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M O D E R N E N G L I S H

П. П. Христорождественская

ЭЛЕМЕНТАРНО
об английских
предлогах и фразовых
глаголах
English Prepositions and Phrasal Verbs
ELEMENTARY

Пособие

Минск
«ТетраСистемс»
У Д К 811.111(075.3/.4)
Б Б К 81.2Англ-922
Х93

Серия основана в 2012 году

Автор
кандидат педагогических наук, д о ц е н т
Л. И. Христорождественская

Рецензент
кандидат филологических наук, доцент, зав. к а ф е д р о й
п р о ф е с с и о н а л ь н о о р и е н т и р о в а н н о й а н г л и й с к о й речи
Белорусского государственного э к о н о м и ч е с к о г о университета
Н. А. Новик

Христорождественская, Л. П.
Х93 Э л е м е н т а р н о об а н г л и й с к и х предлогах и фразовых гла­
голах = English Prepositions and Phrasal Verbs Elementary :
п о с о б и е / Л. П . Христорождественская. — М и н с к : Тетра­
С и с т е м с , 2012. — 208 с. — (Modern English).

I S B N 978-985-536-361-4.
Предлагаемое пособие посвящено одной из наиболее трудных тем
английской грамматики — предлогам и фразовым глаголам. Системати­
зированы значения наиболее часто употребляемых предлогов и фразовых
глаголов, даны упражнения для тренировки в их употреблении.
Пособие отличает четкое и структурированное изложение материала,
наглядные примеры на основе аутентичных языковых материалов, слова¬
рей и справочников, большое количество упражнений.
Предназначено абитуриентам, школьникам, студентам, преподавате­
лям английского языка, а также всем желающим изучить особенности упо¬
требления предлогов и фразовых глаголов в английском языке.

УДК 811.111(075.3/.4)
ББК 81.2Англ-922

ISBN 978-985-536-361-4 © Христорождественская Л. П., 2012

© Оформление НТООО «ТетраСистемс», 2012
 CONTENTS

Предисловие 5

ПРЕДЛОГИ МЕСТА И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ 6

Prepositions of place and movement 15
Place: i n , at, on 15
Place and movement: to, from, into (in), out of, on (to),
off, inside, outside 20
Place and movement: above, below, over, under, underneath,
on top o f 22
Other prepositions of place and movement 24
Mixed practice 28
Fluency 36

ПРЕДЛОГИ ВРЕМЕНИ 53
Prepositions of time 57
Time: at, i n , on 57
On time and i n time 61
A t the beginnng and i n the beginning 62
A t the end and i n the end 62
Time: i n , during, for, while 63
Time: by, until, from to/until, before, after 65
For, since, ago, before 66
Mixed practice 70

ДРУГИЕ ПРЕДЛОГИ И ДРУГИЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ ПРЕДЛОГОВ .. 74

Practice 79
Ways of travelling: by, on, i n 81
Составные предлоги 84
Adjective + preposition 86
Practice 89
N o u n + preposition 96
Practice 97
Verb + preposition 99
Practice 104
Verb + object + preposition 109

3
Practice 112
Mixed practice 114

P R E P O S I T I O N + NOUN (PREPOSITIONAL P H R A S E S ) 119

At 119
By 121
For 122
From 123
In 123
On 128
Out of 131
Off 132
To 132
Under 132
Without 133
Practice 133
Revision 142

ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ (PHRASAL V E R B S ) 155

Practice 177
Combinations with ask, be, break and bring 177
Combinations with call, check, cheer, clean, clear, come,
cross and cut 178
Combinations with do, drop, eat, enter, fall, feed, fill and find 179
Combinations with get 180
Combinations with give 181
Combinations with go 182
Combinations with grow, hand, hang, have, hold, keep,
knock and let 183
Combinations with look, make, move, pay, pick and pull 184
Combinations with put 185
Combinations with run, see, sell, set, settle, show, speak,
stay and switch 186
Combinations with take, talk, think, throw and try 187
Combinations with turn, wake and wash 188
Mixed combinations 189
Bibliography 207
4
 ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Настоящее пособие посвящено предлогам — одной из на­

иболее трудных для усвоения тем английского языка.
Читатель найдет в нем краткое, но достаточно полное и
системное описание значений предлогов с учетом новейших
достижений отечественной и зарубежной лингвистики и мето¬
дики.
В книге представлены предлоги места и направления,
предлоги времени и другие наиболее употребительные пред¬
логи. Большое внимание уделено ф и к с и р о в а н н ы м предлогам с
глаголами, прилагательными и существительными, представ¬
лен обширный список предложных сочетаний.
Для активитизации предлогов в книге содержится боль¬
шое количество упражнений, языковой материал для которых
подобран из современных английских и американских посо¬
бий, словарей и справочников, изданных в последние годы,
что создает условия для овладения аутентичной англоязычной
речью.
В настоящее пособие также включены фразовые глаголы
(сочетание глагола с предлогом или наречием), наиболее час¬
то употребляемые в разговорной речи. Более полный перечень
фразовых глаголов и разнообразных упражнений н а их основе,
рассчитанный на л и ц , совершенствующихся в изучении анг¬
лийского языка, дан в учебном пособии Л . П . Христорождес-
1
твенской «Фразовые глаголы в разговорном английском». Ра­
бота над фразовыми глаголами в объеме настоящего пособия
послужит своего рода подготовительным этапом для последу­
ющего изучения этой трудной, но необходимой для полноцен¬
ного общения на английском языке темы.
Пособие будет полезно учащимся старших классов обще¬
образовательных школ, студентам гуманитарных вузов, кол¬
леджей и гимназий, абитуриентам, а также всем желающим
систематизировать и углубить свои з н а н и я английского языка.

1
Христорождественская Л. П. Ф р а з о в ы е глаголы в современном а н г л и й с ­
к о м . — М и н с к : ТетраСистемс, 2012.

5
 ПРЕДЛОГИ МЕСТА И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ

about [э'Ьаиг] указывает на

1. местоположение вокруг какого-л. предмета вокруг, кру­

гом; There was a fence about the garden. Вокруг сада б ы л
забор; to gather about the fire собираться у к а м и н а

2. нахождение в разных местах, тут и там п о ; A l l his

belongings were lying about the floor. Все его в е щ и б ы л и
р а з б р о с а н ы п о полу.

3. близость неподалеку, п о б л и з о с т и , о к о л о ; I dropped it

somewhere about here. Я у р о н и л э т о где-то здесь.

4. движение в разных направлениях по какой-то ограничен­

ной территории (по комнате, городу, стране и т.п.) туда
и сюда, п о ; Н е walked about the garden. О н ходил п о саду
взад и вперед. ( О н расхаживал п о саду.) Н е travelled about
the country. О н путешествовал п о стране.

above [ Э ' Ь Л У ] указывает на местонахождение или движение

над чем-л. н а д , в ы ш е ; The aeroplane flew above the clouds.
С а м о л е т летел н а д о б л а к а м и . M y mother's photo is above
the piano. Н а д п и а н и н о в и с и т ф о т о г р а ф и я м о е й матери.

across [ э ' к т э ] указывает на

1. пересечение чего-л. через; a bridge across the river мост через

реку; to run [to walk] across the road [the street] перебежать
[перейти] (через) дорогу [улицу]; to swim across a river пе¬
р е п л ы т ь (через) реку
6
2. положение предмета поперек чего-л., под углом к чему-л.
п о п е р е к ; to lie across the bed л е ж а т ь п о п е р е к к р о в а т и ; A
car stood across the road. П о п е р е к д о р о г и стояла м а ш и н а .

3. местонахождение по другую сторону чего-л. п о ту сторону

или н а т о й стороне; There is a forest across the river. П о ту
сторону р е к и есть лес. We heard the radio across the street.
Н а т о й с т о р о н е у л и ц ы играло р а д и о . Н е lives across the
street. О н ж и в е т (через улицу) н а п р о т и в .

after ['a:ft9] указывает на

1. местонахождение позади кого-л., чего-л. за, п о з а д и ; The

school is just after the club. Ш к о л а н а х о д и т с я сразу за клу¬
бом.

2. движение вслед за кем-л., чем-л. за, вслед за; The dogs ran
after the fox. С о б а к и г н а л и с ь за л и с о й . They threw stones
after him. О н и к и д а л и к а м н и ему вслед.

against [9'ge(i)nst] указывает на

1. движение в противоположную сторону п р о т и в ; to sail

against the w i n d п л ы т ь п р о т и в ветра

2. местоположение около чего-л., рядом с чeм-л. у; A piano

stood against the wall. У с т е н ы стояло п и а н и н о . The house
was built against a hill. Д о м б ы л п о с т р о е н у самого холма.

3. соприкосновение или столкновение с чeм-л. п о , о, к; The rain

was beating against the window. Д о ж д ь б а р а б а н и л п о стек¬
лу; to throw a ball against the wall ударить м я ч о м о стенку

4. опору к, на; Н е leaned against a post. О н п р и с л о н и л с я к

столбу.

7
along [Э'1ОГ|] указывает на

1. движение вдоль чего-л. вдоль (по), п о ; to walk along the road

и д т и п о дороге; to sail along the coast п л ы т ь вдоль берега
2. расположение вдоль чего-л. (вдоль) п о ; bookcases along the
walls к н и ж н ы е ш к а ф ы п о стенам (вдоль стен); trees along
the river деревья п о берегам р е к и

among [Э'ГПЛГ|] указывает на

1. положение среди группы предметов или лиц среди, посре¬

д и , между; a village among the hills д е р е в н я среди холмов;
a house among the trees д о м , о к р у ж е н н ы й д е р е в ь я м и ; one
among many о д и н и з м н о г и х

2. движение предмета или лица среди других предметов или

лиц среди, через; Н е passed among the crowd. О н проби¬
р а л с я через (сквозь) толпу.
3. связь предметов или лица с другими среди; Among guests
were two actors. С р е д и гостей б ы л и два актера.

around [a'raund] указывает на

1. движение или нахождение вокруг вокруг, кругом; to travel

around the world с о в е р ш а т ь кругосветное путешествие;
Woods lay around the house. Вокруг д о м а был лес. She gave
a glance around the room. О н а обвела взглядом комнату.

2. амер. разг. нахождение неподалеку неподалеку, в б л и з и ,

о к о л о , за; The child played around the house. Р е б е н о к играл
о к о л о д о м а ; just around the corner сразу за углом

at [aet, 9t] указывает на

1. нахождение около какого-л. предмета у, о к о л о ; at the door

[the window, the sea] у д в е р и [у о к н а , у м о р я ] ; at the table за
столом, у стола

8
2. нахождение в каком-л. месте н а , в; at m y aunt's [at
Robinson's] (в д о м е ) у м о е й т е т к и [у Р о б и н с о н а ] ; at the
factory [station] н а ф а б р и к е [на с т а н ц и и ]

3. нахождение в каком-л. географическом пункте, особ. не­

большом в, н а ; at Elgin в Э л г и н е ; at St Helena н а острове
Св. Е л е н ы

4. деятельность или процесс, часто связанные с нахождени¬

ем в определенном месте в, н а , у, за; at school в ш к о л е ; at
Oxford в О к с ф о р д е (в университете); at the wheel за ру¬
л е м ; at the piano за р о я л е м ; at the meeting н а с о б р а н и и ; at
dinner [lunch, supper] за обедом [завтраком, у ж и н о м ]

before [bi'fD:] указывает на нахождение или движение перед

кем-л., чем-л. перед; His name comes before mine i n the list.
В с п и с к е его ф а м и л и я стоит перед м о е й . (В с п и с к е его
ф а м и л и я предшествует м о е й . ) There is a lawn before/ i n
front of/the house. П е р е д д о м о м газон.

behind [bi'haind] п о з а д и , за, сзади; Н е sat behind me. О н сидел

п о з а д и м е н я . The garden is behind the house. С а д находит¬
с я за д о м о м .

below [bi'isu] п о д , н и ж е ; Н е signed his name below mine. О н

подписал свою фамилию под моей.

beside [bi'said] р я д о м , о к о л о , б л и з , возле; Н е sat [stood, walked]

(close) beside his friend. О н сидел [стоял, ш е л ] р я д о м со
с в о и м другом; a house beside the sea д о м о к о л о / у м о р я ;
There is a path beside the river. Вдоль р е к и идет т р о п и н к а .

between [bi'twi:n] обычно указывает на положение одного

предмета по отношению к двум другим между; The house
stands between two trees. Д о м н а х о д и т с я между д в у м я де¬
ревьями.

9
by [bai] указывает на

1. местонахождение вблизи чего-л. у, о к о л о , р я д о м , в о з л е ,

п р и ; by the fire [road, window] у / о к о л о / о г н я [дороги,
о к н а ] ; by the sea у м о р я , н а берегу м о р я ; by the side o f
the road у о б о ч и н ы д о р о г и ; to sit by sb/ by sb's side си¬
д е т ь р я д о м с к е м - л . / о к о л о к о г о - л . ; to stand by sb 1) сто¬
я т ь р я д о м с к е м - л . 2) п о д д е р ж и в а т ь к о г о - л . , п о м о г а т ь
кому-л.

2. движение мимо или вдоль предмета м и м о , вдоль; a path by

the river т р о п и н к а вдоль р е к и ; to walk [to drive] by sb, sth
п р о й т и [проехать] м и м о к о г о - л . , чего-л.; i go by (=past)
the house every day. Я к а ж д ы й д е н ь прохожу м и м о этого
д о м а . Н е walked by me without saying a word. О н п р о ш е л
м и м о м е н я , н е сказав н и слова.

down [daun] указывает на движение

1. вниз в н и з , с; to walk down the h i l l спускаться с г о р ы ; to fall

down the stairs упасть с л е с т н и ц ы ; Tears ran down her face.
С л е з ы т е к л и п о ее л и ц у .

2. по течению (вниз) п о ; to sail down the river п л ы т ь (вниз) п о

реке, по течению

3. вдоль чего-л. (вдоль) п о ; to go down the road и д т и п о до¬

роге

from [ f r o m , fram] указывает на направление действия отку-

да-л. от, с, и з , у; The train from London arrives here at seven
o'clock. П о е з д и з Л о н д о н а п р и б ы в а е т сюда в семь часов.
Н е took the book from the shelf. О н в з я л к н и г у с п о л к и . i
received a letter from my brother yesterday. Вчера я п о л у ч и л
п и с ь м о от моего брата. Н е borrowed a book from his friend.
О н взял книгу у товарища.

10
in [in] указывает на

1. нахождение в пределах или внутри чего-л. в, на; The pencil

is i n the box. К а р а н д а ш в к о р о б к е . There is a vase i n the
picture. Н а к а р т и н е н а х о д и т с я ваза.

2. нахождение в каком-л. месте в, на; They live i n the USA.

О н и ж и в у т в С Ш А . Н е is working i n the fields. О н работает
в п о л е . You must be careful i n the street. Н у ж н о быть осто¬
р о ж н ы м н а улице.

3. направление или движение внутрь в; Throw the paper i n

the fire. Б р о с ь эту бумагу в огонь. Put the key i n the lock.
Вставь к л ю ч в замок.

in front of [in'frAnt9v] перед; Park your car i n front of the house.

Припаркуйте свою машину перед домом.

inside [in'said] внутрь, в; внутри; Let h i m come inside the house.

П у с т ь о н войдет в д о м . Н е is inside the house. О н в д о м е .

into ['intu:,'inta] указывает на движение или направление

внутрь чего-л. в; to come into the house в о й т и в д о м ; to walk
into the garden в ы й т и в сад; She poured some milk into the
cup. О н а н а л и л а м о л о к а в ч а ш к у .

near [ШЭ] указывает на

1. нахождение вблизи от чего-л. б л и з , возле, у, о к о л о ; near

the station б л и з / о к о л о / с т а н ц и и ; near the river у р е к и ; Н е
was standing near the table. О н стоял у стола. We live near
them. М ы ж и в е м б л и з к о / н е д а л е к о / о т них.

2. приближение к чему-л. к; Bring your chair near the fire. П о д ­

в и н ь т е с в о й стул к к а м и н у / к о г н ю / . D o n ' t come near me.
He подходи(те) к о м н е ( б л и з к о ) .

11
next to указывает на нахождение в непосредственной близости
к кому-л., чему-л. р я д о м с, о к о л о ; a seat next to the window
(the fire) место у о к н а (у к а м и н а ) ; His garden is next to mine.
Его сад г р а н и ч и т с м о и м ; the house next to ours с о с е д н и й
д о м ; Our hotel is next to the post office. Н а ш а г о с т и н и ц а
(находится) р я д о м с п о ч т о й .

off [of] указывает на

1. удаление или отделение от чего-л. с; to take the pan off the

stove с н я т ь сковороду с п л и т ы ; to fall off a ladder [a horse]
упасть с л е с т н и ц ы [с л о ш а д и ]

2. нахождение на некотором (обычно близком)расстоянии от

чего-л. от; a street off the square улица, к о т о р а я выходит
н а п л о щ а д ь ; ten miles off the island на р а с с т о я н и и д е с я т и
м и л ь от острова; The ship sank off the coast. С у д н о затону¬
л о н е д а л е к о от берега.

on [о^указывает на

1. нахождение на чем-л. или на поверхности чего-л. на; a city

on the hill город н а холме; a picture on the wall к а р т и н а на
стене; on page four н а четвертой с т р а н и ц е ; a ring on the
finger к о л ь ц о н а пальце; There was deep snow on the ground.
З е м л я была п о к р ы т а т о л с т ы м слоем снега.

2. движение по поверхности п о ; A fly walked on the ceiling.

Муха ползала п о потолку.

3. местонахождение или положение около или на границе

чего-л. на, у, о к о л о ; on the horizon на г о р и з о н т е ; on the
veranda(h) н а веранде; on the border н а г р а н и ц е ; a cottage
on a lake д о м и к у озера; a house on the main road д о м око¬
ло/у/главной дороги

4. нахождение на такой-то реке (в географических названи­

ях) на; Stratford-on-Avon С т р а т ф о р д - н а - Э й в о н е
12
onto ['ontu, 'onta] н а , в; Н е threw stones onto the track. О н б р о ­
сал к а м н и н а дорогу. Н е jumped onto a bus. О н в с к о ч и л в
автобус.

opposite ['opazit] п р о т и в , н а п р о т и в ; п о другую сторону; Our

house is opposite the park. Н а ш д о м (находится) н а п р о т и в
парка. We sat opposite each other. М ы с и д е л и друг п р о т и в
друга.

out of ['autav] указывает на движение изнутри и з ; Н е took a

handkerchief out o f his pocket. О н в ы н у л н о с о в о й п л а т о к
и з к а р м а н а . Go out of the room, please. В ы й д и т е и з комна¬
ты, пожалуйста.

outside [aut'said] в н е ; за (пределами); outside the house в н е

д о м а ; to wait outside the door ждать за дверью

over ['auva] указывает на

1. нахождение или движение над каким-л. предметом н а д ;

The lamp hung over/above the table. Л а м п а висела н а д сто¬
лом.

2. положение на каком-л. предмете или поверх него на; His

hand was over his heart. О н держал руку н а сердце.

3. положение поперек чего-л. через; a bridge over/across a river

мост через реку

4. движение через что-л., по чему-л. или через какое-л. пре¬

пятствие через, п о ; over the border через границу; to go
over the bridge п р о й т и через мост / п о мосту / ; Н е jumped
over the wall. О н п е р е п р ы г н у л через стену.

5. движение или распространение по какой-л. поверхности

в определенном или разных направлениях п о , н а (часто all
over); He travelled all over Europe. О н объехал в с ю Европу;
all over the world п о всему свету; i t snowed all over the valley.
П о всей д о л и н е ш е л снег.

13
past [pa:st] м и м о ; to walk past sb, sth п р о й т и м и м о к о г о - л . ,
чего-л.; Go past the post office and turn left. П р о й д и т е м и м о
п о ч т ы и п о в е р н и т е налево.

round [raund] указывает на

1. движение вокруг чего-л. или вращение вокруг оси вокруг;

The earth moves round the sun. З е м л я в р а щ а е т с я вокруг
с о л н ц а . We travelled round Europe. М ы объехали всю Ев¬
ропу.

2. нахождение вокруг предмета вокруг, кругом; The children

were sitting round the table. Д е т и сидели вокруг стола.

through [0ru:] указывает на прохождение через какой-л. пред­

мет или движение через какую-л. среду через, сквозь; a
path (going/leading) through the woods т р о п и н к а (ведущая)
через л е с ; Н е pushed through the crowd. О н п р о т и с н у л с я
с к в о з ь толпу; to walk through the door [the gate] п р о й т и ч е ­
р е з дверь [ворота]; The stone flew through the open window.
К а м е н ь влетел в о т к р ы т о е о к н о .

to [tu, ta] указывает на направление движения, действия в сто­

рону кого-л., чего-л. в, к, на, д о ; i ' m going to the library. Я
иду в библиотеку. She went to the station. О н а п о ш л а на
вокзал. Send h i m to the manager at once. П о ш л и т е его не¬
м е д л е н н о к заведующему. Н е threw the ball to me. О н бро¬
сил м н е м я ч .

towards [ta'wD:dz] указывает на направление движения в сто¬

рону кого-л., чего-л. к, п о н а п р а в л е н и ю к; They moved
[walked] towards the town. О н и д в и г а л и с ь [шли] (по на¬
п р а в л е н и ю ) к городу. The ship sailed towards the south. Па¬
роход ш е л п о н а п р а в л е н и ю к югу.

under ['Anda] указывает на нахождение под каким-л. предме¬

том п о д ; under the bed п о д к р о в а т ь ю ; Н е was lying under a
tree. О н л е ж а л п о д деревом.

14
up [лр] указывает на движение

1. снизу вверх п о , в, на; to go up a ladder п о д н и м а т ь с я п о л е с ­

т н и ц е ; to climb up a tree влезать н а дерево

2. в сторону центра или вдоль какого-л. предмета при направ­

лении к цели к, (вдоль) п о ; to walk up the street и д т и п о у л и ­
це к центру города; They were coming up the street to meet
us. О н и ш л и п о у л и ц е н а м навстречу. Н е walked up the
aisle to his seat. О н п р о ш е л п о проходу к своему месту.

3. по направлению к верховью реки (вверх) п о ; to sail up the

river [the Thames] п л ы т ь вверх п о р е к е [по Т е м з е ] ; up
stream п р о т и в т е ч е н и я ; up the w i n d п р о т и в ветра

Prepositions of place and movement

• Place: in, at, on

1 We use in when we think of a place as three-dimensional.

Simon is in his room.

D o you like swimming in the sea?

We also use in when we think o f a place as an area.

We went for a walk in the park.

He's got a flat in M i l a n .

15
2 We use at when we think of a place as a point.

I waited at the bus stop for twenty

minutes.
I ' l l meet you at the station.
(a meeting point)

3 We use on when we think of a place as a surface.

What's that on the floor?

I ' l l put this picture on the wall.

We also use on when we think o f a place as a line.

Memphis is on the Mississippi River.

Brighton is on the south coast
of England. -„

4 W i t h cities, towns and villages, we use at when we think

of the place as a point eg a point on a journey.

Our train stops at Brighton.

But we use in when we think o f the place itself eg He's

got a flat in Milan.

5 W i t h buildings, we can often use at or in.

We had lunch at/in Luigi's restaurant.

She works at/in the post office.

16
 We normally prefer at when we think of the building quite
generally as a place where something happens.
'Where were you last night?' ' I was at the cinema.'
M y brother is at university.

But we use in when we think of the building itself.

Compare:
We stayed at the Queens Hotel.
There are fifty bedrooms in the Queens Hotel.

6 W i t h addresses, we use at when we give the house number;

i n British English, we use in when we just give the name of
the street.
I live at 42 East Street. I live in East Street.

7 We say 'at the top (ofthe page), at the bottom (ofthe page),
at the end of the street, at the front, at the back'.
Write your name at the top/at the bottom of the
page.
Jack's house is the white one at the end of the street.
I couldn't see very well because I was standing at the
back.

8 In/at/on the front In/at/on the back

We say 'in the front/in the back of a car'.
I was sitting in the back (of the car) when we
crashed.

We say 'at the front/at the back o f a building/hall/ cin-

ema/group of people' etc.
The garden is at the back of the house.
Let's sit at the front (of the cinema). (but 'in the front
row')
17
 We say 'on the front/on the back of a letter/piece of
paper' etc.

Write your name on the back of this piece of paper.

9 We say '(sit) in an armchair (but on a chair), in the street,

in the sky, in a photograph/in a picture/in a mirror'.
'Where did you meet Tom?' 'In the street.'
Who is the woman in that photograph?
It was a lovely day. There wasn't a cloud in the sky.
D o n ' t sit in that armchair. It's broken.

10 We say 'in the corner o f a room', but 'at the corner (or
on the corner) o f a street'.
The television is in the corner of the room.
There is a telephone box at/on the corner of the
street.

11 We say 'on the left/on the right (or on the left-/right-

hand side), on the ground floor/on the first floor/on the
second floor' etc.
I n Britain we drive on the left. (or ... on the left-
hand side)
Our flat is on the second floor of the building.

12 We say that a place is on the way to another place.

We stopped at a pretty village on the way to
London.

13 You can say at school and in school, but there is a

difference.
She's at school. = she is there now:
'Where's your sister? Is she (at) home?' ' N o , she's
at school.'
18
 She's i n school. = she is a student:
'Does your sister have a job?' ' N o , she's still in
(high) school.'

Complete the s e n t e n c e s using the prepositions at, in or on.

S o m e t i m e s more than one a n s w e r is possible.

1. There's some tea ... the shelf ... the cupboard. 2. Does your
train stop ... Lyon? 3. M y friend works ... a chemist's ... the town
centre. 4. Turin is ... the north o f Italy ... the River Po. 5. Shall
we meet ... the station? 6. 'Is K e n ... the living room?' ' N o , he's
... the garden.' 7. They're staying ... the Metropole Hotel while
they are ... Brighton. 8. Rio de Janeiro is ... the south-east coast
of Brazil. 9. There's a chemist's ... the corner ... the end of the
street. 10. We had lunch ... Mario's cafe ... M a i n Road ... our way
home. 11. The girl is standing ... the corner of the street. 12. The
man is standing ... the corner of the room. 13. Tom is sitting ... an
armchair. 14. A n n is standing ... the top o f the stairs. 15. The cat
is ... the bottom of the stairs. 16. Tom lives ... this building ... the
second floor. 17. The dog is ... the back o f the car. 18. Tom is ...
the cinema. He is sitting ... the back. (or... the back row) 19. The
post office is ... the left. A n d the bank is ... the right. 20. Who is
the man ... the photograph? D o you know him? 21. The man is
standing ... the gate of his house. 22. I usually buy a newspaper
... my way to work i n the morning. 23. Last year we had a lovely
skiing holiday ... the Swiss Alps. 24. San Francisco is on ... west
coast o f the United States. 25. When you send a letter, it is a good
idea to write your name and address ... the back o f the envelope.
26. Look at those beautiful horses ... that field. 27. I saw Jack ...
the football match. 28. Julia is studying medicine ... university.
29. She spends all day sitting ... the window and watching what is
happening outside. 30. I was ... Tom's (house) last night. 31. The
rooms ... Tom's house are very small. 32. Tom's parents live ...
Nottingham. 33. He lives ... 101 Cornwall Gardens.

19
• Place and movement: to, from, into (in), out of, on
(to), off, inside, outside

A n n is going to Hawaii for

vacation.
We walked from the hotel to the
to
station.
A lot o f English words come
from Latin.
from

I opened the door and walked into

the room.
We jumped off the bridge into
into (in) the water.
A man came out of the house
and got into a car.
Why are you looking out of
the window? out of

We usually say put something in ... (not into):

I put the money in my pocket.

Compare put ... in and take ... out of:

I put the new batteries in the radio.

I took the old batteries out of the radio.

20
 D o n ' t put your feet on the
table.
Please take your feet off
the table.
I ' m going to hang some
on pictures on the wall. off
Be careful! D o n ' t fall off your
bicycle.

She was sitting inside/in the

cafe.
There is a telephone box outside
the bank.
inside outside
or in

Note that we use in with cars, but on w i t h public

transport eg buses, trains.

I usually go to work in my car.

D i d you come to school on the bus?

We say get in(to)/out of a car, but get on(to)/off a bus,

train, etc.

She got into her car and started the engine.

Two policemen got on the train at Oxford.

21
 Complete e a c h s e n t e n c e using the most suitable preposition
in the box. S o m e t i m e s more than one a n s w e r is p o s s i b l e .

to from i n into out of on onto off inside outside

1. K e n fell ... the ladder when he was changing the light bulb.
2. Andrew normally goes to school ... the bus. 3. When I was ... my
hotel room, I started to take my clothes ... my suitcase. 4. There's
a bus stop right ... our house. 5. Sally came ... the house, got ... her
motorbike and rode away. 6. M y car broke down this morning so
I went to work ... a taxi. 7. The cat jumped ... the roof of the car
and looked down at the dog. 8. Annie jumped ... the diving board
... the swimming pool. 9. Robert came ... the telephone box and
got ... his car. 10. There was an envelope lying ... the floor. 11. Are
you going ... the party on Saturday night? 12. I got a letter ... my
sister yesterday.

• Place and movement: above, below, over, under,

underneath, on top of

1 Above and over can both mean 'higher than'; below and
under can both mean 'lower than'.

a Over and under describe a direct vertical relationship.

A A is over B.
В is under A .
B The nurse leaned over the sick child.
I pushed the letter under the door.

22
b We use above and below when one thing is not directly
over or under another thing.
A is above B.
A
В is below A.
AB We stayed at a hotel above the lake.
F r o m the top of the h i l l we could see a house
below us i n the valley.

с We use over to mean 'covering' and under to mean

'covered by'.
He put his hand over his face.
What are you wearing under your coat?

d We use over to mean 'across'.

We walked over the fields to the village.

2 We can use underneath instead o f under.

What are you wearing underneath your coat?

3 We use on top of to mean that one thing is 'over and

touching' another thing.
The magazine is on top of the
fridge.

C h o o s e the correct preposition.

1. I found some money on the floor under/below the sofa. 2. The

house was on a h i l l above/over the village. 3. The cat was sitting be­
low/under the kitchen table. 4. O n our way to the village we drove
above/over a small bridge. 5. There are some old shoes above/on

23
top of the wardrobe. 6. He sat down below/under an apple tree.
7. She was wearing a long dress below/underneath her raincoat.
8. I ' d like to have a flat below/under the fourth floor. 9. I climbed
above/over the wall.

Other prepositions of place and movement

1 In front of, behind

in front of behind

I ' l l meet you in front of the post office.

There is someone hiding behind that tree.

2 Opposite, between

opposite between

The bank is opposite the cinema.

There is a coach service between Sydney
and Melbourne.

24
3 Near, next to, by, beside

near next to

They live near the sea.

The police station is next to the cinema.

By and beside both mean 'at the side o f .

Come and sit by/beside me.

4 Through, (a)round

A bird flew into the room through

a window.
The old highway goes through the city.

through

The new highway goes around

the city.
The bus stop is just around
the corner.
(a)round We walked around the town
and took some photographs.

25
5 Along, across
I walked along the road w i t h
my dog.
Let's go for a walk along the
river.
along across
The dog swam across the river.

6 By, past
They walked by me.
They didn't speak.
A: Excuse me, where is
the hospital?
by or past B: Go along this road, past the past
theater, under the bridge and
the hospital is on the left.

7 Up, down

up We walked up the h i l l
down
to the house.
T Be careful! D o n ' t fall
down the stairs.

8 To, towards
A n n is sick. She went to the doctor.
Who is that woman walking towards us?

9 Get to, arrive at/in

We say arrive in/at (a place), but get to (a place).
She arrived in/got to Paris last night.

We say arrive in a country or town, but arrive at with

other places (buildings etc) or events.
She arrived in France/Paris last night.
She arrived at the hotel just after 10 o'clock.
26
10 When we talk about movement, we do not use
a preposition before home.
I went home after school.

To talk about position, we say at home.

I was at home last night.

Complete the s e n t e n c e s using the most suitable prepositions

in the box. S o m e t i m e s more than one a n s w e r is possible.

through across up down in round

between along to opposite i n front o f next to
from at towards behind over past

1. I was sitting ... the driver ... the back seat of the car. 2. A tall
man was sitting ... me at the cinema and I couldn't see much o f
the film. 3. There is a shoe shop ... the chemist's and the library.
4. We walked ... the stairs to the top floor, then we walked ... to
the bottom again. 5. What time did you arrive ... work yesterday?
6. Who was the first person to swim ... the Atlantic? 7. There was
a woman sitting ... the driver ... the front passenger seat o f the
car. 8. We're flying ... Paris ... Amsterdam tomorrow. We arrive
... Amsterdam at 6.00. 9. I got ... the cinema late and missed the
beginning of the film. 10. There's a post office right ... my office.
You can see it from my window. 11. The burglars got into the
building by climbing ... a window. 12. We were driving ... the road
looking for a petrol station for about half an hour. 13. We walked
... the bridge to the other side o f the river. 14. The dog jumped ...
the wall into someone's garden. 15. When the bus came I put out
my hand, but it just went ... me without stopping. 16. We couldn't
see the man's face because he was standing w i t h his back ... us.
17. What's that you've tied ... your waist?

27
 Mixed practice

1. C h o o s e the c o r r e c t p r e p o s i t i o n .

1. Tom h i d through/behind the door to surprise his sister. 2. ' D o

you live i n Smith Street?' 'Yes. M y house is near/along the
park.' 3. I ' l l meet you along/outside the cinema at seven o'clock.
4. John's ladder was leaning against/onto the wall. 5. 'Where's
Steve?' 'He's in/on the garden, playing football.' 6. Jane sat out-
side /next to Sarah i n the English lesson. 7. He found his watch
from/under his bed. 8. We didn't see the turning. I n fact, we
drove straight past/towards it. 9. She hung the mirror up/over
the fireplace. 10. He walked between/along the street, look¬
ing i n the shop windows. 11. 'Why are you so tired?' 'Because
I ran all the way above /from the station.' 12. The new su¬
permarket is opposite / among the library. 13. Peter came run¬
ning into/to the room and threw his books at/onto the floor.
14. I left my bags at/from the station at/in a left luggage
locker. 15. We arrived at/in England at/in Gatwick Airport.
16. A n n had a hat on / over her head and a veil above / over her
face. 17. Travelling by / in your own car is better than going by / on
foot. 18. I was brought up in/on an island near/next to the coast
of Scotland. 19. Sue lives at/in Wales, which is a country at/in
the west o f Britain. 20. I got at/to the station just i n time to see
Jack getting from/off the train. 21. The pub is among/between the
chemist's and the butcher's and across / opposite the library.

2. C h o o s e the c o r r e c t item.

1. M y school is ... the department store and the park.

A between B below C among

28
2. What's ... this box? It's very heavy.
A onto B opposite C inside

3. A tall man sat... me, so I couldn't see.

A next to B i n front of C towards

4. This train goes ... London to Leeds.

A through B from C near

5. The Thames is the river that runs ... London.

A across B among C through

6. John's flat is on the second floor, ... the chemist's.

A above B on C along

7. There was a pretty picnic area ... the trees.

A in B along C among

8. She got ... the bus and went into a shop.

A against B off C down

9. O n my way ... the dinner party, I stopped to buy some flowers.

A to B past C towards

10. The children saw their mother and ran ... her.
A against B towards C by

11. Tony always keeps the remote control ... h i m when he watches
TV.
A beside B inside C between

12. They built a wooden bridge ... the stream.

A against B below C over

29
13. The postman walked ... my house without delivering any
letters.
A past B near C along

14. There are some keys ... the table, next to my bag.
A in B on C across

15. I parked the car ... the hospital and went inside.

A under B i n front of C towards

16. There was a fallen tree ... the road.

A outside B against C across

17. A t night, I always keep a glass of water ... me on my bedside

table.
A beside B under C across

3. Complete the s e n t e n c e s using prepositions of place a n d

movement.

1. 'Where is Sue?' 'She's ... work.' 2. We jumped ... the bridge

... the water. 3. She took a key ... her bag and opened the door.
4. We didn't have a key, so we climbed ... a window ... the house.
5. I went ... the airport ... car. 6. I studied for a year ... M u n i c h , a
lovely city ... Germany. 7. Were there many people ... the concert
on Friday? 8. ' D o you usually walk ... work?' ' N o , I go ... bicycle.'
9. We had a good meal ... a restaurant, and then we went back ...
the hotel. 10.1 met Sue ... the bus. 11. They arrived ... Brazil last
week. 12. What time did they arrive ... the hotel? 13. D o n ' t forget
to put a stamp ... the postcard before you mail it. 14. I ' m wearing a
jacket ... my coat. 15. I got a postcard ... Sue this morning. She's ...
vacation ... Madrid. 16. The supermarket is ... the theatre. 17. The
pictures are ... the shelves. The shelves are ... the pictures. 18. D a n

30
is standing ... the left. Sue is standing ... D a n and Mark. 19. There
are some shoes ... the bed. 20. We walked ... the museum and saw
a lot of interesting things. 21.1 looked ... the window and watched
the people ... the street. 22. You can put your coat ... the back of
the chair. 23. I looked at the list of names. M y name was ... the
bottom of the list. 24. There was a big table ... the middle of the
room. 25. We live ... 27 River Street. 26. I n tennis, you have to hit
the ball ... the net. 27. The dog swam ... the river. 28. The moon
travels ... the Earth. 29. He threw the book ... the window. 30. The
plane took off and was soon flying ... the clouds. 31. The book fell
... a shelf. 32. They drove ... the village. 33.1 talked to some people
... the party. 34. He was ... the road ... London. 35. What time do
you usually arrive ... work i n the morning? 36. The boy jumped ...
the river and swam ... the other side. 37. M y brother is studying
maths ... Concordia College. 38. 'Where does your sister live?'
Brussels.' 39. D i d you read about the accident ... the newspaper?
40. T i m is coming ... train. I ' m going to meet h i m ... the station.
41. There are some books ... the shelf and some pictures ... the wall.
42. They went ... the kitchen to make some coffee. 43. John lives ...
a small village ... Japan. 44. A n n is ... her sister's house. 45. There
were 20.000 people ... the soccer game. 46. When the weather is
nice i n the summer, I like lying ... the beach. 47. There are four
chairs ... the table. 48. N o light came ... the glass. 49. There is
a small table ... the window. 50. There is a beautiful lake ... our
house. 51. The ship was 3 miles ... the port. 52. The w i n d blew
the paper ... the window. 53. I t is raining. You must stay ... the
house. 54. Quick! Get ... the train. It's ready to leave. 55. Read
... line 5 ... line 12 ... page 11. 56. He makes a lot of mistakes ...
his spelling. 57. The boat moved slowly ... the coast. 58. We live a
long way ... the airport. 59. Our office is two blocks ... the shop¬
ping center. 60. They stopped overnight ... Leeds. 61. They met ...
the corner o f Regent Street. 62. The horse jumped ... the fence.
63. The ball rolled ... the table. 64. She walked ... the street and
looked at all the shop windows. 65. There is a hanging lamp ... the
desk. 66. They live ... a village ... the sea. 67. There was a bridge

31
... the river. 68. They were walking ... the forest. 69. There was a
small garden ... the house. 70. There is a writing desk ... the w i n -
dow ... my office. 71. You'll find his house ... the end of the street.
72. I was sitting ... my two sisters when he came i n . 73. The
story is a dialogue ... husband and wife. 74. Mother divided
the cake ... her three children. 75. There is a small table ... the
bed. 76. The shoe shop is ... the book shop and the pet shop.
77. This boy always takes the toys ... his sister. 78. The boy fell ...
his bicycle. 79. The traveller wrote about his life ... the Indians.
80. There was an old man with a dog . the gate of the house.
81. The boat moved slowly ... the coast. 82. She sits ... me i n
chemistry class. 83. You must go ... the bridge and then turn ...
the left. 84. She came ... the room and sat ... me. 85. The girl fell
... the stairs and hurt her leg. 86. Go ... the church and then turn
... the right. 87. She went ... the stairs. Then she came ... again.
88. I live just ... the corner. 89. We walked ... the town centre.
90. The cafe is just ... the road. 91. We drove ... the city. 92. People
all ... the world speak English. 93. Let h i m come ... the house.
94. They arrived late ... the airport. 95. There were two books ...
the box. 96. The car was ... the yard. 97. Paul is a student ... Lon¬
don University. 98. I n most countries people drive ... the right.
99. I couldn't hear the teacher well. She had a quiet voice and
I was sitting ... the back o f the class. 100. We went to the theatre
last night. We had seats ... the front row. 101. I can't find Tom ...
this photograph. Is he ... it? 102. You'll find the sports results ...
the back page o f the newspaper. 103. Paris is ... the river Seine.
104. We normally use the front entrance to the building but there's
another entrance ... the back. 105. Chkalov was the first pilot to fly
... the N o r t h Pole. 106. I ' l l see h i m ... the meeting tonight. 107. He
was sitting ... the window. 108. The ship sailed ... the river. 109. I
like a reading-lamp ... my bed. 110. There was a house ... top of
the hill and a very big lake ... the valley. 111. This town is ... the
north of England. 112. I t happened right ... my eyes. 113. Take
the textbook ... the table and begin to read the text. 114. I ' l l meet
you ... the building. 115. We had to go ... the h i l l ... a little house

32
... the top. 116. The Rocky Mountains are west ... the Mississippi
River. 117. Our house is a mile ... the road. 118. The cowboy leant
... the car i n the saloon, drinking a beer. 119. The horses wandered
aimlessly all ... the field. 120. The hunter froze as the tiger started
running ... him. He had nowhere to hide. 121. She has beautiful
works of art all ... her house, even i n the kitchen and the bathroom.
122. He climbed ... the wall and ran ... the field. 123. She took her
purse ... her bag and paid the taxi driver. 124. The dog jumped .
my lap, and settled down for a good sleep. 125. These days, politi­
cians like to walk ... the crowds, shaking hands and saying one or
two words. 126. Our cat likes to curl up ... the fire and go to sleep.
127. The burglar heard a noise coming from upstairs, so he hid ...
the curtains. 128. M y family left London and moved ... a small
village. 129. There's a fridge ... the wall and a cupboard ... that.
130. I've looked everywhere but I can't find my magazine. I saw
it this morning so i t must be somewhere ... the place. 131. D o n ' t
stand ... the fire, you'll burn yourself. 132. There were high walls
... the prison. 133. Buildings rose ... our heads.

4. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. О н и живут н а д н а м и . 2. О н и гуляли п о у л и ц а м . 3. Есть л и

в и н о в бутылке? 4. О н в о ш е л в к о м н а т у вслед за с в о и м от­
ц о м . 5. О н в с к о ч и л (вспрыгнул) н а п л а т ф о р м у . 6. Е с л и у вас
есть к н и г и п о этому вопросу, то п р и н е с и т е м н е их, п о ж а ­
луйста. 7. Е с л и у вас нет словаря, в ы м о ж е т е взять словарь в
библиотеке. 8. Б о л ь ш о й а в т о м о б и л ь стоял п о п е р е к д о р о г и .
9. Где м о й журнал? — О н л е ж и т на т в о е м п и с ь м е н н о м столе.
10. Есть л и к н и ж н ы й м а г а з и н н а э т о й улице? 11. М ы п р о ш л и
через м о с т / п о мосту. 12. Н а э т о м заводе работает о к о л о т ы с я ­
ч и рабочих. 13. У п р а ж н е н и е № 5 находится в н и з у с т р а н и ц ы .
14. М о й брат п р и с л а л м н е н е с к о л ь к о ж у р н а л о в и з М о с к в ы .
15. Его д о м находится к а к раз возле п о ч т ы . 16. М а л ь ч и к пе¬
р е б е ж а л через улицу. 17. О н и поехали на в о к з а л автобусом.
18. Н и к о г о н е б ы л о д о м а , когда я п р и ш е л . 19. С о б а к а бегает
33
вокруг дома. 20. Внутри я щ и к а н и ч е г о нет. 21. Р а д и о п р и ­
е м н и к стоит н а столе у окна. 22. П о ч т а н а х о д и т с я в к о н ц е
у л и ц ы . 23. Где столовая? — О н а н а в т о р о м этаже. 24. В э т о й
к о м н а т е будет т е л е ф о н через н е с к о л ь к о д н е й . 25. Ч е р е з о к н о
в к о м н а т у влетела птица. 26. О н убрал все в е щ и со стола.
27. Вокруг д о м а м н о г о цветов. 28. О н ш е л п о н а п р а в л е н и ю к
м о р ю . 29. О н п о б е ж а л к п о л и ц е й с к о м у . 30. М а л ь ч и к и в л е з ­
л и н а дерево. 31. О н п о л о ж и л д о к у м е н т ы н а стол и в ы ш е л и з
к о м н а т ы . 32. Н а к о н е ц т а к с и о с т а н о в и л о с ь у подъезда боль¬
ш о г о дома. 33. Н е кладите сахар в м о й ч а й . 34. О н теперь
н е работает в н а ш е м университете. 35. Н а д городом висел
густой туман. 36. Вдруг м ы увидели перед с о б о й грузовик.
37. Д е р е в н я р а с п о л о ж е н а среди холмов. 38. Р е б е н о к пря¬
т а л с я за д е р е в о м . 39. О с т а н о в и т е с ь н а п р о т и в дома. 40. М ы
в ы е з ж а е м / у е з ж а е м и з н а ш е й к в а р т и р ы . 41. П о д о ж д и м е н я
за дверью. 42. О н перелез через стену. 43. П о й д е м т е вдоль
берега. 44. Д е т и н а х о д я т с я в д о м е (внутри д о м а ) . 45. Вокруг
стола четыре стула. 46. Ч т о о б ъ я с н я л в а м в а ш преподаватель
н а п р о ш л о м уроке? 47. Р е к а Т е м з а протекает через Л о н д о н .
48. П р о й д и т е м и м о б а н к а и п о в е р н и т е н а п р а в о . 49. О н сидел
между Н и н о й и Д ж е й н . 50. О н у ш и б ногу о к а м е н ь . 51. Д о м
н а х о д и т с я н а п р а в о й стороне дороги. 52. У н и в е р с и т е т распо¬
л о ж е н н е д а л е к о от н а ш е г о дома. 53. Т ы м о ж е ш ь п е р е п л ы т ь
реку (через реку)? 54. Я н е могу п о п а с т ь (войти) в д о м . 55. О н
з а к р ы л за с о б о й дверь. 56. О н а ж и в е т н е д а л е к о от своей ш к о ­
л ы . 57. Я н е хочу стоять между н и м и . (Я не хочу м е ш а т ь им.)
58. Садитесь сюда к к о с т р у / у костра. 59. У б е р и м я ч с п о л я .
60. П о в е с ь к а р т и н у н а к р ю ч о к . 61. С а д и с ь , пожалуйста, на¬
п р о т и в м о е й сестры. 62. О н в ы ш е л и з к о м н а т ы . 63. О н в ы ш е л
и з д о м а , ч т о б ы встретить своего п р и я т е л я . 64. О н а бросила
бутылку через стену (поверх стены). 65. О н вернулся и з Лон¬
д о н а вчера. 66. О н п р о ш е л м и м о дома. 67. П о е з д ш е л через
туннель. 68. О н а смотрела в о к н о . 69. М о й д о м р а с п о л о ж е н
к а к раз н а т о й / п р о т и в о п о л о ж н о й стороне у л и ц ы . 70. Я ус¬
л ы ш а л это и з соседней к о м н а т ы . 71. Я к у п и л эту п и ш у щ у ю
м а ш и н к у у своего п р и я т е л я . 72. В н а ш е м институте очень

34
х о р о ш а я библиотека. 73. Вдоль берега р е к и р о с л и деревья.
74. Когда я ездил в М о с к в у , я о с т а н а в л и в а л с я у своих родс¬
т в е н н и к о в . 75. У о б о ч и н ы д о р о г и стоял автомобиль. 76. О н
с п р ы г н у л с поезда. 77. С т а р у ш к а упала с л е с т н и ц ы . 78. М ы
сбежали с холма. 79. О н п о д н я л с я п о л е с т н и ц е . 80. П а р о х о д
ш е л вверх п о р е к е . 81. К а м е н ь упал в реку. 82. О н п о с т а в и л
к о р з и н у п о д стол. 83. П о дороге д о м о й я к у п л ю два билета
в театр. 84. С р е д и м о и х друзей нет врачей. 85. О н сидел ря¬
д о м со м н о й за обедом. 86. М у ж ч и н а н а ф о т о г р а ф и и сидит в
к р е с л е перед телевизором. 87. О н ж д а л м е н я на углу у л и ц ы .
88. Я не л ю б л ю сидеть сзади. 89. Н а ш и места б ы л и в заднем
ряду. 90. О н и живут н а юге Ф р а н ц и и . 91. О н а ж и в е т на у л и ц е
В о с т о ч н о й д о м № 50. 92. Н а п и с а т ь м н е свою ф а м и л и ю н а
л и н и и , н а д л и н и е й и л и п о д л и н и е й / н и ж е л и н и и ? 93. М е ж д у
его о ф и с о м и м о и м и м е е т с я стена. 94. О н а сидела в своей
м а ш и н е и слушала р а д и о . 95. П р и п а р к у й т е свою м а ш и н у п е ­
ред д о м о м . 96. Автобус о с т а н о в и л с я на целую н о ч ь в Бресте.
97. С п о т о л к а свисала л а м п а . 98. В а л ф а в и т е G стоит перед
L . (В а л ф а в и т е G предшествует L . ) 99. Озеро н а х о д и т с я н а
р а с с т о я н и и м и л и отсюда. 100. О н и выехали (отправились)
и з М о с к в ы . 101. О н и н а ш л и м а л ь ч и к а среди кустов в саду.
102. Р а с с к а з представляет с о б о й д и а л о г между мужем и же¬
н о й . 103. С о б а к а ш л а р я д о м со с в о и м х о з я и н о м . 104. Р я д о м
с в о к з а л о м н а х о д и т с я г о с т и н и ц а . 105. О н увидел п т и ц у н а д
своей головой. 106. В углу к о м н а т ы н а х о д и т с я телевизор.
107. О к о л о (недалеко от) д о м а н а х о д и т с я к р а с и в о е озеро.
108. С о б а к а бежит п о улице. 109. Вокруг д о м а к р а с и в ы й сад.
110. О т о й д и от окна. 111. О н п р о ш е л м и м о м е н я , не заме¬
т и в м е н я . 112. У т р о м поезд п р и б ы л н а м а л е н ь к у ю с т а н ц и ю .
113. Д а в а й в с т р е т и м с я н а автобусной о с т а н о в к е в 7. 114. О н а
ж и в е т к а к раз в с а м о м ц е н т р е М о с к в ы . 115. К а к м о ж н о доб¬
р а т ь с я от вас до университета? 116. Д о м стоял у р е к и . 117. О н
смотрел в н и з н а воду. 118. Эльба это остров, к о т о р ы й р а с ­
п о л о ж е н н е д а л е к о от п о б е р е ж ь я И т а л и и . 119. П о л ь ш а рас¬
п о л о ж е н а к западу от Беларуси. 120. П о с т а в ь стол к стене.
121. Д е т и бегали п о к о м н а т е . 122. Я встретил его в з д а н и и

35
ш к о л ы . 123. О н п р о в о д и т ц е л ы й д е н ь в н е дома. 124. Т а к с и с т
довез м е н я д о вокзала. 125. Т р у б ы проходят п о д землей.

Fluency

Prepositions of place

Study and practise.

1. There is a church i n N o r t h Street. Next to the church, west of

it, there is a hotel. Also next to the church, on the corner of East
Street, there is a book shop. Next to the book shop, just south
of it, there is a post office. In front of the post office there is
a tree, and behind the post office there is a swimming pool.
Opposite the post office there is a coffee bar.

2. The office o f British Tourist Books is in Regent Street. I t is at

22 Regent Street, i n a large building called Tourism House.
This is near Piccadilly Circus, but rather far from Oxford Cir¬
cus. Tourism House is on the corner of Carlton Street. There is
a cinema opposite i t and a bank next to it.

3. Sue is talking to Tina on the telephone. 'So you and Paul can
come on Tuesday! Good! Now, our offices are in Tourism
House. We're on the second floor. The Regency Restaurant is
above us. It's at the top of Tourism House, and we're just below
it. You'll recognise the building easily; there are some flags on
top of it.'

36
 Look at the picture below.

Where is T e d ' s flat?

U s e the w o r d s from column 2 in column 3. C r o s s out e a c h
word in column 2 w h e n y o u u s e it.

Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4

1. Ted's flat is on in Blake House.

2. There are some in- the building.

TV aerials
above
3. Ted's flat is the third floor.
below
4. I t is the building.

5. I t is on top of a coffee shop.

6. Peter's flat is at the top of Ted's flat.

37
 What about y o u ?
Where is your home/office? Write about its location.

4. Sue is planning a photo for the

book. She has made a drawing
and is talking to Ted about it.
'Let's have the Landrover on
the left of the picture, Tina and
Paul in the middle of the pic-
ture, you on the right and all
the luggage and equipment at
the front. A n d we can have the
entrance to Tourism House at
the back of the picture.'

• But Ted has a different idea.

He says:
'How about having the
Landrover in the middle of the
picture, with some trees at the
back of it? Then we can have
Paul on the left, Tina on the right
of the picture, and the luggage
somewhere at the front.

• Then Sue has another idea.

She says:
'Let's have Tina inside the
Landrover, and Paul outside i t ,
standing beside it. We can have
you i n front of the Landrover,
taking a picture. The luggage
can be round Paul. A n d we'll
have Tourism House behind
you all.'

38
• N o w describe the final picture!
Ted was inside the Landrover, and Tina and Paul were outside
it. The luggage was round Tina, who was standing in front of
the Landrover. Paul was sitting on the ground beside it, and
behind them all there were some trees.

5. This is Paul's room. He is sitting in an armchair, and his guitar

is on a small chair. He has several pictures on the wall, and
there are some pictures on the ceiling, above his bed. He is
packing for his trip w i t h British Tourist Books, so his bag is in
a corner of the room. Some of his clothes are on the floor. You
can see a tree through the window.

39
• Now complete this description of T i n a ' s room.

Tina has several pictures ... the walls of her room, but she has
none ... the ceiling. There is a lamp ... her bed. ... the window,
you can see a roof. Tina's bag is ... the floor, there are some
books ... a chair, and her tennis racquet is ... the room. The
family's cat is sleeping ... the armchair.

40
6.

Dear Alison,

I've found a bed-sitter at last! Come and see it soon. This

is what it's like: it's a big room with a little kitchen area on
the right of the door as you walk i n . On the left of the door
there is a washbasin. Next to the washbasin there is a small
window, and by it some shelves. There's a sofa-bed along
one wall and a bedside table next to it. I n the middle of
the room is a big table with four chairs around it. There's a
fridge against the kitchen wall, and a cupboard next to that.
I n the kitchen there's a sink and a work surface and on
the right of that the cooker. M y room is very near the bath¬
room, which is at the end of the corridor. D o come and see
me soon.

Love,
Jenny

7. Many families in London live in flats but some people live in

their own houses in the suburbs. The Browns, too, have a house
in a London suburb. There are two floors in it: the ground floor
and the first floor.
On the ground floor there's a sitting room, a kitchen and a
hall. Upstairs there are two bedrooms and a bathroom. In front
of the house the Browns have a small garden where they grow
flowers. At the back of the house there's a large garden with
some fruit trees in it. A t the side of the house there is a garage.
Let's have a look at M r Brown's sitting room. There is a
piano with a low (music) stool in front of it. Next to the piano
there's a bookcase. On the left there is a large window. Under
the window there's a cosy sofa. The fireplace is at the other end
of the room. On each side of the fireplace there's an armchair.

41
 Opposite the fireplace you can see a small table with some
newspapers on it. By the table there's a small chair. On the right
there's a radio-set. There's a nice thick carpet on the floor.
During the day the sitting room is full of light. The Browns are
glad to have a sitting room like this.

• Now write about a room that y o u know; for example, your

bedroom, a c l a s s r o o m , or the office of a member of your
family. D e s c r i b e its location and s o m e of the things in it.

8. Portsmouth is a town in England. I t is in the south of England,

and it is on the coast. Off the coast, near Portsmouth, there
is an island called the Isle o f Wight. This island is south of
Portsmouth. I t is famous for watersports. Tina and Paul are
staying in St Helen's, which is in the east of the island. St
Helen's is about ten kilometres from Portsmouth.

42
• True or f a l s e ?
Write \f after the true statements, a n d x after the false
statements. Correct the false statements.

1. Portsmouth is i n the north of St Helen's.

2. Newport is west o f St Helen's.
3. Cowes is i n the north of the Isle of Wight.
4. Portsmouth is off the coast of England.
5. Cowes is south of Newport.

• Complete the description.

Majorca is an island ... the coast o f Spain. I t is ... o f Valencia,

which is a large town ... Spain. Palma is ... the coast of Majorca.
Many tourists come and stay ... Palma. Soller is ... of Palma. I t is
about sixteen kilometres ... Palma. Soller is ... o f Majorca.

43
9. Sue, Paul and Ted are talking about the sorts of places that
they like for their holidays.

Sue: I like climbing, so I like a place in the mountains.

Paul: Well, I like swimming, so I like a place that's on the
sea, or on a lake or on a river. O f course, i f the weather's
cold, I don't swim in the sea or the lake, but I like
being near water.
Ted: Well, I like a quiet holiday. I don't like a place that's
on a busy road.

• Write in_ or on in column 2.

1. London is the River Thames.

2. There are fish the River Thames.

3. Quito is the Andes Mountains.

4. Chicago is Lake Michigan.

5. New York is the Atlantic Ocean.

6. People swim the Mediterranean Sea.

7. Ryde is the road from St Helen's

to Cowes.

44
• Complete the s e n t e n c e s .

Tina, Paul, Ted and Sue stayed i n hostels i n many different places.
Paul liked hostel C, because it was ... a river, and hostel D because
it was ... a lake. Sue liked hostel A because it was ... a mountain, and
she liked hostel B even better, because it was right ... a mountain.
Ted liked hostel F, because it was ... the road, hostel E because i t
was ... a wood, and of course he liked hostels A and B too, because
they were ... the road.

Where would y o u go for your next holiday?

D e s c r i b e the location of this place.

10. This is a square. There are some

letters i n this square. H o w many A R
letters are there? There are five.
What are they? They are A , R, W,
W
Y and X . Where is the letter W? I t
is i n the middle of the square. The
Y X
letters A, R, Y and X are i n the cor-
ners. A and Y are on the left; R and
X are on the right. A and R are at
the top; Y and X are at the bottom. A is i n the top left-hand
corner. R is i n the top right-hand corner. The letter i n the bot-
t o m left-hand corner is Y. The letter i n the bottom right-hand
corner is X .

• Prepositions of movement

Study and practise.

1.

a) Tina and Paul are i n Brighton, i n the Tourist Information

Centre. A n assistant is telling them the way from the Centre to
the Dome Concert Hall.
45
 'When you leave this building, turn right into Barton Street.
Turn right again into East Street. Go along East Street as far
as N o r t h Street. Cross N o r t h Street, and go past the Royal
Pavilion, continuing towards Victoria Gardens. Turn left into
Church Street and there's the Dome.'

b) Paul and Tina walked to the Prince Regent Swimming Pool

from the Dome. They crossed Church Street and went along
Marlborough Place, towards Gloucester Place. They walked

46
 past Victoria Gardens and continued as far as N o r t h Road.
Then they turned left into N o r t h Road, and found the swimming
pool on their left.

2. Paul was staying i n an old hotel and couldn't find his room.
The lift stopped at the third floor. Paul got out of the lift and
went up some stairs. Then he went down some stairs. He walked
along a passage/corridor, through a door and into a cupboard!

The room is on the third floor. The lift stopped at the third floor.
He lives He got out

3. The dotted line (...) shows a path i n the country. Describe

where it goes.

The path goes past a church, through a wood, along part o f a

river, over a bridge, round a hill, across a railway line, and under
a road.
But Tina and Paul went a different way. The broken line ( )
shows where they went. Describe their walk.

47
 They went past the church, round the wood, over the bridge,
along a stream, through a tunnel, across a road, and under a
railway line.

• G i v e directions to a stranger how to get to a place y o u know

well.

• Have y o u ever lost your w a y ? How did it h a p p e n ?

4. Paul was at an adventure camp. This is where he went.

Paul fell off a bridge into a river. He swam across the river, then
climbed out of it, and climbed over some rocks. He ran across
a field and jumped over a gate. There were some bulls i n that
field, so he climbed on to ( = onto) a pile o f stones, and then
jumped off the stones, on to the ground.

• Write about your adventures - real or imaginary.

5. Last year I went to about twenty different countries. I went to

Japan for the first time. I came to England for the first time i n
1985. We had rather a difficult journey this time. Our plane
arrived at Manchester at 2.00 p.m., but our luggage only got to
Manchester three hours later. The car from the airport broke
down, so we arrived in Manchester itself several hours late. The
next day we left for London, and arrived at Heathrow Airport
without any problems, luckily.

• D e s c r i b e an interesting journey - real or imaginary - in

your country or abroad.

48
• Prepositions of place and movement mixed

1. Fill in: under, next to, in, on, onto, beside, in front of, over,
near or behind.

Grandma is sitting ... the sunshade. Dad is sleeping ... the sunbed.
T i m is making sandcastles ... Grandma. A n n is sitting ... Tim. The
dog is lying ... Dad. M u m is waiting ... the ice cream stall. Jenny is
hiding ... the ice-cream stall. Peter is climbing... a stool. Sue and
Bob are swimming... the sea. Some seagulls are flying ... the sea.

2. Fill in: by, from... to, at, past, inside, out of, towards, across,
against, under or through.

This is Newton High Street. A n old lady is walking ... the post
office. Her dog is looking at a cat which is hiding ... a car. ... the
car there is a man. A woman is getting ... the car. A policeman is
walking ... the street... the bank. A boy's bicycle is leaning ... the
lamp post. The boy is walking ... the door of the sweet shop which
is ... the bank. There's a bus ... the bus stop. It's going ... Newton
... Busworth.

49
3. Fill in: off, round, onto, out of, in, above, across or by.

A boy has just fallen ... his bicycle ... the busy street. A young wom-
an is running ... the street to help h i m . The boy's books have fallen
... his bag ... the street and are lying all ... h i m . His jacket is still ...
the bicycle basket. Two girls are standing ... the post box watching
the scene. ... them there's an open window. A n old woman is look¬
ing out to see what is happening.

50
4. Fill in: through, at, on, among, above, between, under,
beside, near, in, against or in the middle of.

Mrs Moore is having a party this evening. She's standing ... her
guests ... the room pointing ... a picture ... the fireplace. There's
a lot o f food ... the table and ... the table there are several empty
bottles. ... the fireplace is the record player. A man is standing ...
it. A waitress is coming ... the door holding a tray of drinks. A man
is leaning ... the wall ... two women. They are holding glasses ...
their hands.

5. Complete the description of the s c e n e in the picture using

the w o r d s in the box. U s e e a c h word only o n c e :

behind i n front o f outside inside up down on

onto off into out of along across at round
towards between near past next to opposite

There is a cafe ... a supermarket and a post office. A woman is

coming ... the supermarket. Some people are sitting ... the cafe. ...
the post office is a bank. A man is getting ... a bus ... the bank. ...

51
the bus there is a girl getting ... a motorbike. A n old man is going
... some steps ... the post office; a young woman is coming ... the
steps. Another woman is walking ... the road ... the bank. Some
children and a dog are running ... the street ... the cafe. A car is
waiting ... some traffic lights ... the supermarket. Some people are
crossing the road ... the car. There is a telephone box ... the corner
of the street ... the supermarket. A young man is walking ... the
corner.

• D e s c r i b e your daily journey to s c h o o l or work, giving full

details of your route.

• Find a photo of an outdoor s c e n e . (If p o s s i b l e , u s e a photo

of your own.) D e s c r i b e the photo using on the right/left,
in the foreground/background, next to and other preposi¬
tions.

52
 ПРЕДЛОГИ ВРЕМЕНИ

at указывает на

1. какой-л. момент или период времени в, н а , п р и , п о ; переда­

ется тж. наречиями; at two o'clock в д в а часа; at dawn н а
рассвете; at night н о ч ь ю ; at present в н а с т о я щ е е в р е м я ; at
one's arrival п о п р и б ы т и и ; at parting п р и р а с с т а в а н и и

2. возраст в; at the age o f 70, at 70 years o f age в возрасте 70

лет

after указывает на

1. последовательную смену явлений п о с л е ; after the revolution

п о с л е р е в о л ю ц и и ; After Sunday comes Monday. За в о с к р е ­
сеньем следует п о н е д е л ь н и к .

2. промежуток времени, точку отсчета или обстоятельство,

после которого что-л. происходит п о с л е ; через, спустя;
after two years' absence п о с л е двухлетнего отсутствия; after
a year через год; спустя год; after a while через н е к о т о р о е
в р е м я ; I t is after five. Т е п е р ь ш е с т о й ч а с .

before указывает на предшествование д о , р а н ь ш е ; before

Christ д о р о ж д е н и я Христова; Come before five o'clock.
П р и х о д и т е д о п я т и часов. They took a walk before dinner.
О н и п о г у л я л и перед обедом.

by указывает на приближение к какому-л. сроку или ограниче­

ние каким-л. сроком:

53
1. к; by two o'clock к двум ч а с а м ; by the end of the year к кон¬
цу года; by then к тому в р е м е н и ; Н е ought to be here by now.
(Теперь) о н д о л ж е н б ы л уже быть здесь; by the time that ...
к тому в р е м е н и , когда ...

2. в т е ч е н и е ; by day д н е м ; by night н о ч ь ю

during ['djuarir)] в п р о д о л ж е н и е , в т е ч е н и е , в о в р е м я (чего-л.);

They lived abroad during the war. Во в р е м я в о й н ы о н и ж и л и
за г р а н и ц е й . Н е came during the interval. О н п р и ш е л в о
в р е м я перерыва.

for [fo:, fa] указывает на

1. длительность в т е ч е н и е ; for an hour в т е ч е н и е часа; for

two months в т е ч е н и е двух м е с я ц е в ; for the past (last) three
weeks в т е ч е н и е п о с л е д н и х трех недель; I t rained for three
hours yesterday. Вчера т р и часа ш е л д о ж д ь . I have not been
there for five years. У ж е п я т ь лет я т а м н е был.

2. срок, на который рассчитано действие на; for a year н а год;

for a long time н а д о л г о ; for ever навсегда; This plan is for
seven years. Этот п л а н р а с с ч и т а н н а семь лет.

3. час, день и т. п., на который что-л. назначено на; The

ceremony was arranged for two o'clock. Ц е р е м о н и я была
н а з н а ч е н а н а д в а часа.

from указывает на начальный момент процесса с, н а ч и н а я с;

She works from Monday to (till/until) Friday. О н а работает с
понедельника до пятницы.

in указывает на момент времени или период времени, часть су¬

ток, время года, месяц, год, век и т. п. :

1. в; вместе с сущ. передается тж. соответствующими наре¬

чиями; i n the morning утром; i n the daytime в д н е в н о е в р е -

54
 мя; i n January в я н в а р е ; i n 1960 в 1960г.; i n the 19th century
в X I X в.; i n the 80's, i n the eighties в 80-е годы; i n recent
years в (за) п о с л е д н и е годы; i n those times в те времена; i n
(the) future в будущем; i n the past в п р о ш л о м

2. через; H e ' l l be here i n three hours. О н будет здесь через т р и

часа. The book w i l l come out i n a month. К н и г а выйдет че¬
рез м е с я ц .

3. в, за, в течение; I did it i n two hours. Я сделал э т о за д в а

часа. The house was built i n three months. Д о м б ы л постро¬
ен за т р и месяца.

on указывает на

1. какой-л. день, момент времени в, н а ; on Monday в поне¬

д е л ь н и к ; on Tuesday week (ровно) через неделю в о втор¬
н и к ; on the next (following) day н а с л е д у ю щ и й д е н ь ; on any
day в л ю б о й день; on the day of my arrival в д е н ь моего при¬
езда; on time в о в р е м я

2. дату — передается род. падежом; on the 1st of May первого

мая

3. часть дня в ; передается тж. твор. падежом; on the morning

of the 3rd of March утром третьего марта; on a rainy autumn
evening в д о ж д л и в ы й о с е н н и й вечер, д о ж д л и в ы м осен¬
н и м вечером; on a dark night т е м н о й н о ч ь ю

4. последовательность событий п о с л е , п о ; с герундием пере­

дается тж. деепричастием; on the death of his friend п о с л е
смерти его друга; on reaching home п р и д я д о м о й

5. одновременность событий в о в р е м я ; п о ; on a trip в о в р е м я

п о е з д к и (путешествия); on his rounds в о в р е м я обхода, on
his full age no д о с т и ж е н и и и м с о в е р ш е н н о л е т и я
55
past указывает на

1. более позднее совершение действия п о з ж е , за, после; past

midnight п о с л е п о л у н о ч и , за п о л н о ч ь ; Н е stayed up till past
eleven. О н лег п о з ж е о д и н н а д ц а т и .

2. время по часам; half past seven п о л о в и н а восьмого

since [sins] указывает на начало процесса, непрерывно продол¬

жающегося с какого-л. времени с, со; since Sunday (last
year) с в о с к р е с е н ь я (с п р о ш л о г о года); since yesterday со
в ч е р а ш н е г о д н я ; I have been here (ever) since five o'clock. Я
здесь с п я т и часов.

till/until указывает на момент, вплоть до которого совер¬

шается действие; till now (then) д о сих (до тех) п о р ; till
tomorrow до завтра; She worked from morning till night. О н а
работала с утра д о вечера. Let's work till ten. Д а в а й т е пора¬
ботаем д о десяти.

towards указывает на приближение к определенному моменту

времени к, о к о л о ; towards evening к вечеру; towards the end
of the journey к к о н ц у п у т е ш е с т в и я ; He went to bed towards
11 o'clock. О н лег спать о к о л о 11 часов.

within [wI'5m] указывает на временной предел в течение; н е

п о з д н е е (чем); за; w i t h i n a week в т е ч е н и е недели, д о кон¬
ца н е д е л и ; You must answer w i t h i n three days. В ы д о л ж н ы
ответить в т е ч е н и е трех д н е й (в т р е х д н е в н ы й срок).

56
 Prepositions of time

• Time: at, in, on

1 We use at, in and on i n these ways:

at + a time of the day at 2 o'clock at 6.30

at midnight at noon
(=12 o'clock i n the
daytime) at lunchtime

in + a part of the day in the morning in the

afternoon in the evening

But we say at night.

on + a day on Monday on Wednesday

on Saturday on Christmas
Day

on + a day + a part on Monday morning

of the day on Wednesday evening
on Saturday night

on + a date on 4th July

on 1st January

at + weekends at the weekend

at weekends

at + public holiday at Christmas at Easter

periods

in + longer periods eg in July in the summer

months, seasons, years in 1983 in the 19-th
etc. century

57
2 We do not use at, on or in before next, last, this, every, all,
each, some, any and one.

We're leaving next Monday.

I ' l l see you this evening.
They play tennis every weekend.

We do not use at, on or in before tomorrow and

yesterday.

What are you doing tomorrow evening?

3 We normally leave out at when we ask (At) what time ... ?

What time are you leaving?

4 We also use in to talk about a period of time i n the

future.

I ' l l be finished i n half an hour. ( = half an hour from

now)
We're meeting i n two weeks. ( = two weeks from
now)

Note the expression in ... 's/' time.

We're meeting i n a week's time.

We also use in to say how long something takes.

I can walk from my house to the town centre i n

twenty minutes.
( = it takes me twenty minutes to do this)

58
1. Fill in: at, in or on.

1. ... the evening 9. ... November

2. ... Monday 10. ... the summer

3. ... midnight 11. ... 1967

4. ... A p r i l 13th 12. ... noon

5. ... 5.30 13. ... the 15th century

6. ... Tuesday morning 14. ... Sunday morning

7. ... Christmas 15. ... a spring night

8 6.30 16. ... dawn

2. Fill in the g a p s with at, on or in where n e c e s s a r y .

I . Kate doesn't normally work ... weekends, but she had to work
... last Saturday. 2. We're leaving ... tomorrow morning, but we'll
be back ... three weeks' time. 3. D i d she send you a card ... your
birthday? 4. ... what time does the meeting start ... Monday? 5. I
can normally get home from work ... about half an hour ... Friday
evenings. 6. They went on holiday to Spain ... Easter and then
again ... the summer. 7. The bridge was built ... the 16th century.
8. D o you enjoy driving ... night? 9. I ' m taking my driving test
... 4.30 ... July 3rd. 10. He was born ... 1900 and died ... 1972.
I I . I ' m going to a conference i n Egypt ... a week. 12. Can you
meet me ... 2 o'clock ... next Saturday afternoon? 13. 'I've got a
dentist's appointment ... Friday.' 'Oh, I went to the dentist's ...
last week.' 14. 'What time is your interview?' 'It's ... ten o'clock
... the morning.' 15. ' I ' m going on holiday ... July.' ' M e too. I
always go on holiday ... the summer.' 16. ' I ' m having a party ...
Saturday night.' 'Really? Can I come?' 17. 'Are you having a pia-
no lesson ... this week?' 'Yes. M y teacher is coming ... Thursday.'

59
18. 'When did you start working here?' 1996, when I left u n i -
versity.' 19. 'Jane bought a new car ... yesterday.' 'Oh. What's i t
like?' 20. 'Is Grandma coming to visit us ... Christmas Day?' 'Yes.
She'll be here ... lunchtime.' 21. 'Dad, when were you born?' ' I
was born ... 7th June, 1965.' 22. 'Shall we meet ... seven o'clock ...
tomorrow?' 'Oh, I can't. I have a meeting ... that time.' 23. 'When
was the bicycle invented?' ' I t was invented ... the nineteenth cen-
tury.' 24. 'John and Mary are moving bouse ... November.' ' I
know. Mary told me ... last week.' 25. ' D o you start work ... nine
o'clock?' 'Oh, no. I never work ... the mornings.' 26. 'Shall we go
out ... this evening?' 'Yes. I ' d love to go out ... tonight.' 27. 'When
does the train to Birmingham leave?' ' I t leaves ... quarter past
eight.'

3. Fill in: at, in, by or o n .

Last year ... Easter I went to England for a short holiday. I ar-
rived i n London ... Friday ... 11 o'clock ... the evening. I went to
my hotel by taxi, which got me there ... about an hour. I was so
tired by then that I went straight to bed. When I woke up ... the
morning I remembered that I had made an appointment to meet
a friend ... 10.30. I thought I could never get ready ... time, but i n
the end I had reached the cafe ... 10.15. M y friend arrived ... time.
... 1 o'clock we went to a restaurant for lunch and ... the afternoon
we went to a museum.

4. Fill in: in, on or at.

A footballer's life starts ... the weekend. Most people go out... F r i -

day night, but I have to be i n bed ... 10 o'clock. ... Saturday I get
up ... 8 o'clock ... the morning and drive to the stadium ... noon.
... lunchtime our manager talks about the team we are playing. We
play most of our games ... the winter and sometimes it can be hard
to play ... a cold Saturday afternoon, especially ... January. I t isn't
much fun ... Christmas either. We play a lot of games ... the Christ-

60
mas holiday. Although we don't play ... Christmas Day, we do play
... December 26th, so I can't eat or drink too much! I t would be
nice to spend more time with my family ... that day, but I can't.

On time and in time

1 On time means 'at exactly the right time'.

The buses are very unreliable. They never arrive on

time. ( = at exactly the right time)
I n my school the classes always start on time. (=at
exactly the right time)

2 In time means 'early enough'.

He discovered the fire i n time to stop it spreading.

(=early enough to stop i t )
I hope my leg gets better i n time for the football match
on Saturday. (=early enough for the match)

1. Fill in: on time or in time.

1. I didn't arrive ... to see her before she left. 2. The bus service is
terrible; the buses are never ... . 3. I hope my car w i l l be repaired
... for the weekend. 4. She's very punctual. She always arrives ... .
5. She didn't arrive ... to say goodbye to h i m . 6. I don't think I ' l l
be home ... to see the film on T V this evening.

2. Fill in: on time or in time.

M r Savage was driving very fast last night because he wanted to be

home ... for the late film. He knew it probably wouldn't start ... but
61
he didn't want to take any chances. Suddenly, a boy on a bicycle
appeared i n front of his car and M r Savage just managed to stop
... to avoid hitting h i m . He was so frightened by this that he drove
the rest o f the way home very slowly. Unfortunately, the film had
started ... and he missed the first half hour o f it.

At the beginnng and in the beginning

1 At the beginning (of) means 'at the point where some¬

thing starts'.
There's usually a preface at the beginning o f a book.

2 In the beginning means 'at first, originally'.

I found computer programming difficult i n the begin¬
ning.

At the end and in the end

1 At the end means 'at the point where something

stops'.
We're going on holiday at the end o f this week.
A t the end of the film I felt very sad.

2 In the end means 'finally' or 'after some time'.

We couldn't decide what to do yesterday evening. I n

the end we decided to stay at home.
A t first I didn't like h i m , but i n the end we became
good friends.

62
1. Fill in with: at the end or in the end.

1. I hated school at first, but ... I quite enjoyed it. 2. They're going
to Italy ... of next week. 3. A t first, he didn't want to come with us
on holiday, but ... he changed his mind. 4.1 looked everywhere for
my wallet and ... I found it i n my jacket. 5. She's starting work ... of
May. 6. We were all exhausted ... o f the journey. 7. We were going
to walk home, but ... we decided to take a taxi.

2. Fill in with: at the beginning, at the end, in the beginning or

in the end.

I started a new job as a telephone operator ... o f this year. I found

the job rather complicated ... , but I got used to i t ... . I ' m quite
good at it now, and I ' m getting a pay-rise ... o f this month. I've
got a month's holiday soon, starting ... of July and finishing ... o f
September. I couldn't decide where to go at first, but I decided on
Malta ... .

Time: in, during, for, while

1 In and during

a We can use both during and in to refer to a period o f

time, often w i t h the same meaning.
We were i n Rome during/in the summer.
It snowed during/in the night.

b We prefer during to say that something continues all

through a period.
We were i n Rome during the whole of the summer.
(Not: ... i n the whole of the summer.)

63
c We use during, not in, to refer to an activity eg a visit or
a meal (rather than a period o f time).
We visited the Colosseum during our visit to Rome.
(Not: ... i n our visit to Rome.)
During lunch I explained my plans.
(Not: I n lunch ... )

2 During, for and while

a During says when something happens; for says how long

something continues. Compare:
It snowed during I t snowed for four
the morning. hours.
We were i n Rome We were i n Rome for ten
during the summer. days.

b While has the same meaning as during. We use during +

noun; but while + clause.

Compare:
during + noun while + clause
He broke his arm He broke his arm while
during the fight. they were fighting.
It started to rain I t started to rain while
during the picnic. they were having a picnic.

1. Complete the s e n t e n c e s using during, in, for or while.

S o m e t i m e s more than one a n s w e r is possible.

1. Some people were talking i n the cinema ... the film. 2. We've
been waiting ... almost an hour. 3. Something woke me up ... the
night. 4. I was on holiday ... two weeks ... the spring. 5. I saw Sue
64
... my visit to London. 6. They stopped work ... half an hour ...
the afternoon. 7. We visited some interesting places ... we were i n
London. 8. I ' l l be i n France ... the whole ofSeptember. 9. Someone
broke into their flat ... they were away on holiday.

2. Fill in: during or while.

We went to a few tropical islands ... the summer holiday last year.
M y parents spent most of their time i n the hotel ... I was sunbath¬
ing on the beach. ... a boat journey from one island to another
there was a terrible storm. M y mother was seasick ... the trip, ...
my father and I were trying to help her.

Time: by, until, from ... to/until, before, after

1 By and until

We use until (or till) to mean 'up to the time when'; we

use by to mean 'not later than'.

Compare:

I ' l l stay until Sunday I ' l l have to leave by

lunchtime. ( = up to Sunday lunchtime.
Sunday lunchtime) ( = not later than
Sunday lunchtime)

H e ' l l be out t i l l H e ' l l be home by

10 o'clock. ( = up to 10) 10 o'clock.
( = not later than 10)

65
2 From ... to/until

The shop opens from 8.30 to 5.30 every day.

I ' l l be on holiday from Monday u n t i l / t i l l Friday
next week.

3 Before and after

I ' l l be home before 6 o'clock.

After dinner we went for a walk.

1. Complete the s e n t e n c e s using by, until, from ... to, after,

before. S o m e t i m e s more than one a n s w e r is possible.

1. I waited ... half past eight ... nine o'clock, but she didn't come.
2. They hope to finish the job ... Thursday next week. 3. He
normally works ... Monday ... Friday. 4. H o w many more weeks
are there ... your holiday? 5. I f you want a ticket for the concert,
let me know ... next Wednesday at the latest. 6. We won't start the
meeting ... everyone is here. 7. We were tired ... our visit to the
cinema. 8. The film starts at 8.10, so we must be at the cinema ...
8.00 at the latest.

2. Fill in with: by, by the time, until/till or at.

When I went out last Saturday I told my father I ' d be back ...
1 o'clock at the latest. However, I was having such a good time
that I didn't even look at my watch ... 2.30! ... I found a taxi to
take me home it had gone 3 o'clock, and I finally arrived home
... 3.30. M y father was furious and told me I ' d have to be home ...
7 o'clock every night of the week ... the end of the month!

66
3. Fill in with: within, after, afterwards or from ... to/ until/till.

I ' m i n trouble with my history teacher. He gave us a project to

finish ... a week, and I haven't even started i t yet. I was going to
do i t ... dinner on Thursday, but my friend phoned and invited me
out to the cinema. He didn't tell me we were going to a party ... !
We stayed at the party ... 11 o'clock ... 3.00 i n the morning. N o w
it's Friday and the History class starts at 2 pm. I f I don't finish the
project ... the next two hours, my teacher w i l l probably make me
stay behind ... school.

• For, since, ago, before

1 We use for w i t h a period o f time to say how long

something continues i n the past, present or future.

We were i n Rome for ten days last August.

They usually go on holiday for two weeks every
summer.
I ' l l be i n Manchester for the next three days.

2 We often use for and since with the present perfect to

talk about things that have continued over a period.

Compare:
I've been watching I've been watching T V
T V for two hours. since 7 o'clock.
I've known her for I've known her since
three months. November.

We use for when we We use since when we

mention the length mention the starting point
of the period eg two of the period eg 1 o'clock,
hours, six months. April.
67
3 Ago is an adverb meaning 'before now'.

It's 10 o'clock now. Sue left two hours ago. ( = Sue

left at 8 o'clock.)

Ago comes after an expression of time.

She left a few minutes ago.

Six months ago they moved to Manchester.

Note the question How long ago ... ? eg H o w long ago

did she leave?

We use ago w i t h a past tense, not the present perfect.

For example, we cannot say She has left a few minutes
ago.

Compare ago and for:

I went to New York I went to New York for

two weeks ago. ( = two two weeks. ( = I spent two
weeks before now) weeks there)

Compare ago and before:

ago = 'before now'; before = 'before a past time'

John left school three years ago; Jane had already

left school three years before.
Jane left school John left school NOW

68
1. Fill in: for, since, ago, before.

1. M y grandparents visited Edinburgh ... two weeks i n 1980. They

had been there five years ... , so i t wasn't completely new to them.
2. M y brother has been interested i n music ... quite a long time.
He was given his first guitar 20 years ... . 3. John worked i n a travel
agency ... six months i n 1985. He already had some experience o f
the tourist industry because he had worked i n a Tourist Informa-
tion office i n London two years ... . 4. Patricia started working as
a journalist with a newspaper i n Madrid ten years ... . She's been
working for the same newspaper ever ... then. 5. Tina moved away
from Newcastle five years ... and she hasn't been back there ...
then. 6.1 haven't played football ... I was a child. 7. Chris has been
talking on the telephone ... ages!

2. Fill in: since or for.

A. John and Norma have been married ... 20 years. They have
been living i n New York ... 1996. John has been working on
Wall Street ... four years and he has made a lot o f money ... he
started working there. Norma hasn't worked ... they moved to
New York but she has been writing a book ... the past two years.
She has had a lot of spare time ... their son left home four years
ago to work i n France.

B. John Barnes has been i n the police force ... 1998. Before that
he worked i n a supermarket ... two years, but he found i t very
boring. He has had lots o f adventures ... he became a police¬
man. He was a constable ... three years, then he was promoted
to sergeant. He has had to work a lot harder ... then, but he
loves his job.

3. Fill in: ago or before.

I met my penfriend, Bill, four days ... . I had never met h i m ... .
The day ... I saw h i m I was a bit nervous because I didn't know

69
what he would be like. He comes from America and, although
I went there two years ... , we didn't meet then. When I met h i m ,
I discovered that his grandparents used to live near my village 100
years ... , so he might even be a distant relation.

4. Fill in with: ago, after, afterwards, from ... to, before, within,
or in the end.

I began English classes six months ... . I had studied English ... at
school, but ... leaving, I began to forget a lot o f the English I had
learnt. Initially I attended classes several times a week and would
sometimes study i n the library a few weeks o f beginning
classes my English improved considerably, so I decided ... four
months to attend fewer classes and now I only attend one class a
week . ... I think I made the right decision; my English is continu¬
ing to improve and I have more time to spend w i t h my family. ...
now ... the end of June I w i l l be revising for my exams.

Mixed practice

1. Fill in the g a p s with prepositions where n e c e s s a r y .

A. 1. I don't eat much ... the day, but I always have a big meal ...
the evening 2. I learnt to drive ... four weeks. 3. Columbus discov-
ered America ... the 15th century. 4. ' I ' m going out now. I ' l l be back
... 4.30. W i l l you still be here?' ' I don't think so. I ' l l probably have
gone ... then.' 5. We were i n Rome ... ten days last August. 6. It's
10 o'clock now. John left two hours ... . 7. She said she had been
shopping ... two hours. 8. I've been learning English ... last year.
9. ' H o w long did you stay at the party last night?' '... midnight.'
10. I ' m tired. I ' m going to lie down ... a few minutes. 11. ... the
exam everybody was nervous. 12. ... dinner we went for a walk.
13. He translated the article ... an hour. 14. The train w i l l be leaving
... a few minutes. 15. They got married ... last March. 16. We often
70
go to the beach ... the summer. 17. Tom isn't here ... the moment.
18. Ann's birthday is ... January. 19. D o you work ... Saturdays?
20. We went to bed late ... last night. 20. I won't be out very long.
I ' l l be back ... ten minutes. 21. The telephone and the doorbell rang
... the same time. 22. I t was quite a short book and easy to read.
I read i t ... a day. 23. We didn't speak ... we were eating. 24. We
didn't speak ... the meal. 25. I've lived i n this house ... six years.
26. I ' l l have finished my work ... 11 o'clock. 27. Carol got married
... 17, which is rather young to get married. 28. I've been invited to
a wedding ... 14 February. 29. Tom doesn't see his parents very of-
ten these days — usually ... Christmas and sometimes ... the sum-
mer ... a few days. 30. The course begins ... 7 January and ends ...
10 April. 31. There are usually a lot of parties ... New Year's Eve.
32. Next week I ' m going to Los Angeles ... a few weeks. 33. We
were very tired ... walking ... three hours. 34. D i d you go out ...
Monday morning? 35. I always have breakfast ... going to work.
36. I've lived i n this house ... I was seven years old. 37. Jack is out
of town. H e ' l l be away ... next Wednesday. 38. H o w long ... did she
leave? 39. When I spoke to the woman, I understood I had met her
somewhere ... . 40. M r Woods had been working ... 50 years when
he finally retired ... 1985. 41. A n old man was peacefully sleeping
... the show and when asked of his opinion o f the last act he said:
' I haven't seen such a play ... ages. I couldn't take my eyes off the
stage ... the show. I think we must enjoy i t once more ... a month
or so. I want to remember it ... ever.' 42. I felt very cold because I
had been standing outside ... over two hours. 43. She said that she
had lived i n Paris ... she was 10. 44. I often go away ... the weekend.
45. They're going on vacation ... next Monday. 46. The park
is lovely ... the spring. 47. D o you often go out ... the evening?
48. Goodbye. I ' l l see you ... a few days. 49. I like looking at the
stars i n the sky ... night. 50. I w i l l send you the money ... the end of
this month. 51. She calls me ... every Sunday. 52. We went to Mex-
ico ... last summer. 53. The concert is ... November 20. 54. I ' m
going to France ... October. 55. We're leaving ... tomorrow morn¬
ing, but we'll be back ... three weeks' time. 56. D i d she send you
a card ... your birthday? 57. He has been here ... Monday. 58. I've
been cleaning my flat ... the past two hours. 59. Six months ... they

71
moved ... Manchester. 60. John left school three years ... . Jane had
already left school three years ... . 61. They usually go on holiday
... two weeks ... every summer. 62. I went to bed early last night,
but I wasn't tired. I read a book ... 3 o'clock. 63. I went to sleep ...
I was watching television. 64 eating the apple, she washed it.
65. I started work ... reading the newspaper. 66. The 11.45 train
left ... time. 67. I've sent Jill her birthday present. I hope it ar¬
rives ... time (for her birthday). 68. A l l the players shook hands
... the end o f the match. 69. Tom couldn't decide where to go
for his holidays. He decided to go to Italy ... the end. 70. Tom
didn't want to lend us the money at first but ... the end he agreed.
71. I ' l l be moving to a new address ... the end ofSeptember. 72. The
bus was late this morning, which is unusual. It's usually ... time.
73. We had to get on the train without tickets because we didn't
get to the station ... time to buy them. 74. ' I ' l l meet you at the cor-
ner at 7.30.' 'O'kay, but please be... time.' 75. The conference was
very well organised. Everything began and finished ... time.

B. Paul is writing to a friend.

I ' m sorry we weren't here ... May! There aren't so many events
... this month, but there's a fishing boat race ... next Saturday. ...
Friday we're going riding. ( D o you remember? I had some rid¬
ing lessons ... last summer.) I ' d like to be here ... October, when
there's a big tennis tournament. They have the tournament ... ev¬
ery October.

C . A t a travel agent's.

'Right! your plane leaves ... 14.00. You should check i n 1 1/2 hours
... departure time, so you need to be at the airport ... 12.30. You
can wait i n the departure lounge ... check-in time ... departure
time.
You'll probably wait there ... about 13.50. Now, about getting
to the airport. There's an airport bus that leaves the terminal ...
11.00. You could catch that. I know there's always a lot of traffic
72
going to the airport ... the morning, ... about 8.00 ... about 10.00.
However, you'll be going ... that period, so you'll be O.K.'

D. I n a coffee bar.

'Where have you been? We agreed to meet at 2.30. I've been wait­
ing for you ... hours! Well, not exactly hours, but ... 2.35. Let me
see — ... 2.35 ... now: that's forty minutes. I've drunk three cups
of coffee ... that time and got very bored. I f I ' d brought a book I
could at least have been reading ... forty minutes. Anyway, what's
your excuse?'
' M y excuse? I've been waiting for you ... thirty minutes, i n the
street. We agreed to meet on the street corner, didn't we? Any¬
way, ... next week let's meet ... Tuesday. That's easier for me than
Wednesday. See you ... next Tuesday, then.'
'What? Are you going already? Aren't you going to stay ... a
few minutes?'
' N o , I can't! I've got the dentist ... this afternoon. I ' l l have to
wait ... Tuesday for your news!'

2. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. К о н ф е р е н ц и я п р о д о л ж а л а с ь о к о л о недели. 2. Во в р е м я с о ­
в е щ а н и я г л а в н ы й и н ж е н е р выступал н е с к о л ь к о раз. 3. К о г д а
т ы о б ы ч н о встаешь? — О к о л о 7. — А Д ж и л л ? — О н а н и к о г д а
н е встает р а н ь ш е 10. 4. М и с т е р а Б р а у н а нет. О н в е р н е т с я ч е ­
рез полчаса. 5. М ы н а ч и н а е м работу с 8 утра и з а к а н ч и в а е м в
5, за и с к л ю ч е н и е м субботы, когда м ы р а б о т а е м д о 3. 6. М н е
б ы хотелось п о г о в о р и т ь с в а м и . М ы м о г л и б ы встретиться в
п о н е д е л ь н и к ? — В п о н е д е л ь н и к ? Б о ю с ь , ч т о нет. Я с о б и р а ­
ю с ь в к о м а н д и р о в к у в Б р и с т о л ь и пробуду т а м д о среды. Я
д у м а ю , ч т о вернусь в Л о н д о н к четвергу. 7. П е т р о в сейчас в
П а р и ж е . О н собирается п р о б ы т ь т а м д в е недели. 8. С к о л ь ­
к о Вам лет? — М н е 35 лет. Я р о д и л с я 26 и ю л я 1977 г. 9. В ы
с в о б о д н ы в п я т н и ц у вечером? — К с о ж а л е н и ю , нет. У м е н я
д е л о в о е с в и д а н и е с м и с т е р о м С м и т о м . О н будет ждать м е н я

73
в г о с т и н и ц е в 5 часов. 10. М ы м о ж е м з а в е р ш и т ь экспери¬
м е н т в т е ч е н и е м е с я ц а . К 10 д е к а б р я в ы получите всю не¬
обходимую и н ф о р м а ц и ю . 11. К о т о р ы й час? — 8.30. — С е а н с
н а ч и н а е т с я в 9. Осталось полчаса до начала ф и л ь м а . 12. Воз¬
м о ж н о , о н и пробудут в Е в р о п е н е с к о л ь к о м е с я ц е в . 13. О н и
изучают а н г л и й с к и й я з ы к два года. 14. Н а м п р и д е т с я отло¬
ж и т ь н а ш е путешествие до следующего месяца. 15. П о е з д
п р и б ы л в о в р е м я . 16. Вы не одолжите м н е свою ручку н а
минуту? 17. М н о г и е а н г л и й с к и е семьи с о б и р а ю т с я вместе
н а Рождество. 18. У ч е б н ы й год в н а ш е й стране н а ч и н а е т с я
с 1 сентября. 19. Ч е р е з два года ей и с п о л н и т с я 20 лет. 20. М ы
д р у ж и м с детства. 21. О н а была в б о л ь н и ц е с и ю н я п о август.
22. Я н е видел (не вижу) его с и ю н я . 23. В р е м я от в р е м е н и
о н и н а в е щ а ю т н а с . 24. М ы уезжаем в отпуск в к о н ц е месяца.
25. Вначале я хотел сходить в к и н о , н о в к о н ц е к о н ц о в ре¬
ш и л остаться дома.

74
 ДРУГИЕ ПРЕДЛОГИ И ДРУГИЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ
ПРЕДЛОГОВ

about указывает на

1. объект разговора, обсуждения, забот и т.п. о, о т н о с и т е л ь ­

н о , насчет; to speak (to think, to read, to write) about sb, sth
говорить (думать, читать, писать) о к о м - л . , ч ё м - л . ; Н е
told us about his trip to the South. О н р а с с к а з а л н а м о своей
п о е з д к е н а юг; what (how) about... ? к а к насчет ... ? what
about your report? к а к насчет вашего доклада?

2. приблизительность о к о л о , п р и б л и з и т е л ь н о , п о ч т и , без
малого; about thirty miles п р и б л и з и т е л ь н о т р и д ц а т ь м и л ь ;
It's about three o'clock now. С е й ч а с о к о л о трех часов.

3. наличие

а) каких-л. предметов (документов, денег и т. п.) п р и , с;

Have you any money about you? Есть л и у вас с с о б о й / п р и
себе деньги?
б) каких-л. свойств, качеств и т. п. в, у; There is something
about her. В н е й ч т о - т о есть. There is a look of kindness about
his face. У него д о б р о е л и ц о .

above более, б о л ь ш е , с в ы ш е ; There were above 500 people there.

Т а м б ы л о с в ы ш е 500 человек.

against п р о т и в ; Are you for or against the plan? В ы поддержи¬

ваете этот п л а н и л и нет?

as к а к , в качестве; to work as a teacher (as a guide) работать

учителем (гидом); Н е introduced her as his sister. О н пред¬
ставил ее к а к свою сестру.
75
besides [bi'saidz] к р о м е , п о м и м о (в смысле сверх чего-л., вдо­
бавок к чему л.); Besides the football team, the college has a
baseball team and a basketball team. К р о м е / П о м и м о фут¬
б о л ь н о й к о м а н д ы к о л л е д ж имеет е щ е бейсбольную и
баскетбольную к о м а н д ы .

by (часто после глагола в пассиве) указывает на

1. деятеля; The play was written by Shakespeare. Эта пьеса н а ­

п и с а н а Ш е к с п и р о м ; a novel by Dickens р о м а н Д и к к е н с а

2. средство или способ совершения действия; Н е began the

work by collecting material. О н н а ч а л работу со сбора мате¬
риала.

3. способ передвижения, пересылки и т. п. п о , на; by air н а са¬

молете, самолетом; by bus н а автобусе, автобусом; by rail
п о ж е л е з н о й дороге; by water п о воде; by post no почте; by
airmail а в и а п о ч т о й

except [ik'sept] к р о м е (в смысле за исключением); Н е goes there

every day except Sunday. О н ходит туда к а ж д ы й д е н ь , кро¬
м е в о с к р е с е н ь я . Everybody is ready except you. Все готовы,
к р о м е вас (за и с к л ю ч е н и е м вас).

for указывает на

1. цель, намерение д л я , за, на; What do you want this book for?
Д л я чего в а м н у ж н а э т а к н и г а ? ; to fight for independence
(freedom) бороться за н е з а в и с и м о с т ь (за свободу); to send
for a doctor послать за врачом; to go out for a walk в ы й т и н а
прогулку; She is saving for old age. О н а к о п и т (деньги) н а
старость.

2. лицо, иногда предмет, в пользу которого или в ущерб ко¬

торому совершается действие д л я ; What can I do for you?
М о г у л и я ч т о - н и б у д ь сделать д л я вас? Н е bought some
flowers for her. О н к у п и л ей цветы.

76
3. причину или повод за; Н е was rewarded for his bravery.
Его н а г р а д и л и за храбрость.

4. цену за; to pay a dollar for a book заплатить доллар за к н и г у

like т а к ; к а к к т о - л . ; к а к что-л.; a subject like physics предмет

вроде ф и з и к и ; like that т а к и м образом; to swim like a duck
плавать к а к утка; to be/to look like sb, sth быть п о х о ж и м
н а к о г о - л . , что-л.; She looks very much like her mother. О н а
о ч е н ь похожа н а свою мать.

of [DV, 9v] указывает н а

1. принадлежность; владение чём-л.; авторство — передает­

ся род. падежом; the garden o f my neighbour сад моего со¬
седа; the plays of Shakespeare п ь е с ы Ш е к с п и р а

2. соотношение части и целого и з ; one of them о д и н и з н и х ,

most (many, some) of us б о л ь ш и н с т в о ( м н о г и е , н е к о т о р ы е )
из нас

3. содержимое какого-л. вместилища — передается род. па¬

дежом; a glass o f beer бокал пива, a book o f poems к н и г а
с т и х о т в о р е н и й , a bag of potatoes м е ш о к к а р т о ш к и

4. материал, из которого что-л. сделано и з ; The sweater is

made of wool. С в и т е р сделан и з ш е р с т и . The house is made
of brick. Д о м п о с т р о е н и з к и р п и ч а .

Примечание: Когда вещество и л и м а т е р и а л в про¬

цессе п р о и з в о д с т в а п р е в р а щ а е т с я в другое ве¬
щ е с т в о и л и материал, то употребляется предлог
from: Cheese is made from milk.

on указывает на

1. предмет переговоров, спора, тему книги, лекции и т.п. о,

о т н о с и т е л ь н о , п о (поводу); a decision (a debate) on sth р е -

77
 ш е н и е (спор) п о поводу чего-л.; an agreement on sth со¬
г л а ш е н и е п о к а к о м у - л . вопросу; a book on birds к н и г а о
птицах; a lecture on history л е к ц и я п о и с т о р и и ; to write
(to speak) on sth п и с а т ь (говорить) о ч ё м - л . (на к а к у ю - л .
тему); She wrote a book on Russia. О н а н а п и с а л а к н и г у о
России.

2. способ передачи п о ; on the telephone п о телефону; on

television п о т е л е в и д е н и ю ; to hear a song on the radio услы¬
шать песню по радио

3. способ передвижения в, на; вместе с сущ. передается тж.

наречием; on a train в поезде, п о е з д о м ; on horseback вер¬
хом; on foot п е ш к о м

4. инструмент, орудие н а ; передается тж. твор. падежом;

to play on an organ играть н а органе; to cut one's finger on a
knife порезать п а л е ц н о ж о м ; to dry one's hands on a towel
вытереть р у к и п о л о т е н ц е м

5. наличие чего-л. (при себе, с собой); I have no money on ( =

about) me. У м е н я п р и себе нет денег.

over указывает на

1. большее количество с в ы ш е , сверх, больше; over a mile

б о л ь ш е м и л и ; over fifty millions с в ы ш е п я т и д е с я т и милли¬
онов

2. больший возраст, время и т. п. больше; He's over thirty. Е м у

б о л ь ш е т р и д ц а т и лет. Н е spoke over an hour. О н г о в о р и л
б о л ь ш е часа.

per [рз:, рэ] указывает на количество, приходящееся на опреде­

ленную единицу в, н а , с, за; 23 miles per hour 23 м и л и в ч а с ;
£ 300 ф у н т о в за т о н н у

under м е н ь ш е , н и ж е ; under £ 5 м е н ь ш е п я т и фунтов; Under

50 people were there. Т а м н е б ы л о и п я т и д е с я т и человек; to
walk five miles i n under an hour п р о й т и п я т ь м и л ь м е н ь ш е
ч е м за час.

78
with [wi5] указывает на

1. совместность (часто together with) (вместе) с; to work

(together) w i t h sb работать (вместе) с к е м - л . ; She came w i t h
two daughters. О н а п р и ш л а с д в у м я д о ч е р ь м и .

2. взаимоотношение с; w i t h each other (one another) друг

с другом; to talk w i t h sb разговаривать с к е м - л . ; to make
friends w i t h sb п о д р у ж и т ь с я с к е м - л .

3. пребывание в доме у кого-л. у; to stay w i t h one's parents ж и т ь

у родителей

4. оставление кого-л. на чъе-л. попечение у; Leave the child

w i t h me. Оставьте р е б е н к а у м е н я .

5. смешивание, сочетание, добавление (вместе) с; M i x i t w i t h

water. С м е ш а й э т о с водой.

6. орудие, инструмент или способ совершения действия; пере¬

дается твор. падежом; The bread was cut w i t h a sharp knife.
Хлеб б ы л н а р е з а н о с т р ы м н о ж о м .

7. наличие чего-л. у кого-чего-л.; обладание чем-л. с; a child

w i t h a dirty face р е б е н о к с г р я з н ы м л и ц о м ; a book w i t h
pictures к н и г а с к а р т и н к а м и ; I have no money w i t h me. У
м е н я нет с с о б о й денег.

8. характерную особенность действия с; вместе с сущест¬

вительным передается тж. наречием или деепричастием;
w i t h a smile с у л ы б к о й , улыбаясь; w i t h pleasure [joy] с удо¬
вольствием [с р а д о с т ь ю ] ; They fought w i t h courage. О н и
х р а б р о / м у ж е с т в е н н о сражались.

without [wi'5aut] указывает на

1. отсутствие кого-л., чего-л. без; They left without him. О н и

уехали без него. Н е cannot walk without a stick. О н н е мо¬
ж е т ходить без п а л к и .

2. несовершение действия н е ; She sat without moving. О н а си¬

дела н е ш е в е л я с ь .
79
 Practice

1. Insert suitable prepositions in the following s e n t e n c e s .

1. They showed us photographs ... their baby. 2. Buying presents

... children is sometimes very difficult. ... the end I bought a kite
... Tom and a torch ... A n n . 3.1 can't drink tea ... sugar. 4. D i d you
speak ... the teacher ... the homework? 5. He stayed ... his grand­
mother ... Christmas. 6. She's a woman ... 38. 7. They paid me ...
the books. 8. He conducted the orchestra ... spirit and enthusi¬
asm. 9. Everything was wonderful ... the food. 10. It's a film ... the
Crimean War, but particularly ... Florence Nightingale. 11. He's
got ... ten thousand stamps i n his collection. 12. The Ecology Par­
ty got ... a thousand votes i n my area. 13. There is something queer
... her. 14. He's getting fifty pounds ... five hours' work. 15. The
new shopping centre was built ... a private company. 16. W h y are
you ... everything our society believes in? 17. Well, I ' m ... turning
back. It's too dangerous to go climbing i n this weather. 18. The
man shot his wife ... a revolver. 19. The carnival lasts ... eight days.
20. Houses are usually made ... brick. 21. The cocktail is made
... gin, lemon and soda. 22. These chocolates are made ... fresh
cream. 23. These machines are used ... making electronic compo¬
nents. 24. Read this article ... the Antarctic. 25. Who is invited ...
us? 26. Our dog was hit ... a bus. 27. Can you help me ... my home­
work? ... course I can. 28. Charles Dickens often wrote ... poor
people. 29. Would you like to go out ... a meal tonight? 30. The
houses ... Southern Spain are usually whitewashed. 31. She stayed
i n Paris ... a month. 32. The buns are left to cool and then filled
... cream and covered ... hot chocolate sauce. 33. Have you read
the new book ... Anthony Burgess? 34. He likes playing tennis ...
his sons ... weekends. 35. The Labour Party is ... Britain remaining
i n the EEC. 36. He was killed ... a terrorist bullet. 37. Enter the
room ... making a noise. 38. Prince Charles has written books ...
children. 39. I like to sleep ... the window open. 40. I've got three
other dogs, ... the dachshund [такса (порода собак)]. 41. This is

80
extremely urgent. We must leave ... London ... delay. 42. Who's the
woman ... the green umbrella? 43. Who's the woman ... the green
blouse? 44. This picture was painted ... Picasso; and there's an¬
other Picasso ... the opposite wall. 45. He makes a living ... teach-
ing. 46. You can eat anything ... fish. 47. It's a very good plan. I ' m
... you all the way. 48. Something should be done ... unemploy-
ment. 49. The weight is ... a ton. 50. I did i t all ... myself. 51. The
town is ... ten miles from here. 52. I f you are going to the post
office, could you buy me a book ... stamps? 53. He delivered a lec¬
ture ... modern English literature. 54. Last night the temperature
fell to three degrees ... zero. 55. They had lost all they had ... them.
56. He stood ... his hands i n his pockets. 57. Rooms cost £ 50 ...
person, ... night.

2. Complete the s e n t e n c e s using like (to compare things) or

as (for a p e r s o n ' s job or role).

A. 1. I joined the company ... a secretary. 2. Their house is i n a

terrible mess. I t looks ... a jungle. 3. Stop behaving ... a fool.
4. She works ... a reporter. 5. She ran ... the wind. 6. He
joined the team ... an extra player. 7. Sarah looks a lot ... her
brother.

B. Things that people said at the disco.

Use as or like.

1. Tina: 'Goodness! You look... Charlie Chaplin.

A n d you dance ... h i m too!'

2. Ted: ' I went to the United States ... a student.

I managed to look ... an American, but of
course I didn't sound ... one.'

3. Sue: ' I can't dance all night ... you! I ' m not here
... a tourist, you know! I ' m working. Anyway,
I ' l l sleep ... a baby tonight!'

81
 4. Paul: 'Ted's w i t h us ... our photographer. I ' d like to
take photos ... his! His camera's ... a computer!'

Ways of travelling: by, on, in

In general When talking about

particular vehicles

by bike/motorbike/ on his/that, etc. bike/

саг/van/lorry/train/ motorbike
plane/air/bus/tram/ in my/this, etc. car/van/lorry
1
ship/Underground/ on the train/plane/bus/tram/
Tube/Metro ship/Underground

boat on the boat (if a large boat)

in the boat (if a small boat)

on foot

Examples

I like travelling by bike.

I travelled around Italy on my cousin's bike

Note
1
I t is possible, but less usual, to say in the train, etc.

3. Complete the s e n t e n c e s using by, on or in.

1. Annie usually goes to school ... her bicycle, but sometimes she
goes ... bus. 2. The journey takes 10 minutes ... bus and about
25 minutes ... foot. 3. Robert didn't come to work ... his car yes-

82
terday morning. His car had broken down and he had to come ...
taxi. 4. D i d you travel right across London... the Underground?
5. We've decided to travel to New York ... sea rather than go ...
air. 6.1 always travel ... Underground. 7. They went for a ride ...
a motorbike. 8. D i d you go to London ... the train?

4. Ted is talking about a holiday w h i c h he had o n c e in the Unit­

ed States.
Write prepositions from the table a b o v e in t h e s e blanks
adding other w o r d s if n e c e s s a r y (e.g. the, a).

I n New York I went around ... foot mainly. You can visit the Statue
of Liberty ... boat, and ... boat I met another Englishman. We de­
cided to go together to San Francisco ... bus, because it's cheap­
er than going ... train or ... plane. Altogether we spent four days
and nights ... bus. We wanted to go round San Francisco ... car; a
cousin of mine lent me his car, but after we'd been ... car for only
a few hours, it broke down. By this time it was midnight, and we
started to go back to my cousin's house ... foot, but a lorry-driver
stopped and took us back ... lorry. I came back to London ... air,
and I can tell you I was too tired to talk to anyone ... plane! I think
it would be great to do the trip from New York to San Francisco
... motorbike. There's a book about a man who took his small son
right across the States ... old motorbike.

5. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. Ч т о в ы знаете о н е м ? 2. Температура была в ы ш е / н и ж е

нуля. 3. Его сбил автобус. 4. Н и к т о н е опоздал, за и с к л ю ­
ч е н и е м м е н я . 5. Этот я щ и к д л я старых бумаг. 6. Э т о стоит
более 50 долларов. 7. Ему м е н ь ш е / б о л ь ш е сорока. 8. Я буду
ж и т ь у друга. 9. Я п р и д у без моего брата. 10. Ч т о м ы к у п и м
Н и н е н а д е н ь р о ж д е н и я ? 11. М ы б ы л и п р о т и в этого пред¬
л о ж е н и я . 12. Т а м было о к о л о п я т и с о т человек. 13. Я п р о ч е л
н е с к о л ь к о статей п о этому вопросу, к р о м е (сверх) к н и г , к о ­
т о р ы е в ы м н е дали. 14. О н у л у ч ш и л свое п р о и з н о ш е н и е , ч и ­
т а я вслух. 15. Я к у п и л эту к н и г у за п я т ь долларов. 16. Л е к т о р

83
г о в о р и л о м е ж д у н а р о д н о й ситуации. 17. О н слушал м е н я с
и н т е р е с о м . 18. У м е н я нет с с о б о й д о к у м е н т о в . 19. М н о г и е
и з н а с поедут н а ю г летом. 20. Оставьте свою собаку у м е н я .
21. П о ш л и т е э т о а в и а п о ч т о й . 22. Э т о ф и л ь м С т и в е н а Спил¬
берга. 23. Ч а с ы сделаны и з золота. 24. Есть нечто забавное
в э т о й ситуации. 25. Ч т о т ы х о ч е ш ь к у п и т ь н а э т и деньги?
26. В поезде я встретил своего п р и я т е л я . 27. Н е с к о л ь к о лет
назад я работал водителем автобуса. 28. З д а н и е б о л ь ш е по¬
хоже н а ц е р к о в ь , ч е м н а банк. 29. О н ездит в ш к о л у н а авто¬
бусе. 30. С к о л ь к о за пару?

• Составные предлоги

according to в соответствии с, согласно, п о ; Everything went

according to the plan.

across from н а п р о т и в ; There's a library across from the bank.

ahead of впереди; р а н ь ш е ; Three boys were ahead o f us. We

arrived i n France ahead o f schedule.

apart from п о м и м о , к р о м е , н е считая; I've finished apart from

the last question. Apart from their house i n London, they also
have a villa i n Spain.

as to/as for ч т о касаетея; As to the journey, we shall speak about

it later. As for me, I have a different opinion.

as far as д о ; I w i l l go w i t h you as far as the corner.

because of и з - з а ; We didn't go for a walk because of the rain.

by means of п о с р е д с т в о м , п р и п о м о щ и ; I usually prepare reports

by means of computer programmes.

close to р я д о м с; He liked to sit close to the fire.

due to/ owing to благодаря, из-за; He achieved these results due

to hard work. I missed the flight owing to a traffic jam.

84
except for за и с к л ю ч е н и е м , если н е считать, если б ы н е ; Your
essay is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

in addition to в д о п о л н е н и е к; I n addition to a full meal, we

ordered a big pizza.

in case of в случае; I n case o f fire ring up 101.

in favour of за, в пользу кого-л.; He was i n favour of modernising

the plant.

in spite of н е с м о т р я на; I n spite of heavy traffic, we got to the

theatre on time.

instead of вместо; I try to drink tea instead o f coffee.

on behalf of от и м е н и ; He signed the contract on behalf o f the

manager.

thanks to благодаря; Thanks to your father's map, we found our

way to the house.

up to указывает на

1) временной предел (вплоть) д о ; up to now д о сих п о р ; up to

then д о тех ^ p ; up to January д о я н в а р я
2) пространственный предел д о ; up to here д о сих п о р ; up to
pagе fifteen д о п я т н а д ц а т о й с т р а н и ц ы
3) количественный предел д о ; He has learnt to count up to a
hundred. I can take up to seven pupils.

1. Complete the s e n t e n c e s with the correct prepositions.

1. Our family celebration was very amusing ... my brother's jokes.

2. ... his help we finished our work i n time. 3. I like all competi¬
tive sports ... rugby. 4. The football match continued ... the awful
weather. 5. A n d ... your strange ideas, I don't want to hear any
more. 6. She was ... her knees i n mud. 7. We stayed at home ...
the rain. 8. ... fire, ring the alarm bell. 9. They stayed i n Moscow
... the end o f the war. 10. Run on ... me and ask the bus driver to
85
wait. 11. ... the fog the train arrived late. 12. Each man w i l l be paid
... his ability. 13. He is speaking ... the whole team. 14. We rode ...
the next village. 15. She has given up the inheritance ... her sister.
16. Give me the red pencil ... the green one. 17. We sat ... to the
fire. 18. I n big ports ships are unloaded ... cranes. 19. T h ^ live
just ... us. 20. They all wore black hats, ... me. 21. ... you — you
must stay here. 22. They stole two valuable paintings ... the money.
23. ... your support we have won this game!

2. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. М ы с л и в ы р а ж а ю т с я п о с р е д с т в о м слов. 2. С о г л а с н о рас¬
п и с а н и ю поезд д о л ж е н п р и б ы т ь в 13.20. 3. О н н а п р я ж е н н о
работает, н е с м о т р я н а плохое здоровье. 4. Я пойду вмес¬
то тебя. 5. И з - з а п л о х о й п о г о д ы н а ш полет б ы л п е р е н е с е н .
6. Я з а в е р ш и л работу к д а н н о м у м о м е н т у благодаря т в о е й
п о м о щ и . 7. И д и в п е р е д и н а с . 8. М ы в ы п о л н и л и работу до¬
с р о ч н о . 9. Все, к р о м е него, п р и ш л и вовремя. 10. Ч т о касает¬
ся м о е й зарплаты, т о о н а н е в ы с о к а я . 11. И з - з а тебя я опоз¬
дал н а з а н я т и я . 12. Д о к а к о г о возраста в ы ж и л и в деревне?
13. З а и с к л ю ч е н и е м н е с к о л ь к и х м е с т н ы х ж и т е л е й , н и к т о н е
знал этот путь. 14. Н а п р о т и в н а ш е й ш к о л ы н а х о д и т с я парк.
15. Его д о м н а х о д и т с я р я д о м с м о и м . 16. О н умер от пневмо¬
н и и . 17. Я г о в о р и л от и м е н и своих коллег. 18. Вот о т к р ы т к а
в д о п о л н е н и е к подарку. 19. О н п р о в о д и л м е н я д о автобус¬
н о й о с т а н о в к и . 20. В ы за этот п л а н ? 21. Я пробуду здесь д о
июля.

Adjective + preposition

After many adjectives we use particular prepositions. For

example, we say afraid of, interested in and bored with. Here
are some common examples of these adjective + preposition
combinations:
86
angry about annoyed about furious about excited about
nervous about worried about upset about sorry about
sure about anxious about happy about pleased about
good about kind about right about wrong about

I ' m excited about having my birthday party tomorrow.

Are you worried about your exam?
I ' m angry about all the mess you've made.
I ' m sorry about the noise last night. We were having a
party.

good at bad at clever at hopeless at excellent at

brilliant at quick at slow at efficient at lucky at

She's good at arithmetic but slow at algebra.

You're not bad at chess.
He was quick at translating the text.

surprised at/by shocked at/by amazed at/by

astonished at/by

We were surprised at/by the size of the house.

Everybody was shocked at/by the news.

famous for well known for responsible for early for

late for ready for sorry for (someone) grateful for

Brazil is famous for its coffee.

Who was responsible for all that noise last night?
I feel (am) sorry for George. He has no friends and no
money.

different from/to safe from absent from

He's very different from/to his sister.

He is safe from danger.
87
 interested in experienced in qualified in

He is interested in computers and qualified in

mathematics.
He is experienced i n teaching.

afraid of frightened of proud of full of ashamed of

capable of fond of tired of sure of short of
independent of

Are you afraid o f dogs?

I ' m very proud of you.
M y homework was full o f mistakes.
We're a bit short of milk. Can you buy some more?
Come on, let's go! I ' m tired of waiting.

nice /kind/good/friendly /polite /rude /stupid of someone

It was very nice o f Simon to lend you the money.

keen on

She's not very keen on tennis.

engaged to married to similar to

Marianne is engaged to Alan.

Linda is married to an American.
Your camera is similar to mine.

nice/kind/good/friendly/polite/rude/cruel to someone

A shop assistant should be polite to customers.

pleased with happy with patient (impatient) with

satisfied with disappointed with impressed by/with
bored/fed up with crowded with popular with
careless with busy with

88
 You look very pleased with yourself.
You get bored/fed up with doing the same thing every day.
Were you disappointed with your examination results?
She is very patient with her children.
I wasn't very impressed by/with the film.

angry/annoyed furious with someone for (doing) something

Are you angry with me for being late?

Compare: I won a match today. I ' m pleased about that.

M y son has won the game. I ' m pleased with
him.

You are pleased (angry, annoyed, furious) about an event or

situation.
You are pleased (angry, annoyed, furious) with people or
things.

Note: After some o f the above adjectives other prepo-

sitions are possible eg frightened by, annoyed at, disap-
pointed in. For more information, see a good dictionary.

• Practice

1. Complete t h e s e s e n t e n c e s with the correct prepositions.

1. They're very proud ... their children. 2. M y sister has just got
engaged ... her boyfriend. 3. Are you worried ... your driving test?
4. You're very good ... explaining things. 5. Sydney i n Australia is
famous ... its Opera House. 6. She's quite capable ... doing the job.
7. We're getting really excited ... our holiday. 8. Are you interested
... playing tennis tomorrow? 9. He's not very keen ... football. 10. I t

89
was very kind ... them to give us a lift to the station. 11. We were
very disappointed ... the film. 12. Are you afraid ... flying? 13. I was
shocked ... the news of the accident. 14. The garden is full ... roses.
15. We're a bit short... petrol. We'd better stop at the next petrol
station. 16. I ' m not very good ... drawing. 17. M y grandparents are
very fond ... their old cat. 18. Cricket is quite different ... baseball.
19. Your hairstyle is quite similar ... mine. 20. She was very angry
... me for losing her key. 21. It's very nice ... you to let me use your
car. Thank you very much. 22. Why are you always rude ... your
parents? Can't you be nice ... them? 23. Why do you always get
so annoyed ... little things? 24. The people next door are annoyed
... us for making so much noise last night. 25. I was surprised ...
the way he behaved. 26. She doesn't often go out. She's afraid ...
the dark. 27. I've been trying to learn Spanish, but I ' m not very
satisfied ... my progress. 28. I can't understand people who are
cruel ... animals. 29. I had never seen so many people before.
I was astonished ... the crowds. 30. B i l l has been doing the same
job for too long. He's bored ... it. 31. Are you still upset ... what
I said to you yesterday? 32. She's quite nice but I wouldn't like to
be married ... her. 33. I ' m hopeless ... repairing things. 34. Jane is
brilliant ... languages. 35. What are you so angry ... ? 36. I don't
feel sorry ... George. A l l his problems are entirely his own fault.
37. I wasn't very impressed ... the opera. 38. I ' m sorry ... the smell
i n this room. It's just been painted. 39. This part of town is always
very lively at night. It's usually crowded ... people. 40. Travelling is
great at first but you get tired ... i t after a while. 41. Who is respon-
sible ... that? 42. I ' m not ashamed ... what I did. I n fact I ' m quite
proud ... it. 43. Are you sure ... her name? 44. Jeff should look after
his disks. He's very careless ... them. 45. I ' m often lucky ... games.
46. Tom was very busy ... his work. 47. They were grateful ... our
help. 48. Vicky is anxious ... her exam. 49. I am fed up ... waiting.

2. A T V commercial. A cowgirl is s p e a k i n g to a cowboy. Write

to, about or of in e a c h blank.

'Ed, darling, what's happened ... you? You used to be rude ... my
parents, but now you're so polite ... them. You used to be nasty ...
90
my cooking, but now you're nice ... it. You used to be unkind ...
my brother, but now you're very kind ... h i m . You were very kind
... your hat; it really was nice ... you to keep calm ... that! You used
to be mean ... the farm workers, but now you're generous ... them.
I n fact, you used to be unpleasant . everybody and . everything,
but now you're pleasant ... everybody and ... everything. Tell me,
Ed, what's happened?' 'What's happened, honey? I've discovered
Shavex Shaving Cream! I t sure was good ... you to give me that
superb cream for my birthday.'

3. Paul a n d Tina are at a tennis s c h o o l in Yorkshire. Paul

is writing to h i s c o u s i n . Fill e a c h blank with the correct
preposition.

1. M y tennis racquet's really good. I ' m very pleased ... it.

2. But I've lost three tennis balls. I ' m rather angry ... that.
3. N o w I've only got three. I ' l l be careful ... them.
4. Our first coach used to shout at us. He was very impatient ...
us.
5. Then he left. We weren't sorry ... that.
6. The new coach is excellent. He's very patient ... us.
7. A t first I thought he was no good, but I was wrong ... that.
8. I won a match today. I ' m rather pleased ... that.
9. M y big match is tomorrow. I ' m not worried ... it.
10. You said Yorkshire was nice. You were right ... that.

4. T i n a ' s letter from Yorkshire. Write at, of, in or on.

Dear Lucy,

Paul and I can canoe now! A t last! So we're very proud

... ourselves. Canoeing is a great sport, especially i n a river
full ... rocks! O f course, we're not very good ... it yet, and
at first we were really bad . it. We fell into the river at least

91
 ten times, I ' m sure ... that. I ' m not afraid ... the river, but
I ' m not keen ... very cold water! Getting into the canoe was
rather difficult too, but we're quick . that now. So we're
enjoying ourselves, but we're rather tired . the rain here.
It's been raining for three days.
Please write. I ' l l be interested ... your news.

A l l the best,
Tina

5. Find the right ending for e a c h s e n t e n c e .

A. Children are usually fond 1. for its beautiful buildings.

B. Rome is famous
C. Children usually get bored
D . They also usually get tired
E. Too much coffee is bad
F. We feel sorry
G . English people are proud
2. of adults' conversations.
3. for the nerves.
4. of their literature.
5. for sad people.
6. with reading long books.
7. of eating sweets.

6. Here are s o m e facts about Phil Billy, a singer. Write about,

as, for, with, at or to.

1. He's very good ... singing.

2. But he's also good ... an actor.
3. He's always good ... any problems during recording.
4. He's just rather bad ... arriving on time.
5. He's very good ... his family.
6. He's patient ... his children.
7. He says coffee is bad ... his voice.

92
7. Here are two letters. Fill in the blanks with the correct
prepositions.

Flat 4
185 Kings Road
Chelsea
L o n d o n S.W.3
5th M a y 1979

Dear Daddy.

Thank you very m u c h for the birthday present.

I was very pleased ... the Ferrari, but I d i d n ' t like the
colour, so I ' m going to change i t .

I saw T o m again yesterday. You're worried ... h i m ,

aren't you? Well, don't worry ... h i m . He's all right.
He's very good ... his j o b , he's a drummer i n a
pop group. I ' m going to bring h i m for dinner next
weekend, so y o u can meet h i m .

Love,
Samantha

P.S. We love each other very m u c h . H e isn't

interested . your money.

93
 Worth House,

Mansford, Hampshire.
1 г-th . , -r.
n

15 M a y 1979
Dear Samantha,

I ' m sorry ... last weekend. I was very angry ... Tom,
but he was very rude ... me. I ' m not a stupid old fool.
I ' m tired ... long-haired young men! H e d i d n ' t even
dress for dinner! Y o u love h i m , I know.

I just feel sorry ... you, and I ' m worried ... your
future. T o m likes pop music. H e isn't interested
... anything else. H e isn't interested ... y o u at all.
You're making a terrible mistake. A n d I ' m glad he
isn't interested ... m y money, because he isn't going
to get any.

Love,
Daddy

94
8. A hotel receptionist is talking about her work.
In the blanks, u s e adjectives from the list on the right.

You have to be quite ... at speaking English, bored

French, Spanish and German. You are ... for capable
the keys to the rooms, and you have to be ... careful
about writing down telephone messages ex¬ efficient
actly. Also, you must be really ... at keeping good
the list o f guests up to date. Some guests are interested
not very easy or pleasant, but you have to be ... patient
w i t h the difficult ones, you must at least seem polite
to be ... i n their problems, and o f course you responsible
must be ... to all of them! Naturally, there are tired
times when I get ... of answering all their ques¬
tions, and at the end of a difficult day I some¬
times feel quite ... of screaming, but I never
really get ... w i t h the work.

9. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. Все б ы л и ш о к и р о в а н ы с т р а н н ы м в н е ш н и м в и д о м С ю з а н ­
н ы . 2. Роберт ж е н а т н а Д е б о р е б о л ь ш е года. 3. Гарри боится
змей. 4. П и т х о р о ш о рисует. 5. Д ж и м часто о п а з д ы в а л н а р а ­
боту, и в результате ее л и ш и л с я . 6. Т ы х о р о ш о поработал! Я
о ч е н ь д о в о л е н т о б о й . 7. Н а м о ч е н ь ж а л ь его. 8. Я н е п о ш л а
н а вечер и о ч е н ь сожалею об э т о м . 9. Я н е о ж и д а л от тебя
такого п о в е д е н и я . Т ы м е н я удивил. 10. Б о л ь ш о е вам с п а с и ­
бо. Б ы л о л ю б е з н о с в а ш е й с т о р о н ы п о м о ч ь м н е . 11. Г а р р и
о ч е н ь в з в о л н о в а н т е м , что о н поедет н а работу в Г е р м а н и ю .
12. Я сержусь н а вас. 13. О н а плохо играет в т е н н и с . 14. О н
б ы л р а з о ч а р о в а н в своей н о в о й работе. 15. О н р а з о ч а р о в а л с я
в друге. 16. Я был под с и л ь н ы м в п е ч а т л е н и е м от результа¬
тов ее р а б о т ы . 17. М н о г и е л ю д и и н т е р е с о в а л и с ь э т о й р а б о ­
той. 18. К о м н а т а была п о л н а л ю д е й . 19. О н а очень гордится
с в о и м с ы н о м . 20. Я стыжусь того, что я сделал. 21. О н очень

95
л ю б и т свою мать. 22. К т о я в л я е т с я о т в е т с т в е н н ы м за это?
23. О н п о п у л я р е н среди своих у ч е н и к о в . 24. О н удовлетво¬
р е н ее работой. 25. Я б ы л уверен в его честности. 26. Ф и л ь м
н е оправдал м о и о ж и д а н и я . 27. О н б ы л очень груб п о отно¬
ш е н и ю к своей сестре. 28. О н а теперь совсем н е зависит от
своих родителей. 29. О н и и с п ы т ы в а л и н е д о с т а т о к в п и щ е .
30. О н а р а с с т р о е н а и з - з а б о л е з н и брата. 31. О н а н е р в н и ч а ­
ет и з - з а э к з а м е н о в . 32. Этот город славится с в о и м и памят¬
н и к а м и . 33. О н б ы л н е д о в о л е н м н о й . 34. Б ы л о глупо с м о е й
с т о р о н ы одолжить ему деньги. 35. Статья готова к печати.
36. О н а очень о п ы т н ы й преподаватель. 37. О н а очень тер¬
п е л и в а со с в о и м и детьми. 38. Я бездарен к игре н а п и а н и н о .
39. О н б л е с т я щ е успевает п о литературе.

• Noun + preposition

After many nouns we use particular prepositions. For

example, we say (a) reason for, (an) example of, (an)
increase in. Here are some common examples o f these
noun + preposition combinations:

difference between

There are a lot of differences between living i n the country

and living i n a city.

reason for demand for need for respect for

What was the reason for the accident?

There is a need for more houses i n this area.
The firm closed down because there wasn't enough
demand for its product.

increase/decrease in rise/fall in

There has been an increase i n the price of petrol.

96
difficulty in doing something
Does he have much difficulty i n doing his schoolwork?

But note: difficulty with something

Does he have much difficulty with his schoolwork?

ban on comment on influence on tax on

The teacher made some comments on the text.
She has a good influence on her husband.

example of cause of picture/photograph of

result of cost/price of way of
This building is an example of good modern architecture.
What was the cause of the accident?
Have you got a photograph of your family?
His success was the result o f hard work/of working hard.
This is my way o f frying eggs.

answer to solution to reply to invitation to reaction to

Have you had an answer to your letter?
I got an invitation to dinner yesterday.
I was surprised at his reaction to what I said.
D o you think we'll find a solution to this problem?

attitude to/towards
What's your attitude to/towards this idea?

relationship with
Our company has a very good relationship with the bank.

But note: relationship between

The relationship between our company and the bank is
very good.

97
• Practice

1. Complete the s e n t e n c e s with the correct prepositions.

1. I have a good relationship ... my boss. 2. He refused to give an

answer ... my question. 3. What are the main differences ... the
two countries? 4. We need a solution ... the world's population
problem. 5. Smoking is one o f the causes ... heart disease. 6. Has
there been an increase ... unemployment recently? 7. The gov¬
ernment want to improve the relationship ... the police and the
general public. 8. He is very shy and has great difficulty ... mak-
ing friends. 9. I thought her attitude ... you was rather unpleasant.
10. There is no need ... you to shout. I can hear you. 11. Nobody
knows the reason ... his decision. 12. The artist drew a picture ...
my mother. 13. The speaker made some comments ... the taxes
i n this country. 14. I wrote to Jim last week, but I still haven't re-
ceived a reply ... my letter. 15. There has been a rise ... the number
of violent crimes.

2. S o m e time ago, T e d received this letter from a c o a c h

company. Fill in the blanks.

Dear Sir,
This letter is i n reply ... your letter of15 August. The reason
... the rise ... the cost ... hiring a coach is the recent increase
... the price ... petrol. This increase, as you know, has been
the result ... problems i n the oil industry.
We do understand the need ... inexpensive transport for your
society, and we feel sure that you w i l l not find a cheaper
way ... taking your members to Cambridge. O f course, i f
there is a fall ... the price of petrol, there w i l l be a decrease
... our charge to you.
Yours faithfully,
Da Cotten
Comfort Coaches L t d .

98
3. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. Н а этот товар и м е е т с я б о л ь ш о й спрос. 2. Все о т н о с и л и с ь к

н е м у с б о л ь ш и м у в а ж е н и е м . 3. У м е н я х о р о ш и е о т н о ш е н и я
с с о с е д я м и . 4. Я з н а ю п р и ч и н у его отсутствия. 5. У м е н я есть
ф о т о г р а ф и я ее сына. 6. Я б ы л д о в о л е н его д р у ж е с к и м о т н о ­
ш е н и е м к о м н е . 7. Вчера я получил ответ н а свое п и с ь м о .
8. Я забыл послать ей п р и г л а ш е н и е н а обед. 9. Я н е вижу р а з ­
н и ц ы между б л и з н е ц а м и . 10. М е н я удивила его р е а к ц и я н а
м о й в о п р о с . 11. В последнее в р е м я в н а ш е й стране наблюда¬
ется рост ( у м е н ь ш е н и е ) ч и с л е н н о с т и н а с е л е н и я . 12. Я с тру¬
д о м п о н и м а л его. 13. У м е н я н е б ы л о трудностей с домаш¬
н и м заданием. 14. Ч т о б ы л о п р и ч и н о й его смерти? 15. Есть
л и с м ы с л с п е ш и т ь ? 16. В последнее в р е м я н а б л ю д а е т с я рост
(падение) ц е н . 17. П р е п о д а в а т е л ь сделал к о м м е н т а р и й к тек¬
сту. 18. Я н е и м е ю н а него н и к а к о г о в л и я н и я .

• Verb + preposition

After many verbs we use particular prepositions. For example,

we say believe in and concentrate on. Here are some common
examples of these verb + preposition combinations:

agree with someone about/on something (=have the same

opinion as someone)

I agree w i t h D r Watson that you're not the right person.

I agree w i t h her analysis of the situation.
He agreed w i t h them about the need for change.
We couldn't agree on the meaning of that word.

agree to something (=say 'yes')

D o you think he'll agree to their proposal?

Father has agreed to her marrying John.

99
 agree on/about something ( = decide with someone else to
do something or to have something)
Have you agreed on/about the price yet?

apologize (-ise) to someone for (doing) something

I apologized to her for being late.

apply for
Are you going to apply for the job?

approve of
D o you approve of my idea?

believe in
D o you believe i n life after death?

belong to
Does this book belong to you?

care about ( = think someone/something is important)

I don't care about money. Money can't buy happiness.

care for someone/something:

i) = like something (usually i n questions and negative

sentences):
Would you care for a cup of coffee? ( = Would you like...?)
I don't care for hot weather. ( = I don't like ... )

ii) = (look after; nurse)

She's very good at caring for sick animals.

take care of ( = look after)

Could you take care of the baby while I go out shopping?

100
complain to (someone) about/of (something)
The workers complained to the manager about the
working conditions.

concentrate on comment on
Concentrate on the road when you're driving.
He didn't comment on this event.

consist of
We had a big meal. I t consisted of seven courses.

crash into run into drive into bump into

When I was driving home, I almost crashed into a bus.

depend on
'Are you going to the beach tomorrow?' ' I t depends on
the weather.'

die of
A lot of people are dying of A I D S .

dream about (while asleep)

I was dreaming about Sue when I suddenly woke up.

But: dream of ( = imagine)

When I was younger, I dreamt o f being a famous pop-
singer.

Also: dream of ( = consider)

I wouldn't dream o f changing my job.

happen to someone/something
A strange thing happened to me the other day.
What happened to that gold watch you used to have?

101
 hear about ( = be told about)
Have you heard about Jimmy? He broke his leg i n a skiing
accident.

But: hear from ( = receive news from)

We haven't heard from Mike since he wrote to us last
May.

Also: hear of ( = know that someone/something exists)

Have you heard of a disco called The Dance Factory?

insist on
He insisted on buying me a drink.

knock at/on
He knocked at (on) the door.

laugh at smile at
Who's that girl smiling at you?

listen to
Would you like to listen to some music?

live on money/food
George's salary is very low. I t isn't enough to live on.

look at ( = use the eyes)

Look at this photograph.

But: look for ( = try to find)

Can you help me, please? I ' m looking for West Street.

Also: look after ( = take care of)

Could you look after the baby while I go out shopping?

102
object to

I don't object to a cup o f coffee.

recover from

He is still recovering from his operation.

refer to

You may refer to your notes i f you want.

rely on

You can't rely on the post. It's always late.

search for

I've been searching for my keys.

shout at (eg when you are angry)

D o n ' t shout at me!

But: shout to someone (so that they can hear you)

He shouted to me from the other side of the street.

smell of

His breath smelt of garlic.

speak to talk to

I spoke to Sue this morning.

succeed in

Has Tom succeeded i n finding a job yet?

suffer from

He suffers from asthma.

103
 taste of

The ice tasted o f mint.

think about ( = use the mind)

You look sad. What are you thinking about?

But: think of/about ( = consider)

I ' m thinking of/about changing my job.

Also: think of ( = have as an opinion about)

'What do you think o f Sue?' 'She's very nice.'

Also: think of ( = bring to the mind)

I can't think of any reason why the accident happened.

wait for
H o w long have you been waiting for the bus?

work at/on
He is working at/on a new invention.

write to
I ' l l write to you soon.

• Practice

1. C h o o s e the correct word.

1. D o you believe in /for/ about God? 2. Lydia asked about/for /

to our holiday. 3. You need to ask someone who knows of / about/
with computers. 4. What I do next year depends on / of / to my

104
marks. 5. I can't stop thinking on / about / of the film. I t was very
disturbing. 6. She belongs to/ with/ in a sports club and goes
there twice a week. 7. Dave was upset because everyone laughed
at/ about/for his new haircut . 8. We're learning of/to/ about
the Hundred Years War at school this week. 9. D o n ' t argue
at/ with / about the teacher or you'll get into trouble. 10. Look at
my new shirt. What do you think about/ of / on it?

2. Complete the s e n t e n c e with about, on, to, for or at.

1. D o n ' t worry ... the washing up. We'll do i t later. 2. You can't
rely ... Rachel — she never arrives on time. 3. Listen ... me or you
won't know what to do. 4. M y m u m has worked ... the same com-
pany all her life. 5. I n your answer you should refer ... three differ-
ent examples. 6. I waited ... the bus but it didn't come. 7. I don't
care ... the result of the match because I don't like football. 8. Jane
was upset because Joe forgot ... her birthday. 9. Everything w i l l be
okay i f you apologize . the mistake. 10. James always complains
. the food i n the school canteen. 11. Jim paid . his holiday with
the money he earned last summer. 12. Please look ... me when I ' m
talking . you.

3. First match the w o r d s from list A to the w o r d s in list B. T h e n

complete the s e n t e n c e s with the pairs of w o r d s .

A: consists looking concentrate recovered agree apply hear

succeeded

B: -of at from about i n for on w i t h

1. A C D ... consists of... plastic and aluminium. 2. D i d you ... the

accident on the radio? 3. That man over there is . me i n a strange
way. 4. Beckham has . his injury very quickly. 5. I ' d like to . a
place at university. 6. It's important to . the road when you're
driving. 7. He . getting a place at art school. 8. John thought the
film was good but Mary didn't ... h i m .

105
4. Complete the s e n t e n c e s with the correct prepositions.

1. When he gets angry, he always starts shouting ... everyone.

2. This car isn't mine. I t belongs ... Mike. 3. Selfish people only
care ... themselves. 4. He complained ... the children ... the mess
they'd made. 5. I won't tell anyone what happened. You can rely
... me. 6. She apologized ... me ... losing her temper. 7. What are
you looking ... ? 8. Mrs Woods suffers ... bronchitis. 9. M y grand¬
father died ... old age. 10. We're thinking ... going to the cinema.
11. Have you ever thought ... moving to another country? 12. I
remember his face, but I can't think ... his name. 13. 'We went to
the concert.' 'What did you think ... it?' 14. ' D o you know a disco
called The Zap Club?' ' N o , I've never heard ... i t . ' 15. Excuse
me. We're looking ... the sports centre. Could you tell us how to
get there? 16. Thank you for looking ... my mother while she was
i l l . 17. I don't believe ... horoscopes. 18. She dreams ... being an
actress one day. 19. I dreamt ... my grandmother last night. 20. She
searched through her bag... a pen. 21. We're depending ... you to
help us. 22. The car went out of control and crashed ... the back
of a bus. 23. I was worried and found it difficult to concentrate ...
my work. 24. A football team consists ... eleven players. 25. D o
you belong ... a political party? 26. Please, let me borrow your
camera. I promise I ' l l take good care ... it. 27. She is very old. She
needs someone to care ... her. 28. W h o m (who) do you want to
speak ... ? 29. What are you laughing ... ? 30. She smiled . h i m
and he smiled back. 31. K e n is still unemployed. He has applied
... several jobs but he hasn't had any luck yet. 32. We spent the
evening listening ... records. 33. I ' m not going out yet. I ' m wait¬
ing ... the rain to stop. 34. Sorry. I haven't wtitten ... you for such
a long time. 35. She is a bit lonely. She needs someone to talk ... .
36. ' I hear that you have bought a new house.' 'Yes, but I am not
living i n it yet. They are still working ... it and the work is taking
longer than I expected.' 37. I haven't seen Harry for ages. I wonder
what's happened ... h i m . 38. 'Have you heard ... A n n recently?'
'Yes, she wrote ... me last week.' 39. I look stupid w i t h this hair-
cut. Everyone w i l l laugh ... me. 40. N o two teachers w i l l agree ...

106
everything. 41. I agree ... everything you've said. 42. Castle agreed
... a picnic. 43. We agreed ... this arrangement towards the end of
1996. 44. Small birds live mainly ... insects. 45. After a long time
we eventually succeeded ... finding a flat. 46. John insisted ... driv-
ing me to the station. 47. He doesn't approve ... my leaving school
this year. 48. They congratulated us ... winning the match. 49. This
bread tastes . fish!

5. T e d i s telling S u e about a terrible restaurant he went to. U s e

a preposition in e a c h blank.

Just listen ... this. To begin with, I had to wait twenty minutes ...
the waitress. When I asked her ... the menu, she had to go and look
... it; there was only one, and something had happened ... it. Then,
when I spoke ... her she didn't listen ... me, so she brought some
cheese which I didn't want. I hadn't asked ... i t , but she wanted
me to pay ... it! The restaurant belongs ... Tamara Lane, the T V
cookery expert. I shall write ... her. The waitresses really should
look ... the customers better.

6. C h a r l e s w o r k s in the personnel department of a large c o m -

pany. How d o e s he s p e n d the d a y ? In e a c h blank, u s e a
preposition if n e c e s s a r y .

For much of the day, Charles listens ... people. They tell ... h i m ...
their problems or their ambitions. He answers ... their questions.
Sometimes they complain ... h i m ... their bosses. That's diffi¬
cult for Charles. He can't reply easily ... a person who asks ...
h i m ... help about a bad boss. Charles says: ' M y work consists ...
listening a lot, saying a little, and smiling ... nearly everyone who
comes in!'

107
7. Find a suitable ending in column 2 for e a c h s e n t e n c e .

Usually:

1. We reply a. from our friends.

2. We look forward b. for being late.
3. We are pleased when we hear c. on old friends and
relatives.
4. We also enjoy telephoning d. to people's letters.
5. We drop i n e. of work, home life, and
leisure.
6. We apologise f. to going on holiday.
7. We apply g. our friends.
8. Our lives consist h. for jobs, or places on
courses, etc.

8. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions.

T i m is seventeen and at the moment he doesn't care very much ...

anything except clothes. He's only interested ... what is i n fashion.
He spends most of his money ... brightly coloured shirts and tight
trousers. He is very proud ... them and most people comment
... them when they see h i m . He has no difficulty ... finding the
clothes he wants because he works i n a boutique. He thinks he has
very good taste ... clothes, but his mother thinks he looks awful.
'It's all a question o f taste,' he says, 'and there's no arguing ...
tastes, is there?'

9. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. He к р и ч и т е н а него. 2. В ы л ю б и т е обедать в рестора­

нах? — И н о г д а . Э т о зависит от ресторана. 3. Я п о л о ж и л руч­
ку н а стол п я т ь м и н у т назад, а сейчас ее т а м нет. Ч т о с н е й
случилось? 4. О н п о т е р я л к л ю ч . О н и щ е т его. 5. Г о с п о д и н
Б р а у н и г о с п о ж а Б р а у н сейчас н а работе. И х п р и я т е л ь н и ­
ц а п р и с м а т р и в а е т за р е б е н к о м . 6. О н н и к о г д а н е думает о

108
других людях. 7. Н е уходи. П о д о ж д и м е н я . 8. Я н и к о г д а н е
получаю п и с е м . Н и к т о м н е н е п и ш е т . 9. О н думает к у п и т ь
н о в ы й автомобиль. 10. О н а смотрит н а часы. 11. В ы г о в о ­
р и л и с д е к а н о м об этом? 12. Я п р о с м о т р е л газету, н о я н е
ч и т а л ее в н и м а т е л ь н о . 13. О н работает н а д трудной пробле¬
м о й . 14. О н а и н е мечтала о т а к о м путешествии. 15. Во с н е
о н а видела своего н о в о г о друга. 16. К о м у п р и н а д л е ж и т этот
к о м п ь ю т е р ? 17. О н а всегда опаздывает, н о о н а н е придает
э т о м у з н а ч е н и я ( о н а н е б е с п о к о и т с я об э т о м ) . 18. Тебе н р а ­
в и т с я этот м у ж ч и н а ? 19. М н е н е н р а в и т с я эта книга. 20. О н
страдал от ж а р ы , когда б ы л в К р ы м у . 21. В ы м о ж е т е поло¬
ж и т ь с я н а э т о . 22. С л у ш а й т е меня! 23. О н а умерла от рака.
24. Н е смейтесь н а д о м н о й ! 25. Н и к т о н е о б р а щ а л в н и м а н и я
н а р е б е н к а . 26. О ч е м т ы мечтаешь? 27. Я н е и м е ю и з в е с т и й
от брата с п р о ш л о г о месяца. 28. О ч е м т ы д у м а е ш ь ? 29. Са¬
молет упал в море. 30. П о дороге д о м о й я случайно встретил
старого друга. 31. С к о л ь к о к о м н а т в в а ш е й квартире? 32. Т ы
с л ы ш а л о д р а к е в клубе в субботу н о ч ь ю ? 33. Н а к о н е ц м ы до¬
г о в о р и л и с ь о дате п р о в е д е н и я э к с к у р с и и . 34. Тебе н у ж е н но¬
в ы й автомобиль. Т ы согласен со м н о й ? 35. Я дал согласие н а
их поездку в К р ы м . 36. М е с я ц о н п и т а л с я т о л ь к о ф р у к т а м и и
я г о д а м и . 37. О н настаивает н а своей н е в и н о в н о с т и . 38. Е м у
н е удалось н а й т и работу в Л о н д о н е . 39. О н н е одобряет м о й
п л а н . 40. Э т о м ы л о имеет запах р о з ы .

Verb + object + preposition

After some verbs we use an object followed by particular

prepositions. For example, we say borrow something from
someone. Here are some common examples of these verb +
object + preposition combinations:

accuse someone of (doing) something

The police accused the man o f murder.

109
 ask (someone) for something

He asked me for a dictionary.

blame someone/something for something

D o n ' t blame me for what happened. I t wasn't my fault.

But: blame something on someone/something

D o n ' t blame what happened on me. I t wasn't my fault.

borrow something from someone

I borrowed some money from my mother.

congratulate/compliment someone on (doing) something

We congratulated them on getting married.

He complimented her on her appearance.

divide/cut something into (two or more parts)

The book is divided into three parts.

Cut the meat into small pieces.

explain something to someone

I explained the problem to the police.

invite someone to something

Mike has invited me to the cinema this evening.

leave (a place) for (another place)

I haven't seen her since she left home for work this
morning.

point/aim something at someone/something

D o n ' t point that knife at me! It's dangerous.

110
prefer someone/something to someone/something

I prefer tea to coffee.

protect someone/something from (or against) someone/

something

He put suntan o i l on his body to protect his skin from

the sun.

provide someone with something

The school provides all its students with books.

remind someone about something ( = tell someone not to

forget)

Simon reminded me about Sarah's birthday, so I bought

a card.

But: remind someone of something/someone ( = cause

someone to remember)

This song reminds me o f the first time we met.

spend (money) on something

H o w much money do you spend on food each week?

Note that me usually say spend (time) doing something.

I spend a lot o f time reading.

suspect someone of something

He is suspected of theft.

throw something at someone/something ( i n order to hit

them)

He threw a stone at the dog.

111
 But: throw something to someone (for someone to catch)

She threw the keys to me from the window.

tell someone about something

D i d they tell you about their holiday?

translate (a book etc) from one language into another

language

George Orwell's books have been translated into many

languages.

warn someone about something/someone

His boss has warned h i m about being late for work.

• Practice

1. Complete the s e n t e n c e s with the correct prepositions.

1. D o n ' t blame other people ... your own mistakes. 2. This town
reminds me ... the place where I was born. 3. W i l l you remind Peter
... the party next Saturday? 4. Congratulations ... getting the new
job. 5. I borrowed the umbrella ... a friend of mine. 6. The woman
accused me ... trying to steal her bag. 7. They've invited us ... their
house for dinner. 8. We've warned h i m ... swimming i n that part
of the river. 9. Can you explain this word ... me? 10. They blamed
the accident ... the driver. 11. You are always asking me ... money.
Why don't you ask someone else for a change? 12. Be careful w i t h
those scissors. D o n ' t point them ... me. 13. It's not very pleasant
when you are accused ... something you didn't do. 14. M r and Mrs
Roberts are on a tour of Europe at the moment. They're i n Rome
now, but tomorrow they leave ... Venice. 15. D o n ' t throw stones
... the birds! It's cruel. 16. I f you don't want to eat that sandwich,

112
throw it ... the birds. They'll eat it. 17. I couldn't understand the
letter because it was i n Spanish. So a friend o f mine translated i t
... English for me. 18. Before you go into the house, I must warn
you ... the dog. He can be very aggressive sometimes. 19. D o you
prefer your present job ... the one you had before? 20. D o you
spend much money ... clothes? 21. They wore warm clothes to
protect themselves ... the cold. 22. When we went on our skiing
holiday last year, the organisers provided us ... all the equipment
we needed. 23. He was suspected ... murder.

2. Tina is writing to her c o u s i n about a l e s s o n in windsurfing.

Write a preposition in e a c h blank.

You certainly can't accuse me being lazy! One of the instruc-

tors here invited me a windsurfing lesson, after a whole day's
tennis, and I said 'Yes!' O f course, at home I would have to spend
a lot of money buying equipment, but I borrowed a wet
suit the Centre. Naturally,
they provide learners the
sailboard. I didn't need a crash
helmet to protect me the
sailboard. Really, the sailboard
needed to be protected me!
The instructor reminded me
the correct position of my feet,
and warned me not letting
go of the boom, but ... ! Anyway,
he didn't blame me falling
i n , and he even congratulated me
not falling through the sail!

3. Complete the text with the correct prepositions.

I remember the day I passed my driving test. M y driving teacher

complimented me ... my driving skills and congratulated me ...

113
passing my test the first time I took it. I t started to rain and he
warned me ... the dangers of driving i n wet conditions. I thanked
h i m ... all his help and drove off. Then I had an accident. A car
pulled out i n front of me and I crashed into it. The driver of the
other car blamed me ... the accident and refused to apologise ...
what happened although i t was completely his fault.

4. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. К н и г а разделена н а десять глав. 2. Я взял у моего брата 1000

рублей. 3. Я п о з д р а в и л его с успехом. 4. Я могу о б ъ я с н и т ь вам
это п р а в и л о е щ е раз. 5. Вас в п о с л е д н е е в р е м я п р и г л а ш а л и в
гости? 6. Я н а п о м н и л ему о его о б е щ а н и и . 7. О н н а п о м и н а е т
м н е моего брата. 8. Я п р е д п о ч и т а ю к о ф е ч а ю . 9. В ч е м о б в и ­
н я л с я этот человек? 10. К а к о й - т о м у ж ч и н а о с т а н о в и л м е н я
и п о п р о с и л денег. 11. О н в э т о м н е виноват. (Его н е л ь з я в и ­
н и т ь за это.) 12. О н а считала его в и н о в н ы м в этом. 13. Н а что
т ы п о т р а т и л деньги? 14. Н а д н я х о н и уехали в Л о н д о н . 15. О н
указал п а л ь ц е м н а а в т о м о б и л ь у дома. 16. О х о т н и к п р и ц е ­
л и л с я в волка. 17. Т ы предупредила х о з я й к у о м о е м приезде?
18. Т е п л ы е п а л а т к и з а щ и т и л и их от мороза. 19. Я обеспечен
в с е м н е о б х о д и м ы м . 20. Т о л п а забросала его к а м н я м и . 21. О н
б р о с и л м н е м я ч . 22. П е р е в е д и т е это н а р у с с к и й я з ы к . 23. В
ч е м его подозревают? 24. М ы п о х в а л и л и его за его речь.

• Mixed practice

1. Complete the s e n t e n c e s with the correct prepositions.

1. We're trying to find a solution ... this problem. 2. I can't think

... an answer ... this question. 3. I ' m hungry. What's ... dinner this
evening? 4. I don't have any comments ... his report. 5. D o you
know any songs ... the Beatles? 6. I ' d rather go to an Indian res­
taurant. I ' m very keen ... Indian food. 7. Stop hitting that little boy
114
— you should be ashamed ... yourself! 8. The editor is impressed ...
what appears i n his newspaper. 9. The front door is locked. Have
you got the key ... the back door? 10. Tom's reaction ... my sugges¬
tion wasn't very enthusiastic. 11. When he left home, his attitude
... his parents seemed to change. 12. He loves complaining. He
complains ... everything. 13. Our neighbours complained ... us ...
the noise we made last night. 14. She hasn't got a job. She depends
... her parents for money. 15. You were very rude ... Tom. D o n ' t
you think you should apologise ... him? 16. D o n ' t listen ... what he
says. He's stupid. 17. What happened ... the picture that used to be
on that wall? 18. You know that you can always rely ... me i f you
need any help. 19. ' D i d you hear ... the accident last night?' 'Yes,
A n n told me.' 20. Jill used to write ... me quite often, but I haven't
heard ... her for a long time now. 21. Who looked ... you while you
were ill? 22. Pat is interested ... sports. 23. 'Why don't you like
him?' 'Because I ' m afraid ... h i m . ' 24. I like her very much. She's
always very kind ... me. 25. This isn't my bicycle. I t belongs ... a
friend of mine. 26. Goodbye! Have a nice vacation and take care
... yourself. 27. We waited ... John until 2 o'clock, but he didn't
come. 28. Bob is looking ... a job. He wants to work i n a hotel.
29. I ' m fed up ... my job. I want to do something different. 30. Life
today is different ... life 50 years ago. 31. I ' m sorry ... your bro¬
ken window. I t was an accident. 32. He's very good ... languages.
He speaks English, Japanese, Russian, and Arabic. 33. We asked
the waiter ... coffee, but he brought us tea. 34. What happened ...
Mary last night? Why didn't she come to the party? 35. She is very
different ... her sister. 36. When I looked ... my watch, I couldn't
believe that it was so late. 37. The police are still looking ... the
seven-year-old boy who disappeared from his home last week.
Nobody knows where the boy is. 38. I ' m afraid I ' m not amused ...
his jokes — I find them i n bad taste. 39. I don't care ... money. It's
not important to me. 40. Britain certainly isn't famous ... its food.
41. A n n is very fond ... her younger brother. 42. I n the cupboard I
found a box full ... old letters. 43. It's very nice ... you to let me use
your car. Thank you very much. 44. George has kept me waiting
for hours. I ' m annoyed ... him. 45. Nobody objects . this plan.
46. 'Are you playing tennis this afternoon?' ' I t depends ... the

115
weather.' 47. Nobody can be sure . such things. 48. Excuse me.
I ' m looking ... H i l l Street. Can you tell me where it is? 49. Jack's
brother is thinking ... going to Hungary next year. 50. We enjoyed
our holiday but we were rather disappointed ... the hotel. 51. Our
house is similar ... theirs - I think ours is a bit larger. 52. They
looked bored. I don't think they were interested ... what I was say-
ing. 53. That man's very honest. He isn't capable ... telling a lie.
54. The man we interviewed for the job was quite intelligent but we
weren't very impressed ... his appearance. 55. Remind me ... the
meeting tomorrow night. I ' m sure to forget otherwise. 56. D o you
see that girl over there? Does she remind you ... anyone you know?
57. I love this music. I t always makes me feel happy. I t reminds me
... a warm spring day. 58. Before he came to Britain, many people
had warned h i m ... the weather. So he was prepared ... plenty ofrain.
59.1 prefer travelling by train ... driving. It's much more pleasant.
60. She got really angry. She even threw a chair ... me! 61. What
do you spend most of your money ... ? 62. I refuse to comment ...
his work. 63. He congratulated me ... my engagement. 64. They
searched the woods ... the little boy. 65. I dreamt ... you last night.
66. You can never rely ... h i m to be punctual. 67. D o you mean to
say you have never heard ... Beethoven? 68. The film was based ...
a novel by Dickens. 69. I can't concentrate ... my work when I ' m
hungry. 70. I don't agree ... you. 71. She preferred to wait ... h i m .
72. I ' m surprised ... you! 73. You must reply ... this letter. 74. I
was shocked ... his behaviour. 75. She was quite unprepared ... the
news. 76. D o n ' t blame me ... the accident! 77. You forgot to thank
A u n t Jane ... her present. 78. I t is rude to stare ... people. 79. I ' m
satisfied ... your work. 80. I knocked ... the window. 81. Who does
this book belong ... ? 82. H o w long have you been working ... this
exercise? 83. He aimed ... the bird, fired, and missed. 84. What is
the reason ... her leaving? 85. I ' m not very fond ... dancing. 86. He
says he's sorry ... what he did, so you need not get angry ... h i m .
87. I've never been good ... arithmetic. 88. I ' m not sure ... the ex-
act date, but I think he arrived here i n 1976. 89. D o you believe ...
all that nonsense? 90. D o n ' t blame h i m ... this; I ' m responsible ...
what has happened. 91. Are you interested ... opera? 92. I wanted
to borrow the typewriter ... her, but I was too shy to ask. 93. ' D o

116
you like this coat?' ' N o , I don't care ... the colour.' 94. Are you
hungry? Would you care ... something to eat? 95. He doesn't care
... the examination. He is not worried whether he passes or fails.
96. He lives ... his parents. 97. Let's agree ... the time of our meeting.
98. I agree ... your suggestion. 99. I can't agree ... you. 100. A t last
they agreed ... the problem discussed. 101. When I was young I ar¬
gued ... my brothers and sisters all the time. I used to share most o f
my toys ... my brother, but he specialised ... keeping them ... him¬
self. When I asked h i m ... anything he simply used to refuse to give
it ... me, and then I became very angry ... him. Our sisters blamed
everything ... us when our parents accused us ... quarrelling all the
time. M y brother and I got annoyed ... this, but only succeeded
... making matters worse. Our parents didn't approve ... our quar­
relling so much, and they insisted ... not taking sides. They either
laughed ... it, or told us to forgive each other for everything. Soon
we became ashamed ... quarrelling, and became good ... getting
on well ... each other.

2. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. У кого т ы з а н я л э т и деньги? 2. Т ы д о б и л с я успехов ( п р е ­

успеваешь) в и з у ч е н и и английского? 3. Раздели п о л е н а че¬
т ы р е части. 4. Я н а с т а и в а ю н а н е м е д л е н н о м о т п р а в л е н и и .
5. О н в н и м а т е л ь н о слушал учителя. 6. Я согласен с вами.
7. Я н е в о з р а ж а ю п р о т и в этого п р е д л о ж е н и я . 8. О н д о в о л е н
э т о й о ц е н к о й . 9. О н подозревается в убийстве. 10. О н и б ы л и
у д и в л е н ы н е о б ы ч а й н о й к р а с о т о й к а р т и н ы . 11. О н а замужем
за м о и м братом. 12. О н а сейчас застрахована от о п а с н о с т и .
13. К т о стучится в дверь? 14. И з в и н и т е м е н я за о п о з д а н и е н а
у р о к (я сожалею). 15. К т о спас ее от смерти? 16. В ы прини¬
маете участие в э т о м с о р е в н о в а н и и ? 17. В ы уже договори¬
л и с ь о цене? 18. От к о г о это зависит? 19. Я п о з д р а в и л его с
д н е м р о ж д е н и я . 20. К о м у п р и н а д л е ж и т эта земля? 21. К н и г а
состоит и з д е с я т и глав. 22. Н а что о н жалуется? 23. М ы б ы л и
р а с с т р о е н ы т е м , ч т о н е застали его дома. 24. Б р а з и л и я славит­
ся футболом. 25. Х о з я й к а была очень добра к д е т я м . 26. О н а

117
гордится с в о и м и д о с т и ж е н и я м и . 27. М а л е н ь к а я д е в о ч к а бо¬
я л а с ь т е м н о т ы . 28. В ы отсутствовали н а своем р а б о ч е м месте
в т е ч е н и е д в а д ц а т и минут. 29. О н а стеснялась своего акцен¬
та. 30. У ч е н ы й занят с в о и м и о п ы т а м и . 31. С п о р т с м е н уверен
в своем успехе. 32. О н и п о х о ж и друг н а друга. 33. О н а была
сердита н а своего друга. 34. К о м п а н и я имеет о п ы т строи¬
тельства д о м о в . 35. О н б р о с и л к а м е н ь в эту девочку. 36. Са¬
молет отправляется в М о с к в у . 37. Этот д о м н е отличается от
того. 38. Т ы всегда м о ж е ш ь н а него п о л о ж и т ь с я . 39. О н тра¬
тит д е н ь г и н а к н и г и и п и щ у . 40. Я г о в о р и л с н и м н а п р о ш л о й
неделе. 41. О ч е м т ы г о в о р и л со своей матерью? 42. Т ы ни¬
когда н е б ы л с и л е н в а н г л и й с к о м . 43. О н а была обрадована
у с л ы ш а н н ы м . 44. Я устал от этого. 45. Н а д ч е м т ы с м е е ш ь с я ?
46. П о ч е м у т ы к р и ч и ш ь н а свою мать? 47. Э т о п р о и з о ш л о со
м н о й вчера. 48. Этот у ч е б н и к очень п о п у л я р е н среди студен¬
тов. 49. О н о б в и н я е т с я в л е н и и н е б р е ж н о с т и . 50. О н и согла¬
с и л и с ь н а н а ш е п р е д л о ж е н и е . 51. О н увлекается путешест¬
в и я м и . 52. Вчера о н и д о г о в о р и л и с ь о месте встречи. 53. Н е
б е с п о к о й т е с ь о багаже. За н и м п р и с м о т р я т . 54. О н и п р о с и л и
п о м о щ и ? 55. Когда м ы п р и б ы л и в п о с е л о к (settlement), н а с
н и к т о н е встретил. 56. Н е хотите л и сыграть со м н о й в шах¬
м а т ы ? — Н е т , с п а с и б о . Я плохо и г р а ю в ш а х м а т ы . 57. Ч т о о н
ответил н а это п р е д л о ж е н и е ? 58. Б и л л н а ш е л себе работу,
т а к к а к н е хотел зависеть от родителей. 59. Я могу о б ъ я с н и т ь
вам э т о п р а в и л о е щ е раз. 60. В ш к о л е дети с м е я л и с ь н а д н и м .
61. О н а н е интересуется ш а х м а т а м и . 62. Когда м ы в о ш л и в
к о м н а т у , о н слушал радиопередачу. 63. Вот в ы где! М ы вас
и щ е м с утра. 64. П о вечерам о н п р о с м а т р и в а л ж у р н а л ы и л и
беседовал с д р у з ь я м и . 65. Д е т и к р и ч а л и Тому, ч т о б ы о н туда
н е ш е л , н о о н и х н е с л ы ш а л . 66. Ж е н и т ь б а Роберта н а Д ж е й н
была удачной. 67. М а л ь ч и к ж и л о д и н , о н е м н и к т о н е забо¬
т и л с я , и о н часто страдал от холода и голода. 68. Всех уди¬
в и л его н е о ж и д а н н ы й приезд. 69. Я н е удовлетворен т в о и м и
оценками.

118
 PREPOSITION + NOUN
(PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES)

At

at the age (of) в возрасте

at the beginning of (when
sth started) (but: in the
beginning = originally) в начале
at breakfast/dinner/tea за з а в т р а к о м / о б е д о м /
чаем

at the bottom (of) внизу

at the corner/on the corner н а углу

at all costs любой ценой

at the crossroads на перекрестке;

на распутье

at dawn

at the end ( = when sth на рассвете

is finished) (but: in the
end = finally)

at first в конце

at first sight сперва, сначала

at a glance с первого взгляда
at hand с первого взгляда

под р у к о й , р я д о м 119
at home дома

at last наконец

at the latest самое п о з д н е е

at least по крайней мере

at leisure н а досуге

at liberty свободный, находящийся

н а свободе
at a loss в замешательстве
at a low (high) price по низкой (высокой)
цене
at midnight в полночь
at the moment в данный момент
at night (but: in the night) ночью

at noon в полдень

at once сразу, н е м е д л е н н о

at peace/war в состоянии мира

(войны)

at present в настоящее время

at random н а о б у м , наугад, наудачу

at one's request no ч ь е й - т о просьбе

at the same time в то ж е самое в р е м я

at school в школе

at sea в море

at the seaside на море, на морском

побережье

at sb's service к ч ь и м - л . услугам

120
at a speed o f 25 miles со с к о р о с т ь ю 25 м и л ь

at sunrise н а восходе

at sunset н а закате

at the time в э т о (то) в р е м я , тогда

at a time за о д и н р а з ,
одновременно

at times иногда, в р е м е н а м и

at the top of (but: on top of) наверху

at university в университете

at the weekend в выходной день

at work за р а б о т о й

at 10 Maple Street н а М е й п л - с т р и т 10

at 90° Fahrenheit п р и 90° п о Ф а р е н г е й т у

By

by accident случайно, нечаянно

by the arm/hand за руку

by birth по происхождению

by bus/train/plane/helicopter/ автобусом/поездом/
taxi/ship/car, etc. самолетом/вертолетом/
(but: on a /the bus/plane/train на такси/пароходом/
in a taxi/car/helicopter) на машине

by chance случайно

расплатиться чеком
(pay) by cheque/credit card (кредитной карточкой)

днем/ночью
by day/night
121
by experience по опыту
by hand ручным способом,
вручную
by heart наизусть
by land/sea/air по суше/морским/
в о з д у ш н ы м путем
by means of посредством
by all means во ч т о б ы то н и стало
by no means н и в к о е м случае
by mistake по ошибке
by nature по природе
by name по имени
one by one по одному
by myself я с а м (без п о с т о р о н н е й
помощи)
by phone по телефону
by post/airmail по почте/авиапочтой
by profession по профессии
by request по просьбе
step by step ш а г за ш а г о м ;
постепенно
by the way между п р о ч и м
by my watch ^ м о и м часам

For
for ages/years д а в н о , целую вечность
for breakfast/dinner/supper на завтрак/обед/ужин
122
for certain наверняка, несомненно
for a change для разнообразия
for ever навсегда
for instance = for example например
for sale н а продажу
for this purpose с этой целью

for the time being пока, временно

for the first (last) time в первый (последний)

раз

for a long time долгое в р е м я

for a while н а (некоторое) в р е м я

for this reason по этой причине

From

from (the) beginning

to (the) end с начала до конца
from day to day со д н я н а д е н ь
from time to time в р е м я от в р е м е н и
from experience по опыту
from memory по памяти

In

i n addition to sth в д о п о л н е н и е к чему-л.

i n advance заранее, з а б л а г о в р е м е н н о

123
i n the affirmative/in the negative утвердительно/
отрицательно

i n answer to в ответ н а

i n an armchair в кресле

i n a good/bad temper в хорошем/плохом

настроении

i n bed в кровати, в постели

i n the beginning ( = originally) первоначально

i n brief вкратце, в немногих

словах

i n any case во в с я к о м случае

i n cash наличными

i n the centre o f в центре

i n conclusion (to) в заключение

i n good/bad condition в хорошем/плохом

состоянии

i n confidence п о секрету

i n the cold/rain/wind в холод/в дождь/

в ветреную погоду

i n the country в деревне

i n danger в опасности

i n the dark в темноте

i n detail детально, подробно

(to be) i n difficulty и с п ы т ы в а т ь трудности

i n the direction of по направлению к

124
i n the end ( = finally) наконец, в конце концов
i n exchange for в обмен на
i n fact фактически, на самом
деле

i n fashion в моде

i n favour of в пользу

i n one's free time в свободное время

i n fun в шутку, ш у т к и р а д и

i n (the) future в будущем

i n general обычно, вообще,

в б о л ь ш и н с т в е случаев
i n good time
своевременно
i n half
пополам
i n good/bad health
здоровый/больной
i n honour of
в честь
i n hospital
в больнице
i n a hurry
в спешке
i n ink/pencil/pen чернилами/карандашом/
ручкой

i n sb's interest в чьих-л. интересах

i n love (with) влюбленный

i n luxury в роскоши

i n the meantime т е м в р е м е н е м , между т е м

i n a mess в беспорядке

125
i n the middle o f в середине
i n a moment через минуту

i n a good/bad m o o d в хорошем/плохом
настроении

i n the morning/afternoon/
evening утром/днем/вечером

i n need o f нуждающийся

i n the north/south/east/west на севере/юге/востоке/

западе

i n the open (air) н а о т к р ы т о м воздухе

i n one's opinion по мнению кого-л.

i n order/disorder в порядке/в беспорядке

i n other words другими словами, иначе

говоря

i n pairs парами

i n particular особенно

i n the past в прошлом

i n person лично, собственной

персоной

i n the picture на картине

i n pounds фунтами

i n practice на практике, на самом

деле, ф а к т и ч е с к и

i n principle в принципе

i n prison в тюрьме

i n private/public лично/публично

126
i n Pushkin у Пушкина

i n a queue/a line в очереди

i n question о к о т о р о м идет р е ч ь

Here is the book i n question. Вот к н и г а , о к о т о р о й

идет речь.

i n Russian/English/French по-русски/по-англий-
ciai/ по-французски

The letter was written i n English. П и с ь м о было н а п и с а н о

по-английски.

i n return в з а м е н , в о б м е н , в ответ

i n safety в безопасности

i n secret п о секрету

i n short короче говоря

i n silk в ш е л к о в о й одежде

i n the sky н а небе

i n stock в запасе, в н а л и ч и и , в
ассортименте

i n the street на улице

i n succession о д и н за д р у г и м

i n the suburbs в пригороде

i n the sun/shade на солнце/ в тени

i n good/bad taste со в к у с о м / б е з в к у с н о

i n tears в слезах

i n theory в теории

i n time вовремя

127
i n town в городе
i n touch (with sb) в контакте с кем-л.
i n trouble в беде
i n turn ^ очереди
i n uniform в униформе
i n vain напрасно, тщетно
i n a loud/low voice громким/тихим голосом
i n whisper шепотом
i n white в белом
i n writing письменно
i n a word о д н и м с л о в о м , к о р о ч е говоря
i n a few words в н е с к о л ь к и х словах, в к р а т ц е

On

on the advice/suggestion o f по совету/предложению кого-л.

on/at arrival по прибытии

on (the) average в среднем

on behalf of от и м е н и к о г о - л .

on board н а борту

on the border на границе

on business по делам

on the coast на морском побережье

on condition that п р и у с л о в и и , что

128
on the contrary наоборот

on credit в кредит

on a(n) cruise/excursion/ в круизе/на экскурсии/

trip/tour в п у т е ш е с т в и и / в турне

on a diet н а диете

on duty н а дежурстве

on an expedition в экспедиции

on a farm на ферме
(but: i n a field)

on fire охваченный пламенем

on foot пешком

on the one hand с одной стороны

on the other hand с другой с т о р о н ы

on holiday в отпуске, на к а н и к у л а х

on horseback верхом

on an island н а острове

(but: i n the mountains)

в путешествии
on a journey
позже
later on
в отпуске
on leave
налево/направо
on the left/right
в списке
on the list

on the market на рынке

( = available to the public)
on one's m i n d н а уме, в м ы с л я х
129
on the outskirts в окрестностях, н а о к р а и н е
on one's own самостоятельно, независимо

Н а сегодня у м е н я нет н и к а к и х
I am (all) on my own today. особых планов.

на странице
on page ...
у телефона; по телефону
on the phone / telephone
Кто у телефона?
Who is on the phone?
в программе
on the programme
нарочно, намеренно
on purpose
на реке Темзе
on the River Thames
в продаже по сниженным ценам
on sale
в отпуске п о б о л ь н и ч н о м у
on sick-leave
на экране
on (the) screen
после некоторого размышления
on second thoughts
и т а к далее
and so on
н а э т о й у л и ц е / н а у л и ц е , -ах
on this street/on the street(s)
бастовать
(to be) on strike
п о телевизору / п о р а д и о
on television/on the radio
в х о р о ш и х / в п л о х и х / в дружес¬
on good/bad/friendly terms ких отношениях

on time вовремя

on top (of) наверху

on the way (to) п о пути, п о дороге

( = as I was going)

on the whole в целом, в общем и целом; в

итоге
130
 Out of

(to be) out of breath запыхаться, задохнуться

out o f danger вне опасности
out o f date устарелый
out o f doors на улице
out of fashion не в моде
out of pity (envy) и з ж а л о с т и (зависти)
out o f order не в порядке, неисправный,
испорченный

out of the ordinary необычный, из ряда вон

выходящий

out of place н е н а (своем) месте;

неуместный

(to be) out of practice разучиться, д а в н о н е з а н и м а т ь с я

^м-л.)

out of the question

This is out o f the question. Об э т о м н е м о ж е т быть и р е ч и .

out of reach в н е (пределов) д о с я г а е м о с т и

out o f sight за п р е д е л а м и в и д и м о с т и

out o f stock распродано

(to be) out of use выйти из употребления

out of work без р а б о т ы

131
 Off

(to be) off duty быть с в о б о д н ы м , н е дежурить

off school н е быть н а уроке, н а з а н я т и я х

в школе

off work н е быть з а н я т ы м н а работе

To

to the end до конца

to my (his) disappointment/ к м о е м у (его) р а з о ч а р о -
astonishment/surprise ванию/изумлению/удивлению

to the north, south, west, к северу, югу, западу,

east (of) востоку (от)

to the right/left направо/налево

i n reply (answer) to в ответ н а

Under

to be under consideration рассматриваться

to be under construction строиться
to be under discussion обсуждаться
under the circumstances п р и этих обстоятельствах
under pressure под давлением
under arrest п о д арестом

132
under the contract/agreement п о контракту/соглаше¬
нию

to be under repair ремонтироваться

Without

without delay н е м е д л е н н о , тотчас ж е ,

безотлагательно
without doubt несомненно

without fail н е п р е м е н н о , обязательно

without notice без п р е д у п р е ж д е н и я

(формального)

without success безуспешно

without warning без п р е д у п р е ж д е н и я

I t goes without saying. С а м о с о б о й разумеется,

я с н о без слов.

to do without sb/sth обходиться без к о г о - л . ,

чего-л.

Practice

1. Fill in the g a p s with the correct prepositions.

1. She doesn't live i n the city centre. She lives ... the outskirts.
2. Unfortunately, I w i l l be away from home ... my birthday.
3. Bright colours are ... fashion this season. 4. I never stay out late
... night. 5. We w i l l contact you ... the phone when your tickets are

133
ready. 6. John has gone ... a walk by the lake. 7. ... second thoughts,
I w i l l have another slice o f cake. 8. He wasn't wearing his uniform
because he was ... duty. 9. I can't talk to you now. I ' m ... a hurry.
10. D o you keep ... touch w i t h anyone from school? 11. Lisa spilt
her coffee on the carpet ... accident. 12. We haven't been to the
theatre ... ages. 13. I signed the letter ... behalf o f the manager.
14. Medicine should be kept ... reach of children. 15. They left
early this morning, so they must have arrived ... now. 16. I don't
understand how some people can listen to music and study ... the
same time. 17. They're having their house painted so they're stay-
ing w i t h us ... the time being. 18. You'd better not talk to Pam to-
day; she's ... a bad mood. 19. The company's new product w i l l be
... the market next month. 20. 'You're ... arrest!' the policeman
shouted to the robber. 21. The buses were ... strike yesterday. 22. He
was ... breath when he finished the race. 23. Steve was ... school
last week because he had flu. 24. She paid for her new stereo ...
cash. 25. They delivered the parcel to the wrong house ... mistake.
26. We must finish this project by Friday ... all costs. 27. Let's meet
... a drink at O'Malley's on Friday night. 28. After the storm, all
the telephones i n my neighbourhood were ... order and had to be
repaired. 29. ... my horror, I noticed that the lock of the front door
had been broken. 30. Customers can pay ... cheque i f they wish to.
31. ... time ... time she would stop whatever she was doing, look
out of the window and daydream. 32. 'Can I speak to M r Watley?'
' I ' m afraid M r Watley is away ... business. Would you like to leave
a message?' 33. ' D i d you grow up i n a city?' ' N o , I didn't. I spent
most of my childhood ... a farm.' 34. ' D o you know where the
Johnsons live?' 'Yes, the live ... 102 Riley Road ... the city centre.
I think their apartment is ... the 6th floor.' 35. ' D o you drive to
work?' ' N o , I always go to work ... foot but I return ... taxi.' 36. 'The
Smiths must be away ... holiday. The lights i n their house have
been off for days.' ' D i d n ' t I tell you that they went ... a cruise but
they w i l l be back ... time for our dinner party next week?' 37. 'What
do you like doing ... your free time?' ' I love reading plays ... Shake-
speare and sometimes I go window-shopping ... town.' 38. ' H o w
about going ... a swim ... the weekend?' ' I ' d rather go ... a walk ...

134
the countryside.' 39. ' D i d you know that Mary went to a dietician
... help?' 'Really?' 'Yes. She was put... a diet and seems to have her
weight... control now.' 40. 'When I was ... the bus yesterday, I got
really embarrassed.' 'Why? What happened?' ' I stepped on a
woman's foot, ... accident o f course, and she started screaming at
me.' 41. ' I heard ... the radio that the bank near here was robbed
this morning.' ' O h really! I heard sirens ... the distance early this
morning.' 42. ... first, I thought she was arrogant, but then I re¬
alised she was just shy. 43. One of the main reasons ... the hole i n
the ozone layer is air pollution. 44. Being an only child can have
its advantages. ... the other hand, i t can be lonely at times. 45. 'Is
the cheapest way to send a parcel to Australia ... airmail?' Paul
asked. 46. I met M r Harrods ... chance i n the lift. 47. She worked
as a waitress ... a while before going to university. 48. I dialled the
wrong number ... mistake. 49. He explained his plans to us ... de¬
tail. 50. Call the fire brigade. The house is ... fire! 51. The office is
... a mess! We need to tidy i t up. 52. ... my opinion, that was an
excellent film. 53. M y parents took me ... a tour of Italy. 54. M r
Jones can't speak to you — he's ... the phone. 55. When she was i l l
she stayed ... home for two weeks. 56. I met an old friend ... chance
while I was out shopping. 57. I like to spend a month ... the seaside
every summer. 58. O n his voyage round the world, he was ... sea for
six months. 59. They met while they were ... university. 60. Plans
for the trip are still ... discussion. 61. We can't use the bridge be-
cause it's ... repair. 62. After his jogging, he was ... breath. 63. ...
my astonishment, I won $ 2,000. 64. Actors have to learn their
lines ... heart. 65. M a n is ... danger o f ruining the planet. 66. She
was ... a plane to Madrid when the bomb exploded. 67. We usually
go ... bus because it's cheaper than the train. 68. I left my purse ...
the bus when I got off. 69. I must pass my tests ... all costs. 70. The
bus only stops here ... request. 71. I was ... a loss for words when I
saw h i m . 72. M u m made the skirt ... hand. 73. ... the end o f the
programme she turned the television off. 74. ... the end they got
married, but we had thought they never would. 75. We always eat
lunch ... noon. 76. I usually go to bed ... midnight. 77. ... general
people like her. 78. That particular model is not currently ... stock.

135
79. I ' m afraid we're temporarily ... stock. 80. Say it ... English.
81. Spend the afternoon ... leisure i n the town centre. 82. She
wrote i t ... pencil. 83. This is ... addition ... what I said yesterday.
84. He did i t ... purpose, knowing it would annoy her. 85. The
meeting has been, ... doubt, one of the most useful we have had so
far. 86. The chapel was built i n the 12th century and is still ... use
today. 87. 400 people a year die of this disease ... average. 88. He
bought the dictionary ... credit. 89. We tried ... vain to persuade
her to go. 90. We had to hear about the whole journey ... beginning
... end. 91. O n the day ... question we were i n Cardiff. 92. Applica-
tions should be i n by 31 October ... the latest. 93. She is very sensi-
tive ... nature. 94. I can't say ... certain when we'll arrive. 95. Is
your name ... the list? 96. H o w long were you ... the queue?
97. D o n ' t ask me to speak French! I ' m ... practice. 98. They spoke
... whispers. 99. ... the whole I ' m ... favour of the idea. 100. Some
of these files seem to be ... place. 101. ... the circumstances, it
seemed better not to tell h i m about the accident. 102. 'Would you
like to help us?' a word, no.' 103. She did it. ... pity. 104. He
was there ... the request o f his manager. 105. Is there somewhere
we can discuss this ... private? 106. He could tell ... a glance what
was wrong. 107. We all learn ... experience. 108. She had been ...
work for a year. 109. Eva told me about their relationship ... confi¬
dence. 110. She was all ... black. 111. He spoke ... a loud voice.
112. You've been ... my m i n d all day. 113. She lives ... her own.
114. ... brief, the meeting was a disaster. 115. I f you need anything,
I ' m ... your service. 116. The bank is ... difficulty/ difficulties.
117. I ' m ... need o f some fresh air. 118. I ' l l explain this to you step
... step. 119. We had to go and see the principal one ... a time.
120. She can recite the whole poem ... memory. 121. Nothing ...
earth would persuade me to go w i t h him. 122. Another trip abroad
this year is ... the question. 123. The proposals are currently ...
consideration. 124. He's had ten days ... school. 125. Suddenly
she felt old and ... . 126. I want you here by two o'clock ... fail.
127. She answered ... the affirmative. 128. We made the journey ...
land, though flying would have been cheaper. 129. What shall we
serve ... lunch? 130. I think M r Harris is ... lunch. 131. ... the next
crossroads, turn right. 132. It's cheaper i f you book the tickets ...

136
advance. 133. I t was not serious, it was all done ... fun. 134. Have
the passengers gone ... board yet? 135. He is still ... work on the
painting. 136. Guests receive dinner ... arrival at the hotel.
137. Can I buy you lunch ... return for your help? 138. The kids
were playing ... the street. 139. He was sitting alone ... the dark¬
ness. 140. There's a hotel ... the corner of my street. 141. She is ...
no means an inexperienced teacher. 142. I waited for them ... the
bottom of the hill. 143. A meeting was called ... the purpose o f ap¬
pointing a new treasurer. 144. D o n ' t stand outside ... the cold.
145. I had no idea that you and he were ... such intimate terms.
146. I ' m looking for something a little more ... the ordinary.
147. You should spend more time ... doors i n the fresh air. 148. I
did i t ... his advice. 149. M y first novel was rejected by six publish¬
ers. ... the meantime I had written a play. 150. I t ' l l cost ... least 500
dollars. 151. H a l f the workforce are now ... strike. 152. She opened
the book ... random and started reading. 153. Help was ... hand.

2. C h o o s e the correct item.

1. There's someone ... the door. Can you open it, please?
A in B at C on

2. I ' d like to go out for dinner ... a change.

A on B for C off

3. Most children start school ... the age o f five.

A on B out C at

4. ... the time I arrived, the others had gone home.

A in B for C by

5. He works very hard when he's ... pressure.

A in B under C on

6. The answers to the exercise are ... page 76.

A at B on C in

137
7. There is a lovely duck pond ... the park.
A on B at C in

8. I met my neighbour ... chance at the airport.

A at B by C on

9. You look tired. You should sit down ... a while.

A out B at C for

10. The post office is ... the left, next to the bank.
A on B out C at

11. Please fill i n the form ... pencil.

A for B in C at

12. Many animals are ... danger of becoming extinct.

A in B at C under

13. We went to the station ... taxi.

A by B at C with

14. The police didn't believe his story ... first.

A in B on C at

15. Oranges are expensive now because they're ... season.

A in B out of C off

16. Paul is ... holiday i n Mexico at the moment.

A on B at C in

17. There is a beautiful house ... sale i n that street.

A for B in C under

18. Christine made the decorations ... herself.

A in B on C by

19. The plane went ... control, but the pilot managed to land it
safely.
A under B out of C off

138
20. The vase fell on the floor and broke ... pieces.
A into B out C at

21. I've read this poem so many times that I know it ... heart.
A from B by C at

22. I like all vegetables; lettuce and cabbage ... particular.

A for B on C in

23. I ' m sorry but you can't use the lift. It's ... order.
A out o f B in C off

24. Kate doesn't want a cake. She's ... a diet.

A on B in C at

25. Bob likes playing golf ... his free time.

A on B at C in

3. Fill in the g a p s with the correct preposition.

Last year my family went ... holiday to Thailand. We went ... air;
it was a very long journey but we were very well looked after ... the
plane by all the stewardesses. When we arrived ... the airport we
went directly to our hotel ... taxi. There was a lot o f traffic ... the
streets of the city and there were many people walking ... the pave-
ments. We stayed ... a large hotel ... the outskirts of Bangkok. We
were given a wonderful suite ... the top floor of the hotel. The most
enjoyable day I had was when we went ... a trip ... boat, down the
river to the crocodile farm. We had a wonderful holiday.

4. Fill in the g a p s with the correct preposition.

Last year I went ... a trip which was an absolute disaster. I was go¬
ing to Berlin ... business when ... accident, I got ... the wrong train.
We were ... the way to Brussels before I realised m y mistake. When
I got to Brussels I had more problems because all my money was
139
... German Marks and I didn't have my credit card w i t h me. ...
chance, I found a helpful policeman, who was soon ... the phone
to m y company. Thanks to his help I was able to arrange for some
money to be sent to a nearby bank. I spent that night i n a hotel
and paid m y b i l l ... cash before leaving. ... the end I got to Berlin
twenty-four hours later than I had expected. Everyone thought my
trip was a big joke, especially when I told them I had seen Brussels
... the way.

5. Fill in the g a p s below.

I live ... my own ... the suburbs ... the outskirts o f London. M y flat
is ... the second floor and it's ... good condition. I t consists ... four
rooms and is very convenient ... the shops. The bedroom looks out
onto a garden, which I share ... four other people. I want to con­
vert the bedroom ... a study. I found the flat ... an agency.

6. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. М ы с л и в ы р а ж а ю т с я посредством слов. 2. Выучите э т о с т и ­

х о т в о р е н и е наизусть. 3. И з в и н и т е , я н а б р а л в а ш н о м е р п о
о ш и б к е . 4. П у т е ш е с т в е н н и к и ш л и н о ч ь ю и отдыхали д н е м .
5. З а з а в т р а к о м о н сидел н а п р о т и в м е н я . 6. С первого взгля­
да д е в у ш к а ему н е п о н р а в и л а с ь . 7. В н а с т о я щ е е в р е м я Д ж о н
дома. 8. И з в и н и т е , я о п я т ь опоздал, н о я сделал э т о ненаме¬
р е н н о . 9. С о д н о й с т о р о н ы в ы п р а в ы , н о с другой с т о р о н ы ,
в ы д о л ж н ы п о н я т ь своего о п п о н е н т а . 10. Вам п о н р а в и л с я
новый фильм? — Напротив, мне он очень не понравился. О н
о ч е н ь с к у ч н ы й . 11. Д о м б ы л охвачен о г н е м , и н и к т о н е м о г
п о д о й т и б л и з к о к нему. 12. К т о сегодня д е ж у р н ы й ? 13. Е с л и
погода х о р о ш а я , я иду в институт п е ш к о м . 14. В э т о м мага¬
з и н е продают к н и г и н а и н о с т р а н н ы х я з ы к а х . 15. К а к часто
в ы ходите в к и н о ? — В среднем д в а раза в м е с я ц . 16. П о с л е
н е к о т о р о г о р а з м ы ш л е н и я м ы р е ш и л и лететь в М о с к в у само¬
л е т о м . 17. Гости п о очереди п о д х о д и л и к х о з я й к е и благода-

140
р и л и ее. 18. В к о н ц е к о н ц о в м а л ь ч и к а н а ш л и за три м и л и от
д е р е в н и . 19. Вы в л ю б л е н ы в этого человека? 20. Вы д о л ж н ы
п р и н е с т и ему и з в и н е н и я п у б л и ч н о . 21. Е с л и вы п о п а д е т е в
беду, дайте м н е телеграмму. 22. К о р о ч е говоря, в ы сегодня н е
готовы к уроку. 23. Я н е п о м н ю эту книгу. Во в с я к о м случае,
п р и н е с и т е ее, пожалуйста, завтра. 24. О н помогает всем, к т о
нуждается. 25. И н а ч е говоря, о н п р о с п а л и опоздал н а поезд.
26. П и с ь м о б ы л о трудно читать, т а к к а к о н о было н а п и с а н о
к а р а н д а ш о м . 27. П о п а с т ь в С а н к т - П е т е р б у р г м о ж н о парохо¬
д о м , п о е з д о м , самолетом. 28. М е ж д у п р о ч и м , вы ч и т а л и эту
книгу? 29. О б я з а т е л ь н о п о з в о н и т е м н е , когда будете в Моск¬
ве. 30. О н с о о б щ и л м н е о своем приезде телеграммой. 31. Н и
в к о е м случае не говорите ей об этом! О н а о ч е н ь расстроится.
32. В ы д о л ж н ы п о й т и туда н е м е д л е н н о . 33. Н а к о н е ц , о н ре¬
ш и л с я п о г о в о р и т ь с ж е н о й об отъезде. 34. О н р е ш и л достать
эту к н и г у л ю б о й ц е н о й . 35. Я застал М э р и в слезах, н о она
н и ч е г о н е хотела о б ъ я с н и т ь . 36. Д а в а й т е о т л о ж и м эту работу
н а н е к о т о р о е время. 37. Л е к ц и я началась в о в р е м я . 38. Разре¬
ш и т е в ы р а з и т ь благодарность от и м е н и м о и х коллег. 39. Н а
п р о ш л о й неделе м ы п о с м о т р е л и и н т е р е с н ы й ф и л ь м п о те¬
левизору. 40. М ы встали н а восходе с о л н ц а и о т п р а в и л и с ь
в г о р ы . 41. С е й ч а с м ы в н е о п а с н о с т и . 42. У н а с к а н и к у л ы .
43. О н а была в плохом н а с т р о е н и и . 44. О н а всегда одевается
в ч е р н о е . 45. К о г д а ему б ы л о 16 лет, о н б р о с и л школу. 46. О н
л ю б и т почитать на досуге. 47. О н ехал со с к о р о с т ь ю 100 ки¬
л о м е т р о в в час. 48. Д в а государства находятся в с о с т о я н и и
в о й н ы . 49. Я встретил его в вестибюле в к о н ц е к о н ц е р т а .
50. Д ж о н не м о г р е ш и т ь с я , куда ему поехать на к а н и к у л ы .
Н а к о н е ц / В к о н ц е к о н ц о в о н р е ш и л поехать в Г е р м а н и ю .
51. Н а м о и х часах 2 часа. 52. К о ш к и спят д н е м , а охотятся
н о ч ь ю . 53. Я сделал это н е ч а я н н о . 54. Я сделал все это сам.
55. Ее отец был в р а ч о м п о п р о ф е с с и и . 56. Я встречаю его
в р е м я от в р е м е н и . 57. К а к бы в ы с к а з а л и это по-английс¬
к и ? 58. У него была собака, к о т о р у ю звали Р е к с о м . 59. Вам
н е о б о й т и с ь без нас. 60. К о м н а т а была в беспорядке. 61. О н
сейчас в э к с п е д и ц и и н а Урале. 62. В с п и с к е 20 студентов.

141
63. Все н а ш и у с и л и я о к а з а л и с ь н а п р а с н ы м и . 64. О н сейчас
в отпуске. 65. О н а сделала это и з зависти. 66. Б о л ь н и ц а все
е щ е р е м о н т и р у е т с я . 67. С н а ч а л а я хотел п о з в о н и т ь ему, н о
п о т о м передумал. 68. В ы можете п о к а оставить здесь свой
ч е м о д а н . 69. М о й брат н а х о д и т с я в к о м а н д и р о в к е в Лондо¬
не. 70. Ч а с назад о н и у ш л и н а прогулку и е щ е н е вернулись.
71. Я расплачусь н а л и ч н ы м и / к р е д и т н о й к а р т о ч к о й / ч е к о м .
72. Я ч и т а ю р а с с к а з О. Г е н р и . 73. Т ы н е х о ч е ш ь искупаться?
74. М ы встретились случайно. 75. Я л ю б л ю к о ф е с м о л о к о м
н а завтрак. 76. Ч т о о н сейчас делает? — О н говорит п о теле¬
фону. 77. П о м о е м у м н е н и ю , о н прав. 78. Я с л ы ш а л эту но¬
вость п о р а д и о . 79. О б ы ч н о она л ю д я м н р а в и т с я .

• Revision

1. Decide w h i c h word is correct.

1. I saw a really funny programme ... television.

a) at b) from c) i n d) on

2. You can see all the information ... the screen.

a) at b) i n c) inside d) on

3. Are these pictures . sale?

a) at b) for c) i n d) to

4. Could you let me know ... Friday at the latest?

a) by b) to c) up to d) until

5. The audience clapped ... the end of the show.

a) at b) for c) i n d) to

142
6. I've lived here ... last year.
a) after b) by c) for d) since

7. What's the matter ... your car?

a) by b) for c) on d) with

8. We could see the balloon high . the town.

a) above b) on c) onto d) up

9. There was a fall . ten per cent i n prices.

a) at b) by c) i n d) of

10. The house was burgled . we were out.

a) at b) during c) time d) while

11. What's the difference . a boat and a ship?

a) between b) from c) under d) with

12. Rupert's new car looks more ... an aeroplane.

a) as b) like c) near d) similar

13. We're all bored . this game.

a) about b) at c) for d) with

14. I can't find my keys. I had them a minute ... .

a) ago b) before c) behind d) back

15. We get lots of requests ... help.

a) at b) for c) of d) on

16. The babysitter w i l l stay there . we get home.

a) by b) for c) to d) until

17. I ' m going to be late ... the meeting.

a) at b) for c) i n d) to

143
18. We do most o f our business . summer.
a) along b) at c) i n d) on

19. The job is similar . my old one.

a) as b) at c) to d) with

20. D o n ' t put the blame ... me! I t was Carol who broke the win¬
dow.
a) for b) to c) on d) with

21. It's typical ... her not to admit she's made a mistake.
a) to b) from c) of d) with

22. He was very polite because he wanted to make a good impres¬

sion . the new boss.
a) of b) to c) on d) for

23. I dreamt ... my old teacher last night.

a) for b) of c) about d) on

24. Heavy rain was the cause ... the flood.

a) for b) of c) to d) i n

25. I ' d like to go out for dinner ... a change.

a) on b) for c) off d) i n

26. The answers to the exercise are ... page 78.

a) at b) on c) i n d) by

27. I like all vegetables; lettuce and cabbage ... particular.

a) for b) on c) i n d) by

28. This writer's books are always popular ... the readers.
a) among b) by c) with d) for

144
2. Complete the s e c o n d s e n t e n c e s o that it h a s a similar mean-
ing to the f irst. U s e the word in brackets.

e.g. This is the Glasgow train. (going)

This train is going to Glasgow.

1. Scott is a resident of Washington. (lives)

2. I ' m travelling to Italy as part o f my job. (business)
3. Friday morning is a busy time for me. ( I ' m )
4. They started playing an hour ago. (been)
5. Jonathan can play tennis very well. (good)
6. I ' m rather busy now. (moment)
7. We took a plane to Budapest. (air)
8. Nigel passes the newsagent's every day. (goes)
9. The company is planning to reduce the workforce. (reduc¬
tion)
10. We got to our guest-house early enough for a meal. (time)

3. Complete the s e n t e n c e s using the w o r d s in the boxes. Some¬

times more than one a n s w e r is possible.

at in on since for from of to

during between about with under

1. We're meeting ... the clock tower ... N o r t h Street ... 8 o'clock
this evening. 2. I went shopping ... town ... Friday afternoon.
3. We're thinking ... going ... the concert ... Saturday. Are you i n -
terested ... coming? 4. She's been studying ... the University ...
Manchester ... the past three years. 5. He had great difficulty ...
finding a job when he was living ... the north of England. 6. They
live ... 148 Dyke Road. Their flat is ... the second floor. 7. We took
145
a lot o f photographs ... our visit ... Rome last summer. 8. ... my
opinion they show too many old films ... TV. 9. They went away
... holiday ... the end o f last week. 10. They've been staying ... the
International Hotel ... Oxford Street ... they arrived ... England.
11. He's suffered ... bad headaches ... he had the accident. 12. ...
first I didn't want to go swimming i n the river, but ... the end I
changed m y mind. 13. M y brother worked ... a tourist guide ...
London ... three months ... the summer. 14. I found an old pho-
tograph ... the floor ... the bed ... my room. 15. When she was a
child, she dreamt ... being a famous dancer. 16. I ' m not very good
... making decisions. 17. You can depend ... h i m to arrive ... time;
he's never late. 18. We've arranged to meet ... a cafe ... a drink
... 9 o'clock this evening. 19. I have a very good relationship ...
my sister. 20. There is no need ... you to worry ... me. I ' l l be all
right. 21. You're very different ... your mother, but quite similar
... your father. 22. They're looking ... a house ... four bedrooms
and a garden. 23. The police accused the woman ... stealing the
money. 24. ' D o you know a pop band called Running Heads?'
' N o , I've never heard... them.' 25. Newcastle is a large, commer-
cial and industrial city ... a population of about 300,000. I t is ... the
north-east o f England, ... the River Tyne. 26. Is there very much
difference ... the two word processors? 27. I've always wanted my
parents to be proud ... me. 28. People are angry ... the increase ...
food prices. 29. I complained ... the shop assistant ... the hole ...
the sweater. 30. M y parents first went ... Greece ... a short holi-
day ... 1980. 31. She was engaged ... Tom ... a long time but then,
she married someone else! 32. I ' l l see you ... a couple of minutes.
33. You were right ... the party — you said i t would be great fun.

4. For e a c h gap, add a word, or c h o o s e from those given.

Yesterday afternoon I went (...) the airport to meet Pierre who was
coming (...) Paris to spend a few days w i t h me. I arrived (...) the
airport (...) two o'clock, went (...) a waiting room and sat (...).
When it was announced that the plane was an hour late, I decided

146
to go (...) a stroll. I got (...), walked (...) the room and (out/out of/
outside/to) the door. I was just walking (from/away/ along/away
from) the building, when I saw an old friend coming (to/at/to¬
wards/near) me. We chatted for a moment, then went back (in¬
side/into/to/at) and (...) some steps (...) the bar (...) the first floor
directly (on/above/across/ down) the waiting room, where we had
a few drinks, while from time to time aeroplanes roared (on/over/
across/through) our heads.
Suddenly I remembered Pierre. We rushed (...) the steps (...)
the waiting room (under/below/down/outside). (... ) the infor¬
mation desk, I was told that the plane (... ) Paris had arrived 40
minutes earlier. I hurried (... ) the building, got (... ) m y car and
drove rapidly (from/out/ away/away from). When I arrived home
I found Pierre sitting (in/at/on/into) his suitcase (out/out of/un¬
der/outside) m y front door.

5. Put in the m i s s i n g prepositions.

I . Mary didn't like the director. She was annoyed ... h i m . 2. John
is very clever. He's brilliant ... physics and chemistry. 3. I ' m not
sure ... the price, but I think they cost about $6. 4. I t was the
day of the concert, and everybody was busy ... the preparations.
5. I didn't expect to w i n the match. I was quite surprised ... the re-
sult. 6. Smoking is bad ... you. 7. M y friends have been good ... me.
8. Put your complaint ... writing. 9. Mary was pleased ... the exam
results. She had got good marks i n most subjects. 10. He came ...
his bike. 11. I got the information ... the Internet. 12. He thought
the chair was made ... wood but ... his surprise it was all plastic.
13. ... the top left corner of the picture I can see a hill; ... the bot¬
tom o f the hill there is a bicycle. 14. There's a shop ... the corner
of the street that sells vegetables ... morning ... night. 15. ... des-
sert, we had a lovely cake made ... chocolate and almonds. 16. ...
my opinion, you can't go to the party ... a dress ... that. 17. We
waited and waited; ... the end, we decided to go back home. 18. I f
we go there ... the bus, we'll have more time to chat. 19. We live i n

147
a house ... a green door. 20. He is very keen ... golf. 21. We start
a car ... turning the key. 22. You open a t i n ... a t i n opener.
23. School starts ... September 5th. 24. He was driving ... 150 k m
an hour. 25. I waited ... weeks and ... last the letter arrived.
26. ... first I didn't believe what he was saying. 27. I t was only
a short journey but we went ... my car. 28. She was still angry ...
the result. 29. ... general, she has a good life. 30. Everyone was hap-
py ... Elaine. 31. I ' d prefer a cold drink ... a coffee ... the moment.
32. She was ... the phone when I went into the room. 33. There's
no simple solution ... this problem. 34. I was sorry ... poor Mela-
nie. 35. I ' m sorry ... the mistake. 36. I didn't spill my drink ...
purpose. 37. The house next door is ... sale. 38. It's the best h i - f i ...
the market. 39. ... the whole it's a good idea, but there are one or
two problems. 40. It's a long journey. Let's stop somewhere ... the
way and have a meal. 41. Would you m i n d moving? You're rather ...
the way here. 42. There's something I want to listen to ... the radio.
43. You can't make an omelette ... breaking eggs. 44. There was
a big crowd ... the shop waiting ... it to open. 45. David hurt h i m -
self. He fell ... his bicycle. 46. I did the crossword ... five minutes.
47. Sarah works i n here. She uses this room ... her study. 48. Could
you walk thirty miles ... a day? 49. The woman sitting next to me
left the train ... Chesterfield. 50. We spent the whole holiday ...
the beach. 51. I f the plane is late, we won't get to Paris ... time for
our connecting flight. 52. H o w can the buses run ... time with all
these traffic jams? 53. I don't think Branson is capable ... commit-
ting murder. 54. I've never heard ... h i m i n my life. 55. We ran ...
the bridge and then stopped.

6. Put in the m i s s i n g prepositions.

1. I f you go to the USA you need to exchange euros ... dollars .

2. Everyone i n the company got a pay rise . James. 3. She wasn't
polite ... her boss so she lost her job. 4. I ' m afraid ... spiders. Are
you? 5. I didn't know she was married ... him! 6. Are you angry
... what happened? 7. I was delighted ... the present you gave me.

148
8. I t was very nice ... you to do my shopping for me. Thank you
very much. 9. We enjoyed our holiday, but we were a bit disap¬
pointed ... the hotel. 10. I ' m sorry ... what I did. I hope you are
not angry ... me. 11. I wrote ... the hotel complaining ... the poor
service we had received. 12. That's a good idea. W h y didn't I think
... that? 13. His parents don't approve ... what he does, but they
can't stop him. 14. What happened ... the money I lent you? What
did you spend i t ... ? 15. I complimented her ... her English. She
spoke very fluently and her pronunciation was excellent. 16. A few
minutes later, the whole building was ... fire. 17. She does most of
her work ... a computer. 18. They've been ... love ever since they
first met. 19. I ' l l send the information ... email. 20. I can't talk ...
you now. I ' m ... a hurry. 21. Payment can be made ... credit card
or ... cheque but not ... cash. 22. Please complete your personal
details ... capitals. 23. He walked out of the room ... answering me.
24. D i d you take notes ... the lecture? 25. Oh no! M y passport is
... date. 26. These latest figures are ... date. 27. We went ... a coach
tour of Europe. 28. There's a need ... more houses. 29. ... buy¬
ing us dinner last night, he paid . the theatre tickets. 30. You've
been absent ... so many classes that you'll have to repeat the year.
31. We were disappointed ... this restaurant — the service was so
slow. 32. He used such bad language I was really shocked ... what
I heard. 33. Have you heard ... Sarah lately? 34. Can I pay ... Eng¬
lish pounds? 35. We'd like to discuss our conctract with you and
agree ... new terms, i f possible. 36. I was ashamed ... having lied
... her. 37. He's been ... of work ... over six months and can't af-
ford to go ... holiday. 38. Two minutes later we were safely ... the
taxi. 39. We landed ... a small airport. 40. There's a good film ...
the cinema. 41. I t was very cold ... the cinema. 42. We need your
response ... tonight. 43. Scrabster is ... the north coast. 44. They
live ... Coronation street ... number 32. 45. I've left my briefcase ...
the office. I left it ... the chair ... the corner. 46. They live i n Seal,
a small village ... the road ... Folkenstone. 47. They may feel jeal¬
ous ... your success. 48. There's a problem ... his passport. 49. It's
difficult . y o u n g people ... their own. 50. They are getting pretty
fed up ... h i m . 51. I can't stand the heat, I ' m not very used ... it.

149
52. We w i l l always care ... freedom. 53. They agreed ... a plan of
action. 54. ... a few days I felt much better.

7. Put in the m i s s i n g prepositions.

1. M y daughter, Jane, never dreamed ... receiving a letter ... a girl

... her own age ... Holland. Last year, we were travelling ... the
Channel and Jane put a piece ... paper ... her name and ad-
dress ... it ... a bottle. She threw the bottle ... the sea. She never
thought ... i t again, but ten months later, she received a letter
... a girl ... Holland. Both girls write ... each other regularly
now. However, they have decided to use the post office. Letters
w i l l cost a little more, but they w i l l certainly travel faster.

2. The plane was late and detectives were waiting ... the airport
all morning. They were expecting a valuable parcel ... dia¬
monds ... South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told
the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. When
the plane arrived, some ... the detectives were waiting ... the
main building while others were waiting ... the airfield. Two
men took the parcel ... the plane and carried it ... the Customs
House. While two detectives were keeping guard ... the door,
two others opened the parcel. ... their surprise, the precious
parcel was full ... stones and sand!

3. Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, w i l l sail ... Portsmouth

tomorrow. We shall meet h i m ... the harbour early ... the morn¬
ing. He w i l l be ... his small boat, Topsail. Topsail is a famous
little boat. I t has sailed ... the Atlantic many times. Captain
Alison w i l l set out ... eight o'clock, so we shall have plenty of
time. We shall see his boat and then we shall say goodbye ...
him. He w i l l be away ... two months. We are very proud ... h i m .
He w i l l take part ... an important race ... the Atlantic.

4. The Greenwood boys are a group ... populr singers. ... present,
they are visiting all parts ... the country. They w i l l be arriving
150
 here tomorrow. They w i l l be coming ... train and most ... the
young people ... the town w i l l be meeting them ... the station.
Tomorrow evening they w i l l be singing ... the Workers' Club.
The Greenwood Boys w i l l be staying ... five days. ... this stay,
they w i l l give five performances. ... usual, the police w i l l have a
difficult time. They w i l l be trying to keep order. I t is always the
same ... these occasions.

5.

Dear M u m and D a d ,

H e l l o ... Amsterdam! Joe and I arrived ... this fantastic

city two days ago and I thought I ' d write ... y o u to tell
you how great i t is. Yesterday we went ... the Van G o g h
M u s e u m and saw some amazing paintings ... the artist.
We were so impressed ... his work that we stayed ... the
museum ... six hours! We also took a bicycle ride ... the
peaceful streets and I was astonished ... the beauty o f the
houses. I n fact, they reminded me ... home. I've taken
lots o f photographs ... t h e m so you can see for yourself.
This m o r n i n g we met a very nice D u t c h couple and
they've invited us to have dinner ... t h e m tonight. They
live ... a houseboat so the evening should be fun. I just
hope Joe doesn't fall ... the canal - you know how clumsy
he is!
Anyway, we're leaving ... Paris tomorrow afternoon,
so y o u ' l l hear ... us again ... a few days.

Lots o f love,
Carol

151
6.

Dear S i r / M a d a m ,

I ' m writing to complain ... the service, food and p r i c -

es ... your restaurant, The Salmon's Leap.
I t o o k m y friends out ... a birthday treat ... your restau-
rant ... Friday I 6 t h M a y and had an awful meal. The wait-
er showed us ... a table the kitchen and we weren't
able to change ... another one. I t was very noisy and the
waiters were pushing ... us all the t i m e . W h e n the waiter
brought the drinks, he spilled cola ... m y new dress and
ruined i t . M y steak was burnt although I ordered i t me¬
d i u m rare and the coffee ... the end o f the meal was cold.
W h e n I got the b i l l , i t was m u c h more than I expected. I
w o u l d like y o u to pay to clean the dress and apologise ...
spoiling m y special day. I must say, I used to eat regularly
... the Salmon's Leap. I hope that your standards w i l l im¬
prove soon.

Yours faithfully,
Louise Lewis

7. One day a party o f Americans were having dinner ... the Ritz
Hotel ... London. When fish was served some of them began
telling interesting stories ... finding jewels ... fish.
A n old man who had been quietly listening all the time
and saying very little ... last remarked, ' I have heard all your
stories, now I shall tell you one.'
'When I was young,' he went on, ' I worked ... a big firm ...
New York, and as it always happens ... young men I fell ... love ...
a girl and very soon became engaged. About two months ... our
marriage I was suddenly sent ... England ... business. Because

152
 I had a lot o f business there, I stayed ... England somewhat
longer than I had expected, but just ... going home I bought
a beautiful diamond ring, intending to give it ... the girl I was
going to marry. One morning, ... board the liner crossing the
Atlantic I was looking ... an American paper, which somebody
had given me, and saw an announcement ... the girl's marriage
... another man. I got so angry that I threw the ring overboard.
A few days later I was dining ... a restaurant ... New York. Fish
was served and, while eating i t , I felt something hard ... my
teeth, and what do you think it was?'
'The diamond!' exclaimed several of the Americans.
' N o , ' said the old man. ' I t was a fish bone.'

8. Last May Joe and I visited Hawaii, ... the Pacific Ocean. Ha¬
waii is famous ... its beautiful beaches and dark volcanoes. We
went ... a tour of all the islands, which Joe really enjoyed. We
also spent hours lying ... golden beaches. When i t was time to
get ... the plane and go back home, we both felt very sad!

9. When Paul arrived ... London he was very serious ... finding a
job. He asked ... application forms from many companies, and
when several seemed very pleased ... his qualifications he re-
alised that he was going to succeed ... getting a good position.

10. The Mediterranean diet is becoming popular ... people who

care ... their health. Although i t may seem to be high ... calo¬
ries, i t actually has many benefits to people who suffer ... heart
disease and other health problems. I f you want to improve your
health, you shouldn't miss out on this great way of eating.

11. I read ... a strange celebration ... Spain ... which people throw
tomatoes ... each other, making a terrible mess, and compete
... each other to throw the most tomatoes. I t reminded me ...
the celebration ... my village, ... the fifteenth o f May, when
people throw flowers and generally have a lot of fun.

12. M y friend Sally had always dreamed ... becoming an actress,

and the last time I heard ... her she sounded very proud ... her-
self because she'd just got her first part i n a film. It's a film

153
 ... a doctor who is ... danger ... being arrested and put ... bars
because o f a false accusation. I can't wait to see it!

13. A dentist i n Bavaria has been haunted ... a voice which swears
... h i m all the time. The voice comes ... light sockets, washba¬
sins and the telephone. I t is a sharp deep voice which laughs
... the dentist and mocks h i m . The poor dentist is suffer¬
ing ... a bad case o f nerves. Recently, the voice was recorded
and broadcast, so now everyone i n Bavaria is looking ... the
ghost, but so far no one has succeeded ... finding it. People
who don't believe ... ghosts think i t is just a practical joke. The
voice always shouts ... the dentist, but he speaks sweetly ... his
17-year-old assistant, Claudia. But no one can blame Claudia
... the behaviour o f the ghost or accuse her... playing tricks ...
her poor boss. Engineers don't know what to make ... it. 'He's
a technical genius,' one of them said. The ghost has responded
... all this activity by saying, i n a thick Bavarian accent, 'You'll
never get hold ... me!'

14. ... a Thursday evening ... October 1931, ... about eight o'clock,
the ship 'Voyager' sank. The ship had been sailing ... the end o f
September, when she left London, and was ... her way ... Eng¬
land ... Australia. The only survivor was an Englishman called
Wilfred Batty, who saved himself ... swimming two miles.
He spent three years ... an island ... the middle o f the Indian
Ocean.
The island was quite small, and he could walk ... the whole
of it ... an hour. He climbed ... the one hill and put a flag ...
it ... a signal. ... night Batty slept ... a cave, where he felt quite
... home. ... the day, he often fished ... a homemade net. He
cooked the fish ... a wood fire.
Batty stayed ... the island ... almost three years, ... August
1934. A ship was sailing ... the island, and the captain saw Bat-
ty's signal. The sailors found a man ... a long blue coat ... dark
hair and a beard, looking rather ... a gorilla. Batty was soon
home, and a few years later he finally arrived i n Australia ...
air.
154
 ФРАЗОВЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ
(PHRASAL V E R B S )

ask in п р и г л а ш а т ь к о г о - л . п р о й т и (войти) в д о м и т п. to invite

sb to enter the house

Mrs Smith asked me in.

ask out п р и г л а ш а т ь куда-л. to imvite sb to go out w i t h you, es­

pecially as a way of starting a romantic relationship

He's too shy to ask her out.

ask over/round п р и г л а ш а т ь в гости to invite to come and visit

you

I ' l l ask Sylvia Wicks round for a drink.

be against быть п р о т и в to be opposed to (often used w i t h ger¬

und)

I ' m against doing anything t i l l the police arrive.

be away отсутствовать, быть в отъезде to be away from home/

this place for at least a night

You'll have to call again. The director is away on business.

be back вернуться to (have) return (ed)

I have to go now, but I ' l l be back soon.

be down спуститься, быть в н и з у (в столовой) to be downstairs

(no longer upstairs)

Mary's not down yet. ( = She is still upstairs)

155
be for быть за, п о д д е р ж и в а т ь к о г о - л . to be i n favour of (often
used w i t h gerund)
I ' m for doing nothing till the police arrive.

be in быть д о м а , н а работе, в п о м е щ е н и и to be at home/in this

building
Is M r Short in?

be off

1. уходить, отправляться to leave

I must be off.
The train is off.

2. быть с в о б о д н ы м от р а б о т ы to be free from work

I ' m off for the afternoon today.

3. быть о т м е н е н н ы м , а н н у л и р о в а н н ы м to be cancelled
The meeting is off.

4. быть о т к л ю ч е н н ы м (о воде, электричестве и т.п.) to be

no longer on
The electricity was off yesterday.
The water is off.

be on

1. гореть, быть з а ж ж е н н ы м , в к л ю ч е н н ы м (о свете, газе и

т. п.) to be switched on
A l l the lights were on.

2. и д т и (о спектакле, фильме); д е м о н с т р и р о в а т ь с я to be
shown (of films, plays)
What's on at the cinema this week?

be out н е быть д о м а , н а работе; отсутствовать not to be at one's

home, office
He is out at the moment.
156
be over о к о н ч и т ь с я , з а в е р ш и т ь с я to come to an end
The storm is over now; we can go.

be through (with) ( з а ) к о н ч и т ь что-л., п о к о н ч и т ь с ч e м - л . или

к е м - л . to have finished (a relationship, job, etc.)
He is through w i t h his work.
I ' m through w i t h that fellow.

be up

1. встать, п р о с н у т ь с я , быть н а ногах, бодрствовать to be

out of bed
I am always up at seven o'clock.

2. истекать (о сроке) to expire (of time, hoilday, agreement)

The time is up.
M y leave is up.

3. случаться, п р о и с х о д и т ь to be going on
What's up? (=What's the matter?)

break down

1. сломать р а з р у ш и т ь ; сбить to smash down

The workers broke down the old house.

2. сломаться, р а з р у ш и т ь с я , в ы й т и и з строя (о машине и

т. п.) to stop working
The car broke down and I had to phone for help.

break in, break into в р ы в а т ь с я , в л а м ы в а т ь с я to enter by force

Thieves broke i n and stole the silver.

The house was broken into when the owner was ОП holiday.

bring up в о с п и т ы в а т ь , растить to raise, to look after a child

M y aunt brought up her three children without any help.

157
call at (a place) заходить куда-л. to pay a short visit usu. on some
business
I called at the bank and arranged to transfer some money.

call back/phone back/ring back п е р е з в о н и т ь to return a tele¬

phone call
I can't talk to you now. I ' l l call you back i n ten minutes.

call for заходить за (кем-л. или чем-л.) to visit a place to collect

a person or thing
I ' l l call for you at six о 'clock.

call in

1. заходить, заглядывать, завернуть (куда-л.) to visit brief¬

ly; drop in
I was out when he called in.

2. вызывать, приглашать (кого-л. для консультации и т. п.)

to ask sb to come and do sth for you; send for
When he grew worse, he called i n a second doctor.

call off о т м е н я т ь (о встречах, собраниях и т.п.) to cancel

She called off the visit to the doctor.

call on (a person) заходить к к о м у - л . to pay a visit

When did he call on you last?

call round/call over заходить; н а в е щ а т ь , п о с е щ а т ь to make a

short visit to a person or place
D o call round/over when you have the time.

call up / ring up з в о н и т ь п о т е л е ф о н у to make a telephone call

I called h i m up and asked i f he had any news.

check in регистрировать; записывать; р е г и с т р и р о в а т ь с я (в

гостинице, на собрании и. т. п.) to register
I checked i n at the Ramada Hotel.

158
check out отметиться п р и уходе с р а б о т ы п о о к о н ч а н и и
рабочего д н я ; р а с п л а т и т ь с я в г о с т и н и ц е и уехать to strike
off one's name from the register
She checked out o f the hotel and took the train to Paris.

cheer up ободрять, поддерживать; утешать to make sb/sth т о г е

cheerful
She bought strawberries to cheer herself up.

clean out о ч и щ а т ь (путем опорожнения) to clean the inside of

sth thoroughly; clear out
Clean out your desk.
I must clean the fish tank out.

clean up убирать to remove dirt etc. from somewhere; clear up,

tidy up
He always expected other people to clean up after h i m .

clear away убирать (часто со стола ) to remove articles i n order

to make space; tidy away
He cleared away and made coffee.
Brody stood up and began to clear away the soup bowls.

clear out о ч и щ а т ь , убирать to make sth empty and clean by re¬

moving things or throwing things away; clean out
I ' l l clear out this drawer and you can put your things i n it.

clear up убирать, п р и в о д и т ь в п о р я д о к to make sth tidy and

dean; clean up, tidy up
It's time to clear up.
C1ear up your own mess.

come across встречать, находить н е о ж и д а н н о to meet or find

sb/sth by diance
She came across some old photographs i n a drawer.
159
come back в о з в р а щ а т ь с я to return
He came back from the war.

come from (of) п р и н а д л е ж а т ь к, п р о и с х о д и т ь и з to belong to

He comes from (of) a poor family.

come in входить куда-л. to enter a room or house

Somebody knocked on my door and I said, 'Come i n . '

I n the same way you can say go in, walk in, move in, dive in,
break in

come on/come along в грамм. знач. междометия разг. н у - к а , н у

д а в а й used i n orders to tell sb to hurry or to try harder
Come on! We don't have much time. Д а в а й - д а в а й . У н а с
мало времени.
Come on, children, let's have a little quiet. Н у - к а , ребята,
не ш у м и т е .
Come ОП! Try о т х more. Н у давай! С д е л а й е н ^ одну
попытку.

come over/come round зайти н е н а д о л г о , заглянуть (в гости) to

visit sb for a short time
Come over and see us sometime.
Would you like to come round tomorrow evening?

cross out в ы ч е р к и в а т ь to draw a line through

She crossed out three lines.

cut down (a tree) срубить (дерево) to fell it

How much is it going to cost us to cut all these trees down?

cut off

l. р а з ъ е д и н я т ь (по телефону) to disconnect

The telephone operator cut us off before we finished our
conversation.
160
2. отрезать, и з о л и р о в а т ь , в ы к л ю ч а т ь (газ, воду, электричес¬
тво и т.п.) to remove sth, esp. what is at the top; to isolate; to
discontinue supply of gas (water, electricity, etc)
W i l l you kindly cut off a length of this stuff?
We were cut off by the tide.

do up п р и в о д и т ь в п о р я д о к , убирать; р е м о н т и р о в а т ь to repair;
to decorate
When I do this room up I ' l l paint the walls cream.

drop in заходить, заглядывать to visit sb without making any

formal arrangement to do so; call in, drop by, drop round,
look in
He dropped i n for a few minutes to ask i f he could borrow
your power drill.
I ' l l drop round/drop Ь У / drop i n /call i n / look i n /when I've
finished the shopping.

drop in at sb's place but drop in on sb

I thought I ' d drop i n on you while I was passing.
I dropped i n at the library ОП my way to the office.

eat in питаться, столоваться д о м а to have a meal at home rather

than i n a restaurant
'We won't be eating i n tonight,' Susan said.

eat out питаться, столоваться в н е д о м а to have a meal i n a res¬

taurant, etc. rather than at home
D o you feel like eating out tonight?

enter for п р и н и м а т ь участие, участвовать to b е с о m е а compe­

titor / candidate (for a contest, examination, etc.)
Twelve thousand competitors have entered for the next L o n ­
don Marathon.

161
fall down/ sit down/ bend down/ lie down падать / с а д и т ь с я /
наклониться/ ложиться
He fell down and hurt himself badly.

be fed up (with) п р е с ы т и т ь с я , быть с ы т ы м п о горло to be com¬

pletely bored (slang)
I ' m fed up w i t h this wet weather.

fill in/out forms etc. з а п о л н я т ь (бланк, анкету и т.п.) to com¬

plete them
I had to fill i n three forms to get my new passport.

fill up з а п о л н я т ь , н а п о л н я т ь , н а л и в а т ь д о краев to make sth

completely full
F i l l the tank up, please.

find out разузнать, в ы я с н и т ь to discover as a result o f conscious

effort
I haven't found anything out about h i m yet.

get along (with) ладить, находить о б щ и й я з ы к to have a friendly

relationship w i t h sb; get on
He worked hard and was easy to get along with.
The two men get along well.

get away

1. удрать, ускользнуть, улизнуть to succeed i n leaving the

place
The prisoner got away.

2. отправиться, в ы б р а т ь с я отдохнуть to go on holiday

We're hoping to get away for a few days at Easter.
162
get back

1. вернуться to return
When w i l l he get back?

2. получить назад to have sth back

How can I get my books back?

get down to серьезно заняться (чем-л.), п р и с т у п и т ь (к чему-л.)

We must get down to work again.

Get down to peeling potatoes!

get in (into)

1. входить, влезать to go inside a car, house, or room

Never get i n (to) a stranger's car.

2. п р и б ы в а т ь , п р и х о д и т ь to arrive
The train got i n late.
What time do you get into Heathrow?

get off слезать, вылезать, сходить to leave a bus, train or plane

When the train stopped, he got off.

He got off his bicycle.

get on сесть в автобус, в поезд, в самолет to enter a bus, a train,

a plane

Н е got on the train for Oxford.

Some new passengers were getting on.

get on (with)

1. делать успехи, преуспевать to make progress, to be suc¬

cessful
How are you getting on? — Fine, thank you.
I must get on w i t h my work.
163
 2. ладить, быть в х о р о ш и х о т н о ш е н и я х to b е ОП good
terms; get along
I've always got ОП very well w i t h my colleagues.
She and her sister have never really got on.

get out (of) выходить, вылезать, в ы с а ж и в а т ь с я to leave a place

When the plane landed, he was the first to get out.
We got out of the car.

get over

1. преодолевать (трудность, препятствие) to find a way o f

dealing w i t h a problem or difficulty
M y pride was hurt, but I ' l l get over it.

2. о п р а в и т ь с я от б о л е з н и to recover from an illness

I ' m glad to hear you have got over your cold.

get through (to) cвязаться п о т е л е ф о н у to succeed i n contacting

sb on the telephone
I phoned you several times but couldn't get through.
Get me through to Paris at once.

get up вставать, п о д н и м а т ь ( с я ) to rise after sitting, kneeling,

etc.; stand up
The class got up when the teacher came i n .
Get the children up.

give away отдавать, давать; раздавать (дары, призы) to give sth

to sb as a gift
I ' l l give this old coat away.

give back в о з в р а щ а т ь to return sth to its owner

I must call at the library to give back this book.

164
give in

1. подавать, вручать (заявление, отчет, счет и т.п.) to

hand over sth to sb i n authority; hand in
Please give your work i n before Monday.

2. сдаваться, уступать to surrender

Her father finally gave i n and allowed her to go to the dis¬
co.

give out раздавать, распределять to distribute; hand out

Large sheets of paper were given out.

give up

1. о т к а з ы в а т ь с я (от работы, предложения и т.п.); оста­

вить, бросить п р и в ы ч к у to stop doing sth; to stop a habit
Sue got bored w i t h her work and decided to give i t up.
You should give up smoking.

2. п р и з н а т ь п о р а ж е н и е , сдаться, уступить to surrender;

give in
I give up — tell me the answer.
The escaped prisoner gave himself up.

go about/ (a)round х о д и т ь , гулять to wander, to walk about

The tourists went about/(a)round London.

go away/off уходить, уезжать to leave

Go away and think about it, then let me know.
He went off i n a great hurry.

I n the same way you can say:

walk away/off, run away/off, fly away/off, drive away/off, ride
away/off, etc.

165
go back в о з в р а щ а т ь с я to return
I went back to the kitchen and poured my coffee.

I n the same way you can say walk back, come back, get back,
etc.

go in входить to enter
Let's go i n and have some coffee.
She went into the bedroom and shut the door.

go in for з а н и м а т ь с я ч e м - л . , увлекаться to be especially inter¬

ested i n ; to practise, to enter (for a competition)
M y brother goes i n for tennis.

go on

1. и д т и д а л ь ш е , п р о д о л ж а т ь путь to continue to travel or

move i n a particular direction
I went on up the hill.
I n the same way you can say walk on, move on, drive on,
ride on, etc.

2. п р о д о л ж а т ь to continue an activity without stopping

He said nothing but just went on working.
That's enough for now — let's go on w i t h it tomorrow.

3. п р о и с х о д и т ь , случаться to happen, to take place

When I asked what was going on, she refused to say any¬
thing.

4. в к л ю ч а т ь с я , загораться (о свете) to begin operating

The lights went on.

166
go out

1. выходить (из помещения) to leave a room, building, or

other place
She said 'goodbye' and went out.

I n the same way you can say walk out, move out, climb out, get
out, fly out, etc.

2. бывать в обществе, ходить в театры, н а к о н ц е р т ы to j o i n

i n social life; leave one's house for entertainments, etc.
She goes out a lot.

3. (with) п р о в о д и т ь в р е м я , встречаться
1) Tom has been going out w i t h К М е for six weeks;
2) They've b е е n going out (together) for two years.

4. погаснуть to stop burning (of a fire, a light, etc.); go off

The lights went out.

go over/go (a)round разг. п о й т и , сходить; сбегать (куда-л.)

to visit sb for a short time
I ' m just going over to his office for a minute.
I ' l l go round and see N e l l later.

go up/come up/walk up (to ...) п р и б л и ж а т ь с я , подходить to ap¬

proach
He went up to her and asked her something.
A man came up to me i n the street and asked me for
пюпеу.

go with соответствовать, г а р м о н и р о в а т ь to match, to suit

Your handbag should go w i t h your gloves and shoes.

grow up вырастать, с т а н о в и т ь с я в з р о с л ы м to develop into an

adult
Their children have all grown up and left home now.

167
hand in вручать, подавать to give by hand; give in
We handed i n our papers w i t h the bell.

hand out раздать to distribute; give out

The teacher handed out our tests.

hang on/hold on ожидать (часто у телефона), н е класть трубку

to wait (especially on the telephone)
Hang on for a moment!
Excuse me, sir, hold on — M r Smith w i l l speak to you.

hang up п о л о ж и т ь т е л е ф о н н у ю трубку; п р е к р а т и т ь телефон¬

н ы й разговор to end a phone call and put back the receiver;
ring off
Hang up your receiver.
' G o o d night.' He hung up (the phone).

have on быть одетым (во что-л.) to be wearing sth

She had a red jacket on.
She had nothing ( = n o clothes) on.

hold up останавливать, задерживать (уличное движение, рабо¬

ту и т.п.) to stop, to delay
A n accident is holding up traffic.

keep on п р о д о л ж а т ь н а с т о й ч и в о делать что-л. to continue, to

go on doing sth
Why do the dogs keep on barking?

knock down/knock over сбить (c н о г ) , свалить to hit and make

them fall to the ground
She was knocked down by a car.

let sb down подвести, п о к и н у т ь в беде to fail to help or support

sb as they had hoped or expected
D o n ' t worry — I won't let you down this time, I promise.

168
look after присматривать, ухаживать, заботиться to take
care o f
W i l l you look after my parrot while I ' m away?

look for и с к а т ь to search

She is always looking for her keys.

look forward to п р е д в к у ш а т ь (что-л.); ожидать (чего-л.) с

удовольствием to expect w i t h pleasure
I am looking forward to her arrival/ to seeing her.

look through п р о с м о т р е т ь , п р о б е ж а т ь (глазами) to examine or

read sth quickly
She looked through her notes before the exam.

look up и с к а т ь что-л. в словаре, с п р а в о ч н и к е , н а в о д и т ь справ¬

к и look for information i n a dictionary or reference book
Look this word up i n the dictionary.

make up с о ч и н я т ь , п р и д у м ы в а т ь to invent a story (excuse, ex¬

planation)
I don't believe your story at all. I think you are just making
it up.

move in вьезжать (в квартиру) to start to live i n your new home

Our new neighbours moved i n yesterday.

move out сьезжать (с к в а р т и р ы ) to leave your old home

We shall move out next week.

pay back в о з в р а щ а т ь д е н ь г и to repay

They w i l l pay you back next week.

pick up

1. п о д н и м а т ь , п о д б и р а т ь to raise or lift a person or thing,

usually from the ground or from a table or chair
He picked up the book from the floor.
169
 2. заезжать, заходить (за кем-л, чем-л) to cal1 for, to take sb
i n your car
M y dad is going to pick me up from the party at midnight.

pull down с н о с и т ь to destroy a building completely

The old building was pulled down.

put away убирать, прятать to put sth i n the plасе where it is kept
I ' l l just put the car away.
Put away your toys!

put down

1. класть, ставить (на стол, пол и т.п.) to stop holding sth

and place it on а table, shelf, etc.
Put that knife down before you hurt somebody!

2. з а п и с ы в а т ь to write, to put on paper; write down, take

down
The meeting is on the 22nd. Put it down i n your diary.

put off откладывать д е л о , встречу to postpone, to delay

We'll have to put off our trip, I ' m afraid.

put on

1. надевать to dress oneself i n

Put your coat on. It's cold outside.

2. запускать, включать, п р и в о д и т ь в д е й с т в и е to switch on

a piece of equipment
He put on the light.

put out т у ш и т ь , гасить to stop sth from burning

Firefighters soon put the fire out.

170
put through (to) с о е д и н я т ь (по телефону) to connect by tele¬
phone
Put me through to the hotel.

put up

1. выставлять, в ы в е ш и в а т ь (объявление) to fix up a notice,

sign, etc. for public view
I put some pictures up on the wall.

2. о с т а н а в л и в а т ь с я (в гостинице и т.п.); давать п р и ю т ,

п р и н и м а т ь гостей to stay for a time; to let sb stay at your
house
We put up at a motel.
A friend i n Prague put me up for a couple o f nights.

put up with терпеть, м и р и т ь с я to bear patiently

I can't put up w i t h all this noise!

run away yбегать to move quickly and farther from a place or per¬
son; run off
He ran away without telling me the news.

run down сбить, н а с к о ч и т ь н а к о г о - л . to knock someone down

by running into h i m w i t h a vehicle; knock down, knock over;
run over
The careless motorist ran down two small children.

run into (sb/sth)

1. н а с к о ч и т ь , встретить случайно to meet unexpectedly;
run across, come across, bump into
Guess who I ran into today!
He had not seen h i m for two days when he ran across h i m
at the Palace.
2. столкнуться to collide w i t h sth
He ran his car into a tree.
171
run out (of) и с ч е р п а т ь запасы; и с с я к н у т ь , к о н ч и т ь с я to reach
the end ( o f a supply)
We've run out of sugar — w i l l you buy some today?
Could I have a cigarette? I seem to have run out.

see off п р о в о ж а т ь (отъезжающих) to accompany a traveller to

his/her train, plane, etc.
We went to the station to see them off.

sell out обыкн. passive р а с п р о д а т ь to be all sold

This week's performances are completely sold out.

set off/out отправиться, тронуться в путь to start on a journey

We set off early to avoid the traffic.
They set out early the next morning.

settle down п о с е л я т ь с я , устраиваться, усаживаться to become

accustomed to, and contented i n a new place, job, etc.
The family settled down i n Sussex.

show (a)round/take (a)round с о п р о в о ж д а т ь к о г о - л . в о в р е м я

осмотра; п о к а з ы в а т ь к о м у - л . город, выставку и т.п. to be
a guide to sb when they visit a place for the first time
Let me show you around the new building.
We were taken round the city by a guide.

speak up говорить в н я т н о и отчетливо; говорить я с н о и

г р о м к о to speak more loudly
Please speak up — we can't hear у o u at the back.

stay in те выхoдить, оставаться д о м а to stay indoors, not to go

out
She had to stay i n and do the dishes.

stay out отсутствовать, н е в о з в р а щ а т ь с я д о м о й to continue to

be outdoors or away from your house at night
We stayed out all night.
172
stay up з а с и ж и в а т ь с я д о п о з д н а (не л о ж и т ь с я спать) to go to
bed later than usual

I stayed up until two last night.

switch off в ы к л ю ч а т ь т о к to stop an electrical device by pressing

a switch; turn off, turn out
He switched the radio off.

switch on в к л ю ч а т ь to start an electrical device by pressing a

switch; turn on
He ran up the stairs and switched on the light on the land¬
ing.

take after п о й т и в кого-л.; быть п о х о ж и м н а к о г о - л . to look

or behave like an older member of your family, especially your
mother or father
Helen takes after her mother.

take away убирать, у н о с и т ь to remove

Take away the garbage.
He took away the key.

take back отводить, отвозить to return

The boatman w i l l take us back.

take down

1. с н и м а т ь (со стены, с полки и т.п.) to get sth from a high

place
He took down a volume of verse.
She took down a suitcase from the top of the wardrobe and
opened it.

2. з а п и с ы в а т ь (под диктовку), с т е н о г р а ф и р о в а т ь ; put

down, write down
Reporters took down every word of his speech.

173
take for п р и н и м а т ь за к о г о - л . to mistake sb for sb
O f course I didn't do it! Who do you take me for?
I took the man w i t h h i m for his father.

take off

1. взлетать, отрываться от з е м л и или в о д ы to leave the

ground and begin to fly
The plane takes off at six.

2. с н и м а т ь одежду to remove clothes

Take off your coats and come i n .

take out п р и г л а с и т ь , п о в е с т и (в кино, театр и т.п.) to go to a

restaurant, theatre, club, etc. w i t h sb you have invited
He never takes me out.

take to

1. п р и в ы к н у т ь , п р и с т р а с т и т ь с я к чему-л. to develop a habit,

to show a liking for
They've taken to skating together.

2. п р и в я з а т ь с я к к о м у - л . ; п о л ю б и т ь к о г о - л . to form a lik¬
ing for
Our dog always takes to children quickly.

take up браться (за что-л.), з а н и м а т ь с я (neM-л.) to start

doing sth
He took up golf and became very keen on it.
He's taken up jogging i n order to lose weight.

talk over обсуждать ( п о д р о б н о ) ; д и с к у т и р о в а т ь to discuss

Talk it over w i t h your wife and give me your answer tomor¬
row.

throw away в ы к и н у т ь to get r i d of sth that you no longer want or

need; throw out
I threw away all the broken cups and plates.
174
think over обдумывать, п р о д у м ы в а т ь , в з в е ш и в а т ь to consider
sth carefully
I wanted to think over one or two business problems.

try on п р и к и н у т ь , п р и м е р и т ь to put on an article of clothing to

see i f it fits
I like this dress. Could I try i t оп?

turn back в о з в р а щ а т ь с я , повернуть обратно to return to the

place you came from
The snow started to fall, so we turned back.

turn down

1. убавлять, у м е н ь ш а т ь (звук, свет, газ и т.п.) to reduce

the volume, heat, noise, etc.
Please, turn the volume down.

2. отвергать, о т к л о н я т ь , отказывать to refuse an offer

Why did she turn down your invitation?

turn off в ы к л ю ч а т ь (радио, газ), гасить (свет), закрывать

(кран) to stop the flow of electricity, gas,water, etc. by moving
a switch, button, etc; switch off, turn out
Turn the gas fire off when you leave the room.
He must have turned off the radio.

turn on в к л ю ч а т ь (газ, радио, рубильник), зажигать, в к л ю ч а т ь

(свет) to start the flow of electricity, gas, water, etc. by moving
a switch, button, etc.; switch on
I ' l l turn the television on.
She turned on the shower.

turn over переворачивать(ся) to change position so that the other

side is facing outwards or upwards
He turned the novel over to see the title.
She turned over and went back to sleep.
175
turn out
1. гасить (свет), в ы к л ю ч а т ь (газ), з а к р ы в а т ь (кран); switch
off, turn off
Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed.

2. оказаться prove to be
It turned out that she was a friend o f my sister.
The job turned out to be harder than we thought.

turn (a)round оборачиваться, п о в о р а ч и в а т ь с я to move i n the

opposite direction
She turned round and whispered something to her friend.

turn to (sb) o б р а щ а т ь с я к к о м у - л . to ask someone for something

such as help, advice or information

He turned to his brother for help.

I have no other friend to turn to.

turn up
1. п р и б а в л я т ь (газ, свет), усиливать (звук) to increase the
sound, heat,etc.
I can't hear the radio. Can you turn i t up?

2. н е о ж и д а н н о п о я в л я т ь с я , находиться, о б н а р у ж и в а т ь с я
to appear, to arrive, to be found by chance; show up
D o n ' t worry about the letter — I ' m sure i t ' l l turn up.
He turned up with a friend of his.

wake up п р о с ы п а т ь с я ; будить (кого-л.) to stop sleeping; to

make sb stop sleeping
What time do you usually wake up i n the morning?
Try not to wake the baby up.

wash up м ы т ь посуду to wash dishes after a meal

I didn't wash up the pans.

176
• Practice

Combinations with ask, be, break and bring

1. Fill in the correct particle.

I . Sometimes the neighbours ask me ... for a cup of tea. 2. He asked

me ... to see what they had done i n the garden. 3. They never ask
me ... to their place. 4. Brian asked Judy ... to dinner and a movie.
5. I f someone comes to the door don't ask them ... . 6. What i f
he asks you ... for the evening? 7. I've asked Steve ... for a cup of
coffee. 8. Thieves broke ... the shop. 9. Burglars broke ... while we
were away. 10. We had to break ... the house as we had lost the key.
I I . We (=the car) broke ... on the motorway. 12. M y grandparents
brought me ... after my parents died. 13. M u m ' s T V has broken
... . 14. She was brought ... to believe certain things. 15. The water
floods their homes or breaks ... the walls. 16. Offices were broken
... and files removed. 17. The rain is almost ... . Let's go for a walk.
18. M r Morgan is ... . We expect h i m to return on Friday. 19. Is
M r Desert ... ? 20. I ' m sorry but Jack is ... . Can I take a message?
21. Mary is not ... yet. (She is still upstairs) 22. Is Helen ... ? — N o ,
she's ... and won't be ... till nine o'clock. 23. I ' m ... w i t h Jack; he's
so selfish. 24. I couldn't type the report yesterday because the elec-
tricity was ... . 25. When I arrived, the lights were ... , but nobody
was at home. 26. What's ... ? — The telephone system has broken
... . 27. Your time is ... . Hand i n your papers, please. 28. She is ...
seeing h i m . 29. He was ... on business. 30. That documentary is ...
T V tonight but I don't know which channel it is ... . 31. I ' l l be ...
on Friday. 32. The wedding is ... . 33. Call me as soon as you are
... with your homework. 34. The lamp has been ... since eleven.
35. It's getting late. I must be ... . 36. A l l is ... . 37. His contract
is ... at the end of the season. 38. We are ... the proposal to build
a swimming pool. 39. We're ... to Florida on Tuesday. The flight
leaves at ten o'clock. 40. Susan is . until lunchtime. She's got
a dental appointment at 11 a.m. 41. Is anything ... ? You can tell
me. 42. Is he ... yet? — Yes, he is ... (out of bed) and ... (from the

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dressing room). 43. The referee blew his whistle indicating that
the time was ... . 44. Neither Young Jolyon nor his wife were ... .
45. Arthur knew she was worried even before she spoke. Some¬
thing is ... , he told himself. 46. The radio was ... the whole day.
47. The brakes are ... . 48. I've been ... with h i m all night. 49. She's
... today. We can go to the country. 50. Many people are ... the new
law. 51. I ' l l be ... i n an hour.

Combinations with call, check, cheer, clean,

clear, come, cross and cut

2. Fill in the correct particle.

I . Tom often calls . . us without warning. 2. Jane called ...

Helen to give her some money. 3. The ship w i l l call ... several
ports. 4. Your father is very i l l . You should call ... a doctor. 5. I've
called . to report what I've done. 6. We called ... the bakery on
the way home. 7. They all came ... well-off families. 8. He wanted
me to come ... for lunch. 9. A few friends came ... last night which
was a pleasant surprise. 10. H called ... to say he was feeling well.
I I . W i l l you call the kids ... for lunch? 12. D o n ' t call. Come ... .
About eleven. 13. I n the morning I called ... the butcher's and
bought some beef. 14. Call ... the police. 15. Call me ... ! 16. When
did he last call you . ? 17. We shan't have school today . The
mayor called classes ... because of the snow. 18. I shall make some
enquiries and call you ... . 19. As soon as I got to the airport I
checked ... . 20. (at a hotel) What time do we have to check ... ?
21. I ' l l call ... . 22. I come ... York, a beautiful city i n the north of
England. 23. Come ... , hurry up! You should have finished long
ago. 24. I love this painting. I came ... i t i n the attic when I was
cleaning . . 25. Jill is depressed at the moment. What can we do
to cheer her ... ? 26. Come ... , Andy, give us a smile. Everything
is going to be O K . 27. Are you ever coming ... home? 28. Paul
called the wedding ... because he wasn't i n love w i t h his fiancee.
29. Give me your phone number and I ' l l call you ... when I ' m

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i n town. 30. She called ... last Wednesday to see our new house.
31. Who is going to clear ... the mess? 32. He cleaned the room ...
before leaving. 33. Come ... the house. 34. The boy crossed ... the
word 'weather' and wrote 'whether'. 35. He cut ... the tree w i t h an
enormous axe. 36. He was talking on the telephone. The operator
cut h i m ... . 37. I didn't pау the bill, the gas was cut ... . 38. I've
never come ... anything like this before. 39. I left lots o f messages
for Sue, but she never called me ... . 40. A l l the passengers have
been checked ... now. 41. The farm is often completely cut ... i n
the winter. 42. I t was nearly twelve by the time she checked . .
the Hilton. 43. Tom asked Melanie to come ... . 44. Come ... !
Tell me what happened. 45. She wasn't i n when I phoned the first
time, so I called her ... later. 46. You have to clear ... the kitchen
sideboards from time to time, don' t you? 47. Go and clear ... your
room. 48. ' I got out the vacuum cleaner' she said, 'to clear ... that
pile o f dust i n the studio.' 49. D o n ' t bother to clear ... . I ' l l do
it myself. 50. There'll be plenty of room i n that closet when it's
cleared ... . 51. I was too tired to clear ... . 52. When you cook,
could you please tidy ... after yourself ? 53. Can you tidy ... your
clothes, please?

Combinations with do, drop, eat, enter, fall,

feed, fill and find

3. Fill in the correct particle.

I . D i d you find ... anything about the family? 2. Simply fill ... this
questionnaire and return i t to us by post. 3. I keep emptying the
box, but you keep filling i t ... again. 4. You'll never find ... my se­
cret! 5. I ' m fed ... with your grumbling. 6. Let's stay at home and
eat ... tonight. I don't want to go out. 7. The old oak tree i n the
garden fell ... i n the storm. 8. He fully intends to enter ... the race.
9. The house was i n bad condition and they had to do it . before
they could live there. 10. The room was done ... for the visitors.
I I . I f you're i n town next month, we'd love to see you. Please try

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to drop ... . 12. I dropped her during the afternoon. 13. Could
you drop the supermarket for some milk? 14. Let's eat ...
tonight. D o you know any good restaurants? 15. That tax form is
very complicated. D o you need any help filling it ... ? 16. You must
fill the car ... with petrol before we go. 17. I don't know the answer
to that question, but I ' l l find ... for you. 18. I ' m fed ... w i t h his lazi¬
ness and carelessness. 19. The fridge is almost empty! I only filled
it ... last week! 20. I might drop ... for tea some time this week.
21. During the play, some o f the stage fell ... and hit one of the
actors on the head. 22. The flat needs doing ... . 23. 100 children
entered ... the competition. 24. The house doesn't look very nice
now but when we've done it ... i t w i l l be fantastic. 25. He has filled
... the job application form. 26. Could you fill ... this jug with water
for the flowers, please? 27. Take the car to the garage and fill i t ... .
28. I've just found ... that it's Helen's birthday today. 29. He did ...
the house and sold it.

Combinations with get

4. Fill in the correct particle.

1. We had a lovely holiday. We got ... for a few days on the beach.
2. I f everybody is here, let's get business. 3. He's always the
last to arrive. He never gets ... before 9.30. 4. The bus driver w i l l
tell you where to get ... . 5. I get ... very well with my younger
brother. 6. We were locked i n the room. There was no way to get
... . 7. I t took h i m more than two years to get . the death o f his
mother. 8. Sue managed to get . . the man and call the police.
9. I never lend books because I never get them ... . 10. I tried your
telephone number several times but I couldn't get ... . 11. D o you
know when Fred's plane gets ...? 12. The bus was so full that we
couldn't even get ... it. 13. The bus stopped and three people got
... it. 14. I get most of the teachers except M r Mills. 15. He's
new but he's getting ... fine. 16. They arrived at the stadium i n
good time but they still couldn't get ... . 17. I ' m really tired this

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morning. I didn't get . until after midnight last night. 18. I t took
Mary a long time to get ... her illness. 19. He opened the door so I
could get ... the car. 20. H o w is Tom getting his new book?
21. We'll probably get ... about noon. 22. H o w does Gina get
her colleagues? 23. Get . . your work! 24. A t last I managed to
get one of the managers. 25. Jones was trying to get ... when
he was shot i n the back. 26. She is very upset now, but she w i l l get
... it. 27. He pulled up at the bank and got the car. 28. You'l1
have to get ... much earlier than usual tomorrow. 29. Get me ... at
6. 30. He would like to get ... to his old job. 31. I don't think we
can get ... until the end o f the month. We are very busy. 32. Her
mobile phone rang as she was getting ... the train. 33. I think this
bus goes to the city centre. Shall we get ...? 34. She is not getting ...
very well with her parents at the moment. 35. He is getting ... very
well ... his Englisn. 36. I had a lot to do i n the office and didn't get
... t i l l eight. 37. She w i l l get ... her shyness. 38. H o w is he getting ...
at school? 39. D o n ' t worry about the snake. It's i n a box. I t can't
get ... . 40. He is just getting ... a bad heart attack. 41. I rang her
ten times. I didn't get ... until almost seven i n the evening. 42. We
spent the whole day i n the hills and didn't get ... t i l l dark.

Combinations with give

5. Fill in the correct particle.

1. He gave . all his books to friends, before he left. 2. I still have

your book at home. I must remember to give it ... to you. 3. He gave
... playing football at the weekends because he didn't have enough
time. 4. We made invitations and gave them . to our friends 5. D o
you still smoke? You should really give you know. 6. I t doesn't
matter what you say, he w i l l never give ... . 7. The papers were
given ... and we had an hour to do the test. 8. The robber went to
the police station and gave himself . . 9. I t was so difficult that
she tempted to give it all ... . 10. She gave ... most of her clothes to
the poor. 11. Please give your examination papers . to the teacher

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when you have finished. 12. I have to give these skates ... to Jack
before his hockey game. 13. I can't believe you just gave those
tickets ... . 14. I gave ... drinking coffee because it kept me awake
all night. 15. Every time he borrows money from me, he never
gives it ... . 16. Over one m i l l i o n dollars have been given ... since
the T V show began. 17. I n the end I gave ... and admitted that
he was right. 18. They were standing i n the street giving leaflets
... to passers-by. 19. D o n ' t forget to give ... your exercise-books.
20. N i c k tried to fix the car but gave ... the attempt after about ten
minites. 21. He is not going to give ... and change his mind. 22. I n
the end he gave . trying to explain i t all to me.

Combinations with go

6. Fill in the correct particle.

1. He went ... without saying a word. 2. M y sister has been going ...
w i t h Tom for three months. I think it is quite serious. 3. Please go
... . I ' d like to be alone for a while. 4. She became more and more
talkative as the evening went ... . 5. There was a power cut and all
the lights went ... . 6. The light goes ... automatically. 7. Please go
... playing; I like it. 8. Go ... with the treatment. I t is doing you
good. 9. She is always indoors; she doesn't go ... much. 10. It's
getting late. I think I should go ... home now. 11. I said that I ' d go
... and see her during the weekend. 12. The light went ... and we
were left i n the dark. 13. I could never go . . mountaineering.
It's not my kind o f sport. 14. Put some coal on the fire before i t
goes ... . 15. We're are going ... for a meal. D o you want to come?
16. You should buy this shirt. I t w i l l go well ... your brown suit.
17. I can't go ... working so hard. I ' m going to make myself i l l .
18. What's going ... outside? There's a lot o f noise. 19. Most o f
the audience had left i n the interval, but the actors decided to go
the show. 20. The tourists went ... the gallery. 21. They've
gone ... for a few days. 22. The match went ... , so he l i t another
one. 23. Jenny usually goes ... with her friends on Friday evenings.

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24. I know things seem bad, but life must go ... . 25. You can't
go ... lying to h i m . 26. Something strange was going ... and I want¬
ed to know what i t was. 27. She went . . the baking competition
and won first prize. 28. H o w long have you and Anthony been
going ...? 29. He went ... i n a great hurry 30. Go ... till you come
to the crossroads. 31. I t wasn't until Friday evening that I was
able to go ... to Clive's house. 32. Can we go ... to Ann's today?
33. I went ... to Clem where he sat smoking. 34. She's going ...
w i t h her best friend's brother. 35. She didn't knock on the door.
She just went ... .

Combinations with grow, hand, hang, have,

hold, keep, knock and let

7. Fill in the correct particle.

1. This is the town where I grew ... . 2. They kept ... looking for
the little girl until it got too dark. 3. I was held ... i n the traffic for
nearly two hours. 4. Could you hold ... please while I see i f he's
available? 5. The number you dialled is busy. Please hang ... and
try again. 6. He never lets anybody ... . 7. He kept ... staring at me.
8. I ' m sorry to be so slow. A m I holding people ... ? 9. A man was
knocked ... by a car and taken to hospital. 10. When he missed that
penalty, he felt he'd let the team ... . 11. H o l d ... a minute. I need
to get my coat. 12. You must all hand ... your projects at the end
of next week. 13. I said goodbye and hung ... . 14. D o n ' t worry.
I won't let you ... this time, I promise. 15. I handed ... my resig¬
nation. 16. He was standing at the door o f the theatre handing .
leaflets. 17. Yes, M t Pitt is in. I f you hold ... for a moment I ' l l get
h i m for you. 18. M r Jones asked me to hold ... while he spoke to his
secretary. 19. I had ... a pair ofjeans and a T-shirt. 20. Let's hold
... for a few seconds and see i f anyone else is coming. 21. Someone
handed this parcel ... yesterday. 22. M y application was held ...
by the postal strike. 23. Could you hand these books please?
24. You've seen my black dress. I had it ... yesterday. 25. As soon as

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he hung ... the phone, i t rang again. 26. These old houses are go¬
ing to be knocked ... . 27. I ' m afraid she let us ... badly. 28. John's
not home yet. He must have been held ... at the office. 29. Hang ...
a minute. 30. He knocked his opponent ... three times i n the first
round. 31. Although he failed his exam, he kept ... studying and
retook i t i n May. 32. They grew ... i n the early days o f television.
33. She didn't have any lipstick ... , which was unusual. 34. Car¬
rol's mother told her she had talked long enough on the phone
and made her hang ... . 35. I don't know what happened. She just
hung ... i n the middle of the conversation!

Combinations with look, make, move, pay, pick,

and pull

8. Fill in the correct particle.

1. He was sixteen, and he felt that he was old enough to look .

himself. 2. Jack looked ... his name on the list but couldn't find it.
3. I don't like reading English newspapers because there are too
many words that I need to look ... . 4. He looked ... the timetable.
Yes, the Lima flight left at 10.00. 5. I ' m quite looking see-
ing Rick again. 6. Are you still looking ... a job? 7. Joe's looking
... their number i n the phone book. 8. Are you looking the
wedding? 9. M y sister is very i l l and is being looked ... by our par¬
ents. 10. I only use the Internet as a resource for looking ... useful
information. 11. I decided to give half my clothes away when I had
looked ... them. 12. I had to look several words ... i n the dictionary.
13. She loves singing and even makes ... her own songs. 14. I've
got a new flat. I ' m moving ... on Wednesday. 15. Eve isn't living i n
this flat any more. She moved . a few weeks ago. 16. Liz dropped
her keys, so she leant . and picked them ... . 17. D i d he ever pay
you ... $100 he owes you? 18. They pulled ... a lot o f houses when
they built the new ring road around. 19. I ' m working late tonight.
I can't pick you ... until eight. 20. You can pay ... the loan over a
period o f three years. 21. I f the baby starts crying, pick h i m ... .

184
22. I don't believe you. You've made the whole story. 23. We
were the first family to move ... that area. 24. People began moving
the neighbourhood. 25. The fellow that lived there moved ...
without a trace. 26. The council said i t would close the flats and
pull them . . 27. Shall I pick you ... from work today? 28. I've
looked ... my pockets but I can't find my keys anywhere.

Combinations with put

9. Fill in the correct particle.

1. I stopped writing and put ... my pen. 2. I ' m not going to put ...
... their smoking any longer. 3. Here is my telephone number. Re-
member to put it ... . 4. You'd better put ... the cakes before I eat
them all. 5. Put the lights ... when you leave i n the evening, please.
6. She put her glasses ... . 7. These posters were put ... all over the
area. 8. I didn't manage to put ... everything the lecturer said. 9. It's
dark here. Can you put . the light, please? 10. She put ... a large
sign outside her house. 11. A l l the hotels are full — can you put me
... for the night? 12. It's freezing. Put the heater ... . 13. H o w do
you put all this noise? 14. H o l d ... . I ' l l put you ... . I5. Shall I
put the fire . ? 16. They were going to start building, but the work
has been put ... again. 17. Stop playing and put your toys ... now.
18. The police told the robbers to put . their guns. 19. I always
put my work ... until the last minute. 20. D o n ' t forget to put a tie
... . 21. The receptionist couldn't put me ... because the line was
engaged. 22. We put ... at the Grand Hotel. 23. I f you keep putting
... going to the doctor it w i l l only make things worse. 24. I w i l l not
put . . your bad temper any longer! I've had enough. 25. Can
you put me ... to M r Smith, please? 26. The building caught fire
but the firemen soon put i t ... . 27. I ' l l put your name ... on the list.
28. The meeting has been put . t i l l next week. 29. We can put you
... on the sofa. 30. Please don't leave i t here, put i t ... . 31. After I
had put the phone ... , I remembered why I ' d called you. 32. Some
couples put ... having children until they are older. 33. I can't re-
member Tom's address. I put it but I can't find it.

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 Combinations with run, see, sell, set, settle,
show, speak, stay and switch

10. Fill in the correct particle.

1. After breakfast they set ... up the mountain. 2. When I was park-
ing I ran ... a post. 3. He's i n hospital. He was run ... by a car
last night. 4. We ran shampoo so I had to wash my hair with
soap. 5. W h y was the project stopped? — Because funds ran ... .
6. I was walking down Regent Street the other day when I ran .
my old German teacher. 7. He ran . from home at the age of thir¬
teen. 8. She was surprised when everybody came to say goodbye
and see her ... at the airport. 9. They quickly got i n the car and
set ... down the road. 10. Has anyone shown you ... yet? 11. As I
was leaving, my mother told me not to stay ... too late. 12. He is
beginning to settle ... at school. 13. The performance was com¬
pletely sold ... . 14. You'll have to speak ... . I ' m afraid Mrs New¬
ton is rather deaf. 15. We didn't go out. We stayed ... and watched
T V yesterday evening. 16. We stayed ... all night and took the sub¬
way home as people were going to work. 17. Is there any more
wine? — I think it's run ... . 18. The bus went out o f control and
ran ... a line ofpeople. 19. I ' m going to travel for six months before
settling ... with a career. 20. A man banged on his door to tell h i m
to switch ... . 21. I was crossing the road when a car nearly ran me
... . 22. They had sold . ... milk by 9. 23. I ran ... an old school-
friend at the mall. 24. Time is running ... and we still have lots to
do. 25. When she left for Paris her parents saw her ... at the station.
26. I was showing a group of visitors ... the school. 27. He was w i l d
i n his youth but now he has settled ... . 28. He switched the radio
... . 29. D o you, too, run . . money long before the next payday?
30. When the dog barked, the children ran ... . 31. Tickets for the
game w i l l sell ... quickly. 32. You've got school tomorrow. I don't
want you to stay ... late.

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 Combinations with take, talk, think, throw
and try

11. Fill in the correct particle.

1. Why don't you take your coat ... ? 2. When I went into the sit¬
ting room, I noticed that he had taken . all the pictures. 3. When
I got home, I discovered the T V set didn't work so I took it ... to
the shop. 4. I took . my new boss immediately. 5. Your daughter
doesn't take ... you at all. 6. Even the experts took the painting ...
a genuine Van Gogh. 7. M y father was forgetful and I take . h i m .
8. The plane eventually took ... at 5 p.m. 9. When I arrived, she
took me ... and introduced me to everybody. 10. Someone had
cleaned the room and taken ... all the dirty dishes. 11. He's very
good-looking. He takes ... his father. 12. There are a lot of hobbies
you can take ... . 13. I took her ... to the Meads. 14. I didn't know
you'd taken ... cookery. 15. She took ... drinking after her husband
died. 16. He took me ... on a Friday night to a lovely restaurant.
17. D o you take me ... an idiot? 18. Take that ... . I don't want i t
i n here. 19. Could I just take ... your details? 20. He took ... swim¬
ming when his doctor told h i m he needed to take more exercise.
21. You should take ... Christmas decorations on the 6th of Janu¬
ary. 22. He took ... everything the lecturer said i n his notebook.
23. M y grandparents took us ... for dinner and a movie. 24. She
took ... sailing. 25. I've really taken ... my French class. I enjoy i t
very much. 26. She took me ... the house and showed me all the
changes they had made. 27. Can you take this phone number ...
for me? 28. She took . languages and now speaks Chinese quite
well. 29. We were a bit late taking ... . 30. A l l jewellery must be
taken ... when doing sports. 31. Sorry, I took you ... your sister.
I always mix you up. 32. When you've finished using it, can you
take it ... to the kitchen and put it away? 33. She decided to take ...
walking i n order to keep fit. 34. I took the children ... for the day
to the beach. 35. I take ... my mother because I've got green eyes
like her. 36. I want to talk things ... with Freddie first. 37. H e ' d
like more time to think things ... . 38. I don't need that — you can
throw it ... . 39. I've been thinking ... what you said. 40. Poppy

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Green came to the house to try ... her party dress. 41. We all met
i n Pat's room to talk ... what we had seen. 42. I ' m going to throw
... these old shoes. I can't wear them any more.

Combinations with turn, wake and wash

12. Fill in the correct particle.

1. We arranged to meet at 7.30, she never turned ... . 2. I don't

understand this machine. H o w do you turn it ... ? 3. The T V set
was on, but the sound had been turned ... . 4. She keeps invit¬
ing me to visit her i n Scotland but I always turn her ... . 5. The
snow started to fall, so we turned ... . 6. She turned the book ...
to read the notes on the back cover. 7. Somebody forgot to turn
... the tap i n the bathroom. 8. I can barely hear the TV. Can you
turn i t ... a little? 9. I put the radio on loud, but D a d shouted to
me to turn the volume ... . 10. The car skidded on the ice and
turned ... . 11. You'll find a job. I ' m sure it w i l l turn ... quite soon.
12. Everyone turned ... and stared when I entered the meeting
late. 13. I t started as the holiday o f a lifetime but soon turned ...
to be a nightmare. 14. Cook the steak for a few minutes, then turn
it ... to cook the other side. 15. It's dark i n here. Shall I turn the
light ...? 16. Can you turn the music ... ? This is my favourite song.
17. I need help and I don't know who to turn ... . 18. I've just been
turned ... for another job. 19. A lot o f cars had been turned ... at
the border. 20. Our cat turned ... after we put posters up all over
the neighbourhood. 21. The heating has been turned ... , so our
offices are nice and warm. 22. The television was turned ... so loud
that she couldn't hear h i m shouting. 23. Please turn the television
... while the guests are here. 24. Can I turn ... the television? I want
to watch the news. 25. You've been watching T V all day. Turn it ...
now. 26. Pa had turned ... the gas i n the kitchen. 27. I ' d like to see
the other side. Can you turn i t ... , please? 28. I recognised h i m
even from behind. He didn't need to turn ... so I could see his face.
29. The house they had offered us turned ... to be a tiny apart-

188
ment. 30. Frank assured me that i f I ever needed financial help
I could always turn ... h i m . 31. The taxi didn't turn ... so we had
to walk. 32. Their proposals have been turned ... because they
w i l l cost too much. 33. He told her that he was a bachelor but i t
turned ... that he was married w i t h six children. 34. He's always i n
a good mood when he wakes ... . 35. You'll wake the whole fam¬
ily ... i f you don't keep quiet. 36. W i l l you wake me ... at 7 o'clock
tomorrow? 37. He insisted on helping me wash ... . 38. We cleared
the table and washed ... the dishes.

• Mixed combinations

13. Fill in the correct particle.

1. The car broke ... , so I had to walk. 2. They called ... the game
because o f the weather. (cancelled) 3. I must just clear ... i n the
kitchen. 4. I was cut ... i n the middle of my conversation. (on
the phone) 5. I ' m fed ... . all these delays. 6. I wanted to find ...
where she lived. 7. She never really got ... the death o f her hus¬
band. 8. They argued and argued, but eventually George gave ... .
9. The four o f us called ... h i m i n his room. 10. N o w don't let
me ... , w i l l you? (don't break your promise) 11. Could you possi-
bly look ... the baby for half an hour? 12. What are you looking ...?
— I can't find my purse. 13. Who do you think I ran ... yesterday?
(met by accident) 14. We set ... early. (began our journey) 15. Who
do you think turned ... yesterday? (suddenly appeared) 16. They
turned ... his proposal. (refused it) 17. Have you settled ... i n your
new flat? (do you feel comfortable there?) 18. D i d you pay ... the
money you owed Jack? 19. A car almost ran ... my dog. 20. You
should come ... for dinner one evening. (visit) 21. She's getting ...
very well i n her new job. (make progress). 22. Something funny
is going ... . (happen) 23. Sorry I ' m late, I was held ... i n the traf¬
fic. (delay) 24. John has decided to take ... tennis. 25. Tea shop is
giving ... free bars o f chocolate. 26. Tom got ... the bus outside the
cinema. (entered) 27. I don't know how she puts h i m . (toler-

189
ate, bear) 28. N i c k w i l l put us ... for the night. (provide a place to
stay) 29. We had to put ... the wedding until next year. (postpone)
30. J i m turned the volume ... so that he could listen to the news.
(increased) 31. We've run ... milk again. I ' l l go and buy some
more. 32. Michael takes ... his mother. They've both got brown
hair and green eyes. 33. He always puts ... his toys when he's fin¬
ished playing with them. 34. M y husband took me ... last night to
celebrate our anniversary. 35. I generally get ... w i t h my boss, al¬
though we disagree sometimes. 36. After several attempts, I finally
got the radio station. 37. We can't put ... making a decision.
We have to decide now. 38. Time is ... . Stop writing and hand ...
your papers. 39. What's ... w i t h him? He looks furious. 40. I called
Liz but she was ... . 41. By the time we arrived the meeting was
... . 42. Sarah is ... i n India somewhere. 43. Nobody was ... when
we called. 44. We were without electricity for three hours but it's
... again now. 45. She was ... from work for a week. 46. Are you ...
or ... the proposal? 47. Are you ... w i t h that newspaper? 48. H e ' l l
be ... on Monday. (return) 49. What's ... at the movies? 50. I must
be ... soon. (leave) 51. Make sure that the T V is ... . 52. The T V is
always . i n their house. 53. Shall I leave the light ... ? — N o , you
can turn it ... .

14. Fill in the correct particle.

1. We saw Linda ... at the airport, and then went home. 2. He lost
control o f the car and ran ... a tree. 3. I f you've finished lunch,
I ' l l take your plate . . 4. Put . your gloves. It's very cold out¬
side. 5. A l l the old buildings i n this area are going to be pulled ... .
6. Brian called ... on his way from work. 7. It's difficult to bring ...
children alone. 8. I ' m busy now so I ' l l call you ... later. 9. I don't
remember her telephone number — let me look it ... . 10. Burglars
broke ... my house last night and stole all my jewellery. 11. Jane is
really looking her sister's wedding. 12. M y brother came ...
home from university last week. 13. The plane w i l l be taking ... i n
a few minutes. 14. D o n ' t forget to put ... the candles before you
go to bed. 15. Jenny, could you turn ... the light please? 16. Drop
... any time you're passing. (pay a visit) 17. I don't go that

190
kind of thing. 18. You'll soon take ... your new boss, I ' m sure.
(develep a liking) 19. He turned ... to be an old friend o f Helen's.
(happened to be i n the end) 20. D o n ' t worry about the missing
book — it's bound to turn ... sooner or later. 21. Could you hold
... a moment, please? There's someone at the door. 22. The police
chased the thieves but they managed to get ... . (escape) 23. D a n
gave ... smoking six months ago. 24. You must give the cassette ...
to Mary on Saturday. 25. I ' m supposed to give ... this essay tomor-
row. 26. She looked ... the T V guide to see i f there was a good film
... . 27. I can't make ... my m i n d about which shirt to buy for Chris.
28. He made ... a story about having to work late, but I knew he
was lying. 29. Put ... all your suggestions on paper and we'll dis-
cuss them. 30. I phoned the company, but the receptionist said she
couldn't put me the director because the line was busy. 31. A
coach nearly ran us ... i n front of Trinity Church. 32. Your bike's
got a flat tyre. You'd better get ... and walk. 33. You have to fill ...
a registration form before you can use the library. 34. He turned ...
the sound on the T V set but left the picture on the screen. 35. Our
old computer's completely useless now. We'll have to throw it ... .
36. Whose book is this? I came ... it i n a drawer. 37. When the bell
rang, the students quickly put their books ... . 38. Tom decided to
run ... from that horrible boarding school. 39. I have broken my
leg skiing, so I w i l l be ... work for two months. 40. M y friend w i l l
call ... us tonight at 7 o'clock. 41. Get ... the train quickly before it
leaves. 42. Try the shoes ... before you buy them. 43. When we have
dinner very late we don't wash ... t i l l the next morning. 44. You'll
find i t helpful to talk things ... w i t h a friend. 45. I ' l l pick you ... at
five. 46. I wanted to explain but he kept ... talking and didn't give
me a chance to explain. 47. A t the end o f the lecture, the speaker
gave ... information sheets to the audience.

15. Fill in the correct particle.

1. Let's go ... , it's getting cold. 2. He goes ... drinking most evenings.
3. Come ... ! We're late already. 4. Come ... ! It's easy! 5. Guests
should check . . their rooms by noon. 6. About ten minutes af¬
ter I had checked . , I called her ... . 7. The train calls ... Didcot
191
and Reading. 8. N o w and then he frowned, crossed something ...
and rewrote it. 9. D o you eat ... a lot i n London? 10. Only four
British players have entered ... the championship. 11. Go and lie
... for a while. 12. What time did you get ... last night? 13. They
gave ... without a fight. 14. I could go ... the house as freely as I
liked. 15. W h y did you run ... from me? 16. I turned the lights ...
before leaving. 17. There was a letter on the floor. I picked it ...
and looked at it. 18. Laura took ... photography a few years ago.
She takes really good pictures 19. Look at this mess! Who's go¬
ing to tidy ...? 20. The plane took ... an hour late. 21. I've taken
... waking up very early. 22. I f you turn ... you might find i t easier
to get to sleep. 23. D o n ' t worry about the letter — I ' m sure i t ' l l
turn ... . 24. H o w do you switch this thing ... ? 25. I took h i m ...
his brother. 26. We were shown ... the school by one o f the stu¬
dents. 27. Oh, come . ! Cheer ... ! 28. Where do you come ... ?
29. He gave ... most of his money to charity. 30. Can we go ... to
Ann's today? 31. She grew ... i n Boston. 32. We had to move ... .
33. After I hung ... I remembered what I ' d wanted to say. 34. Af¬
ter the phone call, I got my work seriously. 35. Bill got ... his
illness quickly and returned to work. 36. You must give ... your
assignments at the end of the week. 37. The teacher handed ... the
exam papers after everyone had sat ... . 38. You'll just have to put
the noise until the repairs are finished. 39. We put ... going
on holiday because I was very busy at work. 40. I ' l l put you ... for
the night i f you can't find a hotel. 41. Jenny hasn't really taken ...
her new school. She's not at all happy. 42. She's always putting
her glasses ... somewhere and losing them. 43. Jack had settled ...
w i t h his new wife i n a small town near London. 44. H o w did the
burglars get ... ? 45. A concrete wall cut the town ... from the beach
and the sea. 46. He filled Daisy's glass ... again. 47. It's 8.30 and
Mark's still i n bed. I ' d better go and get h i m ... . 48. Speak ... !
I can't hear a word you're saying. 49. He said he would leave me
alone to think things ... for five minutes. 50. Does this jacket go ...
this skirt? 51. I bumped into and nearly knocked ... a person at the
bus stop. 52. The robbers drove ... i n a stolen vehicle. 53. She went
... to get a drink. 54. I ' m afraid that he might fall ... again and hurt
himself. 55. They started going ... together when they were still

192
at school. 56. I tried to stop the thief but he ran ... . 57. He didn't
even look up. He just went . reading.

16. Put in the appropriate verb.

1. I ... across children sleeping under bridges. 2. I ... after my

mother i n looks, but people say I've got my father's character.
3. The computer still works. Shall we sell it or ... i t away? 4. Every
year the average family ... away two tonnes of waste. 5. There's
a phone message for you: can you ... John back this evening?
6. Why are you late? D i d the car ... down? 7. I f I fail, I ' l l feel that
I've ... my parents down. 8. Has he ... you i n yet? 9. Operator, I've
been ... off. Can you reconnect me? 10. You are going to break
that vase i f you're not careful. ... it down. 11. He ... i n the truck
and ... off. 12. ... i n the blanks w i t h the correct word or phrase.
13. What Manuela really wanted was to get married and ... down.
14. I wasn't ... forward to going to the dentist again! 15. H o w are
you and Peter ... on? 16. We have to ... out by 10 a.m. 17. I just
touched the vase and it ... over. 18. ... round later and we'll show
you our wedding photos. 19. He didn't go out as he was still ... over
the flu. 20. Why did you ... down such a good offer? 21. D o n ' t let
the fire ... out, please. 22. H o w did you ... that out? 23. He had a
shower and ... on a new black T-shirt. 24. Who ... for going home?
25. They tried to ... out the fire themselves. 26. I ' m not going to ...
up with this nonsense. 27. While we were driving to Paris, the car
... out of petrol. 28. Guess what! I ... into Bill Garrving yesterday.
29. We waited for hours, but she never ... up. 30. They ... h i m down
for the job because he didn't have the right qualifications. 31. He
... on asking silly questions. 32. Sam decided to ... i n for the poetry
competition. 33. Tom spent half an hour ... for his keys. 34. As
they ... off for their picnic, it started to rain. 35. I ' m going to ...
my parents out tonight. 36. F i n d some paper and ... down these
details. 37. Sarah ... up jogging i n order to lose weight. 38. They
... off the meeting because the manager couldn't attend. 39. Susan
... through the book quickly before she bought it. 40. I ' l l ... you
through to the correct department, madam. 41. When I want a

193
piece of advice, I always ... to my father for help. 42. B i l l ... me up
for the night as I could find nowhere to stay. 43. I . on very well
w i t h my new neighbours. 44. You can ... up the meanings of words
i n a dictionary. 45. He makes money by buying houses and ... them
up. 46. Is this where we ... off ? 47. The tap broke and the water
... out. 48. I know things seem bad, but life must ... on. 49. The
conductor is the person on a bus who ... out tickets. 50. When he
retired, he ... to collecting stamps. 51. D o you m i n d i f I ... off my
shoes? 52. D o you think the movie was good? — Oh ... on, it was
terrible! 53. He ... on his bike and ... away. 54. I thought they knew
each other, but it ... out they'd never met. 55. I f you're i n our part
of town, you must ... i n and see us. 56. We ... up the other traffic.
57. We ... i n all the customs forms.

17. Put in the appropriate verb.

1. Can you ... on? I ' l l see i f M r Jones is free to take your call. 2. He
says he'll never ... over losing her. 3. M y mother ... up the freezer
for me before she went away. 4. N o chocolate for me, thanks. I've
... it up. 5. I ... up i n a big city. 6. She ... at his office but he ... not
in. 7. I ... h i m for an Englishman. 8. I have to ... the kids up from
school this afternoon. 9.You'll have to ... the volume up — she's
a bit deaf. 10. We were ... up by the sound of breaking glass. 11. I
carefully folded all my winter clothes and ... them away i n the
cupboard. 12. I f the music is too loud for you, why didn't you ask
me to ... i t down? 13. She told h i m the address and he ... it down
i n his notebook. 14. When are you planning to ... back? 15. Can
you ... the lights off? The switch is by the door. 16. Things can't
... on as they are. Something has to change. 17. I ' l l cook the din¬
ner, then you can . up. 18. The doors and windows were locked
and they couldn't ... out. 19. You look smart this evening. Are you
... out? 20. N o t many people ... up for the lesson. 21. Perhaps we
can ... on w i t h the meeting. 22. D o n ' t bother to ... on me or ring
me. 23. Only four British players have ... for the competition. 24. I
thought I ' d ... i n on you while I was passing. 25. We ... out all our
old clothes. 26. I ... on a jacket i n the shop, but i t didn't fit me
very well. 27. Shall we stop at this petrol station or shall we ... on

194
to the next one? 28. I didn't like the picture, so I ... i t down. 29. I
hate ... up. 30. We are ... away on holiday today. We'll ... back i n
three weeks. 31. We tried to catch the thief, but he managed to
... away. 32. The bus was full. We couldn't ... on. 33. A woman ...
into the car and ... off. 34. When I touched h i m on the shoulder,
he ... round. 35. H o w was the exam? H o w did you ... on? 36. Why
did you ... away from me? 37. H o w did the thieves ... in? 38. He
just stood up and ... out. 39. T i m opened the window and ... out.
40. I ' m ... i n next week. 41. There wasn't anything to eat at home,
so we decided to ... out. 42. He ... on criticising me. I ' m ... up
w i t h it! 43. The oven is too hot. ... it down to 150 degrees. 44. I f
you borrow money, you have to ... i t back. 45. We were surprised
when they ... up at the wedding. 46. I've still got Jane's keys. I for¬
got to ... them back to her. 47. Nobody believed Paul at first, but
he ... out to be right. 48. I have to . out, I ' l l . back late tonight.
49. When the warning bell rang, the lights ... out. 50. The motor¬
ist ... down a man on a bicycle. 51. When he was a little boy he
liked to ... up stories. 52. We're thinking o f ... up German i n the
autumn. 53. M r Knight offered to ... h i m up. 54. They just can't
... along together. 55. The police searched the house and ... away
the computer. 56. D o n ' t . up! Keep trying. 57. She ... round last
night. 58. ... the pancake over, please. I t w i l l burn. 59. I . into
Clare i n the supermarket.

18. Repeat what y o u have just s a i d . E a c h time u s e it / them /

him / her.

e.g. Put down that pen. Yes, put it down.

I . Take off your coat. 2. Wake up the children. 3. Ring up Peter.

4. Cut down this tree. 5. Take Susan out to the zoo. 6. Write down
my address. 7. Hand i n your notebooks. 8. Throw away these
magazines. 9. Give back that book. 10. Take away that typewriter.
I I . Turn on the iron. 12. Put on your jumper. 13. D o n ' t turn off
the light. 14. Give away all your old toys. 15. Pick up the letter.
16. Shave off your beard. 17. Try on the jacket. 18. Give out these
papers. 19. Ask the doctor i n .

195
19. Complete t h e s e dialogues with the phrasal verb a n d a
pronoun.

e.g. A : Has Mary put her hat on? B: Yes, she has put i t on.

1. A: Who brought up the children?

B: Their uncle . .
2. A: D i d you cross out the wrong words?
B: N o , the teacher . .
3. A: When do we have to give i n the homework?
B: We have to ... tomorrow.
4. A: Can you pick Sally up after school?
B: O K , I ' l l ... on my way home.
5. A: Children, can you put your toys away now please.
B: Can't we . later?
6. A: Has somebody put the lights on?
B: I think Joe's . .
7. A: When did they knock down the cinema?
B: They ... several months ago.
8. A: Look at this skirt! H o w can I get the ink off?
B: I think the only way to . is to take it to the cleaner's.
9. A: Somebody's rubbed out my name.
B: Well, I haven't ... .
10. A : Sally and Pete have broken off their engagement.
B: Oh! When did they . ?

20. Complete the dialogue with the correct form of one of the
v e r b s in the box.

find out, get off, look up, put on, run out of, set off, take off,
try on, work out

Sally: Have you worked out where the best shopping center is?
Jane: Yes, I ... i t ... i n the guidebook. We can take the metro right
across the street and we . . at the fourth station.
196
Sally: By the way, I've euros so we'll have to call at a bank.
Jane: We can go to the hotel reception and i f there's a cash
machine near here. What are you going to wear?
Sally: I f we're going to clothes, I think I ' l l wear a skirt. It's
more difficult to . . jeans and ... them ... all the time.
Jane: O K , as soon as you've changed we can

21. Complete the following story by c h o o s i n g the s e c o n d word

of e a c h phrasal verb. U s e a dictionary to c h e c k the mean¬
ings.

We were looking forward t o / o n our holiday but the night

before we were going to leave we stayed down/up talking until
about three o'clock. We didn't hear the alarm clock so we got
u p / i n late and we were late getting to the airport. When we
went to check in/up, we were lucky because some passengers
hadn't shown up/out so there were still some seats left. When
we got on the plane, T i m was a bit nervous because he hadn't
flown before but I gave h i m a p i l l and that calmed h i m d o w n /
out. The cabin crew told us to turn i n / o f f our mobiles. Then
the lights went up/off and T i m thought something was wrong
but I pointed out/up that they always do that before the plane
takes out/off. When we got to Rome we went to pick up/off
our cases. M i n e was one o f the first to come out, but Tim's
didn't appear. We hung about/up for a long time but it didn't
turn out/up. We went to an office to report it and T i m had to
fill i n / o n all his details on a form. After several phone calls i t
turned out/up that Tim's case was i n Athens. Luckily we got i t
back that same evening. As soon as i t arrived, T i m pulled out/
off his sweaty clothes, had a cold shower and put i n / o n a clean
shirt and trousers. We were just i n time to go and have dinner.

22. Complete the following stories by using the correct parti¬

cles.

1. Last month we decided to drive to Scotland for a few days,

for a short holiday. We were really looking a quiet rest i n
197
 the country. Unfortunately, lots o f things went wrong. First of
all, the car broke ... just after we had left home, and we had
to phone a garage and then wait by the side of the road for
hours. By the time the car had been repaired, it was too late to
go ... , so we went home. The next day we set ... early to avoid
the traffic, but we had forgotten that it was a public holiday.
Every single person i n the country must have had the same
idea, so we found ourselves i n a long traffic jam. We decided
that the best thing to do was to take a different road, and look
... a hotel. First we got lost on a narrow country road, and then
the car ran petrol. Finally, we gave ... and went home for
the second time.

2. Simon was walking home from work the other day when he
noticed something shining on the pavement on the other side
of the road. A car was coming ... the street, so he waited until i t
had driven past, then he crossed . . When he got to the other
side he saw that i t was a shiny gold coin! He looked . to make
sure no one was looking, then he bent . to pick it . . Imagine
his surprise when he could not move it! He was just about to
give . when he heard a strange sound behind h i m . Someone
was laughing at h i m , but he couldn't see who it was. Two little
boys were hiding behind a hedge, laughing at anyone who tried
to pick . the coin they had stuck to the pavement with glue!

23. R e a d a n d retell the stories. Note the u s e of the phrasal

verbs.

1.
A Frenchman once called on his English friend and enquired
whether his friend was in. 'He is,' answered the maid, 'but he is
not up yet. W i l l you come round at 11?' 'Yes,' the man answered.
When he came again the maid was setting the table for tea and
said, ' M r Brown is not down yet.'
' I f he is not up and he is not down where is he?' asked the sur¬
prised Frenchman.
'He is not i n bed already,' said the maid, 'but he hasn't come
downstairs yet.'
198
2.

First Lady: Dear me, I never saw Mrs Potts look so pale.
Second Lady: N o r I . She's probably been out i n the rain without
an umbrella.

3.

Employer: When you called up my wife and told her I would

be detained at the office and would not be home
until very late, what did she say?
Secretary: She said, 'Can I depend on that?'

4.

No Hurry

A doctor had an urgent call from a gentleman saying his small

son had swallowed his fountain pen.
' A l l right. I ' l l come round at once,' replied the doctor, 'but
what are you doing i n the meantime?' 'Trying to do with a pen¬
cil.'

5.

She: I never saw a married couple who got on so well with each
other as M r and Mrs Ross.

He: H u m p h . I know! Each of them does exactly as she likes.

6.
Husband (arriving home late): Can you guess where I've been?
Wife: I can but go on with your story.

7.

— Mamma, when the fire goes out where does it go?

— M y dear boy, I don't know. You might as well ask me where
your father goes when he goes out.
199
8.

Nothing to Worry About

Overheard on the beach:

— Mummy, may I go in for a swim?
— Certainly not, my dear, it's too deep.
— But daddy is swimming.
— Yes, dear, but he's insured.

9.

Daughter: He says he thinks I ' m the nicest girl i n town. Shall I

ask h i m to call?'
Mother: N o , dear, let h i m keep on thinking so.

10.
Jean had been naughty and had been sent into the den to
' think things ove^. After a while she came out all smiles and said,
' I thought and prayed.'
'Fine,' said her mother. 'That w i l l help you to be good.'
'Oh, I didn't ask G o d to help me to be good,' said the child.
' I just told H i m to help you to put up with me.'

11.

— Would you believe it? He actually ran away as they were

standing at the altar!
— Lost his nerve, I suppose?
— N o , found it again.

12.

Breaking It Gently

— Mrs Upton's pet dog has been run over; she'll be heartbroken.
— D o n ' t tell her abruptly.
— N o . I ' l l begin by saying it's her husband.
200
13.

Friend (to a young wife contemplating divorce):

— Remember, dear, you took your husband for better or for
worse.
— Young wife: But I took h i m for a good man, didn't I?

14.
He had proposed and the girl had turned h i m down. 'Ah, well,'
he sighed dejectedly. ' I suppose I ' l l never marry now.'
The girl couldn't help laughing a little, she was so flattered.
'You silly boy!' she said. 'Because I've turned you down, that
doesn't mean that other girls w i l l do the same.'
' O f course it does,' he returned w i t h a faint smile. ' I f you
won't have me, who will?'

15.

'Lady,' said the traffic officer who had held her up, 'how
long do you expect to be out?'
'What do you mean by that question?' she demanded
indignantly.
'Well,' he replied sarcastically, 'there are a couple of thousand
other drivers who would like to use this street after you get through

with it.'

16.
Father: Why were you kept in at school?
Son: I didn't know where the Azores were.
Father: Well, i n the future just remember where you put things.
17.
'Daddy,' said little Elsie, 'do you think M u m m y knows much
about bringing up children?'
'What makes you ask that?' asked her father.
'Well,' replied Elsie, 'She makes me go to bed when I am wide
awake and she makes me get up when I ' m awfully sleepy.'
201
18.
Your Choice
The tramp called at a house and asked for food:
Housewife: A n d how would you like a nice chop?
Tramp: That all depends, lady, — is it lamb, pork or wood?

19.
And Collect Your Commission
Doctor: I want you to take over my office while I ' m on my vaca¬
tion.
— But I've just graduated, doctor. I've had no experience.
— That's all right, my boy. M y practice is strictly fashionable.
When my patients call on you or when you are called out you
should tell the men to play golf and send the ladies abroad.

20.
A Good Husband

— Mary has a wonderful husband.

— Yes? H o w is that?
— Why, he helps her do all the work. O n Monday he cleared away
the dishes with her. O n Tuesday he cleared out the cupboards
and sideboards with her. A n d tomorrow he'a going to clear up
the rooms with her.

21.
Wife: I've bought you a beautiful surprise for your birth -
day — it has just arrived.
Husband: I ' m curious to see it.
Wife: Wait a minute and I ' l l put it on.

22.
Son (entering the office): Well, dad, I just ran up to say hallo.
Dad: Too late, my boy. Your mother has already run up to say
hallo, and I've run out of all my change.

202
24. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. В и к т о р встал и в ы ш е л и з к о м н а т ы . 2. Я д о л ж е н п р о д о л ­
ж и т ь работу. У м е н я м н о г о дел. 3. У н а с к о н ч и л с я сахар. Я
д о л ж н а сходить в м а г а з и н . 4. Н е к о т о р ы е ф а м и л и и в с п и с к е
б ы л и в ы ч е р к н у т ы . 5. О н всюду бывает т о л ь к о с э т о й д е в у ш ­
к о й . 6. Е й трудно было м и р и т ь с я с т а к и м и ш у м н ы м и с о с е ­
д я м и . 7. О н а п р о с м о т р е л а газету, ч т о б ы узнать п о с л е д н и е
н о в о с т и . 8. Я д у м а ю , что м о и р о д с т в е н н и к и п р и м у т тебя,
если т ы н а д у м а е ш ь поехать в М о с к в у . 9. П о дороге в у н и в е р ­
ситет я хочу з а й т и к Л и н д е . 10. С т а р ы й мост рухнул. 11. Т ы
уже залил б е н з и н в бак? 12. Я заеду за т о б о й в ш е с т ь часов.
13. О н р а с п л а т и л с я в г о с т и н и ц е и уехал. 14. П о ч е м у т ы н е
с н и м а е ш ь пальто? 15. В р е м я истекло. П о р а сдавать работы.
16. О н а п р и г л а с и л а м е н я в о й т и . 17. Я хочу повидать м - р а
Брауна. О н у себя? 18. Ш т о р м з а к о н ч и л с я : м ы м о ж е м п р о ­
д о л ж и т ь путь. 19. З а й д и к о м н е п о дороге д о м о й и р а с с к а ж и ,
к а к п р о ш л о и н т е р в ь ю . 20. Я п о з в о н и л Т о м у и с о о б щ и л ему
н о в о с т ь . 21. Д а в а й п о т о р а п л и в а й с я , а то м ы опоздаем. 22. Я
п р и д у п о с л е обеда и р а с с к а ж у тебе о своем п л а н е . 23. О н а
з а ш л а н а н е с к о л ь к о минут, ч т о б ы узнать, н е сможет л и она
о д о л ж и т ь твою п и ш у щ у ю м а ш и н к у . 24. М н е п р и ш л о с ь за¬
п о л н и т ь три бланка, ч т о б ы получить м о й н о в ы й паспорт.
25. К а к о в ы его успехи в ш к о л е ? 26. О н а н е мoжет о п р а в и т ь с я
п о с л е смерти мужа. 27. Учитель раздал словари, и м ы при¬
ступили к работе. 28. П о ж а л у й с т а , уходи. Я н е могу работать,
п о к а н е останусь о д и н . 29. Я хочу п р и л е ч ь н а н е с к о л ь к о ми¬
нут. 30. И н т е р е с н о , кто убрал телевизор? 31. Д и к уже встал,
когда т ы п р и ш е л ? 32. М а л е н ь к и й м а л ь ч и к б р о с и л к а м е н ь в
о к н о и убежал. 33. К а к Л и н д а м и р и т с я с т а к и м мужем эго¬
истом? 34. М ы с н е т е р п е н и е м ж д е м встречи с в а м и на сле¬
д у ю щ е й неделе. 35. Т ы з а н и м а е ш ь с я т е н н и с о м ? 36. Заходите
в л ю б о е время. Я всегда рада видеть вас. 37. Д а в а й сегод¬
н я где-нибудь пообедаем. Т ы з н а е ш ь х о р о ш и е р е с т о р а н ы ?
38. Ольга с о б и р а е т с я сегодня тебе п о з в о н и т ь . 39. М н е сразу
п о н р а в л с я Т и м , и в с к о р е м ы п о д р у ж и л и с ь . 40. Д а в а й сегод¬
н я п о с и д и м дома. М н е не хочется н и к у д а идти. 41. М о й д я д я
В и к т о р сегодня ведет н а с в ц и р к . 42. Д а в а й т е обсудим это за­
втра. 43. О н с н я л к а р т и н у и п о л о ж и л ее на стол. 44. М о я д о ч ь
203
раздала все свои и г р у ш к и . 45. Я сдал с о ч и н е н и е и в ы ш е л и з
аудитории. 46. В м о е й к в а р т и р е в п р о ш л о м году был р е м о н т .
47. М о й друг н е п р и н я л участие в с о р е в н о в а н и я х п о тенни¬
су. 48. М а т ч б ы л о т м е н е н и з - з а д о ж д л и в о й п о г о д ы . 49. М а м а
п о п р о с и л а м е н я убрать квартиру и в ы м ы т ь посуду. 50. А в т о ­
бус п р и б ы л п о з д н о . 51. О н а р а з о з л и л а с ь и п о л о ж и л а трубку.
52. Старую ш к о л у с н е с л и год назад. 53. Когда м ы п р и ш л и
в театр, все билеты б ы л и р а с п р о д а н ы . 54. А л и с а похожа н а
свою мать. 55. Я п о г а с и л свет и в ы ш е л и з к о м н а т ы . 56. Ока¬
залось, что о н и вместе у ч и л и с ь в ш к о л е .

25. Translate into E n g l i s h .

1. И з в и н и т е , я опоздал. П о дороге сломалась м а ш и н а .

2. В к о т о р о м часу вылетает самолет? 3. М ы к у п и л и но¬
вую квартиру. — Н а с а м о м деле? Когда в ы переезжаете?
4. Я н а д е я л с я встретить Т о м а в клубе, н о о н т а к и н е поя¬
в и л с я там. 5. Вы можете п р и г л у ш и т ь радио? О н о с л и ш к о м
г р о м к о говорит. 6. Я плохо тебя слышу. П о ж а л у й с т а , г о в о р и
громче. 7. Д ж о н уехал в отпуск. О н в е р н е т с я через две не¬
дели. 8. М о и р о д и т е л и в о с п и т а л и п я т е р ы х детей. 9. Н е за¬
ходите за н и м . О н придет п р я м о на стадион. 10. П о п р о с и т е
его зайти п о с л е того, к а к з а к о н ч и т с я с о б р а н и е . 11. Вы встре¬
тите это в ы р а ж е н и е м н о г о раз, когда будете читать к н и г и .
12. П о й д е м т е . Автобус отходит через п я т ь минут. 13. Т о н и
н е смог оплатить счет за п о с л е д н и й м е с я ц , и к о м п а н и я от¬
к л ю ч и л а газ и электричество. 14. М ы н е смогли д о з в о н и т ь с я
и м и р е ш и л и послать телеграмму. 15. М ы в о ш л и в зал, когда
погас свет. 16. Я п р о с м о т р е л свое с о ч и н е н и е е щ е раз и не на¬
ш е л о ш и б о к . 17. П р о д о л ж а й т е работать н а д д о к л а д о м . Я н е
буду вам м е ш а т ь и зайду п о з д н е е . 18. П р е ж д е ч е м сдать кон¬
т р о л ь н у ю работу, п р о с м о т р и т е ее е щ е раз. 19. Т у ф л и очень
к р а с и в ы е , н о сумка д о л ж н а соответствоавть и м . 20. Подож¬
дите, пожалуйста, м - р С м и т сейчас говорит п о телефону.
21. Н е б е с п о к о й с я . О н н и к о м у об э т о м н е скажет и н и к о г д а
тебя н е подведет. 22. Н е м о г л и бы в ы п р и с м о т р е т ь за м о и м
с ы н и ш к о й ? Я с к о р о вернусь. 23. Т о л ь к о н а у л и ц е я вспом¬
н и л , что забыл погасить свет, и м н е п р и ш л о с ь вернуться.

204
24. В тумане теплоход н а с к о ч и л н а м а л е н ь к у ю р ы б а ц к у ю
лодку. 25. М ы о т п р а в и л и с ь в Л о н д о н к а к раз п о с л е д е с я т и ча¬
сов. 26. О н а очень д о б р а я . Д е т и ее сразу п о л ю б и л и . 27. М о й
отец н а ч а л з а н и м а т ь с я с п о р т о м , когда ему б ы л о уже за 40.
28. К с о ж а л е н и ю , я не могу н и к у д а с т о б о й п о й т и в эту
субботу. 29. П о ж а р н ы е о ч е н ь старались п о т у ш и т ь п о ж а р .
30. М ы з а п и с а л и все, что о н сказал. 31. Я отвез р о д и т е л е й
в а э р о п о р т и п р о в о д и л их. 32. Я случайно н а ш е л свой аль¬
бом с ф о т о г р а ф и я м и , когда убирал квартиру. 33. Н а й д и т е
все н е з н а к о м ы е слова в словаре. 34. М ы с н е т е р п е н и е м ж д е м
Н о в о г о года. 35. Н а с задержали на автостраде н а два часа.
36. Т ы в ы г л я д и ш ь т а к о й п е ч а л ь н о й . Н е унывай! 37. Я в о ш е л
в к о м н а т у и в к л ю ч и л свет. 38. Я зашла в булочную и к у п и л а
буханку хлеба. 39. Б ы л о т е п л о , и я с н я л п и д ж а к . 40. Т о м и
А н я не ладят. О н и всегда ссорятся. 41. Сара р о д и л а с ь в Ир¬
л а н д и и , н о в ы р о с л а в А н г л и и . 42. Ольге надоела ее работа, и
о н а р е ш и л а ее бросить. 43. Ж е н щ и н а села в а в т о м о б и л ь и уе¬
хала. 44. Я с о х р а н и л п и с ь м о , н о в ы б р о с и л конверт. 45. Я н е
могу сейчас с т о б о й говорить. Я п е р е з в о н ю тебе через десять
минут. 46. С п а с и б о , что т ы о д о л ж и л м н е деньги. Я верну их
тебе н а с л е д у ю щ е й неделе. 47. У м е н я все е щ е к л ю ч и Д ж о н а .
Я забыл их ему вернуть. 48. В ы к л ю ч и свет и и д и спать.

26. Translate into E n g l i s h .

I . С д е л а й р а д и о погромче. 2. О н о б о с н о в а л с я в Л о н д о н е .
3. В п р о ш л о м году м ы б ы л и в П а р и ж е . М о й д я д я п о к а з а л
н а м город. 4. О н а взяла п е р ч а т к и и сумку. 5. О н а всегда при¬
думывает н е б ы л и ц ы . 6. О н н е уступит, д а ж е если о н н е п р а в .
7. Я п р и г л а ш у соседей н а обед. 8. О н п р и г л а с и л м е н я в театр.
9. М - р С м и т в отъезде. О н в е р н е т с я в среду.10. П о е з д ушел.
I I . С о б р а н и е з а к о н ч и л о с ь . 12. С о б р а н и е о т м е н е н о . 13. Свет
горит. 14. Газ о т к л ю ч е н . 15. С п е к т а к л ь все е щ е идет. 16. М - р
Б р а у н в ы ш е л . О н в е р н е т с я в 12. 17. Д е т и все е щ е дома. Теле¬
в и з о р в к л ю ч е н . 18. Я з а к о н ч и л свою работу. 19. О н уже встал
и находится в г о с т и н о й . 20. Т е л е ф о н и с т р а з ъ е д и н и л н а с пре¬
ж д е , ч е м м ы у с п е л и з а к о н ч и т ь разговор. 21. Д а в а й зайдем
( з а с к о ч и м ) к нему. 22. О н п о с к о л ь з н у л с я и упал. 23. О н в х о -

205
р о ш и х о т н о ш е н и я х со своей т е щ е й . 24. О н в ы ш е л н а следу¬
ю щ е й о с т а н о в к е . 25. Подъехала м а ш и н а , и о н и сели. 26. М ы
о с т а н о в и л и с ь н а н е с к о л ь к о минут, а затем п р о д о л ж и л и н а ш
путь. 27. П о ж а л у й с т а , убери посуду. 28. М ы о т л о ж и м это до
завтра. 29. К т о - т о п о в е с и л о б ъ я в л е н и е в вестибюле. 30. Со¬
е д и н и т е м е н я , пожалуйста, с д и р е к т о р о м . 31. В М о с к в е я
о с т а н о в и л с я у своих р о д с т в е н н и к о в . 32. Е щ е в детстве о н
п р и с т р а с т и л с я к ч т е н и ю . 33. Я п р и н я л его за а н г л и ч а н и н а .
34. М н е н р а в и т с я это платье. П о з в о л ь т е м н е его п р и м е р и т ь .
35. О н а о т к р ы л а к р а н и н а п о л н и л а в а н н у водой. 36. Н е забудь
в ы к л ю ч и т ь утюг. 37. М а ш и н а перевернулась. 38. Я п о в е р н у л
стул, ч т о б ы сидеть л и ц о м к к а м и н у . 39. К р о к о д и л перевернул
лодку, н о все остались ж и в ы . 40. О н а превратилась в преус¬
п е в а ю щ е г о адвоката. 41. Садитесь в автобус! 42. П о т е р я н н а я
к н и г а т а к и н е н а ш л а с ь . 43. Я разбудил его р о в н о в 5. 44. Я
л ю б л ю м ы т ь посуду. 45. Я н е м о г п о з в о л и т ь себе о т к л о н и т ь
это п р е д л о ж е н и е . 46. Я увидела, к а к о н обернулся, а затем
п р о д о л ж и л свой путь. 47. Д е т и бегали п о двору. 48. У м е н я
сбежала собака. 49. О н п о п а л п о д м а ш и н у . 50. О н и собрали
в лесу м н о г о цветов. 51. О н и н е ладят. 52. Заходит л и паро¬
ход в П о т и ? 53. О н зайдет за к н и г о й завтра. 54. Продолжай¬
те работать. 55. Я н а в е щ у его завтра. 56. О н и о т п р а в и л и с ь в
путь р а н о утром. 57. Я обдумаю это. 58. Составьте н е с к о л ь к о
п р е д л о ж е н и й с э т и м и в ы р а ж е н и я м и . 59. О н б р о с и л курить.
60. О н п о д о ш е л и с п р о с и л у м е н я , к о т о р ы й час. 61. Автомо¬
б и л ь подъехал к воротам. 62. О н п о я в и л с я н а работе очень
п о з д н о . 63. К о г д а т ы н а ч а л увлекаться т е н н и с о м ? 64. Ч т о
т а м происходит? 65. Э т о в п е р в ы й раз когда о н н е п р и ш е л
д о м о й ночевать. 66. Я п о к а ж у вам о ф и с . 67. П о т о р о п и с ь ,
уже п о ч т и 7 часов. 68. О н и з л о ж и л свои м ы с л и н а бумаге.
69. Л и н д а зашла к о м н е сегодня утром, ч т о б ы и з в и н и т ь с я за
свое п о в е д е н и е . 70.Ты заедешь за м н о й п о с л е р а б о т ы ? 71. Я
быстро п р о л и с т а л книгу, п р е ж д е ч е м к у п и т ь ее. 72. Д а в а й т е
п р и с т у п и м к делу. 73. Н а ш представитель посетит вас завтра.
74. Н и к о г д а н е сдавайся! 75. М ы вернулись в отель н а обед.
76. П р и б а в ь света. Я плохо вижу.

206
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207
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