S EU 2k3s

Министерство образования и науки, молодежи и спорта Украины
Севастопольский национальный технический университет
Основы профессиональной грамотности
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ
к практическим занятиям по дисциплине

«Английский язык» для студентов 2 курса 3 семестра
специальностей «Судовождение» и
«Эксплуатация судовых энергетических установок»
дневной и заочной формы обучения
Севастополь
2012
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УДК.629.123 + 656.61.052
Основы профессиональной грамотности. Методические указания к

практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Английский язык» для студентов 2
курса 3 семестра специальностей «Судовождение» и «Эксплуатация судовых
энергетических установок» дневной и заочной формы обучения/Сост. Ю.А.
Мороз, Е.В. Никитина. – Севастополь: Изд-во СевНТУ, 2012. - 48с.
Методические указания предназначены для практических занятий

студентов групп ЭС и ЭД дневной и заочной формы обучения. В каждом
уроке представлен текст, лексико-грамматические упражнения на закрепление
материала урока и задания, развивающие коммуникативные навыки.
Методические указания утверждены на заседании кафедры Практики

романских и германских языков (протокол № 11 от 14. 05. 2012 г.).
Допущено учебно-методическим центром и научно-методическим Советом

СевНТУ в качестве методических указаний.
Рецензент: Михайлова Е.В., канд.филолог.наук, доцент кафедры Практики

романских и германских языков СевНТУ.
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СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Введение ………………………………….……………………4
1. Lesson 1. General Description of a Ship ..……………………5
2. Lesson 2. My Special Field ……………. …………………..12
3. Lesson 3. Safety Shipboard ……………….. …………….....19
4. Lesson 4. Life-saving Appliances …………………………..26
5. Lesson 5. General Drills …………………………. …….......33
6. Lesson 6. Actions in Emergency. Types of Alarms………....40
Библиографический список ………………………………….46
Приложение А. Basic Vocabulary …………………………….47
Приложение В. Safe Working Practice ……………………….48
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ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов 2-го курса 3

семестра специальностей «Судовождение и безопасность судоходства» и
«Эксплуатация силовых и энергетических установок».
Основная цель методических указаний – совершенствовать приобретенные
ранее знания студентов по грамматике и лексики, расширить словарный запас
по профессиональной тематике и научить вести беседу по следующим темам
«Описание судна», «Моя специальность», «Основы правил безопасной работы
на судне», «Спасательные средства», «Учения», «Действия при нештатных
ситуациях».
Методические указания состоят из 6 уроков, каждый из которых содержит
основной и дополнительные тексты, упражнения для закрепления лексики
соответствующего урока, а также творческие задания коммуникативной
направленности. Лексический материал содержит профессиональную
терминологию, фразы и команды, одобренные ИМО для общения на море.
Словарный минимум каждого урока содержит слова и словосочетания,
которые студенты смогут использовать при прохождении собеседования в
компаниях, занимающихся набором плавсостава, и при общении на судне.
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Lesson One. General Description of a ship
Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:
1. starboard/port side правый/левый борт

2. bulkhead переборка
3. double bottom двойное дно
4. freeboard надводная часть судна
5. roll бортовая качка
6. pitch килевая качка
7. anchor якорь
8. derrick кран-стрела, деррик
9. winch лебедка
10. to let out (mooring lines) отдавать, выпускать (швартов)
11. hatch cover люковое закрытие, крышка люка
12. gear редуктор, привод, механизм
13. load line грузовая ватерлиния
14. to stow укладывать груз
15. tween deck твиндек
16. poop ют
17. forecastle полубак
18. trim дифферент, правильное размещение груза
19. heel крен
20. list or inclination крен на один из бортов
21. to engrave (вы)гравировать
22. ship's underwater body подводная часть корпуса судна
23. permanent housing/superstructure постоянные постройки/надстройка
24. draught marks марки углубления
25. Load Line Certificate свидетельство о грузовой марки
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text, paying attention to the words in italics.
General Description of a Ship
The main body of a ship is called a hull. The hull is divided into three main parts:
the foremost part is called the bow and the rearmost part is called the stern; the part
in between is called amidships. The hull is the main part of the ship. This is the area
between the main deck, the sides (port and starboard) and the bottom. It is made up
of frames covered with plating. The part of the hull below water is the ship's
underwater body. The distance between the waterline and the main deck is the
vessel's freeboard. The hull is divided up into a number of watertight compartments
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by decks and bulkheads. Bulkheads are vertical steel walls going across the ship and
along.
The hull contains the engine room, cargo space and a number of tanks. The engine
is fitted near the bottom of the ship in the engine room. In dry cargo ships the cargo
space is divided into holds. Openings giving access to holds are called hatches. In
liquid cargo vessels the cargo space is divided into tanks. At the fore end of the hull
are the forepeak tanks, and at the after end are afterpeak tanks. They are used for
fresh water and fuel. If a ship has double sides, the space between the sides contains
wing tanks. The space between the tank top and the space contains double bottom
tanks.
All permanent housing above the main deck is known as superstructure.
Nowadays, cargo vessels are normally built with the after location of the engine
room and bridge superstructure to gain more space for cargo. The forward raised
part of the deck is called the forecastle and its after raised part is the poop. On deck
there are cargo handling equipment, such as cranes, winches, derricks and etc.
Other parts and equipment of a ship include funnels (smokestacks) situated near
the bridge to discharge smoke and exhaust fumes, an anchor on the left and right
sides of the bow, and enough lifeboats to hold all persons onboard. Modern ships
have power-driven winches to raise or lower the anchors and to bring in or let out
the mooring lines used to tie vessels at a pier. Power-driven winches also operate the
cranes for loading and unloading cargo. The cargo is loaded and discharged to the
holds through the cargo hatches. Booms that are fitted to the masts are called
derricks', they are necessary for cargo operations, especially if there is no possibility
to use harbour's cranes
Modem ships also have high-speed pumps to pump out ballast water or to pump
up seawater in case of fire. Radio-telegraph equipment keeps ships in constant touch
with the rest of the world. The maximum breadth of a ship is the beam. The total
length measured from the foremost to the aftermost points of a ship's hull is called
the length overall. The draught is the depth of the ship's bottom or keel below the
water surface. The forward draught is measured at the bow and the draught aft at the
stern.
Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

1. What is the hull? 2. What are the bulkheads? 3. What does the hull contain? 4.
What is the main deck? 5. What is the superstructure? 5. What is the bow? 6. What
is stern? 7. What the other parts and equipment do you know? 8. How is the cargo
loaded and discharged? 9. What is the function of the winches/anchors? 10. Do you
know the ship’s overall dimensions? 11. What are the main parts of a ship? 12. What
is the difference between a dry cargo ship and a liquid cargo ship?
Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

 in Russian: bulkhead, port side, to discharge, cargo space, stern, screw, weather
deck, merchant ship, forecastle, hatches, underwater body, power-driven
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winches, anchor, wing tanks, double bottom, poop, pitching, overall dimensions,
beam, plating, freeboard, ladder, crane, at a stern, on the main deck,
superstructure, starboard side;
 in English: нос, водонепроницаемый отсек, загружать, правый борт,

укреплять (груз), трюм, шлюпка, вытравливать (якорь), надстройка, винт,
бортовая качка, откачивать, турбина, сухогруз, габаритные размеры,
обшивка, теплоход, топливная цистерна (танк), корма, неправильная
погрузка, пробоина, кран-стрела, грузовое пространство, танкер.
Exercise 5. Match the term with its definition.
term definition
1. bulkheads a. a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a
ship
2. port side b. the watertight body of a ship or boat
3. tank c. an enclosed space on a boat or on a ship
4. deck d. special coverings or doors over the holds
5. cabin e. the total length
6. hull f. the distance from waterline to the bottom of a ship
7. underwater body g. the height of a ship's deck above the water level.
8. overall length h. an accommodation
9. hatch i. the vertical surfaces dividing the internal space
10. freeboard j. a left side of a ship
Exercise 6. Read the dialogue and then make up your own one.
A: So, this is a cargo ship, isn’t it?

B: Yes. It’s a general cargo ship. Now we are on the navigating bridge. This is the
place where the captain and his mates control the ship. If we look forward we’ll see
the main deck and the forecastle. The main deck (or we can call it weather deck)
covers the cargo spaces or holds. There are openings cut in the decks, and those
openings are the hatches, one to each hold.
A: How do you load the cargo into the hold and discharge it?
B: We use derricks. A derrick is a strong boom (грузовая стрела) made of steel and
wood, that can swing from side to side. But a lot of ships are fitted with cranes.
A: How many holds are there on the ship?
B: There are four on the main deck forward and one right aft. We number them from
one to five. And each hold is served by two derricks.
A: You’ve mentioned the forecastle, haven’t you?
B: Yes, right so. The forecastle is that small extra deck above the main deck,
forward of number one hold, right up in the bow. It carries the anchors and their
cables. I’ll take you up there in a few minutes.
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Exercise 7. Choose the right variant.
1. watertight compartment
a) пустые отсеки b) водонепроницаемый отсек c) танк для жидких
грузов
2. poop
a) надстройка b) полубак c) ют
3. forecastle
a) полубак b) ют c) постройка
4. double bottom tank

a) танк двойного дна b) двойная цистерна c) второй танк
5. wing tanks
a) закрытые танки b) боковые цистерны c) топливные танки
6. трюм
a) hold b) poop c) derrick
7. грузовые помещения
a) accommodation spaces b) engine room c) cargo spaces
8. камбуз
a) galley b) kitchen c) diner
9. кают-кампания
a) cabin b) dinning-room c) mess-room
10. живые помещения

a) accommodation b) cargo spaces c) living-room
Exercise 8. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. The raised part of the deck in the ship’s bow is called the forecastle and its raised
part at the stern of weather deck is the poop.
2. Decks and bulkheads divide the hull up into several of watertight compartments.
3. The hull is divided into three main parts such as the bow, the stern and the part in
between that is called amidships.
4. The after location of the engine room and bridge superstructure to gain more
space for cargo are the most common on modern cargo ships.
5. If water floods one compartment because of an accident, closing the doors will
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trap the water there and prevent it from flooding other compartments.
6. On a diesel-electric ship, the engine turns a generator that supplies current to an
electric motor connected to the propeller shaft.
7. Radio-telegraph equipment keeps ships in constant touch with the rest of the
world.
8. Steam produced in the boilers through a series of gears drives the propeller shaft
and makes the propeller revolve.
9. Different cranes, derricks and booms are necessary for cargo operations,
especially if there is no possibility to use harbour's cranes.
10. The draught is the depth of the ship's bottom or keel below the water surface.
Exercise 9. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Чтобы обеспечить прочность и увеличить безопасности плавания корпус

судна разделяется водонепроницаемыми переборками на ряд отсеков.
2. Форпик и ахтерпик используются обычно для забортной воды (балласта).
3. Отсеки, предназначенные для приема, воды, жидкого топлива или жидкого
груза, называются цистернами или танками.
4. Отсеки судна, расположенные между вторым дном и нижней палубой и
предназначенные для перевозки грузов, называются грузовыми трюмами.
5. На грузопассажирских судах в твиндеках размещают жилые помещения
(accommodation).
6. Носовая приподнятая часть палубы называется полубак, а кормовая – ют.
7. На палубе грузовых судов размещено погрузочно-разгрузочное
оборудование, например, лебедки, деррики, краны и т.д.
8. * Большинство современных судов оснащены разными системами, которые
помогают эффективно использовать судно.
9. * Самые распространенные двигатели на судах – это газовые и паровые
турбины, а также дизельные установки.
10. * Во время постановки судна к причалу используются механизированные
лебедки, которые автоматически подают швартовы.
COMPREHENSIVE READING
Exercise 8. Look through the text and then decide which statement is
TRUE/FALSE.
 In case of flooding the watertight compartments allow a ship to be afloat with a

hole.
 Bulkheads are the special decks.
 All the structures below the main deck make up the superstructure.
 Overloading and faulty loading can lead to severe damage of a ship.
 Usually cargo is stowed in the tanks.
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The main parts of a ship are the hull, the engines, the propellers, and the rudder.
The main body of a ship is called the hull. The hull is the watertight shell of a ship.
It is divided into a number of horizontal surfaces called decks. Bulkheads are walls
built between the decks, forming compartments. Each compartment has special
doors that, when closed, make it watertight. Those dividing up compartments are
known as tween decks* on which the cargo rests. If water floods one compartment
because of an accident, closing the doors will trap the water there and prevent it
from flooding other compartments. Watertight compartments enable a ship to float
even with a hole in its hull. The hull is divided into three parts: fore end, amidships
and after end. The deck at the top of the hull is called the main deck. This deck
covers the holds where the cargo is stowed. Several more decks may be above it. All
the structures above the main deck make up the superstructure. At the fore end is the
forecastle. At the after end the bridge superstructure and the poop are combined.
The ship's position below water must be closely watched. The overall shape of a
hull is designed to make the ship as stable (steady) as possible. A ship must not roll
(rock from side to side) or pitch (rock from front to back) too much. Most modern
ships also use stabilizing systems to reduce rolling.
The angle that a ship is making fore and aft with the water is known as trim. The
levels are read by numbers painted on the ship’s stem and called draught marks. A
list or inclination from one side to another, caused by faulty loading, is known as
heel. In the course of loading load lines must be watched above all. The load lines
are engraved and then painted on the both sides of ships. The divided circle on the
left shows the depth to which the ship may be loaded in summer time. Below this
line are, on the grid to the right, two lines. The one marked W means winter loading,
the lower one marked WNA means the maximum depth to which the ship may be
loaded if she is going across the North Atlantic in winter. The other marks above
these are: T for tropical, F for fresh water. These lines are shown on the ship’s Load
Line Certificate. In case of overloading a ship, so that these lines are under water,
the penalties are severe.
* the translation of the words in italics can be found in the exercise 1.
Exercise 9. Translate the text and write down all the pieces of equipment and
machinery.
To have more space for cargo the engine room is located at the aft and near the
bottom. The engine drives the propeller at the stern of a ship. The engines of most
ships are steam turbines, gas turbines, or diesel engines. The largest and fastest ships
have steam turbines. Steam produced in the boilers spins the bladed wheels of the
turbine. The turbine, through a series of gears, drives the propeller shaft and makes
the propeller revolve. On turboelectric ships, the turbine turns a generator that pro-
duces electricity for a motor. The motor, in turn, drives the propeller. Almost all
merchant ships use oil as the fuel to heat the boilers that create the steam. Many of
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the most advanced ships have gas turbines. Gas turbines work much like steam
turbines but use hot gases instead of steam.
On a ship, the engine room or ER commonly refers to the machinery spaces of a
vessel. To increase the safety and damage stability (аварийная остойчивость) of a
vessel, the machinery necessary for operations may be separated into various spaces.
The engine room is one of these spaces and is usually the largest compartment of the
machinery space. The ER houses the vessel's power plant, usually some variations of
a heat engine - diesel engine, gas or steam turbine. It should be mentioned that the
engine room of cargo ships typically contains several engines for different purposes.
On some ships, the machinery space may comprise more than one engine room,
such as forward and aft, or port or starboard engine rooms, or may be simply
numbered. On a steamship, power for both electricity and propulsion is provided by
one or more large boilers giving rise to the alternate name boiler room.
On a large percentage of vessels, ships and boats, the engine room is located near
the bottom, and at the rear end of the vessel, and usually comprises few
compartments. This design maximizes the cargo carrying capacity of the vessel and
situates the main engine close to the propeller. With the increased use of diesel
electric propulsion packages, the engine room(s) may be located well forward, low
or high on the vessel, depending on the vessel use.
If equipped with internal combustion or turbine engines, engine rooms employ
some means of providing air for the operation of the engines and associated
ventilation. If individuals are normally present in these rooms, additional ventilation
should be available to keep engine room temperatures to acceptable limits.
to house – быть оборудованным,

to comprise - содержать
power plant – силовая установка, энергоустановка
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Lesson Two. My Special Field.

1. special field специальность
2. a sea-going or marine engineer
судовой механик
3. an electrical engineer инженер-электрик
4. power-plant maintenance эксплуатация силовых установок
5. motion and ship control качка и управление судном
6. strength of ship прочность корабля
7. marine turbines судовые турбины
8. propulsion system силовая установка
9. machinery машинное оборудование
10. apprenticeship курс обучения или профессионально-
технической подготовки (плавпрактика)
11. Ship Power Plant Maintenance Эксплуатация судовых установок
12. Maritime Shipping Technologies - Морские технологии судоходства
13. Sailing Directions лоция
14. Navigational Aids Maintenance эксплуатация навигационных приборов
15. Global Marine Satellite System глобальная морская система
спутниковой связи (ГМСС)
16. Basics of Ship’s Steering основы управления судном
17. to be responsible to smb./ for быть подотчетным кому-либо/ отвечать
smth. за что-либо
18. log book вахтенный (судовой) журнал
19. hands on работники
20. shipping мореплавание, навигация, судоходство
21. urgency крайняя необходимость
22. to be short of испытывать недостаток в чем-либо
23. to be in charge of быть ответственным за
24. to subordinate подчиняться
25. ratings рядовые специальности
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text.
My Special Field
The name of our faculty is Marine Technologies and Navigations. Department

which is one of the most popular in our Sevastopol National Technical University.
The department consists of three faculties, including Navigation and Ship Power,
and it trains not only specialists in the fields of Navigation and Ship Power Plant
Maintenance, but also the engineers of different specialties: sea-going or marine
engineers, electrical engineers, specialists for shipbuilding industry.
The students work hard on many subjects necessary for their future profession:
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Physics, High Maths, Strength of Materials and Theoretical Mechanics. The future
engineers study Power-plant Maintenance, Motion and Ship’s Control, Strength of
Ship, Marine Turbines and a lot more. As marine engineers they should know how
to operate and maintain the propulsion and other systems onboard the vessel as well
as carry out all repair functions onboard. Engineers are running and maintaining all
machinery. They are generally more hands on and work with temperatures in the
engine room spaces exceeding 45 - 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit).
The future navigators study the following subjects such as Marine Law,
Navigation, Sailing Directions, Basics of Ships Steering, Astronomy, Global Marine
Satellite System (GMSS) and Navigational Aids Maintenance. Before they become
a navigator, the students will work as seamen. They will keep watch on the
navigating bridge, paint, wash and scrub deck and complete the orders.
As shipping is an international industry, both future engineers and navigators will
call at many foreign ports. For this reason they are also taught the English language
to be able to communicate properly in case of necessity or urgency (emergency).
Exercise 3. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the name of your faculty?
2. What is your specialty?
3. What are the main subjects you study at the University?
4. When will you have your practical training? What is the main task of it?
5. What are the most important things you should know?
6. What do the marine engineers/future navigators do?
7. Why should you master your English skills?

 in Russian: Sailing Directions; machinery space; GMSS, an electrical engineer,
Strength of Material; bunkering operation, galley and laundry, mechanical
equipment; to keep watch, officer-in-charge, to relieve each other of the watch;
electrician; in the case of urgency;
 in English: вахта в машинных отделениях, служба эксплуатации, вахтенный
(судовой) журнал, управлять, эксплуатация навигационных приборов,
осушительная система, заводить (механизмы), эксплуатация силовых
установок, быть ответственным за что-либо, быть подчиненным кому-либо,
основы управления судном, теоретическая механика.
Exercise 5. Continue the following sentences:

1. My department is called … and consists of… .
2. The future navigators/engineers study the following subjects… .
3. We call navigators/engineers according to their rank … .
4. Every navigator/engineer must know… .
5. At first the future engineers/navigators usually work as … .
***
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6. The engine department is headed by … .
7. A Chief Engineer subordinates only to the … .
8. … should know how to operate and maintain the propulsion and other systems
onboard the vessel as well as carry out all repair functions onboard.
9. Motormen maintain … in the machinery spaces.
***
10. Deck hands participate in….
11. The master is responsible for … .
12. The chief officer in the absence of the master is ….
13. … keeps the Deck Officer’s log book.
14. … paint, wash and scrub deck.
TEXT A. Duties of the Engine Department

Depending on the principle of a ship’s organization and type of power plant, the
engine department with the chief engineer at the head can include several engineers,
electrical engineers, refrigeration engineer, motormen (oilers and wipers), welder
and electricians.
Engine department personnel operate, maintain and repair internal combustion
engines, boilers, steam turbines and main propulsion plant, refrigeration and air
conditioning systems. Engine department participate in emergency repair.
We call marine engineers according to their rank as Chief Engineer, First
Assistant/2nd Engineer and Second Assistant/3rd Engineer. Those who join without
experience are Trainee Marine Engineers (TMEs) or Junior Engineers. Those who
join without an engineering license are given the rank of Engine Cadet. There are
also two ratings such as a wiper and an oiler. Only the latter one keeps watch.
A Chief Engineer is responsible only to the Master and is a licensed mariner. He
is in charge of the Engine Department. The Chief is responsible for all ship’s
machinery and control systems, most paperwork (ordering spare parts) and directly
supervises engine repairs. He determines the fuel, lube oil and other consumables
that are required for a voyage and prepares the engine room for inspection by local
marine authorities. The Chief Engineer should be in the engine room during
maneuvering operations.
The 1st Assistant Engineer or the 2nd Engineer is the next in rank to the chief
engineer. He is in charge for daily activities of the engine room personnel. The 2 nd
engineer supervises maintenance and repair work. He is a watchstanding engineer
and is responsible for the main engine, fire main system, water ballast system and
refrigeration system.
The 2nd Assistant Engineer or the 3rd Engineer is a watchstanding engineer in an
attended engine room or a duty engineer in an unattended machinery space (UMS).
He is in charge of bunkering operations and is responsible for auxiliary boilers.
15
Engine Cadet is a student of some Maritime Academy or University doing a sea
apprenticeship to become a Third Assistant Engineer or 4 th Engineer. They usually
work under the supervision of a watchkeeping engineer. They are mostly only day
workers and are usually given one day off per week to study for gaining their
licenses.
Because of the large degree of automation in the engine rooms of modern ships,
very few crewmen are required for the engine room maintenance.
Key words and expressions to the text:
1. ship’s organization распорядок службы и жизни на судне

2. oilier смазчик, моторист 1 класса
3. wiper обтирщик, моторист 2 класс
4. welder сварщик
5. engineering watch вахта в машинных отделениях
6. internal combustion engine двигатель внутреннего сгорания
7. main propulsion plant силовая установка
8. to supervise наблюдать; осуществлять надзор
9. bunkering operations бункеровочные операции
10. maintenance техническое обслуживание, содержание в
исправном состоянии
11. lube oil смазочное (машинное) масло
12. consumables расходные материалы
13. spare parts запасные детали (части)
14. apprenticeship курс практического обучения
15. to gain the license получить лицензию
Exercise 6. Answer the following questions:
1. What are the chief engineer’s functions? 2. What engineer supervises engine
department repair and maintenance work? 3. What are the duties of the 3 rd engineer
officer? 4. Whom does the engine department consist of? 5. What must the chief
engineer ensure first of all? 6. What else is he responsible for? 7. What do you know
about the engine cadet, wiper or oiler?
Exercise 7. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
1. The task of the 2nd Engineer was to prepare the engine room for inspection by
local authorities, but he failed to do it in time.
2. He managed to repair the propulsion system of the vessel.
3. While doing a sea apprenticeship he became familiar with new equipment and its
maintenance.
4. As a future marine engineer I must learn how to operate the propulsion and other
16
systems onboard the vessel.
5. He has just reported to the Chief that we are short of the necessary spare parts.
6. We used to maintain heavy machinery by hand, but it became easier because of
the large degree of automation.
7. He must ensure proper operation, maintenance and repair of the machinery,
equipment and control system.
Exercise 8. Translate into English.
1. Старший механик подчиняется только капитану.

2. Смазчик и обтирщик также входят в состав службы технической
эксплуатации.
3. Стармех несет ответственность за безопасное и эффективное управление
машинным отделением.
4. Одной из дополнительных обязанностей второго механика является
исправная работа системы охлаждения.
5. 3-ий механик отвечает за вспомогательные и утилизационные (waste-heat)
котлы.
6. Благодаря высокой степени автоматизации оборудования механикам и
мотористом легче работать в машинном отделении.
7. Каждый механик должен уметь управлять силовой установкой.
8. Старший механик не подготовил машинное отделение для проверки
местными властями.
9. Кто на судне отвечает за документацию и заказ запасных деталей?
10. Нам приходилось работать в тяжелых условиях, но за эту работу мы
получали неплохие деньги.
11. Час назад второй механик доложил о происшествии главному механику.
12. Ремонт нового оборудования проходил под контролем вахтенного
механика.
TEXT B. Duties of the Deck Department
The deck department consists of navigators and deck hands that are headed by a
bosun. We call navigators according to their rank as the Master (Captain), the Chief
Officer (First Mate), the Second Officer (2 nd Mate), the Third Officer (3rd Mate) and
the Fourth Officer (4th Mate). Deckhands are called ordinary seamen and able-bodied
seaman.
All Deck Officers keep watch at the navigating bridge. They may not leave it
when on watch and they relieve each other every 4 hours. Every navigator must
know how to define the ship’s position, plot her course on the chart and take
bearings. Besides navigators keep the Deck Officer’s Log Book which is full of the
navigation and activities of vessel at sea and in port.
17
Deck hands participate in mooring operations, carry out all maintenance work
including planned upkeep and repair of all hull equipment, paint work and deck
cleaning – weeping, swabbing and scrubbing. AB seamen stand watches, during which
they may be lookouts or work as a helmsman. Ordinary seamen don’t keep watch instead
of it they may clean and paint the ship.
The Master is responsible for seaworthiness and effective operation of his vessel,
for the safety of crew, cargo and equipment on board. He has a full authority over all
persons on board his vessel, and he must be an experienced navigator.
The Chief Officer is the Master’s main assistant and the head of the Deck
Department. He is an officer-in-charge in the absence of the Master and must be
always ready to replace the Master and to perform his duties. He is responsible to
the Master for the management and supervision of the Deck Department. The Chief
Officer is responsible for the loading, stowage, and discharge of all cargo carried by
the vessel. He also ensures that the personnel of his department know and comply
with all safety rules and regulations.
The 2nd Officer is the watchkeeping navigator. He is responsible to the captain for
all aspects of navigation (voyage planning, chart/publication correction, navigation
equipment maintenance) while at sea, in charge of cargo watch while in port for the
safe and efficient transfer of cargo.
The 3rd Officer is responsible for portable fire-fighting equipment and life-saving
appliances except those which are assigned to the engine department.
And of course the ship’s officers are all responsible for maintenance of good order
and discipline on board their ship.
Key word and expressions to the text:
5. seaworthiness мореходность, пригодность к плаванию

6. A.B.seamen матрос I-го класса
7. ordinary seamen матрос II-го класса
8. under supervision под руководством
9. stowage укладка, размещение
10. life-saving appliances спасательные средства
11. deck hands палубная команда
12. mooring operations швартовые операции
13. swabbing мытье шваброй, драйка
Exercise 9. Answer the following question:
1. What must Deck Department personnel know and comply with?

2. Who is the head of the Deck Department?
3. Whose responsibility is maintaining of the fire-fighting equipment and life-saving
appliances?
4. Where do deck hands participate in?
18
5. How many ranks of navigators are there? What is each of them responsible for?
Exercise 10. Translate into Russian.
1. The navigators study the following subjects: Marine Law, Navigation, Sailing
Directions, Basics of Ships Steering, Astronomy, Global Marine Satellite System
and Navigational Aids Maintenance.
2. The third mate on cargo ships is assigned to calculate the overtime for the
crew…
3. Navigators keep the Deck Officer’s Log Book which is full of accurate account
of the navigation and activities of vessel at sea and in port.
4. The deck crew – A.B.seamen and ordinary seamen - are headed by the bosun.
5. The Chief Officer is second in command and administers the deck department,
which operates and maintains all parts of the ship except its propulsion
machinery and is in charge of cargo handling and stowage.
Exercise 11. Translate into English.
1. Старший помощник капитана является ответственным за погрузку,

размещение и разгрузку груза.
2. Швартовые операции и уборка палубы – обязанности матросов (палубной
команды).
3. На факультете «Судовождение» преподают астрономию, морское право,
основы навигации и судовождения, глобальные морские системы
спутниковой связи и т.д.
4. Система званий судоводителей включает такие должности: капитан,
старпом, второй помощник, третий помощник и четвертый помощник.
5. Капитан несет ответственность за мореходность и эффективную
эксплуатацию судна, безопасность команды и груза на борту.
6. Вахтенные офицеры несут вахту на капитанском мостике и сменяют друг
друга каждые четыре часа.
7. В вахтенный журнал записывают все изменения курса судна и этапы
погрузочно-разгрузочных работ в порту.
8. Второй помощник отвечает за навигационные карты и навигационное
оборудование.
9. Матрос первого класса стоит на руле, использует сигнальные флаги и
выполняет малярные работы (paint work).
10. Матрос второго класса обычно не стоит на вахте, ремонтирует, моет и
подкрашивает палубу и убирает помещения (spaces), за которые отвечает
служба эксплуатации.
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Lesson Three. Safety Shipboard
1. precaution меры предосторожности

2. to eliminate устранять
3. injury травма
4. hazardous опасные условия/обстоятельства
conditions/circumstances
5. to prohibit запрещать
6. to permit / permission разрешать/ разрешение
7. porthole, manhole бортовой иллюминатор, смотровой люк
8. goggles защитные очки
9. safety helmet защитный шлем/каска
10. volatile летучий
11. loose незакрепленный, свободная (об одежде)
12. hot work огневые работы
13. to undertake предпринимать (undertook, undertaken)
14. fire alarm stations посты по расписанию пожарной тревоги
15. racks стеллажи
16. safe working practice техника безопасности
17. to spread sawdust or sand разбрасывать опилки или песок
18. spill разлив, пролитая жидкость
19. markings опознавательные и другие знаки и надписи
20. to post warning signs выставить предупредительные знаки
21. to rig lifeline ставить спасательный леер
22. spontaneous combustion самовозгорание
23. to be disposed of убирать, устранять
24. oily rags промасленная ветошь
25. clogs обувь с толстой деревянной подошвой
26. to be suitable for подходить, быть подходящим
27. appropriate соответствующие, подходящие
28. safe shoes with heels and laces безопасная обувь с каблуками и шнурками
29. shoes with steel toe inserts ботинки с металлическими накладками
30. hood on grinder кожух на станке
31. welder shields щитки сварщика
32. flywheel маховик
33. paint brushes малярные кисти
34. sunburn, sunstroke солнечный ожог, солнечный удар
35. safety belts ремни безопасности
36. stop valves стопорный/запорный клапан
37. switches, fuses переключатели, плавкие предохранители
20
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text, write down new words with the given
translation.
Shipboard Accident Prevention
Safe operation of a vessel depends on observation of safety precautions by all

personnel. The purpose of the Safety Management System (система управления
безопасностью) is to minimize and eliminate personnel injuries and to prevent
damage from accidents and fires. The unlicensed personnel (the ratings) should
assist senior officers in carrying out the ship's safety program.
All crewmembers must report to their department heads any hazardous
conditions discovered.
Smoking on the weather decks, especially on a tanker, is strictly prohibited under
many circumstances. When at sea, smoking may be permitted in the wheelhouse or
on the weather decks aft of the stack, Cigarette butts (окурок) and matches
(спички) must not be thrown out portholes. On board tankers the use of cigarette
lighters (зажигалки) is prohibited. In some ports, in accordance with local
regulations "No Smoking" signs are posted at the gangway and about the ship.
Crewmembers are required to wear clothing appropriate to the work in which they
are engaged. Slippers, clogs, sandals and similar footwear are not suitable for deck
or engine room work.
To prevent injury to personnel it is necessary that they wear proper personal
protective equipment and adequate clothing such as goggles, safety helmets, safe
shoes with good sales, heels and laces, gloves to protect hands, tight fitting (плотно
облегающий), short or long slewed clothing (одежда с короткими и длинными
рукавами) and protective devices such as safety belts, rubber mats and other non-
slip coverings, safety glasses, hoods on grinders, adequate guards
(соответствующие ограждения) over gears and pulleys (выступающие блоки),
oxygen-breathing apparatuses (кислородный аппарат), welder shields should be
used. Dangerous places such as gears in machinery, flywheels etc. must be protected
with guards; open manholes and gratings (решетки) must be roped off (ограждать
канатом).
The use of gasoline or other volatile liquid for cleaning clothing, paint brushes, or
other equipment is prohibited.
Passageways, decks and compartments must be kept clear of loose gear and
equipment.
No hot work or spark producing work shall be undertaken without special
permission or gasfree certificate (свидетельство об отсутствии газов в нефтяных
цистернах).
Life boats and equipment must be ready for immediate use at all times.
Wilful (преднамеренный) or repeated violations (повторные нарушения) of
safety rules or refusal (отказ) or negligence (халатность) to observe safe working
21
practices will subject the offender to immediate dismissal (списание) from the
company employment.
Deck department personnel must immediately spread sand, sawdust or other
suitable material to insure proper footing when decks, gangways or ladders become
slippery because of ice, oil spills, etc. Safety markings and warning signs required
by regulations are displayed as specified. Lifelines must be rigged on the approach
of heavy weather to provide safe passage across weather decks. Personnel working
in strong sunlight should wear clothing protecting against sunburn or sunstroke.
While taking bunkers on no electrical or power-driven tools shall be used on deck.
No work shall be done on electrical installations on the decks.
Engine department personnel working in the vicinity of (в близости) boilers or
steam or hot water pipes should wear long sleeved shirts to minimize danger of
burns or scalding (ожог горячей жидкостью или паром). Personnel working
around machinery should not wear loose clothing, neckties (галстуки), etc. They
should wear safety type shoes with steel toe inserts. Men are not permitted to enter a
boiler until all burners have been removed. Signs reading "Men in Boiler" must be
posted. All stop valves to the boiler must be lashed (закреплять) in closed position.
When men are working in boiler drums, a man is stationed outside at all times to
render (оказывать) immediate assistance if necessary. Repairs must not be made to
electrical circuits or equipment until all power has been cut off (отключать) to the
part affected. Switches are to be opened and tagged with a warning sign indicating
that the circuit is under repair. Fuses are to be removed to open the circuit during
repairs. Oily rags must be disposed of immediately to avoid spontaneous
combustion. Where this is not possible, they must be stowed in a tight metal
container, in a safe location away from heat.
1. When will you have to use a fresh air breathing apparatus? 2. Whose duty is to
keep machinery spaces clear of loose gear and equipment? 3. What does the sign
“Hot Work Permit” mean? When is it used for? 4. Can you use volatile liquids for
cleaning your clothing on board? 5. What protective equipment may be used while
doing engine room work? 6. Why cigarette butts and matches must be thrown out of
portholes? 7. What footwear is not suitable for engine room work? 8. Whom will
you report a hazardous condition discovered? 9. What can eliminate personnel
injuries and prevent damage? 10. What will happen to a crewmember if he does not
observe safe working practice rules? 11. What clothing should you wear to
minimize danger of burns (sunstroke, scalding, sparks)? 12. Is it permitted to wear
loose clothing while working around running machinery? 13. Where are oily rags
stowed? 14. When must the “Men in Boiler” sign be posted? What is the duty of the
man stationed outside a boiler when people are working outside? 15. What safety
precautions do you know?
22
 in Russian: безопасную обувь с прочными подошвами и шнурками, перчатки

для защиты рук, плотно сидящую одежду с коротким или длинным
рукавом, спасательные пояса, нескользкие покрытия, защитные стёкла и
кожуха на станках, отвечающие требованиям ограждения, защитные
решётки на зубчатых передачах и блоках, кислородные дыхательные
аппараты, щитки сварщика, опасные места, маховики, люки, решётки,
должны быть ограждены канатом, правила по обеспечению безопасности,
 in English: fire hoses, personal protective equipment, goggles, safety helmets,

location, long slewed clothing, rubber mats, first aid devices, fire extinguishers,
guards, welder shields, electrical circuits, gangway/ladder steps, lighter,
dangerous places, gratings, power-driven tools, sunburn, fire-fighting equipment,
bulkhead, dangers, safety devices, scalding, posted sign, paint brushes, gloves,
matches, immediate use, to prevent injury, to get permission, safe passage.
Exercise 5. Read the text and then write an annotation in English.
На борту судна цвета всегда использовались с определённым значением.

Красным цветом (Red) обозначается местоположение противопожарного
оборудования: красный фон на переборке указывает на местоположение
огнетушителей, стеллажей для пожарных шлангов; посты по расписанию
пожарной тревоги; пожарные краны (fire main), пожарные насосы (fire pumps),
топоры (fire axes) и вёдра (buckets).
Жёлтый цвет (Yellow) используется для обозначения опасностей, которые
могут вызвать падение, заставить споткнуться (to trip), наткнуться (to stumble),
удариться обо что-то (to strike against something). Это могут быть ступени
трапа, край площадки (edge of platform), шкафы управления (control boxes) и
вентиляторы.
Оранжевый цвет (Orange) используется на опасных частях механизмов и
оборудования и изнутри съёмных ограждений (guards) и крышек. Это могут
быть внутренние поверхности крышек и распределительных коробок (switch
box covers) и панелей с плавкими предохранителями (fuse panels); пусковые
рукоятки (hand cranks) и торчащие (exposed) концы валов (shaft ends) примерно
на уровне глаз (at about eye level), чтобы предупредить (to warn) об опасности,
если вы обопритесь (to rest) руками или пальцами (hands or fingers).
Зелёный цвет (Green) используется для указания на местоположение
предохранительных устройств и спасательных средств и средств,
применяемых при оказании первой помощи. Зелёный крест (green cross) может
показывать, где находятся: предметы снабжения для оказания первой помощи
(first aid supplies), а медицинский шкаф (medicine cabinet) может быть весь
23
окрашен в зелёный цвет; судовой лазарет (hospital) и кнопки сигнализации
(alarm buttons).
Синий цвет (Blue) используется на предупредительных ярлыках или бирках
(caution tags), которыми снабжаются механизмы и оборудование, не
подлежащие использованию (should not be used), перемещению (moved) или
запуску (started), когда на них производятся ремонтные работы или
обслуживание. Это может быть: клапан судового свистка (whistle valve);
рулевое колесо (steering wheel); рукоятки и кнопки управления машинами и
двигателями (engine controls). Бирки синего цвета используются на палубе,
когда производится покраска (painting) наружной части блоков управления
(control boxes) электрических шлюпбалок (electric davits), лебёдок (winches) и
брашпилей (windlasses),
Белый цвет (White) используется на борту судна, в основном, для
обозначения габаритных размеров комингсов (comings) на твиндеках (twin
decks).
1. To prevent injury to personnel it is necessary that they wear proper personal

protective equipment and adequate clothing such as goggles, safety helmets, safe
shoes with good sales, heels and laces.
2. Repairs must not be made to electrical circuits or equipment until all power has
been cut off to the part affected.
3. Deck department personnel must immediately spread sand, sawdust or other
suitable material to insure proper footing when decks, gangways or ladders
become slippery because of ice, oil spills, etc.
4. Dangerous places such as gears in machinery, flywheels etc. must be protected
with guards; open manholes and gratings must be roped off.
5. While taking bunkers on no electrical or power-driven tools shall be used on
deck. No work shall be done on electrical installations on the decks.
6. Engine department personnel working in the vicinity of boilers or steam or hot
water pipes should wear long sleeved shirts to minimize danger of burns or
scalding.
7. Fuses are to be removed to open the circuit during repairs. Oily rags must be
disposed of immediately to avoid spontaneous combustion.
8. Safety Management System is to minimize and eliminate personnel injuries and
to prevent damage from accidents and fires.
9. Personnel working in strong sunlight should wear clothing protecting against
sunburn or sunstroke.
24
10. Willful or repeated violations of safety rules or refusal or neglect to observe
safe working practices will subject the offender to immediate dismissal from the
company employment.
Exercise 7. Here are some phrases that may be used to write an

annotation/summary.
При составлении аннотации в английском языке используется ряд

специфических выражений, так называемых клише, среди которых может
быть выделено три группы:
А) клише, касающиеся общей темы текста:
1. В тексте говорится о... The text deals with…
2. В статье говорится о... The paper is concerned (with)…
- излагаются основные the main principles of… are given
положения
- формулируются задачи the problems of… are stated
3. Согласно заголовку статьи, речь в ней идет о… As the title implies the article
describes ...
4. В тексте изложена важная информация о… The text gives valuable
information on…
5. В статье представлен детальный анализ… The article gives a detailed analysis
of…
6. В работе идет речь об исследовании в области… The paper looks at recent
research dealing with…
7. Данная работа (статья) посвящена… The paper (article) under discussion
(consideration) is intended (aims) to describe (explain, examine, survey)…
Б) клише, выявляющие главную мысль, идею текста:
1. Автор подчеркивает мысль The author emphasizes the ideas (outlines, points
out, reviews, analyses)
о том, что… that…
2. Основная мысль текста The main idea of the text is (that)…
заключается в том, что...
3. Автор полагает, что... The author believes (that)…
4. Автор обращает особе внимание на… The author focuses his attention on…
5. Особое внимание уделяется… Special attention is paid (given) to…
6. Цель данного исследования – подтвердить (протестировать,
усовершенствовать, обобщить, выявить) … The purpose of the research is
to prove (test, develop, summarize, find)…
7. Детально рассматривается вопрос о… It is spoken in detail about…
В) клише, связанные с заключением, к которому автор приводит
читателя:
1. Автор приходит к выводу, что... The author comes to a conclusion that…
25
2. В заключении говорится, что... In conclusion the paper points
out that…
3. В статье (работе, книге) The paper
- содержатся интересные сведения - presents some interesting facts concerning
- дается краткий обзор, имеющегося reviews the literature related to the problem
по этому вопросу материала
- рассматриваются актуальные вопросы - concerns the most important problems
of…
- анализирует следующие вопросы - analyses the following problems
4. Результаты исследования полностью The results agree well with the
theory…
подтверждают теоретические разработки…
5. Результаты исследования являются The results proved to be reliable…
достоверными…
В заключение аннотации можно использовать один из следующих оборотов:
 It is known as a fact that;  It is possible to obtain;
 It is clear that;  It is necessary to introduce;
 It is reported (known) that; It should be remembered (noted, mentioned).
Lesson Four. Life-Saving Appliances

26
1. reinforced усиленный, укрепленный

2. enclosed закрытый
3. approved одобренный, утвержденный
4. carrying capacity грузоподъёмность, несущая способность
5. to derive from выводить, определить
6. inflammable легко воспламеняющийся
7. buoyancy - плавучесть; способность держаться на поверхности воды
8. to wear (wore, worn) одевать, носить
9. to abandon ship покидать судно
10. whistle свисток
11. alleyway коридор
12. self-regulating, self-righting самовыравнивающийся
13. to capsize переворачиваться
14. lifelines леерные ограждения
15. davit launched life raft плот, спускаемый шлюпбалкой
16. canopy тент, навес
17. fully manned полностью человекоуправляемый
18. gas accumulation газонакопление
20. inclined наклонный
21. inflatable надувной
22. radar responder or the aerial радиолокационный передатчик или антенна
23. rail леер
24. arrangement расположение
25. safety valve предохранительный клапан
26. feed and blowoff поддув и сдув
Life-Saving Appliances
Among the collective life-saving appliances the main ones are lifeboats, life
rafts and life buoys. Lifeboats can be open, partially enclosed and totally enclosed
type. Each type of lifeboats is used nowadays, but modern ships are equipped with
glass-fibre reinforced ones because of their high corrosion resistance and low
maintenance requirements.
Cargo ships and passenger vessels as well as fishing crafts are equipped with
approved life rafts. The number, type and carrying capacity derive from regulations
and additional requirements. Life rafts are automatically inflatable and can be
launched either automatically thrown overboard or manually.
Life buoy is a life saving buoy designed to be thrown to a person in the water, to
provide buoyancy, to prevent drowning. Some modern life buoys are fitted with a
seawater-activated light or lights to aid rescue at night. The life buoy usually is ring-
27
shaped (круглой формы) or horseshoe-shaped (в форму подковы) and has a
connecting line allowing the casualty to be pulled to the rescuer.
Personal life-saving appliances include lifejackets, immersion suits and some
other personal floatation devices (PFD’s in short).
A lifejacket can be made from solid material self-inflated, plastic, etc. Lifejackets
use air or gas to keep the water afloat (держаться на плаву) and must be inflated
before they provide buoyancy. Each crewmember should check how a lifejacket is
put on and inflated before having to use in emergency. It should be mentioned that
inflatable (working) lifejackets will also be required to be worn in certain situations
when working at or near the ship’s sides or stern and not only before abandoning
ship or operating on the open deck under poor weather condition. Standard
lifejackets must be orange, yellow or red, and have a whistle attached. The lifejacket
is stowed in a cabin wardrobe. Instructions for putting it on are on the inside of the
door to the wardrobe and/or on display cards on alleyway bulkheads.
An approved PFD is designed to keep man afloat in the water. PFDs are
generally smaller, less bulky and more comfortable than lifejackets. They have less
flotation than lifejackets and have limited turning capacity. An inflatable PFD is a
type of personal flotation device that either automatically inflates when immersed in
water, or is inflated by the wearer using an oral or manual inflation device. Most
inflatable PFDs use a carbon dioxide cartridge to inflate.
1. How many types of life-saving appliances do you know? 2. How many lifeboats
are on a ship? 3. Where are they located? 3. What type of lifeboats is the most
popular nowadays and why? 4. How can life rafts be activated? 5. What do you
know about the lifejackets? 6. Where is lifejacket stored? 7. When should lifejacket
be used? 8. What does the abbreviation PFD mean? 9. What document regulates the
lifesaving appliance list? 10. Why should any crewmember know everything about
the life-saving appliances and their operation?
 in Russian: life raft, enclosed lifeboat, to lower lifeboat, inflammable life raft, to
put on lifejacket, afloat, to stow, under fair weather conditions, attached to, to
immerse, flotation, to pull side-tapes down, manual inflation device, to ensure,
ring-shaped, PFD, abandoning ship, to be belted, to launch lifeboat, under poor
weather conditions, temperature range, alleyway bulkhead, to be inflated;
 in English: гидрокостюм для погружения, открытая шлюпка, надеть

спасательный жилет, спустить шлюпку, клапан поддува, опрокидываться,
шлюпбалка, отвечать требованиям, спасательный леер, приводить в
движение, камера плавучести, быть рассчитанным, спасательный надувной
28
плот, обслуживание, предохранительный клапан, зависеть от, малые суда,
сбросить на воду, быть оснащенным.
Exercise 5. Match the answer with the question. Get ready to speak about life-
saving appliances.
Question Answer
1 What advantages have a Approved ones are life rafts thrown
totally enclosed lifeboats? overboard type, life rafts davit launched
type and life rafts without any protection.
2 Why should a lifeboat leave b The weight of a life raft lies between 100 kg
the damaged ship as quickly and 185 kg, it withstands all weather
as possible? conditions at sea for 30 days, and it is
operable over an air temperature range – 30
and +60 degrees of Celsius.
3 What kinds of life rafts are c Instructions for putting them on are on the
approved? inside of the door on display cards on
alleyway bulkheads and/or to the wardrobe
4 Where life rafts usually d Totally enclosed boats are self-righting.
stowed?
5 How are life rafts packed? e The biggest danger to the boat and its
occupant comes from the damaged and
sinking ship itself by its capsizing and by
explosions etc.
6 What are the main f Life rafts are packed tightly folded
characteristics of life rafts? (сложенный) in plastic containers.
7 Where can instructions for g Life rafts are almost always stowed on
putting on lifejackets be swinging-out storage frames, inclined ramps
found out? or equipment appliances.
Exercise 6. Read an abstract of the conversation between Port Inspector and Watch
officer and then make up your own dialogue.
A: I am authorized to inspect your ship’s safety equipment. Show me your ship’s
International Certificate issued to you under SOLAS Convention.
B: Here you are. I think everything is all right, as we were surveyed only a year ago.
A: Let me have a look. Well, all certificates are valid. And now if you don’t mind
I’d like to make survey of your ship’s safety equipment. Will you show me to the
boat-deck?
B: This way, please. We are on the boat-deck.
A: I see all boats are available here and provided with proper supplies and
equipment. You’ve got only 7 life buoys, but under SOLAS Convention you are to
have 8 ones. You should get the missing life buoy within 1-2 days through your
agent.
29
B: So it will not delay our departure, won’t it?
A: Certainly, it won’t. I’ll visit you before the ship’s departure and check the
availability of all lifesaving appliances once more.
B: Good. Settled.
1. Replace the life raft ___ the next port. a) within b) in c) through d) from
2. Jump ___ the water and board the life raft. a) near b) off c) into d) above
3. The life buoys are ____ the deck railing. a) through b) on c) from d) in
4. ___ each other when entering lifeboat.

a) Are not pushing b) Have not pushed c) Do not push d) Does not push
5. ____ the new crew members instructed on occupational safety?

a) Has b) Had c) Are d) Is
6. You ___ your immersion suit.

a) brings b) is bringing c) must bring d) to bring
7. ____ to your lifeboat stations. a) To go b) Go c) Goes d) Going
8. Lifejackets _____ in your cabins.

a) storing b) to store c) are stored d) is stored
9. Only twelve people ____ in the lifeboat.

a) is fitting b) can be fitting c) fits d) can fit
10. The safety manuals ____ last month.

a) issued b) has been issued c) was issued d) were issued
Exercise 8. Look through the text and complete the following sentences.
1. Nowadays most of lifeboats are of …

2. Partially enclosed lifeboats are not suitable for …
3. Rescue boats can in calm water reach speeds of …
4. For launching life rafts they may be …
5. The main characteristics of the life rafts …
6. In case of flooding or abandoning a ship the seamen should …
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7. … can be of different shapes, for example, … to keep a man afloat.
8. An Inflatable PFD is …
9. Modern ships are equipped with…
Types of Lifeboats
There are several types of lifeboats that are used on large and small ships. The
material of this safety equipment can be wood, steel or aluminum, plastics and even
rubber. Wooden or metal lifeboats require significant maintenance. Metal boats tend
to corrode quickly if neglected, wooden ones can dry out and then become leaky.
Glass-fiber carbon reinforced plastic lifeboats on the other hand have a high
corrosion resistance and a low maintenance requirement.
Let’s speak about other classification of lifeboats. Totally enclosed lifeboats are
self-regulating if all openings are closed watertight and the persons on board are
belted into their seats. That is the normal condition even at launch. If a totally
enclosed boat capsizes with the across or ventilation openings open it still possible
to leave it above water. In open lifeboats everyone holds onto the lifelines. Before
climbing into free-fall boats (спасательная шлюпка свободного падения),
lifejackets are taken off and stowed in the boat.
Partially enclosed lifeboats are also used, particularly on passenger vessels. They
are not suitable for free-fall launching.
Free-fall boats are totally enclosed lifeboats stowed on specially designed
launching appliance at the stern.
Rescue boats may be of rigid or inflatable construction or of combination of both.
Rescue boats have either an inboard or an outboard motor. That enables them to
achieve a speed of at least 6 knots running and 2 knots towing.
Life Rafts
Each ship no matter its size is equipped with approved life rafts. Regulations and
some additional requirements determine the number, type and carrying capacity of
such a safety equipment.
There are different life rafts, they are thrown overboard type, davit launched type
and large life rafts without any protective canopy and usable either way up.
Life rafts are automatically inflammable. For launching they may be thrown
overboard or designed and positioned near launching appliances for launching fully
manned.
All life rafts are so installed that they can be launched quickly, securely and safely
– if possible by one man – even with 20° list, over the high side. For that reason life
rafts are nowadays almost always stowed on swinging-out storage frames, inclined
ramps or equivalent appliances.
Depending on the size of the raft the weight of a life raft including its packing and
full distress equipment lies between 100 kg and 185 kg.
Every inflatable life raft afloat withstands all weather conditions at sea for 30
days. It can be thrown into water in its container and it has adequate stability in a
31
seaway when inflated, the floor is waterproof and can be inflated for installation
against cold. Life raft has a light on the top, inside and outside, an arrangement for
collecting rainwater and a fitting for the radar responder or the aerial of the
portable radio apparatus.

1. Life raft has a light on the top, inside and outside, an arrangement for collecting
rainwater and a fitting for the radar responder or the aerial of the portable radio
apparatus.
2. Some modern life buoys are fitted with a seawater-activated light, or lights, to aid
rescue at night.
3. The material of the lifeboats safety equipment can be wood, steel or aluminum,
plastics and even rubber.
4. Standard lifejackets must be orange, yellow or red, and have a whistle attached.
5. Life rafts are automatically inflatable and can be launched either automatically
thrown overboard or by manually.
6. Most inflatable PFDs use a carbon dioxide cartridge to inflate.
7. Lifejackets use air or gas to keep the water afloat and must be inflated before they
provide buoyancy.
8. Instructions for putting a lifejacket on are on the inside of the door to the
wardrobe and/or on display cards on alleyway bulkheads.
9. Among the collective life-saving appliances the main ones are lifeboats, life rafts
and lifebuoys.
10. Glass-fiber reinforced plastic lifeboats on the other hand have a high corrosion
resistance and a low maintenance requirement.
Exercise 10. Translate the sentences into English
1. Спасательная шлюпка должна отвечать всем требованиям Морского

Регистра.
2. Открытые шлюпки приводятся в движение с помощью двигателя и вдоль
бортов шлюпки есть спасательные леера с деревянными или
пластмассовыми ручками, за которые может ухватиться человек,
находящийся в воде.
3. При опрокидывании полностью закрытая шлюпка самостоятельно
возвращается в нормальное положение.
4. Плоты рассчитаны на 6 или 10 человек, они с наружной и внутренней
сторон окрашены в оранжевый цвет.
5. Спасательные шлюпки изготавливаются из металла или стеклопластика.
32
6. Современные суда оснащены только полностью закрытыми шлюпками.
7. Спасательные плоты - очень эффективное спасательное средство, а на
малых судах - основное.
8. Количество спасательных кругов зависит от длины судна.
9. Применение надувных жилетов на танкерах и пассажирских судах
запрещено.
10. * Спасательный надувной плот состоит из основной камеры плавучести
овальной формы, разделенной посредине на две равные по объему
автономные секции.
11. * На внутренней стороне тента помещены: инструкция по
первоочередному обслуживанию плота, схема расположения клапанов
(предохранительных, поддува и сдува) и знаки азбуки Морзе.
12. * В случае аварии плот сбрасывается на воду, где с помощью механизма
газонаполнения в течение нескольких минут приводится в рабочее
состояние.
Lesson Five. General Drills
1. general drills общесудовые учения

33
2. to excuse (from) освобождать от (работы, обязанности)
3. muster list расписание по постам (на случай аварийной
или пожарной тревоги и шлюпочных учений)
4. emergency station аварийный пост
5. crew on watch члены экипажа, находящиеся на
or watchkeepers вахте/вахтенные
6. fire drills пожарные учения
7. boat drills шлюпочные учения
8. life raft спасательный плот
9. life buoy спасательный буй
10. lifejacket , immersion suit спасательный жилет, гидрокостюм для
погружения
11. general alarm bell общесудовой сигнал тревоги
12. to extinguish, extinguisher тушить, огнетушитель
13. Emergency squad аварийная команда/партия
14. port иллюминатор, лацпорт
15. air shaft вентиляционная шахта
16. fan, blower вентилятор, воздуходувка или компрессор
17. fire hose пожарный шланг
18. to lead out разносить

20. affected area аварийная зона
21. rank должность, звание
22. fire and emergency station пост по пожарному и аварийному расписанию
23. embarkation ladder посадочный трап (шторм-трап)
24. general announcing system общесудовая система оповещения
25. to stand by стоять наготове, приготовиться к
26. boat stations места по расписанию по шлюпочной тревоге
General Drills
General drills aboard ship are designed to prepare the crew to handle
emergencies. By using a standard system of drills it is possible for a sailor to move
from one ship to another and know what to do in an emergency. Any crewmember
should know where his station is and what his duty is for each drill or emergency.
This information is stated on the Muster List.
No one is excused from any drill unless permission has been granted by the
department head. All crewmembers must familiarize themselves with the location
and duties of their emergency stations upon reporting on board. Each crewmember
is provided with an individual muster list card, which shows in detail the special
duties to perform. Watchkeepers will remain on watch on signal to Emergency Drill.
34
Depending on the ship’s type and company’s safety policy fire drills are held
once a week or once a month. The main function of each drill is to check the state of
fire-fighting equipment and to improve the skills of the crewmembers during such
an emergency. Fire drills are normally held in conjunction with boat drills.
During boat drills the special attention should be paid to the location of all
lifeboats, life rafts, lifebuoys and lifejackets on board. Each boat drill must be
entered in the logbook.
Any crewmembers must consult the Muster List immediately upon joining the
ship.
It should be mentioned that all crewmembers must be instructed in the
performance of their special duties. So, drills are held to train seaman to cope with
real emergencies.

1. What is the function of general drills? 2. Where can any crewmember find any
information about emergencies and his behaviour during them? 3. Who can leave a
crewmember from participating in the drills? 4. Should you find out the
particularities of new ship and its organization, if you join the ship? 5. Does crew on
watch take part in the drills? 6. How many types of drills do you know? 7. What is
the function of fire drills? 8. How often is fire drill carried out? 9. What is the
equipment that is used during boat drills? 10. What is the main thing that should be
mentioned about boat drills? 11. What is the logbook? 12. How often are boat drills
carried out? 13. What is the difference between lifeboats and life rafts, if any? 14.
Where are the lifejackets stored? 15. What do you know about the fire-fighting
equipment?
 in Russian: life rafts, to be on watch, joining the ship, general announcing system,
oiler, rank, officer in charge of, to familiarize oneself, wiper, muster list, to be
instructed, to grant permission, department head, boat station, ordinary seaman,
to ensure, fire extinguisher, to lead out, helmsman, to keep the watch, boat drills,
to give the alarm, emergency station;
 in English: шлюпочные учения, спустить шлюпку, пожаротушения, карточка

со сведениями из аварийного расписания, общесудовая система
оповещения, тревога, спасательный плот, разнести пожарный шланг,
принимать участие в общесудовых учениях, получить разрешение,
вахтенный, каюта, аварийный трап, иллюминатор, одеть спасательный
жилет, поднять шлюпку, сделать запись в судовой журнал, покидать судно,
спасательный буй, аварийный пост, ознакомиться с, освобождать от.
35
A: You joined our ship only two days ago. A crewmember should be ready for
general drills.
B: Thanks for your help. I have already got and learned my muster list card. But…
A: First of all, the locations of lifejackets and lifeboats should be known. Check the
best way to get muster station and be ready to use fire extinguisher.
B: I see. By the way, how often are boat drills carried out?
A: They should be held with fire drills, but in practice we’ll take part in fire drills
once a week, in boat drills and the exercise of man overboard one time in four
months or when more than 5 crewmembers join the ship.
B: It means that next Sunday as far as I know next fire drill will be held together
with boat drill.
A: yes, you are right.
Exercise 5. Match the term with its definition.
term definition
1. muster or a. It’s the place assigned to crew where they have to meet
emergency station before they will be ordered to enter the lifeboats.
2. boat station b. A sound signal of seven blasts and one long blast given
with the vessel’s sound system. This alarm is sounded to
make aware the crew on board that an emergency has
occurred.
3. blast c. It is sounded as continuous ringing of ship’s electrical
bell or continuous sounding of ship’s horn.
4. fire alarm d. Place on deck that is assigned to crew where they have
to meet according to the muster list when the
corresponding alarm is released or announcement made
5. general emergency e. A sound signal made with the whistle of the vessel.
alarm
1. ____ the last man-overboard drill?

a) Where are b) How is c) Why was d) When was
2. Is extra power available _____ an emergency?
a) above b) near c) in d) within
3. _____ the company’s safety manual?
a) Have read b) Read c) Have you read d) Read you
4. Have fire patrols ready ____ all areas.
a) through b) in c)over d)with
5. Operate the lifeboat engine and then ___ back to the bridge.
a) reported b) report c)reporting d)to report
6. ____ fire extinguishers are in the galley?
36
a) How long b) How far c) How much d) How many
7. Some fires _____ because of electrical faults.
a) occurs b) occur c) occurring d) does occur
8. ____ did the accident happen?
a) That b) Which c) Who d) What time
9. Switch ___ the fire alarms.
a) at b) from c)near d) off
10. Smoke is coming ____ the engine room.
a) from b) for c) between d) on
Exercise 8. Choose one of the texts and translate it, then answer the questions. Be
ready to make a brief report about the main sense of the text.
 What is the main function of the drills?

 What equipment is used during the drills?
 Who is responsible for the equipment?
 How often are the drills carried out?
 What is the signal to the beginning of the drills?
Text A. Fire Drills
Alarm for a real fire may be given at any time and it will be rapid ringing of the
General Alarm Bells for a period of at least 10 seconds. An announcement is made
twice over general announcing system.
For drill purposes, a fire may be in a specific place. The person who discovers an
actual fire must give the alarm. Once the alarm has sounded personnel nearby should
act to check or extinguish the fire. All other crewmembers respond to the alarm in
accordance with the Muster List.
Emergency squad or party will assemble with equipment immediately upon the
Emergency Signal. Fire pumps must be started, all watertight doors, ports and air
shafts must be closed, and all fans and blowers stopped. Fire hose must be led out in
the affected area.
All fire-fighting equipment must be kept in good operating condition ready for
immediate use. The deck department is responsible for the maintenance and care,
inspection and refilling of all portable fire-fighting equipment: fire extinguishers,
fire hoses, fire nozzles, etc. The engine department is responsible for the
maintenance and care of all fixed fire-fighting systems, fire pumps, fire mains and
fire hydrants and sand boxes in the boiler rooms. This equipment includes piping,
valves, bottles, controls and alarms.
Fire drills are held weekly or monthly depending on the ship’s safety and
company’s safety policy. At each drill, the crew is instructed in the proper use of the
various types of fire-fighting equipment.
37
Text B. Boat Drills
According the regulations boat drills should be held just before the departure of
the ship, especially if new crewmembers have embarked, and at sea at least once a
week.
During boat drills new crewmembers are familiarized with the working of the life-
saving equipment and each seaman has an opportunity to improve his skills. The
Third Officer is in charge of the life-saving equipment. From time to time some
drills should be held with the life saving equipment, such as lowering a lifeboat in
the water. Crewmembers test the engines in the lifeboats and check the emergency
radio equipment in the lifeboat. Also they are shown video’s about the use of the life
rafts and demonstrated the use of marine pyrotechnics.
Upon emergency signal the crewmembers should go to the muster station, where
the tasks and instructions are made by the officer in charge. He determines the order
in which seamen embark.
Drills are to be carried out under the best possible conditions for supervision in
still water. Boat drills are if possible to be held when the ship is loaded to its deepest
draft. That above all reduces the danger form the propeller. Everyone in the boat
wears an immersion suit or lifejacket. RT communication using VHF
radiotelephones is established between the bridge and the officer in charge of the
drill and is maintained throughout the drill.
Exercise 9. Study the abstracts of muster list with the help of the dictionary. Lean
by heart the name of the emergency stations and duties of the crewmembers.
Muster List (extract)
№
Rank Fire and Emergency Station and Duty
Deck Department
7 Bosun Emergency squad. Provide life line.
8 Helmsman On the bridge. Relieve the wheelman.
9 Helmsman Emergency squad. Provide fire extinguisher.
10 Able Seaman Emergency squad. Provide extra length of hose and
spanner.
11 Able Seaman Main deck forward fire hydrants. Stand by to lead out
hose.
17 Ordinary Seaman On the bridge. Act as a messenger.
18 Ordinary Seaman Boat deck fire hydrants. Stand by to lead out hose.
Engine Department
27 Oiler Engine room. Assist at fire pumps.
38
30 Oiler Engine room. Stand by with foam fire extinguisher.
39 Wiper Main deck amidships. Outside fire hydrants. Starboard
side. Stand by and assist.
life line – спасательный леер

length of hose – кусок/отрезок пожарного рукава
fire hydrant – пожарный кран
spanner – гаечный ключ
messenger - посыльный
foam extinguisher – пенный огнетушитель
Abandon Ship – Boat Stations

№ Rank Boat Duties
number
Deck Department
6 Carpenter 2 Release inboard gripes and attend after fall.
7 Bosun 1 Release inboard gripes and attend forward
fall.
8 Helmsman 1 Secure plug and attend after fall.
11 Able Seaman 1 Release outboard gripes and attend forward
guy.
13 Able Seaman 3 Release outboard gripes and turn out
forward davit.
17 Ordinary Seaman 1 Lead out and attend painter.
Engine Department
27 Oiler 1 Attend forward guy.
30 Oiler 3 Turn out after davit.
34 Fitter 1 Release boat chocks.
inboard - внутренний
outboard – внешний, наружный, направленный от диаметральной плоскости к
борту
after fall – кормовой фал
forward – носовой, передний
to secure plug – ввернуть пробку
davit - шлюпбалка
guy - оттяжка
gripes – найтовное крепление шлюпок
painter – фалинь
to attend – обслуживать какое-либо устройство
to turn out – проворачивать наружу
boat chocks – шлюпочные киль-блоки
39
1. Общесудовую тревогу объявляет вахтенный помощник в аварийных

случаях (пробоина, взрыв, пожар и т. п.).
2. Тревогу «Человек за бортом» объявляет вахтенный помощник при падении
человека за борт или обнаружении его за бортом.
3. Шлюпочную тревогу объявляют по указанию капитана в случае угрозы
гибели судна.
4. Учебные тревоги объявляют только по указанию капитана, при этом вид
тревоги должен предваряться (to be anticipated) словом «Учебная»,
например «Учебная общесудовая тревога».
5. Учения по общесудовой и шлюпочной тревогам должны проводиться не
реже одного раза в неделю на пассажирских судах и не менее одного раза в
месяц — на остальных.
6. На учениях по шлюпочной тревоге, проводимых как в море, так и на рейде
(on the exterior anchorage), шлюпки спускают на воду поочередно, чтобы
каждая из них спускалась не реже раза в 4 месяца.
7. Учения по тревоге «Человек за бортом» на всех судах проводят в море или
на рейде не реже раза в месяц.
8. По этой тревоге на воду спускают полностью укомплектованную
спасательную шлюпку.
9. По всем тревогам, кроме шлюпочной и «Человек за бортом,», экипаж
жилеты не надевает, но обязательно подносит их к месту сбора.
10. Все учения записываются в судовой журнал.
Lesson Six. Actions in Emergency. Types of Alarms.

40
1. to tackle (emergency) справляться с (нештатной ситуацией)
2 training/drills тренировка/учения
3 seafarer/seaman/sailor моряк
4 to be aware/ быть осведомленным, знать
to familiarize oneself
5 life-saving appliances спасательные средства
6 rough weather непогода, буря, ненастье
7 machinery malfunction неисправная работа оборудования
8 collision столкновение
9 flooding затопление
10 grounding; to run aground посадка на мель; сесть на мель
11 emergency team аварийная партия/команда
12 standby team резервная партия/команда
13 roving commission команда, руководящая операцией
14 engine control room (ECR) помещение пультов управления
двигателем
15 EPIRB (emergency position- аварийный радиомаяк для
indicating radio beacon) обнаружения кораблекрушения
16 SART аварийно-спасательный передатчик
17 ship specification технические характеристики судна
18 salvage vessel спасательное судно
19 shipwreck кораблекрушение, обломки судна
20 second in command заменяющий, заместитель
21 sick bay, galley судовой лазарет, камбуз
22 distress call сигнал бедствия
23 oil spill разлив нефти
24 to be on stand by (engine) быть наготове
25 to raise/to give/to sound the подавать сигнал тревоги
alarm
Exercise 2. Read and translate the text.

Actions in Emergencies
An emergency situation on ship must be handled with confidence and calmness,
for haste decisions and “jumping to conclusions” can make the matters even worse.
Efficient tackling of emergency situations can be achieved by continuous training
and by practical drills onboard vessel. However, it has been seen that in spite of
adequate training, people get panic attacks and eventually do not do what they
should in an emergency situation.
As far as the seafarer is concerned, first and foremost, he or she must be aware of
the different types of emergency situations that can arise on board ship. This would
help in understanding the real scenario in a better way, and would also lead to taking
correct actions to save life, property, and environment.
41
Officers and crew should familiarize themselves thoroughly with the Fire
Training Manual and the training manual on Life Saving Appliances of the ship.
A ship crew must be prepared all the time to tackle and fight against any kind of
emergencies which can arise due to reasons such as rough weather, machinery
malfunction, pirate attack, human error etc. Such emergencies can lead to fire,
collision, flooding, grounding, environmental pollution, and loss of life. To stress
the importance of training for different emergency procedures and duties of
personnel, muster list is provided onboard ship.
It should be mentioned that different teams are made to tackle emergencies like
fire, flooding etc. these are command team that is operated from bridge, emergency
team 1 that operates at the point of scenario, while emergency team 2 is a standby
team and helping hand for emergency team 1. And also there are two more special
groups such as roving commission that is a team working along with all other team
and engine room team that stands by in engine control room (ECR).
The muster list is posted to keep the crew aware of the different emergency
situations and duties to be performed if such situations occur in reality. Some of the
important areas where the muster list is posted are bridge, engine, and
accommodation alleyways etc., areas where ship’s crew spends the maximum of
their time.
1. What emergency situations do you know? 2. Where can the crewmembers find
out about their duties in emergency and types of alarms? 3. What is “emergency
team”? 4. Where is the muster list posted? 5. What manuals should any crewmember
look through regularly? 6. What kinds of trainings can be carried out? 7. What are
the possible reasons of emergencies?
 in Russian: emergency team, to tackle emergency, alleyway, life saving

appliances, search and rescue manual, to inform the bridge, officer on watch, to
give the alarm, muster list, prescribed actions, accommodations, engine control
room, equipment malfunction, collision, proper actions to be taken, dedicated
alarm, to throw life buoy, to hoist and launch lifeboat;
 in English: штатное расписание, механизмы в исправном состоянии,

выполнять распоряжения, спускать спасательную шлюпку, сообщить на
мостик, одеть спасательные жилеты, содержать судовое оборудование в
рабочем состоянии, нападение пиратов, бросить спасательный круг,
расположение огнетушителей, предотвращать загрязнение окружающей
среды, не создавать паники, человек за бортом, различать сигналы тревог,
короткий сигнал, длинный гудок.
42
A: What should be done on receiving a distress report from a ship?

B: The ships management is to establish at once whether assistance can be provided.
Then the course of the ship will be laid for the distress position and the ship heads
with all possible speed to the place of the disaster.
A: What precautions can be considered and made aboard the salvage vessel in
regard to the shipwrecked?
B: Compartments are prepared for accommodating the shipwrecked, blankets and
dry clothing are placed ready. The galley prepares warming food. The sickbay is
prepared for looking after injured or sick persons.
A: Where are the details of the procedures to be used described?
B: In the “Search and Rescue” manual which is on the bridge.
Use the words and expressions:

1) a man has fallen overboard (to throw a life buoy, to take care not to hit him, to
sound the alarm signal, to lower lifeboat, to inform the Master, to send for a doctor,
to render first aid)
2) unknown vessel is asking for help after the collision (to respond to SOS distress
call, to break off the voyage, to proceed to the place of the disaster, to take command
of search and rescue)
1. The muster list must be promptly updated when a) have c) there are
___ crew changes. b) are there d) are
2. It must be placed in charge of each boat and life a) designates c) designating
raft a deck officer and also be _____ a second in b) designated d) designate
command.
3. The Master should ensure the boat carrying the a) will operate c) operates
lifeboat radio has one crewman _____ this b) to operate d) operate
equipment.
4. A life buoy or a life jacket will help the man a) is rescued c)will rescued
overboard to survive until he ____. b) will rescue d) be rescued
5. The Master decides when the ship is abandoned a) sends c) will send
and if necessary he ____ a distress message to b) is sent d) will be sent
other ships.
6. Any drill _____ to prepare the crew to handle a)be designed c) designed
emergency. b) is designed d) is designing
7. Any crewmember is ______ with an individual a) providing c) provided
muster list card with the special duties to perform. b) provides d) be provided
43
Exercise 7. Look through the text and then decide which statement is
TRUE/FALSE.
1. The special signal should be given in such an emergency.

2. Once a crewmember informs the bridge about the fallen person, he can be
free.
3. The main concern is the location of a person overboard.
4. The ship should stop and not to move, because the fallen man will swim to it.
5. No flag should be hoisted in order not to distract another ship.
Man Overboard
Man overboard is a situation where in a ship’s crew member falls out at sea from
the ship, no matter where the ship is sailing, in open seas or in still waters in port. A
seafarer has to be very careful while performing his duties onboard vessel as a
person can fall off the ship due to bad weather, swell in the sea, accidents, and due
to negligence during. A man overboard is an emergency situation and it is very
important to locate and recover the person as soon as possible as due to bad weather
or rough sea, the crew member can drown or else due to temperature of the cold
water the person can get hypothermia. A person will get unconscious after 15
minutes in water with temperature of 5 °C.
There is a dedicated alarm signal used onboard vessels and is same for all entire
vessels sailing in international waters. Three prolong blast on the ship’s electrical
bell and ship’s whistle is an alarm signal used for man overboard emergency
situation. The first and foremost thing is Never to lose the sight of fallen person and
inform others onboard by shouting “Man overboard” along with side of the ship i.e.
port or starboard side until someone informs the bridge and raises an alarm.
As soon as bridge officer knows the situation, raise the ‘man overboard alarm’
and hoist signal flag “O” to inform all the ship staff and other ships about the
vicinity. Throw a lifebuoy with smoke float, light (and SART if available) near to
the fallen person. Ship’s engine must be slowed down and ship should be turned
toward the fallen crew for recovery manoeuvre. Engine is to be on stand by all the
time.
1. Regular training and drill must be conducted by the master of the ship to ensure
that all crew members are familiar with life saving and fire fighting appliances.
2. A muster list is basically a list which is displayed in prominent areas of the vessel
so that every crew member on onboard can read it on a go.
3. If someone falls overboard, you should shout “Man Overboard” and throw him a
life buoy.
44
4. To tackle any emergency efficiently and fast, it’s necessary to inform the bridge
and the watchkeeping officer as soon as possible.
5. If you get overboard get clear of the ship and continue shouting and splashing
water as long as there is a chance that you will be heard and seen, then swim on your
back to keep your body warm.
6. Life jackets and where appropriate, immersion suits, should be worn by the rescue
boat crew.
7. If for some reason a ship is going to sink the crew must abandon it, but only the
master can decide when and if the ship will be abandoned.
8. The muster list is posted to keep the crew aware of the different emergency
situations and duties to be performed if such situations occur in reality.
9. Efficient tackling of emergency situations can be achieved by continuous training
and by practical drills onboard vessel.
10. Officers and crew should familiarize themselves thoroughly with the Fire
Training Manual and the training manual on Life Saving Appliances of the ship.
1. Предотвратить аварийную ситуацию является самой важной задачей

экипажа судна, поэтому экипажу следует соблюдать меры предупреждения,
содержать судно, его устройства и оборудование в рабочем состоянии и
проводить тренировки.
2. У каждой тревоги есть свой сигнал, сигналы тревог повторяются 3-4 раза, а
капитан или вахтенный помощник отдают приказ.
3. Существует несколько видов тревог – Человек за бортом, шлюпочная
тревога, нападение пиратов, но самой основной является общесудовая тревога.
4. В аварийных ситуациях действия членов экипажа, находящихся на вахте,
определяются судовыми расписаниями и распоряжениями капитана.
5. В судовом расписании указываются обязанности экипажа по каждому виду
судовых тревог и тип одежды и снаряжения.
6. Каждый член экипажа обязан знать устройство и особенности судна,
расположение всех спасательных средств и противопожарного оборудования,
свои обязанности и действия по тревогам.
7. Три длинных сигнала означает тревогу «Человек за бортом», все не занятые
на вахте обязаны встать по местам штатного расписания по шлюпочной
тревоге, остальные поднимаются на ют и выполняют распоряжения старшего
вахтенного офицера.
8. Если прозвучит общесудовая тревога (непрерывный сигнал в течение 25-20
секунд) а все аварийные действия будут начаты аварийной партией.
9. Сигнал из семи коротких и одного длинного означает шлюпочную тревогу,
следует встать на места согласно штатному расписанию и необходимо быть в
спасательном жилете и со своими документами.
45
10. Учебные тревоги подаются с разрешения капитана и предваряются (to be
anticipated) словом «Учебная», по всем тревогам, кроме шлюпочной и
«Человек за бортом», экипаж жилеты не надевает, но обязательно подносит их
к месту сбора.
БИБЛИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ СПИСОК
1. Пивненко Б.А. Базовый учебник английского языка для инженеров-

судомехаников./Б.А. Пивненко. - Одесса: Негоциант, 2007. – 352 с.
2. Ивасюк H.А. English for maritime cadets./ Н.А. Ивасюк. – Одесса: Феникс,
2005. – 206с.
3. Англо-русский морской словарь, 1500 терминов./под редакцией проф.
Грибовского В.Ю. – СПб, издательский Дом «Литера», 2004. – 180 с.
4. Русско-английский разговорник для курсантов-судомехаников. Russian-
Tnglish Phrase Book For Marine Engineer Cadets. / под ред. Шерешевская А.Д. –
СПб., ГМА им. акд. Макарова О.С., 2005. – 255 c.
Приложение А. Basic Vocabulary

46
starboard/port side правый/левый борт
roll бортовая качка
pitch килевая качка
anchor якорь
derrick кран-стрела, деррик
winch лебедка
to let out (mooring lines) отдавать, выпускать (швартов)
hatch cover люковое закрытие, крышка люка
poop ют
forecastle полубак
trim дифферент, правильное размещение груза
heel крен
apprenticeship курс обучения или профессионально-
технической подготовки (плавпрактика)
Ship Power Plant Maintenance Эксплуатация судовых энергоустановок
Maritime Shipping Technologies Морские технологии судоходства (МТС)
Sailing Directions лоция
Navigational Aids Maintenance эксплуатация навигационных приборов
Global Marine Satellite System глобальная морская система спутниковой
(GMSS) связи (ГМСС)
log book вахтенный (судовой) журнал
ratings рядовые специальности
injury травма
hazardous опасные условия/обстоятельства
conditions/circumstances
to prohibit запрещать
to permit / permission разрешать/ разрешение
volatile летучий
spontaneous combustion самовозгорание
switches, fuses переключатели, плавкие предохранители
paint brushes малярные кисти
hot work огневые работы
to post warning signs выставить предупредительные знаки
carrying capacity грузоподъёмность, несущая способность
to abandon ship покидать судно
whistle свисток
alleyway коридор
self-regulating, self-righting самовыравнивающийся
to capsize переворачиваться
47
lifelines леерные ограждения
davit launched life raft плот, спускаемый шлюпбалкой
canopy тент, навес
inflatable надувной
radar responder or the aerial радиолокационный передатчик или антенна
rail or lifeline леер
arrangement расположение
lifejacket спасательный жилет
immersion suit гидрокостюм для погружения
general alarm bell общесудовой сигнал тревоги
to extinguish, extinguisher тушить, огнетушитель
fire hose пожарный шланг
to lead out разносить
embarkation ladder посадочный трап (шторм-трап)
to tackle (emergency) справляться с (нештатной ситуацией)
seafarer/seaman/sailor моряк
life-saving appliances спасательные средства
rough weather непогода, буря, ненастье
machinery malfunction неисправная работа оборудования
collision столкновение
flooding затопление
grounding; to run aground посадка на мель; сесть на мель
roving commission команда, руководящая операцией
engine control room (ECR) помещение пультов управления двигателем
EPIRB (emergency position- аварийный радиомаяк для обнаружения
indicating radio beacon) кораблекрушения
SART аварийно-спасательный приёмопередатчик
salvage vessel спасательное судно
shipwreck кораблекрушение, обломки судна
sick bay, galley судовой лазарет, камбуз
distress call сигнал бедствия
oil spill разлив нефти
to be on stand by (engine) быть наготове
to raise/to give/to sound the alarm подавать сигнал тревоги
oxygen-breathing apparatus кислородный аппарат
be lashed закреплять
to render оказывать (например, помощь)
cut off отключать
Safety Management System система управления безопасностью
cigarette lighters зажигалки
refusal отказ
48
Приложение В. Safe Working Practice
safe working practice техника безопасности

goggles защитные очки
safety helmet защитный шлем/каска
clogs обувь с толстой деревянной подошвой
shoes with steel toe inserts ботинки с металлическими накладками
welder shields щитки сварщика
safety belts ремни безопасности
sunstroke солнечный удар
sunburn солнечный ожог
safe shoes with heels and laces безопасная обувь с каблуками и шнурками
special outfit спецодежда
gloves перчатки
nonskid boots нескользящие ботинки
warm vest теплая куртка
waterproof overall водонепроницаемый комбинезон
respirator (in dusty conditions) респиратор (в условиях запыленности)
breathing apparatus дыхательные аппараты
first aid boxes аптечки первой помощи
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Министерство образования и науки, молодежи и спорта Украины

Севастопольский национальный технический университет

Основы профессиональной грамотности

к практическим занятиям по дисциплине

Основы профессиональной грамотности. Методические указания к

Методические указания предназначены для практических занятий

Методические указания утверждены на заседании кафедры Практики

Допущено учебно-методическим центром и научно-методическим Советом

Рецензент: Михайлова Е.В., канд.филолог.наук, доцент кафедры Практики

Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов 2-го курса 3

Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:

1. starboard/port side правый/левый борт

General Description of a Ship

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

 in English: нос, водонепроницаемый отсек, загружать, правый борт,

Exercise 5. Match the term with its definition.

A: So, this is a cargo ship, isn’t it?

4. double bottom tank

10. живые помещения

Exercise 8. Translate the sentences into Russian.

Exercise 9. Translate the sentences into English.

1. Чтобы обеспечить прочность и увеличить безопасности плавания корпус

 In case of flooding the watertight compartments allow a ship to be afloat with a

to house – быть оборудованным,

Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:

The name of our faculty is Marine Technologies and Navigations. Department

Exercise 3. Answer the following questions:

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

Exercise 5. Continue the following sentences:

TEXT A. Duties of the Engine Department

Key words and expressions to the text:

1. ship’s organization распорядок службы и жизни на судне

Exercise 6. Answer the following questions:

Exercise 7. Translate the following sentences into Russian.

Exercise 8. Translate into English.

1. Старший механик подчиняется только капитану.

TEXT B. Duties of the Deck Department

Key word and expressions to the text:

5. seaworthiness мореходность, пригодность к плаванию

Exercise 9. Answer the following question:

1. What must Deck Department personnel know and comply with?

Exercise 10. Translate into Russian.

Exercise 11. Translate into English.

1. Старший помощник капитана является ответственным за погрузку,

1. precaution меры предосторожности

Shipboard Accident Prevention

Safe operation of a vessel depends on observation of safety precautions by all

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

 in Russian: безопасную обувь с прочными подошвами и шнурками, перчатки

 in English: fire hoses, personal protective equipment, goggles, safety helmets,

Exercise 5. Read the text and then write an annotation in English.

На борту судна цвета всегда использовались с определённым значением.

Exercise 6. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. To prevent injury to personnel it is necessary that they wear proper personal

Exercise 7. Here are some phrases that may be used to write an

При составлении аннотации в английском языке используется ряд

Lesson Four. Life-Saving Appliances

1. reinforced усиленный, укрепленный

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

 in English: гидрокостюм для погружения, открытая шлюпка, надеть

Exercise 7. Choose the right variant.