х в ы р а ж а ю т с о м н е н и е и л и у д и в л е н и е в от Не is unlikely to c o m e . Он вряд ли п р и д е т (по всей ве

р о я т н о с т и , не придет).
ношении возможности совершения действия в прошлом:
They c a n ' t / c o u l d n ' t have c o m - He может быть, ч т о б ы о н и за- 6. Should/Ought to + perfect infinitive п е р е д а ю т п о р и ц а н и е (criti
pleted the work. They had к о н ч и л и работу. У н и х б ы л о cism) и л и у п р е к (reproach) п о п о в о д у д е й с т в и я , к о т о р о е б ы л о со
so little time. т а к мало в р е м е н и . вершено или не совершено:
C a n / C o u l d they have c o m - Н е у ж е л и о н и з а к о н ч и л и ра-
You should have listened to Тебе следовало п р и с л у ш а т ь с я к
pleted the work? They had боту? У н и х б ы л о т а к м а л о
my advice. м о е м у совету.
so little time. времени.
You shouldn't have read the Вы не д о л ж н ы б ы л и ч и т а т ь
5. Must + perfect infinitive выражает предположение, грани letter. письмо.
ч а щ е е с у в е р е н н о с т ь ю , о т о м , ч т о д е й с т в и е с о в е р ш и л о с ь в про I ought to have told h i m about М н е следовало бы с к а з а т ь ему
шлом: it. об э т о м .
I ought not to have said it. М н е не следовало этого гово
T h e light is on in her r o o m . У нее в к о м н а т е свет. О н а ,
рить.
She must have c o m e . д о л ж н о быть, п р и ш л а .
T h e streets are wet. It must На у л и ц а х с ы р о . Д о л ж н о б ы т ь , 7. Should/Ought to + perfect infinitive в ы р а ж а ю т п р е д п о л о ж е н и е ,
have been raining all night. всю н о ч ь шел д о ж д ь . о т н о с я щ е е с я к п р о ш л о м у . О д н а к о г о в о р я щ и й не знает, и м е л о ме
сто предполагаемое действие и л и нет:
М о д а л ь н ы й глагол must в з н а ч е н и и п р е д п о л о ж е н и я употре
бляется только в утвердительных предложениях. Д л я передачи T h e parcel I sent you should П о с ы л к а , к о т о р у ю я послала
предположения в отрицательных предложениях используются have arrived by now. тебе, д о л ж н а б ы л а к э т о м у
д р у г и е средства (в т о м ч и с л е и л е к с и ч е с к и е ) : времени прибыть.
8. Needn't + perfect infinitive п о к а з ы в а е т , что было совершено

ненужное действие:
You n e e d n ' t have gone there. Вам не н а д о б ы л о туда ходить

(но вы сходили).
I I I . Поурочный словарь
С р а в н и т е с didn't have to/didn't need to:
Units 1 - 2
I didn't have (didn't need) to М н е не н а д о б ы л о туда ходить
go there. (я и не ходил). bang [Ьазп] v 1. с т у к н у т ь ( с я ) 2. с ш у м о м з а х л о п н у т ь с я (о двери);
T h e d o o r b a n g e d after h i m .
9. Be to + perfect infinitive в ы р а ж а е т д е й с т в и е , к о т о р о е д о л ж н о be on и д т и (о спектакле, фильме); д е м о н с т р и р о в а т ь с я ; T h e r e is а
было произойти в прошлом, но не произошло: good film on at o u r club,
bone [Ьэип] n к о с т ь
She was to have met me at the О н а д о л ж н а б ы л а в с т р е т и т ь ме-
brave [breiv] а с м е л ы й , х р а б р ы й
station. н я н а с т а н ц и и (но н е встре
burn [Ьз:п] v ( b u r n t ) 1. ж е ч ь , с ж и г а т ь ; to b u r n one's h a n d , to b u r n a
тила).
c a n d l e (a letter) 2. г о р е т ь ; D r y w o o d b u r n s well.
Ф о р м а was/were to в с о ч е т а н и и с н е п е р ф е к т н ы м и н ф и н и т и confident ['konfidant] а у в е р е н н ы й ; confident of victory (of success)
в о м в ы р а ж а е т д е й с т в и е , к о т о р о е д о л ж н о б ы л о п р о и з о й т и в про у в е р е н н ы й в п о б е д е (в успехе)
ш л о м , н о о н а н е у к а з ы в а е т , в ы п о л н е н о б ы л о д е й с т в и е и л и нет: elbow ['elbsu] п л о к о т ь
extraordinary [ik'stro:dnn] а н е о б ы ч а й н ы й , у д и в и т е л ь н ы й
T h e conference was t o begin К о н ф е р е н ц и я д о л ж н а б ы л а на- finger ['finga] п п а л е ц
last Tuesday. чаться в п р о ш л ы й в т о р н и к .
notice ['nautis] v з а м е ч а т ь , у в и д е т ь ; D i d n ' t you notice t h e letter in
t h e box?
Ф о р м ы и н ф и н и т и в а после модальных глаголов употребляют
pirate fpairat] n п и р а т
с я п о о б щ и м п р а в и л а м . П р о и л л ю с т р и р у е м э т о н а п р и м е р е гла
prawn [pram] n к р е в е т к а ; p r a w n c u r r y т у ш е н о е м я с о , п р и п р а в л е н
г о л а should:
н о е соусом и з к р е в е т о к
You should see the s w i m m i n g Вам следует п о с м о т р е т ь с о р е в - shoot [Ju:t] v (shot) 1. с т р е л я т ь ; 2. кино с н и м а т ь ф и л ь м
events. They will be very н о в а н и я по п л а в а н и ю . О н и shoulder ['/adds] и п л е ч о
interesting. будут о ч е н ь и н т е р е с н ы м и . so far д о , до с и х п о р ; Detectives are so far at a loss to explain t h e
You should be studying now Тебе следует с е й ч а с з а н и м а т ь с я , reason for his death,
instead of watching TV. а не с м о т р е т ь телевизор. throw [0rau] v (threw; t h r o w n ) б р о с а т ь , к и д а т ь ; T h r o w t h e ball to
You should have visited t h e Вам следовало бы п о с е т и т ь вы- me.
exhibition. It was very in- ставку. О н а б ы л а о ч е н ь и н т е - tour [tua] n п у т е ш е с т в и е , т у р н е ; to be on a t o u r п у т е ш е с т в о в а т ь
teresting. ресной. tour [tua] v с о в е р ш а т ь п у т е ш е с т в и е , т у р н е ; to t o u r (all over) t h e world
You shouldn't have been driv- Тебе не следовало ехать т а к бы- с о в е р ш а т ь к р у г о с в е т н о е п у т е ш е с т в и е ; t o t o u r i n (through, about)
a c o u n t r y (a district) с о в е р ш а т ь п о е з д к у по с т р а н е (по р а й о н у )
ing so fast. стро.
They should be taught a les- Их следует п р о у ч и т ь .
son. Unit3
These old newspapers should Э т и старые газеты следовало
have been t h r o w n away давно выбросить, accept [ak'sept] v п р и н и м а т ь ; to accept a present (an invitation, an
long ago. offer)
admit [ad'mit] v п р и з н а в а т ь , д о п у с к а т ь ; You m u s t a d m i t t h a t he is
right.
amuse [a'mju:z] v з а б а в л я т ь , р а з в л е к а т ь ; to a m u s e smb. with jokes
(stories)
506 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I I I . П о у р о ч н ы й словарь 507
bite [ b a i t ] v (bit; bitten) кусать(ся); T h i s dog d o e s n ' t bite. provide [pra'vaid] v 1. (with) с н а б ж а т ь , о б е с п е ч и в а т ь ; to provide smb.
cabin ['kasbin] n 1. х и ж и н а 2. н е б о л ь ш о й д о м и к , к о т т е д ж 3. к а ю т а with m o n e y с н а б ж а т ь кого-л. д е н ь г а м и 2. (for) о б е с п е ч и в а т ь
consult [ k a n ' s A l t ] v с о в е т о в а т ь с я ; to consult a lawyer (one's friend) (средствами к существованию); to provide for a large family обе
п о с о в е т о в а т ь с я с ю р и с т о м (со с в о и м д р у г о м ) с п е ч и в а т ь (содержать) б о л ь ш у ю с е м ь ю
dead [ded] а м е р т в ы й , у м е р ш и й put up ['put'Ap] phr v 1. (at) о с т а н а в л и в а т ь с я (в гостинице и т.п.); to
delighted [ d i ' l a i t i d ] а в о с х и щ е н н ы й , о ч а р о в а н н ы й , д о в о л ь н ы й , put up at a hotel (at some friends', at smb.'s place) 2. д а в а т ь при
р а д о с т н ы й ; Не was delighted to see her. I was delighted at t h e ют, п р и н и м а т ь (гостей); I c a n put you up for t h e night.
news. rate [reit] n ц е н а , т а р и ф , р а с ц е н к а
do up ['dir.'Ap] phr v ч и н и т ь , р е м о н т и р о в а т ь ; to do t h e house up от sincere [sm'sia] a 1. и с к р е н н и й , н е п о д д е л ь н ы й ; sincere a d m i r e r ис
ремонтировать дом к р е н н и й почитатель 2. истинный, подлинный, настоящий;
drown [draun] v 1. т о н у т ь 2. т о п и т ь ; to be d r o w n e d у т о н у т ь sincere friend и с т и н н ы й ( н а с т о я щ и й ) друг
elephant ['elifant] зоол. с л о н sincerely adv и с к р е н н е , н е п о д д е л ь н о ; yours sincerely и с к р е н н е В а ш
enlarge [т'1а:с(з] v у в е л и ч и в а т ь , р а с ш и р я т ь ; R e a d i n g will enlarge (в конце письма)
your vocabulary, skin diving ['skindaivirj] п п о д в о д н о е п л а в а н и е с а к в а л а н г о м
figure [ ' f i g a ] n 1. ц и ф р а 2. ф и г у р а , в н е ш н и й в и д spare [spea] v и м е т ь в и з л и ш к е ; I have no cash to spare. У м е н я н е т
get on [ ' g e t ' D n ] phr v ж и т ь , п о ж и в а т ь , о б х о д и т ь с я ; H o w is he getting л и ш н и х денег. I have по t i m e to spare today. У м е н я с е г о д н я нет
on? К а к о н п о ж и в а е т ? (свободного) в р е м е н и .
hardship ['ha.dfip] n т р у д н о с т ь , л и ш е н и е , н у ж д а ; to bear, to suffer well off [.wel'of] а с о с т о я т е л ь н ы й , з а ж и т о ч н ы й ; Не is quite well off.
many hardships О н д о с т а т о ч н о богат.
hard up [ ' h a : d 4 p ] а и с п ы т ы в а ю щ и й д е н е ж н ы е з а т р у д н е н и я , в стес wild [waild] а д и к и й ; wild a n i m a l s
н е н н ы х о б с т о я т е л ь с т в а х , без денег; I ' m hard u p a t t h e m o m e n t . windsurfing [ ' w m d s 3 : f i n ] n спорт, в и н д с ё р ф и н г
hitch-hike ['hitfhaik] v п у т е ш е с т в о в а т ь б е с п л а т н о на п о п у т н ы х ма
шинах
Units 4—7
include [in'klu:d] v с о д е р ж а т ь в себе, в к л ю ч а т ь ; T h e b o o k includes
essays. antique [asn'ti:k] n а н т и к в а р н а я в е щ ь
journey ['d33:ni] n п о е з д к а , п у т е ш е с т в и е ; a j o u r n e y t o L o n d o n ; t o go apparently [a'paerantli] adv я в н о , о ч е в и д н о ; He apparently likes t h i s
on a j o u r n e y о т п р а в и т ь с я в п у т е ш е с т в и е work.
knee [ni:] n к о л е н о appear [a'pia] v п о я в л я т ь с я , п о к а з ы в а т ь с я ; A ship a p p e a r e d far away;
leisure ['1езз] n досуг, с в о б о д н о е в р е м я ; at leisure на досуге ant. disappear и с ч е з а т ь
look out on (upon, o n t o , i n t o smth.) в ы х о д и т ь , б ы т ь о б р а щ е н н ы м attendant [a'tendant] n 1. с о п р о в о ж д а ю щ е е л и ц о , с п у т н и к 2. обслу
куда-л., в к а к у ю - л . с т о р о н у (на море, на город и т.п.); T h e win живающее лицо, служитель
dows look out on the garden. О к н а в ы х о д я т в сад. breath [breG] п д ы х а н и е , вдох; to be out of b r e a t h з а п ы х а т ь с я , за
look up [Чик'лр] phr v и с к а т ь что-л. (в словаре, справочнике); наво дыхаться
д и т ь с п р а в к и ; C a n you look u p t h e t i m e o f t h e next train? caviar ['kaevia:] n и к р а (пищевой продукт)
offhand [.Df'haend] adv без п о д г о т о в к и , э к с п р о м т о м dashboard ['daefbaid] n тех. щ и т о к у п р а в л е н и я
package holiday (tour) о р г а н и з о в а н н а я т у р и с т и ч е с к а я п о е з д к а ; earth [з:0] эмоц.-усил.; H o w on e a r t h ? К а к и м же о б р а з о м ? W h a t
групповой туризм on earth is the matter? Что же такое случилось? Why on earth?
pavement ['peivmant] п т р о т у а р П о ч е м у же? С к а к о й стати?
permanent ['рзипэпэШ] а п о с т о я н н ы й , н е и з м е н н ы й hate [heit] v н е н а в и д е т ь , не в ы н о с и т ь ; I h a t e being late,
point [ p o : i n t ] v 1. (обыкн. at, to) у к а з ы в а т ь , п о к а з ы в а т ь (пальцем, ру lift [lift] v п о д н и м а т ь ; T h e box is t o o heavy for you to lift,
кой и т.п.; тж. point out); Не p o i n t e d to t h e spot where t h e house melon f'melan] n д ы н я ; watermelon и арбуз
used to stand. 2. у к а з ы в а т ь , о б р а щ а т ь (чье-л.) в н и м а н и е (часто pain [pem] n б о л ь ; to have a p a i n in t h e k n e e ч у в с т в о в а т ь б о л ь в
point out); Не p o i n t e d out t h e dangers of driving alone. I should колене
point out t h a t not o n e of these paintings is original. petrol ['petral] n 1. б е н з и н 2. м о т о р н о е т о п л и в о
proper ['ргорэ] а п р а в и л ь н ы й , н а д л е ж а щ и й , д о л ж н ы й sack [saek] v у в о л ь н я т ь (с работы); She was sacked for refusing to
properly ['propoli] adv д о л ж н ы м о б р а з о м , п р а в и л ь н о ; to speak work on Sundays,
English properly terrific [ta'nfik] a 1. у ж а с а ю щ и й ; terrific explosion (earthquake)
set up ['set4p] phr v о с н о в ы в а т ь , у ч р е ж д а т ь ; to set up a c o m p a n y (a 2 . эмоц.-усил. з а м е ч а т е л ь н ы й ; в о л н у ю щ и й , п о т р я с а ю щ и й ; Н е
business) is a terrific football player,
surround [sa'raund] v о к р у ж а т ь , о б с т у п а т ь ; to s u r r o u n d a town w i t h thrilling ['Onlm] а в о л н у ю щ и й , з а х в а т ы в а ю щ и й ; t h r i l l i n g news;
walls t h r i l l i n g detective story
surrounding [sa'raundin] n pi о к р е с т н о с т и ; T h e h o u s e is in beautiful whereabouts [.weara'bauts] adv где? о к о л о к а к о г о места? в к а к и х
(picturesque, healthy) s u r r o u n d i n g s . Д о м р а с п о л о ж е н в к р а с и в о й к р а я х ? W h e r e a b o u t s did you find it?
(живописной, здоровой) местности.
Conversational Formulas
Surprise
Unit8
Is he? ( H a s he? Do they? etc.) Да? (Разве? Неужели?)
annoy [a'noi] v д о с а ж д а т ь , н а д о е д а т ь , р а з д р а ж а т ь , б е с п о к о и т ь ; to
a n n o y smb.; Не was (felt) a n n o y e d with t h e bad weather. Е м у на Isn't he? ( H a s n ' t he? D o n ' t
д о е л а п л о х а я погода. they? etc.)
comfort [ ' k A t n f s t ] v у с п о к а и в а т ь , у т е ш а т ь ; T h e child r a n t o his moth Really? Да? (Действительно?)
er to be c o m f o r t e d . Is he really ...? ( D o e s he re Он д е й с т в и т е л ь н о ...?
comfort n у т е ш е н и е ally ...?, etc.)
console [kan'saul] v у т е ш а т ь ; to console oneself; C o n s o l e yourself with Do you really m e a n it? Вы д е й с т в и т е л ь н о и м е е т е э т о в
t h e t h o u g h t t h a t you did your best. N o t h i n g c o u l d console h i m виду?
w h e n his wife died. Is that really so? В с а м о м деле? ( Э т о действитель
consolation [.konsa'leijn] n у т е ш е н и е ; Music is his only c o n s o l a t i o n . н о так?)
encourage [т'клпск,] v о б о д р я т ь , в с е л я т ь м у ж е с т в о , н а д е ж д у ; поо Well, that is a surprise! Это поистине неожиданность!
щ р я т ь ; H e r interest i n music should b e e n c o u r a g e d . What a surprise! К а к о й с ю р п р и з ! ( К а к а я неожи
encouragement [ i n ' k A r i d s m a n t ] n о д о б р е н и е ; п о о щ р е н и е ; п о д д е р ж к а данность!)
get over ['get'auvs] phr v 1. п р е о д о л е т ь (трудность, препятствие); Never! Well, I never! Вот те на! Вот т а к к а к ! Ну и ну!
She m a n a g e d to get over t h e first difficulties. 2. о п р а в и т ь с я , вы
N o ! Oh, n o ! Не может быть! Что вы говорите!
з д о р о в е т ь ; п р и й т и в с е б я ; Have you got over t h e shock?
You c a n ' t be serious! Ты, наверное, шутишь.
honour ['опэ] n ч е с т ь , п о ч е т ; in h o n o u r of smb., s m t h . в ч е с т ь кого-л.,
чего-л.; h o n o u r s degree д и п л о м с о т л и ч и е м I d o n ' t believe it! Я не верю этому.
pretty ['pnti] adv д о в о л ь н о , д о с т а т о ч н о ; в з н а ч и т е л ь н о й с т е п е н и ; T h a t ' s incredible! Невероятно!
pretty m u c h о ч е н ь , в з н а ч и т е л ь н о й с т е п е н и ; to feel p r e t t y well My God!
ч у в с т в о в а т ь с е б я в п о л н е п р и л и ч н о ; T h e g a m e was p r e t t y good. Good God!
prevent [pn'vent] v 1. п р е д о т в р а щ а т ь , п р е д у п р е ж д а т ь ; to prevent G o o d Lord!
c r i m e 2. (часто с from) м е ш а т ь , п р е п я т с т в о в а т ь ; My cold pre G o o d gracious! Боже м о й ! Господи, боже м о й !
vents me from going out. G o o d heavens!
propose [ргэ'рэиг] v 1. п р е д л а г а т ь , в н о с и т ь п р е д л о ж е н и е ; to p r o p o s e
Dear me!
a s c h e m e п р е д л о ж и т ь п л а н 2. д е л а т ь п р е д л о ж е н и е (о браке); Не
p r o p o s e d to her.
revise [n'vaiz] v 1. п р о в е р я т ь , и с п р а в л я т ь ; to revise a d o c u m e n t Annoyance
2. п р о с м а т р и в а т ь ; She's revising h e r notes for t h e exams,
Oh, по! Н е может быть!
revision [n'vi3n] n п р о с м о т р , п р о в е р к а ; и с п р а в л е н и е
rumour ['гитаэ] n слух, м о л в а ; T h e r e ' s a r u m o u r ... Г о в о р я т ... How annoying! К а к а я досада!
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I I I . П о у р о ч н ы й словарь 511
510
О ч е н ь д о с а д н о (обидно, жаль)! jury ['chjuori] п п р и с я ж н ы е (заседатели); ж ю р и

It's very annoying!
К а к а я досада! К а к о б и д н о ! К а к lawyer ['Ьпэ] п юрист, а д в о к а т
W h a t a nuisance!
неприятно! lively ['laivli] а ж и в о й , п о л н ы й ж и з н и ; в е с е л ы й , о ж и в л е н н ы й ; a n
intelligent a n d lively y o u n g w o m a n
look round phr v 1. о г л я д ы в а т ь с я к р у г о м ; She looked r o u n d when
Disappointment
she h e a r d t h e noise. 2. о с м о т р е т ь что-л.; Shall we look r o u n d t h e
I was disappointed. Я был р а з о ч а р о в а н . C a t h e d r a l t h i s afternoon?
How disappointing! Какое разочарование! require [ n ' k w a i a ] v н у ж д а т ь с я (в чём-л.), т р е б о в а т ь (чего-л.); T h i s
W h a t a pity! plant requires plenty of water,
show smb. round (= take smb. round) с о п р о в о ж д а т ь к о г о - л . во в р е м я
T h a t ' s a pity.
Обидно! Досадно! о с м о т р а ; п о к а з ы в а т ь кому-л. что-л.; T h e guide showed (took)
W h a t a shame!
t h e tourists r o u n d t h e town,
T h a t ' s a shame.
slight [slait] а с л а б ы й , н е з н а ч и т е л ь н ы й ; н е с е р ь е з н ы й ; a slight cold
T h a t ' s t o o bad! Как жаль! violent [ V a i a b n t ] а н е и с т о в ы й , я р о с т н ы й ; a violent s t o r m
witness ['witnis] n с в и д е т е л ь , о ч е в и д е ц ; t h e witnesses of t h e accident
Sympathy witness v б ы т ь с в и д е т е л е м , о ч е в и д ц е м (чего-л.), в и д е т ь что-л.; to
К а к о й ужас! Ужасно! witness an accident

How awful (terrible, dreadful)!
What a pity! К а к ж а л ь ! ( К а к а я жалость!)
What a shame! It's a (great) (Очень) ж а л ь . U n i t 10
pity.
block [btok] n к в а р т а л ; He lives t h r e e blocks from us. Walk t h r e e
Poor thing! Бедняжка!
blocks.
Poor me! Бедная я, несчастная.
coach [ksutf] n ( т у р и с т и ч е с к и й ) м е ж д у г о р о д н ы й автобус
H a r d (bad) luck! Вам не повезло! destination [.desti'neijh] n м е с т о н а з н а ч е н и я ; to arrive at o n e ' s des
tination
Encouragement, consolation double-decker [ . d A b l ' d e k a ] n д в у х э т а ж н ы й автобус или т р о л л е й б у с
elevated ['eliveitid] а н а д з е м н ы й ; elevated line (road) д о р о г а на эста
C h e e r up! He у н ы в а й т е !
каде
D o n ' t worry (about it). He б е с п о к о й т е с ь (об э т о м ) .
gratitude ['graetitju:d] n б л а г о д а р н о с т ь , п р и з н а т е л ь н о с т ь
Everything will be all right. Все будет в п о р я д к е .
hail [heil] v о к л и к а т ь ; п р и в л е к а т ь в н и м а н и е о к л и к о м ; to hail a taxi
Never m i n d ! Ничего.
о с т а н о в и т ь (подозвать) т а к с и ; He was hailed by a stranger,
Take it easy! Не п р и н и м а й т е э т о б л и з к о к head-quarters [.hed'kwojtaz] n г л а в н о е у п р а в л е н и е , ш т а б - к в а р т и р а
сердцу. luggage ['Ugich,] n б а г а ж
Let's h o p e for the best. Будем надеяться на л у ч ш е е . meter [rniits] n с ч е т ч и к
Forget it! Не д у м а й т е об э т о м . (Забудьте partly ['po:th] adv ч а с т ь ю , ч а с т и ч н о ; partly in writing a n d partly in
об этом.) print ч а с т и ч н о н а п и с а н н ы й от руки, ч а с т и ч н о н а п е ч а т а н н ы й
rack [гагк] п п о л к а , с е т к а д л я в е щ е й (в вагонах, автобусах и т.д.)
Unit 9 rank [raerjk] п с т о я н к а т а к с и
route [ru:t] п м а р ш р у т ; bus route
cane [kern] п т р о с т ь , т р о с т о ч к а sliding ['slaidirj] а с к о л ь з я щ и й , п л а в н о д в и ж у щ и й с я , sliding d o o r
case [keis] п 1. с л у ч а й , о б с т о я т е л ь с т в о ; in t h a t case в т а к о м с л у ч а е задвижная дверь
2. юр. судебное дело subway f ' s A b w e i ] и 1. т о н н е л ь , п о д з е м н ы й ход 2. амер. м е т р о
court [ky.t] п суд token [Чэикэп] я т а л о н , ж е т о н
judge [сЬлсгз] п с у д ь я tube [tju:b] п м е т р о п о л и т е н , м е т р о (в Лондоне)
Unit 11 whistle ['wisl] п свист, с в и с т о к

wind [wamd] v (wound) вертеть, к р у т и т ь , п о в о р а ч и в а т ь ; to wind up
act v д е й с т в о в а т ь , п о с т у п а т ь , в е с т и с е б я ; to act wisely (foolishly) з а в о д и т ь (часы)
в е с т и себя у м н о (глупо)
bitter ['bita] а г о р ь к и й ; bitter taste г о р ь к и й ( п р и ) в к у с Unit 12
bitterly adv 1. горько; Не was bitterly d i s a p p o i n t e d . 2. эмоц.-усил. ashamed [a'Jeimd] а п р и с т ы ж е н н ы й ; to be (to feel) a s h a m e d of s m t h .
с и л ь н о , о ч е н ь ; It was bitterly cold. с т ы д и т ь с я чего-л.
burst [b3:st] v (burst); burst o p e n р а с п а х и в а т ь с я ; T h e d o o r (the win bait [beit] n п р и м а н к а , н а ж и в к а
dow) burst o p e n . Д в е р ь (окно) р а с п а х н у л а с ь ( - о с ь ) . blame [bleim] v о б в и н я т ь , п о р и ц а т ь ; You should b l a m e no one but
dressing gown ['dresirjgaun] n халат yourself for w h a t h a s h a p p e n e d ,
embarrass [im'baeras] v б е с п о к о и т ь , с м у щ а т ь ; п р и в о д и т ь в замеша bream [bri:m] n л е щ
тельство carpentry ['ka:pmtri] n п л о т н и ч ь е дело, п л о т н и ц к и е р а б о т ы
embarrassing [im'baerasirj] а с м у щ а ю щ и й , з а т р у д н и т е л ь н ы й , стес cow [каи] п к о р о в а
н и т е л ь н ы й ; embarrassing questions н е с к р о м н ы е в о п р о с ы ; em dinghy f'dingi] п к о р а б е л ь н а я ш л ю п к а
barrassing situation н е л о в к о е (неудобное) п о л о ж е н и е do good п р и н о с и т ь п о л ь з у ; I ' m sure t h e rest at t h e seaside will do
furious ['fjuanas] а в з б е ш е н н ы й , н е и с т о в ы й ; Не was furious. Он you a lot of good,
был в ярости. hedge [hech,] n ( ж и в а я ) и з г о р о д ь
guard [ga:d] п о х р а н а , с т р а ж а hide [haid] v (hid; h i d d e n ) п р я т а т ь ( с я ) ; She hid t h e d o c u m e n t s in
t h e safe.
intently [m'tentli] adv п р и с т а л ь н о
hit [hit] v (hit) ударять; T h e ball hit t h e dog on t h e head.
lean [li:n] v (leant) 1. н а к л о н я т ь с я , н а г и б а т ь с я 2. о п и р а т ь с я ; to lean
irregular [i'regjula] а н е п р а в и л ь н ы й , не о т в е ч а ю щ и й к а к и м - л . нор
against a wall (a tree) п р и с л о н я т ь с я к стене (к дереву)
м а м , п р а в и л а м ; irregular verbs н е п р а в и л ь н ы е г л а г о л ы
nod [nod] v к и в а т ь г о л о в о й ; She n o d d e d w h e n I asked her t h a t ques
make up one's mind р е ш и т ь с я , п р и н я т ь р е ш е н и е ; She h a s m a d e up
tion.
her m i n d to go to Italy this s u m m e r .
parrot ['paerat] n п о п у г а й meadow ['medau] n луг, л у г о в и н а
remarkable [n'mo:kabl] а з а м е ч а т е л ь н ы й , у д и в и т е л ь н ы й point [paint] n с м ы с л , ц е л ь ; T h e r e is no p o i n t in doing that,
representative [.repn'zentativ] n п р е д с т а в и т е л ь , у п о л н о м о ч е н н ы й ; prize [praiz] n п р и з , н а г р а д а ; to win a prize
representatives of t h e press raise [reiz] v п о д н и м а т ь ; to raise one's h a n d (a flag, a question, wages,
-
reverse [n'v3 .s] v д а в а т ь з а д н и й ход; to reverse a car prices)
run out ['глп'аиг] phr v к о н ч а т ь с я , и с с я к а т ь ; T h e m o n e y is r u n n i n g rescue f'reskju:] v с п а с а т ь , и з б а в л я т ь ; to rescue smb. from d a n g e r
out. Д е н ь г и к о н ч а ю т с я . Your t i m e h a s r u n o u t . В а ш е в р е м я ис rod [rod] n у д о ч к а
текло (вышло). rubber ['глЬэ] n 1. р е з и н а 2. р е з и н к а , л а с т и к
settle (down) ['setl] v п о с е л я т ь с я , о б о с н о в ы в а т ь с я ; to settle d o w n in skirt [sk3:t] n ю б к а
s o m e place (in a t o w n , in a house); He settled d o w n in L o n d o n , striped [straipt] а п о л о с а т ы й , в п о л о с к у
slap [slaep] v ш л е п а т ь , х л о п а т ь ; to slap a n a u g h t y child surface ['s3:fis] n п о в е р х н о с т ь
spectacles ['spektaklz] n о ч к и term [t3:m] n с е м е с т р
sticky ['stiki] а л и п к и й , к л е й к и й thermos ['93:mas] n т е р м о с
thief [0i:f] n (pi thieves) в о р thumb [ 9 л т ] n б о л ь ш о й п а л е ц (руки)
torch [ta:tj] n о с в е т и т е л ь н ы й п р и б о р ; electric t o r c h к а р м а н н ы й фо
нарь Unit 13
turnstile ['t3:nstail] n 1. т у р н и к е т 2. к р е с т о в и н а ahead [a'hed] adv вперед; to plan a h e a d ; Go a h e a d ! П р о д о л ж а й т е !
wave [weiv] v м а х а т ь (рукой, платком); T h e people on t h e bus waved, Действуйте!
a n d we waved back. W h y did you wave at h i m ? call back phr v п о з в о н и т ь по т е л е ф о н у (в ответ на звонок); I'll call
what's up? в ч е м дело? ч т о с л у ч и л о с ь ? you back.; syn. ring back

downtown ['dauntaun] а обыкн. амер. разг. р а с п о л о ж е н н ы й в д е л о в о й hardly ['ho:dli] adv 1. едва; She is hardly twenty. 2. едва ли (вряд л и ) ;
ч а с т и города, в ц е н т р е ; It is hardly possible (right). 3. едва, насилу, еле, с трудом; I could
favour f'feiva] и о д о л ж е н и е , л ю б е з н о с т ь ; Do me a favour, hardly u n d e r s t a n d h i m .
move house п е р е е з ж а т ь , м е н я т ь к в а р т и р у help oneself to у г о щ а т ь с я чём-л., б р а т ь себе (кушанье, напитки);
mind [maind] v в вопросительных или отрицательных предложениях, She helped herself to s o m e grapes. О н а п о л о ж и л а себе на тарел
а также в утвердительном ответе в о з р а ж а т ь , и м е т ь ч т о - л . ку в и н о г р а д а .
п р о т и в ; I f you d o n ' t m i n d . Е с л и в ы н е в о з р а ж а е т е . D o you m i n d instant ['instant] а б ы с т р о р а с т в о р и м ы й ; instant coffee
if I smoke (open t h e window)? Do you m i n d my s m o k i n g (opening magnificent [maeg'nifisant] а в е л и к о л е п н ы й
t h e window)? Would you m i n d my s m o k i n g ( o p e n i n g t h e window)? noodle ['nu:dl] n л а п ш а ; n o o d l e soup
Вы не будете в о з р а ж а т ь , е с л и я з а к у р ю ( о т к р о ю о к н о ) ? N o , presently f'prezantli] adv в с к о р е , тут же
I d o n ' t m i n d (it). Нет, я не в о з р а ж а ю ( н и ч е г о не и м е ю п р о т и в ) . rare [геэ] а н е д о ж а р е н н ы й , п о л у с ы р о й (особ, о мясе)
Yes, I m i n d it (very m u c h ) . Нет, я ( р е ш и т е л ь н о ) в о з р а ж а ю . roast [rausf] v ж а р и т ь , п е ч ь ; to roast m e a t
snack [snask] n л е г к а я з а к у с к а ; to have a snack п е р е к у с и т ь на ходу
overdue [.auvs'dju:] а п р о с р о ч е н н ы й ; an overdue p a y m e n t / l i b r a r y
stand [stasnd] v (stood) в ы н о с и т ь , т е р п е т ь , м и р и т ь с я ; I c a n ' t stand
book
h i m . Я т е р п е т ь его н е могу,
room n место, п р о с т р а н с т в о ; T h e r e is r o o m for one m o r e in t h e car.
submarine [.SAbma'rr.n] п 1. п о д в о д н а я л о д к а 2. м о р с к о е р а с т е н и е
thirst [03:st] n ж а ж д а ; to die of t h i r s t
3. м о р с к о е ж и в о т н о е
thirsty ['03:sti] а и с п ы т ы в а ю щ и й ж а ж д у ; I ' m thirsty. Я хочу п и т ь .
tart [ta:t] и 1. п и р о г (с фруктами) 2. т о р т
tender ['tends] а н е ж н ы й , м я г к и й
U n i t 14 trade [treid] п 1. з а н я т и е , р е м е с л о , п р о ф е с с и я 2. т о р г о в л я
veal [vi:l] п т е л я т и н а
cabbage ['kajbich,] n к а п у с т а к о ч а н н а я ; cabbage soup щи
cauliflower ['koliflaua] n ц в е т н а я к а п у с т а
cereal ['signal] n изделия из д р о б л е н о г о зерна (кукурузные хлопья Unit 15
и т.п.)
announce [a'nauns] v о б ъ я в л я т ь , и з в е щ а т ь , з а я в л я т ь ; to a n n o u n c e
chop [tfop] п о т б и в н а я котлета
a n engagement о б ъ я в и т ь о п о м о л в к е ; T h e d e a n a n n o u n c e d t h e
cider ['saida] и с и д р , я б л о ч н о е в и н о
results of t h e test,
course [ko:s] и блюдо; d i n n e r of four courses обед из ч е т ы р е х б л ю д announcement [a'naunsmant] n с о о б щ е н и е , о б ъ я в л е н и е , и з в е щ е н и е
diet ['daiat] п д и е т а , п и щ е в о й р е ж и м ; to be on a diet с о б л ю д а т ь astonish [ a s ' t D n i J ] v у д и в л я т ь , и з у м л я т ь ; to be astonished at smth.
диету и з у м л я т ь с я ( у д и в л я т ь с я ) чему-л.; I was astonished at t h e news,
disgusting [dis'gAstin] а о т в р а т и т е л ь н ы й , о м е р з и т е л ь н ы й cathedral [кэ'6Ыгэ1] n ц е р к о в н ы й с о б о р , к а ф е д р а л ь н ы й с о б о р
fancy ['faensi] v 1. в о о б р а ж а т ь , п р е д с т а в л я т ь себе; I c a n ' t fancy h i m constable [ ' k A n s t a b l ] n к о н с т е б л ь , п о л и ц е й с к и й
as a soldier! 2. н р а в и т ь с я , л ю б и т ь ; I d o n ' t fancy this place at all. employer [im'ploia] n н а н и м а т е л ь , р а б о т о д а т е л ь , х о з я и н
М н е совсем не нравится это место. improve [ i m ' p r u : v ] v у л у ч ш а т ь , с о в е р ш е н с т в о в а т ь ; to improve one's
follow ['folau] v 1. следовать, и д т и (за кем-л., чём-л.); Follow m e . handwriting (pronunciation)
С л е д у й т е за м н о й . 2. следовать за, н а с т у п а т ь п о с л е ; M e a t fol interrogation [intera'geijn] n д о п р о с , д о з н а н и е
lowed t h e soup. П о с л е с у п а п о д а л и м я с о . jelly ['djeli] n ж е л е , с т у д е н ь
to get smb. to do smth. з а с т а в л я т ь , у б е ж д а т ь , у г о в а р и в а т ь кого-л. profit ['profit] n п о л ь з а , выгода; to m a k e a profit и з в л е к а т ь п р и б ы л ь
сделать что-л.; to get smb. to go (to read) з а с т а в и т ь кого-л. и д т и (доход)
(читать); to get a m a n to speak а) з а с т а в и т ь ч е л о в е к а загово put on weight п о п р а в л я т ь с я
р и т ь ; б) у б е д и т ь кого-л. в ы с т у п и т ь ; I got h i m to lend me 5 review [ r i ' v j u : ] n о б з о р , р е ц е н з и я
p o u n d s . Я у г о в о р и л его дать м н е в з а й м ы 5 ф у н т о в . stupid [ ' s t j u : p i d ] а г л у п ы й
grab [дгагЬ] v в н е з а п н о с х в а т ы в а т ь , хватать weak [wi:k] а с л а б ы й ; weak health (team, voice, person)
17*
J
U n i t 16 faultless ['fa:ltlis] а б е з у п р е ч н ы й , б е з о ш и б о ч н ы й ; H i s p r o n u n c i a t i o n
is faultless.
association [a.sausi'eijh, a.sauJYeifn] n о б щ е с т в о , а с с о ц и а ц и я favourable ['feivarabl] а благоприятный; favourable w e a t h e r (condi
attend [s'tend] v з а б о т и т ь с я (о чём-л.), с л е д и т ь (за чём-л.); to a t t e n d t i o n s , o p i n i o n , impression)
to the education of one's children следить за в о с п и т а н и е м своих film director ['filmdi.rekta] n к и н о р е ж и с с е р ; stage director р е ж и с с е р
д е т е й ; to a t t e n d to o n e ' s own business з а б о т и т ь с я о с в о и х соб театра
с т в е н н ы х делах folk [fauk] а н а р о д н ы й ; folk songs
cliff [ k l i f ] п утес, о т в е с н а я с к а л а go down phr v 1. уехать из б о л ь ш о г о г о р о д а в м е н ь ш и й или из г о р о д а
consider [kan'sida] v рассматривать, обсуждать; обдумывать; to в д е р е в н ю 2. б р о с и т ь или о к о н ч и т ь у н и в е р с и т е т (Оксфордский
consider a request (a matter, a proposal, a question) рассматри или Кембриджский); She went d o w n (from C a m b r i d g e ) in 1999.
в а т ь п р о с ь б у (дело, п р е д л о ж е н и е , в о п р о с ) go on phr v 1. п р о д о л ж а т ь , и д т и д а л ь ш е ; Go on with y o u r work. He
conscious [ ' k D n f a s ] predic н а х о д я щ и й с я в с о з н а н и и ; ant. unconscious said n o t h i n g but just went on working. 2. п р о и с х о д и т ь , случать
б е с с о з н а т е л ь н ы й , п о т е р я в ш и й с о з н а н и е ; T h e patient was un с я ; It's b e e n going on for years.
conscious. go out phr v 1. в ы х о д и т ь (из помещения); W h y d o n ' t we go out into t h e
crew [ k r u : ] и судовая к о м а н д а , э к и п а ж (судна и т.п.) garden? 2. б ы в а т ь в о б щ е с т в е , х о д и т ь в т е а т р ы , на к о н ц е р т ы и
extra [ ' e k s t r a ] а д о б а в о ч н ы й , д о п о л н и т е л ь н ы й ; extra pay д о п о л н и т.п.; We d o n ' t often go out.
т е л ь н а я о п л а т а ; extra h o u r s с в е р х у р о ч н ы е ч а с ы go up phr v 1) п о е х а т ь в б о л ь ш о й г о р о д или из д е р е в н и в город. T h e y
government [ ' g A v a n m a n t ] п п р а в и т е л ь с т в о went up to London. 2) п о с т у п и т ь в у н и в е р с и т е т (Оксфордский
helicopter [ ' h e l i k o p t a ] п в е р т о л е т или Кембриджский); She went up (to Oxford) in 1999.
interrupt [.inta'rApt] v прерывать, п р и о с т а н а в л и в а т ь (ход, течение honest [Yjnist] а ч е с т н ы й ; an honest m a n ; honestly adv ч е с т н о , прав
чего-л.), прерывать говорящего; D o n ' t interrupt! Н е переби диво, чистосердечно
вайте! impress [im'pres] v п р о и з в о д и т ь в п е ч а т л е н и е ; to impress smb. произ
knock out [ ' n o k ' a u t ] phr v н о к а у т и р о в а т ь (бокс) в о д и т ь в п е ч а т л е н и е н а кого-л.; Н е did not impress m e a t all.
praise [preiz] v х в а л и т ь interpret [in't3:pnt] v т о л к о в а т ь , и н т е р п р е т и р о в а т ь ; р а с к р ы т ь за
мысел, содержание; The actor interpreted the part of Hamlet
U n i t 17 very well.
interpretation [,int3:pn'teijn] n интерпретация, объяснение, рас
act [aekt] v театр, и с п о л н я т ь (роль), и г р а т ь ; to act t h e G h o s t (the p a r t к р ы т и е з а м ы с л а , с о д е р ж а н и я ; T h e critic gave an interesting in
o f t h e G h o s t ) i n " H a m l e t " и г р а т ь р о л ь п р и з р а к а в «Гамлете» t e r p r e t a t i o n of t h e play.
acting ['agktin] п театр, и г р а , исполнение; I d i d n ' t like Stewart's interpreter [ i n ' t 3 : p n t a ] n у с т н ы й п е р е в о д ч и к
a c t i n g today. ladder ['laeda] n л е с т н и ц а
aisle [ail] n п р о х о д м е ж д у р я д а м и в т е а т р е locate [lau'keit] v р а з м е щ а т ь , п о м е щ а т ь ; His office is located in t h i s
bear [bea] v (bore; b o r n ) т е р п е т ь , в ы н о с и т ь ; I c a n n o t b e a r h i m . building.
box office ['boksofis] n т е а т р а л ь н а я к а с с а make smb. do smth. з а с т а в и т ь к о г о - л . сделать что-л.; We must m a k e
cast [ka:st] n с о с т а в и с п о л н и т е л е й (в данном спектакле); а к т е р с к и й h i m d o it.
с о с т а в ; good cast meantime ['mr.ntaim] n п р о м е ж у т о к в р е м е н и ; for t h e m e a n t i m e на
chap [tfaep] n разг. м а л ы й , п а р е н ь это время; in the meantime тем временем; между тем
crime [kraim] и п р е с т у п л е н и е ; c r i m e stories memory ['memari] n п а м я т ь , в о с п о м и н а н и е
critic ['kntik] n к р и т и к mood [mu:d] n р а с п о л о ж е н и е духа, н а с т р о е н и е ; to be in a g o o d (bad,
criticize ['kntisaiz] v к р и т и к о в а т ь ; to criticize an a u t h o r (a play, a merry) m o o d ; to be in t h e m o o d for smth.; I'm not in t h e m o o d for
picture) laughing. М н е н е д о смеха.
determined [ d i ' t 3 : m i n d ] а р е ш и т е л ь н ы й , п о л н ы й р е ш и м о с т и , не moustache [mas'ta:/] n усы
п р е к л о н н ы й ; Н е i s d e t e r m i n e d t o win. mud [ m A d ] n г р я з ь , с л я к о т ь
newsreel ['nju:zri:l] п к и н о х р о н и к а break in (to) ['breik'm] phr v в р ы в а т ь с я , в л а м ы в а т ь с я

obtain [ab'tein] v п о л у ч а т ь , д о с т а в а т ь , п р и о б р е т а т ь ; to o b t a i n infor device [di'vais] n п р и б о р
mation install [in'sto:l] v у с т а н а в л и в а т ь , м о н т и р о в а т ь , с о б и р а т ь ; to install a
part [pa:t] n р о л ь ; the leading part в е д у щ а я р о л ь ; I liked t h e actress h e a t i n g system
w h o played t h e leading part, marble ['ma:bl] n м р а м о р
picturesque [.piktja'resk] а ж и в о п и с н ы й mermaid ['m3:meid] n р у с а л к а
plot [ p b t ] n ф а б у л а , с ю ж е т oven ['луп] n п е ч ь ; д у х о в к а
poster ['pausta] n о б ъ я в л е н и е , а ф и ш а replace [n'pleis] v 1. с т а в и т ь или к л а с т ь о б р а т н о 2. з а м е н я т ь ; to
regret [n'gret] n с о ж а л е н и е ; to my regret к м о е м у с о ж а л е н и ю replace a tyre з а м е н и т ь ш и н у
regret v с о ж а л е т ь (о чём-л.); I regret t h a t I missed that film, restore [n'sta:] v р е с т а в р и р о в а т ь , в о с с т а н а в л и в а т ь ; to restore a pic
recover [ n ' k A v a ] v 1) в ы з д о р а в л и в а т ь ; to recover from sickness оправ ture
л я т ь с я от б о л е з н и 2) о п р а в л я т ь с я (от чего-л.), п р и х о д и т ь в set [set] (set) v с т а в и т ь , п о м е щ а т ь ; to set chairs for visitors
с е б я ; to recover from t h e effects of a w a r о п р а в и т ь с я от послед
solid ['solid] а к р е п к и й , п р о ч н ы й , м а с с и в н ы й ; solid f o u n d a t i o n
ствий войны
tile [tail] v к р ы т ь ч е р е п и ц е й ; to tile a h o u s e
scene [si:n] n м е с т о д е й с т в и я (в пьесе, романе и т.п.); T h e scene is
widen ['waidn] v р а с ш и р я т ь ; to widen a road
laid i n F r a n c e . Д е й с т в и е п р о и с х о д и т в о Ф р а н ц и и ,
wipe [waip] v в ы т и р а т ь , о б т и р а т ь ; to wipe tables (dishes, h a n d s )
scenery ['siman] n д е к о р а ц и и (театральные)
wire [waia] n п р о в о л о к а , п р о в о д
screen [skrim] v э к р а н и з и р о в а т ь
wire [waia] v п р о к л а д ы в а т ь или м о н т и р о в а т ь п р о в о д а ; to wire a
screen n кино э к р а н
h o u s e for electricity
slip [slip] v п о с к о л ь з н у т ь с я ; to slip on t h e ice (on t h e stairs); My foot
slipped. Я п о с к о л ь з н у л с я ,
someplace [ ' s A m p l e i s ] = somewhere Unit 19
stage [steicrj] n с ц е н а , т е а т р а л ь н ы е п о д м о с т к и , э с т р а д а
stage v с т а в и т ь п ь е с у (оперу); W h o staged t h i s play? assure [a'Jua] у у в е р я т ь ; He assures me t h a t I am m i s t a k e n ; to assure
star [sta.-] n звезда, в е д у щ и й а к т е р или а к т р и с а ; film star smb. of smth.; He assures me of his i n n o c e n c e .
star v и г р а т ь г л а в н ы е р о л и , б ы т ь з в е з д о й ; W h o stars in this film? collapse [ka'lasps] v р у ш и т ь с я , о б в а л и в а т ь с я ; T h e t e n t collapsed.
strain [strein] v н а п р я г а т ь , п е р е у т о м л я т ь ; to strain one's ears (eyes) develop [di'velap] v 1. р а з в и в а т ь , с о в е р ш е н с т в о в а т ь ; to develop o n e ' s
stretch [stretf] v р а с т я г и в а т ь ( с я ) , в ы т я г и в а т ь ( с я ) ; Woollen stockings business (memory, m i n d ) 2. фото п р о я в л я т ь
d o n ' t stretch. lunatic ['lumatik] n д у ш е в н о б о л ь н о й ; lunatic asylum [a'sailam] n пси
trailer ['treila] n к и н о а ф и ш а , а н о н с о к и н о к а р т и н е хиатрическая больница
truck [ t r A k ] n 1. т е л е ж к а 2. г р у з о в о й а в т о м о б и л ь mad [rnasd] а с у м а с ш е д ш и й ; to go m a d с о й т и с у м а
usher [ЧГэ] п к а п е л ь д и н е р , б и л е т е р make up one's mind р е ш и т ь с я , п р и н я т ь р е ш е н и е ; She h a s m a d e up
usherette [.Aja'ref] п к а п е л ь д и н е р ш а , б и л е т е р ш а h e r m i n d t o g o t o Italy t h i s s u m m e r .
vivid [Vivid] а ж и в о й , я р к и й merely ['miali] adv т о л ь к о , п р о с т о ; I merely asked his n a m e .
mink [mink] n н о р к а ; m i n k coat
observe [ab'z3:v] v 1. н а б л ю д а т ь , с л е д и т ь (за чём-л.); I felt he was
Unit 18
observing everything I did. 2. з а м е ч а т ь ; D i d you observe h e r re
bargain [ Ъ а : д т ] п в ы г о д н а я п о к у п к а ; It's а bargain at t h i s price. Э т о action? 3. сделать з а м е ч а н и е , в ы с к а з а т ь с я ; She observed t h a t it
очень дешево, was getting late.
candle ['kasndl] п свеча, с в е ч к а to get rid of smth./smb. и з б а в и т ь с я от чего-л., кого-л.; I c a n ' t get rid
close down ['klauz'daun] phr v з а к р ы в а т ь , л и к в и д и р о в а т ь (предприя of this h e a d a c h e .
тие); to close d o w n a factory turn up [Чз:п'лр] phr v в н е з а п н о п о я в л я т ь с я , п р и х о д и т ь , п р и е з ж а т ь ;
cutlery [ ' k A t b n ] n собир. н о ж е в ы е и з д е л и я ; с т о л о в ы е п р и б о р ы Н е p r o m i s e d t o c o m e , but h e h a s n ' t t u r n e d u p yet.
I I I . П о у р о ч н ы й словарь 521
influence ['mfluans] v о к а з ы в а т ь в л и я н и е , в л и я т ь
wear out [wea'aut] phr v 1. и з н а ш и в а т ь ( с я ) ; to wear out a dress из influence ['mfluans] n в л и я н и е ; to have an influence over (on, u p o n )
н о с и т ь п л а т ь е ; T h i s cloth will s o o n wear out. 2. и з н у р я т ь , ис smb. и м е т ь в л и я н и е н а кого-л.
тощать; изматывать; You'll wear yourself out if you carry on issue ['iju:;'isju:] n с п о р н ы й в о п р о с , п р е д м е т о б с у ж д е н и я
working so h a r d . majority [ma'chjDntr] п большинство; vast majority п о д а в л я ю щ е е
большинство
Unit 20 matinee ['mastinei] п д н е в н о й с п е к т а к л ь или к о н ц е р т
memorable [ ' т е т э г э Ы ] а н е з а б ы в а е м ы й , н е з а б в е н н ы й
adore [a'da:] v о б о ж а т ь , п о к л о н я т ь с я , о ч е н ь л ю б и т ь ; to a d o r e chil mental ['mentl] а 1. у м с т в е н н ы й ; m e n t a l work у м с т в е н н ы й труд
dren (sweets, p a i n t i n g , music) 2 . п с и х и ч е с к и й , д у ш е в н ы й ; m e n t a l hospital п с и х и а т р и ч е с к а я
applaud [a'pb:d] v а п л о д и р о в а т ь , р у к о п л е с к а т ь ; to a p p l a u d an a c t o r л е ч е б н и ц а ; m e n t a l patient д у ш е в н о б о л ь н о й
(a musician) а п л о д и р о в а т ь а к т е р у ( м у з ы к а н т у ) opera glasses ['Dpra,gla:siz] и т е а т р а л ь н ы й б и н о к л ь
authority [a:'9orati] n в л а с т ь perform [рзТо:т] v 1. и с п о л н я т ь , в ы п о л н я т ь , с о в е р ш а т ь ; to perform
circle ['s3:kl] n театр, ярус; dress circle б е л ь э т а ж an o p e r a t i o n , a task 2. п р е д с т а в л я т ь , и г р а т ь ; to p e r f o r m a play
come on/along phr v в грамм, знач. междометия разг. н у - к а , ну да before t h e public
в а й ; C o m e on/along, or we'll be late. Д а в а й — д а в а й , а то опо pretend [ p n ' t e n d ] v п р и т в о р я т ь с я , д е л а т ь вид; He p r e t e n d s t h a t he
здаем. O h , c o m e o n , b e serious! Х в а т и т , б р о с ь ш у т к и ! is asleep.
come round/over phr v заходить, заезжать; She came round last rebel ['rebl] n п о в с т а н е ц , м я т е ж н и к
night. rebel [n'bel] v п о д н и м а т ь в о с с т а н и е , бунт, м я т е ж
concern [kan's3:n] v к а с а т ь с я , и м е т ь о т н о ш е н и е ; T h a t d o e s n ' t con reverse [n'v3:s] v менять (на противоположный), полностью изме
c e r n you at all. н и т ь ; to reverse t h e n o r m a l order, to reverse a policy
considerable [kan'sidarabl] а значительный, большой; considerable revue [n'vju:] n театр, о б о з р е н и е , р е в ю
n u m b e r (distance, weight) run [глп] v (ran; r u n ) и д т и (о пьесе, фильме); T h i s play h a s b e e n run
contemporary [кэпЧетргэп] а современный; c o n t e m p o r a r y writers n i n g for a year.
(literature) set [set] v (set) п о м е щ а т ь с я , р а с п о л а г а т ь с я ; T h e s e c o n d act is set in
deal [di:l] v (dealt) (with) и м е т ь д е л о (с чём-л., кем-л.), ведать (чём-л.); a street. М е с т о д е й с т в и я в т о р о г о а к т а — у л и ц а ,
Science deals with facts. Н а у к а и м е е т д е л о с ф а к т а м и , set п д е к о р а ц и я ; T h e sets were beautiful.
dim [dim] v т у с к н е т ь , з а т у м а н и в а т ь с я ; T h e lights d i m m e d a n d t h e setting ['setirj] n о к р у ж е н и е , о к р у ж а ю щ а я о б с т а н о в к а ; r o m a n t i c set
c u r t a i n went u p . ting
disillusion [.disi'lu^n] v р а з о ч а р о в ы в а т ь , р а з р у ш а т ь и л л ю з и и stall [sto:l] pi театр, к р е с л а п а р т е р а ; rear stalls з а д н и е р я д ы пар
due [dju:] predic. 1. д о л ж н ы й , о б я з а н н ы й ; He is d u e to speak. Он тера
д о л ж е н в ы с т у п и т ь . 2. о ж и д а е м ы й ; T h e t r a i n is d u e at 8 o'clock. thriller ['Gnla] п к н и г а , п ь е с а или ф и л ь м , р а с с ч и т а н н ы е на т о ,
Поезд прибывает в 8 часов, ч т о б ы в з в о л н о в а т ь , з а х в а т и т ь ч и т а т е л я или з р и т е л я ; п р и к л ю
evidence ['evidans] n д о к а з а т е л ь с т в о , с в и д е т е л ь с т в о ч е н ч е с к и й или д е т е к т и в н ы й р о м а н , ф и л ь м
fall in love with smb. в л ю б и т ь с я в к о г о - л . variety [va'raiati] п тж. variety show варьете, э с т р а д н ы й к о н ц е р т ,
feature ['fi:tfa] n о с о б е н н о с т ь , х а р а к т е р н а я черта, с в о й с т в о ; A lake эстрадное представление
is an i m p o r t a n t feature of a landscape. violence [Vaialans] п с и л а , н а с и л и е
female ['finned] а женского пола, женский; female lead г л а в н а я
ж е н с к а я р о л ь (в кино); ant. male м у ж с к о й , м у ж с к о г о п о л а ; male
Unit 21
lead г л а в н а я м у ж с к а я р о л ь (в кино)
increase [in'kri:s] v у в е л и ч и в а т ь , в ы з ы в а т ь у в е л и ч е н и е , р о с т ; to in anxious ['aenkfas] а б е с п о к о я щ и й с я , т р е в о ж а щ и й с я , в о л н у ю щ и й
crease t h e speed (one's i n c o m e , one's knowledge) с я ; о п а с а ю щ и й с я ; to be (to feel) a n x i o u s a b o u t smb.'s h e a l t h
increase ['inkri:s] n у в е л и ч е н и е , в о з р а с т а н и е ; increase of (in) popula (future)
tion рост ч и с л е н н о с т и н а с е л е н и я
appear [a'pia] v 1. п о я в л я т ь с я , п о к а з ы в а т ь с я ; A bus a p p e a r e d r o u n d Unit 22

t h e corner. 2. к а з а т ь с я , п р е д с т а в л я т ь с я , п р о и з в о д и т ь впечатле
Words and phrases
н и е ; T h e work a p p e a r s to be interesting.
board [bo:d] n п и щ а , п и т а н и е , с т о л ; b o a r d a n d lodging стол и квар
T h i s is/It's A d a m (here).
тира, пансион
T h i s is/It's A d a m speaking
boarder ['ba:da] и п а н с и о н е р ; к в а р т и р а н т , ж и л е ц Говорит Адам.
bride [braid] п н е в е с т а ; н о в о б р а ч н а я , м о л о д а я (calling).
bridegroom ['braidgru:m] п ж е н и х ; н о в о б р а ч н ы й A d a m speaking.
charge [tjcucrj] v н а з н а ч а т ь , з а п р а ш и в а т ь цену, п л а т у ; в з и м а т ь ; to It's me again. Это опять я.
charge a h i g h price; H o w m u c h do you charge for parking? Speaking. Слушаю.
claim [kleim] v у т в е р ж д а т ь , з а я в л я т ь (что-л.); I claim t h a t it is false. Who's speaking (calling)? К т о говорит (звонит)?
I d o n ' t claim to be an expert.
С а п / C o u l d / M a y I speak to Я могу поговорить с
content [kan'tenf] a 1. д о в о л ь н ы й , у д о в л е т в о р е н н ы й ; c o n t e n t with
Victor? Виктором?
food; He is c o n t e n t with very little. 2. с о г л а с н ы й ; I ' m c o n t e n t to
I'd like to speak to Victor, Я бы хотел поговорить с
r e m a i n where I am now.
do v (часто с for) г о д и т ь с я , п о д х о д и т ь ; б ы т ь д о с т а т о ч н ы м ; T h i s please. Виктором.
r o o m will do for t h e office. Is Victor there/in? В и к т о р дома?/у себя?
eager [идэ] а с т р а с т н о с т р е м я щ и й с я (к чему-л.), ж а ж д у щ и й (чего-л.); I'll see if he is in. Я с е й ч а с посмотрю, у себя ли
н е т е р п е л и в ы й ; Не is eager to begin. He is eager for knowledge. он.
Just a minute. I'll get h i m . М и н у т о ч к у . Я позову его.
easy-going [,i:zi'gauin] а д о б р о д у ш н о - в е с е л ы й ; п о к л а д и с т ы й , с лег
к и м характером I'm afraid he's o u t / h a s gone out. Боюсь, ч т о его нет. (Он вы
frank [fraerjk] а о т к р о в е н н ы й , и с к р е н н и й , о т к р ы т ы й ; to be frank шел.)
откровенно говоря He is away/has gone away. Он уехал.
frankly ['fraerjkli] adv п р я м о , о т к р ы т о , о т к р о в е н н о ; to answer frank She's not here right now. Ее с е й ч а с здесь нет.
ly; F r a n k l y (speaking), I d o n ' t like h i m . Mr Roberts is not available. Г-н Роберте сейчас занят.
gifted ['giftid] а о д а р е н н ы й ; т а л а н т л и в ы й ; с п о с о б н ы й ; gifted p o e t Mr Jones is on a n o t h e r line. Г-н Д ж о у н з разговаривает по
(musician) другому телефону.
have smb. do smth. з а с т а в и т ь ( п о п р о с и т ь ) к о г о - л . с д е л а т ь что-л.; He's c o m i n g to the phone. Он идет к телефону.
у с т р о и т ь и л и с д е л а т ь т а к , ч т о б ы к т о - л . с д е л а л что-л.; I will I couldn't get h i m on the p h o n e . Я не смог до него д о з в о н и т ь с я .
have h i m c o m e . Я з а с т а в л ю его п р и й т и . [Я с д е л а ю т а к (рас There is no reply at his number. Его н о м е р не отвечает.
п о р я ж у с ь ) , ч т о б ы он п р и ш е л . ] We o u g h t to have t h e d o c t o r ex
a m i n e her. Н а м с л е д о в а л о б ы п о к а з а т ь е е врачу. C a n / C o u l d I leave h i m a mes
sage?
the matter (the point) in question д а н н ы й ( р а с с м а т р и в а е м ы й ) во
прос C a n / C o u l d you take a message? Вы не могли бы передать (ему)
prove [pru:v] v 1. д о к а з ы в а т ь ; to prove smb.'s guilt ( i n n o c e n c e ) ; C a n / C o u l d you give h i m a mes мое с о о б щ е н и е ?
2. о к а з ы в а т ь с я ; to prove (to be) satisfactory (useful, interesting); sage?
T h e play proved (to be) a success, C a n I pass on a message?
steward ['stju:ad] n з а в х о з C a n I take a message?
stuff [sUf] n м а т е р и а л , в е щ е с т в о ; W h a t stuff is it m a d e of? Would you like to leave a mes
sweetheart f'swi:tha:t] n в о з л ю б л е н н ы й ; в о з л ю б л е н н а я (Ему) что-нибудь передать?
sage?
tenant ['tenant] n ж и т е л ь , о б и т а т е л ь ; t e n a n t s of t h e house
virtue ['v3:tfu:] n 1. д о б р о д е т е л ь 2. х о р о ш е е к а ч е с т в о , п о л о ж и т е л ь Is there any message?
н а я черта или с т о р о н а I'll pass the message o n . Я передам э т о с о о б щ е н и е .
I'll call/ring back later. Я п о з в о н ю еще р а з позже. Information? Это справочная?

There's no one here by that Здесь н и к о г о нет по этой фа Is that enquiries?
name. милии.
I want CR Oydon 1388 Д а й т е м н е C R Oydon
You have the wrong number. Вы о ш и б л и с ь н о м е р о м .
Give me (one-three-double eight) 1388.
(l'm)sorry to have troubled П р о с т и т е за б е с п о к о й с т в о .
(bothered) you. Please put me t h r o u g h to my П е р е к л ю ч и т е м е н я , пожалуй
r o o m number. ста, на мой н о м е р в к о м н а т е .
T h a t ' s OK.
Пожалуйста. C a n I ring up to town from Могу я п о з в о н и т ь отсюда в го
T h a t ' s quite all right. 1
here? род.'
I want to book a call to Я хочу з а к а з а т ь р а з г о в о р с
Take down
Moscow for 10 p.m. М о с к в о й на 10 часов вечера.
Write down Запишите номер
W h a t n u m b e r are you calling С к а к о г о номера вы звоните? my p h o n e number.
Put down моего т е л е ф о н а .
from?
Take
Would you like to make it per
sonal? (Br.) Вы хотите вызвать определен I want to reverse the charges. Я хочу, ч т о б ы за з в о н о к запла
ное л и ц о ? т и л тот, к о м у я з в о н ю .
Would you like to make it per
son-to-person? (Am.) I want to make an a p p o i n t m e n t . Я хочу н а з н а ч и т ь в р е м я встре
ч и , (с врачом/парикмахе
I just want a station-to-station С о е д и н и т е м е н я п р о с т о с або ром/бизнесменом).
call. нентом. Will that suit you/be convenient Вас устраивает э т о в р е м я ?
Will it be on credit? (Br.) Вы з а к а з ы в а е т е (разговор) в for you? (или: Э т о вам удобно?)
Is it a credit card call? (Am.) кредит?
I'm putting you t h r o u g h . Unit 23

Соединяю.
I'll put you t h r o u g h . admire [ad'maia] v в о с х и щ а т ь с я ; to a d m i r e smb.; I a d m i r e h i m for his
Я вас с о е д и н ю . courage. Я в о с х и щ а ю с ь его м у ж е с т в о м ,
I'll c o n n e c t you.
boast [baust] v х в а с т а т ь ; He likes to boast.
We were cut off/disconnected. Нас разъединили. certain ['s3:tn] а о д и н , н е к и й ; a c e r t a i n Mr Brown н е к и й г-н Б р а у н
H a n g on (hold on) a m o m e n t . Подождите минутку. charity ['tfaenti] n м и л о с е р д и е , б л а г о т в о р и т е л ь н о с т ь
Hold the line. Не в е ш а й т е трубку. clip [klip] n з а ж и м , с к р е п к а
decline [di'klam] v о т к л о н я т ь , о т в е р г а т ь ; to decline an offer (an in
T h e line is engaged (busy). Номер занят.
vitation)
Are you through? Вас с о е д и н и л и ?
forbid [fa'bid] v (forbade; forbidden) з а п р е щ а т ь , не д а в а т ь разреше
Have you finished? Вы з а к о н ч и л и (разговор)?
н и я ; I forbid you to go t h e r e .
G o ahead! Вас с о е д и н и л и , говорите.
forward ['fo:wad] v п е р е с ы л а т ь , п е р е п р о в о ж д а т ь ; to forward letters
Could you speak up, please! П о ж а л у й с т а , говорите г р о м ч е !
to a new address
Edinburgh is on the line. Вас в ы з ы в а е т Эдинбург. inquisitive [in'kwizitiv] a 1. п ы т л и в ы й , л ю б о з н а т е л ь н ы й 2. (излиш
You are wanted on the p h o n e . Вас п р о с я т к телефону. не) л ю б о п ы т н ы й
I c a n ' t hear you very well. Я вас плохо с л ы ш у . lavishly ['laevifh] adv щ е д р о , р а с т о ч и т е л ь н о
I c a n ' t make out what you are Я не могу р а з о б р а т ь , ч т о вы margin ['maidjin] n поле (страницы); notes on (in) t h e m a r g i n за
saying. говорите. метки на полях
Are you there? Вы м е н я с л ы ш и т е ? meanwhile [mimwail] adv т е м в р е м е н е м , м е ж д у т е м
overall ['auvaraH] п р а б о ч и й халат, с п е ц о д е ж д а board [bo:d] и борт; on b o a r d t h e ship (train, plane) на к о р а б л е (в

passage ['paesidj] п о т р ы в о к , ч а с т ь , м е с т о (в книге, статье и т.п.) поезде, на самолете)
pin [pin] v п р и к а л ы в а т ь ; to pin up a notice п о в е с и т ь о б ъ я в л е н и е board [bo:d] v с е с т ь на к о р а б л ь (в п о е з д , в т р а м в а й , на с а м о л е т ) ;
scholarship ['skolajip] n с т и п е н д и я (обыкн. поощрительная); to win a It's t i m e t o b o a r d t h e t r a i n ,
scholarship п о л у ч и т ь п р а в о н а с т и п е н д и ю carriage ['kaendg] n в а г о н
stable ['steibl] а у с т о й ч и в ы й , с т а б и л ь н ы й chin [tfin] n п о д б о р о д о к
subscribe [sab'skraib] v п о д п и с ы в а т ь с я ; to subscribe to a n e w s p a p e r cloakroom ['klaukru:m] n 1. г а р д е р о б 2. к а м е р а х р а н е н и я ; syn. left
supervisor ['sju:pavaiza] n и н с п е к т о р ш к о л ы , м е т о д и с т (no какому-л. luggage office
предмету) common ['koman] a 1. о б щ и й , с о в м е с т н ы й ; c o m m o n language (mar
survey ['s3:vei] n о б о з р е н и е , о б з о р ; historical (political) survey ket, efforts, interests) 2. ш и р о к о р а с п р о с т р а н е н н ы й , общеиз
widow ['widau] n в д о в а ; widower ['widaua] n в д о в е ц в е с т н ы й ; It is c o m m o n knowledge t h a t ... О б щ е и з в е с т н о , ч т о ...
wig [wig] n п а р и к compartment [ k a m ' p a : t m a n t ] n к у п е ; a first-(second=) class compart
ment
disposal [dis'pauzal] n п р а в о р а с п о р я ж а т ь с я ; at (in) smb.'s disposal в
Unit 24 чьем-л. р а с п о р я ж е н и и
absolute ['aebsalu:t] a 1. п о л н ы й , с о в е р ш е н н ы й , б е з у с л о в н ы й ; ab fair-haired ['feahead] а с в е т л о в о л о с ы й ; fair-haired girl
solute b e a u t y 2. д е й с т в и т е л ь н ы й , н е с о м н е н н ы й ; absolute fact; get on/along with smb. л а д и т ь , б ы т ь в х о р о ш и х о т н о ш е н и я х ; It's

h a r d to get o n / a l o n g with such a m a n .
absolute proof
inquiry office [ i n ' k w a i a n . D f i s ] n с п р а в о ч н о е б ю р о
absolutely ['aebsalu:tli] adv 1. с о в е р ш е н н о ; He is absolutely wrong.
2. эмоц.-усил. к о н е ч н о , т о ч н о , и м е н н о ; в п о л н е ; A r e you sure? — keep (on) doing smth. в сочетании с последующим причастием на
стоящего времени означает продолжение действия, выражен
Absolutely!
ного причастием; to keep r e a d i n g (writing, working) п р о д о л ж а т ь
definite ['definit] а о п р е д е л е н н ы й , я с н ы й , т о ч н ы й ; definite o p i n i o n
ч и т а т ь ( п и с а т ь , работать); to keep asking ( i n t e r r u p t i n g , laugh
(time, place, answer)
ing) все в р е м я з а д а в а т ь в о п р о с ы ( п р е р ы в а т ь , с м е я т ь с я )
definitely ['definitli] adv о п р е д е л е н н о , я с н о , т о ч н о ; н е с о м н е н н о ; Не
sack [saek] п м е ш о к
is definitely better. J o h n is definitely c o m i n g .
shy [Jai] а з а с т е н ч и в ы й
distinction [di'stinkfn] n н а г р а д а ; п о ч е с т ь ; a c a d e m i c d i s t i n c t i o n s ака
silly [ s i h ] а г л у п ы й ; silly t h i n g г л у п о с т ь
демические почести
strict [strikt] а с т р о г и й , т р е б о в а т е л ь н ы й ; strict t e a c h e r (discipline,
cure ['kjua] и л е к а р с т в о ; c u r e for a c o u g h
parents); to be strict w i t h smb.
cure ['kjua] v в ы л е ч и в а т ь , и з л е ч и в а т ь , и с ц е л я т ь ; to c u r e smb. of
stuffy [sUfi] а с п е р т ы й , д у ш н ы й , н е п р о в е т р е н н ы й ; stuffy r o o m ; It
smth.; Will you be able to cure h i m , D o c t o r ?
is a bit stuffy here.
die out ['dai'auf] phr v 1. в ы м и р а т ь ; п о г и б а т ь 2. п о с т е п е н н о исче
зать, п р о п а д а т ь ; T h e c a n d l e died out.
dry up ['drai4p] phr v пересохнуть, высохнуть; T h e well has dried up. Unit 26
sort [so:t] n 1. вид, род; р а з н о в и д н о с т ь ; all sorts of t h i n g s 2. т и п чело
века; х а р а к т е р : W h a t sort ( = k i n d ) of m a n is he?; to be out of sorts allergic [a'l3:d3ik] a 1. аллергический; allergic reaction to wool
б ы т ь не в н а с т р о е н и и (не в себе); ч у в с т в о в а т ь с е б я н е в а ж н о ; 2. ч у в с т в и т е л ь н ы й (к чему-л.); о т р и ц а т е л ь н о р е а г и р у ю щ и й (на
She was tired a n d out of sorts by t h e t i m e she arrived h o m e . что-л.); allergic to criticism
barbecue ['ba:bikju:] n 1. б а р б е к ю , ж а р к о е на в е р т е л е (типа шаш
лыка) 2. п и к н и к или п р и е м на о т к р ы т о м воздухе, во в р е м я
Unit 25 которого гостей угощают м я с о м , ж а р е н н ы м на вертеле
bedding f'bedirj] n п о с т е л ь н ы е п р и н а д л е ж н о с т и , м а т р а ц crazy ['kreizi] а 1. с у м а с ш е д ш и й , б е з у м н ы й ; to go crazy с о й т и с у м а ;
berth [Ьз:в] n с п а л ь н о е место, п о л к а (в вагоне и т.п.); u p p e r (lower) Не is crazy with pain. 2. (about) разг. п о м е ш а н н ы й (на чём-л.);
berth верхняя ( н и ж н я я ) полка с и л ь н о у в л е ч е н н ы й (чём-л., кем -л.); She is crazy about music.
528 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II i l l . П о у р о ч н ы й словарь
fire [Таю] v амер. разг. у в о л ь н я т ь , в ы г о н я т ь с р а б о т ы пользу, в ы г о д у ; You will gain by reading these books. 3. выи
notice [Yiautis] п и з в е щ е н и е , у в е д о м л е н и е , п р е д у п р е ж д е н и е ; объяв грать; to gain a battle; to gain a prize
л е н и е ; You must give o n e m o n t h ' s notice. Prices may be c h a n g e d grant [gramt] v 1. д а р о в а т ь , д а р и т ь , ж а л о в а т ь ; to g r a n t rights (privi
without notice, leges); My request was g r a n t e d . 2. д а в а т ь д о т а ц и ю , с у б с и д и ю ;
sneeze [sni:z] v ч и х а т ь T h e b a n k finally g r a n t e d me a £ 500 loan,
span [spaen] n и н т е р в а л , п р о м е ж у т о к в р е м е н и ; in a s p a n of twenty pert [p3:t] а д е р з к и й , н а г л ы й ; р а з в я з н ы й ; p e r t answer
years preserve [pn'z3:v] v с о х р а н я т ь , сберегать; He was a n x i o u s to preserve
total ['tautl] а п о л н ы й , а б с о л ю т н ы й ; total darkness; t o t a l silence his r e p u t a t i o n .
wealth [wel0] n б о г а т с т в о put up with т е р п е т ь , м и р и т ь с я ; п р и м и р и т ь с я ; I d o n ' t k n o w how she
wealthy ['welGi] а б о г а т ы й , с о с т о я т е л ь н ы й ; wealthy m a n ; wealthy p u t s up with h i m . I ' m not going to p u t up with t h e i r s m o k i n g any
country longer.
whatsoever [.wDtsau'eva] эмоц.-усил. (хоть) к а к о й - н и б у д ь , к а к о й бы quench [kwentf] v 1. г а с и т ь , т у ш и т ь ; to q u e n c h a fire 2. п о д а в л я т ь ,
т о н и б ы л о ; H a s h e any c h a n c e whatsoever (=whatever)? у н и ч т о ж а т ь (чувства, желания)
fit [fit] a 1. ( п р и ) г о д н ы й ; п о д х о д я щ и й ; с о о т в е т с т в у ю щ и й ; a fit t i m e relaxing [n'laeksirj] а с м я г ч а ю щ и й , р а с с л а б л я ю щ и й ; relaxing cli
a n d place 2. г о д н ы й , с п о с о б н ы й ; fit for d u t y (for service) 3. здо mate климат, действующий расслабляюще
р о в ы й , б о д р ы й ; to feel fit б ы т ь з д о р о в ы м и б о д р ы м ; to keep fit take to phr v п р и в ы к а т ь , п р и с т р а с т и т ь с я ; п р и в я з а т ь с я ; I've t a k e n
поддерживать форму, быть в форме to getting up very early. O u r dog always takes to c h i l d r e n quickly.
wages ['weicfjrz] п преим. pi з а р а б о т н а я п л а т а (рабочих), о б ы ч н о wag [wasg] v м а х а т ь , р а з м а х и в а т ь ; On seeing h i m t h e dog wagged its
в ы п л а ч и в а е м а я к а ж д у ю н е д е л ю ; wages of £ 200 a week; Wages tail.
are paid on Fridays. worth [w3:8] a 1. с т о я щ и й , и м е ю щ и й ц е н н о с т ь или с т о и м о с т ь ;
W h a t is it worth? 2. з а с л у ж и в а ю щ и й ; с т о я щ и й (чего-л.); имею
щ и й з н а ч е н и е ; T h i s idea i s worth considering.
Unit 27
admit [ad'mit] v 1) п р и з н а в а т ь , д о п у с к а т ь ; to a d m i t t h e t r u t h of t h e
Unit 28
story; I a d m i t it to be t r u e . You m u s t a d m i t t h a t he is right. 2) (тж.
to) п р и з н а в а т ь (вину); п р и з н а в а т ь с я , с о з н а в а т ь с я (в преступле aircraft [ e a k r a : f t ] n с а м о л е т
нии); to a d m i t (to) stealing; He a d m i t t e d to t h e murder. She a d m i t s approximately [a'proksimitli] adv п р и б л и з и т е л ь н о
(to) being strict with her c h i l d r e n . attention [a'tenfn] n в н и м а н и е ; to a t t r a c t a t t e n t i o n п р и в л е к а т ь вни
arrogant ['aeragant] а в ы с о к о м е р н ы й , н а д м е н н ы й , з а н о с ч и в ы й ; са м а н и е ; to call (draw) smb.'s a t t e n t i o n to s m t h . о б р а щ а т ь чье-л.
монадеянный в н и м а н и е н а что-л.; t o pay a t t e n t i o n t o smb., t o s m t h . о б р а щ а т ь
channel ['tfaenl] n 1. к а н а л 2. тле. к а н а л п е р е д а ч и ; to c h a n g e t h e в н и м а н и е н а кого-л., ч т о - л .
c h a n n e l ; W h a t ' s on C h a n n e l 4 tonight? baggage [Ъагдюз] п амер. б а г а ж
confess [kan'fes] v п р и з н а в а т ь ( с я ) ; to confess a fault (a debt); I confess behalf [bi'ha:f] и 1. д л я , р а д и , в пользу, в з а щ и т у ; in my (his, her)
I was surprised to h e a r it. behalf в м о и х (его, ее) и н т е р е с а х 2. on behalf (of) от л и ц а , от
deny [di'nai] v о т р и ц а т ь ; He denied t h a t he h a d seen h e r before. He и м е н и (кого-л.); I ' m speaking on my h u s b a n d ' s behalf.
denies a t t e m p t i n g to m u r d e r his wife. belt [belt] n п о я с , р е м е н ь
endure [m'djua] v 1. в ы н е с т и , в ы д е р ж а т ь , в ы т е р п е т ь (что-л.); Few of border ['bo:da] n г р а н и ц а ; on t h e border на г р а н и ц е
t h e r u n n e r s e n d u r e d to t h e finish. 2. т е р п е т ь , п е р е н о с и т ь (стра bumpy ['Ьлтрг] а у х а б и с т ы й , т р я с к и й (о дороге)
дания и т.п.) cancel [ kaensl] v а н н у л и р о в а т ь , о т м е н я т ь ; to cancel a flight, an or
figure out ['figa(r)'aut] phr v 1. в ы ч и с л я т ь 2. п о н и м а т ь , п о с т и г а т ь ; der, a c o n t r a c t
I couldn't figure out w h a t he was going to do. cancellation [.kaensa'leijn] n а н н у л и р о в а н и е , о т м е н а , п р е к р а щ е н и е ;
gain [gem] v 1. п о л у ч а т ь , п р и о б р е т а т ь ; to gain experience (as o n e cancellation of flight (race, meeting)
grows older); to gain strength (health) (after illness) 2. и з в л е к а т ь classify ['klassifai] v к л а с с и ф и ц и р о в а т ь
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II I I I . П о у р о ч н ы й словарь 531
click [ k l i k ] v щ е л к а т ь (задвижкой и т.п.); t o click t h e d o o r защел search [s3:tf] v 1. и с к а т ь ; to search for a m a n u s c r i p t (for a book, for a
кнуть дверь lost ring) 2. о б ы с к и в а т ь , о б ш а р и в а т ь ; to search a house
cockpit [ ' k D k p i t ] n о т к р ы т а я к а б и н а smuggle [ ' s m A g l ] v п р о в о з и т ь к о н т р а б а н д о й ; smuggler n к о н т р а б а н
customs [ ' k A s t a m z ] n pi т а м о ж е н н ы е п о ш л и н ы ; c u s t o m s free бес дист
п о ш л и н н ы й ; to pass (to get) t h r o u g h t h e c u s t o m s п р о й т и тамо speed [spi:d] n с к о р о с т ь ; at average (at great) speed на с р е д н е й (на
ж е н н ы й д о с м о т р ; c u s t o m s fees т а м о ж е н н ы е с б о р ы большой) скорости
declare [di'klea] v 1. з а я в л я т ь , о б ъ я в л я т ь , п р о в о з г л а ш а т ь ; declare steward [ ' s t j u : a d ] п стюард; stewardess [,stju:a'des] п с т ю а р д е с с а ; syn.
peace (war) 2. п р е д ъ я в л я т ь в е щ и , о б л а г а е м ы е п о ш л и н о й (на air hostess
таможне); Have you a n y t h i n g to declare? swallow [ ' s w D b u ] v глотать, п р о г л а т ы в а т ь
declaration [.dekb'reijn] n 1. д е к л а р а ц и я (документ); declaration of take after smb. п о й т и в кого-л.; б ы т ь п о х о ж и м на кого-л.; Your
rights 2. о б ъ я в л е н и е , з а я в л е н и е ; declaration of war; to m a k e a d a u g h t e r doesn't take after you at all.
declaration 3. т а м о ж е н н а я д е к л а р а ц и я take smb./smth. for smb./smth. п р и н и м а т ь к о г о - л . / ч т о - л . за к о г о - л . /
discount ['diskaunt] n ком. с к и д к а , с б а в к а ; to give 10 p e r c e n t dis что-л.; W h o do you take me for? I took the m a n with h i m for his
count father.
due to ['dju:tu:] prep б л а г о д а р я , вследствие, в результате; H i s d e a t h take off [ ' t e i k ' D i ] phr v взлетать, о т р ы в а т ь с я от з е м л и ; T h e plane
was due t o p n e u m o n i a . takes off at six. С а м о л е т в ы л е т а е т в ш е с т ь .
dutiable ['dju:tiabl] а п о д л е ж а щ и й о б л о ж е н и ю ( т а м о ж е н н о й ) по take-off п в ы л е т ; Не reached t h e airport 10 m i n u t e s before t h e take
ш л и н о й ; dutiable articles т о в а р ы , о б л а г а е м ы е п о ш л и н о й off.
duty ['djurti] и г е р б о в ы й с б о р , налог, п о ш л и н а ; c u s t o m s duties та taxi ['tasksi] v 1. ехать на т а к с и 2. р у л и т ь
моженные пошлины terminal [Чз:тш1] п 1. к о н е ч н ы й п у н к т , к о н е ч н а я с т а н ц и я 2. амер.
duty-free [,dju:ti'fri:] а не п о д л е ж а щ и й о б л о ж е н и ю т а м о ж е н н о й по в о к з а л ; railroad (bus) t e r m i n a l ж.-д. в о к з а л ( а в т о в о к з а л ) ; air
ш л и н о й или с б о р о м ways (air) t e r m i n a l а э р о в о к з а л
ensure [in'Jua] у о б е с п е ч и в а т ь , г а р а н т и р о в а т ь ; We c a n n o t ensure tower [Чаиэ] п б а ш н я , в ы ш к а
success. trolley ['troli] п т е л е ж к а , в а г о н е т к а
escort [i'sko:t] v с о п р о в о ж д а т ь , п р о в о ж а т ь , э с к о р т и р о в а т ь turbulent ['t3:bj9bnt] а б у р н ы й ; t u r b u l e n t waves
excess [ik'ses] n и з б ы т о к , и з л и ш е к ; excess weight л и ш н и й вес, turbulence ['t3:bjobns] n б у р н о с т ь
и з л и ш н и й вес; excess baggage и з л и ш е к б а г а ж а , б а г а ж в ы ш е whir [w3:] v 1. ж у ж ж а т ь , с т р е к о т а т ь 2. ш у м е т ь (о машине и т.п.)
нормы
fasten ['fa:sn] v п р и к р е п л я т ь , с в я з ы в а т ь ; Please fasten your seat-
belts. Unit 29
flash [flaej] v в с п ы х и в а т ь ; T h e l i g h t n i n g flashed across t h e sky.
blacksmith ['blaeksmiO] п к у з н е ц
gift [ g i f t ] n п о д а р о к
fascinate ['faesineit] v о ч а р о в ы в а т ь , п р и в о д и т ь в в о с х и щ е н и е , пле
halt |ho:lt] n о с т а н о в к а , п р и в а л ; to c o m e to a halt о с т а н о в и т ь с я
н я т ь ; T h e idea of going on a sea voyage fascinated h i m . I've always
lotion [ ' b u j n ] n ж и д к о е к о с м е т и ч е с к о е средство, л о с ь о н ; h a n d lo
been fascinated by his ideas.
tion
fascinating ['faesmeitin] a 1. о ч а р о в а т е л ь н ы й , о б в о р о ж и т е л ь н ы й ,
luxury [ЧлкГэп] n р о с к о ш ь ; to live in luxury
п л е н и т е л ь н ы й ; fascinating smile; fascinating w o m a n 2. увлека
rattle ['rastl] v т р е щ а т ь , грохотать; T h e windows rattled in t h e wind,
т е л ь н ы й , з а х в а т ы в а ю щ и й ; fascinating idea
refinery [ п ' т а т э п ] n н е ф т е о ч и с т и т е л ь н ы й завод; oil refinery
glance [glams] n б ы с т р ы й в з г л я д ; at a glance с п е р в о г о в з г л я д а ; He
refund ['ri:fAnd] n в о з м е щ е н и е (убытков), у п л а т а (долга)
saw at a glance t h a t she'd been crying.
runway [ ' r A n w e i ] n в з л е т н о - п о с а д о ч н а я п о л о с а
glance [glams] v м е л ь к о м в з г л я н у т ь ; to glance at one's watch
scales [skeilz] n весы
go out phr v п о г а с н у т ь ; T h e lights went out in t h e big tent.
scheduled ['Jedju:ld] а з а п л а н и р о в а н н ы й ; scheduled flight р е й с о в ы й
haunt [homt] v п о я в л я т ь с я , я в л я т ь с я , о б и т а т ь (о привидении, при
полет, полет п о р а с п и с а н и ю
зраке и т.п.)
innovation [ . i n a ' v e i j n ] п н о в о в в е д е н и е , н о в ш е с т в о ; a n innovation in suffer ['sAfa] v с т р а д а т ь ; t o suffer p a i n (thirst) и с п ы т ы в а т ь б о л ь

technology (жажду); to suffer from h e a d a c h e s (rheumatism) с т р а д а т ь от го
moan [maun] v с т о н а т ь ; to m o a n with p a i n л о в н ы х болей (от р е в м а т и з м а )
oyster [ o i s t a ] n у с т р и ц а work v д е й с т в о в а т ь , о к а з ы в а т ь д е й с т в и е , в о з ы м е т ь д е й с т в и е ; T h e
scornful ['skomfl] а п р е з р и т е л ь н ы й , п р е н е б р е ж и т е л ь н ы й ; to be m e d i c i n e d i d n ' t work.
scornful of smb., s m t h .
scornfully ['skamfalr] adv п р е з р и т е л ь н о , п р е н е б р е ж и т е л ь н о , с пре
Unit 31
зрением
seek [si:k] v (sought) (часто с for, after) и с к а т ь , р а з ы с к и в а т ь ; пы block [blok] v 1. п р е г р а ж д а т ь , б л о к и р о в а т ь 2. з а к у п о р и в а т ь , засо
т а т ь с я н а й т и ; T h e y sought in vain for somewhere to shelter. рять
shadow ['Jaedau] n т е н ь (от предметов); t h e shadow of t h e house (of cash [kasf] и н а л и ч н ы е д е н ь г и ; to pay cash р а с п л а т и т ь с я на м е с т е
t h e tree) (наличными)
sip [ s i p ] v п и т ь м а л е н ь к и м и г л о т к а м и ; п о т я г и в а т ь (вино и т.п.); to chambermaid ['tfeimbameid] п г о р н и ч н а я (занимающаяся уборкой,
sip wine; to sip coffee стелющая постели и т.п.)
stable ['steibl] n к о н ю ш н я , хлев, с т о й л о check in ['tjek'in] phr v р е г и с т р и р о в а т ь с я (в гостинице, на собрании
stimulate ['stimjuleit] v в о з б у ж д а т ь , с т и м у л и р о в а т ь ; T h e exhibition и т.п.)
h a s stimulated interest in her work, check out ['tfek'aut] phr v р а с п л а т и т ь с я в г о с т и н и ц е и уехать
trap [trasp] v 1. с т а в и т ь л о в у ш к и , к а п к а н ы ; л о в и т ь в ловушки, clog [kk>g] v з а с о р я т ь с я , з а г р я з н я т ь с я ; T h e pipe is clogged. Труба
к а п к а н ы 2. заманивать в ловушку, обманывать; Help! I ' m засорилась.
trapped! currency [ ' k A r a n s i ] n в а л ю т а , д е н ь г и ; foreign c u r r e n c y
drain [drem] v в ы т е к а т ь , у т е к а т ь , с т е к а т ь ; T h e water will soon d r a i n
Unit 3 0 away.
eminent ['eminant] а в ы д а ю щ и й с я , з н а м е н и т ы й ; в и д н ы й , з а н и м а
bald [ba:ld] а л ы с ы й , п л е ш и в ы й ; to go bald л ы с е т ь ю щ и й в ы с о к о е п о л о ж е н и е ; e m i n e n t scientists; e m i n e n t writers
bother ['boda] v н а д о е д а т ь , д о к у ч а т ь , б е с п о к о и т ь ; D o n ' t b o t h e r me facility [fa'sihti] n обыкнов. pi удобства, средства о б с л у ж и в а н и я ;
with foolish questions, good t r a n s p o r t a t i o n facilities
chest [tjest] n г р у д н а я к л е т к а , грудь fair [fea] а и с т и н н ы й , с п р а в е д л и в ы й ; fair price
commute [ka'mju:t] v е з д и т ь е ж е д н е в н о на р а б о т у из п р и г о р о д а в faithful [TeiGfl] а в е р н ы й , п р е д а н н ы й ; faithful friend ( h u s b a n d )
город и о б р а т н о (обыкн. по сезонному билету); She c o m m u t e s faithfully [TeiGfali] adv в е р н о , ч е с т н о ; yours faithfully с совершен
from Oxford to L o n d o n every day. н ы м п о ч т е н и е м , г о т о в ы й к у с л у г а м (заключение письма)
commuter [ k a ' m j u : t a ] n ж и т е л ь п р и г о р о д а , р а б о т а ю щ и й в городе и fill in (out) phr v з а п о л н я т ь ; to fill in (out) a form з а п о л н и т ь б л а н к
е ж е д н е в н о е з д я щ и й на р а б о т у п о е з д о м , а в т о б у с о м и т.п. fortnight ['fo:tnait] n д в е н е д е л и
desperate ['desparit] а о т ч а я н н ы й ; д о в е д е н н ы й до о т ч а я н и я ; без lodge [ЬсЩ и д о м и к
р а с с у д н ы й ; desperate a t t e m p t ; I h e a r d s o u n d s of a desperate lodging ['loDcrjin] n 1. (временное) ж и л ь е , п о м е щ е н и е ; to find (a)
struggle, just above my r o o m . lodging for t h e night 2. обыкн. pi с д а в а е м а я к о м н а т а
insomnia [ m ' s D m n i a ] n б е с с о н н и ц а mean [mi:n] а м е л о ч н ы й , п р и д и р ч и в ы й ; to be m e a n to smb. мелоч
lawn [lorn] n л у ж а й к а с п о д с т р и ж е н н о й т р а в о й , г а з о н но п р и д и р а т ь с я к кому-л.
mow [ т а и ] v (mowed; mowed, m o w n ) к о с и т ь , ж а т ь ; to m o w c o r n , to occupy ['okjupai] v з а н и м а т ь ; to o c c u p y a house (rooms, a cottage);
m o w grass to o c c u p y a seat
patient ['pei/nt] а т е р п е л и в ы й ; to be patient with/towards smb.; She is plug [р1лд] n п р о б к а , з а т ы ч к а
very patient with young children. reception [n'sepjh] n п р и е м (гостей, официальных представителей и
prescribe [pn'skraib] v п р о п и с ы в а т ь ; to prescribe a m e d i c i n e (a holi т.п.); state reception т о р ж е с т в е н н ы й п р и е м ; reception desk кон
day) т о р к а п о р т ь е ; reception clerk п о р т ь е , д е ж у р н ы й г о с т и н и ц ы
rollaway ['raulawei] п с к л а д ы в а ю щ а я с я к р о в а т ь на р о л и к а х
splash [splaej] v б р ы з г а т ь , р а з л е т а т ь с я б р ы з г а м и ; T h e water splashed
on t h e floor. IV. Ключи к упражнениям
still [stil] cj все же, т е м не менее, о д н а к о ; T h e pain was bad, still he
did not c o m p l a i n ,
(Self Check)
suite [swi:t] n н о м е р л ю к с (в гостинице)
Unit 1
suspicious [sas'pifas] а п о д о з р и т е л ь н ы й , н е д о в е р ч и в ы й ; to be (feel)
suspicious of (about) smb.; I b e c a m e suspicious as soon as I saw /. 1. 1 have d o n e ; 2. T h e delegation h a s already arrived ... we
him. haven't spoken; 3. I read ... I haven't read; 4. Have you m a d e ; I haven't
tax [tasks] n н а л о г ; to pay taxes m a d e ; 5. She h a s gone; 6. Have you ever been; I have b e e n ; 7. I've just
been ... I've b o u g h t ; 8. We haven't seen ... we saw; 9. He h a s h a d ; He
h a s broken; 10. Have you finished; I have just b e g u n ; 11. have you
Unit 32 brought; 12. Have you ever found; I haven't; 13. H a s Mr West sold; he
has; H e sold; H a s h e moved
actually ['asktfuali] adv ф а к т и ч е с к и , на с а м о м деле; в действитель
н о с т и ; п о - н а с т о я щ е м у ; Do you actually m e a n it? You are actu 2. I. Have you ever played chess with Victor? D o e s he play chess
ally t h e only friend 1 have. well? — I d o n ' t know. I have never played chess with h i m . 2. H o w is
casually ['кэезиэЬ] adv 1. с л у ч а й н о ; м и м о х о д о м 2. н е ч а я н н о , не A n n ? I haven't seen her lately. — She is fine, t h a n k you. — A n d how
п р е д н а м е р е н н о 3. н е б р е ж н о , к о е - к а к ; н е в н и м а т е л ь н о , поверх is your son? H a s he finished school? — Yes, he is a student already.
ностно 3. I must pack t h e suitcase. — D o n ' t worry, I have already packed it.
concern [k3n's3:n] v б е с п о к о и т ь , в о л н о в а т ь , з а б о т и т ь ; to be c o n c e r n e d 4. My nephew is only five, but he has already learnt to read well. 5. Have
about smb.'s health; Everybody was c o n c e r n e d at t h e news. you ever b e e n to E n g l a n d ? — Yes, I was there two years ago. 6. W h a t
concerning [kan's3:nin] prep о, о т н о с и т е л ь н о ; к а с а т е л ь н о ; T h e r e were has h a p p e n e d ? — I have broken my favourite cup. 7. We have bought
some inquiries c o n c e r n i n g his health. a new TV set. I like it very m u c h . 8. N i n a is upset. She h a s n ' t passed
her exam. 9. Will N i c k c o m e to t h e party? — N o , he has gone away on
devote [di'vaut] v п о с в я щ а т ь , о т д а в а т ь (себя) ц е л и к о м ; to devote
business. 10. Shall we w a t c h TV tonight? — I haven't repaired it yet.
o n e ' s life to art
11. Have you signed t h e d o c u m e n t s ? — Yes, you may take t h e m .
devoted [di'vautid] а п р е д а н н ы й , н е ж н ы й , л ю б я щ и й ; devoted moth
er; devoted father a n d h u s b a n d ; a few devoted friends; T h e y are
Unit 2
devoted to each other.
dent [dent] n в м я т и н а /. 1. Have you heard; He has broken; H o w did t h a t h a p p e n ;
overseas [,auva'si:z] adv за м о р е м ; за г р а н и ц е й ; ч е р е з м о р е ; за гра 2. I have just r e t u r n e d ; D i d you go; H o w long did you stay; 3. Have
н и ц у ; to go overseas; to live overseas you h a d ; D i d you cut; A n n cut; 4. S o m e b o d y h a s spilt; it wasn't me; it
pump [ р л т р ] n н а с о с was; 5. D i d you see; 6. S o m e b o d y h a s t a k e n ; 7. I d i d n ' t eat... I d i d n ' t
shelter ['Jelta] n к р о в , п р и с т а н и щ е , п р и ю т , у б е ж и щ е feel; 8. W h y d i d n ' t J i m want; He was; 9. he h a s gone o u t ; did he go
shelter ['Jelta] v 1. п р и ю т и т ь ; д а т ь п р и ю т 2. з а щ и щ а т ь , у к р ы в а т ь ; o u t ; 10. Have you seen; I have; I saw; did you t h i n k ; I d i d n ' t like;
A wall sheltered us from the wind.; у к р ы т ь с я , с п р я т а т ь с я (тж. to И. I went; Have you ever b e e n ; B a r b a r a h a s already b e e n ; She loved;
shelter oneself); We sheltered (ourselves) from t h e weather b e h i n d she h a s never eaten; W h a t did you order; I had ... M a r y tried; T h e y
a rock. were b o t h ; 12. I have never b e e n ; I went; I did; Have you ever b e e n ; a
friend of m i n e stayed; He enjoyed
2. 1. have p u t ; 2. is; 3. have seen; 4. have finished (finish); 5. re

t u r n ; 6. have read; 7. has seen; 8. have talked; 9. die; 10. have seen;
11. have gone; 12. wake; 13. refuses; 14. have gone; 15. have had;
16. h a s set (sets); 17. h a s finished; 18. have left; 19. have decided;
20. have asked
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II
IV. Ключи к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 537
3. 1. I have never b e e n to C h i n a , but I have been to J a p a n . It was

t h r e e years ago. 2. W h e r e is my textbook? 1 have just left it here. H a s 10. R o b e r t is absent today. He has b e e n ill for two weeks. 11. How
anybody been here? 3. Kate went to t h e c i n e m a two h o u r s ago a n d she long have you b e e n collecting stamps? — F o r ten years. 12. W h a t have
h a s n ' t c o m e back yet. 4. H a s Victor repaired t h e TV set? — N o t yet. you b e e n d o i n g all this time? — I have been w a t c h i n g TV. 13. Have
5. Have you b o o k e d t h e tickets yet? — N o t yet. — W h y d i d n ' t you do you b e e n sitting here long? — Since 10 o'clock. 14. My b r o t h e r is in
t h a t yesterday? — I forgot all about t h a t . 6. Have you ever been to t h e Moscow. I haven't h e a r d from h i m for a m o n t h . 15. I haven't m e t Nick
Bolshoi theatre? — Yes. — W h a t did you see? — " S w a n L a k e . " — Did since we passed t h e last e x a m . 16. T h e students have just left. T h e y
you enjoy t h e ballet? — Yes, t h e music is wonderful, t h e d a n c i n g was have b e e n here all day long.
superb. 7. I'll go h o m e after I have finished (finish) my work. 8. She'll
have d i n n e r after she h a s u n p a c k e d (unpacks) her t h i n g s . 9. I'll wire
Unit 5
as soon as I c o m e to Odessa. 10. I'll go h o m e only after t h e ship h a s
d i s a p p e a r e d (disappears). 11. She h a s locked herself in a n d w o n ' t c o m e /. 1. S o m e b o d y has broken; 2. J o h n has forgotten; I have b e e n
d o w n till they've gone. 12. I'll tell h i m to bring t h e key back w h e n he expecting; 3. W h a t has h a p p e n e d ; 4. Haven't you finished; You have
h a s h a d a look r o u n d t h e house. b e e n reading; 5. I have b e e n c o o k i n g ; 6. W h a t have you b e e n doing;
I have been sitting; 7. I have lost; 8. Have you b e e n working; 9. He h a s
a p p e a r e d ; 10. I've b e e n cleaning; I have cleaned; 11. I haven't b e e n
Unit3 waiting
/. 1. the; 2. —; 3. a n ; 4. a; 5. t h e ; 6. a; 7. the; 8. t h e ; 9. t h e ; 10. the;
2. 1. I've been writing a letter t h e whole evening. I have already
11. a; 12. - ; 13. the; 14. a
written five pages. 2. We have b e e n writing t h e test p a p e r for 45 min
2. what are you a n d your sister going; I d o n ' t know; W h a t are you utes already. S o m e of t h e students have already finished it. 3. Have
doing; We are going; W h e r e do you go; We have tried ... we prefer; Do you b e e n waiting for me long? — N o , I have just c o m e . 4. W h a t have
you take ... stay; we are t a k i n g ; It'll be; it is; I'll talk ... she t h i n k s . you b e e n d o i n g this m o r n i n g ? — We have been p l a n t i n g trees in the
garden. — H o w m a n y trees have you planted? — Seven. 5. I have b e e n
3. Hello, A n d r e w ! G l a d to see you. — Hello, Victor! I haven't seen
translating t h e article for two h o u r s , b u t I haven't translated it yet.
you for ages. W h e r e have you b e e n all t h i s time? — You see, I've just
r e t u r n e d from E n g l a n d . Have you ever b e e n there? — I ' m sorry but
I haven't. But I ' m going t h e r e next year. D i d you enjoy y o u r trip? — Unit 6
C e r t a i n l y . L o n d o n is o n e of t h e most beautiful cities I've ever seen.
I stayed t h e r e for two weeks a n d I h a d a g o o d t i m e . C o m e to see me /. 1. Mr Clark worked; 2. She h a s lived; 3. T h e y have b e e n mar
o n e of t h e s e days. I'll show you my p i c t u r e s . — All right. See you ried; 4. we were ... t h e weather was; 5. T h e weather has been; 6. I have
soon. never met; 7. We spoke; 8. I haven't spoken
2. 1. A n n a n d I agreed to go to t h e c i n e m a yesterday. I waited

Unit 4
for h e r outside the c i n e m a half an hour, but she d i d n ' t c o m e . I d o n ' t
1. Victor h a s just r e t u r n e d from L o n d o n . I haven't seen h i m since know what h a s h a p p e n e d to her. 2. W h e n did you last see Robert? —
last year. 2. H o w long have you b e e n m a r r i e d ? — T h r e e years. 3. Have I haven't seen h i m for two weeks. 3. H o w long have you b e e n mar
you ever read English books in t h e original? — N o . I have b e e n study ried? — I got m a r r i e d t h r e e years ago. 4. W h e r e did you rest last sum
ing English only half a year. 4. W h e r e have you been? I have b e e n wait mer? — In t h e C a u c a s u s . — H o w long did you stay there? — About
ing for you since five o'clock. 5. W h a t are you doing now? — I have a m o n t h . 5. Yesterday I c a m e h o m e from work at 6 o'clock, relaxed
b e e n translating an article for two h o u r s already. 6. I haven't seen your for about an hour, a n d t h e n I went to visit my friend. 6. W h e r e is t h e
sister lately. — She h a s b e e n in the C r i m e a t h e whole m o n t h . 7. W h o key? I've b e e n looking for it (for) half an h o u r already. 7. How long
has t a k e n my dictionary? I have b e e n looking for it for half an hour. have you b e e n here? — I c a m e here an h o u r ago. — D i d you m e e t
8. I ' m tired. I have b e e n working in t h e g a r d e n all day long. 9. How Victor? — Yes, we talked for t e n m i n u t e s a n d t h e n he left. 8. H o w long
long have you been p r e p a r i n g for your exams? — F o r a m o n t h already. have you had this car? — Five years. 9. H o w long have you lived in
Moscow? — Since 1978.
538 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II IV. Ключи к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 539
Unit 7 29. a; 30. a; 31. a; 32. a; 33. a; 34. a; 35. a, a; 36. a; 37. a; 38. a;
39. t h e ; 40. t h e ; 4 1 . t h e ; 42. t h e ; 43. t h e ; 44. —; 45. t h e ; 46. —;
/. 1. since; 2. for; 3. since; 4. for; 5. from ... to/until, since; 6. since; 47. t h e ; 4 8 . - ; 49. t h e ; 50. t h e ; 51. t h e ; 52. t h e ; 53. a n , t h e ; a; t h e ;
7. for; 8. for; 9. for; 10. from ... to/till, since; 11. for; 12. since; 13. for; 54. a, - ; 55. - ; -
14. since; 15. for
2. 1 .This is t h e house I live in. 2. T h i s is the ring he gave m e .
2. 1. It was still r a i n i n g ... I c a m e ; It h a s b e e n r a i n i n g ; 2. I have 3. T h e c a r which was found yesterday belongs to her brother. 4. T h e
b e e n sitting; I have already d r u n k ; 3. W h a t have you b e e n d o i n g ; vase that was s t a n d i n g here was broken yesterday. 5. T h e m a n she is
I haven't seen; 4. T h e y haven't b e e n working; T h e y have b e e n ; 5. It talking to is my boss. 6. T h e girl w h o brought the telegram looked very
h a s n ' t rained; 6. I have b e e n going; 7. Peter h a s b e e n writing; He h a s tired. 7. T h i s is t h e hotel which was built last year. 8. T h e m a n you
already written; 8. I have b e e n sleeping ... I haven't woken; 9. b o u g h t . . . are s p e a k i n g about is in t h e next r o o m . 9. T h a t is t h e student we saw
I haven't w o r n ; 10. He has already seen; He saw ... he was; 11. W h e n did at t h e t h e a t r e yesterday. 10. T h e b o o k I'm reading is very interesting.
you meet; I met; 12. Have you ever spoken; I spoke; 13. Peter h a s lived; 11. Yesterday I met my old s c h o o l m a t e w h o m I recognized at o n c e .
He lived ... he went; 14. I have just h a d ; I finished; 15. I have m a d e ; 12. He is t h e most interesting m a n I've ever met. 13. T h i s is t h e t h i n g
I m a d e ; 16. I have never played ... I played ... I was; 17. I haven't h e a r d I need. 14. T h e r e are a lot of people in o u r office w h o speak English
... she went; 18. I lay; 19. Have you ever travelled; I went; 20. Have you well. 15. T h e student whose n o t e b o o k I showed you studies/does very
lived; I have lived; I was b o r n ; Have you b e e n ; I went; 21. How long well. 16. W h e r e is the letter I gave you to read? 17. He picked up the
have you b e e n ; 1 arrived; I have b e e n ; Have you seen; 22. W i l l i a m s parcel which she had d r o p p e d . 18. Here is t h e m o n e y you lost. 19. T h i s
live; T h e y have only lived; T h e y arrived ... a r r a n g e d ; T h e y haven't is t h e town I was b o r n in. 20. He is t h e m a n w h o helped me. 21. T h i s is
m a d e ... they t h i n k ; T h e neighbours have b e e n ... Mr W i l l i a m s has in the news t h a t surprised everybody. 22. W h o is t h e girl you are looking
vited ... he will hold; H i s friends are c o m i n g (will c o m e ) ; T h e W i l l i a m s at? 23. T h i s is t h e school I studied in.
family lived ... they c a m e ; Mr W i l l i a m s d i d n ' t like; he was visiting ...
he met ... w h o offered; M r s W i l l i a m s w a n t e d ... t h e y arrived ... t h e sun
was s h i n i n g ... she began; 23. Jack looked; Jill arrived; I have b e e n U n i t 10
waiting; he said; Were you; Jack went; he said; I got ... you were n o t ;
/. 1. out of; 2. inside; 3. next to; 4. off; 5. at; 6. b e h i n d ; 7. o n t o ;
I c a m e ... waited ... you d i d n ' t c o m e ; W h a t have you b e e n doing; Jack
8. up; 9. into; 10. down; 11. across; 12. towards; 13. along; 14. past;
asked; I have just b e e n 15. at; 16. near; 17. in front of; 18. o n ; 19. opposite; 20. r o u n d
3. 1. Mr S m i t h is waiting for you. — H o w long h a s he b e e n wait 2. 1. to; 2. down; 3. to; 4. down; 5. to; 6. at; 7. in; 8. in; 9. from;
ing? — About twenty m i n u t e s . — Let h i m c o m e in. 2. W h e r e are t h e 10. of; 11. from; 12. t o ; 13. at; 14. to; 15. o n ; 16. inside; 17. o n ; 18. d o w n ;
letters? I w a n t to send t h e m today. — T h e secretary h a s just brought 19. inside; 20. off
t h e m . She h a s been typing t h e whole day. 3. C a n (May) I speak to Mr
Voronov? — I ' m afraid not. He h a s just gone out. 4. Let's go to t h e 3. 1. o n ; 2. by; 3. o n the; 4. by; 5. by; 6. by; 7. on the; 8. by; 9. in
c i n e m a . We haven't b e e n at t h e c i n e m a for ages. — G o o d idea. N i c k the; 10. o n ; 11. in his; 12. by; 13. on t h e / t h a t ; 14. by/on a; 15. on a n /
his
says t h a t he h a s seen an interesting detective at t h e Rossiya c i n e m a .
Would you like to see it? — Yes, I ' m very fond of detectives. 5. W h e n 4. 1. Excuse m e , sir. D o e s t h e 27 bus stop here? — Yes. W h e r e do
did you g r a d u a t e from t h e Institute? — In 1990. — How long have you you want to go? — To t h e a i r p o r t . — T h e 27 will take you there. —
worked at this plant? — Five years. — W h e r e did you work before? — T h a n k you. 2. Excuse me, sir, I'm afraid I'm lost. C a n you help me?
At a research institute. — W h e r e do you want to go? — To the M i n s k hotel. — It is five blocks
away from here. Go along this street as far as t h e traffic lights. Do
you see it? — Yes. — T h e n t u r n left at t h e traffic lights, walk t h r e e
Unit 9
blocks a n d you will see t h e M i n s k hotel. — T h a n k you. — N o t at all.
/. 1. t h e ; 2. a n ; 3. t h e ; 4. a; 5. a; 6. t h e ; 7. a; —; 8. a; 9. a; 10. t h e ; 3. Excuse me, how do I get to t h e C e n t r a l D e p a r t m e n t Store? — Take
11. a; 12. t h e ; 13. t h e ; 14. t h e ; 15. t h e ; 16. t h e ; 17. - ; 18. t h e ; 19. t h e ; a n u m b e r 84 bus and go as far as t h e C e n t r a l D e p a r t m e n t Store bus
20. t h e ; 21. - ; 22. a; 2 3 . a; 24. t h e ; 25. a; 26. a; 27. t h e ; 28. - ; stop. It will take you about twenty m i n u t e s to get t h e r e . Ask s o m e b o d y
540 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II IV. К л ю ч и к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 541
to tell you where to get off. — T h a n k you. — T h a t ' s O K . 4. Excuse me, Unit 12
d o e s this bus go to t h e station? — N o , you need t h e ( n u m b e r ) 31. It will
1.1 went to the post office a n d bought s o m e s t a m p s a n d envelopes.
take you straight to t h e station. 5. W h a t trolleybus do you take to get to
2. Would you like some tea? 3. I haven't got any t i m e (I have no time)
work? — I d o n ' t go by trolleybus. First I take a bus, a n d t h e n I c h a n g e
to go t h e r e . 4. You c a n Find h i m here any day between five a n d six.
for t h e u n d e r g r o u n d . 6. C o u l d you tell me if there is a post office not
5. If you have some/any free t i m e , read this book. 6. S o m e of t h e work
far from here? — Yes, t h e r e is o n e at t h e end of t h e street.
is already d o n e . 7. Are there any English m a g a z i n e s in your library?
8. S o m e of t h e b o o k s t h a t you gave me are very interesting a n d s o m e
U n i t 11 are not interesting at all. 9. C a n (Could) you give me some p a p e r a n d a
pen? I w a n t to write a letter. 10. C o m e to see me any t i m e ( = a n y t i m e ) .
/. 1. We shall have finished; 2. T h e lesson will have started; 3. He
11. W h e r e c a n I buy some envelopes? 12. S o m e of t h e first-year stu
will have b e e n living (will have lived); 4. He will have b e g u n ; 5. T h e y
d e n t s have already t a k e n t h e i r English e x a m . 13. S o m e b o d y / S o m e o n e
will have b e e n travelling; 6. She will have h a d ; 7. T h e y will have built; left t h e d o o r o p e n . 14. Did anybody/anyone p h o n e me? 15. D i d any
8. I will have spent; 9. We shall have b e e n flying; 10. T h e play will have body/anyone c o m e here while I was out? 16. C a n you tell me some
b e g u n ; 11. they will have c o m p l e t e d ; 12. I will have b e e n working t h i n g about t h e life of t h i s writer? 17. I haven't read either of these
2. 1. she a n d A r t h u r h a d held; 2. Peter was going ... he saw ... he b o o k s , b u t T o m h a s read b o t h of t h e m . 18. I haven't told anybody/
h a d n ' t met; 3. I h a d n ' t fallen ... I h e a r d ; 4. I spoke ... I t h o u g h t ... anyone about it. 19. We d i d n ' t meet anybody/anyone in t h e corridor.
I had met; 5. we got ... we found ... the t r a i n h a d already left; I was 20. W h e r e c a n I get s o m e t h i n g to d r i n k ? 21. Have you read a n y t h i n g
waiting I was reading; 6. they h a d gone ... I went; 7. I got back ... they on this subject? 22. O n e of you told me about it. 23. If you find any
h a d sold; 8. He was ... he h a d b e e n working; 9. she o p e n e d ... she read; t h i n g / s o m e t h i n g interesting in t h i s m a g a z i n e , send it to m e , please.
24. Any of you c a n do it. 25. Anybody/Anyone can u n d e r s t a n d it.
10. T h e y had b e e n sitting ... t h e taxi finally arrived; 11. T h e y left ...
26. N o b o d y / N o o n e knew t h e i r address. 27. N o t h i n g is k n o w n about
he h a d finished; 12. He quickly forgot ... he h a d learnt; 13. we c a m e
it yet. 28. N o n e of t h e m c a m e yesterday. 29. Did you go a n y w h e r e
... t h e S m i t h s h a d already lived; 14. He told ... he h a d b e e n fishing ...
yesterday? — N o , I d i d n ' t , but I shall go somewhere t o m o r r o w . 30. Do
he h a d never c a u g h t ; 15. she ( h a d ) h e a r d ... she p h o n e d ; 16. he looked
you eat m u c h fruit? 31. H o w m u c h did you pay for your dictionary?
... he u n d e r s t o o d ... he h a d got off; 17. Jack h a d d o n e ; He went; T h e
32. I got a lot of useful information on t h i s subject from h i m . 33. M a n y
weather was; It h a d stopped ... t h e m o o n was s h i n i n g . 18. Judy's father
of these b o o k s belong to me. 34. T h e r e weren't m a n y c h i l d r e n in t h e
had m a n a g e d ; T h e y caught ... spent; they arrived ... j o i n e d ; T h e y real
park yesterday. 35. You have bought t o o little meat. 36. I have a little
ized they h a d left
free t i m e . I c a n help you. 37. I have a few relatives but they all/all of
3. 1. W h e n I c a m e to see Victor, he wasn't at h o m e . He h a d gone t h e m live in St. Petersburg. 38. You have m a d e very few mistakes in
to t h e station to meet h i s friend. 2. T h e tourists h a d b e e n waiting for your c o m p o s i t i o n . 39. We were all (All of us were) very excited. 40. You
the bus very long, so w h e n it arrived, it was already t o o late a n d they are b o t h right. ( B o t h of you are right.) 41. B o t h (the) travellers looked
d i d n ' t want to go anywhere. 3. W h e n I h a d told h i m everything, he tired. 42. N e i t h e r of t h e m knew your address. 43. T h e y c a n b o t h help
u n d e r s t o o d what h a d h a p p e n e d . 4. She looked at t h e watch. It was you. 44. All were ready (Everybody was ready) for t h e e x a m i n a t i o n .
about 12 o'clock. She h a d b e e n working at her r e p o r t for six h o u r s . 45. Every schoolboy knows this rule. 46. E a c h of t h e m h a s got an
5. By t h e end of J u n e I h a d passed all my e x a m s a n d was free. 6. On invitation to t h e party. 47. I like neither this b o o k n o r t h a t . 48. T h e
Friday he wasn't at work. T h e day before he h a d gone away on busi guests sat on either side of a long table. 49. Either he or I must go
ness. 7. W h e n I called N i c k , I learnt t h a t he h a d b e e n ill for two t h e r e . 50. W h i c h of t h e two books m a y I take? — You m a y take either.
weeks. 8. I h a d worked at a plant before I entered t h e I n s t i t u t e . 9. T h e 51. I c a n agree in neither case. 52. Wait a little, please. I must put on
m e e t i n g h a d n ' t b e g u n yet w h e n we c a m e . 10. W h e n I c a m e h o m e , t h e a n o t h e r jacket. 53. W h y are there so few students in t h e classroom?
c h i l d r e n were already sleeping. My wife said t h a t they h a d been sleep W h e r e are the others? 54. He h a s two brothers. O n e of t h e m lives in
ing since 9 o'clock. 11. Victor said t h a t he had reserved a r o o m at the M o s c o w a n d the o t h e r lives in Brest. 55. S o m e of us went by t r a i n ,
U k r a i n e hotel. 12. He h a d lived abroad for t h r e e years before he c a m e a n d t h e others went by plane. 56. I'll answer t h e letter myself. 57. He
d o e s n ' t like to speak about himself. 58. T h e y w a n t to do it themselves.
to Moscow.
59. D o n ' t shave in t h e dark, you will cut yourself. 60. She'll bring you a ticket. — So have I. 11. Yesterday I saw A n n . — So did 1. 12. I d i d n ' t
t h e dictionary herself. 61. D o n ' t worry. We'll do this work ourselves. enjoy t h e c o n c e r t . — Neither did I. 13. I ' m glad to see you. — So am I.
62. D o n ' t h u r t yourselves, c h i l d r e n ! 14. I s h a n ' t be present at t h e m e e t i n g . — N e i t h e r shall I.
3. a r e n ' t you; a r e n ' t you; d o n ' t you; d o n ' t you; d i d n ' t you; were
U n i t 14 you; a r e n ' t you; d i d n ' t you; weren't you; did you; d i d n ' t you; do you;
d i d n ' t you; d i d n ' t you; weren't you; d i d n ' t you; wasn't t h e r e ; do you;
/. A. t o ; past; at; to; near; from; of; o n ; for; for; with; of; of; for; am I; isn't it
out of; at
4. 1. You live in Tsentralnaya Street, d o n ' t you? — Yes, I have lived
B. t o ; for; for; for; to; to; t o ; for; t o ; to; after
there for five years. — You know Oleg Lobov, d o n ' t you? — Yes, he is
2. 1. - , a; - ; 2. t h e ; 3. - , - ; 4. t h e ; 5. t h e ; 6. t h e ; 7. t h e , - ; 8. —; my neighbour. — C a n you give h i m my message? — Sure. 2. N i c k left
9. - , - ; 10. - ; 11. - ; 12. - , a, a, - ; 13. - , t h e ; 14. - , - ; 15. a, - ; for St. Petersburg last week, d i d n ' t he? — Yes, he did. — He h a s n ' t
16. - ; 17. t h e , - ; 18. a; 19. t h e ; 20. t h e ; 21. t h e ; 22. a; 23. t h e c o m e back yet, h a s he? — N o , he h a s n ' t . — But he will r e t u r n by
Saturday, w o n ' t he? — I t h i n k so. 3. You c a n ' t play chess, c a n you? —
3. 1. a; 2. - ; 3. t h e ; 4. t h e ; 5. a; 6. t h e ; 7. - ; 8. - ; 9. t h e ; 10. a;
N o , I c a n ' t . — But you play d r a u g h t s , d o n ' t you? — Yes, I do. — T h e n
П. - ; 12. - ; 13. - ; 14. - ; 15. - ; 16. - ; 17. a; 18. t h e ; 19. t h e ; 20. - ; let's play a g a m e of d r a u g h t s .
21. t h e ; 22. t h e ; 23. - ; 24. a; 25. a; 26. - ; 27. t h e ; 28. t h e ; 29. t h e ;
30. t h e ; 31. a; 32. t h e ; 33. - ; 34. t h e ; 35. a n ; 36. t h e ; 37. - ; 38. a;
39. t h e ; 40. t h e ; 41. t h e U n i t 16
4. Have you had d i n n e r ? — N o t yet. — N e i t h e r have I. I'm very /. 1. I w o n d e r where they usually spend their holidays. 2. I t h i n k
hungry. Let's have d i n n e r somewhere together. — All right. Shall we t h a t she h a s n ' t c o m e yet. 3. I h o p e t h a t he won't miss t h e t r a i n , t h o u g h
go to t h e cafe" in Tsentralnaya Street? — I'd love to. I have b e e n there he left for t h e railway station late. 4. I r e m e m b e r t h a t I went away on
several t i m e s . I like t h a t cafe' very m u c h . T h e c o o k i n g a n d t h e service business in September. 5. I w o n d e r w h e t h e r he will speak at t h e meet
are good there. ing. 6. She says that she d o e s n ' t like t h e a t r e . 7. I d o n ' t know w h e n they
( I n t h e cafef) W h a t is on t h e m e n u today? — T h e r e are a lot of will c o m e back. 8. He says he was late for t h e lecture yesterday. 9. She
dishes to my taste. I'd like chicken soup, beefsteak a n d a glass of o r a n g e wants to k n o w at what hotel t h e y are staying. 10. She says she h a s b e e n
juice. A n d you? — As for m e , I'll have a m u t t o n c h o p a n d a bottle of t e a c h i n g English for 20 years already. 11. He asks why you d o n ' t p h o n e
beer. I d o n ' t want s o u p today. — Do you w a n t s o m e ice c r e a m ? — N o , h i m . 12. Do you k n o w w h e n the t r a i n arrives in Warsaw? 13. Do you
I d o n ' t like ice c r e a m . — Would you like s o m e t h i n g to d r i n k ? — Let's r e m e m b e r where we rested in 2003? 14. I ' m afraid they missed t h e six
o'clock t r a i n . 15. Ask her w h e n she will c o m e . 16. Tell h i m where she
have a bottle of dry w i n e . — A n y t h i n g else? — N o , t h a t ' s all. Let's call
lives. 17. I d o n ' t k n o w why R o b e r t d o e s n ' t write to m e . 18. I am not
t h e waiter a n d m a k e o u r order.
sure w h e t h e r I shall see her tomorrow. 19. Do you know if there is a
post office not far from here? 20. I t h i n k she will have t r a n s l a t e d t h e
Unit 15 article by 5 o'clock. 21. I've no idea what he is doing here. 22. I'm
afraid that she h a s lost her way.
1. So am I; So did I; n e i t h e r did I; So were t h e rest of us; neither
does M o n i k a ; so am I; neither have I; So h a s M o n i k a ; so are t h e 2. 1. said; 2. said; 3. tell; 4. said; 5. say, tell; 6. spoke, told; 7. said;
people 8. told; 9. speaks; 10. talk (talked); 11. said; 12. speak; 13. said; 14. told
2. 1. Victor speaks English well. — So d o e s his wife. 2. I haven't (said to); 15. spoke; 16. t a l k i n g ; 17. spoken; 18. say; 19. talking;
seen this film yet. — N e i t h e r have I. 3. We are going on an excur 20. speak; 21. told; 22. tell; 23. talk; 24. said, speak to; 25. say, speak;
sion at t h e weekend. — So are we. 4. A n n d i d n ' t c o m e to t h e c o n c e r t 26. s p e a k i n g , saying; 27. told, says; 28. speak, said; 29. are talking;
yesterday. — N e i t h e r did her brother. 5. I c a n ' t play golf. — N e i t h e r 30. tell; 31. says; 32. tell; 33. told; 34. tell
c a n I. 6. Yesterday I h a d to work h a r d . — So did I. 7. J o h n likes figure- 3. 1. F r a n k l y speaking, I have never liked this fellow. 2. Call on
skating — So does his wife. 8. I d o n ' t k n o w his address. — N e i t h e r me in t h e evening a n d we'll talk about it. 3. Tell us about your trip
do I. 9. R o b e r t will c o m e . — So will Victor. $ 0 . I have already b o o k e d to Africa. 4. I have n o t h i n g to tell you — everything is clear. 5. Sorry
Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь II IV. К л ю ч и к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 545
544
( P a r d o n ) , what did you say? 6. He is always t a l k i n g politics. 7. He U n i t 17

spoke at t h e m e e t i n g yesterday. Everybody liked his speech. 8. She
/. 1. the; 2. a; 3. the; 4. a; 5. —; 6. t h e ; 7. the; 8. t h e ; 9. t h e ; 10. the;
says she knows this m a n . 9. W h o told you t h i s story? 10. Tell me some
11. t h e ; 12. t h e ; 13. the; 14. t h e ; 15. the; 16. the; 17. t h e ; 18. t h e ; 19. a;
t h i n g about this m a n . 11. T h e d o c t o r says he m u s t stay at h o m e for
20. t h e ; 21. t h e ; 22. t h e ; 23. t h e ; 24. - ; 25. - ; 26. t h e ; 27. t h e ; 28. t h e ;
t h r e e days. 12. We'll t a l k about it on o u r way h o m e . 13. W h o told you
29. t h e ; 30. t h e ; 31. t h e ; 32. t h e
t h a t you must go there? 14. D o e s any of your friends speak Japanese?
15. Tell me t h e t r u t h . 16. I only repeat what M a r y told m e . 17. He 2. t o ; t o ; o n ; with; outside; at; at; for; at; in; for; for
never tells a lie. 18. W h a t did he say? He said " g o o d b y e " . 19. T h e y say 3. W h a t are you d o i n g tonight? — N o t h i n g special, why? — Would
t h e s u m m e r will be hot. 20. D o n ' t worry! I w o n ' t tell a n y b o d y about you like to go to t h e c i n e m a ? — T h a t ' s not a bad idea. I haven't b e e n
it. 21. He says he r e m e m b e r s you. 22. Stop talking! I c a n ' t h e a r what at t h e c i n e m a for several weeks. — T h e Moscow c i n e m a is showing
t h e speaker is saying. 23. He is always t a l k i n g s h o p at t h e party. 24. If " G o n e with t h e W i n d " based on Mitchell's novel. — My friend h a s al
I see h i m t o m o r r o w , I'll t a l k to h i m about it. 25. Strictly s p e a k i n g , he ready seen it. He says it's a wonderful film. Of course, we m u s t n ' t miss
m u s t n ' t do it. 26. I d o n ' t r e m e m b e r what she told me. 27. My wife told it. — T h e n I shall buy two tickets for t h e eight o'clock show. D o e s this
me to get (to buy) some coffee. t i m e suit you? — Perfectly, t h a n k you. A n d where shall we meet? —
Let's m e e t at my house at 7 o'clock. — All right. See you soon.
4. 1. t h e t r a i n s t o p p e d I looked ... d i d n ' t see; I had s e n t . . . I t h o u g h t
... they would m e e t ; they were waiting; We went ... d i d n ' t find; We
t h o u g h t ... s o m e t h i n g h a d h a p p e n e d ; We had been waiting ... we un U n i t 18
d e r s t o o d ... they would not c o m e ; they h a d received ... could not; 2. he
/. 1. Tony is working; he was p r o m o t e d ; He was given; He now
h a d gone ... w h o was c o m i n g ; 3. I went; I took ... looked; a waiter
h a s ; w h o answers; he is paid; He feels; 2. T h e Q u e e n h a s n ' t b e e n seen;
c a m e ... I h a d c h o s e n ; I h a d chosen; I would take; 4. she h a d enjoyed
T h e newspapers say; people d o n ' t believe it; 3. T h e y are building; it
... she would spend; 5. I offered; She said ... she h a d a h e a d a c h e ...
will be o p e n e d ; 4. W h o looks; is looked after; 5. Have you t y p e d ; it is
d i d n ' t want
being t y p e d ; 6. Too m a n y offices have b e e n built; 7. T h e driver was go
5. 1. Yesterday evening my b r o t h e r called me a n d asked w h e t h e r ing:; he hit; 8. Have you posted; they h a d already b e e n posted; 9. W h a t
I w a n t e d to go to t h e c i n e m a . I agreed a n d I wasn't d i s a p p o i n t e d . h a p p e n s ; t h e y are p u n i s h e d ; 10. I have broken; It is being repaired;
I liked t h e film very m u c h . 2. I h o p e d t h a t I would catch t h e last t r a i n , 11. T h e letters were still being t y p e d ; 12. Have you built; t h e garage
b u t I missed it. 3. Yesterday on my way h o m e I called on Nick. He had b e e n built; 13.This piece of music h a s n ' t b e e n recorded; I have just
said he h a d just received a telegram from his m o t h e r a n d in an h o u r c o m p o s e d ; 14. A lot of food was eaten.
he was going to t h e station to meet her. 4. W h e n I saw N i n a , I under
2. 1. A new m e t r o station is b e i n g built in t h i s street. 2. T h i s ar
stood, t h a t she was upset about s o m e t h i n g . She said t h a t h e r m o t h e r ticle was w r i t t e n by an English j o u r n a l i s t . 3. D o n ' t you u n d e r s t a n d
h a d fallen ill. 5. T h e o t h e r day I met J o h n . He said he had bought a t h e rule t h a t h a s just b e e n explained to us? 4. W h e n I c a m e t h e docu
new car. 6. W h e n I called on my friend, her m o t h e r said t h a t she was m e n t s h a d a l r e a d y b e e n signed. 5. T h e report was being listened to
not at h o m e : she was t a k i n g an exam but she would be back soon. 7. In very carefully. 6. I was given t h i s b o o k only for t h r e e days. 7. You will
J u n e my sister a n d I are leaving for t h e C a u c a s u s . O u r b r o t h e r said be laughed at if you say t h a t . 8. He t u r n e d r o u n d a n d u n d e r s t o o d t h a t
t h a t he would j o i n us as s o o n as he h a d passed his e x a m . 8. Yesterday he was b e i n g w a t c h e d . 9. In w i n t e r t h e cottage was n o t lived in. 10. He
I asked Steve to repair my iron. He said t h a t his friends were waiting was looked for everywhere, but he was not found. 11. My m o t h e r is
for h i m a n d h e c o u l d n ' t help m e . H e p r o m i s e d t h a t h e would repair often invited to L o n d o n . 12. D o n ' t worry. E v e r y t h i n g will be d o n e in
t h e iron today. — Last m o n t h he p r o m i s e d to repair my bicycle, but he t i m e . 13. I have looked t h r o u g h only p a r t of t h e articles, t h e rest are
never did. — I h o p e t h a t he will keep his p r o m i s e this t i m e . 9. I was b e i n g t y p e d now. As s o o n as t h e n e c e s s a r y m a t e r i a l is ready, it will
surprised w h e n I learnt t h a t R o b e r t h a d n ' t passed his e x a m . He said be b r o u g h t to you. 14. M u c h a t t e n t i o n is paid to sport in o u r c o u n t r y .
t h a t he h a d b e e n p r e p a r i n g for it for a long t i m e . 10. Peter said that he (Sport is paid m u c h a t t e n t i o n to in o u r country.) 15. T h i s q u e s t i o n
would be waiting for me at t h e e n t r a n c e to t h e s t a d i u m a n d asked me w o n ' t be discussed if he d o e s n ' t c o m e . 16. W h e n we found t h e diction
not to be late. ary, t h e article h a d a l r e a d y b e e n t r a n s l a t e d . 17. As s o o n as t h e t h i n g s

h a d b e e n (were) p a c k e d , a t a x i was sent for. 18. I t h o u g h t t h a t my 3. It was r a i n i n g ... I woke; It always rains; We had p l a n n e d ... we
t h i n g s would be delivered in a couple of h o u r s , b u t t h e y were delivered decided; We h a d missed ... arrived; We had a r r a n g e d ... he h a d b e e n
t h e following day. 19. T h e letter h a s n ' t b e e n p o s t e d yet. 20. T h i s b o o k waiting ... we got; T h e play had already started ... we went; I am work
h a s n ' t b e e n t r a n s l a t e d i n t o Russian yet. 21. I have never b e e n asked ing; I have been sitting ... I haven't d o n e ; I feel; I have already had;
a b o u t it. 22. All t h e invitations will have b e e n sent out by t h e end of I went ... it rained; I shall book
t h e week. 23. After t h e lecture we'll be s h o w n a film about L o n d o n . 4. 1. Would you like to go to t h e t h e a t r e on Saturday? — I'd love
24. I w o n d e r w h e t h e r he h a s b e e n told a b o u t it or n o t . 25. In his to. I haven't b e e n at t h e t h e a t r e for a long t i m e . W h a t p e r f o r m a n c e do
c h i l d h o o d he was t a u g h t music. 26. A lot of guests are e x p e c t e d today. you suggest? — I'd like to listen to " C a r m e n " . — W h o sings the p a r t of
27. T h e r e is n o b o d y in t h e hall. T h e guests are b e i n g t a k e n r o u n d t h e C a r m e n ? — Beata G a n z e l . — She is a wonderful singer. Do you t h i n k
University. 28. By t h e t i m e you r e t u r n , t h e e x p e r i m e n t will have b e e n we shall be able to get tickets? — My friend p r o m i s e d me to get two
completed. tickets. — T h a n k you. T h a t ' s very nice of you to invite m e . I shall be
looking forward to t h e p e r f o r m a n c e .
U n i t 19
Unit 21
1. I r a n g up ... he was p r e p a r i n g ; He said ... he h a d packed ...
he h a d n ' t b o u g h t ; I p r o m i s e d ... I would help; I was free ... I could; /. 1. to be looking; 2. to be; 3. to be; 4. to have b e e n missing; 5. to
He t h a n k e d ... a d d e d ... he would be grateful; I b r o u g h t ... my friend know; 6. to drive; 7. to be looked after; 8. to be; 9. to take; 10. (to)
started explain; 11. to be upset; 12. to be k n o w n ; 13. to be h i d i n g ; 14. to be
2. M r s H u d s o n was ... she began; She went ... told ... she h a d n ' t shown; 15. to explain; 16. leave, get, drive; 17. to be sent; 18. to wish;
b e e n feeling; T h e d o c t o r asked ... she h a d ; She said she h a d ; H e r 19. to be; 20. e x a m i n e ; 21. to start; 22. go out; 23. to clean; 24. work;
h u s b a n d h a d died; M i k e h a d fallen ... she was afraid he w o u l d n ' t get; 25. r e t u r n ; 26. to be; 27. go, d o ; 28. to do; 29. not to believe; 30. to
E a r n e s t h a d j o i n e d ; T h e d o c t o r advised; h e r h e a r t was; it w o u l d n ' t be have m e t ; 31. to have landed; 32. to be invited; 33. to have b e e n given;
... she would do 34. to reply; 35. n o t to know; 36. to read; 37. arrive; 38. to go 39. to
3. an old lady h a p p e n e d ; she stopped; they h a d talked ... t h e lady d o , to keep; 40. to hear; 41. not to feed; 42. to speak; 43. to have met;
observed ... she d i d n ' t t h i n k he was; T h e m a n assured ... he c e r t a i n l y 44. not to take; 45. move/to move ; 46. to arrive; 47. to be; 48. o p e n ,
wasn't; He said ... his relatives h a d sent; T h e old lady p r o m i s e d ... she t h r o w ; 49. to win; 50. to w a r n ; 51. to drive; 52. to do; 53. to have lost;
would look ... went; a big piece of w o o d hit; She t u r n e d ... saw; she 54. stop; 55. to have been waiting; 56. to discover; 57. not p h o n e ; 58. to
have b e e n injured; 59. to be given; 60. to be studying
asked what was wrong; he merely w a n t e d
4. J o h n R o b i n s o n h a d just r e t u r n e d ... was having; D o b s o n rang 2. 1. It's h a r d to study a foreign language. 2. It's i m p o r t a n t for stu
... he was ... his friend h a d arrived; he felt ... was not sure he would dents to do their homework. 3. O u r d u t y is to help old people. 4. My
be able d r e a m is to be fishing now somewhere in a little village. 5. I c a n ' t af
ford to buy such an expensive t h i n g . 6. I n e e d to k n o w your o p i n i o n .
Unit 20 7. He p r e t e n d e d to be sleeping. 8. He seems to k n o w t h i s subject well.
9. He d o e s n ' t seem to know F r e n c h . 10. I p e r s u a d e d h i m to help her.
1. 1. o n ; 2. —; 3. at; 4. to; 5. for; 6. in; 7. out; 8. in; 9. in; 10. t o ;
11. D o n ' t m a k e h i m work so h a r d . 12. I r e m i n d e d my sister to b r i n g
11. t o ; 12. i n ; 13. -; 14. i n ; 15. at; 16. of; 17. t o ; 18. d u r i n g ; 19. t o ;
my dictionary. 13. I was allowed to use t h e library. 14. My m o t h e r
20. at
d i d n ' t allow me to swim. 15. He was m a d e to c o m e . 16. I want his
2. 1. a; 2. - ; 3. a; 4. a; 5. a; 6. t h e ; 7 a; 8. t h e ; 9. a; 10. the; 11. t h e ; article to be published. 17. I consider t h i s question (to be) very impor
12. a; 13. t h e ; 14. t h e ; 15. t h e ; 16. t h e ; 17. t h e ; 18. t h e ; 19. t h e ; 20. t h e ; t a n t . 18. T h i s house is said to have b e e n built about two h u n d r e d years
21. the; 22. t h e ; 23. t h e ; 24. t h e ; 25. - ; 26. a; 27. t h e ; 28. a; 29. t h e ; ago. 19. T h e delegation was r e p o r t e d to arrive at night. 20. I got up at 6
30. a; 31. t h e ; 32. the; 33. t h e ; 34. a; 35. t h e ; 36. t h e ; 37. t h e ; 38. a; o'clock so as not to miss t h e m o r n i n g t r a i n . 21. I've c o m e to say good
39. a; 40. t h e ; 41. t h e ; 42. t h e ; 43. the; 44. a; 45.-; 46. t h e ; 47. a; 48. a; bye to you. 22. I ' m glad to have followed your advice. 23. It was stupid
49. the of h i m to behave like t h a t . 24. He was t h e last to leave t h e laboratory.
18-
25. It was not w a r m e n o u g h to swim. 26. He is hard to please. 27. He a h e a d ! 21. Operator, could you put me t h r o u g h to t h e director? — He's
is good at d a n c i n g . He is pleasant to d a n c e with. 28. I'll be busy this on a n o t h e r line. C o u l d you call back later? 22. T h e r e ' s no o n e here by
week. I've got a lot of t h i n g s to do. 29. Have you got any friends to help t h e n a m e of S m i t h . — Sorry to have b o t h e r e d you. 23. Would you like
you? 30. I d o n ' t k n o w where to buy this dictionary. 3 1 . 1 have never to m a k e it personal? — I just want a station-to-station call. 24. I c a n ' t
heard h i m speak F r e n c h . 32. I saw a taxi stop at t h e door. 33. T h e get t h r o u g h to h i m . T h e telephone must be out of order. 25. Sorry to
weather is likely to c h a n g e tomorrow. 34. She is sure to take p a r t in have kept you waiting. I ' m p u t t i n g you t h r o u g h . 26. T h e r e is no re
t h e c o m p e t i t i o n . 35. T h e y are unlikely to finish t h e work by the end of ply at his number. He must be out. 27. Pick up t h e receiver. You are
May. 36. I ' m very tired. I'd prefer to stay at h o m e t o n i g h t . 37. T h e film w a n t e d o n the p h o n e .
begins in t e n m i n u t e s . We'd better h u r r y up. 38. He claimed to have
seen h e r at t h e t h e a t r e . 39. T h e child is t o o small to u n d e r s t a n d your
joke. 40. W h y not go to a r e s t a u r a n t tonight? 41. I haven't spoken to Unit 2 3
h i m yet, but I ' m going to. 42. I expected h i m to help me.
/. 1. Fred asked a p o r t e r if t h e t r a i n for L o n d o n h a d left a n d t h e
p o r t e r answered t h a t it h a d left ten m i n u t e s before. 2. J o h n told M a r y
Unit 22 she was t h e most beautiful girl in t h e world ... a n d told h i m not to
talk such nonsense. 3. ... asked h i m what was w r o n g with it; told me
1. I'd like to speak to J o h n King. Is he in? 2. C o u l d I speak to to t h r o w it away a n d buy a new o n e . 4. I asked her if she w a n t e d to go
Mr Lee? — W h o is calling? — It's his brother. 3. C a n I b o o k a t r u n k to t h e c i n e m a with m e ; she said she h a d already seen t h a t film. 5. T h e
call from t h e hotel? 4. C o u l d you put me t h r o u g h to t o w n , please? m a n a g e r asked me if I liked my work and I answered h i m t h a t I did.
I want 224-987, extension 811. 5. W h e r e is the nearest telephone box He t h e n asked me why I w a n t e d to leave it t h e n , so I told h i m I was
here? 6. Hold o n , please, I'll get h i m . 7. Mr Wilson is out. Would you moving to Glasgow. 6. I told h i m to take t h e first t u r n i n g to t h e left
like to leave a message? — Please tell h i m to call me back w h e n he a n d go as far as t h e post office. T h e m a n asked me how far it was a n d
c o m e s . 8. Will you call Alice to t h e p h o n e ? — You have t h e wrong I told h i m it was about half a mile at t h e most.
n u m b e r . — Sorry. — T h a t ' s O K . 9. C o u l d I speak to J o h n , please?
2. Mr R o b i n s o n greeted t h e T h o m p s o n s saying he was glad to see
— Just a m o m e n t . I'll see if he is in. 10. Sorry. Mr W h i t e is out. Is
t h e m in L o n d o n . He asked his friends how long t h e y h a d b e e n there.
there any message? — It's T o m Hay. Will you please ask h i m to call
Mr T h o m p s o n answered t h a t they had been t h e r e only a few days, since
back? — Sure. 11. Sorry. M r s G r e e n ' s b e e n in, but she went out again.
M o n d a y a n d he was sorry to say they h a d to r e t u r n t h e following day.
I expect h e r any m i n u t e . — C o u l d you take a message, please? 12. C a n
Mr R o b i n s o n asked if it was their first visit to L o n d o n . Mr T h o m p s o n
I speak to R i c h a r d M a t t h e w s , please? — I'm afraid he's at the meet
answered t h a t it was his wife's first visit, but he h a d b e e n t h e r e several
ing at t h e m o m e n t . C a n I take a message? — It's J o a n A t k i n s o n here.
t i m e s before. He h a d to c o m e over at least o n c e a year on business a n d
I w o n d e r if he could call me back w h e n he is free. — Yes. C a n I have
he felt quite at h o m e in L o n d o n . Mr R o b i n s o n asked M r s T h o m p s o n
your n u m b e r , please? — I t h i n k he's got my number. But I'll give it
what she t h o u g h t of L o n d o n . M r s T h o m p s o n t h o u g h t it was a wonder
to you anyway. It's: 402-64-19. 13. C a n I speak to Mr K i n g ? — Just
ful place. Mr R o b i n s o n asked t h e T h o m p s o n s about their plans for
a m o m e n t . Hold t h e line, please... Are you there? Mr K i ng h a s gone
that night a n d invited t h e m t o his place. M r T h o m p s o n t h a n k e d M r
out. H e ' l l be back in about twenty m i n u t e s . C a n I take a message? —
R o b i n s o n , but he refused saying they were leaving t h e following morn
N o , t h a n k you. I'll call back later. — O K . 14. I n f o r m a t i o n ? I w a n t
ing a n d they had got a lot of t h i n g s to do. He said t h a t they m i g h t visit
t h e n u m b e r of t h e a i r p o r t . — 314-10-71. — I c a n ' t h e a r you very well.
the Robinsons some other time.
C o u l d you speak u p , please? 15. I'll find his telephone n u m b e r in t h e
telephone directory. — I doubt it. You'd better call Enquiries. 16. W h y 3. An old lady was going to t a k e a taxi. She asked t h e driver to take
d i d n ' t you call me as we h a d a r r a n g e d ? — I tried m a n y t i m e s , but her to t h e station. T h e driver agreed to do so. T h e lady told t h e driver
t h e line was engaged. 17. Victor, are you there? We've been cut off. t h a t he m u s t drive slowly a n d carefully. She w a r n e d h i m n o t to go u n t i l
W h e n did you say J a n e was leaving? — On Saturday evening. — I'd t h e p o l i c e m a n lowered his a r m a n d not t o rush r o u n d t h e c o r n e r s as
like to see her off. — She'd be delighted. 18. Hello, is t h i s the h o m e the road was very wet. T h e taxi driver got angry with t h e w o m a n be
of Alan Brown? — Yes, it is. — I'd like to speak to A l a n . — Speaking. cause of her i n s t r u c t i o n s a n d he asked her sarcastically what hospital
19. Sorry, c a n I use your phone? — Certainly. 20. You are t h r o u g h . Go she would like to be t a k e n to if they did have an accident.
1. Yesterday I had a day off. I suggested to A n n going to t h e cin earlier. 7. If you ask h i m , he will repair your bicycle. 8. If they had
e m a , but she refused saying that she was getting ready for her exam c o m e earlier, they would have found better seats. 9. If I lived nearby,
in G e r m a n . We agreed to go to the c i n e m a next week. 2. T h e teacher I would call on you m o r e often. 10. If he h a d n ' t followed t h e d o c t o r ' s
asked me why I had missed so m a n y classes. I answered that I had instructions, he w o u l d n ' t have recovered so quickly. 11. If you had
been away on business. 3. W h e n I was going to leave, my brother re followed my advice at t h a t t i m e , you w o u l d n ' t be in such a difficult
m i n d e d m e t o bring h i m m y Russian-Spanish d i c t i o n a r y next t i m e . situation now. 12. We w o u l d n ' t have missed t h e t r a i n if we h a d t a k e n
He said t h a t he had to translate an article on electronics. I answered a taxi. 13. If she worked harder, she would e a r n m o r e . 14. W h a t will
t h a t I would call on h i m in two days a n d p r o m i s e d t h a t 1 wouldn't you do if t h e taxi d o e s n ' t come? 15. She would be quite h a p p y if h e r
forget his request. 4. W h e n I c a m e h o m e , my son was already sleep h u s b a n d were here. 16. W h e r e would you like to live if you d i d n ' t live
ing. I w a n t e d to talk to h i m , but my wife told me not to wake h i m up in Moscow? 17. If she k n e w English, she might c h a n g e h e r job. 18. We
because he was very tired as he had b e e n repairing t h e c a r the whole would have gone to t h a t p a r t y if we h a d found a babysitter for o u r
evening. 5. T h e d o c t o r advised me to spend m o r e t i m e in the o p e n child. 19. W h a t would she have d o n e if I h a d n ' t lent her t h e money?
air a n d not to go to bed late. 6. N i n a asked w h e t h e r I would go to t h e 20. I would have given you a lift if my car h a d n ' t b r o k e n yesterday.
party, a n d I answered t h a t I would. 21. We w o u l d n ' t have o r d e r e d a taxi if we h a d k n o w n how expensive
it was. 22. If you h a d asked h i m before, he would have lent you s o m e
money.
Unit 25
/. 1. - ; 2. a; 3. - ; 4. a; 5. - ; 6. t h e ; 7. - ; 8. t h e ; 9. - ; 10. the; Unit 27

11. - ; 12. the; 13. t h e ; 14. - ; 15. - ; 16. the; 17. - ; 18. - ; 19. - ;
1. A. going o u t ; doing; to help; go; to dig; doing; to m o w ; swim
20. - ; 21. the; 22. - ; 23. t h e ; 24. a; 25. - ; 26. the; 27. - , 28. -
m i n g ; bury; t o be; t o b e
2. A. 1. of; 2. o n ; 3. —; 4. to; 5. o n ; 6. by; 7. at; 8. before; 9. on/at; B. to go; to be studying; to go; c o m i n g ; talk; to have b e e n working;
10. at; 11. at; 12. t o ; 13. for; 14. to; 15. from; 16. i n / i n t o ; 17. to; 18. —; talk; b e i n g told
19. i n / o n ; 20. - ; 21. a t C. studying; to take a n d write; R e a d i n g ... a n d l e a r n i n g ; to finish;
В. 1. on; 2. on; 3. by; 4. into; 5. o n ; 6. in; 7. by; 8. on; 9. to; 10. in; looking; Working; looking; to stay; to try; to c o n g r a t u l a t e
11. in; 12. o n
2. 1. I insist on t h e c h i l d r e n going h o m e . 2. I c a n ' t excuse h e r not
3. G o o d afternoon. — G o o d afternoon. W h a t c a n I do for you? — answering my letter. 3. He avoids m e e t i n g me. 4. He t o o k these papers
Are there any t r a i n s to Moscow today? — Yes, t h e r e are two night without asking p e r m i s s i o n . 5. W h a t ' s the use of discussing it now?
t r a i n s . — W h e n do they start? — At 9 a n d 11 o'clock. — W h e n does 6. H i s hobby is r e a d i n g detectives. 7.1 r e m e m b e r e d being invited there,
t h e n i n e o'clock t r a i n arrive in Moscow? — At 7 a.m. — T h a t t i m e t o o . 8. On c o m i n g h o m e he p h o n e d his p a r e n t s . 9. T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n
suits me. Are t h e r e any tickets for that train? — Yes, t h e r e are some n e e d s checking. 10. I d o n ' t feel like going out. 11. Let's p o s t p o n e /
first-class tickets. — I'm lucky. p u t off discussing t h i s article. 12. Just imagine/fancy going to R o m e !
13. He h a t e s being told lies. 14. I r e m e m b e r h e a r i n g s o m e t h i n g about
t h i s play. Is it w o r t h seeing? 15. She went o n / c a r r i e d on writing with
Unit 26 out looking at us. 16. I d o n ' t m i n d her using my c o m p u t e r . 17. Do you
m i n d my smoking? 18. T h e film d i r e c t o r was against h e r playing t h a t
/. had listened; would have stayed a n d gone; could have found; will
role. 19. I d o n ' t like being i n t e r r u p t e d . 20. W h e n will she finish writ
go crazy; stays; were offered; would take; would leave; could afford;
ing her essay? 21. I c a n ' t help worrying about t h e m : they've stopped
would be easier; d i d n ' t have
writing. 22. I found difficulty in t r a n s l a t i n g t h e text. 23. T h e noise in
2. 1. If I were you, I would ask my p a r e n t s . 2. If he h a d k n o w n t h e next r o o m prevented me from t h i n k i n g . 24. I ' m t h i n k i n g of go
t h a t it would upset you, he would have b e e n more careful. 3. I'll give ing to t h e S o u t h in s u m m e r . 25. T h e boy c o m p l a i n e d about/of being
you a call if I have some t i m e . 4. He would know English better if he c o n s t a n t l y scolded a n d p u n i s h e d . 26. I'm for going there by plane.
read English b o o k s in s u m m e r . 5. If you had w a r n e d me in advance, 27. At h e a r i n g s u c h a sad story she c o u l d n ' t help crying. 28. T h i n k
I would be in M o s c o w now. 6. You would feel better if you went to bed h a r d before t a k i n g this decision. 29. She was able to find a good job.
IV. К л ю ч и к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 553
30. L e a r n i n g a foreign language takes a lot of t i m e . 31. Sleeping in t h e Unit 29

o p e n air is very useful. 32. I approve of your helping y o u r g r a n d m o t h e r .
1. 1. O p e n i n g ; 2. whistling; 3. Having failed, to try; 4. c a r r y i n g ;
33. He c a m e without being invited. 34. I have no h o p e of being given
5. followed; 6. using; 7. Being; 8. N o t k n o w i n g , having; 9. wound
t h i s role. 35. He gave up playing chess. 36. She was not a c c u s t o m e d /
ing; 10. rehearsing; 11. leave; 12. to say; 13. trying; 14. moderniz
used to receiving presents a n d was surprised at seeing beautiful roses
ing; 15. packing; 16. H a v i n g b e e n ; 17. r e m i n d i n g ; 18. b u r n i n g , ris
on t h e table. 37. He is responsible for t h e work b e i n g d o n e on t i m e .
ing; 19. enter, u n l o c k , take, p h o t o g r a p h , p u t ; 20. stealing; 21. stand
38. I c o n g r a t u l a t e d h i m on passing his e x a m . 39. T h e y d r e a m of their
ing; 22. repaired; 23. sipping; eating; 24. t a k e n ; 25. built/being built;
son b e c o m i n g a doctor. 40. Your suit n e e d s pressing. 41. T a l k i n g to h e r
n o w is useless. 42. I was sorry for having said t h a t . 43. I ' m grateful to 26. E n t e r i n g , leading; 27. having worked; 28. Asked; 29. W a r n e d
you for looking after my child. 44. Stop talking! 45. He stopped to talk 2. 1. N o t k n o w i n g g r a m m a r he m a d e a lot of m i s t a k e s . 2. T h e y
to Bill. 46. D o n ' t forget to wash your h a n d s before d i n n e r . 47. I shall were w a l k i n g quickly t a l k i n g about s o m e t h i n g with great interest.
never forget visiting t h e B o t a n i c a l G a r d e n s in B a t u m i . 48. I r e m e m b e r
3. My g r a n d f a t h e r p l a n t e d t h e flowers b e i n g watered now. 4. Let me
paying this bill. 49. It looks like r a i n i n g . 50. I c o u l d n ' t help l a u g h i n g
listen: t h e s p e e c h b e i n g m a d e now is very exciting. 5. T h e floor w a s h e d
at seeing h i m . 51. He t o o k to fishing. 52. He took up jogging to lose
by t h e s t u d e n t s is very clean. 6. T h e b o y t o o k t h e b o o k lying on t h e
weight.
table. 7. G e t t i n g t h e t e l e g r a m he forgot to p u t d o w n his signature.
8. Seeing h e r friends she c a m e up to t h e m . 9. H a v i n g paid for t h e
Unit 28
tickets we h u r r i e d i n t o t h e h a l l . 10. T h e boy h u r t his h a n d playing ten
1. A. 1. —; 2. a; 3. —; 4. —; 5. the; 6. a n ; 7. a n ; 8. —; 9. t h e ; 10. —; nis. 11. N o t k n o w i n g w h a t to say she said n o t h i n g . 12. H a v i n g signed
11. t h e ; 12. t h e ; 13. a n ; 14. the; 15. - ; 16. a; 17. - ; 18. t h e ; 19. a; t h e d o c u m e n t s t h e m a n a g e r gave t h e m t o t h e secretary. 13. Trying t o
20. t h e ; 21. t h e o p e n t h e d o o r she broke t h e key. 14. I h e a r d my n e i g h b o u r s t a l k i n g
В. 1. - ; 2. a n ; 3. a; 4. t h e ; 5. a; 6. t h e ; 7. - ; 8. - ; 9. a; 10. - ; 11. a; a b o u t t h e i r c h i l d r e n . 15. We sat w a t c h i n g t h e s u n rising above t h e
12. - ; 13. a; 14. t h e ; 15. - ; 16. - ; 17. t h e ; 18. a; 19. - ; 20. a; 21. - ; trees. 16. T h e scientist w h o h a s w r i t t e n t h i s article will m a k e a r e p o r t
22. a; 23. a; 24. t h e ; 25. - ; 26. a; 27. t h e ; 28. - ; 29. t h e at o u r University. 17. I asked t h e y o u n g m a n r e a d i n g a n e w s p a p e r
w h a t t i m e it was. 18. W h a t do you t h i n k of t h e m e t h o d s u s e d by t h i s
2. A. 1. at; 2. in; 3. of; 4. inside; 5. for; 6. in; 7. t o ; 8. with; 9. about;
d o c t o r ? 19. I showed h e r t h e dress b o u g h t in Paris. 20. H e a r i n g his
10. before; 11. t o ; 12. o n ; 13. in; 14. before; 15. t o ; 16. o n ; 17. -;
18. t h r o u g h ; 19. -; 20. of; 21. to; 22. at; 23. in; 24. between; 25. of father's voice, h e went o u t o f t h e r o o m t o o p e n t h e d o o r for h i m .
В. 1. about; 2. to; 3. o n ; 4. from; 5. of; 6. to; 7. o n ; 8. in; 9. with; 21. Be careful crossing t h e street. 22. I ' m very grateful to t h e d o c t o r s
10. from; 11. in; 12. with; 13. to; 14. about; 15. with; 16. for; 17. with w h o have saved my child's life. 23. T h e road b e i n g r e p a i r e d now will
be m u c h wider after t h e repairs. 24. T h e r e are s o m e b r o k e n c h a i r s in
3. I went ... w h o was c o m i n g ; I arrived ... went ... sat; it was an t h i s r o o m . 25. He p u t t h e sleeping child on t h e sofa. 26. T h e ques
n o u n c e d . . . t h e p l a n e was ... I decided; I was just walking ... I saw; We t i o n s discussed at t h e last m e e t i n g are very interesting. 27. I am b o r e d .
talked ... went ... we h a d ; I r e m e m b e r e d ; We rushed; I was told ... t h e
28. It is a very b o r i n g b o o k . 29. Being very t i r e d I d e c i d e d to stay at
plane h a d arrived; I h u r r i e d ... got ... drove; I arrived ... I found
h o m e . 30. I h e a r d h e r playing t h e p i a n o a n d d i d n ' t w a n t t o i n t e r r u p t
4. G o o d m o r n i n g ! Will you tell me if t h e r e is a flight to L o n d o n her. 31. She was seen w o r k i n g in t h e g a r d e n in t h e evening. 32. T h e y
on t h e 25th of O c t o b e r ? — Yes, there are two flights — in t h e m o r n i n g were h e a r d t a l k i n g in t h e next r o o m . 33. H o w often do you have y o u r
a n d in t h e evening. — W h e n is t h e m o r n i n g flight? — At 6 a.m. — N o , h a i r cut? 34. I m u s t have my w a t c h r e p a i r e d immediately. 35. I w a n t
it's t o o early. I shall have a sleepless night if I take t h a t plane. W h e n to have my suit pressed. 36. W h e r e did you have t h i s dress m a d e ?
is t h e evening flight? — At 8 p . m . — W h e n d o e s t h e p l a n e arrive in 37. W h e n did you have y o u r garage built? 38. Yesterday I h a d my bi
L o n d o n ? — At 10 p . m . — T h i s t i m e suits m e . Are there any tickets for cycle r e p a i r e d . 39. H a v i n g lived in E n g l a n d for m a n y years he speaks
t h a t flight? — Yes, there are s o m e first-class tickets. — I'd like a r e t u r n E n g l i s h well.
ticket. I ' m c o m i n g back on t h e 30th of October.
Unit 30 r o o m . — T h e n will you please fill in (out) t h e registration form? — All

right. W h e n do you serve breakfast? — F r o m 7 to 9.30. — Is there a
1. I wish you had c o m e earlier. You c o u l d / m i g h t have m e t my post office in t h e hotel? — N o , but it's quite near, on t h e o t h e r side of
sister. 2. I wish I had followed his advice. 3. If o n l y I were free now! t h e street. — T h a n k you.
4. If only I could draw! 5. I wish she were with us. 6. I wish I h a d told
h i m t h a t yesterday. 7. I wished I h a d n ' t asked h i m about it. 8. I wish
you would keep your t h i n g s in order. 9. I wish you would stop inter Unit 32
r u p t i n g me. 10. I wish it were not r a i n i n g now. 11. I wish I could j o i n /. n e e d n ' t have waited; 've got to go; ought to p h o n e ; c a n ' t c o m e ;
you. 12. I wish I h a d visited this exhibition. 13. If only my p a r e n t s n e e d n ' t worry; have to walk; must be; m u s t n ' t walk; n e e d to get; d o n ' t
lived in M o s c o w ! 14. I wish I could r e m e m b e r her address. 15. If only have t o / n e e d n ' t go
you h a d seen h i m at t h a t m o m e n t ! 16. I wish I h a d answered his letter.
17. I wish my son was interested in history. 18. If o n l y it were s u m m e r 2. must be working; c a n ' t be working; may/might/could/must have
now! 19. T h e y wished they h a d gone to St. Petersburg by p l a n e , they gone; should have told/might have told/could have told; could have
would have saved a lot of t i m e . 20. I wish you would stay with m e . gone; may/might/could have h a d ; could/may/might still be sleeping;
21. I wish I could attend your lecture tomorrow. 22. He always looks may/might/could have b e e n working; c o u l d / m i g h t / m a y have gone;
as if he were in a hurry. 23. She looks as if she h a d b e e n ill. 24. You must have gone
treat me as if I were a child. 25. He i n t r o d u c e d h e r to his b r o t h e r as 3. 1. T h e y may/might/could have gone there by t r a i n . 2. She c a n ' t
if they h a d never m e t before. 26. He spoke F r e n c h as if he were a real / c o u l d n ' t have d o n e it. 3. You s h o u l d n ' t have sent t h e c h i l d r e n t h e r e .
F r e n c h m a n . 27. It looked as if n o t h i n g h a d h a p p e n e d . 28. It h a d b e e n 4. You were very careless. You c o u l d / m i g h t have lost all your money.
r a i n i n g for a few days a n d it s e e m e d the rain would never stop. 29. He 5. She m u s t have written to her sister. 6. You ought to have offered h e r
looks tired as if he h a d n ' t rested for a long t i m e . 30. She behaved as if your help. 7. You might be m o r e polite to her. 8. He c o u l d / m i g h t have
she were t h e hostess. said s o m e t h i n g to support m e . 9. You n e e d n ' t stay if you d o n ' t w a n t t o .
10. T h e y m u s t have left already. 11. He must have b e e n sleeping a n d he
Unit 31 d i d n ' t h e a r t h e bell. 12. He s h o u l d n ' t work for this Firm. 13. He c a n ' t /
c o u l d n ' t have said it. 14. You n e e d n ' t have bought such an expensive
1. 1. —; 2. —; 3. a; 4. a; 5. t h e ; 6. t h e ; 7. the; 8. t h e ; 9. t h e ; 10. t h e ; present, but it's very nice of you. 15. You n e e d n ' t worry; everything
11. t h e ; 12. t h e ; 13. the; 14. a; 15. a; 16. the; 17. t h e ; 18. t h e ; 19. t h e ; will be all right. 16. Probably he d i d n ' t answer. 17. T h e y must have
20. t h e ; 21. t h e ; 22. t h e ; 23. t h e ; 24. t h e ; 25. t h e fallen asleep already. 18. He may/might not have noticed m e . 19. I was
2. A. 1. o n ; 2. t o ; 3. in; 4. before; 5. for; 6. t o ; 7. t o ; 8. by; 9. for; to have d o n e it by Monday, b u t I fell ill. 20. T h e y c a n ' t / c o u l d n ' t have
10. at; 11. o n ; 12. for; 13. in; 14. after; 15. for; 16. with sold t h e i r house. 21. C a n / C o u l d he have lost t h e keys? 22. My words
В. 1. at; 2. for; 3. about; 4. at; 5. with; 6. in; 7. to; 8. of; 9. of; probably d i d n ' t c o n v i n c e h i m . 23. He may/might not have b e e n there
10. with yesterday. 24. He said that I must k n o w her. 25. He said t h a t I m i g h t
be interested in this problem. 26. C a n / C o u l d you have b e e n sleep
3. was awarded; was invited; was held; was met; h a d b e e n given/
ing all this time? 27. You should have stopped arguing as soon as you
was given; h a d b e e n organized; h a d b e e n invited; was left; was told;
u n d e r s t o o d that you were not right. 28. You n e e d n ' t p h o n e her. She
h a d n ' t b e e n h e a r d of; was sent; was being held, was asked; h a d b e e n
h a s already c o m e . 29. We d i d n ' t need to p h o n e her because she had
m a d e ; is ever sent; will be o r g a n i z e d already c o m e . 30. T h e y left early. T h e y ought to be/should be here
4. Hello. My n a m e is K e n t . Last week I reserved a single r o o m in soon. 31. We are slill waiting for t h e bus. It was to have arrived half
your hotel. — Just a m o m e n t . Yes, sir, we got your letter. I c a n offer a n h o u r ago.
you r o o m 46 on t h e t h i r d floor. — Is t h e r e a shower in t h e r o o m ? —
Yes, there is a shower a n d a b a t h . — T h a t ' s fine. I h o p e there is a
telephone in t h e r o o m . — Yes, all the r o o m s in o u r hotel have got tele
p h o n e s . — T h a t ' s very convenient. I must m a k e some t e l e p h o n e calls.
H o w m u c h is t h e r o o m ? — 50 dollars a night. — All right. I'll take t h e
IV. Ключи к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 557
V. Системный обзор 7. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м ,

и м е ю щ и м определение, вы
T h a t ' s the best movie I've ever
seen! He missed the first
некоторых важнейших особенностей раженное прилагательным lecture. You are the very
английской грамматики в превосходной с т е п е н и ,

порядковым числительным
person I need. Are you
sure it's the only way to do
и с л е д у ю щ и м и прилагатель it? Be careful crossing the
Употребление артиклей
н ы м и : right тот, к о т о р ы й m a i n road. T h e university is
Определенный артикль н у ж е н ; п р а в и л ь н ы й , wrong on the left b a n k of the river.
не тот, very тот с а м ы й , only We have lived in the same
а) Перед нарицательными существительными е д и н с т в е н н ы й , main глав house for twenty years.
н ы й , left л е в ы й , right пра At lunch we discussed the
1. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , T h e flat is quite large and
в ы й , same тот же с а м ы й , c o m i n g elections. T h e next
о б о з н а ч а ю щ и м конкрет comfortable. T h e dog is un
coming п р е д с т о я щ и й , next, train to Baltimore is at ten.
н ы й предмет, о к о т о р о м der the table. Where are the
following с л е д у ю щ и й , present Answer the following ques
даются или выясняются children? T h e flowers are so
настоящий, текущий, tions. We caught the last
дополнительные сведения. bright and beautiful!
opposite п р о т и в о п о л о ж н ы й , bus home.
2. П е р е д с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , W h e n we went out, the m o o n necessary н е о б х о д и м ы й ,
я в л я ю щ и м с я единствен was shining. T h e manager usual о б ы ч н ы й , last послед
н ы м в своем роде и л и в told you to do it at once. ний.
данной обстановке. O p e n t h e door, please.
8. Перед н а з в а н и я м и музы M a r y plays the p i a n o very well.
3. П е р е д с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м в They went into the restaurant кальных инструментов,
ф у н к ц и и обстоятельства and sat down at t h e table by когда мы г о в о р и м о чьих-л.
места, если не подчеркива the window. I like to spend с п о с о б н о с т я х и г р а т ь на ин
ется з н а ч е н и е один из. my weekends in the forest. струменте.
He has gone to the c i n e m a /
9. Перед с у б с т а н т и в и р о в а н н ы T h e old d o n ' t always un
the theatre/the supermar
ми п р и л а г а т е л ь н ы м и и при derstand the young. T h e
ket/the b a n k .
частиями. Japanese live on islands.
4. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , Pass me the salt, please. T h e D u r i n g the war she looked
обозначающим вещество в snow is dirty. W h e r e is the after the wounded.
определенном количестве water?
10. П е р е д с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и , t h e proletariat, the bourgeoisie,
и л и в о п р е д е л е н н о м месте
о б о з н а ч а ю щ и м и социаль the workers, the public
в данной обстановке.
н ы е к л а с с ы людей.
5. В п р и л о ж е н и и п р и подчер T h e article was about Fellini, 1
11. П е р е д с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и T h e dog is a friend of man .
к и в а н и и известности лица, the film producer. P u s h k i n , в е д и н с т в е н н о м числе, обо
к которому оно относится. the great Russian poet, was значающими целый класс
b o r n in 1799. предметов.
6. П о с л е слов one of, some of, Give me one of the books.
many of, each of, most of; Some of the students failed
б) Перед именами собственными
о б ы ч н о после слов all, both. the exam. Most of the sto
ries are very interesting. 1. П е р е д и м е н е м с о б с т в е н - T h e Baxters have left L o n d o n ,
Each of the boys received н ы м , о б о з н а ч а ю щ и м цели
a free ticket. All the stu к о м всю семью.
dents have passed the exam.
Both (the) brothers live in 1
В таком значении существительные man и woman употребляются без
London.
артикля.
558 Английский язык. Ч А С Т Ь И IV. К л ю ч и к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 559
2. Перед и м е н а м и собственны Is he the Jim who called you up 2. В з н а ч е н и и один перед ис I'll be back in an hour. It lasted
ми, и м е ю щ и м и индивидуа this m o r n i n g ? ч и с л я е м ы м существитель a thousand years.
л и з и р у ю щ е е определение. ным, обозначающим время.
3. Перед н а з в а н и я м и с т р а н , the United States of America 3. В в о с к л и ц а т е л ь н ы х предло What a beautiful house!
в состав которых входят (the USA), the United ж е н и я х перед и с ч и с л я е м ы м
имена нарицательные. K i n g d o m (the U K ) , the с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м в един
Russian Federation с т в е н н о м числе, с т о я щ и м
после what в з н а ч е н и и что
4. Перед н а з в а н и я м и с т р а н во the Netherlands, the
за, какой.
м н о ж е с т в е н н о м числе. Philippines, etc.
4. П е р е д и с ч и с л я е м ы м суще She is such a clever w o m a n !
5. Перед н а з в а н и я м и о к е а н о в , the Atlantic (Ocean), the N o r t h
с т в и т е л ь н ы м в единствен She is quite a young girl. It's
морей, проливов, каналов, Sea, the P a n a m a C a n a l , the rather a difficult article (или:
н о м числе, о п р е д е л я е м ы м
рек. (river) T h a m e s , the Magellan с л о в а м и such, quite, rather, It's a rather difficult article).
Strait most (в з н а ч е н и и очень). It is a most interesting book.
6. Перед н а з в а н и я м и пу the Sahara, the G o b i (Desert), T h i s is Tom Brown, a student
5. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м в
с т ы н ь , г о р н ы х цепей и the Urals, the Alps, the from my class.
п р и л о ж е н и и , если не под
групп островов. Rocky M o u n t a i n s , the черкивается известность
Bermudas л и ц а , к к о т о р о м у о н о от
7. Перед н а з в а н и я м и геогра the Midlands, the Middle East, носится.
ф и ч е с к и х областей. the Punjab, the C r i m e a , 6. П е р е д с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , Suddenly we heard a shot, t h e n
the Caucasus, the South определяемым порядковым a second, and a third.
of England, the N o r t h of числительным в значении
Germany другой, еще один.
8. Перед н а з в а н и я м и театров, the Odeon, the Globe, the British 7. Перед и м е н а м и и ф а м и л и я
музеев, галерей, концерт Museum, the Tretjakov м и людей
н ы х залов. Gallery, the Albert Hall — со з н а ч е н и е м некий: There's a J o h n Spence waiting to
9. Перед н а з в а н и я м и отелей, the Hilton, the Ritz, the C o p p e r see you in the office.
р е с т о р а н о в , баров, б а н к о в Kettle, the Royal Oak, the — в значении нарицательного
2 He is a real N e w t o n .
и магазинов . Midland Bank, the Lord and су щ е с т в и т е л ьного.
Lady D e p a r t m e n t Store
10. Перед н а з в а н и я м и англий the Times, the Sun, the Spectator Отсутствие артикля
с к и х газет и ж у р н а л о в . (но: Pravda, Le Monde)
1. П е р е д а б с т р а к т н ы м и су T h e work gives h i m satisfaction.
11. Перед н а з в а н и я м и судов. the Titanic, the Sedov
щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и ; перед She has great experience in
н а з в а н и е м вещества, е с л и this work. Water is necessary
Неопределенный артикль р е ч ь не идет о к а к о м - л и б о for life. W h a t awful weather!
конкретном количестве; W o m e n live longer t h a n m e n .
1. Д л я о б о з н а ч е н и я A m a n is waiting for you. I've перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и Flowers are a good present.
п р и н а д л е ж н о с т и предмета got a son and a daughter. во м н о ж е с т в е н н о м числе в What beautiful stamps!
к к а к о м у - л и б о классу Give me a pen, please. о б щ е м смысле.
предметов при н а л и ч и и L o n d o n is a big city. He is a I d o n ' t know Charles Smith.
2. П е р е д и м е н а м и и фами
описательного определения good engineer. They bought л и я м и людей. Little Bobby is very funny.
и без него. a house in the country.
3. Перед н а з в а н и я м и конти Let's go to South A m e r i c a in
2 нентов, стран,городов, J u n e . Italy is a beautiful
Артикль отсутствует в названиях ресторанов, банков, гостиниц и ма штатов, п р о в и н ц и й . country. He lives in Paris. He
газинов, названных в честь их основателей и оканчивающихся на -s, -'s: settled down in Colorado.
Maxim's, McDonalds, Self ridges, Harrods, Lloyds Bank.
4. Перед н а з в а н и я м и от Everest is the highest m o u n t a i n з в а н и е (научное, воинское)

дельных горных вершин и in the world. Corsica and и л и с л у ж а щ и м ф о р м о й об
островов. Crete are islands. ращения.
5. Перед н а з в а н и я м и у л и ц , Fleet Street, Hyde Park, 16. В н е к о т о р ы х с о ч е т а н и я х You c a n get there on t i m e if you
парков, площадей. Trafalgar Square, Fifth с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о г о с пред go by train.
Avenue логом, когда все с о ч е т а н и е
6. Перед н а з в а н и я м и универ Oxford University, Moscow н о с и т н а р е ч н ы й характер:
ситетов, а э р о п о р т о в , желез University (но: the University on time, at home, at night,
нодорожных станций. of Moscow), Gatwick by tram (by bus, by train), by
Airport, Victoria Station heart, by day, from year to
7. Перед н а з в а н и я м и м е с я ц е в M a r c h , J u n e , Monday, Friday year и др.
и д н е й недели. 17. Ч а с т о перед н а з в а н и я м и She died of cancer. (Ho: a cold,
8. Перед н а з в а н и я м и я з ы к о в , English, Spanish, Japanese, но: болезней и ф и з и ч е с к и х со a headache, a sore throat.)
если за н и м и не следует the Italian language, the стояний. She's got flu. (= t h e flu.)
слово language. F r e n c h language 18. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м и J o h n went to university. ( H e is
9. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , I went to the C r i m e a for my bed, church, college, court, a student.) Ho: H i s m o t h e r
о п р е д е л я е м ы м с л о в а м и next holiday last year, and I'm hospital, prison, school, uni went to the university to see
в з н а ч е н и и будущий и last going there next year, too. versity, когда э т и слова име h i m last week. (She went to
в з н а ч е н и и прошлый (если Read the text on page nine. ют ф у н к ц и о н а л ь н о е значе the university as a visitor.)
с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о е обозна ние. Аналогичным образом She's at work. Will you be at
чает в р е м я ) и л и количе work (место работы), home h o m e tomorrow?
ственным числительным, ( р о д и т е л ь с к и й дом, р о д н о е
с л е д у ю щ и м за существи место) т а к ж е употребляют
тельным. с я без а р т и к л я .
10. После глагола to be и не W h o is m a n a g e r ( = t h e manager)
к о т о р ы х д р у г и х глаголов of t h e office? Основные значения некоторых предлогов
перед п р е д и к а т и в о м , обо
1. о, про, относитель Не spoke about his plan.
з н а ч а ю щ и м д о л ж н о с т ь , за
но
нимаемую единовременно
2. около, примерно, She's about thirty years old.
одним лицом.
about приблизительно
11. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , How old are you, young m a n ? 3. вокруг, кругом, по He walked about the garden.
служащим обращением. 4. (иметь что-л.) при I had all the documents about me.
12. П е р е д н а з в а н и я м и наук. I like Literature and History, but себе, с собой
I d o n ' t like Mathematics. above 1. над, выше My mother's photo is above the piano.
13. Перед с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м в Bank robber escapes from 2. более, больше, свы
There were above 500 people there.
заголовках, о б ъ я в л е н и я х и prison. President resigns! ше
телеграммах. поперек, через, на Can you swim across the river?
across My house is just across the street.
14. П е р е д существительными I'll ask Father about it. другой стороне
Mother, Father, Uncle, Auntie after 1. (время) после He came after dinner.
и др. в речи членов о д н о й и 2. (следование по по
He reads page after page.
той же семьи. рядку) за
15. П е р е д с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н ы м , Professor Pavlov, G e n e r a l Lee against 1. против He did it against my will.
с т о я щ и м п р и и м е н а х соб 2. (место) к, рядом, у Put the piano there, against the wall.
ственных и обозначающим 3. о, об He hit his head against the door.
along ВДОЛЬ no, no Не walked along the street. к р о м е (в с м ы с л е за Не g o e s there every day except
except
among среди, посреди, между I found the letter a m o n g my papers. исключением) Sunday.
around 1. вокруг, кругом We s t o o d around our teacher. I did it for you. T h e y fought for their
for 1. д л я , р а д и , за
2. амер. разг. непо country.
далеку, в б л и з и , T h e child played around the house. It rained for three hours yesterday.
о к о л о , за 2. в т е ч е н и е I have not b e e n there for five
as в качестве years.
He works as a guide.
at T h i s plan is for seven years. T h e
1. (место)
3. на (срок, время) c e r e m o n y was arranged for t w o
а) у, возле, о к о л о She is standing at the window.
o'clock.
б) в, на (при указании She's not at h o m e . She's at work. He
He took the book from the shelf.
места, где совер works at a factory. I'll s e e h i m at
1. (направление дей I received a letter from my
шается какое-л. the lecture. She's at Tom's. ( = a t brother yesterday. T h e train from
from ствия — откуда) с,
действие) Tom's house) L o n d o n arrives at 7.00. He bor
от, из, у
2. (время — момент C o m e at 5 o'clock. T h e y started at rowed a b o o k from his friend.
или период времени) dawn. At night you c a n see the She works from M o n d a y to (till/un
2. (начальный момент
в, на stars. действия) от, с til) Friday.
(время) раньше, пре T h e pencil is in the box. T h e y live in
before T h e y took a walk before dinner.
жде in 1. (место) в
Moscow.
behind п о з а д и , за, с з а д и He sat b e h i n d me. 2. (время)
below ниже, под H e signed his n a m e below mine. He was born in 1940. T h e y will ar
а) в (месяц, год)
He sat (stood, walked) beside his rive in May.
beside рядом, около, возле friend. There's a path beside the He'll be here in three hours.
б) через
river.
г) в, за, в т е ч е н и е T h e h o u s e was built in three m o n t h s .
кроме, п о м и м о (в
Besides the football t e a m , the c o l l e g e in front
смысле сверх перед Park your car in front of the house.
besides has a baseball t e a m and a basket of
чего-л., вдобавок к
ball t e a m . He is inside the house. There was a
чему-л) inside внутрь, в, в н у т р и
gold watch inside the box.
between между T h e h o u s e stands b e t w e e n t w o trees.
(движение или на
1. э к в и в а л е н т твори C o m e into the house. She dived into
into правление внутрь
by тельного падежа T h e article was written by a scientist. the water.
чего-л.) в
(кем?)
так; как кто-л.; как She looks very m u c h like her mother.
We learn by exercise. He began the like
2. п о с р е д с т в о м , п у т е м что-л. She's wearing a dress like mine.
work by c o l l e c t i n g material.
Do you live near here? Our h o u s e is
T h e t e l e p h o n e is by the window. near б л и з , возле, у, о к о л о
3. (место) у, о к о л о near the river.
C o m e and sit by me.
a seat next to the window/the fire;
He walked by me without saying a next to р я д о м с, о к о л о
4. м и м о , вдоль H i s garden is next to m i n e .
word.
1. эквивалент роди a b o o k of p o e m s ; a bag of p o t a t o e s ;
C a n y o u finish the work by 5 of тельного падежа the garden of my neighbour; the
5. к
o'clock? (чей? чего?) plays of Shakespeare
T h e ship sailed d o w n the river. He o n e o f these articles; s o m e o f m y
down вниз; в н и з п о
ran d o w n the hill. 2. и з
friends; m o s t of us
в п р о д о л ж е н и е , в те T h e y lived abroad during the war. He He took all the t h i n g s off the table.
during с (поверхности чего-л.)
чение, во время c a m e during the interval. off
Take your hand off my shoulder.
Your bag's on the table. There was H i s attitude towards this matter is
on 1. (место) на 2. к, по о т н о ш е н и ю к
d e e p snow on the ground. favourable.
C o m e on Monday. I shall go there We expect to receive the g o o d s to
2. (время) в, на (дни, 3. к, о к о л о
on the 2nd of June. We last met wards the end of May.
даты)
on your birthday. under 1. п о д My book's under the table.
3. по, п о с л е On c o m i n g h o m e I began to work. 2. меньше Under 50 people were there.
4. о, о т н о с и т е л ь н о , по She wrote a book on Russia. He spoke He walked up the stairs. T h e ship
поводу on the international situation. up вверх по
sailed up the river.
5. (иметь что-л.) при 1. эквивалент твори We write with pencils. T h e bread was
I have no m o n e y on me. with
себе, с собой тельного падежа cut with a sharp knife.
на, в (движение на по He threw stones o n t o the track. He He lives with his brother. A m a n with
onto
верхность) j u m p e d o n t o the train. a suitcase in his hand entered the
Our house is opposite the park. We 2. с hall. 1 had an argument with my
opposite напротив
sat opposite each other. boss. He listened to me with in
Take your books out of your bags. He terest. I have no m o n e y with me.
out of из (движение изнутри)
ran out of the room. W h e n I went to M o s c o w , I stayed
You c a n park your car outside our З.у with my parents. Leave the child
outside вне; за п р е д е л а м и house. Wait for me outside the with me.
door. I shall give you an answer within a
within 1. в т е ч е н и е
over 1. н а д T h e lamp hung over/above the table. week.
2. ч е р е з T h e y c l i m b e d over the wall. T h i s is not within my power. Their

2. в п р е д е л а х h o u s e is within a m i l e of the sta
3. п о They've travelled all over the world.
tion.
4. свыше; б о л ь ш е H e ' s over sixty.
without 1. б е з T h e y left without h i m .
He hurried past t h e m without stop
past 1. м и м о 2. не She sat without moving.
ping.
It was past midnight w h e n we got
2. п о з ж е , за, п о с л е h o m e . There's a bus at ten (min Список слов, употребляющихся
utes) past six.
с определенными предлогами
We travelled round Europe. T h e
round вокруг; кругом Глаголы с предлогами
earth m o v e s round the sun.
I haven't eaten since breakfast. H e ' s
since с, с о b e e n working in a bank since About
leaving school. agree a b o u t , argue a b o u t , b o a s t a b o u t , d r e a m a b o u t (while asleep),
We saw h i m through the window. h e a r a b o u t ( = b e told a b o u t ) , k n o w a b o u t , t a l k a b o u t , t h i n k about/of
through через T h e path led through the trees to ( = use t h e m i n d ) , w a r n a b o u t
the river.
No two teachers will agree about everything.
She worked from m o r n i n g till night.
till, until д о , вплоть д о His boss has warned him about being late for work.
Let's work till ten.
I'm going to the library. He walked Have you heard about Jimmy? He broke his leg in a skiing accident.
to 1. в, к, на, д о
to the office. It fell to the ground.
At
Give the letter to your sister. I'm
2. эквивалент датель g l a n c e at, k n o c k a t / o n , laugh at, look at, work a t / o n , s h o u t at
deeply grateful to my parents.
ного падежа
W h o did she address the letter to? (when you are angry), stare at
towards/ T h e y moved (walked) towards the Then he started shouting and swearing at her.
1. к, по н а п р а в л е н и ю к
toward town. He is working at/on a new invention.
From Brian lent his car to me for the weekend, (but: Brian lent me his car.)
differ from, h e a r from (=receive news from smb.), prevent from, A strange thing happened to me the other day.
suffer from, t r a n s l a t e (a b o o k , etc.) from o n e language i n t o a n o t h e r I'll write to you soon.
We haven't heard from Mike since he wrote to us last May. He never replied to any of my letters.
She suffers from asthma. I really object to being charged for parking.
For With
apologize for, apply for, ask for, look for, pay for, wait for agree with smb. (about/on smth.) (= have t h e s a m e o p i n i o n as
Jill has applied for a new job. smb.), argue with, b e g i n with, charge with, deal with, provide with,
I'm looking for the bus station. share with
I must apologize for being late. He agreed with them about the need for change.
We're always arguing with each other about money.
In
I always begin my day with a cup of coffee.
believe in, succeed in, t a k e p a r t in
He was charged with murder.
Do you believe in ghosts?
We are here to provide the public with a service.
He succeeded in getting a place at art school.
She shares a house with three other students.
Of I have to deal with all kinds of people in my job.
accuse of, (dis)approve of, consist of, c o m p l a i n of/about, h e a r of
( = k n o w t h a t s o m e o n e / s o m e t h i n g exists), d r e a m of ( = c o n s i d e r , imag
Прилагательные и причастия с предлогами
ine), die of/from, r e m i n d of, smell of, taste of, w a r n of
Do you approve of my idea?
His breath smelt of garlic. About
They complained about/of the food at the hotel. a n g r y about, a n n o y e d about, a n x i o u s about, c e r t a i n about, excited
He was warned of the danger. about, furious about, h a p p y about, pleased about, right about, sorry
about, upset about, k i n d about, g o o d about, w r o n g about, nervous
On about
c o m m e n t o n , c o n c e n t r a t e o n , c o n g r a t u l a t e o n , d e p e n d o n , insist The passengers grew angry about the delay.
o n , rely on The children were excited about opening their presents.
He didn't comment on this event. I'm sorry about the noise last night. We were having a party.
We congratulated them on getting married. She was right about Tom having no money.
I might come. It depends on the weather.
You can rely on Ann to work hard. At
g o o d at, b a d at, clever at, hopeless at, excellent at, brilliant at,
To quick at, slow at, efficient at, surprised at/by, shocked at/by, a m a z e d
apologize t o , b e a c c u s t o m e d t o , b e u s e d t o , belong t o , c o m p l a i n at/by, a s t o n i s h e d at/by
t o , explain t o , h a p p e n to, lend t o , listen t o , object to, reply t o , shout to Dora is really good at maths.
s o m e o n e (so t h a t they c a n h e a r you), speak t o , t a l k t o , write t o , agree I'm hopeless at science.
to s m t h . (= say " y e s " ) We were surprised at/by the size of the house.
Go and apologize to her. Everybody was shocked at/by the news.
I'm accustomed to having five hours' sleep a night.
She complained to the police about her neighbours. For
Jack agreed to a picnic. famous for, well k n o w n for, responsible for, early for, late for, ready
He shouted to me from the other side of the street. for, sorry for smb.
IV. К л ю ч и к у п р а ж н е н и я м ( S e l f C h e c k ) 569
Our city is famous for its beautiful buildings.

Наиболее употребительные суффиксы и префиксы
I was sorry for George when he came last in the race.
Суффиксы
From
absent from, different from, safe from, missing from /. Суффиксы существительных
This room is different from the other one. а) для обозначения действующего лица
There were several candidates missing from the list.
-er: teacher, worker, driver, p r o d u c e r
On Monday she was absent from school.
-or: translator, actor, inventor
In -ist: artist, specialist, c o m m u n i s t
interested in, experienced in, qualified in
б) для обозначения отвлеченных (иногда конкретных) существи
He is interested in computers and qualified in mathematics.
тельных
He is experienced in teaching.
-ism: socialism, c o m m u n i s m , professionalism
Of -ion: construction, discussion, opinion, region
afraid of, a s h a m e d of, aware of, capable of, fond of, full of, guilty
-ment: development, agreement, improvement, d o c u m e n t ,
of, frightened of, p r o u d of, tired of, sure of, short of
instrument
My sleeping bag was full of ants!
-ance, -ence: i m p o r t a n c e , resistance, difference, insistence
We're short of milk. Can you buy some more?
-ty: certainty, activity, possibility, necessity
Come on, let's go! I'm tired of waiting.
-ry: century, country, inquiry
On -cy: accuracy, policy, democracy
keen on -ure: culture, pressure, measure, figure
-age: language, marriage, village, luggage
I'm not very keen on fried food.
-ness: darkness, kindness, blindness, weakness
To -th: t r u t h , depth, growth, death, path
engaged to, married to, similar to, grateful to, kind to, indifferent to -tude: attitude, longitude, altitude
Linda is married to an American. -ship: friendship, membership, leadership
I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help. -dom: freedom, wisdom, kingdom
The weather was very kind to us. -hood: childhood, neighbourhood, brotherhood
With -our: colour, labour, h u m o u r
a n g r y with, a n n o y e d with, pleased with, h a p p y with, p a t i e n t (im
patient) with, satisfied with, d i s a p p o i n t e d with/at/by, impressed by/ (по о р ф о г р а ф и и , п р и н я т о й в С Ш А , - o r : color, labor)
with, bored/fed up with, crowded with, p o p u l a r w i t h
2. Суффиксы прилагательных
I'm really angry with you.
She's very patient with young children. -al: n a t u r a l , social, cultural
I know he was disappointed with/at/by my reaction, (but: I was disap -able, -ible: acceptable, desirable, possible
pointed in him.) -ant, -ent: i m p o r t a n t , resistant, different, insistent
Compare: / won a match today. I'm pleased about that. -ous: dangerous, famous, n u m e r o u s
My son has won the game. I'm pleased with him. -ive: active, relative, constructive
You are pleased (angry, a n n o y e d , furious) about an event or situ -ic: specific, e c o n o m i c , electric
ation.
-y: cloudy, foggy, rainy, sunny ( п р и б а в л я е т с я к
You are pleased (angry, a n n o y e d , furious) w i t h people or t h i n g s .
существительному)
-ful: powerful, careful, fruitful ( с у ф ф и к с о б р а з о в а н ir-: irregular — н е р е г у л я р н ы й , irresponsible —

от п р и л а г а т е л ь н о г о full — полный, п о э т о м у безответст ве н н ы й
означает н а л и ч и е качества) ( у п о т р е б л я е т с я перед г)
-less: powerless, careless, useless (означает отсутствие поп-: non-essential — н е с у щ е с т в е н н ы й
качества и соответствует русской приставке
mis-: misinform — н е п р а в и л ь н о и н ф о р м и р о в а т ь ,
бес-/без- — б е с с и л ь н ы й , б е з д о м н ы й и т.д.)
misunderstand — н е п р а в и л ь н о п о н я т ь ,
-ish: selfish, reddish, childish недопонять
-ing: c h a r m i n g , boring, caring
-ed: reserved, gifted, educated, narrow-minded, kind- (со з н а ч е н и е м « н е п р а в и л ь н о , неверно»)
hearted, well-informed
2. Префиксы с другими значениями
3. Суффиксы глаголов dis-: disappear — исчезать, discover — о т к р ы в а т ь , dis
order — б е с п о р я д о к
-ate: translate, indicate, c o m m u n i c a t e
-ize, -ise: organize/organise, realize/realise, centralize/ (придает значение противоположного действия)
centralise
re-: reappear — снова появляться, reconstruct —
-fy: modify, simplify, classify
реконструировать, перестраивать, reelect — снова
-en: sharpen, widen, strengthen избирать, переизбирать
4. Суффиксы наречий (со з н а ч е н и е м «снова, з а н о в о , вновь», иногда с о о т в е т с т в у е т
-ly: coldly, slowly, suddenly ( н а р е ч и я о б р а з а д е й с т в и я , русской п р и с т а в к е пере-)

отвечают на в о п р о с : как?) de-: decentralize — д е ц е н т р а л и з о в а т ь , demobilize —
-ward, homewards, backwards (означает н а п р а в л е н и е ; демобилизовать
-wards: с п о м о щ ь ю с у ф ф и к с а -ward могут
о б р а з о в ы в а т ь с я п р и л а г а т е л ь н ы е : backward — (выражает значение противоположного действия)
о т с т а л ы й , inward — в н у т р е н н и й )
en-: enrich — о б о г а щ а т ь , делать б о г а т ы м , enslave —
п о р а б о щ а т ь , enlarge — у в е л и ч и в а т ь
Префиксы
1. Префиксы с отрицательным значением ( и м е е т з н а ч е н и е «делать»)
un-: unreal — н е р е а л ь н ы й , unofficial — pre-: prehistoric — д о и с т о р и ч е с к и й , prewar-

неофициальный, unknown — неизвестный, д о в о е н н ы й , prerevolutionary —
undress — раздевать, untie — р а з в я з ы в а т ь дореволюционный
in-: incapable — н е с п о с о б н ы й , incomplete —

(со з н а ч е н и е м «перед, ранее»)
н е п о л н ы й , incomparable — н е с р а в н и м ы й
im-: impossible — н е в о з м о ж н ы й , impatient — post-: postwar — п о с л е в о е н н ы й , postrevolutionary —
н е т е р п е л и в ы й , immobile — н е п о д в и ж н ы й послереволюционный
( у п о т р е б л я е т с я перед г у б н ы м и с о г л а с н ы м и b , т , р ) (со з н а ч е н и е м «после»)
il: illegal — н е з а к о н н ы й , illogical — н е л о г и ч н ы й , over-: overestimate — п е р е о ц е н и в а т ь , overpay —

illiterate — н е г р а м о т н ы й переплачивать
( у п о т р е б л я е т с я перед 1) (со з н а ч е н и е м «сверх, чрезмерно»)

under-: underestimate — н е д о о ц е н и в а т ь , underpay —

недоплатить, оплачивать низко
Список использованной
(со з н а ч е н и е м «недостаточно») литературы
sub-: subdivision — подразделение, subtropical —
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(со з н а ч е н и е м «под») Блинова СИ., Синицкая Е.И., Чернышева Г.С Грамматика
super-: supernatural — с в е р х ъ е с т е с т в е н н ы й , s u p e r m a n — английского языка. Модальные глаголы. С б о р н и к у п р а ж н е н и й .
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Выборнова Г., Махмурян К, Мельчина О. Easy English. М.,
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2001.
з а в и с я щ и й о д и н о т другого
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trans-: transatlantic - т р а н с а т л а н т и ч е с к и й , transplant —
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пересаживать
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Крылова И.П. Г р а м м а т и к а с о в р е м е н н о г о а н г л и й с к о г о я з ы к а :
со-: cooperation — с о т р у д н и ч е с т в о , к о о п е р а ц и я , co
с б о р н и к у п р а ж н е н и й . М., 1986.
education — с о в м е с т н о е обучение, coexistence
Мальцева В.A. Exercises in N o m i n a l P a t t e r n s . М н . , 1978.
— сосуществование
Н о в ы й б о л ь ш о й а н г л о - р у с с к и й с л о в а р ь / п о д ред. Ю . Д . А п р е с я н а
(означает о б щ н о с т ь д е й с т в и я , с о о т в е т с т в у е т русской пристав и Э . М . М е д н и к о в о й . М., 1997.
Рубцова М.Г. П о л н ы й к у р с а н г л и й с к о г о я з ы к а . М., 2001.
ке со-)
Синглтон К. В р е м е н а а н г л и й с к и х глаголов. К о с в е н н а я р е ч ь в
fore-: foresee — предвидеть, foretell — предсказать а н г л и й с к о м я з ы к е . М., 2005.
(со з н а ч е н и е м «заранее, вперед», с о о т в е т с т в у е т р у с с к о й при Скалкин В.Л. Р а з г о в о р н ы й а н г л и й с к и й я з ы к . М., 1980.
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У Д К 811.111 (075.

" H a s t h e L o n d o n t r a i n left y e t ? "

[У] W h y are t h e police asking t h e ticket collector about t h e m a n in

G R A M M A R : Present Perfect (1) С. 1. — So you are back from t o w n .

9. — Have you written to A n n ?

10. — J i m is going to b e c o m e a professional footballer. — W h y is he so long?

1. W h e r e is Alec? (leave for Rome) 2. W h a t has b e c o m e of your Dear Chris,

1. E m m a / c o o k d i n n e r / m a k e soup; 2. you/give t h e b o o k back to left. 11. J o h n h a s n ' t fixed t h e sink.

2. David: Have you travelled a lot, N o r a ? 5. E l m e r Colt is from K a n s a s . H e ' s on a 14-day t o u r of E u r o p e .

1. At last I (do) my homework. I c a n go for a walk now. 2. T h e

— Why don't you buy this dictionary? (yesterday)

— When did you buy it? d) H o w long/there

Variations 1. George: Hello, K e n .

said to t h e dog, " b u t w h e n I (finish) you may have t h e b o n e . " 5. Go

ing (and good d a n c e bands), a c i n e m a , a t h e a t r e , a bar, a cafe', r o o m s Special Difficulties

A: Peter paid for me. He wanted to ... but I said "No".

4. W h e n you've finished, put everything back ... it was before. 5. T h e

1. К а ж е т с я , о н и з н а ю т друг друга. 2. Он п р о и з в о д и т впечат­ 1. London is the River Thames.

Mary: We went to Ireland two years ago to pay Jill a n d h e r

[ T | W h e n i s J a n e t a k i n g h e r holiday? H a s she m a d e h e r plans yet?

B. Complete the sentences.

Listening A. Decide if the following sentences are true or false.

С. Choose the correct continuation to complete the following sentences. lar?

Reading Dear Sam,

Holidays G r e e t i n g s from L o n d o n ! T h e w e a t h e r i s w a r m a n d s u n n y a n d I ' m

1. W h a t is your idea of a good holiday?

4. — Since w h e n have you b e e n p r e p a r i n g for y o u r exam, Peter?

11. I have lived in M o s c o w all my life. (= I was b o r n here, I live

12. — By t h e way, how long have you k n o w n Mr M o r g a n ?

— F o r 20 years. Mrs Parker: N o , n o , I haven't. I've b e e n r e a d i n g t h i s maga­

— Q u i t e an old habit. zine. It's very interesting. T h e r e ' s an article a b o u t

3. Give additional information.

a) — Is John still sleeping? (hours) a) Let's visit Aunt Emily. (Christmas)

1. Let's invite H a r r y a n d J a n e to d i n n e r . ( M a r c h ) 2. Let's play c) — It is raining.

7. Ask questions. b) Jeff/in Italy

b) — I'm looking for a job. I was at school with Jim.

4. You've b e e n s m o k i n g t o o m u c h recently. You should smoke

5. A n n h a s b e e n writing letters all day. She has written ten letters

В. 1. Bank Manager: C o m e in. You're Mr C a r s o n , a r e n ' t you? Please

2. Judith: W h a t are you reading?

Judith: H o w m a n y pages have you read? Practice

2. Brian: O h , hello. I've b e e n in t h e library.

1. Fill in with Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.

1. L o o k ! S o m e b o d y (break) t h e window. 2. I wonder if J o h n (for­

1. M a r y got a j o b in the b a n k 5 years ago. She left the j o b last week.

3. Ask questions with how long and when.

1. A n n is learning Italian. 2. Paul is preparing for his exam. 3. T h e

1. drive a car/two years; 2. shave/summer; 3. speak to Bill/we t h e shelf u n d e r t h e d a s h b o a r d . T h a n k s , M u m .

2. Mike: Have you seen my new tie, M u m ?

3 Английский язык. Часть 2

Mrs Fenton: T h a n k you, Sarah... you look very well, too. A n d

3. Mr Fenton: Someone's at the door, Carol. 6. Tom: Is everything ready?

Тот: Have you m a d e t h e pies? Self Check

O v e r t o n . " " Y o u (be) to o t h e r c o u n t r i e s ? " "Yes, I (go) to F r a n c e t w o — Х о р о ш а я и д е я . Н и к г о в о р и т , ч т о о н в и д е л и н т е р е с н ы й де­

o n 2 8 A u g u s t a n d t h e y quickly ( a r r a n g e ) t h e f u r n i t u r e i n t h e i r new — П я т ь лет.

h o u s e . T h e y ( n o t , m a k e ) m a n y friends yet, b u t t h e y ( t h i n k ) t h a t t h e y — Где ты р а б о т а л р а н ь ш е ?

s o o n will. T h e n e i g h b o u r s (be) very k i n d s o far, a n d M r W i l l i a m s — В научно-исследовательском институте.

3. Translate into English.

e) How to express encouragement and consolation:

a) How to greet an acquaintance: f) How to express surprise, incredulity:

Give my regards to of course. К а к т ы себя ч у в с т в у е ш ь с е г о д н я ? С п а с и б о , х о р о ш о . У ж а с н а я

[У| H o w are J o h n a n d his family? W h y is Sally not good at the

Mr Smith: G o o d a f t e r n o o n , Mr W h i t e , how are you?

1. К а ж е т с я , о н и з н а ю т друг друга. 2. Он п р о и з в о д и т впечат 1. London is the River Thames.

— F o r 20 years. Mrs Parker: N o , n o , I haven't. I've b e e n r e a d i n g t h i s maga

1. L o o k ! S o m e b o d y (break) t h e window. 2. I wonder if J o h n (for

O v e r t o n . " " Y o u (be) to o t h e r c o u n t r i e s ? " "Yes, I (go) to F r a n c e t w o — Х о р о ш а я и д е я . Н и к г о в о р и т , ч т о о н в и д е л и н т е р е с н ы й де

2. Ask someone to: с ч е м о д а н а м и ? — К о н е ч н о , помогу. И. Не могли бы вы пока

A t r a d i t i o n a l English breakfast is a very big meal — sausages, ba Glossary