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Составляющий часть целого
2
исполнительный
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законодательный
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управлять
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объединены
Judicial6 system is represented by courts7. So there is practically no separation of
powers. The majority party has the real power in the country.
At the end of the election the Queen appoints the Prime Minister (PM). Normally the
leader of the party who wins the election becomes the PM.
The office of the Prime Minister was introduced in 1720’s. The first PM was Robert
Walpole.
The PM chooses about 20 Members of Parliament from his or her party to become
the Cabinet of Ministers (or simply the Cabinet), they are called the Secretaries of State. The
Ministers are almost always the members of the Commons, also a few are Lords. Cabinet
meetings are held in private while the Parliament is sitting.
The British Parliament is of great significance in the political life of the country. It
consists of two Houses (or Chambers): the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
6
судебный / законодательный
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собрание членов правления
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голосование
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система простого большинства
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официально признанный
of both the Government and the Opposition. According to their seats' location, they are
called "front-benchers". The back rows of seats belong to the rank-and-file MP's (the so-
called "back-benchers").
The House of Commons is presided11 [prɪ'zaɪdɪd] over by the Speaker. He seats on the
Speaker's chair.
Before every sitting of the House the Speaker walks to the Chamber from his
residence within the Royal Palace.
He is wearing a wig and a gown and is accompanied by his Chaplain, Secretary and
Serjeant-at-Arms carrying the Mace.
Every bill (a law in the process of making) has to go through several stages in order to
become an Act of Parliament. First of all, every bill has three readings in the House of
Commons. If the majority of MP's vote for the bill, it is sent to the House of Lords for
discussion. If the Lords agree to the bill, it is sent to the Queen for signature. If any bill
passes through three readings in the House of Commons, a discussion in the House of Lords
and the Queen's signature it becomes an Act of Parliament or a Law of the Land.
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проповедник