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Содержание стр
Phrasal Verbs__________________________________________________________________3
Conditional Sentences ( Условные предложения)____________________________________15
The Infinitive (Инфинитив)______________________________________________________15
The Gerund (Герундий)_________________________________________________________17
The Participle ( Причастие)______________________________________________________17
Оборот «used to»______________________________________________________________19
Passive Voice (Страдательный залог)_____________________________________________19
Future–in–the–Past ( Будущее время в прошлом)____________________________________19
Word Formation (словообразование)______________________________________________21
Страноведение _______________________________________________________________23
Синонимы___________________________________________________________________33
Антонимы___________________________________________________________________34
Идиомы_____________________________________________________________________36
Пословицы___________________________________________________________________38
Оборот «Объектный падеж с инфинитивом».______________________________________40
Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом for.__________________________________________40
Оборот «Именительный падеж с инфинитивом».___________________________________40
Тест Вариант 1____________________________________________________42
Тест Вариант 2_____________________________________________________45
Phrasal Verbs.
To look
1. to look at – посмотреть на
Don, t look at me so angrily!
2
To take
1. to take after – быть похожим на кого-либо из старших родственников, если речь идет о
характере и манерах
Everybody says that I take after my father, but my little brother Paul takes after our mother.
To make
To get
Compare: to get on/ off the bus but to get into/ out off the car
3
3. to get along – уживаться, ладить с кем-то
My dog and my cat get along with each other.
To turn
To rush
4
Mel is afraid of bulls because when he was a child a big bull rushed at him.
To run
To set
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Bob set out early the next morning.
Let’s set out before it gets dark.
To do
3. to do up – а) застегивать(ся)
Do up your coat, it’s cold. This dress does up at the back.
b) прихорашивать(ся)
Janie did herself up for the party.
To hand
To break
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b) to break into a run (a smile, laughter, applause, song, tears) – неожиданно начать
делать что-то
The child looked at the picture and broke into laughter.
At the sight of the broken toy the little girl broke into tears.
To come
To drop
1. to drop in( on smb/ at some place) – навестить, зайти, заглянуть( к кому- то/ куда-то)
Let’s drop in on Jim and Mary while we’re in the neighbourhood.
Look who’s just dropped in!
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After the game’s over, I may drop in at a small café for a cup of coffee.
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Примечание:
Глагол to be в придаточном предложении употребляется в форме were во всех лицах
единственного и множественного числа.
e.g. If I were you, I should go to the doctor at once.
e.g. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have told you about the meeting.
If it hadn’t rained last Sunday, we should have gone to the country.
а) подлежащим:
To travel by see is a pleasant thing.
It’s time to go home.не
в) дополнением:
I want to show you the house where I was born.
г) определением:
He brought me a book to read.
д) обстоятельством:
I have come here to talk to you.
а) подлежащим:
Travelling is a very pleasant and useful thing.
в) дополнением:
I enjoy listening to good music.
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Thank you for helping me.
г) определением:
I don’t like your idea of walking in the rain.
There is no hope of our getting there before ten o’clock.
д) обстоятельством:
He left the room without saying a word.
Before having dinner you must wash your hands.
а) определением:
Watches made in our country are very popular everywhere.
с) обстоятельством:
When crossing the street, first look to the left, then to the right.
Not knowing what to do they wrote a letter to their professor asking for information.
Negative form:
e.g. My brother didn’t use to like fish when a child.
He didn’t use to speak loudly.
Questions:
e.g. Did you use to be good friends when you were children?
Did they use to spend summer in the mountains?
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Passive Voice (Страдательный залог)
Страдательный залог употребляется, когда мы не знаем, кто совершает действие или нам это
не важно.
Суффиксы
Приставки
Приставка Словообразование
un- pleasant – unpleasant
in- (il-, im-, ir-) definite – indefinite
re- to write – to rewrite
dis- to like – to dislike
mis- to understand – to misunderstand
Страноведение
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Who fought against racial discrimination in the 1960? (Martin Luther King, JR)
Who is the head of the United Kingdom of Great Breath and Ireland?
(Queen)
What is the national sport in America? (Baseball)
A famous American artist is… (Normal Rockwell)
What is the national symbol Of Canada? (The maple leaf)
What is the nickname of the flag of the U.K? (Union Jack)
Who was the first president of the USA? (George Washington)
In American English “freshmen” means… (Первокурсник)
What is the capital of Georgia? (Atlanta)
The Statue of Liberty was a gift from… (France)
The safest topic for conversation in England is… (Weather)
The national emblem of Scotland is… (The thistle)
The vast majority of “students” at the primary and secondary levels go to the public schools
(Учащийся)
The famous pop-group “The Beatles” came from… (Liverpool)
The British money is… (Pounds)
Who was the first man on the moon? (Neil Armstrong)
What is the official language of Ireland? (English)
The battle at Trafalgar was a … victory of the British nation
. (Triumphant)
The capitol is in the centre of… (Washington)
In English Vacation is equal to… (Holiday(s))
What are the colors of the Irish flag? (Red, white and green)
What is the billion in the USA? (1.000.000.000)
A “Jack” is an old name for… (Sailor)
The Whispering Gallery is remarkable for its (Acoustic)
What is the largest city of Australia? (Sydney)
The capital city of Australia is… (Canberra)
Nelson’s Column is situated in… (Trafalgar square)
The Capital city of New Zealand is… (Wellington)
What is “Disneyland”? (Children’s park of wonder)
Which is the biggest state of the USA? (Alaska)
The novel “Treasure island” was written by… (Stevenson)
What is national emblem of England? (Rose)
In the House of Commons the members sits… (On 2 sides of the hall)
What is the name of the oldest and best known public school for bays in the U.K?
(Eton)
Prince Charles: Queen Elizabeth’s… (Son)
In which city is Hollywood? (Los-Angeles)
Australia is an… (Island continent)
What is the name of the town where W. Shakespeare was born? (Stratford-on-Avon)
The world “Albion” the poetic name of G. Britain means… (White)
Madam Toussaint’s is a museum of… (Wax figures)
The first colonists in America started the tradition of… (Thanksgiving Day)
Whose monument stands in the centre of Trafalgar Square? (Admiral Nelson)
Sherwood Forest is famous for legendary (Robin Hood)
What part of Britain is called a “Long of song” (Wales)
Great Britain includes… (England, Scotland, Wales)
From the earliest time the … of London depends upon its water-born trade. (Prosperity)
Christopher Columbus landed in America in… (1492)
The USA is a … Republic a union of 50 states (Federal)
The United Nation Organization Building is situated in… (New York)
The national emblem of New Zealand is… (The kiwi bird)
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On …, the bell rang out to announce the first reading of the Declaration of Independence to the people of…
(July 4, 1776/Philadelphia)
Mane Reid was… (An American writer)
The main modern art museum in London is… (The Tate Gallery)
What currency is used in New Zealand? (The New Zealand dollar)
What city of the USA is called the city of the Yellow Devil? (New York)
Whose monument can you see in front of Buckingham Palace? (To Queen Victoria)
Who discovered the law gravitation? (Isaac Newton)
What ancient London sightsee was bought by an American, shipped stone to the USA and rebuilt in Arizona?
(London Bridge)
The Emancipation Proclamation freed… (The blacks in the South from slavery)
To look at smth for telling the time… (Watch)
“The principal of school” In American English , the underlined word is for English … (Headmaster)
In English vacation is equal to …. (Holiday(s)
In American English, freshman means … (Первокурсник)
Public schools in the USA are …, while in Britain «public school» means … secondary school where
children usually live as well as study. (Free / private free- paying )
Who discovered America? (Christopher Columbus )
Where is the Statue of liberty? (New York )
When Americans celebrate Independence Day? (July 4 )
Who was the first man on the moon? (Neil Armstrong)
What currency is used in New Zealand? (The New Zealand pound)
Washington, D.C, stands for: (District )
How many states are there in America? (50 )
In which month is Thanksgiving Day celebrated? (November)
Who fought against racial discrimination in the 1960’s? (Martin Luther King, Jr.)
The Statue of Liberty was a gift from: (France )
A famous American artist is: (Normal Rockwell)
A popular American food is: (Barbecue ribs)
Great Britain … England, Scotland and Wales. (Includes )
From the earliest times the … of London depended upon its water-born trade. (Prosperity )
The Whispering Gallery is remarkable for it’s …. (Acoustics)
What does the word «Albion», the poetic name of Great Britain, mean? (White )
What is the national emblem of England? (Rose )
The name of the oldest and best known public school for boys in Great Britain (Eton )
What is another name for the Houses of Parliament? (Westminster Palace)
Where does the President of the USA live and work? (In the White House )
Who was the President of the USA when «Emancipation Proclamation» was adopted and the slaves
were freed? (Jefferson)
Where is Statue of Liberty situated? (In the New York Harbour )
What is the nickname of the flag of the UK? (Union Jack)
What is the official residence of the Prime Minister of the UK? (No. 10 Downing Street)
What is the name of town where William Shakespeare was born? (Stratford-on-Avon. )
What part of Britain is called a «land of song»? (Wales)
Who is the architect of famous St. Paul’s Cathedral? (Sir Christopher Wren )
What is the nickname of London’s underground? (The Tube)
What theatre was organized by W. Shakespeare? (Globe Theatre )
What ship did Pilgrim Fathers (the first American settlers in 1620) sail to America in? (The Mayflower)
What state does the capital of the USA Washington belong to? (None)
Who is the main industry of Washington? (Government industry)
Who is the main figure in the emblem of the USA? (Eagle)
What is «Disneyland»? (Children’s Park of Wonder)
The novel «Treasure Island» was written by … (Robert Stevenson)
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«Pygmalion» was written by … (Bernard Shaw)
Edgar Poe is one of the most brilliant and original writers and poets in … literature. (American)
Who discovered the law of gravitation? (Isaac Newton)
Who were the greatest naturalist and the author of the theory of evolution? (Charles Darwin)
Who was the inventor of the universal steam engine? (Isaac Newton)
The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of … crosses. ( three)
British Parliament consists of … houses - ….(two; the House of Lords and the House of Commons
The members of the House of Commons are chosen by the ….(Electors)
On which river does Stratford stand? (The Avon)
What is the name of the highest mountain on the British Isles? (Snow down)
What is the name of the Scottish lake in which there is supposed to be a monster? (Loch Ness)
In what book would you meet the following names: Long John Silver and Jim Hawkins? («Treasure
Island»)
In what book would you meet the following character: Friday? («Robinson Crusoe»)
When did the Great Fire of London take place? (1666)
What is billion in the USA? (1 000 000 000 )
What river does Washington D.C. stand on? (The Niagara. )
Who of the American presidents never lived in the White House? (George Washington.)
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? (Thomas Jefferson.)
What is the capital of Georgia? (Atlanta.)
Prince Charles is Queen Elizabeth’s …. (Son.)
The two official languages in Canada are ….(English and French.)
British people celebrate Halloween … of October . (On the 31-th )
The narrowest part of the English Channel is called …. (The Strait of Dover.)
The colours of the American flag are …. (Red, white, dark-blue.)
What is the most famous clock in Britain? (Big Ben.)
Who is the head of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland? . (Queen)
The safest topic for conversation in England is…(Weather.)
The Statue of Liberty symbolizes … (A land of freedom)
What state does the capital of the USA Washington belong to? (None.)
«Ulster» is another name for …. (Northern Ireland. )
The capital of Australia is ….( Canberra.)
The capital of Canada is …. (Ottawa.)
The oldest part of London is called …. (The City)
Maine Reid was a …. (American writer)
The most famous sight of London is a ….( Double-decker )
The National library is situated in the …. (British Museum )
Lake Loch Ness is situated in …. (Scotland)
The chairman of the House of Lords in English Parliament is…. (Lord- Chancellor)
The chairman of the House of Commons in English Parliament is…. (The Speaker)
Elizabeth Gaskell is ….writer.( An English)
The novel “The Invisible Man” of H.G.Wells is… (The fantastic novel)
The national flag of the USA is called… (Uncle Sam)
The symbol of the US government is … (the bald eagle)
Halloween is... (An autumn holiday for children)
What is the White House? (the residence of President)
What city is famous for its skyscrapers in the USA? (New York)
“England” in translation into Russian means: (Земля англов)
What is the national sport in America? (Baseball)
What is the national symbol of Canada? (The maple tree)
What is the nickname of the flag of the UK? (Union Jack)
What was the first president of the USA? (George Washington)
Выберите подходящий русский эквивалент к слову ‘student’:
The vast majority of students the primary and secondary levels go to the public schools (учащийся)
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The famous pop-group “The Beatles” came from…( Liverpool)
The battle at Trafalgar was a … victory of the British nation.( triumphant)
The founder of the English Fleet was King... (Alfred)
“Nelson’s Column” is a name of a... ( monument)
Прозвище “the smoke” имеет английский город. (London)
A red dragon is symbol of… (Wales )
The “Speaker Corner” in London is situated in … (Hyde Park)
The traditional clothes for men in Scotland is a… (kilt)
The anthem of the USA is … (The Star-Spangled Banner)
The oldest royal residence is... (the Tower of London)
Robinson Crusoe met his friend …on the island. (Friday)
The author of the book “Three men in a boat” is… (Jerome K. Jerome)
What kind of state is the UK? (parliament monarchy)
Which of these mountains can find in the USA? (Mt. Mc Kinney)
What is the capital of Wales? (Cardiff)
What title does Prince Charles the eldest son of the British Queen have? (prince of Wales)
The first university in America was? (Harvard)
The national emblem of Scotland is... (the thistle)
How many houses does the USA Congress consist of?(2)
The Capitol is in the center of... (Washington)
Jonathan Swift is a famous …( English writer)
Lake Loch Ness is situated in...(Scotland)
How many of American presidents were lawyers? (4)
Australia is famous for it’s... (sheep)
Who wrote “Brown Wolf”? (Jack London)
“Piccadilly Circus” is a name of a… (square)
The national emblem of England is...(the rose)
What is real English football called? (Soccer)
The real name of Mark Twain is… (S. Clemens)
They celebrate Halloween on the …(October 31)
What people often call American flag? (“Old Glory”)
What is another name for the Houses of Parliament? (Palace of Westminster)
Who is the head of Australia? (the Queen of Britain)
Benjamin Brittan was famous English… (composer)
Uncle Tom the main hero of the novel “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” was… (a slave)
The oldest university in Great Britain is … (Oxford)
Whitehall is… (the street in London)
Members of the Parliament gather to make lows in the… (Palace of Westminster)
The Queen Residence in London is in… (Buckingham Palace)
Who wrote “Hamlet”? (Shakespeare0
A famous American writer who wrote a book about a very clever dog is… (J. London)
Lake Huron is situated in … (Canada)
The American flag has…stripes.(13)
Which is the longest river in the USA? (Mississippi)
Who is official the head of the state and the government of the USA? (President)
Formally the head of Canada is… (Queen of Great Britain)
Which of the following is not a state of the USA? (Washington D.C.)
What is “Big Ben”? (clock)
In whose hands is the state power in Britain? (Parliament)
North America was discovered by Vikings in the … century. (10)
America was discovered by Columbus in…(1492)
In the north the USA is bordered by…(Canada)
What American state situated 50 miles from Russia? (Alaska)
What state of the USA is situated in the Pacific Ocean? (Hawaii)
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Who arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620? (The pilgrims)
In which area have Americans received the most awards? (Science)
What is the nickname of New York? (“The Big Apple”)
Who is Robert Burns? (A poet)
Синонимы
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Funny humorous смешной
To excuse to forgive прощать
Achieve Gain, reach достигать
Satisfied pleased довольный
Common general общий
Race competition соревнование
brief short краткий, короткий
A pair a couple пара
Advance progress достижение, прогресс
Task aim задача, цель
Антонимы
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Идиомы
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Nothing hurts more than truth – Ничто не ранит больше правды.
Never say die – Не вешай нос.
To pull oneself together – Взять себя в руки.
She has a green thumb – У неё хорошо растут растения.
Пословицы
If you cannot have the best, make the best of what you have.
О человеке судят не по словам, а по делам. Handsome is that handsome does.
There is no time like the present.
Здоровье – лучшее богатство. Health is better than wealth.
Сделал дело, гуляй смело. Business before pleasure.
Every country has its customs.
Wear the old coat and buy the new book.
Лучше поздно, чем никогда. Better late than never.
A change of work is as good as a rest.
Be slow to promise and quick to perform.
На безрыбье и рак рыба. Half a loaf is better than no bread.
Беда не приходит одна. It never rains but it pours.
Сколько голов, столько и умов. So many men, so many minds.
Не откладывай на завтра того, что можешь сделать сегодня.
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
Наперёд не заглядывай. Everything is good in its season.
Голод – лучший повар. Hunger is the best sauce.
Без кота мышам раздолье. When the cat is away, the mice will play.
В гостях хорошо, а дома лучше. There is no place like home. East or West, home is best.
Всё хорошо, что хорошо кончается. All is well than ends well.
Всякому овощу своё время. Everything is good in its season.
В Тулу со своим самоваром (не ездят). Don’t carry coals to New castle.
Голь на выдумку хитра. Necessity is the mother of invention.
Дарёному коню в зубы не смотрят. Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth.
Друзья познаются в беде. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Занятой (трудолюбивый), как пчела. As busy as a bee.
Как нажито, так и прожитою Easy come, easy go.
Кашу маслом не испортишь. You can't spoil a good thing.
Кому на месте не сидится, тот добра не наживёт. A rolling stone gathers no moss.
Кто рано встаёт, тому Бог подаёт. The early bird catches the worm.
Ложка дёгтя в бочке мёда. A fly in the ointment. The rotten apple spoils the barrel.
Много будешь знать, скоро состаришься. Too much knowledge makes the head bald.
На безрыбье и рак-рыба. Something is better than nothing.
Не всё золото, что блестит. All that glitters is not gold.
Не клади все яйца в одну корзину. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
Нет дыма без огня. There is no smoke with our fire.
Ни рыба, ни мясо. Neither fish nor flesh.
О вкусах не спорят. Tastes differ.
От любопытства кошка сдохла. Curiosity killed the cat.
Отсутствие новостей – хорошая новость. No news is good news.
Погонишься за двумя зайцами, ни одного не поймаешь.
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. Grasp all, lose all.
Последний, но не менее важный. Last, but not least.
Привычка – вторая натура. Custom is a second nature.
При царе Горохе. Since Adam was a boy.
Пришла беда, отворяй ворота. Misfortunes never come alone.
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Пуганая ворона куста боится. Once bitten, twice shy.
Раз на раз не приходится. You can’t expect perfection every time.
Рука руку моет. You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours.
Рыбак рыбака видит издалека. Birds of a feather flock together.
Плохая молва летит на крыльях. Bad news travels fast.
Actions speak louder than words.
Лучше иметь хорошее имя, чем быть богатым. A good name is better than riches.
Смелость города берёт. Fortune favours the brave.
A bird in the hand is worth two is the bush.
После глаголов: to let, to make, to hear, to see, to watch и некоторых других инфинитив
употребляется без частицы to.
e.g. I saw him cross the street.-Я видел, что он переходил улицу.
She watched the children play in the yard.-Она наблюдала, как дети играли во дворе.
e.g. It’s necessary for me to know her new address.(сложное подлежащее).-Мне нужно
знать ее новый адрес.
This is for you to decide (именная часть сказуемого).-Это вам решать.
The children waited for the performance to begin (дополнение).-Дети ждали, когда
начнется представление.
The father bought two books for his son to read (определение).-Отец купил две
книги для сына, чтобы он читал.
The text is easy enough for you to understand (обстоятельство).-Текст достаточно
легок, чтобы вы могли его понять.
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инфинитива, следующего за сказуемым. Он называется «Именительный падеж с
инфинитивом» (Nominative with the Infinitive). Этот оборот употребляется, когда сказуемое
выражено глаголами: to think, to know, to suppose, to hear, to see, to say, to report, to describe,
to advise, to ask, to order, to seem, to happen, to appear в действительном залоге.
e.g. She is said to be a very talented ballet-dancer.-Говорят, что она очень талантливая
балерина.
They were asked to come earlier.-Их попросили прийти раньше.
Hе seems to know English.-Он, кажется, знает английский язык.
Тест Вариант 1
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12. Выберите правильный вариант сказуемого:
There … twelve months in a year.
A) Was. B) Be. C) Been. D) Are. E) Is.
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Тест Вариант 2
1. Дополните пословицу:
East or West, … is best.
A) Home. B) Shopping. C) School. D) Rest. E) South.
6. Закончите предложение:
When I was younger, I … play tennis quite well.
A) To be used to. B) To get used to. C) Used to. D) Used. E) Are used to.
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13. Выберите предложение с Participle I:
A) Ann wasn’t offered the job. B) The delegation answered all the questions. C) He has gone home by that
time. D) What is this instrument used for? E) Standing on the bridge he watched the boats.
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