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4
Э И Р И Ш К У Р С У
БИРИНЪИ ДЯРС
III. Инэилис дилиндя бир гисм ъцмлялярдя биринъи йердя хябяр, икинъи
йердя мцбтяда, сонра ися зярфлик ишляня билир.
6
инэилис дили юзцня мяхсус эюзяллийи вя хцсуси ащянэи олан сабит вя
зянэин фонетик системя маликдир.
Инэилис дили сясляри Азярбайъан дилиня хас олмайан бир сыра башга
хцсусиййятляря дя маликдир. Мясялян, инэилис дилиндя сясин узун вя
гыса тяляффцз олунмасы сюзцн лексик мянасына да тясир едир: [si:t] -
отураъаг, [sit] - отурмаг, [3i:p] - гойун,[3ip] - эями вя с.
Азярбайъан дилиндян фяргли олараг, инэилис дилиндя мцряккяб сясляр-
дифтонглар [ei, ou] вя триfтonглар да [au7, ai7] мювъуддур.
8
йарадылмышдыр. Лакин щямин щярфляр формаъа бир-бириня охшасалар да
онларын щяр бири мцхтялиф ъцр адланыр вя охунур, мясялян, щ щярфи
Азярбайъан ялифбасында ще, Инэилис ялифбасында ися еит3 адланыр.
9
а) Икитяркибли мцряккяб саит сясляр. Бунлара дифтонг (ъцтавазлы)
дейилир. Дифтонгу тяляффцз едяркян ону тяшкил едян елементляри бир-
бириндян айырмаг олмаз, чцнки онларын щяр икиси бирляшяряк бир
мцряккяб фонем йарадыр, мясялян, [еи], [аи], [6i] вя с.
2) Сону охунмайан - е щярфи иля ямяля эялян щеъа шярти ачыг щеъа
адланыр, мясялян, name [неим] ад, take [теик] эютцрмяк вя с. Ачыг вя
шярти ачыг щеъаларда саит щярфляр адятян юз адлары иля охунур.
10
3) Сону самитля битян щеъайа гапалы щеъа дейилир, мясялян, hat
[щ5т] шлйапа, ъат [к5т] пишик, had [h5d] вардыр вя с.
Щярфляр вя сясляр
1 Б б Bб [bi:] [b]
2 D d Dд [di:] [d]
3 N n Nn [en] [n]
4 M m Mm [em] [m]
5 T t Tt [ti:] [t]
6 P p Pp [pi:] [p]
11
7 F f Фf [ef] [f]
8 V v Vв [vi:] [v]
Оху гайдалары
12
сяси тяляффцз едиляркян дилин уъу цст дишляря сюйкянир, лакин инэилис
дилиндя [н] сясинин тяляффцзцндя ися дилин уъу цст дишлярин йувагларына
сюйкянир вя ъийярлярдян эялян щава ахыны бурундан чыхыр. Буна эюря
дя инэилис дилиндя [ н] сяси кипляшян бурун сонор сяси адланыр.
[f] сяси алт додаьын цст дишлярин уъуна сюйкянмяси иля ямяля эялир.
Инэилис [f] сяси Азярбайъан дилиндяки (ф) сяси иля тамамиля ейни
тяляффцзя маликдир. Инэилис вя Азярбайъан [ф] сясляри щяр ики дилдя
додаг-диш кар самити щесаб едилир.
be [bi:] olmaq
14
Pete (шярти ачыг щеъа), охунушу [pi:t] Пйотр.
Гоша щярфляр
be [bi:] олмаг
15
Ted [ted] Тед (оьлан ады)
Чалышма.
Ee
[e] [i:]
ИКИНЪИ ДЯРС
Щярфляр вя сясляр
16
чап шякли aды охунушу мисаллар
Оху гайдалары
1. Аа [ei] щярфи ясасян цч ъцр охунур:
а) Аа щярфи вурьулу ачыг щеъада [e9] кими охунур: [ei] ики
мцстягил сясдян ибарят олан бир мцряккяб сясдир. Беля сясляр дифтонг
(гоша авазлы сясляр) адланыр. Дифтонгун биринъи елементи бир гайда
олараг вурьулу олур.
17
[5] сясини тяляффцз едяркян дилин ясас кцтляси аьызын габаг
щиссясиндя олур вя беляликля аьызын арха щиссясиндя бошлуг йараныр.
Дилин уъу алт дишляря тяряф дартылыр, ортасы ися иряли дартылмагла азъа
йухары галхыр. Додаглар ися азъа йана дартылыр. Инэилис [5] сяси
Азярбайъан дилиндяки (я) сяси кими тяляффцз олунур, лакин ондан
фяргли олараг [5] сясинин тяляффцзцндя алт чяня бир гядяр ашаьы енир,
мясялян:
hand [h5nd] ял
Мцгайися един:
18
see [si:] эюрмяк
19
pencil [pensl] карандаш
[l] сясинин тяляффцзц [t], [d], [n] сясляриндя олдуьу кими дилин уъу
цст йуваглара сюйкянмякля ямяля эялир. [l] сяси [n] вя [m] кими сонор
сясдир. [l] сяси Азярбайъан дили (l) сясиндян щям ямяля эялмясиня,
щям дя галынлыьына эюря фярглянир, мясялян:
20
lamp [l5mp] лампа
21
an apple [5n 5pl] алма (мейвя)
Text
Лцьят
Чалышма
Ев тапшырыглары
tea, me, bee, be, table, able, lamp, map, ben, den, deep, peap,
end, and, bat, Pete, Pet.
2. Ашаьыдакы сюзляри щярфлярля йазын: [te9bl, mi:, ti:, bi:, m5p, pen,
ted, ben, de9t, 5nd, mi:t, fl5t, si:, ti:]
23
ЦЧЦНЪЦ ДЯРС
Щярфляр вя сясляр
1.Саит щярфляр вя сясляр
Kk [kei] - [k]
Hh [eit3] - [h]
Pp [pi:] - [p]
5. Грамматика: Ъцмля
Оху гайдалары:
1. I i [a9] щярфи ики ъцр охунур:
24
time [taim] вахт nice [na9s] гяшянэ
my [mai] мяним
---------------------------------------------
I (мян) сюзц ъцмлянин щяр йериндя бюйцк йазылыр.
25
Инэилис дилиндя бцтцн яшйалар орта ъинся дахилдир.
26
character [`k5r9kt7] характер, хцсусиййят
Г р а м м а т и к м а т е р и а л:
It is a bed.
It is a lamp.
It is a pencil.
It is a tie.
It is a table.
I am a man.
He is a child.
Text
It is a pencil. It is a black pencil. It is big. It is a map. It is a big
map. Ben, take a map. It is a bed. It is a big bed. It is meat. It is
clean meat. It is big. It is a pencil. It is my pencil.
Sona, take a map. It is big. Ali, meet me. I see Ali. It is time. It
is fine.. Ali is late to day. It is day: Spell it.
It‟s a cap. It‟s black. It‟s clean. It‟s a black cap. Black table is
clean.
28
Лцьят
Чалышмалар
Щярфлярин охунушу
c y
29
can cake center nice chick yes my tidy
A e i
е ee ea
30
Zeba met fee tea
Тапшырыглар:
ДЮРДЦНЪЦ ДЯРС
Щярфляр вя сясляр
31
2. Uu [ju:] [ju:], [0] use [ju:z]-истифадя етмяк;
uncle [02kl]-ями, дайы
Щярфбирляшмяляри:
2. Ишаря явязликляри
3. Мцяййян артикл
Оху гайдалары:
go [gou] эетмяк
б) u [ju:] щярфи вурьулу гапалы щеъада [0] кими охунур. [0] сясини
тяляффцз етмяк цчцн аьыз бошлуьу ачылыр, дилин орта щиссяси йухарыйа
галхыр вя додаглар ади вязиййят алыр. Бу вязиййятдя санки
Азярбайъан дилиндяки (а) сясинин гыса варианты тяляффцз олунур,
мясялян:
Азярбайъан дили (р) сясиндян фяргли олараг инэилис дили [r] сясини
тяляффцз едяркян дилин уъу цст дишлярин йувагларына доьру галхыр вя
дилин уъу иля йуваглар арасында нов ямяля эялир. Инэилис [r] сяси
тяляффцз едиляркян дил титрямир, мясялян:
Щярфбирляшмяляри :
34
а) ъинэилтили [ð] сяси кими.
[ð] сяси Азярбайъан дилиндя йохдур. Бу сяси [d] вя [z] сясляри иля гарыш-
дырмаг олмаз. [ð] сясинин тяляффцзц заманы дилин уъу дишлярин ара-
сында олур вя эцълц няфяс ахыны иля дилин уъу эери чякилир, мясялян:
[4] сяси Азярбайъан дилиндя йохдур. Бу сяси [s] сяси иля гарышдырмаг
олмаз.[4] сясинин тяляффцзцндя дилин уъу дишлярин арасында дурур вя
зяиф няфяс ахыны иля дилин уъу эери чякилир, мясялян:
2. Саит щярфбирляшмяляри:
36
1) ey [i: , wa9] щярфбирляшмяси [e9] кими охунур, мясялян:
Г р а м м а т и к м а т е р и а л.
Ъаваблар:
38
мясялян:
2) she (о) явязлийи гадын ъинсиня аид олан бцтцн исимляри явяз едир,
мясялян:
40
а) саитля башланан исимлярин гаршысында the [ði] охунур, мясялян:
the North - Шимал, the West - Гярб, the Eas -t Шярг, the South -
Ъянуб.
Text
Лцьят
43
not [n6t] йох, дейил a car [7`ka:] миник машыны
A a E e I i
Oo Uu Yy
44
[ou] [6] [u] [u:] [ju:] [0] [u] [j] [i] [ai]
note pot took too huge shut push yet lady try
Самит щярфляр
c c g g s z
45
Самит щярфбирляшмяляри
46
[6] [ou] [j] [ju:] [0] [ai]
This is a book.
That is a book.
47
It is a good book.
It is a bad pen.
It is a red car.
Ев тапшырыглары:
48
this, that, she, meet, good, book, look, take, student,a table,
chess, grey, shut, but, a lamp, foot, goods, you, desk, pencil
БЕШИНЪИ ДЯРС
1. Самит щярфляр.
Г р а м м а т ик м а т е р и а л
1.Z z щярфи [z] охунур. [z] сяси Азярбайъан дилндяки (з) сясиня ох-
шайыр. Сюзцн сонунда нисбятян гцввятли тяляффцз олунур, мясялян:
50
quite [kwait] тамамиля, бцтцнлцкля
Фонетик чалышма.
[w6t], [wen] ,[wel], [w6z], [weik], [wait], [wi:t], [wait], [win] [wi:p]
6. Саит щярфбирляшмяси.
52
a work [7`w7:k] иш, мяшьулиййят
Г р а м м а т и к м а т е р и а л:
-s, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch, -tch щярф вя йахуд щярфбирляшмяляри иля битян
исимлярин ъямини дйзялтмяк цчцн исимлярин сонуна –es шякилчиси
артырылыр вя [9z] охунур, мясялян:
54
олунур. –es [z] кими охунур, мясялян:
исим
сай
Нцмуня: явязлик
a car (исим)
It is bad (сифят)
ten (сай)
he (явязлик)
Тясдиг формасы
Тякдя
Ъямдя
Суал формасы
Тякдя
Is he a student? О тялябядир?
Is it a book? О китабдыр?
Ъямдя
57
Are they students? Онлар тялябялярдир?
Тякдя
I am not a student. Мян тялябя дейилям.
Ъямдя
We are not students Биз тялябя дейилик.
58
.
III. Ишаря явязликляринин ъями. Яввялдя гейд олунан (this, that)
ишаря явязликляринин дя ъям формалары вардыр. This (бу) ишаря явязлийи-
нин ъям формасы these [ði:z] -(бунлар), that [ð5t] -(о) ишаря явязлийинин
ъям формасы ися those [ðouz] -(онлар)-дыр. Азярбайъан дилиндян фяргли
олараг, инэилис дилиндя ишаря явязликляри исимля кямиййятъя узлашыр,
мясялян;
this pen бу гялям – these pens бу гялямляр.
59
Мцбтяда функсийасында ишлянян инэилис ишаря явязликляри ъям щалда-
дырса, онлар Азярбайъан дилиня дя ъям формада тяръцмя олунурлар.
Text
These are tables. These tables are big. Those are desks. Those
desks are not big. But those desks are new.
Лцьят
60
very [`ver9] лап, чох, даща
five [fa9v] беш (сай)
Тапшырыглар:
61
1) Щярфлярин щяр бириндян бир сятир йазын:
A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f...
(this, that, these, those, five, quick, quite, word, clean, they,
them, then, thin, floor, door, toy, boy, pencil, nice, large, house,
desk, pupil).
АЛТЫНЪЫ ДЯРС
2. Щярфбирляшмяляри
3.Г р а м м а т и к м а т е р и а л:
3) ямр ъцмляси;
4) мятн.
Оху гайдалары
64
1. A a щярфинин ян`яняви охунушундан башга ашаьыдакы фяргли
охунуш гайдалары да вардыр:
all [6:l] бцтцн, щамы, бцтюв; ball [b6:l] топ, шар, даиряви
Гейд: Сюзцн сону a+l+ щяр щансы бир самитля битярся л щярфи
охунмур, мясялян:
ъ) Алынма сюзлярин сону –age вя –ade иля битярся а щярфи [9] кими
охунур, мясялян:
2. Ee щярфи бя`зи щалларда гыса [9], бя`зи щалларда ися узун [i:] кими
охунур, мясялян:
66
b) o щярфи [u:] кими охунур:
67
ink [92k] мцряккяб (йазмаг цчцн)
68
well wrong which whose watch warmth worse
Г р а м м а т и к м а т е р и а л:
69
1. Ня?- What is this? (Бу нядир?) What are they? (Онлар нядир?)
2. Нячи?- What is your brother? (Сизин гардашыныз нядир?)
3. Щансы?- What book is it? (О, щансы китабдыр?)
Гейд: Ъцмлянин мцбтядасына вя онун тяйининя суал верилдикдя,
кюмякчи фе'лдян истифадя олунмур вя ъцмлядя сюз сырасы нягли
ъцмлядя олдуьу кими галыр:
to be [b9] олмаг
Мцгайися един:
b) Let фе`ли. I вя III шяхслярдя фе'лин ямр формасы let (иъазя вермяк)
фе'ли васитясиля дцзялир. Let фе'ли бир гайда олараг ъцмлянин яввялиндя
эялир. Бу фе'лдян сонра эялян явязлик обйект щалда, исим ися адлыг
щалда олмалыдыр. Ясас фе'л to щиссяъиксиз ишлянир, мясялян:
1. Саитляр:
72
A a [еи] щярфинин охунушу
73
I i [ai] щярфинин охунушу
[a9] [9n]
size in
ice is
time it
my family yes
74
dry pity yet
C G S X
4. Самит щярфбирляшмяляри
75
th sh ch ng nk
5. Саит+самит щярфбирляшмяляри
6. Саит+самит вя йа саит+саит+самит
ur ew ir eir
76
burn dew gird heir
Text
Teacher : Let us read the text. Javid, take the book and read our
new text, please.
Лцьят
78
even [`i:v7n] щятта, дцзэцн (ядяд)
Ифадяляр
79
to be ill хястя олмаг, хястялянмяк
Тапшырыглар:
ЙЕДДИНЪИ ДЯРС
I. Щярф вя щярфбирляшмяляри:
ie(ei) [i:]; ou+r [au7], [6:]; ew [ju:]; ir/ ur [7:]; eir [87]; ere [97]
1) Явязликляр.
2) Сюзюнляри.
3) Авазланма.
82
an hour [7n`au7] саат (вахт), бир саат (вахт)
Г р а м м а т и к м а т е р и а л:
83
Шяхс Йийялик Йийялик явяз- Обйект явязликляри
явязликляри явязликляри ликляринин ишля-
нмяси
Гейд:
a book – my book
84
ялагя ясасян юнлцкляр васитяси иля йарадылыр. Юнлцкляр, адятян аид
олдуьу сюзцн юнцндя ишлянир вя щямишя аид олдуьу сюзля бирликдя
тяръцмя олунур, мясялян:
into – а, -я, -йа, -йя –(ичяри) - into the room, into the bag
after – сонра
Йадда сахлайын:
86
Бу тип ифадялярля, бир гайда олараг, сюзюнляри ишлядилмир:
Дцшян тон енян ох ишаряси () иля, галхан тон ися галхан ох ()
ишаряси иля эюстярилир.
87
They are notstudents [1ei a: notstju:d7nts]
3) Ямр ъцмляляриндя:
Text
At the lesson.
Teacher: Open the book at page seven and read the text. (The
student reads the text).
89
Teacher: What is your sister and what is your brother?
Лцьят
90
an hour [5n`au7] саат (алтмыш дягигя)
М О Д Е Л. (язбярляйин)
Тякдя
my My name …
Ъямдя
91
What are your names? Your names …
Тапшырыглар:
СЯККИЗИНЪИ ДЯРС
1. Щярфляр:
1) o + ld [ou + ld] old [`ould]
2.Щярфбирляшмяляри
93
2) ere [87] there [187]
3. Грамматика:
4) Мятн: A Family
Оху гайдалары
94
-ow щярфбирляшмяси чохщеъалы сюзлярин тяркибиндя, хцсусян дя
сонунда вурьусуз щалда [ou] охунур:
Мцгайися един:
95
8. oy [69] (ясасян сюзцн кюкцндя): boy, toy, Roy, employ, envoy:
Сюз йарадыъылыьы
Грамматика
To have щям ясас фе'л, щям дя кюмякчи фе`л кими ишлянир. Ясас фе'л
96
кими “малик олмаг”, “вар”, ”вардыр” мяналарыны билдирир, мяс.:
Ъямдя
Тякдя
97
Have I a book? Мяним китабым вар (мы)?
Ъямдя
Мцгайися един:
Тякдя
Ъямдя
Have you a sister? Yes, I have. Сянин баъын вармы? Бяли, вар.
99
ишлянир, мясялян:
Гейд: to have фе`ли щяр щансы бир инкар едилмяз, щягигяти ифадя
едяркян to have got ифадяси шяклиндя ишлянир, мясялян:
She has a book. She has not a book. Has she a book?
You have a book. You have not a book. Have you a book?
They have a book. They have not a book. Have they a book?
Бир яшйанын сащиби ики вя даща артыг шяхс олдугда йийялик щал
шякилчиси (апостроф`s) Азярбайъан дилиндя йийялик щалда ишлянян
исимлярдя олдуьу кими, йалныз сонунъу исмя ялавя олунур, мясялян:
Гейд: -`s йийялик щал шякилчиси йериндян асылы олараг ъям шякилчиси
кими [s], [z], [9z] кими охунур.
101
the moon`s light айын ишыьы
A FAMILY
102
_ What is your mother`s name? My mother`s name is … .
Лцьят
Сюзбирляшмяляри:
Чалышмалар:
103
а) able, fable, name, fat, cat, a lamp, a nut, a lumb, pale, date,
shelf, feet, see, sea, read, lead, steel, bet, met, note, not, no, tone,
dot, book, look, good, doom, tool, torn, for, cork, form, think.
b) tip, tipe, it, bit, fit, tie, time, line, my, try, dry, yes, yet,
family, any, many, day, boy, joy, grey, they, may, stay, ugly, use,
student, rule.
c) bench, dench, lench, she, ship, shop, shelf, this, that, the,
their, them, those.
d) now, how, bow, new, few, news, our, hour, exam, exact,
excuse.
e) here, there, where, their, quick, quite, ceiling, receive, thing.
Тапшырыглар:
104
4. Инэилисъяйя тяръцмя един:
ДОГГУЗУНЪУ ДЯРС
1. Щярфбирляшмяляри:
wr [r] write [ra9t]; wrong [r62]
2. Грамматика:
1) Мигдар сайы (100-я гядяр)
3) Вахтын эюстярилмяси
106
3. Мятн: At the lesson.
1.Оху гайдалары:
107
fair [f87] йармарка; гяшянэ
II Грамматика:
14 – [`f6:`ti:n] fourteen
15 – [`fif`ti:n] fifteen
16 – [`siks`ti:n] sixteen
17 – [`sevn`ti:n] seventeen
18 – [`ei`ti:n] eighteen
19 – [`nain`ti:n] nineteen
21 – twenty-one
22 – twenty-two
23 – twenty- three вя с.
Инэилисъя сыфыр рягями “о” щярфинин ялифбадакы ады кими [ou], йахуд
да nought [n6:t] кими охунур.
½ - Бу кяср йазыда ики ъцр эюстярилир: a half (йя`ни йары йахуд йарысы)
вя йа one second.
two thirds - 2/3; three fifths - 3/5; four fifths - 4/5вя с.;
Онлуг кясрляр бир гайда олараг мигдар сайы иля ифадя олунур:
64,207 six four point two nought seven йа да sixty four point two
nought seven.
110
(1) one- (the) first (1-ъи)
(2) two- (the) second (2- ъи)
(3) three- (the) third (3- ъц)
(4) four- (the) fourth (4-ъц)
(5) five- (the) fifth (5- ъи) вя с.
4.Йашын ифадя олунмасы гайдасы:
brother?
sister?
mother?
friend?
My brother (he)
My sister (she)
My mother (she)
111
My friend (he)
father? brother…
mother sister…
sister mothers…
friend friend…
Йадда сахлайын:
113
- Please take the chalk and write the new words on the
whiteboard.
- Is it wrong? No, it is not.
- Good, thank you, you have no mistake.
- Take your seat, please.
- Now you, Rashad, come to the whiteboard, please.
- What is the time now? It is nine o`clock.
- Where are you now? I am at the English lesson.
- Now write some numerals on the whiteboard.
- One, two, three, four, …
- Well now say it in English –1990. Nineteen and ninty.
- Good. Take your seat, please.
Лцьят
ОНУНЪУ ДЯРС
1. а) Щярфляр:
-s [=] usually -a [87] parents
b) Щярфбирляшмяляри:
115
- au+gh [6:] daughter, taught -tch [t3] watch
- ear [7:] early, earn -ay [9] Sunday
2. Грамматика:
а) There is вя There are ифадяляри
б) Гейри мцяййян явязликляр: some, any, no.
3. Мятн: At the University:
Оху гайдалары:
I. 1) С щярфи бязи сюзлярдя [=] кими охунур, мясялян:
usually [`ju:=u7li] адятян, бир гайда олараг.
measure [`me=7] юлчц, тядбир
pleasure [`ple=7] зювг, ращатлыг.
parents [`p87r7nts] валидейнляр.
care [k87] гайьы; ящямиййят вермяк.
II. Щярфбирляшмяляри:
1) au+gh щярфбирляшмяси [6:] охунур, мясялян:
daughter [`d6:t7] гызы (ювлады), caught [k6:t] тутду /няйися
2) ear щярфбирляшмяси [7:] охунур, мясялян:
early [7:l9] тез, еркян, сцбщдян, earnest [7`:n9st] дцзэцн
3) – ay щярфбирляшмясинин вурьулу щеъада [ei] кими охунмасына
диггят йетиряк.
pay [pei] юдямяк, hay [hei] гуру от
day [dei] эцн, say [sei] демяк
- ай щярфбирляшмясинин цзяриня вурьу дцшмядикдя ися [6] кими
охунур, мясялян:
Sunday [`s0nd9] Базар эцнц, Monday [`m0nd9] Базар ертяси
4) - tch щярфбирляшмяси [t3] кими охунур, мясялян:
match [m5t3] турнир, ойун (футбол)
catch [k5t3] тутмаг /кимися, няйися/.
Грамматика. There is вя there are ифадяляри. Инэилис дилиндя шяхсин
вя йа яшйанын йерини билдирмяк цъцн there is вя there are
ифадяляриндян истифадя олунур вя азярбайъан дилиня “вар”, “вардыр”
кими тяръцмя олунур. There is вя there are ифадяляри ъцмлянин хябяри
олмагла мцбтяда иля кямиййятя эюря узлашыр. Бу ифадяляр ъцмлянин
хябяри кими нягли ъцмлянин яввялиндя мцбтяданын гаршысында
дайаныр, ъцмлянин сонунда ися адятян йер зярфлийи эялир, мясялян:
There is a book on the table. Столун цстцндя бир китаб
вар.
(хябяр – тякдя), (мцбтяда – тякдя), (йер зярфлийи).
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There are books on the table. Столун цстцндя китаблар
вар.
(хябяр – ъямдя), (мцбтяда – ъямдя), (йер зярфлийи).
Гейд: Инэилис дилиндя йер зярфлийи бя`зян ъцмлянин яввялиндя дя
ишляня билир, мясялян:
In our city there are many schools. In the yard we play
games.
Беля ъцмляляр Азярбайъан дилиня тяръцмя олунаркян, ъцмляляр
бир гайда олараг йер зярфлийи иля башланыр.
There is вя there are ифадяляриндян сонра эялян исмин гаршысында
мцяййян артикл ишлянмир, мясялян:
There is a book on the table. There is a pen in my bag. There
are chairs in our classroom.
There are some cars in the yard.
Йер зярфлийи кими ишлянян исим щямишя мцяййян артиклла ишлянир.
on the table; at the desk; at home
in the street; under the table; under the tree
on the desk; in the room; in class
Нцмуня 2.
Йер зярфлийи Хябяр Мцбтяда
(there+be)
Under the table there are cats.
On the table there is a book.
At the desk there is a boy.
Мцгайися един:
Тясдигдя. Суалда.
There are some books on the table. Are there any books on the
table?
We have some good friends. Have we any good friends?
Вя йахуд да:
I have some books with me. Have you any books with you?
Any явязлийи “щяр щансы (бир)”, “истянилян бир” анламында тясдиг
ъцмляляриндя дя ишляня биляр: You may read any book you like. –
Истядийин китабы охуйа билярсян (йя`ни истядийин щяр щансы бир
китабы). You may come to me at any time. – Истядийин (щяр щансы бир)
вахт бизя эяля билярсян.
3. No “щеч бир” мянасына маликдир вя исмин гаршысында
ишляняркян исмин тяйини олур. No явязлийи иля ишлянян исимлярин
гаршысында артикл ишлянмир, мясялян:
I have no English books - Мяним щеч бир инэилис дили китабым йох-
дур. No student knows about it – Бу барядя щеч бир тялябя билмир.
Some явязлийи иля ишлянмиш нягли ъцмлялярин инкар вя any иля ишлянян
цмуми суалларын инкар ъаваблары no явязлийи иля ямяля эялир.
Мцгайися един:
Are there some trees in the street? There are no trees in the
street.
Are there any girls in your group? There are no girls in our
group.
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Гейри - мцяййян явязликлярин тюрямяляри:
Some - something ня ися, бир шей
- somebody кимся, ким ися, бир кяс
- someone кимся, ким ися, бириси.
- somewhere щарадаса щарайаса (зярфдир)
Any - anything ня ися, щяр щансы бир шей
- anybody кимся, бир кяс, бириси, щяр кяс
- anyone кимся, бир кяс, щяр кяс
- anything щяр бир шей, щяр шей
- anywhere - а) щарадаса; б) щяр йердя, щяр щансы бир
йердя
No - nobody щеч кяс, щеч ким
- no one щеч бири, щеч ким /кяс
- none [n0n] щеч бири(си), щеч кяс
- nowhere (зярф) щеч йердя, щеч йеря
At the University.
There is a new building of the University in Zahid Khalilov
Street. It is large and big. There are many classrooms in this
building. Some of the classrooms are large. They are for lectures.
There are some students in the lecture hall. They have a lecture on
chemistry today. There is no any teacher there yet. There are some
students at the window. They are my friends. Our next lesson is
English. The text of our English lesson is “A Year”. Now let us
read our new text together.
There are 12 months in a year: January, February, March,
April, May, June, July, Auqust, September, October, November
and December. There are four seasons in a year. Every season has 3
months. The first season is winter. The first winter month is
December, the second month is January, but the third one is
February.
Seven months (January, March, May, July, August, October
and December) have 31 days each, but four months (April, June,
September and November) have 30 days, one month (February)
has 28 or 29 days. There are 365 or 366 days in a year. One
hundred years is a century.
121
There are seven days in a week. The first day of the week is
Monday, the second day is Tuesday, the third day is Wednesday,
the fourth is Thursday, the fifth is Friday, the sixth is Saturday and
the seventh is Sunday. It is the last day of the week.
The parts of the day are: the morning, the afternoon, the
evening and the night. Now it is 2006.
- Are there twelve months in a year? – Yes, there are.
- Is winter the first season of the year? – Yes, it is.
- Is Monday the first day of a week? – Yes, it is.
- How many months are there in a year?
Гейд: Иэилис дилиндя ай вя эцн адлары бир гайда олараг бюйцк
щярфля йазылыр. January, February, Monday Friday вя с.
Лцьят
Monday [`m0ndi] базар ертяси
season [`si:z7n] фясил /илин/
Tuesday [`tju:zdi] чяршянбя ахшамы
spring [spri2] йаз, бащар
Wednesday [`wenzdi] чяршянбя
summer [`s0m7] йай
Thursday [`47:zdi] ъцмя ахшамы.
autumn [`6:t7m] пайыз /фясил/
Friday [`fraidi] ъцмя /эцнц/
winter [`wint7] гыш /фясил/
Saturday [`s5t7di] шянбя /эцнц/
century [`sent3uri] яср /йцз ил/
On Monday [`m0nd9] базар ертяси (эцнц)
at night [`5tnait] эеъя (вахты)
On Tuesday [`tju:zd9] чяршянбя ахшамы, тяк эцнц
Тапшырыглар:
1. Ашаьыдакы ъцмляляри лазыми сюз вя ифадялярля тамамлайын.
a/. 1) There is a map … . 2) There is a blackboard … . 3) There
are books … . 4) There are students … .
b/.1) … a tree in the street. 2) … a window in the room. 3) …
four windows in the room. 4) … many benches in the yard.
ч/. 1) There is a map … . 2) There is a blackboard … . 3) There
are books … . 4) There are students … .
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d/. 1) … a tree in the street. 2) … a window in the room. 3) …
four windows in the room. 4) … many benches in the yard.
e/. 1) There is … at the door. 2) There is … a lamp on the table.
3) There are … in the bag. 4) There are … in the box.
f/. 1) … there a teacher in the room (?) 2) … there many
students at the lesson (?)
2. Инэилис дилиня тяръцмя едиб дяфтяринизя йазын.
Мяним инэилис дили китабым вар. Столун цстцндя бир нечя китаб вар.
Кцчядя аьаълар вармы? Хейр, орада аьаълар йохдур. Инди саат
нечядир? Инди саат 1215 дягигядир. Инди щансы илдир? Инди 2006-ъы илдир.
Бу отагда нечя пянъяря вар? Бу отагда 3 пянъяря вар. Отагда (щеч
бир) тялябя йохдур. Онлар инди кцчядядирляр.
3. Суаллара мцвафиг ъаваблар верин.
1) What are you now?
2) Where is the English book?
3) Have you a biology lesson to-day?
4) Are there any students in the hall?
5) Is there any map on the table?
6) What lesson is it now?
7) Has your friend got a new car?
8) What time is it now?
9) Are there any books on the table?
10) What is there on the wall?
4. Нюгтялярин йериня some, any вя no гейри-мцяййян явязликлярин-
дян уйьун эялянини йазын.
1) Is there … blackboard on the wall?
2) There are … students in the classroom.
3) Are there … books on the table?
4) There are …books on the table
5) Have you got … English book at home?
6) I have got … English books at school.
7) Is there … mistake in my dictation to day?
8) … students have got … interesting books.
9) Has he … pen at home?
10) Have they got … black pencil now?
u [ju [0] (гапалы щеъада): gun, bud, cut, such, fun, hundred.
[u:] (ачыг щеъада L щярфиндян сонра): blue, clue, glue.
Истисна: [u] - put, pull, push, full, rubious, ugh, umlaut, uzbek
Ачыг щеъа. Гапалы щеъа. o+ld/ ll, it, st. o+m/n, -th, v.
[ou] [6] [ou] [0]
go not old come
no loss boll some
sole plot host son
vole pot bolt glove
so box control mother
Саитлярин IV тип щеъада охунушу.
a) Саит вя самитин щярф бирляшмяляринин бирэя охунуш гайдалары.
Hярф Щярф бирляшмяси Сяс Мисаллар
A -are [87] bare, dare, care, fare, rare,
-air [87] chair,hair, pair, air, fair.
tear, near, sheer, career, cheer
E -ear, -eer [i7] fire, tired, wire, spire,hire
I -ire [ai7]
Y [ai7] tyre, iyre,tyrant,tyro
U
-yre [(j)u7]
O
O [au7] pure, cure, nure, endure,
-ure [6:]
E
[87] our, sour, hour, lour, ours,
E -our [7:]
more, core, before, fore,
-ore
where, there, nowhere
-ere
126
-ere were
[s]- sit, say, see, such, school, speak, gas, speech, ass
s
[z] is, music, pens, as,pencils, eggs, musician, fuse
128
ЯСАС КУРС
130
II. Write the transcriptions of the following words
quite, guest, daughter, early, learn, match, catch, Sunday,
usually, parent, rock, cock, chair, wage, large, bag, black, cap,
child, it, few, new, type, my, many, chalk, all, room, book, house,
loud, young, group, please, read, these, those, where, here, always,
box.
131
VIII. Write the sentences in Future Simple tense form and add
necessary adverbial modifies.
1. Her sister Sona (to play) the piano well. 2. My friend (to
come) home early. 3. Our teacher (to speak) English to us. 4. We
have an English lesson. 5. Our parents (to work) at the plant. 6.
You (to speak) English? Yes, I shall.
133
LESSON TWO (THE SECOND LESSON)
Exercises:
I. Learn the patterns given below
a) I know that …
- сизин йени мянзилиниз кифайят гядяр ращатдыр.
- мянзилиниз шящярин мяркязиндядир
- бизим мянзилимиз цчцнъц мяртябядядир
- йени мянзилимиз эениш вя ишыглыдыр
b) As you know …
- йахын эцнлярдя биз йени мянзил алмышыг
- орада бизим 4 отаьымыз вар
- мяним иш отаьымда йени бир халча вар
- мятбяхдя суйумуз вя газ печимиз вар
- йемяк отаьымыз кифайят гядяр бюйцкдцр
ъ) Do you know that …
- мян щямишя тяр эцлляри хошлайырам
- дюшямядя гяшянэ бир халчамыз вар.
- тезликля бизим ишыглы мянзилимиз олаъаг.
ч) It is very nice …
- вазада тяр эцлляри олмаг
- эениш отаглары олмаг
- мянзили эениш олмаг
136
a bathroom, a kitchen, in the middle of the room, some new chairs,
two armchairs, a TV set, a nice cupboard, a sofa, a bedside table, a
wardrobe, a carpet on the wall, much air, my favourite room, a
writing table, a large bookshelf, a bookshelf full of interesting
books, a gas cooker, a refrigerator, meal time, as a rule, a bathtub,
a washbasin, a shower-bath, because of, comfortable large flat.
b) гайдайа эюря, ращат мянзил, нащар вахты, газ плитяси, бюйцк
китаб ряфи, китабларла долу ряф, йени йазы столу, мяним севимли
отаьым, эюзял дивар халчасы, ишыглы иш отаьы, нащар отаьы, ишыглы вя
тямиз, отаьын ортасында, ванна отаьы, эениш мятбях, бир нечя йени
стул, щцндцр вя гяшянэ китаб ряфи, эцл-чичякля долу ваза.
3) The new square table is not …а) in the dining room now.
б) not in my study.
4) Our new wardrobe is … а) in our new kitchen.
б) not in the bedroom.
5) There is also a good carpet … а) in the bedroom.
б) In the diningroom.
6) There is a large bookshelf … а) full of new and interesting
books.
б) many interesting books.
VIII. Using the new words answer for the following questions.
1) Where do you live now?
2) Is your new flat large or small for your family?
3) How many rooms are there in your new flat?
4) What is your favourite room in your flat?
5) What is there in your dining-room now?
6) How many beds are there in your bed-room?
7) Is your bedroom light or dark now?
8) Is there a carpet on the wall in your bedroom?
9) Are there any English books in your bookshelf?
10) Is there much air in your kitchen too?
11) Where do you have your meals every day?
12) Have you got a telephone in your new flat?
139
13) How often do you clean your flat?
14) Do you like your new flat very much?
142
LESSON THREE (THE THIRD LESSON)
MY WORKING DAY
I study at the Baki State University now. I am the second year
student. On week-days I usually get up at seven o`clock in the
morning. I like to do my morning exercises to the music, so I
always switch on the radio. And then I go to the bathroom, wash
my face and hands, dress and at a quarter to eight I am ready to
have my breakfast. After having my breakfast I like to listen to the
news over the radio or to look through the newspapers. At ten
minutes past eight I leave home for the University. As I live far
from the University I go there by bus or by metro /underground/. It
usually takes me half an hour to get there.
I am never late. I always come to the University in time. And as
a rule we have three lectures or seminars a day. Our classes are over
at twenty minutes to four everyday. After classes I usualy walk
home with my friends. I like to have a little walk after a busy day at
the University. When I come back home, I have dinner and a short
rest of course. Then I begin to prepare my lessons. In the evening I
have supper and watch TV. Sometimes if I have time, I go to the
cinema or the theatre with my friends. And at about 12 o`clock in
the evening I say good bye to my parents, my sister and my
brother, and then go to bed. And this is my usual working day in
short.
IV. Find correct answers from the text and complete the sentences
given below.
1) On week-days I always get up …
a) at 10 o`clock; b) at 7 o`clock; c) at 11 o`clock; ч) at 8 o`clock
146
2) I like to do my morning exercises to the music so …
a) I switch on the radio; b) I switch off the light; c) I switch on
TV; ) I switch off the radio.
3) After breakfast I like to …
a) look through my textbooks; b) look through the newspapers
c) listen to the news over the radio; ч) look through the
dictionaries.
4) As I live far from the University I often …
a) go there by bus; b) go there by train; c) go there by airplane;
ч) go there by trolleybus.
5) As a rule we have three lectures or seminars …
a) a day; b) every day; c) a week; d) every week
6) At the University the lessons are over at …
a) ten minutes to five; b) twenty minutes to four; c) twenty
minutes past eight; ч) a quarter to eleven.
7) After classes our students usually …
a) walk home; b) go home by metro; c) come back to school; ч)
go to the cinema with their friends.
8) If I have time I always try to …
a) go to the central library to prepare lessons
b) go to the cinema with my friends
c) prepare my lessons at home
ч) look through the newspapers
9) I usually go to bed at about …
a) ten o`clock in the evening
b) eleven o`clock in the evening
c) twelve thirty in the afternoon
ч) eleven thirty in the evening
10 In the evening I like to …
a) have breakfast with my family
b) have supper with my friends
c) watch TV with my junior brother
ч) translate the text with my sister
VII. Act the dialogue with your friend and memorize it.
A. What time is it by your watch?
B. It is half past one by my watch.
A. Oh, really? Is it time to have our dinner?
B. Isn`t your watch too fast?
A. No, it isn`t. It is a bit slow. It`s a quarter to two.
B. Let`s hurry up. I hear the bell in the corridor.
A. So it is already two o`clock. Now let us hurry up there.
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XIV.Translate the given sentences in written form.
1) Ахшамлар онлар инэилис дили цзяриндя чох чалышырлар.
2) Сиз инэилис дилиндя чохлу щекайя китаблары охуйурсунуз.
3) Биз хариъи достларымыздан щяр эцн чохлу мяктуб алырыг.
4) Биз синифдя чохлу дярс охуйур, лакин аз йазырыг.
5) Бизим бир чох тялябяляримиз инэилисъя вя франсызъа асанлыгла
даныша билирляр.
6) Бизим Университет тез-тез хариъи фирмалара мяктублар эюндярир.
7.Translate the qiven word combinations paying attention to the
prepositions.
for a quarter of an hour; for three hours; for a month; after dinner;
after classes; from 3 till 5; from Monday till Friday; from morning
till night; by 11 o`clock; by the end of the week; on Wednesday; on
a warm summer day; on week days; at ten o`clock in the evening; at
this time in the morning; in ten minutes; in a quarter; in a week; in
three days; in an hour, in an hour and a half; in early morning; in
the evening; in the late evening; in a year`s time; in half an hour
time
XV. Translate the adverbs of time into English and use them in
your own sententes.
Сящярдян ахшамадяк; бу вахтлар; саат бешдян йеддийядяк; саат он
отуздан онбир отузадяк; саат сяккиз он беш дягигядян доггуз
тамамадяк; йарым саатдан сонра; саат йарымдан сонра; цч эцндян
сонра; дярслярдян сонра; нащара гядяр; базар ертясиндян ъцмя
ахшамынадяк; бир айдан сонра; цч илдян сонра.
XVI. Answer the questions according to the patterns.
a) Has she got any dishes at home to wash?
- No, only a few.
b) Is there much ink in your pen now?
- No, only a little.
1) Are there any other foreign guests to come?
2) Have we got much bread for supper to day?
3) Is there much sugar in your tea?
4) Have we got enough oranges for the guests?
5) Is there much water in your glass ?
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LESSSON FOUR (THE FOURTH LESSON)
Exercises
I. Give necessary equivalents of the followings:
by the decision; at that time; over than a hundred; various
theoretical subjects; practical specialists; the curriculum; skilled
specialists; at the end of the term; to take credit tests; students of
senior courses; as well as; all facilities; to carry on a research work;
students scientific society; forms of academic work; independent
work; foreign citizen; teaching level; working staff
Grammar Exercises
I. Put questions to the italicized words in sentences
1. Professors teach the students both theoretical and practical
subjects, every academic year.
2. Every citizen in our Republic has a right to enter the higher
schools, and study there.
3. Chemistry students learn all kinds of chemical subjects.
4. Students carry on their scientific works in different students
scientific societies at the University.
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LESSON FIVE (THE FIFTH LESSON)
LAMAN’S DAY–OFF
This Sunday is Laman`s day-off. As Laman is not a sleepyhead
girl she wakes up not so early on that day. She gets up at about 9
o`clock. It takes her half an hour to get ready for breakfast. After
breakfast Laman always comes to the sports club at once as she
goes in for sports. We come back home at about dinner time. Our
family does not always have dinner together. But Sunday is the
only day when the whole family may have dinner together. And
this day we all feel very happy of course.
On Sunday Laman has usually much work to do at home as she
is very busy on week-days. And on these days she always helps her
mother to clean the flat, she sometimes goes shopping with her
father or brother or helps her younger brother with his lessons for
tomorrow.
In the evening Laman goes to see her friends or they come to
her place. They have a talk, play chess, listen to the radio or watch
TV. But sometimes they go to the cinema if there is a good film on .
Arif is very fond of going theatre or the cinema. When her friends
come to Laman they often go to the theatre or to the concert with
her friends.
During the summer months Laman always has her vacation.
She usually spends her days off or the vacation at the seaside or in
the central park. She is fond of swimming or painting pictures.
Laman doesn`t go to bed late at night on her days off because
she usually gets up early on Monday morning.
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IX. Use the italicized verbs in Present Simple Tense form.
1. We (to begin) our home work to day morning. 2. My
younger brother didn`t (to want) to go to school with me. 3. All my
friends always (to want) to play football after classes. 4. Bad
students in your group never (to work) hard at home. 5. His Elder
brother (to want) to prepare his lessons with his friends. 6. They
don`t (to like) foreign languages at school. 7. My little son (to do)
his homework at home. 8. Tom always (to get) up at seven o`clock
(to do) his morning exercises and (to be ready) for the breakfast. 9.
Our new teachers (to live) in the centre of our city. 10. You (to
write) dictation very well but your friend can`t (to translate)
English sentences very well.
X. Translate the given text and put some questions to the text.
A NAUGHTY BOY
A little boy is at the door of a flat in a big house in High Street.
He wants to ring the bell, but it is too high up for him:
What do you want to make a tall gentlman coming downstrairs.
“I want to ring the bell, but it is too high and I am not tall enough”
answers the boy.
“All right” says the man, and he rings the bell.
“Now run, hurry up”, says the boy and runs away.
New phrases:
1) too high up for him – онун цчцн чох щцндцрдцр.
2) coming down strairs – ашаьы еняряк.
3) I am not tall enough – мян щцндцрбойлу дейилям.
4) hurry up! – тялясин, ъялд олун!
5) for ringing bell – зянэ вурмаг цчцн
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LESSON SIX (THE SIXTH LESSON)
SEASONS OF A YEAR
The year is divided into four seasons, in other words there are
four seasons in a year. They are: spring, summer, autumn and
winter. Every season lasts about three months you know it.
When winter comes we mostly are at home. Winter usually
begins in December and ends in March. In winter it is always cold
and it often snows. It is the coldest season in a year. Some people
like when it snows. They go to the country on a bright sunny day.
We have the shortest days and the longest nights in winter. It is
always difficult and very unpleasant to get up early in the morning
in winter because it is still dark and rather cold in early morning.
After winter comes spring. Spring comes at the end of March.
In this season, nature awakens from her long winter sleep. The sun
begins to shine more brightly, the days become longer and the first
spring flowers appear everywhere. Most people say that spring is
the best season of the year. And of course the earth is warmed by
the rays of the spring sun, and the weather gradually gets warmer
and warmer. More concretely, in spring it is much warmer than in
winter but it is not so warm as in summer. The sky is blue and
cloudless everywhere.
Summer is the warmest season of the year. It begins in June,
and ends in August. In summer we have the longest days and the
shortest nights. It doesn‟t often rain but the rains are warm and
short. In summer there is a lot of fruit and vegetables. Most people
have their holidays in summer and spend a lot of time in the open
air.
Autumn comes after hot summer. Autumn is a beautiful season
and is the harvest time in our country. In autumn the days get
shorter and the nights longer. The trees are yellow and red in
autumn. The weather gets colder and colder and the leaves begin to
fall from the trees, and the ground is always covered with them.
The sky is grey, and very often it rains. We like all seasons of the
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year.
VIII. Read the dialogue and tell it in pairs with your friend
- It is a fine day today, isn`t it my dear?
- Yes, it is. It is beautiful, sunny, warm and no windy.
- Most people like such a weather.
- And I am too. You know it.
- The wind is cold today, isn`t it like this?
- Yes, it is. I think it is going to snow to day.
- Hellow my friend! Isn`t it a terrible weather to day.
- Yes, it`s awful. It`s raining cats and dogs!
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- I`m wet to the skin. Have a look, and see
WHAT IS FUNNIER
A farmer comes to town to do some shopping. He buys what he
wants and is going to leave the shop, but suddenly the shop keeper
says: “Look hear, farmer Jones, I have some very good bicycles to
sell. They are very cheap. I can sell you a very good bicycle for 35
dollars. I`m sure you can ride around your farm on it every day.”
“Oh, no” answers the farmer. “I don`t want a bicycle. With this
money I can buy a cow. And a cow is certainly more useful in my
farm than a bicycle.”
“But you can`t go to town on a cow”, says the shopkeeper.
“That`s funny!”
“Well, I don`t know what is funnier”, exclaims the farmer, “to
ride a cow or to milk a bicycle.”
(funnier – даща эцлмяли; to do shopping – базарлыг етмяк; shop
keeper – сатыъы; farmer – фермер; bicycle – велосипед; to sell –
сатмаг; cheap – уъуз; to be sure – ямин олмаг; to ride – велосипед
сцрмяк; certainly – йягинки; useful – файдалы; cow – иняк; exclaims –
дейир; to milk – саьмаг)
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LESSON SEVEN (THE SEVENTH LESSON)
Exercises to do in class
I. Learn the patterns:
a) I go in for sports … - щяр эцн
- щяфтядя бир дяфя
- вахтым оланда
б) It is possible … - дил юйрянмяк
- инэилисъя данышмаг
- идманла мяшьул олмаг
ъ) I must say that … - биз инэилис дилини юйрянмялийик.
- щяр кяс дярин билик ялдя етмялидир.
- идман саьламлыг демякдир.
VIII. Read the text, then retell the short content of the text and
put some questions to the text.
A Dumb Wife
Once there was a man whose wife was dumb, and this made him
very sad because he loved her very much. He once asked a doctor:
“Can you make my wife speak?” “perhaps I can”, said the doctor,
“ the operation is difficult, but I`ll do my best”. “Of course, you
may try”, said the husband.
The next day the doctor made the operation and the dumb wife
began to speak! She spoke so much and so loudly that in a few
hours her husband ran back to the doctor and said “Can you make
my wife dumb again? “No”, said the doctor, “There are many ways
to make a dumb woman to speak, but no way to make a woman
stop talking”.
“What must I do?” said the man.
“Well”, said the doctor, “I can`t make her dumb, but I can
make you deaf”. “Very well”, said the man, “you may do so. It will
be better than the other way”.
Notes: (dumb – лал; sад – гямэин; perhaps – ола билсин к;и operation
– ямялиййат, ъярращиййя иши; loudly – щцндцрдян; way – йол, васитя;
deaf – кар; so – еля-беля, бу ъцр; husband – яр (и); to try – чалышмаг;
dumb – лал; deaf – кар; so – беля, бу ъцр).
.
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LESSON EIGHT (THE EIGHTH LESSON)
N. NARIMANOV
Nariman Narimanov was born on the 14th of April 1870 in Tiflis
in a poor Azerbaijanian family. His father was an educated and
honourable man. His mother was a very kind and responsive
woman. There were nine children in their family. He was the junior
one in the family. Nariman was closely acquainted with the famous
Azerbaijanian writers and poets of that time.
In 1882 N. Narimanov`s father with great difficulty placed his
son into preparatory school in Gory Seminary, which he finished in
1890 and got an appointment to work as a teacher in the village
school. While working at school he met many working people and
was a witness of hard life of peasants. Less than a year later he
came to Baki. Here N. Narimanov combined his pedagogical
activity with social work. In 1894 he published his work “Bahadur
and Sona”, “Nadir Shah”, “Shamdan bay” and others. His novels
were directed against fanaticism, backwardness and ignorance
existed at that time. He depicted the revolutionary struggle of
Azerbaijanian people for the elementary rights, democracy and
freedom. But N. Narimanov`s dream was to study. He wanted to
continue his education. So he made up his mind to change his
profession. He was eager to become a doctor. In 1902 he entered
medical faculty of the University in Odessa which he graduated
from in 1908. In 1908 he was sent to Tiflis with special task, where
he came into close contact with working class movement. In seven
months he was arrested and sent to Astrakhan where he began his
activity as a doctor. There were not any protective sanitation
measures in Astrakhan, so many infectious diseases, such as
tuberculosis, diphtheria spread among the people. N. Narimanov
carried out several urgent measures on sanitation, delivered lectures
on medical subjects. Everybody admired for such a careful attitude
of the doctor. Though he had a large family and could hardly meet
ends, he treated many patients free of charge. On April 20, 1920 a
new page was turned in the history of Azerbaijan. It was written by
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the revolutionary workers, peasants and soldiers. N.Narimanov
was appointed as a president of the Council of People‟s Commisars
of Azerbaijan. He also was a member of the Central Executive
Committee of Government. N. Narimanov always struggled for
people`s happiness and health.
VI. Translate into English and pay attention to the types of the
sentences you met there.
1. Мяним достум Айдын Рзайев Азярбайъанын гядим
шящярляриндян бири олан Шякидя анадан олмушдур.
2. О, орта мяктяби Шяки шящяриндя битирдикдян сонра
Азярбайъанын пайтахты Бакы шящяриня эялмишдир.
3. О, Бакыда али тящсил алдыгдан сонра юз доьма шящяриня
гайытмамаг гярарына эялди.
4. Сяадят Дювлят Тибб университетини битирдикдян сонра щяким
олуб.
5. О даим бцтцн инсанлара кюмяк етмяйя чалышыр.
6. О, щеч вахт щяким сянятини диэяр сянятляря дяйишя билмяз.
7. Сяадят деди ки, бу эцн бир чох йолухуъу хястяликляр юлкямиздя
йайыла билмяз.
8. Яэяр инсанлара лазыми сящиййя гайьылары ъюстярилмязся онлар
узун юмцр сцря билмязляр.
II. Find the Past Simple form in the text and write all the infinitive
forms of the verbs.
194
III. Complete the sentences by usung the adverbs.
(last week, last summer, two years, ago, when they were at
school, when I was a little boy, yesterday, three years ago, the day
before yesterday, next winter, this spring).
1. The pupils of our group wanted to discuss a number of
questions about our new school.
2. She did not often go to the new zoo with our best students.
3. The new alarm-clock never wakes him up in the morning.
4. They left their old house and moved to a new flat.
5. I wanted all my friends to come and see me at school.
6. She told me that the Hasanovs decided to come to our place.
7. They often try to visit their friends living far from their place.
VI. Translate the text, put some questions to the text, then retell it
to your friends.
My Home
The house I live in is a block of flats. It is in the suburb of the
city. In our house there are several flats on each storey. Ours is a
comfortable three-room flat on the second floor. We moved into
this new flat together with many other families of the workers of
the factory at which my father works.
To get home from the Institute I usually take a tram. Sometimes
I go home by bus, especially if I am late for dinner. I get off the
tram at the tram stop which is not far from our house. The house
stands around the fine garden .
We are five in the family. My father is a middleaged man. He
works at a big car factory. My mother is a housewife. She is always
busy with her work, though in our new flat it is much easier to keep
house than it was in old one. Now we have all the services in our
flat.
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LESSON NINE (THE NINTH LESSON)
MY FAVOURITE WRITER
Jack London is my favourite writer. His books are realistic and
true to life. And that is why I think him to be one of the best
American writers. Jack London was born in 1876 in San-Fransisco.
At the age of ten he began to earn for his living.
In 1894 he attended Oakland high school for a short time and
then had a year at the University of California.
In 1897 he took part in the Klondike gold rush. Jack London
found no gold, but he could accumulate much experience and
material for his stories and novels.
In 1902 he visited London. For three monthes J. London lived
in the slums of East End and saw the life of its inhabitants. In his
book “The people of the Abyss” he gave a realistic picture of the
life of people in London`s East End.
J. London was a member of the American Labour party and
took an active part in the working class movement. He took great
interest in the Russian revolution of 1905, and in his novel “The
Iron Heel”, written under the influence of this revolution, J.
London gave a vivid picture of the working class struggle.
J. London published about fifty books: short stories, novels, and
essays. Many of his stories deal with sea life and adventures. One of
his best publications is “Martin Iden”, a semi-biographical novel.
The story of the “Love of life” was one of his beloved stories as
well and it is still estimated one of the strongest stories.
Exercises
I. Learn the patterns given below
a). I think him to be … . - Америка йазычыларындан бири
олмаг.
198
- йахшы мцяллим олмаг
- танынмыш бир йазычы олмаг
b). He took great interest in … - Азярбайъан тарихиня
- Азярбайъан ядябиййатына
- тялябялярин тящсилиня
200
VI. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Диккенс мяним ян севимли йазычыларымдан биридир.
2. Мян ону юз дюврцнцн ян йахшы шаири щесаб едирям.
3. Сиз бу эцнкц конфрансда иштирак етмяк истяйирсинизми?
4. Танынмыш йазычы Т. Драйзер юлцмцндян бир ил яввял коммунист
партийасына дахил олуб.
5. Биз бцтцн гядим биналарын архитектурасы иля марагланырыг.
VII. Complete the sentences by using the given phrases.
At the age of ten J. London … during his illness
In 1897 he took part … is a semi-biographical novel.
He could easily accumulate … In the Klondike gold rush
He took an active part … began to earn for his living.
Jack London published … much experience and
material.
One of his best publications or his stories and novels.
“Martin Eden” in the slums of East End
in the working class
movement.
III. Complete the sentences by using the adverbs here. ( last week,
last summer, yesterday, three years ago, many years ago, then, at
that time, the day before yesterday, the day after tomorrow.)
1. They don‟t give us new English textbooks. 2. He always begins
his work in early morning. 3. His junior sister thinks much about
his future profession. 4. They wanted to buy a new car last
Saturday. 5. She doesn`t always write letters to her friends. 6. They
never have their breakfast at home. 7. I am going to meet them all
in the street.
IV. Open the brackets and use the verbs in the Past Indefinite
Tense form.
1. He (you come) to see me the day before yesterday.
2. Where you (to see) him? At the concert two days ago.
3. You (to go) to see her yesterday evening? Yes, I … .
4. He (to sit) down at his desk and (to store) out of the window.
5. At half past four I (to put) on the lights in my room.
6. My sister (to write) me a letter a week ago.
202
7. The day before yesterday we (to have supper) at his place.
8. Ann (to go) to see them some days ago.
9. They (to see) Eldar in the language laboratory last Friday.
10. We (to hear) much about their hobbies.
VI. Complete the sentences by using the verbs in the Past Simple
Tense form.
When I came home I was hungry a little.
a) to be very tired to prepare lessons. b) to have tea and cakes in
the kitchen.
When I came home after classes
to be glad to see my nephew there; to have supper with my family
TEXT: TO DO SHOPPING
GRAMMAR: CONTINUOUS TENSES
TO DO SHOPPING
When we want to buy something for the family, we must go to
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the shop where we can buy everything we want. But in our family
my father always goes shopping. Some days ago my father felt ill
and my mother told me to do shopping myself.
That day I took a shopping bag and left the house for the
market. When I was going there I met Arif, a friend of mine, who
was also going shopping. We both went to the supermarket, which
was not far from our house. There one can by everything he needs.
It is a large two-storied building with a grocery shop on the first
floor.
If you want to buy any clothes, you must go to the men‟s and
boys‟ or ladies‟ and girls‟ out fitter‟s. Except of all these you will
buy boots and shoes at the boot and shoe shop, jewelery and silver
and gold watches at the jeweler‟s, cigarettes at the tobacconist‟s,
and books at the bookseller‟s.
207
a salesman [`seilzm7n] сатыъы (киши, оьлан)
208
except of all – бунлардан савайы, башга
209
department store; a new grocery department; a lot of very
appetizing-looking things; to pass by without noticing; in the shop-
window; at the grocer‟s; as well as; different types of bread; to be
sold; at the baker‟s; at the butcher‟s‟ at the green-grocer‟s; various
kinds of sweets; at the confectioner‟s‟ to go to the ladies and girl‟s
outfitters; except of all; the shoe department; at the jeweler‟s; at the
tobacconist‟s; at the bookseller‟s; a man standing behind the
counter; at the cash desk; to serve the customer; when buying
things; a bill for pay; need to be weighed; to weigh on the scales;
any item needed to be wrapped.)
210
5) For the time Yusif was paying for sugar and tea in the
grocery.
211
V. Translate the sentences and use them in negative form according
to the patterns.
Jamal was going to find a black pair of shoes for his family in a
foot-wear department.
2). Чюряк мящсулларыны бир гайда олараг атам дейил, анам алыр.
Shop assist: Here you are. Take and have a look at it.
Customer: I think this one is better for him, and the price then?
Shop assist: It is not very expensive and costs five dollars in all.
Customer: Yes, you are right. Where can I pay for it then?
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Shop assist: Over there, please.
9. I advised him to wear a white shirt and black tie for the party.
10. You must try this pair on again, and see that it is just for the
party.
11. The shop assistant wrote us a bill to take to the cash desk.
12. I payed the bill at once and waited the woman to give my
change.
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Grammar exercises to be done in class.
4. The saleswoman went into the store and soon came back.
8. I noticed him struck a match and lit his pipe in the room.
9. The tourists were looking for a counter where shirts were sold.
10. What do you think about the new type of shirts to bye?
1. You must (to pay) the bill for the goods at once.
2. They have (to get) a few new shirts and ties for us.
5. She will not (to forget) going to the baker‟s (to buy) some
bread.
216
12. The younger salesgirls (to serve) only children.
4. The boy (to try on) the new fashion raincoat there.
5. The new customer (to come) nearer (to take) the new coat.
7. This (to be) the most famous department store in our street.
1. When did Jack lose those books? (walk about the city park).
2. What time did they ring you up? (have breakfast with the
family).
4. Where can they meet her? (cross the street at five yesterday).
5. Whom did she buy this raincoat for? (her elder sister).
217
b) What are they buying here? (a pair of shoes). They are buying a
pair of shoes.
5. Why didn‟t she put her question to us? (busy with writing).
218
VII. Translate into English according to the Text.
1. Сиз щара эедирсиниз? Мян дярсими гуртарыб универмаьа эедирям.
2. Биз евя эяляндя сиз щансы маьазайа эетмяк истяйирдиниз?
3. Онларын бир нечя аь кюйняйи вя бир нечя дя галстуку вар.
4. Галантерейа сюбясиндя (leather department) чохлу хариъи
чанталар вар. 5. Сиз инди айаггабы сюбясиня эетсяниз орадан истянилян
ушаг айаггабысы ала билярсиниз. 6. Сиз базара эедяндя чанта
эютцрмяйи унутмайын. 7. Сатыъы оьлан колбасаны тярязидя чякиб,
каьыза бцкцб мяня узатды.
IX. Memorize the dialogue and make up your own dialogue on this
topic.
Shop assistant: Well madam, what can I do for you?
Ann: I would like to have one kilogram of flour at 2000 manat,
two kilogram of butter at 10000 manat, and of course one kilogram
of cheese at twelve thousand. And by the way have you got any
sugar now?
Shop assistant: Yes, of course, we‟ve got both lump sugar and as
well as granulated sugar on sale to day.
Ann: But how much is the lump of sugar then?
Shop assistant: the price of the sugar is one thousand and five
hundred.
Ann: I‟ll take one kilogram and a half of the sugar. And how
much shall I pay for all. Please, count them for me now. How much
does it all come to?
Shop assistant: Weighing out all the foods together she said:
“Now listen I‟ll tell you the total sum. It would be seventy
thousand all together.
Ann: Here you are! Thank you very much.
219
Good bye!
Good bye!
220
LESSON ELEVEN (THE ELEVENTH LESSON)
TEXT: HOW PEOPLE TRAVEL
GRAMMAR: EQUIVALENTS OF THE MODAL VERBS
224
In summer many people leave “Shahidlar Khiyabanih”;
towns and cities… “ElmляrAcademiyaсы”;
Many people like to travel by to spend my summer
vacation
a at the seaside;
as it iis the fastest way of
travelling;
r
one must have enough time
If you travel by train…
As for me I prefer …
225
A. No, only single3, please.
B. good bye.
A. Excuse me madam.
226
vacation?
10. Did you take a train when your vacation come to an end?
4. She couldn‟t finish her work now (by 7 o‟clock in the evening).
1. Don‟t tell Mary to speak (to her about your birthday party).
228
4. Don‟t telephone the Hasanovs to meet you (at the airport).
1. She will open the windows and you … smoke here for long.
They were allowed to come to the lesson in time, were not they?
8. the students of the law faculty were not eager to answer for the
teachers questions … .
230
VII. Translate the sentences into English language.
8. His only desire was to enter the post graduate courses of the
231
University
10. One early morning they left their house and went to the
country.
IX. Retell the passage, then put necessary questions to the text.
At six o‟clock the servant entered the American‟s room and saw
that his master was sleeping. He took a sheet of paper and wrote on
it some words. Then he left the room.
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LESSON TWELVE (THE TWELVTH LESSON)
II. Translate the passage into your native language and then
retell it.
A short story
The teacher: Listen, Tommy! There are four flies on the table. I
kill one fly. How many flies are there on the table?
Tommy: One fly. The dead fly.
VII. Open the brackets and use the verbs in correct forms.
1. This new building (to be built) in our city now. 2. Many
241
students (to be sent) to study in our country. 3. The teacher (to be
found) a number of mistakes in his control work. 4. Different types
of ships (to be sent) for the transportation of oil products from our
republic. 5. Caspian Sea (to be used) to carry out all kinds of
products to many countries. 6. Foreign guests (to be interested) in
oil resources of the country in the sea. 7. Many experts (to be
invited) to come and see every thing themselves. 8. Various types of
foreign cars (to be seen) in every street of the city now.
242
LESSON THIRTEEN (THE THIRTEENTH LESSON)
TEXT: BAKI THE CAPITAL OF AZERBAIJAN
BAKI
Baki, the capital of independent Azerbaijan, is situated on the
west coasts of the Caspian Sea.
Baki entered – upon a new stage of its history from the XIX
century. The town began to grow rapidly as navigation and trade
developed and as the mineral wealth of Absheron was tapped.
We all are proud of our native town for its rich history,
traditions, culture and great economic achievements. Many foreign
companies have their representatives in Baki now. Embassies from
all over the world are functioning in Baki to day.
244
back [b5k] арха, эери
245
to produce [pr7`dju:s] истещсал етмяк
246
achievement [7`t3i:vm7nt] наилиййт, эюстяриъи
II. Give the English equivalents of the following words and word
combinations
III. Translate into English by using the new words from the text
“Baki”
247
IV. Transalate the followings into the Azerbaijani language
248
2) Was Baki the capital in ancient times?
249
(to like, to be fond of, to admire, to wonder).
(on, in, at, under, to, into, out of, from, off)
III. Change the following sentences into the Present Perfect, and
translate them into your native language.
250
LESSON FOURTEEN (THE FOURTEENTH LESSON)
TEXT: AZERBAIJAN YOUTH
AZERBAIJAN YOUTH
October 18th is a remarkable day for Azerbaijan people. On that
day in 1991 Azerbaijan got its independence and now lives as a
sovereign Republic. So the Azerbaijan youth began their new and
happy life. The young people of Azerbaijan have always been the
first, where the situation was mostly difficult.
251
New words and word combinitions.
252
responsible [ris`p6ns7bl] ъавабдещ, мясулиййятли
253
- эянъляр форумунда иштирак едим.
II. Open the brackets and use the Past Perfect Tense Form.
1. When I came home I saw that somebody (to leave) a book
for me, to translate.
2. The letter was written before he (to came) to Baki.
3. He said that he wrote his exercises before the rain (to stop).
4. We left the village before you (to come) there.
5. My mother (to finish) her work before we returned from the
University, yesterday evening.
III. Open the brackets and use the verbs’ correct tense forms.
1. I (to tell) him I (to read) the book some years ago.
2. He (to finish) his work by 7 o‟clok yesterday.
3. When you (to ring) me up, I (to be) at home for two hours.
4. He (to enter) the room, (to sit down) at a table, (to take) a
letter out of his bag and (to begin) to read it to us.
5. Last summer we (to go) to London with our family.
6. Tomorrow Ali (to leave) Baki for Moscow by plane.
7. Two days ago my friend (to get) a letter from his parents.
8. When Tom (to come) to work he (to be told) that he (to be
dismissed).
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LESSON FIFTEEN (THE FIFTEENTH LESSON)
MOTHER’S DAY
One of the most remarkable holidays in the world is the
Mother‟s Day. This holiday is celebrated mostly in USA and
Canada over the years long. And all the people in these countries
make the efforts and sacrifice much more for their mother‟s sake.
An American man told the following: We decided that we‟d do
everything we could make our Mother happy. And my father
decided to take a holiday from his office and my sister and I stayed
at home from college and Mary and my brother will stay at home
from school.
The two girls thought it would be a nice thing to dress in our
best one for such a big occasion and so they both got new hats, and
father bought silk ties for himself and for us and boys chosed nice
souvenirs to congratulate our Mother. We bought a new hat, some
nice presents she liked very much. Then we decided for a surprise
to hire a motorcar and to arrange a beautiful drive to the country.
And Mother is hardly ever able to have a treat like that because she
is busy in the house nearly all the time.
So my Mother took some sandwiches band made up a sort of
lunch in case we got hungry. She packed it all up in a basket for us.
When the car came to the door, it turned out that there hardly
seemed as much room in it as we had supposed and it was plain
enough that we couldn‟t all get in.
Father told us not to mind him, he said that he could just as well
stay home, as there was a lot of work that he could do. But of
course we all felt that it would never do2 to let father stay home.
The two girls would gladly have stayed and helped the maid get
dinner. The girls both said, that Mother had only to say the word,
and they‟d gladly stay home and work. Bill and I would have
dropped out3 but unfortunately we wouldn‟t have been any use in
getting the dinner.
And in the end it was decided that Mother would stay home and
just have a lovely restful day round the house, and get the dinner.
256
The weather was just a little bit cold and fresh out of doors and
father was rather afraid that mother might take cold if she came.
He said he would never forgive himself if he dragged Mother ro-
und the country and let her take a severe cold. And so we all drove
away with three cheers for Mother, and Mother stood and watched
us for as long as she could see us.
The time was quite late when we got book, but Mother had
guessed that we would be late, so she kept back the dinner so as to
have it just nicely ready and hot for us.
Our dinner party lasted a long while, and was a great fun, and
when it was all over all of us wanted to help clear the things up and
wash the dishes, only Mother said that she would much rather do it
herself.
The time passed quickly and when it was all over, and when we
all kissed Mother before going to bed, she said it had been the most
wonderful day in her life, and probably there were tears in her eyes.
And of course we all felt awfully repaid for all that we had done.
1. Mother‟s Day – “Ана Эцнц” щяр илин Май айынын биринъи эцнц
Америка Бирляшмиш Штатларында вя Канадада кечирилир.
2. It would never do – беля етмяк щеч ъцр йарамаз.
3. Bill and I would have dropped out … Билл вя мян дястядян
чыха билярдик.
New words and word combinations.
remarkable [ri`ma:k7bl] эюзял, гяшянэ
to celebrate [`sel9breit] кечирмяк ( ад эцiнц, байрам)
mostly [`moustli] ясасян, демяк олар ки
an effort [`ef7t] сяй, ъящд
sacrifice [`s5krifais] гурбан вермяк, гурбан
occasion [7`kei=7n] щадися, мцнасибят,
вязиййят
on the occasion мцнасибятиля
silk [silk] ипяк /материал/
souvenir [`su:v7ni7] фр. ярмаьан, сувенир
to surprise [s7`praiz] тяяъъцблянмяк
motor car [`m6ut7ka:] машын, автомобил
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to drive [draiv] сцрмяк (машын, ат вя с.)
to drive away говмаг; чыхыб эетмяк
arrange [7`reind=] тяшкил етмяк, гайдайа салмаг
sandwich [`s5nwid=] бутерброд
treat [tri:t] гонаг етмяк, дявят
room [ru:m] отаг; йер
pack up [p5k] габлашдырмаг /няйися/
basket [`ba:skit] зянбил, сябят, чанта
turn out [`t7:n aut] ишдян чыхармаг; говмаг
plain [plein] щамар; садя, айдын
mind (smb.) [maind] аьыл, дцшцнъя; етираз етмяк
gladly [`gl5dli] севинъля, фярящля
maid [meid] гыз; хидмятчи гыз
drop out [`dr6p aut] чыхармаг; салмаг
/ялиндян /.
unfortunately [0n`f6:t3nitli] бядбяхтликдян, тяяссцф ки
restful [`restful] истиращят цчцн йарарлы
fresh [fre3] тязя, тяр /мейвя,тярявяз вя с./
drag [dr5g] чякиб апармаг, дашымаг
severe [`s9v97] кяскин, сярт
guess [ges] тапмаг /няйинся щяллини/
kiss [k9s] юпмяк /цзцндян/.
wonderful [`w0nd7ful] эюзял, гяшянэ
probably [`prob7bli] тяхминян, эцман ки
tear [ti7] эюз йашы
cheer [t3i7] рущландырмаг
rather [`ra:17] даща (чох), нисбятян (йахшы) вя с.
Notes on the text.
to turn out баш вермяк in the end ахырда
to be becoming to олмаг at the end (of) сонда
in case яэяр,-са,-ся out of doors кянарда
in the way бу ъцр to get up and down ашаьы-
йухары
in fact щягигятян back and forward ениб-
галхмаг дала-габаьа
Notes on the text.
to arrange a drive – сяфяря чыхмаг планы щазырламаг;
to turn out that – беля олур ки/ола билир ки,
258
to have dropped out – чыхмаг оларды; чыха билярди.
to take a severe cold – бярк сойуг дяймяк
Geographical names:
USA – United States of America
Canada – Canada
XI. Tell your friends about the performance you saw last.
XII . Use the sentences in indirect speech, then explain.
1. The new customer said: The shoe is too expensive for me now.
2. She asked the salesman: “Please bring me any kind of shirt, size
forty or forty one”.
3. I told the shop assistant: “I have already chosen the shirt for
my daughter in the morning”.
5. She asked her friend: “What do you think about the material?”
9. The new customer said: “Where can I buy any kind of cigarette
lighter or a match now”.
269
10. The saleswoman said: “You have to try to find a new type of
leather suitcase”.
AZERBAIJAN LITERATURE
Literature brings us up together, creating a spiritual kindship
among peoples. Azerbaijan literary tradition has always been as a
humanistic one.
Since the ancient times Azerbaijan has been called “Odlar
Yurdu” (Land of Fires) and “Shairляр Yurdu” (Land of Poetry).
Azerbaijan literature has the ancient roots. The people`s first
literary creations were known as myths and legends. The most
famous of these is the legend of King Astiag. From the 4th to 9th
centuries A. D. Azerbaijanians created heroic legends about the
fearless Babek. In the 12th century on the basis of oral folk
literature the classical poetry came into being. Its leading
representative was geat N. Ganjavih.
In the 16th century there was a flowering period of our poetry.
At this time great Fizulih created his world renowned philosophical
and lyrical ghazals and poems. Fizulih`s poetry was imbued with
the spirit of a profound humanism. Many dastans were created
during this period, among them the immortal epos of Koroghlu, of
course.
In the second half of the 18th century, Vagif and Vidadih closed
the medieval era and began a new Azerbaijanian poetic tradition.
The work “qoshma” of both authors was realistic and reflected
human emotions.
The 19th century marked as a new page in the Azerbaijan
literature and life. Close ties developed between the Azerbaijan and
world literature, especially with Russian and European writers.
Azerbaijan readers became acquanted with the works by Pushkin,
Tolstoy and the representatives of the French Enlightment
Voltasre, Diderotite.
These grandiose changes in the people`s life found their
reflection in the work of a great pliad realists led by M. F.
Akhundov. He laid the foundations for Azerbaijan drama and
prose for the first time.
272
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in Azerbaijan literature
critical realism reached its apex. J. Mammadguluzade, Sabir,
Narimanov and some others, depicted the awakening of East. After
them M. Ordubady, J. Jabbarly, M. Mushfiq, S. Vurgun and many
others developed and advanced Azerbaijan literature.
New words and word combinations.
to bring up бюйцтмяк, йетишдирмяк
to creat [`krieit] йаратмаг, дцзялтмяк
creation [kr9:`ei3n] йарадыъылыг, йараныш
spirit [`sp9r9t] рущ, рущ йцксяклийи, няфяс
spiritual [`spiritju7l] рущи,мяняви
kind [kaind] мещрибан, мцлайим; нюв
kindship [`k9n39p] гощумлуг; йахынлыг
tradition [tr7`di3n] ян`яня, гойулуш
ancient [`ein37nt] гядим, кечмиш
root [ru:t] кюк (аьаъын)
myth [mi4] миф, яфсаня
legend [`led=7nd] яфсаня, уйдурма
fear [fi7] горху, тяшвиш
fearless [`fi7l9s] горхусуз, горхмаз
base [beis] бцнювря, ясас
oral [`6r7l] шифащи, аьыз
folk [fouk] халг, фолклор
to bloom [blu:m] чичякля(н)мяк
to lead [li:d] апармаг, рящбярлик етмяк
representative [, repri`zent7tiv] нцмайяндя, щей'ят
flower [flau7] чичяклямяк, бюйцмяк
renown [ri`naun] шан, шющрят, танынмаг
renowned [ri`naund] эюркямли, мяшщур
to imbue [`imbju:] рущландырмаг
profound [pr7`found] дярин, эизли, кюклц
immortal [I`m6:tl] юлмяз, ябяди йашар
to tie [tai] баьламаг, бянд етмяк
ties [taiz] баьлар, телляр; ялагяляр
to become acquainted таныш олмаг, йахынлашмаг
to reflect [ri`flekt] якс етмяк (олунмаг)
apex [`eipeks] зирвя,баш /щисся/
to depict [di`pikt] чякмяк (шякил), йаратмаг
273
to awake [7`weik] ойанмаг, ойатмаг
to advance [7`dva:ns] ирялилямяк, габаьа эетмяк
medieval [,med9`i:v7l] орта ясрляр /тяйин кими/
emotion [9`mou37n] щисс-щяйаъан, емосийа
VII. Translate the sentences then explain the short forms of all
the auxiliary verbs.
1. I tried to find my friend‟s telephone but I couldn‟t.
2. As soon as he comes I‟ll translate my article you know it.
3. If I‟m well to night I‟ll invite my friend to the cinema.
4. When I met him before I couldn‟t learn his new address.
5. I‟ll write you a letter if he can‟t do it himself.
6. When she finishes her hometask we‟ll go to the exhibition.
7. They do not want to wait him as far as they are ready to go
now.
8. When I found him at home I couldn‟t believe for that.
9. As soon as I write a letter let him try it again.
10. They will not have their supper as soon as mother returns.
XI. Translate the passage and put some questions to the text.
Mark Twain was once invited by one of his friends to go to the
opera. His friend was very rich. He and his wife had their own box
at the opera. During the opera his friend‟s wife talked all the time
and talked rather loudly. She talked so much that it was often
difficult for Mark Twain to listen to the opera.
Towards the end of the opera she turned to Mark Twain and
said: “ Oh, my dear, I want you to be with us again next Friday
night. I‟m sure you will like it. The opera will be “Carmen”.
“Thank you very much”, said Mark Twain, “that will be fine , I
have never heard you in “Carmen”.
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LESSON EIGHTEEN (THE EIGHTEENTH LESSON)
TEXT: NIZAMIH GANJAVIH
GRAMMAR: REVISION
NIZAMIH GANJAVIH
The great poet and thinker Nizamih Ganjavih is one of the rare
geniuses whose creative activity forms a distinctive and original
stage in the history of the development of world culture.
Nizamih Ganjavih was born in 1141 in an ordinary
azerbaijanian family. His father was a townsman, the poet calls his
mother a “Kurd lady”. His father died very young and Nizamih
was obliged to earn his living.
The creative activity of the poet shows that he got full
madrasah education, so he was extremely well-educated for his
time.
He studied persian and Arabian languages and was thoroughly
versed in such fields of science as philosophy, theology, astronomy,
chemistry, mathematics, medicine etc. He was especially interested
in history. His spiritual life was extraordinary rich. It was reflected
in his “Quintuple” (Khamsa) and the lyrical “Divan”.
Shortly before the death of his beloved wife Afag Nizamih
completed his first long poem “The Storehouse of Mysteries”. In
this poem he expressed his cheeriest dream of the power of the free
poetic word, voices his view on various problems of human life,
government of the country, the labour of man etc.
After the death of Afag Nizamih wrote his immortal poem
“Khosrov and Shirin”. After words this of poem became very
popular all over the world.
New words
279
superb [`sju:`p7:b] ъялаллы, тямтяраглы, эюзял
282
VIII. Change the sentences into Passive voice.
X. Open the brackets and use the verbs in necessary tense forms,
and translate the sentences
283
7. All the members of our parliament (to be) agree with the
speaker‟s speech in the congress.
8. The minister of foreign affairs of the republic {(o
become)very anxious when the guests touched the problem
of “Dagliq Garabagh” in the meeting.
9. My friend (to win) the first prize for his last research work
on physics.
10. He (to try) a lot for to become a good interpreter of English
Language.
11. He (to proved) that he had a deep knowledge of computer
science.
12. He (to explain) to his group mates that he is able to pass his
oral exams successfully.
284
LESSON NINETEEN (THE NINETEENTH LESSON)
When Fatalih was only two years old, his father returned to his
native town. So little Fatalih spent his early childhood in Southen
Azerbaijan. Then he returned to Shakih with his mother. His
mother‟s uncle Hajih Alaskar adopted Fatalih and wanted to give
him a good education. First Fatalih went to mollakhana. But at
that time a new Russian school was opened in Shakih. Fatalih
began to attend this school, but he couldn‟t finish it. Fatalih began
to learn Russian language independently.
285
Akhundov wrote six comedies and one story. In each of them
Akhundov depicted life, way and manner of his native people, his
dreams and aspirations in everything.
287
to give a good education [`edju:`kei3n] - йахшы тящсил вермяк
288
III. Answer the following questions basing to the text only
1. M. F. Akhundov made …
2. His role was …
3. M. F. Akhundov was born in …
4. He was brought up …
5. When Fatalih was only two years old …
6. He moved to Tiflis and began …
7. He is the first Azerbaijanian writer …
8. M. F. Akhundov was …
9. M. F. Akhundov said: …
289
1. Азярбайъанын бюйцк оьлу М. Ф. Ахундов Азярбайъанын
гядим шящяри олан Шякидя анадан олмушдур.
2. Йени дюврдя Азярбайъан ядябиййатынын инкишафында М. Ф.
Ахундовун бюйцк ролу олмушдур.
3. М. Ф. Ахундовун анасынын дайысы истяйирди ки, балаъа Фятяли
моллаханада охусун.
4. Кичик Фятяли рус дили вя ядябиййатына бюйцк мараг эюстярирди.
Она эюря дя Фятяли Шякидя ачылмыш рус мяктябиня эетди.
5. М. Ф. Ахундов милйонларла охуъунун щюрмят вя ряьбятини
газанмышдыр.
a) M. F. Akhundov is a translater
b) M. F. Akhundov is a teacher
290
c) M. F. Akhundov is a public figure
IX. Open the brackets and use the given infinitives in necessary
tense forms, and translate the sentences into your native language.
1. When Rashad (to come) to the hall he (to see) that his
friends (to take their seats) already.
2. She (to see) the girl whom she (to meet) often at concerts.
3. Tony Bicket (to say) that he (to pay) always in time for
sweets.
4. All the tourists (to come) to our country from foreign
countries were very glad to see famous boulward in Baki.
5. The young guide (to meet) our new guests was rather
anxious for such a situation.
6. The reporter (to announce) that our national team won the
play again.
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LESSON TWENTY (THE TWENTIETH LESSON)
He began to write verses very early-at the age of 13, but his
works were published very late. The poems he had written before
the age of 44 were mostly ghazels. Sabir began his creative work as
a great satirist only when he was 44 years old. He created his main
works during the period of less than five years (1906-1911). His
292
first poem was published in 1903 in the newspaper “Shargi Rus”
(Eastern Russia). Sabir was one of the poets whose works were
mostly published there. Thus Sabir stepped into the world of press
as a great humanist and thinker with a rich life experience. The aim
of the poet was to defend the progressive thought of the age, the
main problems of people‟s life and future. At the same time Sabir
was an outstanding people‟s teacher in Balakhanih, he was at the
same time one of the collaborators of the newspaper “Sadah”
(Echo) and others. Sabir was a poet who didn‟t repeat any other
poet. A new contents and a new perfect and interesting form are
organically connected in his every poem. Sabir wrote in simple
language understandable for the masses.
293
shopkeeper [`36pki:p7] маьаза сащиби, дцканчы
295
V. Translate the sentences into English language
297
11. Our republic is very famous for its rich oil industry for
many years.
12. The last earth quake in the country was happened a long
time before.
13. I tried not to miss the train going from Baki to the South –
East of our vast country.
298
LESSON TWENTY-ONE (THE TWENTY-FIRST LESSON)
II. Open the brackets and use the verbs in their corresponding
tense forms.
1. Great Britain (to produce) various textile products.
2. Last century United Kingdom (to be) an agrarian country.
3. The members of the House of Lords (to elect).
4. English people (to say) that not they (not-need) a king or a
queen.
5. England (to send) many food products abroad.
TEXT: LONDON
GRAMMAR: REVIEW
LONDON
инэилисъя данышмаг
304
дцнйанын бюйцк шящярляриндя олмаг
Бюйцк Биританийада
305
2). How many main parts are there in London?
306
VII. Complete the following sentences with necessary words.
307
308
LESSON TWENTY-THREE (THE TWENTY-THIRD LESSON)
GRAMMAR: REVIEW
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
W. Shakespeare was born in the house preserved as his
birthplace in Stratford in 1564 where he spent his early years. At
that time Stratford was prosperous, it was known as a good market
place and had appreciable contacts with the outside world.
Shakespeare came from good middle-class parentage on both sides.
His mother Mary Arden was a daughter of a farmer and father
John Shakespeare was a whittawer by trade, who is also described
as a yeoman.
William was the eldest son and the third child of the marriage
and at the time of his birth John Shakespeare took an active part in
munisipal affairs. William received his early education at the local
grammar school. Little more than eighteen William married to
Anne Nothaway, daughter of well respected, substantional yeoman
family, established in Stratford. Anne was 26 and marriage took
place in 1582. in 1583 his first child-daughter Susanna was born,
then twins Hammet and Judith. Later Shakespeare left Stratford
and spent the busiest years of his life in London. During the first
years of his life in London he had to go through many hardships.
Shakespeare resumed his connection with his native town once his
success as a playwright was assured. The quartest of all English
authors, William Shakespeare belongs to the geniuses of mankind
who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. For
more than 25 years Shakespeare had been associated with the best
theatres of England. His activities as a dramatist, poet and
proprietor lasted till the year of 1612 when he retired from the
stage. During his literary work he produced 37 plays, two narrative
309
poems and 154 sonnets. He is a glory of world literature.
Shakespeare died at the age of fifty-two in 1616 and buried in
the chancel of the Parish Church of Stratford.
310
to receive [ri`si:v] гябул етмяк, алмаг
311
to retire on a pension тягацдя чыхмаг /эетмяк
Exercises to do in class:
aтасындан…
(эюзял бир йер кими; хатиря комплекси кими; еркян ушаглыг илляри;
тиъарят йери кими; ортабаб аиля; кичик торпаг сащибкары аилясиндян;
аилядя цчцнъц ушаг; аилядя ян бюйцк ушаг; он сяккиз йашындан бир аз
артыг (чох); якиз ушаглар; тойу олмаг; дцнйа мядяниййят тарихиндя;
драматург кими; дцнйа ядябиййатынын фяхри)
VII. Open the brackets and use the verbs in the Past Simple or
the Present Simple Tense forms.
1. W. Shakespear is an actor.
2. W. Shakespear is a poet.
3. W. Shakespear is a playwright.
4. W. Shakespeare‟s literary career.
5. Why W.Shakespeare was so famous in the world.
IX. Translate the passage and then retell the short content by
your own words.
Lear was soon to learn how wrong he had been for many years
time. Cordelia had no sooner gone than the devilish disposition of
314
her sisters began to show itself in its true colours. The sisters
neglected him and so did their servant. They were cruel to him and
soon deprived him of all his rights. If he could see the results
beforhand he wouldn‟t have acted as he had…
Good Name
W. Shakespear
315
316
LESSON TWENTY-FOUR (THE TWENTY-FOURTH
LESSON)
Яэяр тяк исимляр -с, -сс, -х, -ъщ, -сщ вя -о щярфляри иля битярся беля
исимлярин ъями исимлярин сонуна - ес шякилчиси артырылмагла дцзялир. Бу
щалда - ес сонлуьу [iz] кими охунур, мяс.:
Исмин сону -f щярфи иля битярся -ес ялавя олунаркян –ф щярфи -в-йя
чеврилир вя исим -ес сонлуьуну гябул едир, мяс.:
(Бу исимляр щям тякдя, щям дя ъямдя щесаб олунур). Бя'зи мцряк-
кяб исимлярин ъями ашаьыдакы гайда иля дцзялир:
325
schoolboy – schoolboys
housewife – housewives
postman – postmen
1. Инэилис дилиндя исмин йийялик щалы ики йолла дцзялир. Исмин йийялик
щалы тяк исимлярин сонуна - „s, ъямдя олуб -s-ля битян исимлярдя ися
тякъя апостроф („) ялавя етмякля дцзялдилир, мяс.:
326
б) фясил, ай вя эцн адларыны билдирян исимлярдя:
ъ) диэяр сюзлярдя:
the moon‟s light (ай ишыьы); the wind‟s power (кцляйин эцъц)
ARTICLE (Артикле)
a book an apple
a hand an author
Мцгайися един:
Мцгайися един:
Артиклын ишлядилмяси.
ъ) мцряккяб сифятляр:
333
famous – more famous – (the) most famous
Сифятлярин ишлядилмяси.
334
Baki is more beautiful than Ganja today.
335
1) This book is the most interesting of all the books.
Бу (китаб) бцтцн китаблардан мараглыдыр.
2) This boy is the strongest of all the boys in our school.
Мцгайися олунан шяхсин йериня шяхс явязлийи иля бярабяр тя‟сирлик
щалында олан явязлик дя ишлянир, мяс.:
Тяк Тяк
Ъям Ъям
337
I We – биз Us - бизи, бизя
Адлыг явязлийи who (ким), обйект явязлийи ися whom (кимя, кими)
суалларына ъаваб олур.
338
III His (онун)
Her (онун)
Its (онун)
Йийялик явязликляри
Сифят функсийалы Исим функсийалы
340
Тякдя: that – that tree (о аьаъ)
б) Гощумлуг сорушуланда:
Who is this girl to you? (Бу гыз сянин няйиндир?) – This girl is my
sister? (Бу гыз мяним баъымдыр)
341
2) Whose (кимин) – ъцмлянин тяйининя (ъанлы) суал вериляркян
ишлядилир;
1. Соме “бязи”, “щяр щансы”, “ня ися”, “бир гядяр”, “бир нечя”,
мяналарына маликдир вя ясасян тясдиг ъцмлялярдя ишлянир, мяс.:
There are some students in the room. Отагда бир нечя (бязи)
тялябя вар.
I have some English books. Мяним бир нечя мараглы инэилис дили
китабым вар.
343
Some исми явязлик кими ъцмлядя мцбтяда, тамамлыг
функсийасында ишляня биляр вя Азярбайъан дилиня ъям щалда тяръцмя
олунур, мяс.:
Мцгайися един:
Тясдигдя Суалда
There are some books on the table. Are there any books on the
table?
We have got some good friends. Have you got any good friends?
Вя йахуд да
I have got some books with me. Have you got any book with you?
Мцгайися един:
Are there some trees in the street. There are no trees in the
street
Are there any girls in your group? There are no girls in our
group.
345
no one (щеч бири, щеч кяс)
Have you got much time? Have you got many books?
ГЕЙД: little бязян зярф кими дя ишляня билир, мяс.: Every day I
rest too little - Щяр эцн мян чох аз истиращят едирям.
347
You don‟t mind my coming to school again.
350
Ъерундла фели - сифят I- ин фярги.
Ъерундла фели-сифят бир ейни морфоложи яламятя (- ing) маликдир. Она
эюря дя бир чох щалларда бу ики мяфщуму бир-бириндян сечмяк
мцмкцн олмур. Анъаг нитгдя ишлянмя вя диэяр сюзлярля ялагяйя
эирмяляриня эюря ъерундла фели-сифят I – ин фярги сечиля билир, мяс.:
Ъерунд 1) сюзюнц иля ишляня билир;
2) йийялик щалында олан исим, йийялик явязлийи иля дя тяйин олуна
билир;
3) исим кими ъцмлядя мцбтяда, предикатив, тамамлыг вя с.
синтактик функсийаларда ишлянир.
Лакин индики заман фели-сифяти ися бунларын щамысындан тамамиля
мящрумдур. Вя тяркибиндя –ing сонлуьу олан щяр щансы бир сюзцн
ъерунд вя йа фели-сифят I олмасыны ашкар етмяк цчцн йухарыдакы цч
ясас мцддяаны ашкар етмяк лазымдыр. Яэяр бу цч яламятдян щеч
олмазса бири юзцнц эюстярярся, онда демяк лазымдыр ки, тяркибиндя
-ing сонлуьу олан бу нитг ващиди ъерунддур. Яэяр бу цч яламятдян
щеч бири мцшащидя олунмазса онда демяк лазымдыр ки, бу сюз фели-
сифят бирдир.
Бязян дя –ing шякилчили сюз мцряккяб исмин компоненти, бязян
дя исмин тяйини кими ишлянир, мяс.:
A dancing hall. вя йахуд да A dancing girl.
Бу щяр ики мисалы ашкар етмяк цчцн онларын мянасына диггятля
фикир вермяк лазымдыр. Яэяр –ing суффиксли сюз щямин бирляшмядя
щярякят билдирирся (dancing girl, crying child, running boy дя олдуьу
олдуьу кими), демяк онлар фели сифятдир, яэяр –ing формалы сюз
щярякят билдирмирся (dancing-hall, cooking-stove вя с. Олдуьу кими)
демяли ъерунддур.
Бу щалда ъерунду фели-сифят I- дян сечмяк цчцн трансформасийа
дейилян мялум цсулдан истифадя етмяк олур. Йяни dancing-hall сюз
бирляшмясини a hall for dancing шяклиндя трансформасийа етмяк
мцмкцн олдуьу щалда dancing girl бирляшмясини a girl for dancing
шяклиндя демяк олмаз. Беля тяркибли сюз бирляшмяляри гейд едилян
формада трансформасийа едиля билирся онда о, ъерунд щесаб
едилмялидир.
351
Фелляр, адятян иш, щал вя щярякяти билдирир. Модал фелляр ися бу
хцсусиййятляря малик дейилдир. Онлар иш эюрянин (мцбтяданын) ишя
(хябяря) олан мцнасибятини ифадя едир. Она эюря дя модал фелляр
ъцмлядя мцстягил ишлянмир вя хябяр ола билмир. Бу фелляр щямишя ясас
мяна дашыйан фелин мясдяри иля (то щиссяъиксиз) ишлянир вя ясас фелин
иъра етдийи щярякятин мцмкцнлцйцнц, ваъиблийини, мяъбури олдуьуну
эюстярир.
Бу феллярин:
You must Must you learn You must not learn English
learn English English?
He must learn Must she learn She must not learn English
English English?
Ъямдя
We must learn Must we learn We must not learn English
English English?
You must Must you learn You must not learn English
learn English English?
Гейд: 1) must not – mustn’t кими ихтисар олунур. 2) Муст фели иля
верилян суаллара инкар формада “лазым дейил, ещтийаъ йохдур”
мянасында неед нот (неедн'т) фели иля дя ъаваб вермяк олур, мяс.:
353
олмаг мяналарында ишлянир.
Ъямдя
We may go May we go? We may not go
Инэилис дилиндя модал фелляр иля йанашы онлара йахын мяналары ифадя
едян явязедиъиляр дя вардыр.
1. Can = to be able to (баъармаг, габилиййятиндя олмаг)
354
You can work again. – Сян йенидян ишляйя билярсян.
Шадам ки, сян мяня баш чякя билдин (мяни эялиб эюрдцн).
Индики заман
Кечмиш заман:
Мцгайися един:
358
Инкар формасы: He didn‟t have to see a doctor yesterday.
ENGLISH TENSES
SIMPLE TENSES
359
Нягли ъцмлядя
Тякдя Ъямдя
I. I speak I. We speak
II. you speak
II. You speak
He speaks
III. She speaks III. They speak
It speaks
-s вя –es шякилчиляринин фелин сонуна артырылмасы вя охунушу:
Тякдя Ъямдя
Тясдигя Суалда
362
She speaks English well. He plays tennis well.
to open open+ed
363
to help help+ed
Мцгайися един:
364
а) фелин сону самит + й-ля битярся, й щярфи и щярфи иля явяз олунур вя
сюзцн сонуна-ед ялавя едилир, мяс.:
365
to send – sent – sent
to go – went – gone
Тякдя Ъямдя
I worked We worked
It worked
Тякдя Ъямдя
Did I work? Did we work?
Did he work?
Did it work?
Гейд: дид нот – дидн'т кими ихтисар олуна билир, ясасян шифащи
367
нитгдя вя инкар мяналы суал ъцмляляриндя ишлянир, мяс.:
Нягли формасы:
Тякдя Ъямдя
He was a pupil
368
Суал формасы:
Тякдя Ъямдя
Was he a pupil?
Инкар формасы:
Тякдя Ъямдя
Эяляъякдя баш веряъяк иш, щал вя щярякяти ифадя етмяк цчцн The
Future Indefinite вя йа Future Simple заман формасы ишлянир. Бу
заман формасы сщалл (I шяхсин тякиндя вя ъяминдя) вя will (галан
шяхслярдя) кюмякчи фелляри вя ясас мяна дашыйан фел васитясиля дцзялир;
кюмякчи фел (shall, will) мцбтядадан сонра ясас фелдян ися яввял
эялир. Кюмякчи фелдян сонра фел “to” щиссяъиксиз ишлянир, мяс.:
369
I shall come. Мян эяляъяйям.
Тясдиг формасы
Тякдя
Ъямдя
370
He will come
Тякдя
Shall I go? Мян эедяъяйям(ми)?
Ъямдя
Shall we go? Биз эедяъяйик(ми)?
371
Will you come?
Shall we come?
Тякдя
Ъямдя
372
Тяк I shall not go
I‟ll not
She won‟t
Shell not
It won‟t
Itll not
373
Well not
Youll not
They‟ll not
Will you read the text, please (Зящмят олмаса мятни охуйун –
хащиш вя йа арзуну ифадя едир.)
374
4. The Future Simple заманында олан ъцмляляр Азярбайъан
дилиня щям гяти, щям дя гейри-гяти эяляъяк заманда тяръцмя олунур,
мяс.: He'll come back in 3 weeks. (О, цч щяфтядян сонра эяляъяк. О,
цч щяфтяйя эялир).
3. –ие иля битян феллярдя –ие щярф бирляшмяси -й иля явяз олунур.
375
(Индики заманын давамедиъи формасы)
Нягли формасы:
Тякдя Ъямдя
You are going to the library You are going to the library
Are you going to the library? Are you going to the library?
You are not going to the library You are not going to the
library
376
He is not going to the library They are not going to the library
He is = he‟s
She is = she‟s
We are = we‟re
He is not = he isn‟t
377
THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Тясдиг фомасы.
A She was working Was she working? She was not working
381
E You will be Will you be You will not be
working working? working
382
заман) йазылмыш)
Тще Пресент Перфеът заман формасы индийя кими иъра едилиб битмиш
вя йа кечмишдя иърасы башланыб мцяййян нятиъяляри цздя олан
щярякятляри билдирмяк цчцн ишлядилир.
Тще Пресент Перфеът заман формасы то щаве + Партиъипле II
(кечмиш заман фели сифят) формулу ясасында дцзялир. То щаве фели за-
мана, шяхся эюря дяйишилир, кечмиш заман фели сифят тяркиби сабит галыр.
Тякдя
383
You have written Have you written? You have not
written
She has written Has she written? She has not written
Ъямдя
I have known him for a year. (Бир илдир ки, мян ону таныйырам)
Тясдигдя
Тяк Ъям
385
Суалда
Суал формасыны дцзялтмяк цчцн кюмякчи фел (щад) мцбтядадан
яввяля кечир вя ъцмлянин сонунда интонасийа галхыр.
Тяк Ъям
Инкарда
Тякдя Ъямдя
The Past Perfect заманда щад фели ихтисар олуна биляр, мяс.:
We knew that the students had returned from the library some
hours before.
387
Нягли формсы
Тякдя Ъямдя
Тякдя Ъямдя
Тякдя Ъямдя
I shal not have written We shall not have written
388
written
Тясдигдя Инкарда
Там Ихтисар
Shall I not have Shan‟t I have written?
written?
Will you not have Won‟t you have written?
written?
389
тяръцмя олунур, мяс.:
We heard that they had left London some days ago. (Ешитдик ки,
онлар бир нечя эцн бундан габаг Лондондан чыхыблар.)
Нягли формасы
Тякдя
He is called О чаьрылыр
Ъямдя
Тякдя Ъямдя
392
Am I called? Are we called?
Тякдя Ъямдя
Нягли формасы
Тякдя Ъямдя
Суал формасы
Тякдя Ъямдя
393
Were you examined? Were you examined?
Инкар формасы
Тякдя Ъямдя
Нягли формасы
Тякдя Ъямдя
Суал формасы
Тякдя Ъямдя
394
Инкар формасы
Тякдя Ъямдя
You will not be sent to London You will not be sent to London
He (she, it) will not be sent to Lондон They will not be sent to
London
мяс.: This doctor was sent for (щяким далынъа (адам) эюндярилди)
395
3. Васитясиз вя щятта васитяли тамамлыг мяъщул нювдя ъцмлянин
мцбтядаsы кими чыхыш едя билир, мяс.:
396
IRREQULAR VERBS (Гайдасыз фелляр)
397
15. buy [bai] – алмаг bought bought buying
398
34. forget [`f7get] – унутмаг forgot forgotten forgetting
399
53. make [meik] – етмяк made made making
400
Лцьятдя истифадя едилмиш ихтисарлар:
401
English – Azerbaijanian фяалиййят
Vocabulary
active [`5ktiv] а фяал, чалышган
Aa
a, (an) [7, (7n)] гейри-мцяййян activity [5k`tiviti] н фяаллыг; фяа-
артикл лиййят
402
adventure [7d`vent37] 1) н agency [`eid=7nsi] н аэентлик;
сярэцзяшт, маъяра 2) в риск етмяк телеграпщ ~ телеграф аэентлийи
again [7`gen] адв йенидян, бир дя; alive [7`laiv] а дири, ъанлы, эцмращ
онъе ~ бир даща, тякрарян
all [6:l] а бцтцн, тамамиля; щамы;
against [7`genst] преп яксиня, ~ over the world бцтцн дцнйада;
зиддиня; to бе ~ ялейщиня олмаг ~ оф ус бизим щамымыз; ~ right
йахшы, олду, гярарлашдыг
age [eid=] н йаш; дювр, яср
403
allow [7`lou] в иъазя вермяк angry [`52gri] а щирсли, аъыглы,
гязябли; to бе ~ аъыглы олмаг
almost [`6:lmoust] адв демяк
олар ки, тяхминян, аз гала animal [`5nim7l] н щейван
404
applied [7`plaid] а тятбиги, ~ арт arrange [7`reind=] в дцзялмяк,
тятбиги инъясянят сящмана салмаг; гурмаг; ~ мент
салма
apply [7`plai] в мцраъият етмяк;
тятбиг етмяк arrive [7`raiv] в эялмяк
(няглиййатла), варид олмаг
appoint [7`p6int] в тяйин етмяк,
мцяййян етмяк; ~ мент тя‟йинат, art [a:t] н инъясянят
вязифя; эюрцш
article [`a:tikl] н мягаля; артикл;
approach [7`prout3] в маддя (конститусийа вя с.)
йахынлашмаг, йахына эялмяк
artificial [,a:ti`fi37l] а сцни,
approve [7`pru:v] в бяйянмяк, гондарма
хошламаг
artist [a:tist] н ряссам; ~ иъ бядии;
approximately [7`pr6ksimitli]
адв тяхминян, тягриби as [5z] ъонj цчцн, эюря; адв кими,
неъя, ня ъцр
area [`87ri7] н сащя, район,
мейдан ash [53] н кцл /одунун вя с./
405
association [,7sousi`ei3n] н гуртармаг, ютцб кечмяк
ъямиййят (тяшкилат), ассосиасийа
awake [7`weik] (аwоке, awoken) v
assume [7`sju:m] в ещтимал ойатмаг /йухудан/
етмяк; юз цзяриня эютцрмяк
award [7`w6:d] в
assure [7`3u7] в инандырмаг мцкафатландырмаг, тялтиф етмяк
/кимися/, ямин етмяк
away [7`wei] адв кянара; го ~
at [5t] преп – да, - дя, йанында; ~ рядд ол! to throw ~ (кянара)
ноон эцнорта вахты; ~ диннер атмаг (тулламаг); to бе ~
нащар заманы; ниэщт эеъя вахты; олмамаг, иштирак етмямяк
~ онъе дярщал, о саат ~ ласт
нящайят; ~ пресент инди, щал- awful [6:ful] а дюзцлмяз, дящшятли;
щазырда to бе ~ лй gлад щяддиндян чох шад
олмаг
attack [7`t5k] н щцъум, щямля; в
щцъум етмяк
406
baggage [`b5gid=] н йцк (багаж); евдя олмамаг
~ ъар (амер.) йцк вагону
beach [bi:t3] н чимярлик
bandage [`b5ndid=] н сарьы,
юртцк, бандаж beautiful [`bju:t7ful] а эюзял,
гяшянэ
bank [b52k] н банк; ~ ер банк
сащиби; чай сащили; он тще ~ beauty [`bju:ti] н эюзяллик,
сащилдя гяшянэлик
407
хейриня, щесабына мцгайися дяряъяси) нисбятян йахшы,
даща йахшы
behave [bi`heiv] в юзцнц
апармаг, давранмаг, ряфтар between [bi`twi:n] адв, преp.
етмяк; ~ йоурселф юзцнцзц йахшы арасында /ики яшйанын/
апарын
beyond [bi`j6nd] преп. о тайында,
behind [bi`haind] преп. архасында; ~ тще ривер чайын о
архасында, арха тяряфиндя; адв тайында /тяряфиндя
архада, эеридя
big [big] а бюйцк, ири
belief [bi`li:f] н инам, етигад
biologist [ba9`6l7d=9st] н биолог
believe [bi`li:v] в инанмаг, зянн
етмяк; I ~ со мяня беля эялир ки, bird [b7:d] н гуш /вящши/
belong [bi`l62] в аид олмаг, bit [b9t] н бир тикя; wait а ~ бир аз
мяхсус олмаг эюзляйин
below [bi`lou] адв, преп. ашаьы, bitter [`b9t7] а аъы; залым, сярт
ашаьыда; ~ зеро сыфырдан ашаьы black [bl5k] 1) а гара; 2) в
belt [belt] н кямяр, гайыш, гуршаг гаралтмаг (бойамаг); ~ боард
йазы тахтасы, лювщя
bench [bent3] н скамйа,
отураъаг blind [bla9nd] а кор, эюзцндян
мящрум /адам/
beside [bi`said] преп. йанында; ~
с (бундан) ялавя blood [bl0d] н ган; ~ тест ган
анализи
best [best] а ян йахшы; ~ оф алл
щамысындан йахшы, blossom [`bl6s7m] а чичяклянмя
(аьаъ); в чичяклянмяк
better [bet7] а (good сифятин
408
blue [blu:] а эюй (рянэ) bread [bred] а чюряк; brown ~
гара чюряк; фресщ ~ тязя чюряк; to
body [`b6di] н бядян; тяшкилат; маке оне'с ~ чюряк пулу
публик ~ иес ичтимаи тяшкилатлар газанмаг
boil [b6il] в гайнамаг /су, breadth [bred4] н ен, ени
газан/
break [breik] н тяняффцс; в(броке,
bold [bould] а ъясур, ъцрятли, брокен) сындырмаг, даьытмаг,
горхмаз гопмаг, ~ оут башламаг
book [buk] н китаб; билет алмаг; breakfast [`brekf7st] н сящяр
~ ъасе китаб шкафы; ~ инg-оффиъе йемяйи; to щаве ~ сящяр йемяйи
билет кассасы; ~ кеепер мцщасиб; йемяк
~ - кеепинg мцщасибат
breast [brest] н синя кюкс
borrow [`b6rou] в боръ алмаг
/пул вя с./ breath [bre4] н няфяс, няфясалма;
to ~ е [bri:4] в няфяс алмаг
both [bou4] прон. щяр икиси; ~ оф
ус бизим щяр икимиз bride [braid] н нишанлы, адахлы
(гыз); ~ gроом нишанлы (адахлы)
boulevard [`bu:lva:d] н булвар, оьлан
парк
bridge [bri:d=] н кюрпц
box [b6ks] н гуту; ложа
bright [brait] а парлаг, ишыглы
boy [b6i] н оьлан
bring [bri2] (броуgщт) в эятирмяк
brain [brein] н бейин, аьыл
broad [br6:d] а эениш; ~ ъаст радио
branch [bra:nt3] н будаг сащя, верилиши
гол /елмин вя с./
brother [`br017] н гардаш ~ щоод
brave [breiv] а гочаг, иэид; ~ ерй гардашлыг; ~- ин-law гайын
иэидлик
brown [braun] а гящвяйи /рянэ/
409
brush [br03] н фырча, шотка; фырча bystreet [`baistri:t] н дюнэя
иля тямизлямяк, дарамаг /кцчянин, йолун/
410
cancer [`k5ns7] тиб хярчянэ carpet [`ka:pit] н халча, халы
хястялийи
carriage [`k5rid=] н миник
candle [k5ndl] н шам /йандырмаг арабасы, вагон; дашыма хяръи; ~
цчцн/. фрее пулсуз дашыма
411
caviar [`k5via:] н кцрц /балыг/ change [t3eind=] н дяйишмя; хырда
пул; в дяйишмяк
ceiling [`si:li2] н таван /евин/
channel [`t35nl] н канал, боьаз
cell [sel] н зирзями (ъоь.)
celebrate [`selibreit] в байрам chapter [`t35pt7] н фясил (китабда)
етмяк; ~ ион байрам (кечирмя)
character [`k5rikt7] н хасиййят;
centre [`sent7] н мяркяз, орта сурят (ясярдя) ~ истиъ сяъиййяви
century [`sent3uri] н яср, йцзиллик, cheap [t3i:p] а уъуз /мал/
йцз ил
check [t3ek] н йохлама; то ~ уп
certain [`s7:tn] а мцяййян, ямин йохламаг, нязярдян кечирмяк
олунан, дягиг
cheek [t3i:k] н йанаг, сифят
certificate [s7`tifikit] н
шящадятнамя, вясигя cheer [t3i7] н алгыш, ура, йашасын
412
тойуг шорбасы climate [`klaimit] н иглим, щава
шяраити
chief [t3i:f] н 1) башчы, рящбяр; 2)
а ясас, баш cloak [klouk] н плаш; ~ роом
сойунаъаг йери
child [t3aild] н (гл. ъщилдрен)
ушаг; ~ щоод ушаглыг clock [kl6k] н саат; в вахты эюстяр-
мяк
choose [t3u:z] (ъщосе, ъщосен) в
сечмяк; истямяк close [klouz] в баьламаг, юртмяк;
а йахын, сых
cinema [`sinem7] н кино-театр
clothe [klou1] в эейиндирмяк; ~ с
citizen [`sitizn] н вятяндаш; ~ сщип эейим, палтар, пал-палтар
вятяндашлыг
cloud [klaud] н булуд
city [`siti] н шящяр, бюйцк шящяр
club [kl0b] н клуб, яйлянъя йери
civil [`sivil] а вятяндаш; ~ риgщтс
вятяндашлыг щцгуглары; coast [koust] н дяниз сащили
413
collect [k7`lekt] в топламаг, купе; бюлмя
йыьмаг
compel [k7m`pel] в мяъбур етмяк,
college [`k6lid=] н коллеъ, зор эюстярмяк
мяктяб
competition [,k6mp9 t937n] н
colloquial [k7`loukw97l] а мцсабигя, йарыш
данышыг дили, данышыг дилиня хас
олан complain [k7m`plein] (оф) в
шикайят етмяк, наразылыг етмяк
colonel [`k7:n7l] н полковник
/щярбидя/ complete [k7m`pli:t] а бцтцн, там;
в гуртармаг, тамамламаг
colony [`k6l7ni] н мцстямлякя
complex [`k6mpleks] а мцряккяб,
colour [`k0l7] н рянэ чятин
414
condition [k7n`di3n] н шяраит, consent [k7n`sent] 1)н разылыг; 2)в
вязиййят, шярт разылашмаг
415
боок дяфтяр cow [kau] н иняк /щейван/
416
ер алыъы; ~ щоусе кюмрцкхана еркян
dance [da:ns] н рягс; в рягс debt [det] н боръ /пул, мал вя с./
етмяк
deceive [di`si:v] в алдатмаг
danger [`deind=7] н тящлцкя, /кимися/
горху, ващимя
decision [di`si=n] н гярар, щюкм
dark [da:k] а гаранлыг; тцнд; ~
несс гаранлыг, зцлмят declare [di`kl87] в елан етмяк; то
~ тще меетинg опен иъласы ачыг елан
darling ['da:li2] а севимли, язиз, етмяк
мещрибан
decrease [di:`kri:s] в азалтмаг,
data [`deit7] н мялумат; амер. яксилтмяк, кичилтмяк
йениликляр, эюстяриъиляр
deep [di:p] а, адв дярин, дяриндян
date [deit] н тарих; в тарихини йаз-
маг, тарих гоймаг defeat [di`fi:t] н мяьлубиййят; в
мяьлуб етмяк
daughter [`d6;t7] н гыз (ювлад); ~
- ин- law эялин definite [`definit] а мцяййян,
дягиг, айдын
dawn [d6:n] н сцбщ; сцбщ чаьы,
417
degree [di`gri:] н дяряъя, determine [di`t7:min] в мцяййян
мярщяля; бй ~ с тядриъян етмяк, гярара эялмяк
418
discover [dis`k0v7] в кяшф етмяк dozen [`d0zn] н дцжин (12 ядяд)
419
each [i:t3] прон щяр кяс, щяр бири elect [i`lekt] в сечмяк; ~ ион сечки
420
эирмяк evident [`evid7nt] а айдын, ашкар
every [`evri] прон щяр ~ бодй щяр express [iks`pres] в ифадя етмяк
кяс; ~ оне щяр бири eye [ai] н эюз, (адамын щейванын)
421
farm [fa:m] н фирма; ~ ер фермер
422
долдурмаг чох истямяк
423
иряли, ирялийя fulfil [fulfil] в йериня йетирмяк
424
general [`d=en7r(7)l] а цмуми, glad [gl5d] а шад; то бе ~ шад
ади; тще ~ итй чохлуг олмаг, севинмяк
425
government [`g0v7nm7nt] н бцнювря
щюкумят, дювлят
grow [grou] (grew, grown) v
graduate [`gr5djueit] в али бюйцмяк, битмяк
мяктяби битирмяк /гуртармаг guard [ga:d] н мцдафиячи, кешикчи;
мцдафия етмяк
grain [grein] н тахыл, тахыл
мящсулу guess [ges] в фикирляшиб тапмаг;
ъаваб тапмаг
grand daughter [`gr5nd,d6:t7] н
гыз нявяси chair [t387] н стул; ~ man сядр,
башчы
grand father [`gr5nd,fa:17] н
баба guide [gaid] н бялядчи, мцшащидячи,
мцшащидя етмяк
grape [greip] н цзцм /битки/
guilty [`gilti] а эцнащкар,
grass [gra:s] н от /йашыл/ тягсиркар, сучлу
gray [grei] а боз /рянэ/ gun [g0n] н силащ, тцфянэ
grateful [`greitful] а миннятдар
разы олмаг
Hh
grave [greiv] н гябир habit [`h5bit] н адят, вярдиш
great [greit] н бюйцк, дащи hair [h87] н тцк, сач; ~ ъут сачыны
вурдурмаг; ~ дрессер дялляк; ~
greedy [`gri:di] а хясис
дрессер'с сщоп дяллякхана
green [gri:n] а йашыл /рянэ/
half [ha:f] н йары, йарысы
greet [gri:t] в тябрик етмяк,
hall [h6:l] н зал, салон
саламламаг
hand [h5nd] н ял; ~ сщаке ял
griеf [gri:f] н дярд, гям
тутмаг; ~ с офф ял чякин; он оне ~
ground [`graund] н торпаг, бир тяряфдян/ъящятдян
426
handkerchief [`h52k7t39f] н ъиб head [hed] н баш; башчылыг етмяк
дясмалы, ял йайлыьы
health [hel4] н саьламалыг; ~ й
hand some [`h5nds7m] а гяшянэ саьлам
(оьлан щаггында), йарашыглы
hear [hi7] в ешитмяк, динлямяк
hand writing [`h5ndraiti2] н ял
йазмасы/йарысы heart [ha:t] н цряк; бй ~ язбяр,
язбярдян, синядян,
hang [h52] в ас(ыл)маг; ~ оут
сярмяк; ~ уп ачмаг; ~ ер heat [hi:t] н истилик
палтарасылан, асылган heavy [`hevi] а аьыр, чятин
happen [`h5p7n] в баш вермяк heel [hi:l] н дабан /айаьын/
happiness [`h5pinis] н хюшбяхтлик height [hait] н щцндцрлцк, бой
hat [h5t] н шлйапа, баш эейими herself [`h7:self] прон юз, юзц
(гадын ъинси), юзцня
hate [heit] в нифрят; нифрят етмяк
hide [haid] (щид, щидден) в эизлят-
have [h5v] (щад) в малик олмаг; мяк
то ~ диннер нащар етмяк; то~ а
рест истиращят етмяк, динъялмяк high [hai] н щцндцрлцк, йцксяк; ~
way шоссе йолу, ел йолу данш.
he [hi:] прон О (киши ъинси)
427
him [him] прон ону, она (к.ъ); ~ до! Салам!
селф юзц, о юзцнц/юзцня
hullo [`h0,lou] салам! алло
his [hiz] прон. онун (к.ъ)
human [`hju:m7n] а бяшяри, бяшяр;
history [`hist7ri] н тарих /фянн/ ~ беинg инсан, адам
428
ill [il] а хястя; бе ~ хястя олмаг; indefinite [in`definit] а гейри –
фалл ~ хястялянмяк мцяййян, анлашылмайан
429
intend [in`tend] в ниййятиндя island [`ail7nd] н ада
олмаг, нязярдя тутмаг
issue [`isju:,`i3iu:] н нятиъя; няшр;
intensity [in`tensiti] н гцввятлян- нюмря, чыхыш
дирмя, эярэинлик
Italian [i`t5lj7n] а италийалы
intention [in`ten3n] н ниййят,
мягсяд, мярам its [its] прон. онун (ъансыз)
430
jug [d=0q] н бардаг /габ/ king [ki2] н крал; ~ дом краллыг
kind [kaind] н нюв, ъинс; а мещри- lake [leik] н эюл /ъоьрафи мянада/
бан, илтифатлы; ~ несс мярщямят,
мещрибанлыг lame [leim] а ахсаг, ахсамаг
431
land [l5nd] н торпаг, йер; в йеря leap-year [`li:pj7:] н узун ил
енмяк; ~ инг йеря енмя; ~ ладй
ев сащибяси; ~ лорд ев сащиби learn [l7:n] (леарнт, леанед) в
(киши) ~ owner торпаг сащиби юйрянмяк /няйися/
432
lie II (лай, lying) в узанмаг ярази, торпаг
433
Mm March [ma:t3] н март; ~ марш
magazine [,m5g7`zi:n] н журнал,
мяъмуя mark [ma:k] н гейд, гиймят, лякя;
в гейд етмяк
mail [meil] н почт, рабитя
market [`ma:kit] н базар, маркет
main [mein] а ясас, мцщцм
marriage [`m5rid=] н ниэащ,
major [`meid=7] а ясас, баш; евлянмя; то эет ~ евлянмяк; ~
партй той мяълиси
make [meik] (маде, маден) в
етмяк, дцзялтмяк, мяъбур married [`m5rid] а евли, аиляли
етмяк
marry [m5ri] в евлянмяк (гыз вя
man [m5n] (пл мен) н инсан, киши оьлана аиддир)
434
meal [mi:l] н йемяк, ярзаг, гида message [`mesid=] н мялумат,
хябяр, исмарыъ
mean [mi:n] (меант, мент) в
мяна вермяк; ~ инg мяна; ~ с messenger [`mesind=7] н курйер,
цсул, йол, васитя; ~ тиме; ин тще ~ гасид, елчи, гуллугчу
ейни заманда
meter [mi:t7] н метр, сайьаъ
measure [`me=7] н тядбир, юлчц,
гярар method [`me47d] н цсул, метод
435
miss I [mis] н ханым (гыза mountain [`mauntin] н даь
мцраъият едяркян)
mouse [maus] (пл миъе) н сичан
miss II [mis] в имканы ялдян
вермяк, дарыхмаг mouth [mau4] н аьыз, аьзы
436
napkin [`n5pkin] н дясмал nest [nest] н йува /гушун/
(салфет)
net [net] н тор /мцхт. мяналарда/
narrow [`n5rou] а дар, енсиз
never [`nev7] адв щеч вахт
nation [`nei3n] н миллят,
миллиййят; ~ ал милли; ~ алитй new [nju:] а тязя, йени, тяр
миллиййят news [nju:s] н хябяр, йенилик
native [`neitiv] а доьма, йерли, newspaper ['njuzpeip7] н гязет
юзял
next [nekst] а нювбяти, сонракы
natural [`n5t3r7l] а тябии, халис
nice [nais] а йахшы, хошаэялян,
nature [neit37] н тябият гяшянэ
near [ni7] адв йахын, йахынлыгда, niece [ni:s] н баъыгызы, гардашгызы
~ лй демяк олар ки, аз гала
night [nait] н эеъя /вахты/
necessary [`nes9s7ri] а лазыми,
лазым олан nine [nain] нум. доггуз /сай/
437
nose [nouz] н бурун /инсанда/ obstacle [`6bst7kl] н мания, янэял
now [nau] адв инди, щал-щазырда occur [7`k7:] в баш вермяк, цзя
чыхмаг
number [`n0mb7] н нюмря, сай
ocean [`ou3n] н океан
nurse [n7:s] н дайя; в дайялик
етмяк, гуллуг етмяк October [6k`toub7] н октйабр /ай/
438
open [`oup7n] а ачыг; в ачмаг orphan [`6:f7n] н йетим /ушаг/
ore [6:] н филиз, дямир филизи own [oun] а юз, шяхси; в шащид ол-
маг
organization [,6:g7nai`zei37n] н
тяшкилат, мцяссися, идаря Pp
pack [p5k] в габлашдырмаг,
orient [`6:ri7nt] н Шярг /юлкялярi/ йыьмаг (йцк); ~ аgе баьлама
organize [`6:g7naiz] в тяшкил page [peid=] н сящифя
етмяк, гурмаг
pain [pein] н аьры; в аьрымаг
origin [`6rid=in] н мяншя, кюк,
бцнювря, ясас paint [peint] н рянэ; в рянэлямяк;
439
~ ер ряссам pay [pei] в юдямяк, щаггыны
вермяк, вермяк /дигят/
pair [p87] н бир ъцт, бир дяст
peace [pi:s] н сцлщ; ~ фул динъ,
palace [`p5lis] н сарай сцлщсевяр
pale [peil] а сольун, солмуш peasant [`pez7nt] н кяндли, кяндчи
paper [`peip7] н каьыз, мягаля pencil [`pensl] н карандаш
parcel [`pa:sl] н баьлама penknife [`pennaif] н ъиб бычаьы
parents [`p87r7nts] н валидейнляр penny ['peni] н пени (инэилис пул
440
phone [foun] в зянэ етмяк, зянэ please [pli:z] буйурун, зящмят
вурмаг олмаса
441
ачыгъа; ~ ер плакат, афиша; ~ ман preserve [pri`z7:v] н горуг; в сах-
почталйон ламаг, горумаг
pray [prei] в дуа етмяк; ~ ер дуа pride [praid] н фяхр; то таке ~ фяхр
етмяк, гцрурланмаг
prefer [pri`f7:] в цстцн тутмаг
priest [`pri:st] н кешиш, рущани; ~
prepare [pri`p87] в щазырламаг, щоод рущанилик, диндарлыг
щазырлашмаг
primary [`praim7ri] а илкин; ~
prescribe [pris`kraib] в тясвир същоол ибтидаи мяктяб
етмяк, шярщ етмяк
print [print] в чап етмяк, йазмаг,
prescription [pris`krip3n] н няшр етмяк
тясвир, тясвир едилмя, мянзяря
private [`praivit] а шяхси, хцсуси,
presence [`prezns] н иштирак; юзял
иштирак етмя
prize [praiz] н мцкафат, тялтиф
present I [`preznt] н иштирак; то бе
~ иштирак етмяк; ~ лй инди probably [`pr6b7bli] адв ещтимал
ки, тяхминян, эцман ки,
present II [`preznt] н щядиййя,
бяхшиш, пай produce [pr7`dju:s] в истещсал
етмяк, щазырламаг
442
profession [pr7`fe3n] н пешя, punish [`p0ni3] в ъязаландырмаг
сянят, мяшьулиййят
pupil [`pju:pl] н шаэирд, мяктябли
profit [`pr6fit] н мянфяят, эялир,
газанъ pure [pju7] а тямиз, халис, саф
443
Rr refer [ri`f7:] в аид олмаг, истинад
етмяк
railway [`reilwei] н дямир йол/у/
refuse [ri`fju:z] в рядд етмяк,
rain [rein] н йаьыш имтина етмяк
raise [reiz] в галдырмаг, region [`rid=7n] н район, вилайят,
уъалтмаг, галхмаг бюлэя, реэион
rapid [`r5pid] а ъялд, тез, чевик regular [`regjul7] а дцзэцн,
rare [r87] а надир, аз тапылан гайдалы
444
етмя, тявяггя road [roud] н йол, ъыьыр
445
sand [s5nd] н гум санийя
446
йоу! айыб олсун sick [sik] а хястя, насаз
she [3i:] прон о (г.ъ) шяхс явязлийи silver [`silv7] н эцмцш /метал/
447
мящарятли, баъарыглы дюйцшчц
448
spell [spel] в щярфлярля демяк дайанаъаг
spoon [spu:n] н гашыг /алят/ still [stil] адв индийя кими, щяля дя
449
study [st0di] в юйрянмяк, тящсил sunday [`s0ndi] н базар эцнц
алмаг
supper [`s0p7] н шам (ахшам
subject [`s0bd=9kt] н фянн, йемяйи)
мцбтяда, предмет
supply [s7`plai] в тяъщиз етмяк
success [s7k`ses] н уьур; ~ фул
уьурлу support [s7`p6:t] в тяряфини
сахламаг, дястяк вермяк
such [s0t3] прон беля, еля
suppose [s7`pouz] в зянн (эцман)
sudden [`s0dn] а гяфил; ~ лй етмяк
гяфлятян, гяфлдян
sure [3u7] а инанмыш; ~ лй
suffer [`s0f7] в язиййят чякмяк; доьрудан, ялбяття; то бе ~ ямин
~ инg язаб, язиййят чякмя олмаг
450
йандырмаг; ~ офф сюндцрмяк чайники
451
they [1ei] прон онлар /шяхс till [til] преп гядяр,-дяк, кими
явязлийи/
time [taim] н вахт; ~ табле ъядвял
thin [4in] а назик, инъя, зяриф
today [t7`dei] адв бу эцн
thing [4i2] н шей, яшйа, предмет
together [t7`ge17] адв бирликдя,
this [1is] прон (пл тщосе) бу (ишаря бирэя
явязлийи)
tomorrow [t7`m6rou] адв сабащ
though [1ou] адв щяръянд,
бахмайараг ки tongue [t02] н дил /данышыг органы/
452
train I [trein] н гатар, щейят инандырмаг
453
unemploy/ed [`0nim`pl6id] а инандырмаг
ишсиз; ~ мент ишсизлик
us [0s] прон бизя, бизи
unexpected [`0nikspectid] а
эюзлянилмяйян use [ju:s] 1)н файда, хейир; ~ фул
файдалы; ~ лесс файдасыз
unhappy [0n`h5pi] а бядбяхт,
мязлум usual [`ju=u7l] а ади; щямишяки ~
лй адятян
uniform [`ju:nif6:m] н форма
/идман, щярби вя с./ utter [`0t7] в тяляффцз етмяк (ня ися
демяк)
union [`ju:nj7n] н иттифаг, бирлик
454
vast [va:st] а эениш, уъсуз- иля)
буъагсыз
455
гарпыз whatever [w6t`ev7] адв ня олурса
олсун
wave [weiv] н дальа;
дальаланмаг when [wen] adv. ня вахт; ~ евер ня
вахт олурса олсун
way [wei] н йол; бй тще ~ юз
арамыздыр whether [we17] ъонж йа, вя йа
we [wi:] прон биз /шяхс явязлийи/ which [wit3] прон щансы, щансы ки,
weak [wi:k] а зяиф; ~ несс зяифлик while [wail] адв о вахт ки, вахт
ярзиндя, нечяки
weapon [`wep7n] н силащ, сурсат
whisper [wisp7] н пычылты,
wear [w87] v (wore worn) в пычылдамаг, хышылты
эеймяк, эейинмяк
white [wait] а аь /рянэ/
weather [`we17] н щава
who [hu:] прон ким; ~ евер ким
wedding ['wedi2] н той, мяълис олурса олсун
Wednesday [`wenzdi] н чяршянбя whole [houl] а бцтцн, щамы, бцтюв
456
win [win] (won) в галиб эялмяк worry [`w0ri] н наращатчылыг; в
наращат олмаг
wind [wind] н кцляк, туфан
worth [w7:4] а лайиг, ляйагят; ~
wing [wi2] н ганад /гушун, лесс ляйагятсиз; ~ й лайиг
тяййарянин/
wound [wu:nd] н йара, йараламаг
winter [`wint7] н гыш /фясил/
write [rait] в йазмаг; ~ р йазычы
wisdom [wizd7m] н аьыл,
дцшцнъя, камал wrong [r62] н сящв, сящвян
wool [wul] н йун /гойун/ yet [jet] адв щяля, щяля дя;
457
Zz
zero [`zi7rou] н сыфыр, щеч
zoology [,zou`6l7d=i] н
зоолоэийа
458
Мцндяриъат
459
Юн сюз 3–4
Эириш курсу 5 – 13
1. Биринъи дярс 13 – 14
2. Икинъи дярс
3. Цчцнъц дярс 14 – 19
4. Дюрдцнъц дярс
5. Бешинъи дярс 19 – 24
6. Алтынъы дярс
7. Йеддинъи дярс 24 – 37
8. Сяккизинъи дярс
9. Доггузунъу дярс 37 – 46
10. Онунъу дярс
Ясас курс 46 – 58
460
171 – 180
181 –189
190 –199
200 – 204
205 – 208
209 – 215
216 – 224
225 – 230
231 – 235
236 – 240
241 – 245
246 – 249
250 –253
254 – 258
259 – 263
264 – 312
313 – 314
315 – 315
316 – 351
352
461
462