Единственное и

множественное число
существительных.

АРТИКЛИ (ЧАСТЬ 1)
Единственное и множественное число
существительных

Где встретится эта тема?

Tasks №25-29 Tasks №25-29

Переделать из формы единственного числа Образовать сущ-е с помощью суффиксов

в форму множественного числа Добавить отрицательную приставку

Поставить в единственное или

множественное число

Что нужно знать для успешного выполнения заданий №19-29:

Части речи

Порядок слов в предложениях

Значения префиксов и суффиксов

Parts of speech:

Noun — существительное (computer, lesson)

Pronoun — местоимение (he, she, they)

Verb — глагол (see, dance, speak)

Adjective — прилагательное (friendly, beautiful)

Adverb — наречие (easily, quietly)

Preposition — предлог (in, at, from); particle — частица (only, still, not)

Образование множественного числа у существительных

. .
1 Чаще всего для образования множ числа у исчисляемых существительных мы добавляем

окончание -s : car — cars, plane — planes.

2. Если существительное оканчивается на -ss/-s/-sh/-ch/-x, добавляем -es: dish — dishes, branch —

branches.

3. Если существительное оканчивается на согласную + -о, добавляем -es: hero — heroes; potato —
potatoes.

НО! Гласная + о — по общему правилу: studio — studios, radio — radios.

Сокращенные слова образуют свою множественную форму по общему правилу: photo — photos,
piano — pianos.

4. Если существительное оканчивается на -f/-fe, то мы меняем окончание на -ves: wolf — wolves, knife
— knives.

Исключения: belief — beliefs, chief — chiefs, roof — roofs, safe — safes, giraffe — giraffes.

5. Если существительное оканчивается на -y, то мы меняем окончание на -ies: city — cities, lady —
ladies.

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 ИСКЛЮЧЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЕГЭ
ед. ч. множ. ч.

Woman Women
Man Men
Foot Feet
Tooth Teeth
Mouse Mice
Goose Geese
Child Children
Deer Deer
Sheep Sheep
Ox Oxen
Means Means

Put the words in the parenthesis in the correct grammatical form.

Last year I started a new school. We have lots of clubs and societies (SOCIETY) at our school and we are
supposed to be involved in quite a few after school.
This is the time when the leaves (LEAF) on trees are fresh and fragrant and the first flowers begin to
bloom.
Mount Everest attracts well-experienced mountaineers as well as novice climbers, quite a few women
(WOMAN) among them.
Boys and men (MAN) bring flowers and small presents to girls and women they work or study with.
On May 17, 1970 Ra with two seamen (SEAMAN) on board successfully crossed the Atlantic, proving that
ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach America long before Columbus.
Baboons are rather big monkeys that can be quite scary because of their big sharp teeth (TOOTH),
especially fangs.

Источник: Открытый банк заданий ФИПИ.

7. Everybody knows that spiders have eight feet (FOOT), so they are not insects, which have only six.

8. Will you tell us about the best parties (PARTY) you’ve ever been to?

9. How many mangoes (MANGO) did you eat?

10. Saint Petersburg is truly magnificent when it comes to its squares, museums, churches (CHURCH) and
cathedrals.

11. We took lots of photos (PHOTO) on our trip.

12. He advised us on the cleanest beaches (BEACH) to visit during our vacation.

13. The stomach of sheep (SHEEP) is made up of four digestive organs.

14. You should take care of your pet! You know, the cat doesn’t actually have nine lives (LIFE)!

15. It shouldn’t be allowed to use animals in circuses (CIRCUS).

16. Henry VIII, King of England in the 16th century, is best known for his six wives (WIFE).

2
17. For the convenience of all visitors there is a swimming pool with children (CHILD) area, cafeteria,
playground, car and bike rental.

18. The only way to catch mice (MOUSE) is to set a trap.

19. Our chickens and geese (GOOSE) roam freely in the backyard.

20. Look out, there might be a few deer (DEER) crossing the road!

One of the most interesting and unusual changes (CHANGE) in family structure over the last few decades
has been the popularity of single parent families (FAMILY). This is now the fastest growing family form in
many developed countries (COUNTRY) because of high divorce rates (RATE) and the fact that adults
choose not to marry. More than 50% of all teenagers spend some of their lives (LIFE) in a single-parent
family. At the present time, almost 90% of these households are headed by women (WOMAN). According
to research, children (CHILD) who live with a single parent tend to have more responsibilities
(RESPONSIBILITY) such as cooking, cleaning, shopping, washing the dishes (DISH). Besides, they are
usually more involved in decision-making activities (ACTIVITY) at home.

Артикли с исчисляемыми существительными

Watch the video «Mini English lessons: Countable and uncountable nouns» by the
British Council and take notes below.

Nouns

Countable Uncountable
Можно посчитать «в штуках»
Нельзя посчитать

Можно образовать множественное число Газы, жидкости, материалы, абстрактные

понятия

Неопределенный
Определенный

e o article»
«Z r
a
« »/« an» (только с ед.ч.) «the»

1) Любой, один из многих:

1) Конкретный предмет, есть 1) Перед сущ-ым стоит
Give me a pen, please.
уточнение:
притяжательное или

She is a student and her I found the book I bought last указательное местоимение ,

mother is a doctor. year.

другое сущ е в-


притяжательном падеже ,
2) Предмет упоминается 2) При повторном количественное

впервые:
упоминании предмета:
числительное « , no» или
I want to give her a laptop as a I have a backpack. The «both»:

present.
backpack is big.
Give me your phone, please.

I want to see this film.

3) Перед сущ. стоит 3) Если понятно, что речь

описательное определение:
3
идет о конкретном предмете:
2) Если в ед. ч. стоял бы «а», во
I’m watching an interesting The hotel is so expensive!
множ. ч. артикль не ставится:

show. Kate and Greg are students

and their parents are doctors.
 «a»/«an» «the» «Zero article»

4) в устойчивых 4) С существительными в

словосочетаниях:
качестве обстоятельства

have a good time, have a rest, места: in the world, in the

have a toothache, go for a garden, at the seaside, at the

walk, catch a cold, a lot of, a cinema, in the street, on the

couple of etc. radio

Put articles in the gaps if needed.

He has a copybook in his backpack.

My aunt has a cat and a parrot. The cat never catches the parrot.

She doesn’t eat meat, she always eats vegetables.

This is our room. It’s the biggest room in the house.

There are five children in the picture. The children are playing in the backyard.

She doesn’t have a bike, but she has a car. The car is red and old.

I bought juice for the coming party.

Do you know where my wallet is

The documents you are looking for are on the table.

The questions in that quiz were very difficult.

Could you tell me where the train station is located?

They say the party was really great.

There is a mistake in the sentence. Don’t forget to correct the mistake!

Remember to take the coat to the laundry service, please.

I’ve heard that they sell bicycles and skateboards here.

We need to buy comfortable chairs.

Who is the driver of this car? You can’t park cars here!

I’m going to the airport. The plane takes off in two hours.

Do you remember the name of the shop where we bought our washing machine?

The answers to the exercises you are doing now are on page 27.

I’m looking for the children. I sent them to the playground. Have you seen them?

Why do you like small houses?

Please put the cake on the table, the guests are about to arrive.

Let’s buy them a fancy vase for their wedding.

I liked the presents I received on my birthday.

Let’s take a photograph of Nicolas and Judy. They are a nice couple.

He says he needs new glasses. But the glasses they sell here are very expensive.

You are wearing very nice shoes! Where did you buy them? I need a new pair of shoes, too!

They are very strange people. Don’t talk to them!

I saw a phone in your hand. Is the phone new?

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Listen to the song «Sweater Weather» by The Neighbourhood and underline the
articles in it.
1. And all I am is a man
2. And if I may just take your breath away

I want the world in my hands

I don't mind if there's not much to say

I hate the beach

Sometimes the silence guides a mind

But I stand in California with my toes in the sand

To move to a place so far away

Use the sleeves of my sweater

The goosebumps (мурашки) start to raise

Let's have an adventure

The minute that my left hand meets your waist
Head in the clouds but my gravity centred
(талия)

Touch my neck (шея) and I'll touch yours

And then I watch your face

You in those little high waisted shorts, oh

Put my finger on your tongue 'cause you love to

taste, yeah

Oh, she knows what I think about

These hearts adore, everyone the other beats
And what I think about
hardest for

One love, two mouths

Inside this place is warm

One love, one house

Outside it starts to pour (льёт дождь)

No shirt, no blouse

Just us, you find out

Coming down

Nothing that I wouldn't wanna tell you about, no

One love, two mouths

'Cause it's too cold

One love, one house

For you here

No shirt, no blouse

And now, so let me hold

Just us, you find out

Both your hands in the holes of my sweater

Nothing that I wouldn't wanna tell you about, no

'Cause it's too cold

For you here

And now, so let me hold

Both your hands in the holes of my sweater