B MUPE HAYRIL VU3gannue Ha pycckom a3bike A, a ‘ . g Yess iN A * oo hd A . J q oo Mapm 3 193" gaSiSdameavembo MVP nfedraraem: C. Teitaop, C. Max-Slennan KOHTMHEHTASIBHAA KOPA, EE COCTAB VU SBONIOUNA Tlepevoa ¢ aurnuticxoro Hobas cbynjamentansuan paboTa vapecTHeix ascrpanniicKux ReTponoroa-reoxHMHnkos, NoATO- 2xnBaIOUIAA OMIT MHOTONET HK MC- ‘cneposanwi no ucTopHn copay POBaHMA _M PaseUTHA KOHTAHEH- TaNbHOM KOPLI, a TaloKe ee COCTa- 8a. Npweoaurca o6umpsbin cnpa- ‘BOUHBIA MaTepHan no pacnpegene- Hino peaKinx sneMeHTos m Wx 30TO- los & APEBHMX OCARONHbIX, META: Mopcbuveckwx 4 MarmaTa\ecKinx nopopax. Ha ocHoBaHum HoBKX AaHHux o6cyxqaoTen HaHbonee BeponTHBle MORenn sBOMO\yWH 3eMHOM KopbI MaTepHKOB. Knura vMeer saxHbie AocTo- wxcTBa: rny6oKan npopaboTKa epenunoro chakruvecKoro Mare wana; equian MeToaMKa o6pa: ork’ pesyneraros w wx npea- cTasnenwe 6 Bupe rpacbuKos, Rua rpawM # Ta6nity, nossonmowWx wuraTemo canomy jenatb Te unit ible aaknoNeHAs HesaaHCHNO OT biBOfa AaBTOPOR; npOCTOe MACHOe vanoxeHue MaTepnana, To Rena eT KHMTY AOCTyNHOA Ke TOMbKO cneynanncty-reoxumuKy, HOW re- onoram apyrux cneynanuHocren. ‘Ana reonoros wupoxoro npod> ins, neTponoros, reoxnMnkoB. 1988, 27 1. Llena 3 p. 90 x Nipearapirrenbubie saKaes Ha KHUTH BuinlyeKa 1988 F HpmnunaioTeR Marasimanin — onOpHLsNe nyMKTaM woaareasersa «Mup» c aupapa — pana, a OcraNbiTIMH MaraaHHaN Hay¥HO-TeXHUNECKOR nHTepaTypHL € anpeain — sas 1987 r Mnarenicreo aaxaxoe we npunusaerB MHPE HAYRH CTATBH 4 16 26 54 62 70 80 PYBPHKH 3 15 14, 25, 50, 88, 108 90 96 102 107 Scientific American - U3qanue Ha pyCCKOM A3biKe MMOCTPHPORAHHBIA KY PHA. HEPEROA C AHEAACKOFO - BBIXOAHT 12 PAI B FO - HBAAETCH C 1983 FOA MBAATEABCTRO «MUP» MOCKBA N° 3. MAPT 1987 B xomepe: © MOWHOCTH COBETCKHx CTpaTerMHeckHnx BOOPYKEHMA — Turn P. Cake, Han M.Loauc QueuxH MOUIHOCTH COBeTCKHX CTpaTerM4eckHx BOopyxeHHA Gbi1H saBbiweHb!. MlepecMoTp MouLHOCTH ANCPHBIX B3PLIBOB, NPONIBEMeHHbIX CoBeTcKHM Co1030M, MOKa3biBaeT, 4TO CCCP crporo coGmonasi ye- opus «Toporonoro» Jloronopa 06 orpaHH¥eHHN NOAIEMHBIX AEPHBIX HCHMTAHHH, CepAHBAR TEM Ca- iM paaBirrie cBoux erpareriteexi GoeronoBox (Scientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) Mnaneta YpaH — 9ndpio IT. Huzepcona B anpape 1986 r, Kocaatuecknit annapat «Bossrxep-2» nposierest MMO ITOH romyGonaTo-seneHoft naaveTbi-ruranra, OnuM #3 nlomocos Ypasa ceflwac Hanpasnent x Cony, a och MaruirTHoro ZumOAA pac- nonoxkelta HaxnoHHo. XOTA aTMOcHepa NsIaHeTHI NNOTHA M COMEPAHT AeARHOM a9pOI0.Mb, XapaKTep BeT- Pos B Hell HanoMuae 3eMnofi (Gcientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) Bupyc cuHapoma npuo6peTeHHoro UMMyHHOrO AecbUyTA —Pobepm K. Taa20 Dror eupyc — oH 43 TPex HIBECTHEIX Ha CeroAMAUIHH EHD PeTposHpycoR MeTOBcKA — GeIs OTKPEIT H NpHOGpen NevAABHYIO WIBECTHOCTE B CBAIH C TEM, 4TO BI jaeMoe HM OnacHeliuiee 3aGoneBaHHe BMO- cnteanee ppema GuieTpo pacnpoctpanacTer, yrpoxkaa cTaTb naruemsiefl. XOTA O HeM WIBECTHO yxKe 0- BOLO MHOTO, OKa HET OcHOBAHUM AN# ONTUMHSMa (cientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) HayyeHve Ha OcHoBe MHCTHHKTa — Zxetame JT. yd, Tlumep Mapaep Hayvenne 1 uicrinxT, oGb4HO MpOTHBONOCTABAHEMBIE AAPYT APYTY, Ha CAMOM lesIe BIAHMOCBRZAHBI: NPO- Hecc Hay¥eHiK y 2KHBOTHBIX, HAXOMAILIXCH Ha ECEX YPOBHAX MEICHTENBHOM OpraNiTaliNN, BOSHNKAeT Ha ‘OcHOBe HHCTHHKTa H HaXOAHTCH NlOM ero KOHTpONEM (Scientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) Sveprua, vsenekaeman 3 oKeaHa —Teppu P. exnu, Hecuxan Bxapamxan PasnocTs Temmepatyp Tensioh nosepxHocTHOH H XonOAHOM FyGHHHOM BOMB! MO>ZKeT CAYAKUTS OCHOBOM asia BeipaGOTKH 3sIeKTPHUECKOM IHeprHN. TaKaX TEXHONOTHR OKAKETCA NONeSHOM, Kora HCTOUATCA 3anaci Kern (Scientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) OpaktanbHbiA pocT —_/Teonapd M. Candep Tipouece pocta 8 mpupoe MoxeT npisoaHtT® x OGpasORAMINo PACTOMZAlOULNXCR PaspeKEHHDIX CTPYKTYP, naaniwaemuix dpaxrasoubinn. Ha npuMepe Oatol 3 pasKoBHUHOcTeN @paxranbiioro Pocta MoxKO OGbACHHTS TAKHE HEMOXOAKHE (PUIHYECKHE AB/ICHHA, KaK OGPaIOBAaHHE KPHCTAILIOB M ABIDKEHHE BOSMYLINEIX YSEIPBKOB B AKHKOCTH (Scientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) Nunocomb! = Map J. Ocmpo ‘OTH ANTAHEIe KANcyNbt OTKPLIBAIOT HOBLIA NYT MOCTYMICHHA NeKaPCTB B NOPAKCHHBIC TKAHH, 3akM0- etitioe B TaKylo KaNcyny eKapCTREHNOE REUIECTBO HOCTUTHET CBOE MILIEHH B KONUEHTPHPOBAHHOM eae, 136exan pasGasnenna B KpOBH (Gecientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) Seoniouna pyHa Mauka J. Patdep Ceolictaa wiepeTHoro MOKPORA OBell M PaIBHTHE TEKCTUMbHOTO PeMecia TeCHO cBsIaHbI Mex:y CoGOM. Cenexuns open na npoTsoxeHin ThEAMeNETH NpHinera K NORBMIENHIO CORPEMeHHBIX THOR pyHa (Scientific American, January 1987, Vol. 256, No. 1) 06 astopax 50 4 100 ner Hasaq Hayka 1 o6wectso Haya soxpyr Hac SanuMatenbHEli KoMnbIOTep Kren BuGnuorpacnaSCIENTIFIC AMERICAN Harry Myers PUBLISHER Jonathan Piel EDITOR BOARD OF EDITORS Philip Morrison Armand Schwab, Jr Timothy Appenczeller John M.Benditt John Horgan, Jr David L. Cooke, Jt. ‘Ari W. Epstel Gregory R. Greenwell Robert Kunzig, James T.Rogers Ricki L. Rusting, Karen Wright ‘Samuel L Howard Richard Sasso Gerard Piel CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. ‘Georg-Dieter von Holtzbrinck © 1987 by Scientific American, Inc. Towapiiit sax Scientific American, ero Texcr # uipHiproBoe obopmacHNE ann mores HexMOsHTenHOR cOBCTBEIHOCTHO Scientific American, Ine. nenomsa0BaNbt 2ecb w cOOTBETETBMH {CAMUEIBUOHNBIM AOTOROPON. B MHPE HAYRH TAABHEIA PEDARTOP C.N.Kannya JAMECTHTETb 1ABHOTO PEAAKTOPA 11.B.lenenesa AyuNWE PEAAKTOPE S.E.Komanosa O.K-Kyapaeos T.A.Pymanyesa A.M.CuoTpos A.10. Kpackonesyes ANTEPATY PHMIE PEAAKTOPLL Flonoea M.B.Cypososa XYMOKECTBENHUA PEMAKTOP .a.Crynos, SAREAYIOMLAS PEAAKUMER T.A. Opanx-KameneuKas PYKONOAMTEsTb FPyIMbI @OTOHABOPA C.AanMos TEXHHMECKHA PEAAKTOP TLL UypKnna, Koppextor HA Basnnosa O@OPMENMEOBAOKKH PYCCKOTO NIIAHIR M.FKyKos WPHoTOBME PABOTS 8.B.Ecbumos APEC PEAAKUMHL 129820, Mocksa, FCN 118 Peowcxna nep., 2 TEAE@ON PEAAKINM 286.2588 © nepenoa wa pycexnt saan mobopsinenne, «Mup, 1987 Ha o6noxKe BUPYC Cnug Ha o6noxkke n100paxkent peTPoBMpyc NenOBEKA, BLIsbIsaIoUMMl CrpalLiHoe 3aG0NICBA- ue — cHHAPOM npHOOpeTeHHOrO HMMyHHOrO seduUNTA. ON HocHT HasBaHne <«KHA i HX porn B eperosopax N10 KoHTpomo Ham BOOPY- xxenntamn. Caflke — npogeccop reano- iw KonymGuiicxoro yunsepeurera; 8 Tevene 25 ner sanuaeTeR HaytteuteNt npo6nen: perucrpannn saepHbix B5pui- op. Bein aeHOM aMepMKaHCKOH stene- aint, npmMasuieh yuacTHe 8 noan- ccanmin'» Mocrve noronopa 06 orpanue- Hi NOENMHIX HEMBITAMUNL RZIEPHOTO opyxun (1974), B 1960 r. nonyana B MaccawycecKoM TexHosior4ecKOM i= crirryte crenen Saxartaspa W MarucT- pa, an 1964 r. (a KonymGuiickom yxn- epentrere) — eTenent» a0Ktopa ‘it10- comput. Hetneunnit oct B 3TOM yaw: epewrere sanmwaer ¢ 1968 r. Cafixe sec Gomsuioll axnax B Teopitio Texto- ‘uuu nai. B Hacrosuiee BpeMts aysaer aewmnerpscenuin_m Teonornwecxoit 06- cepoaropmn JTawont-llorepru Koays- Guntexoro yuuvepeuTera. Hosue Goin Hayuain cOTpyaNHKOM 9ToM AaGopa- ‘Topwi; w cenTAGpe npousoro roa ne- peuien paGorart Ha akyabTeT Hayk O Benne w Kocmoce Yimepenrera. ur. Heio-Hopx ® Cron-Bpyxe. B 1978 r nony'uin crenews Oaxanappa 8 Tipun- CTONCKOM yHuBepeuTeTe, a 8 1983 1. — renee aoxtopa duiocodin woGnactH reorpitsitks 8 MaccauyceTcKoM TexHon0- ruueckom wictrryre. Cneusaniupy- Te 8 wayveMN AebopMaUN KOPEt. Andrew P. Ingersoll (3HJIPIO I. HH- TEPCOJUI «flnaneta Ypann) — npo- deccop nuranerapasix Hayk B Kaaubop- uflexoM TextionoruseckKoM MHCTHTYTe. Banumaeter wyveHuem aTMocbepbt xauMara TuaWeT, Brepabie 3THMH NpoO- sleMaMm aauliTepecowarica etlle Ha 0- caeauem Kypce AwxepeTeKoro Kosuten- xa. Jaxon Taprapmcxuit ynusep- cure, rac nonywitn crenenn MarHeT- pa (1961 r.) u noxTopa gunocodmt (1965 r.). Murepconn cran yacranKom npoexta «Bosmxep-2» euie n0 neppoit BETpeH KOCMMYeCKOFO afnapaTa ¢ JOnutepom 8 1979 r. Kpowe Toro, npu- ‘MINA YuACTHe B MeCKOMBKHX MpOcKTAX lo NoneTy MexrMaHeTHbIx aBToMaTH- ueckiix cranunil «TInoviep», Ho ocoBex- Ho OH TOpANTCA yYacTHeM B MeKayHa- PomHom mpoexte «Beran, 8 KOTOpEIA OcHoBHOM Bx:as1 BHecmH yueNLIe CCCP, counaniicTHYecKX CTpaM, a TaKKe ‘Ppanunn, CIUA # pra apyrHx. Robert C. Gallo (POBEPT K. PAIO. ‘«Bupyccunapoma npoGpeteHHoro HN MyHHorO aeduuMTa») — PyxoBoaNTess aaGoparopun xneTouHoft Guororit onyxontef 8 HaunonamHom micTuTyTe paxa. Crenew Gaxaraspa nonyywt B Tposumenccxom xonnenxe (uit. Poa- Allien), cTeneH 0KTopa MeaHUMEDE —» 1963 r. B Meamussicxom xonnem«e Dbxetpepcona. C 1965 r. on corpyannx Hauwonansuoro wictutyra para. Pa- Gorm Tanno nocesuicnb! 8 ocHoBHOM PaKoBsiM saGonewanuam. Mirrepec x 3Tof TemaTuxe O6ycnopneH B 3HaWH- ‘Tenbuoll Mepe mevaztbatbinsn COBBITHAMIE ero xusun: Kora Panto Gsino 14 ner, y Hero Ha rnazax yMepna OF steliKo3a cecT- pa. leatemnocts Fanmo puecna Beco- ‘bili ska B HccmIenOBAHHR paxa. Oco- Goe suavenne HMeeT OTKDLITHE cBAIIt MeKAY PeTPOBHPYcAMH H HEKOTOPHIMIE paxosbimi 3aGosiesanunui NenoBeKa — efixosamit w auMbomann. B 1981 r. oF Bosr api HiceneaoBaTeabeKyio rpynny, NOCTaBHBUIYIO CBOeH Wem WayHEHHE cunapoma mpHoGpeTennoro HMMyHHO- ro aehmuirra; » 1984 r. unt Goin waeH- ‘THOMUNPOBAH BUPYC, BLISEIBALOMUIAITO saGoncrame. Tanna — naypeat MHo- THX npeMuil; BYACTHOCTH, B TeweHHe nO- cneaHHx 5 neT eMy nBarkabl NpHicyxaa- slack pens Jlackepa 3a nOcTIDKeHHA B oGnacTH MeamuiHcKHX HecnenoBannt James L. Gould, Peter_ Marler (DKEVMC 31. TYJ11, NMTEP MAP- JIEP «Hayyenne wa ocnose MHCTHHK- Tay) — coorserctaenHo mpodeccop Guostorm 8 FIpuncroucxom yaunepeH Tete M Mpodeccop sTonorus B Poxten- Aeposckom yxunepeutere. F'yna nony- Mua crenen» Gaxaaspa B OGnacTit MO- AexyaspHof Guonorm Kanndopann- KOM TexHONOTIMeCKOM HNCTHTYTe B 1970 r., a sarem, paGoran Ha auccep- ‘Tausell, saHuManca uccnenopannaMnt nopeneiia xuBOTHLIX. CremieHL 10KTO- a dusiocoduu nonywna 8 1975 1. 8 PoK- enneposckom yHuBepcutete. B TOM oke roay nloctyniin Ha paGory & Tipu croucKnf ynuwepenter. Xora ero oc- HOBHBIe uHTepecKt AEKAT B OGAaCTH KOMMYHNKALIH, HABHTANIH H HayNeHH y nven, Tyan wywaer Taxxxe spoxknen- Hoe onosHapanne y NTvu W nlonOBOM OT Gop y rynnu. Mapaep waysian GorasiKy B JloHaouckom yuusepcuTere, rac B 1948 r. ey Gsua npcysknena creneH Gaxanaspa, a 8 1952 r. — creneH n0- Kropa gunocodum. B 1954 r. on nony- Sa cerien. oxTopa duttoco*un B O6- sacri 3007 0rHH B KeMOpHarxcKOM yHtt- Bepcurete. Fpopa6otas zesarb seT B Kanmbopamficxom yunsepcntere n Bep- kan, on 8 1966 r. nepeuien w Poxpenne~ POBCKHA yuuBepcuTeT. B wacTomuee Bpema Mapsiep Way4aer KOMMYHHKALLIIO {y XUBOTHBIX B YHHBepCHTETCKOM WeHT- Penionessix niecnenosanufi 8 MusiGpyKe, urr, Heso-Hopx. Terry R. Penney, Desikan Bharathan (TEPPH_P. IEHHM, =ECHKAH BXAPATXAH «Queprus, wapnexae- Maa 113 OKeaHla») — ayporocmueckste mixexepbi, paGoraioute B Muctrryre connieunoft axepruu (SERI) 8 Fonacue, wr. Konopano. Tenui, sanuMarouniit OTAHOCTb ynpaBAAOULeTO OTMENOM B oTaenenun TepiKn, HocTynHA Ha pa. Gory 8 SERI » 1979 r., nocne sapepuie- MM HecnenoBaHUA aByxOaaHLIx NOTO- xon 2 Gausennuix oxnaantensx ¢ ecrecr- seHHoft Taroft w MuctuTyTe sneKrpuyec- oft 3Heprun. Oxonwwt Yunwepcurer Tapmo 8 1973 r., nonyun crenens Ga- kanaspa, 3arem nepewien » Yunnepen- Ter wr, Tenneccu, rae B 1975 r. emy Gbuna npucy:ksena crenews Maruictpa ® ‘oGnacrH moKeHepHOf mexaitiKit. PaGo- ‘Tas TawxKe mbxenepom 8 Arnold Engi- neering Development Center 8 Taanaxo- Me, wir. Tenseccn, yuacraya B npoexre Mo cosslaMMto BeTpoBOTO TyHNENR. bxa- Parxan poanaca » KymGaxonawe B Mit- -autu it yanutea 8 Viagutiicxon Texnosion Neckom HHcTHTYTe BMaapace. B 1976 r. nonyunia crenent 2oxtopa dinocodum & Buprinckom ynunepcutere. Yetbipe roaa Guin noueHToM-uccnenosarenem B Alaprmytexom Kosiemke, Tae wsywan npoGiemst Gesonacnoctn — sutepHoit omepretuxit. Tepeuien s SERI # 1980 r.; B HacTosulee BpeMs HccneayeT npobuIe My Henlonbsonanus Tena oKeana, Bxa- Parxan — conpencenatens rpyninst 110 ay¥eHIHO conHesHof 9Heprun oTaeNe- Hua Tentonepeaas H mpeoGpasoBarin oueprnt AMepuKaNcKOM mncTuTTyTe mibkeHepoB-xUMIIKOB. Leonard M. Cander (IEOHAPJL M. CAHZEP «bpaxtaabutifl poct») mposiin wiTepec x OpaxTasiam m HepaB- HonecHOMy pocty, Kora ctan ypne- aTbcA KOMMBIOTepHBIMH Hirpan. B Ha~ cTomuIce Bens saMIMaeTcR 9KcTepH- MenTanbHoF npoBepKoll HeKOTOpLIX No- O>keMul TeopHn TRepAoTO Tena H cTa- TuctuyecKon dysnKH. Yannea 8 Ba- uumurroucxom yuupepcutere Bp CenT- Slyuce; crenems aoxropa dunocobun oGnactH duaHKn Oouia npucyAuteHa ey 8 1969 r. » Kannopxuficxom yxuep- curere s Bepxau. Hocse toro # Teve- ine rona paGotan B Kamuopnuiiccom ynuinepcurere Can-Juero, cefluac om npodeccop diauKH Bp MusuranicKom yainwepeurere. Mare J. Ostro (MAPK 2K. OCTPO «JIunocomst») — suute-npesmaent, or BeTCTBEHHBIfI 3a HayHbIe HecNEOBAHHA, 8 bupme Liposome Company, Inc., co- TPYAHMKOM KOTOPOIl OH ABARETCA C Ce ‘ochionatiua. Crenent Gaxananpa 610n0- ruveckux Hayx nlonysnt B YumBepcuTe- ‘Te SIuxaft (Berzexem, wr. Tenens: us), cTenenb 2oKTOpa dusrocodin — (nponomxenne em. Hae. 108)O MOLIHOCTH COBETCKHX cTpaTerMueckux BOOpy2KeHHi OWeHKM MOWHOCTU COBeTCKUX CTpaTerMyecKkuXx BOOpyKeHKA ObiNV 3aBbIweHbi. [lepeCMOTP MOLJHOCTH AAePHbIX B3PbIBOB, npousBegeHHbix CoBeTcKum Coro30m, noKasbiBaeT, yTo CCCP crporo co6niogan ycnosua «[loporosoro» JoroBopa 06 OrpaHnyeHnn Nog_3zeMHbIxX AAEPHbIX UCNbITaHUN, CAepKUBaA TEM CaMbIM pasBUTHe CBONX CTpaTeruyeckux GoeronoBoK JMMHH P. CAMKC, 49H M. ABYC CITA, B uactuoctH 8 pbicuiNx B npanutrenscrocunsex xpyras, 37- nepawiocs Mpeacrannesite, ¥ro PaxpyuinTenuiias Mout» coneTcKoro crparermveckoro apcenasia sawitTenb- Ho npesbimiaeT Ty, KoTOpOR pacnonara- tor Coeanmenie Hirarst. Mpornenn- KM KONTponA Hal BOOpYxeHHAMN B CUIA yreepxaator, «ro CCCP yaaztocs, aoGuTsca 3TOTO npenMyulecTBa nyTeM McnlomsopaNus nasecK B COraMeHiAX NO KONTPOMO aA BOOPY:KEHHAMI, a BOSMOXHO, NOcPeMeTBOM MPAMOTO Ha- Dyulenna npenyeMmorpenusix uMn orpa- uuwennil, Tora xax CUA ctporo orpa- Humunann ce6a w 9Tolt o6mactH, mpnize- PxKUBARCH ECM He AYXA, TO GyKBEI COOT- BeTcTayIOUMNX ZoroBOpoB. AANuNUCT- pauns Pelirava, B vacTHocTH, yTBep>x- aiaet, #70 CCCP, Gonee 4em nepoxTHo, wapyuian «Toporosssii» Horosop 06 OFPAHHYCHHIE MORIENHBIX RIEPHBIX. He nprrawif. oropop 3ror npeayeMarpi- aet oGssaTeascra0 CCCP ut CIA ne ApowssoaUT. NoaseMMLIX NensITaNu AuePHOTO OpyAHA cBEILIE oMpeneneH- Hof MoulocTH. Mut npowspemm nepepacueT mouio- CTH OaseMMBIX ADEPHBIX B3pEIBOH, npowspenennbix ConercKnm Cotos0M ¢ enbio HeMbITaHUR suIepHOTO Opy>xis. OT KOMHTETA COBETCKHX YUEHBIX B3ALHTY MPA, MIPOTHB SJIEPHOM YTPO3Ei B obvumansnurx noicrynnennax socnno- nomuTvecknex pykouomreneh CLA, » ame- DURAHCKI HayMNDIX MyGRUKALIIRX TOcneR- UX A1eT MepeNKO BbAABHIFALOTER YTBEPKIE vist 0 npesosxoacrse CCCP m cysmapnon Mouwocrit atepHo-cTparersecKOro apcena- ‘ha, 0 Hexwx Hapytuennsx CCCP cymiectBy!o- lux coraamennh ro orpanus¥eniio aeptbax soopy>xewn. Tipu sTom sbi ucrionsaonann yeonep- ulencTBoBamMih MeToa — TOT, KOTO- poi npasurenscrso CIA npiisin0 AML B MPOUAOM Foy, XOTH O ero 96- eKTHBHOCTH BBICKAsbIBATTC’ MHOrHE CeficMonOrH Ha npoTwxeHHN npouen- ero accatunerus. Hau peaynutarst NoxasbiBaloT, 4TO MOUHOCTE NPoH3Be- nemmpix 6 CCCP noasemnbix anepanix B3PBIBOB NOCTORHHO 3aBLIWANACS KAK NPABHTEABCTBCHMDIMH, TAK H MeTpaBi Tembersenmuinn 3xcneptamm. Tlony- NeHHbte HaMM MeMbuiMe Bemtunitet MoUL- HOCTH B3PHIBOB MOKASKIBAIOT, 4TO BO- TEKH yTBepaeHNAM NpapitreNbcTBa CIA Conerckisit Coton He Mapyuian npenesa, npenyemorpennoro «Eloporo- shim» Horosopom. His nauisx onpeae- aenuit cneayer, #TO MOUIHOCTE HMEIO~ uunxea Ha Boopyxcexmit CCCP Goerom0- BOK TaKKE JABKILAAACE M_HTO B IpO- menue necaTuneTHe Mexay MByMa cacpxaepakapaMt dbaxTieckn mpeo6sa- mano cTpaternveckoe pasHopeciie nO yaapHoll cine. Bosiee Toro, to wauiuM binoAaM, coBeTcKHE Racpitbie Goero- AOBKH MeHee XbhexTHBHBI, 4eM AMEpH- avexue, T. ¢. oGnaaior ropassio MeHb- well BspHIBHOM MOMNOCTEIO Ha eaBHRLY accel. ‘CrenoparemHo, orpauuuenis, Hana- Tipennaracwax munaanunio aurarenelt (cTaTba apryMeHTupowanHo H AMO MOKA ‘Bact a6cOMOTHYIO HECOCTORTENILHOCTS ITH yTepacewuti. ABTOpL craTHt — ywenbie 1, CUA FI. Canxe w 1, Loon, nenomaya o- eflunyio MeTonanorito O6pAGOTRH celleNo- ‘AAHMBIX, NPHXODRT K BLIBORY O TOM, ¥TO B AMepHKANCKHX OllenkaX MoUMOCTH ‘cOBET- (CRIX REPHBIX RIpHIBOR TPANMINOHHO CCCP newsmenno cneaowan Gyxne w ayxy «Mloporosoroy Alorovopa 06 orpannvent MOMeMNIX HeNbITAHM H BEEK ANEH GIN ANTHPORATE B COOTRETCTBNH € HIM HCO 4 raemmie xax «Floporosim» Jloroso- POM, Tak H cornawieHuaMa 06 OCB, caepxnpann Cosetckuit Cols 8 Goms- turelt crenenu, vem CHIA B comnannt 1 paspepTaieanin paxer anepasimst Goe- FONOBKAMH BEICOKOH MOWIHOCTH. ITH pesymbTatig roRopaT 0 HeoGxonMMOCTH nepecMoTpeTh TY Pomb, KOTOPyI0 A0ro: ‘OPE! Tl KOHTPOIHO Hall BOOPY>KeHUAII urpamm W eule MOryT MrpaT B ops PovaHiM crparernweckoro pasiovectia Mexay ABYMA CrpaHaMit. ‘OTOBOP 06 orpaniieniit nem TaMHil RaepHOr OpyAxWA, OAM: Cannuit CIA CCCP (a taxxe Ben xo6pirrannieil. — Ped.) 1963 r., sanpe- llaeT AepHBIe BapEIBEI B aTMOc‘epe, KOEMHNeCKOM MpOCTPaHeTBE HOM BO- aof. Xora sror lorosop m npieen x YMeHBUIeHIIO PamNoaKTHBHOTO 3arpx3- HeHHs 6nociepEt, O# He OcTAHOBHA TOH- it aepHBIX BOOPY:KEHHA; OH sD «3a- Hai» ANepHIe BIPHIBLI NOM seMAIO. ‘Stu mpuBH opoxutator ceffeMiue- ‘ckHe Bommst, Pacnpoctpanmoumeca 8 3eMHOfi Kope H MaHTHN (OGBEMHBIe BO- MBI), a TaIOKE BAD.Ab FeMOF OBEPXHO- ‘CTH (NloBepxHOCTHBIe BOmHB!); HOITOMY CceficMONOTHUecKHE METOMS RBAMOTCH ‘OcHoBHBIM cpencTBOM KaK O6HApyKe- ‘raawiemienin OCB peaansaumo esoux erpa- “TerHVeCKHX NpOrpaN. Cheayer samevire, s10 Ourypupyroue 8 ‘crarve aammute mo Kriaccnnxauitn coveT= ‘CRI CrpaTernuecki BOOpYKeNI NOLeDI HYTHI MeKAIOWTEmMHO HD. IaNAAMBIX NETO winkos. Hix cno‘tsosanve mcrarbe, onNaKO, HocHT menoMorarensit, wamocrpaTne- LotR xapaktep M HuiKoN OGpAIOM He BANAT 1a npaKuvinwanbabte nisBoR aETOpOR, ApryMentposaniyio oueuky craTait eM. srascre «MTpanaa», 16 suwaps 1987 r. Skenepm Komumema A. A. Bacusoes© MOU|HOCTH COBETCKMX CTPATEFMYECKUX BOOPYKEH HR ULEPHBIX BSpHIBOB, TAK u OMpestese- wuz ux xapaxepuerink. Cefiemonorn MOTYT OTAMYATS TlONJeNHDIE AMEPHEIE BApAIBBI OT JeMsCTPACeHH, a TAKE ‘TOMHO OULeHHBATS MONMOCTE 2apRAOR. PaspaGoTka M wcmbrTaMie sitepHbix Goeronosox Hm cpesicTs Ux nOcTABKH Ocy- uiecranmotes 8 Conetcxom Coie 8 oGcTanoske Gonbuioh cexperHoctu. Aasmsie oTHocHTeMHO MoUIOCTH Apyryio cooTsercTayiouyio mubopma- ‘uo CCCP npeaan rnacnocru TossKo B BASH C HeMHOFOMNCREHHBIMM NOM3eM- MbIMW @MHIpHBIMH RAEPHEIMH BspbIBa- Mit», KOTOPBIC, O-BILINMOMY, He Obi ‘cBnsaxti c paspa6orKoR opyxna. OsNa- KO, cefleMMYeckHe BONNE OT suIEPHBIX Bapbis0s pacnpocrpanmorca Ha Gow ume paccTORHIIA, re WX MOryT 3aMe- ‘THT celtemorpadsi, Haxoamuinecs s1a- aeKo or Mecra s3ppisa. Taxnte celicmo- oruveckie AaHHBIe, a TaKKe MeTOAMKa OUEHKH MOUINOCTH sULEpHLAN wapLIBOR umpoxo aoctymit. PasMep ceflemuveckoro co6uiTHa, Gynb To anepueill papein HAH sexcteTPA- Cente, celicMosiorH OUEHHBAKOT MO LIKa- se Maraurtya. Maruurysta ceficmuyecxo- Fo coOsiTHa pasha norapwMy aMnn- ‘Tyibt Bo SBAHNIX HM CeTIEMMMECKIIX BO- 4H, HOPMMpOBAHHOMY, T.c. MpuBesteH- omy x GuxcuponamHomy paccroxno MeoKity HCTOUHIIKOM H CraMusefl Ha6m0- senna, B Haun pacteTax Mbt HeTIOsIs~ OBA Ape UIKANE! MarHITyR: OAHY, OC- opaniyio wa oGEcametx BomHAX Tura P (npononpunie — Ped.) u apyryio, ocHo- BaMHyiO HA MOBEPXHOCTHBIX BOMMAX. Ala ouenkn MowHOcTH Bapetna wate Bcero ncriombsylor P-BOAHBI, NOCKOMIBKY ‘OHH UMNpoKO perucTpupyioTes axe pH Bspsisax Manoft MoumocTH. Mar- ‘auTyza cama no ceGe eute He ykasbiBaeT ‘MouINOcTH anepHoro BspsiRa, OrKarit- Gpowarb MarHMTyiy Kak XapaKTepHcTH- XY RepHOTO 3apaa Mo>KHO TO MarHH- ‘TygaM, WGMepeHMbIM pH nomseMMEIX Bupbisax usBecrHoR MouiiocH. MMe~ forex onyGauKoBannbse AaHHBLe 0 MOUI- HOCTH MOJ3EMMBIX AUIEPHBIX BSPHIBOB B ‘miectH paliowax CIA n wa tore AsKH- a, rae @panuns nposena nonsexatsie aaepubie ucnbrranuts B 60-x ronax. Ecst MarHiTyAb OGKEMHLIX Hl MOBEpxHOCT- HbIX BOMH, 3aperHeTPHPOBANHEIX B:ITHX embrTanuax, rpaduueckw npeacTasiT ax ynxwitto norapndMa coorpercrsy- OUI HM MoMWHOCTefl, TO MOxHO O- CTPOHTe Kas6pOROUHYIO NPAMYIO (CM. PucyHox na c. 7 ). Kasaoce Gbi, np HanHuMH TaKOf IpsMoll MoskHO HemIOcpesICTBEHHO OUe- MTS MOUMOCTS MOASEMHEIX B3PHIBOB, npowsseaeuuiix 8 CCCP. Las 3roro OCTaTOUNO HaMepuTe MarHiTTYay Celie MMNECKHX BOM, OPOKMEHMDIX BSPBI- BOM, H 110 KasluGpoBOKHOMI NpAMOR Hall- 7H McxoMylo MoumwocT. OnHaKo Ha ApaKTHke BosMUKaIOT OCAOAHEHHR. Trasnoe 13 Hix saKmo¥aercs 8 TOM, NTO Ha cellcMmuecKHe BOAHLI BAMKET PASMHNNe TOKANLNLIX reosOrHMECKHX xapaxTepucTHK McmBITaTembuBIxX NOM ronos. ipyraa npoGnema — «emewast- Hoe» wos6y KeMHe ceflennueckiX Bom: ‘OHH mopoxnaioTeR coGcTBeHHO B3pEI- BOM M OcBOGOXKTEHHEM ecTeCTBCHHLIX TeKTOHNYECKHX HaNpwKENHIL 8 OKPECT- HOCTH OA3eMHOTO B3pBIBa BO BpeMA usin cpasy nocne aerowaumn. Haxonen, cnenyer yaNTsisars, 470 Ha aMIVINTYAY SonH P BrusIoT TeMnepaTypbi B HIOKHER wacTH 3eMHOR KOPAI HB BepxHeM MaH- THM. (OBETCKMI COW npowsBoaun 1e- BITAHMH RAePHOTO OPYAHK B TPEX ‘OcHOBHEIX PaflOHax: OANA 13 HILX HAXO- awtea ® BocTouHoM Kasaxcrave, Hena- ‘exo oT ropona CemmnanaTiicka, a nBa Apyrix — na apeTH¥eckom ocTpoBe Ho- baa 3emns. B CLA nexoropsie nomse- MBle MeMBITaHWA NpOBOLNTCA Ha sia.te~ KoM ocTpoBe AMuliTKa (AmeyTeKan OcT- Posiian wen), omHaKo Gomuumucrso B3pHBOB Mpopeaendi B Gosiee aocTyn- HOM MecTe — Ha HcnBITaTembHOM nomi rowe 8 uirate Heeana. Oxasninaetea, 4 KanMGposounnie uIKaMIMI AN MepecueTa MarHHTTYmbI MO ePXHOCTHEIX BONE B HOTApHM MOUIHO- (CTH B3psiva Mato sapvesT OT THNAa TO- Ponti 8 paflove sspbipa, — ecaw 9TO He cyXOH nopucTeiii anmonutt, Cyxoll an- tobi — 970 OTAOXeNtHA B OCHOBHOM necka # rpasiia ¢ GoasulM KonMMecT- 80M nycroT. MarHityabi KaK MoBepx- HOCTHLIX, TAK H OGREMHLIX BOSH, 1O- POKICHHLIX BSPLIBOM B CYXOM alLaO- BHI, Mesbile YeM pH BIPBIEAX B-TREP- ‘ABIX Oponax HAI HIDKE yPoBHA TpyHtTO- BbIX BO, MOCKONBKY 3HaMHTenbuae act 3HeprHn B3pbiBa pacxomyeTcR Ha 3axpbiTue nycTor. Ha wenprrarenpueix nonurowax 8 Co- serexom Cotose TomumHa ornoxcanit ANmioBHA cnHUIKOM Mama, 4TO6EI OCy- UIECTBARTS WeHKOM B TIpemenax aasi0- BHR NOAJeMHEIe BapLIBLI cHLIbHEC He- CKOMBKHX KHAOTOHH (kHNOTONHA — 3TO auepria Bapsisa 1000 TORK TpaMHTpo- Toayona). Tlostomy aaa onpenenenus MOWIHOCTH B3PBIBOB, MPONSBOAHMEIX 8 Copercxom Cotose, MoKHO HcTIOMb30- BaTh MPHMCHUMYiO TONTH YslMRepcanb- Mo KannGposounyio KpHByto alia MarHH- ‘TyMb MOBEPXHOCTHDIX BORK. Celfomtueckne curiam, BbtBaHit BHICBOGOANEHHEM TeKTOHHYECKHX. Ha- psxentl, patiee HecKOnbKO sanyTsIBa- AM HaeHTH>UKAINO cHTHAIOB OT BPEI- CCemmnanarancx, noniroi 8 BOCTOUNOM BB KABAXCTAHE TMABHBIE NONMTOHbI, re CosercxnA Cows npomssoquT nogsemnbie ucneiTaHnA RepHOro opyrxnA, — sT0 apxnnenar Hogan Seana (8 ABYX PASNMHbIX MeCTAX) 4 Bocrounbi Kasaxcran, BOnv3M ropona CemnnanaTHHcKa. XOTA CaMble MOWHBIE AREPHbIe BSpbIBbI NPOwsseneHbI Ha NonMronax Ha HOsOA Semne, COnbUMHCTBO MC- NbITaHUs NpoBeREHO Ha KasaxcTaHcKOM nonurove. Bap! AAepHEIK YCTPOACTE, He MMe|OuMe OTHOUEHMA K paspa5oTKe OPY>KHA, OCYWMECTENAETCR TAKKE MB APYTHX panionax CCCP.[4400 KT, CAMBIA MOU ROBIEMHEIA FAEPHBIA B3PbIB 450 KT, APEREN an Leorosoro» | worosora ‘58000 KT, CAMbIM MOMHEI ADEPHbIA BSPEIB B ATMOCOEPE yok, MOUHOCTS GOMBE!, CEPOWEHHOW HA XAPOCHMY B MMPE HAYKM-1987/N? 3 OTHOCHTENbHAR MOUHOCTE sapaga, unk sHeprva sspbis08, 8 pasnuulbix aAep- Heix yCrporicreax npegcTasnexa 8 Buje napannenenunepos, OO weM KOTOPEIK NpO- Mopywonanen MowHOcTH sapaaa. Ha AMarpaMMe MpeACTaBnensi 2apApLi CAMbIx MoUupisix AREPHbIX YCTPOACTB, KOrAa-nH6O BI0pBAHHEIX 8 aTMocchepe (B 1961 F. Co- BeToKnM Cows0M) 4 nop seMnen (8 1971 r. CUA), a TaKoKe MOMHOCTS B 150 KT, NpeAY- emoTpennan oroBopoM 06 orpaieHin NOASEMHBIX VICMbITAHAA AAePHOrO Opy- >xisa («floporostim» floroBopoM), 4 MOWHOCT» ATOMHOA GOMBE!, COPOWHHON Ha Xi ochMmy B 1945 r. (1 KT 3kaMBaneHTHa MOWMOCTH BspeiBa 1000 T TpHHUTpoTONyoNa) BoB, oHaKo COBPeMeHHBIe aHANHTHYE- cKHe MeToms NosBongioT pasaenuTs NOBEPXHOCTHDIE BONHBI OT THX aBYX crownuKon. Bo Bcakom cnywae mbicno- Goxkncie TeKTORHYECKHX HaNpRACKHIL Me cyulecTBeHHO ycmOHAeT cHrHaNBI or ssprisos Henane wan AMunTKe 8 CIIA nan Ha Hopoit Benne » CCCP. Snech 160 ecrecTBeHuste TeKTOHIYE- CKHE HaNpsOKeHA HeBesMKE JUTE 2Ke CHT Han OT ux BBicBoGoxAeHHA ApeHeGpe- 2KUMO MAIO BAWRET Ha MAFHHTYAB TIO BepXHOCTHIX BOM, ecm OHH YepeAHe- Mbt 10 aHHbIM cTaMul 2:18 PAsHbIx TO- ex Seman. B pocTownom Kazaxcrane ecTecTBEHHBIe HANpAXEHHS OpHEHTHPO- aH TAK, 4TO CUTHaM OT HX BbICBOGOXK- DICHWA HesIKIR HCKIIONHT YcpeaHienHeM Marmutya. Tip pbiwicnenun Mouuto- CTH B5ps1BOB 5 9TOM Pallone Mo NOBEPX- HOCTHBIM ROJIHAM MBI BHOCHAH TOmpaE KH Ha TeKTOHMUeCKOe BhICROBOANEHNE. PH pappinax 8 TBepmbIx nloposax, HanpuMep 8 rpanitte, aMmmTyaa P-zonm oOsiuHo 8 1,5—2 pasa sniuuic, em 1pit B3pbiBax B MAKOR Nopone, Ha MpMMep B BysKaHYecKOM Tye Mra auctoM cnanue. Tostomy Tn nopoabt B TOM paflone, rae HenbITbIBaeTCA AuLeP- Hoe opyskHe, ABIIRETCR RADKHEIM bakTO- POM B OMeHKe MOMIHOCTH B3pKIROB NO ‘MarmuTynaMm oGsemmbix Bonn. meio uMeoa FeonorMueckHe aHHIe NOsBOMR- JoT npennonoxwT®, YTo 118 Gomurelt NacTH B3psinop B BocrouHoM Kasaxcra- He MlOAXOAHT KanNGpoBouNaR KpuBAR Ana Teepatix nopon. 370 mpennonoxKe- Me myamie Bcero nposepeTs myTeM CpasiicHin MoumocTe B3pEIBOB, onpe- AHeneHHbIx NO MOBEPXHOCTHBIM H OGBEM- HbIM BonnaM npn BapbiBax B Kasaxcta~ Me MouwmocTsio 150 xT. OGe marusTy- As AaloT NPUMEpHO OnHHAKOBLIE Mou woctH. Zax Hovolt 3emsim, rae Copercxuit Co1w2 mpowmoawn caMbie cHMbHBIE TOMSeMHBIe AEPHbIE BIPLIBLI, HX MOLI HOCTb MOXKHO MloacHHtTATE 10 KARHGPO- BONHOM xpuBO!, MOcTPoeHHON To Mar- HHTy2aM OBBEMHBIX BOK NpM-aMepEI- KaHCKWX 1eDHBIX BSPBIBAX MOLIMOCTLIO Heckombxo mbiuie 200 xT. Taxwe moui- BIE BSpLIBEI, HTOGBI He BUITITH Ha O- BEPXHOCTS, AOMDKHBI MPOH3BOANTECA Ha ray6une S00—2000 m. Tloponst na ta- kx raiyGuttax, Kax mpasiii0, HacBruteH st BOAOA, OHM NpoMHee M_He MeHee NOpH- eTbie, HeM noponbt Ha Menburell ry6H- ne. Stumu daxTopann OGBACHAETCA TO, uTo P-ROAHBI OT MOUIKBIX BapBIBOB Ha Gommumx rayGunax onusakonst Hesani- HMO OT Toro, Fe NpOHSBe:teHB! BIPHI- ent — 8 Hepae rin na Hopoit Jenne; ‘TpeGyerca TOMBKO BHeCTH HONpaBKH Ha aaryxanue. Ouenka mowwoctH sapan08 © no- MOULbIO OGBEMHBIX BOTH MMeeT CyMIECT- BeHMBIfi HedocTaTOK: MorstoULeHNe H 3a TyxanHe st P-pomm ciutbiiee, eM U1 OBEPXHOCTHBIX BONH, H 3abNCHT OT Temneparypsl Ha ray6une or 25 n0 150 xm nos noaHronom. Menurratent Mui nomron 8 Hesae, nocrasasio- unt GSmbuyIO acre NopMaunH o MouLHOcTH szlepMbix 3apasIoB, HaxomIT- c# B palove, B KOTOPOM HME MecTO xpynusiti reosiornyecknit Initsoa neop- Maitun 4 Harpesania nopon 3a npouien- WME HecKONBKO MitHOHOB net. TTo> ‘Tomy [MPH pasHOM sulepHOM YapAlte. — Ped.] P-nosiust oF nonseMutt1x B3piin08 8 irate Hepana saTyxaior cumbuee, a Marmitybt OGweMMBIx Bom GyayT MeHbue, 4eM y P-BonH oT Bapsivo Ha Aweurrke, ® evrpansxon Asin tt wa Hosoit 3entne, T. . w pailonax, xoTopsie He Moapepramict reonormieckH neja- vemy narpeey. Eci icnomssoBar® ai- bie cooTHouleHMM P-ponH % MouLHO- cru sspsivon » Hevane ana ouewxs MOUIHOCTH s1epHEIX RIPHIBOR Ha TepPH- ‘Topun Conercoro Cowra (im Ke [B9PLIBOB B APYTHX pervoHax ¢ MAEM SaTyxaniem, HanpuMep & AnuTKe) 6e3 nOnpaskn Ha 3TOT BaxKHBIM IpcexT, TO ‘ApANM OKAKYTCR JABBILIEHHEINE B2— 4 pasa. BnoT» 0 npoutnoro roma 2Kc- neprst npasiremcTsa CLA we yunTst- ann AOsKHLIM O6paz0M 9TOT pmpexT B (CBONX HowtcHeTAX MOUHOCTH COBETCKHX. {DIEPHEIX BAPHIBOR. ‘CTONb3YA nomAHEIM OGpasOM (cnpamsienubie —KamH6ponownnie PUBIC, MBI MlomcwHTam MouiHocTH BCEX HBBECTHBIX NOMIEMHEIX AUIEPHEIX B3pbiB0B, mponeentix CopercKun Cotosom, sarem Mut paccMorpemt BO- Mpoc, aeficrsurenbuo mu CCCP Hapy- ula, Kax yTBepoxnaeT npasiTenscTso CUIA, «Toporoseiti» Horosop. Stor Zorosop (a0 cux nop He paruduumpo- saunesi CIA) ycranasmimaet mpe- aenbisifl sapam 150 KT asia nonsesnsix HenbrTanutfl azepHoro opysKata. OH TaK- 2ke Bkmowaer TIpoToKon, nonoxenin KoToporo clocoScrByloT npoBepKe co6- monenus Jlorosopa nytem neramisa- UMM OBMeHHBAeMBIX TEXHMECKHX JAH MbIX H YkavaHNA pallonoB, Te MOKHO npososuirs uensiTaiss. Haum pesymstarst noxaastpaior, YTO wawmaa c 31 Mapta 1976 r. (aa- Ta scTynnenua 8 city «floporosoron Horosopa) um ommH Hs Bspbisos He Men MOUIKOCTS, BHO MpeBEItatOULy1O 150 xr, xoTs cems B3pbiBoB (Bce Ha no- smrone 8 Kazaxcrane) Guin ovens Gnusxn x sTomy npeneny. Cnenosarenb- Ho, 3annnenua, 6yzTo Conercxun Co1os napyuraet «Floporonsitt» Jorosop, we‘© MOWHOCTI HMeIOT non cOGOR Kaxoll-2nGo May4noft ocuopst. To Hauim moncyeTam Mou NOCTE HeKOTOPLIX H CeMM ynoMsMYTBIX mapbibop ObuIa Ha HecKOMBKO MpoueH- ‘Tos Bete 150 KT, a MOUIHOCTS ApyrNx —neckombxo minke 150 Kr. B-Tpex cny- asx, Kora WIMepwINeD MarMuTyabl ak OGBEMHBIX, TAK H MOBEPXHOCTHBIX BOnH, MoUINOCTE BspsiEa nonywanach Neckomsxo Bute 150 KT NO OAKOM Mal HITTYMe M HeCKONEKO HIDKe NO Apyroft. Taxoro packoxnenns BnoaKe MoxHO OKNAGTS 3-12 TIOTPEUIHOCTH HMepe- uli; coenoBaTesbHo, HMeIOUMNeCR aH Ble cOoTBeTCTBYIOT NpeANonOxKeHItIO, TO CeMb caMBIX MOUIMBIX BIPLIBOB UME- JIM OMMHaKOBYIO MOIIHOCTb, OCH Gawaxyto K 150 xr. C apyron cropouni, Heneax HICKIIO- NWT BOIMOKHOCTS Toro, ¥TO Mou HOCTb HOrO HAM By TOA3eMHBIX epHLIX BapbiBOB, NpoHsBeneHHEIx Co- nercKum Cowr0M HayHnax ¢ 1976 r. Mpessicisia npeaen Ha HecKOMKo MpO- uewTos. BO BcaKOM cnywae 3a 3TOT 2Ke nepwoa CIA ssopean pan snepi apa208, MOUINOCTS KOTOpEIX FpaHiN- sia € mipenesioM, mpeaycMoTpeHHLIM «Floporossim» Jlorosopom. Jleficran- ‘TenbHO, MOUIHOCTE TPeX MpousseneH- unix CIA nspsipop 110 ceftemmuecxim ‘aHHLIM Heckonbxo npesbiutaeT 150 xT. Bepostuo, 470 9Ti oueHKH sanbIuieHts! ‘BcneacTane norpeumocTeh w cefle mune KIX IAMEPEHIX; HX ORHNX HENOCTA- TONHO, 4TOGH HCKMIONNTS BOsMOM- HOCTS HesHAMNTENBHOTO MpeBbIweHHA nopora mpi aMepixancxHx B9psipax. B TOM CASH BeCbMa MeAByCMBICiICHHO BUIFARAMT NoKasaHMe B KOMEPecce Oui ‘ero aupexropa Jloc-AnamoccKof s1a- Goparopun JI. Keppa. Ox saxsua, ro BoeHoe sHavenHe Mors Gpt uMeT ‘TOSILKO BSPLIBLI AilePHOTO OPYARUR C 3a pa0M sapoe Gombuie 150 xT. Ecam crpynnuposars nto ouenxam MOUIHOCTH Bce 3aperucTpupoRaHHble NOMeMHBie BIPLIBLI, TO OGHaPyKUBA- ‘TCH HHTepectiaK KapTHHa (CM. PHCYHOK ua c. 8). C 1963 r., koraa peTymi7 B cu- ay Jlorosop 06 orpanuvenmit onsrTa- Mul saepHoro OpyxxuA, M20 1976 koraa nctyniia p cuny «Floporomusit Tlorovop, Conerckiit Covs, suaumo, Tupennowwran noazeMasie vcneITaHHA Gompuioh mousioctu: $00, 1000 1 2000 xr. (Mouiocts conercxux aep- pix GoeronoBoK OGLINHO BLIparKactcA pyri auicaoM, nockonuxy 8 CCCP pwuara — Merpwweckan —_cHcTeMa. eauuuu.) Bee 9TH ucnerTana opyxKHs Gomuiot MoumocT# npoHsBomunNcs Ha HoBof 3emae. B ToT xe nepuon Grito BHO MAIO BSDHIBOB B NHTepBacIe MOLI nocreit or 150 xr 20 4yT» Meee 400 xr. B aro xe npema Copercxst Co1os npax- ‘THKOBAM MHOTONCEHMBIE MeNBITAMHA Japon MouwiocrbIo npuvepHo 18 Kr. Cxopee ncero, oH HenBITHIBAN papBiEa- Tem, Herlomsyiouune Peakiutio pacria- WWW. SCIAM-MAGAZIN MATHMITYAA NOBEPXHOCTHOM BONHb| sl rer be 1 9 "00 000 10000 MOHOCTS B3PbIBA, KT 7 2 4 $ g & 8 8 < € e zs g = Le bitin basin pti 0 100 000 MOUHOCTE B3PBIBA, KT KANIMBPOBOUHBIE NMHMNM, cooTHocauMe MarkuTyAY ABYX THNoB CeFICMMUECKHX BONH ¢ MOMHOCTENO NOAZeMHOrO RACPHOTO EapbiBa. STU NAH4K MOMKHO NOCTPOMTE NO TOUKAM, COOTBETCTEYIOMWM NOASEMHGIM BIPLIEAM MOBOCTHOM MOWMOCTM, NPOMsBe- AeHHbim 8 CWA (¥epHbie To¥KH), CCCP (yBeTHeIe To¥KH) v AnxKpe (cepble TOUKH). Ans nowepxhocTHbix BOnH, PACNPOCTPAHROWWAXcA B BEPXHEA YACTH SeMHOA KOPLI, Ronywaercr nourn yHnBepcanbHan KanMOpOBONHaA NMHM (BaepxY) ANA BCerO AMA: ‘laa0Ha MOWHOCTeR, NOCKONBKY Ha 3TH BONMB! Mano BNMsIOT reonorMueckHe OCOeH- HOCTH panowaucnsiraHii. MarHiTyAbl OO eMHEIX BONM ANA BSPLIEOB B TBEPAOA NO pope (exnay) HaxogaTcn no amnnurype P-sonk — ceficMHMeCKHix BONH CKATHA, PAC- NpOCTPaHAIOWAKCA Yepes MaHTIMIO M Kopy SeMni. KanHOPOBOUHBIE NMAMM NOCTPOE- HI NONPABKOR Ha OTH M APYTHE ABNEHMA, MCKAXKAIOUIMe CHTHAN, M MOTYT OBITS MC- AONBAORAHKI ANF OUSHKH MOUHOCTH BApkIBOR B BOCTONHOM KaaaxcTaHe. GONbAH- TBO peayneTaToR waMePeHNA, HCNONBSOBANHEIX ANA NOCTPOEHUA oTHx rpaAcbuKoB, npeacrasnenti M1. J]. Mapwannom va MuHncTepcrea OSopons! BennKoOpnrann, a Tawxe 2. fl. Cnpmlirepom 1 X.K. PORMHOM Hs MIMBepMOPCKOA Ha4WOHANHOR Naoo- paTopnu um. Hloypexca.B MMPE HAYKM: 1987/N? 3 SABTYCTA 1963. — 31 MAPTA 1976 r. OTHOCHTENBHOE 4MCTO BIPLIBOB or 02 We te MCNbITAHUA ADEPHOFO OPYDKUA 8 CCCP sameTHo usMe- unc nocne 31 Mapra 1976 r., Korga scTynun 8 ciny «fopo- obi floroBop. Jo sToro (vepHan KonBaR) MOWHOCTD KPYN- HbIx SepHbix B3pbIBO8 rpynniuposanact BoKPyr sHayeHHAA 500, 1000 u 2000 kr. AHI MK OKONO 18 KT, BepORTHO, caRsaH MACTBIMH MCNEITAMAAMM aTOMHIX 83P! RpepHbIx OoeronosoK ropesxo GonbweA MoWHOCTH. Noche ga, 4706s BBIsBaTs ropaza0 Gonee MOUIHYIO PeaKUMIO cHHTesa B TepMox AlepHoM opy:xkuit. Bspbisst MoUIMOCTHIO ‘v mpenenax 25—70 kr, BepoxTHo, Grist HosmoMacWsTaGHBIMH — MeTIITAHMAIMAE GoeronosoK HeGomwof woumlocTH u nenonMoMacurraGuMIMG HembITaNHaML opyxux Gonbutefl MOULMOCTH. Co spemenn actynmenva B cuay «Tlo- poronoro» Horosopa Conercxuit Co1oa mposoaws ropasio Goabule nenbrraHnh B npenenax 25—75 KT; BepoRTHO, 370 Guina xomGunaiia roaHoMacusTa6us 4M HeniomHOMacurraGubix wcnbITal Moumoct suawrrensioft wacTH sutep- HOFO Opy:kIIA, BKMOVAR TO, 4TO Ha NOM BOAMBIX HlonKax, Menbuie 150 KT, OmMa- 0, OPY2KHe, HeTITBIBABUICECA MOA 3eM- nell 20 1976 r., wacTo HMes10 MOULHOCTE canime 150 Kr. B cury «Floporosoro» Jorosopa nu CIA, uu CCCP ne npo- Mynonst noaNoMacurraGuntx wemBiTa- uh Goeros0s0x MouIHocTHI0 Gosiee 150 xr sor yxxe Gone 11 ner. ‘OETOJIOBKH Gonbuiof MouHo- jeri, neposTHo, GyayT NepeHocHTECR erparernucckunan cpeaeTsaMn aocral KM, cnocoGHBIMH nOCTHTaTE Uenefl Ha ‘Tepputopun CIA, ctapronan ¢ Mect cwoero pasmemtenux. K Taxus cpeact- BM OTHOCATCR MeKKOWTHHEHTaITBHBIE Gananetnyeckne paxetsi (MBP), Garin (cTieckie paxeTBI, 3amyckaeMDie ¢ nos 5 0 20 oO MOUHOCTE B3PBIBA, KT wTene ANA TepMo- Boawbix TonoK (BPITI), # GonGapan- POBUINKH namuero nelicTaua, Ocwaultes- ble KPBUIATSIMH paxeTaMM Hus paxeTa- Mit Masioll ambHocTH Knacca «Boaa—yx — seni». Slaepaan rosi0BKa MBP 10- cTaBMaeTeA K Yes B ronOBHOM YacTH axes, JaMINUIaOUIel ee OT cBepxBEI- COKIX TeMIlepaTyp MIpH BxOMe PaKeTst & mioTHBIe com aTMoctepst. HeKoro- he paxeTsi (aknIovaK Te, KOTOpHIe 6bI- 1M paabepHyTs! 20 Konua 60-x roaos) MMeIoT TOMbKO O”IHY TONOBHYO YacTh, Apyrue — ape ua TpH, KoTOpste nepeat BSPHIBOM pasuienmMoTCH, NOpaKan TEM camuim Gonbuyio TeppuTopio. Hme- wore Taxxke cTpaTeruueckite paxeTbr, ‘cnocoGnnie HecTH a0 14 pasaenmoulux- (ca TOOBHLAX wacTefl HNANBHAYANbHOTO wapenenus. Kaxkaan rononnaa wacTs 1 AMBHAYAIDHOTO MaBeneHNR — MOxeT Gui HanpasieHa Ha ompeteneHHy!o en, noone HemaNiTembHoro WaMEHeHIS GanamcTH¥ecKoR TpacKTopum pasaeax- youiero yerpoficrsa, Ha KoTOpOM ros10B- ute wacTH pEIBOAATEH B KOCMOC. 3a6pa- cbisaeMan Macca paxeTsi BkIOWaeT Maccy GocronosKH, nOxMEIX weneft paanensioutero yerpoticrsa. Alas onpentesienns Mouuocrit Goero- AOBKH aHHOMt paxeTst HeoGxoaHMO MMeTb npetcTapnenue 0 ee sa6pactisae- Molt Macce. Mexay 9THMH nBYMa Bez NunaMH MOKET OBIT BbIBeMeHA NpH- ‘MepHo suneliHaa 2aBHCHMOCT», BO MHO- 100 1 AMIPENA 1976 F. — 31 MOM 1986 F mo 800 ~~«1c 200) 5.000 InpMarin goroBopa (yBerHas KpHeas) ConeTcKA Cows 8 potmeonononvocre yreeprennm npasirenwcrsa CWA fin pasy He nponaeORUN WCREITAHNA RAPPHOTO OPYPRUR, MOL: Hor’ KoToporo saMerHo MpeBbicuna Ob! 150 xT. OUeHKH MOM Hocth Bcex nflepHiix BapbiB0s He niMueHb! NorpeUHOCTH, HaM- Monee TONHBIMM RONAIOTCR flaHHbIe CTHOCHTENGHO BIPLIEOE RO 5 KT nYHRTUDHAR HHA). TOM nlono6Hiaa Tofl, ¢ NoMouIbio KOTO Poll Mui onpenessanH MOUIHOCT Hem ‘ToIBAeMOTO AAIEPHOTO OPYAKHA NO war- HitTysIaM celtcnmtueckHx Bost. OnHaKo 8 ‘AaHHOM cayuae HMEeTeR cyulecTBEHHOC Pasnuune, OTHouenne MouutocTH Goe- TonOBKH K 2aGpackiBaeMofl Macce paKke- ‘Tuto Mepe yconepuuencTBOBaME RAlep- ‘uaix Goenpunacob it KONCTPYKLIH rOno- oft uacTH paxeTit nocTerteHHo pocno. Mouinocts anepixanicxix Goerono- BOK Tipit AaHHOM 3a6pacuiBaeMon Mace sospactana B cpenvem npunmepHo ita 48% TOM ANA paxer c MOHOGIONHOM ronOB HoH WacTbIO H Ha 5% auIR paKeT ¢ par ACNSIOUINNGICR FOSIOBHBIMH aCTSMI (PLY). Tipu suecen nonpasox, yun- ‘TorBalOUUNX 3TH HMeHEHIA MOWINOCTH B ‘Tewenme roa, Hlony¥aeTeR npocTas AM- Hefinaa 3apiicHMocTs, xopowio cornacy- soulascs c mINpOKO AOCTYMHBIMH AHH Mi Is AMepUKANICKHX PaKeT (CM. PHICY- Hox Hac. 11). Ecaw norapugM Moumoern Goero- OBKH MpeacraBHTk Kax GyHKIUAO Ora Puchaa saGpaceipaemoll Maccei, MpHXO- aautelicn Ha onMy Goerontonky paxeTst, To TO¥KH pacnpeensorer BAOML A MH ¢ yrTOBBIM KoIbgMUNERTOM, PAB mui I(T. e. Bomb MINIM, CocTABIIAO- ulell ¢ TOpHaONTAMbHOH OcbIO yron B 45°), mpi ycs1opiit, NTO Macca ronoBHOH acTH nponopunonambwa ee MOUINOCTH. Onnaxo 8 nelictaiTemsuocTH MiorHeSCIAM-MAGAZIN © MOUHOCTH COBETCKMX CTPATEFMYECKUX BOOPYDKEHMIA 9 KOMMoHeHTEE paxeTs He MPonopuito- abut MoumocTH. Hanpamep, pasmep «aepnoro» samasia TepMoRsEpHEIX Go- eroulOvoK OcTaeTeR NPUMePHO OAHHM 1 ‘Tee 2ke HesaHNCHMO OT MoUIHOCTH Goe- ronosox. TosToMy munefinian sasnen- Moctb, npencTasnarouian co6of OTHO- ureHe MoutHocTH GoeronoBKH K 3a6pa- chiBaeMoil Mace paxerst, GyneT uMeTD GonbUMA yrionolt KoxduunenT. Ito omavaet, To GoerostosKH aMHOn MOUIHOCTH HMeIOT MeHBUYIO Maccy oO cpapiiensto ¢ aByMs GoeronosKamn 8 ‘ga paza Mesuute MoumocTu. 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UTo- Gui onpenemnTs, B KaKof Mepe «Flopo- ropsii» florosop orpansumsaer ConeT- cxutit Coro paspaGorke m passepTet- BaHIHH CBOMX CTPATErHNeCKHX BOOPY>KE- nil (B otaaHe OT TakTHUECKOrO Opy- ky WUIM auIepHOTO OPYARMA MALTON sa HOCTH), MBI COcpeAOTONHA CBOE BHN- Mane Ha HcMMTaHHaX Opyxus, MOU HocTs KOTOpOTO pawia HK NpeBLIUIAeT 100 xr. STH ucrBITAMHA, BePORTHO, #1 agioTes HenonHoMacurraGubiMM HcII- ‘TanuiaMn GocronoBOK AR ctpaTerHse- ku cpeneTs nocTaBKH. ‘Onnako 3nect Mut Crankumacen c TpyaMocTbIo cHemyroULero XapaKTepa: Kak MOKHO MOCTPOHTS sHArpaMMy cO- OTHOUIeHHs Mexay MouiHOCTBIO Goero~ S1OBOK MH JaGpacuinaeMolt Maccoh co- BETCKNX pakeT B OTCYTCTRNE naHHb! OTHOCHTENbHO MoUIHOCTH copeTCKHX Gocrononox? (Xora umcioren ony6mn- KOBaNHBIe OEHKH MOLLNOCTH COBETCKUX Gocronosox, Mbt He cra OGpamiaTscs K aaHHbIM, KOTOPLIe, CKOPee BECTO, Fi AMOTCH HeTOMHBIMM,) BLIXOAOM B saN- HOM ciywae MOET CAy'AUTE TIpeATONO- xxenne, NTO KpyMINeHiMIMe wemITANKR ‘anepHoro opyxxus, npousBeneniBte Co- erckum CotosoM 3a niepHon ¢ 1963 no 1976 r., Ginn nonHoMacusraGueine. Tor gakr, wo Tora euie He cymiecTBO- ‘allo OrpaHWeHH Ha MOLINOCT R3pBi- B08, KoTOpoe npeayemarpuBaeT_ «Flo- porobifi» Llorosop, rosopuit 06 o60- CHoBaHMOCTH HauLeTo MpenonOXeHR. Ono noateepxKnaeTtes ete M TEM, TO B To XX€ BPeMA NPOHSBOAUTHCE HeOAHO- KPATHBIE HCTIBITAHMS SNepHOTO OPYAUA SIMUL HECKOMKHX THNIOB, OTAMHAIO- utxes no cBoen MouutocTH. CoweTeKHn CoWos He MoxeT NPONSBOAITE BIPHIBLE MoutnocTito Gone 150 Kt » Kaxaxcta- He, Mockonbky ceficwmueckHe BorMbt, BbISBANHBIC TAKNMMH BSpLInaML, MOFyT MPHMHHNTE MOBPEKACHHR HaseMHBIM coopyxenuaM. TosTomy on Obi Bbi- nyse NPoHSBOATE nomNOMacuITAS- bie HcnbrTaMnia aaepHoro crpareruue- CkOrO opyKua GonbiLloh MouIHocTH Wa Hosoit 3emsie, rae noroamie yenois Ht yaaneHHocTs nonuroHa no3Bonmor npousBoaHTs He Gosiee OHOTO-ByX He nbiranuit a roa. B pewlenu wausell saan Met TaKmKe NeniOMEI0RAT —KOPPEAAUMIO —_MeKily MOUMOCTBIO HeMbITEIBAeMOFO RnepHO- To opyKHA H TeMMaMH PAaHEPTEIBAHH HOBLIX cTpaTerMucckix cuctem. Kak nO- KaaninaioT npountbie na6miosteHNs, pas- BepTBIRAHHKO HECKOSTHKHX PAKETHBIX CH= rem Bcerna npenutecrayeT pal KPyn- MBIX cepuit Membrrarml. Tax, wepe? He- ‘cKONBKO sIeT ocne NpoBeneHUA CoBeT- Kum Coisom 8 1961—1962 rr. sient ‘Tammi miepuoro opyans 8 atmocibepe it Ostu1H paswepHyTsI HoBBIE paKeTbi. HaoGopor, Korma waGmonaeren wpe MeHHoe «aaTHulbe» B saepituix HemEITa- Hix, KAX, HaMpuMep, ocie BeTyTIE- ua B cnay B 1963 r. Horosopa 0 sanpe- uleni HeribrTaHHEl nAepHOT OPY RHA, B ocnenyioutne HecKOABKO set OTMeMa~ eTca paswepTbiwanHe mule HeGombUIOTO KosMMecTBa HOBLIX CTPaTerHYECKHX cH- crem. Tlockonxy 3a nepuon ¢ 1963 no 1976 r. CCCP we wensirbinan opyxxHs MoWHOCTEIO B Mpemestax 1S0—400 KT, TO Mpesctasnsetes MastoBepostHein, MTOBTOT xe NepHon on saNUMasICR pas- paGorkoh Goerononox yxasannoro nia faona MoulHoctH. Hazmune 3Toro pay PBiBa B MOUINOCTAX McnbITaTembIHEIX som i 2000}- ; a 1009 . { soo Ess MOWHOCTE B3PbIBA, KT "ha s | r 150KT, NPEREN B alts g g Lsneercyevorngroners:_ipste TT W 1 bik i be is \ a 1966 "1967 " 1968 1969 "1970 "1971 "1972" 1973" 974 "1975 "1976 "1977 "197e ' ia7e "1960 "1961 Tyo82 "1989 "i908" 1985 OUEHKM MOUIHOCTH acex saperncrpHpoBanHi noAseM- HbDx RAePHEIX BapEIEOS MOMHOCTEIO CabiMe 25 KT, NPOUSBEREH- Mbix B CosercKom Conse c 1961 no 1985 r. OyeHKn Ana Bex ‘sapbiao8 Ha HOBO Senne (TOWKH) MoWHOCTEIO cBbIMe 110 KT, aK M ANA HECKONEKMX B3PbI8OB MOMHOCTHIO BO—150 KT 8 BOC- Tounom Kazaxctane (kpyKounH) 9a nepHoa c 1976 no 1981 r., ‘ABNRIOTCR yopeAMEHHEIMY H OCHOBAHe Ha MarHKTYAaX, onpe- AeneHHex No OGbeMHbIM W NOBepXHOCTHbIM ONHAM. OcTanb- ble B3pbIBbl CLIeHeHB! ToNbKO NO OOweMHbIM BONHAM. CoBeT- Cokin Cows o6sI4Ho BapsiBaeT yCTpOAIcTEa NpuMepHo OAMHa- KOBOA MOWMOCTH B TeNeHHe rona-AByx. BepTHKaNbHbiMi nM: HupMn OTMeMeHB! Npenens! NorpewHOCTH.‘SST ‘sso MOAT SS-11 MOA ‘S813 MOAI ‘88-17 MOAI ‘S-18 MOA 2 ‘$818 MOA! ‘$820 MOAT 88-17 MOR? [ss Mone $8.17 MOA3 '$S-18 MOA 4 SS-19 MOA3 [© es 'SS-N-20 MOAI 1@ @O ‘SS.NK2S e [ ° ee 38x24 ® x a 2 T ‘4cno NET 0 NEPEOTO TETHOTO VCTBITAHMS BPEMEHHAA AMATPAMMA paspa6otku w passeprbisaHuin ‘coseTcKix pakeT pasnuunoro Tuna OGHapyxueaeT onpeze- eHyIo saKoHOMepHocTS. 3a OAMH-TpH ropa AO NepBeIx neT- MBX MCNbITaNNA paket! (KPYKOWKH) npoBOAATCA (AO Tpex pas) NonHoMacuTabHble UcnITaHnA CoeronoaKy, pep HasHaweHHon Ans TOM paxeTsI. Mocne Toro Kak KOHCTpYKUWMM paKeTo! 1 GoeronosKu NpHsHaIOTCR yAOBNeTsOpUTENbHEINN, 9TH Apa KoMNOHeHTa OObEAMHAIOT M OCyWecTaNAETOR (B TENE ve opHoro-veTbIpex net nocne nepsoro neTHOrO McNbITaHMA) B3pLinos H pasnepriwaeMoro aaepHoro stopxit. Becbwa BepostHo, wo Cover TEPBEIE 1 2 3 4 TETHBIE VCnbITAHAA Meno NET NOCHE NEPEOTO ETHOFO VCTITAHMA passepTeisahue paxeTes (rowKH). Uso6paxenlbie Ha AuarpaM Me OTpeskm OTMeYaIOT Mpenens! norpewHoCTH. TaKaR BPE MeHHam 3aKOHOMePHOCT 6 NPOBeAeHHH CTIITaHAM W pasBep- Teisanin paKer rloMorna asTopaM «pacnosHaTb» (Ha OCHOBE NOCNeAOBATeNBHOCTH JapervCTPAPOHAMHbIX NOASEMMbIX HC- iranian RABpHOrO OpyxxuR, NpOMsBeReHHEIK CoBeTCKHM CO- 030m) vonbiraMn GoeronosOK ANA HeKOTOPbIX THNOB COBeT- connx paxer. Gocronowox, npeanasMaNeHNLIX 2108 OpyARMA MBI YMHTTbIBATIK B CBOUX pac NeTAX H HCKOAHH HMeHHO 113 9TOFO O6- crostenscrsa, sax, ¥To GocronouKH MOUMNOCTBIO MeHee 400 KT MOxKHO at TOMATHNECKH HEKMONITTS 1 paccMoT- Penna. B cepenune 60-x ronos Cosercxuit Cows Tonsxo Havan npowsBonHTe non SeMMBIE HENBITAMNA sEpHOTO OpyAUA, MOULHOCTS KOTOpOrO 8 GoNbUMHCTBE cnywaen tina nenenuxa. B 1966 r. OM, omHaKo, npowssen HembrTanne aep- Horo YeTpoRcTsa MouIHOCTEIO 400 KT. To Gbin canbifi MouMEI nomseMHEsti ‘B3pbIB H3 BCeX, KOTOPHIe GIN NporsBE- enbi Conerexim CowsoM 8 60-x ronax, M10 MOUIMOCTH npeBocXOAMA HX NO Kpafineit Mepe » TpH pasa. BosMoxHo, no 1963 F. HenbrTaHMe yroro yeTpoficr- Ba NPOHIBORMACCE B ATMOCHeEpe, a BO3- MoxHO, OHO paxpa6arbiBasoce Kak sanepnas GoerononKa su18 pakerbt, KOH cerpykums KoTopofi oxasanact He cosce ynaunofl, 8 chan € eM pakerBt 3TOrO ‘Tuna He Obi passepHyTet B GobLIOM xosmuectse. To wawemy npeanosioxe- MMO TexHiecKMe AAMHMBIe CoBeTEKOMI MBP tuna SS-13, seTHbie uerbrTaHWT KoTOpOH Gs MpoweneHst B KOHUE 1965 r. ¢ nocsenyrouuma (4epes TPH To sna) €¢ pasnepTbinanitem, yAoBseTBOpA- oT nocneawelt KaTeropunt. BpeMennori nopauox paspaGoTKu MBP $S-13 usec onpeaesiennylo aHOMasINIO, NOCKOEKY ee HemutTaNHe (uo He paaBepTbiBaNHe) Npoussoantoc 40 cubITaHNN Goero- cKHA Coir mpowssen Obi Hombiranus anepHon GoeronoaxH paxeTit SS-13 Ha Fo HAM s1B8 PaHbue, KaK ITO OGLIMHO nenanock, ech Ob He Orpannuenna, Ccamaainble ¢ nepexosioM x Mem TaHMAN 'B HOBBIX yemOBHAX, Tod 3eMueH, TPEX CAMBIX xpynituix nomen Bix uembrranuax, KoTopbte Coser: ext Co1o3 npoussen s10 BcTynenua B euny «Tloporosoro» Horosopa, Mout HOCTS AMEPHBIX 3apAIOB 3HaNHTCAEHO npepbimana 1 Mr. fsa us Hux (cen- ‘raGpb 1973 r. w HosGps 1974 r.) Meru MoUIHOcTe oKono 2 Mr, TpeTait (oK- ‘Ta6pb 1973 r.) — oxono 3,5 Mr. Mox- WO NpenHoNORMTh, YTO 9TO GRIT He Mprranum aByx WM TPex MompuKAUNT (coxpauienuo — Mom) MoHOGsONMEIX GoeronosoK ama MBP tuna SS-17 Mout 2, SS-18 Moa Iw SS-19 oa 2. Boe Fonosku MouiHocTb10 3,5 Mr, BepoxT- no, npeaHasHavannce suiK SS-19 Most 2, nockomaKy Mos I Hon 3 paxeTEt (KOTO [ple HMesIH HeckobKo Gombuyi0 3a6pa- cbipaeMyio Macy) Mors Gxt HecTH 6 ro- SIOBHDIX 4acTeH HHAMBHAYATBHOTO HABE lena MouMOcTbIO 400m SOO KT Kak as. Boeronopka Mouoctbio 2 Mr Gei- 41a Gb, KONENHO, csIMIKOM serKoH. Bos- MORKHO, 4TO Takyio GoeronoBKy HMeeT paxera SS-I7 Mom 2, aa6pachinaemas Macca KoTopont 8 2 pasa MeNbue, “eM y paxerti SS-19 Mon 2. Cyns mo acemy, Conereruh Co1os mpowaBoans nomsemble HenbrraNnT paxer SS-17 SS-19 ¢ omHon rosio8- Hofl wacrBI0, Ho He s118 GosisuNx paxeT SS-18. 9ro npeanonomenne nonTBep>- aaetca Tem, 4To MBP SS-18 samennai MBP SS-9, KoTopsie Geum snepabie paspepnyrsi B 196 r. Ovepnnto, to paxerbt SS-18 wom 1 Gut ckoMeTpyH- Povantt Tax, 4TOGM He MpocTo 1aHsT Mecro paxer SS-9 B crapronbix waxTax, Ho H HecTH OoeronOBKH, KOTOPbIe Obi NenbITanbt B aTMocbepe B Havare 60-x ronos. «Iloporostsit» oronop ucty- A B cuny 20 Toro, Kak CopeTcKut Cowo2 Mor 1ameniT® Goerononxy o6pa1- ua 60-x romos, ycranonnennyto wa SS-9 (fo HaMUM oueHKAM MoulHOcT® 9TOM Goeronoaxu cocrasaset oKono 10 Mr), Ma Hosyto GocrosioaKy, KoTopaa Moria Goi uMeT» sHaNHTeNbHO GomIUyI0 MOU nocTe. eensiranne Goerosiosku Moumocr10 400 «7 6110 nposesteHo B 1972 r., T. €. CAIMMIKOM pano, “TOBE ero MOrKHO 6: B10 CMMTAT® wcHBITaNNeM GocratoEKH ‘im niepsofl rpynmbi CoBeTeKHX paKeT c Goeshivn wacTaMM iiuIMEHAyanEHoro nawesenns: SS-17 mom 1, SS-18 Mon 2 ¥ SS-19 Most 1. 97H paxert pou ner Nite HcmbrraHs Nlocae ncnBrTaNnit Goe- Fonowox # Gbusin paswepHyT! # nepHon Mexxity 1974 1 1976 rr. BoaMorKHO, ¥To Goeronoska atHx paxet Gbuta Toro xe ‘Tuna, 4o M venbrTanHaR B 1966 r. aH paxerbi SS-13 wit e¢ yconepuencrao- BannoR Moauduxaun. Cepia ncnstrannfi GoerostonKH Mou