SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Visganne Ha pyccKom AsbiKeBuumannn tumameren! TUNSP «Tpyabi MHcTuTyTa MH>KeHepoB lo anekTpoTeXHUKe M pagMosnekTpoHMke» —exenecnuntif nepenoa ta pyconnf aux xypuana “Proceedings of the IEEE” (cwa) Teoromorpacua (THHP, 17.74, 82 (eppans 1986) (ssamnifi TemaTu¥ecxa muinyck) B Bbinyck BknioveHbI YeTbIpe CTaTbH, NocAAUeHHbIe TeopeTHYe- ‘CKAM M SKCTePUMeHTANbHBIM ac nektam reoromorpacbuu — MeTo- fa BOCCTAHOBNeHUR CTPYKTYDS! ‘SeMHOR KOpBI NO AaHHBIM oneKTpo- MarHUTHOTO Uni ynbTpAsByKOBOrO SOHAMPOBAHHA, NPOBOAMMOTO Op- HOBPEMeHHO 3 PASHBIX TOEK. O6nem 6 apr.a. ObpatHas sagaya cencmopasseaKn THM9P, 1.74, Ne3 (map 1986) Ny6nuxylorca o6sopHble W opurH HanbHbie PaGoTeI, nocBAWeHHbIE unTepnperaunn peaynbTaToe cenc- MMMeCKOrO SOHAMPOBAKMA M BOC: CTaHOBneHIMio Ha Wx OCHOBE CTPYK: TyPbt 3eMHOM KopsI. MposoAHTCA CpasHHTenkHbiA avanHa paaniy- Hex MeTOROB (cTATHCTHMYECKHX, ABTEPMMHMCTCKMX, Ha OCHOBE NPO- erpaeTaa CocTORHAl) NPUMeHK- TenbHo K OAHO-, ABY- TpexMep- Hbim sagauam. Pag pa6ot sarparw- Baer asneHue MUrpaynn BONHOBO- Fo fiona w peulenve o6paTHon sa- Raum 8 9TWx yonoBmAx. Paccmar- PMBAIOTCR CpaBHHTeNbHbIe xapaK- TepvcTHK MeTOAa HaMMeHbUMX KBaqpaTos w GopHoscKoro npu6- WKEHIR, a TaKOKe ONTHMUSAYMOH- Hix MeToROB. OgWa 43 paboT No- cBAweHa reoromorpacbun. (OGxem 20 avr.n. 3axasei mpunuwaiorex a0 15 asrycra 986 r. Hewa oasoro womepa 3 p. 30x. Tipeanaputensnste saxasbi Ha TemaTuweckue HOMepa ‘npunumaet Mockoscxutt Lon xr (Mocxoa, np. Kanumuna, 26). YY wnoropoamux wrareneR npenbapiTerionbie 3aKa3bl Ha OTMpaBKy OTIIEMBMBIX IK3EMIIASPOB HANOKEHMBIM MIZTEROM ‘npunusaer penaxun axypnana THHOP. Saxaauicnenyer HanpasnaTs Ha OTEPLITKAX (OTENLHO Ha KARIN BLINYCK) ‘no aapecy: 129820, PCT, Mocxsa, 1-110, I-A Pwxcxut nep., 2 sonarenctao «Mupy, penaxis THASP.CTATBH 4 12 24 36 46 64 74 PYBPMKM 3 95,45, 55, 91, 98 23 82 88 92 103 Scientific American . Usganne Ha pycckom asbike WAAOCTPHPOBAHHBIM %YPHAA MEPEBOA C AHP AMACKOLO - BEIXOAMT 12 PA3 B FO - H3QAETCH C 1 HAATEABCTRO «MHIP» MOCKBA N° 7 . UlOsb 1986 3 TOMA B nomepe: BHesannan ceppeynan CMepTb — Muxu C. Aizen6epe, JTopenc Bepenep, Aavdipeo B. Xonacmpen, Puwapd O. Kaumure Ocranonxa cepauia MoxeT mpoHSOMITH cOBEPLIEHHO HEorKHAAHHO, 6e30 BCAKHX NPEAYNpEAAAIOUIHY cIIMN- TOMOB. OT TOTO, HAcKOMIBKO GxicTpO ByAeT OKaxaHa NOMOLILb PeaNHMaTOROTHVECKOH MeRHIMKCKOM GpH- Fanofl ini Ke cayNafiMbIMH CBIETENAMMH, BTANEIOUUING HABKIKAMH DEAMHMALLM, ACTO 3ABKICHT HIN noctpaaasuiero (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) Enuxocebuxronunupb! — Cen-Hmupo Xaxomopu Cocras 3Tux MemGpanHbix MOneKys1 NpeTepnenaeT 3HaNHTENBHBIE HIMEHEHHA B Xone NddepenunpowKH KACTOK H HX 3H0KavecTBeHHOA TpaHchopMauun. VicnomEsyA TAKHE HIMeHEHHA, MOAHO YAYNIUNTE NArHO- eTHky # newenve paxa (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) Knumat Mapca —PoGepm M. XaGepae Mapeuanckuit KauMaT Goi CxOMeH C 3EMHBIM Ha paHHeM 2TaNe HETOPHH MAAHET, HO JaTeM ero 9BOMOUN Nowina no HHOMy nyTH. Eca BHaYane Ha Mapce GbisI0 HOcTATONHO TenLAO Ht NO ero NOBEPXHOCTH TEKIN PeKH, TO celiac HaCTOMBKO XONOMHO; 4TO KAXKAYIO SUMY YrsIeKHesTIll Fa9 BLIMEpIAeT M3 ATMOCHEPL! NO: ANpHBIX paflonax (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) Bogueie nee! Lxeime F: O6ep, Indpio M. Kpetnux, Humep B. P210 Cefivac Bonnie nenbi HaxonsT pasHooOpaanele, MHOTa COBePUICHHO HeOxUAANHLIC, NpHMeHcHUA. CHO- cOGHOCTS HeKOTOPLIX BOAHEIX PaCTBOPOB MepexoAHTS B MeNNcTyIO Macy ONpenenAeTeR PasHoueciient CHL, pyipoma KOTOPEIX NloKa ele He BBIRCHEHa OKOHMATEMHO (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) Tenapa 8 reveTu4eckon onacHocTM — Cmusen JI. O'Bpaiien, [136ud 3. Yuadm, Mumuena Bau Camoe 6bicTPoe HaxeMHOe 2kHBOTHOE B MiIPe HaXOANTCA B NOCTORHHOM «FOHKe» Wa BuIKHBANHE. TIPOXOA- AeHHe APeBHeM NONYAAUMH renapHOB Yepes «Y3KOE FOPABILIKOy HHSKOMI HHCTEHHOCTH MPHBEAIO K reHeTHME CKOMY eaMHOOGPasiO H ciIeTaNO BHA KPaflHe YRIBIMBIM B OTHOLEHIN IKOOFHYECKHX HIMEHEHI (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) Ceepxnposopauve TYHHENbHbIe AETEKTOPbI B PAAKOACTPOHOMMM —Tomac Loe. usr20ne. 1s6uo B. Pymaedw C MOMOULL1O HOBOFO UyBCTBHTENLHOTO AeTEKTOPA 2AeKTPOMAFHHTHOTO H3NYYEHHA ACTPOHOMBI MOry Naywar TaKHE CKPHITHIe OT OMTHUECKHX TenecKONOR OBNACTH BceMeHHOA, KAK, HANpHMED, MECTa 14pO*- ‘tenuis a0032 (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) NocnenepHnkonce npiceansarowee xoanvicTeo 8 necax Eaponbi Mapex JaeeGut Tlepnon cyulecTsoBanis NocnenenHuKOBOrO NpHCcBaMBAIOULeTO XOIAficTBA OGbI4HO PaccMaTPHBACTCA Kak MpoMexkYTOWHEIM ITAN, NPEAWCCTBOBABLUHA BOIHHKHOBEHHIO 3eMNeAeNuA H CKOTOBOACTBA. Hosbiil Bxr79 Ha TOT NepHOd NpeanonaraeT, ¥TO B HeKOTOPLIX YacTAx Esponb! MPHCBAMBAIOLIce XO3AMICTBO Pa sBiiBa- "Rock nMecTe ¢ paNHMMt3eMMeenHeM Mt KOTOBOACTHOM, He YeTYNAR HM B NPonyKTHBHOCTHE (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) Aapenn kak reonor — Candpa FepGepm B xome natunernen xcnemmuin Ha KopaGne «Burn» Monoaolt Lappin nponoaita, Hapany ¢ Guonornve- KUN, OBLINPHBe FeOAOFHVECKHE HAKICKAHIR, RRUBLLNECR 3HANHTEABHBIM BKMAION B PAIBHITHE FeOO! Bekope on nocayaxHAK ocHoBO!l ero MepBEIX IOMOUMONHEIX NOCTPOEHAM (Scientific American, May 1986, Vol. 254, No. 5) 06 astopax Hayka 4 o6wecTBo: 50 v 100 ner Hasay 3aHuMaTenbHbih KOMNBIOTep Hayka soxpyr Hac KHurn Bu6nvorpacbuaSCIENTIFIC AMERICAN ‘Jonathan Piel BOARD OF EDITORS Philip Morrison BOOK EDITOR Armand Schwab, Jr. ‘Timothy Appenzeller John M.Benditt Peter G.Brown David L.Cooke, Jr. ‘Ari W.Epst Michael Feirtag Gregory R.Greenwell Robert Kunzig James T.Rogers Ricki L.Rusting ‘Samuel L. Howard "ART DIRECTOR Richard Sasso PRODUCTION MANAGER George S.Conn GENERAL MANAGER Gerard Piel CHAIRMAN © 1986 by Scientific American, Inc. Tovapawif suax Scientific American, cro TexcT H uipadbroso’ odopMneHHe smnnsioToa HcKmioUNTTeNHOR cOBCTBEHHOCTIIO Scientific American, Inc. { ANUeHaHONEIM OFOBOPOM B MHPE HAYRM Ha o6noxKe TENAPA BFEHETWUYECKONM ONACHOCTH Ha oGnoxxe n306paxen renapa,, KOTOpBIf, XOTA H CTA caMbIM OBICTPBIM HaseM- HBIM OXHBOTHBIM B MHC, HAXORHTCA oA Yrpo3zoll BBIMHpAHHA (CM. CTATHIO C. Tox. O' Bpatiena, J. Yunata u M. Bawa «Penapa p rexeaveckoit onacnocti ac. 46). Hexoraa cyulecTBoBaio HecKOMBKo BOB renapnos; CoBPeMeHHBIM BI, Acinonyx jubatus, 6sin pacnpoctpaven lo weemy Mupy. Hine, aK cunTaercs, Bbt- axw10 He Gonee 20 TIC. renapaos 4 HX apean orpannucn LleHtpanbuolt 4 FO>KHO Adpuxonl. Onvofi 13 npymt coxpallieHia YCNeHHOCTH TenapnoB, NO-BHAHMOMY, spnaoTca reHeTHUECKHe OCOBCHHOCTH BUNA: HOBBIC MAHHBIC MOKAsEIBAIOT, 4TO re- napast IOxknofl AdbpuKn — a BosMoxno, 1 Beef Adpuxn — npeactasamor co6on MHOPeIHBIA BILD C YIMBHTEMBHO HUSKUM TeHETHYECKHM pasHoOGpasHem. A nonysa- UMM, TMIUEHHBIE TeHETHYECKON MNacTHYHOCTH, MPoUrpEIBaIOT, Kora HeobxonHMO BBOKIT B CHTYALUMM 9KOJIOTHNECKHX HIMCHEHHA. Unnioctpayun O6NO*KKA: Marvin Mattelson CTP. ABTOPIMCTOUHNK CTP. ABTOP/MCTOYHMK CTP, ABTOPIMCTOUHMK 61 National Optical Astronomy. 8 Carol Donner 26:32 lan Worpole 69 Edward Bell 8 Michae H. Care, Sy 10 Carol Donner, i me (cnpasa) TaABN PERART Survey on Kaniua Edward Bell eo thaks JAMECTHTEMIb PABHOTO PEAAKTOPA 19 Steven B.Levery, 98/97 Quesada/Burke G. Phillips, 1.8. Uenen Fred Hutchinson 38-42 Gabor Kiss California navanise PeaaKror esearc ea institute 3.E.Komanowa O.K Kyapnnos Cancer Research 49 Sandia National ee TA Pyunnueea A.M.CMorpon cen a Laboratories A.10.Kpachonesyes oe el 47 Kathrine 65 Timo Syrjanen, ¢ awrenarypuuie renanrort D. Watenpaugh, Ammann, Kar oe Me Cyeoe University of Ammann Nallone! " Washington : XyMOMECTRENHBIA PEAAKTOP 48-49 Patricia J. Wynne ‘G.A.Crynoa 1418 Hank Iken, aaeue | Ot Tae JABEAYDWARPEAAKUHER, i pasa enemy DAs PERAKLME Walken Graphics 1Oiten, 68 John Moss WinohGagrece coma coTonAenEA 19 Steven B. Levery, National Cancer 69 John Moss, TC. Ranmos Fred Hutchinson Institute (aeepxy); Scarborough TEXINUECKIA PEARTOP Cancer Research Patricia J. Wynne Borough Council TFL Uyprinie Genter; Ronald (onus) KopPEKToP E.Stenkamp, 52 Stephen 7071 Andrew Tomko PonevoKe Keith pe 75 Clifford oeoPMaEHNE OEAOxKKH PyCcKOFOMaRALIHA D.Watenpaugh, a FW atacp ME SKnoe University of ational Cancer 2 urweronus pasoru Washington ute 7677 Andrew Tomko nwo 20 Yasuo Fukushi, 9254 Patricia J.Wynne 78 Sally Black AapeC peAAKuIMH Tohoku 56 California 9/Anatew Tomko 129820, Mocxsa, TON University, Japan Institute of ae ‘ra Puncnnn nop, 2 Pa Pooley 20 Canbricipe denowonvaaxnnnn 21 Hank Iken, : EOS. 2568 Walken Graphics $8 AT&T Bell ieiversity trary, ee Buccal Laboratories 8268 tl Arbel odopsencnne, «Mp, 1986 Survey 59 Andrew Christie 89.90 Michael Goodman06 abmopax Mickey. Eisenberg, Lawrence Bergner, Alfred B. Hallstrom, Richard O. Cum- mins (MAKM C. AM3EHBEPT, J10- PEHC BEPTHEP, AJIOPEZ B. XO11- JICTPEM, PHYAPA O. KAMMHHC «Buesamnaa cepstewan cMepTb»). Aisen- Gepr nonysut crenenb Gaxastaypa Mu- WHraHcKoM YHMBCPCHTeTE, CTeNeH 1OK- Topa Menus! — 8 MesunucKol uixone Yuupepcurera Kelte-Becrepu- Peseps, 2 MarcTepcxyi0 Ht 2OKTOPKyIO crenent — p Illkone anpanooxpanienus Bauwunrtoncxoro yrunepeuteta. B ri CTOauliee BpeMA OH OUEHT MesMLUHE! 1 otmmemmonormn 8 MezmumicKoll wxone BauwwurToncKoro ynuwepcuteTa, a PeKTop cayxxGbt cKopofl OMOLUA yH- BepcuTeTcKo Gonbiituel, KoHCymBTANT 8 cayxGax cKopoH nomoutH sienlapra- MeuTa snpanooxpanenia oxpyra Cust Kuur. Bepriep nonysna crenenb GaKa- aaspa 8 Bpykmn-Koanemxe H»to- Hopxckoro ropoackoro yuusepcurera, Tenens jlokTopa Meamumntt — » Mean LuMCKOR wxosIe H10-FlopKcKoro yHH- bepeuTeTa, cTeneHb Maructpa — B Ilxone 3apanooxpanenna Kanwdop- nufickoro yaMeepentera B Bepxan. C 1972 no 1980 r, poarnannaa nenapta- MeHT spaBooxpanenua oxpyra CusTa- Kur, Ceftyac of coTpyanux otaena MpaktHwecKoro NPHMeHEHMA perynALIHL xanueporenesa_8 HaunowanbHom m= cTHTYTe paka. Xonnctpem — npodec- Cop Kadbeaps! MemMUMHCKOM cTaTHeTHKH Bauimnrronckoro yxusepcurera. Msy- ya MavemaTuxy 8 YausepcuTere Bpay- Ma; npentonasan MaTemaTuKy W craTit- cTimky 8 pane nncTHTyToB. C1974 F. 3a- MUMaeTCR NPHAOKEHUAMH CTATHCTHME- cKIX MeToaOB B OGnacTH Msy¥eHHA Cceprieyo-cocysMcTbix 3aGomesaHufl 1 8 onnaemmonorm. Kannune nonyyua cTenette Gaxastaupa 6 Yannepentere Ce- ‘eplio Kapommnsi, Tener 20KTopa Meamumist — 8 MemmuuicKolt wkone Yunnepoutera Ketic-Becrepn-Pesepo. Holme of nouenT Mezmunnot 8 Men ‘uuCKOM wikONe BalLMHFTOHCKOrO YH BepeHTeTa M NevauNl apa cKopOli NO (MOUIM YHUBepCHTETCKOM GombHHUE. Sen-Itiroh Hakomori (CEH-HTHPO XAKOMOPH — «Paxocduuronwin- abi) — pykononuteas nporpanses 0 Gnioxnmmueckoft ouKonorMH B LleHTpe no mayweumo paxa ©. XaTunucona w Cuarne, npodeccop smxpoGnonornn B MeawusicKon uiKone # mpodeccop ma- ‘To6woniorin 8 LllKone sapanooxpaneniis Baummrroucxoro yunsepcwrera. Cre- eHb AOKTopa MeaMUMIL NOAYHHT B 1952 r. 8 Memmutickom konnemxe Yani nepcutera Toxoxy (Cenaai, Sinowa); 1956 r. MucrirryT GOxHNHL Np 9TOM. yumepcitrere npwcwoun ey creneHs AoxTopa MenwuvieKnx nayk, Ben Hay4Ho-necnenoBaTesbcKyO paGoTy B Maccayycerckoit Consume oGutero TH- naw 8 Meamunnckot uxoxe Pappapa- cKOFO yHMBepeHTeTa, 3aTeM Nepeulen 8 Yunsepeurer Toxoxy. B 1963 r. nep- nynea_ Maccayycercxyto Gonbinuy, a ‘vepes 3 roma B KavecTpe mpursnaitienHoro nposeccopa nocrynua 8 YunpepeuteT Bpanaetica. B 1968 r. ctan corpyatn- kom BalMurToncKoro yunBepcHTeTa, 8 1975 r. — corpymHixom Llewtpa no saysenmo paxa s Cutie. Robert M. Haberle (POBEPT M. XA- BEPJIE «Kamat Mapca») — nayuassit COTPYAHNK TeopeTHHecKOrO OTAeNA Diiocekoro uecnesowaTeNsckOrO LeHT- pa HACA. B nayxy npsuien cpasnnt- ‘TembHo nosaHo. B xonue 60-x Fon0B No- yun cTenenn 6akananpa u Maructpa a ‘Yuusepeurere r. Can-Xoce. MpopaGo- ‘Ta HecKOMIBKO sIeT BIHMCCKOM LeHTPE, nepewien p Bawunrroucenit yunpepcu- Ter, re 1981 Fr. nony4na crenens NOK- Topa dwstocopun. 3atem nepnynce 8 ‘Shimiccxsth uewTp w nOcTAOKTOpAHTTYPY: ¢ 1983 r. sanuMaer cooMt HetnewHHA ocr. James H. Aubert, Andrew M. Kraynik, Peter B. Rand (DKEVMC T°. OBEP, QHAPIO M. KPEMHMK, TMTEP B. POHL «Bonnie newsi») pa6oraioT pMecte 8 CaHitancKoft HaunonanbHolt aaGopatopin. OGep nonywnn aetcwee OGpasonarne B MstwnranicKom yanpep- cHTeTe M OKOKWNN acnupaHTypy Nps Mnntiecorexom yumtsepcrrtete. Tlocne HOAYHEHNA cTeneHH DOKTOPA MiLAOCO- bn 8 oBnactn xunann w 1982 r. eran co Tpyannxom CananancxoR aGopato- pin. Kpetitink nonysnn crenens Gaxa- happa p 1972r. 6 Yaurepenrere Kapueri-Menaona, crenent marnctpa (1973 1.) M_ moKTopa —dunocodin (1976 5.) 8 Fipnucrontexom ynitvepe Tere. Hocae savepuienna yunbepenter- ‘koro oGpaxonanins paGoraer » Canni- avickofi saGopaTopnn. Paxil — Koucy nt TaHT No MpHMeHeHIIO Ne. Stephen J. O'Brien, David E. Wildt, ‘Mitchell Bush (CTHBEH JDK. O"BPAH- EH, JI9BM1 9. YMJIAT, MUTYEII BAIL «Penapa 8 renetnueckolt onacno- TH»). O' Bpafien nonyyun crenenb 20K- Topa dbunocodsnt B OGnaCTH TeHETHKH B 1971 r. 8 Kopttenncxom yanpepeutere. B 1972 r. cra corpyannixom Haunt hambHoro mucTHETyTa paKa, Fae 3aHasICR HecneaOBaHNAMMH reHeTHKH coMaTH¥e- CKHX KeTOK NuIeKONNTAIOUUIX, B Ha CTosuiee BEM OH BOITAABARET s1a60- PaTOpiio BHPycHOrO KaNUeporeHesa B 3TOM MHCTHTYTe. YitaaT Honywnn cTe- Nene noKTopa dutocopun w 1975 r. 6 3 Yautnepewrere urr. Miwnran. Tpenona- bar » MeamuicKom Konmemxe B3ii0- paGoran 8 cicteme HauonaibHsix nnictutyros snoponsa. Cefiwac pykono- AMT s1aGoparopHell Mo HsyYeHIIO Pas- MHODKEHIA Y KHBOTHEIX B Haunowa.th- HOM 300napKe CMiTCOHOBCKOTO HHCTH- ‘tyra, Baut oxonwiur Kanmopunficxntt nnctutyt B Leitence » 1965 r. co cre- newbio oKTOpa veTepHapun. PaGoTaa 8 MesmuicKon mxone Yansepenrera Ibkonca Tonkmica, satem sosraasnn omen vetepmiapin 8 HaunonanHon oonapKe. Thomas G. Phillips, David B. Rutledge (TOMAC ADK. @WINNC, —19- BALL B. PYTIIEIDK «Csepxnposoas- ule TyHHeABHEe eTeKTOpbi B PanHO- ActpoHOMinn). DnaMIe — Nposeccop ¢uranxn B Kannbopunticxom Texnono- fmyecxom mnctatyte (KTH). B 1961 r. KOH OxctbopacKnit yunsepenTeT i noayyna ctenens Gakanaspa dysikn Yuenaa crenens noKropa dinocodyn Geina npucsoena emy B 1964 r. Take 8 ‘Oxeopackom yrnsepenrete. C 1968 no 1980 r. @uanune paGoraa s npwe Bell Laboratories, 3a wckmouenitem oaHoro roa, Kora on npertonagan 8 Jlow0H- KOM yrueponere. B 1980 r. usinune nepemen Ha paGoty 8 KTH. Pyrnenx — mpogeccop aaekTporexnkn B KTH, (Crenenb Gaxanaspa nonyyiut 1973 4. 8 Konnemxe Yumbanca, a cTenenb Ma- mictpa — 8 1975 r. » KemGpnaxckom yuneepcurere. B 1980 r. Kaunbopanti- Kui yuvepcuTeT 8 Bepkan npiicBonn emy crenens ZoxTopa dunocodun, mo- cone wero on noctynua 8 KTH. Marek Zvelebil (MAPEK 3BEJIEBHJI «Tlocnenenunkopoe — mpcsasaiomiee xonsticTao B necax Enpomsi») — npe- Nonanaten apxeonornn _ neTopyn nepsoGsiTHoro oGulecTBa B Wedénna- ckoM yuntnepesrrere. B 1974 r. nouns 8 9TOM yHHBepeHTeTe Tenens GaKartas- annmosuyio paGoTy 3auyiTua 8 Kem6piurxckom —yusmepeurere. B 1981 r. nonysnin crene» aoxTopa dy alocodilt 3a HeCTEsIOBAHHR KYABTYP Ka MeHHoro Bexa # cevepuoit [pyGantuKe 4M cram paGorars npenonasarenem MeddunncKom yunsepesrere. Sandra Herbert (CAHPA TEPBEPT ‘«Jlapei kak reonorn) — aouenT Ha Ka eape ucTopun MapinenucKoro yHH- vepentera 8 rpabcrse Bantumop. To- aywnuia cTeneHb Gakanaspa B o6nacTH MexkancusnannapHElx Hayk 8 Yanwep- curere YurrenGepra crenteHt 10KTO- Pa dutocodun 8 oGnacTH ueTopun Hay~ xu 8 Yunsepcutete Bpanaciica. Tipe nonasana 8 MapimnensicKom ysusepcu- tere a Konnemx-Tlapxe i » Tipunicton- KOM yuuBepcwTeTe; ron paGoTama npir- mawienniim coTpyaiiKoM B CMiTCOHOS- ckOM MHCTHTYTe.Bue3anHan cepieuHad CMepTb OcTaHoska cepa MOxeT NPON30NTN COBepLIeEHHO HEO%KUNAaHHO, 6e3 BCAKNX NpeAynpexAaloWnx CuMNTOMOB. OT TOrO, HaCkONbKO ObICTPO OyeT OKasaHa NOMOL|b peaHvmatonormyecKow Me_UyMHCKOH Gpuragou ny xe CnyYatiHbIMN CBYgeTensaMY, BNagerowuMu HaBbikamu peannmayun, YaCTO 3€BUCHT XK3Hb NocTpagasuero MUKM C, AMSEHBEPI, NOPEHC BEPFHEP, ANbOPEA 6. XONNCTPEM, PUYAPA O. KAMMUHG HESATIHAS cepneanas emeprs — ‘camoe octpoe cocToRHHe, KOTO- Poe MOXeT MepexHTE Yemo- nex. Octaniouka cepaua Komanc Ha- crynaloT MrHoseHHO, YacTO pH Ki 2kyEMCR MOHOM 3710poBbe, TpHYEM STOMY ApaMaTHieckoMy COOMTHIO ZH- 60 Boo6ute He npemuecrByioT HUKAKHe MpwstaKm, m0 BOSHMKAIOT TMD ‘cMyTHbIe cHMnTOME| — Gon B oGaacTH TPYAM, OMBIMIKa, HOTANBOCTS, TOLIHO- Ta, BAPyT OXBATMIBaIOUIee CHABHOE yromsenne. Tlocne ocranosku cepaua xposocHaGxxenne ronoBHoro Mo3ra npe- KpaulaeTes H Hepes HecKONBKO ceKyH Gombuolt Tepaet cosnanne. Hane pas- BMBaIOTes cyDOpOrH, HaNMNAeTCR aro- HambHoe abixaxite, npoMexonHT Menpo- HaBonbHOe MovencnycKanne # GsicTpo nactynaeT cepTb. B npouinom muua, KoTOpLXx nocTH- ria sHesanas cepaeunan cMepTh, Onin TpaktuweckH OGpevensi. Ceronna xe cyulecrayioT cnocoBti HeKyccTBEHHO Roamep»xKUBATs xPOBOCHAGIENHe H LAbI- XAHME 20 TeX OP, NOKA C MOMOLIBIO cneunanbnol npouenypst — nebu6pun- aauKH — cepauty GyxBanbHO He MaHO- currea ynap, 3acTapnaioulul ero 80306- HOBHT» PHTMUHBIE coKpauieHns. On- aKO BCC ITH MepbI MpuBeAYT K yeneXy ‘aMuIb B TOM cnyuae, ECT ON MpHMeHR- JoTeA B nepBBte HECKOMBKO MIHYT Mocte notepH cosHanus. Tlocie ocTaHonKH Cepia BeporTHoCTs oxxlBneNuA m0- crpagasuiero crpemurenbwo yObiBaert ¢ KakabIM MrHOBeHHeM. TlockosIsKy Me- MUMHCKAA NOMOULB NOWKHA GEITE OX: alia OCTpamaBulleMy KaX MO>KHO CKO- pee, 8 CIA, a Taxxe B apyrix cTpaHax Guinu coszansi cnyx6xt, oGecnenBalo- ume GeicTpoe npHGEITHe KBANHHUMpO- aHHBIX clleunastHcTOB K GosibHOMY. OD- Tanmsonanni oco6sre Gpiratbi, cr10co6- HBIe ZOCTATOHO GICTPO MpHHUMATE PeaHuMauNOHNBIe Mepsi. Braronaps ‘TOMY BnomHe pearbHo BepHyT Yes10Be- ka Tlocae BHesaTHoM cepmeHHOn cMepTH K XXHSHM, K HOPMamBHOMY couHAmMbHO NOAHOUCHHOMY cyLLeCTBOBAHINO.. Llmpoxoe pacnpoctpanenue Taxux ‘cayxx6, Gesyenoso, noszonuT cnacTH Mnorne wenoneveckne xHSHH. Hay¥enHe NporpaMM 9KCTpeHHOM MeaHUMHCKOM NOMOU MoKaIaTO, YTO aeKTHBHEIM HyTeM K Peweumo npoSneMs BHesan- HoH CepneuHoH cMepri MOXeT BbITS cO- 3aanne cneunanbibm 6pura, o6ecne- NeHHBIX cooTBeTCTBYIOWIMM OGpasOM OGopynonanHBiMH MauLMHaNH cxopom nomoum. Ecnu notpaTuts HexoTops1 AononMMTeNbuBIe cpeeTBA Ha OGyNe- Hie H OcHaulleNMe MenMuNEHCKOFO MepCo- Hana, To 3TH cpaBnitTemsNo Heaoporite H BIONHe OcylecTBHNMBIE Mepst NOMO- TYT 3HAMNTEMBHO CHISHTE CMepTHOCTe OT BHevaMHOH OcTaHOEKH cepaua, BHE3ATIHOM cepnewniott emepTt FOBopsT B cay¥asx HeorKHaaH- HOM OcTaHOBKH abIXalNa H xPoBOOGpa- menus, oOycnonaenneix 3aGonesannen cepaua (nanpuMep, arepocktepo3om Be- Hewnbix aprepufl). Ecnut vepes Heckonb- Xo MUHYT Nocie BHe3anHoft cepnewHo!t CMepTH MBIXaHNe H KPOBOOGPallienHE He ROCCTANARNMRAIOTCR, TO HeHI6EXNO Ha- crynaet GuonorHueckak CMepTb, CBRE 3aHHam npexne BCero ¢ HeOGpaTHMBIMHL aMeHeHHSMH B TOOBHOM Mo3re. Buesanwan cepacuwan cmeprs mpea- cTaBNaeT ONY 13 BADKHEMUHX CTOPOH Gonee mpoxolt npoBems! — npobne- Mbl mulemHveckofl Gonesun cepaua. Towioe uneno amu, cTpaiaoUMNx 2ToM Gonesubio, wenspecTHo. [lo nanHbim TocMepTHBix scKperTiih, B CWA npax- "THMECKH Y KAXKDOFO My>KYHHBI B BO3PAC- ‘Te crapuie 30 ner ecT® paitine mpustaKit Musemuyecxon GonesHx cepauia. K cowa- seNMIO, HAAMYMe Y TOTO HMM UHOTO Ye- nlopexa axTopoe piicKa HUleMHuEcKOR GonesHn cepauia He nossonseT cyaHTs ‘TOM, HaCKOMEKO A Hero BBICOKa BePO- ATHOCTS BUC3aNHOf cepaesHOH cMepTH. Muiesmueckas Gonesis cepatia acto 4 AMarHocTupyeTca mmm Torna, Korma Yxe HaGmONMOTCH TaKHE rposHBe ce CcnoxHents, Kax CTevoKapniia (Gore BoM MpHeTyn, coxsanmeif ¢ nenocTaTos- HBIM CHAGAEHHEM MBILIIUM Cepia OK- cHreHMpoRAHHOR KpoBbIO), —HakbapxT Muoxapaa (OMepTEeHHe yuacTka cep- ARHHOR TKaHIH) HB caMOM XyaMUeM cry ‘ae axevanniaa cepmewnan eMeprs. Bee ou (a Taxxke HeKoTopsie npyrne) OcnOxHENHA MUeMHYecKOM GonesHt cepnuia nposansiores pHuNe TAK WasBi- BaeMtx cepaewmbix npnctynos. B CLA Peretppyeten m cpenHem 1,5 Man. cepaewnbix npsictynos B ron. Tpumep- Ho 3/4 GombHbIx ¢ cepnesmoiM MpHcTy- TloM TochuTaMNpyioTeR H Nony¥aIoT KeanMbuunposanioe s1evenne. Mcxo y ‘Taki GonbHbix vecMa GaronpHaT- ntti: Gonee 80% rocnuranusupoBaH- HBIX THU MePEKHBAIOT OCTPYIO CTastIHO cepnewHoro npweTyna mB AaTSHeftLIEM sbinHcEIBaioTes. B to xe ppewa exeroano Gonee 350 Talc. anepukanitien oxnaaeT mene Gnarononyanan cyab6a. Cepneunsift pHeTyN Y HHX YacTO pasBHBAeTCR cO- BepUNeHHO BHEZATHO, a ECT KaKHe-TUGO pensecTHMKK H HAGMOnAIOTeR, TO OHI BOSHMKAIOT MeHee 4eM 3a OMMH Hac 10 mpuctyna. B casan ¢ 3THM y NocTpanas- lero Mano wavicon BoBpeMs nonac Gonpxmuy. Heenno Taxne Gon cTaHOBATCH KEPTBAMH BHEIAMHOA cep- neaHon emepTH. Y GOmbILINHCTBA H3 HHX B aHaMNese Y>Xe HMCIOTCR MPORBITCHHA muremnaecxol Gonesin cepana — HH ‘dapxT mHorapaa, cTewoKapana HT. 2. Ho npuGnitsntentno ana 20% Gonbaeix ‘Hesariaa cepuewtian cMepT> OKa3LIBa- eTea nepsbiM cHTHaTOM sa6oneTanHs cepatia m BeHeuHBix cocyo8. B Hopme purwuunoe, cornacosannoe ‘coxpauuienne m paccnaGnenne scex orse- ‘nos cepaua oecrewusaerea crewnamb- Holt mposonsutel cucTeMol, cocromich 3 MYX y3710n M NPOHNSEIBAFOLINX TON Uy MitOKapza BOMOKOR. InexTpHYECKHEBHESANHAR CEPQEUHAR CMEPTb 5 IMMYALCLI, BOIMNKALOULNE B OAHOM ¥. THX yan0n (BOAHTeNE PHTMA), O RO- JokHaM MlepeatoTes K KNeTKAM cepmeu- Hoh Muumet, B cepaue no Tem naw HHBIM NHUHHAM MOryT BOSHMKATS ca a Mble pasmMunbte apirTMmit (HapyweHna PUTMa), OMHaKO MLNS HeKOTOPBIE 19 HX MpMBOAST K BHEsanHOM cepnesHon cmeptu. Camoc YacToe H3 TaKHX POKo- BBIX HapyulenHA putMa cepaua — OH- Gpunnauie xKenynoNKoB; H3-24 Hee TPO- HeXOAHT OKONO 2/3 AceX cayuaeR BHE- 3anvoli cepnewxoft cmepTH. ‘@nGpunnauna >Kenyn04Ko8 — >To CocToRHHe, MPH KOTOPOM MMnynbcH, 2 [MABHOE CPEDCTBO nepsoA nomown npn ocTaHoBKe cepaua — cepaeuno-nerownan peannmayan (CIP). Korna pe- anumatop YOexqaeTCA B TOM, ¥TO GOnbHOA noTepAN COsha- ile, OH AOMDKEH NPUAaTe ero FonOBe M wiee TaKoe Nono%xeHHe, pw KOTOpOM BO3ayxONOCHBIe NyTH He GyAYT NepeKpbIBATECR KOpHeM mabIKa, ANA ero ronoBy s2NpOKMABIBAWT HasaA M BbI- ‘AsuraioT snepeA HKHIOW YeniocTs (1). 3aTeM CnepyeT npoBe- PvTb, AbIMT nw NocTpaRaBWMA. nA sTOrO peaHuMaTop NpM- BTCA K €FO AblxaHiO (2) CNeANT 3a RBMKEHHAMK MepINeHHO Ha4aTb VCKYCCTREHHYIO BEMTANAYMIO NErKUK METO- ‘ROM «por & por» @). NpenBapMTenbHo cpaBMs HOIApH GonbHO- Fo, peanumaTop Ocywecranner mucye>cbnA\Wo, Te. BAYRAEY BOSAYX B ero AbIxaTenbHbIe NyTH. 3a Nepsbie 4—7 c Hao yC- ere cpenat> jee Mncyc>cpnAynn, 3aTeM NpoBepAETCA HANH ‘awe nynbca Ha COHHBIx apTepMRx, pacnonoxeHHbIx 8 OONACTH eH no 06e cTopoH! oT ajamosa AOnoKa (3). Ecni nyneca Her, HeO6xOAMMO HaYaT® HenPRMOA Maccax CepAua (4): peanHMa- Top NoMewaeT NazCHs OAHOA PyKM Ha rpyAMHy NocTpanaBwe- FOB O6nacTH eo HiDKHEM TpeTH, KnageT NoBepx BTOPYIO na AoHe, NepenneraeT nanbus!, NONMOCTSI pasrMOAeT PykKM B TOKTAX W_NPOMSBOAUT SHEPMYHbIe TONYKM C NaCTOTOR ‘80—100 pase MHHyTY, CAaBnHBAR TEM CaMbIM rpyRHYIO KneT- ky. Mp kaxgom TonuKe rpyaHaR KneTKa NOCTPaflaBllero AO- Ira cweuaTecr BHU] Ha 5 cM. Ecnn peaHuMaTop ORM, TO ‘emy CheayeT wepenosare CAaBNHBAHUA rpyAHOM KNTKH C Ui ‘ycbcbnAUMAMU: Ha KanKAbIe 15 TONYKOB AONKHLI NPMXOAMTE: ‘cA 2mncychcbnaymn. Ecnw CIP HaynnaercR cpasy nocne ocTa- OBKH cepqua, To BepoATHOCTE yonexa ysennuMsaeTcA 8 2 pasa. 3qeck npwsepeHst nue ocHosHele npHHyMNes CIP, no- IMbibiA MHCTPYKTAM MOKHO NONYAMT B CNEYMENbHEIX YHPER- enna.B MVIPE HAYKM- 1986/N° 7 VIDEMMUECKAR BONES CEPAUA (OBIE 4UCNO BONGHEIX HEV3BECTHO) I CEPREUHBIE nPuCTYNE! (KONO 1.5 MH. BOA) 75% a FOCNMTANUSHPOBAH! YCNEWHAR PEAHUMALIAA (MEHEE 5%) YY BHESAMHAR CEPREUHAR ‘bINMCANMCE (KORO 800 THe.) — CMEPTE BHE BONBHMLSI Tormey {KONO 600 TeHc.) (CEPAEYHBIE MPVICTYNbI, cenzaHHbie c nUeMMUECKOA GonesHbwo cepa, o6ycnoB- eH NORHbIM HN NaCTHUHLIM NPEKPAW\eHHeM KPOBOTOKA B OAHOA us KOPOHAPHEIK apTepni w apTepHAMH (HapyWoHHAMM puTMa CepAua). E>xeroaHo 8 CUA percrpH pyeTCR Kono 1,5 mnH. CeppeuHeix npHcTynos. M13 Hix Ha Aono BHesaNHo CeppeY- HOR CMEpTH, HaCTyNa@lOWeN BO BHEOONLHAYHEIX YCROBURX, NPUXOAMTCA OKONO 25% cex cnywaes, BHesanHaA Cepaeunan CMepTS — 9TO TaKoE OcROKHEHHE MUEMAYEC- kom SonesHH CepAua, NP KOTOPOM Ges Kakux-nvO0 NpeABECTHMKOB UNH Ha CoH ovens crepte! ‘CHMNTOMOB MrHOBEHHO OCTANaBNMEa\TCA KPOBOOGPAL\eHMe M AbI- xahie. B HaCTOAWIee BPEMA NOCHE BHESANHOA CepREYMOA CMEpTH BOSBPAWAIOTCH K Kua He OOnee 5% COnbHbIX. ‘BUISBIBAIOUIME COKPaLLeHHE MbILLIENHTLIX kneToK cepaua, pacnpocrpanmlores 110 ‘TRAN 2enyaONKOB xaoTHNeckH. [pH 3TOM OTAGMbHBIE YHACTKH 2KEMYsONKOE kak 6b nomepritmaiores, onHaKO corma- cOBAHHOTO COKpaLeHHIA He NPONeXOAT 4 KpoBs 3 cepnua He BbIGpacbiBaeTCR. Tyee npu @uGpunaaume orcyrereyer, a aprepuambuoe aasnensie 6ticTpo na- naeT 10 Hys8. Tipwinss du6pnanauin xenyao4KoB HeacHbl. Ona MOXeT GbiTb camzana ¢ MMeMMei MuoKapaa (yMeHbuleHMent KposocuaGxcma cepaua), Hapyutennen: MOHHOTO COcrana KPOBM, AHOMATBHBIM MIMCHERHEM —KPORSHBIX MUIACTHHOK, AcHXOOrHMECKUM crpeccom. Ocrpsi inapkT MMOKapna cayAHT npHAHHOH uSpuranumn anu 6 20-30% cayua- Tlockonbxy y Gonbubix, mepenecusix BHesanMylo cepaeunyio cMepT», B Aatb- Hefiulem HaGmionaloTeR caMBie pas Male COCTORHH®, OHA, BEPORTHO, ObrBacT oGycnosnena pasHbinm mpoucccam. Tem ne Meuee nce cnyyan BHesanHon cepaeunolt cMeprit MOxHO paxGuTh Ha ‘TPH OcHOBHBIE rpynnbi B saBiIcHMOcTHE of nenocpencreennetx npuunt uGpsn- sawn. Tepsyio rpynny cocrapnsior caywan BHexanot cepneHoR cMepTit pH mubapkTe MuoKapaa, Bropyro — npH MULeNHU MHOKApa, TPeTHO — MPH Repsuunbix HapywlenAX cepneworo pHTMa HeNBnecTHOM mpHpoaLt. HesasucuMo oT Toro, Kaxue axro- PBI MpHRENK K BHEZANHOH OcTAHOBKE cepaua, 476 Gui10 ee npaMotl mpHus- HOM, a 47 cBIrpatO conyTcTBYIOULy!O pom, coppemennbic MeTonbt PeaHNMa- MH NosBonAIOT OTCpONHTL GuonorHHE- ckyIO CMEpTb 10 TeX Mop, MOKA CHO MOMIBIO crlenHanbstbIx Mep Henb3a Gy- eT wepyTs GosibHoro K 2kuHH. Bepo- THOCTh OXHBACHHR NoCTpanaBulero enlocpemeTBeHHO 3aBMeHT OT TOrO, KAK exopo emy Gyner oxasatta nomoutD. Tleppoe cpetcT80 nomouut mpi BHe- ‘annoit cepexnofl cmepTit — cepneuxo- alerounaa peanumauus (CIP). CIIP co- CTOMT B TOM, 4TO GonbHOMy B nerkHe BayBaioT BO3AYx METOAOM «POT B POT», DHTMYHO caBAKBAN pH 3TOM rpya- nyto knerky. B peaynsrare neGonbuioe koamwecrBo (npyMepHo S—30% oT pe- “Aue! HOpManbHOrO cepeNHOrO BkiI- Gpoca) oxcHreHupowaHNon KpoBs mpO- TeKaeT Yepes FONOBHOM MOST, cepauie H Apyrue 2kiAMeHHO RaxKuBIe Oprall Benen 2a CJIP weo6xoanmo npinste OKoHYaTeMbHBIE PeaHUMALINONHBIE Me- Pst, HanpasnenHbie Ha BoccTaHoBneHite Hopmanboro KpoBooGpautenita Ht Abt xanus. K TaKuIM: MepaM OTHOCSTCR HC- KYCCTBEHHAR BEHTHLAIAUNIA TeTKHX C MO- MOULbIO BBEeMHON B Tpaxcio MHTyGaLH- ‘OnNott TpyGxH, MeaukaMenTosHas reps aw aeduGpuananue. Aedu6punnsuns npencrasnser co- Gofi, no cyuiecray, snexrpuyeckuft yaap no cepauy, OcyuiecTmnmeMeill wepes rpyauyto knerky. Fp Taxom nosaelicr- BHM nce KileTKH cepaua omMoBpeMeHHO nenlonspusylores # oGbIuHo BoccTaHa AMBAETCA MeATeNbHOCTS HOpMamIbHBI poanreneh purMa. Baroaaps sToMy xaOTHWeckHe NoneprHsaniA cepnesHon MBI! MpeKpatuialotca H cTaHOBITCR BOIMOXKHBIM cOrnacOBAIHOE COKpalLIe- He %KenyAOUKOB Non BAVAHWeM Wop MambHbix nponeccon BoxGy:xsnenHs. TUIOTh 0 wavata 1960-x roaoe MecTHBIe cayx6s opraminanynt SKCTPEHHO! KapanonorHwecKolt oMO- tut Goan pasestTet cna6o. Ha noroct- ‘TANBHOM YTalle TAKAA OMOUlb OKAIbI- Baslacb FaasHbIM OGPasOM 111Ox0 Octa- tmembinnt Opuranasat wacTHIx. Mem LuneRHx H noxopoxBix Konan. Ma- luumt, Ha KoTOpsIX TaxHe Gpirambi npnGbinanit Ha MecTo Mpowewecraus, Hepeako exyKunst OnHOBpeMENHO KATA anxamm, a cam nepcowal mse AML nyuaiiuie nosnanun © wepax nepso! nomouun. Heenenonavii, npoveaenste Haunowanbuolt akanemuen wayk CUA w npanurenternennon Koiceitelt 110 GeionacnocTH mBWKeHIIA Ha aBTOMO- GueHorx Marnerpasx, noaTeepanim, TO yponens cposnom MemiLMHCKOF! NO- MOWLIN nicyonneTBOpHTeAbNbIf H KBA- smuduxauia MeniunHeKoro nepcowana wuoxas. B cepeatnie 60-x roaon Gbinw mpiia- ‘Tor mepabie Mepet no yconepuleHcTAOBA- Mino OKCTPeNHolt MemiUHINeKOHL MoMO- unt, 370 e110 Bbrawano He cromsKo Gec- nnoxofieTBoM fio Mopoay rHGenH mronen or nnesannoit cepaewion cwepri, cKONBKO CTPEMEMHEM CHISHTS EMEPT- OCT cpenH NOcTpanaBLuNX pM 20- POXMO-TpanenopTHsix npoueutecTeH- x. Ho KoHexHo, mporpece snece 6naro- IpisTHo oTpasiiica w Ha npobneme cri eens -KepTB. bHESANHOM ocTaHOBKHL cepauia. Passirrino cnyxx6 2KcTpeHHOM MeanuNckof nomoum cnoco6erBosa- no mpuaixrue » 1966 r. oBueHanonac oro 3axoxa 0 Mepax no GexonacHocTH _npwaenus wa noporax. Bexope Geia pas- paGoran opiunansinit 81-taconoi ype OB yuenHt# OcHOBHBIM npHeMaM peBHESANHAA CEPEYHAR CMEPTb a anuaranut (skmiowaa C/IP) ana cammra- Pos fo oka3amio aKcTPeMHO! HoMOMN. Hecmorpa Ha TO, ¥TO 110 aHHBIM cTaTHeTuKH snpasooxpanenms, Gonee RonopuHs cepaewnbx CombuBix nore Gann m0 rocrmranisaunn Yepes 1—2 4 Rocae nosBneHHs NepBLIX cHMMTOMOB, ChewanituposaHHoe neveHMe Mest ‘ecko Contest cepauia e110 BKAOUCHO 1B MepeweHts IKCTPENHBIX. MEAIILUIHCKHX. -MeponpisrTHEl mH B KOMLE 60-X ros10B. Tlepssic moGunbubie Gpuramsi wuTeH cusofl Tepansm, cnocoGusie ocyuiecT~ BAAS PeaHINMaMINO MPH BHEsaNHON cep- AleuHofi cmepri, ObimH cosnants B 1966 r. 1 Benacte (Mpaanans). Opranirsatopa- Mu 3TOH caykObI OnUTH Epa BOHM xoponesst Buxtopuut Zk. Opanx Mawr pumx uw Dx. C. Axeanec. B coctas Opuraa BxoaHan Bpay M MeaHUNHcKaR cecrpa, mraneiomme HanbiKaNn ne>it- Spraamumn m npuMenennn anTnapitT- MuweckHX ekapeTaeiNbix npenaparon epsoil noMoUM Mp HHGapKTe MHtO- xapza. Bexope nonoGumie Gpriraaes 2Kc~ ‘TpeHHOM MeaiUNHCKOR NOMOLN nORBH- nee Coensinennstx Wrarax, oan Ko 8 CocTaB HX BXOANAM He BpaWi, a emauepst, npousemume 400—1500- Macon Kype OGy'eHHIN Mo OKasANIHIO MOMOUN BO BHEGOMBANNHEIE yenOBIIAR. pM Ocranopke cepatia, a Take pH apyrmx ocrpuix cocrosimsx. Tleppsie ‘Taxite nporpamns oGyyew ensue os Guinn cosaansi 8 Cuotae, Maftann, Jloc-Anmxenece n Konymyce. Hx op- rannsaTopan Gx coorseTeTseHHO J. Ko66 (Meamunncras wrona Baur oncxoro ynnvepewrera), 10. Helin (Meamunnexas wxona Yannepewrera 6 Maiiawm), Zk. Kpaiam (Menmutncras wxona Kannbopxuticxoro yxmsepcure- Ta B Sloc-Aumxenece) u JK. Yoppen (Meamumncksit xonnemx Yansepcurera i. Oraito). ‘unancuposanne nporpamM sia o6y- weuua denbmuiepos M camrrapon 3xc- TpenHofl noMoULH Havanoce B 1973 F., Kora KOHrpecc MPHHAN 3aKOH © Cay Gax ckopoft MeamumHcKoR oMoMU. Dror saxon Goin OGnosnen 8 1976 x 1979 rr. B coorsercrans ¢ HMM Ha pa3- ‘irre nporpasnt o6yuenna canuTapos I ‘enbausepos B 300 palionax crpani Gei- 20 puineneno 185 Max. aonnapos. Kpo- Me Toro, 3aKOH CTHMYaMposaN pasBH- ‘THe KOMNIeKcHOrO MOZXoNa B OpraH- 3aUH 9KCTPEHHON MeAUMHCKOR NoMo- um. B cucremy cnyxx6s1 ckopoft nomoun NIPOMME BHAbI APATMK ] MBPANNAUMA KENYQONKOB OCTAHOBKACEPALIA | OCTAHOBKA CEPQUA 8 BES comperen nperreny esiaerenen [ CHRTOTERO OTE CPTONERO 4 | mR aoREKO noche ° |aonpnet ROCHE” po nenBEmTMA — NONE” |go NPMEtI nenesitia ‘CKOPOW neneerin | ak NPMBBITHA CKOPOM NPMBBITHA fe ‘CKOPOR ‘CKOPOR nomown ‘CKOPOA Seeeer | | “eKoron nomowy ‘CKOPOM | MOMOUIM ROMOWA FOMOUIA foMoWA ToMOWA T g] ° ° oot ° oot on 03 = z = 5 = $ | g os 3 eye | 52 o ° oor of ° | on o3 3 5 2 | | 8 g& = 3 ° 01 on 03 on 03 YCTIEX PEAHVIMALINM| pv BHesanHon cepnesHon cmepTH (cron6ueu) sasucur ot oScToRTenscrs, 8 KOTOpEix y nocTpa- ‘aswero nponsouna ocTaHoBKa CEPAUA, M OT TOTO, Kax BbiCT- oO emy Stina oKasavia noMo\s cbenteAuepOM Hn BpaHoM. Cy- WecTsyoT axTopti, He sasCRWe OT HAWK yCANUA (xapaK- ‘Tep Hapyulenud cepfesHoro puTma, NpHBOARLIMX K OCTAHOBKE Ala; MPMCYTCTAMe NOCTOPOHHIK MMW). 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B 9TOM OTHOWeHHH noKasaTenen onBIT Hawien paGorsi 6 rpaderue Kur: wici0 anu, yMerounx nena CJIP, noxpocno aa npouinie 10 net 8 6 pas, a KoaNe- cTBO caywaes BHesanHoM cepiiewNon ‘eMepTH, IIpH KOTOPBIX HAXOARLIMIECR s- OM € HOCTpaaaBusmn sIMMa TyT >KE Ha- ‘naam CJIP, yeTanosHioce Ha yposHe 309% n nanee He wsMensi10cb. ITO cBA3a- Ho, B ACTHOCTH, C TeM, TO Kypebt OOY- enna CJIP o6tiaHo noceuaior Mon0- bie moau (cpennui ospacr 33 roma), puuent KommecTBO caytlaTenett OGONX O08 NpuMepHo oaHHaKoBO. A BHesan- aa ocTaHoBKa cepauia cayyaeTeR waulie cero B AOMauIeM OGcTaHOBKe y Myx usnt crapuie $0 ner, u cauneTenai mpo- McWeCTBHA OxasbIBAIOTCA, KAK Mass 20, TOABKO Hx cynpyrn. 3HawNT, HaBI xan CJIP nonknst naners npexne cero wens crapuse SO ner. Cosepuienso sico, ¥T0 HeoGxoauMO OGy4itT® npHeMaM OKasaHHs NepBOn 10- MOUIM B NepBY!O OMEPENIS Tex, y KOrO Gonsie «ulaicos» npcyTcrsonaTe pit suesanHoh ocranonke cepaua. Mas 3TOFO Hy-KHBI HOBEIE NoBxOAE!. 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Beictpee acero okazatb Meast- MHCKyIO MloMOULE pH BHesaNHOH OcTa- HOBKe Cepalia MOmET TOT, KTO BbI3BIBa~ er spava. [oxa x Gonsnomy cnewuT Ma- uma ckopot noMoum, ancneraep cayaxGbt 9KCTPEHHOH MestHUMHCKOM NO- MOUMH No TeneOHY MOxeT PYKOBOAHTE ‘ocyuiectaennem CJIP na Mecte npowe- urectsus. Taxoft nonxon eule He nony- ‘ua ocbuuaMbHO OUEHKH, AHAKO 06 orenbHtix cayaax yenewitton pearMaui npH MHCTpyKTaxKe HO Tenedony ke coo6uiazock, Y. Kaprep u ero corpyanunat 3 Or- nena 2XCTPEHHOH MenMUNHCKOR NOMO- us rpaderna Kur Yaupannenns aapa- pooxpanenns rpagera Cit « Kinr paspa6oTamm wicTpyKuMo sine ancneT- Nepop MesiittMHicKoH CTY ROD! O TOM, KAK pykoponuTb CJIP no Tenepony, u ace awcneraepsi 8 rpaderse Kir OsiaH co- orserctayioumm OGpasom O6yxeHbI. 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Henaso nporpan- Mut pykonosicraa CJIP no Tenesony 6xt- mt o06penst Amepixancxoit accouna- tell kapawonoros H noaceMecTHO BHe- peust 8 CUIA, a taxxe » Bemuxo6p- ‘ran Huaepnannax. BEPLIEHHO oveonano, aro vem PaHbue NpH BHEsaNHON cepacuHor ‘cmepru Gyaer eaenana CJIP, Tem wine ReposTuocT® GnarononyaHoro HeKona. Oawaxo CIP — sro num spemenas Mepa. [Lam Toro TOE! HOAHOCTHIO BBI~ nectH GonbHoro 112 cocToRHHA KM ecko cMepTH, HeoGxonuMO yuacTHe ‘hembamepa m Bpava, KoTOpBte ocyutecT- BIRIOT OKOHMATENLHYIO peaHHIMaUMo. DebuGpunasuua ve eannctaennoe Me- ponpustue sToro 3rana 9KcTpeHHol Me- AMUMIHCKOM NOMOLIH, HO, O-BHIHMOMY, waxnefuiee. BeicTpo npowectH aebu- Gpusnsunio Norma oKasbiBaeTcH 10- crarounin ja Toro, 4roGer cnactH 2K GombHOrO. 3HAHHT, ECT yBenH- irre anez0 ae u6puzaatopos, OcTyn- HBIX Am OKaIAHNX CpOMHO NOMOU, ¢MepTHOCT OT BHesanHOMt OcTaHOBKH cepauia MoxeT peaKo YMEHBUIIITECR. Buesannaa cmepre or gu6punnsuu skenyMONKOR cepalla, K coraNeNMO, Pe- axo nactynaeT B Gonbnue win BOANH OT MauLIHH cKOPOM MOMOULIL, B KOTOPEIX umeiorea sieduGputasropst. Haute nce- To ocTanosKa cepauia cnyyaeTer c Yeno- WVIW.SCIAM-MAGAZINE NAROD.F BHESATIHAR CEPAEUHAR CMEPTb BeKOM sloma. YeTanonitrs oGbIuNtte e- QuG6punaxtoper no Mecty npoxuBaHHT kaxn0ro GombHOTO MuleNuIECKOR GO- aesHsio cepatia Hepeansuo. JL1® Toro ‘wTOGsi NoabsoBaTEcE 9THM aninaparom, HeoGxonHMo yMeTb pacnosHaBaTe Ha- pyulenua purMa cepaua, wro Tpedyer chewnanbHnix snanuil. Kpome Toro, Aebu6punnatop — ——_norenuarsHo onacustii npu6op. Fostomy aedu6pus- MUO OLEH NPOBOTHTE TOABKO cneuwanncr. Oanako B ckopom apemenn cirryauna MOXKET CYIECTBEHHO HAMEHHTECR, TAK kak B nlocneaHue roast Gku1H cosaHet apromaruveckne ae uGpunasropti. Tlonssonatsca TakuMit npHOopanit He- cnoxNO: HYAHO AMI YkpeNMTE npH- Knewpaioumecs saexTpoabi Ha rpysM ocTpasamuiero, a uce ocrambHoe aena- eres apTomatuueckn. 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OHAKO BPA mH CTOMT Bosnarare Haqexutbi Ha TaKoe pe- usenue npoGnemet. Bo-nepabix, aBroMa- ‘Teckite meguGpuARATOpE! MOKA ~¥TO cammkom noport — 4500—7000 nonn. (Xora mpit ysennwenun cnpoca OHH M0- Tan 6b1 noneweseTs). Bo-BTopsix, 1O- noGubie Mepsi GecnonesHst aK Tex, y Koro saonewanve cepaua npotexaeT GeccumntomHo. ‘Cymectsyer apyroit, Gonee peams- nuiil nye. Asromatnueckne aednOpst- ARTOPKI MOxkHO YeTaHOBHTh B OBUIeAO- eTYMHBIX MecTaX H OBYMNTE HacTE Hace- sieHua nomissoBaTsCR MMi. Hannune e- ¢buOpnansTopos Ha camoneTax 1 KopaG- JAX, B YNPEXTEHUAX, 2KMIBIX OMAX ‘OGuIecTBeHHIX MecTax sHaWHTeTBHO OBAHSIIO Oxi Ha CpOK OT MoMeHTa KmTt- HuyecKol cMepTH 20 nebHOPHARALN. ‘Oanaxo 18 Toro, 4TOGbI OUeHNITE, Ha- CKONBKO sdibexTHBHLIM OKaKeTC Ta- oii nyTb peutenns MpoGrIemi, HEOGXO- n MO OTBETHTS Ha NHOFHe BompOCe. Kaxute putronsi noamoxno noaysntT» or ‘oSuenocTynHBIx aBToMaTH¥eCKHX e- u6puansropon? Karue pacxonst n0- ‘TpeGyioten az ix yeranopKis axcnny- rau? Kro sosbMeT na ceGx 3TH pac- xoabi? Hackonbxo Wacto nputetes no- BTOpHO OGy4arb Hacenenne momb30- barbs neduOputnstopanst? Bynyt st nenpodeccuonami aeflcraurembHo c- Homba0BaTh aBToMaTuvecKHe sep GpuaasTopst w akcrpenHon curryaun? Haroneu, ecr ewe oan nyre, oGec- NewmBaioulnh MakcuMambHo GMETPYKO aebyOpnaaunc, Ox saxmowaercs XUPYPIHNecKOM soxuEBENN aDTOMaTH- stecxsnx sepuGpuiansropos. M. Mupos- cent ero cotpyzumxn sn Meninne- xo mxombt Yunpepeurera Lxonca Tonxiica paspaGorann sxusnsembie yerpoiictsa, nocrosMHo creamune 3a PuTMoM cepaua, pacnosnaioume ut- Spnazamumio xenyao4Kos H cosmaioue nedyOpuunmpyrounte paspsuin neo. of MoumocTit Hepes 15—20 ¢ nocae mavana nOpuansum. C1983 r. raxne aebyGpunaaTopst Goin uNtnmanTHpo- ant Gone went 220 GombHbiM 1 BO MHO- Tux cay¥aRK ¢ HX MOMOULLIO YaaBaT0CE YertewHo npexpauiart duOpuananito 2xezyaouKos. Mpasa, THMm npGopa- Mit BOIMOXHO CHAGAITE SILI TO He- Gonbuce steno Combs, su18 KOTOEIX yeranopmena BbicoKan neposTHocT® BHeranHON eMepTH oT HGpHaasus cepaua. 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